commit c1c35bfc323ad2982c32d88a503c4c3a6f69558c
Author: Karl <karl@k-world.me.uk>
Date:   Mon Oct 25 20:04:55 2021 +0100

    init

diff --git a/__pycache__/app.cpython-37.pyc b/__pycache__/app.cpython-37.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f997c9
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diff --git a/__pycache__/server.cpython-37.pyc b/__pycache__/server.cpython-37.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41192c9
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diff --git a/app.py b/app.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7faa3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+
+#import pygatt
+import os
+
+#adapter = pygatt.GATTToolBackend()
+on = 'cc2333'
+off = 'cc2433'
+
+try:
+#    adapter.start()
+#    device = adapter.connect("b2:3b:03:00:14:d6")
+#    device.char_write_handle(0x0009, bytearray.fromhex(off))
+    os.system('gatttool -i hci0 -b b2:3b:03:00:14:d6 --char-write-req -a 0x0009 -n cc2333')
+except error as ex:
+    print(ex)
+#finally:
+#    adapter.stop()
+
diff --git a/server.py b/server.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be429ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+from flask import Flask, request
+import os
+from colormap import rgb2hex
+
+app = Flask(__name__)
+
+
+@app.route('/')
+def index():
+  os.system('gatttool -i hci0 -b b2:3b:03:00:14:d6 --char-write-req -a 0x0009 -n cc2433')
+  return 'Index Page'
+
+@app.route('/hello')
+def hello():
+  #a = rgb2hex(255, 255, 255)
+
+  #str = '56' + a + '00f0aa'
+  #os.system('gatttool -i hci0 -b b2:3b:03:00:14:d6 --char-write-req -a 0x0009 -n ${str}')
+  return request.query_string
+
+#adding variables
+@app.route('/user/<username>')
+def show_user(username):
+  #returns the username
+  return 'Username: %s' % username
+
+@app.route('/post/<int:post_id>')
+def show_post(post_id):
+  #returns the post, the post_id should be an int
+  return str(post_id)
+
+@app.route('/user', methods=['GET','POST'])
+def get_user():
+  username = request.form['username']
+  password = request.form['password']
+  #login(arg,arg) is a function that tries to log in and returns true or false
+  status = login(username, password)
+  return status
diff --git a/venv/bin/activate b/venv/bin/activate
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..069a42d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/activate
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# This file must be used with "source bin/activate" *from bash*
+# you cannot run it directly
+
+deactivate () {
+    # reset old environment variables
+    if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:-}" ] ; then
+        PATH="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH:-}"
+        export PATH
+        unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+    fi
+    if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME:-}" ] ; then
+        PYTHONHOME="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME:-}"
+        export PYTHONHOME
+        unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+    fi
+
+    # This should detect bash and zsh, which have a hash command that must
+    # be called to get it to forget past commands.  Without forgetting
+    # past commands the $PATH changes we made may not be respected
+    if [ -n "${BASH:-}" -o -n "${ZSH_VERSION:-}" ] ; then
+        hash -r
+    fi
+
+    if [ -n "${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1:-}" ] ; then
+        PS1="${_OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1:-}"
+        export PS1
+        unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1
+    fi
+
+    unset VIRTUAL_ENV
+    if [ ! "$1" = "nondestructive" ] ; then
+    # Self destruct!
+        unset -f deactivate
+    fi
+}
+
+# unset irrelevant variables
+deactivate nondestructive
+
+VIRTUAL_ENV="/home/pi/pyBridge/venv"
+export VIRTUAL_ENV
+
+_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH="$PATH"
+PATH="$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
+export PATH
+
+# unset PYTHONHOME if set
+# this will fail if PYTHONHOME is set to the empty string (which is bad anyway)
+# could use `if (set -u; : $PYTHONHOME) ;` in bash
+if [ -n "${PYTHONHOME:-}" ] ; then
+    _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME="${PYTHONHOME:-}"
+    unset PYTHONHOME
+fi
+
+if [ -z "${VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT:-}" ] ; then
+    _OLD_VIRTUAL_PS1="${PS1:-}"
+    if [ "x(venv) " != x ] ; then
+	PS1="(venv) ${PS1:-}"
+    else
+    if [ "`basename \"$VIRTUAL_ENV\"`" = "__" ] ; then
+        # special case for Aspen magic directories
+        # see http://www.zetadev.com/software/aspen/
+        PS1="[`basename \`dirname \"$VIRTUAL_ENV\"\``] $PS1"
+    else
+        PS1="(`basename \"$VIRTUAL_ENV\"`)$PS1"
+    fi
+    fi
+    export PS1
+fi
+
+# This should detect bash and zsh, which have a hash command that must
+# be called to get it to forget past commands.  Without forgetting
+# past commands the $PATH changes we made may not be respected
+if [ -n "${BASH:-}" -o -n "${ZSH_VERSION:-}" ] ; then
+    hash -r
+fi
diff --git a/venv/bin/activate.csh b/venv/bin/activate.csh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a34dea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/activate.csh
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# This file must be used with "source bin/activate.csh" *from csh*.
+# You cannot run it directly.
+# Created by Davide Di Blasi <davidedb@gmail.com>.
+# Ported to Python 3.3 venv by Andrew Svetlov <andrew.svetlov@gmail.com>
+
+alias deactivate 'test $?_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH != 0 && setenv PATH "$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH" && unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH; rehash; test $?_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT != 0 && set prompt="$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT" && unset _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT; unsetenv VIRTUAL_ENV; test "\!:*" != "nondestructive" && unalias deactivate'
+
+# Unset irrelevant variables.
+deactivate nondestructive
+
+setenv VIRTUAL_ENV "/home/pi/pyBridge/venv"
+
+set _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH="$PATH"
+setenv PATH "$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin:$PATH"
+
+
+set _OLD_VIRTUAL_PROMPT="$prompt"
+
+if (! "$?VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT") then
+    if ("venv" != "") then
+        set env_name = "venv"
+    else
+        if (`basename "VIRTUAL_ENV"` == "__") then
+            # special case for Aspen magic directories
+            # see http://www.zetadev.com/software/aspen/
+            set env_name = `basename \`dirname "$VIRTUAL_ENV"\``
+        else
+            set env_name = `basename "$VIRTUAL_ENV"`
+        endif
+    endif
+    set prompt = "[$env_name] $prompt"
+    unset env_name
+endif
+
+alias pydoc python -m pydoc
+
+rehash
diff --git a/venv/bin/activate.fish b/venv/bin/activate.fish
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8969089
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/activate.fish
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# This file must be used with ". bin/activate.fish" *from fish* (http://fishshell.org)
+# you cannot run it directly
+
+function deactivate  -d "Exit virtualenv and return to normal shell environment"
+    # reset old environment variables
+    if test -n "$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH"
+        set -gx PATH $_OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+        set -e _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH
+    end
+    if test -n "$_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME"
+        set -gx PYTHONHOME $_OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+        set -e _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME
+    end
+
+    if test -n "$_OLD_FISH_PROMPT_OVERRIDE"
+        functions -e fish_prompt
+        set -e _OLD_FISH_PROMPT_OVERRIDE
+        functions -c _old_fish_prompt fish_prompt
+        functions -e _old_fish_prompt
+    end
+
+    set -e VIRTUAL_ENV
+    if test "$argv[1]" != "nondestructive"
+        # Self destruct!
+        functions -e deactivate
+    end
+end
+
+# unset irrelevant variables
+deactivate nondestructive
+
+set -gx VIRTUAL_ENV "/home/pi/pyBridge/venv"
+
+set -gx _OLD_VIRTUAL_PATH $PATH
+set -gx PATH "$VIRTUAL_ENV/bin" $PATH
+
+# unset PYTHONHOME if set
+if set -q PYTHONHOME
+    set -gx _OLD_VIRTUAL_PYTHONHOME $PYTHONHOME
+    set -e PYTHONHOME
+end
+
+if test -z "$VIRTUAL_ENV_DISABLE_PROMPT"
+    # fish uses a function instead of an env var to generate the prompt.
+
+    # save the current fish_prompt function as the function _old_fish_prompt
+    functions -c fish_prompt _old_fish_prompt
+
+    # with the original prompt function renamed, we can override with our own.
+    function fish_prompt
+        # Save the return status of the last command
+        set -l old_status $status
+
+        # Prompt override?
+        if test -n "(venv) "
+            printf "%s%s" "(venv) " (set_color normal)
+        else
+            # ...Otherwise, prepend env
+            set -l _checkbase (basename "$VIRTUAL_ENV")
+            if test $_checkbase = "__"
+                # special case for Aspen magic directories
+                # see http://www.zetadev.com/software/aspen/
+                printf "%s[%s]%s " (set_color -b blue white) (basename (dirname "$VIRTUAL_ENV")) (set_color normal)
+            else
+                printf "%s(%s)%s" (set_color -b blue white) (basename "$VIRTUAL_ENV") (set_color normal)
+            end
+        end
+
+        # Restore the return status of the previous command.
+        echo "exit $old_status" | .
+        _old_fish_prompt
+    end
+
+    set -gx _OLD_FISH_PROMPT_OVERRIDE "$VIRTUAL_ENV"
+end
diff --git a/venv/bin/browse b/venv/bin/browse
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..45b7ab6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/browse
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/home/pi/pyBridge/venv/bin/python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+
+from easydev.browser import main
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/venv/bin/easy_install b/venv/bin/easy_install
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e47864b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/easy_install
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/home/pi/pyBridge/venv/bin/python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+
+from setuptools.command.easy_install import main
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/venv/bin/easy_install-3.7 b/venv/bin/easy_install-3.7
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e47864b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/easy_install-3.7
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/home/pi/pyBridge/venv/bin/python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+
+from setuptools.command.easy_install import main
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/venv/bin/flask b/venv/bin/flask
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a60d54d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/flask
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/home/pi/pyBridge/venv/bin/python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+
+from flask.cli import main
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/venv/bin/pip b/venv/bin/pip
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..068feed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/pip
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/home/pi/pyBridge/venv/bin/python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+
+from pip._internal import main
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/venv/bin/pip3 b/venv/bin/pip3
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..068feed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/pip3
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/home/pi/pyBridge/venv/bin/python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+
+from pip._internal import main
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/venv/bin/pip3.7 b/venv/bin/pip3.7
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..068feed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/pip3.7
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/home/pi/pyBridge/venv/bin/python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+
+from pip._internal import main
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/venv/bin/pyserial-miniterm b/venv/bin/pyserial-miniterm
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6cfb9ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/pyserial-miniterm
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/home/pi/pyBridge/venv/bin/python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+
+from serial.tools.miniterm import main
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/venv/bin/pyserial-ports b/venv/bin/pyserial-ports
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4dbcd4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/pyserial-ports
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/home/pi/pyBridge/venv/bin/python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+
+from serial.tools.list_ports import main
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/venv/bin/python b/venv/bin/python
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..b8a0adb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/python
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+python3
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/venv/bin/python3 b/venv/bin/python3
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..ae65fda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/bin/python3
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/usr/bin/python3
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.rst b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d227a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Copyright 2010 Pallets
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+3.  Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+    this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aaf27ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: Flask
+Version: 2.0.2
+Summary: A simple framework for building complex web applications.
+Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/flask
+Author: Armin Ronacher
+Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
+Maintainer: Pallets
+Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
+License: BSD-3-Clause
+Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://flask.palletsprojects.com/
+Project-URL: Changes, https://flask.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/flask/
+Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/flask/issues/
+Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
+Classifier: Framework :: Flask
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: Dynamic Content
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: WSGI
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: WSGI :: Application
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Application Frameworks
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+License-File: LICENSE.rst
+Requires-Dist: Werkzeug (>=2.0)
+Requires-Dist: Jinja2 (>=3.0)
+Requires-Dist: itsdangerous (>=2.0)
+Requires-Dist: click (>=7.1.2)
+Provides-Extra: async
+Requires-Dist: asgiref (>=3.2) ; extra == 'async'
+Provides-Extra: dotenv
+Requires-Dist: python-dotenv ; extra == 'dotenv'
+
+Flask
+=====
+
+Flask is a lightweight `WSGI`_ web application framework. It is designed
+to make getting started quick and easy, with the ability to scale up to
+complex applications. It began as a simple wrapper around `Werkzeug`_
+and `Jinja`_ and has become one of the most popular Python web
+application frameworks.
+
+Flask offers suggestions, but doesn't enforce any dependencies or
+project layout. It is up to the developer to choose the tools and
+libraries they want to use. There are many extensions provided by the
+community that make adding new functionality easy.
+
+.. _WSGI: https://wsgi.readthedocs.io/
+.. _Werkzeug: https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/
+.. _Jinja: https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/
+
+
+Installing
+----------
+
+Install and update using `pip`_:
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+    $ pip install -U Flask
+
+.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/getting-started/
+
+
+A Simple Example
+----------------
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    # save this as app.py
+    from flask import Flask
+
+    app = Flask(__name__)
+
+    @app.route("/")
+    def hello():
+        return "Hello, World!"
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+    $ flask run
+      * Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
+
+
+Contributing
+------------
+
+For guidance on setting up a development environment and how to make a
+contribution to Flask, see the `contributing guidelines`_.
+
+.. _contributing guidelines: https://github.com/pallets/flask/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.rst
+
+
+Donate
+------
+
+The Pallets organization develops and supports Flask and the libraries
+it uses. In order to grow the community of contributors and users, and
+allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects, `please
+donate today`_.
+
+.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+
+
+Links
+-----
+
+-   Documentation: https://flask.palletsprojects.com/
+-   Changes: https://flask.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+-   PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/Flask/
+-   Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/flask/
+-   Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/flask/issues/
+-   Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/flask/
+-   Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+-   Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33494da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+../../../bin/flask,sha256=81CaA_qraorrnJWWXc9NxL3QY3UfY2AExyggcY_U5UE,229
+Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.rst,sha256=SJqOEQhQntmKN7uYPhHg9-HTHwvY-Zp5yESOf_N9B-o,1475
+Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=aKsvjFA_ZjZN1jLh1Ac3aQk-ZUZDPrrwo_TGYW1kdAQ,3839
+Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/RECORD,,
+Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ewwEueio1C2XeHTvT17n8dZUJgOvyCWCt0WVNLClP9o,92
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bad85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1eb0252
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[console_scripts]
+flask = flask.cli:main
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e10602
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Flask-2.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+flask
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.rst b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c37cae4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Copyright 2007 Pallets
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+3.  Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+    this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..274e91c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: Jinja2
+Version: 3.0.2
+Summary: A very fast and expressive template engine.
+Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/jinja/
+Author: Armin Ronacher
+Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
+Maintainer: Pallets
+Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
+License: BSD-3-Clause
+Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/
+Project-URL: Changes, https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/jinja/
+Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/jinja/issues/
+Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: Dynamic Content
+Classifier: Topic :: Text Processing :: Markup :: HTML
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+License-File: LICENSE.rst
+Requires-Dist: MarkupSafe (>=2.0)
+Provides-Extra: i18n
+Requires-Dist: Babel (>=2.7) ; extra == 'i18n'
+
+Jinja
+=====
+
+Jinja is a fast, expressive, extensible templating engine. Special
+placeholders in the template allow writing code similar to Python
+syntax. Then the template is passed data to render the final document.
+
+It includes:
+
+-   Template inheritance and inclusion.
+-   Define and import macros within templates.
+-   HTML templates can use autoescaping to prevent XSS from untrusted
+    user input.
+-   A sandboxed environment can safely render untrusted templates.
+-   AsyncIO support for generating templates and calling async
+    functions.
+-   I18N support with Babel.
+-   Templates are compiled to optimized Python code just-in-time and
+    cached, or can be compiled ahead-of-time.
+-   Exceptions point to the correct line in templates to make debugging
+    easier.
+-   Extensible filters, tests, functions, and even syntax.
+
+Jinja's philosophy is that while application logic belongs in Python if
+possible, it shouldn't make the template designer's job difficult by
+restricting functionality too much.
+
+
+Installing
+----------
+
+Install and update using `pip`_:
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+    $ pip install -U Jinja2
+
+.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/getting-started/
+
+
+In A Nutshell
+-------------
+
+.. code-block:: jinja
+
+    {% extends "base.html" %}
+    {% block title %}Members{% endblock %}
+    {% block content %}
+      <ul>
+      {% for user in users %}
+        <li><a href="{{ user.url }}">{{ user.username }}</a></li>
+      {% endfor %}
+      </ul>
+    {% endblock %}
+
+
+Donate
+------
+
+The Pallets organization develops and supports Jinja and other popular
+packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and users, and
+allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects, `please
+donate today`_.
+
+.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+
+
+Links
+-----
+
+-   Documentation: https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/
+-   Changes: https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+-   PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/Jinja2/
+-   Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/jinja/
+-   Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/jinja/issues/
+-   Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/jinja/
+-   Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+-   Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..653ca77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bad85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3619483
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[babel.extractors]
+jinja2 = jinja2.ext:babel_extract [i18n]
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f7afbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Jinja2-3.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+jinja2
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d227a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Copyright 2010 Pallets
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+3.  Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+    this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef44e2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: MarkupSafe
+Version: 2.0.1
+Summary: Safely add untrusted strings to HTML/XML markup.
+Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/markupsafe/
+Author: Armin Ronacher
+Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
+Maintainer: Pallets
+Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
+License: BSD-3-Clause
+Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/
+Project-URL: Changes, https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe/
+Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe/issues/
+Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: Dynamic Content
+Classifier: Topic :: Text Processing :: Markup :: HTML
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+
+MarkupSafe
+==========
+
+MarkupSafe implements a text object that escapes characters so it is
+safe to use in HTML and XML. Characters that have special meanings are
+replaced so that they display as the actual characters. This mitigates
+injection attacks, meaning untrusted user input can safely be displayed
+on a page.
+
+
+Installing
+----------
+
+Install and update using `pip`_:
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+    pip install -U MarkupSafe
+
+.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/quickstart/
+
+
+Examples
+--------
+
+.. code-block:: pycon
+
+    >>> from markupsafe import Markup, escape
+
+    >>> # escape replaces special characters and wraps in Markup
+    >>> escape("<script>alert(document.cookie);</script>")
+    Markup('&lt;script&gt;alert(document.cookie);&lt;/script&gt;')
+
+    >>> # wrap in Markup to mark text "safe" and prevent escaping
+    >>> Markup("<strong>Hello</strong>")
+    Markup('<strong>hello</strong>')
+
+    >>> escape(Markup("<strong>Hello</strong>"))
+    Markup('<strong>hello</strong>')
+
+    >>> # Markup is a str subclass
+    >>> # methods and operators escape their arguments
+    >>> template = Markup("Hello <em>{name}</em>")
+    >>> template.format(name='"World"')
+    Markup('Hello <em>&#34;World&#34;</em>')
+
+
+Donate
+------
+
+The Pallets organization develops and supports MarkupSafe and other
+popular packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and
+users, and allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects,
+`please donate today`_.
+
+.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+
+
+Links
+-----
+
+-   Documentation: https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/
+-   Changes: https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+-   PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/MarkupSafe/
+-   Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe/
+-   Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/markupsafe/issues/
+-   Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/markupsafe/
+-   Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+-   Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..867749e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
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+MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst,sha256=SJqOEQhQntmKN7uYPhHg9-HTHwvY-Zp5yESOf_N9B-o,1475
+MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=FmPpxBdaqCCjF-XKqoxeEzqAzhetQnrkkSsd3V3X-Jc,3211
+MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/RECORD,,
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+markupsafe/__init__.py,sha256=9Tez4UIlI7J6_sQcUFK1dKniT_b_8YefpGIyYJ3Sr2Q,8923
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+markupsafe/__pycache__/_native.cpython-37.pyc,,
+markupsafe/_native.py,sha256=GTKEV-bWgZuSjklhMHOYRHU9k0DMewTf5mVEZfkbuns,1986
+markupsafe/_speedups.c,sha256=CDDtwaV21D2nYtypnMQzxvvpZpcTvIs8OZ6KDa1g4t0,7400
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+markupsafe/_speedups.pyi,sha256=vfMCsOgbAXRNLUXkyuyonG8uEWKYU4PDqNuMaDELAYw,229
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a194ea7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.32.3)
+Root-Is-Purelib: false
+Tag: cp37-cp37m-linux_armv7l
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75bf729
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MarkupSafe-2.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+markupsafe
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.rst b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c37cae4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Copyright 2007 Pallets
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+3.  Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+    this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b58b9bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: Werkzeug
+Version: 2.0.2
+Summary: The comprehensive WSGI web application library.
+Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/werkzeug/
+Author: Armin Ronacher
+Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
+Maintainer: Pallets
+Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
+License: BSD-3-Clause
+Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/
+Project-URL: Changes, https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/
+Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/issues/
+Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Web Environment
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: Dynamic Content
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: WSGI
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: WSGI :: Application
+Classifier: Topic :: Internet :: WWW/HTTP :: WSGI :: Middleware
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Application Frameworks
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+License-File: LICENSE.rst
+Requires-Dist: dataclasses ; python_version < "3.7"
+Provides-Extra: watchdog
+Requires-Dist: watchdog ; extra == 'watchdog'
+
+Werkzeug
+========
+
+*werkzeug* German noun: "tool". Etymology: *werk* ("work"), *zeug* ("stuff")
+
+Werkzeug is a comprehensive `WSGI`_ web application library. It began as
+a simple collection of various utilities for WSGI applications and has
+become one of the most advanced WSGI utility libraries.
+
+It includes:
+
+-   An interactive debugger that allows inspecting stack traces and
+    source code in the browser with an interactive interpreter for any
+    frame in the stack.
+-   A full-featured request object with objects to interact with
+    headers, query args, form data, files, and cookies.
+-   A response object that can wrap other WSGI applications and handle
+    streaming data.
+-   A routing system for matching URLs to endpoints and generating URLs
+    for endpoints, with an extensible system for capturing variables
+    from URLs.
+-   HTTP utilities to handle entity tags, cache control, dates, user
+    agents, cookies, files, and more.
+-   A threaded WSGI server for use while developing applications
+    locally.
+-   A test client for simulating HTTP requests during testing without
+    requiring running a server.
+
+Werkzeug doesn't enforce any dependencies. It is up to the developer to
+choose a template engine, database adapter, and even how to handle
+requests. It can be used to build all sorts of end user applications
+such as blogs, wikis, or bulletin boards.
+
+`Flask`_ wraps Werkzeug, using it to handle the details of WSGI while
+providing more structure and patterns for defining powerful
+applications.
+
+.. _WSGI: https://wsgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+.. _Flask: https://www.palletsprojects.com/p/flask/
+
+
+Installing
+----------
+
+Install and update using `pip`_:
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+    pip install -U Werkzeug
+
+.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/getting-started/
+
+
+A Simple Example
+----------------
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from werkzeug.wrappers import Request, Response
+
+    @Request.application
+    def application(request):
+        return Response('Hello, World!')
+
+    if __name__ == '__main__':
+        from werkzeug.serving import run_simple
+        run_simple('localhost', 4000, application)
+
+
+Donate
+------
+
+The Pallets organization develops and supports Werkzeug and other
+popular packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and
+users, and allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects,
+`please donate today`_.
+
+.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+
+
+Links
+-----
+
+-   Documentation: https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/
+-   Changes: https://werkzeug.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+-   PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/Werkzeug/
+-   Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/
+-   Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/issues/
+-   Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/werkzeug/
+-   Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+-   Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/Werkzeug-2.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbc40eb
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/LICENSE.rst b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d12a849
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Copyright 2014 Pallets
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+3.  Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+    this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c8da01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: click
+Version: 8.0.3
+Summary: Composable command line interface toolkit
+Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/click/
+Author: Armin Ronacher
+Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
+Maintainer: Pallets
+Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
+License: BSD-3-Clause
+Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://click.palletsprojects.com/
+Project-URL: Changes, https://click.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/click/
+Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/click/issues/
+Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+License-File: LICENSE.rst
+Requires-Dist: colorama ; platform_system == "Windows"
+Requires-Dist: importlib-metadata ; python_version < "3.8"
+
+\$ click\_
+==========
+
+Click is a Python package for creating beautiful command line interfaces
+in a composable way with as little code as necessary. It's the "Command
+Line Interface Creation Kit". It's highly configurable but comes with
+sensible defaults out of the box.
+
+It aims to make the process of writing command line tools quick and fun
+while also preventing any frustration caused by the inability to
+implement an intended CLI API.
+
+Click in three points:
+
+-   Arbitrary nesting of commands
+-   Automatic help page generation
+-   Supports lazy loading of subcommands at runtime
+
+
+Installing
+----------
+
+Install and update using `pip`_:
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+    $ pip install -U click
+
+.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/getting-started/
+
+
+A Simple Example
+----------------
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    import click
+
+    @click.command()
+    @click.option("--count", default=1, help="Number of greetings.")
+    @click.option("--name", prompt="Your name", help="The person to greet.")
+    def hello(count, name):
+        """Simple program that greets NAME for a total of COUNT times."""
+        for _ in range(count):
+            click.echo(f"Hello, {name}!")
+
+    if __name__ == '__main__':
+        hello()
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+    $ python hello.py --count=3
+    Your name: Click
+    Hello, Click!
+    Hello, Click!
+    Hello, Click!
+
+
+Donate
+------
+
+The Pallets organization develops and supports Click and other popular
+packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and users, and
+allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects, `please
+donate today`_.
+
+.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+
+
+Links
+-----
+
+-   Documentation: https://click.palletsprojects.com/
+-   Changes: https://click.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+-   PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/click/
+-   Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/click
+-   Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/click/issues
+-   Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/click
+-   Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+-   Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets
+
+
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click-8.0.3.dist-info/top_level.txt
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+click
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2ed5d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+"""
+Click is a simple Python module inspired by the stdlib optparse to make
+writing command line scripts fun. Unlike other modules, it's based
+around a simple API that does not come with too much magic and is
+composable.
+"""
+from .core import Argument as Argument
+from .core import BaseCommand as BaseCommand
+from .core import Command as Command
+from .core import CommandCollection as CommandCollection
+from .core import Context as Context
+from .core import Group as Group
+from .core import MultiCommand as MultiCommand
+from .core import Option as Option
+from .core import Parameter as Parameter
+from .decorators import argument as argument
+from .decorators import command as command
+from .decorators import confirmation_option as confirmation_option
+from .decorators import group as group
+from .decorators import help_option as help_option
+from .decorators import make_pass_decorator as make_pass_decorator
+from .decorators import option as option
+from .decorators import pass_context as pass_context
+from .decorators import pass_obj as pass_obj
+from .decorators import password_option as password_option
+from .decorators import version_option as version_option
+from .exceptions import Abort as Abort
+from .exceptions import BadArgumentUsage as BadArgumentUsage
+from .exceptions import BadOptionUsage as BadOptionUsage
+from .exceptions import BadParameter as BadParameter
+from .exceptions import ClickException as ClickException
+from .exceptions import FileError as FileError
+from .exceptions import MissingParameter as MissingParameter
+from .exceptions import NoSuchOption as NoSuchOption
+from .exceptions import UsageError as UsageError
+from .formatting import HelpFormatter as HelpFormatter
+from .formatting import wrap_text as wrap_text
+from .globals import get_current_context as get_current_context
+from .parser import OptionParser as OptionParser
+from .termui import clear as clear
+from .termui import confirm as confirm
+from .termui import echo_via_pager as echo_via_pager
+from .termui import edit as edit
+from .termui import get_terminal_size as get_terminal_size
+from .termui import getchar as getchar
+from .termui import launch as launch
+from .termui import pause as pause
+from .termui import progressbar as progressbar
+from .termui import prompt as prompt
+from .termui import secho as secho
+from .termui import style as style
+from .termui import unstyle as unstyle
+from .types import BOOL as BOOL
+from .types import Choice as Choice
+from .types import DateTime as DateTime
+from .types import File as File
+from .types import FLOAT as FLOAT
+from .types import FloatRange as FloatRange
+from .types import INT as INT
+from .types import IntRange as IntRange
+from .types import ParamType as ParamType
+from .types import Path as Path
+from .types import STRING as STRING
+from .types import Tuple as Tuple
+from .types import UNPROCESSED as UNPROCESSED
+from .types import UUID as UUID
+from .utils import echo as echo
+from .utils import format_filename as format_filename
+from .utils import get_app_dir as get_app_dir
+from .utils import get_binary_stream as get_binary_stream
+from .utils import get_os_args as get_os_args
+from .utils import get_text_stream as get_text_stream
+from .utils import open_file as open_file
+
+__version__ = "8.0.3"
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new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9e1f0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,627 @@
+import codecs
+import io
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary
+
+CYGWIN = sys.platform.startswith("cygwin")
+MSYS2 = sys.platform.startswith("win") and ("GCC" in sys.version)
+# Determine local App Engine environment, per Google's own suggestion
+APP_ENGINE = "APPENGINE_RUNTIME" in os.environ and "Development/" in os.environ.get(
+    "SERVER_SOFTWARE", ""
+)
+WIN = sys.platform.startswith("win") and not APP_ENGINE and not MSYS2
+auto_wrap_for_ansi: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.TextIO], t.TextIO]] = None
+_ansi_re = re.compile(r"\033\[[;?0-9]*[a-zA-Z]")
+
+
+def get_filesystem_encoding() -> str:
+    return sys.getfilesystemencoding() or sys.getdefaultencoding()
+
+
+def _make_text_stream(
+    stream: t.BinaryIO,
+    encoding: t.Optional[str],
+    errors: t.Optional[str],
+    force_readable: bool = False,
+    force_writable: bool = False,
+) -> t.TextIO:
+    if encoding is None:
+        encoding = get_best_encoding(stream)
+    if errors is None:
+        errors = "replace"
+    return _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
+        stream,
+        encoding,
+        errors,
+        line_buffering=True,
+        force_readable=force_readable,
+        force_writable=force_writable,
+    )
+
+
+def is_ascii_encoding(encoding: str) -> bool:
+    """Checks if a given encoding is ascii."""
+    try:
+        return codecs.lookup(encoding).name == "ascii"
+    except LookupError:
+        return False
+
+
+def get_best_encoding(stream: t.IO) -> str:
+    """Returns the default stream encoding if not found."""
+    rv = getattr(stream, "encoding", None) or sys.getdefaultencoding()
+    if is_ascii_encoding(rv):
+        return "utf-8"
+    return rv
+
+
+class _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(io.TextIOWrapper):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        stream: t.BinaryIO,
+        encoding: t.Optional[str],
+        errors: t.Optional[str],
+        force_readable: bool = False,
+        force_writable: bool = False,
+        **extra: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._stream = stream = t.cast(
+            t.BinaryIO, _FixupStream(stream, force_readable, force_writable)
+        )
+        super().__init__(stream, encoding, errors, **extra)
+
+    def __del__(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.detach()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    def isatty(self) -> bool:
+        # https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/issue/1803
+        return self._stream.isatty()
+
+
+class _FixupStream:
+    """The new io interface needs more from streams than streams
+    traditionally implement.  As such, this fix-up code is necessary in
+    some circumstances.
+
+    The forcing of readable and writable flags are there because some tools
+    put badly patched objects on sys (one such offender are certain version
+    of jupyter notebook).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        stream: t.BinaryIO,
+        force_readable: bool = False,
+        force_writable: bool = False,
+    ):
+        self._stream = stream
+        self._force_readable = force_readable
+        self._force_writable = force_writable
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        return getattr(self._stream, name)
+
+    def read1(self, size: int) -> bytes:
+        f = getattr(self._stream, "read1", None)
+
+        if f is not None:
+            return t.cast(bytes, f(size))
+
+        return self._stream.read(size)
+
+    def readable(self) -> bool:
+        if self._force_readable:
+            return True
+        x = getattr(self._stream, "readable", None)
+        if x is not None:
+            return t.cast(bool, x())
+        try:
+            self._stream.read(0)
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def writable(self) -> bool:
+        if self._force_writable:
+            return True
+        x = getattr(self._stream, "writable", None)
+        if x is not None:
+            return t.cast(bool, x())
+        try:
+            self._stream.write("")  # type: ignore
+        except Exception:
+            try:
+                self._stream.write(b"")
+            except Exception:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    def seekable(self) -> bool:
+        x = getattr(self._stream, "seekable", None)
+        if x is not None:
+            return t.cast(bool, x())
+        try:
+            self._stream.seek(self._stream.tell())
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+
+def _is_binary_reader(stream: t.IO, default: bool = False) -> bool:
+    try:
+        return isinstance(stream.read(0), bytes)
+    except Exception:
+        return default
+        # This happens in some cases where the stream was already
+        # closed.  In this case, we assume the default.
+
+
+def _is_binary_writer(stream: t.IO, default: bool = False) -> bool:
+    try:
+        stream.write(b"")
+    except Exception:
+        try:
+            stream.write("")
+            return False
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        return default
+    return True
+
+
+def _find_binary_reader(stream: t.IO) -> t.Optional[t.BinaryIO]:
+    # We need to figure out if the given stream is already binary.
+    # This can happen because the official docs recommend detaching
+    # the streams to get binary streams.  Some code might do this, so
+    # we need to deal with this case explicitly.
+    if _is_binary_reader(stream, False):
+        return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, stream)
+
+    buf = getattr(stream, "buffer", None)
+
+    # Same situation here; this time we assume that the buffer is
+    # actually binary in case it's closed.
+    if buf is not None and _is_binary_reader(buf, True):
+        return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, buf)
+
+    return None
+
+
+def _find_binary_writer(stream: t.IO) -> t.Optional[t.BinaryIO]:
+    # We need to figure out if the given stream is already binary.
+    # This can happen because the official docs recommend detaching
+    # the streams to get binary streams.  Some code might do this, so
+    # we need to deal with this case explicitly.
+    if _is_binary_writer(stream, False):
+        return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, stream)
+
+    buf = getattr(stream, "buffer", None)
+
+    # Same situation here; this time we assume that the buffer is
+    # actually binary in case it's closed.
+    if buf is not None and _is_binary_writer(buf, True):
+        return t.cast(t.BinaryIO, buf)
+
+    return None
+
+
+def _stream_is_misconfigured(stream: t.TextIO) -> bool:
+    """A stream is misconfigured if its encoding is ASCII."""
+    # If the stream does not have an encoding set, we assume it's set
+    # to ASCII.  This appears to happen in certain unittest
+    # environments.  It's not quite clear what the correct behavior is
+    # but this at least will force Click to recover somehow.
+    return is_ascii_encoding(getattr(stream, "encoding", None) or "ascii")
+
+
+def _is_compat_stream_attr(stream: t.TextIO, attr: str, value: t.Optional[str]) -> bool:
+    """A stream attribute is compatible if it is equal to the
+    desired value or the desired value is unset and the attribute
+    has a value.
+    """
+    stream_value = getattr(stream, attr, None)
+    return stream_value == value or (value is None and stream_value is not None)
+
+
+def _is_compatible_text_stream(
+    stream: t.TextIO, encoding: t.Optional[str], errors: t.Optional[str]
+) -> bool:
+    """Check if a stream's encoding and errors attributes are
+    compatible with the desired values.
+    """
+    return _is_compat_stream_attr(
+        stream, "encoding", encoding
+    ) and _is_compat_stream_attr(stream, "errors", errors)
+
+
+def _force_correct_text_stream(
+    text_stream: t.IO,
+    encoding: t.Optional[str],
+    errors: t.Optional[str],
+    is_binary: t.Callable[[t.IO, bool], bool],
+    find_binary: t.Callable[[t.IO], t.Optional[t.BinaryIO]],
+    force_readable: bool = False,
+    force_writable: bool = False,
+) -> t.TextIO:
+    if is_binary(text_stream, False):
+        binary_reader = t.cast(t.BinaryIO, text_stream)
+    else:
+        text_stream = t.cast(t.TextIO, text_stream)
+        # If the stream looks compatible, and won't default to a
+        # misconfigured ascii encoding, return it as-is.
+        if _is_compatible_text_stream(text_stream, encoding, errors) and not (
+            encoding is None and _stream_is_misconfigured(text_stream)
+        ):
+            return text_stream
+
+        # Otherwise, get the underlying binary reader.
+        possible_binary_reader = find_binary(text_stream)
+
+        # If that's not possible, silently use the original reader
+        # and get mojibake instead of exceptions.
+        if possible_binary_reader is None:
+            return text_stream
+
+        binary_reader = possible_binary_reader
+
+    # Default errors to replace instead of strict in order to get
+    # something that works.
+    if errors is None:
+        errors = "replace"
+
+    # Wrap the binary stream in a text stream with the correct
+    # encoding parameters.
+    return _make_text_stream(
+        binary_reader,
+        encoding,
+        errors,
+        force_readable=force_readable,
+        force_writable=force_writable,
+    )
+
+
+def _force_correct_text_reader(
+    text_reader: t.IO,
+    encoding: t.Optional[str],
+    errors: t.Optional[str],
+    force_readable: bool = False,
+) -> t.TextIO:
+    return _force_correct_text_stream(
+        text_reader,
+        encoding,
+        errors,
+        _is_binary_reader,
+        _find_binary_reader,
+        force_readable=force_readable,
+    )
+
+
+def _force_correct_text_writer(
+    text_writer: t.IO,
+    encoding: t.Optional[str],
+    errors: t.Optional[str],
+    force_writable: bool = False,
+) -> t.TextIO:
+    return _force_correct_text_stream(
+        text_writer,
+        encoding,
+        errors,
+        _is_binary_writer,
+        _find_binary_writer,
+        force_writable=force_writable,
+    )
+
+
+def get_binary_stdin() -> t.BinaryIO:
+    reader = _find_binary_reader(sys.stdin)
+    if reader is None:
+        raise RuntimeError("Was not able to determine binary stream for sys.stdin.")
+    return reader
+
+
+def get_binary_stdout() -> t.BinaryIO:
+    writer = _find_binary_writer(sys.stdout)
+    if writer is None:
+        raise RuntimeError("Was not able to determine binary stream for sys.stdout.")
+    return writer
+
+
+def get_binary_stderr() -> t.BinaryIO:
+    writer = _find_binary_writer(sys.stderr)
+    if writer is None:
+        raise RuntimeError("Was not able to determine binary stream for sys.stderr.")
+    return writer
+
+
+def get_text_stdin(
+    encoding: t.Optional[str] = None, errors: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> t.TextIO:
+    rv = _get_windows_console_stream(sys.stdin, encoding, errors)
+    if rv is not None:
+        return rv
+    return _force_correct_text_reader(sys.stdin, encoding, errors, force_readable=True)
+
+
+def get_text_stdout(
+    encoding: t.Optional[str] = None, errors: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> t.TextIO:
+    rv = _get_windows_console_stream(sys.stdout, encoding, errors)
+    if rv is not None:
+        return rv
+    return _force_correct_text_writer(sys.stdout, encoding, errors, force_writable=True)
+
+
+def get_text_stderr(
+    encoding: t.Optional[str] = None, errors: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> t.TextIO:
+    rv = _get_windows_console_stream(sys.stderr, encoding, errors)
+    if rv is not None:
+        return rv
+    return _force_correct_text_writer(sys.stderr, encoding, errors, force_writable=True)
+
+
+def _wrap_io_open(
+    file: t.Union[str, os.PathLike, int],
+    mode: str,
+    encoding: t.Optional[str],
+    errors: t.Optional[str],
+) -> t.IO:
+    """Handles not passing ``encoding`` and ``errors`` in binary mode."""
+    if "b" in mode:
+        return open(file, mode)
+
+    return open(file, mode, encoding=encoding, errors=errors)
+
+
+def open_stream(
+    filename: str,
+    mode: str = "r",
+    encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+    atomic: bool = False,
+) -> t.Tuple[t.IO, bool]:
+    binary = "b" in mode
+
+    # Standard streams first.  These are simple because they don't need
+    # special handling for the atomic flag.  It's entirely ignored.
+    if filename == "-":
+        if any(m in mode for m in ["w", "a", "x"]):
+            if binary:
+                return get_binary_stdout(), False
+            return get_text_stdout(encoding=encoding, errors=errors), False
+        if binary:
+            return get_binary_stdin(), False
+        return get_text_stdin(encoding=encoding, errors=errors), False
+
+    # Non-atomic writes directly go out through the regular open functions.
+    if not atomic:
+        return _wrap_io_open(filename, mode, encoding, errors), True
+
+    # Some usability stuff for atomic writes
+    if "a" in mode:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "Appending to an existing file is not supported, because that"
+            " would involve an expensive `copy`-operation to a temporary"
+            " file. Open the file in normal `w`-mode and copy explicitly"
+            " if that's what you're after."
+        )
+    if "x" in mode:
+        raise ValueError("Use the `overwrite`-parameter instead.")
+    if "w" not in mode:
+        raise ValueError("Atomic writes only make sense with `w`-mode.")
+
+    # Atomic writes are more complicated.  They work by opening a file
+    # as a proxy in the same folder and then using the fdopen
+    # functionality to wrap it in a Python file.  Then we wrap it in an
+    # atomic file that moves the file over on close.
+    import errno
+    import random
+
+    try:
+        perm: t.Optional[int] = os.stat(filename).st_mode
+    except OSError:
+        perm = None
+
+    flags = os.O_RDWR | os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL
+
+    if binary:
+        flags |= getattr(os, "O_BINARY", 0)
+
+    while True:
+        tmp_filename = os.path.join(
+            os.path.dirname(filename),
+            f".__atomic-write{random.randrange(1 << 32):08x}",
+        )
+        try:
+            fd = os.open(tmp_filename, flags, 0o666 if perm is None else perm)
+            break
+        except OSError as e:
+            if e.errno == errno.EEXIST or (
+                os.name == "nt"
+                and e.errno == errno.EACCES
+                and os.path.isdir(e.filename)
+                and os.access(e.filename, os.W_OK)
+            ):
+                continue
+            raise
+
+    if perm is not None:
+        os.chmod(tmp_filename, perm)  # in case perm includes bits in umask
+
+    f = _wrap_io_open(fd, mode, encoding, errors)
+    af = _AtomicFile(f, tmp_filename, os.path.realpath(filename))
+    return t.cast(t.IO, af), True
+
+
+class _AtomicFile:
+    def __init__(self, f: t.IO, tmp_filename: str, real_filename: str) -> None:
+        self._f = f
+        self._tmp_filename = tmp_filename
+        self._real_filename = real_filename
+        self.closed = False
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return self._real_filename
+
+    def close(self, delete: bool = False) -> None:
+        if self.closed:
+            return
+        self._f.close()
+        os.replace(self._tmp_filename, self._real_filename)
+        self.closed = True
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        return getattr(self._f, name)
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "_AtomicFile":
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb):  # type: ignore
+        self.close(delete=exc_type is not None)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return repr(self._f)
+
+
+def strip_ansi(value: str) -> str:
+    return _ansi_re.sub("", value)
+
+
+def _is_jupyter_kernel_output(stream: t.IO) -> bool:
+    while isinstance(stream, (_FixupStream, _NonClosingTextIOWrapper)):
+        stream = stream._stream
+
+    return stream.__class__.__module__.startswith("ipykernel.")
+
+
+def should_strip_ansi(
+    stream: t.Optional[t.IO] = None, color: t.Optional[bool] = None
+) -> bool:
+    if color is None:
+        if stream is None:
+            stream = sys.stdin
+        return not isatty(stream) and not _is_jupyter_kernel_output(stream)
+    return not color
+
+
+# On Windows, wrap the output streams with colorama to support ANSI
+# color codes.
+# NOTE: double check is needed so mypy does not analyze this on Linux
+if sys.platform.startswith("win") and WIN:
+    from ._winconsole import _get_windows_console_stream
+
+    def _get_argv_encoding() -> str:
+        import locale
+
+        return locale.getpreferredencoding()
+
+    _ansi_stream_wrappers: t.MutableMapping[t.TextIO, t.TextIO] = WeakKeyDictionary()
+
+    def auto_wrap_for_ansi(
+        stream: t.TextIO, color: t.Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> t.TextIO:
+        """Support ANSI color and style codes on Windows by wrapping a
+        stream with colorama.
+        """
+        try:
+            cached = _ansi_stream_wrappers.get(stream)
+        except Exception:
+            cached = None
+
+        if cached is not None:
+            return cached
+
+        import colorama
+
+        strip = should_strip_ansi(stream, color)
+        ansi_wrapper = colorama.AnsiToWin32(stream, strip=strip)
+        rv = t.cast(t.TextIO, ansi_wrapper.stream)
+        _write = rv.write
+
+        def _safe_write(s):
+            try:
+                return _write(s)
+            except BaseException:
+                ansi_wrapper.reset_all()
+                raise
+
+        rv.write = _safe_write
+
+        try:
+            _ansi_stream_wrappers[stream] = rv
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        return rv
+
+
+else:
+
+    def _get_argv_encoding() -> str:
+        return getattr(sys.stdin, "encoding", None) or get_filesystem_encoding()
+
+    def _get_windows_console_stream(
+        f: t.TextIO, encoding: t.Optional[str], errors: t.Optional[str]
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.TextIO]:
+        return None
+
+
+def term_len(x: str) -> int:
+    return len(strip_ansi(x))
+
+
+def isatty(stream: t.IO) -> bool:
+    try:
+        return stream.isatty()
+    except Exception:
+        return False
+
+
+def _make_cached_stream_func(
+    src_func: t.Callable[[], t.TextIO], wrapper_func: t.Callable[[], t.TextIO]
+) -> t.Callable[[], t.TextIO]:
+    cache: t.MutableMapping[t.TextIO, t.TextIO] = WeakKeyDictionary()
+
+    def func() -> t.TextIO:
+        stream = src_func()
+        try:
+            rv = cache.get(stream)
+        except Exception:
+            rv = None
+        if rv is not None:
+            return rv
+        rv = wrapper_func()
+        try:
+            cache[stream] = rv
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        return rv
+
+    return func
+
+
+_default_text_stdin = _make_cached_stream_func(lambda: sys.stdin, get_text_stdin)
+_default_text_stdout = _make_cached_stream_func(lambda: sys.stdout, get_text_stdout)
+_default_text_stderr = _make_cached_stream_func(lambda: sys.stderr, get_text_stderr)
+
+
+binary_streams: t.Mapping[str, t.Callable[[], t.BinaryIO]] = {
+    "stdin": get_binary_stdin,
+    "stdout": get_binary_stdout,
+    "stderr": get_binary_stderr,
+}
+
+text_streams: t.Mapping[
+    str, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str]], t.TextIO]
+] = {
+    "stdin": get_text_stdin,
+    "stdout": get_text_stdout,
+    "stderr": get_text_stderr,
+}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_termui_impl.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_termui_impl.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39c1d08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_termui_impl.py
@@ -0,0 +1,718 @@
+"""
+This module contains implementations for the termui module. To keep the
+import time of Click down, some infrequently used functionality is
+placed in this module and only imported as needed.
+"""
+import contextlib
+import math
+import os
+import sys
+import time
+import typing as t
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+from ._compat import _default_text_stdout
+from ._compat import CYGWIN
+from ._compat import get_best_encoding
+from ._compat import isatty
+from ._compat import open_stream
+from ._compat import strip_ansi
+from ._compat import term_len
+from ._compat import WIN
+from .exceptions import ClickException
+from .utils import echo
+
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+if os.name == "nt":
+    BEFORE_BAR = "\r"
+    AFTER_BAR = "\n"
+else:
+    BEFORE_BAR = "\r\033[?25l"
+    AFTER_BAR = "\033[?25h\n"
+
+
+class ProgressBar(t.Generic[V]):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        iterable: t.Optional[t.Iterable[V]],
+        length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        fill_char: str = "#",
+        empty_char: str = " ",
+        bar_template: str = "%(bar)s",
+        info_sep: str = "  ",
+        show_eta: bool = True,
+        show_percent: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        show_pos: bool = False,
+        item_show_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Optional[V]], t.Optional[str]]] = None,
+        label: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        file: t.Optional[t.TextIO] = None,
+        color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        update_min_steps: int = 1,
+        width: int = 30,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.fill_char = fill_char
+        self.empty_char = empty_char
+        self.bar_template = bar_template
+        self.info_sep = info_sep
+        self.show_eta = show_eta
+        self.show_percent = show_percent
+        self.show_pos = show_pos
+        self.item_show_func = item_show_func
+        self.label = label or ""
+        if file is None:
+            file = _default_text_stdout()
+        self.file = file
+        self.color = color
+        self.update_min_steps = update_min_steps
+        self._completed_intervals = 0
+        self.width = width
+        self.autowidth = width == 0
+
+        if length is None:
+            from operator import length_hint
+
+            length = length_hint(iterable, -1)
+
+            if length == -1:
+                length = None
+        if iterable is None:
+            if length is None:
+                raise TypeError("iterable or length is required")
+            iterable = t.cast(t.Iterable[V], range(length))
+        self.iter = iter(iterable)
+        self.length = length
+        self.pos = 0
+        self.avg: t.List[float] = []
+        self.start = self.last_eta = time.time()
+        self.eta_known = False
+        self.finished = False
+        self.max_width: t.Optional[int] = None
+        self.entered = False
+        self.current_item: t.Optional[V] = None
+        self.is_hidden = not isatty(self.file)
+        self._last_line: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "ProgressBar":
+        self.entered = True
+        self.render_progress()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb):  # type: ignore
+        self.render_finish()
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[V]:
+        if not self.entered:
+            raise RuntimeError("You need to use progress bars in a with block.")
+        self.render_progress()
+        return self.generator()
+
+    def __next__(self) -> V:
+        # Iteration is defined in terms of a generator function,
+        # returned by iter(self); use that to define next(). This works
+        # because `self.iter` is an iterable consumed by that generator,
+        # so it is re-entry safe. Calling `next(self.generator())`
+        # twice works and does "what you want".
+        return next(iter(self))
+
+    def render_finish(self) -> None:
+        if self.is_hidden:
+            return
+        self.file.write(AFTER_BAR)
+        self.file.flush()
+
+    @property
+    def pct(self) -> float:
+        if self.finished:
+            return 1.0
+        return min(self.pos / (float(self.length or 1) or 1), 1.0)
+
+    @property
+    def time_per_iteration(self) -> float:
+        if not self.avg:
+            return 0.0
+        return sum(self.avg) / float(len(self.avg))
+
+    @property
+    def eta(self) -> float:
+        if self.length is not None and not self.finished:
+            return self.time_per_iteration * (self.length - self.pos)
+        return 0.0
+
+    def format_eta(self) -> str:
+        if self.eta_known:
+            t = int(self.eta)
+            seconds = t % 60
+            t //= 60
+            minutes = t % 60
+            t //= 60
+            hours = t % 24
+            t //= 24
+            if t > 0:
+                return f"{t}d {hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}"
+            else:
+                return f"{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{seconds:02}"
+        return ""
+
+    def format_pos(self) -> str:
+        pos = str(self.pos)
+        if self.length is not None:
+            pos += f"/{self.length}"
+        return pos
+
+    def format_pct(self) -> str:
+        return f"{int(self.pct * 100): 4}%"[1:]
+
+    def format_bar(self) -> str:
+        if self.length is not None:
+            bar_length = int(self.pct * self.width)
+            bar = self.fill_char * bar_length
+            bar += self.empty_char * (self.width - bar_length)
+        elif self.finished:
+            bar = self.fill_char * self.width
+        else:
+            chars = list(self.empty_char * (self.width or 1))
+            if self.time_per_iteration != 0:
+                chars[
+                    int(
+                        (math.cos(self.pos * self.time_per_iteration) / 2.0 + 0.5)
+                        * self.width
+                    )
+                ] = self.fill_char
+            bar = "".join(chars)
+        return bar
+
+    def format_progress_line(self) -> str:
+        show_percent = self.show_percent
+
+        info_bits = []
+        if self.length is not None and show_percent is None:
+            show_percent = not self.show_pos
+
+        if self.show_pos:
+            info_bits.append(self.format_pos())
+        if show_percent:
+            info_bits.append(self.format_pct())
+        if self.show_eta and self.eta_known and not self.finished:
+            info_bits.append(self.format_eta())
+        if self.item_show_func is not None:
+            item_info = self.item_show_func(self.current_item)
+            if item_info is not None:
+                info_bits.append(item_info)
+
+        return (
+            self.bar_template
+            % {
+                "label": self.label,
+                "bar": self.format_bar(),
+                "info": self.info_sep.join(info_bits),
+            }
+        ).rstrip()
+
+    def render_progress(self) -> None:
+        import shutil
+
+        if self.is_hidden:
+            # Only output the label as it changes if the output is not a
+            # TTY. Use file=stderr if you expect to be piping stdout.
+            if self._last_line != self.label:
+                self._last_line = self.label
+                echo(self.label, file=self.file, color=self.color)
+
+            return
+
+        buf = []
+        # Update width in case the terminal has been resized
+        if self.autowidth:
+            old_width = self.width
+            self.width = 0
+            clutter_length = term_len(self.format_progress_line())
+            new_width = max(0, shutil.get_terminal_size().columns - clutter_length)
+            if new_width < old_width:
+                buf.append(BEFORE_BAR)
+                buf.append(" " * self.max_width)  # type: ignore
+                self.max_width = new_width
+            self.width = new_width
+
+        clear_width = self.width
+        if self.max_width is not None:
+            clear_width = self.max_width
+
+        buf.append(BEFORE_BAR)
+        line = self.format_progress_line()
+        line_len = term_len(line)
+        if self.max_width is None or self.max_width < line_len:
+            self.max_width = line_len
+
+        buf.append(line)
+        buf.append(" " * (clear_width - line_len))
+        line = "".join(buf)
+        # Render the line only if it changed.
+
+        if line != self._last_line:
+            self._last_line = line
+            echo(line, file=self.file, color=self.color, nl=False)
+            self.file.flush()
+
+    def make_step(self, n_steps: int) -> None:
+        self.pos += n_steps
+        if self.length is not None and self.pos >= self.length:
+            self.finished = True
+
+        if (time.time() - self.last_eta) < 1.0:
+            return
+
+        self.last_eta = time.time()
+
+        # self.avg is a rolling list of length <= 7 of steps where steps are
+        # defined as time elapsed divided by the total progress through
+        # self.length.
+        if self.pos:
+            step = (time.time() - self.start) / self.pos
+        else:
+            step = time.time() - self.start
+
+        self.avg = self.avg[-6:] + [step]
+
+        self.eta_known = self.length is not None
+
+    def update(self, n_steps: int, current_item: t.Optional[V] = None) -> None:
+        """Update the progress bar by advancing a specified number of
+        steps, and optionally set the ``current_item`` for this new
+        position.
+
+        :param n_steps: Number of steps to advance.
+        :param current_item: Optional item to set as ``current_item``
+            for the updated position.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Added the ``current_item`` optional parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Only render when the number of steps meets the
+            ``update_min_steps`` threshold.
+        """
+        if current_item is not None:
+            self.current_item = current_item
+
+        self._completed_intervals += n_steps
+
+        if self._completed_intervals >= self.update_min_steps:
+            self.make_step(self._completed_intervals)
+            self.render_progress()
+            self._completed_intervals = 0
+
+    def finish(self) -> None:
+        self.eta_known = False
+        self.current_item = None
+        self.finished = True
+
+    def generator(self) -> t.Iterator[V]:
+        """Return a generator which yields the items added to the bar
+        during construction, and updates the progress bar *after* the
+        yielded block returns.
+        """
+        # WARNING: the iterator interface for `ProgressBar` relies on
+        # this and only works because this is a simple generator which
+        # doesn't create or manage additional state. If this function
+        # changes, the impact should be evaluated both against
+        # `iter(bar)` and `next(bar)`. `next()` in particular may call
+        # `self.generator()` repeatedly, and this must remain safe in
+        # order for that interface to work.
+        if not self.entered:
+            raise RuntimeError("You need to use progress bars in a with block.")
+
+        if self.is_hidden:
+            yield from self.iter
+        else:
+            for rv in self.iter:
+                self.current_item = rv
+
+                # This allows show_item_func to be updated before the
+                # item is processed. Only trigger at the beginning of
+                # the update interval.
+                if self._completed_intervals == 0:
+                    self.render_progress()
+
+                yield rv
+                self.update(1)
+
+            self.finish()
+            self.render_progress()
+
+
+def pager(generator: t.Iterable[str], color: t.Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
+    """Decide what method to use for paging through text."""
+    stdout = _default_text_stdout()
+    if not isatty(sys.stdin) or not isatty(stdout):
+        return _nullpager(stdout, generator, color)
+    pager_cmd = (os.environ.get("PAGER", None) or "").strip()
+    if pager_cmd:
+        if WIN:
+            return _tempfilepager(generator, pager_cmd, color)
+        return _pipepager(generator, pager_cmd, color)
+    if os.environ.get("TERM") in ("dumb", "emacs"):
+        return _nullpager(stdout, generator, color)
+    if WIN or sys.platform.startswith("os2"):
+        return _tempfilepager(generator, "more <", color)
+    if hasattr(os, "system") and os.system("(less) 2>/dev/null") == 0:
+        return _pipepager(generator, "less", color)
+
+    import tempfile
+
+    fd, filename = tempfile.mkstemp()
+    os.close(fd)
+    try:
+        if hasattr(os, "system") and os.system(f'more "{filename}"') == 0:
+            return _pipepager(generator, "more", color)
+        return _nullpager(stdout, generator, color)
+    finally:
+        os.unlink(filename)
+
+
+def _pipepager(generator: t.Iterable[str], cmd: str, color: t.Optional[bool]) -> None:
+    """Page through text by feeding it to another program.  Invoking a
+    pager through this might support colors.
+    """
+    import subprocess
+
+    env = dict(os.environ)
+
+    # If we're piping to less we might support colors under the
+    # condition that
+    cmd_detail = cmd.rsplit("/", 1)[-1].split()
+    if color is None and cmd_detail[0] == "less":
+        less_flags = f"{os.environ.get('LESS', '')}{' '.join(cmd_detail[1:])}"
+        if not less_flags:
+            env["LESS"] = "-R"
+            color = True
+        elif "r" in less_flags or "R" in less_flags:
+            color = True
+
+    c = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, env=env)
+    stdin = t.cast(t.BinaryIO, c.stdin)
+    encoding = get_best_encoding(stdin)
+    try:
+        for text in generator:
+            if not color:
+                text = strip_ansi(text)
+
+            stdin.write(text.encode(encoding, "replace"))
+    except (OSError, KeyboardInterrupt):
+        pass
+    else:
+        stdin.close()
+
+    # Less doesn't respect ^C, but catches it for its own UI purposes (aborting
+    # search or other commands inside less).
+    #
+    # That means when the user hits ^C, the parent process (click) terminates,
+    # but less is still alive, paging the output and messing up the terminal.
+    #
+    # If the user wants to make the pager exit on ^C, they should set
+    # `LESS='-K'`. It's not our decision to make.
+    while True:
+        try:
+            c.wait()
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            pass
+        else:
+            break
+
+
+def _tempfilepager(
+    generator: t.Iterable[str], cmd: str, color: t.Optional[bool]
+) -> None:
+    """Page through text by invoking a program on a temporary file."""
+    import tempfile
+
+    fd, filename = tempfile.mkstemp()
+    # TODO: This never terminates if the passed generator never terminates.
+    text = "".join(generator)
+    if not color:
+        text = strip_ansi(text)
+    encoding = get_best_encoding(sys.stdout)
+    with open_stream(filename, "wb")[0] as f:
+        f.write(text.encode(encoding))
+    try:
+        os.system(f'{cmd} "{filename}"')
+    finally:
+        os.close(fd)
+        os.unlink(filename)
+
+
+def _nullpager(
+    stream: t.TextIO, generator: t.Iterable[str], color: t.Optional[bool]
+) -> None:
+    """Simply print unformatted text.  This is the ultimate fallback."""
+    for text in generator:
+        if not color:
+            text = strip_ansi(text)
+        stream.write(text)
+
+
+class Editor:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        editor: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+        require_save: bool = True,
+        extension: str = ".txt",
+    ) -> None:
+        self.editor = editor
+        self.env = env
+        self.require_save = require_save
+        self.extension = extension
+
+    def get_editor(self) -> str:
+        if self.editor is not None:
+            return self.editor
+        for key in "VISUAL", "EDITOR":
+            rv = os.environ.get(key)
+            if rv:
+                return rv
+        if WIN:
+            return "notepad"
+        for editor in "sensible-editor", "vim", "nano":
+            if os.system(f"which {editor} >/dev/null 2>&1") == 0:
+                return editor
+        return "vi"
+
+    def edit_file(self, filename: str) -> None:
+        import subprocess
+
+        editor = self.get_editor()
+        environ: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, str]] = None
+
+        if self.env:
+            environ = os.environ.copy()
+            environ.update(self.env)
+
+        try:
+            c = subprocess.Popen(f'{editor} "{filename}"', env=environ, shell=True)
+            exit_code = c.wait()
+            if exit_code != 0:
+                raise ClickException(
+                    _("{editor}: Editing failed").format(editor=editor)
+                )
+        except OSError as e:
+            raise ClickException(
+                _("{editor}: Editing failed: {e}").format(editor=editor, e=e)
+            ) from e
+
+    def edit(self, text: t.Optional[t.AnyStr]) -> t.Optional[t.AnyStr]:
+        import tempfile
+
+        if not text:
+            data = b""
+        elif isinstance(text, (bytes, bytearray)):
+            data = text
+        else:
+            if text and not text.endswith("\n"):
+                text += "\n"
+
+            if WIN:
+                data = text.replace("\n", "\r\n").encode("utf-8-sig")
+            else:
+                data = text.encode("utf-8")
+
+        fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix="editor-", suffix=self.extension)
+        f: t.BinaryIO
+
+        try:
+            with os.fdopen(fd, "wb") as f:
+                f.write(data)
+
+            # If the filesystem resolution is 1 second, like Mac OS
+            # 10.12 Extended, or 2 seconds, like FAT32, and the editor
+            # closes very fast, require_save can fail. Set the modified
+            # time to be 2 seconds in the past to work around this.
+            os.utime(name, (os.path.getatime(name), os.path.getmtime(name) - 2))
+            # Depending on the resolution, the exact value might not be
+            # recorded, so get the new recorded value.
+            timestamp = os.path.getmtime(name)
+
+            self.edit_file(name)
+
+            if self.require_save and os.path.getmtime(name) == timestamp:
+                return None
+
+            with open(name, "rb") as f:
+                rv = f.read()
+
+            if isinstance(text, (bytes, bytearray)):
+                return rv
+
+            return rv.decode("utf-8-sig").replace("\r\n", "\n")  # type: ignore
+        finally:
+            os.unlink(name)
+
+
+def open_url(url: str, wait: bool = False, locate: bool = False) -> int:
+    import subprocess
+
+    def _unquote_file(url: str) -> str:
+        from urllib.parse import unquote
+
+        if url.startswith("file://"):
+            url = unquote(url[7:])
+
+        return url
+
+    if sys.platform == "darwin":
+        args = ["open"]
+        if wait:
+            args.append("-W")
+        if locate:
+            args.append("-R")
+        args.append(_unquote_file(url))
+        null = open("/dev/null", "w")
+        try:
+            return subprocess.Popen(args, stderr=null).wait()
+        finally:
+            null.close()
+    elif WIN:
+        if locate:
+            url = _unquote_file(url.replace('"', ""))
+            args = f'explorer /select,"{url}"'
+        else:
+            url = url.replace('"', "")
+            wait_str = "/WAIT" if wait else ""
+            args = f'start {wait_str} "" "{url}"'
+        return os.system(args)
+    elif CYGWIN:
+        if locate:
+            url = os.path.dirname(_unquote_file(url).replace('"', ""))
+            args = f'cygstart "{url}"'
+        else:
+            url = url.replace('"', "")
+            wait_str = "-w" if wait else ""
+            args = f'cygstart {wait_str} "{url}"'
+        return os.system(args)
+
+    try:
+        if locate:
+            url = os.path.dirname(_unquote_file(url)) or "."
+        else:
+            url = _unquote_file(url)
+        c = subprocess.Popen(["xdg-open", url])
+        if wait:
+            return c.wait()
+        return 0
+    except OSError:
+        if url.startswith(("http://", "https://")) and not locate and not wait:
+            import webbrowser
+
+            webbrowser.open(url)
+            return 0
+        return 1
+
+
+def _translate_ch_to_exc(ch: str) -> t.Optional[BaseException]:
+    if ch == "\x03":
+        raise KeyboardInterrupt()
+
+    if ch == "\x04" and not WIN:  # Unix-like, Ctrl+D
+        raise EOFError()
+
+    if ch == "\x1a" and WIN:  # Windows, Ctrl+Z
+        raise EOFError()
+
+    return None
+
+
+if WIN:
+    import msvcrt
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def raw_terminal() -> t.Iterator[int]:
+        yield -1
+
+    def getchar(echo: bool) -> str:
+        # The function `getch` will return a bytes object corresponding to
+        # the pressed character. Since Windows 10 build 1803, it will also
+        # return \x00 when called a second time after pressing a regular key.
+        #
+        # `getwch` does not share this probably-bugged behavior. Moreover, it
+        # returns a Unicode object by default, which is what we want.
+        #
+        # Either of these functions will return \x00 or \xe0 to indicate
+        # a special key, and you need to call the same function again to get
+        # the "rest" of the code. The fun part is that \u00e0 is
+        # "latin small letter a with grave", so if you type that on a French
+        # keyboard, you _also_ get a \xe0.
+        # E.g., consider the Up arrow. This returns \xe0 and then \x48. The
+        # resulting Unicode string reads as "a with grave" + "capital H".
+        # This is indistinguishable from when the user actually types
+        # "a with grave" and then "capital H".
+        #
+        # When \xe0 is returned, we assume it's part of a special-key sequence
+        # and call `getwch` again, but that means that when the user types
+        # the \u00e0 character, `getchar` doesn't return until a second
+        # character is typed.
+        # The alternative is returning immediately, but that would mess up
+        # cross-platform handling of arrow keys and others that start with
+        # \xe0. Another option is using `getch`, but then we can't reliably
+        # read non-ASCII characters, because return values of `getch` are
+        # limited to the current 8-bit codepage.
+        #
+        # Anyway, Click doesn't claim to do this Right(tm), and using `getwch`
+        # is doing the right thing in more situations than with `getch`.
+        func: t.Callable[[], str]
+
+        if echo:
+            func = msvcrt.getwche  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            func = msvcrt.getwch  # type: ignore
+
+        rv = func()
+
+        if rv in ("\x00", "\xe0"):
+            # \x00 and \xe0 are control characters that indicate special key,
+            # see above.
+            rv += func()
+
+        _translate_ch_to_exc(rv)
+        return rv
+
+
+else:
+    import tty
+    import termios
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def raw_terminal() -> t.Iterator[int]:
+        f: t.Optional[t.TextIO]
+        fd: int
+
+        if not isatty(sys.stdin):
+            f = open("/dev/tty")
+            fd = f.fileno()
+        else:
+            fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
+            f = None
+
+        try:
+            old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
+
+            try:
+                tty.setraw(fd)
+                yield fd
+            finally:
+                termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_settings)
+                sys.stdout.flush()
+
+                if f is not None:
+                    f.close()
+        except termios.error:
+            pass
+
+    def getchar(echo: bool) -> str:
+        with raw_terminal() as fd:
+            ch = os.read(fd, 32).decode(get_best_encoding(sys.stdin), "replace")
+
+            if echo and isatty(sys.stdout):
+                sys.stdout.write(ch)
+
+            _translate_ch_to_exc(ch)
+            return ch
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_textwrap.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_textwrap.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b47dcbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_textwrap.py
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import textwrap
+import typing as t
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
+
+class TextWrapper(textwrap.TextWrapper):
+    def _handle_long_word(
+        self,
+        reversed_chunks: t.List[str],
+        cur_line: t.List[str],
+        cur_len: int,
+        width: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        space_left = max(width - cur_len, 1)
+
+        if self.break_long_words:
+            last = reversed_chunks[-1]
+            cut = last[:space_left]
+            res = last[space_left:]
+            cur_line.append(cut)
+            reversed_chunks[-1] = res
+        elif not cur_line:
+            cur_line.append(reversed_chunks.pop())
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def extra_indent(self, indent: str) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+        old_initial_indent = self.initial_indent
+        old_subsequent_indent = self.subsequent_indent
+        self.initial_indent += indent
+        self.subsequent_indent += indent
+
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            self.initial_indent = old_initial_indent
+            self.subsequent_indent = old_subsequent_indent
+
+    def indent_only(self, text: str) -> str:
+        rv = []
+
+        for idx, line in enumerate(text.splitlines()):
+            indent = self.initial_indent
+
+            if idx > 0:
+                indent = self.subsequent_indent
+
+            rv.append(f"{indent}{line}")
+
+        return "\n".join(rv)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_unicodefun.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_unicodefun.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cb30c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_unicodefun.py
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+import codecs
+import os
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+
+def _verify_python_env() -> None:
+    """Ensures that the environment is good for Unicode."""
+    try:
+        from locale import getpreferredencoding
+
+        fs_enc = codecs.lookup(getpreferredencoding()).name
+    except Exception:
+        fs_enc = "ascii"
+
+    if fs_enc != "ascii":
+        return
+
+    extra = [
+        _(
+            "Click will abort further execution because Python was"
+            " configured to use ASCII as encoding for the environment."
+            " Consult https://click.palletsprojects.com/unicode-support/"
+            " for mitigation steps."
+        )
+    ]
+
+    if os.name == "posix":
+        import subprocess
+
+        try:
+            rv = subprocess.Popen(
+                ["locale", "-a"],
+                stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+                encoding="ascii",
+                errors="replace",
+            ).communicate()[0]
+        except OSError:
+            rv = ""
+
+        good_locales = set()
+        has_c_utf8 = False
+
+        for line in rv.splitlines():
+            locale = line.strip()
+
+            if locale.lower().endswith((".utf-8", ".utf8")):
+                good_locales.add(locale)
+
+                if locale.lower() in ("c.utf8", "c.utf-8"):
+                    has_c_utf8 = True
+
+        if not good_locales:
+            extra.append(
+                _(
+                    "Additional information: on this system no suitable"
+                    " UTF-8 locales were discovered. This most likely"
+                    " requires resolving by reconfiguring the locale"
+                    " system."
+                )
+            )
+        elif has_c_utf8:
+            extra.append(
+                _(
+                    "This system supports the C.UTF-8 locale which is"
+                    " recommended. You might be able to resolve your"
+                    " issue by exporting the following environment"
+                    " variables:"
+                )
+            )
+            extra.append("    export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8\n    export LANG=C.UTF-8")
+        else:
+            extra.append(
+                _(
+                    "This system lists some UTF-8 supporting locales"
+                    " that you can pick from. The following suitable"
+                    " locales were discovered: {locales}"
+                ).format(locales=", ".join(sorted(good_locales)))
+            )
+
+        bad_locale = None
+
+        for env_locale in os.environ.get("LC_ALL"), os.environ.get("LANG"):
+            if env_locale and env_locale.lower().endswith((".utf-8", ".utf8")):
+                bad_locale = env_locale
+
+            if env_locale is not None:
+                break
+
+        if bad_locale is not None:
+            extra.append(
+                _(
+                    "Click discovered that you exported a UTF-8 locale"
+                    " but the locale system could not pick up from it"
+                    " because it does not exist. The exported locale is"
+                    " {locale!r} but it is not supported."
+                ).format(locale=bad_locale)
+            )
+
+    raise RuntimeError("\n\n".join(extra))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_winconsole.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_winconsole.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b20df3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/_winconsole.py
@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+# This module is based on the excellent work by Adam Bartoš who
+# provided a lot of what went into the implementation here in
+# the discussion to issue1602 in the Python bug tracker.
+#
+# There are some general differences in regards to how this works
+# compared to the original patches as we do not need to patch
+# the entire interpreter but just work in our little world of
+# echo and prompt.
+import io
+import sys
+import time
+import typing as t
+from ctypes import byref
+from ctypes import c_char
+from ctypes import c_char_p
+from ctypes import c_int
+from ctypes import c_ssize_t
+from ctypes import c_ulong
+from ctypes import c_void_p
+from ctypes import POINTER
+from ctypes import py_object
+from ctypes import Structure
+from ctypes.wintypes import DWORD
+from ctypes.wintypes import HANDLE
+from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR
+from ctypes.wintypes import LPWSTR
+
+from ._compat import _NonClosingTextIOWrapper
+
+assert sys.platform == "win32"
+import msvcrt  # noqa: E402
+from ctypes import windll  # noqa: E402
+from ctypes import WINFUNCTYPE  # noqa: E402
+
+c_ssize_p = POINTER(c_ssize_t)
+
+kernel32 = windll.kernel32
+GetStdHandle = kernel32.GetStdHandle
+ReadConsoleW = kernel32.ReadConsoleW
+WriteConsoleW = kernel32.WriteConsoleW
+GetConsoleMode = kernel32.GetConsoleMode
+GetLastError = kernel32.GetLastError
+GetCommandLineW = WINFUNCTYPE(LPWSTR)(("GetCommandLineW", windll.kernel32))
+CommandLineToArgvW = WINFUNCTYPE(POINTER(LPWSTR), LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int))(
+    ("CommandLineToArgvW", windll.shell32)
+)
+LocalFree = WINFUNCTYPE(c_void_p, c_void_p)(("LocalFree", windll.kernel32))
+
+STDIN_HANDLE = GetStdHandle(-10)
+STDOUT_HANDLE = GetStdHandle(-11)
+STDERR_HANDLE = GetStdHandle(-12)
+
+PyBUF_SIMPLE = 0
+PyBUF_WRITABLE = 1
+
+ERROR_SUCCESS = 0
+ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY = 8
+ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED = 995
+
+STDIN_FILENO = 0
+STDOUT_FILENO = 1
+STDERR_FILENO = 2
+
+EOF = b"\x1a"
+MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN = 32767
+
+try:
+    from ctypes import pythonapi
+except ImportError:
+    # On PyPy we cannot get buffers so our ability to operate here is
+    # severely limited.
+    get_buffer = None
+else:
+
+    class Py_buffer(Structure):
+        _fields_ = [
+            ("buf", c_void_p),
+            ("obj", py_object),
+            ("len", c_ssize_t),
+            ("itemsize", c_ssize_t),
+            ("readonly", c_int),
+            ("ndim", c_int),
+            ("format", c_char_p),
+            ("shape", c_ssize_p),
+            ("strides", c_ssize_p),
+            ("suboffsets", c_ssize_p),
+            ("internal", c_void_p),
+        ]
+
+    PyObject_GetBuffer = pythonapi.PyObject_GetBuffer
+    PyBuffer_Release = pythonapi.PyBuffer_Release
+
+    def get_buffer(obj, writable=False):
+        buf = Py_buffer()
+        flags = PyBUF_WRITABLE if writable else PyBUF_SIMPLE
+        PyObject_GetBuffer(py_object(obj), byref(buf), flags)
+
+        try:
+            buffer_type = c_char * buf.len
+            return buffer_type.from_address(buf.buf)
+        finally:
+            PyBuffer_Release(byref(buf))
+
+
+class _WindowsConsoleRawIOBase(io.RawIOBase):
+    def __init__(self, handle):
+        self.handle = handle
+
+    def isatty(self):
+        super().isatty()
+        return True
+
+
+class _WindowsConsoleReader(_WindowsConsoleRawIOBase):
+    def readable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def readinto(self, b):
+        bytes_to_be_read = len(b)
+        if not bytes_to_be_read:
+            return 0
+        elif bytes_to_be_read % 2:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "cannot read odd number of bytes from UTF-16-LE encoded console"
+            )
+
+        buffer = get_buffer(b, writable=True)
+        code_units_to_be_read = bytes_to_be_read // 2
+        code_units_read = c_ulong()
+
+        rv = ReadConsoleW(
+            HANDLE(self.handle),
+            buffer,
+            code_units_to_be_read,
+            byref(code_units_read),
+            None,
+        )
+        if GetLastError() == ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED:
+            # wait for KeyboardInterrupt
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+        if not rv:
+            raise OSError(f"Windows error: {GetLastError()}")
+
+        if buffer[0] == EOF:
+            return 0
+        return 2 * code_units_read.value
+
+
+class _WindowsConsoleWriter(_WindowsConsoleRawIOBase):
+    def writable(self):
+        return True
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_error_message(errno):
+        if errno == ERROR_SUCCESS:
+            return "ERROR_SUCCESS"
+        elif errno == ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
+            return "ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY"
+        return f"Windows error {errno}"
+
+    def write(self, b):
+        bytes_to_be_written = len(b)
+        buf = get_buffer(b)
+        code_units_to_be_written = min(bytes_to_be_written, MAX_BYTES_WRITTEN) // 2
+        code_units_written = c_ulong()
+
+        WriteConsoleW(
+            HANDLE(self.handle),
+            buf,
+            code_units_to_be_written,
+            byref(code_units_written),
+            None,
+        )
+        bytes_written = 2 * code_units_written.value
+
+        if bytes_written == 0 and bytes_to_be_written > 0:
+            raise OSError(self._get_error_message(GetLastError()))
+        return bytes_written
+
+
+class ConsoleStream:
+    def __init__(self, text_stream: t.TextIO, byte_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> None:
+        self._text_stream = text_stream
+        self.buffer = byte_stream
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return self.buffer.name
+
+    def write(self, x: t.AnyStr) -> int:
+        if isinstance(x, str):
+            return self._text_stream.write(x)
+        try:
+            self.flush()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        return self.buffer.write(x)
+
+    def writelines(self, lines: t.Iterable[t.AnyStr]) -> None:
+        for line in lines:
+            self.write(line)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        return getattr(self._text_stream, name)
+
+    def isatty(self) -> bool:
+        return self.buffer.isatty()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<ConsoleStream name={self.name!r} encoding={self.encoding!r}>"
+
+
+def _get_text_stdin(buffer_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> t.TextIO:
+    text_stream = _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
+        io.BufferedReader(_WindowsConsoleReader(STDIN_HANDLE)),
+        "utf-16-le",
+        "strict",
+        line_buffering=True,
+    )
+    return t.cast(t.TextIO, ConsoleStream(text_stream, buffer_stream))
+
+
+def _get_text_stdout(buffer_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> t.TextIO:
+    text_stream = _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
+        io.BufferedWriter(_WindowsConsoleWriter(STDOUT_HANDLE)),
+        "utf-16-le",
+        "strict",
+        line_buffering=True,
+    )
+    return t.cast(t.TextIO, ConsoleStream(text_stream, buffer_stream))
+
+
+def _get_text_stderr(buffer_stream: t.BinaryIO) -> t.TextIO:
+    text_stream = _NonClosingTextIOWrapper(
+        io.BufferedWriter(_WindowsConsoleWriter(STDERR_HANDLE)),
+        "utf-16-le",
+        "strict",
+        line_buffering=True,
+    )
+    return t.cast(t.TextIO, ConsoleStream(text_stream, buffer_stream))
+
+
+_stream_factories: t.Mapping[int, t.Callable[[t.BinaryIO], t.TextIO]] = {
+    0: _get_text_stdin,
+    1: _get_text_stdout,
+    2: _get_text_stderr,
+}
+
+
+def _is_console(f: t.TextIO) -> bool:
+    if not hasattr(f, "fileno"):
+        return False
+
+    try:
+        fileno = f.fileno()
+    except (OSError, io.UnsupportedOperation):
+        return False
+
+    handle = msvcrt.get_osfhandle(fileno)
+    return bool(GetConsoleMode(handle, byref(DWORD())))
+
+
+def _get_windows_console_stream(
+    f: t.TextIO, encoding: t.Optional[str], errors: t.Optional[str]
+) -> t.Optional[t.TextIO]:
+    if (
+        get_buffer is not None
+        and encoding in {"utf-16-le", None}
+        and errors in {"strict", None}
+        and _is_console(f)
+    ):
+        func = _stream_factories.get(f.fileno())
+        if func is not None:
+            b = getattr(f, "buffer", None)
+
+            if b is None:
+                return None
+
+            return func(b)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/core.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f226354
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2953 @@
+import enum
+import errno
+import os
+import sys
+import typing
+import typing as t
+from collections import abc
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from contextlib import ExitStack
+from functools import partial
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from gettext import ngettext
+from itertools import repeat
+
+from . import types
+from ._unicodefun import _verify_python_env
+from .exceptions import Abort
+from .exceptions import BadParameter
+from .exceptions import ClickException
+from .exceptions import Exit
+from .exceptions import MissingParameter
+from .exceptions import UsageError
+from .formatting import HelpFormatter
+from .formatting import join_options
+from .globals import pop_context
+from .globals import push_context
+from .parser import _flag_needs_value
+from .parser import OptionParser
+from .parser import split_opt
+from .termui import confirm
+from .termui import prompt
+from .termui import style
+from .utils import _detect_program_name
+from .utils import _expand_args
+from .utils import echo
+from .utils import make_default_short_help
+from .utils import make_str
+from .utils import PacifyFlushWrapper
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+
+def _complete_visible_commands(
+    ctx: "Context", incomplete: str
+) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[str, "Command"]]:
+    """List all the subcommands of a group that start with the
+    incomplete value and aren't hidden.
+
+    :param ctx: Invocation context for the group.
+    :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+    """
+    multi = t.cast(MultiCommand, ctx.command)
+
+    for name in multi.list_commands(ctx):
+        if name.startswith(incomplete):
+            command = multi.get_command(ctx, name)
+
+            if command is not None and not command.hidden:
+                yield name, command
+
+
+def _check_multicommand(
+    base_command: "MultiCommand", cmd_name: str, cmd: "Command", register: bool = False
+) -> None:
+    if not base_command.chain or not isinstance(cmd, MultiCommand):
+        return
+    if register:
+        hint = (
+            "It is not possible to add multi commands as children to"
+            " another multi command that is in chain mode."
+        )
+    else:
+        hint = (
+            "Found a multi command as subcommand to a multi command"
+            " that is in chain mode. This is not supported."
+        )
+    raise RuntimeError(
+        f"{hint}. Command {base_command.name!r} is set to chain and"
+        f" {cmd_name!r} was added as a subcommand but it in itself is a"
+        f" multi command. ({cmd_name!r} is a {type(cmd).__name__}"
+        f" within a chained {type(base_command).__name__} named"
+        f" {base_command.name!r})."
+    )
+
+
+def batch(iterable: t.Iterable[V], batch_size: int) -> t.List[t.Tuple[V, ...]]:
+    return list(zip(*repeat(iter(iterable), batch_size)))
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def augment_usage_errors(
+    ctx: "Context", param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None
+) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+    """Context manager that attaches extra information to exceptions."""
+    try:
+        yield
+    except BadParameter as e:
+        if e.ctx is None:
+            e.ctx = ctx
+        if param is not None and e.param is None:
+            e.param = param
+        raise
+    except UsageError as e:
+        if e.ctx is None:
+            e.ctx = ctx
+        raise
+
+
+def iter_params_for_processing(
+    invocation_order: t.Sequence["Parameter"],
+    declaration_order: t.Sequence["Parameter"],
+) -> t.List["Parameter"]:
+    """Given a sequence of parameters in the order as should be considered
+    for processing and an iterable of parameters that exist, this returns
+    a list in the correct order as they should be processed.
+    """
+
+    def sort_key(item: "Parameter") -> t.Tuple[bool, float]:
+        try:
+            idx: float = invocation_order.index(item)
+        except ValueError:
+            idx = float("inf")
+
+        return not item.is_eager, idx
+
+    return sorted(declaration_order, key=sort_key)
+
+
+class ParameterSource(enum.Enum):
+    """This is an :class:`~enum.Enum` that indicates the source of a
+    parameter's value.
+
+    Use :meth:`click.Context.get_parameter_source` to get the
+    source for a parameter by name.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Use :class:`~enum.Enum` and drop the ``validate`` method.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Added the ``PROMPT`` value.
+    """
+
+    COMMANDLINE = enum.auto()
+    """The value was provided by the command line args."""
+    ENVIRONMENT = enum.auto()
+    """The value was provided with an environment variable."""
+    DEFAULT = enum.auto()
+    """Used the default specified by the parameter."""
+    DEFAULT_MAP = enum.auto()
+    """Used a default provided by :attr:`Context.default_map`."""
+    PROMPT = enum.auto()
+    """Used a prompt to confirm a default or provide a value."""
+
+
+class Context:
+    """The context is a special internal object that holds state relevant
+    for the script execution at every single level.  It's normally invisible
+    to commands unless they opt-in to getting access to it.
+
+    The context is useful as it can pass internal objects around and can
+    control special execution features such as reading data from
+    environment variables.
+
+    A context can be used as context manager in which case it will call
+    :meth:`close` on teardown.
+
+    :param command: the command class for this context.
+    :param parent: the parent context.
+    :param info_name: the info name for this invocation.  Generally this
+                      is the most descriptive name for the script or
+                      command.  For the toplevel script it is usually
+                      the name of the script, for commands below it it's
+                      the name of the script.
+    :param obj: an arbitrary object of user data.
+    :param auto_envvar_prefix: the prefix to use for automatic environment
+                               variables.  If this is `None` then reading
+                               from environment variables is disabled.  This
+                               does not affect manually set environment
+                               variables which are always read.
+    :param default_map: a dictionary (like object) with default values
+                        for parameters.
+    :param terminal_width: the width of the terminal.  The default is
+                           inherit from parent context.  If no context
+                           defines the terminal width then auto
+                           detection will be applied.
+    :param max_content_width: the maximum width for content rendered by
+                              Click (this currently only affects help
+                              pages).  This defaults to 80 characters if
+                              not overridden.  In other words: even if the
+                              terminal is larger than that, Click will not
+                              format things wider than 80 characters by
+                              default.  In addition to that, formatters might
+                              add some safety mapping on the right.
+    :param resilient_parsing: if this flag is enabled then Click will
+                              parse without any interactivity or callback
+                              invocation.  Default values will also be
+                              ignored.  This is useful for implementing
+                              things such as completion support.
+    :param allow_extra_args: if this is set to `True` then extra arguments
+                             at the end will not raise an error and will be
+                             kept on the context.  The default is to inherit
+                             from the command.
+    :param allow_interspersed_args: if this is set to `False` then options
+                                    and arguments cannot be mixed.  The
+                                    default is to inherit from the command.
+    :param ignore_unknown_options: instructs click to ignore options it does
+                                   not know and keeps them for later
+                                   processing.
+    :param help_option_names: optionally a list of strings that define how
+                              the default help parameter is named.  The
+                              default is ``['--help']``.
+    :param token_normalize_func: an optional function that is used to
+                                 normalize tokens (options, choices,
+                                 etc.).  This for instance can be used to
+                                 implement case insensitive behavior.
+    :param color: controls if the terminal supports ANSI colors or not.  The
+                  default is autodetection.  This is only needed if ANSI
+                  codes are used in texts that Click prints which is by
+                  default not the case.  This for instance would affect
+                  help output.
+    :param show_default: Show defaults for all options. If not set,
+        defaults to the value from a parent context. Overrides an
+        option's ``show_default`` argument.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        The ``show_default`` parameter defaults to the value from the
+        parent context.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 7.1
+       Added the ``show_default`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+        Added the ``color``, ``ignore_unknown_options``, and
+        ``max_content_width`` parameters.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        Added the ``allow_extra_args`` and ``allow_interspersed_args``
+        parameters.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Added the ``resilient_parsing``, ``help_option_names``, and
+        ``token_normalize_func`` parameters.
+    """
+
+    #: The formatter class to create with :meth:`make_formatter`.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 8.0
+    formatter_class: t.Type["HelpFormatter"] = HelpFormatter
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        command: "Command",
+        parent: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+        info_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        obj: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+        auto_envvar_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        default_map: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        terminal_width: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        max_content_width: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        resilient_parsing: bool = False,
+        allow_extra_args: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        allow_interspersed_args: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        ignore_unknown_options: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        help_option_names: t.Optional[t.List[str]] = None,
+        token_normalize_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str], str]] = None,
+        color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        show_default: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        #: the parent context or `None` if none exists.
+        self.parent = parent
+        #: the :class:`Command` for this context.
+        self.command = command
+        #: the descriptive information name
+        self.info_name = info_name
+        #: Map of parameter names to their parsed values. Parameters
+        #: with ``expose_value=False`` are not stored.
+        self.params: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+        #: the leftover arguments.
+        self.args: t.List[str] = []
+        #: protected arguments.  These are arguments that are prepended
+        #: to `args` when certain parsing scenarios are encountered but
+        #: must be never propagated to another arguments.  This is used
+        #: to implement nested parsing.
+        self.protected_args: t.List[str] = []
+
+        if obj is None and parent is not None:
+            obj = parent.obj
+
+        #: the user object stored.
+        self.obj: t.Any = obj
+        self._meta: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = getattr(parent, "meta", {})
+
+        #: A dictionary (-like object) with defaults for parameters.
+        if (
+            default_map is None
+            and info_name is not None
+            and parent is not None
+            and parent.default_map is not None
+        ):
+            default_map = parent.default_map.get(info_name)
+
+        self.default_map: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = default_map
+
+        #: This flag indicates if a subcommand is going to be executed. A
+        #: group callback can use this information to figure out if it's
+        #: being executed directly or because the execution flow passes
+        #: onwards to a subcommand. By default it's None, but it can be
+        #: the name of the subcommand to execute.
+        #:
+        #: If chaining is enabled this will be set to ``'*'`` in case
+        #: any commands are executed.  It is however not possible to
+        #: figure out which ones.  If you require this knowledge you
+        #: should use a :func:`result_callback`.
+        self.invoked_subcommand: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+        if terminal_width is None and parent is not None:
+            terminal_width = parent.terminal_width
+
+        #: The width of the terminal (None is autodetection).
+        self.terminal_width: t.Optional[int] = terminal_width
+
+        if max_content_width is None and parent is not None:
+            max_content_width = parent.max_content_width
+
+        #: The maximum width of formatted content (None implies a sensible
+        #: default which is 80 for most things).
+        self.max_content_width: t.Optional[int] = max_content_width
+
+        if allow_extra_args is None:
+            allow_extra_args = command.allow_extra_args
+
+        #: Indicates if the context allows extra args or if it should
+        #: fail on parsing.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        self.allow_extra_args = allow_extra_args
+
+        if allow_interspersed_args is None:
+            allow_interspersed_args = command.allow_interspersed_args
+
+        #: Indicates if the context allows mixing of arguments and
+        #: options or not.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        self.allow_interspersed_args: bool = allow_interspersed_args
+
+        if ignore_unknown_options is None:
+            ignore_unknown_options = command.ignore_unknown_options
+
+        #: Instructs click to ignore options that a command does not
+        #: understand and will store it on the context for later
+        #: processing.  This is primarily useful for situations where you
+        #: want to call into external programs.  Generally this pattern is
+        #: strongly discouraged because it's not possibly to losslessly
+        #: forward all arguments.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 4.0
+        self.ignore_unknown_options: bool = ignore_unknown_options
+
+        if help_option_names is None:
+            if parent is not None:
+                help_option_names = parent.help_option_names
+            else:
+                help_option_names = ["--help"]
+
+        #: The names for the help options.
+        self.help_option_names: t.List[str] = help_option_names
+
+        if token_normalize_func is None and parent is not None:
+            token_normalize_func = parent.token_normalize_func
+
+        #: An optional normalization function for tokens.  This is
+        #: options, choices, commands etc.
+        self.token_normalize_func: t.Optional[
+            t.Callable[[str], str]
+        ] = token_normalize_func
+
+        #: Indicates if resilient parsing is enabled.  In that case Click
+        #: will do its best to not cause any failures and default values
+        #: will be ignored. Useful for completion.
+        self.resilient_parsing: bool = resilient_parsing
+
+        # If there is no envvar prefix yet, but the parent has one and
+        # the command on this level has a name, we can expand the envvar
+        # prefix automatically.
+        if auto_envvar_prefix is None:
+            if (
+                parent is not None
+                and parent.auto_envvar_prefix is not None
+                and self.info_name is not None
+            ):
+                auto_envvar_prefix = (
+                    f"{parent.auto_envvar_prefix}_{self.info_name.upper()}"
+                )
+        else:
+            auto_envvar_prefix = auto_envvar_prefix.upper()
+
+        if auto_envvar_prefix is not None:
+            auto_envvar_prefix = auto_envvar_prefix.replace("-", "_")
+
+        self.auto_envvar_prefix: t.Optional[str] = auto_envvar_prefix
+
+        if color is None and parent is not None:
+            color = parent.color
+
+        #: Controls if styling output is wanted or not.
+        self.color: t.Optional[bool] = color
+
+        if show_default is None and parent is not None:
+            show_default = parent.show_default
+
+        #: Show option default values when formatting help text.
+        self.show_default: t.Optional[bool] = show_default
+
+        self._close_callbacks: t.List[t.Callable[[], t.Any]] = []
+        self._depth = 0
+        self._parameter_source: t.Dict[str, ParameterSource] = {}
+        self._exit_stack = ExitStack()
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """Gather information that could be useful for a tool generating
+        user-facing documentation. This traverses the entire CLI
+        structure.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            with Context(cli) as ctx:
+                info = ctx.to_info_dict()
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        return {
+            "command": self.command.to_info_dict(self),
+            "info_name": self.info_name,
+            "allow_extra_args": self.allow_extra_args,
+            "allow_interspersed_args": self.allow_interspersed_args,
+            "ignore_unknown_options": self.ignore_unknown_options,
+            "auto_envvar_prefix": self.auto_envvar_prefix,
+        }
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "Context":
+        self._depth += 1
+        push_context(self)
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb):  # type: ignore
+        self._depth -= 1
+        if self._depth == 0:
+            self.close()
+        pop_context()
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def scope(self, cleanup: bool = True) -> t.Iterator["Context"]:
+        """This helper method can be used with the context object to promote
+        it to the current thread local (see :func:`get_current_context`).
+        The default behavior of this is to invoke the cleanup functions which
+        can be disabled by setting `cleanup` to `False`.  The cleanup
+        functions are typically used for things such as closing file handles.
+
+        If the cleanup is intended the context object can also be directly
+        used as a context manager.
+
+        Example usage::
+
+            with ctx.scope():
+                assert get_current_context() is ctx
+
+        This is equivalent::
+
+            with ctx:
+                assert get_current_context() is ctx
+
+        .. versionadded:: 5.0
+
+        :param cleanup: controls if the cleanup functions should be run or
+                        not.  The default is to run these functions.  In
+                        some situations the context only wants to be
+                        temporarily pushed in which case this can be disabled.
+                        Nested pushes automatically defer the cleanup.
+        """
+        if not cleanup:
+            self._depth += 1
+        try:
+            with self as rv:
+                yield rv
+        finally:
+            if not cleanup:
+                self._depth -= 1
+
+    @property
+    def meta(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """This is a dictionary which is shared with all the contexts
+        that are nested.  It exists so that click utilities can store some
+        state here if they need to.  It is however the responsibility of
+        that code to manage this dictionary well.
+
+        The keys are supposed to be unique dotted strings.  For instance
+        module paths are a good choice for it.  What is stored in there is
+        irrelevant for the operation of click.  However what is important is
+        that code that places data here adheres to the general semantics of
+        the system.
+
+        Example usage::
+
+            LANG_KEY = f'{__name__}.lang'
+
+            def set_language(value):
+                ctx = get_current_context()
+                ctx.meta[LANG_KEY] = value
+
+            def get_language():
+                return get_current_context().meta.get(LANG_KEY, 'en_US')
+
+        .. versionadded:: 5.0
+        """
+        return self._meta
+
+    def make_formatter(self) -> HelpFormatter:
+        """Creates the :class:`~click.HelpFormatter` for the help and
+        usage output.
+
+        To quickly customize the formatter class used without overriding
+        this method, set the :attr:`formatter_class` attribute.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Added the :attr:`formatter_class` attribute.
+        """
+        return self.formatter_class(
+            width=self.terminal_width, max_width=self.max_content_width
+        )
+
+    def with_resource(self, context_manager: t.ContextManager[V]) -> V:
+        """Register a resource as if it were used in a ``with``
+        statement. The resource will be cleaned up when the context is
+        popped.
+
+        Uses :meth:`contextlib.ExitStack.enter_context`. It calls the
+        resource's ``__enter__()`` method and returns the result. When
+        the context is popped, it closes the stack, which calls the
+        resource's ``__exit__()`` method.
+
+        To register a cleanup function for something that isn't a
+        context manager, use :meth:`call_on_close`. Or use something
+        from :mod:`contextlib` to turn it into a context manager first.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            @click.group()
+            @click.option("--name")
+            @click.pass_context
+            def cli(ctx):
+                ctx.obj = ctx.with_resource(connect_db(name))
+
+        :param context_manager: The context manager to enter.
+        :return: Whatever ``context_manager.__enter__()`` returns.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        return self._exit_stack.enter_context(context_manager)
+
+    def call_on_close(self, f: t.Callable[..., t.Any]) -> t.Callable[..., t.Any]:
+        """Register a function to be called when the context tears down.
+
+        This can be used to close resources opened during the script
+        execution. Resources that support Python's context manager
+        protocol which would be used in a ``with`` statement should be
+        registered with :meth:`with_resource` instead.
+
+        :param f: The function to execute on teardown.
+        """
+        return self._exit_stack.callback(f)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Invoke all close callbacks registered with
+        :meth:`call_on_close`, and exit all context managers entered
+        with :meth:`with_resource`.
+        """
+        self._exit_stack.close()
+        # In case the context is reused, create a new exit stack.
+        self._exit_stack = ExitStack()
+
+    @property
+    def command_path(self) -> str:
+        """The computed command path.  This is used for the ``usage``
+        information on the help page.  It's automatically created by
+        combining the info names of the chain of contexts to the root.
+        """
+        rv = ""
+        if self.info_name is not None:
+            rv = self.info_name
+        if self.parent is not None:
+            parent_command_path = [self.parent.command_path]
+
+            if isinstance(self.parent.command, Command):
+                for param in self.parent.command.get_params(self):
+                    parent_command_path.extend(param.get_usage_pieces(self))
+
+            rv = f"{' '.join(parent_command_path)} {rv}"
+        return rv.lstrip()
+
+    def find_root(self) -> "Context":
+        """Finds the outermost context."""
+        node = self
+        while node.parent is not None:
+            node = node.parent
+        return node
+
+    def find_object(self, object_type: t.Type[V]) -> t.Optional[V]:
+        """Finds the closest object of a given type."""
+        node: t.Optional["Context"] = self
+
+        while node is not None:
+            if isinstance(node.obj, object_type):
+                return node.obj
+
+            node = node.parent
+
+        return None
+
+    def ensure_object(self, object_type: t.Type[V]) -> V:
+        """Like :meth:`find_object` but sets the innermost object to a
+        new instance of `object_type` if it does not exist.
+        """
+        rv = self.find_object(object_type)
+        if rv is None:
+            self.obj = rv = object_type()
+        return rv
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def lookup_default(
+        self, name: str, call: "te.Literal[True]" = True
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def lookup_default(
+        self, name: str, call: "te.Literal[False]" = ...
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]]:
+        ...
+
+    def lookup_default(self, name: str, call: bool = True) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        """Get the default for a parameter from :attr:`default_map`.
+
+        :param name: Name of the parameter.
+        :param call: If the default is a callable, call it. Disable to
+            return the callable instead.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Added the ``call`` parameter.
+        """
+        if self.default_map is not None:
+            value = self.default_map.get(name)
+
+            if call and callable(value):
+                return value()
+
+            return value
+
+        return None
+
+    def fail(self, message: str) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        """Aborts the execution of the program with a specific error
+        message.
+
+        :param message: the error message to fail with.
+        """
+        raise UsageError(message, self)
+
+    def abort(self) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        """Aborts the script."""
+        raise Abort()
+
+    def exit(self, code: int = 0) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        """Exits the application with a given exit code."""
+        raise Exit(code)
+
+    def get_usage(self) -> str:
+        """Helper method to get formatted usage string for the current
+        context and command.
+        """
+        return self.command.get_usage(self)
+
+    def get_help(self) -> str:
+        """Helper method to get formatted help page for the current
+        context and command.
+        """
+        return self.command.get_help(self)
+
+    def _make_sub_context(self, command: "Command") -> "Context":
+        """Create a new context of the same type as this context, but
+        for a new command.
+
+        :meta private:
+        """
+        return type(self)(command, info_name=command.name, parent=self)
+
+    def invoke(
+        __self,  # noqa: B902
+        __callback: t.Union["Command", t.Callable[..., t.Any]],
+        *args: t.Any,
+        **kwargs: t.Any,
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        """Invokes a command callback in exactly the way it expects.  There
+        are two ways to invoke this method:
+
+        1.  the first argument can be a callback and all other arguments and
+            keyword arguments are forwarded directly to the function.
+        2.  the first argument is a click command object.  In that case all
+            arguments are forwarded as well but proper click parameters
+            (options and click arguments) must be keyword arguments and Click
+            will fill in defaults.
+
+        Note that before Click 3.2 keyword arguments were not properly filled
+        in against the intention of this code and no context was created.  For
+        more information about this change and why it was done in a bugfix
+        release see :ref:`upgrade-to-3.2`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            All ``kwargs`` are tracked in :attr:`params` so they will be
+            passed if :meth:`forward` is called at multiple levels.
+        """
+        if isinstance(__callback, Command):
+            other_cmd = __callback
+
+            if other_cmd.callback is None:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "The given command does not have a callback that can be invoked."
+                )
+            else:
+                __callback = other_cmd.callback
+
+            ctx = __self._make_sub_context(other_cmd)
+
+            for param in other_cmd.params:
+                if param.name not in kwargs and param.expose_value:
+                    kwargs[param.name] = param.type_cast_value(  # type: ignore
+                        ctx, param.get_default(ctx)
+                    )
+
+            # Track all kwargs as params, so that forward() will pass
+            # them on in subsequent calls.
+            ctx.params.update(kwargs)
+        else:
+            ctx = __self
+
+        with augment_usage_errors(__self):
+            with ctx:
+                return __callback(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def forward(
+        __self, __cmd: "Command", *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any  # noqa: B902
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        """Similar to :meth:`invoke` but fills in default keyword
+        arguments from the current context if the other command expects
+        it.  This cannot invoke callbacks directly, only other commands.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            All ``kwargs`` are tracked in :attr:`params` so they will be
+            passed if ``forward`` is called at multiple levels.
+        """
+        # Can only forward to other commands, not direct callbacks.
+        if not isinstance(__cmd, Command):
+            raise TypeError("Callback is not a command.")
+
+        for param in __self.params:
+            if param not in kwargs:
+                kwargs[param] = __self.params[param]
+
+        return __self.invoke(__cmd, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def set_parameter_source(self, name: str, source: ParameterSource) -> None:
+        """Set the source of a parameter. This indicates the location
+        from which the value of the parameter was obtained.
+
+        :param name: The name of the parameter.
+        :param source: A member of :class:`~click.core.ParameterSource`.
+        """
+        self._parameter_source[name] = source
+
+    def get_parameter_source(self, name: str) -> t.Optional[ParameterSource]:
+        """Get the source of a parameter. This indicates the location
+        from which the value of the parameter was obtained.
+
+        This can be useful for determining when a user specified a value
+        on the command line that is the same as the default value. It
+        will be :attr:`~click.core.ParameterSource.DEFAULT` only if the
+        value was actually taken from the default.
+
+        :param name: The name of the parameter.
+        :rtype: ParameterSource
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Returns ``None`` if the parameter was not provided from any
+            source.
+        """
+        return self._parameter_source.get(name)
+
+
+class BaseCommand:
+    """The base command implements the minimal API contract of commands.
+    Most code will never use this as it does not implement a lot of useful
+    functionality but it can act as the direct subclass of alternative
+    parsing methods that do not depend on the Click parser.
+
+    For instance, this can be used to bridge Click and other systems like
+    argparse or docopt.
+
+    Because base commands do not implement a lot of the API that other
+    parts of Click take for granted, they are not supported for all
+    operations.  For instance, they cannot be used with the decorators
+    usually and they have no built-in callback system.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+       Added the `context_settings` parameter.
+
+    :param name: the name of the command to use unless a group overrides it.
+    :param context_settings: an optional dictionary with defaults that are
+                             passed to the context object.
+    """
+
+    #: The context class to create with :meth:`make_context`.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 8.0
+    context_class: t.Type[Context] = Context
+    #: the default for the :attr:`Context.allow_extra_args` flag.
+    allow_extra_args = False
+    #: the default for the :attr:`Context.allow_interspersed_args` flag.
+    allow_interspersed_args = True
+    #: the default for the :attr:`Context.ignore_unknown_options` flag.
+    ignore_unknown_options = False
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: t.Optional[str],
+        context_settings: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        #: the name the command thinks it has.  Upon registering a command
+        #: on a :class:`Group` the group will default the command name
+        #: with this information.  You should instead use the
+        #: :class:`Context`\'s :attr:`~Context.info_name` attribute.
+        self.name = name
+
+        if context_settings is None:
+            context_settings = {}
+
+        #: an optional dictionary with defaults passed to the context.
+        self.context_settings: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = context_settings
+
+    def to_info_dict(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """Gather information that could be useful for a tool generating
+        user-facing documentation. This traverses the entire structure
+        below this command.
+
+        Use :meth:`click.Context.to_info_dict` to traverse the entire
+        CLI structure.
+
+        :param ctx: A :class:`Context` representing this command.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        return {"name": self.name}
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} {self.name}>"
+
+    def get_usage(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Base commands cannot get usage")
+
+    def get_help(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+        raise NotImplementedError("Base commands cannot get help")
+
+    def make_context(
+        self,
+        info_name: t.Optional[str],
+        args: t.List[str],
+        parent: t.Optional[Context] = None,
+        **extra: t.Any,
+    ) -> Context:
+        """This function when given an info name and arguments will kick
+        off the parsing and create a new :class:`Context`.  It does not
+        invoke the actual command callback though.
+
+        To quickly customize the context class used without overriding
+        this method, set the :attr:`context_class` attribute.
+
+        :param info_name: the info name for this invocation.  Generally this
+                          is the most descriptive name for the script or
+                          command.  For the toplevel script it's usually
+                          the name of the script, for commands below it it's
+                          the name of the command.
+        :param args: the arguments to parse as list of strings.
+        :param parent: the parent context if available.
+        :param extra: extra keyword arguments forwarded to the context
+                      constructor.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Added the :attr:`context_class` attribute.
+        """
+        for key, value in self.context_settings.items():
+            if key not in extra:
+                extra[key] = value
+
+        ctx = self.context_class(
+            self, info_name=info_name, parent=parent, **extra  # type: ignore
+        )
+
+        with ctx.scope(cleanup=False):
+            self.parse_args(ctx, args)
+        return ctx
+
+    def parse_args(self, ctx: Context, args: t.List[str]) -> t.List[str]:
+        """Given a context and a list of arguments this creates the parser
+        and parses the arguments, then modifies the context as necessary.
+        This is automatically invoked by :meth:`make_context`.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Base commands do not know how to parse arguments.")
+
+    def invoke(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Any:
+        """Given a context, this invokes the command.  The default
+        implementation is raising a not implemented error.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError("Base commands are not invokable by default")
+
+    def shell_complete(self, ctx: Context, incomplete: str) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+        """Return a list of completions for the incomplete value. Looks
+        at the names of chained multi-commands.
+
+        Any command could be part of a chained multi-command, so sibling
+        commands are valid at any point during command completion. Other
+        command classes will return more completions.
+
+        :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+        :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+        results: t.List["CompletionItem"] = []
+
+        while ctx.parent is not None:
+            ctx = ctx.parent
+
+            if isinstance(ctx.command, MultiCommand) and ctx.command.chain:
+                results.extend(
+                    CompletionItem(name, help=command.get_short_help_str())
+                    for name, command in _complete_visible_commands(ctx, incomplete)
+                    if name not in ctx.protected_args
+                )
+
+        return results
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def main(
+        self,
+        args: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+        prog_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        complete_var: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        standalone_mode: "te.Literal[True]" = True,
+        **extra: t.Any,
+    ) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def main(
+        self,
+        args: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+        prog_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        complete_var: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        standalone_mode: bool = ...,
+        **extra: t.Any,
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        ...
+
+    def main(
+        self,
+        args: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+        prog_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        complete_var: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        standalone_mode: bool = True,
+        windows_expand_args: bool = True,
+        **extra: t.Any,
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        """This is the way to invoke a script with all the bells and
+        whistles as a command line application.  This will always terminate
+        the application after a call.  If this is not wanted, ``SystemExit``
+        needs to be caught.
+
+        This method is also available by directly calling the instance of
+        a :class:`Command`.
+
+        :param args: the arguments that should be used for parsing.  If not
+                     provided, ``sys.argv[1:]`` is used.
+        :param prog_name: the program name that should be used.  By default
+                          the program name is constructed by taking the file
+                          name from ``sys.argv[0]``.
+        :param complete_var: the environment variable that controls the
+                             bash completion support.  The default is
+                             ``"_<prog_name>_COMPLETE"`` with prog_name in
+                             uppercase.
+        :param standalone_mode: the default behavior is to invoke the script
+                                in standalone mode.  Click will then
+                                handle exceptions and convert them into
+                                error messages and the function will never
+                                return but shut down the interpreter.  If
+                                this is set to `False` they will be
+                                propagated to the caller and the return
+                                value of this function is the return value
+                                of :meth:`invoke`.
+        :param windows_expand_args: Expand glob patterns, user dir, and
+            env vars in command line args on Windows.
+        :param extra: extra keyword arguments are forwarded to the context
+                      constructor.  See :class:`Context` for more information.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0.1
+            Added the ``windows_expand_args`` parameter to allow
+            disabling command line arg expansion on Windows.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            When taking arguments from ``sys.argv`` on Windows, glob
+            patterns, user dir, and env vars are expanded.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+           Added the ``standalone_mode`` parameter.
+        """
+        # Verify that the environment is configured correctly, or reject
+        # further execution to avoid a broken script.
+        _verify_python_env()
+
+        if args is None:
+            args = sys.argv[1:]
+
+            if os.name == "nt" and windows_expand_args:
+                args = _expand_args(args)
+        else:
+            args = list(args)
+
+        if prog_name is None:
+            prog_name = _detect_program_name()
+
+        # Process shell completion requests and exit early.
+        self._main_shell_completion(extra, prog_name, complete_var)
+
+        try:
+            try:
+                with self.make_context(prog_name, args, **extra) as ctx:
+                    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
+                    if not standalone_mode:
+                        return rv
+                    # it's not safe to `ctx.exit(rv)` here!
+                    # note that `rv` may actually contain data like "1" which
+                    # has obvious effects
+                    # more subtle case: `rv=[None, None]` can come out of
+                    # chained commands which all returned `None` -- so it's not
+                    # even always obvious that `rv` indicates success/failure
+                    # by its truthiness/falsiness
+                    ctx.exit()
+            except (EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt):
+                echo(file=sys.stderr)
+                raise Abort() from None
+            except ClickException as e:
+                if not standalone_mode:
+                    raise
+                e.show()
+                sys.exit(e.exit_code)
+            except OSError as e:
+                if e.errno == errno.EPIPE:
+                    sys.stdout = t.cast(t.TextIO, PacifyFlushWrapper(sys.stdout))
+                    sys.stderr = t.cast(t.TextIO, PacifyFlushWrapper(sys.stderr))
+                    sys.exit(1)
+                else:
+                    raise
+        except Exit as e:
+            if standalone_mode:
+                sys.exit(e.exit_code)
+            else:
+                # in non-standalone mode, return the exit code
+                # note that this is only reached if `self.invoke` above raises
+                # an Exit explicitly -- thus bypassing the check there which
+                # would return its result
+                # the results of non-standalone execution may therefore be
+                # somewhat ambiguous: if there are codepaths which lead to
+                # `ctx.exit(1)` and to `return 1`, the caller won't be able to
+                # tell the difference between the two
+                return e.exit_code
+        except Abort:
+            if not standalone_mode:
+                raise
+            echo(_("Aborted!"), file=sys.stderr)
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+    def _main_shell_completion(
+        self,
+        ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+        prog_name: str,
+        complete_var: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Check if the shell is asking for tab completion, process
+        that, then exit early. Called from :meth:`main` before the
+        program is invoked.
+
+        :param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
+        :param complete_var: Name of the environment variable that holds
+            the completion instruction. Defaults to
+            ``_{PROG_NAME}_COMPLETE``.
+        """
+        if complete_var is None:
+            complete_var = f"_{prog_name}_COMPLETE".replace("-", "_").upper()
+
+        instruction = os.environ.get(complete_var)
+
+        if not instruction:
+            return
+
+        from .shell_completion import shell_complete
+
+        rv = shell_complete(self, ctx_args, prog_name, complete_var, instruction)
+        sys.exit(rv)
+
+    def __call__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Alias for :meth:`main`."""
+        return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class Command(BaseCommand):
+    """Commands are the basic building block of command line interfaces in
+    Click.  A basic command handles command line parsing and might dispatch
+    more parsing to commands nested below it.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+       Added the `context_settings` parameter.
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+       Added repr showing the command name
+    .. versionchanged:: 7.1
+       Added the `no_args_is_help` parameter.
+
+    :param name: the name of the command to use unless a group overrides it.
+    :param context_settings: an optional dictionary with defaults that are
+                             passed to the context object.
+    :param callback: the callback to invoke.  This is optional.
+    :param params: the parameters to register with this command.  This can
+                   be either :class:`Option` or :class:`Argument` objects.
+    :param help: the help string to use for this command.
+    :param epilog: like the help string but it's printed at the end of the
+                   help page after everything else.
+    :param short_help: the short help to use for this command.  This is
+                       shown on the command listing of the parent command.
+    :param add_help_option: by default each command registers a ``--help``
+                            option.  This can be disabled by this parameter.
+    :param no_args_is_help: this controls what happens if no arguments are
+                            provided.  This option is disabled by default.
+                            If enabled this will add ``--help`` as argument
+                            if no arguments are passed
+    :param hidden: hide this command from help outputs.
+
+    :param deprecated: issues a message indicating that
+                             the command is deprecated.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: t.Optional[str],
+        context_settings: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        callback: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., t.Any]] = None,
+        params: t.Optional[t.List["Parameter"]] = None,
+        help: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        epilog: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        short_help: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        options_metavar: t.Optional[str] = "[OPTIONS]",
+        add_help_option: bool = True,
+        no_args_is_help: bool = False,
+        hidden: bool = False,
+        deprecated: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name, context_settings)
+        #: the callback to execute when the command fires.  This might be
+        #: `None` in which case nothing happens.
+        self.callback = callback
+        #: the list of parameters for this command in the order they
+        #: should show up in the help page and execute.  Eager parameters
+        #: will automatically be handled before non eager ones.
+        self.params: t.List["Parameter"] = params or []
+
+        # if a form feed (page break) is found in the help text, truncate help
+        # text to the content preceding the first form feed
+        if help and "\f" in help:
+            help = help.split("\f", 1)[0]
+
+        self.help = help
+        self.epilog = epilog
+        self.options_metavar = options_metavar
+        self.short_help = short_help
+        self.add_help_option = add_help_option
+        self.no_args_is_help = no_args_is_help
+        self.hidden = hidden
+        self.deprecated = deprecated
+
+    def to_info_dict(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        info_dict = super().to_info_dict(ctx)
+        info_dict.update(
+            params=[param.to_info_dict() for param in self.get_params(ctx)],
+            help=self.help,
+            epilog=self.epilog,
+            short_help=self.short_help,
+            hidden=self.hidden,
+            deprecated=self.deprecated,
+        )
+        return info_dict
+
+    def get_usage(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+        """Formats the usage line into a string and returns it.
+
+        Calls :meth:`format_usage` internally.
+        """
+        formatter = ctx.make_formatter()
+        self.format_usage(ctx, formatter)
+        return formatter.getvalue().rstrip("\n")
+
+    def get_params(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List["Parameter"]:
+        rv = self.params
+        help_option = self.get_help_option(ctx)
+
+        if help_option is not None:
+            rv = [*rv, help_option]
+
+        return rv
+
+    def format_usage(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+        """Writes the usage line into the formatter.
+
+        This is a low-level method called by :meth:`get_usage`.
+        """
+        pieces = self.collect_usage_pieces(ctx)
+        formatter.write_usage(ctx.command_path, " ".join(pieces))
+
+    def collect_usage_pieces(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+        """Returns all the pieces that go into the usage line and returns
+        it as a list of strings.
+        """
+        rv = [self.options_metavar] if self.options_metavar else []
+
+        for param in self.get_params(ctx):
+            rv.extend(param.get_usage_pieces(ctx))
+
+        return rv
+
+    def get_help_option_names(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+        """Returns the names for the help option."""
+        all_names = set(ctx.help_option_names)
+        for param in self.params:
+            all_names.difference_update(param.opts)
+            all_names.difference_update(param.secondary_opts)
+        return list(all_names)
+
+    def get_help_option(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional["Option"]:
+        """Returns the help option object."""
+        help_options = self.get_help_option_names(ctx)
+
+        if not help_options or not self.add_help_option:
+            return None
+
+        def show_help(ctx: Context, param: "Parameter", value: str) -> None:
+            if value and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+                echo(ctx.get_help(), color=ctx.color)
+                ctx.exit()
+
+        return Option(
+            help_options,
+            is_flag=True,
+            is_eager=True,
+            expose_value=False,
+            callback=show_help,
+            help=_("Show this message and exit."),
+        )
+
+    def make_parser(self, ctx: Context) -> OptionParser:
+        """Creates the underlying option parser for this command."""
+        parser = OptionParser(ctx)
+        for param in self.get_params(ctx):
+            param.add_to_parser(parser, ctx)
+        return parser
+
+    def get_help(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+        """Formats the help into a string and returns it.
+
+        Calls :meth:`format_help` internally.
+        """
+        formatter = ctx.make_formatter()
+        self.format_help(ctx, formatter)
+        return formatter.getvalue().rstrip("\n")
+
+    def get_short_help_str(self, limit: int = 45) -> str:
+        """Gets short help for the command or makes it by shortening the
+        long help string.
+        """
+        text = self.short_help or ""
+
+        if not text and self.help:
+            text = make_default_short_help(self.help, limit)
+
+        if self.deprecated:
+            text = _("(Deprecated) {text}").format(text=text)
+
+        return text.strip()
+
+    def format_help(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+        """Writes the help into the formatter if it exists.
+
+        This is a low-level method called by :meth:`get_help`.
+
+        This calls the following methods:
+
+        -   :meth:`format_usage`
+        -   :meth:`format_help_text`
+        -   :meth:`format_options`
+        -   :meth:`format_epilog`
+        """
+        self.format_usage(ctx, formatter)
+        self.format_help_text(ctx, formatter)
+        self.format_options(ctx, formatter)
+        self.format_epilog(ctx, formatter)
+
+    def format_help_text(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+        """Writes the help text to the formatter if it exists."""
+        text = self.help or ""
+
+        if self.deprecated:
+            text = _("(Deprecated) {text}").format(text=text)
+
+        if text:
+            formatter.write_paragraph()
+
+            with formatter.indentation():
+                formatter.write_text(text)
+
+    def format_options(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+        """Writes all the options into the formatter if they exist."""
+        opts = []
+        for param in self.get_params(ctx):
+            rv = param.get_help_record(ctx)
+            if rv is not None:
+                opts.append(rv)
+
+        if opts:
+            with formatter.section(_("Options")):
+                formatter.write_dl(opts)
+
+    def format_epilog(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+        """Writes the epilog into the formatter if it exists."""
+        if self.epilog:
+            formatter.write_paragraph()
+            with formatter.indentation():
+                formatter.write_text(self.epilog)
+
+    def parse_args(self, ctx: Context, args: t.List[str]) -> t.List[str]:
+        if not args and self.no_args_is_help and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+            echo(ctx.get_help(), color=ctx.color)
+            ctx.exit()
+
+        parser = self.make_parser(ctx)
+        opts, args, param_order = parser.parse_args(args=args)
+
+        for param in iter_params_for_processing(param_order, self.get_params(ctx)):
+            value, args = param.handle_parse_result(ctx, opts, args)
+
+        if args and not ctx.allow_extra_args and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+            ctx.fail(
+                ngettext(
+                    "Got unexpected extra argument ({args})",
+                    "Got unexpected extra arguments ({args})",
+                    len(args),
+                ).format(args=" ".join(map(str, args)))
+            )
+
+        ctx.args = args
+        return args
+
+    def invoke(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Any:
+        """Given a context, this invokes the attached callback (if it exists)
+        in the right way.
+        """
+        if self.deprecated:
+            message = _(
+                "DeprecationWarning: The command {name!r} is deprecated."
+            ).format(name=self.name)
+            echo(style(message, fg="red"), err=True)
+
+        if self.callback is not None:
+            return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
+
+    def shell_complete(self, ctx: Context, incomplete: str) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+        """Return a list of completions for the incomplete value. Looks
+        at the names of options and chained multi-commands.
+
+        :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+        :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+        results: t.List["CompletionItem"] = []
+
+        if incomplete and not incomplete[0].isalnum():
+            for param in self.get_params(ctx):
+                if (
+                    not isinstance(param, Option)
+                    or param.hidden
+                    or (
+                        not param.multiple
+                        and ctx.get_parameter_source(param.name)  # type: ignore
+                        is ParameterSource.COMMANDLINE
+                    )
+                ):
+                    continue
+
+                results.extend(
+                    CompletionItem(name, help=param.help)
+                    for name in [*param.opts, *param.secondary_opts]
+                    if name.startswith(incomplete)
+                )
+
+        results.extend(super().shell_complete(ctx, incomplete))
+        return results
+
+
+class MultiCommand(Command):
+    """A multi command is the basic implementation of a command that
+    dispatches to subcommands.  The most common version is the
+    :class:`Group`.
+
+    :param invoke_without_command: this controls how the multi command itself
+                                   is invoked.  By default it's only invoked
+                                   if a subcommand is provided.
+    :param no_args_is_help: this controls what happens if no arguments are
+                            provided.  This option is enabled by default if
+                            `invoke_without_command` is disabled or disabled
+                            if it's enabled.  If enabled this will add
+                            ``--help`` as argument if no arguments are
+                            passed.
+    :param subcommand_metavar: the string that is used in the documentation
+                               to indicate the subcommand place.
+    :param chain: if this is set to `True` chaining of multiple subcommands
+                  is enabled.  This restricts the form of commands in that
+                  they cannot have optional arguments but it allows
+                  multiple commands to be chained together.
+    :param result_callback: The result callback to attach to this multi
+        command. This can be set or changed later with the
+        :meth:`result_callback` decorator.
+    """
+
+    allow_extra_args = True
+    allow_interspersed_args = False
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        invoke_without_command: bool = False,
+        no_args_is_help: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        subcommand_metavar: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        chain: bool = False,
+        result_callback: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., t.Any]] = None,
+        **attrs: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name, **attrs)
+
+        if no_args_is_help is None:
+            no_args_is_help = not invoke_without_command
+
+        self.no_args_is_help = no_args_is_help
+        self.invoke_without_command = invoke_without_command
+
+        if subcommand_metavar is None:
+            if chain:
+                subcommand_metavar = "COMMAND1 [ARGS]... [COMMAND2 [ARGS]...]..."
+            else:
+                subcommand_metavar = "COMMAND [ARGS]..."
+
+        self.subcommand_metavar = subcommand_metavar
+        self.chain = chain
+        # The result callback that is stored. This can be set or
+        # overridden with the :func:`result_callback` decorator.
+        self._result_callback = result_callback
+
+        if self.chain:
+            for param in self.params:
+                if isinstance(param, Argument) and not param.required:
+                    raise RuntimeError(
+                        "Multi commands in chain mode cannot have"
+                        " optional arguments."
+                    )
+
+    def to_info_dict(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        info_dict = super().to_info_dict(ctx)
+        commands = {}
+
+        for name in self.list_commands(ctx):
+            command = self.get_command(ctx, name)
+
+            if command is None:
+                continue
+
+            sub_ctx = ctx._make_sub_context(command)
+
+            with sub_ctx.scope(cleanup=False):
+                commands[name] = command.to_info_dict(sub_ctx)
+
+        info_dict.update(commands=commands, chain=self.chain)
+        return info_dict
+
+    def collect_usage_pieces(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+        rv = super().collect_usage_pieces(ctx)
+        rv.append(self.subcommand_metavar)
+        return rv
+
+    def format_options(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+        super().format_options(ctx, formatter)
+        self.format_commands(ctx, formatter)
+
+    def result_callback(self, replace: bool = False) -> t.Callable[[F], F]:
+        """Adds a result callback to the command.  By default if a
+        result callback is already registered this will chain them but
+        this can be disabled with the `replace` parameter.  The result
+        callback is invoked with the return value of the subcommand
+        (or the list of return values from all subcommands if chaining
+        is enabled) as well as the parameters as they would be passed
+        to the main callback.
+
+        Example::
+
+            @click.group()
+            @click.option('-i', '--input', default=23)
+            def cli(input):
+                return 42
+
+            @cli.result_callback()
+            def process_result(result, input):
+                return result + input
+
+        :param replace: if set to `True` an already existing result
+                        callback will be removed.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Renamed from ``resultcallback``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+
+        def decorator(f: F) -> F:
+            old_callback = self._result_callback
+
+            if old_callback is None or replace:
+                self._result_callback = f
+                return f
+
+            def function(__value, *args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+                inner = old_callback(__value, *args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+                return f(inner, *args, **kwargs)
+
+            self._result_callback = rv = update_wrapper(t.cast(F, function), f)
+            return rv
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def resultcallback(self, replace: bool = False) -> t.Callable[[F], F]:
+        import warnings
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'resultcallback' has been renamed to 'result_callback'."
+            " The old name will be removed in Click 8.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return self.result_callback(replace=replace)
+
+    def format_commands(self, ctx: Context, formatter: HelpFormatter) -> None:
+        """Extra format methods for multi methods that adds all the commands
+        after the options.
+        """
+        commands = []
+        for subcommand in self.list_commands(ctx):
+            cmd = self.get_command(ctx, subcommand)
+            # What is this, the tool lied about a command.  Ignore it
+            if cmd is None:
+                continue
+            if cmd.hidden:
+                continue
+
+            commands.append((subcommand, cmd))
+
+        # allow for 3 times the default spacing
+        if len(commands):
+            limit = formatter.width - 6 - max(len(cmd[0]) for cmd in commands)
+
+            rows = []
+            for subcommand, cmd in commands:
+                help = cmd.get_short_help_str(limit)
+                rows.append((subcommand, help))
+
+            if rows:
+                with formatter.section(_("Commands")):
+                    formatter.write_dl(rows)
+
+    def parse_args(self, ctx: Context, args: t.List[str]) -> t.List[str]:
+        if not args and self.no_args_is_help and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+            echo(ctx.get_help(), color=ctx.color)
+            ctx.exit()
+
+        rest = super().parse_args(ctx, args)
+
+        if self.chain:
+            ctx.protected_args = rest
+            ctx.args = []
+        elif rest:
+            ctx.protected_args, ctx.args = rest[:1], rest[1:]
+
+        return ctx.args
+
+    def invoke(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Any:
+        def _process_result(value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+            if self._result_callback is not None:
+                value = ctx.invoke(self._result_callback, value, **ctx.params)
+            return value
+
+        if not ctx.protected_args:
+            if self.invoke_without_command:
+                # No subcommand was invoked, so the result callback is
+                # invoked with None for regular groups, or an empty list
+                # for chained groups.
+                with ctx:
+                    super().invoke(ctx)
+                    return _process_result([] if self.chain else None)
+            ctx.fail(_("Missing command."))
+
+        # Fetch args back out
+        args = [*ctx.protected_args, *ctx.args]
+        ctx.args = []
+        ctx.protected_args = []
+
+        # If we're not in chain mode, we only allow the invocation of a
+        # single command but we also inform the current context about the
+        # name of the command to invoke.
+        if not self.chain:
+            # Make sure the context is entered so we do not clean up
+            # resources until the result processor has worked.
+            with ctx:
+                cmd_name, cmd, args = self.resolve_command(ctx, args)
+                assert cmd is not None
+                ctx.invoked_subcommand = cmd_name
+                super().invoke(ctx)
+                sub_ctx = cmd.make_context(cmd_name, args, parent=ctx)
+                with sub_ctx:
+                    return _process_result(sub_ctx.command.invoke(sub_ctx))
+
+        # In chain mode we create the contexts step by step, but after the
+        # base command has been invoked.  Because at that point we do not
+        # know the subcommands yet, the invoked subcommand attribute is
+        # set to ``*`` to inform the command that subcommands are executed
+        # but nothing else.
+        with ctx:
+            ctx.invoked_subcommand = "*" if args else None
+            super().invoke(ctx)
+
+            # Otherwise we make every single context and invoke them in a
+            # chain.  In that case the return value to the result processor
+            # is the list of all invoked subcommand's results.
+            contexts = []
+            while args:
+                cmd_name, cmd, args = self.resolve_command(ctx, args)
+                assert cmd is not None
+                sub_ctx = cmd.make_context(
+                    cmd_name,
+                    args,
+                    parent=ctx,
+                    allow_extra_args=True,
+                    allow_interspersed_args=False,
+                )
+                contexts.append(sub_ctx)
+                args, sub_ctx.args = sub_ctx.args, []
+
+            rv = []
+            for sub_ctx in contexts:
+                with sub_ctx:
+                    rv.append(sub_ctx.command.invoke(sub_ctx))
+            return _process_result(rv)
+
+    def resolve_command(
+        self, ctx: Context, args: t.List[str]
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[Command], t.List[str]]:
+        cmd_name = make_str(args[0])
+        original_cmd_name = cmd_name
+
+        # Get the command
+        cmd = self.get_command(ctx, cmd_name)
+
+        # If we can't find the command but there is a normalization
+        # function available, we try with that one.
+        if cmd is None and ctx.token_normalize_func is not None:
+            cmd_name = ctx.token_normalize_func(cmd_name)
+            cmd = self.get_command(ctx, cmd_name)
+
+        # If we don't find the command we want to show an error message
+        # to the user that it was not provided.  However, there is
+        # something else we should do: if the first argument looks like
+        # an option we want to kick off parsing again for arguments to
+        # resolve things like --help which now should go to the main
+        # place.
+        if cmd is None and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+            if split_opt(cmd_name)[0]:
+                self.parse_args(ctx, ctx.args)
+            ctx.fail(_("No such command {name!r}.").format(name=original_cmd_name))
+        return cmd_name if cmd else None, cmd, args[1:]
+
+    def get_command(self, ctx: Context, cmd_name: str) -> t.Optional[Command]:
+        """Given a context and a command name, this returns a
+        :class:`Command` object if it exists or returns `None`.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def list_commands(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+        """Returns a list of subcommand names in the order they should
+        appear.
+        """
+        return []
+
+    def shell_complete(self, ctx: Context, incomplete: str) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+        """Return a list of completions for the incomplete value. Looks
+        at the names of options, subcommands, and chained
+        multi-commands.
+
+        :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+        :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+        results = [
+            CompletionItem(name, help=command.get_short_help_str())
+            for name, command in _complete_visible_commands(ctx, incomplete)
+        ]
+        results.extend(super().shell_complete(ctx, incomplete))
+        return results
+
+
+class Group(MultiCommand):
+    """A group allows a command to have subcommands attached. This is
+    the most common way to implement nesting in Click.
+
+    :param name: The name of the group command.
+    :param commands: A dict mapping names to :class:`Command` objects.
+        Can also be a list of :class:`Command`, which will use
+        :attr:`Command.name` to create the dict.
+    :param attrs: Other command arguments described in
+        :class:`MultiCommand`, :class:`Command`, and
+        :class:`BaseCommand`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        The ``commmands`` argument can be a list of command objects.
+    """
+
+    #: If set, this is used by the group's :meth:`command` decorator
+    #: as the default :class:`Command` class. This is useful to make all
+    #: subcommands use a custom command class.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 8.0
+    command_class: t.Optional[t.Type[Command]] = None
+
+    #: If set, this is used by the group's :meth:`group` decorator
+    #: as the default :class:`Group` class. This is useful to make all
+    #: subgroups use a custom group class.
+    #:
+    #: If set to the special value :class:`type` (literally
+    #: ``group_class = type``), this group's class will be used as the
+    #: default class. This makes a custom group class continue to make
+    #: custom groups.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 8.0
+    group_class: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Type["Group"], t.Type[type]]] = None
+    # Literal[type] isn't valid, so use Type[type]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        commands: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Dict[str, Command], t.Sequence[Command]]] = None,
+        **attrs: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name, **attrs)
+
+        if commands is None:
+            commands = {}
+        elif isinstance(commands, abc.Sequence):
+            commands = {c.name: c for c in commands if c.name is not None}
+
+        #: The registered subcommands by their exported names.
+        self.commands: t.Dict[str, Command] = commands
+
+    def add_command(self, cmd: Command, name: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """Registers another :class:`Command` with this group.  If the name
+        is not provided, the name of the command is used.
+        """
+        name = name or cmd.name
+        if name is None:
+            raise TypeError("Command has no name.")
+        _check_multicommand(self, name, cmd, register=True)
+        self.commands[name] = cmd
+
+    def command(
+        self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> t.Callable[[t.Callable[..., t.Any]], Command]:
+        """A shortcut decorator for declaring and attaching a command to
+        the group. This takes the same arguments as :func:`command` and
+        immediately registers the created command with this group by
+        calling :meth:`add_command`.
+
+        To customize the command class used, set the
+        :attr:`command_class` attribute.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Added the :attr:`command_class` attribute.
+        """
+        from .decorators import command
+
+        if self.command_class is not None and "cls" not in kwargs:
+            kwargs["cls"] = self.command_class
+
+        def decorator(f: t.Callable[..., t.Any]) -> Command:
+            cmd = command(*args, **kwargs)(f)
+            self.add_command(cmd)
+            return cmd
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def group(
+        self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> t.Callable[[t.Callable[..., t.Any]], "Group"]:
+        """A shortcut decorator for declaring and attaching a group to
+        the group. This takes the same arguments as :func:`group` and
+        immediately registers the created group with this group by
+        calling :meth:`add_command`.
+
+        To customize the group class used, set the :attr:`group_class`
+        attribute.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Added the :attr:`group_class` attribute.
+        """
+        from .decorators import group
+
+        if self.group_class is not None and "cls" not in kwargs:
+            if self.group_class is type:
+                kwargs["cls"] = type(self)
+            else:
+                kwargs["cls"] = self.group_class
+
+        def decorator(f: t.Callable[..., t.Any]) -> "Group":
+            cmd = group(*args, **kwargs)(f)
+            self.add_command(cmd)
+            return cmd
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def get_command(self, ctx: Context, cmd_name: str) -> t.Optional[Command]:
+        return self.commands.get(cmd_name)
+
+    def list_commands(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+        return sorted(self.commands)
+
+
+class CommandCollection(MultiCommand):
+    """A command collection is a multi command that merges multiple multi
+    commands together into one.  This is a straightforward implementation
+    that accepts a list of different multi commands as sources and
+    provides all the commands for each of them.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        sources: t.Optional[t.List[MultiCommand]] = None,
+        **attrs: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(name, **attrs)
+        #: The list of registered multi commands.
+        self.sources: t.List[MultiCommand] = sources or []
+
+    def add_source(self, multi_cmd: MultiCommand) -> None:
+        """Adds a new multi command to the chain dispatcher."""
+        self.sources.append(multi_cmd)
+
+    def get_command(self, ctx: Context, cmd_name: str) -> t.Optional[Command]:
+        for source in self.sources:
+            rv = source.get_command(ctx, cmd_name)
+
+            if rv is not None:
+                if self.chain:
+                    _check_multicommand(self, cmd_name, rv)
+
+                return rv
+
+        return None
+
+    def list_commands(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+        rv: t.Set[str] = set()
+
+        for source in self.sources:
+            rv.update(source.list_commands(ctx))
+
+        return sorted(rv)
+
+
+def _check_iter(value: t.Any) -> t.Iterator[t.Any]:
+    """Check if the value is iterable but not a string. Raises a type
+    error, or return an iterator over the value.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        raise TypeError
+
+    return iter(value)
+
+
+class Parameter:
+    r"""A parameter to a command comes in two versions: they are either
+    :class:`Option`\s or :class:`Argument`\s.  Other subclasses are currently
+    not supported by design as some of the internals for parsing are
+    intentionally not finalized.
+
+    Some settings are supported by both options and arguments.
+
+    :param param_decls: the parameter declarations for this option or
+                        argument.  This is a list of flags or argument
+                        names.
+    :param type: the type that should be used.  Either a :class:`ParamType`
+                 or a Python type.  The later is converted into the former
+                 automatically if supported.
+    :param required: controls if this is optional or not.
+    :param default: the default value if omitted.  This can also be a callable,
+                    in which case it's invoked when the default is needed
+                    without any arguments.
+    :param callback: A function to further process or validate the value
+        after type conversion. It is called as ``f(ctx, param, value)``
+        and must return the value. It is called for all sources,
+        including prompts.
+    :param nargs: the number of arguments to match.  If not ``1`` the return
+                  value is a tuple instead of single value.  The default for
+                  nargs is ``1`` (except if the type is a tuple, then it's
+                  the arity of the tuple). If ``nargs=-1``, all remaining
+                  parameters are collected.
+    :param metavar: how the value is represented in the help page.
+    :param expose_value: if this is `True` then the value is passed onwards
+                         to the command callback and stored on the context,
+                         otherwise it's skipped.
+    :param is_eager: eager values are processed before non eager ones.  This
+                     should not be set for arguments or it will inverse the
+                     order of processing.
+    :param envvar: a string or list of strings that are environment variables
+                   that should be checked.
+    :param shell_complete: A function that returns custom shell
+        completions. Used instead of the param's type completion if
+        given. Takes ``ctx, param, incomplete`` and must return a list
+        of :class:`~click.shell_completion.CompletionItem` or a list of
+        strings.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        ``process_value`` validates required parameters and bounded
+        ``nargs``, and invokes the parameter callback before returning
+        the value. This allows the callback to validate prompts.
+        ``full_process_value`` is removed.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        ``autocompletion`` is renamed to ``shell_complete`` and has new
+        semantics described above. The old name is deprecated and will
+        be removed in 8.1, until then it will be wrapped to match the
+        new requirements.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        For ``multiple=True, nargs>1``, the default must be a list of
+        tuples.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Setting a default is no longer required for ``nargs>1``, it will
+        default to ``None``. ``multiple=True`` or ``nargs=-1`` will
+        default to ``()``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 7.1
+        Empty environment variables are ignored rather than taking the
+        empty string value. This makes it possible for scripts to clear
+        variables if they can't unset them.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Changed signature for parameter callback to also be passed the
+        parameter. The old callback format will still work, but it will
+        raise a warning to give you a chance to migrate the code easier.
+    """
+
+    param_type_name = "parameter"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        param_decls: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+        type: t.Optional[t.Union[types.ParamType, t.Any]] = None,
+        required: bool = False,
+        default: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]] = None,
+        callback: t.Optional[t.Callable[[Context, "Parameter", t.Any], t.Any]] = None,
+        nargs: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        multiple: bool = False,
+        metavar: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        expose_value: bool = True,
+        is_eager: bool = False,
+        envvar: t.Optional[t.Union[str, t.Sequence[str]]] = None,
+        shell_complete: t.Optional[
+            t.Callable[
+                [Context, "Parameter", str],
+                t.Union[t.List["CompletionItem"], t.List[str]],
+            ]
+        ] = None,
+        autocompletion: t.Optional[
+            t.Callable[
+                [Context, t.List[str], str], t.List[t.Union[t.Tuple[str, str], str]]
+            ]
+        ] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.name, self.opts, self.secondary_opts = self._parse_decls(
+            param_decls or (), expose_value
+        )
+        self.type = types.convert_type(type, default)
+
+        # Default nargs to what the type tells us if we have that
+        # information available.
+        if nargs is None:
+            if self.type.is_composite:
+                nargs = self.type.arity
+            else:
+                nargs = 1
+
+        self.required = required
+        self.callback = callback
+        self.nargs = nargs
+        self.multiple = multiple
+        self.expose_value = expose_value
+        self.default = default
+        self.is_eager = is_eager
+        self.metavar = metavar
+        self.envvar = envvar
+
+        if autocompletion is not None:
+            import warnings
+
+            warnings.warn(
+                "'autocompletion' is renamed to 'shell_complete'. The old name is"
+                " deprecated and will be removed in Click 8.1. See the docs about"
+                " 'Parameter' for information about new behavior.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+
+            def shell_complete(
+                ctx: Context, param: "Parameter", incomplete: str
+            ) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+                from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+                out = []
+
+                for c in autocompletion(ctx, [], incomplete):  # type: ignore
+                    if isinstance(c, tuple):
+                        c = CompletionItem(c[0], help=c[1])
+                    elif isinstance(c, str):
+                        c = CompletionItem(c)
+
+                    if c.value.startswith(incomplete):
+                        out.append(c)
+
+                return out
+
+        self._custom_shell_complete = shell_complete
+
+        if __debug__:
+            if self.type.is_composite and nargs != self.type.arity:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"'nargs' must be {self.type.arity} (or None) for"
+                    f" type {self.type!r}, but it was {nargs}."
+                )
+
+            # Skip no default or callable default.
+            check_default = default if not callable(default) else None
+
+            if check_default is not None:
+                if multiple:
+                    try:
+                        # Only check the first value against nargs.
+                        check_default = next(_check_iter(check_default), None)
+                    except TypeError:
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            "'default' must be a list when 'multiple' is true."
+                        ) from None
+
+                # Can be None for multiple with empty default.
+                if nargs != 1 and check_default is not None:
+                    try:
+                        _check_iter(check_default)
+                    except TypeError:
+                        if multiple:
+                            message = (
+                                "'default' must be a list of lists when 'multiple' is"
+                                " true and 'nargs' != 1."
+                            )
+                        else:
+                            message = "'default' must be a list when 'nargs' != 1."
+
+                        raise ValueError(message) from None
+
+                    if nargs > 1 and len(check_default) != nargs:
+                        subject = "item length" if multiple else "length"
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            f"'default' {subject} must match nargs={nargs}."
+                        )
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """Gather information that could be useful for a tool generating
+        user-facing documentation.
+
+        Use :meth:`click.Context.to_info_dict` to traverse the entire
+        CLI structure.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        return {
+            "name": self.name,
+            "param_type_name": self.param_type_name,
+            "opts": self.opts,
+            "secondary_opts": self.secondary_opts,
+            "type": self.type.to_info_dict(),
+            "required": self.required,
+            "nargs": self.nargs,
+            "multiple": self.multiple,
+            "default": self.default,
+            "envvar": self.envvar,
+        }
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} {self.name}>"
+
+    def _parse_decls(
+        self, decls: t.Sequence[str], expose_value: bool
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.List[str], t.List[str]]:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def human_readable_name(self) -> str:
+        """Returns the human readable name of this parameter.  This is the
+        same as the name for options, but the metavar for arguments.
+        """
+        return self.name  # type: ignore
+
+    def make_metavar(self) -> str:
+        if self.metavar is not None:
+            return self.metavar
+
+        metavar = self.type.get_metavar(self)
+
+        if metavar is None:
+            metavar = self.type.name.upper()
+
+        if self.nargs != 1:
+            metavar += "..."
+
+        return metavar
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def get_default(
+        self, ctx: Context, call: "te.Literal[True]" = True
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def get_default(
+        self, ctx: Context, call: bool = ...
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]]:
+        ...
+
+    def get_default(
+        self, ctx: Context, call: bool = True
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]]:
+        """Get the default for the parameter. Tries
+        :meth:`Context.lookup_default` first, then the local default.
+
+        :param ctx: Current context.
+        :param call: If the default is a callable, call it. Disable to
+            return the callable instead.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0.2
+            Type casting is no longer performed when getting a default.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0.1
+            Type casting can fail in resilient parsing mode. Invalid
+            defaults will not prevent showing help text.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Looks at ``ctx.default_map`` first.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Added the ``call`` parameter.
+        """
+        value = ctx.lookup_default(self.name, call=False)  # type: ignore
+
+        if value is None:
+            value = self.default
+
+        if call and callable(value):
+            value = value()
+
+        return value
+
+    def add_to_parser(self, parser: OptionParser, ctx: Context) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def consume_value(
+        self, ctx: Context, opts: t.Mapping[str, t.Any]
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, ParameterSource]:
+        value = opts.get(self.name)  # type: ignore
+        source = ParameterSource.COMMANDLINE
+
+        if value is None:
+            value = self.value_from_envvar(ctx)
+            source = ParameterSource.ENVIRONMENT
+
+        if value is None:
+            value = ctx.lookup_default(self.name)  # type: ignore
+            source = ParameterSource.DEFAULT_MAP
+
+        if value is None:
+            value = self.get_default(ctx)
+            source = ParameterSource.DEFAULT
+
+        return value, source
+
+    def type_cast_value(self, ctx: Context, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Convert and validate a value against the option's
+        :attr:`type`, :attr:`multiple`, and :attr:`nargs`.
+        """
+        if value is None:
+            return () if self.multiple or self.nargs == -1 else None
+
+        def check_iter(value: t.Any) -> t.Iterator:
+            try:
+                return _check_iter(value)
+            except TypeError:
+                # This should only happen when passing in args manually,
+                # the parser should construct an iterable when parsing
+                # the command line.
+                raise BadParameter(
+                    _("Value must be an iterable."), ctx=ctx, param=self
+                ) from None
+
+        if self.nargs == 1 or self.type.is_composite:
+            convert: t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any] = partial(
+                self.type, param=self, ctx=ctx
+            )
+        elif self.nargs == -1:
+
+            def convert(value: t.Any) -> t.Tuple:
+                return tuple(self.type(x, self, ctx) for x in check_iter(value))
+
+        else:  # nargs > 1
+
+            def convert(value: t.Any) -> t.Tuple:
+                value = tuple(check_iter(value))
+
+                if len(value) != self.nargs:
+                    raise BadParameter(
+                        ngettext(
+                            "Takes {nargs} values but 1 was given.",
+                            "Takes {nargs} values but {len} were given.",
+                            len(value),
+                        ).format(nargs=self.nargs, len=len(value)),
+                        ctx=ctx,
+                        param=self,
+                    )
+
+                return tuple(self.type(x, self, ctx) for x in value)
+
+        if self.multiple:
+            return tuple(convert(x) for x in check_iter(value))
+
+        return convert(value)
+
+    def value_is_missing(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        if value is None:
+            return True
+
+        if (self.nargs != 1 or self.multiple) and value == ():
+            return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def process_value(self, ctx: Context, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        value = self.type_cast_value(ctx, value)
+
+        if self.required and self.value_is_missing(value):
+            raise MissingParameter(ctx=ctx, param=self)
+
+        if self.callback is not None:
+            value = self.callback(ctx, self, value)
+
+        return value
+
+    def resolve_envvar_value(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        if self.envvar is None:
+            return None
+
+        if isinstance(self.envvar, str):
+            rv = os.environ.get(self.envvar)
+
+            if rv:
+                return rv
+        else:
+            for envvar in self.envvar:
+                rv = os.environ.get(envvar)
+
+                if rv:
+                    return rv
+
+        return None
+
+    def value_from_envvar(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        rv: t.Optional[t.Any] = self.resolve_envvar_value(ctx)
+
+        if rv is not None and self.nargs != 1:
+            rv = self.type.split_envvar_value(rv)
+
+        return rv
+
+    def handle_parse_result(
+        self, ctx: Context, opts: t.Mapping[str, t.Any], args: t.List[str]
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, t.List[str]]:
+        with augment_usage_errors(ctx, param=self):
+            value, source = self.consume_value(ctx, opts)
+            ctx.set_parameter_source(self.name, source)  # type: ignore
+
+            try:
+                value = self.process_value(ctx, value)
+            except Exception:
+                if not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+                    raise
+
+                value = None
+
+        if self.expose_value:
+            ctx.params[self.name] = value  # type: ignore
+
+        return value, args
+
+    def get_help_record(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        pass
+
+    def get_usage_pieces(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+        return []
+
+    def get_error_hint(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+        """Get a stringified version of the param for use in error messages to
+        indicate which param caused the error.
+        """
+        hint_list = self.opts or [self.human_readable_name]
+        return " / ".join(f"'{x}'" for x in hint_list)
+
+    def shell_complete(self, ctx: Context, incomplete: str) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+        """Return a list of completions for the incomplete value. If a
+        ``shell_complete`` function was given during init, it is used.
+        Otherwise, the :attr:`type`
+        :meth:`~click.types.ParamType.shell_complete` function is used.
+
+        :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+        :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        if self._custom_shell_complete is not None:
+            results = self._custom_shell_complete(ctx, self, incomplete)
+
+            if results and isinstance(results[0], str):
+                from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+                results = [CompletionItem(c) for c in results]
+
+            return t.cast(t.List["CompletionItem"], results)
+
+        return self.type.shell_complete(ctx, self, incomplete)
+
+
+class Option(Parameter):
+    """Options are usually optional values on the command line and
+    have some extra features that arguments don't have.
+
+    All other parameters are passed onwards to the parameter constructor.
+
+    :param show_default: controls if the default value should be shown on the
+                         help page. Normally, defaults are not shown. If this
+                         value is a string, it shows the string instead of the
+                         value. This is particularly useful for dynamic options.
+    :param show_envvar: controls if an environment variable should be shown on
+                        the help page.  Normally, environment variables
+                        are not shown.
+    :param prompt: if set to `True` or a non empty string then the user will be
+                   prompted for input.  If set to `True` the prompt will be the
+                   option name capitalized.
+    :param confirmation_prompt: Prompt a second time to confirm the
+        value if it was prompted for. Can be set to a string instead of
+        ``True`` to customize the message.
+    :param prompt_required: If set to ``False``, the user will be
+        prompted for input only when the option was specified as a flag
+        without a value.
+    :param hide_input: if this is `True` then the input on the prompt will be
+                       hidden from the user.  This is useful for password
+                       input.
+    :param is_flag: forces this option to act as a flag.  The default is
+                    auto detection.
+    :param flag_value: which value should be used for this flag if it's
+                       enabled.  This is set to a boolean automatically if
+                       the option string contains a slash to mark two options.
+    :param multiple: if this is set to `True` then the argument is accepted
+                     multiple times and recorded.  This is similar to ``nargs``
+                     in how it works but supports arbitrary number of
+                     arguments.
+    :param count: this flag makes an option increment an integer.
+    :param allow_from_autoenv: if this is enabled then the value of this
+                               parameter will be pulled from an environment
+                               variable in case a prefix is defined on the
+                               context.
+    :param help: the help string.
+    :param hidden: hide this option from help outputs.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0.1
+        ``type`` is detected from ``flag_value`` if given.
+    """
+
+    param_type_name = "option"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        param_decls: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+        show_default: t.Union[bool, str] = False,
+        prompt: t.Union[bool, str] = False,
+        confirmation_prompt: t.Union[bool, str] = False,
+        prompt_required: bool = True,
+        hide_input: bool = False,
+        is_flag: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        flag_value: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+        multiple: bool = False,
+        count: bool = False,
+        allow_from_autoenv: bool = True,
+        type: t.Optional[t.Union[types.ParamType, t.Any]] = None,
+        help: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        hidden: bool = False,
+        show_choices: bool = True,
+        show_envvar: bool = False,
+        **attrs: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        default_is_missing = "default" not in attrs
+        super().__init__(param_decls, type=type, multiple=multiple, **attrs)
+
+        if prompt is True:
+            if self.name is None:
+                raise TypeError("'name' is required with 'prompt=True'.")
+
+            prompt_text: t.Optional[str] = self.name.replace("_", " ").capitalize()
+        elif prompt is False:
+            prompt_text = None
+        else:
+            prompt_text = t.cast(str, prompt)
+
+        self.prompt = prompt_text
+        self.confirmation_prompt = confirmation_prompt
+        self.prompt_required = prompt_required
+        self.hide_input = hide_input
+        self.hidden = hidden
+
+        # If prompt is enabled but not required, then the option can be
+        # used as a flag to indicate using prompt or flag_value.
+        self._flag_needs_value = self.prompt is not None and not self.prompt_required
+
+        if is_flag is None:
+            if flag_value is not None:
+                # Implicitly a flag because flag_value was set.
+                is_flag = True
+            elif self._flag_needs_value:
+                # Not a flag, but when used as a flag it shows a prompt.
+                is_flag = False
+            else:
+                # Implicitly a flag because flag options were given.
+                is_flag = bool(self.secondary_opts)
+        elif is_flag is False and not self._flag_needs_value:
+            # Not a flag, and prompt is not enabled, can be used as a
+            # flag if flag_value is set.
+            self._flag_needs_value = flag_value is not None
+
+        if is_flag and default_is_missing:
+            self.default: t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]] = False
+
+        if flag_value is None:
+            flag_value = not self.default
+
+        if is_flag and type is None:
+            # Re-guess the type from the flag value instead of the
+            # default.
+            self.type = types.convert_type(None, flag_value)
+
+        self.is_flag: bool = is_flag
+        self.is_bool_flag = is_flag and isinstance(self.type, types.BoolParamType)
+        self.flag_value: t.Any = flag_value
+
+        # Counting
+        self.count = count
+        if count:
+            if type is None:
+                self.type = types.IntRange(min=0)
+            if default_is_missing:
+                self.default = 0
+
+        self.allow_from_autoenv = allow_from_autoenv
+        self.help = help
+        self.show_default = show_default
+        self.show_choices = show_choices
+        self.show_envvar = show_envvar
+
+        if __debug__:
+            if self.nargs == -1:
+                raise TypeError("nargs=-1 is not supported for options.")
+
+            if self.prompt and self.is_flag and not self.is_bool_flag:
+                raise TypeError("'prompt' is not valid for non-boolean flag.")
+
+            if not self.is_bool_flag and self.secondary_opts:
+                raise TypeError("Secondary flag is not valid for non-boolean flag.")
+
+            if self.is_bool_flag and self.hide_input and self.prompt is not None:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "'prompt' with 'hide_input' is not valid for boolean flag."
+                )
+
+            if self.count:
+                if self.multiple:
+                    raise TypeError("'count' is not valid with 'multiple'.")
+
+                if self.is_flag:
+                    raise TypeError("'count' is not valid with 'is_flag'.")
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+        info_dict.update(
+            help=self.help,
+            prompt=self.prompt,
+            is_flag=self.is_flag,
+            flag_value=self.flag_value,
+            count=self.count,
+            hidden=self.hidden,
+        )
+        return info_dict
+
+    def _parse_decls(
+        self, decls: t.Sequence[str], expose_value: bool
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.List[str], t.List[str]]:
+        opts = []
+        secondary_opts = []
+        name = None
+        possible_names = []
+
+        for decl in decls:
+            if decl.isidentifier():
+                if name is not None:
+                    raise TypeError(f"Name '{name}' defined twice")
+                name = decl
+            else:
+                split_char = ";" if decl[:1] == "/" else "/"
+                if split_char in decl:
+                    first, second = decl.split(split_char, 1)
+                    first = first.rstrip()
+                    if first:
+                        possible_names.append(split_opt(first))
+                        opts.append(first)
+                    second = second.lstrip()
+                    if second:
+                        secondary_opts.append(second.lstrip())
+                    if first == second:
+                        raise ValueError(
+                            f"Boolean option {decl!r} cannot use the"
+                            " same flag for true/false."
+                        )
+                else:
+                    possible_names.append(split_opt(decl))
+                    opts.append(decl)
+
+        if name is None and possible_names:
+            possible_names.sort(key=lambda x: -len(x[0]))  # group long options first
+            name = possible_names[0][1].replace("-", "_").lower()
+            if not name.isidentifier():
+                name = None
+
+        if name is None:
+            if not expose_value:
+                return None, opts, secondary_opts
+            raise TypeError("Could not determine name for option")
+
+        if not opts and not secondary_opts:
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"No options defined but a name was passed ({name})."
+                " Did you mean to declare an argument instead? Did"
+                f" you mean to pass '--{name}'?"
+            )
+
+        return name, opts, secondary_opts
+
+    def add_to_parser(self, parser: OptionParser, ctx: Context) -> None:
+        if self.multiple:
+            action = "append"
+        elif self.count:
+            action = "count"
+        else:
+            action = "store"
+
+        if self.is_flag:
+            action = f"{action}_const"
+
+            if self.is_bool_flag and self.secondary_opts:
+                parser.add_option(
+                    obj=self, opts=self.opts, dest=self.name, action=action, const=True
+                )
+                parser.add_option(
+                    obj=self,
+                    opts=self.secondary_opts,
+                    dest=self.name,
+                    action=action,
+                    const=False,
+                )
+            else:
+                parser.add_option(
+                    obj=self,
+                    opts=self.opts,
+                    dest=self.name,
+                    action=action,
+                    const=self.flag_value,
+                )
+        else:
+            parser.add_option(
+                obj=self,
+                opts=self.opts,
+                dest=self.name,
+                action=action,
+                nargs=self.nargs,
+            )
+
+    def get_help_record(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        if self.hidden:
+            return None
+
+        any_prefix_is_slash = False
+
+        def _write_opts(opts: t.Sequence[str]) -> str:
+            nonlocal any_prefix_is_slash
+
+            rv, any_slashes = join_options(opts)
+
+            if any_slashes:
+                any_prefix_is_slash = True
+
+            if not self.is_flag and not self.count:
+                rv += f" {self.make_metavar()}"
+
+            return rv
+
+        rv = [_write_opts(self.opts)]
+
+        if self.secondary_opts:
+            rv.append(_write_opts(self.secondary_opts))
+
+        help = self.help or ""
+        extra = []
+
+        if self.show_envvar:
+            envvar = self.envvar
+
+            if envvar is None:
+                if (
+                    self.allow_from_autoenv
+                    and ctx.auto_envvar_prefix is not None
+                    and self.name is not None
+                ):
+                    envvar = f"{ctx.auto_envvar_prefix}_{self.name.upper()}"
+
+            if envvar is not None:
+                var_str = (
+                    envvar
+                    if isinstance(envvar, str)
+                    else ", ".join(str(d) for d in envvar)
+                )
+                extra.append(_("env var: {var}").format(var=var_str))
+
+        # Temporarily enable resilient parsing to avoid type casting
+        # failing for the default. Might be possible to extend this to
+        # help formatting in general.
+        resilient = ctx.resilient_parsing
+        ctx.resilient_parsing = True
+
+        try:
+            default_value = self.get_default(ctx, call=False)
+        finally:
+            ctx.resilient_parsing = resilient
+
+        show_default_is_str = isinstance(self.show_default, str)
+
+        if show_default_is_str or (
+            default_value is not None and (self.show_default or ctx.show_default)
+        ):
+            if show_default_is_str:
+                default_string = f"({self.show_default})"
+            elif isinstance(default_value, (list, tuple)):
+                default_string = ", ".join(str(d) for d in default_value)
+            elif callable(default_value):
+                default_string = _("(dynamic)")
+            elif self.is_bool_flag and self.secondary_opts:
+                # For boolean flags that have distinct True/False opts,
+                # use the opt without prefix instead of the value.
+                default_string = split_opt(
+                    (self.opts if self.default else self.secondary_opts)[0]
+                )[1]
+            else:
+                default_string = str(default_value)
+
+            if default_string:
+                extra.append(_("default: {default}").format(default=default_string))
+
+        if (
+            isinstance(self.type, types._NumberRangeBase)
+            # skip count with default range type
+            and not (self.count and self.type.min == 0 and self.type.max is None)
+        ):
+            range_str = self.type._describe_range()
+
+            if range_str:
+                extra.append(range_str)
+
+        if self.required:
+            extra.append(_("required"))
+
+        if extra:
+            extra_str = "; ".join(extra)
+            help = f"{help}  [{extra_str}]" if help else f"[{extra_str}]"
+
+        return ("; " if any_prefix_is_slash else " / ").join(rv), help
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def get_default(
+        self, ctx: Context, call: "te.Literal[True]" = True
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def get_default(
+        self, ctx: Context, call: bool = ...
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]]:
+        ...
+
+    def get_default(
+        self, ctx: Context, call: bool = True
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Union[t.Any, t.Callable[[], t.Any]]]:
+        # If we're a non boolean flag our default is more complex because
+        # we need to look at all flags in the same group to figure out
+        # if we're the the default one in which case we return the flag
+        # value as default.
+        if self.is_flag and not self.is_bool_flag:
+            for param in ctx.command.params:
+                if param.name == self.name and param.default:
+                    return param.flag_value  # type: ignore
+
+            return None
+
+        return super().get_default(ctx, call=call)
+
+    def prompt_for_value(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Any:
+        """This is an alternative flow that can be activated in the full
+        value processing if a value does not exist.  It will prompt the
+        user until a valid value exists and then returns the processed
+        value as result.
+        """
+        assert self.prompt is not None
+
+        # Calculate the default before prompting anything to be stable.
+        default = self.get_default(ctx)
+
+        # If this is a prompt for a flag we need to handle this
+        # differently.
+        if self.is_bool_flag:
+            return confirm(self.prompt, default)
+
+        return prompt(
+            self.prompt,
+            default=default,
+            type=self.type,
+            hide_input=self.hide_input,
+            show_choices=self.show_choices,
+            confirmation_prompt=self.confirmation_prompt,
+            value_proc=lambda x: self.process_value(ctx, x),
+        )
+
+    def resolve_envvar_value(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        rv = super().resolve_envvar_value(ctx)
+
+        if rv is not None:
+            return rv
+
+        if (
+            self.allow_from_autoenv
+            and ctx.auto_envvar_prefix is not None
+            and self.name is not None
+        ):
+            envvar = f"{ctx.auto_envvar_prefix}_{self.name.upper()}"
+            rv = os.environ.get(envvar)
+
+        return rv
+
+    def value_from_envvar(self, ctx: Context) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        rv: t.Optional[t.Any] = self.resolve_envvar_value(ctx)
+
+        if rv is None:
+            return None
+
+        value_depth = (self.nargs != 1) + bool(self.multiple)
+
+        if value_depth > 0:
+            rv = self.type.split_envvar_value(rv)
+
+            if self.multiple and self.nargs != 1:
+                rv = batch(rv, self.nargs)
+
+        return rv
+
+    def consume_value(
+        self, ctx: Context, opts: t.Mapping[str, "Parameter"]
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, ParameterSource]:
+        value, source = super().consume_value(ctx, opts)
+
+        # The parser will emit a sentinel value if the option can be
+        # given as a flag without a value. This is different from None
+        # to distinguish from the flag not being given at all.
+        if value is _flag_needs_value:
+            if self.prompt is not None and not ctx.resilient_parsing:
+                value = self.prompt_for_value(ctx)
+                source = ParameterSource.PROMPT
+            else:
+                value = self.flag_value
+                source = ParameterSource.COMMANDLINE
+
+        elif (
+            self.multiple
+            and value is not None
+            and any(v is _flag_needs_value for v in value)
+        ):
+            value = [self.flag_value if v is _flag_needs_value else v for v in value]
+            source = ParameterSource.COMMANDLINE
+
+        # The value wasn't set, or used the param's default, prompt if
+        # prompting is enabled.
+        elif (
+            source in {None, ParameterSource.DEFAULT}
+            and self.prompt is not None
+            and (self.required or self.prompt_required)
+            and not ctx.resilient_parsing
+        ):
+            value = self.prompt_for_value(ctx)
+            source = ParameterSource.PROMPT
+
+        return value, source
+
+
+class Argument(Parameter):
+    """Arguments are positional parameters to a command.  They generally
+    provide fewer features than options but can have infinite ``nargs``
+    and are required by default.
+
+    All parameters are passed onwards to the parameter constructor.
+    """
+
+    param_type_name = "argument"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        param_decls: t.Sequence[str],
+        required: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        **attrs: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        if required is None:
+            if attrs.get("default") is not None:
+                required = False
+            else:
+                required = attrs.get("nargs", 1) > 0
+
+        if "multiple" in attrs:
+            raise TypeError("__init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'multiple'.")
+
+        super().__init__(param_decls, required=required, **attrs)
+
+        if __debug__:
+            if self.default is not None and self.nargs == -1:
+                raise TypeError("'default' is not supported for nargs=-1.")
+
+    @property
+    def human_readable_name(self) -> str:
+        if self.metavar is not None:
+            return self.metavar
+        return self.name.upper()  # type: ignore
+
+    def make_metavar(self) -> str:
+        if self.metavar is not None:
+            return self.metavar
+        var = self.type.get_metavar(self)
+        if not var:
+            var = self.name.upper()  # type: ignore
+        if not self.required:
+            var = f"[{var}]"
+        if self.nargs != 1:
+            var += "..."
+        return var
+
+    def _parse_decls(
+        self, decls: t.Sequence[str], expose_value: bool
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.List[str], t.List[str]]:
+        if not decls:
+            if not expose_value:
+                return None, [], []
+            raise TypeError("Could not determine name for argument")
+        if len(decls) == 1:
+            name = arg = decls[0]
+            name = name.replace("-", "_").lower()
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Arguments take exactly one parameter declaration, got"
+                f" {len(decls)}."
+            )
+        return name, [arg], []
+
+    def get_usage_pieces(self, ctx: Context) -> t.List[str]:
+        return [self.make_metavar()]
+
+    def get_error_hint(self, ctx: Context) -> str:
+        return f"'{self.make_metavar()}'"
+
+    def add_to_parser(self, parser: OptionParser, ctx: Context) -> None:
+        parser.add_argument(dest=self.name, nargs=self.nargs, obj=self)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/decorators.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/decorators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1cc005
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/decorators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
+import inspect
+import types
+import typing as t
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+from .core import Argument
+from .core import Command
+from .core import Context
+from .core import Group
+from .core import Option
+from .core import Parameter
+from .globals import get_current_context
+from .utils import echo
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+FC = t.TypeVar("FC", t.Callable[..., t.Any], Command)
+
+
+def pass_context(f: F) -> F:
+    """Marks a callback as wanting to receive the current context
+    object as first argument.
+    """
+
+    def new_func(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+        return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
+
+    return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
+
+
+def pass_obj(f: F) -> F:
+    """Similar to :func:`pass_context`, but only pass the object on the
+    context onwards (:attr:`Context.obj`).  This is useful if that object
+    represents the state of a nested system.
+    """
+
+    def new_func(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+        return f(get_current_context().obj, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
+
+
+def make_pass_decorator(
+    object_type: t.Type, ensure: bool = False
+) -> "t.Callable[[F], F]":
+    """Given an object type this creates a decorator that will work
+    similar to :func:`pass_obj` but instead of passing the object of the
+    current context, it will find the innermost context of type
+    :func:`object_type`.
+
+    This generates a decorator that works roughly like this::
+
+        from functools import update_wrapper
+
+        def decorator(f):
+            @pass_context
+            def new_func(ctx, *args, **kwargs):
+                obj = ctx.find_object(object_type)
+                return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
+            return update_wrapper(new_func, f)
+        return decorator
+
+    :param object_type: the type of the object to pass.
+    :param ensure: if set to `True`, a new object will be created and
+                   remembered on the context if it's not there yet.
+    """
+
+    def decorator(f: F) -> F:
+        def new_func(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+            ctx = get_current_context()
+
+            if ensure:
+                obj = ctx.ensure_object(object_type)
+            else:
+                obj = ctx.find_object(object_type)
+
+            if obj is None:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "Managed to invoke callback without a context"
+                    f" object of type {object_type.__name__!r}"
+                    " existing."
+                )
+
+            return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def pass_meta_key(
+    key: str, *, doc_description: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> "t.Callable[[F], F]":
+    """Create a decorator that passes a key from
+    :attr:`click.Context.meta` as the first argument to the decorated
+    function.
+
+    :param key: Key in ``Context.meta`` to pass.
+    :param doc_description: Description of the object being passed,
+        inserted into the decorator's docstring. Defaults to "the 'key'
+        key from Context.meta".
+
+    .. versionadded:: 8.0
+    """
+
+    def decorator(f: F) -> F:
+        def new_func(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+            ctx = get_current_context()
+            obj = ctx.meta[key]
+            return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
+
+    if doc_description is None:
+        doc_description = f"the {key!r} key from :attr:`click.Context.meta`"
+
+    decorator.__doc__ = (
+        f"Decorator that passes {doc_description} as the first argument"
+        " to the decorated function."
+    )
+    return decorator
+
+
+def _make_command(
+    f: F,
+    name: t.Optional[str],
+    attrs: t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any],
+    cls: t.Type[Command],
+) -> Command:
+    if isinstance(f, Command):
+        raise TypeError("Attempted to convert a callback into a command twice.")
+
+    try:
+        params = f.__click_params__  # type: ignore
+        params.reverse()
+        del f.__click_params__  # type: ignore
+    except AttributeError:
+        params = []
+
+    help = attrs.get("help")
+
+    if help is None:
+        help = inspect.getdoc(f)
+    else:
+        help = inspect.cleandoc(help)
+
+    attrs["help"] = help
+    return cls(
+        name=name or f.__name__.lower().replace("_", "-"),
+        callback=f,
+        params=params,
+        **attrs,
+    )
+
+
+def command(
+    name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    cls: t.Optional[t.Type[Command]] = None,
+    **attrs: t.Any,
+) -> t.Callable[[F], Command]:
+    r"""Creates a new :class:`Command` and uses the decorated function as
+    callback.  This will also automatically attach all decorated
+    :func:`option`\s and :func:`argument`\s as parameters to the command.
+
+    The name of the command defaults to the name of the function with
+    underscores replaced by dashes.  If you want to change that, you can
+    pass the intended name as the first argument.
+
+    All keyword arguments are forwarded to the underlying command class.
+
+    Once decorated the function turns into a :class:`Command` instance
+    that can be invoked as a command line utility or be attached to a
+    command :class:`Group`.
+
+    :param name: the name of the command.  This defaults to the function
+                 name with underscores replaced by dashes.
+    :param cls: the command class to instantiate.  This defaults to
+                :class:`Command`.
+    """
+    if cls is None:
+        cls = Command
+
+    def decorator(f: t.Callable[..., t.Any]) -> Command:
+        cmd = _make_command(f, name, attrs, cls)  # type: ignore
+        cmd.__doc__ = f.__doc__
+        return cmd
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def group(name: t.Optional[str] = None, **attrs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[F], Group]:
+    """Creates a new :class:`Group` with a function as callback.  This
+    works otherwise the same as :func:`command` just that the `cls`
+    parameter is set to :class:`Group`.
+    """
+    attrs.setdefault("cls", Group)
+    return t.cast(Group, command(name, **attrs))
+
+
+def _param_memo(f: FC, param: Parameter) -> None:
+    if isinstance(f, Command):
+        f.params.append(param)
+    else:
+        if not hasattr(f, "__click_params__"):
+            f.__click_params__ = []  # type: ignore
+
+        f.__click_params__.append(param)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def argument(*param_decls: str, **attrs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+    """Attaches an argument to the command.  All positional arguments are
+    passed as parameter declarations to :class:`Argument`; all keyword
+    arguments are forwarded unchanged (except ``cls``).
+    This is equivalent to creating an :class:`Argument` instance manually
+    and attaching it to the :attr:`Command.params` list.
+
+    :param cls: the argument class to instantiate.  This defaults to
+                :class:`Argument`.
+    """
+
+    def decorator(f: FC) -> FC:
+        ArgumentClass = attrs.pop("cls", Argument)
+        _param_memo(f, ArgumentClass(param_decls, **attrs))
+        return f
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def option(*param_decls: str, **attrs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+    """Attaches an option to the command.  All positional arguments are
+    passed as parameter declarations to :class:`Option`; all keyword
+    arguments are forwarded unchanged (except ``cls``).
+    This is equivalent to creating an :class:`Option` instance manually
+    and attaching it to the :attr:`Command.params` list.
+
+    :param cls: the option class to instantiate.  This defaults to
+                :class:`Option`.
+    """
+
+    def decorator(f: FC) -> FC:
+        # Issue 926, copy attrs, so pre-defined options can re-use the same cls=
+        option_attrs = attrs.copy()
+
+        if "help" in option_attrs:
+            option_attrs["help"] = inspect.cleandoc(option_attrs["help"])
+        OptionClass = option_attrs.pop("cls", Option)
+        _param_memo(f, OptionClass(param_decls, **option_attrs))
+        return f
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def confirmation_option(*param_decls: str, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+    """Add a ``--yes`` option which shows a prompt before continuing if
+    not passed. If the prompt is declined, the program will exit.
+
+    :param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
+        value ``"--yes"``.
+    :param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
+    """
+
+    def callback(ctx: Context, param: Parameter, value: bool) -> None:
+        if not value:
+            ctx.abort()
+
+    if not param_decls:
+        param_decls = ("--yes",)
+
+    kwargs.setdefault("is_flag", True)
+    kwargs.setdefault("callback", callback)
+    kwargs.setdefault("expose_value", False)
+    kwargs.setdefault("prompt", "Do you want to continue?")
+    kwargs.setdefault("help", "Confirm the action without prompting.")
+    return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
+
+
+def password_option(*param_decls: str, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+    """Add a ``--password`` option which prompts for a password, hiding
+    input and asking to enter the value again for confirmation.
+
+    :param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
+        value ``"--password"``.
+    :param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
+    """
+    if not param_decls:
+        param_decls = ("--password",)
+
+    kwargs.setdefault("prompt", True)
+    kwargs.setdefault("confirmation_prompt", True)
+    kwargs.setdefault("hide_input", True)
+    return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
+
+
+def version_option(
+    version: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    *param_decls: str,
+    package_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    prog_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    message: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+    """Add a ``--version`` option which immediately prints the version
+    number and exits the program.
+
+    If ``version`` is not provided, Click will try to detect it using
+    :func:`importlib.metadata.version` to get the version for the
+    ``package_name``. On Python < 3.8, the ``importlib_metadata``
+    backport must be installed.
+
+    If ``package_name`` is not provided, Click will try to detect it by
+    inspecting the stack frames. This will be used to detect the
+    version, so it must match the name of the installed package.
+
+    :param version: The version number to show. If not provided, Click
+        will try to detect it.
+    :param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
+        value ``"--version"``.
+    :param package_name: The package name to detect the version from. If
+        not provided, Click will try to detect it.
+    :param prog_name: The name of the CLI to show in the message. If not
+        provided, it will be detected from the command.
+    :param message: The message to show. The values ``%(prog)s``,
+        ``%(package)s``, and ``%(version)s`` are available. Defaults to
+        ``"%(prog)s, version %(version)s"``.
+    :param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
+    :raise RuntimeError: ``version`` could not be detected.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Add the ``package_name`` parameter, and the ``%(package)s``
+        value for messages.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Use :mod:`importlib.metadata` instead of ``pkg_resources``. The
+        version is detected based on the package name, not the entry
+        point name. The Python package name must match the installed
+        package name, or be passed with ``package_name=``.
+    """
+    if message is None:
+        message = _("%(prog)s, version %(version)s")
+
+    if version is None and package_name is None:
+        frame = inspect.currentframe()
+        f_back = frame.f_back if frame is not None else None
+        f_globals = f_back.f_globals if f_back is not None else None
+        # break reference cycle
+        # https://docs.python.org/3/library/inspect.html#the-interpreter-stack
+        del frame
+
+        if f_globals is not None:
+            package_name = f_globals.get("__name__")
+
+            if package_name == "__main__":
+                package_name = f_globals.get("__package__")
+
+            if package_name:
+                package_name = package_name.partition(".")[0]
+
+    def callback(ctx: Context, param: Parameter, value: bool) -> None:
+        if not value or ctx.resilient_parsing:
+            return
+
+        nonlocal prog_name
+        nonlocal version
+
+        if prog_name is None:
+            prog_name = ctx.find_root().info_name
+
+        if version is None and package_name is not None:
+            metadata: t.Optional[types.ModuleType]
+
+            try:
+                from importlib import metadata  # type: ignore
+            except ImportError:
+                # Python < 3.8
+                import importlib_metadata as metadata  # type: ignore
+
+            try:
+                version = metadata.version(package_name)  # type: ignore
+            except metadata.PackageNotFoundError:  # type: ignore
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    f"{package_name!r} is not installed. Try passing"
+                    " 'package_name' instead."
+                ) from None
+
+        if version is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Could not determine the version for {package_name!r} automatically."
+            )
+
+        echo(
+            t.cast(str, message)
+            % {"prog": prog_name, "package": package_name, "version": version},
+            color=ctx.color,
+        )
+        ctx.exit()
+
+    if not param_decls:
+        param_decls = ("--version",)
+
+    kwargs.setdefault("is_flag", True)
+    kwargs.setdefault("expose_value", False)
+    kwargs.setdefault("is_eager", True)
+    kwargs.setdefault("help", _("Show the version and exit."))
+    kwargs["callback"] = callback
+    return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
+
+
+def help_option(*param_decls: str, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Callable[[FC], FC]:
+    """Add a ``--help`` option which immediately prints the help page
+    and exits the program.
+
+    This is usually unnecessary, as the ``--help`` option is added to
+    each command automatically unless ``add_help_option=False`` is
+    passed.
+
+    :param param_decls: One or more option names. Defaults to the single
+        value ``"--help"``.
+    :param kwargs: Extra arguments are passed to :func:`option`.
+    """
+
+    def callback(ctx: Context, param: Parameter, value: bool) -> None:
+        if not value or ctx.resilient_parsing:
+            return
+
+        echo(ctx.get_help(), color=ctx.color)
+        ctx.exit()
+
+    if not param_decls:
+        param_decls = ("--help",)
+
+    kwargs.setdefault("is_flag", True)
+    kwargs.setdefault("expose_value", False)
+    kwargs.setdefault("is_eager", True)
+    kwargs.setdefault("help", _("Show this message and exit."))
+    kwargs["callback"] = callback
+    return option(*param_decls, **kwargs)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/exceptions.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e20b3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+import os
+import typing as t
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from gettext import ngettext
+
+from ._compat import get_text_stderr
+from .utils import echo
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .core import Context
+    from .core import Parameter
+
+
+def _join_param_hints(
+    param_hint: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Sequence[str], str]]
+) -> t.Optional[str]:
+    if param_hint is not None and not isinstance(param_hint, str):
+        return " / ".join(repr(x) for x in param_hint)
+
+    return param_hint
+
+
+class ClickException(Exception):
+    """An exception that Click can handle and show to the user."""
+
+    #: The exit code for this exception.
+    exit_code = 1
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.message = message
+
+    def format_message(self) -> str:
+        return self.message
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.message
+
+    def show(self, file: t.Optional[t.IO] = None) -> None:
+        if file is None:
+            file = get_text_stderr()
+
+        echo(_("Error: {message}").format(message=self.format_message()), file=file)
+
+
+class UsageError(ClickException):
+    """An internal exception that signals a usage error.  This typically
+    aborts any further handling.
+
+    :param message: the error message to display.
+    :param ctx: optionally the context that caused this error.  Click will
+                fill in the context automatically in some situations.
+    """
+
+    exit_code = 2
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str, ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.ctx = ctx
+        self.cmd = self.ctx.command if self.ctx else None
+
+    def show(self, file: t.Optional[t.IO] = None) -> None:
+        if file is None:
+            file = get_text_stderr()
+        color = None
+        hint = ""
+        if (
+            self.ctx is not None
+            and self.ctx.command.get_help_option(self.ctx) is not None
+        ):
+            hint = _("Try '{command} {option}' for help.").format(
+                command=self.ctx.command_path, option=self.ctx.help_option_names[0]
+            )
+            hint = f"{hint}\n"
+        if self.ctx is not None:
+            color = self.ctx.color
+            echo(f"{self.ctx.get_usage()}\n{hint}", file=file, color=color)
+        echo(
+            _("Error: {message}").format(message=self.format_message()),
+            file=file,
+            color=color,
+        )
+
+
+class BadParameter(UsageError):
+    """An exception that formats out a standardized error message for a
+    bad parameter.  This is useful when thrown from a callback or type as
+    Click will attach contextual information to it (for instance, which
+    parameter it is).
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+    :param param: the parameter object that caused this error.  This can
+                  be left out, and Click will attach this info itself
+                  if possible.
+    :param param_hint: a string that shows up as parameter name.  This
+                       can be used as alternative to `param` in cases
+                       where custom validation should happen.  If it is
+                       a string it's used as such, if it's a list then
+                       each item is quoted and separated.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message: str,
+        ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+        param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None,
+        param_hint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message, ctx)
+        self.param = param
+        self.param_hint = param_hint
+
+    def format_message(self) -> str:
+        if self.param_hint is not None:
+            param_hint = self.param_hint
+        elif self.param is not None:
+            param_hint = self.param.get_error_hint(self.ctx)  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            return _("Invalid value: {message}").format(message=self.message)
+
+        return _("Invalid value for {param_hint}: {message}").format(
+            param_hint=_join_param_hints(param_hint), message=self.message
+        )
+
+
+class MissingParameter(BadParameter):
+    """Raised if click required an option or argument but it was not
+    provided when invoking the script.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 4.0
+
+    :param param_type: a string that indicates the type of the parameter.
+                       The default is to inherit the parameter type from
+                       the given `param`.  Valid values are ``'parameter'``,
+                       ``'option'`` or ``'argument'``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+        param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None,
+        param_hint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        param_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message or "", ctx, param, param_hint)
+        self.param_type = param_type
+
+    def format_message(self) -> str:
+        if self.param_hint is not None:
+            param_hint: t.Optional[str] = self.param_hint
+        elif self.param is not None:
+            param_hint = self.param.get_error_hint(self.ctx)  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            param_hint = None
+
+        param_hint = _join_param_hints(param_hint)
+        param_hint = f" {param_hint}" if param_hint else ""
+
+        param_type = self.param_type
+        if param_type is None and self.param is not None:
+            param_type = self.param.param_type_name
+
+        msg = self.message
+        if self.param is not None:
+            msg_extra = self.param.type.get_missing_message(self.param)
+            if msg_extra:
+                if msg:
+                    msg += f". {msg_extra}"
+                else:
+                    msg = msg_extra
+
+        msg = f" {msg}" if msg else ""
+
+        # Translate param_type for known types.
+        if param_type == "argument":
+            missing = _("Missing argument")
+        elif param_type == "option":
+            missing = _("Missing option")
+        elif param_type == "parameter":
+            missing = _("Missing parameter")
+        else:
+            missing = _("Missing {param_type}").format(param_type=param_type)
+
+        return f"{missing}{param_hint}.{msg}"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if not self.message:
+            param_name = self.param.name if self.param else None
+            return _("Missing parameter: {param_name}").format(param_name=param_name)
+        else:
+            return self.message
+
+
+class NoSuchOption(UsageError):
+    """Raised if click attempted to handle an option that does not
+    exist.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 4.0
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        option_name: str,
+        message: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        possibilities: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None,
+        ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if message is None:
+            message = _("No such option: {name}").format(name=option_name)
+
+        super().__init__(message, ctx)
+        self.option_name = option_name
+        self.possibilities = possibilities
+
+    def format_message(self) -> str:
+        if not self.possibilities:
+            return self.message
+
+        possibility_str = ", ".join(sorted(self.possibilities))
+        suggest = ngettext(
+            "Did you mean {possibility}?",
+            "(Possible options: {possibilities})",
+            len(self.possibilities),
+        ).format(possibility=possibility_str, possibilities=possibility_str)
+        return f"{self.message} {suggest}"
+
+
+class BadOptionUsage(UsageError):
+    """Raised if an option is generally supplied but the use of the option
+    was incorrect.  This is for instance raised if the number of arguments
+    for an option is not correct.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 4.0
+
+    :param option_name: the name of the option being used incorrectly.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, option_name: str, message: str, ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message, ctx)
+        self.option_name = option_name
+
+
+class BadArgumentUsage(UsageError):
+    """Raised if an argument is generally supplied but the use of the argument
+    was incorrect.  This is for instance raised if the number of values
+    for an argument is not correct.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 6.0
+    """
+
+
+class FileError(ClickException):
+    """Raised if a file cannot be opened."""
+
+    def __init__(self, filename: str, hint: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        if hint is None:
+            hint = _("unknown error")
+
+        super().__init__(hint)
+        self.ui_filename = os.fsdecode(filename)
+        self.filename = filename
+
+    def format_message(self) -> str:
+        return _("Could not open file {filename!r}: {message}").format(
+            filename=self.ui_filename, message=self.message
+        )
+
+
+class Abort(RuntimeError):
+    """An internal signalling exception that signals Click to abort."""
+
+
+class Exit(RuntimeError):
+    """An exception that indicates that the application should exit with some
+    status code.
+
+    :param code: the status code to exit with.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("exit_code",)
+
+    def __init__(self, code: int = 0) -> None:
+        self.exit_code = code
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/formatting.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/formatting.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ddd2a2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/formatting.py
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+import typing as t
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+from ._compat import term_len
+from .parser import split_opt
+
+# Can force a width.  This is used by the test system
+FORCED_WIDTH: t.Optional[int] = None
+
+
+def measure_table(rows: t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]]) -> t.Tuple[int, ...]:
+    widths: t.Dict[int, int] = {}
+
+    for row in rows:
+        for idx, col in enumerate(row):
+            widths[idx] = max(widths.get(idx, 0), term_len(col))
+
+    return tuple(y for x, y in sorted(widths.items()))
+
+
+def iter_rows(
+    rows: t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]], col_count: int
+) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[str, ...]]:
+    for row in rows:
+        yield row + ("",) * (col_count - len(row))
+
+
+def wrap_text(
+    text: str,
+    width: int = 78,
+    initial_indent: str = "",
+    subsequent_indent: str = "",
+    preserve_paragraphs: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    """A helper function that intelligently wraps text.  By default, it
+    assumes that it operates on a single paragraph of text but if the
+    `preserve_paragraphs` parameter is provided it will intelligently
+    handle paragraphs (defined by two empty lines).
+
+    If paragraphs are handled, a paragraph can be prefixed with an empty
+    line containing the ``\\b`` character (``\\x08``) to indicate that
+    no rewrapping should happen in that block.
+
+    :param text: the text that should be rewrapped.
+    :param width: the maximum width for the text.
+    :param initial_indent: the initial indent that should be placed on the
+                           first line as a string.
+    :param subsequent_indent: the indent string that should be placed on
+                              each consecutive line.
+    :param preserve_paragraphs: if this flag is set then the wrapping will
+                                intelligently handle paragraphs.
+    """
+    from ._textwrap import TextWrapper
+
+    text = text.expandtabs()
+    wrapper = TextWrapper(
+        width,
+        initial_indent=initial_indent,
+        subsequent_indent=subsequent_indent,
+        replace_whitespace=False,
+    )
+    if not preserve_paragraphs:
+        return wrapper.fill(text)
+
+    p: t.List[t.Tuple[int, bool, str]] = []
+    buf: t.List[str] = []
+    indent = None
+
+    def _flush_par() -> None:
+        if not buf:
+            return
+        if buf[0].strip() == "\b":
+            p.append((indent or 0, True, "\n".join(buf[1:])))
+        else:
+            p.append((indent or 0, False, " ".join(buf)))
+        del buf[:]
+
+    for line in text.splitlines():
+        if not line:
+            _flush_par()
+            indent = None
+        else:
+            if indent is None:
+                orig_len = term_len(line)
+                line = line.lstrip()
+                indent = orig_len - term_len(line)
+            buf.append(line)
+    _flush_par()
+
+    rv = []
+    for indent, raw, text in p:
+        with wrapper.extra_indent(" " * indent):
+            if raw:
+                rv.append(wrapper.indent_only(text))
+            else:
+                rv.append(wrapper.fill(text))
+
+    return "\n\n".join(rv)
+
+
+class HelpFormatter:
+    """This class helps with formatting text-based help pages.  It's
+    usually just needed for very special internal cases, but it's also
+    exposed so that developers can write their own fancy outputs.
+
+    At present, it always writes into memory.
+
+    :param indent_increment: the additional increment for each level.
+    :param width: the width for the text.  This defaults to the terminal
+                  width clamped to a maximum of 78.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        indent_increment: int = 2,
+        width: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        max_width: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        import shutil
+
+        self.indent_increment = indent_increment
+        if max_width is None:
+            max_width = 80
+        if width is None:
+            width = FORCED_WIDTH
+            if width is None:
+                width = max(min(shutil.get_terminal_size().columns, max_width) - 2, 50)
+        self.width = width
+        self.current_indent = 0
+        self.buffer: t.List[str] = []
+
+    def write(self, string: str) -> None:
+        """Writes a unicode string into the internal buffer."""
+        self.buffer.append(string)
+
+    def indent(self) -> None:
+        """Increases the indentation."""
+        self.current_indent += self.indent_increment
+
+    def dedent(self) -> None:
+        """Decreases the indentation."""
+        self.current_indent -= self.indent_increment
+
+    def write_usage(
+        self, prog: str, args: str = "", prefix: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Writes a usage line into the buffer.
+
+        :param prog: the program name.
+        :param args: whitespace separated list of arguments.
+        :param prefix: The prefix for the first line. Defaults to
+            ``"Usage: "``.
+        """
+        if prefix is None:
+            prefix = f"{_('Usage:')} "
+
+        usage_prefix = f"{prefix:>{self.current_indent}}{prog} "
+        text_width = self.width - self.current_indent
+
+        if text_width >= (term_len(usage_prefix) + 20):
+            # The arguments will fit to the right of the prefix.
+            indent = " " * term_len(usage_prefix)
+            self.write(
+                wrap_text(
+                    args,
+                    text_width,
+                    initial_indent=usage_prefix,
+                    subsequent_indent=indent,
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            # The prefix is too long, put the arguments on the next line.
+            self.write(usage_prefix)
+            self.write("\n")
+            indent = " " * (max(self.current_indent, term_len(prefix)) + 4)
+            self.write(
+                wrap_text(
+                    args, text_width, initial_indent=indent, subsequent_indent=indent
+                )
+            )
+
+        self.write("\n")
+
+    def write_heading(self, heading: str) -> None:
+        """Writes a heading into the buffer."""
+        self.write(f"{'':>{self.current_indent}}{heading}:\n")
+
+    def write_paragraph(self) -> None:
+        """Writes a paragraph into the buffer."""
+        if self.buffer:
+            self.write("\n")
+
+    def write_text(self, text: str) -> None:
+        """Writes re-indented text into the buffer.  This rewraps and
+        preserves paragraphs.
+        """
+        indent = " " * self.current_indent
+        self.write(
+            wrap_text(
+                text,
+                self.width,
+                initial_indent=indent,
+                subsequent_indent=indent,
+                preserve_paragraphs=True,
+            )
+        )
+        self.write("\n")
+
+    def write_dl(
+        self,
+        rows: t.Sequence[t.Tuple[str, str]],
+        col_max: int = 30,
+        col_spacing: int = 2,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Writes a definition list into the buffer.  This is how options
+        and commands are usually formatted.
+
+        :param rows: a list of two item tuples for the terms and values.
+        :param col_max: the maximum width of the first column.
+        :param col_spacing: the number of spaces between the first and
+                            second column.
+        """
+        rows = list(rows)
+        widths = measure_table(rows)
+        if len(widths) != 2:
+            raise TypeError("Expected two columns for definition list")
+
+        first_col = min(widths[0], col_max) + col_spacing
+
+        for first, second in iter_rows(rows, len(widths)):
+            self.write(f"{'':>{self.current_indent}}{first}")
+            if not second:
+                self.write("\n")
+                continue
+            if term_len(first) <= first_col - col_spacing:
+                self.write(" " * (first_col - term_len(first)))
+            else:
+                self.write("\n")
+                self.write(" " * (first_col + self.current_indent))
+
+            text_width = max(self.width - first_col - 2, 10)
+            wrapped_text = wrap_text(second, text_width, preserve_paragraphs=True)
+            lines = wrapped_text.splitlines()
+
+            if lines:
+                self.write(f"{lines[0]}\n")
+
+                for line in lines[1:]:
+                    self.write(f"{'':>{first_col + self.current_indent}}{line}\n")
+            else:
+                self.write("\n")
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def section(self, name: str) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+        """Helpful context manager that writes a paragraph, a heading,
+        and the indents.
+
+        :param name: the section name that is written as heading.
+        """
+        self.write_paragraph()
+        self.write_heading(name)
+        self.indent()
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            self.dedent()
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def indentation(self) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+        """A context manager that increases the indentation."""
+        self.indent()
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            self.dedent()
+
+    def getvalue(self) -> str:
+        """Returns the buffer contents."""
+        return "".join(self.buffer)
+
+
+def join_options(options: t.Sequence[str]) -> t.Tuple[str, bool]:
+    """Given a list of option strings this joins them in the most appropriate
+    way and returns them in the form ``(formatted_string,
+    any_prefix_is_slash)`` where the second item in the tuple is a flag that
+    indicates if any of the option prefixes was a slash.
+    """
+    rv = []
+    any_prefix_is_slash = False
+
+    for opt in options:
+        prefix = split_opt(opt)[0]
+
+        if prefix == "/":
+            any_prefix_is_slash = True
+
+        rv.append((len(prefix), opt))
+
+    rv.sort(key=lambda x: x[0])
+    return ", ".join(x[1] for x in rv), any_prefix_is_slash
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/globals.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/globals.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7b0c93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/globals.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import typing
+import typing as t
+from threading import local
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .core import Context
+
+_local = local()
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def get_current_context(silent: "te.Literal[False]" = False) -> "Context":
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def get_current_context(silent: bool = ...) -> t.Optional["Context"]:
+    ...
+
+
+def get_current_context(silent: bool = False) -> t.Optional["Context"]:
+    """Returns the current click context.  This can be used as a way to
+    access the current context object from anywhere.  This is a more implicit
+    alternative to the :func:`pass_context` decorator.  This function is
+    primarily useful for helpers such as :func:`echo` which might be
+    interested in changing its behavior based on the current context.
+
+    To push the current context, :meth:`Context.scope` can be used.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 5.0
+
+    :param silent: if set to `True` the return value is `None` if no context
+                   is available.  The default behavior is to raise a
+                   :exc:`RuntimeError`.
+    """
+    try:
+        return t.cast("Context", _local.stack[-1])
+    except (AttributeError, IndexError) as e:
+        if not silent:
+            raise RuntimeError("There is no active click context.") from e
+
+    return None
+
+
+def push_context(ctx: "Context") -> None:
+    """Pushes a new context to the current stack."""
+    _local.__dict__.setdefault("stack", []).append(ctx)
+
+
+def pop_context() -> None:
+    """Removes the top level from the stack."""
+    _local.stack.pop()
+
+
+def resolve_color_default(color: t.Optional[bool] = None) -> t.Optional[bool]:
+    """Internal helper to get the default value of the color flag.  If a
+    value is passed it's returned unchanged, otherwise it's looked up from
+    the current context.
+    """
+    if color is not None:
+        return color
+
+    ctx = get_current_context(silent=True)
+
+    if ctx is not None:
+        return ctx.color
+
+    return None
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/parser.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d5a2ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,529 @@
+"""
+This module started out as largely a copy paste from the stdlib's
+optparse module with the features removed that we do not need from
+optparse because we implement them in Click on a higher level (for
+instance type handling, help formatting and a lot more).
+
+The plan is to remove more and more from here over time.
+
+The reason this is a different module and not optparse from the stdlib
+is that there are differences in 2.x and 3.x about the error messages
+generated and optparse in the stdlib uses gettext for no good reason
+and might cause us issues.
+
+Click uses parts of optparse written by Gregory P. Ward and maintained
+by the Python Software Foundation. This is limited to code in parser.py.
+
+Copyright 2001-2006 Gregory P. Ward. All rights reserved.
+Copyright 2002-2006 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved.
+"""
+# This code uses parts of optparse written by Gregory P. Ward and
+# maintained by the Python Software Foundation.
+# Copyright 2001-2006 Gregory P. Ward
+# Copyright 2002-2006 Python Software Foundation
+import typing as t
+from collections import deque
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from gettext import ngettext
+
+from .exceptions import BadArgumentUsage
+from .exceptions import BadOptionUsage
+from .exceptions import NoSuchOption
+from .exceptions import UsageError
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .core import Argument as CoreArgument
+    from .core import Context
+    from .core import Option as CoreOption
+    from .core import Parameter as CoreParameter
+
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+# Sentinel value that indicates an option was passed as a flag without a
+# value but is not a flag option. Option.consume_value uses this to
+# prompt or use the flag_value.
+_flag_needs_value = object()
+
+
+def _unpack_args(
+    args: t.Sequence[str], nargs_spec: t.Sequence[int]
+) -> t.Tuple[t.Sequence[t.Union[str, t.Sequence[t.Optional[str]], None]], t.List[str]]:
+    """Given an iterable of arguments and an iterable of nargs specifications,
+    it returns a tuple with all the unpacked arguments at the first index
+    and all remaining arguments as the second.
+
+    The nargs specification is the number of arguments that should be consumed
+    or `-1` to indicate that this position should eat up all the remainders.
+
+    Missing items are filled with `None`.
+    """
+    args = deque(args)
+    nargs_spec = deque(nargs_spec)
+    rv: t.List[t.Union[str, t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], ...], None]] = []
+    spos: t.Optional[int] = None
+
+    def _fetch(c: "te.Deque[V]") -> t.Optional[V]:
+        try:
+            if spos is None:
+                return c.popleft()
+            else:
+                return c.pop()
+        except IndexError:
+            return None
+
+    while nargs_spec:
+        nargs = _fetch(nargs_spec)
+
+        if nargs is None:
+            continue
+
+        if nargs == 1:
+            rv.append(_fetch(args))
+        elif nargs > 1:
+            x = [_fetch(args) for _ in range(nargs)]
+
+            # If we're reversed, we're pulling in the arguments in reverse,
+            # so we need to turn them around.
+            if spos is not None:
+                x.reverse()
+
+            rv.append(tuple(x))
+        elif nargs < 0:
+            if spos is not None:
+                raise TypeError("Cannot have two nargs < 0")
+
+            spos = len(rv)
+            rv.append(None)
+
+    # spos is the position of the wildcard (star).  If it's not `None`,
+    # we fill it with the remainder.
+    if spos is not None:
+        rv[spos] = tuple(args)
+        args = []
+        rv[spos + 1 :] = reversed(rv[spos + 1 :])
+
+    return tuple(rv), list(args)
+
+
+def split_opt(opt: str) -> t.Tuple[str, str]:
+    first = opt[:1]
+    if first.isalnum():
+        return "", opt
+    if opt[1:2] == first:
+        return opt[:2], opt[2:]
+    return first, opt[1:]
+
+
+def normalize_opt(opt: str, ctx: t.Optional["Context"]) -> str:
+    if ctx is None or ctx.token_normalize_func is None:
+        return opt
+    prefix, opt = split_opt(opt)
+    return f"{prefix}{ctx.token_normalize_func(opt)}"
+
+
+def split_arg_string(string: str) -> t.List[str]:
+    """Split an argument string as with :func:`shlex.split`, but don't
+    fail if the string is incomplete. Ignores a missing closing quote or
+    incomplete escape sequence and uses the partial token as-is.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        split_arg_string("example 'my file")
+        ["example", "my file"]
+
+        split_arg_string("example my\\")
+        ["example", "my"]
+
+    :param string: String to split.
+    """
+    import shlex
+
+    lex = shlex.shlex(string, posix=True)
+    lex.whitespace_split = True
+    lex.commenters = ""
+    out = []
+
+    try:
+        for token in lex:
+            out.append(token)
+    except ValueError:
+        # Raised when end-of-string is reached in an invalid state. Use
+        # the partial token as-is. The quote or escape character is in
+        # lex.state, not lex.token.
+        out.append(lex.token)
+
+    return out
+
+
+class Option:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        obj: "CoreOption",
+        opts: t.Sequence[str],
+        dest: t.Optional[str],
+        action: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        nargs: int = 1,
+        const: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+    ):
+        self._short_opts = []
+        self._long_opts = []
+        self.prefixes = set()
+
+        for opt in opts:
+            prefix, value = split_opt(opt)
+            if not prefix:
+                raise ValueError(f"Invalid start character for option ({opt})")
+            self.prefixes.add(prefix[0])
+            if len(prefix) == 1 and len(value) == 1:
+                self._short_opts.append(opt)
+            else:
+                self._long_opts.append(opt)
+                self.prefixes.add(prefix)
+
+        if action is None:
+            action = "store"
+
+        self.dest = dest
+        self.action = action
+        self.nargs = nargs
+        self.const = const
+        self.obj = obj
+
+    @property
+    def takes_value(self) -> bool:
+        return self.action in ("store", "append")
+
+    def process(self, value: str, state: "ParsingState") -> None:
+        if self.action == "store":
+            state.opts[self.dest] = value  # type: ignore
+        elif self.action == "store_const":
+            state.opts[self.dest] = self.const  # type: ignore
+        elif self.action == "append":
+            state.opts.setdefault(self.dest, []).append(value)  # type: ignore
+        elif self.action == "append_const":
+            state.opts.setdefault(self.dest, []).append(self.const)  # type: ignore
+        elif self.action == "count":
+            state.opts[self.dest] = state.opts.get(self.dest, 0) + 1  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"unknown action '{self.action}'")
+        state.order.append(self.obj)
+
+
+class Argument:
+    def __init__(self, obj: "CoreArgument", dest: t.Optional[str], nargs: int = 1):
+        self.dest = dest
+        self.nargs = nargs
+        self.obj = obj
+
+    def process(
+        self,
+        value: t.Union[t.Optional[str], t.Sequence[t.Optional[str]]],
+        state: "ParsingState",
+    ) -> None:
+        if self.nargs > 1:
+            assert value is not None
+            holes = sum(1 for x in value if x is None)
+            if holes == len(value):
+                value = None
+            elif holes != 0:
+                raise BadArgumentUsage(
+                    _("Argument {name!r} takes {nargs} values.").format(
+                        name=self.dest, nargs=self.nargs
+                    )
+                )
+
+        if self.nargs == -1 and self.obj.envvar is not None and value == ():
+            # Replace empty tuple with None so that a value from the
+            # environment may be tried.
+            value = None
+
+        state.opts[self.dest] = value  # type: ignore
+        state.order.append(self.obj)
+
+
+class ParsingState:
+    def __init__(self, rargs: t.List[str]) -> None:
+        self.opts: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+        self.largs: t.List[str] = []
+        self.rargs = rargs
+        self.order: t.List["CoreParameter"] = []
+
+
+class OptionParser:
+    """The option parser is an internal class that is ultimately used to
+    parse options and arguments.  It's modelled after optparse and brings
+    a similar but vastly simplified API.  It should generally not be used
+    directly as the high level Click classes wrap it for you.
+
+    It's not nearly as extensible as optparse or argparse as it does not
+    implement features that are implemented on a higher level (such as
+    types or defaults).
+
+    :param ctx: optionally the :class:`~click.Context` where this parser
+                should go with.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None) -> None:
+        #: The :class:`~click.Context` for this parser.  This might be
+        #: `None` for some advanced use cases.
+        self.ctx = ctx
+        #: This controls how the parser deals with interspersed arguments.
+        #: If this is set to `False`, the parser will stop on the first
+        #: non-option.  Click uses this to implement nested subcommands
+        #: safely.
+        self.allow_interspersed_args = True
+        #: This tells the parser how to deal with unknown options.  By
+        #: default it will error out (which is sensible), but there is a
+        #: second mode where it will ignore it and continue processing
+        #: after shifting all the unknown options into the resulting args.
+        self.ignore_unknown_options = False
+
+        if ctx is not None:
+            self.allow_interspersed_args = ctx.allow_interspersed_args
+            self.ignore_unknown_options = ctx.ignore_unknown_options
+
+        self._short_opt: t.Dict[str, Option] = {}
+        self._long_opt: t.Dict[str, Option] = {}
+        self._opt_prefixes = {"-", "--"}
+        self._args: t.List[Argument] = []
+
+    def add_option(
+        self,
+        obj: "CoreOption",
+        opts: t.Sequence[str],
+        dest: t.Optional[str],
+        action: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        nargs: int = 1,
+        const: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Adds a new option named `dest` to the parser.  The destination
+        is not inferred (unlike with optparse) and needs to be explicitly
+        provided.  Action can be any of ``store``, ``store_const``,
+        ``append``, ``append_const`` or ``count``.
+
+        The `obj` can be used to identify the option in the order list
+        that is returned from the parser.
+        """
+        opts = [normalize_opt(opt, self.ctx) for opt in opts]
+        option = Option(obj, opts, dest, action=action, nargs=nargs, const=const)
+        self._opt_prefixes.update(option.prefixes)
+        for opt in option._short_opts:
+            self._short_opt[opt] = option
+        for opt in option._long_opts:
+            self._long_opt[opt] = option
+
+    def add_argument(
+        self, obj: "CoreArgument", dest: t.Optional[str], nargs: int = 1
+    ) -> None:
+        """Adds a positional argument named `dest` to the parser.
+
+        The `obj` can be used to identify the option in the order list
+        that is returned from the parser.
+        """
+        self._args.append(Argument(obj, dest=dest, nargs=nargs))
+
+    def parse_args(
+        self, args: t.List[str]
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Dict[str, t.Any], t.List[str], t.List["CoreParameter"]]:
+        """Parses positional arguments and returns ``(values, args, order)``
+        for the parsed options and arguments as well as the leftover
+        arguments if there are any.  The order is a list of objects as they
+        appear on the command line.  If arguments appear multiple times they
+        will be memorized multiple times as well.
+        """
+        state = ParsingState(args)
+        try:
+            self._process_args_for_options(state)
+            self._process_args_for_args(state)
+        except UsageError:
+            if self.ctx is None or not self.ctx.resilient_parsing:
+                raise
+        return state.opts, state.largs, state.order
+
+    def _process_args_for_args(self, state: ParsingState) -> None:
+        pargs, args = _unpack_args(
+            state.largs + state.rargs, [x.nargs for x in self._args]
+        )
+
+        for idx, arg in enumerate(self._args):
+            arg.process(pargs[idx], state)
+
+        state.largs = args
+        state.rargs = []
+
+    def _process_args_for_options(self, state: ParsingState) -> None:
+        while state.rargs:
+            arg = state.rargs.pop(0)
+            arglen = len(arg)
+            # Double dashes always handled explicitly regardless of what
+            # prefixes are valid.
+            if arg == "--":
+                return
+            elif arg[:1] in self._opt_prefixes and arglen > 1:
+                self._process_opts(arg, state)
+            elif self.allow_interspersed_args:
+                state.largs.append(arg)
+            else:
+                state.rargs.insert(0, arg)
+                return
+
+        # Say this is the original argument list:
+        # [arg0, arg1, ..., arg(i-1), arg(i), arg(i+1), ..., arg(N-1)]
+        #                            ^
+        # (we are about to process arg(i)).
+        #
+        # Then rargs is [arg(i), ..., arg(N-1)] and largs is a *subset* of
+        # [arg0, ..., arg(i-1)] (any options and their arguments will have
+        # been removed from largs).
+        #
+        # The while loop will usually consume 1 or more arguments per pass.
+        # If it consumes 1 (eg. arg is an option that takes no arguments),
+        # then after _process_arg() is done the situation is:
+        #
+        #   largs = subset of [arg0, ..., arg(i)]
+        #   rargs = [arg(i+1), ..., arg(N-1)]
+        #
+        # If allow_interspersed_args is false, largs will always be
+        # *empty* -- still a subset of [arg0, ..., arg(i-1)], but
+        # not a very interesting subset!
+
+    def _match_long_opt(
+        self, opt: str, explicit_value: t.Optional[str], state: ParsingState
+    ) -> None:
+        if opt not in self._long_opt:
+            from difflib import get_close_matches
+
+            possibilities = get_close_matches(opt, self._long_opt)
+            raise NoSuchOption(opt, possibilities=possibilities, ctx=self.ctx)
+
+        option = self._long_opt[opt]
+        if option.takes_value:
+            # At this point it's safe to modify rargs by injecting the
+            # explicit value, because no exception is raised in this
+            # branch.  This means that the inserted value will be fully
+            # consumed.
+            if explicit_value is not None:
+                state.rargs.insert(0, explicit_value)
+
+            value = self._get_value_from_state(opt, option, state)
+
+        elif explicit_value is not None:
+            raise BadOptionUsage(
+                opt, _("Option {name!r} does not take a value.").format(name=opt)
+            )
+
+        else:
+            value = None
+
+        option.process(value, state)
+
+    def _match_short_opt(self, arg: str, state: ParsingState) -> None:
+        stop = False
+        i = 1
+        prefix = arg[0]
+        unknown_options = []
+
+        for ch in arg[1:]:
+            opt = normalize_opt(f"{prefix}{ch}", self.ctx)
+            option = self._short_opt.get(opt)
+            i += 1
+
+            if not option:
+                if self.ignore_unknown_options:
+                    unknown_options.append(ch)
+                    continue
+                raise NoSuchOption(opt, ctx=self.ctx)
+            if option.takes_value:
+                # Any characters left in arg?  Pretend they're the
+                # next arg, and stop consuming characters of arg.
+                if i < len(arg):
+                    state.rargs.insert(0, arg[i:])
+                    stop = True
+
+                value = self._get_value_from_state(opt, option, state)
+
+            else:
+                value = None
+
+            option.process(value, state)
+
+            if stop:
+                break
+
+        # If we got any unknown options we re-combinate the string of the
+        # remaining options and re-attach the prefix, then report that
+        # to the state as new larg.  This way there is basic combinatorics
+        # that can be achieved while still ignoring unknown arguments.
+        if self.ignore_unknown_options and unknown_options:
+            state.largs.append(f"{prefix}{''.join(unknown_options)}")
+
+    def _get_value_from_state(
+        self, option_name: str, option: Option, state: ParsingState
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        nargs = option.nargs
+
+        if len(state.rargs) < nargs:
+            if option.obj._flag_needs_value:
+                # Option allows omitting the value.
+                value = _flag_needs_value
+            else:
+                raise BadOptionUsage(
+                    option_name,
+                    ngettext(
+                        "Option {name!r} requires an argument.",
+                        "Option {name!r} requires {nargs} arguments.",
+                        nargs,
+                    ).format(name=option_name, nargs=nargs),
+                )
+        elif nargs == 1:
+            next_rarg = state.rargs[0]
+
+            if (
+                option.obj._flag_needs_value
+                and isinstance(next_rarg, str)
+                and next_rarg[:1] in self._opt_prefixes
+                and len(next_rarg) > 1
+            ):
+                # The next arg looks like the start of an option, don't
+                # use it as the value if omitting the value is allowed.
+                value = _flag_needs_value
+            else:
+                value = state.rargs.pop(0)
+        else:
+            value = tuple(state.rargs[:nargs])
+            del state.rargs[:nargs]
+
+        return value
+
+    def _process_opts(self, arg: str, state: ParsingState) -> None:
+        explicit_value = None
+        # Long option handling happens in two parts.  The first part is
+        # supporting explicitly attached values.  In any case, we will try
+        # to long match the option first.
+        if "=" in arg:
+            long_opt, explicit_value = arg.split("=", 1)
+        else:
+            long_opt = arg
+        norm_long_opt = normalize_opt(long_opt, self.ctx)
+
+        # At this point we will match the (assumed) long option through
+        # the long option matching code.  Note that this allows options
+        # like "-foo" to be matched as long options.
+        try:
+            self._match_long_opt(norm_long_opt, explicit_value, state)
+        except NoSuchOption:
+            # At this point the long option matching failed, and we need
+            # to try with short options.  However there is a special rule
+            # which says, that if we have a two character options prefix
+            # (applies to "--foo" for instance), we do not dispatch to the
+            # short option code and will instead raise the no option
+            # error.
+            if arg[:2] not in self._opt_prefixes:
+                self._match_short_opt(arg, state)
+                return
+
+            if not self.ignore_unknown_options:
+                raise
+
+            state.largs.append(arg)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/py.typed b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/shell_completion.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/shell_completion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cad080d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/shell_completion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,581 @@
+import os
+import re
+import typing as t
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+from .core import Argument
+from .core import BaseCommand
+from .core import Context
+from .core import MultiCommand
+from .core import Option
+from .core import Parameter
+from .core import ParameterSource
+from .parser import split_arg_string
+from .utils import echo
+
+
+def shell_complete(
+    cli: BaseCommand,
+    ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+    prog_name: str,
+    complete_var: str,
+    instruction: str,
+) -> int:
+    """Perform shell completion for the given CLI program.
+
+    :param cli: Command being called.
+    :param ctx_args: Extra arguments to pass to
+        ``cli.make_context``.
+    :param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
+    :param complete_var: Name of the environment variable that holds
+        the completion instruction.
+    :param instruction: Value of ``complete_var`` with the completion
+        instruction and shell, in the form ``instruction_shell``.
+    :return: Status code to exit with.
+    """
+    shell, _, instruction = instruction.partition("_")
+    comp_cls = get_completion_class(shell)
+
+    if comp_cls is None:
+        return 1
+
+    comp = comp_cls(cli, ctx_args, prog_name, complete_var)
+
+    if instruction == "source":
+        echo(comp.source())
+        return 0
+
+    if instruction == "complete":
+        echo(comp.complete())
+        return 0
+
+    return 1
+
+
+class CompletionItem:
+    """Represents a completion value and metadata about the value. The
+    default metadata is ``type`` to indicate special shell handling,
+    and ``help`` if a shell supports showing a help string next to the
+    value.
+
+    Arbitrary parameters can be passed when creating the object, and
+    accessed using ``item.attr``. If an attribute wasn't passed,
+    accessing it returns ``None``.
+
+    :param value: The completion suggestion.
+    :param type: Tells the shell script to provide special completion
+        support for the type. Click uses ``"dir"`` and ``"file"``.
+    :param help: String shown next to the value if supported.
+    :param kwargs: Arbitrary metadata. The built-in implementations
+        don't use this, but custom type completions paired with custom
+        shell support could use it.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("value", "type", "help", "_info")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        value: t.Any,
+        type: str = "plain",
+        help: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        **kwargs: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.value = value
+        self.type = type
+        self.help = help
+        self._info = kwargs
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        return self._info.get(name)
+
+
+# Only Bash >= 4.4 has the nosort option.
+_SOURCE_BASH = """\
+%(complete_func)s() {
+    local IFS=$'\\n'
+    local response
+
+    response=$(env COMP_WORDS="${COMP_WORDS[*]}" COMP_CWORD=$COMP_CWORD \
+%(complete_var)s=bash_complete $1)
+
+    for completion in $response; do
+        IFS=',' read type value <<< "$completion"
+
+        if [[ $type == 'dir' ]]; then
+            COMREPLY=()
+            compopt -o dirnames
+        elif [[ $type == 'file' ]]; then
+            COMREPLY=()
+            compopt -o default
+        elif [[ $type == 'plain' ]]; then
+            COMPREPLY+=($value)
+        fi
+    done
+
+    return 0
+}
+
+%(complete_func)s_setup() {
+    complete -o nosort -F %(complete_func)s %(prog_name)s
+}
+
+%(complete_func)s_setup;
+"""
+
+_SOURCE_ZSH = """\
+#compdef %(prog_name)s
+
+%(complete_func)s() {
+    local -a completions
+    local -a completions_with_descriptions
+    local -a response
+    (( ! $+commands[%(prog_name)s] )) && return 1
+
+    response=("${(@f)$(env COMP_WORDS="${words[*]}" COMP_CWORD=$((CURRENT-1)) \
+%(complete_var)s=zsh_complete %(prog_name)s)}")
+
+    for type key descr in ${response}; do
+        if [[ "$type" == "plain" ]]; then
+            if [[ "$descr" == "_" ]]; then
+                completions+=("$key")
+            else
+                completions_with_descriptions+=("$key":"$descr")
+            fi
+        elif [[ "$type" == "dir" ]]; then
+            _path_files -/
+        elif [[ "$type" == "file" ]]; then
+            _path_files -f
+        fi
+    done
+
+    if [ -n "$completions_with_descriptions" ]; then
+        _describe -V unsorted completions_with_descriptions -U
+    fi
+
+    if [ -n "$completions" ]; then
+        compadd -U -V unsorted -a completions
+    fi
+}
+
+compdef %(complete_func)s %(prog_name)s;
+"""
+
+_SOURCE_FISH = """\
+function %(complete_func)s;
+    set -l response;
+
+    for value in (env %(complete_var)s=fish_complete COMP_WORDS=(commandline -cp) \
+COMP_CWORD=(commandline -t) %(prog_name)s);
+        set response $response $value;
+    end;
+
+    for completion in $response;
+        set -l metadata (string split "," $completion);
+
+        if test $metadata[1] = "dir";
+            __fish_complete_directories $metadata[2];
+        else if test $metadata[1] = "file";
+            __fish_complete_path $metadata[2];
+        else if test $metadata[1] = "plain";
+            echo $metadata[2];
+        end;
+    end;
+end;
+
+complete --no-files --command %(prog_name)s --arguments \
+"(%(complete_func)s)";
+"""
+
+
+class ShellComplete:
+    """Base class for providing shell completion support. A subclass for
+    a given shell will override attributes and methods to implement the
+    completion instructions (``source`` and ``complete``).
+
+    :param cli: Command being called.
+    :param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
+    :param complete_var: Name of the environment variable that holds
+        the completion instruction.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 8.0
+    """
+
+    name: t.ClassVar[str]
+    """Name to register the shell as with :func:`add_completion_class`.
+    This is used in completion instructions (``{name}_source`` and
+    ``{name}_complete``).
+    """
+
+    source_template: t.ClassVar[str]
+    """Completion script template formatted by :meth:`source`. This must
+    be provided by subclasses.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        cli: BaseCommand,
+        ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+        prog_name: str,
+        complete_var: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.cli = cli
+        self.ctx_args = ctx_args
+        self.prog_name = prog_name
+        self.complete_var = complete_var
+
+    @property
+    def func_name(self) -> str:
+        """The name of the shell function defined by the completion
+        script.
+        """
+        safe_name = re.sub(r"\W*", "", self.prog_name.replace("-", "_"), re.ASCII)
+        return f"_{safe_name}_completion"
+
+    def source_vars(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """Vars for formatting :attr:`source_template`.
+
+        By default this provides ``complete_func``, ``complete_var``,
+        and ``prog_name``.
+        """
+        return {
+            "complete_func": self.func_name,
+            "complete_var": self.complete_var,
+            "prog_name": self.prog_name,
+        }
+
+    def source(self) -> str:
+        """Produce the shell script that defines the completion
+        function. By default this ``%``-style formats
+        :attr:`source_template` with the dict returned by
+        :meth:`source_vars`.
+        """
+        return self.source_template % self.source_vars()
+
+    def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
+        """Use the env vars defined by the shell script to return a
+        tuple of ``args, incomplete``. This must be implemented by
+        subclasses.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def get_completions(
+        self, args: t.List[str], incomplete: str
+    ) -> t.List[CompletionItem]:
+        """Determine the context and last complete command or parameter
+        from the complete args. Call that object's ``shell_complete``
+        method to get the completions for the incomplete value.
+
+        :param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
+        :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+        """
+        ctx = _resolve_context(self.cli, self.ctx_args, self.prog_name, args)
+        obj, incomplete = _resolve_incomplete(ctx, args, incomplete)
+        return obj.shell_complete(ctx, incomplete)
+
+    def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
+        """Format a completion item into the form recognized by the
+        shell script. This must be implemented by subclasses.
+
+        :param item: Completion item to format.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def complete(self) -> str:
+        """Produce the completion data to send back to the shell.
+
+        By default this calls :meth:`get_completion_args`, gets the
+        completions, then calls :meth:`format_completion` for each
+        completion.
+        """
+        args, incomplete = self.get_completion_args()
+        completions = self.get_completions(args, incomplete)
+        out = [self.format_completion(item) for item in completions]
+        return "\n".join(out)
+
+
+class BashComplete(ShellComplete):
+    """Shell completion for Bash."""
+
+    name = "bash"
+    source_template = _SOURCE_BASH
+
+    def _check_version(self) -> None:
+        import subprocess
+
+        output = subprocess.run(
+            ["bash", "-c", "echo ${BASH_VERSION}"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE
+        )
+        match = re.search(r"^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.\d+", output.stdout.decode())
+
+        if match is not None:
+            major, minor = match.groups()
+
+            if major < "4" or major == "4" and minor < "4":
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    _(
+                        "Shell completion is not supported for Bash"
+                        " versions older than 4.4."
+                    )
+                )
+        else:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                _("Couldn't detect Bash version, shell completion is not supported.")
+            )
+
+    def source(self) -> str:
+        self._check_version()
+        return super().source()
+
+    def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
+        cwords = split_arg_string(os.environ["COMP_WORDS"])
+        cword = int(os.environ["COMP_CWORD"])
+        args = cwords[1:cword]
+
+        try:
+            incomplete = cwords[cword]
+        except IndexError:
+            incomplete = ""
+
+        return args, incomplete
+
+    def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
+        return f"{item.type},{item.value}"
+
+
+class ZshComplete(ShellComplete):
+    """Shell completion for Zsh."""
+
+    name = "zsh"
+    source_template = _SOURCE_ZSH
+
+    def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
+        cwords = split_arg_string(os.environ["COMP_WORDS"])
+        cword = int(os.environ["COMP_CWORD"])
+        args = cwords[1:cword]
+
+        try:
+            incomplete = cwords[cword]
+        except IndexError:
+            incomplete = ""
+
+        return args, incomplete
+
+    def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
+        return f"{item.type}\n{item.value}\n{item.help if item.help else '_'}"
+
+
+class FishComplete(ShellComplete):
+    """Shell completion for Fish."""
+
+    name = "fish"
+    source_template = _SOURCE_FISH
+
+    def get_completion_args(self) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
+        cwords = split_arg_string(os.environ["COMP_WORDS"])
+        incomplete = os.environ["COMP_CWORD"]
+        args = cwords[1:]
+
+        # Fish stores the partial word in both COMP_WORDS and
+        # COMP_CWORD, remove it from complete args.
+        if incomplete and args and args[-1] == incomplete:
+            args.pop()
+
+        return args, incomplete
+
+    def format_completion(self, item: CompletionItem) -> str:
+        if item.help:
+            return f"{item.type},{item.value}\t{item.help}"
+
+        return f"{item.type},{item.value}"
+
+
+_available_shells: t.Dict[str, t.Type[ShellComplete]] = {
+    "bash": BashComplete,
+    "fish": FishComplete,
+    "zsh": ZshComplete,
+}
+
+
+def add_completion_class(
+    cls: t.Type[ShellComplete], name: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> None:
+    """Register a :class:`ShellComplete` subclass under the given name.
+    The name will be provided by the completion instruction environment
+    variable during completion.
+
+    :param cls: The completion class that will handle completion for the
+        shell.
+    :param name: Name to register the class under. Defaults to the
+        class's ``name`` attribute.
+    """
+    if name is None:
+        name = cls.name
+
+    _available_shells[name] = cls
+
+
+def get_completion_class(shell: str) -> t.Optional[t.Type[ShellComplete]]:
+    """Look up a registered :class:`ShellComplete` subclass by the name
+    provided by the completion instruction environment variable. If the
+    name isn't registered, returns ``None``.
+
+    :param shell: Name the class is registered under.
+    """
+    return _available_shells.get(shell)
+
+
+def _is_incomplete_argument(ctx: Context, param: Parameter) -> bool:
+    """Determine if the given parameter is an argument that can still
+    accept values.
+
+    :param ctx: Invocation context for the command represented by the
+        parsed complete args.
+    :param param: Argument object being checked.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(param, Argument):
+        return False
+
+    assert param.name is not None
+    value = ctx.params[param.name]
+    return (
+        param.nargs == -1
+        or ctx.get_parameter_source(param.name) is not ParameterSource.COMMANDLINE
+        or (
+            param.nargs > 1
+            and isinstance(value, (tuple, list))
+            and len(value) < param.nargs
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def _start_of_option(value: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if the value looks like the start of an option."""
+    if not value:
+        return False
+
+    c = value[0]
+    # Allow "/" since that starts a path.
+    return not c.isalnum() and c != "/"
+
+
+def _is_incomplete_option(args: t.List[str], param: Parameter) -> bool:
+    """Determine if the given parameter is an option that needs a value.
+
+    :param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
+    :param param: Option object being checked.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(param, Option):
+        return False
+
+    if param.is_flag:
+        return False
+
+    last_option = None
+
+    for index, arg in enumerate(reversed(args)):
+        if index + 1 > param.nargs:
+            break
+
+        if _start_of_option(arg):
+            last_option = arg
+
+    return last_option is not None and last_option in param.opts
+
+
+def _resolve_context(
+    cli: BaseCommand, ctx_args: t.Dict[str, t.Any], prog_name: str, args: t.List[str]
+) -> Context:
+    """Produce the context hierarchy starting with the command and
+    traversing the complete arguments. This only follows the commands,
+    it doesn't trigger input prompts or callbacks.
+
+    :param cli: Command being called.
+    :param prog_name: Name of the executable in the shell.
+    :param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
+    """
+    ctx_args["resilient_parsing"] = True
+    ctx = cli.make_context(prog_name, args.copy(), **ctx_args)
+    args = ctx.protected_args + ctx.args
+
+    while args:
+        command = ctx.command
+
+        if isinstance(command, MultiCommand):
+            if not command.chain:
+                name, cmd, args = command.resolve_command(ctx, args)
+
+                if cmd is None:
+                    return ctx
+
+                ctx = cmd.make_context(name, args, parent=ctx, resilient_parsing=True)
+                args = ctx.protected_args + ctx.args
+            else:
+                while args:
+                    name, cmd, args = command.resolve_command(ctx, args)
+
+                    if cmd is None:
+                        return ctx
+
+                    sub_ctx = cmd.make_context(
+                        name,
+                        args,
+                        parent=ctx,
+                        allow_extra_args=True,
+                        allow_interspersed_args=False,
+                        resilient_parsing=True,
+                    )
+                    args = sub_ctx.args
+
+                ctx = sub_ctx
+                args = [*sub_ctx.protected_args, *sub_ctx.args]
+        else:
+            break
+
+    return ctx
+
+
+def _resolve_incomplete(
+    ctx: Context, args: t.List[str], incomplete: str
+) -> t.Tuple[t.Union[BaseCommand, Parameter], str]:
+    """Find the Click object that will handle the completion of the
+    incomplete value. Return the object and the incomplete value.
+
+    :param ctx: Invocation context for the command represented by
+        the parsed complete args.
+    :param args: List of complete args before the incomplete value.
+    :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+    """
+    # Different shells treat an "=" between a long option name and
+    # value differently. Might keep the value joined, return the "="
+    # as a separate item, or return the split name and value. Always
+    # split and discard the "=" to make completion easier.
+    if incomplete == "=":
+        incomplete = ""
+    elif "=" in incomplete and _start_of_option(incomplete):
+        name, _, incomplete = incomplete.partition("=")
+        args.append(name)
+
+    # The "--" marker tells Click to stop treating values as options
+    # even if they start with the option character. If it hasn't been
+    # given and the incomplete arg looks like an option, the current
+    # command will provide option name completions.
+    if "--" not in args and _start_of_option(incomplete):
+        return ctx.command, incomplete
+
+    params = ctx.command.get_params(ctx)
+
+    # If the last complete arg is an option name with an incomplete
+    # value, the option will provide value completions.
+    for param in params:
+        if _is_incomplete_option(args, param):
+            return param, incomplete
+
+    # It's not an option name or value. The first argument without a
+    # parsed value will provide value completions.
+    for param in params:
+        if _is_incomplete_argument(ctx, param):
+            return param, incomplete
+
+    # There were no unparsed arguments, the command may be a group that
+    # will provide command name completions.
+    return ctx.command, incomplete
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/termui.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/termui.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf8d5f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/termui.py
@@ -0,0 +1,809 @@
+import inspect
+import io
+import itertools
+import os
+import sys
+import typing
+import typing as t
+from gettext import gettext as _
+
+from ._compat import isatty
+from ._compat import strip_ansi
+from ._compat import WIN
+from .exceptions import Abort
+from .exceptions import UsageError
+from .globals import resolve_color_default
+from .types import Choice
+from .types import convert_type
+from .types import ParamType
+from .utils import echo
+from .utils import LazyFile
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ._termui_impl import ProgressBar
+
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+# The prompt functions to use.  The doc tools currently override these
+# functions to customize how they work.
+visible_prompt_func: t.Callable[[str], str] = input
+
+_ansi_colors = {
+    "black": 30,
+    "red": 31,
+    "green": 32,
+    "yellow": 33,
+    "blue": 34,
+    "magenta": 35,
+    "cyan": 36,
+    "white": 37,
+    "reset": 39,
+    "bright_black": 90,
+    "bright_red": 91,
+    "bright_green": 92,
+    "bright_yellow": 93,
+    "bright_blue": 94,
+    "bright_magenta": 95,
+    "bright_cyan": 96,
+    "bright_white": 97,
+}
+_ansi_reset_all = "\033[0m"
+
+
+def hidden_prompt_func(prompt: str) -> str:
+    import getpass
+
+    return getpass.getpass(prompt)
+
+
+def _build_prompt(
+    text: str,
+    suffix: str,
+    show_default: bool = False,
+    default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+    show_choices: bool = True,
+    type: t.Optional[ParamType] = None,
+) -> str:
+    prompt = text
+    if type is not None and show_choices and isinstance(type, Choice):
+        prompt += f" ({', '.join(map(str, type.choices))})"
+    if default is not None and show_default:
+        prompt = f"{prompt} [{_format_default(default)}]"
+    return f"{prompt}{suffix}"
+
+
+def _format_default(default: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+    if isinstance(default, (io.IOBase, LazyFile)) and hasattr(default, "name"):
+        return default.name  # type: ignore
+
+    return default
+
+
+def prompt(
+    text: str,
+    default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+    hide_input: bool = False,
+    confirmation_prompt: t.Union[bool, str] = False,
+    type: t.Optional[t.Union[ParamType, t.Any]] = None,
+    value_proc: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str], t.Any]] = None,
+    prompt_suffix: str = ": ",
+    show_default: bool = True,
+    err: bool = False,
+    show_choices: bool = True,
+) -> t.Any:
+    """Prompts a user for input.  This is a convenience function that can
+    be used to prompt a user for input later.
+
+    If the user aborts the input by sending a interrupt signal, this
+    function will catch it and raise a :exc:`Abort` exception.
+
+    :param text: the text to show for the prompt.
+    :param default: the default value to use if no input happens.  If this
+                    is not given it will prompt until it's aborted.
+    :param hide_input: if this is set to true then the input value will
+                       be hidden.
+    :param confirmation_prompt: Prompt a second time to confirm the
+        value. Can be set to a string instead of ``True`` to customize
+        the message.
+    :param type: the type to use to check the value against.
+    :param value_proc: if this parameter is provided it's a function that
+                       is invoked instead of the type conversion to
+                       convert a value.
+    :param prompt_suffix: a suffix that should be added to the prompt.
+    :param show_default: shows or hides the default value in the prompt.
+    :param err: if set to true the file defaults to ``stderr`` instead of
+                ``stdout``, the same as with echo.
+    :param show_choices: Show or hide choices if the passed type is a Choice.
+                         For example if type is a Choice of either day or week,
+                         show_choices is true and text is "Group by" then the
+                         prompt will be "Group by (day, week): ".
+
+    .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        ``confirmation_prompt`` can be a custom string.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 7.0
+        Added the ``show_choices`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 6.0
+        Added unicode support for cmd.exe on Windows.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 4.0
+        Added the `err` parameter.
+
+    """
+
+    def prompt_func(text: str) -> str:
+        f = hidden_prompt_func if hide_input else visible_prompt_func
+        try:
+            # Write the prompt separately so that we get nice
+            # coloring through colorama on Windows
+            echo(text.rstrip(" "), nl=False, err=err)
+            # Echo a space to stdout to work around an issue where
+            # readline causes backspace to clear the whole line.
+            return f(" ")
+        except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
+            # getpass doesn't print a newline if the user aborts input with ^C.
+            # Allegedly this behavior is inherited from getpass(3).
+            # A doc bug has been filed at https://bugs.python.org/issue24711
+            if hide_input:
+                echo(None, err=err)
+            raise Abort() from None
+
+    if value_proc is None:
+        value_proc = convert_type(type, default)
+
+    prompt = _build_prompt(
+        text, prompt_suffix, show_default, default, show_choices, type
+    )
+
+    if confirmation_prompt:
+        if confirmation_prompt is True:
+            confirmation_prompt = _("Repeat for confirmation")
+
+        confirmation_prompt = t.cast(str, confirmation_prompt)
+        confirmation_prompt = _build_prompt(confirmation_prompt, prompt_suffix)
+
+    while True:
+        while True:
+            value = prompt_func(prompt)
+            if value:
+                break
+            elif default is not None:
+                value = default
+                break
+        try:
+            result = value_proc(value)
+        except UsageError as e:
+            if hide_input:
+                echo(_("Error: The value you entered was invalid."), err=err)
+            else:
+                echo(_("Error: {e.message}").format(e=e), err=err)  # noqa: B306
+            continue
+        if not confirmation_prompt:
+            return result
+        while True:
+            confirmation_prompt = t.cast(str, confirmation_prompt)
+            value2 = prompt_func(confirmation_prompt)
+            if value2:
+                break
+        if value == value2:
+            return result
+        echo(_("Error: The two entered values do not match."), err=err)
+
+
+def confirm(
+    text: str,
+    default: t.Optional[bool] = False,
+    abort: bool = False,
+    prompt_suffix: str = ": ",
+    show_default: bool = True,
+    err: bool = False,
+) -> bool:
+    """Prompts for confirmation (yes/no question).
+
+    If the user aborts the input by sending a interrupt signal this
+    function will catch it and raise a :exc:`Abort` exception.
+
+    :param text: the question to ask.
+    :param default: The default value to use when no input is given. If
+        ``None``, repeat until input is given.
+    :param abort: if this is set to `True` a negative answer aborts the
+                  exception by raising :exc:`Abort`.
+    :param prompt_suffix: a suffix that should be added to the prompt.
+    :param show_default: shows or hides the default value in the prompt.
+    :param err: if set to true the file defaults to ``stderr`` instead of
+                ``stdout``, the same as with echo.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Repeat until input is given if ``default`` is ``None``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 4.0
+        Added the ``err`` parameter.
+    """
+    prompt = _build_prompt(
+        text,
+        prompt_suffix,
+        show_default,
+        "y/n" if default is None else ("Y/n" if default else "y/N"),
+    )
+
+    while True:
+        try:
+            # Write the prompt separately so that we get nice
+            # coloring through colorama on Windows
+            echo(prompt.rstrip(" "), nl=False, err=err)
+            # Echo a space to stdout to work around an issue where
+            # readline causes backspace to clear the whole line.
+            value = visible_prompt_func(" ").lower().strip()
+        except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
+            raise Abort() from None
+        if value in ("y", "yes"):
+            rv = True
+        elif value in ("n", "no"):
+            rv = False
+        elif default is not None and value == "":
+            rv = default
+        else:
+            echo(_("Error: invalid input"), err=err)
+            continue
+        break
+    if abort and not rv:
+        raise Abort()
+    return rv
+
+
+def get_terminal_size() -> os.terminal_size:
+    """Returns the current size of the terminal as tuple in the form
+    ``(width, height)`` in columns and rows.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 8.0
+        Will be removed in Click 8.1. Use
+        :func:`shutil.get_terminal_size` instead.
+    """
+    import shutil
+    import warnings
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'click.get_terminal_size()' is deprecated and will be removed"
+        " in Click 8.1. Use 'shutil.get_terminal_size()' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return shutil.get_terminal_size()
+
+
+def echo_via_pager(
+    text_or_generator: t.Union[t.Iterable[str], t.Callable[[], t.Iterable[str]], str],
+    color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> None:
+    """This function takes a text and shows it via an environment specific
+    pager on stdout.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+       Added the `color` flag.
+
+    :param text_or_generator: the text to page, or alternatively, a
+                              generator emitting the text to page.
+    :param color: controls if the pager supports ANSI colors or not.  The
+                  default is autodetection.
+    """
+    color = resolve_color_default(color)
+
+    if inspect.isgeneratorfunction(text_or_generator):
+        i = t.cast(t.Callable[[], t.Iterable[str]], text_or_generator)()
+    elif isinstance(text_or_generator, str):
+        i = [text_or_generator]
+    else:
+        i = iter(t.cast(t.Iterable[str], text_or_generator))
+
+    # convert every element of i to a text type if necessary
+    text_generator = (el if isinstance(el, str) else str(el) for el in i)
+
+    from ._termui_impl import pager
+
+    return pager(itertools.chain(text_generator, "\n"), color)
+
+
+def progressbar(
+    iterable: t.Optional[t.Iterable[V]] = None,
+    length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    label: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    show_eta: bool = True,
+    show_percent: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    show_pos: bool = False,
+    item_show_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Optional[V]], t.Optional[str]]] = None,
+    fill_char: str = "#",
+    empty_char: str = "-",
+    bar_template: str = "%(label)s  [%(bar)s]  %(info)s",
+    info_sep: str = "  ",
+    width: int = 36,
+    file: t.Optional[t.TextIO] = None,
+    color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    update_min_steps: int = 1,
+) -> "ProgressBar[V]":
+    """This function creates an iterable context manager that can be used
+    to iterate over something while showing a progress bar.  It will
+    either iterate over the `iterable` or `length` items (that are counted
+    up).  While iteration happens, this function will print a rendered
+    progress bar to the given `file` (defaults to stdout) and will attempt
+    to calculate remaining time and more.  By default, this progress bar
+    will not be rendered if the file is not a terminal.
+
+    The context manager creates the progress bar.  When the context
+    manager is entered the progress bar is already created.  With every
+    iteration over the progress bar, the iterable passed to the bar is
+    advanced and the bar is updated.  When the context manager exits,
+    a newline is printed and the progress bar is finalized on screen.
+
+    Note: The progress bar is currently designed for use cases where the
+    total progress can be expected to take at least several seconds.
+    Because of this, the ProgressBar class object won't display
+    progress that is considered too fast, and progress where the time
+    between steps is less than a second.
+
+    No printing must happen or the progress bar will be unintentionally
+    destroyed.
+
+    Example usage::
+
+        with progressbar(items) as bar:
+            for item in bar:
+                do_something_with(item)
+
+    Alternatively, if no iterable is specified, one can manually update the
+    progress bar through the `update()` method instead of directly
+    iterating over the progress bar.  The update method accepts the number
+    of steps to increment the bar with::
+
+        with progressbar(length=chunks.total_bytes) as bar:
+            for chunk in chunks:
+                process_chunk(chunk)
+                bar.update(chunks.bytes)
+
+    The ``update()`` method also takes an optional value specifying the
+    ``current_item`` at the new position. This is useful when used
+    together with ``item_show_func`` to customize the output for each
+    manual step::
+
+        with click.progressbar(
+            length=total_size,
+            label='Unzipping archive',
+            item_show_func=lambda a: a.filename
+        ) as bar:
+            for archive in zip_file:
+                archive.extract()
+                bar.update(archive.size, archive)
+
+    :param iterable: an iterable to iterate over.  If not provided the length
+                     is required.
+    :param length: the number of items to iterate over.  By default the
+                   progressbar will attempt to ask the iterator about its
+                   length, which might or might not work.  If an iterable is
+                   also provided this parameter can be used to override the
+                   length.  If an iterable is not provided the progress bar
+                   will iterate over a range of that length.
+    :param label: the label to show next to the progress bar.
+    :param show_eta: enables or disables the estimated time display.  This is
+                     automatically disabled if the length cannot be
+                     determined.
+    :param show_percent: enables or disables the percentage display.  The
+                         default is `True` if the iterable has a length or
+                         `False` if not.
+    :param show_pos: enables or disables the absolute position display.  The
+                     default is `False`.
+    :param item_show_func: A function called with the current item which
+        can return a string to show next to the progress bar. If the
+        function returns ``None`` nothing is shown. The current item can
+        be ``None``, such as when entering and exiting the bar.
+    :param fill_char: the character to use to show the filled part of the
+                      progress bar.
+    :param empty_char: the character to use to show the non-filled part of
+                       the progress bar.
+    :param bar_template: the format string to use as template for the bar.
+                         The parameters in it are ``label`` for the label,
+                         ``bar`` for the progress bar and ``info`` for the
+                         info section.
+    :param info_sep: the separator between multiple info items (eta etc.)
+    :param width: the width of the progress bar in characters, 0 means full
+                  terminal width
+    :param file: The file to write to. If this is not a terminal then
+        only the label is printed.
+    :param color: controls if the terminal supports ANSI colors or not.  The
+                  default is autodetection.  This is only needed if ANSI
+                  codes are included anywhere in the progress bar output
+                  which is not the case by default.
+    :param update_min_steps: Render only when this many updates have
+        completed. This allows tuning for very fast iterators.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Output is shown even if execution time is less than 0.5 seconds.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        ``item_show_func`` shows the current item, not the previous one.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Labels are echoed if the output is not a TTY. Reverts a change
+        in 7.0 that removed all output.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 8.0
+       Added the ``update_min_steps`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+        Added the ``color`` parameter. Added the ``update`` method to
+        the object.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+    from ._termui_impl import ProgressBar
+
+    color = resolve_color_default(color)
+    return ProgressBar(
+        iterable=iterable,
+        length=length,
+        show_eta=show_eta,
+        show_percent=show_percent,
+        show_pos=show_pos,
+        item_show_func=item_show_func,
+        fill_char=fill_char,
+        empty_char=empty_char,
+        bar_template=bar_template,
+        info_sep=info_sep,
+        file=file,
+        label=label,
+        width=width,
+        color=color,
+        update_min_steps=update_min_steps,
+    )
+
+
+def clear() -> None:
+    """Clears the terminal screen.  This will have the effect of clearing
+    the whole visible space of the terminal and moving the cursor to the
+    top left.  This does not do anything if not connected to a terminal.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+    if not isatty(sys.stdout):
+        return
+    if WIN:
+        os.system("cls")
+    else:
+        sys.stdout.write("\033[2J\033[1;1H")
+
+
+def _interpret_color(
+    color: t.Union[int, t.Tuple[int, int, int], str], offset: int = 0
+) -> str:
+    if isinstance(color, int):
+        return f"{38 + offset};5;{color:d}"
+
+    if isinstance(color, (tuple, list)):
+        r, g, b = color
+        return f"{38 + offset};2;{r:d};{g:d};{b:d}"
+
+    return str(_ansi_colors[color] + offset)
+
+
+def style(
+    text: t.Any,
+    fg: t.Optional[t.Union[int, t.Tuple[int, int, int], str]] = None,
+    bg: t.Optional[t.Union[int, t.Tuple[int, int, int], str]] = None,
+    bold: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    dim: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    underline: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    overline: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    italic: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    blink: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    reverse: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    strikethrough: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    reset: bool = True,
+) -> str:
+    """Styles a text with ANSI styles and returns the new string.  By
+    default the styling is self contained which means that at the end
+    of the string a reset code is issued.  This can be prevented by
+    passing ``reset=False``.
+
+    Examples::
+
+        click.echo(click.style('Hello World!', fg='green'))
+        click.echo(click.style('ATTENTION!', blink=True))
+        click.echo(click.style('Some things', reverse=True, fg='cyan'))
+        click.echo(click.style('More colors', fg=(255, 12, 128), bg=117))
+
+    Supported color names:
+
+    * ``black`` (might be a gray)
+    * ``red``
+    * ``green``
+    * ``yellow`` (might be an orange)
+    * ``blue``
+    * ``magenta``
+    * ``cyan``
+    * ``white`` (might be light gray)
+    * ``bright_black``
+    * ``bright_red``
+    * ``bright_green``
+    * ``bright_yellow``
+    * ``bright_blue``
+    * ``bright_magenta``
+    * ``bright_cyan``
+    * ``bright_white``
+    * ``reset`` (reset the color code only)
+
+    If the terminal supports it, color may also be specified as:
+
+    -   An integer in the interval [0, 255]. The terminal must support
+        8-bit/256-color mode.
+    -   An RGB tuple of three integers in [0, 255]. The terminal must
+        support 24-bit/true-color mode.
+
+    See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_color and
+    https://gist.github.com/XVilka/8346728 for more information.
+
+    :param text: the string to style with ansi codes.
+    :param fg: if provided this will become the foreground color.
+    :param bg: if provided this will become the background color.
+    :param bold: if provided this will enable or disable bold mode.
+    :param dim: if provided this will enable or disable dim mode.  This is
+                badly supported.
+    :param underline: if provided this will enable or disable underline.
+    :param overline: if provided this will enable or disable overline.
+    :param italic: if provided this will enable or disable italic.
+    :param blink: if provided this will enable or disable blinking.
+    :param reverse: if provided this will enable or disable inverse
+                    rendering (foreground becomes background and the
+                    other way round).
+    :param strikethrough: if provided this will enable or disable
+        striking through text.
+    :param reset: by default a reset-all code is added at the end of the
+                  string which means that styles do not carry over.  This
+                  can be disabled to compose styles.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        A non-string ``message`` is converted to a string.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+       Added support for 256 and RGB color codes.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Added the ``strikethrough``, ``italic``, and ``overline``
+        parameters.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 7.0
+        Added support for bright colors.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+    if not isinstance(text, str):
+        text = str(text)
+
+    bits = []
+
+    if fg:
+        try:
+            bits.append(f"\033[{_interpret_color(fg)}m")
+        except KeyError:
+            raise TypeError(f"Unknown color {fg!r}") from None
+
+    if bg:
+        try:
+            bits.append(f"\033[{_interpret_color(bg, 10)}m")
+        except KeyError:
+            raise TypeError(f"Unknown color {bg!r}") from None
+
+    if bold is not None:
+        bits.append(f"\033[{1 if bold else 22}m")
+    if dim is not None:
+        bits.append(f"\033[{2 if dim else 22}m")
+    if underline is not None:
+        bits.append(f"\033[{4 if underline else 24}m")
+    if overline is not None:
+        bits.append(f"\033[{53 if overline else 55}m")
+    if italic is not None:
+        bits.append(f"\033[{3 if italic else 23}m")
+    if blink is not None:
+        bits.append(f"\033[{5 if blink else 25}m")
+    if reverse is not None:
+        bits.append(f"\033[{7 if reverse else 27}m")
+    if strikethrough is not None:
+        bits.append(f"\033[{9 if strikethrough else 29}m")
+    bits.append(text)
+    if reset:
+        bits.append(_ansi_reset_all)
+    return "".join(bits)
+
+
+def unstyle(text: str) -> str:
+    """Removes ANSI styling information from a string.  Usually it's not
+    necessary to use this function as Click's echo function will
+    automatically remove styling if necessary.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+    :param text: the text to remove style information from.
+    """
+    return strip_ansi(text)
+
+
+def secho(
+    message: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+    file: t.Optional[t.IO] = None,
+    nl: bool = True,
+    err: bool = False,
+    color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    **styles: t.Any,
+) -> None:
+    """This function combines :func:`echo` and :func:`style` into one
+    call.  As such the following two calls are the same::
+
+        click.secho('Hello World!', fg='green')
+        click.echo(click.style('Hello World!', fg='green'))
+
+    All keyword arguments are forwarded to the underlying functions
+    depending on which one they go with.
+
+    Non-string types will be converted to :class:`str`. However,
+    :class:`bytes` are passed directly to :meth:`echo` without applying
+    style. If you want to style bytes that represent text, call
+    :meth:`bytes.decode` first.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        A non-string ``message`` is converted to a string. Bytes are
+        passed through without style applied.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+    if message is not None and not isinstance(message, (bytes, bytearray)):
+        message = style(message, **styles)
+
+    return echo(message, file=file, nl=nl, err=err, color=color)
+
+
+def edit(
+    text: t.Optional[t.AnyStr] = None,
+    editor: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, str]] = None,
+    require_save: bool = True,
+    extension: str = ".txt",
+    filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+) -> t.Optional[t.AnyStr]:
+    r"""Edits the given text in the defined editor.  If an editor is given
+    (should be the full path to the executable but the regular operating
+    system search path is used for finding the executable) it overrides
+    the detected editor.  Optionally, some environment variables can be
+    used.  If the editor is closed without changes, `None` is returned.  In
+    case a file is edited directly the return value is always `None` and
+    `require_save` and `extension` are ignored.
+
+    If the editor cannot be opened a :exc:`UsageError` is raised.
+
+    Note for Windows: to simplify cross-platform usage, the newlines are
+    automatically converted from POSIX to Windows and vice versa.  As such,
+    the message here will have ``\n`` as newline markers.
+
+    :param text: the text to edit.
+    :param editor: optionally the editor to use.  Defaults to automatic
+                   detection.
+    :param env: environment variables to forward to the editor.
+    :param require_save: if this is true, then not saving in the editor
+                         will make the return value become `None`.
+    :param extension: the extension to tell the editor about.  This defaults
+                      to `.txt` but changing this might change syntax
+                      highlighting.
+    :param filename: if provided it will edit this file instead of the
+                     provided text contents.  It will not use a temporary
+                     file as an indirection in that case.
+    """
+    from ._termui_impl import Editor
+
+    ed = Editor(editor=editor, env=env, require_save=require_save, extension=extension)
+
+    if filename is None:
+        return ed.edit(text)
+
+    ed.edit_file(filename)
+    return None
+
+
+def launch(url: str, wait: bool = False, locate: bool = False) -> int:
+    """This function launches the given URL (or filename) in the default
+    viewer application for this file type.  If this is an executable, it
+    might launch the executable in a new session.  The return value is
+    the exit code of the launched application.  Usually, ``0`` indicates
+    success.
+
+    Examples::
+
+        click.launch('https://click.palletsprojects.com/')
+        click.launch('/my/downloaded/file', locate=True)
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+    :param url: URL or filename of the thing to launch.
+    :param wait: Wait for the program to exit before returning. This
+        only works if the launched program blocks. In particular,
+        ``xdg-open`` on Linux does not block.
+    :param locate: if this is set to `True` then instead of launching the
+                   application associated with the URL it will attempt to
+                   launch a file manager with the file located.  This
+                   might have weird effects if the URL does not point to
+                   the filesystem.
+    """
+    from ._termui_impl import open_url
+
+    return open_url(url, wait=wait, locate=locate)
+
+
+# If this is provided, getchar() calls into this instead.  This is used
+# for unittesting purposes.
+_getchar: t.Optional[t.Callable[[bool], str]] = None
+
+
+def getchar(echo: bool = False) -> str:
+    """Fetches a single character from the terminal and returns it.  This
+    will always return a unicode character and under certain rare
+    circumstances this might return more than one character.  The
+    situations which more than one character is returned is when for
+    whatever reason multiple characters end up in the terminal buffer or
+    standard input was not actually a terminal.
+
+    Note that this will always read from the terminal, even if something
+    is piped into the standard input.
+
+    Note for Windows: in rare cases when typing non-ASCII characters, this
+    function might wait for a second character and then return both at once.
+    This is because certain Unicode characters look like special-key markers.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+    :param echo: if set to `True`, the character read will also show up on
+                 the terminal.  The default is to not show it.
+    """
+    global _getchar
+
+    if _getchar is None:
+        from ._termui_impl import getchar as f
+
+        _getchar = f
+
+    return _getchar(echo)
+
+
+def raw_terminal() -> t.ContextManager[int]:
+    from ._termui_impl import raw_terminal as f
+
+    return f()
+
+
+def pause(info: t.Optional[str] = None, err: bool = False) -> None:
+    """This command stops execution and waits for the user to press any
+    key to continue.  This is similar to the Windows batch "pause"
+    command.  If the program is not run through a terminal, this command
+    will instead do nothing.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+    .. versionadded:: 4.0
+       Added the `err` parameter.
+
+    :param info: The message to print before pausing. Defaults to
+        ``"Press any key to continue..."``.
+    :param err: if set to message goes to ``stderr`` instead of
+                ``stdout``, the same as with echo.
+    """
+    if not isatty(sys.stdin) or not isatty(sys.stdout):
+        return
+
+    if info is None:
+        info = _("Press any key to continue...")
+
+    try:
+        if info:
+            echo(info, nl=False, err=err)
+        try:
+            getchar()
+        except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
+            pass
+    finally:
+        if info:
+            echo(err=err)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/testing.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/testing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d19b850
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/testing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,479 @@
+import contextlib
+import io
+import os
+import shlex
+import shutil
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import typing as t
+from types import TracebackType
+
+from . import formatting
+from . import termui
+from . import utils
+from ._compat import _find_binary_reader
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .core import BaseCommand
+
+
+class EchoingStdin:
+    def __init__(self, input: t.BinaryIO, output: t.BinaryIO) -> None:
+        self._input = input
+        self._output = output
+        self._paused = False
+
+    def __getattr__(self, x: str) -> t.Any:
+        return getattr(self._input, x)
+
+    def _echo(self, rv: bytes) -> bytes:
+        if not self._paused:
+            self._output.write(rv)
+
+        return rv
+
+    def read(self, n: int = -1) -> bytes:
+        return self._echo(self._input.read(n))
+
+    def read1(self, n: int = -1) -> bytes:
+        return self._echo(self._input.read1(n))  # type: ignore
+
+    def readline(self, n: int = -1) -> bytes:
+        return self._echo(self._input.readline(n))
+
+    def readlines(self) -> t.List[bytes]:
+        return [self._echo(x) for x in self._input.readlines()]
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+        return iter(self._echo(x) for x in self._input)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return repr(self._input)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def _pause_echo(stream: t.Optional[EchoingStdin]) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+    if stream is None:
+        yield
+    else:
+        stream._paused = True
+        yield
+        stream._paused = False
+
+
+class _NamedTextIOWrapper(io.TextIOWrapper):
+    def __init__(
+        self, buffer: t.BinaryIO, name: str, mode: str, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(buffer, **kwargs)
+        self._name = name
+        self._mode = mode
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return self._name
+
+    @property
+    def mode(self) -> str:
+        return self._mode
+
+
+def make_input_stream(
+    input: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes, t.IO]], charset: str
+) -> t.BinaryIO:
+    # Is already an input stream.
+    if hasattr(input, "read"):
+        rv = _find_binary_reader(t.cast(t.IO, input))
+
+        if rv is not None:
+            return rv
+
+        raise TypeError("Could not find binary reader for input stream.")
+
+    if input is None:
+        input = b""
+    elif isinstance(input, str):
+        input = input.encode(charset)
+
+    return io.BytesIO(t.cast(bytes, input))
+
+
+class Result:
+    """Holds the captured result of an invoked CLI script."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        runner: "CliRunner",
+        stdout_bytes: bytes,
+        stderr_bytes: t.Optional[bytes],
+        return_value: t.Any,
+        exit_code: int,
+        exception: t.Optional[BaseException],
+        exc_info: t.Optional[
+            t.Tuple[t.Type[BaseException], BaseException, TracebackType]
+        ] = None,
+    ):
+        #: The runner that created the result
+        self.runner = runner
+        #: The standard output as bytes.
+        self.stdout_bytes = stdout_bytes
+        #: The standard error as bytes, or None if not available
+        self.stderr_bytes = stderr_bytes
+        #: The value returned from the invoked command.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        self.return_value = return_value
+        #: The exit code as integer.
+        self.exit_code = exit_code
+        #: The exception that happened if one did.
+        self.exception = exception
+        #: The traceback
+        self.exc_info = exc_info
+
+    @property
+    def output(self) -> str:
+        """The (standard) output as unicode string."""
+        return self.stdout
+
+    @property
+    def stdout(self) -> str:
+        """The standard output as unicode string."""
+        return self.stdout_bytes.decode(self.runner.charset, "replace").replace(
+            "\r\n", "\n"
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def stderr(self) -> str:
+        """The standard error as unicode string."""
+        if self.stderr_bytes is None:
+            raise ValueError("stderr not separately captured")
+        return self.stderr_bytes.decode(self.runner.charset, "replace").replace(
+            "\r\n", "\n"
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        exc_str = repr(self.exception) if self.exception else "okay"
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {exc_str}>"
+
+
+class CliRunner:
+    """The CLI runner provides functionality to invoke a Click command line
+    script for unittesting purposes in a isolated environment.  This only
+    works in single-threaded systems without any concurrency as it changes the
+    global interpreter state.
+
+    :param charset: the character set for the input and output data.
+    :param env: a dictionary with environment variables for overriding.
+    :param echo_stdin: if this is set to `True`, then reading from stdin writes
+                       to stdout.  This is useful for showing examples in
+                       some circumstances.  Note that regular prompts
+                       will automatically echo the input.
+    :param mix_stderr: if this is set to `False`, then stdout and stderr are
+                       preserved as independent streams.  This is useful for
+                       Unix-philosophy apps that have predictable stdout and
+                       noisy stderr, such that each may be measured
+                       independently
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        charset: str = "utf-8",
+        env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None,
+        echo_stdin: bool = False,
+        mix_stderr: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.charset = charset
+        self.env = env or {}
+        self.echo_stdin = echo_stdin
+        self.mix_stderr = mix_stderr
+
+    def get_default_prog_name(self, cli: "BaseCommand") -> str:
+        """Given a command object it will return the default program name
+        for it.  The default is the `name` attribute or ``"root"`` if not
+        set.
+        """
+        return cli.name or "root"
+
+    def make_env(
+        self, overrides: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None
+    ) -> t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]:
+        """Returns the environment overrides for invoking a script."""
+        rv = dict(self.env)
+        if overrides:
+            rv.update(overrides)
+        return rv
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def isolation(
+        self,
+        input: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes, t.IO]] = None,
+        env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None,
+        color: bool = False,
+    ) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[io.BytesIO, t.Optional[io.BytesIO]]]:
+        """A context manager that sets up the isolation for invoking of a
+        command line tool.  This sets up stdin with the given input data
+        and `os.environ` with the overrides from the given dictionary.
+        This also rebinds some internals in Click to be mocked (like the
+        prompt functionality).
+
+        This is automatically done in the :meth:`invoke` method.
+
+        :param input: the input stream to put into sys.stdin.
+        :param env: the environment overrides as dictionary.
+        :param color: whether the output should contain color codes. The
+                      application can still override this explicitly.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            ``stderr`` is opened with ``errors="backslashreplace"``
+            instead of the default ``"strict"``.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+            Added the ``color`` parameter.
+        """
+        bytes_input = make_input_stream(input, self.charset)
+        echo_input = None
+
+        old_stdin = sys.stdin
+        old_stdout = sys.stdout
+        old_stderr = sys.stderr
+        old_forced_width = formatting.FORCED_WIDTH
+        formatting.FORCED_WIDTH = 80
+
+        env = self.make_env(env)
+
+        bytes_output = io.BytesIO()
+
+        if self.echo_stdin:
+            bytes_input = echo_input = t.cast(
+                t.BinaryIO, EchoingStdin(bytes_input, bytes_output)
+            )
+
+        sys.stdin = text_input = _NamedTextIOWrapper(
+            bytes_input, encoding=self.charset, name="<stdin>", mode="r"
+        )
+
+        if self.echo_stdin:
+            # Force unbuffered reads, otherwise TextIOWrapper reads a
+            # large chunk which is echoed early.
+            text_input._CHUNK_SIZE = 1  # type: ignore
+
+        sys.stdout = _NamedTextIOWrapper(
+            bytes_output, encoding=self.charset, name="<stdout>", mode="w"
+        )
+
+        bytes_error = None
+        if self.mix_stderr:
+            sys.stderr = sys.stdout
+        else:
+            bytes_error = io.BytesIO()
+            sys.stderr = _NamedTextIOWrapper(
+                bytes_error,
+                encoding=self.charset,
+                name="<stderr>",
+                mode="w",
+                errors="backslashreplace",
+            )
+
+        @_pause_echo(echo_input)  # type: ignore
+        def visible_input(prompt: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
+            sys.stdout.write(prompt or "")
+            val = text_input.readline().rstrip("\r\n")
+            sys.stdout.write(f"{val}\n")
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+            return val
+
+        @_pause_echo(echo_input)  # type: ignore
+        def hidden_input(prompt: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
+            sys.stdout.write(f"{prompt or ''}\n")
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+            return text_input.readline().rstrip("\r\n")
+
+        @_pause_echo(echo_input)  # type: ignore
+        def _getchar(echo: bool) -> str:
+            char = sys.stdin.read(1)
+
+            if echo:
+                sys.stdout.write(char)
+
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+            return char
+
+        default_color = color
+
+        def should_strip_ansi(
+            stream: t.Optional[t.IO] = None, color: t.Optional[bool] = None
+        ) -> bool:
+            if color is None:
+                return not default_color
+            return not color
+
+        old_visible_prompt_func = termui.visible_prompt_func
+        old_hidden_prompt_func = termui.hidden_prompt_func
+        old__getchar_func = termui._getchar
+        old_should_strip_ansi = utils.should_strip_ansi  # type: ignore
+        termui.visible_prompt_func = visible_input
+        termui.hidden_prompt_func = hidden_input
+        termui._getchar = _getchar
+        utils.should_strip_ansi = should_strip_ansi  # type: ignore
+
+        old_env = {}
+        try:
+            for key, value in env.items():
+                old_env[key] = os.environ.get(key)
+                if value is None:
+                    try:
+                        del os.environ[key]
+                    except Exception:
+                        pass
+                else:
+                    os.environ[key] = value
+            yield (bytes_output, bytes_error)
+        finally:
+            for key, value in old_env.items():
+                if value is None:
+                    try:
+                        del os.environ[key]
+                    except Exception:
+                        pass
+                else:
+                    os.environ[key] = value
+            sys.stdout = old_stdout
+            sys.stderr = old_stderr
+            sys.stdin = old_stdin
+            termui.visible_prompt_func = old_visible_prompt_func
+            termui.hidden_prompt_func = old_hidden_prompt_func
+            termui._getchar = old__getchar_func
+            utils.should_strip_ansi = old_should_strip_ansi  # type: ignore
+            formatting.FORCED_WIDTH = old_forced_width
+
+    def invoke(
+        self,
+        cli: "BaseCommand",
+        args: t.Optional[t.Union[str, t.Sequence[str]]] = None,
+        input: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes, t.IO]] = None,
+        env: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None,
+        catch_exceptions: bool = True,
+        color: bool = False,
+        **extra: t.Any,
+    ) -> Result:
+        """Invokes a command in an isolated environment.  The arguments are
+        forwarded directly to the command line script, the `extra` keyword
+        arguments are passed to the :meth:`~clickpkg.Command.main` function of
+        the command.
+
+        This returns a :class:`Result` object.
+
+        :param cli: the command to invoke
+        :param args: the arguments to invoke. It may be given as an iterable
+                     or a string. When given as string it will be interpreted
+                     as a Unix shell command. More details at
+                     :func:`shlex.split`.
+        :param input: the input data for `sys.stdin`.
+        :param env: the environment overrides.
+        :param catch_exceptions: Whether to catch any other exceptions than
+                                 ``SystemExit``.
+        :param extra: the keyword arguments to pass to :meth:`main`.
+        :param color: whether the output should contain color codes. The
+                      application can still override this explicitly.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            The result object has the ``return_value`` attribute with
+            the value returned from the invoked command.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+            Added the ``color`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+            Added the ``catch_exceptions`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+            The result object has the ``exc_info`` attribute with the
+            traceback if available.
+        """
+        exc_info = None
+        with self.isolation(input=input, env=env, color=color) as outstreams:
+            return_value = None
+            exception: t.Optional[BaseException] = None
+            exit_code = 0
+
+            if isinstance(args, str):
+                args = shlex.split(args)
+
+            try:
+                prog_name = extra.pop("prog_name")
+            except KeyError:
+                prog_name = self.get_default_prog_name(cli)
+
+            try:
+                return_value = cli.main(args=args or (), prog_name=prog_name, **extra)
+            except SystemExit as e:
+                exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+                e_code = t.cast(t.Optional[t.Union[int, t.Any]], e.code)
+
+                if e_code is None:
+                    e_code = 0
+
+                if e_code != 0:
+                    exception = e
+
+                if not isinstance(e_code, int):
+                    sys.stdout.write(str(e_code))
+                    sys.stdout.write("\n")
+                    e_code = 1
+
+                exit_code = e_code
+
+            except Exception as e:
+                if not catch_exceptions:
+                    raise
+                exception = e
+                exit_code = 1
+                exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+            finally:
+                sys.stdout.flush()
+                stdout = outstreams[0].getvalue()
+                if self.mix_stderr:
+                    stderr = None
+                else:
+                    stderr = outstreams[1].getvalue()  # type: ignore
+
+        return Result(
+            runner=self,
+            stdout_bytes=stdout,
+            stderr_bytes=stderr,
+            return_value=return_value,
+            exit_code=exit_code,
+            exception=exception,
+            exc_info=exc_info,  # type: ignore
+        )
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def isolated_filesystem(
+        self, temp_dir: t.Optional[t.Union[str, os.PathLike]] = None
+    ) -> t.Iterator[str]:
+        """A context manager that creates a temporary directory and
+        changes the current working directory to it. This isolates tests
+        that affect the contents of the CWD to prevent them from
+        interfering with each other.
+
+        :param temp_dir: Create the temporary directory under this
+            directory. If given, the created directory is not removed
+            when exiting.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Added the ``temp_dir`` parameter.
+        """
+        cwd = os.getcwd()
+        t = tempfile.mkdtemp(dir=temp_dir)
+        os.chdir(t)
+
+        try:
+            yield t
+        finally:
+            os.chdir(cwd)
+
+            if temp_dir is None:
+                try:
+                    shutil.rmtree(t)
+                except OSError:  # noqa: B014
+                    pass
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/types.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..103d218
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1052 @@
+import os
+import stat
+import typing as t
+from datetime import datetime
+from gettext import gettext as _
+from gettext import ngettext
+
+from ._compat import _get_argv_encoding
+from ._compat import get_filesystem_encoding
+from ._compat import open_stream
+from .exceptions import BadParameter
+from .utils import LazyFile
+from .utils import safecall
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .core import Context
+    from .core import Parameter
+    from .shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+
+class ParamType:
+    """Represents the type of a parameter. Validates and converts values
+    from the command line or Python into the correct type.
+
+    To implement a custom type, subclass and implement at least the
+    following:
+
+    -   The :attr:`name` class attribute must be set.
+    -   Calling an instance of the type with ``None`` must return
+        ``None``. This is already implemented by default.
+    -   :meth:`convert` must convert string values to the correct type.
+    -   :meth:`convert` must accept values that are already the correct
+        type.
+    -   It must be able to convert a value if the ``ctx`` and ``param``
+        arguments are ``None``. This can occur when converting prompt
+        input.
+    """
+
+    is_composite: t.ClassVar[bool] = False
+    arity: t.ClassVar[int] = 1
+
+    #: the descriptive name of this type
+    name: str
+
+    #: if a list of this type is expected and the value is pulled from a
+    #: string environment variable, this is what splits it up.  `None`
+    #: means any whitespace.  For all parameters the general rule is that
+    #: whitespace splits them up.  The exception are paths and files which
+    #: are split by ``os.path.pathsep`` by default (":" on Unix and ";" on
+    #: Windows).
+    envvar_list_splitter: t.ClassVar[t.Optional[str]] = None
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """Gather information that could be useful for a tool generating
+        user-facing documentation.
+
+        Use :meth:`click.Context.to_info_dict` to traverse the entire
+        CLI structure.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        # The class name without the "ParamType" suffix.
+        param_type = type(self).__name__.partition("ParamType")[0]
+        param_type = param_type.partition("ParameterType")[0]
+        return {"param_type": param_type, "name": self.name}
+
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        value: t.Any,
+        param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None,
+        ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        if value is not None:
+            return self.convert(value, param, ctx)
+
+    def get_metavar(self, param: "Parameter") -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """Returns the metavar default for this param if it provides one."""
+
+    def get_missing_message(self, param: "Parameter") -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """Optionally might return extra information about a missing
+        parameter.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        """
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        """Convert the value to the correct type. This is not called if
+        the value is ``None`` (the missing value).
+
+        This must accept string values from the command line, as well as
+        values that are already the correct type. It may also convert
+        other compatible types.
+
+        The ``param`` and ``ctx`` arguments may be ``None`` in certain
+        situations, such as when converting prompt input.
+
+        If the value cannot be converted, call :meth:`fail` with a
+        descriptive message.
+
+        :param value: The value to convert.
+        :param param: The parameter that is using this type to convert
+            its value. May be ``None``.
+        :param ctx: The current context that arrived at this value. May
+            be ``None``.
+        """
+        return value
+
+    def split_envvar_value(self, rv: str) -> t.Sequence[str]:
+        """Given a value from an environment variable this splits it up
+        into small chunks depending on the defined envvar list splitter.
+
+        If the splitter is set to `None`, which means that whitespace splits,
+        then leading and trailing whitespace is ignored.  Otherwise, leading
+        and trailing splitters usually lead to empty items being included.
+        """
+        return (rv or "").split(self.envvar_list_splitter)
+
+    def fail(
+        self,
+        message: str,
+        param: t.Optional["Parameter"] = None,
+        ctx: t.Optional["Context"] = None,
+    ) -> "t.NoReturn":
+        """Helper method to fail with an invalid value message."""
+        raise BadParameter(message, ctx=ctx, param=param)
+
+    def shell_complete(
+        self, ctx: "Context", param: "Parameter", incomplete: str
+    ) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+        """Return a list of
+        :class:`~click.shell_completion.CompletionItem` objects for the
+        incomplete value. Most types do not provide completions, but
+        some do, and this allows custom types to provide custom
+        completions as well.
+
+        :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+        :param param: The parameter that is requesting completion.
+        :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        return []
+
+
+class CompositeParamType(ParamType):
+    is_composite = True
+
+    @property
+    def arity(self) -> int:  # type: ignore
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class FuncParamType(ParamType):
+    def __init__(self, func: t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]) -> None:
+        self.name = func.__name__
+        self.func = func
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+        info_dict["func"] = self.func
+        return info_dict
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        try:
+            return self.func(value)
+        except ValueError:
+            try:
+                value = str(value)
+            except UnicodeError:
+                value = value.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+
+            self.fail(value, param, ctx)
+
+
+class UnprocessedParamType(ParamType):
+    name = "text"
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        return value
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "UNPROCESSED"
+
+
+class StringParamType(ParamType):
+    name = "text"
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        if isinstance(value, bytes):
+            enc = _get_argv_encoding()
+            try:
+                value = value.decode(enc)
+            except UnicodeError:
+                fs_enc = get_filesystem_encoding()
+                if fs_enc != enc:
+                    try:
+                        value = value.decode(fs_enc)
+                    except UnicodeError:
+                        value = value.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+                else:
+                    value = value.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+            return value
+        return str(value)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "STRING"
+
+
+class Choice(ParamType):
+    """The choice type allows a value to be checked against a fixed set
+    of supported values. All of these values have to be strings.
+
+    You should only pass a list or tuple of choices. Other iterables
+    (like generators) may lead to surprising results.
+
+    The resulting value will always be one of the originally passed choices
+    regardless of ``case_sensitive`` or any ``ctx.token_normalize_func``
+    being specified.
+
+    See :ref:`choice-opts` for an example.
+
+    :param case_sensitive: Set to false to make choices case
+        insensitive. Defaults to true.
+    """
+
+    name = "choice"
+
+    def __init__(self, choices: t.Sequence[str], case_sensitive: bool = True) -> None:
+        self.choices = choices
+        self.case_sensitive = case_sensitive
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+        info_dict["choices"] = self.choices
+        info_dict["case_sensitive"] = self.case_sensitive
+        return info_dict
+
+    def get_metavar(self, param: "Parameter") -> str:
+        choices_str = "|".join(self.choices)
+
+        # Use curly braces to indicate a required argument.
+        if param.required and param.param_type_name == "argument":
+            return f"{{{choices_str}}}"
+
+        # Use square braces to indicate an option or optional argument.
+        return f"[{choices_str}]"
+
+    def get_missing_message(self, param: "Parameter") -> str:
+        return _("Choose from:\n\t{choices}").format(choices=",\n\t".join(self.choices))
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        # Match through normalization and case sensitivity
+        # first do token_normalize_func, then lowercase
+        # preserve original `value` to produce an accurate message in
+        # `self.fail`
+        normed_value = value
+        normed_choices = {choice: choice for choice in self.choices}
+
+        if ctx is not None and ctx.token_normalize_func is not None:
+            normed_value = ctx.token_normalize_func(value)
+            normed_choices = {
+                ctx.token_normalize_func(normed_choice): original
+                for normed_choice, original in normed_choices.items()
+            }
+
+        if not self.case_sensitive:
+            normed_value = normed_value.casefold()
+            normed_choices = {
+                normed_choice.casefold(): original
+                for normed_choice, original in normed_choices.items()
+            }
+
+        if normed_value in normed_choices:
+            return normed_choices[normed_value]
+
+        choices_str = ", ".join(map(repr, self.choices))
+        self.fail(
+            ngettext(
+                "{value!r} is not {choice}.",
+                "{value!r} is not one of {choices}.",
+                len(self.choices),
+            ).format(value=value, choice=choices_str, choices=choices_str),
+            param,
+            ctx,
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"Choice({list(self.choices)})"
+
+    def shell_complete(
+        self, ctx: "Context", param: "Parameter", incomplete: str
+    ) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+        """Complete choices that start with the incomplete value.
+
+        :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+        :param param: The parameter that is requesting completion.
+        :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+        str_choices = map(str, self.choices)
+
+        if self.case_sensitive:
+            matched = (c for c in str_choices if c.startswith(incomplete))
+        else:
+            incomplete = incomplete.lower()
+            matched = (c for c in str_choices if c.lower().startswith(incomplete))
+
+        return [CompletionItem(c) for c in matched]
+
+
+class DateTime(ParamType):
+    """The DateTime type converts date strings into `datetime` objects.
+
+    The format strings which are checked are configurable, but default to some
+    common (non-timezone aware) ISO 8601 formats.
+
+    When specifying *DateTime* formats, you should only pass a list or a tuple.
+    Other iterables, like generators, may lead to surprising results.
+
+    The format strings are processed using ``datetime.strptime``, and this
+    consequently defines the format strings which are allowed.
+
+    Parsing is tried using each format, in order, and the first format which
+    parses successfully is used.
+
+    :param formats: A list or tuple of date format strings, in the order in
+                    which they should be tried. Defaults to
+                    ``'%Y-%m-%d'``, ``'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S'``,
+                    ``'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'``.
+    """
+
+    name = "datetime"
+
+    def __init__(self, formats: t.Optional[t.Sequence[str]] = None):
+        self.formats = formats or ["%Y-%m-%d", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"]
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+        info_dict["formats"] = self.formats
+        return info_dict
+
+    def get_metavar(self, param: "Parameter") -> str:
+        return f"[{'|'.join(self.formats)}]"
+
+    def _try_to_convert_date(self, value: t.Any, format: str) -> t.Optional[datetime]:
+        try:
+            return datetime.strptime(value, format)
+        except ValueError:
+            return None
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        if isinstance(value, datetime):
+            return value
+
+        for format in self.formats:
+            converted = self._try_to_convert_date(value, format)
+
+            if converted is not None:
+                return converted
+
+        formats_str = ", ".join(map(repr, self.formats))
+        self.fail(
+            ngettext(
+                "{value!r} does not match the format {format}.",
+                "{value!r} does not match the formats {formats}.",
+                len(self.formats),
+            ).format(value=value, format=formats_str, formats=formats_str),
+            param,
+            ctx,
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "DateTime"
+
+
+class _NumberParamTypeBase(ParamType):
+    _number_class: t.ClassVar[t.Type]
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        try:
+            return self._number_class(value)
+        except ValueError:
+            self.fail(
+                _("{value!r} is not a valid {number_type}.").format(
+                    value=value, number_type=self.name
+                ),
+                param,
+                ctx,
+            )
+
+
+class _NumberRangeBase(_NumberParamTypeBase):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        min: t.Optional[float] = None,
+        max: t.Optional[float] = None,
+        min_open: bool = False,
+        max_open: bool = False,
+        clamp: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.min = min
+        self.max = max
+        self.min_open = min_open
+        self.max_open = max_open
+        self.clamp = clamp
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+        info_dict.update(
+            min=self.min,
+            max=self.max,
+            min_open=self.min_open,
+            max_open=self.max_open,
+            clamp=self.clamp,
+        )
+        return info_dict
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        import operator
+
+        rv = super().convert(value, param, ctx)
+        lt_min: bool = self.min is not None and (
+            operator.le if self.min_open else operator.lt
+        )(rv, self.min)
+        gt_max: bool = self.max is not None and (
+            operator.ge if self.max_open else operator.gt
+        )(rv, self.max)
+
+        if self.clamp:
+            if lt_min:
+                return self._clamp(self.min, 1, self.min_open)  # type: ignore
+
+            if gt_max:
+                return self._clamp(self.max, -1, self.max_open)  # type: ignore
+
+        if lt_min or gt_max:
+            self.fail(
+                _("{value} is not in the range {range}.").format(
+                    value=rv, range=self._describe_range()
+                ),
+                param,
+                ctx,
+            )
+
+        return rv
+
+    def _clamp(self, bound: float, dir: "te.Literal[1, -1]", open: bool) -> float:
+        """Find the valid value to clamp to bound in the given
+        direction.
+
+        :param bound: The boundary value.
+        :param dir: 1 or -1 indicating the direction to move.
+        :param open: If true, the range does not include the bound.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def _describe_range(self) -> str:
+        """Describe the range for use in help text."""
+        if self.min is None:
+            op = "<" if self.max_open else "<="
+            return f"x{op}{self.max}"
+
+        if self.max is None:
+            op = ">" if self.min_open else ">="
+            return f"x{op}{self.min}"
+
+        lop = "<" if self.min_open else "<="
+        rop = "<" if self.max_open else "<="
+        return f"{self.min}{lop}x{rop}{self.max}"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        clamp = " clamped" if self.clamp else ""
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self._describe_range()}{clamp}>"
+
+
+class IntParamType(_NumberParamTypeBase):
+    name = "integer"
+    _number_class = int
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "INT"
+
+
+class IntRange(_NumberRangeBase, IntParamType):
+    """Restrict an :data:`click.INT` value to a range of accepted
+    values. See :ref:`ranges`.
+
+    If ``min`` or ``max`` are not passed, any value is accepted in that
+    direction. If ``min_open`` or ``max_open`` are enabled, the
+    corresponding boundary is not included in the range.
+
+    If ``clamp`` is enabled, a value outside the range is clamped to the
+    boundary instead of failing.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Added the ``min_open`` and ``max_open`` parameters.
+    """
+
+    name = "integer range"
+
+    def _clamp(  # type: ignore
+        self, bound: int, dir: "te.Literal[1, -1]", open: bool
+    ) -> int:
+        if not open:
+            return bound
+
+        return bound + dir
+
+
+class FloatParamType(_NumberParamTypeBase):
+    name = "float"
+    _number_class = float
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "FLOAT"
+
+
+class FloatRange(_NumberRangeBase, FloatParamType):
+    """Restrict a :data:`click.FLOAT` value to a range of accepted
+    values. See :ref:`ranges`.
+
+    If ``min`` or ``max`` are not passed, any value is accepted in that
+    direction. If ``min_open`` or ``max_open`` are enabled, the
+    corresponding boundary is not included in the range.
+
+    If ``clamp`` is enabled, a value outside the range is clamped to the
+    boundary instead of failing. This is not supported if either
+    boundary is marked ``open``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Added the ``min_open`` and ``max_open`` parameters.
+    """
+
+    name = "float range"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        min: t.Optional[float] = None,
+        max: t.Optional[float] = None,
+        min_open: bool = False,
+        max_open: bool = False,
+        clamp: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            min=min, max=max, min_open=min_open, max_open=max_open, clamp=clamp
+        )
+
+        if (min_open or max_open) and clamp:
+            raise TypeError("Clamping is not supported for open bounds.")
+
+    def _clamp(self, bound: float, dir: "te.Literal[1, -1]", open: bool) -> float:
+        if not open:
+            return bound
+
+        # Could use Python 3.9's math.nextafter here, but clamping an
+        # open float range doesn't seem to be particularly useful. It's
+        # left up to the user to write a callback to do it if needed.
+        raise RuntimeError("Clamping is not supported for open bounds.")
+
+
+class BoolParamType(ParamType):
+    name = "boolean"
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        if value in {False, True}:
+            return bool(value)
+
+        norm = value.strip().lower()
+
+        if norm in {"1", "true", "t", "yes", "y", "on"}:
+            return True
+
+        if norm in {"0", "false", "f", "no", "n", "off"}:
+            return False
+
+        self.fail(
+            _("{value!r} is not a valid boolean.").format(value=value), param, ctx
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "BOOL"
+
+
+class UUIDParameterType(ParamType):
+    name = "uuid"
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        import uuid
+
+        if isinstance(value, uuid.UUID):
+            return value
+
+        value = value.strip()
+
+        try:
+            return uuid.UUID(value)
+        except ValueError:
+            self.fail(
+                _("{value!r} is not a valid UUID.").format(value=value), param, ctx
+            )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "UUID"
+
+
+class File(ParamType):
+    """Declares a parameter to be a file for reading or writing.  The file
+    is automatically closed once the context tears down (after the command
+    finished working).
+
+    Files can be opened for reading or writing.  The special value ``-``
+    indicates stdin or stdout depending on the mode.
+
+    By default, the file is opened for reading text data, but it can also be
+    opened in binary mode or for writing.  The encoding parameter can be used
+    to force a specific encoding.
+
+    The `lazy` flag controls if the file should be opened immediately or upon
+    first IO. The default is to be non-lazy for standard input and output
+    streams as well as files opened for reading, `lazy` otherwise. When opening a
+    file lazily for reading, it is still opened temporarily for validation, but
+    will not be held open until first IO. lazy is mainly useful when opening
+    for writing to avoid creating the file until it is needed.
+
+    Starting with Click 2.0, files can also be opened atomically in which
+    case all writes go into a separate file in the same folder and upon
+    completion the file will be moved over to the original location.  This
+    is useful if a file regularly read by other users is modified.
+
+    See :ref:`file-args` for more information.
+    """
+
+    name = "filename"
+    envvar_list_splitter = os.path.pathsep
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        mode: str = "r",
+        encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+        lazy: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        atomic: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.mode = mode
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        self.errors = errors
+        self.lazy = lazy
+        self.atomic = atomic
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+        info_dict.update(mode=self.mode, encoding=self.encoding)
+        return info_dict
+
+    def resolve_lazy_flag(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        if self.lazy is not None:
+            return self.lazy
+        if value == "-":
+            return False
+        elif "w" in self.mode:
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        try:
+            if hasattr(value, "read") or hasattr(value, "write"):
+                return value
+
+            lazy = self.resolve_lazy_flag(value)
+
+            if lazy:
+                f: t.IO = t.cast(
+                    t.IO,
+                    LazyFile(
+                        value, self.mode, self.encoding, self.errors, atomic=self.atomic
+                    ),
+                )
+
+                if ctx is not None:
+                    ctx.call_on_close(f.close_intelligently)  # type: ignore
+
+                return f
+
+            f, should_close = open_stream(
+                value, self.mode, self.encoding, self.errors, atomic=self.atomic
+            )
+
+            # If a context is provided, we automatically close the file
+            # at the end of the context execution (or flush out).  If a
+            # context does not exist, it's the caller's responsibility to
+            # properly close the file.  This for instance happens when the
+            # type is used with prompts.
+            if ctx is not None:
+                if should_close:
+                    ctx.call_on_close(safecall(f.close))
+                else:
+                    ctx.call_on_close(safecall(f.flush))
+
+            return f
+        except OSError as e:  # noqa: B014
+            self.fail(f"{os.fsdecode(value)!r}: {e.strerror}", param, ctx)
+
+    def shell_complete(
+        self, ctx: "Context", param: "Parameter", incomplete: str
+    ) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+        """Return a special completion marker that tells the completion
+        system to use the shell to provide file path completions.
+
+        :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+        :param param: The parameter that is requesting completion.
+        :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+        return [CompletionItem(incomplete, type="file")]
+
+
+class Path(ParamType):
+    """The path type is similar to the :class:`File` type but it performs
+    different checks.  First of all, instead of returning an open file
+    handle it returns just the filename.  Secondly, it can perform various
+    basic checks about what the file or directory should be.
+
+    :param exists: if set to true, the file or directory needs to exist for
+                   this value to be valid.  If this is not required and a
+                   file does indeed not exist, then all further checks are
+                   silently skipped.
+    :param file_okay: controls if a file is a possible value.
+    :param dir_okay: controls if a directory is a possible value.
+    :param writable: if true, a writable check is performed.
+    :param readable: if true, a readable check is performed.
+    :param resolve_path: if this is true, then the path is fully resolved
+                         before the value is passed onwards.  This means
+                         that it's absolute and symlinks are resolved.  It
+                         will not expand a tilde-prefix, as this is
+                         supposed to be done by the shell only.
+    :param allow_dash: If this is set to `True`, a single dash to indicate
+                       standard streams is permitted.
+    :param path_type: Convert the incoming path value to this type. If
+        ``None``, keep Python's default, which is ``str``. Useful to
+        convert to :class:`pathlib.Path`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+        Allow passing ``type=pathlib.Path``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 6.0
+        Added the ``allow_dash`` parameter.
+    """
+
+    envvar_list_splitter = os.path.pathsep
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        exists: bool = False,
+        file_okay: bool = True,
+        dir_okay: bool = True,
+        writable: bool = False,
+        readable: bool = True,
+        resolve_path: bool = False,
+        allow_dash: bool = False,
+        path_type: t.Optional[t.Type] = None,
+    ):
+        self.exists = exists
+        self.file_okay = file_okay
+        self.dir_okay = dir_okay
+        self.writable = writable
+        self.readable = readable
+        self.resolve_path = resolve_path
+        self.allow_dash = allow_dash
+        self.type = path_type
+
+        if self.file_okay and not self.dir_okay:
+            self.name = _("file")
+        elif self.dir_okay and not self.file_okay:
+            self.name = _("directory")
+        else:
+            self.name = _("path")
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+        info_dict.update(
+            exists=self.exists,
+            file_okay=self.file_okay,
+            dir_okay=self.dir_okay,
+            writable=self.writable,
+            readable=self.readable,
+            allow_dash=self.allow_dash,
+        )
+        return info_dict
+
+    def coerce_path_result(self, rv: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        if self.type is not None and not isinstance(rv, self.type):
+            if self.type is str:
+                rv = os.fsdecode(rv)
+            elif self.type is bytes:
+                rv = os.fsencode(rv)
+            else:
+                rv = self.type(rv)
+
+        return rv
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        rv = value
+
+        is_dash = self.file_okay and self.allow_dash and rv in (b"-", "-")
+
+        if not is_dash:
+            if self.resolve_path:
+                # os.path.realpath doesn't resolve symlinks on Windows
+                # until Python 3.8. Use pathlib for now.
+                import pathlib
+
+                rv = os.fsdecode(pathlib.Path(rv).resolve())
+
+            try:
+                st = os.stat(rv)
+            except OSError:
+                if not self.exists:
+                    return self.coerce_path_result(rv)
+                self.fail(
+                    _("{name} {filename!r} does not exist.").format(
+                        name=self.name.title(), filename=os.fsdecode(value)
+                    ),
+                    param,
+                    ctx,
+                )
+
+            if not self.file_okay and stat.S_ISREG(st.st_mode):
+                self.fail(
+                    _("{name} {filename!r} is a file.").format(
+                        name=self.name.title(), filename=os.fsdecode(value)
+                    ),
+                    param,
+                    ctx,
+                )
+            if not self.dir_okay and stat.S_ISDIR(st.st_mode):
+                self.fail(
+                    _("{name} {filename!r} is a directory.").format(
+                        name=self.name.title(), filename=os.fsdecode(value)
+                    ),
+                    param,
+                    ctx,
+                )
+            if self.writable and not os.access(rv, os.W_OK):
+                self.fail(
+                    _("{name} {filename!r} is not writable.").format(
+                        name=self.name.title(), filename=os.fsdecode(value)
+                    ),
+                    param,
+                    ctx,
+                )
+            if self.readable and not os.access(rv, os.R_OK):
+                self.fail(
+                    _("{name} {filename!r} is not readable.").format(
+                        name=self.name.title(), filename=os.fsdecode(value)
+                    ),
+                    param,
+                    ctx,
+                )
+
+        return self.coerce_path_result(rv)
+
+    def shell_complete(
+        self, ctx: "Context", param: "Parameter", incomplete: str
+    ) -> t.List["CompletionItem"]:
+        """Return a special completion marker that tells the completion
+        system to use the shell to provide path completions for only
+        directories or any paths.
+
+        :param ctx: Invocation context for this command.
+        :param param: The parameter that is requesting completion.
+        :param incomplete: Value being completed. May be empty.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        from click.shell_completion import CompletionItem
+
+        type = "dir" if self.dir_okay and not self.file_okay else "file"
+        return [CompletionItem(incomplete, type=type)]
+
+
+class Tuple(CompositeParamType):
+    """The default behavior of Click is to apply a type on a value directly.
+    This works well in most cases, except for when `nargs` is set to a fixed
+    count and different types should be used for different items.  In this
+    case the :class:`Tuple` type can be used.  This type can only be used
+    if `nargs` is set to a fixed number.
+
+    For more information see :ref:`tuple-type`.
+
+    This can be selected by using a Python tuple literal as a type.
+
+    :param types: a list of types that should be used for the tuple items.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, types: t.Sequence[t.Union[t.Type, ParamType]]) -> None:
+        self.types = [convert_type(ty) for ty in types]
+
+    def to_info_dict(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        info_dict = super().to_info_dict()
+        info_dict["types"] = [t.to_info_dict() for t in self.types]
+        return info_dict
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:  # type: ignore
+        return f"<{' '.join(ty.name for ty in self.types)}>"
+
+    @property
+    def arity(self) -> int:  # type: ignore
+        return len(self.types)
+
+    def convert(
+        self, value: t.Any, param: t.Optional["Parameter"], ctx: t.Optional["Context"]
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        len_type = len(self.types)
+        len_value = len(value)
+
+        if len_value != len_type:
+            self.fail(
+                ngettext(
+                    "{len_type} values are required, but {len_value} was given.",
+                    "{len_type} values are required, but {len_value} were given.",
+                    len_value,
+                ).format(len_type=len_type, len_value=len_value),
+                param=param,
+                ctx=ctx,
+            )
+
+        return tuple(ty(x, param, ctx) for ty, x in zip(self.types, value))
+
+
+def convert_type(ty: t.Optional[t.Any], default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None) -> ParamType:
+    """Find the most appropriate :class:`ParamType` for the given Python
+    type. If the type isn't provided, it can be inferred from a default
+    value.
+    """
+    guessed_type = False
+
+    if ty is None and default is not None:
+        if isinstance(default, (tuple, list)):
+            # If the default is empty, ty will remain None and will
+            # return STRING.
+            if default:
+                item = default[0]
+
+                # A tuple of tuples needs to detect the inner types.
+                # Can't call convert recursively because that would
+                # incorrectly unwind the tuple to a single type.
+                if isinstance(item, (tuple, list)):
+                    ty = tuple(map(type, item))
+                else:
+                    ty = type(item)
+        else:
+            ty = type(default)
+
+        guessed_type = True
+
+    if isinstance(ty, tuple):
+        return Tuple(ty)
+
+    if isinstance(ty, ParamType):
+        return ty
+
+    if ty is str or ty is None:
+        return STRING
+
+    if ty is int:
+        return INT
+
+    if ty is float:
+        return FLOAT
+
+    if ty is bool:
+        return BOOL
+
+    if guessed_type:
+        return STRING
+
+    if __debug__:
+        try:
+            if issubclass(ty, ParamType):
+                raise AssertionError(
+                    f"Attempted to use an uninstantiated parameter type ({ty})."
+                )
+        except TypeError:
+            # ty is an instance (correct), so issubclass fails.
+            pass
+
+    return FuncParamType(ty)
+
+
+#: A dummy parameter type that just does nothing.  From a user's
+#: perspective this appears to just be the same as `STRING` but
+#: internally no string conversion takes place if the input was bytes.
+#: This is usually useful when working with file paths as they can
+#: appear in bytes and unicode.
+#:
+#: For path related uses the :class:`Path` type is a better choice but
+#: there are situations where an unprocessed type is useful which is why
+#: it is is provided.
+#:
+#: .. versionadded:: 4.0
+UNPROCESSED = UnprocessedParamType()
+
+#: A unicode string parameter type which is the implicit default.  This
+#: can also be selected by using ``str`` as type.
+STRING = StringParamType()
+
+#: An integer parameter.  This can also be selected by using ``int`` as
+#: type.
+INT = IntParamType()
+
+#: A floating point value parameter.  This can also be selected by using
+#: ``float`` as type.
+FLOAT = FloatParamType()
+
+#: A boolean parameter.  This is the default for boolean flags.  This can
+#: also be selected by using ``bool`` as a type.
+BOOL = BoolParamType()
+
+#: A UUID parameter.
+UUID = UUIDParameterType()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/utils.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16033d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/click/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,579 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from types import ModuleType
+
+from ._compat import _default_text_stderr
+from ._compat import _default_text_stdout
+from ._compat import _find_binary_writer
+from ._compat import auto_wrap_for_ansi
+from ._compat import binary_streams
+from ._compat import get_filesystem_encoding
+from ._compat import open_stream
+from ._compat import should_strip_ansi
+from ._compat import strip_ansi
+from ._compat import text_streams
+from ._compat import WIN
+from .globals import resolve_color_default
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+
+
+def _posixify(name: str) -> str:
+    return "-".join(name.split()).lower()
+
+
+def safecall(func: F) -> F:
+    """Wraps a function so that it swallows exceptions."""
+
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+        try:
+            return func(*args, **kwargs)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, wrapper), func)
+
+
+def make_str(value: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Converts a value into a valid string."""
+    if isinstance(value, bytes):
+        try:
+            return value.decode(get_filesystem_encoding())
+        except UnicodeError:
+            return value.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+    return str(value)
+
+
+def make_default_short_help(help: str, max_length: int = 45) -> str:
+    """Returns a condensed version of help string."""
+    # Consider only the first paragraph.
+    paragraph_end = help.find("\n\n")
+
+    if paragraph_end != -1:
+        help = help[:paragraph_end]
+
+    # Collapse newlines, tabs, and spaces.
+    words = help.split()
+
+    if not words:
+        return ""
+
+    # The first paragraph started with a "no rewrap" marker, ignore it.
+    if words[0] == "\b":
+        words = words[1:]
+
+    total_length = 0
+    last_index = len(words) - 1
+
+    for i, word in enumerate(words):
+        total_length += len(word) + (i > 0)
+
+        if total_length > max_length:  # too long, truncate
+            break
+
+        if word[-1] == ".":  # sentence end, truncate without "..."
+            return " ".join(words[: i + 1])
+
+        if total_length == max_length and i != last_index:
+            break  # not at sentence end, truncate with "..."
+    else:
+        return " ".join(words)  # no truncation needed
+
+    # Account for the length of the suffix.
+    total_length += len("...")
+
+    # remove words until the length is short enough
+    while i > 0:
+        total_length -= len(words[i]) + (i > 0)
+
+        if total_length <= max_length:
+            break
+
+        i -= 1
+
+    return " ".join(words[:i]) + "..."
+
+
+class LazyFile:
+    """A lazy file works like a regular file but it does not fully open
+    the file but it does perform some basic checks early to see if the
+    filename parameter does make sense.  This is useful for safely opening
+    files for writing.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        filename: str,
+        mode: str = "r",
+        encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+        atomic: bool = False,
+    ):
+        self.name = filename
+        self.mode = mode
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        self.errors = errors
+        self.atomic = atomic
+        self._f: t.Optional[t.IO]
+
+        if filename == "-":
+            self._f, self.should_close = open_stream(filename, mode, encoding, errors)
+        else:
+            if "r" in mode:
+                # Open and close the file in case we're opening it for
+                # reading so that we can catch at least some errors in
+                # some cases early.
+                open(filename, mode).close()
+            self._f = None
+            self.should_close = True
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        return getattr(self.open(), name)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        if self._f is not None:
+            return repr(self._f)
+        return f"<unopened file '{self.name}' {self.mode}>"
+
+    def open(self) -> t.IO:
+        """Opens the file if it's not yet open.  This call might fail with
+        a :exc:`FileError`.  Not handling this error will produce an error
+        that Click shows.
+        """
+        if self._f is not None:
+            return self._f
+        try:
+            rv, self.should_close = open_stream(
+                self.name, self.mode, self.encoding, self.errors, atomic=self.atomic
+            )
+        except OSError as e:  # noqa: E402
+            from .exceptions import FileError
+
+            raise FileError(self.name, hint=e.strerror) from e
+        self._f = rv
+        return rv
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Closes the underlying file, no matter what."""
+        if self._f is not None:
+            self._f.close()
+
+    def close_intelligently(self) -> None:
+        """This function only closes the file if it was opened by the lazy
+        file wrapper.  For instance this will never close stdin.
+        """
+        if self.should_close:
+            self.close()
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "LazyFile":
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb):  # type: ignore
+        self.close_intelligently()
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.AnyStr]:
+        self.open()
+        return iter(self._f)  # type: ignore
+
+
+class KeepOpenFile:
+    def __init__(self, file: t.IO) -> None:
+        self._file = file
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        return getattr(self._file, name)
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "KeepOpenFile":
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb):  # type: ignore
+        pass
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return repr(self._file)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.AnyStr]:
+        return iter(self._file)
+
+
+def echo(
+    message: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+    file: t.Optional[t.IO] = None,
+    nl: bool = True,
+    err: bool = False,
+    color: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> None:
+    """Print a message and newline to stdout or a file. This should be
+    used instead of :func:`print` because it provides better support
+    for different data, files, and environments.
+
+    Compared to :func:`print`, this does the following:
+
+    -   Ensures that the output encoding is not misconfigured on Linux.
+    -   Supports Unicode in the Windows console.
+    -   Supports writing to binary outputs, and supports writing bytes
+        to text outputs.
+    -   Supports colors and styles on Windows.
+    -   Removes ANSI color and style codes if the output does not look
+        like an interactive terminal.
+    -   Always flushes the output.
+
+    :param message: The string or bytes to output. Other objects are
+        converted to strings.
+    :param file: The file to write to. Defaults to ``stdout``.
+    :param err: Write to ``stderr`` instead of ``stdout``.
+    :param nl: Print a newline after the message. Enabled by default.
+    :param color: Force showing or hiding colors and other styles. By
+        default Click will remove color if the output does not look like
+        an interactive terminal.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 6.0
+        Support Unicode output on the Windows console. Click does not
+        modify ``sys.stdout``, so ``sys.stdout.write()`` and ``print()``
+        will still not support Unicode.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+        Added the ``color`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        Added the ``err`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Support colors on Windows if colorama is installed.
+    """
+    if file is None:
+        if err:
+            file = _default_text_stderr()
+        else:
+            file = _default_text_stdout()
+
+    # Convert non bytes/text into the native string type.
+    if message is not None and not isinstance(message, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+        out: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes]] = str(message)
+    else:
+        out = message
+
+    if nl:
+        out = out or ""
+        if isinstance(out, str):
+            out += "\n"
+        else:
+            out += b"\n"
+
+    if not out:
+        file.flush()
+        return
+
+    # If there is a message and the value looks like bytes, we manually
+    # need to find the binary stream and write the message in there.
+    # This is done separately so that most stream types will work as you
+    # would expect. Eg: you can write to StringIO for other cases.
+    if isinstance(out, (bytes, bytearray)):
+        binary_file = _find_binary_writer(file)
+
+        if binary_file is not None:
+            file.flush()
+            binary_file.write(out)
+            binary_file.flush()
+            return
+
+    # ANSI style code support. For no message or bytes, nothing happens.
+    # When outputting to a file instead of a terminal, strip codes.
+    else:
+        color = resolve_color_default(color)
+
+        if should_strip_ansi(file, color):
+            out = strip_ansi(out)
+        elif WIN:
+            if auto_wrap_for_ansi is not None:
+                file = auto_wrap_for_ansi(file)  # type: ignore
+            elif not color:
+                out = strip_ansi(out)
+
+    file.write(out)  # type: ignore
+    file.flush()
+
+
+def get_binary_stream(name: "te.Literal['stdin', 'stdout', 'stderr']") -> t.BinaryIO:
+    """Returns a system stream for byte processing.
+
+    :param name: the name of the stream to open.  Valid names are ``'stdin'``,
+                 ``'stdout'`` and ``'stderr'``
+    """
+    opener = binary_streams.get(name)
+    if opener is None:
+        raise TypeError(f"Unknown standard stream '{name}'")
+    return opener()
+
+
+def get_text_stream(
+    name: "te.Literal['stdin', 'stdout', 'stderr']",
+    encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+) -> t.TextIO:
+    """Returns a system stream for text processing.  This usually returns
+    a wrapped stream around a binary stream returned from
+    :func:`get_binary_stream` but it also can take shortcuts for already
+    correctly configured streams.
+
+    :param name: the name of the stream to open.  Valid names are ``'stdin'``,
+                 ``'stdout'`` and ``'stderr'``
+    :param encoding: overrides the detected default encoding.
+    :param errors: overrides the default error mode.
+    """
+    opener = text_streams.get(name)
+    if opener is None:
+        raise TypeError(f"Unknown standard stream '{name}'")
+    return opener(encoding, errors)
+
+
+def open_file(
+    filename: str,
+    mode: str = "r",
+    encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+    lazy: bool = False,
+    atomic: bool = False,
+) -> t.IO:
+    """This is similar to how the :class:`File` works but for manual
+    usage.  Files are opened non lazy by default.  This can open regular
+    files as well as stdin/stdout if ``'-'`` is passed.
+
+    If stdin/stdout is returned the stream is wrapped so that the context
+    manager will not close the stream accidentally.  This makes it possible
+    to always use the function like this without having to worry to
+    accidentally close a standard stream::
+
+        with open_file(filename) as f:
+            ...
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0
+
+    :param filename: the name of the file to open (or ``'-'`` for stdin/stdout).
+    :param mode: the mode in which to open the file.
+    :param encoding: the encoding to use.
+    :param errors: the error handling for this file.
+    :param lazy: can be flipped to true to open the file lazily.
+    :param atomic: in atomic mode writes go into a temporary file and it's
+                   moved on close.
+    """
+    if lazy:
+        return t.cast(t.IO, LazyFile(filename, mode, encoding, errors, atomic=atomic))
+    f, should_close = open_stream(filename, mode, encoding, errors, atomic=atomic)
+    if not should_close:
+        f = t.cast(t.IO, KeepOpenFile(f))
+    return f
+
+
+def get_os_args() -> t.Sequence[str]:
+    """Returns the argument part of ``sys.argv``, removing the first
+    value which is the name of the script.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 8.0
+        Will be removed in Click 8.1. Access ``sys.argv[1:]`` directly
+        instead.
+    """
+    import warnings
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'get_os_args' is deprecated and will be removed in Click 8.1."
+        " Access 'sys.argv[1:]' directly instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return sys.argv[1:]
+
+
+def format_filename(
+    filename: t.Union[str, bytes, os.PathLike], shorten: bool = False
+) -> str:
+    """Formats a filename for user display.  The main purpose of this
+    function is to ensure that the filename can be displayed at all.  This
+    will decode the filename to unicode if necessary in a way that it will
+    not fail.  Optionally, it can shorten the filename to not include the
+    full path to the filename.
+
+    :param filename: formats a filename for UI display.  This will also convert
+                     the filename into unicode without failing.
+    :param shorten: this optionally shortens the filename to strip of the
+                    path that leads up to it.
+    """
+    if shorten:
+        filename = os.path.basename(filename)
+
+    return os.fsdecode(filename)
+
+
+def get_app_dir(app_name: str, roaming: bool = True, force_posix: bool = False) -> str:
+    r"""Returns the config folder for the application.  The default behavior
+    is to return whatever is most appropriate for the operating system.
+
+    To give you an idea, for an app called ``"Foo Bar"``, something like
+    the following folders could be returned:
+
+    Mac OS X:
+      ``~/Library/Application Support/Foo Bar``
+    Mac OS X (POSIX):
+      ``~/.foo-bar``
+    Unix:
+      ``~/.config/foo-bar``
+    Unix (POSIX):
+      ``~/.foo-bar``
+    Windows (roaming):
+      ``C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Roaming\Foo Bar``
+    Windows (not roaming):
+      ``C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\Foo Bar``
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+    :param app_name: the application name.  This should be properly capitalized
+                     and can contain whitespace.
+    :param roaming: controls if the folder should be roaming or not on Windows.
+                    Has no affect otherwise.
+    :param force_posix: if this is set to `True` then on any POSIX system the
+                        folder will be stored in the home folder with a leading
+                        dot instead of the XDG config home or darwin's
+                        application support folder.
+    """
+    if WIN:
+        key = "APPDATA" if roaming else "LOCALAPPDATA"
+        folder = os.environ.get(key)
+        if folder is None:
+            folder = os.path.expanduser("~")
+        return os.path.join(folder, app_name)
+    if force_posix:
+        return os.path.join(os.path.expanduser(f"~/.{_posixify(app_name)}"))
+    if sys.platform == "darwin":
+        return os.path.join(
+            os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Application Support"), app_name
+        )
+    return os.path.join(
+        os.environ.get("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", os.path.expanduser("~/.config")),
+        _posixify(app_name),
+    )
+
+
+class PacifyFlushWrapper:
+    """This wrapper is used to catch and suppress BrokenPipeErrors resulting
+    from ``.flush()`` being called on broken pipe during the shutdown/final-GC
+    of the Python interpreter. Notably ``.flush()`` is always called on
+    ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``. So as to have minimal impact on any
+    other cleanup code, and the case where the underlying file is not a broken
+    pipe, all calls and attributes are proxied.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, wrapped: t.IO) -> None:
+        self.wrapped = wrapped
+
+    def flush(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.wrapped.flush()
+        except OSError as e:
+            import errno
+
+            if e.errno != errno.EPIPE:
+                raise
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> t.Any:
+        return getattr(self.wrapped, attr)
+
+
+def _detect_program_name(
+    path: t.Optional[str] = None, _main: ModuleType = sys.modules["__main__"]
+) -> str:
+    """Determine the command used to run the program, for use in help
+    text. If a file or entry point was executed, the file name is
+    returned. If ``python -m`` was used to execute a module or package,
+    ``python -m name`` is returned.
+
+    This doesn't try to be too precise, the goal is to give a concise
+    name for help text. Files are only shown as their name without the
+    path. ``python`` is only shown for modules, and the full path to
+    ``sys.executable`` is not shown.
+
+    :param path: The Python file being executed. Python puts this in
+        ``sys.argv[0]``, which is used by default.
+    :param _main: The ``__main__`` module. This should only be passed
+        during internal testing.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        Based on command args detection in the Werkzeug reloader.
+
+    :meta private:
+    """
+    if not path:
+        path = sys.argv[0]
+
+    # The value of __package__ indicates how Python was called. It may
+    # not exist if a setuptools script is installed as an egg. It may be
+    # set incorrectly for entry points created with pip on Windows.
+    if getattr(_main, "__package__", None) is None or (
+        os.name == "nt"
+        and _main.__package__ == ""
+        and not os.path.exists(path)
+        and os.path.exists(f"{path}.exe")
+    ):
+        # Executed a file, like "python app.py".
+        return os.path.basename(path)
+
+    # Executed a module, like "python -m example".
+    # Rewritten by Python from "-m script" to "/path/to/script.py".
+    # Need to look at main module to determine how it was executed.
+    py_module = t.cast(str, _main.__package__)
+    name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(path))[0]
+
+    # A submodule like "example.cli".
+    if name != "__main__":
+        py_module = f"{py_module}.{name}"
+
+    return f"python -m {py_module.lstrip('.')}"
+
+
+def _expand_args(
+    args: t.Iterable[str],
+    *,
+    user: bool = True,
+    env: bool = True,
+    glob_recursive: bool = True,
+) -> t.List[str]:
+    """Simulate Unix shell expansion with Python functions.
+
+    See :func:`glob.glob`, :func:`os.path.expanduser`, and
+    :func:`os.path.expandvars`.
+
+    This intended for use on Windows, where the shell does not do any
+    expansion. It may not exactly match what a Unix shell would do.
+
+    :param args: List of command line arguments to expand.
+    :param user: Expand user home directory.
+    :param env: Expand environment variables.
+    :param glob_recursive: ``**`` matches directories recursively.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 8.0
+
+    :meta private:
+    """
+    from glob import glob
+
+    out = []
+
+    for arg in args:
+        if user:
+            arg = os.path.expanduser(arg)
+
+        if env:
+            arg = os.path.expandvars(arg)
+
+        matches = glob(arg, recursive=glob_recursive)
+
+        if not matches:
+            out.append(arg)
+        else:
+            out.extend(matches)
+
+    return out
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/LICENSE.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3105888
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+Copyright (c) 2010 Jonathan Hartley
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+  list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+  and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+* Neither the name of the copyright holders, nor those of its contributors
+  may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+  specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
+SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
+CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
+OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a175c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: colorama
+Version: 0.4.4
+Summary: Cross-platform colored terminal text.
+Home-page: https://github.com/tartley/colorama
+Author: Jonathan Hartley
+Author-email: tartley@tartley.com
+Maintainer: Arnon Yaari
+License: BSD
+Keywords: color colour terminal text ansi windows crossplatform xplatform
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Console
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Topic :: Terminals
+Requires-Python: >=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*, !=3.4.*
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/colorama.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.org/project/colorama/
+    :alt: Latest Version
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/colorama.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.org/project/colorama/
+    :alt: Supported Python versions
+
+.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/tartley/colorama.svg?branch=master
+    :target: https://travis-ci.org/tartley/colorama
+    :alt: Build Status
+
+Colorama
+========
+
+Makes ANSI escape character sequences (for producing colored terminal text and
+cursor positioning) work under MS Windows.
+
+.. |donate| image:: https://www.paypalobjects.com/en_US/i/btn/btn_donate_SM.gif
+  :target: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_donations&business=2MZ9D2GMLYCUJ&item_name=Colorama&currency_code=USD
+  :alt: Donate with Paypal
+
+`PyPI for releases <https://pypi.org/project/colorama/>`_ ·
+`Github for source <https://github.com/tartley/colorama>`_ ·
+`Colorama for enterprise on Tidelift <https://github.com/tartley/colorama/blob/master/ENTERPRISE.md>`_
+
+If you find Colorama useful, please |donate| to the authors. Thank you!
+
+
+Installation
+------------
+
+.. code-block:: bash
+
+    pip install colorama
+    # or
+    conda install -c anaconda colorama
+
+
+Description
+-----------
+
+ANSI escape character sequences have long been used to produce colored terminal
+text and cursor positioning on Unix and Macs. Colorama makes this work on
+Windows, too, by wrapping ``stdout``, stripping ANSI sequences it finds (which
+would appear as gobbledygook in the output), and converting them into the
+appropriate win32 calls to modify the state of the terminal. On other platforms,
+Colorama does nothing.
+
+This has the upshot of providing a simple cross-platform API for printing
+colored terminal text from Python, and has the happy side-effect that existing
+applications or libraries which use ANSI sequences to produce colored output on
+Linux or Macs can now also work on Windows, simply by calling
+``colorama.init()``.
+
+An alternative approach is to install ``ansi.sys`` on Windows machines, which
+provides the same behaviour for all applications running in terminals. Colorama
+is intended for situations where that isn't easy (e.g., maybe your app doesn't
+have an installer.)
+
+Demo scripts in the source code repository print some colored text using
+ANSI sequences. Compare their output under Gnome-terminal's built in ANSI
+handling, versus on Windows Command-Prompt using Colorama:
+
+.. image:: https://github.com/tartley/colorama/raw/master/screenshots/ubuntu-demo.png
+    :width: 661
+    :height: 357
+    :alt: ANSI sequences on Ubuntu under gnome-terminal.
+
+.. image:: https://github.com/tartley/colorama/raw/master/screenshots/windows-demo.png
+    :width: 668
+    :height: 325
+    :alt: Same ANSI sequences on Windows, using Colorama.
+
+These screenshots show that, on Windows, Colorama does not support ANSI 'dim
+text'; it looks the same as 'normal text'.
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+Initialisation
+..............
+
+Applications should initialise Colorama using:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from colorama import init
+    init()
+
+On Windows, calling ``init()`` will filter ANSI escape sequences out of any
+text sent to ``stdout`` or ``stderr``, and replace them with equivalent Win32
+calls.
+
+On other platforms, calling ``init()`` has no effect (unless you request other
+optional functionality; see "Init Keyword Args", below). By design, this permits
+applications to call ``init()`` unconditionally on all platforms, after which
+ANSI output should just work.
+
+To stop using Colorama before your program exits, simply call ``deinit()``.
+This will restore ``stdout`` and ``stderr`` to their original values, so that
+Colorama is disabled. To resume using Colorama again, call ``reinit()``; it is
+cheaper than calling ``init()`` again (but does the same thing).
+
+
+Colored Output
+..............
+
+Cross-platform printing of colored text can then be done using Colorama's
+constant shorthand for ANSI escape sequences:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from colorama import Fore, Back, Style
+    print(Fore.RED + 'some red text')
+    print(Back.GREEN + 'and with a green background')
+    print(Style.DIM + 'and in dim text')
+    print(Style.RESET_ALL)
+    print('back to normal now')
+
+...or simply by manually printing ANSI sequences from your own code:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    print('\033[31m' + 'some red text')
+    print('\033[39m') # and reset to default color
+
+...or, Colorama can be used in conjunction with existing ANSI libraries
+such as the venerable `Termcolor <https://pypi.org/project/termcolor/>`_
+or the fabulous `Blessings <https://pypi.org/project/blessings/>`_.
+This is highly recommended for anything more than trivial coloring:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from colorama import init
+    from termcolor import colored
+
+    # use Colorama to make Termcolor work on Windows too
+    init()
+
+    # then use Termcolor for all colored text output
+    print(colored('Hello, World!', 'green', 'on_red'))
+
+Available formatting constants are::
+
+    Fore: BLACK, RED, GREEN, YELLOW, BLUE, MAGENTA, CYAN, WHITE, RESET.
+    Back: BLACK, RED, GREEN, YELLOW, BLUE, MAGENTA, CYAN, WHITE, RESET.
+    Style: DIM, NORMAL, BRIGHT, RESET_ALL
+
+``Style.RESET_ALL`` resets foreground, background, and brightness. Colorama will
+perform this reset automatically on program exit.
+
+
+Cursor Positioning
+..................
+
+ANSI codes to reposition the cursor are supported. See ``demos/demo06.py`` for
+an example of how to generate them.
+
+
+Init Keyword Args
+.................
+
+``init()`` accepts some ``**kwargs`` to override default behaviour.
+
+init(autoreset=False):
+    If you find yourself repeatedly sending reset sequences to turn off color
+    changes at the end of every print, then ``init(autoreset=True)`` will
+    automate that:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        from colorama import init
+        init(autoreset=True)
+        print(Fore.RED + 'some red text')
+        print('automatically back to default color again')
+
+init(strip=None):
+    Pass ``True`` or ``False`` to override whether ANSI codes should be
+    stripped from the output. The default behaviour is to strip if on Windows
+    or if output is redirected (not a tty).
+
+init(convert=None):
+    Pass ``True`` or ``False`` to override whether to convert ANSI codes in the
+    output into win32 calls. The default behaviour is to convert if on Windows
+    and output is to a tty (terminal).
+
+init(wrap=True):
+    On Windows, Colorama works by replacing ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``
+    with proxy objects, which override the ``.write()`` method to do their work.
+    If this wrapping causes you problems, then this can be disabled by passing
+    ``init(wrap=False)``. The default behaviour is to wrap if ``autoreset`` or
+    ``strip`` or ``convert`` are True.
+
+    When wrapping is disabled, colored printing on non-Windows platforms will
+    continue to work as normal. To do cross-platform colored output, you can
+    use Colorama's ``AnsiToWin32`` proxy directly:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        import sys
+        from colorama import init, AnsiToWin32
+        init(wrap=False)
+        stream = AnsiToWin32(sys.stderr).stream
+
+        # Python 2
+        print >>stream, Fore.BLUE + 'blue text on stderr'
+
+        # Python 3
+        print(Fore.BLUE + 'blue text on stderr', file=stream)
+
+
+Recognised ANSI Sequences
+.........................
+
+ANSI sequences generally take the form::
+
+    ESC [ <param> ; <param> ... <command>
+
+Where ``<param>`` is an integer, and ``<command>`` is a single letter. Zero or
+more params are passed to a ``<command>``. If no params are passed, it is
+generally synonymous with passing a single zero. No spaces exist in the
+sequence; they have been inserted here simply to read more easily.
+
+The only ANSI sequences that Colorama converts into win32 calls are::
+
+    ESC [ 0 m       # reset all (colors and brightness)
+    ESC [ 1 m       # bright
+    ESC [ 2 m       # dim (looks same as normal brightness)
+    ESC [ 22 m      # normal brightness
+
+    # FOREGROUND:
+    ESC [ 30 m      # black
+    ESC [ 31 m      # red
+    ESC [ 32 m      # green
+    ESC [ 33 m      # yellow
+    ESC [ 34 m      # blue
+    ESC [ 35 m      # magenta
+    ESC [ 36 m      # cyan
+    ESC [ 37 m      # white
+    ESC [ 39 m      # reset
+
+    # BACKGROUND
+    ESC [ 40 m      # black
+    ESC [ 41 m      # red
+    ESC [ 42 m      # green
+    ESC [ 43 m      # yellow
+    ESC [ 44 m      # blue
+    ESC [ 45 m      # magenta
+    ESC [ 46 m      # cyan
+    ESC [ 47 m      # white
+    ESC [ 49 m      # reset
+
+    # cursor positioning
+    ESC [ y;x H     # position cursor at x across, y down
+    ESC [ y;x f     # position cursor at x across, y down
+    ESC [ n A       # move cursor n lines up
+    ESC [ n B       # move cursor n lines down
+    ESC [ n C       # move cursor n characters forward
+    ESC [ n D       # move cursor n characters backward
+
+    # clear the screen
+    ESC [ mode J    # clear the screen
+
+    # clear the line
+    ESC [ mode K    # clear the line
+
+Multiple numeric params to the ``'m'`` command can be combined into a single
+sequence::
+
+    ESC [ 36 ; 45 ; 1 m     # bright cyan text on magenta background
+
+All other ANSI sequences of the form ``ESC [ <param> ; <param> ... <command>``
+are silently stripped from the output on Windows.
+
+Any other form of ANSI sequence, such as single-character codes or alternative
+initial characters, are not recognised or stripped. It would be cool to add
+them though. Let me know if it would be useful for you, via the Issues on
+GitHub.
+
+
+Status & Known Problems
+-----------------------
+
+I've personally only tested it on Windows XP (CMD, Console2), Ubuntu
+(gnome-terminal, xterm), and OS X.
+
+Some presumably valid ANSI sequences aren't recognised (see details below),
+but to my knowledge nobody has yet complained about this. Puzzling.
+
+See outstanding issues and wish-list:
+https://github.com/tartley/colorama/issues
+
+If anything doesn't work for you, or doesn't do what you expected or hoped for,
+I'd love to hear about it on that issues list, would be delighted by patches,
+and would be happy to grant commit access to anyone who submits a working patch
+or two.
+
+
+License
+-------
+
+Copyright Jonathan Hartley & Arnon Yaari, 2013-2020. BSD 3-Clause license; see
+LICENSE file.
+
+
+Development
+-----------
+
+Help and fixes welcome!
+
+Tested on CPython 2.7, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7 and 3.8.
+
+No requirements other than the standard library.
+Development requirements are captured in requirements-dev.txt.
+
+To create and populate a virtual environment::
+
+    ./bootstrap.ps1 # Windows
+    make bootstrap # Linux
+
+To run tests::
+
+   ./test.ps1 # Windows
+   make test # Linux
+
+If you use nose to run the tests, you must pass the ``-s`` flag; otherwise,
+``nosetests`` applies its own proxy to ``stdout``, which confuses the unit
+tests.
+
+
+Professional support
+--------------------
+
+.. |tideliftlogo| image:: https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/4008838/website/logos/logos_for_download/Tidelift_primary-shorthand-logo.png
+   :alt: Tidelift
+   :target: https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-colorama?utm_source=pypi-colorama&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=readme
+
+.. list-table::
+   :widths: 10 100
+
+   * - |tideliftlogo|
+     - Professional support for colorama is available as part of the
+       `Tidelift Subscription`_.
+       Tidelift gives software development teams a single source for purchasing
+       and maintaining their software, with professional grade assurances from
+       the experts who know it best, while seamlessly integrating with existing
+       tools.
+
+.. _Tidelift Subscription: https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-colorama?utm_source=pypi-colorama&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=readme
+
+
+Thanks
+------
+
+* Marc Schlaich (schlamar) for a ``setup.py`` fix for Python2.5.
+* Marc Abramowitz, reported & fixed a crash on exit with closed ``stdout``,
+  providing a solution to issue #7's setuptools/distutils debate,
+  and other fixes.
+* User 'eryksun', for guidance on correctly instantiating ``ctypes.windll``.
+* Matthew McCormick for politely pointing out a longstanding crash on non-Win.
+* Ben Hoyt, for a magnificent fix under 64-bit Windows.
+* Jesse at Empty Square for submitting a fix for examples in the README.
+* User 'jamessp', an observant documentation fix for cursor positioning.
+* User 'vaal1239', Dave Mckee & Lackner Kristof for a tiny but much-needed Win7
+  fix.
+* Julien Stuyck, for wisely suggesting Python3 compatible updates to README.
+* Daniel Griffith for multiple fabulous patches.
+* Oscar Lesta for a valuable fix to stop ANSI chars being sent to non-tty
+  output.
+* Roger Binns, for many suggestions, valuable feedback, & bug reports.
+* Tim Golden for thought and much appreciated feedback on the initial idea.
+* User 'Zearin' for updates to the README file.
+* John Szakmeister for adding support for light colors
+* Charles Merriam for adding documentation to demos
+* Jurko for a fix on 64-bit Windows CPython2.5 w/o ctypes
+* Florian Bruhin for a fix when stdout or stderr are None
+* Thomas Weininger for fixing ValueError on Windows
+* Remi Rampin for better Github integration and fixes to the README file
+* Simeon Visser for closing a file handle using 'with' and updating classifiers
+  to include Python 3.3 and 3.4
+* Andy Neff for fixing RESET of LIGHT_EX colors.
+* Jonathan Hartley for the initial idea and implementation.
+
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e806f4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/LICENSE.txt,sha256=ysNcAmhuXQSlpxQL-zs25zrtSWZW6JEQLkKIhteTAxg,1491
+colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=JmU7ePpEh1xcqZV0JKcrrlU7cp5o4InDlHJXbo_FTQw,14551
+colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/RECORD,,
+colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=gxPaqcqKPLUXaSAKwmfHO7_iAOlVvmp33DewnUluBB8,116
+colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=_Kx6-Cni2BT1PEATPhrSRxo0d7kSgfBbHf5o7IF1ABw,9
+colorama/__init__.py,sha256=pCdErryzLSzDW5P-rRPBlPLqbBtIRNJB6cMgoeJns5k,239
+colorama/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colorama/__pycache__/ansi.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colorama/__pycache__/ansitowin32.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colorama/__pycache__/initialise.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colorama/__pycache__/win32.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colorama/__pycache__/winterm.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colorama/ansi.py,sha256=Top4EeEuaQdBWdteKMEcGOTeKeF19Q-Wo_6_Cj5kOzQ,2522
+colorama/ansitowin32.py,sha256=yV7CEmCb19MjnJKODZEEvMH_fnbJhwnpzo4sxZuGXmA,10517
+colorama/initialise.py,sha256=PprovDNxMTrvoNHFcL2NZjpH2XzDc8BLxLxiErfUl4k,1915
+colorama/win32.py,sha256=bJ8Il9jwaBN5BJ8bmN6FoYZ1QYuMKv2j8fGrXh7TJjw,5404
+colorama/winterm.py,sha256=2y_2b7Zsv34feAsP67mLOVc-Bgq51mdYGo571VprlrM,6438
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecd4e92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.35.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3fcfb51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama-0.4.4.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+colorama
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b149ed7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+from .initialise import init, deinit, reinit, colorama_text
+from .ansi import Fore, Back, Style, Cursor
+from .ansitowin32 import AnsiToWin32
+
+__version__ = '0.4.4'
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/__pycache__/win32.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/__pycache__/win32.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/__pycache__/winterm.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/__pycache__/winterm.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/ansi.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/ansi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11ec695
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/ansi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+'''
+This module generates ANSI character codes to printing colors to terminals.
+See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code
+'''
+
+CSI = '\033['
+OSC = '\033]'
+BEL = '\a'
+
+
+def code_to_chars(code):
+    return CSI + str(code) + 'm'
+
+def set_title(title):
+    return OSC + '2;' + title + BEL
+
+def clear_screen(mode=2):
+    return CSI + str(mode) + 'J'
+
+def clear_line(mode=2):
+    return CSI + str(mode) + 'K'
+
+
+class AnsiCodes(object):
+    def __init__(self):
+        # the subclasses declare class attributes which are numbers.
+        # Upon instantiation we define instance attributes, which are the same
+        # as the class attributes but wrapped with the ANSI escape sequence
+        for name in dir(self):
+            if not name.startswith('_'):
+                value = getattr(self, name)
+                setattr(self, name, code_to_chars(value))
+
+
+class AnsiCursor(object):
+    def UP(self, n=1):
+        return CSI + str(n) + 'A'
+    def DOWN(self, n=1):
+        return CSI + str(n) + 'B'
+    def FORWARD(self, n=1):
+        return CSI + str(n) + 'C'
+    def BACK(self, n=1):
+        return CSI + str(n) + 'D'
+    def POS(self, x=1, y=1):
+        return CSI + str(y) + ';' + str(x) + 'H'
+
+
+class AnsiFore(AnsiCodes):
+    BLACK           = 30
+    RED             = 31
+    GREEN           = 32
+    YELLOW          = 33
+    BLUE            = 34
+    MAGENTA         = 35
+    CYAN            = 36
+    WHITE           = 37
+    RESET           = 39
+
+    # These are fairly well supported, but not part of the standard.
+    LIGHTBLACK_EX   = 90
+    LIGHTRED_EX     = 91
+    LIGHTGREEN_EX   = 92
+    LIGHTYELLOW_EX  = 93
+    LIGHTBLUE_EX    = 94
+    LIGHTMAGENTA_EX = 95
+    LIGHTCYAN_EX    = 96
+    LIGHTWHITE_EX   = 97
+
+
+class AnsiBack(AnsiCodes):
+    BLACK           = 40
+    RED             = 41
+    GREEN           = 42
+    YELLOW          = 43
+    BLUE            = 44
+    MAGENTA         = 45
+    CYAN            = 46
+    WHITE           = 47
+    RESET           = 49
+
+    # These are fairly well supported, but not part of the standard.
+    LIGHTBLACK_EX   = 100
+    LIGHTRED_EX     = 101
+    LIGHTGREEN_EX   = 102
+    LIGHTYELLOW_EX  = 103
+    LIGHTBLUE_EX    = 104
+    LIGHTMAGENTA_EX = 105
+    LIGHTCYAN_EX    = 106
+    LIGHTWHITE_EX   = 107
+
+
+class AnsiStyle(AnsiCodes):
+    BRIGHT    = 1
+    DIM       = 2
+    NORMAL    = 22
+    RESET_ALL = 0
+
+Fore   = AnsiFore()
+Back   = AnsiBack()
+Style  = AnsiStyle()
+Cursor = AnsiCursor()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/ansitowin32.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/ansitowin32.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6039a05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/ansitowin32.py
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+import re
+import sys
+import os
+
+from .ansi import AnsiFore, AnsiBack, AnsiStyle, Style, BEL
+from .winterm import WinTerm, WinColor, WinStyle
+from .win32 import windll, winapi_test
+
+
+winterm = None
+if windll is not None:
+    winterm = WinTerm()
+
+
+class StreamWrapper(object):
+    '''
+    Wraps a stream (such as stdout), acting as a transparent proxy for all
+    attribute access apart from method 'write()', which is delegated to our
+    Converter instance.
+    '''
+    def __init__(self, wrapped, converter):
+        # double-underscore everything to prevent clashes with names of
+        # attributes on the wrapped stream object.
+        self.__wrapped = wrapped
+        self.__convertor = converter
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self.__wrapped, name)
+
+    def __enter__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # special method lookup bypasses __getattr__/__getattribute__, see
+        # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12632894/why-doesnt-getattr-work-with-exit
+        # thus, contextlib magic methods are not proxied via __getattr__
+        return self.__wrapped.__enter__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.__wrapped.__exit__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def write(self, text):
+        self.__convertor.write(text)
+
+    def isatty(self):
+        stream = self.__wrapped
+        if 'PYCHARM_HOSTED' in os.environ:
+            if stream is not None and (stream is sys.__stdout__ or stream is sys.__stderr__):
+                return True
+        try:
+            stream_isatty = stream.isatty
+        except AttributeError:
+            return False
+        else:
+            return stream_isatty()
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self):
+        stream = self.__wrapped
+        try:
+            return stream.closed
+        except AttributeError:
+            return True
+
+
+class AnsiToWin32(object):
+    '''
+    Implements a 'write()' method which, on Windows, will strip ANSI character
+    sequences from the text, and if outputting to a tty, will convert them into
+    win32 function calls.
+    '''
+    ANSI_CSI_RE = re.compile('\001?\033\\[((?:\\d|;)*)([a-zA-Z])\002?')   # Control Sequence Introducer
+    ANSI_OSC_RE = re.compile('\001?\033\\]([^\a]*)(\a)\002?')             # Operating System Command
+
+    def __init__(self, wrapped, convert=None, strip=None, autoreset=False):
+        # The wrapped stream (normally sys.stdout or sys.stderr)
+        self.wrapped = wrapped
+
+        # should we reset colors to defaults after every .write()
+        self.autoreset = autoreset
+
+        # create the proxy wrapping our output stream
+        self.stream = StreamWrapper(wrapped, self)
+
+        on_windows = os.name == 'nt'
+        # We test if the WinAPI works, because even if we are on Windows
+        # we may be using a terminal that doesn't support the WinAPI
+        # (e.g. Cygwin Terminal). In this case it's up to the terminal
+        # to support the ANSI codes.
+        conversion_supported = on_windows and winapi_test()
+
+        # should we strip ANSI sequences from our output?
+        if strip is None:
+            strip = conversion_supported or (not self.stream.closed and not self.stream.isatty())
+        self.strip = strip
+
+        # should we should convert ANSI sequences into win32 calls?
+        if convert is None:
+            convert = conversion_supported and not self.stream.closed and self.stream.isatty()
+        self.convert = convert
+
+        # dict of ansi codes to win32 functions and parameters
+        self.win32_calls = self.get_win32_calls()
+
+        # are we wrapping stderr?
+        self.on_stderr = self.wrapped is sys.stderr
+
+    def should_wrap(self):
+        '''
+        True if this class is actually needed. If false, then the output
+        stream will not be affected, nor will win32 calls be issued, so
+        wrapping stdout is not actually required. This will generally be
+        False on non-Windows platforms, unless optional functionality like
+        autoreset has been requested using kwargs to init()
+        '''
+        return self.convert or self.strip or self.autoreset
+
+    def get_win32_calls(self):
+        if self.convert and winterm:
+            return {
+                AnsiStyle.RESET_ALL: (winterm.reset_all, ),
+                AnsiStyle.BRIGHT: (winterm.style, WinStyle.BRIGHT),
+                AnsiStyle.DIM: (winterm.style, WinStyle.NORMAL),
+                AnsiStyle.NORMAL: (winterm.style, WinStyle.NORMAL),
+                AnsiFore.BLACK: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLACK),
+                AnsiFore.RED: (winterm.fore, WinColor.RED),
+                AnsiFore.GREEN: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREEN),
+                AnsiFore.YELLOW: (winterm.fore, WinColor.YELLOW),
+                AnsiFore.BLUE: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLUE),
+                AnsiFore.MAGENTA: (winterm.fore, WinColor.MAGENTA),
+                AnsiFore.CYAN: (winterm.fore, WinColor.CYAN),
+                AnsiFore.WHITE: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREY),
+                AnsiFore.RESET: (winterm.fore, ),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTBLACK_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLACK, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTRED_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.RED, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTGREEN_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREEN, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTYELLOW_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.YELLOW, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTBLUE_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.BLUE, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.MAGENTA, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTCYAN_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.CYAN, True),
+                AnsiFore.LIGHTWHITE_EX: (winterm.fore, WinColor.GREY, True),
+                AnsiBack.BLACK: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLACK),
+                AnsiBack.RED: (winterm.back, WinColor.RED),
+                AnsiBack.GREEN: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREEN),
+                AnsiBack.YELLOW: (winterm.back, WinColor.YELLOW),
+                AnsiBack.BLUE: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLUE),
+                AnsiBack.MAGENTA: (winterm.back, WinColor.MAGENTA),
+                AnsiBack.CYAN: (winterm.back, WinColor.CYAN),
+                AnsiBack.WHITE: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREY),
+                AnsiBack.RESET: (winterm.back, ),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTBLACK_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLACK, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTRED_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.RED, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTGREEN_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREEN, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTYELLOW_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.YELLOW, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTBLUE_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.BLUE, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTMAGENTA_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.MAGENTA, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTCYAN_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.CYAN, True),
+                AnsiBack.LIGHTWHITE_EX: (winterm.back, WinColor.GREY, True),
+            }
+        return dict()
+
+    def write(self, text):
+        if self.strip or self.convert:
+            self.write_and_convert(text)
+        else:
+            self.wrapped.write(text)
+            self.wrapped.flush()
+        if self.autoreset:
+            self.reset_all()
+
+
+    def reset_all(self):
+        if self.convert:
+            self.call_win32('m', (0,))
+        elif not self.strip and not self.stream.closed:
+            self.wrapped.write(Style.RESET_ALL)
+
+
+    def write_and_convert(self, text):
+        '''
+        Write the given text to our wrapped stream, stripping any ANSI
+        sequences from the text, and optionally converting them into win32
+        calls.
+        '''
+        cursor = 0
+        text = self.convert_osc(text)
+        for match in self.ANSI_CSI_RE.finditer(text):
+            start, end = match.span()
+            self.write_plain_text(text, cursor, start)
+            self.convert_ansi(*match.groups())
+            cursor = end
+        self.write_plain_text(text, cursor, len(text))
+
+
+    def write_plain_text(self, text, start, end):
+        if start < end:
+            self.wrapped.write(text[start:end])
+            self.wrapped.flush()
+
+
+    def convert_ansi(self, paramstring, command):
+        if self.convert:
+            params = self.extract_params(command, paramstring)
+            self.call_win32(command, params)
+
+
+    def extract_params(self, command, paramstring):
+        if command in 'Hf':
+            params = tuple(int(p) if len(p) != 0 else 1 for p in paramstring.split(';'))
+            while len(params) < 2:
+                # defaults:
+                params = params + (1,)
+        else:
+            params = tuple(int(p) for p in paramstring.split(';') if len(p) != 0)
+            if len(params) == 0:
+                # defaults:
+                if command in 'JKm':
+                    params = (0,)
+                elif command in 'ABCD':
+                    params = (1,)
+
+        return params
+
+
+    def call_win32(self, command, params):
+        if command == 'm':
+            for param in params:
+                if param in self.win32_calls:
+                    func_args = self.win32_calls[param]
+                    func = func_args[0]
+                    args = func_args[1:]
+                    kwargs = dict(on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
+                    func(*args, **kwargs)
+        elif command in 'J':
+            winterm.erase_screen(params[0], on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
+        elif command in 'K':
+            winterm.erase_line(params[0], on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
+        elif command in 'Hf':     # cursor position - absolute
+            winterm.set_cursor_position(params, on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
+        elif command in 'ABCD':   # cursor position - relative
+            n = params[0]
+            # A - up, B - down, C - forward, D - back
+            x, y = {'A': (0, -n), 'B': (0, n), 'C': (n, 0), 'D': (-n, 0)}[command]
+            winterm.cursor_adjust(x, y, on_stderr=self.on_stderr)
+
+
+    def convert_osc(self, text):
+        for match in self.ANSI_OSC_RE.finditer(text):
+            start, end = match.span()
+            text = text[:start] + text[end:]
+            paramstring, command = match.groups()
+            if command == BEL:
+                if paramstring.count(";") == 1:
+                    params = paramstring.split(";")
+                    # 0 - change title and icon (we will only change title)
+                    # 1 - change icon (we don't support this)
+                    # 2 - change title
+                    if params[0] in '02':
+                        winterm.set_title(params[1])
+        return text
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/initialise.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/initialise.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..430d066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/initialise.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+import atexit
+import contextlib
+import sys
+
+from .ansitowin32 import AnsiToWin32
+
+
+orig_stdout = None
+orig_stderr = None
+
+wrapped_stdout = None
+wrapped_stderr = None
+
+atexit_done = False
+
+
+def reset_all():
+    if AnsiToWin32 is not None:    # Issue #74: objects might become None at exit
+        AnsiToWin32(orig_stdout).reset_all()
+
+
+def init(autoreset=False, convert=None, strip=None, wrap=True):
+
+    if not wrap and any([autoreset, convert, strip]):
+        raise ValueError('wrap=False conflicts with any other arg=True')
+
+    global wrapped_stdout, wrapped_stderr
+    global orig_stdout, orig_stderr
+
+    orig_stdout = sys.stdout
+    orig_stderr = sys.stderr
+
+    if sys.stdout is None:
+        wrapped_stdout = None
+    else:
+        sys.stdout = wrapped_stdout = \
+            wrap_stream(orig_stdout, convert, strip, autoreset, wrap)
+    if sys.stderr is None:
+        wrapped_stderr = None
+    else:
+        sys.stderr = wrapped_stderr = \
+            wrap_stream(orig_stderr, convert, strip, autoreset, wrap)
+
+    global atexit_done
+    if not atexit_done:
+        atexit.register(reset_all)
+        atexit_done = True
+
+
+def deinit():
+    if orig_stdout is not None:
+        sys.stdout = orig_stdout
+    if orig_stderr is not None:
+        sys.stderr = orig_stderr
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def colorama_text(*args, **kwargs):
+    init(*args, **kwargs)
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        deinit()
+
+
+def reinit():
+    if wrapped_stdout is not None:
+        sys.stdout = wrapped_stdout
+    if wrapped_stderr is not None:
+        sys.stderr = wrapped_stderr
+
+
+def wrap_stream(stream, convert, strip, autoreset, wrap):
+    if wrap:
+        wrapper = AnsiToWin32(stream,
+            convert=convert, strip=strip, autoreset=autoreset)
+        if wrapper.should_wrap():
+            stream = wrapper.stream
+    return stream
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/win32.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/win32.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2d8360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/win32.py
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+
+# from winbase.h
+STDOUT = -11
+STDERR = -12
+
+try:
+    import ctypes
+    from ctypes import LibraryLoader
+    windll = LibraryLoader(ctypes.WinDLL)
+    from ctypes import wintypes
+except (AttributeError, ImportError):
+    windll = None
+    SetConsoleTextAttribute = lambda *_: None
+    winapi_test = lambda *_: None
+else:
+    from ctypes import byref, Structure, c_char, POINTER
+
+    COORD = wintypes._COORD
+
+    class CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO(Structure):
+        """struct in wincon.h."""
+        _fields_ = [
+            ("dwSize", COORD),
+            ("dwCursorPosition", COORD),
+            ("wAttributes", wintypes.WORD),
+            ("srWindow", wintypes.SMALL_RECT),
+            ("dwMaximumWindowSize", COORD),
+        ]
+        def __str__(self):
+            return '(%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d)' % (
+                self.dwSize.Y, self.dwSize.X
+                , self.dwCursorPosition.Y, self.dwCursorPosition.X
+                , self.wAttributes
+                , self.srWindow.Top, self.srWindow.Left, self.srWindow.Bottom, self.srWindow.Right
+                , self.dwMaximumWindowSize.Y, self.dwMaximumWindowSize.X
+            )
+
+    _GetStdHandle = windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle
+    _GetStdHandle.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.DWORD,
+    ]
+    _GetStdHandle.restype = wintypes.HANDLE
+
+    _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo = windll.kernel32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo
+    _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.HANDLE,
+        POINTER(CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO),
+    ]
+    _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _SetConsoleTextAttribute = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute
+    _SetConsoleTextAttribute.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.HANDLE,
+        wintypes.WORD,
+    ]
+    _SetConsoleTextAttribute.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _SetConsoleCursorPosition = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleCursorPosition
+    _SetConsoleCursorPosition.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.HANDLE,
+        COORD,
+    ]
+    _SetConsoleCursorPosition.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _FillConsoleOutputCharacterA = windll.kernel32.FillConsoleOutputCharacterA
+    _FillConsoleOutputCharacterA.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.HANDLE,
+        c_char,
+        wintypes.DWORD,
+        COORD,
+        POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),
+    ]
+    _FillConsoleOutputCharacterA.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _FillConsoleOutputAttribute = windll.kernel32.FillConsoleOutputAttribute
+    _FillConsoleOutputAttribute.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.HANDLE,
+        wintypes.WORD,
+        wintypes.DWORD,
+        COORD,
+        POINTER(wintypes.DWORD),
+    ]
+    _FillConsoleOutputAttribute.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    _SetConsoleTitleW = windll.kernel32.SetConsoleTitleW
+    _SetConsoleTitleW.argtypes = [
+        wintypes.LPCWSTR
+    ]
+    _SetConsoleTitleW.restype = wintypes.BOOL
+
+    def _winapi_test(handle):
+        csbi = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO()
+        success = _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(
+            handle, byref(csbi))
+        return bool(success)
+
+    def winapi_test():
+        return any(_winapi_test(h) for h in
+                   (_GetStdHandle(STDOUT), _GetStdHandle(STDERR)))
+
+    def GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(stream_id=STDOUT):
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
+        csbi = CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO()
+        success = _GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(
+            handle, byref(csbi))
+        return csbi
+
+    def SetConsoleTextAttribute(stream_id, attrs):
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
+        return _SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, attrs)
+
+    def SetConsoleCursorPosition(stream_id, position, adjust=True):
+        position = COORD(*position)
+        # If the position is out of range, do nothing.
+        if position.Y <= 0 or position.X <= 0:
+            return
+        # Adjust for Windows' SetConsoleCursorPosition:
+        #    1. being 0-based, while ANSI is 1-based.
+        #    2. expecting (x,y), while ANSI uses (y,x).
+        adjusted_position = COORD(position.Y - 1, position.X - 1)
+        if adjust:
+            # Adjust for viewport's scroll position
+            sr = GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(STDOUT).srWindow
+            adjusted_position.Y += sr.Top
+            adjusted_position.X += sr.Left
+        # Resume normal processing
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
+        return _SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, adjusted_position)
+
+    def FillConsoleOutputCharacter(stream_id, char, length, start):
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
+        char = c_char(char.encode())
+        length = wintypes.DWORD(length)
+        num_written = wintypes.DWORD(0)
+        # Note that this is hard-coded for ANSI (vs wide) bytes.
+        success = _FillConsoleOutputCharacterA(
+            handle, char, length, start, byref(num_written))
+        return num_written.value
+
+    def FillConsoleOutputAttribute(stream_id, attr, length, start):
+        ''' FillConsoleOutputAttribute( hConsole, csbi.wAttributes, dwConSize, coordScreen, &cCharsWritten )'''
+        handle = _GetStdHandle(stream_id)
+        attribute = wintypes.WORD(attr)
+        length = wintypes.DWORD(length)
+        num_written = wintypes.DWORD(0)
+        # Note that this is hard-coded for ANSI (vs wide) bytes.
+        return _FillConsoleOutputAttribute(
+            handle, attribute, length, start, byref(num_written))
+
+    def SetConsoleTitle(title):
+        return _SetConsoleTitleW(title)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/winterm.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/winterm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fdb4ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorama/winterm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+# Copyright Jonathan Hartley 2013. BSD 3-Clause license, see LICENSE file.
+from . import win32
+
+
+# from wincon.h
+class WinColor(object):
+    BLACK   = 0
+    BLUE    = 1
+    GREEN   = 2
+    CYAN    = 3
+    RED     = 4
+    MAGENTA = 5
+    YELLOW  = 6
+    GREY    = 7
+
+# from wincon.h
+class WinStyle(object):
+    NORMAL              = 0x00 # dim text, dim background
+    BRIGHT              = 0x08 # bright text, dim background
+    BRIGHT_BACKGROUND   = 0x80 # dim text, bright background
+
+class WinTerm(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._default = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(win32.STDOUT).wAttributes
+        self.set_attrs(self._default)
+        self._default_fore = self._fore
+        self._default_back = self._back
+        self._default_style = self._style
+        # In order to emulate LIGHT_EX in windows, we borrow the BRIGHT style.
+        # So that LIGHT_EX colors and BRIGHT style do not clobber each other,
+        # we track them separately, since LIGHT_EX is overwritten by Fore/Back
+        # and BRIGHT is overwritten by Style codes.
+        self._light = 0
+
+    def get_attrs(self):
+        return self._fore + self._back * 16 + (self._style | self._light)
+
+    def set_attrs(self, value):
+        self._fore = value & 7
+        self._back = (value >> 4) & 7
+        self._style = value & (WinStyle.BRIGHT | WinStyle.BRIGHT_BACKGROUND)
+
+    def reset_all(self, on_stderr=None):
+        self.set_attrs(self._default)
+        self.set_console(attrs=self._default)
+        self._light = 0
+
+    def fore(self, fore=None, light=False, on_stderr=False):
+        if fore is None:
+            fore = self._default_fore
+        self._fore = fore
+        # Emulate LIGHT_EX with BRIGHT Style
+        if light:
+            self._light |= WinStyle.BRIGHT
+        else:
+            self._light &= ~WinStyle.BRIGHT
+        self.set_console(on_stderr=on_stderr)
+
+    def back(self, back=None, light=False, on_stderr=False):
+        if back is None:
+            back = self._default_back
+        self._back = back
+        # Emulate LIGHT_EX with BRIGHT_BACKGROUND Style
+        if light:
+            self._light |= WinStyle.BRIGHT_BACKGROUND
+        else:
+            self._light &= ~WinStyle.BRIGHT_BACKGROUND
+        self.set_console(on_stderr=on_stderr)
+
+    def style(self, style=None, on_stderr=False):
+        if style is None:
+            style = self._default_style
+        self._style = style
+        self.set_console(on_stderr=on_stderr)
+
+    def set_console(self, attrs=None, on_stderr=False):
+        if attrs is None:
+            attrs = self.get_attrs()
+        handle = win32.STDOUT
+        if on_stderr:
+            handle = win32.STDERR
+        win32.SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, attrs)
+
+    def get_position(self, handle):
+        position = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle).dwCursorPosition
+        # Because Windows coordinates are 0-based,
+        # and win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition expects 1-based.
+        position.X += 1
+        position.Y += 1
+        return position
+
+    def set_cursor_position(self, position=None, on_stderr=False):
+        if position is None:
+            # I'm not currently tracking the position, so there is no default.
+            # position = self.get_position()
+            return
+        handle = win32.STDOUT
+        if on_stderr:
+            handle = win32.STDERR
+        win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, position)
+
+    def cursor_adjust(self, x, y, on_stderr=False):
+        handle = win32.STDOUT
+        if on_stderr:
+            handle = win32.STDERR
+        position = self.get_position(handle)
+        adjusted_position = (position.Y + y, position.X + x)
+        win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, adjusted_position, adjust=False)
+
+    def erase_screen(self, mode=0, on_stderr=False):
+        # 0 should clear from the cursor to the end of the screen.
+        # 1 should clear from the cursor to the beginning of the screen.
+        # 2 should clear the entire screen, and move cursor to (1,1)
+        handle = win32.STDOUT
+        if on_stderr:
+            handle = win32.STDERR
+        csbi = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle)
+        # get the number of character cells in the current buffer
+        cells_in_screen = csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y
+        # get number of character cells before current cursor position
+        cells_before_cursor = csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y + csbi.dwCursorPosition.X
+        if mode == 0:
+            from_coord = csbi.dwCursorPosition
+            cells_to_erase = cells_in_screen - cells_before_cursor
+        elif mode == 1:
+            from_coord = win32.COORD(0, 0)
+            cells_to_erase = cells_before_cursor
+        elif mode == 2:
+            from_coord = win32.COORD(0, 0)
+            cells_to_erase = cells_in_screen
+        else:
+            # invalid mode
+            return
+        # fill the entire screen with blanks
+        win32.FillConsoleOutputCharacter(handle, ' ', cells_to_erase, from_coord)
+        # now set the buffer's attributes accordingly
+        win32.FillConsoleOutputAttribute(handle, self.get_attrs(), cells_to_erase, from_coord)
+        if mode == 2:
+            # put the cursor where needed
+            win32.SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle, (1, 1))
+
+    def erase_line(self, mode=0, on_stderr=False):
+        # 0 should clear from the cursor to the end of the line.
+        # 1 should clear from the cursor to the beginning of the line.
+        # 2 should clear the entire line.
+        handle = win32.STDOUT
+        if on_stderr:
+            handle = win32.STDERR
+        csbi = win32.GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle)
+        if mode == 0:
+            from_coord = csbi.dwCursorPosition
+            cells_to_erase = csbi.dwSize.X - csbi.dwCursorPosition.X
+        elif mode == 1:
+            from_coord = win32.COORD(0, csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y)
+            cells_to_erase = csbi.dwCursorPosition.X
+        elif mode == 2:
+            from_coord = win32.COORD(0, csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y)
+            cells_to_erase = csbi.dwSize.X
+        else:
+            # invalid mode
+            return
+        # fill the entire screen with blanks
+        win32.FillConsoleOutputCharacter(handle, ' ', cells_to_erase, from_coord)
+        # now set the buffer's attributes accordingly
+        win32.FillConsoleOutputAttribute(handle, self.get_attrs(), cells_to_erase, from_coord)
+
+    def set_title(self, title):
+        win32.SetConsoleTitle(title)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef3747b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2012-2021 Sam Clements <sam@borntyping.co.uk>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
+IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f8085e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: colorlog
+Version: 6.5.0
+Summary: Add colours to the output of Python's logging module.
+Home-page: https://github.com/borntyping/python-colorlog
+Author: Sam Clements
+Author-email: sam@borntyping.co.uk
+License: MIT License
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Console
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Topic :: Terminals
+Classifier: Topic :: Utilities
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
+Requires-Dist: colorama ; sys_platform=="win32"
+Provides-Extra: development
+Requires-Dist: black ; extra == 'development'
+Requires-Dist: flake8 ; extra == 'development'
+Requires-Dist: mypy ; extra == 'development'
+Requires-Dist: pytest ; extra == 'development'
+Requires-Dist: types-colorama ; extra == 'development'
+
+Log formatting with colors!
+===========================
+
+[![](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/colorlog.svg)](https://pypi.org/project/colorlog/)
+[![](https://img.shields.io/pypi/l/colorlog.svg)](https://pypi.org/project/colorlog/)
+[![](https://img.shields.io/travis/borntyping/python-colorlog/master.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/borntyping/python-colorlog)
+
+Add colours to the output of Python's `logging` module.
+
+* [Source on GitHub](https://github.com/borntyping/python-colorlog)
+* [Packages on PyPI](https://pypi.org/pypi/colorlog/)
+
+Status
+------
+
+colorlog currently requires Python 3.6 or higher. Older versions (below 5.x.x) 
+support Python 2.6 and above.
+
+* colorlog 6.x requires Python 3.6 or higher.
+* colorlog 5.x is an interim version that will warn Python 2 users to downgrade.
+* colorlog 4.x is the final version supporting Python 2.
+
+[colorama] is included as a required dependency and initialised when using 
+colorlog on Windows.
+
+This library is almost a decade old and supported a wide set of Python versions
+for most of its life, which has made it a difficult library to add new features
+to. colorlog 6 may break backwards compatibility so that newer features
+can be added more easily, but may still not accept all changes or feature
+requests. colorlog 4 might accept essential bugfixes but should not be
+considered actively maintained and will not accept any major changes or new
+features.
+
+Installation
+------------
+
+Install from PyPI with:
+
+```bash
+pip install colorlog
+```
+
+Several Linux distributions provide official packages ([Debian], [Fedora], 
+[Gentoo], [OpenSuse] and [Ubuntu]), and others have user provided packages
+([Arch AUR], [BSD ports], [Conda]).
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+```python
+import colorlog
+
+handler = colorlog.StreamHandler()
+handler.setFormatter(colorlog.ColoredFormatter(
+	'%(log_color)s%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s'))
+
+logger = colorlog.getLogger('example')
+logger.addHandler(handler)
+```
+
+The `ColoredFormatter` class takes several arguments:
+
+- `format`: The format string used to output the message (required).
+- `datefmt`: An optional date format passed to the base class. See [`logging.Formatter`][Formatter].
+- `reset`: Implicitly adds a color reset code to the message output, unless the output already ends with one. Defaults to `True`.
+- `log_colors`: A mapping of record level names to color names. The defaults can be found in `colorlog.default_log_colors`, or the below example.
+- `secondary_log_colors`: A mapping of names to `log_colors` style mappings, defining additional colors that can be used in format strings. See below for an example.
+- `style`: Available on Python 3.2 and above. See [`logging.Formatter`][Formatter].
+
+Color escape codes can be selected based on the log records level, by adding
+parameters to the format string:
+
+- `log_color`: Return the color associated with the records level.
+- `<name>_log_color`: Return another color based on the records level if the formatter has secondary colors configured (see `secondary_log_colors` below).
+
+Multiple escape codes can be used at once by joining them with commas when
+configuring the color for a log level (but can't be used directly in the format
+string). For example, `black,bg_white` would use the escape codes for black
+text on a white background.
+
+The following escape codes are made available for use in the format string:
+
+- `{color}`, `fg_{color}`, `bg_{color}`: Foreground and background colors.
+- `bold`, `bold_{color}`, `fg_bold_{color}`, `bg_bold_{color}`: Bold/bright colors.
+- `thin`, `thin_{color}`, `fg_thin_{color}`: Thin colors (terminal dependent).
+- `reset`: Clear all formatting (both foreground and background colors).
+
+The available color names are `black`, `red`, `green`, `yellow`, `blue`,
+`purple`, `cyan` and `white`.
+
+Examples
+--------
+
+![Example output](doc/example.png)
+
+The following code creates a `ColoredFormatter` for use in a logging setup,
+using the default values for each argument.
+
+```python
+from colorlog import ColoredFormatter
+
+formatter = ColoredFormatter(
+	"%(log_color)s%(levelname)-8s%(reset)s %(blue)s%(message)s",
+	datefmt=None,
+	reset=True,
+	log_colors={
+		'DEBUG':    'cyan',
+		'INFO':     'green',
+		'WARNING':  'yellow',
+		'ERROR':    'red',
+		'CRITICAL': 'red,bg_white',
+	},
+	secondary_log_colors={},
+	style='%'
+)
+```
+
+### Using `secondary_log_colors`
+
+Secondary log colors are a way to have more than one color that is selected
+based on the log level. Each key in `secondary_log_colors` adds an attribute
+that can be used in format strings (`message` becomes `message_log_color`), and
+has a corresponding value that is identical in format to the `log_colors`
+argument.
+
+The following example highlights the level name using the default log colors,
+and highlights the message in red for `error` and `critical` level log messages.
+
+```python
+from colorlog import ColoredFormatter
+
+formatter = ColoredFormatter(
+	"%(log_color)s%(levelname)-8s%(reset)s %(message_log_color)s%(message)s",
+	secondary_log_colors={
+		'message': {
+			'ERROR':    'red',
+			'CRITICAL': 'red'
+		}
+	}
+)
+```
+
+### With [`dictConfig`][dictConfig]
+
+```python
+logging.config.dictConfig({
+	'formatters': {
+		'colored': {
+			'()': 'colorlog.ColoredFormatter',
+			'format': "%(log_color)s%(levelname)-8s%(reset)s %(blue)s%(message)s"
+		}
+	}
+})
+```
+
+A full example dictionary can be found in `tests/test_colorlog.py`.
+
+### With [`fileConfig`][fileConfig]
+
+```ini
+...
+
+[formatters]
+keys=color
+
+[formatter_color]
+class=colorlog.ColoredFormatter
+format=%(log_color)s%(levelname)-8s%(reset)s %(bg_blue)s[%(name)s]%(reset)s %(message)s from fileConfig
+datefmt=%m-%d %H:%M:%S
+```
+
+An instance of ColoredFormatter created with those arguments will then be used
+by any handlers that are configured to use the `color` formatter.
+
+A full example configuration can be found in `tests/test_config.ini`.
+
+### With custom log levels
+
+ColoredFormatter will work with custom log levels added with
+[`logging.addLevelName`][addLevelName]:
+
+```python
+import logging, colorlog
+TRACE = 5
+logging.addLevelName(TRACE, 'TRACE')
+formatter = colorlog.ColoredFormatter(log_colors={'TRACE': 'yellow'})
+handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+handler.setFormatter(formatter)
+logger = logging.getLogger('example')
+logger.addHandler(handler)
+logger.setLevel('TRACE')
+logger.log(TRACE, 'a message using a custom level')
+```
+
+Tests
+-----
+
+Tests similar to the above examples are found in `tests/test_colorlog.py`.
+
+Status
+------
+
+colorlog is in maintenance mode. I try and ensure bugfixes are published,
+but compatibility with Python 2.6+ and Python 3+ makes this a difficult
+codebase to add features to. Any changes that might break backwards
+compatibility for existing users will not be considered.
+
+Alternatives
+------------
+
+There are some more modern libraries for improving Python logging you may
+find useful.
+
+- [structlog]
+- [jsonlog]
+
+Projects using colorlog
+-----------------------
+
+GitHub provides [a list of projects that depend on colorlog][dependents].
+
+Some early adopters included [Errbot], [Pythran], and [zenlog].
+
+Licence
+-------
+
+Copyright (c) 2012-2021 Sam Clements <sam@borntyping.co.uk>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
+IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+[dictConfig]: http://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#logging.config.dictConfig
+[fileConfig]: http://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.config.html#logging.config.fileConfig
+[addLevelName]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#logging.addLevelName
+[Formatter]: http://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#logging.Formatter
+[tox]: http://tox.readthedocs.org/
+[Arch AUR]: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/python-colorlog/
+[BSD ports]: https://www.freshports.org/devel/py-colorlog/
+[colorama]: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/colorama
+[Conda]: https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/colorlog
+[Debian]: https://packages.debian.org/buster/python3-colorlog
+[Errbot]: http://errbot.io/
+[Fedora]: https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/python-colorlog
+[Gentoo]: https://packages.gentoo.org/packages/dev-python/colorlog
+[OpenSuse]: http://rpm.pbone.net/index.php3?stat=3&search=python-colorlog&srodzaj=3
+[Pythran]: https://github.com/serge-sans-paille/pythran
+[Ubuntu]: https://launchpad.net/python-colorlog
+[zenlog]: https://github.com/ManufacturaInd/python-zenlog
+[structlog]: https://www.structlog.org/en/stable/
+[jsonlog]: https://github.com/borntyping/jsonlog
+[dependents]: https://github.com/borntyping/python-colorlog/network/dependents?package_id=UGFja2FnZS01MDk3NDcyMQ%3D%3D
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..139e7c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=sdkIK8SDYj_Vn8cnm0V_DkDZQqdkJs3iVyOeBN_kElo,1107
+colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=TBVqghxWcw7iPlklHde-cUB9CeRYvXyqUhUDL_UmEDM,10711
+colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=WzZ8cwjh8l0jtULNjYq1Hpr-WCqCRgPr--TX4P5I1Wo,110
+colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=CzNs7OLwLxUhbQzCCT2ore3b_ZzAXusw0tWIX79iWow,9
+colorlog/__init__.py,sha256=wzxah0vO2HpJheG0gXY4rMx_MyFYyfHsR8rTucg5PSI,1180
+colorlog/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colorlog/__pycache__/escape_codes.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colorlog/__pycache__/formatter.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colorlog/__pycache__/wrappers.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colorlog/escape_codes.py,sha256=jFxDvDyWHk5gX5tHpFIMF5om52dI_jCqyTBmeMtnpxQ,2437
+colorlog/formatter.py,sha256=-SPSeP6QzrZnwBS-elqOPXHfSVNCH6po6Ek-S9Cvl4k,7165
+colorlog/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+colorlog/wrappers.py,sha256=pUFWgPN-SljaWClIVzlSkmtxsYLLtPpyroiyEILOpWc,2174
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b733a60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d8df46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog-6.5.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+colorlog
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb123b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+"""A logging formatter for colored output."""
+
+import sys
+import warnings
+
+from colorlog.formatter import (
+    ColoredFormatter,
+    LevelFormatter,
+    TTYColoredFormatter,
+    default_log_colors,
+)
+from colorlog.wrappers import (
+    CRITICAL,
+    DEBUG,
+    ERROR,
+    FATAL,
+    INFO,
+    NOTSET,
+    StreamHandler,
+    WARN,
+    WARNING,
+    basicConfig,
+    critical,
+    debug,
+    error,
+    exception,
+    getLogger,
+    info,
+    log,
+    root,
+    warning,
+)
+
+__all__ = (
+    "CRITICAL",
+    "DEBUG",
+    "ERROR",
+    "FATAL",
+    "INFO",
+    "NOTSET",
+    "WARN",
+    "WARNING",
+    "ColoredFormatter",
+    "LevelFormatter",
+    "StreamHandler",
+    "TTYColoredFormatter",
+    "basicConfig",
+    "critical",
+    "debug",
+    "default_log_colors",
+    "error",
+    "exception",
+    "exception",
+    "getLogger",
+    "info",
+    "log",
+    "root",
+    "warning",
+)
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 6):
+    warnings.warn(
+        "Colorlog requires Python 3.6 or above. Pin 'colorlog<5' to your dependencies "
+        "if you require compatibility with older versions of Python. See "
+        "https://github.com/borntyping/python-colorlog#status for more information."
+    )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/__pycache__/wrappers.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/__pycache__/wrappers.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/escape_codes.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/escape_codes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f35dfca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/escape_codes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+"""
+Generates a dictionary of ANSI escape codes.
+
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code
+
+Uses colorama as an optional dependency to support color on Windows
+"""
+import sys
+
+try:
+    import colorama
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+else:
+    if sys.platform == "win32":
+        colorama.init(strip=False)
+
+__all__ = ("escape_codes", "parse_colors")
+
+
+# Returns escape codes from format codes
+def esc(*codes: int) -> str:
+    return "\033[" + ";".join(str(code) for code in codes) + "m"
+
+
+escape_codes = {
+    "reset": esc(0),
+    "bold": esc(1),
+    "thin": esc(2),
+}
+
+escape_codes_foreground = {
+    "black": 30,
+    "red": 31,
+    "green": 32,
+    "yellow": 33,
+    "blue": 34,
+    "purple": 35,
+    "cyan": 36,
+    "white": 37,
+    "light_black": 90,
+    "light_red": 91,
+    "light_green": 92,
+    "light_yellow": 93,
+    "light_blue": 94,
+    "light_purple": 95,
+    "light_cyan": 96,
+    "light_white": 97,
+}
+
+escape_codes_background = {
+    "black": 40,
+    "red": 41,
+    "green": 42,
+    "yellow": 43,
+    "blue": 44,
+    "purple": 45,
+    "cyan": 46,
+    "white": 47,
+    "light_black": 100,
+    "light_red": 101,
+    "light_green": 102,
+    "light_yellow": 103,
+    "light_blue": 104,
+    "light_purple": 105,
+    "light_cyan": 106,
+    "light_white": 107,
+    # Bold background colors don't exist,
+    # but we used to provide these names.
+    "bold_black": 100,
+    "bold_red": 101,
+    "bold_green": 102,
+    "bold_yellow": 103,
+    "bold_blue": 104,
+    "bold_purple": 105,
+    "bold_cyan": 106,
+    "bold_white": 107,
+}
+
+# Foreground without prefix
+for name, code in escape_codes_foreground.items():
+    escape_codes["%s" % name] = esc(code)
+    escape_codes["bold_%s" % name] = esc(1, code)
+    escape_codes["thin_%s" % name] = esc(2, code)
+
+# Foreground with fg_ prefix
+for name, code in escape_codes_foreground.items():
+    escape_codes["fg_%s" % name] = esc(code)
+    escape_codes["fg_bold_%s" % name] = esc(1, code)
+    escape_codes["fg_thin_%s" % name] = esc(2, code)
+
+# Background with bg_ prefix
+for name, code in escape_codes_background.items():
+    escape_codes["bg_%s" % name] = esc(code)
+
+# 256 colour support
+for code in range(256):
+    escape_codes["fg_%d" % code] = esc(38, 5, code)
+    escape_codes["bg_%d" % code] = esc(48, 5, code)
+
+
+def parse_colors(string: str) -> str:
+    """Return escape codes from a color sequence string."""
+    return "".join(escape_codes[n] for n in string.split(",") if n)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/formatter.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/formatter.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bdddea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/formatter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+"""The ColoredFormatter class."""
+
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+import typing
+
+import colorlog.escape_codes
+
+__all__ = (
+    "default_log_colors",
+    "ColoredFormatter",
+    "LevelFormatter",
+    "TTYColoredFormatter",
+)
+
+# Type aliases used in function signatures.
+EscapeCodes = typing.Mapping[str, str]
+LogColors = typing.Mapping[str, str]
+SecondaryLogColors = typing.Mapping[str, LogColors]
+
+# The default colors to use for the debug levels
+default_log_colors = {
+    "DEBUG": "white",
+    "INFO": "green",
+    "WARNING": "yellow",
+    "ERROR": "red",
+    "CRITICAL": "bold_red",
+}
+
+# The default format to use for each style
+default_formats = {
+    "%": "%(log_color)s%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s",
+    "{": "{log_color}{levelname}:{name}:{message}",
+    "$": "${log_color}${levelname}:${name}:${message}",
+}
+
+
+class ColoredRecord:
+    """
+    Wraps a LogRecord, adding escape codes to the internal dict.
+
+    The internal dict is used when formatting the message (by the PercentStyle,
+    StrFormatStyle, and StringTemplateStyle classes).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, record: logging.LogRecord, escapes: EscapeCodes) -> None:
+        self.__dict__.update(record.__dict__)
+        self.__dict__.update(escapes)
+
+
+class ColoredFormatter(logging.Formatter):
+    """
+    A formatter that allows colors to be placed in the format string.
+
+    Intended to help in creating more readable logging output.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        fmt: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+        datefmt: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+        style: str = "%",
+        log_colors: typing.Optional[LogColors] = None,
+        reset: bool = True,
+        secondary_log_colors: typing.Optional[SecondaryLogColors] = None,
+        validate: bool = True,
+        stream: typing.Optional[typing.IO] = None,
+        no_color: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Set the format and colors the ColoredFormatter will use.
+
+        The ``fmt``, ``datefmt`` and ``style`` args are passed on to the
+        ``logging.Formatter`` constructor.
+
+        The ``secondary_log_colors`` argument can be used to create additional
+        ``log_color`` attributes. Each key in the dictionary will set
+        ``{key}_log_color``, using the value to select from a different
+        ``log_colors`` set.
+
+        :Parameters:
+        - fmt (str): The format string to use.
+        - datefmt (str): A format string for the date.
+        - log_colors (dict):
+            A mapping of log level names to color names.
+        - reset (bool):
+            Implicitly append a color reset to all records unless False.
+        - style ('%' or '{' or '$'):
+            The format style to use. (*No meaning prior to Python 3.2.*)
+        - secondary_log_colors (dict):
+            Map secondary ``log_color`` attributes. (*New in version 2.6.*)
+        - validate (bool)
+            Validate the format string.
+        - stream (typing.IO)
+            The stream formatted messages will be printed to. Used to toggle colour
+            on non-TTY outputs. Optional.
+        """
+
+        # Select a default format if `fmt` is not provided.
+        fmt = default_formats[style] if fmt is None else fmt
+
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+            super().__init__(fmt, datefmt, style, validate)
+        else:
+            super().__init__(fmt, datefmt, style)
+
+        self.log_colors = log_colors if log_colors is not None else default_log_colors
+        self.secondary_log_colors = (
+            secondary_log_colors if secondary_log_colors is not None else {}
+        )
+        self.reset = reset
+        self.stream = stream
+        self.no_color = no_color
+
+    def formatMessage(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> str:
+        """Format a message from a record object."""
+        escapes = self._escape_code_map(record.levelname)
+        wrapper = ColoredRecord(record, escapes)
+        message = super().formatMessage(wrapper)  # type: ignore
+        message = self._append_reset(message, escapes)
+        return message
+
+    def _escape_code_map(self, item: str) -> EscapeCodes:
+        """
+        Build a map of keys to escape codes for use in message formatting.
+
+        If _blank_escape_codes() returns True, all values will be an empty string.
+        """
+        codes = {**colorlog.escape_codes.escape_codes}
+        codes.setdefault("log_color", self._get_escape_code(self.log_colors, item))
+        for name, colors in self.secondary_log_colors.items():
+            codes.setdefault("%s_log_color" % name, self._get_escape_code(colors, item))
+        if self._blank_escape_codes():
+            codes = {key: "" for key in codes.keys()}
+        return codes
+
+    def _blank_escape_codes(self):
+        """Return True if we should be prevented from printing escape codes."""
+        if self.no_color:
+            return True
+
+        if "NO_COLOR" in os.environ:
+            return True
+
+        if self.stream is not None and not self.stream.isatty():
+            return True
+
+        return False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_escape_code(log_colors: LogColors, item: str) -> str:
+        """Extract a color sequence from a mapping, and return escape codes."""
+        return colorlog.escape_codes.parse_colors(log_colors.get(item, ""))
+
+    def _append_reset(self, message: str, escapes: EscapeCodes) -> str:
+        """Add a reset code to the end of the message, if it's not already there."""
+        reset_escape_code = escapes["reset"]
+
+        if self.reset and not message.endswith(reset_escape_code):
+            message += reset_escape_code
+
+        return message
+
+
+class LevelFormatter:
+    """An extension of ColoredFormatter that uses per-level format strings."""
+
+    def __init__(self, fmt: typing.Mapping[str, str], **kwargs: typing.Any) -> None:
+        """
+        Configure a ColoredFormatter with its own format string for each log level.
+
+        Supports fmt as a dict. All other args are passed on to the
+        ``colorlog.ColoredFormatter`` constructor.
+
+        :Parameters:
+        - fmt (dict):
+            A mapping of log levels (represented as strings, e.g. 'WARNING') to
+            format strings. (*New in version 2.7.0)
+        (All other parameters are the same as in colorlog.ColoredFormatter)
+
+        Example:
+
+        formatter = colorlog.LevelFormatter(
+            fmt={
+                "DEBUG": "%(log_color)s%(message)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d)",
+                "INFO": "%(log_color)s%(message)s",
+                "WARNING": "%(log_color)sWRN: %(message)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d)",
+                "ERROR": "%(log_color)sERR: %(message)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d)",
+                "CRITICAL": "%(log_color)sCRT: %(message)s (%(module)s:%(lineno)d)",
+            }
+        )
+        """
+        self.formatters = {
+            level: ColoredFormatter(fmt=f, **kwargs) for level, f in fmt.items()
+        }
+
+    def format(self, record: logging.LogRecord) -> str:
+        return self.formatters[record.levelname].format(record)
+
+
+# Provided for backwards compatibility. The features provided by this subclass are now
+# included directly in the `ColoredFormatter` class.
+TTYColoredFormatter = ColoredFormatter
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/py.typed b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/wrappers.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/wrappers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7434ef5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colorlog/wrappers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+"""Wrappers around the logging module."""
+
+import functools
+import logging
+import typing
+from logging import (
+    CRITICAL,
+    DEBUG,
+    ERROR,
+    FATAL,
+    INFO,
+    NOTSET,
+    StreamHandler,
+    WARN,
+    WARNING,
+    getLogger,
+    root,
+)
+
+import colorlog.formatter
+
+__all__ = (
+    "CRITICAL",
+    "DEBUG",
+    "ERROR",
+    "FATAL",
+    "INFO",
+    "NOTSET",
+    "WARN",
+    "WARNING",
+    "StreamHandler",
+    "basicConfig",
+    "critical",
+    "debug",
+    "error",
+    "exception",
+    "getLogger",
+    "info",
+    "log",
+    "root",
+    "warning",
+)
+
+
+def basicConfig(
+    style: str = "%",
+    log_colors: typing.Optional[colorlog.formatter.LogColors] = None,
+    reset: bool = True,
+    secondary_log_colors: typing.Optional[colorlog.formatter.SecondaryLogColors] = None,
+    format: str = "%(log_color)s%(levelname)s%(reset)s:%(name)s:%(message)s",
+    datefmt: typing.Optional[str] = None,
+    **kwargs
+) -> None:
+    """Call ``logging.basicConfig`` and override the formatter it creates."""
+    logging.basicConfig(**kwargs)
+    logging._acquireLock()  # type: ignore
+    try:
+        handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
+        handler.setFormatter(
+            colorlog.formatter.ColoredFormatter(
+                fmt=format,
+                datefmt=datefmt,
+                style=style,
+                log_colors=log_colors,
+                reset=reset,
+                secondary_log_colors=secondary_log_colors,
+                stream=kwargs.get("stream", None),
+            )
+        )
+    finally:
+        logging._releaseLock()  # type: ignore
+
+
+def ensure_configured(func):
+    """Modify a function to call our basicConfig() first if no handlers exist."""
+
+    @functools.wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        if len(logging.root.handlers) == 0:
+            basicConfig()
+        return func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+debug = ensure_configured(logging.debug)
+info = ensure_configured(logging.info)
+warning = ensure_configured(logging.warning)
+error = ensure_configured(logging.error)
+critical = ensure_configured(logging.critical)
+log = ensure_configured(logging.log)
+exception = ensure_configured(logging.exception)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18309af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#############################
+COLORMAP documentation
+#############################
+
+
+Please see : http://colormap.readthedocs.io/ for an up-to-date documentation.
+
+.. image:: https://badge.fury.io/py/colormap.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/colormap
+
+.. image:: https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=master
+    :target: https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap/actions/workflows/ci.yml
+
+.. image:: https://coveralls.io/repos/cokelaer/colormap/badge.png?branch=master
+    :target: https://coveralls.io/r/cokelaer/colormap?branch=master
+
+
+:version: Python  3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9
+:contributions: Please join https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap
+:issues: Please use https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap/issues
+:notebook: Please see https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap/tree/master/notebooks
+
+
+
+What is it ?
+################
+
+**colormap** package provides simple utilities to convert colors between
+RGB, HEX, HLS, HUV and a class to easily build colormaps for matplotlib. All
+matplotlib colormaps and some R colormaps are available altogether. The
+plot_colormap method (see below) is handy to quickly pick up a colormaps and
+the test_colormap is useful to see test a new colormap.
+
+
+Installation
+###################
+
+::
+
+    pip install colormap
+
+Example
+##########
+
+* Create your own colormap from red to green colors with intermediate color as
+  whitish (diverging map from red to green)::
+
+      c = Colormap()
+      mycmap = c.cmap( {'red':[1,1,0], 'green':[0,1,.39], 'blue':[0,1,0]})
+      cmap = c.test_colormap(mycmap)
+
+* Even simpler if the colormap is linear::
+
+      c = Colormap()
+      mycmap = c.cmap_linear('red', 'white', 'green(w3c)')
+      cmap = c.test_colormap(mycmap)
+
+.. image:: http://colormap.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_images/index-1.png
+    :width: 50%
+    :align: center
+
+* check out the available colormaps::
+
+      c = Colormap()
+      c.plot_colormap('diverging')
+
+.. image:: http://colormap.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_images/colormaps.png
+    :width: 50%
+    :align: center
+
+See online documentation for details: http://colormap.readthedocs.io/
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6157a0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.0
+Name: colormap
+Version: 1.0.4
+Summary: Utilities to ease manipulation of matplotlib colormaps and color codecs (e.g., hex2rgb)
+Home-page: http://github.com/cokelaer/colormap
+Author: Thomas Cokelaer
+Author-email: cokelaer@ebi.ac.uk
+Maintainer: Thomas Cokelaer
+Maintainer-email: cokelaer@ebi.ac.uk
+License: LGPL
+Download-URL: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/colormap
+Keywords: hex2web,web2hex,hex2rgb,rgb2hex,rgb2hsv,hsv2rgb,rgb2hls,hls2rgb,colormap,colors
+Platform: Linux
+Platform: Unix
+Platform: MacOsX
+Platform: Windows
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Science/Research
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: GNU Library or Lesser General Public License (LGPL)
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Requires: matplotlib
+Requires: easydev
+
+#############################
+COLORMAP documentation
+#############################
+
+
+Please see : http://colormap.readthedocs.io/ for an up-to-date documentation.
+
+.. image:: https://badge.fury.io/py/colormap.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/colormap
+
+.. image:: https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=master
+    :target: https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap/actions/workflows/ci.yml
+
+.. image:: https://coveralls.io/repos/cokelaer/colormap/badge.png?branch=master
+    :target: https://coveralls.io/r/cokelaer/colormap?branch=master
+
+
+:version: Python  3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9
+:contributions: Please join https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap
+:issues: Please use https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap/issues
+:notebook: Please see https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap/tree/master/notebooks
+
+
+
+What is it ?
+################
+
+**colormap** package provides simple utilities to convert colors between
+RGB, HEX, HLS, HUV and a class to easily build colormaps for matplotlib. All
+matplotlib colormaps and some R colormaps are available altogether. The
+plot_colormap method (see below) is handy to quickly pick up a colormaps and
+the test_colormap is useful to see test a new colormap.
+
+
+Installation
+###################
+
+::
+
+    pip install colormap
+
+Example
+##########
+
+* Create your own colormap from red to green colors with intermediate color as
+  whitish (diverging map from red to green)::
+
+      c = Colormap()
+      mycmap = c.cmap( {'red':[1,1,0], 'green':[0,1,.39], 'blue':[0,1,0]})
+      cmap = c.test_colormap(mycmap)
+
+* Even simpler if the colormap is linear::
+
+      c = Colormap()
+      mycmap = c.cmap_linear('red', 'white', 'green(w3c)')
+      cmap = c.test_colormap(mycmap)
+
+.. image:: http://colormap.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_images/index-1.png
+    :width: 50%
+    :align: center
+
+* check out the available colormaps::
+
+      c = Colormap()
+      c.plot_colormap('diverging')
+
+.. image:: http://colormap.readthedocs.io/en/latest/_images/colormaps.png
+    :width: 50%
+    :align: center
+
+See online documentation for details: http://colormap.readthedocs.io/
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0672c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst,sha256=k7YNwYAoTXXmSRv_fsv0s_kKd-J4GSlTeC4RBiOtzy4,2118
+colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=yEKDoGXSjih2XPEDj5845J2rhrKRejEUbzhgnbe15rI,3258
+colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/RECORD,,
+colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=rNo05PbNqwnXiIHFsYm0m22u4Zm6YJtugFG2THx4w3g,92
+colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/metadata.json,sha256=T7IkUtRquUznFP3wgELkN6-hUbVl1nEvrxNbrOB6n5c,1269
+colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=EzA_UbyiRZ69j6IL1oMeS3JTo2Y8sogbGnOGTShKdj0,9
+colormap/__init__.py,sha256=-cV9TPpBVnFeQFAXgzcfDr9qAd6nzfClvhmFMwTTD7I,1003
+colormap/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colormap/__pycache__/colors.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colormap/__pycache__/get_cmap.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colormap/__pycache__/xfree86.cpython-37.pyc,,
+colormap/colors.py,sha256=lxgLjKEQSemYcg14SyGuCXbGFlBv4ft1PsJ3LNn99gs,32584
+colormap/get_cmap.py,sha256=K3eGlNHo4ohUPgi_SVHRyoODRVL3S5TCR6NxJXRKXNk,2032
+colormap/xfree86.py,sha256=i5lHRxGBHHRjGs0A2O0ps_plLrYV-fJvnKW0u37dyGA,4958
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb7f7db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.29.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/metadata.json b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/metadata.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a3b99d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/metadata.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"classifiers": ["Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable", "Intended Audience :: Developers", "Intended Audience :: Science/Research", "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU Library or Lesser General Public License (LGPL)", "Operating System :: OS Independent", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9", "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules"], "download_url": "http://pypi.python.org/pypi/colormap", "extensions": {"python.details": {"contacts": [{"email": "cokelaer@ebi.ac.uk", "name": "Thomas Cokelaer", "role": "author"}, {"email": "cokelaer@ebi.ac.uk", "name": "Thomas Cokelaer", "role": "maintainer"}], "document_names": {"description": "DESCRIPTION.rst"}, "project_urls": {"Home": "http://github.com/cokelaer/colormap"}}}, "generator": "bdist_wheel (0.29.0)", "keywords": ["hex2web", "web2hex", "hex2rgb", "rgb2hex", "rgb2hsv", "hsv2rgb", "rgb2hls", "hls2rgb", "colormap", "colors"], "license": "LGPL", "metadata_version": "2.0", "name": "colormap", "platform": "Linux", "requires": "matplotlib", "summary": "Utilities to ease manipulation of matplotlib colormaps and color codecs (e.g., hex2rgb)", "version": "1.0.4"}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6cbac44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap-1.0.4.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+colormap
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0266932
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# This file is part of the colormap software
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2014
+#
+# File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+# Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+# See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+# http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+# Website: https://www.github.com/cokelaer/colormap
+# Documentation: http://packages.python.org/colormap
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""main colormap module"""
+from __future__ import print_function
+from __future__ import division
+
+import pkg_resources
+try:
+        version = pkg_resources.require("colormap")[0].version
+        __version__ = version
+except Exception:
+        version = ''
+
+
+from .xfree86 import *
+from . import colors
+from .colors import *
+from .get_cmap import *
+
+c = Colormap()
+colormap_names = c.colormaps + c.diverging_black
+# create an alias to test_colormap methiod
+test_colormap = c.test_colormap
+test_cmap = c.test_colormap
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/colors.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/colors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a765fbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/colors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,991 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the colormap software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-20134
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/colormap
+#  Documentation: http://packages.python.org/colormap
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""Utilities provided in this module can be found either in the
+standard Python module called :mod:`colorsys` or in matplotlib.colors
+(e.g rgb2hex) or are original to this module (e.g., rgb2huv)
+
+
+"""
+# matplotlib dependence is only inside Colormap class
+import colorsys
+from easydev.tools import check_param_in_list, swapdict, check_range
+from colormap.xfree86 import XFree86_colors
+
+
+__all__ = ["HEX", "Color", "hex2web", "web2hex", "hex2rgb", "hex2dec",
+    "rgb2hex", "rgb2hsv", "hsv2rgb", "rgb2hls", "hls2rgb","yuv2rgb", "rgb2yuv",
+    "to_intensity", "yuv2rgb_int", "rgb2yuv_int", "Colormap"
+    ]
+
+
+def hex2web(hexa):
+    """Convert hexadecimal string (6 digits) into *web* version (3 digits)
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from colormap.colors import hex2web
+        >>> hex2web("#FFAA11")
+        '#FA1'
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`web2hex`, :func:`hex2rgb`
+        :func:`rgb2hex`, :func:`rgb2hsv`, :func:`hsv2rgb`, :func:`rgb2hls`,
+        :func:`hls2rgb`
+    """
+    hexa = HEX().get_standard_hex_color(hexa)
+    return "#" + hexa[1::2]
+
+
+def web2hex(web):
+    """Convert *web* hexadecimal string (3 digits) into  6 digits version
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from colormap.colors import web2hex
+        >>> web2hex("#FA1")
+        '#FFAA11'
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`hex2web`, :func:`hex2rgb`
+        :func:`rgb2hex`, :func:`rgb2hsv`, :func:`hsv2rgb`, :func:`rgb2hls`,
+        :func:`hls2rgb`
+    """
+    return HEX().get_standard_hex_color(web)
+
+
+def hex2rgb(hexcolor, normalise=False):
+    """This function converts a hex color triplet into RGB
+
+    Valid hex code are:
+
+     * #FFF
+     * #0000FF
+     * 0x0000FF
+     * 0xFA1
+
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from colormap.colors import hex2rgb
+        >>> hex2rgb("#FFF", normalise=False)
+        (255, 255, 255)
+        >>> hex2rgb("#FFFFFF", normalise=True)
+        (1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
+
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`hex2web`, :func:`web2hex`,
+        :func:`rgb2hex`, :func:`rgb2hsv`, :func:`hsv2rgb`, :func:`rgb2hls`,
+        :func:`hls2rgb`
+    """
+    hexcolor = HEX().get_standard_hex_color(hexcolor)[1:]
+    r, g, b =  int(hexcolor[0:2], 16), int(hexcolor[2:4], 16), int(hexcolor[4:6], 16)
+    if normalise:
+        r, g, b = _normalise(r, g, b)
+    return r, g, b
+
+
+def rgb2hex(r, g, b, normalised=False):
+    """Convert RGB to hexadecimal color
+
+    :param: can be a tuple/list/set of 3 values (R,G,B)
+    :return: a hex vesion ofthe RGB 3-tuple
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from colormap.colors import rgb2hex
+        >>> rgb2hex(0,0,255, normalised=False)
+        '#0000FF'
+        >>> rgb2hex(0,0,1, normalised=True)
+        '#0000FF'
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`hex2web`, :func:`web2hex`, :func:`hex2rgb`
+        , :func:`rgb2hsv`, :func:`hsv2rgb`, :func:`rgb2hls`,
+        :func:`hls2rgb`
+
+    """
+    if normalised:
+        r, g, b = _denormalise(r, g, b, mode="rgb")
+        r = int(r)
+        g = int(g)
+        b = int(b)
+    check_range(r, 0, 255)
+    check_range(g, 0, 255)
+    check_range(b, 0, 255)
+    return '#%02X%02X%02X' % (r, g, b)
+
+
+def rgb2hls(r, g, b, normalised=True):
+    """Convert an RGB value to an HLS value.
+
+    :param bool normalised: if *normalised* is True, the input RGB triplet
+        should be in the range 0-1 (0-255 otherwise)
+    :return: the HLS triplet. If *normalised* parameter is True, the output
+        triplet is in the range 0-1; otherwise, H in the range 0-360 and LS
+        in the range 0-100.
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from colormap.colors import rgb2hls
+        >>> rgb2hls(255,255,255, normalised=False)
+        (0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
+
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`hex2web`, :func:`web2hex`, :func:`hex2rgb`
+        :func:`rgb2hex`, :func:`hsv2rgb`,
+        :func:`hls2rgb`
+    """
+    # rgb_to_hsv expects normalised values !
+    if normalised:
+        upper = 1
+    else:
+        upper = 255
+    check_range(r, 0, upper)
+    check_range(g, 0, upper)
+    check_range(b, 0, upper)
+    if normalised==False:
+        r, g, b = _normalise(r, g, b)
+    h, l, s = colorsys.rgb_to_hls(r, g, b)
+    return h, l, s
+
+
+def rgb2hsv(r, g, b, normalised=True):
+    """Convert an RGB value to an HSV value.
+
+    :param bool normalised: if *normalised* is True, the input RGB triplet
+        should be in the range 0-1 (0-255 otherwise)
+    :return: the HSV triplet. If *normalised* parameter is True, the output
+        triplet is in the range 0-1; otherwise, H in the range 0-360 and LS
+        in the range 0-100.
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from colormap.colors import rgb2hsv
+        >>> rgb2hsv(0.5,0,1)
+        (0.75, 1, 1)
+
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`hex2web`, :func:`web2hex`, :func:`hex2rgb`
+        :func:`rgb2hex`, :func:`hsv2rgb`, :func:`rgb2hls`,
+        :func:`hls2rgb`
+    """
+    # rgb_to_hsv expects normalised values !
+    if normalised:
+        upper = 1
+    else:
+        upper = 255
+    check_range(r, 0, upper)
+    check_range(g, 0, upper)
+    check_range(b, 0, upper)
+    if normalised==False:
+        r, g, b = _normalise(r, g, b)
+    h, s, v = colorsys.rgb_to_hsv(r, g, b)
+    return h,s,v
+
+
+def hsv2rgb(h, s, v, normalised=True):
+    """Convert a hue-saturation-value (HSV) value to a red-green-blue (RGB).
+
+    :param bool normalised: If *normalised* is True, the input HSV triplet
+        should be in the range 0-1; otherwise, H in the range 0-360 and LS
+        in the range 0-100.
+    :return: the RGB triplet. The output
+        triplet is in the range 0-1 whether the input is normalised or not.
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from colormap.colors import hsv2rgb
+        >>> hsv2rgb(0.5,1,1, normalised=True)  # doctest: +SKIP
+        (0, 1, 1)
+
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`hex2web`, :func:`web2hex`, :func:`hex2rgb`
+        :func:`rgb2hex`, :func:`rgb2hsv`, :func:`rgb2hls`,
+        :func:`hls2rgb`
+    .. seealso:: :func:`rgb2hex`
+    """
+    if normalised:
+        upper = 1
+    else:
+        upper = 100
+    if normalised:
+        uppera = 1
+    else:
+        uppera = 360
+    check_range(h, 0, uppera)
+    check_range(s, 0, upper)
+    check_range(v, 0, upper)
+    if normalised == False:
+        h, s, v = _normalise(h, s, v, mode="hsv")
+    return colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(h, s, v)
+
+
+def hls2rgb(h, l, s, normalised=True):
+    """Convert an HLS value to a RGB value.
+
+    :param bool normalised: If *normalised* is True, the input HLS triplet
+        should be in the range 0-1; otherwise, H in the range 0-360 and LS
+        in the range 0-100.
+
+    :return: the RGB triplet. The output
+        triplet is in the range 0-1 whether the input is normalised or not.
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from colormap.colors import hls2rgb
+        >>> hls2rgb(360, 50, 60, normalised=False)  # doctest: +SKIP
+        (0.8, 0.2, 0.2)
+
+
+    .. seealso:: :func:`hex2web`, :func:`web2hex`, :func:`hex2rgb`
+        :func:`rgb2hex`, :func:`rgb2hsv`, :func:`hsv2rgb`, :func:`rgb2hls`,
+
+    """
+    if normalised:
+        upper = 1
+    else:
+        upper = 100
+    if normalised:
+        uppera = 1
+    else:
+        uppera = 360
+    check_range(h, 0, uppera)
+    check_range(s, 0, upper)
+    check_range(l, 0, upper)
+    if normalised == False:
+        h, l, s = _normalise(h, l, s, mode="hls")
+    return colorsys.hls_to_rgb(h, l, s)
+
+
+def hex2dec(data):
+    """convert hexadecimal string (data) into a float in the [0-65536] inclusive range"""
+    if data[0] == '#':
+        data.replace('#', '')
+    return int(data, 16)/255.
+
+def rgb2yuv(r, g, b):
+    """Convert RGB triplet into YUV
+
+    :return: YUV triplet with values between 0 and 1
+
+    `YUV wikipedia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YUV>`_
+
+    .. warning:: expected input must be between 0 and 1
+    .. note:: the constants referenc used is  Rec. 601
+    """
+    check_range(r, 0, 1)
+    check_range(g, 0, 1)
+    check_range(b, 0, 1)
+
+    #y = int(0.299 * r + 0.587 * g + 0.114 * b)
+    #u = int(-0.14713 * r + -0.28886 * g + 0.436 * b)
+    #v = int(0.615 * r + -0.51499 * g + -0.10001 * b)
+
+    y = 0.299 * r + 0.587 * g + 0.114 * b
+    u = -32591.0/221500.0 * r + -63983.0/221500.0 * g + 0.436 * b
+    v = 0.615 * r + -72201./140200 * g + -7011/70100. * b
+    return (y, u, v)
+
+
+def yuv2rgb(y, u, v):
+    """Convert YUV triplet into RGB
+
+    `YUV <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YUV>`_
+
+    .. warning:: expected input must be between 0 and 255 (not normalised)
+
+    """
+    check_range(y, 0,1)
+    check_range(u, 0, 1)
+    check_range(v, 0, 1)
+    A, B, C, D = 701.0/615.0, 25251.0/63983.0, 209599.0/361005.0, 443.0/218.0
+    r = y + A * v
+    g = y - B * u - C * v
+    b = y + D * u
+    return (r, g, b)
+
+
+def rgb2yuv_int(r, g, b):
+    """Convert RGB triplet into YUV
+
+    `YUV wikipedia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YUV>`_
+
+    .. warning:: expected input must be between 0 and 255 (not normalised)
+
+    """
+    check_range(r, 0, 255)
+    check_range(g, 0, 255)
+    check_range(b, 0, 255)
+
+    y = int(0.299 * r + 0.587 * g + 0.114 * b)
+    u = int(-32591.0/221500.0 * r + -63983.0/221500.0 * g + 0.436 * b)
+    v = int(0.615 * r + -72201./140200 * g + -7011/70100. * b)
+
+    return (y, u, v)
+
+
+def yuv2rgb_int(y, u, v):
+    """Convert YUV triplet into RGB
+
+    `YUV <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YUV>`_
+
+    .. warning:: expected input must be between 0 and 255 (not normalised)
+
+    """
+    check_range(y, 0, 255)
+    check_range(u, 0, 255)
+    check_range(v, 0, 255)
+    r = int(y + 1.13983 * v)
+    g = int(y - 0.39465 * u - 0.58060 * v)
+    b = int(y + 2.03211 * u)
+    return (r, g, b)
+
+
+def _denormalise(r, g, b, mode="rgb"):
+    check_param_in_list(mode, ["rgb", "hls", "hsv"])
+    if mode == "rgb":
+        return r*255., g*255., b*255.
+    elif mode in ["hls", "hsv"]:
+        return r*360., g*100., b*100.
+
+
+def _normalise(r, g, b, mode="rgb"):
+    check_param_in_list(mode, ["rgb", "hls", "hsv"])
+    if mode == "rgb":
+        return r/255., g/255., b/255.
+    elif mode in ["hls", "hsv"]:
+        return r/360., g/100., b/100.
+
+
+def to_intensity(n):
+    """Return intensity
+
+    :param n: value between 0 and 1
+    :return: value between 0 and 255; round(n*127.5+127.5)
+    """
+    check_range(n, 0, 1)
+    return int(round(n * 127.5 + 127.5))
+
+
+class HEX(object):
+    """Class to check the validity of an hexadecimal string and get standard string
+
+    By standard, we mean #FFFFFF (6 digits)
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> h = HEX()
+        >>> h.is_valid_hex_color("#FFFF00")
+        True
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+    def is_valid_hex_color(self, value, verbose=True):
+        """Return True is the string can be interpreted as hexadecimal color
+
+        Valid formats are
+
+         * #FFF
+         * #0000FF
+         * 0x0000FF
+         * 0xFA1
+        """
+        try:
+            self.get_standard_hex_color(value)
+            return True
+        except Exception as err:
+            if verbose:
+                print(err)
+            return False
+
+    def get_standard_hex_color(self, value):
+        """Return standard hexadecimal color
+
+        By standard, we mean a string that starts with # sign followed by 6
+        character, e.g. #AABBFF
+        """
+        if isinstance(value, str)==False:
+            raise TypeError("value must be a string")
+        if len(value) <= 3:
+            raise ValueError("input string must be of type 0xFFF, 0xFFFFFF or #FFF or #FFFFFF")
+
+        if value.startswith("0x") or value.startswith("0X"):
+            value =  value[2:]
+        elif value.startswith("#"):
+            value = value[1:]
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("hexa string must start with a '#' sign or '0x' string")
+        value = value.upper()
+        # Now, we have either FFFFFF or FFF
+        # now check the length
+        for x in value:
+            if x not in "0123456789ABCDEF":
+                raise ValueError("Found invalid hexa character {0}".format(x))
+
+        if len(value) == 6 or len(value) == 8:
+            value  = "#" + value[0:6]
+        elif len(value) == 3:
+            value = "#" + value[0]*2 + value[1]*2 + value[2]*2
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("hexa string should be 3, 6 or 8 digits. if 8 digits, last 2 are ignored")
+        return value
+
+
+class Color(HEX):
+    """Class to ease manipulation and conversion between color codes
+
+    You can create an instance in many differen ways. You can either use a
+    human-readable name as long as it is part of the
+    `XFree86 list <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X11_color_names>`_
+    You can also provide a hexadecimal string (either 3 or 6 digits). You can
+    use triplets of values corresponding to the RGB, HSV or HLS conventions.
+
+    Here are some examples:
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        from colormap import Color
+
+        Color("red")           # human XFree86 compatible representation
+        Color("#f00")          # standard 3 hex digits
+        Color("#ff0000")       # standard 6 hex digits
+        Color(hsv=(0,1,0.5))
+        Color(hls=(0, 1, 0.5)) # HLS triplet
+        Color(rgb=(1, 0, 0))   # RGB triplet
+        Color(Color("red"))    # using an instance of :class:`Color`
+
+    Note that the RGB, HLS and HSV triplets use normalised values. If you need
+    to normalise the triplet, you can use :mod:`colormap.colors._normalise` that
+    provides a function to normalise RGB, HLS and HSV triplets::
+
+        colors._normalise(*(255, 255, 0), mode="rgb")
+        colors._normalise(*(360, 50, 100), mode="hls")
+
+    If you provide a string, it has to be a valid string from XFree86.
+    In addition to the official names, the lower case names are valid. Besides,
+    there are names with spaces. The equivalent names without space are also
+    valid. Therefore the name "Spring Green", which is an official name can be
+    provided as "Spring Green", "spring green", "springgreen" or "SpringGreen".
+
+    """
+    # Get official color names
+    colors = XFree86_colors.copy()
+    # add color names without spaces
+    aliases = dict([(x.replace(" ", ""),x) for x in colors.keys() if " " in x])
+    # add color names without spaces in lower cases
+    aliases.update([(x.replace(" ", "").lower(),x) for x in colors.keys() if " " in x])
+    # add color names in lower case
+    aliases.update(dict([(x.lower(),x) for x in colors.keys()]))
+    aliases.update(dict([(x,x) for x in colors.keys()]))
+
+    # keep track of all possible names
+    color_names = sorted(list(set(list(colors.keys()) +list( aliases.keys()))))
+
+    def __init__(self, name=None, rgb=None, hls=None, hsv=None):
+        super(Color, self).__init__()
+        self._name = None
+        self._mode = None
+        self._rgb = None
+
+        # Does the user provided the name argument (first one) as a string ?
+        if isinstance(name, str):
+            # if so, it can be a valid human name (e.g., red) or an hex
+            # assuming that valid hexadecimal starts with # or 0x,
+            # if we can interpret the string as an hexadecimal, we are done
+            if self.is_valid_hex_color(name, verbose=False):
+                self.hex = name
+            else:
+                # if not, then, the user probably provided a valid color name
+                # the property will check the validity.
+                self.name = name[:]
+                #all other input parameters are ignored
+        elif name == None:
+            if rgb:
+                self.rgb = rgb
+            elif hls:
+                self.hls = hls
+            elif hsv:
+                self.hsv = hsv
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("You must set one of the parameter")
+        elif isinstance(name, Color):
+            self.rgb = name.rgb
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("name parameter must be a string")
+
+    def _get_name(self):
+        return self._name
+    def _set_name(self, name):
+        check_param_in_list(name, self.color_names)
+        name = self.aliases[name]
+        self._name = name
+        # set hex and rgb at the same time based on the name
+        self.hex = self.colors[name]
+    name = property(_get_name, _set_name)
+    color = property(_get_name, _set_name)
+
+    def _get_hex(self):
+        return self._hex
+    def _set_hex(self, value):
+        # hex is an approximation made of 255 bits so do not define rgb here
+        if self.is_valid_hex_color(value):
+            value = self.get_standard_hex_color(value)
+            self._hex = value
+            if self._hex in self.colors.values():
+                self._name = swapdict(self.colors, check_ambiguity=False)[self._hex]
+            else:
+                self._name = "undefined"
+            self._rgb = hex2rgb(self._hex, normalise=True)
+        else:
+            # just to warn the user
+            self.get_standard_hex_color(value)
+    hex = property(_get_hex, _set_hex, 
+            doc="getter/setter the hexadecimal value.")
+
+    def _get_rgb(self):
+        return self._rgb
+    def _set_rgb(self, value):
+        # set name, hex and rgb
+        self.hex = rgb2hex(*value , normalised=True)
+        # must reset rgb with its real value (set_hex may round the rgb)
+        # in _set_hex
+        self._rgb = value
+    rgb = property(_get_rgb, _set_rgb,
+            doc="getter/setter the RGB values (3-length tuple)")
+
+    def _get_hsv(self):
+        hsv = rgb2hsv(*self.rgb)
+        return hsv
+    def _set_hsv(self, value):
+        # TODO: value must be normalised
+        self.rgb = hsv2rgb(*value)
+    hsv = property(_get_hsv, _set_hsv,
+            doc="getter/setter the HSV values (3-length tuple)")
+
+    def _get_hls(self):
+        hls = rgb2hls(*self.rgb)
+        return hls
+    def _set_hls(self, value):
+        #hls = _normalise(*value, mode="hls")
+        #else:
+        hls = value
+        self.rgb = hls2rgb(*hls)
+    hls = property(_get_hls, _set_hls,
+            doc="getter/setter the HLS values (3-length tuple)")
+
+    def _get_lightness(self):
+        return self.hls[1]
+    def _set_lightness(self, lightness):
+        h, l, s = self.hls
+        self.hls = (h, lightness, s)
+    lightness = property(_get_lightness, _set_lightness,
+            doc="getter/setter the lightness in the HLS triplet")
+
+    def _get_saturation_hls(self):
+        return self.hls[2]
+    def _set_saturation_hls(self, saturation):
+        h, l, s = self.hls
+        self.hls = (h, l, saturation)
+    saturation_hls = property(_get_saturation_hls, _set_saturation_hls,
+            doc="getter/setter the saturation in the HLS triplet")
+
+    def _get_hue(self):
+        return self.hls[0]
+    def _set_hue(self, hue):
+        h, l, s = self.hls
+        self.hls = (hue, l, s)
+    hue = property(_get_hue, _set_hue,
+            doc="getter/setter the saturation in the HLS triplet")
+
+    def _get_red(self):
+        return self.rgb[0]
+    def _set_red(self, red):
+        r, g, b = self.rgb
+        self.rgb = (red,g,b)
+    red = property(_get_red, _set_red,
+            doc="getter/setter for the red color in RGB triplet")
+
+    def _get_green(self):
+        return self.rgb[1]
+    def _set_green(self, green):
+        r, g, b = self.rgb
+        self.rgb = (r, green, b)
+    green = property(_get_green, _set_green,
+            doc="getter/setter for the green color in RGB triplet")
+
+    def _get_blue(self):
+        return self.rgb[2]
+    def _set_blue(self, blue):
+        r, g, b = self.rgb
+        self.rgb = (r, g, blue)
+    blue = property(_get_blue, _set_blue,
+            doc="getter/setter for the blue color in RGB triplet")
+
+    def _get_value(self):
+        return self.hls[0]
+    def _set_value(self, value):
+        h, s, v = self.hsv
+        self.hsv = (h, s, value)
+    value = property(_get_value, _set_value,
+            doc="getter/setter the value in the HSV triplet")
+
+    def _get_yiq(self):
+        return colorsys.rgb_to_yiq(*self.rgb)
+    yiq = property(_get_yiq, doc="Getter for the YIQ triplet")
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        txt = 'Color {0}\n'.format(self.name)
+        txt+= '  hexa code: {0}\n'.format(self.hex)
+        txt+= '  RGB code: {0}\n'.format(self.rgb)
+        txt+= '  RGB code (un-normalised): {0}\n\n'.format([x*255 for x in self.rgb])
+        txt+= '  HSV code: {0}\n'.format(self.hsv)
+        txt+= '  HSV code: (un-normalised) {0} {1} {2}\n\n'.format(self.hsv[0]*360, self.hsv[1]*100, self.hsv[2]*100)
+        txt+= '  HLS code: {0}\n'.format(self.hls)
+        txt+= '  HLS code: (un-normalised) {0} {1} {2}\n\n'.format(self.hls[0]*360, self.hls[1]*100, self.hls[2]*100)
+        return txt
+
+
+class Colormap(object):
+    """Class to create matplotlib colormap
+
+    This example show how to get the pre-defined colormap called *heat*
+
+    .. plot::
+        :include-source:
+
+
+        from pylab import *
+        from colormap.colors import Colormap
+
+        c = Colormap()
+        cmap = c.get_cmap_heat()
+        c.test_colormap(cmap)
+
+    You may be more interested in building your own colormap::
+
+        # design your own colormap
+        d = {'blue': [0,0,0,1,1,1,0],
+                'green':[0,1,1,1,0,0,0],
+                'red':  [1,1,0,0,0,1,1]}
+        cmap = c.cmap(d, reverse=False)
+
+        # see the results
+        c.test_colormap(cmap)
+
+    If you want a simple linear colormap, you can use the example above,
+    or use the :meth:`cmap_linear`. For instance for a diverging colormap
+    from red to green (with with color in between)::
+
+        cmap = c.cmap_linear("red", "white", "green")
+        c.test_colormap(cmap)
+
+    Even simpler, you can use a bicolor colormap :meth:`cmap_bicolor`. For instance 
+    for a red to green colormap::
+
+        cmap = c.cmap_bicolor("red", "green")
+        c.test_colormap(cmap)
+
+    From matplotlib documentation, colormaps falls into 4 categories:
+
+    #. Sequential schemes for unipolar data that progresses from low to high
+    #. Diverging schemes for bipolar data that emphasizes positive or
+       negative deviations from acentral value
+    #. Cyclic schemes  meant for plotting values that wrap around at the
+       endpoints, such as phase angle, wind direction, or time of day
+    #. Qualitative schemes for nominal data that has no inherent ordering,
+       where color is used only to distinguish categories
+
+
+    :references: matplotlib documentation and examples
+        http://matplotlib.org/examples/color/colormaps_reference.html
+    """
+    def _get_colormap_mpl(self):
+        try:
+            from matplotlib.pyplot import colormaps as _cmaps
+            return _cmaps()
+        except:
+            return []
+    colormaps = property(_get_colormap_mpl)
+
+    def _get_sequentials(self):
+        return ['Blues', 'BuGn', 'BuPu', 'GnBu', 'Greens', 'Greys', 'OrRd',
+                'Oranges', 'PuBu', 'PuBuGn', 'PuRd', 'Purples', 'RdPu',
+                'Reds', 'YlGn', 'YlGnBu', 'YlOrBr', 'YlOrRd']
+    sequentials = property(_get_sequentials)
+
+    def _get_sequentials2(self):
+        return ['afmhot', 'autumn', 'bone', 'cool', 'copper',
+               'gist_heat', 'gray', 'hot', 'pink',
+               'spring', 'summer', 'winter']
+    sequentials2 = property(_get_sequentials2)
+
+    def _get_diverging(self):
+         return ['BrBG',  'PRGn',  'PiYG', 'PuOr', 'RdBu', 'RdGy', 'RdYlBu',
+                 'RdYlGn', 'Spectral', 'bwr', 'coolwarm', 'seismic']
+    diverging = property(_get_diverging)
+
+    def _get_diverging_black(self):
+         return ['red_black_sky', 'red_black_blue', 'red_black_green', 'yellow_black_blue',
+                 'yellow_black_sky', 'red_black_orange', 'pink_black_green(w3c)'
+                 ]
+    diverging_black = property(_get_diverging_black)
+
+    def _get_qualitative(self):
+        return ['Accent', 'Dark2', 'Paired', 'Pastel1', 'Pastel2',
+                'Set1', 'Set2', 'Set3']
+    qualitative = property(_get_qualitative)
+
+    def _get_misc(self):
+        return ['gist_earth', 'terrain', 'ocean', 'gist_stern',
+                'brg', 'CMRmap', 'cubehelix', 'gnuplot', 'gnuplot2', 'gist_ncar',
+                'nipy_spectral', 'jet', 'rainbow', 'gist_rainbow', 'hsv', 'flag', 'prism']
+    misc = property(_get_misc)
+
+    def plot_rgb_from_hex_list(self, cols):
+        """This functions takes a list of hexadecimal values and plots
+        the RGB curves. This can be handy to figure out the RGB functions
+        to be used in the :meth:`get_cmap`.
+
+        .. plot::
+            :include-source:
+            :width: 60%
+
+            from colormap.colors import Colormap
+            c = Colormap()
+            t = ['#FF0000FF', '#FF4D00FF', '#FF9900FF', '#FFE500FF',
+                 '#CCFF00FF', '#80FF00FF', '#33FF00FF', '#00FF19FF',
+                 '#00FF66FF', '#00FFB2FF', '#00FFFFFF', '#00B3FFFF',
+                 '#0066FFFF', '#001AFFFF', '#3300FFFF', '#7F00FFFF',
+                 '#CC00FFFF','#FF00E6FF','#FF0099FF', '#FF004DFF']
+            c.plot_rgb_from_hex_list(t)
+
+        """
+        import pylab
+        red = [hex2rgb(x)[0]/255. for x in cols]
+        blue = [hex2rgb(x)[2]/255. for x in cols]
+        green = [hex2rgb(x)[1]/255. for x in cols]
+        x = pylab.linspace(0, 1, len(cols))
+        pylab.clf()
+        pylab.plot(x, red, 'ro-', alpha=0.5)
+        pylab.plot(x, green, 'gs-', alpha=0.5, markersize=15)
+        pylab.plot(x, blue, 'bx-', alpha=0.5, markersize=15)
+        pylab.ylim([-0.1, 1.1])
+
+    def cmap_bicolor(self, color1, color2, reverse=False, N=256):
+        """Provide 3 colors in format accepted by :class:`Color`
+
+        ::
+
+            >>> red = Color('red')
+            >>> white = Color('white')
+            >>> cmap = cmap_bicolor(red, white)
+
+        """
+        c1 = Color(color1)
+        c2 = Color(color2)
+        dico = {'red': [c1.red, c2.red],
+                'green':[c1.green, c2.green],
+                'blue':[c1.blue, c2.blue]}
+        return self.cmap(dico, reverse=reverse, N=N)
+
+    def cmap_linear(self, color1, color2, color3, reverse=False, N=256):
+        """Provide 3 colors in format accepted by :class:`Color`
+
+        ::
+
+            red = Color('red')
+            cmap = cmap_linear(red, 'white', '#0000FF')
+
+        """
+        c1 = Color(color1)
+        c2 = Color(color2)
+        c3 = Color(color3)
+        dico = {'red': [c1.red, c2.red, c3.red],
+                'green':[c1.green, c2.green, c3.green],
+                'blue':[c1.blue, c2.blue, c3.blue]}
+
+        return self.cmap(dico, reverse=reverse, N=N)
+
+    def cmap(self, colors=None, reverse=False, N=256):
+        """Return a colormap object to be used within matplotlib
+
+        :param dict colors: a dictionary that defines the RGB colors to be
+            used in the colormap. See :meth:`get_cmap_heat` for an example.
+        :param bool reverse: reverse the colormap is  set to True (defaults to False)
+        :param int N: Defaults to 50
+
+        """
+        # matplotlib colormaps
+        if colors in self.colormaps:
+            if reverse and colors.endswith("_r") is False:
+                colors += "_r"
+            from matplotlib.cm import get_cmap
+            return get_cmap(colors)
+        # custom ones
+        elif colors in self.diverging_black:
+            c1, c2, c3 = colors.split("_")
+            # special case of sky, which does not exists
+            c3 = c3.replace("sky", "deep sky blue")
+            return self.cmap_linear(c1, c2, c3)
+        elif colors == 'heat':
+            return self.get_cmap_heat()
+        elif colors == 'heat_r':
+            return self.get_cmap_heat_r()
+
+
+        # Keep these dependencies inside the function to allow
+        # installation of colormap without those dependencies
+        # FIXME remove numpy dependencies
+        import numpy as np
+        # extracted from R, heat.colors(20)
+
+        if reverse:
+            for k in colors.keys():
+                colors[k].reverse()
+
+        # If index not given, RGB colors are evenly-spaced in colormap.
+        index = np.linspace(0, 1, len(colors['red']))
+
+        # Adapt color_data to the form expected by LinearSegmentedColormap.
+        color_data = dict((key, [(x, y, y) for x, y in zip(index, value)])
+                 for key, value in list(colors.items()))
+
+        import matplotlib
+        f = matplotlib.colors.LinearSegmentedColormap
+        m = f('my_color_map', color_data, N)
+        return m
+
+
+    def get_cmap_heat(self):
+        """Return a heat colormap matplotlib-compatible colormap
+
+        This heat colormap should be equivalent to heat.colors() in R.
+
+        ::
+
+            >>> from colormap.colors import Colormap
+            >>> cmap = Colormap.get_cmap_heat()
+
+        You can generate the colormap based solely on this information for the RGB
+        functions along::
+
+            d=  {   'blue':[0,0,0,0,1],
+                    'green':[0,.35,.7,1,1],
+                    'red':[1,1,1,1,1]}
+            cmap = Colormap.get_cmap(d)
+
+        """
+        return self.cmap(
+                {   'blue':[0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
+                    'green':[0, .35, .7, 1, 1],
+                    'red':[1, 1, 1, 1, 1]}, reverse=False)
+
+    def get_cmap_heat_r(self):
+        """Return a heat colormap matplotlib-compatible colormap
+
+        Same as :meth:`get_cmap_heat` but reversed
+        """
+        return self.cmap(
+                {   'blue':[0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
+                    'green':[0, .35, .7, 1, 1],
+                    'red':[1, 1, 1, 1, 1]}, reverse=True)
+
+    def get_cmap_rainbow(self):
+        """colormap similar to rainbow colormap from R
+
+        .. note:: The red is actually appearing on both sides... Yet
+            this looks like what is coded in R 3.0.1
+
+        """
+        return self.cmap(
+                {   'blue': [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
+                    'green':[0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0],
+                    'red':  [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1]}, reverse=False)
+
+
+    def get_cmap_red_green(self):
+        return self.cmap(
+                {   'green': [0, 0.4, 0.6, .75, .8, .9, 1, .9, .8, .6],
+                    'blue' : [0, .4, .6, .75, .8, .7, .6, .35, .17, .1],
+                    'red':   [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, .9, .8, .6, .3, .1]}, reverse=True)
+
+    def test_colormap(self, cmap=None):
+        """plot one colormap for testing
+
+        By default, test the :meth:`get_cmap_heat`
+
+        """
+        if cmap is None:
+            cmap = self.get_cmap_heat()
+        import numpy as np
+        from pylab import clf, pcolor, colorbar, show, linspace, axis
+        A, B = np.meshgrid(linspace(0, 10, 100), linspace(0, 10, 100))
+        clf()
+        pcolor((A-5)**2+(B-5)**2, cmap=cmap)
+        colorbar()
+        show()
+        axis('off')
+
+    def plot_colormap(self, cmap_list=None):
+        """cmap_list list of valid cmap or name of a set (sequential,
+        diverging,)
+
+        if none, plot all known colors
+
+        .. .. plot::
+        ..    :width:80%
+        ..    :include-source:
+
+        ..    from colormap import Colormap
+        ..    c = Colormap()
+        ..    c.plot_colormap('sequential')
+
+
+        """
+        from pylab import subplots
+
+        if isinstance(cmap_list, str):
+            if cmap_list in ['sequentials','sequentials2','qualitative',
+                             'misc','diverging', 'diverging_black']:
+                cmap_list = getattr(self, cmap_list)
+            else:
+                cmap_list = [cmap_list]
+        if isinstance(cmap_list, list) is not True:
+            raise TypeError("""input must be a list of srtings or a single string. Each string should be found. For a user-defined cmap, use test_colormap""")
+        for this in cmap_list:
+            if this not in self.colormaps and this not in self.diverging_black:
+                raise ValueError("unknown colormap name. Please check valid names in colormaps attribute")
+
+        nrows = len(cmap_list)
+
+        gradient = [x/255. for x in range(0,256)]
+        gradient = [gradient, gradient]
+        #np.vstack((gradient, gradient))
+
+        fig, axes = subplots(nrows=nrows)
+        fig.subplots_adjust(top=0.95, bottom=0.05, left=0.05, right=0.8)
+
+        for ax, name in zip(axes, cmap_list):
+            ax.imshow(gradient, aspect='auto', cmap=self.cmap(name))
+            pos = list(ax.get_position().bounds)
+            x_text = pos[2] + 0.08
+            y_text = pos[1] + pos[3]/2.
+            fig.text(x_text, y_text, name, va='center', ha='left', fontsize=10)
+
+        # Turn off *all* ticks & spines, not just the ones with colormaps.
+        for ax in axes:
+            ax.set_axis_off()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/get_cmap.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/get_cmap.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d7dbe9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/get_cmap.py
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of colormap software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2014L
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  website: 
+#
+##############################################################################
+from colormap import Colormap
+
+__all__ = ['cmap_builder']
+
+
+def cmap_builder(name, name2=None, name3=None):
+    """return a colormap object compatible with matplotlib
+
+    If only parameter **name** is provided, it should be a known matplotlib 
+    colormap name (e.g., jet). If **name2** is provided, then a new colormap 
+    is created going from the color **name** to the color **name2** with a
+    linear scale. Finally, if **name3** is provided, a linear scaled colormap
+    is built from color **name** to color **name3** with the intermediate color
+    being the **name2**
+
+    Matplotlib colormap map names
+
+    """
+    c = Colormap()
+
+    # if the colormap is already a colormap, nothing to do
+    try:
+        name.get_bad()
+        return name
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+
+    # an R colormap
+    if name and name2 and name3:
+        return c.cmap_linear(name, name2, name3)
+    elif name and name2:
+        return c.cmap_bicolor(name, name2)
+    elif name == 'heat':
+        return c.get_cmap_heat()
+    elif name == 'heat_r':
+        return c.get_cmap_heat_r()
+    # matplotlic colormaps
+    elif name in c.colormaps:
+        return c.cmap(name)
+    # some custom diverging colormaps with black in the middle.
+    elif name in c.diverging_black:
+        return c.cmap(name)
+    elif name.count("_") == 2:
+        name1, name2, name3 = name.split("_")
+        return c.cmap_linear(name1, name2, name3)
+    else:
+        #valid = c.colormaps + c.diverging_black
+        txt = "name provided {0} is not recognised. ".format(name)
+        txt += "\n valid name can be found in colormap.colormap_names"
+        raise ValueError(txt)
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/xfree86.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/xfree86.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8d3238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/colormap/xfree86.py
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+# This file is part of the colormap software
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2014
+#
+# File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+# Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+# See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+# http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+# Website: https://www.github.com/cokelaer/colormap
+# Documentation: http://packages.python.org/colormap
+#
+##############################################################################
+
+__all__ = ["XFree86_colors"]
+
+# TC: I have added the "green" key, which is the same as green(x11)
+
+XFree86_colors = {
+    "Alice Blue" : "#F0F8FF",
+    "AliceBlue" : "#F0F8FF",
+    "Antique White" : "#FAEBD7",
+    "Aqua" : "#00FFFF",
+    "Aquamarine" : "#7FFFD4",
+    "Azure" : "#F0FFFF",
+    "Beige" : "#F5F5DC",
+    "Bisque" : "#FFE4C4",
+    "Black" : "#000000",
+    "Blanched Almond" : "#FFEBCD",
+    "Blue" : "#0000FF",
+    "Blue Violet" : "#8A2BE2",
+    "Brown" : "#A52A2A",
+    "Burlywood" : "#DEB887",
+    "Cadet Blue" : "#5F9EA0",
+    "Chartreuse" : "#7FFF00",
+    "Chocolate" : "#D2691E",
+    "Coral" : "#FF7F50",
+    "Cornflower" : "#6495ED",
+    "Cornsilk" : "#FFF8DC",
+    "Crimson" : "#DC143C",
+    "Cyan" : "#00FFFF",
+    "Dark Blue" : "#00008B",
+    "Dark Cyan" : "#008B8B",
+    "Dark Goldenrod" : "#B8860B",
+    "Dark Gray" : "#A9A9A9",
+    "Dark Green" : "#006400",
+    "Dark Khaki" : "#BDB76B",
+    "Dark Magenta" : "#8B008B",
+    "Dark Olive Green" : "#556B2F",
+    "Dark Orange" : "#FF8C00",
+    "Dark Orchid" : "#9932CC",
+    "Dark Red" : "#8B0000",
+    "Dark Salmon" : "#E9967A",
+    "Dark Sea Green" : "#8FBC8F",
+    "Dark Slate Blue" : "#483D8B",
+    "Dark Slate Gray" : "#2F4F4F",
+    "Dark Turquoise" : "#00CED1",
+    "Dark Violet" : "#9400D3",
+    "Deep Pink" : "#FF1493",
+    "Deep Sky Blue" : "#00BFFF",
+    "Dim Gray" : "#696969",
+    "Dodger Blue" : "#1E90FF",
+    "Firebrick" : "#B22222",
+    "Floral White" : "#FFFAF0",
+    "Forest Green" : "#228B22",
+    "Fuchsia" : "#FF00FF",
+    "Gainsboro" : "#DCDCDC",
+    "Ghost White" : "#F8F8FF",
+    "Gold" : "#FFD700",
+    "Goldenrod" : "#DAA520",
+    "Gray (X11)" : "#BEBEBE",
+    "Gray (W3C)" : "#808080",
+    "Green (X11)" : "#00FF00",
+    "Green" : "#00FF00",
+    "Green (W3C)" : "#008000",
+    "Green Yellow" : "#ADFF2F",
+    "Honeydew" : "#F0FFF0",
+    "Hot Pink" : "#FF69B4",
+    "Indian Red" : "#CD5C5C",
+    "Indigo" : "#4B0082",
+    "Ivory" : "#FFFFF0",
+    "Khaki" : "#F0E68C",
+    "Lavender" : "#E6E6FA",
+    "Lavender Blush" : "#FFF0F5",
+    "Lawn Green" : "#7CFC00",
+    "Lemon Chiffon" : "#FFFACD",
+    "Light Blue" : "#ADD8E6",
+    "Light Coral" : "#F08080",
+    "Light Cyan" : "#E0FFFF",
+    "Light Goldenrod" : "#FAFAD2",
+    "Light Gray" : "#D3D3D3",
+    "Light Green" : "#90EE90",
+    "Light Pink" : "#FFB6C1",
+    "Light Salmon" : "#FFA07A",
+    "Light Sea Green" : "#20B2AA",
+    "Light Sky Blue" : "#87CEFA",
+    "Light Slate Gray" : "#778899",
+    "Light Steel Blue" : "#B0C4DE",
+    "Light Yellow" : "#FFFFE0",
+    "Lime (W3C)" : "#00FF00",
+    "Lime Green" : "#32CD32",
+    "Linen" : "#FAF0E6",
+    "Magenta" : "#FF00FF",
+    "Maroon (X11)" : "#B03060",
+    "Maroon (W3C)" : "#7F0000",
+    "Medium Aquamarine" : "#66CDAA",
+    "Medium Blue" : "#0000CD",
+    "Medium Orchid" : "#BA55D3",
+    "Medium Purple" : "#9370DB",
+    "Medium Sea Green" : "#3CB371",
+    "Medium Slate Blue" : "#7B68EE",
+    "Medium Spring Green" : "#00FA9A",
+    "Medium Turquoise" : "#48D1CC",
+    "Medium Violet Red" : "#C71585",
+    "Midnight Blue" : "#191970",
+    "Mint Cream" : "#F5FFFA",
+    "Misty Rose" : "#FFE4E1",
+    "Moccasin" : "#FFE4B5",
+    "Navajo White" : "#FFDEAD",
+    "Navy" : "#000080",
+    "Old Lace" : "#FDF5E6",
+    "Olive" : "#808000",
+    "Olive Drab" : "#6B8E23",
+    "Orange" : "#FFA500",
+    "Orange Red" : "#FF4500",
+    "Orchid" : "#DA70D6",
+    "Pale Goldenrod" : "#EEE8AA",
+    "Pale Green" : "#98FB98",
+    "Pale Turquoise" : "#AFEEEE",
+    "Pale Violet Red" : "#DB7093",
+    "Papaya Whip" : "#FFEFD5",
+    "Peach Puff" : "#FFDAB9",
+    "Peru" : "#CD853F",
+    "Pink" : "#FFC0CB",
+    "Plum" : "#DDA0DD",
+    "Powder Blue" : "#B0E0E6",
+    "Purple (X11)" : "#A020F0",
+    "Purple (W3C)" : "#7F007F",
+    "Red" : "#FF0000",
+    "Rosy Brown" : "#BC8F8F",
+    "Royal Blue" : "#4169E1",
+    "Saddle Brown" : "#8B4513",
+    "Salmon" : "#FA8072",
+    "Sandy Brown" : "#F4A460",
+    "Sea Green" : "#2E8B57",
+    "Seashell" : "#FFF5EE",
+    "Sienna" : "#A0522D",
+    "Silver (W3C)" : "#C0C0C0",
+    "Sky Blue" : "#87CEEB",
+    "Slate Blue" : "#6A5ACD",
+    "Slate Gray" : "#708090",
+    "Snow" : "#FFFAFA",
+    "Spring Green" : "#00FF7F",
+    "Steel Blue" : "#4682B4",
+    "Tan" : "#D2B48C",
+    "Teal" : "#008080",
+    "Thistle" : "#D8BFD8",
+    "Tomato" : "#FF6347",
+    "Turquoise" : "#40E0D0",
+    "Violet" : "#EE82EE",
+    "Wheat" : "#F5DEB3",
+    "White" : "#FFFFFF",
+    "White Smoke" : "#F5F5F5",
+    "Yellow" : "#FFFF00",
+    "Yellow Green" : "#9ACD32"}
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easy_install.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easy_install.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d87e984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easy_install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+"""Run the EasyInstall command"""
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    from setuptools.command.easy_install import main
+    main()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad6a3db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+easydev
+##########
+
+.. image:: https://badge.fury.io/py/easydev.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/easydev
+
+.. image:: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg
+    :target: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev/actions/workflows/ci.yml
+
+
+.. image:: https://coveralls.io/repos/cokelaer/easydev/badge.svg?branch=master 
+   :target: https://coveralls.io/r/cokelaer/easydev?branch=master 
+
+
+
+
+:documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+:contributions: Please join https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+:source: Please use https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+:issues: Please use https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev/issues
+:Python version supported: 3.7, 3.8, 3.9
+
+
+The  `easydev <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/easydev/>`_ package 
+provides miscellaneous functions that are repeatidly used during 
+the development of Python packages. The goal is to help developers on 
+speeding up their own dev. It has been used also as an incubator for other 
+packages (e.g., http://pypi.python.org/pypi/colormap) and is stable.
+
+.. warning:: I'm not pretending to provide universal and bug-free tools. The
+    tools provided may also change. However, **easydev** is used
+    in a few other packages such as 
+    `bioservices <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/bioservices>`_, 
+    `sequana <https://sequana.readthedocs.io>`_ or 
+    `GDSCTools <https://sequana.readthedocs.io>`_ to give a few
+    examples. 
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..81e35c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.0
+Name: easydev
+Version: 0.12.0
+Summary: Common utilities to ease the development of Python packages
+Home-page: http://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+Author: Thomas Cokelaer
+Author-email: thomas.cokelaer@pasteur.fr
+Maintainer: Thomas Cokelaer
+Maintainer-email: thomas.cokelaer@pasteur.fr
+License: new BSD
+Download-URL: http://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+Keywords: multisetup,logging,config,decorators,multigit,progressbar
+Platform: Linux
+Platform: Unix
+Platform: MacOsX
+Platform: Windows
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Science/Research
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Provides-Extra: profiler
+Requires-Dist: colorama
+Requires-Dist: colorlog
+Requires-Dist: pexpect
+Provides-Extra: profiler
+Requires-Dist: line-profiler-test; extra == 'profiler'
+
+easydev
+##########
+
+.. image:: https://badge.fury.io/py/easydev.svg
+    :target: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/easydev
+
+.. image:: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg
+    :target: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev/actions/workflows/ci.yml
+
+
+.. image:: https://coveralls.io/repos/cokelaer/easydev/badge.svg?branch=master 
+   :target: https://coveralls.io/r/cokelaer/easydev?branch=master 
+
+
+
+
+:documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+:contributions: Please join https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+:source: Please use https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+:issues: Please use https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev/issues
+:Python version supported: 3.7, 3.8, 3.9
+
+
+The  `easydev <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/easydev/>`_ package 
+provides miscellaneous functions that are repeatidly used during 
+the development of Python packages. The goal is to help developers on 
+speeding up their own dev. It has been used also as an incubator for other 
+packages (e.g., http://pypi.python.org/pypi/colormap) and is stable.
+
+.. warning:: I'm not pretending to provide universal and bug-free tools. The
+    tools provided may also change. However, **easydev** is used
+    in a few other packages such as 
+    `bioservices <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/bioservices>`_, 
+    `sequana <https://sequana.readthedocs.io>`_ or 
+    `GDSCTools <https://sequana.readthedocs.io>`_ to give a few
+    examples. 
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f43b4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+../../../bin/browse,sha256=2nT5UxlHPsluihsElQ2-FCwzZtHV7LAtkSOKuGyE51o,235
+easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst,sha256=XyrXw5omlm8aNB6gh989QS8H01ofNYz0CiTXUPNXaJQ,1443
+easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=r-dYH9mfsd6_j1XLtutQNIBcqnr9rSnCLuPlc01Di50,2581
+easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=rNo05PbNqwnXiIHFsYm0m22u4Zm6YJtugFG2THx4w3g,92
+easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt,sha256=TIq-Jk76X-RWYPtBNtTvctn5XrUSRcmlrWJshbVHvro,49
+easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/metadata.json,sha256=ISLIBRZ-hjr14Tzd3FhAXdqzRoxtfg1JonEokZRh_To,1446
+easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=7vgatv21IsjMN-jJJUxBxnIu2VTVwFAWy3o6_sxUeKw,8
+easydev/__init__.py,sha256=K6X4K2tVCHg7uKt2XEHM--sUmPnPzoLX-3RPF6jJ2GA,1629
+easydev/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/appdirs.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/browser.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/chunks.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/codecs.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/config_tools.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/console.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/copybutton.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/decorators.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/dependencies.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/doc.cpython-37.pyc,,
+easydev/__pycache__/easytest.cpython-37.pyc,,
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb7f7db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.29.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7cd365d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[console_scripts]
+browse = easydev.browser:main
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/metadata.json b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/metadata.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0867a3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/metadata.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"classifiers": ["Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable", "Intended Audience :: Developers", "Intended Audience :: Science/Research", "License :: OSI Approved", "Operating System :: OS Independent", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7", "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules"], "download_url": "http://github.com/cokelaer/easydev", "extensions": {"python.commands": {"wrap_console": {"browse": "easydev.browser:main"}}, "python.details": {"contacts": [{"email": "thomas.cokelaer@pasteur.fr", "name": "Thomas Cokelaer", "role": "author"}, {"email": "thomas.cokelaer@pasteur.fr", "name": "Thomas Cokelaer", "role": "maintainer"}], "document_names": {"description": "DESCRIPTION.rst"}, "project_urls": {"Home": "http://github.com/cokelaer/easydev"}}, "python.exports": {"console_scripts": {"browse": "easydev.browser:main"}}}, "extras": ["profiler"], "generator": "bdist_wheel (0.29.0)", "keywords": ["multisetup", "logging", "config", "decorators", "multigit", "progressbar"], "license": "new BSD", "metadata_version": "2.0", "name": "easydev", "platform": "Linux", "run_requires": [{"requires": ["colorama", "colorlog", "pexpect"]}, {"extra": "profiler", "requires": ["line-profiler-test"]}], "summary": "Common utilities to ease the development of Python packages", "test_requires": [{"requires": ["pytest"]}], "version": "0.12.0"}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e48f7c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev-0.12.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+easydev
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08aab5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2014
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://packages.python.org/easydev
+#
+##############################################################################
+
+import pkg_resources
+
+try:
+    version = pkg_resources.require("easydev")[0].version
+except:
+    version = ">=0.11.0"
+
+
+from . import browser
+from .browser import browse as onweb
+
+from . import codecs
+from .codecs import *
+
+from . import chunks
+from .chunks import *
+
+from . import copybutton
+from .copybutton import *
+
+from . import decorators
+from .decorators import *
+
+from . import doc
+from .doc import *
+
+from . import easytest
+from .easytest import *
+
+from . import logging_tools
+from .logging_tools import *
+
+from . import sphinx_themes
+from .sphinx_themes import *
+
+from . import tools
+from .tools import *
+
+
+from .md5tools import md5
+
+from . import options
+from .options import *
+
+from . import paths
+from .paths import *
+
+from . import misc
+from .misc import *
+
+from . import config_tools
+from .config_tools import *
+
+# from . import timer
+from .timer import Timer
+
+from . import url
+from .url import *
+
+# import dependencies
+from .dependencies import get_dependencies
+
+from . import multicore
+from .multicore import *
+
+
+from .progressbar import TextProgressBar, progress_bar, Progress
+
+
+from .profiler import do_profile
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/__pycache__/url.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/__pycache__/url.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/appdirs.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/appdirs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..054ab3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/appdirs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,608 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2005-2010 ActiveState Software Inc.
+# Copyright (c) 2013 Eddy Petrișor
+"""Local version of appdirs 1.4.0  with their MIT License
+This helps to have easydev under conda.
+
+# This is the MIT license
+
+Copyright (c) 2010 ActiveState Software Inc.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
+in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
+OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+"""
+
+"""Utilities for determining application-specific dirs.
+
+See <http://github.com/ActiveState/appdirs> for details and usage.
+"""
+# Dev Notes:
+# - MSDN on where to store app data files:
+#   http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;310294#XSLTH3194121123120121120120
+# - Mac OS X: http://developer.apple.com/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPFileSystem/index.html
+# - XDG spec for Un*x: http://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html
+
+# Note: Thomas Cokelaer Jan 2016
+# Added appdirs directly inside easydev to remove dependencies. This was
+# to make a conda test but may not be required anymore ??
+
+__version_info__ = (1, 4, 0)
+__version__ = ".".join(map(str, __version_info__))
+
+
+import sys
+import os
+
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+
+if PY3:
+    unicode = str
+
+if sys.platform.startswith("java"):  # pragma: no cover
+    import platform
+
+    os_name = platform.java_ver()[3][0]
+    if os_name.startswith("Windows"):  # "Windows XP", "Windows 7", etc.
+        system = "win32"
+    elif os_name.startswith("Mac"):  # "Mac OS X", etc.
+        system = "darwin"
+    else:  # "Linux", "SunOS", "FreeBSD", etc.
+        # Setting this to "linux2" is not ideal, but only Windows or Mac
+        # are actually checked for and the rest of the module expects
+        # *sys.platform* style strings.
+        system = "linux2"
+else:
+    system = sys.platform
+
+
+def user_data_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, roaming=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific data dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "roaming" (boolean, default False) can be set True to use the Windows
+            roaming appdata directory. That means that for users on a Windows
+            network setup for roaming profiles, this user data will be
+            sync'd on login. See
+            <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>
+            for a discussion of issues.
+
+    Typical user data directories are:
+        Mac OS X:               ~/Library/Application Support/<AppName>
+        Unix:                   ~/.local/share/<AppName>    # or in $XDG_DATA_HOME, if defined
+        Win XP (not roaming):   C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Win XP (roaming):       C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Win 7  (not roaming):   C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Win 7  (roaming):       C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Roaming\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+
+    For Unix, we follow the XDG spec and support $XDG_DATA_HOME.
+    That means, by default "~/.local/share/<AppName>".
+    """
+    if system == "win32":  # pragma: no cover
+        if appauthor is None:
+            appauthor = appname
+        const = roaming and "CSIDL_APPDATA" or "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder(const))
+        if appname:
+            if appauthor is not False:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appauthor, appname)
+            else:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    elif system == "darwin":
+        path = os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Application Support/")
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    else:
+        path = os.getenv("XDG_DATA_HOME", os.path.expanduser("~/.local/share"))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def site_data_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, multipath=False):
+    """Return full path to the user-shared data dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "multipath" is an optional parameter only applicable to *nix
+            which indicates that the entire list of data dirs should be
+            returned. By default, the first item from XDG_DATA_DIRS is
+            returned, or '/usr/local/share/<AppName>',
+            if XDG_DATA_DIRS is not set
+
+    Typical user data directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   /Library/Application Support/<AppName>
+        Unix:       /usr/local/share/<AppName> or /usr/share/<AppName>
+        Win XP:     C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Vista:      (Fail! "C:\ProgramData" is a hidden *system* directory on Vista.)
+        Win 7:      C:\ProgramData\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>   # Hidden, but writeable on Win 7.
+
+    For Unix, this is using the $XDG_DATA_DIRS[0] default.
+
+    WARNING: Do not use this on Windows. See the Vista-Fail note above for why.
+    """
+    if system == "win32":  # pragma: no cover
+        if appauthor is None:
+            appauthor = appname
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder("CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA"))
+        if appname:
+            if appauthor is not False:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appauthor, appname)
+            else:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    elif system == "darwin":
+        path = os.path.expanduser("/Library/Application Support")
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        # XDG default for $XDG_DATA_DIRS
+        # only first, if multipath is False
+        path = os.getenv(
+            "XDG_DATA_DIRS", os.pathsep.join(["/usr/local/share", "/usr/share"])
+        )
+        pathlist = [
+            os.path.expanduser(x.rstrip(os.sep)) for x in path.split(os.pathsep)
+        ]
+        if appname:
+            if version:
+                appname = os.path.join(appname, version)
+            pathlist = [os.sep.join([x, appname]) for x in pathlist]
+
+        if multipath:
+            path = os.pathsep.join(pathlist)
+        else:
+            path = pathlist[0]
+        return path
+
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def user_config_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, roaming=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific config dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "roaming" (boolean, default False) can be set True to use the Windows
+            roaming appdata directory. That means that for users on a Windows
+            network setup for roaming profiles, this user data will be
+            sync'd on login. See
+            <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>
+            for a discussion of issues.
+
+    Typical user data directories are:
+        Mac OS X:               same as user_data_dir
+        Unix:                   ~/.config/<AppName>     # or in $XDG_CONFIG_HOME, if defined
+        Win *:                  same as user_data_dir
+
+    For Unix, we follow the XDG spec and support $XDG_CONFIG_HOME.
+    That means, by deafult "~/.config/<AppName>".
+    """
+    if system in ["win32", "darwin"]:
+        path = user_data_dir(appname, appauthor, None, roaming)
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        path = os.getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", os.path.expanduser("~/.config"))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def site_config_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, multipath=False):
+    """Return full path to the user-shared data dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "multipath" is an optional parameter only applicable to *nix
+            which indicates that the entire list of config dirs should be
+            returned. By default, the first item from XDG_CONFIG_DIRS is
+            returned, or '/etc/xdg/<AppName>', if XDG_CONFIG_DIRS is not set
+
+    Typical user data directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   same as site_data_dir
+        Unix:       /etc/xdg/<AppName> or $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS[i]/<AppName> for each value in
+                    $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS
+        Win *:      same as site_data_dir
+        Vista:      (Fail! "C:\ProgramData" is a hidden *system* directory on Vista.)
+
+    For Unix, this is using the $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS[0] default, if multipath=False
+
+    WARNING: Do not use this on Windows. See the Vista-Fail note above for why.
+    """
+    if system in ["win32", "darwin"]:
+        path = site_data_dir(appname, appauthor)
+        if appname and version:
+            path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        # XDG default for $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS
+        # only first, if multipath is False
+        path = os.getenv("XDG_CONFIG_DIRS", "/etc/xdg")
+        pathlist = [
+            os.path.expanduser(x.rstrip(os.sep)) for x in path.split(os.pathsep)
+        ]
+        if appname:
+            if version:
+                appname = os.path.join(appname, version)
+            pathlist = [os.sep.join([x, appname]) for x in pathlist]
+
+        if multipath:
+            path = os.pathsep.join(pathlist)
+        else:
+            path = pathlist[0]
+    return path
+
+
+def user_cache_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, opinion=True):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific cache dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "opinion" (boolean) can be False to disable the appending of
+            "Cache" to the base app data dir for Windows. See
+            discussion below.
+
+    Typical user cache directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   ~/Library/Caches/<AppName>
+        Unix:       ~/.cache/<AppName> (XDG default)
+        Win XP:     C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Cache
+        Vista:      C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Cache
+
+    On Windows the only suggestion in the MSDN docs is that local settings go in
+    the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` directory. This is identical to the non-roaming
+    app data dir (the default returned by `user_data_dir` above). Apps typically
+    put cache data somewhere *under* the given dir here. Some examples:
+        ...\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\<ProfileName>\Cache
+        ...\Acme\SuperApp\Cache\1.0
+    OPINION: This function appends "Cache" to the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` value.
+    This can be disabled with the `opinion=False` option.
+    """
+    if system == "win32":  # pragma: no cover
+        if appauthor is None:
+            appauthor = appname
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder("CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"))
+        if appname:
+            if appauthor is not False:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appauthor, appname)
+            else:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+            if opinion:
+                path = os.path.join(path, "Cache")
+    elif system == "darwin":
+        path = os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Caches")
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        path = os.getenv("XDG_CACHE_HOME", os.path.expanduser("~/.cache"))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def user_log_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, opinion=True):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific log dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "opinion" (boolean) can be False to disable the appending of
+            "Logs" to the base app data dir for Windows, and "log" to the
+            base cache dir for Unix. See discussion below.
+
+    Typical user cache directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   ~/Library/Logs/<AppName>
+        Unix:       ~/.cache/<AppName>/log  # or under $XDG_CACHE_HOME if defined
+        Win XP:     C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Logs
+        Vista:      C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Logs
+
+    On Windows the only suggestion in the MSDN docs is that local settings
+    go in the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` directory. (Note: I'm interested in
+    examples of what some windows apps use for a logs dir.)
+
+    OPINION: This function appends "Logs" to the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA`
+    value for Windows and appends "log" to the user cache dir for Unix.
+    This can be disabled with the `opinion=False` option.
+    """
+    if system == "darwin":
+        path = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser("~/Library/Logs"), appname)
+    elif system == "win32":  # pragma: no cover
+        path = user_data_dir(appname, appauthor, version)
+        version = False
+        if opinion:
+            path = os.path.join(path, "Logs")
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        path = user_cache_dir(appname, appauthor, version)
+        version = False
+        if opinion:
+            path = os.path.join(path, "log")
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+class AppDirs(object):
+    """Convenience wrapper for getting application dirs."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, appname, appauthor=None, version=None, roaming=False, multipath=False
+    ):
+        self.appname = appname
+        self.appauthor = appauthor
+        self.version = version
+        self.roaming = roaming
+        self.multipath = multipath
+
+    @property
+    def user_data_dir(self):
+        return user_data_dir(
+            self.appname, self.appauthor, version=self.version, roaming=self.roaming
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def site_data_dir(self):
+        return site_data_dir(
+            self.appname, self.appauthor, version=self.version, multipath=self.multipath
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def user_config_dir(self):
+        return user_config_dir(
+            self.appname, self.appauthor, version=self.version, roaming=self.roaming
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def site_config_dir(self):
+        return site_config_dir(
+            self.appname, self.appauthor, version=self.version, multipath=self.multipath
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def user_cache_dir(self):
+        return user_cache_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor, version=self.version)
+
+    @property
+    def user_log_dir(self):
+        return user_log_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor, version=self.version)
+
+
+# ---- internal support stuff
+
+
+def _get_win_folder_from_registry(csidl_name):  # pragma: no cover
+    """This is a fallback technique at best. I'm not sure if using the
+    registry for this guarantees us the correct answer for all CSIDL_*
+    names.
+    """
+    import _winreg
+
+    shell_folder_name = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": "AppData",
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": "Common AppData",
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": "Local AppData",
+    }[csidl_name]
+
+    key = _winreg.OpenKey(
+        _winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+        r"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders",
+    )
+    dir, type = _winreg.QueryValueEx(key, shell_folder_name)
+    return dir
+
+
+def _get_win_folder_with_pywin32(csidl_name):  # pragma: no cover
+    from win32com.shell import shellcon, shell
+
+    dir = shell.SHGetFolderPath(0, getattr(shellcon, csidl_name), 0, 0)
+    # Try to make this a unicode path because SHGetFolderPath does
+    # not return unicode strings when there is unicode data in the
+    # path.
+    try:
+        dir = unicode(dir)
+
+        # Downgrade to short path name if have highbit chars. See
+        # <http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=85099>.
+        has_high_char = False
+        for c in dir:
+            if ord(c) > 255:
+                has_high_char = True
+                break
+        if has_high_char:
+            try:
+                import win32api
+
+                dir = win32api.GetShortPathName(dir)
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
+    except UnicodeError:
+        pass
+    return dir
+
+
+def _get_win_folder_with_ctypes(csidl_name):  # pragma: no cover
+    import ctypes
+
+    csidl_const = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": 26,
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": 35,
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": 28,
+    }[csidl_name]
+
+    buf = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)
+    ctypes.windll.shell32.SHGetFolderPathW(None, csidl_const, None, 0, buf)
+
+    # Downgrade to short path name if have highbit chars. See
+    # <http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=85099>.
+    has_high_char = False
+    for c in buf:
+        if ord(c) > 255:
+            has_high_char = True
+            break
+    if has_high_char:
+        buf2 = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)
+        if ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetShortPathNameW(buf.value, buf2, 1024):
+            buf = buf2
+
+    return buf.value
+
+
+def _get_win_folder_with_jna(csidl_name):  # pragma: no cover
+    import array
+    from com.sun import jna
+    from com.sun.jna.platform import win32
+
+    buf_size = win32.WinDef.MAX_PATH * 2
+    buf = array.zeros("c", buf_size)
+    shell = win32.Shell32.INSTANCE
+    shell.SHGetFolderPath(
+        None,
+        getattr(win32.ShlObj, csidl_name),
+        None,
+        win32.ShlObj.SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT,
+        buf,
+    )
+    dir = jna.Native.toString(buf.tostring()).rstrip("\0")
+
+    # Downgrade to short path name if have highbit chars. See
+    # <http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=85099>.
+    has_high_char = False
+    for c in dir:
+        if ord(c) > 255:
+            has_high_char = True
+            break
+    if has_high_char:
+        buf = array.zeros("c", buf_size)
+        kernel = win32.Kernel32.INSTANCE
+        if kernal.GetShortPathName(dir, buf, buf_size):
+            dir = jna.Native.toString(buf.tostring()).rstrip("\0")
+
+    return dir
+
+
+if system == "win32":  # pragma: no cover
+    try:
+        import win32com.shell
+
+        _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_with_pywin32
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            from ctypes import windll
+
+            _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_with_ctypes
+        except ImportError:
+            try:
+                import com.sun.jna
+
+                _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_with_jna
+            except ImportError:
+                _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_from_registry
+
+
+# ---- self test code
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma no cover
+    appname = "MyApp"
+    appauthor = "MyCompany"
+
+    props = (
+        "user_data_dir",
+        "site_data_dir",
+        "user_config_dir",
+        "site_config_dir",
+        "user_cache_dir",
+        "user_log_dir",
+    )
+
+    print("-- app dirs (with optional 'version')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname, appauthor, version="1.0")
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (without optional 'version')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname, appauthor)
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (without optional 'appauthor')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname)
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (with disabled 'appauthor')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname, appauthor=False)
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/browser.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/browser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c3e47c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/browser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""Universal browser
+
+This module provides a browser in 2 flavours: as a program to use in a Terminal,
+or as a Python function that can be used in other software. The underlying code is based on the standard python module :mod:`webbrowser`. With webbrowser module itself, you can already open a URL as follows in a command line interface::
+
+        python -m webbrowser -t "http://www.python.org"
+
+However, with **browse**, you can simply type::
+
+        browse http://www.python.org
+
+It does not seem to be a big improvments but it is a bit more flexible. First,
+there is no need to enter "http://" : it will be added if missing and if this is not a local file.::
+
+    browse docs.python.org
+    browse http://docs.python.org --verbose
+
+Similarly, you can open an image (it uses the default image viewer)::
+
+    browse image.png
+
+Or a txt file (or any document provided there is a default executable 
+to open it). It works like a charm under Linux. Under MAC, it uses the **open**
+command so this should also work.
+
+When invoking **browse**, under MacOSX, it actually tries to call **open**
+first and then calls webbrowser, if unsuccessful only. Note tested under
+Windows but uses webbrowser is used and works for open HTML document and URLs.
+
+You can also look at a directory (starts nautilus under Fedora)::
+
+    browse ~/Pictures
+
+See more examples below. 
+
+The interest of **browse** is that it can also be used programmatically::
+
+    from easydev.browser import browse
+    # open an image with the default image viewer:
+    browse("image.png")
+    # or a web page
+    browse("http://www.uniprot.org")
+
+There is also an alias **onweb**::
+
+    from easydev import onweb
+
+"""
+import os
+import sys, webbrowser
+from optparse import OptionParser
+import argparse
+
+
+def browse(url, verbose=True):
+    from sys import platform as _platform
+
+    if _platform == "linux" or _platform == "linux2":
+        _browse_linux(url, verbose=True)
+    elif _platform == "darwin":  # pragma: no cover
+        # under Mac, it looks like the standard  webbrowser may not work as smoothly
+        # OS X
+        _browse_mac(url, verbose)
+    elif _platform == "win32":  # pragma: no cover
+        # for windows and others, the same code as Linux should work
+        _browse_linux(url, verbose=True)
+    else:
+        _browse_linux(url, verbose=True)  # pragma: no cover
+
+
+def _browse_mac(url, verbose=True):  # pragma: no cover
+    if verbose:
+        print("openning %s" % url)
+
+    import os
+
+    try:
+        os.system("open /Applications/Safari.app {}".format(url))
+        return
+    except:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        os.system("open /Applications/Safari.app {}".format("http://" + url))
+        return
+    except:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        webbrowser.open_new(url)
+    except:
+        if verbose:
+            print("Could not open %s. Trying to append http://" % url)
+        try:
+            webbrowser.open_new("open http://{}".format(url))
+        except:
+            print("Could not open http://%s" % url)
+            raise Exception
+
+
+def _browse_linux(url, verbose=True):  # pragma: no cover
+    if verbose:
+        print("openning %s" % url)
+    try:
+        webbrowser.open(url)
+        return
+    except:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        if verbose:
+            print("Could not open %s" % url)
+        webbrowser.open("http://" + url)
+        return
+    except:
+        pass
+
+    raise Exception("Could not open http://{}".format(url))
+
+
+def main(args=None):  # pragma: no cover
+    if args is None:
+        args = sys.argv[:]
+
+    # check for verbosity
+    if "--verbose" in args:
+        verbose = True
+        args.remove("--verbose")
+        print(args)
+    else:
+        verbose = False
+
+    if "--help" in args or len(args) == 1:
+        print("Browse, a simple command line browser")
+        print("Author: Thomas Cokelaer, (c) 2012.")
+        print("USAGE\n\tbrowse http://docs.python.org ")
+        print("\tbrowse http://docs.python.org --verbose")
+        print("\tbrowse localfile.html")
+        print("\tbrowse local_directory (Linux only ?)")
+        return
+    url = args[1]
+
+    if os.path.exists(url):
+        if verbose:
+            print("%s is local file. Trying to open it.\n" % url)
+        browse(url, verbose)
+    else:
+        if verbose:
+            print("%s seems to be a web address. Trying to open it.\n" % url)
+        if url.startswith("http"):
+            browse(url, verbose)
+        else:
+            if verbose:
+                print(
+                    "%s does not exists and does not starts with http, trying anyway."
+                    % url
+                )
+            browse("http://" + url, verbose)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
+    import sys
+
+    main(sys.argv)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/chunks.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/chunks.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4673dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/chunks.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+
+# http://stackoverflow.com/questions/312443/how-do-you-split-a-list-into-evenly-sized-chunks-in-python
+#
+# Here's a generator that yields the chunks you want:
+#
+# def chunks(l, n):
+#    """Yield successive n-sized chunks from l."""
+#    for i in range(0, len(l), n):
+#        yield l[i:i+n]
+#
+# The issue here is that the chunks are not evenly sized chunks
+#
+
+__all__ = ["split_into_chunks"]
+
+
+try:
+    range = xrange  # py2
+except:
+    pass  # py3
+
+
+def split_into_chunks(items, maxchunks=10):
+    """Split a list evenly into N chunks
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from easydev import split_into_chunks
+        >>> data = [1,1,2,2,3,3]
+        >>> list(split_into_chunks(data, 3))
+        [[1, 2], [1, 3], [2, 3]]
+
+
+    """
+    chunks = [[] for _ in range(maxchunks)]
+    for i, item in enumerate(items):
+        chunks[i % maxchunks].append(item)
+    return filter(None, chunks)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/codecs.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/codecs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1914d70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/codecs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://www.assembla.com/spaces/pyeasydev/wiki
+#  Documentation: http://packages.python.org/easydev
+#
+##############################################################################
+# $:Id $
+"""various type convertors (e.g., list to string)"""
+
+
+__all__ = ["to_list", "tolist", "list2string"]
+
+
+def tolist(data, verbose=True):
+    """alias to :func:`easydev.codecs.to_list`"""
+    return to_list(data, verbose=verbose)
+
+
+def to_list(data, verbose=True):
+    """Transform an object into a list if possible
+
+    :param data: a list, tuple, or simple type (e.g. int)
+    :return: a list
+
+    - if the object is list or tuple, do nothing
+    - if the object is not a list, we assume this is a primitive type and a list
+      of length 1 is returned, the item being the parameter provided.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        >>> from easydev import transform_to_list
+        >>> to_list(1)
+        [1]
+        >>> to_list([1,2])
+        [1,2]
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(data, list) or isinstance(data, tuple):
+        return data  # nothing to do
+    elif isinstance(data, float):
+        return [data]
+    elif isinstance(data, int):
+        return [data]
+    elif isinstance(data, str):
+        return [data]
+    else:
+        try:
+            data = data.tolist()
+            return data
+        except:
+            if verbose:
+                print("not known type. Trying to cast into a list")
+            return list(data)
+
+
+def list2string(data, sep=",", space=True):
+    """Transform a list into a string
+
+    :param list data: list of items that have a string representation.
+        the input data could also be a simple object, in which case
+        it is simply returned with a cast into a string
+    :param str sep: the separator to be use
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        >>> list2string([1, 2]
+        "1, 2"
+        >>> list2string([1, 2], sep=;)
+        "1; 2"
+        >>> list2string([1, 2], sep=;, space=False)
+        "1;2"
+        >>> list2string(1, sep=;, space=False)
+        "1"
+
+    .. note:: the cast is performed with str()
+    """
+    data = to_list(data)
+    if space is True:
+        sep = sep + " "
+    res = sep.join([str(x) for x in data])
+    return res
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/config_tools.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/config_tools.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..214adcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/config_tools.py
@@ -0,0 +1,457 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2014
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://packages.python.org/easydev
+#
+##############################################################################
+try:
+    from ConfigParser import ConfigParser
+except ImportError:
+    from configparser import ConfigParser
+
+
+import os
+
+
+__all__ = ["CustomConfig", "DynamicConfigParser", "ConfigExample", "load_configfile"]
+
+#  53, 59, 64-65, 181, 260, 262, 267-270, 288-290, 329, 332-337, 340-341, 359-360, 386-388, 400-401, 406-426, 431-435
+
+
+class _DictSection(object):
+    """Dictionary section.
+
+    Reference: https://gist.github.com/dangoakachan/3855920
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, config, section):
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_config", config)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_section", section)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        return self.get(attr, None)
+
+    __getitem__ = __getattr__
+
+    def get(self, attr, default=None):
+        if attr in self:
+            return self._config.get(self._section, attr)
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            return default
+
+    def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
+        if attr.startswith("_"):
+            object.__setattr__(self, attr, value)
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            self.__setitem__(attr, value)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, attr, value):
+        if self._section not in self._config:  # pragma: no cover
+            self._config.add_section(self._section)
+
+        self._config.set(self._section, attr, str(value))
+
+    def __delattr__(self, attr):
+        if attr in self:
+            self._config.remove_option(self._section, attr)
+
+    __delitem__ = __delattr__
+
+    def __contains__(self, attr):
+        config = self._config
+        section = self._section
+
+        return config.has_section(section) and config.has_option(section, attr)
+
+
+class ConfigExample(object):
+    """Create a simple example of ConfigParser instance to play with
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> from easydev.pipeline.config import ConfigExample
+        >>> c = ConfigExample().config  # The ConfigParser instance
+        >>> assert 'General' in c.sections()
+        >>> assert 'GA' in c.sections()
+
+    This example builds up a ConfigParser instance from scratch.
+
+    This is equivalent to having the following input file::
+
+        [General]
+        verbose = True
+        tag = test
+
+        [GA]
+        popsize = 1
+
+
+    which can be read with ConfigParser as follows:
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> # Python 3 code
+        >>> from configparser import ConfigParser
+        >>> config = ConfigParser()
+        >>> config.read("file.ini")
+        []
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.config = ConfigParser()
+        self.config.add_section("General")
+        self.config.set("General", "verbose", "true")
+        self.config.add_section("GA")
+        self.config.set("GA", "popsize", "50")
+
+
+class DynamicConfigParser(ConfigParser, object):
+    """Enhanced version of Config Parser
+
+    Provide some aliases to the original ConfigParser class and
+    new methods such as :meth:`save` to save the config object in a file.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        >>> from easydev.config_tools import ConfigExample
+        >>> standard_config_file = ConfigExample().config
+        >>> c = DynamicConfigParser(standard_config_file)
+        >>>
+        >>> # then to get the sections, simply type as you would normally do with ConfigParser
+        >>> c.sections()
+        >>> # or for the options of a specific sections:
+        >>> c.get_options('General')
+
+    You can now also directly access to an option as follows::
+
+        c.General.tag
+
+    Then, you can add or remove sections (:meth:`remove_section`, :meth:`add_section`),
+    or option from a section :meth:`remove_option`. You can save the instance into a file
+    or print it::
+
+        print(c)
+
+    .. warning:: if you set options manually (e.G. self.GA.test =1 if GA is a
+        section and test one of its options), then the save/write does not work
+        at the moment even though if you typoe self.GA.test, it has the correct value
+
+
+    Methods inherited from ConfigParser are available:
+
+    ::
+
+        # set value of an option in a section
+        c.set(section, option, value=None)
+        # but with this class, you can also use the attribute
+        c.section.option = value
+
+        # set value of an option in a section
+        c.remove_option(section, option)
+        c.remove_section(section)
+
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, config_or_filename=None, *args, **kargs):
+
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_filename", config_or_filename)
+        # why not a super usage here ? Maybe there were issues related
+        # to old style class ?
+        ConfigParser.__init__(self, *args, **kargs)
+
+        if isinstance(self._filename, str) and os.path.isfile(self._filename):
+            self.read(self._filename)
+        elif isinstance(config_or_filename, ConfigParser):
+            self._replace_config(config_or_filename)
+        elif config_or_filename == None:
+            pass
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "config_or_filename must be a valid filename or valid ConfigParser instance"
+            )
+
+    def read(self, filename):
+        """Load a new config from a filename (remove all previous sections)"""
+        if os.path.isfile(filename) == False:
+            raise IOError("filename {0} not found".format(filename))
+
+        config = ConfigParser()
+        config.read(filename)
+
+        self._replace_config(config)
+
+    def _replace_config(self, config):
+        """Remove all sections and add those from the input config file
+
+        :param config:
+
+        """
+        for section in self.sections():
+            self.remove_section(section)
+
+        for section in config.sections():
+            self.add_section(section)
+            for option in config.options(section):
+                data = config.get(section, option)
+                self.set(section, option, data)
+
+    def get_options(self, section):
+        """Alias to get all options of a section in a dictionary
+
+        One would normally need to extra each option manually::
+
+            for option in config.options(section):
+                config.get(section, option, raw=True)#
+
+        then, populate a dictionary and finally take care of the types.
+
+        .. warning:: types may be changed .For instance the string "True"
+            is interpreted as a True boolean.
+
+        ..  seealso:: internally, this method uses :meth:`section2dict`
+        """
+        return self.section2dict(section)
+
+    def section2dict(self, section):
+        """utility that extract options of a ConfigParser section into a dictionary
+
+        :param ConfigParser config: a ConfigParser instance
+        :param str section: the section to extract
+
+        :returns: a dictionary where key/value contains all the
+            options/values of the section required
+
+        Let us build up  a standard config file:
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> # Python 3 code
+            >>> from configparser import ConfigParser
+            >>> c = ConfigParser()
+            >>> c.add_section('general')
+            >>> c.set('general', 'step', str(1))
+            >>> c.set('general', 'verbose', 'True')
+
+        To access to the step options, you would write::
+
+            >>> c.get('general', 'step')
+
+        this function returns a dictionary that may be manipulated as follows::
+
+            >>> d_dict.general.step
+
+        .. note:: a value (string) found to be True, Yes, true,
+            yes is transformed to True
+        .. note:: a value (string) found to be False, No, no,
+            false is transformed to False
+        .. note:: a value (string) found to be None; none,
+            "" (empty string) is set to None
+        .. note:: an integer is cast into an int
+        """
+        options = {}
+        for option in self.options(section):  # pragma no cover
+            data = self.get(section, option, raw=True)
+            if data.lower() in ["true", "yes"]:
+                options[option] = True
+            elif data.lower() in ["false", "no"]:
+                options[option] = False
+            elif data in ["None", None, "none", ""]:
+                options[option] = None
+            else:
+                try:  # numbers
+                    try:
+                        options[option] = self.getint(section, option)
+                    except:
+                        options[option] = self.getfloat(section, option)
+                except:  # string
+                    options[option] = self.get(section, option, raw=True)
+        return options
+
+    def save(self, filename):
+        """Save all sections/options to a file.
+
+        :param str filename: a valid filename
+
+        ::
+
+            config = ConfigParams('config.ini') #doctest: +SKIP
+            config.save('config2.ini') #doctest: +SKIP
+
+        """
+        try:
+            if os.path.exists(filename) == True:
+                print("Warning: over-writing %s " % filename)
+            fp = open(filename, "w")
+        except Exception as err:  # pragma: no cover
+            print(err)
+            raise Exception("filename could not be opened")
+
+        self.write(fp)
+        fp.close()
+
+    def add_option(self, section, option, value=None):
+        """add an option to an existing section (with a value)
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            >>> c = DynamicConfigParser()
+            >>> c.add_section("general")
+            >>> c.add_option("general", "verbose", True)
+        """
+        assert section in self.sections(), "unknown section"
+        # TODO I had to cast to str with DictSection
+        self.set(section, option, value=str(value))
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        str_ = ""
+        for section in self.sections():
+            str_ += "[" + section + "]\n"
+            for option in self.options(section):
+                data = self.get(section, option, raw=True)
+                str_ += option + " = " + str(data) + "\n"
+            str_ += "\n\n"
+
+        return str_
+
+    def __getattr__(self, key):
+        return _DictSection(self, key)
+
+    __getitem__ = __getattr__
+
+    def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
+        if attr.startswith("_") or attr:
+            object.__setattr__(self, attr, value)
+        else:
+            self.__setitem__(attr, value)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, attr, value):
+        if isinstance(value, dict):
+            section = self[attr]
+            for k, v in value.items():
+                section[k] = v
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("value must be a valid dictionary")
+
+    def __delattr__(self, attr):
+        if attr in self:
+            self.remove_section(attr)
+
+    def __contains__(self, attr):
+        return self.has_section(attr)
+
+    def __eq__(self, data):
+        # FIXME if you read file, the string "True" is a string
+        # but you may want it to be converted to a True boolean value
+        if sorted(data.sections()) != sorted(self.sections()):
+            print("Sections differ")
+            return False
+        for section in self.sections():
+
+            for option in self.options(section):
+                try:
+                    if str(self.get(section, option, raw=True)) != str(
+                        data.get(section, option, raw=True)
+                    ):
+                        print("option %s in section %s differ" % (option, section))
+                        return False
+                except:  # pragma: no cover
+                    return False
+        return True
+
+
+class CustomConfig(object):
+    """Base class to manipulate a config directory"""
+
+    def __init__(self, name, verbose=False):
+        self.verbose = verbose
+        from easydev import appdirs
+
+        self.appdirs = appdirs.AppDirs(name)
+
+    def init(self):
+        sdir = self.appdirs.user_config_dir
+        self._get_and_create(sdir)
+
+    def _get_config_dir(self):
+        sdir = self.appdirs.user_config_dir
+        return self._get_and_create(sdir)
+
+    user_config_dir = property(
+        _get_config_dir, doc="return directory of this configuration file"
+    )
+
+    def _get_and_create(self, sdir):
+        if not os.path.exists(sdir):
+            print("Creating directory %s " % sdir)
+            try:
+                self._mkdirs(sdir)
+            except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+                print("Could not create the path %s " % sdir)
+                return None
+        return sdir
+
+    def _mkdirs(self, newdir, mode=0o777):
+        """See :func:`easydev.tools.mkdirs`"""
+        from easydev.tools import mkdirs
+
+        mkdirs(newdir, mode)
+
+    def remove(self):
+        try:
+            sdir = self.appdirs.user_config_dir
+            os.rmdir(sdir)
+        except Exception as err:  # pragma: no cover
+            raise Exception(err)
+
+
+def _load_configfile(configpath):  # pragma: no cover
+    "Tries to load a JSON or YAML file into a dict."
+    try:
+        with open(configpath) as f:
+            try:
+                import json
+
+                return json.load(f)
+            except ValueError:
+                f.seek(0)  # try again
+            try:
+                import yaml
+            except ImportError:
+                raise IOError(
+                    "Config file is not valid JSON and PyYAML "
+                    "has not been installed. Please install "
+                    "PyYAML to use YAML config files."
+                )
+            try:
+                return yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
+            except yaml.YAMLError:
+                raise IOError(
+                    "Config file is not valid JSON or YAML. "
+                    "In case of YAML, make sure to not mix "
+                    "whitespace and tab indentation."
+                )
+    except Exception as err:
+        raise (err)
+
+
+def load_configfile(configpath):
+    "Loads a JSON or YAML configfile as a dict."
+    config = _load_configfile(configpath)
+    if not isinstance(config, dict):
+        raise IOError(
+            "Config file must be given as JSON or YAML " "with keys at top level."
+        )
+    return config
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/console.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/console.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec8a59f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/console.py
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#  It is a modified version of console.py from the sphinx software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2014
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://packages.python.org/easydev
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""Format colored consoled output. Modified from sphinx.util.console"""
+import os
+import sys
+import platform
+
+__all__ = ["color_terminal", "get_terminal_width", "term_width_line"]
+
+
+try:
+    plf = platform.platform.lower()
+    if plf.starstwith("win"):  # pragma: no cover
+        import colorama
+
+        colorama.init()
+except AttributeError:
+    pass
+
+# colors and other functions from the attributes codes are added dynamically to
+# this __all__ variable
+codes = {}
+
+
+def get_terminal_width():
+    """Returns the current terminal width"""
+    try:
+        import termios, fcntl, struct
+
+        call = fcntl.ioctl(0, termios.TIOCGWINSZ, struct.pack("hhhh", 0, 0, 0, 0))
+        _, width = struct.unpack("hhhh", call)[:2]
+        terminal_width = width
+    except (SystemExit, KeyboardInterrupt):  # pragma: no cover
+        raise
+    except:
+        # FALLBACK
+        terminal_width = int(os.environ.get("COLUMNS", 80)) - 1
+    return terminal_width
+
+
+def term_width_line(text):
+    """prints pruned version of the input text (limited to terminal width)
+
+    :param str text:
+    :return str text:
+    """
+    _tw = get_terminal_width()
+    if not codes:
+        # if no coloring, don't output fancy backspaces
+        return text + "\n"
+    else:
+        return text.ljust(_tw) + "\r"
+
+
+def color_terminal():
+    """Does terminal allows coloring
+
+    :return: boolean"""
+    if not hasattr(sys.stdout, "isatty"):
+        return False
+    if not sys.stdout.isatty():
+        return False
+    if "COLORTERM" in os.environ:  # pragma: no cover
+        return True
+    term = os.environ.get("TERM", "dumb").lower()
+    if term in ("xterm", "linux") or "color" in term:
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def __nocolor():  # pragma: no cover
+    """set color codes off"""
+    codes.clear()
+
+
+def __coloron():  # pragma: no cover
+    """Set color codes on"""
+    codes.update(_orig_codes)
+
+
+def _colorize(name, text):
+    return codes.get(name, "") + text + codes.get("reset", "")
+
+
+def _create_color_func(name):
+    def inner(text):
+        return _colorize(name, text)
+
+    globals()[name] = inner
+
+
+_attrs = {
+    "reset": "39;49;00m",
+    "bold": "01m",
+    "faint": "02m",
+    "standout": "03m",
+    "underline": "04m",
+    "blink": "05m",
+}
+
+for _name, _value in _attrs.items():
+    codes[_name] = "\x1b[" + _value
+
+_colors = [
+    ("black", "darkgray"),
+    ("darkred", "red"),
+    ("darkgreen", "green"),
+    ("brown", "yellow"),
+    ("darkblue", "blue"),
+    ("purple", "fuchsia"),
+    ("turquoise", "teal"),
+    ("lightgray", "white"),
+]
+
+for i, (dark, light) in enumerate(_colors):
+    codes[dark] = "\x1b[%im" % (i + 30)
+    codes[light] = "\x1b[%i;01m" % (i + 30)
+
+_orig_codes = codes.copy()
+
+for _name in codes:
+    _create_color_func(_name)
+
+# dynamically set the colors
+for x in codes.keys():
+    __all__.append(x)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/copybutton.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/copybutton.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cab51f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/copybutton.py
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2014
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://packages.python.org/easydev
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""This module is a copy of a sphinx extension. unknown origin.
+
+    added by Thomas Cokelaer: get_copybutton_path function.
+
+    Create a sphinx extension based on copybutton javascript from python website
+
+Requires sphinx to be installed. imports are inside functions so not stricly
+speaking required for the installation.
+"""
+import os
+from os.path import join as pj
+import shutil
+
+try:
+    from docutils import nodes
+except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+    # if docutils is not installed
+    class Dummy:
+        SkipNode = Exception
+
+    nodes = Dummy()
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "get_copybutton_path",
+]
+
+
+def copy_javascript_into_static_path(static="_static", filepath="copybutton.js"):
+    """This script can be included in a sphinx configuration file to copy the
+    copybutton in the static directory
+
+    :param str static: name of the static path (_static by default)
+    :param filename: full path of the file to copy
+
+    :Details: If the path *static* does not exists, it is created. If the
+        filename in filepath is already in the path *static*, nothing need to be done.
+        Otherwise, the file is copied in *static* directory.
+
+    """
+    if os.path.isdir(static):
+        pass
+    else:
+        os.mkdir(static)
+
+    filename = os.path.split(filepath)[1]
+    if os.path.isfile(static + os.sep + filename):
+        pass
+    else:
+        shutil.copy(filepath, static + os.sep + filename)
+
+
+def get_copybutton_path():
+    """Return the path where the to find the copybutton javascript
+
+    Copy the copybutton.js javascript in the share directory of easydev so
+    that it is accesible by all packages that required it by typing:
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from easydev import get_copybutton_path
+        >>> p = get_copybutton_path()
+
+    It can then be added with a Sphinx configuration file::
+
+        jscopybutton_path = easydev.copybutton.get_copybutton_path()
+
+    """
+    import easydev
+
+    try:  # install mode
+        packagedir = easydev.__path__[0]
+        packagedir = os.path.realpath(pj(packagedir, "share"))
+        os.listdir(packagedir)  # if this faisl, we are in deve mode
+    except OSError:  # pragma: no cover
+        try:
+            packagedir = easydev.__path__[0]
+            packagedir = os.path.realpath(pj(packagedir, "..", "share"))
+        except:
+            raise IOError("could not find data directory")
+    return pj(packagedir, "copybutton.js")
+
+
+def setup(app):  # pragma: no cover
+    cwd = os.getcwd()
+
+    # From Sphinx, we typing "make html", this is the place where we expect
+    # the JS to be found
+    staticpath = os.sep.join([cwd, "source", "_static"])
+    from easydev.tools import mkdirs
+
+    mkdirs(staticpath)
+    if os.path.exists(staticpath + os.sep + "copybutton.js"):
+        pass  # the JS file is already there.
+    else:
+        # Not found, so let us copy it
+        import shutil
+
+        shutil.copy(get_copybutton_path(), staticpath)
+
+    # Now that the file is available, use it
+    app.add_js_file("copybutton.js")
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/decorators.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/decorators.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..880fdf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/decorators.py
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2012-2014 -
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer (cokelaer, gmail.com)
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  website: http://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""Handy decorators"""
+from functools import wraps
+import threading
+
+__all__ = ["ifpylab", "requires", "ifpandas"]
+
+
+# decorator with arguments and optional arguments for a method
+def _require(*args_deco, **kwds_deco):
+    """Decorator for class method to check if an attribute exist
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        from easydev.decorators import require
+
+        class Test(object):
+            def __init__(self):
+               self.m = 1
+            @require('m', "set the m attribute first")
+            def print(self):
+                print self.m
+        t = Test()
+        t.print()
+
+
+    .. todo:: first argument could be a list
+    """
+    if len(args_deco) != 2:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "require decorator expects 2 parameter. First one is"
+            + "the required attribute. Second one is an error message."
+        )
+    attribute = args_deco[0]
+    msg = args_deco[1]
+
+    if len(attribute.split(".")) > 2:
+        raise AttributeError(
+            "This version of require decorator introspect only 2 levels"
+        )
+
+    def decorator(func):
+        # func: function object of decorated method; has
+        # useful info like f.func_name for the name of
+        # the decorated method.
+
+        def newf(*args, **kwds):
+            # This code will be executed in lieu of the
+            # method you've decorated.  You can call the
+            # decorated method via f(_args, _kwds).
+            names = attribute.split(".")
+
+            if len(names) == 1:
+                if hasattr(args[0], attribute):
+                    return func(*args, **kwds)
+                else:
+                    raise AttributeError("%s not found. %s" % (names, msg))
+            elif len(names) == 2:
+                if hasattr(getattr(args[0], names[0]), names[1]):
+                    return func(*args, **kwds)
+                else:
+                    raise AttributeError("%s not found. %s" % (names, msg))
+
+        newf.__name__ = func.__name__
+        newf.__doc__ = func.__doc__
+        return newf
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+# for book keeping, could be useful:
+"""
+def _blocking(not_avail):
+    def blocking(f, *args, **kw):
+        if not hasattr(f, "thread"):
+            # no thread running
+            def set_result():
+                f.result = f(*args, **kw)
+            f.thread = threading.Thread(None, set_result)
+            f.thread.start()
+            return not_avail
+        elif f.thread.isAlive():
+            return not_avail
+        else:
+            # the thread is ended, return the stored result
+            del f.thread
+            return f.result
+    return blocking
+"""
+
+# same as require decorator but works with list of stirngs of
+# single string and uses the functools utilities
+def requires(requires, msg=""):
+    """Decorator for class method to check if an attribute exist
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from easydev.decorators import requires
+        >>> class Test(object):
+        ...     def __init__(self):
+        ...         self.m = 1
+        ...         self.x = 1
+        ...     @requires(['m','x'], "set the m attribute first")
+        ...     def printthis(self):
+        ...         print(self.m+self.x)
+        >>> t = Test()
+        >>> t.printthis()
+        2
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(requires, str):
+        requires = [requires]
+    elif isinstance(requires, list) == False:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "First argument of the /requires/ decorator must be a"
+            + "string or list of string representing the required attributes"
+            + "to be found in your class. Second argument is a "
+            + "complementary message. "
+        )
+
+    def actualDecorator(f):
+        @wraps(f)
+        def wrapper(*args, **kwds):
+            for require in requires:
+                if hasattr(args[0], require) == False:
+                    raise AttributeError(
+                        "{} not found in {}. ".format(require, args[0]) + msg
+                    )
+            return f(*args, **kwds)
+
+        return wrapper
+
+    return actualDecorator
+
+
+# could be a macro maybe
+
+
+def ifpandas(func):
+    """check if pandas is available. If so, just return
+    the function, otherwise returns dumming function
+    that does nothing
+
+    """
+
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwds):
+        return func(*args, **kwds)
+
+    try:
+        import pandas
+
+        return wrapper
+    except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+
+        def dummy():
+            pass
+
+        return dummy
+
+
+def ifpylab(func):
+    """check if pylab is available. If so, just return
+    the function, otherwise returns dumming function
+    that does nothing
+    """
+    # for functions
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwds):
+        return func(*args, **kwds)
+
+    # for methods
+    try:
+        import pylab
+
+        return wrapper
+    except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+
+        def dummy():
+            pass
+
+        return dummy
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/dependencies.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/dependencies.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b59ef2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/dependencies.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+# $:Id $
+
+import pkg_resources
+
+
+__all__ = ["get_dependencies"]
+
+
+def get_dependencies(pkgname):
+    """Return dependencies of a package as a sorted list
+
+    :param str pkgname: package name
+    :return: list (empty list if no dependencies)
+    """
+    try:
+        res = pkg_resources.require(pkgname)
+        res = list(set(res))
+        res.sort()
+        return res
+    except Exception:
+        return []
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/doc.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/doc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c12ceb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/doc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""Module related to documentation
+
+
+.. testsetup::
+
+    from easydev.doc import *
+
+"""
+__all__ = ["underline"]
+
+
+def underline(text, symbol="="):
+    """Underlines a string with a specific character
+
+    :param str text: the text to underline
+    :param str symbol: the character to be used to underline the text
+    :return: underlined text.
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> print(underline("test"))
+        test
+        ====
+
+    """
+    length = len(text)
+    return text + "\n" + length * symbol
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/easytest.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/easytest.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5744fec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/easytest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2014
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://packages.python.org/easydev
+#
+##############################################################################
+# $:Id $
+
+import tempfile
+
+__all__ = ["assert_list_almost_equal", "trysetattr", "TempFile"]
+
+# from easydev.decorators import ifpandas
+
+
+def assert_list_almost_equal(first, second, places=None, deltas=None):
+    """Combined version nose.tools.assert_almost_equal and assert_list_equal
+
+    This function checks that 2 lists contain identical items.
+    The equality between pair of items is checked with assert_almost_equal
+    function, which means you can check for the places argument
+
+    .. note:: there may be already some tools to
+        check that either in nosetests or unittest
+        but could not find.
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from easydev.easytest import assert_list_almost_equal
+        >>> assert_list_almost_equal([0,0,1], [0,0,0.9999], places=3)
+        >>> assert_list_almost_equal([0,0,1], [0,0,0.9999], deltas=1e-4)
+
+    """
+    if places:
+        deltas = 10 ** -(places - 1)
+
+    if deltas:
+        for x, y in zip(first, second):
+            if abs(x - y) > deltas:
+                raise ValueError
+
+
+def trysetattr(this, attrname, value, possible):
+    """A common test pattern: try to set a non-writable attribute
+
+    ::
+
+        class A(object):
+            def __init__(self):
+                self._a = 1
+                self._b = 2
+            def _get_a(self):
+                return self._a
+            def _set_a(self, value):
+                self._a = value
+            a = property(_get_a, _get_b)
+            def _get_b(self):
+                return self._b
+            b = property(_get_b)
+
+        >>> o = A()
+        >>> trysetattr(A, "a", 1, possible=True)
+        >>> trysetattr(A, "b", 1, False)
+        AssertionError
+
+    """
+    if possible == True:
+        a1 = True
+        a2 = False
+    else:
+        a1 = False
+        a2 = True
+    try:
+        setattr(this, attrname, value)
+        assert a1  # if the setattr is possible, this should be True
+    except Exception:
+        assert a2
+
+
+class TempFile(object):
+    """A small wrapper around tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile function
+
+    ::
+
+        f = TempFile(suffix="csv")
+        f.name
+        f.delete() # alias to delete=False and close() calls
+
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, suffix="", dir=None):
+        self.temp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=suffix, delete=False, dir=dir)
+
+    def delete(self):
+        try:
+            self.temp._closer.delete = True
+        except:  # pragma: no cover
+            self.temp.delete = True
+        self.temp.close()
+
+    def _get_name(self):
+        return self.temp.name
+
+    name = property(_get_name)
+
+    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
+        try:
+            self.delete()
+        except AttributeError:  # pragma: no cover
+            pass
+        finally:
+            self.delete()
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/logging_tools.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/logging_tools.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bf63ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/logging_tools.py
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2012-2014
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#
+##############################################################################
+# import logging
+import colorlog
+
+__all__ = ["Logging"]
+
+
+colors = {
+    "DEBUG": "cyan",
+    "INFO": "green",
+    "WARNING": "yellow",
+    "ERROR": "red",
+    "CRITICAL": "bold_red",
+}
+
+
+class Logging(object):
+    """logging utility.
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> l = Logging("root", "INFO")
+        >>> l.info("test")
+        INFO:root:test
+        >>> l.level = "WARNING"
+        >>> l.info("test")
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name="root", level="WARNING", text_color="blue"):
+        self._name = name
+        self.formatter = colorlog.ColoredFormatter(
+            "%(log_color)s%(levelname)-8s[%(name)s:%(lineno)d]: %(reset)s %({})s%(message)s".format(
+                text_color
+            ),
+            datefmt=None,
+            reset=True,
+            log_colors=colors,
+            secondary_log_colors={},
+            style="%",
+        )
+        self._set_name(name)
+
+        logger = colorlog.getLogger(self._name)
+        handler = colorlog.StreamHandler()
+        handler.setFormatter(self.formatter)
+        logger.addHandler(handler)
+
+    def _set_name(self, name):
+        level = self.level
+        self._name = name
+        logger = colorlog.getLogger(self._name)
+        if level == 0:
+            self._set_level("WARNING")
+        else:
+            self._set_level(level)
+
+    def _get_name(self):
+        return self._name
+
+    name = property(_get_name, _set_name)
+
+    def _set_level(self, level):
+        if isinstance(level, bool):
+            if level is True:
+                level = "INFO"
+            if level is False:
+                level = "ERROR"
+        if level == 10:
+            level = "DEBUG"
+        if level == 20:
+            level = "INFO"
+        if level == 30:
+            level = "WARNING"
+        if level == 40:
+            level = "ERROR"
+        if level == 50:
+            level = "CRITICAL"
+        colorlog.getLogger(self.name).setLevel(level)
+
+    def _get_level(self):
+        level = colorlog.getLogger(self.name).level
+        if level == 10:
+            return "DEBUG"
+        elif level == 20:
+            return "INFO"
+        elif level == 30:
+            return "WARNING"
+        elif level == 40:
+            return "ERROR"
+        elif level == 50:
+            return "CRITICAL"
+        else:
+            return level
+
+    level = property(_get_level, _set_level)
+
+    def debug(self, msg):
+        colorlog.getLogger(self.name).debug(msg)
+
+    def info(self, msg):
+        colorlog.getLogger(self.name).info(msg)
+
+    def warning(self, msg):
+        colorlog.getLogger(self.name).warning(msg)
+
+    def critical(self, msg):
+        colorlog.getLogger(self.name).critical(msg)
+
+    def error(self, msg):
+        colorlog.getLogger(self.name).error(msg)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/md5tools.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/md5tools.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b259d91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/md5tools.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""md5 utility"""
+import hashlib
+
+
+def md5(fname, chunk=65536):
+    """Return the MD5 checksums of a file
+
+    Takes about 25 seconds on a 8Gb file.
+    """
+    hash_md5 = hashlib.md5()
+    with open(fname, "rb") as f:
+        for this in iter(lambda: f.read(chunk), b""):
+            hash_md5.update(this)
+    return hash_md5.hexdigest()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/misc.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/misc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a12919
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/misc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+import os
+
+
+__all__ = ["get_home", "cmd_exists"]
+
+
+def get_home():
+    """Return path of the HOME"""
+    # This function should be robust
+    # First, let us try with expanduser
+    try:
+        homedir = os.path.expanduser("~")
+    except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+        # This may happen.
+        pass
+    else:
+        if os.path.isdir(homedir):
+            return homedir
+    # Then, with getenv
+    for this in ("HOME", "USERPROFILE", "TMP"):  # pragma: no cover
+        # getenv is same as os.environ.get
+        homedir = os.environ.get(this)
+        if homedir is not None and os.path.isdir(homedir):
+            return homedir
+
+
+def cmd_exists(cmd):
+    """Return true if the command do exists in the environement"""
+    try:
+        import subprocess
+
+        # for unix/max only
+        result = subprocess.call(
+            "type " + cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE
+        )
+        if result == 0:
+            return True
+        else:
+            return False
+    except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
+        # If subprocess is not found, we assume it exists.
+        # This choice ensure that if it fails, we keep going.
+        return True
+
+
+def in_ipynb():
+    """Checks if we are in an ipython notebook
+
+    :return: True if in an ipython notebook otherwise returns False
+
+    """
+    try:  # pragma: no cover
+        cfg = get_ipython().config
+        if (
+            "parent_appname" in cfg["IPKernelApp"].keys()
+            and cfg["IPKernelApp"]["parent_appname"] == "ipython-notebook"
+        ):
+            return True
+        elif "connection_file" in cfg["IPKernelApp"].keys():
+            if "jupyter" in cfg["IPKernelApp"]["connection_file"]:
+                return True
+        return False
+    except NameError:  # pragma: no cover
+        return False
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/multicore.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/multicore.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc0e839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/multicore.py
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+import time
+from multiprocessing import cpu_count, Process, Queue, Pool
+
+__all__ = ["MultiProcessing"]
+
+
+class MultiProcessing(object):
+    """Class to run jobs in an asynchronous manner.
+
+    You would use this class to run several jobs on a local computer that has
+    several cpus.
+
+
+    ::
+
+        t = MultiProcessing(maxcpu=2)
+        t.add_job(func, func_args)
+        t.run()
+        t.results[0] # contain returned object from the function *func*.
+
+
+    .. warning:: the function must be a function, not a method. This is inherent
+        to multiprocess in the multiprocessing module.
+
+    .. warning:: the order in the results list may not be the same as the
+        list of jobs. see :meth:`run` for details
+
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, maxcpu=None, verbose=False, progress=True):
+        """
+
+        :param maxcpu: default returned by multiprocessing.cpu_count()
+        :param verbose: print the output of each job. Could be very verbose
+            so we advice to keep it False.
+        :param progress: shows the progress
+
+
+        """
+        if maxcpu == None:
+            maxcpu = cpu_count()
+
+        self.maxcpu = maxcpu
+        self.reset()
+        self.verbose = verbose
+        self.progress = progress
+
+    def reset(self):
+        """remove joves and results"""
+        self.jobs = []  # a list of processes
+        self.results = Queue()  # the results to append
+
+    def add_job(self, func, *args, **kargs):
+        """add a job in the pool"""
+        if self.verbose:
+            print(
+                "Adding jobs in the queue..",
+            )
+        t = Process(target=func, args=args, kwargs=kargs)
+        self.jobs.append(t)
+
+    def _cb(self, results):
+        if self.verbose is True:
+            print("callback", results)
+        if self.progress is True:
+            self.pb.animate(len(self.results) + 1)
+        self.results.append(results)
+
+    def run(self, delay=0.1, verbose=True):
+        """Run all the jobs in the Pool until all have finished.
+
+        Jobs that have been added to the job list in :meth:`add_job`
+        are now processed in this method by using a Pool. Here, we add
+        all jobs using the apply_async method from multiprocess module.
+
+        In order to ensure that the jobs are run sequentially in the same
+        order as in :attr:`jobs`, we introduce a delay between 2 calls
+        to apply_async (see http://docs.python.org/2/library/multiprocessing.html)
+
+        A better way may be t use a Manager but for now, this works.
+
+        """
+        from easydev import Progress
+
+        if self.progress is True:
+            self.pb = Progress(len(self.jobs), 1)
+            self.pb.animate(0)
+
+        def init_worker():
+            import signal
+
+            signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_IGN)
+
+        self.results = []
+        self.pool = Pool(self.maxcpu, init_worker)
+
+        for process in self.jobs:
+            self.pool.apply_async(
+                process._target, process._args, process._kwargs, callback=self._cb
+            )
+
+            # ensure the results have same order as jobs
+            # maybe important if you expect the order of the results to
+            # be the same as inut; otherwise set delay to 0
+            time.sleep(delay)
+
+        try:
+            while True:
+                time.sleep(1)
+                # check if all processes are finished.
+                # if so, finished.
+                count = len(self.results)
+                if count == len(self.jobs):
+                    break
+
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:  # pragma: no cover
+            print(
+                "\nCaught interruption. " + "Terminating the Pool of processes... ",
+            )
+            self.pool.terminate()
+            self.pool.join()
+            print("... done")
+        else:
+            # Closing properly the pool
+            self.pool.close()
+            self.pool.join()
+
+        # Pool cannot be pickled. So, if we want to pickel "MultiProcessing"
+        # class itself, we must desctroy this instance
+        del self.pool
+
+        self.finished = True
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/options.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/options.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..251ebf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/options.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+import argparse
+
+
+__all__ = ["SmartFormatter"]
+
+
+class SmartFormatter(argparse.HelpFormatter):
+    """Formatter to be used with argparse ArgumentParser
+
+    When using the argparse Python module one can design
+    standalone applications with arguments (e.g; --help, --verbose...)
+
+    One can easily define the help as well. However, The help message
+    is wrapped by ArgumentParser, removing all formatting in the process.
+    The reason being that  the entire documentation is consistent.
+
+    Sometines, one want to keep the format. This class can be used to
+    do that.
+
+    Example::
+
+        import argparse
+        from easydev import SmartFormatter
+        class Options(argparse.ArgumentParser):
+        def  __init__(self, prog="sequana"):
+            usage = "blabla"
+            description="blabla"
+            super(Options, self).__init__(usage=usage, prog=prog,
+                description=description,
+                formatter_class=SmartFormatter)
+
+    """
+
+    def _split_lines(self, text, width):
+        if text.startswith("FORMAT|"):
+            return text[7:].splitlines()
+        # this is the RawTextHelpFormatter._split_lines
+        return argparse.HelpFormatter._split_lines(self, text, width)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/paths.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/paths.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8fc758e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/paths.py
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+##############################################################################
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+# $:Id $
+"""Utilities to ease access to share data paths"""
+import os
+from os.path import join as pj
+import pkg_resources
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "get_shared_directory_path",
+    "get_shared_directories",
+    "get_share_file",
+    "gsf",
+    "get_package_location",
+]
+
+
+def get_package_location(package):
+    """Return physical location of a package"""
+    try:
+        info = pkg_resources.get_distribution(package)
+        location = info.location
+    except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound as err:
+        print("package provided (%s) not installed." % package)
+        raise
+    return location
+
+
+def get_shared_directory_path(package):
+    """Returns the share directory path of an installed package
+
+
+    ::
+
+        sharedir = get_shared_directory_path("easydev")
+
+
+    """
+    location = get_package_location(package)
+
+    # print("install  mode ? ")
+    sharedir = os.path.realpath(pj(location, package, "share"))
+    if os.path.isdir(sharedir) == True:
+        # looks like we have found the share directory so it is an install mode
+        # print ("yes")
+        return sharedir
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        # print("no. searching for share dir as if in develop mode")
+        # let us try a couple of directories
+        # FIXME: do we need the 3 cases ??
+        # probably just 2 are required, one for develop and one for install mode
+        sharedir = os.path.realpath(pj(location, "..", "share"))
+        if os.path.isdir(sharedir) == True:
+            return sharedir
+        sharedir = os.path.realpath(pj(location, "..", "..", "share"))
+        if os.path.isdir(sharedir) == True:
+            return sharedir
+        sharedir = os.path.realpath(pj(location, "..", "..", "..", "share"))
+        if os.path.isdir(sharedir) == True:
+            return sharedir
+        # could not be found,
+        sharedir = []
+        print("could not find any share directory in %s" % package)
+
+    return sharedir
+
+
+def get_shared_directories(package, datadir="data"):
+    """Returns all directory paths found in the package share/datadir directory
+
+    :param str datadir: scans package/share/<datadir> where datadir is "data" by
+        default. If it does not exists, the list returned is empty.
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from easydev import get_shared_directories
+        >>> shared_directories = get_shared_directories("easydev", "themes")
+        >>> len(shared_directories)>=2
+        True
+
+    """
+    packagedir = get_shared_directory_path(package)
+    if len(packagedir) == 0:  # pragma: no cover
+        return []
+    packagedir = pj(packagedir, datadir)
+    directories = os.listdir(packagedir)
+
+    # get rid of .svn (for the packages installed with develop)
+    directories_to_process = []
+    for directory in directories:
+        fullpath = os.path.join(packagedir, directory)
+        if directory != ".svn" and os.path.isdir(fullpath):
+            directories_to_process.append(fullpath)
+    directories_to_process.sort()
+    return directories_to_process
+
+
+def gsf(package, datadir, filename):
+    return get_share_file(package, datadir, filename)
+
+
+def get_share_file(package, datadir, filename):
+    """Creates the full path of a file to be found in the share directory of a package"""
+    packagedir = get_shared_directory_path(package)
+    fullpath = os.path.join(packagedir, datadir)
+    # check that it exists
+    if os.path.isdir(fullpath) == False:  # pragma: no cover
+        raise ValueError(
+            "The directory %s in package %s does not seem to exist"
+            % (packagedir, fullpath)
+        )
+    filename_path = os.path.join(fullpath, filename)
+    if os.path.isfile(filename_path) == False:
+        correct_files = [x for x in os.listdir(fullpath) if os.path.isfile(x)]
+        msg = "The file %s does not exists. Correct filenames found in %s/%s are:\n" % (
+            filename_path,
+            package,
+            datadir,
+        )
+        for f in correct_files:  # pragma: no cover
+            msg += "%s\n" % f
+
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+    return filename_path
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/platform.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/platform.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d759088
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/platform.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+from __future__ import absolute_import  # avoids conflict with standard module
+import os
+import sys
+
+__all__ = ["get_platform"]
+
+
+def get_platform():  # pragma: no cover
+    """Identify the platform (Linux/windows/Mac)
+
+    The folloing modules/functions can be used to identify the platform:
+    platform, sys.platform, os.name, os.environ. We use platform and return
+    the content of platform.system. If it does not work, sys.platform is used
+    and sys.platform output interpreted: linux, java, win and darwin are
+    searched for and returned aas Linux, Java, Windows, Darwin to be consistent
+    with the output of platform.syste. If those strings are not found,
+    just return the output of sys.platform.
+
+    :return: 'Linux' or 'Windows' or 'Darwin', 'Java' if platform
+        can be determined otherwise, the content of sys.platform()
+
+    """
+    print("//easydev.get_platform() Will be deprecated in future version of easydev")
+    try:
+        platform = plf.system()
+        return platform
+    except:
+        # platform is not available under all systems (e.g., WLST tool
+        # see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1854/python-what-os-am-i-running-on
+        # so, let us try sys.platform
+        platform = sys.platform
+        if platform.startswith("linux"):
+            platform = "Linux"
+        elif platform.startswith("java"):
+            platform = "Java"
+        elif platform.startswith("win"):
+            platform = "Windows"
+        elif platform.startswith("darwin"):
+            platform = "Darwin"
+        else:
+            print("platform not parsed. Return raw value of sys.platform.")
+    return platform
+
+
+def is_windows():
+    if get_platform() == "Windows":
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
+def is_linux():
+    if get_platform() == "Linux":
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
+def is_mac():
+    if get_platform() == "Mac":
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/profiler.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/profiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de6e079
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/profiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""
+
+Usage::
+
+    from easydev import do_profile
+    @do_profile()
+    def test():
+        x = 1
+        x *= x
+        return x
+
+# source: https://zapier.com/engineering/profiling-python-boss/
+
+
+Requires line_profiler to be installed. line_profiler has C code and we wish
+easydev to be as simple as possible. So, we do not want compiled code dependencies.
+Consequently, we added line_profiler in the extra_requires instead of requires
+in the setup.py One must install line_profiler itself.
+"""
+
+__all__ = ["do_profile"]
+
+try:
+    from line_profiler import LineProfiler
+
+    def do_profile(follow=[]):
+        def inner(func):
+            def profiled_func(*args, **kwargs):
+                try:
+                    profiler = LineProfiler()
+                    profiler.add_function(func)
+                    for f in follow:
+                        profiler.add_function(f)
+                    profiler.enable_by_count()
+                    return func(*args, **kwargs)
+                finally:
+                    profiler.print_stats()
+
+            return profiled_func
+
+        return inner
+
+
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def do_profile(follow=[]):
+        "Helpful if you accidentally leave in production!"
+        print(
+            "easydev warning:: line_profiler does not seem to be installed. "
+            + "Type 'pip install line_profiler'"
+        )
+
+        def inner(func):
+            def nothing(*args, **kwargs):
+                return func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+            return nothing
+
+        return inner
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/progressbar.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/progressbar.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea973ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/progressbar.py
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""A progress bar copied and adapted from pyMC code (dec 2014)"""
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import sys
+import time
+import uuid
+
+
+try:
+    from IPython.core.display import HTML, Javascript, display
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    pass
+
+
+__all__ = ["progress_bar", "TextProgressBar", "Progress"]
+
+
+class ProgressBar(object):
+    def __init__(self, iterations, interval=None):
+        self.iterations = iterations
+        # if no interval provided, set it to 1%
+        if interval is None:
+            if iterations <= 100:
+                interval = 1  # everything % of the data
+            else:
+                interval = int(iterations / 100)
+        self.interval = interval
+        self.start = time.time()
+        self.last = 0
+
+    def _percentage(self, i):
+        if self.iterations != 0:
+            return 100 * i / float(self.iterations)
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            # could be 100 ?
+            return 100
+
+    def _get_elapsed(self):
+        return time.time() - self.start
+
+    elapsed = property(_get_elapsed)
+
+
+class TextProgressBar(ProgressBar):
+    """Use :class:`Progress`"""
+
+    def __init__(self, iterations, printer, width=40, interval=None):
+        self.fill_char = "-"
+        self.width = width
+        self.printer = printer
+        ProgressBar.__init__(self, iterations, interval=interval)
+
+    def animate(self, i, dummy=None):
+        # dummy=None is for back-compatibility
+        if dummy is not None:  # pragma: no cover
+            print(
+                "second argument in easydev.progress_bar.animate is deprecated. Update your code"
+            )
+        # +1 if i starts at 0 and finishes at N-1
+        if divmod(i, self.interval)[1] != 0 and i != self.iterations:
+            pass
+        else:
+            self.printer(self.progbar(i))
+
+    def progbar(self, i):
+        # +1 if i starts at 0 and finishes at N-1
+        bar = self.bar(self._percentage(i))
+        return "[%s] %i of %i complete in %.1f sec" % (
+            bar,
+            (i),
+            self.iterations,
+            round(self.elapsed, 1),
+        )
+
+    def bar(self, percent):
+        all_full = self.width - 2
+        num_hashes = int(percent / 100 * all_full)
+
+        bar = self.fill_char * num_hashes + " " * (all_full - num_hashes)
+
+        info = "%d%%" % percent
+        loc = (len(bar) - len(info)) // 2
+        return replace_at(bar, info, loc, loc + len(info))
+
+
+def replace_at(str, new, start, stop):
+    return str[:start] + new + str[stop:]
+
+
+def consoleprint(s):
+    if sys.platform.lower().startswith("win"):
+        print(s, "\r", end="")
+    else:
+        print("\r", s, end="")
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+
+
+def ipythonprint(s):  # pragma no cover
+    print("\r", s, end="")
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+
+class IPythonNotebookPB(ProgressBar):  # pragma: no cover
+    """Use :class:`Progress`"""
+
+    def __init__(self, iterations, interval=None):
+        self.divid = str(uuid.uuid4())
+        self.sec_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
+
+        pb = HTML(
+            """
+            <div style="float: left; border: 1px solid black; width:500px">
+              <div id="%s" style="background-color:blue; width:0%%">&nbsp;</div>
+            </div>
+            <label id="%s" style="padding-left: 10px;" text = ""/>
+            """
+            % (self.divid, self.sec_id)
+        )
+        display(pb)
+
+        ProgressBar.__init__(self, iterations, interval=interval)
+
+    def animate(self, i, dummy=None):
+        if dummy is not None:
+            print(
+                "second argument in easydev.progress_bar.animate is deprecated. Update your code"
+            )
+
+        # +1 if i starts at 0 and finishes at N-1
+        if divmod(i, self.interval)[1] != 0 and i != self.iterations:
+            pass
+        else:
+            percentage = self._percentage(i)
+            fraction = percentage
+            display(Javascript("$('div#%s').width('%i%%')" % (self.divid, percentage)))
+            display(
+                Javascript(
+                    "$('label#%s').text('%i%% in %.1f sec')"
+                    % (self.sec_id, fraction, round(self.elapsed, 1))
+                )
+            )
+
+
+def _run_from_ipython():
+    try:
+        __IPYTHON__
+        return True
+    except NameError:
+        return False
+
+
+def progress_bar(iters, interval=None):
+    """A progress bar for Python/IPython/IPython notebook
+
+    :param int iters: number of iterations (steps in the loop)
+    :param interval: number of intervals to use to update the progress bar (20
+        by default)
+
+
+    ::
+
+        from easydev import progress_bar
+        pb = progress_bar(10)
+        for i in range(1,10):
+            import time
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+            pb.animate(i)
+
+    """
+    if _run_from_ipython():  # pragma: no cover
+        from easydev.misc import in_ipynb
+
+        if in_ipynb() is True:
+            return IPythonNotebookPB(iters, interval=interval)
+        else:
+            return TextProgressBar(iters, printer=ipythonprint, interval=interval)
+    else:
+        return TextProgressBar(iters, printer=consoleprint, interval=interval)
+
+
+class Progress(object):
+    """Generic progress bar for python, IPython, IPython notebook
+
+    ::
+
+        from easydev import Progress
+        pb = Progress(100, interval=1)
+        pb.animate(10)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, iters, interval=None):
+        self.pb = progress_bar(iters, interval=interval)
+
+    def animate(self, i):
+        self.pb.animate(i)
+
+    def _get_elapsed(self):
+        return self.pb.elapsed
+
+    elapsed = property(_get_elapsed)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2135c18
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/copybutton.js b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/copybutton.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3564e1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/copybutton.js
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+$(document).ready(function() {
+    /* Add a [>>>] button on the top-right corner of code samples to hide
+     * the >>> and ... prompts and the output and thus make the code
+     * copyable. */
+    var div = $('.highlight-python .highlight,' +
+                '.highlight-python3 .highlight' 
+                )
+    var pre = div.find('pre');
+
+    // get the styles from the current theme
+    pre.parent().parent().css('position', 'relative');
+    var hide_text = 'Hide the prompts and output';
+    var show_text = 'Show the prompts and output';
+    var border_width = pre.css('border-top-width');
+    var border_style = pre.css('border-top-style');
+    var border_color = pre.css('border-top-color');
+    var button_styles = {
+        'cursor':'pointer', 'position': 'absolute', 'top': '0', 'right': '0',
+        'border-color': border_color, 'border-style': border_style,
+        'border-width': border_width, 'color': border_color, 'text-size': '75%',
+        'font-family': 'monospace', 'padding-left': '0.2em', 'padding-right': '0.2em',
+        'border-radius': '0 3px 0 0'
+    }
+
+    // create and add the button to all the code blocks that contain >>>
+    div.each(function(index) {
+        var jthis = $(this);
+        if (jthis.find('.gp').length > 0) {
+            var button = $('<span class="copybutton">&gt;&gt;&gt;</span>');
+            button.css(button_styles)
+            button.attr('title', hide_text);
+            button.data('hidden', 'false');
+            jthis.prepend(button);
+        }
+        // tracebacks (.gt) contain bare text elements that need to be
+        // wrapped in a span to work with .nextUntil() (see later)
+        jthis.find('pre:has(.gt)').contents().filter(function() {
+            return ((this.nodeType == 3) && (this.data.trim().length > 0));
+        }).wrap('<span>');
+    });
+
+    // define the behavior of the button when it's clicked
+    $('.copybutton').click(function(e){
+        e.preventDefault();
+        var button = $(this);
+        if (button.data('hidden') === 'false') {
+            // hide the code output
+            button.parent().find('.go, .gp, .gt').hide();
+            button.next('pre').find('.gt').nextUntil('.gp, .go').css('visibility', 'hidden');
+            button.css('text-decoration', 'line-through');
+            button.attr('title', show_text);
+            button.data('hidden', 'true');
+        } else {
+            // show the code output
+            button.parent().find('.go, .gp, .gt').show();
+            button.next('pre').find('.gt').nextUntil('.gp, .go').css('visibility', 'visible');
+            button.css('text-decoration', 'none');
+            button.attr('title', hide_text);
+            button.data('hidden', 'false');
+        }
+    });
+});
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/google_footer.html b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/google_footer.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a830b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/google_footer.html
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+This page uses <a href="http://analytics.google.com/">
+            Google Analytics</a> to collect statistics. You can disable it by blocking
+            the JavaScript coming from www.google-analytics.com.
+            <script type="text/javascript">
+          (function() {
+            var ga = document.createElement('script');
+            ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ?
+                      'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
+                ga.setAttribute('async', 'true');
+            document.documentElement.firstChild.appendChild(ga);  })();
+            </script>
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/google_head.html b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/google_head.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f9dca9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/google_head.html
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+      var _gaq = _gaq || [];
+      _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-4372857-5']);
+      _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
+    </script>
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/index.html b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f17baa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{% extends "layout.html" %}
+{% block body %}
+
+
+
+{% endblock %}
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/indexsidebar.html b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/indexsidebar.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..753acb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/indexsidebar.html
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{% extends "!indexsidebar.html" %}
+
+
+<h3 style="background:gray;border: solid 1px black;margin:0.2em;padding:0.2em ">Author: Thomas Cokelaer</h3>
+<h3 style="background:gray;border: solid 1px black;margin:0.2em;padding:0.2em ">Download</h3>
+<p>Current version: <b>{{ version }}</b></p>
+<p> Get Spectrum <a href="tobedone">Pypi coming soon</a></p>
+
+
+<h3 style="background:gray;border: solid 1px black;margin:0.2em;padding:0.2em ">Questions? Suggestions?</h3>
+<a href="mailto:cno-contact@ebi.ac.uk">cno-contact</a> 
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/layout.html b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/layout.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a86826
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/layout.html
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+{% extends "agogo/layout.html" %}
+
+
+
+{% block header %}
+    <div class="header-wrapper">
+        <div class="header">
+            {%- if logo %}
+              <p class="logo">
+                <a href="{{ pathto(master_doc) }}">
+                <img class="logo" src="{{ pathto('_static/' + logo, 1) }}" alt="Logo"/>
+                <p>{{ shorttitle|e }}</p>
+                </a>
+               </p>
+            {%- endif %}
+
+            {%- block headertitle %}
+            <h1><a href="http://www.cellnopt.org"> CellNOpt homepage|</a><a href="{{ pathto(master_doc) }}">{{ docstitle|e }}</a>
+            </h1>
+            <div class="rel">
+              {%- for rellink in rellinks|reverse %}
+                  <a href="{{ pathto(rellink[0]) }}" 
+                    title="{{ rellink[1]|striptags|e }}"
+                 {{ accesskey(rellink[2]) }}>{{ rellink[3] }}</a>
+              {%- if not loop.last %}{{ reldelim2 }}{% endif %}
+              {%- endfor %}
+            </div>
+            {%- endblock %}
+       </div>
+    </div>
+{% endblock %}
+
+
+
+
+
+{% block rootrellink %}
+    {# Top of the main page #}
+    <li><a href="http://www.cellnopt.org/software">Return to Thomas Cokelaer Front page</a> |&nbsp;</li>
+    <li><a href="{{ pathto('contents') }}">{{project.split('.')[0]|title}} Documentation </a> &raquo;</li>
+{% endblock %}
+
+
+{% block extrahead %}
+{% include 'google_head.html' %}
+<script type="text/javascript"><!--
+    function gen_mail_to_link(lhs,rhs)
+    {
+        document.write("<A HREF=\"mailto");
+        document.write(":" + lhs + "@");
+        document.write(rhs   "\">" + lhs + "@" + rhs + "<\/A>");
+    } 
+// --> </script>
+
+
+{% endblock %}
+
+{% block footer %}
+    <div class="footer-wrapper">
+      <div class="footer">
+      
+      
+      {# <div class="left">
+          {%- for rellink in rellinks|reverse %}
+          <a href="{{ pathto(rellink[0]) }}" title="{{ rellink[1]|striptags|e }}"
+             {{ accesskey(rellink[2]) }}>{{ rellink[3] }}</a>
+          {%- if not loop.last %}{{ reldelim2 }}{% endif %}
+          {%- endfor %}
+          <br/>
+          {%- if show_source and has_source and sourcename %}
+            <a href="{{ pathto('_sources/' + sourcename, true)|e }}"
+               rel="nofollow">{{ _('Show Source') }}</a>
+          {%- endif %}
+        </div>
+#}
+
+		<div class="right">
+      {% trans path=pathto('copyright'), copyright=copyright|e %}&copy;
+       <a href="{{ path }}">Copyright</a> {{ copyright }}.{% endtrans %}
+      
+      
+       {%- if last_updated %}
+       	{% trans last_updated=last_updated|e %}Last updated on {{ last_updated }}.
+       	{% endtrans %}
+       {%- endif %}
+       <br/> 
+       {%- if show_sphinx %}
+       {% trans sphinx_version=sphinx_version|e %}Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> {{ sphinx_version }}.{% endtrans %}
+       {%- endif %}
+       <br/> 
+
+
+        	{% include 'google_footer.html' %}
+    		</div>
+        <div class="clearer"></div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+{% endblock %}
+
+{% block content %}
+    <div class="content-wrapper">
+      <div class="content">
+        <div class="document">
+        <g:plusone size="standard" count='true'></g:plusone>
+
+          {%- block document %}
+            {{ super() }}
+          {%- endblock %}
+        </div>
+        <div class="sidebar">
+
+        <!-- google plus one code -->
+        <g:plusone size="tall"></g:plusone>
+
+          	{%- block sidebarsearch %}
+          		{{ super() }}
+   	       	<hr />
+   	       	<a href="authors.html">Authors and Contacts</a><hr>
+   	       	<a href="contribute.html">How to contribute ?</a>
+	          <hr />
+          {%- if show_source and has_source and sourcename %}
+            This page: <a href="{{ pathto('_sources/' + sourcename, true)|e }}">Show source.</a>
+            <hr />
+
+
+          {%- block sidebartoc %}
+           		<h3><a href="index.html">{{ _('Table Of Contents') }}</a></h3>
+          		{{ toctree() }}
+          	{%- endblock %}
+          	<hr />
+          {%- endif %}
+
+          {%- endblock %}
+        </div>
+        <div class="clearer"></div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+{% endblock %}
+
+
+
+{# KEEP THIS as an example
+
+	{% block relbar1 %}
+	<div style="background-color: red; text-align: left; padding: 10px 10px 15px 15px">
+	</div>
+	{{ super() }}
+	{% endblock %}
+#}
+
+{# put the sidebar before the body #}
+{% block sidebar1 %}{{ sidebar() }}{% endblock %}
+{% block sidebar2 %}{% endblock %}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/bgfooter.png b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/bgfooter.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ce5bdd
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/bgtop.png b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/bgtop.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0d4709
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/bgtop.png differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/software.css_t b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/software.css_t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ce2e33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/software.css_t
@@ -0,0 +1,835 @@
+/*
+ * software.css_t
+ * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ *
+ * Sphinx stylesheet -- 
+ *
+ * :copyright: Copyright 2007-2010 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
+ * :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+ *
+ */
+
+@import url("basic.css");
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+* {
+  margin: 0px;
+  padding: 0px;
+}
+
+html, body{  
+height:100%;
+margin:0px;
+padding:0px;
+min-height:100%
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+body {
+  font-family: "Verdana", Arial, sans-serif;
+  line-height: 1.4em;
+  color: black;
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  height:auto;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Page layout */
+
+
+div.header, div.content, div.footer {
+  width: 70em;
+  width: 90%;
+  margin-left: auto;
+  margin-right: auto;
+}
+
+div.header-wrapper {
+  background: url(bgtop.png) top left repeat-x;
+  border-bottom: 4px solid #2e3436;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Default body styles */
+a {
+  color: #ce5c00;
+}
+
+div.bodywrapper a, div.footer a {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+.clearer {
+  clear: both;
+}
+
+.left {
+  float: left;
+}
+
+.right {
+  float: right;
+}
+
+.line-block {
+    display: block;
+    margin-top: 1em;
+    margin-bottom: 1em;
+}
+
+.line-block .line-block {
+    margin-top: 0;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+    margin-left: 1.5em;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4 {
+  font-family: "Georgia", "Times New Roman", serif;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  color: #3465a4;
+  margin-bottom: .2em;
+  line-height: 1.1em;
+}
+
+h1 {
+    color: #204a87;
+}
+
+
+
+div.content h1 {
+  border-bottom: 2px solid #3465A4;
+  margin-top: 0.3em;
+  padding-bottom: .5em;
+}
+
+h2 {
+  color: #204a87;
+  margin-top: 0.3em;
+  padding-bottom: .3em;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #3465A4;
+  width:95%
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Set the color and style of the headerlink*/
+a.headerlink {
+  visibility: hidden;
+  color: #dddddd;
+  padding-left: .3em;
+}
+
+h1:hover > a.headerlink,
+h2:hover > a.headerlink,
+h3:hover > a.headerlink,
+h4:hover > a.headerlink,
+h5:hover > a.headerlink,
+h6:hover > a.headerlink,
+dt:hover > a.headerlink {
+  visibility: visible;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* !! changing width affects all img.class */
+img {
+  border: 0;
+  width:auto;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* general shape of todo/seealso/warning/note boxes*/
+div.admonition {
+    font-size: 0.9em;
+    margin-top: 10px;
+    margin-bottom: 10px;
+    margin-left:10%;
+    padding: 00px 00px 5px 00px;
+    border-left: 0.2em solid black;
+    border: 2px solid #86989B;
+    background-color: #f7f7f7;
+    width:80%;
+    font-size:      0.8em;
+    line-height:1em;
+}
+div.admonition p.last{
+    padding-left:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    padding-right:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    line-height:0.9em;
+}
+
+
+/* and titles*/
+div.admonition p.admonition-title {
+    color: white;
+    border-bottom: 4px solid #86989B;
+    background-color: #AFC1C4;
+    margin-left:    00px;   /* the title within the box is sticked to the borders' box*/
+    margin-right:   00px;
+    padding-left:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    padding-bottom: 0.2em;
+    padding-top:    0.2em;
+    min-width:      120px;
+}
+
+/* the warning box has its own class names */
+div.warning p.admonition-title{
+    background-repeat: no-repeat;
+    /*margin-right:10px;
+    padding-left:5px;
+    padding-top:5px;
+    min-width:120px;*/
+    font-weight: bold;
+    /*width:100%;
+    background-color: #AFC1C4;*/
+    background-color: #CF0000;
+    border-bottom: 4px solid #940000;
+}
+
+
+div.admonition pre, div.warning pre {
+    margin: 0.0em 0.5em 0.0em 0.5em;
+}
+
+div.admonition ul, div.admonition ol,
+div.warning ul, div.warning ol {
+    margin: 0.1em 0.5em 0.5em 1em;
+    padding: 0;
+}
+
+/* TODO box ---------------------------------------- */
+div.admonition-todo {
+/*border-top: 2px solid red;
+border-bottom: 2px solid red;
+border-left: 2px solid red;
+border-right: 2px solid red;*/
+background-color: #ff6347
+}
+
+div.admonition-todo p.last{
+    padding-left:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    padding-right:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    line-height:0.9em;
+}
+div.admonition-todo p.first{
+    padding-left:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    padding-right:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    line-height:0.9em;
+    background-color: #CF0000;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+dt:target, .highlighted {
+  background-color: #fbe54e;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Header */
+
+div.header {
+  padding-top: 10px;
+  padding-bottom: 10px;
+}
+
+div.header h1 {
+  font-family: "Georgia", "Times New Roman", serif;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-size: 180%;
+  letter-spacing: .08em;
+}
+
+div.header h1 a {
+  color: white;
+}
+
+div.header div.rel {
+  margin-top: -1em;
+  float:right;
+}
+
+div.header div.rel a {
+  color: #fcaf3e;
+  letter-spacing: .1em;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+p.logo {
+    float: right;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+img.logo {
+    border: 0;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Content */
+div.content-wrapper {
+  background-color: white;
+  padding-top: 20px;
+  padding-bottom: 20px;
+  height:90%;
+  /*position:absolute;*/
+}
+
+div.document {
+  width: 75%;
+  float: left;
+  overflow-x:auto;
+}
+
+div.body {
+  padding-right: 2em;
+  text-align: justify;
+}
+
+
+
+div.document ul {
+  margin-left: 1.5em;
+  margin-right: 1.5em;
+  margin-bottom: .0em;
+  list-style-type: square;
+}
+
+div.document dd {
+  margin-left: 1.2em;
+  margin-top: .4em;
+  margin-bottom: 1em;
+}
+
+div.document .section {
+  margin-top: 1.7em;
+}
+div.document .section:first-child {
+  margin-top: 0px;
+}
+
+div.document div.highlight {
+  padding: 6px;
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  line-height:1em;
+  width:90%;
+  margin-left:0%;
+}
+
+div.highlight-html, div.highlight-css{
+  table-layout:auto;
+  overflow-x:hidden;
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  border-radius:18px 18px  18px 18px;
+  border: 2px solid #dddddd;
+  margin-left:5%;
+  margin-right:5%;
+  padding-left:10px;
+  margin-top:5px;
+}
+div.highlight-python, div.highlight-rest{
+  table-layout:auto;
+  overflow-x:hidden;
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  border-radius:18px 18px  18px 18px;
+  border: 2px solid #dddddd;
+  margin-left:5%;
+  margin-right:5%;
+  padding-left:10px;
+  margin-top:5px;
+  line-height:1em;
+}
+
+
+div.document h2 {
+  margin-top: .7em;
+}
+
+div.document p {
+  margin-bottom: .5em;
+}
+
+div.document li.toctree-l1 {
+  margin-bottom: .1em;
+}
+
+div.document .descname {
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+div.document .docutils.literal {
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  padding: 1px;
+}
+
+div.document .docutils.xref.literal {
+  background-color: transparent;
+  padding: 0px;
+}
+
+div.document blockquote {
+  margin: 1em;
+}
+
+div.document ol {
+  margin: 1.5em;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Sidebar */
+
+div.sidebar {
+    height:85%;
+    width: 22%;
+    font-size: .9em;
+    position:fixed;
+    margin-left:70%;
+    margin-right:8%;
+    top:54px; /*size of the top bgk image + 4px for the bar*/
+    border-radius:16px 16px  16px 16px;
+    margin-bottom:48px;
+    /*max-height:400px;*/
+  overflow:auto;
+}
+
+div.sidebar a, div.header a {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+div.sidebar a:hover, div.header a:hover {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+div.sidebar h3 {
+  color: #2e3436;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  font-size: 130%;
+  letter-spacing: .1em;
+}
+
+div.sidebar ul.current {
+  list-style-type: none;
+  height:150px;
+  overflow:auto;
+}
+
+div.sidebar ul {
+  list-style-type: none;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l1 a {
+  display: block;
+  padding: 1px;
+  border: 1px solid #dddddd;
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  margin-bottom: .4em;
+  padding-left: 3px;
+  color: #2e3436;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l2 a {
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border: none;
+  margin-left: 1em;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l3 a {
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border: none;
+  margin-left: 2em;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l2:last-child a {
+  border-bottom: none;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l1.current a {
+  border-right: 5px solid #fcaf3e;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l1.current li.toctree-l2 a {
+  border-right: none;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Footer */
+
+div.footer-wrapper {
+  background: url(bgfooter.png) top left repeat-x;
+  border-top: 2px solid #babdb6;
+  border-right: 2px solid #babdb6;
+  width:70%;                    /* with respect to the entire window*/
+  font-size:0.7em;
+  height:50px;
+  /*position:fixed;*/
+  bottom:0px;
+/*
+  margin-bottom:0px;
+  padding-bottom:0px;*/
+  overflow: auto;
+  line-height:1.2em;
+}
+
+div.footer, div.footer a {
+  color: #888a85;
+}
+
+div.footer .right {
+  text-align: left;
+  width:100%;                    /*copyright, and analytics div in the footer-wrapper*/
+  font-size:0.8em;
+}
+
+div.footer .left {              /*source/index/next div*/
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  width: 18%;
+  font-size:0.8em;
+}
+
+
+/* Styles copied from basic theme */
+
+
+/* -- search page ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+ul.search {
+    margin: 10px 0 0 20px;
+    padding: 0;
+}
+
+ul.search li {
+    padding: 5px 0 5px 20px;
+    background-image: url(file.png);
+    background-repeat: no-repeat;
+    background-position: 0 7px;
+}
+
+ul.search li a {
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+ul.search li div.context {
+    color: #888;
+    margin: 2px 0 0 30px;
+    text-align: left;
+}
+
+ul.keywordmatches li.goodmatch a {
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+/* -- index page ------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+table.contentstable {
+    width: 90%;
+}
+
+table.contentstable p.biglink {
+    line-height: 150%;
+}
+
+a.biglink {
+    font-size: 1.3em;
+}
+
+span.linkdescr {
+    font-style: italic;
+    padding-top: 1px;
+    font-size: 90%;
+}
+
+/* -- general index --------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+table.indextable td {
+    text-align: left;
+    vertical-align: top;
+}
+
+table.indextable dl, table.indextable dd {
+    margin-top: 0;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+table.indextable tr.pcap {
+    height: 10px;
+}
+
+table.indextable tr.cap {
+    margin-top: 10px;
+    background-color: #f2f2f2;
+}
+
+img.toggler {
+    margin-right: 3px;
+    margin-top: 3px;
+    cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+
+/* -- viewcode extension ---------------------------------------------------- */
+
+.viewcode-link {
+    float: right;
+}
+
+.viewcode-back {
+    float: right;
+    font-family:: "Verdana", Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+div.viewcode-block:target {
+    margin: -1px -3px;
+    padding: 0 3px;
+    background-color: #f4debf;
+    border-top: 1px solid #ac9;
+    border-bottom: 1px solid #ac9;
+}
+
+
+
+div.legend {
+background-color:#11557C;
+/*font-weight:bold;*/
+font-size:.8em;
+width:80%;
+}
+
+
+/*box around the parameters created wihh :param x: */
+table.docutils{
+margin:2px;
+border-left: 1px solid gray;
+border-right: 1px solid gray;
+border-top: 1px solid gray;
+border-bottom: 1px solid gray;
+min-width:30%;
+max-width:90%;
+}
+
+table.citation{
+    border: 0;
+    margin: 2px;
+}
+table.citation td.label{
+    width:20%;
+    color:red;
+}
+table.citation tr{
+    border: 1px solid;
+}
+
+/* when using 
+ * ======
+ * ======
+ * data
+ * ======
+ *the first row is colored in blue
+ * */
+th.head {
+background-color:#E3EFF1
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+p.rubric {
+color:blue;
+}
+
+th.field-name {
+color:blue;
+min-width:25%;
+background-color:#eeeeee;
+}
+
+/* surround the classes, functions and exceptions with boxes*/
+dl.class, dl.function, dl.exception{
+    margin-top:10px;
+    border-top: 2px solid #888;
+    border-bottom: 2px solid #888;
+    border-left: 2px solid #888;
+    border-right: 2px solid #888;
+}
+
+
+dl.method, dl.attribute {
+    border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
+}
+
+img.inheritance {
+    border: 1px solid blue;
+    max-width:90%;
+    align:center;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+table.footnote td, table.footnote th {
+  border: none;
+}
+
+
+table indextable{
+    border-collapse: collapse;
+    margin: 0 -0.5em 0 -0.5em;
+    table-layout:auto;
+    width:100%;
+    overflow:hidden;
+    word-wrap:break-word;
+    white-space: pre-wrap;       /* css-3 */
+    white-space: -moz-pre-wrap !important;  /* Mozilla, since 1999 */
+    white-space: -pre-wrap;      /* Opera 4-6 */
+    white-space: -o-pre-wrap;    /* Opera 7 */
+    word-wrap: break-word;       /* Internet Explorer 5.5+ */
+
+ }
+
+
+
+.first {
+    margin-top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+/* FIGURE and IMAGE related*/
+
+
+img.align-left, .figure.align-left, object.align-left {
+    clear: left;
+    float: left;
+    margin-right: 1em;
+}
+
+img.align-right, .figure.align-right, object.align-right {
+    clear: right;
+    float: right;
+    margin-left: 1em;
+}
+
+img.align-center, .figure.align-center, object.align-center {
+  display: block;
+  margin-left: auto;
+  margin-right: auto;
+}
+
+.align-left {
+    text-align: left;
+}
+
+.align-center {
+    clear: both;
+    text-align: center;
+}
+
+.align-right {
+    text-align: right;
+}
+
+
+/*all figure are centered with a border and max width*/
+div.figure {
+border-top: 2px solid #888;
+border-left: 2px solid #888;
+border-bottom: 2px solid #888;
+border-right: 2px solid #888;
+max-width:70%;
+margin-left:15px;
+margin-right:15px;
+margin-top:5px;
+margin-bottom:5px;
+text-align:center;
+background-color:#fff;
+padding:1%;
+display:block;
+margin-right:auto;
+margin-left:auto;
+}
+
+div.topic {
+border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+margin: 10px 0;
+padding: 7px 7px 7px 7px;
+border-radius:16px 16px  16px 16px;
+
+}
+div.topic#figure{
+clear:both;
+display:block;
+margin-right:auto;
+margin-left:auto;
+}
+
+div.topic img{
+clear:both;
+display:block;
+margin-right:5px;
+margin-left:5px;
+border: 1px solid #888;
+}
+
+
+div.figure p.caption {
+clear:both;
+background-color:#11557;
+font-size:.8em;
+font-weight:bold;
+width:80%;
+margin-left:10%;
+margin-right:10%;
+text-align:justify;
+line-height:1.2em;
+}
+
+div.figure img {
+    width:100%;
+}
+
+
+
+
+/* This is for the linenos option of literalinclude directive */
+div.linenodiv{
+line-height:1em;
+}
+
+/* other fields of interests for literalinclude are td.linenos, td.linenos pre*/
+
+table.highlighttable {
+table-layout:auto;
+width:90%;
+}
+
+table.highlighttable td {
+    padding: 0px;
+}
+
+
+div.leftside {
+    width: 45%;
+    padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px;
+    float: left;
+}
+
+div.rightside{
+    width:45%;
+    margin-left: 0%;
+    padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px;
+    float: right;
+}
+
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/warning.jpg b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/warning.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83aba0b
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/static/warning.jpg differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/theme.conf b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/theme.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ea3b47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/cno/theme.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+[theme]
+inherit = agogo
+stylesheet = software.css
+pygments_style = tango
+
+[options]
+bodyfont = "Verdana", Arial, sans-serif
+headerfont = "Georgia", "Times New Roman", serif
+pagewidth = 70em
+documentwidth = 50em
+sidebarwidth = 20em
+bgcolor = #eeeeec
+headerbg = url(bgtop.png) top left repeat-x
+footerbg = url(bgfooter.png) top left repeat-x
+linkcolor = #ce5c00
+headercolor1 = #204a87
+headercolor2 = #3465a4
+headerlinkcolor = #fcaf3e
+textalign = justify
+
+
+homepage = 'user argument'
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/google_footer.html b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/google_footer.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a830b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/google_footer.html
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+This page uses <a href="http://analytics.google.com/">
+            Google Analytics</a> to collect statistics. You can disable it by blocking
+            the JavaScript coming from www.google-analytics.com.
+            <script type="text/javascript">
+          (function() {
+            var ga = document.createElement('script');
+            ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ?
+                      'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
+                ga.setAttribute('async', 'true');
+            document.documentElement.firstChild.appendChild(ga);  })();
+            </script>
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/google_head.html b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/google_head.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6963d5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/google_head.html
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+
+
+<script type="text/javascript" src="https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js"></script>
+
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+      var _gaq = _gaq || [];
+      _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-4372857-1)']);
+      _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);
+    </script>
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/index.html b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f17baa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{% extends "layout.html" %}
+{% block body %}
+
+
+
+{% endblock %}
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/indexsidebar.html b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/indexsidebar.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..753acb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/indexsidebar.html
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{% extends "!indexsidebar.html" %}
+
+
+<h3 style="background:gray;border: solid 1px black;margin:0.2em;padding:0.2em ">Author: Thomas Cokelaer</h3>
+<h3 style="background:gray;border: solid 1px black;margin:0.2em;padding:0.2em ">Download</h3>
+<p>Current version: <b>{{ version }}</b></p>
+<p> Get Spectrum <a href="tobedone">Pypi coming soon</a></p>
+
+
+<h3 style="background:gray;border: solid 1px black;margin:0.2em;padding:0.2em ">Questions? Suggestions?</h3>
+<a href="mailto:cno-contact@ebi.ac.uk">cno-contact</a> 
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/layout.html b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/layout.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c10b5a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/layout.html
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+{% extends "agogo/layout.html" %}
+
+
+
+{% block header %}
+    <div class="header-wrapper">
+        <div class="header">
+            {%- if logo %}
+              <p class="logo">
+                <a href="{{ pathto(master_doc) }}">
+                <img class="logo" src="{{ pathto('_static/' + logo, 1) }}" alt="Logo"/>
+                <p>{{ shorttitle|e }}</p>
+                </a>
+               </p>
+            {%- endif %}
+
+            {%- block headertitle %}
+            <h1><a href="{{ pathto(master_doc) }}">{{ docstitle|e }}</a>
+            </h1>
+            <div class="rel">
+              {%- for rellink in rellinks|reverse %}
+                  <a href="{{ pathto(rellink[0]) }}" 
+                    title="{{ rellink[1]|striptags|e }}"
+                 {{ accesskey(rellink[2]) }}>{{ rellink[3] }}</a>
+              {%- if not loop.last %}{{ reldelim2 }}{% endif %}
+              {%- endfor %}
+            </div>
+            {%- endblock %}
+       </div>
+    </div>
+{% endblock %}
+
+
+
+
+
+{% block rootrellink %}
+    {# Top of the main page #}
+    <li><a href="http://www.cellnopt.org/software">Return to Thomas Cokelaer Front page</a> |&nbsp;</li>
+    <li><a href="{{ pathto('contents') }}">{{project.split('.')[0]|title}} Documentation </a> &raquo;</li>
+{% endblock %}
+
+
+{% block extrahead %}
+{% include 'google_head.html' %}
+{% endblock %}
+
+
+{% block footer %}
+    <div class="footer-wrapper">
+      <div class="footer">
+      		<div class="left">
+      {% trans path=pathto('copyright'), copyright=copyright|e %}&copy;
+       <a href="{{ path }}">Copyright</a> {{ copyright }}.{% endtrans %}
+      
+     <br/> 
+       {%- if last_updated %}
+       	{% trans last_updated=last_updated|e %}Last updated on {{ last_updated }}.
+       	{% endtrans %}
+       {%- endif %}
+       <br/> 
+       {%- if show_sphinx %}
+       {% trans sphinx_version=sphinx_version|e %}Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> {{ sphinx_version }}.{% endtrans %}
+       {%- endif %}
+       <br/> 
+   		</div>
+
+       <div class="right">
+          {%- for rellink in rellinks|reverse %}
+          <a href="{{ pathto(rellink[0]) }}" title="{{ rellink[1]|striptags|e }}"
+             {{ accesskey(rellink[2]) }}>{{ rellink[3] }}</a>
+          {%- if not loop.last %}{{ reldelim2 }}{% endif %}
+          {%- endfor %}
+          <br/>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="clearer"></div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+{% endblock %}
+
+
+{% block content %}
+    <div class="content-wrapper">
+      <div class="content">
+        <div class="document">
+
+          {%- block document %}
+            {{ super() }}
+          {%- endblock %}
+        </div>
+        <div class="sidebar">
+
+            <!-- <g:plusone size="tall"></g:plusone> -->
+            <g:plusone size="standard" count='true'></g:plusone>
+
+          	{%- block sidebarsearch %}
+          		{{ super() }}
+   	       	<hr />
+   	       	<!-- Authors: <a></a> -->
+	          <hr />
+          {%- if show_source and has_source and sourcename %}
+            This page: <a href="{{ pathto('_sources/' + sourcename, true)|e }}">Show source.</a>
+            <hr />
+
+
+          {%- block sidebartoc %}
+           		<h3><a href="index.html">{{ _('Table Of Contents') }}</a></h3>
+          		{{ toctree() }}
+          	{%- endblock %}
+          	<hr />
+          {%- endif %}
+
+          {%- endblock %}
+        </div>
+        <div class="clearer"></div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+{% endblock %}
+
+
+
+{# KEEP THIS as an example
+
+	{% block relbar1 %}
+	<div style="background-color: red; text-align: left; padding: 10px 10px 15px 15px">
+	</div>
+	{{ super() }}
+	{% endblock %}
+#}
+
+{# put the sidebar before the body #}
+{% block sidebar1 %}{{ sidebar() }}{% endblock %}
+{% block sidebar2 %}{% endblock %}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/bgfooter.png b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/bgfooter.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ce5bdd
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/bgfooter.png differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/bgtop.png b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/bgtop.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0d4709
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/bgtop.png differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/software.css_t b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/software.css_t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab6b7fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/software.css_t
@@ -0,0 +1,822 @@
+/*
+ * software.css_t
+ * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ *
+ * Sphinx stylesheet -- 
+ *
+ * :copyright: Copyright 2007-2010 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
+ * :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+ *
+ */
+
+@import url("basic.css");
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+* {
+  margin: 0px;
+  padding: 0px;
+}
+
+html, body{  
+height:100%;
+margin:0px;
+padding:0px;
+min-height:100%
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+body {
+  font-family: "Verdana", Arial, sans-serif;
+  line-height: 1.4em;
+  color: black;
+  background-color: #FFFFFF;
+/*  height:auto;*/
+position:relative;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Page layout */
+
+
+div.header, div.content, div.footer {
+  width: 70em;
+  width: 90%;
+  margin-left: auto;
+  margin-right: auto;
+}
+
+div.header-wrapper {
+  background: url(bgtop.png) top left repeat-x;
+  border-bottom: 4px solid #2e3436;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Default body styles */
+a {
+  color: #ce5c00;
+}
+
+div.bodywrapper a, div.footer a {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+.clearer {
+  clear: both;
+}
+
+.left {
+  float: left;
+}
+
+.right {
+  float: right;
+}
+
+.line-block {
+    display: block;
+    margin-top: 1em;
+    margin-bottom: 1em;
+}
+
+.line-block .line-block {
+    margin-top: 0;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+    margin-left: 1.5em;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4 {
+  font-family: "Georgia", "Times New Roman", serif;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  color: #3465a4;
+  margin-bottom: .2em;
+  line-height: 1.1em;
+}
+
+h1 {
+    color: #204a87;
+}
+
+
+
+div.content h1 {
+  border-bottom: 2px solid #3465A4;
+  margin-top: 0.3em;
+  padding-bottom: .5em;
+}
+
+h2 {
+  color: #204a87;
+  margin-top: 0.3em;
+  padding-bottom: .3em;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #3465A4;
+  width:95%
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Set the color and style of the headerlink*/
+a.headerlink {
+  visibility: hidden;
+  color: #dddddd;
+  padding-left: .3em;
+}
+
+h1:hover > a.headerlink,
+h2:hover > a.headerlink,
+h3:hover > a.headerlink,
+h4:hover > a.headerlink,
+h5:hover > a.headerlink,
+h6:hover > a.headerlink,
+dt:hover > a.headerlink {
+  visibility: visible;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* !! changing width affects all img.class */
+img {
+  border: 0;
+  width:auto;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* general shape of todo/seealso/warning/note boxes*/
+div.admonition {
+    font-size: 0.9em;
+    margin-top: 10px;
+    margin-bottom: 10px;
+    margin-left:10%;
+    padding: 00px 00px 5px 00px;
+    border-left: 0.2em solid black;
+    border: 2px solid #86989B;
+    background-color: #f7f7f7;
+    width:80%;
+    font-size:      0.8em;
+    line-height:1em;
+}
+div.admonition p.last{
+    padding-left:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    padding-right:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    line-height:0.9em;
+}
+
+
+/* and titles*/
+div.admonition p.admonition-title {
+    color: white;
+    border-bottom: 4px solid #86989B;
+    background-color: #AFC1C4;
+    margin-left:    00px;   /* the title within the box is sticked to the borders' box*/
+    margin-right:   00px;
+    padding-left:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    padding-bottom: 0.2em;
+    padding-top:    0.2em;
+    min-width:      120px;
+}
+
+/* the warning box has its own class names */
+div.warning p.admonition-title{
+    background-repeat: no-repeat;
+    /*margin-right:10px;
+    padding-left:5px;
+    padding-top:5px;
+    min-width:120px;*/
+    font-weight: bold;
+    /*width:100%;
+    background-color: #AFC1C4;*/
+    background-color: #CF0000;
+    border-bottom: 4px solid #940000;
+}
+
+
+div.admonition pre, div.warning pre {
+    margin: 0.0em 0.5em 0.0em 0.5em;
+}
+
+div.admonition ul, div.admonition ol,
+div.warning ul, div.warning ol {
+    margin: 0.1em 0.5em 0.5em 1em;
+    padding: 0;
+}
+
+/* TODO box ---------------------------------------- */
+div.admonition-todo {
+/*border-top: 2px solid red;
+border-bottom: 2px solid red;
+border-left: 2px solid red;
+border-right: 2px solid red;*/
+background-color: #ff6347
+}
+
+div.admonition-todo p.last{
+    padding-left:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    padding-right:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    line-height:0.9em;
+}
+div.admonition-todo p.first{
+    padding-left:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    padding-right:   10px;   /*for the text*/
+    line-height:0.9em;
+    background-color: #CF0000;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+dt:target, .highlighted {
+  background-color: #fbe54e;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Header */
+
+div.header {
+  padding-top: 0px;
+  padding-bottom: 0px;
+  margin-bottom:10px;
+  margin-top:0px;
+}
+
+div.header h1 {
+  font-family: "Georgia", "Times New Roman", serif;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-size: 180%;
+  letter-spacing: .08em;
+  width:80%;
+}
+
+div.header h1 a {
+  color: white;
+}
+
+div.header div.rel {
+  margin-top: -1em;
+  float:right;
+}
+
+div.header div.rel a {
+  color: #fcaf3e;
+  letter-spacing: .1em;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+p.logo {
+    float: right;
+}
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+img.logo {
+    border: 0;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Content */
+div.content-wrapper {
+  background-color: white;
+  padding-top: 20px;
+  padding-bottom: 6em; /* place for the header*/
+}
+
+div.document {
+  width: 75%;
+  float: left;
+  overflow-x:auto;
+}
+
+div.body {
+  padding-right: 2em;
+  text-align: justify;
+}
+
+
+
+div.document ul {
+  margin-left: 1.5em;
+  margin-right: 1.5em;
+  margin-bottom: .0em;
+  list-style-type: square;
+}
+
+div.document dd {
+  margin-left: 1.2em;
+  margin-top: .4em;
+  margin-bottom: 1em;
+}
+
+div.document .section {
+  margin-top: 1.7em;
+}
+div.document .section:first-child {
+  margin-top: 0px;
+}
+
+div.document div.highlight {
+  padding: 6px;
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  line-height:1em;
+  width:90%;
+  margin-left:0%;
+}
+
+div.highlight-html, div.highlight-css {
+  table-layout:auto;
+  overflow-x:hidden;
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  border-radius:18px 18px  18px 18px;
+  border: 2px solid #dddddd;
+  margin-left:5%;
+  margin-right:5%;
+  padding-left:10px;
+  margin-top:5px;
+}
+div.highlight-python, div.highlight-rest{
+  table-layout:auto;
+  overflow-x:hidden;
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  border-radius:18px 18px  18px 18px;
+  border: 2px solid #dddddd;
+  margin-left:5%;
+  margin-right:5%;
+  padding-left:10px;
+  margin-top:5px;
+  line-height:1em;
+}
+
+
+div.document h2 {
+  margin-top: .7em;
+}
+
+div.document p {
+  margin-bottom: .5em;
+}
+
+div.document li.toctree-l1 {
+  margin-bottom: .1em;
+}
+
+div.document .descname {
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+div.document .docutils.literal {
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  padding: 1px;
+}
+
+div.document .docutils.xref.literal {
+  background-color: transparent;
+  padding: 0px;
+}
+
+div.document blockquote {
+  margin: 1.5em;
+  font-style: italic;
+  
+}
+
+div.document ol {
+  margin: 1.5em;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Sidebar */
+
+div.sidebar {
+    height:80%;
+    width: 22%;
+    font-size: .9em;
+    position:fixed;
+    margin-left:70%;
+    margin-right:8%;
+    top:7em; /* em is more robust than pixels..*/
+    border-radius:16px 16px  16px 16px;
+    margin-bottom:48px;
+    /*max-height:400px;*/
+  overflow:auto;
+}
+
+div.sidebar a, div.header a {
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+div.sidebar a:hover, div.header a:hover {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+div.sidebar h3 {
+  color: #2e3436;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  font-size: 130%;
+  letter-spacing: .1em;
+}
+
+div.sidebar ul.current {
+  list-style-type: none;
+  height:150px;
+  overflow:auto;
+}
+
+div.sidebar ul {
+  list-style-type: none;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l1 a {
+  display: block;
+  padding: 1px;
+  border: 1px solid #dddddd;
+  background-color: #eeeeec;
+  margin-bottom: .4em;
+  padding-left: 3px;
+  color: #2e3436;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l2 a {
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border: none;
+  margin-left: 1em;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l3 a {
+  background-color: transparent;
+  border: none;
+  margin-left: 2em;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #dddddd;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l2:last-child a {
+  border-bottom: none;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l1.current a {
+  border-right: 5px solid #fcaf3e;
+}
+
+div.sidebar li.toctree-l1.current li.toctree-l2 a {
+  border-right: none;
+}
+
+
+/* ---------------------------------------------*/
+/* Footer */
+
+div.footer-wrapper {
+  background: url(bgfooter.png) top left repeat-x;
+  border-top: 2px solid #babdb6;
+  border-right: 2px solid #babdb6;
+  width:70%;                    /* with respect to the entire window*/
+  font-size:0.7em;
+  height:6em; /*place for the header must match the botton-margin of the content */
+  position:fixed;  /*to stay at the bottom*/
+  bottom:0px;
+/*
+  margin-bottom:0px;
+  padding-bottom:0px;*/
+  overflow: auto;
+  line-height:1.2em;
+}
+
+div.footer, div.footer a {
+  color: #888a85;
+}
+
+div.footer .right {
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  text-align: right;
+  width:40%;                    /*copyright, and analytics div in the footer-wrapper*/
+  font-size:1.2em;
+}
+
+div.footer .left {              /*source/index/next div*/
+  width: 40%;
+  font-size:1.2em;
+}
+
+
+/* Styles copied from basic theme */
+
+
+/* -- search page ----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+ul.search {
+    margin: 10px 0 0 20px;
+    padding: 0;
+}
+
+ul.search li {
+    padding: 5px 0 5px 20px;
+    background-image: url(file.png);
+    background-repeat: no-repeat;
+    background-position: 0 7px;
+}
+
+ul.search li a {
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+ul.search li div.context {
+    color: #888;
+    margin: 2px 0 0 30px;
+    text-align: left;
+}
+
+ul.keywordmatches li.goodmatch a {
+    font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+/* -- index page ------------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+table.contentstable {
+    width: 90%;
+}
+
+table.contentstable p.biglink {
+    line-height: 150%;
+}
+
+a.biglink {
+    font-size: 1.3em;
+}
+
+span.linkdescr {
+    font-style: italic;
+    padding-top: 1px;
+    font-size: 90%;
+}
+
+/* -- general index --------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+table.indextable td {
+    text-align: left;
+    vertical-align: top;
+}
+
+table.indextable dl, table.indextable dd {
+    margin-top: 0;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+}
+
+table.indextable tr.pcap {
+    height: 10px;
+}
+
+table.indextable tr.cap {
+    margin-top: 10px;
+    background-color: #f2f2f2;
+}
+
+img.toggler {
+    margin-right: 3px;
+    margin-top: 3px;
+    cursor: pointer;
+}
+
+
+/* -- viewcode extension ---------------------------------------------------- */
+
+.viewcode-link {
+    float: right;
+}
+
+.viewcode-back {
+    float: right;
+    font-family:: "Verdana", Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+div.viewcode-block:target {
+    margin: -1px -3px;
+    padding: 0 3px;
+    background-color: #f4debf;
+    border-top: 1px solid #ac9;
+    border-bottom: 1px solid #ac9;
+}
+
+
+
+div.legend {
+background-color:#11557C;
+/*font-weight:bold;*/
+font-size:.8em;
+width:80%;
+}
+
+
+/*box around the parameters created wihh :param x: */
+table.docutils{
+margin:2px;
+border-left: 1px solid gray;
+border-right: 1px solid gray;
+border-top: 1px solid gray;
+border-bottom: 1px solid gray;
+min-width:30%;
+max-width:90%;
+}
+
+table.citation{
+    border: 0;
+    margin: 2px;
+}
+table.citation td.label{
+    width:20%;
+    color:red;
+}
+table.citation tr{
+    border: 1px solid;
+}
+
+/* when using 
+ * ======
+ * ======
+ * data
+ * ======
+ *the first row is colored in blue
+ * */
+th.head {
+background-color:#E3EFF1
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+p.rubric {
+color:blue;
+}
+
+th.field-name {
+color:blue;
+min-width:25%;
+background-color:#eeeeee;
+}
+
+/* surround the classes, functions and exceptions with boxes*/
+dl.class, dl.function, dl.exception{
+    margin-top:10px;
+    border-top: 2px solid #888;
+    border-bottom: 2px solid #888;
+    border-left: 2px solid #888;
+    border-right: 2px solid #888;
+}
+
+
+dl.method, dl.attribute {
+    border-top: 1px solid #aaa;
+}
+
+img.inheritance {
+    border: 1px solid blue;
+    max-width:90%;
+    align:center;
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+table.footnote td, table.footnote th {
+  border: none;
+}
+
+
+table indextable{
+    border-collapse: collapse;
+    margin: 0 -0.5em 0 -0.5em;
+    table-layout:auto;
+    width:100%;
+    overflow:hidden;
+    word-wrap:break-word;
+    white-space: pre-wrap;       /* css-3 */
+    white-space: -moz-pre-wrap !important;  /* Mozilla, since 1999 */
+    white-space: -pre-wrap;      /* Opera 4-6 */
+    white-space: -o-pre-wrap;    /* Opera 7 */
+    word-wrap: break-word;       /* Internet Explorer 5.5+ */
+
+ }
+
+
+
+.first {
+    margin-top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+/* FIGURE and IMAGE related*/
+
+
+img.align-left, .figure.align-left, object.align-left {
+    clear: left;
+    float: left;
+    margin-right: 1em;
+}
+
+img.align-right, .figure.align-right, object.align-right {
+    clear: right;
+    float: right;
+    margin-left: 1em;
+}
+
+img.align-center, .figure.align-center, object.align-center {
+  display: block;
+  margin-left: auto;
+  margin-right: auto;
+}
+
+.align-left {
+    text-align: left;
+}
+
+.align-center {
+    clear: both;
+    text-align: center;
+}
+
+.align-right {
+    text-align: right;
+}
+
+
+/*all figure are centered with a border and max width*/
+div.figure {
+border-top: 2px solid #888;
+border-left: 2px solid #888;
+border-bottom: 2px solid #888;
+border-right: 2px solid #888;
+max-width:70%;
+margin-left:15px;
+margin-right:15px;
+margin-top:5px;
+margin-bottom:5px;
+text-align:center;
+background-color:#fff;
+padding:1%;
+display:block;
+margin-right:auto;
+margin-left:auto;
+}
+
+div.topic {
+border: 1px solid #CCCCCC;
+margin: 10px 0;
+padding: 7px 7px 7px 7px;
+border-radius:16px 16px  16px 16px;
+
+}
+div.topic#figure{
+clear:both;
+display:block;
+margin-right:auto;
+margin-left:auto;
+}
+
+div.topic img{
+clear:both;
+display:block;
+margin-right:5px;
+margin-left:5px;
+border: 1px solid #888;
+}
+
+
+div.figure p.caption {
+clear:both;
+background-color:#11557;
+font-size:.8em;
+font-weight:bold;
+width:80%;
+margin-left:10%;
+margin-right:10%;
+text-align:justify;
+line-height:1.2em;
+}
+
+div.figure img {
+    width:100%;
+}
+
+
+
+
+/* This is for the linenos option of literalinclude directive */
+div.linenodiv{
+line-height:1em;
+}
+
+/* other fields of interests for literalinclude are td.linenos, td.linenos pre*/
+
+table.highlighttable {
+table-layout:auto;
+width:90%;
+}
+
+table.highlighttable td {
+    padding: 0px;
+}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/warning.jpg b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/warning.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83aba0b
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/static/warning.jpg differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/theme.conf b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/theme.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ea3b47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/share/themes/standard/theme.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+[theme]
+inherit = agogo
+stylesheet = software.css
+pygments_style = tango
+
+[options]
+bodyfont = "Verdana", Arial, sans-serif
+headerfont = "Georgia", "Times New Roman", serif
+pagewidth = 70em
+documentwidth = 50em
+sidebarwidth = 20em
+bgcolor = #eeeeec
+headerbg = url(bgtop.png) top left repeat-x
+footerbg = url(bgfooter.png) top left repeat-x
+linkcolor = #ce5c00
+headercolor1 = #204a87
+headercolor2 = #3465a4
+headerlinkcolor = #fcaf3e
+textalign = justify
+
+
+homepage = 'user argument'
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/sphinx_themes.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/sphinx_themes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ed86e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/sphinx_themes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""Common tools to ease access to a easydev sphinx themes."""
+import os
+from os.path import join as pj
+
+__all__ = ["get_path_sphinx_themes", "get_sphinx_themes"]
+
+
+def get_path_sphinx_themes():
+    """Returns the path where the sphinx themes can be found
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from easydev import sphinx_themes
+        >>> themes_path = sphinx_themes.get_path_sphinx_themes()
+
+    """
+    import easydev
+
+    sharedir = easydev.get_shared_directory_path("easydev")
+    sharedir = os.path.join(sharedir, "themes")
+    return sharedir
+
+
+def get_sphinx_themes():
+    """Returns the sphinx themes found in easydev
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from easydev import sphinx_themes
+        >>> themes = sphinx_themes.get_sphinx_themes()
+        >>> "standard" in themes
+        True
+
+    """
+    from easydev import get_shared_directory_path
+
+    sharedir = get_shared_directory_path("easydev")
+    sharedir = pj(sharedir, "themes")
+    themes = [x for x in os.listdir(sharedir) if x.startswith(".") == False]
+    return themes
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/timer.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/timer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2213f1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/timer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""A convenient timer"""
+import time
+
+
+class Timer(object):  # pragma: no cover
+    """Timer working with *with* statement
+
+    ::
+
+        times = []
+        with Timer(times):
+            # do something
+            import time
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+        with Timer(imes):
+            # do something else
+            time.sleep(0.2)
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, times):
+        self.times = times
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.t1 = time.time()
+
+    def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
+        self.t2 = time.time()
+        self.times.append(self.t2 - self.t1)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/tools.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/tools.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1b8d18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/tools.py
@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2020
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""toolkit to ease development"""
+import subprocess
+import json
+import os
+import sys
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "shellcmd",
+    "swapdict",
+    "check_param_in_list",
+    "check_range",
+    "precision",
+    "AttrDict",
+    "DevTools",
+    "execute",
+    "touch",
+    "mkdirs",
+]
+
+
+def precision(data, digit=2):
+    """Round values in a list keeping only N digits precision
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> precision(2.123)
+        2.12
+        >>> precision(2123, digit=-2)
+        2100
+
+    """
+    data = int(data * pow(10, digit))
+    data /= pow(10.0, digit)
+    return data
+
+
+def check_range(value, a, b, strict=False):
+    """Check that a value lies in a given range
+
+    :param value: value to test
+    :param a: lower bound
+    :param b: upper bound
+    :return: nothing
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from easydev.tools import check_range
+        >>> check_range(1,0, 2)
+
+    """
+    if strict is True:
+        if value <= a:
+            raise ValueError(" {} must be greater (or equal) than {}".format(value, a))
+        if value >= b:
+            raise ValueError(" {} must be less (or less) than {}".format(value, b))
+    elif strict is False:
+        if value < a:
+            raise ValueError(" {} must be greater than {}".format(value, a))
+        if value > b:
+            raise ValueError(" {} must be less than {}".format(value, b))
+
+
+def checkParam(param, valid_values):
+    """
+    .. warning:: deprecated since 0.6.10 use :meth:`check_param_in_list` instead
+    """
+    print("easydev WARNING:: deprecated; use check_param_in_list instead.")
+    check_param_in_list(param, valid_values)
+
+
+def check_param_in_list(param, valid_values, name=None):
+    """Checks that the value of param is amongst valid
+
+    :param param: a parameter to be checked
+    :param list valid_values: a list of values
+
+    ::
+
+        check_param_in_list(1, [1,2,3])
+        check_param_in_list(mode, ["on", "off"])
+    """
+    if isinstance(valid_values, list) is False:
+
+        raise TypeError(
+            "the valid_values second argument must be a list of valid values. {0} was provided.".format(
+                valid_values
+            )
+        )
+
+    if param not in valid_values:
+        if name:
+            msg = "Incorrect value provided for {} ({})".format(name, param)
+        else:
+            msg = "Incorrect value provided (%s)" % param
+        msg += "    Correct values are %s" % valid_values
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+
+
+def shellcmd(cmd, show=False, verbose=False, ignore_errors=False):
+    """An alias to run system commands with Popen.
+
+    Based on subprocess.Popen.
+
+    :param str cmd: the command to call
+    :param bool show: print the command
+    :param bool verbose: print the output
+
+    :return: the output as a string
+    """
+    if show:
+        print(cmd)
+    try:
+        ret = subprocess.Popen(
+            [cmd], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True
+        )
+
+        output = ret.stdout.read().strip()
+        error = ret.stderr.read().strip()
+        ret.wait()
+
+        if len(error) > 0:
+            if ignore_errors is False:
+                raise Exception(error)
+            else:
+                if verbose is True:
+                    print("Errors/Warning" + str(error))
+
+        if verbose is True:
+            print(output)
+
+        return output
+    except Exception as err:
+        raise Exception("Error:: Command (%s) failed. Error message is %s" % (cmd, err))
+
+
+def execute(cmd, showcmd=True, verbose=True):
+    """An alias to run system commands using pexpect.
+
+    :param cmd:
+    :param showcmd:
+    :param verbose:
+    """
+    import pexpect
+
+    if showcmd is True:
+        print(cmd)
+
+    p = pexpect.spawn(cmd, timeout=None)
+    line = p.readline()
+    while line:
+        if verbose:
+            try:
+                sys.stdout.write(line.decode())
+            except:
+                sys.stdout.write(line)
+
+            sys.stdout.flush()
+        line = p.readline()
+
+
+def touch(fname, times=None):
+    """Touch a file (like unix command)"""
+    with open(fname, "a"):
+        os.utime(fname, times)
+
+
+def swapdict(dic, check_ambiguity=True):
+    """Swap keys for values in a dictionary
+
+    ::
+
+        >>> d = {'a':1}
+        >>> swapdict(d)
+        {1:'a'}
+
+    """
+    # this version is more elegant but slightly slower : return {v:k for k,v in dic.items()}
+    if check_ambiguity:
+        assert len(set(dic.keys())) == len(
+            set(dic.values())
+        ), "values is not a set. ambiguities for keys."
+    return dict(zip(dic.values(), dic.keys()))
+
+
+def mkdirs(newdir, mode=0o777):
+    """Recursive creation of a directory
+
+    :source: matplotlib mkdirs. In addition, handles "path" without slashes
+
+    make directory *newdir* recursively, and set *mode*.  Equivalent to ::
+
+        > mkdir -p NEWDIR
+        > chmod MODE NEWDIR
+    """
+    # mkdirs("analysis") # without / at the end led to an error
+    # since os.path.split returns ('', 'analysis')
+    try:
+        if not os.path.exists(newdir):
+            parts = os.path.split(newdir)
+            for i in range(1, len(parts) + 1):
+                thispart = os.path.join(*parts[:i])
+                # if no sep at the end, thispart may be an empty string
+                # so, we need to check if thispart exists and is not of len 0
+                if not os.path.exists(thispart) and len(thispart):
+                    os.makedirs(thispart, mode)
+    except OSError as err:
+        import errno
+
+        # Reraise the error unless it's about an already existing directory
+        if err.errno != errno.EEXIST or not os.path.isdir(newdir):
+            raise
+
+
+class AttrDict(dict):
+    """dictionary-like object that exposes its keys as attributes.
+
+    When you have dictionary of dictionaries with many levels e.g.::
+
+        d = {'a': {'a1': {'a2': 2}}}
+
+    to get/set a values, one has to type something like::
+
+        d['a']['a1']['a2'] = 3
+
+    The :class:`AttrDict` allows the dictionary to work as attributes::
+
+        ad = AttrDict(**d)
+        ad.a.a1.a2 = 3
+
+    You can now add values as attribute, or with ['key'] syntax
+
+    .. doctest::
+
+        >>> from easydev import AttrDict
+        >>> a = AttrDict(**{'value': 1})
+        >>> a.value
+        1
+        >>>
+        >>> a.unit = 'meter'
+        >>> sorted(a.keys())
+        ['unit', 'value']
+
+    If you need to add new simple values after the creation of the instance,
+    just use the setter::
+
+        >>> d['newa'] = 2
+        >>> d.newa = 2  # equivalent to the statement above
+
+    but if you want to set a dictionary (whichever recursive level), use
+    the :meth:`update` method::
+
+        >>> d.update({'newd': {'g': {'h':2}}})
+        >>> d.newd.g.h
+        2
+
+    Note that if you use the setter for a value that is a dictionary, e.g.::
+
+        ad.a = {'b':1}
+
+    then *a* is indeed a dictionary.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        dict.__init__(self, kwargs)
+        self.__dict__ = self
+        self.update(kwargs)
+
+    def update(self, content):
+        """See class/constructor documentation for details
+
+        :param dict content: a valid dictionary
+        """
+        # accepts dict and attrdict classes
+        try:
+            from collections import OrderedDict
+        except:
+            OrderedDict = AttrDict
+
+        if content.__class__ not in [dict, OrderedDict, AttrDict]:
+            raise TypeError
+
+        for k, v in content.items():
+            if v.__class__ not in [dict, AttrDict, OrderedDict]:
+                # fixme copy ?
+                self[k] = v
+            else:
+                self[k] = AttrDict(**v)
+
+    def from_json(self, filename):
+        """
+        does not remove existing keys put replace them if already present
+        """
+        res = json.load(open(filename, "r"))
+        for k, v in res.items():
+            self[k] = v
+
+    def to_json(self, filename=None):
+        import json
+
+        if filename is not None:
+            with open(filename, "w") as fout:
+                json.dump(self, fout)
+        else:
+            return json.dumps(self)
+
+
+class DevTools(object):
+    """Aggregate of easydev.tools functions."""
+
+    def check_range(self, value, a, b):
+        """wrapper around :func:`easydev.check_range`"""
+        check_range(value, a, b, strict=False)
+
+    def check_param_in_list(self, param, valid_values):
+        """wrapper around :func:`easydev.check_param_in_list`"""
+        param = self.to_list(param)
+        for name in param:
+            check_param_in_list(name, list(valid_values))
+
+    def swapdict(self, d):
+        """wrapper around :func:`easydev.swapdict`"""
+        return swapdict(d)
+
+    def to_list(self, query):
+        """Cast to a list if possible
+
+        'a' ->['a']
+        1 -> [1]
+        """
+        from easydev import codecs
+
+        return codecs.to_list(query)
+
+    def list2string(self, query, sep=",", space=False):
+        """
+        see :func:`easydev.tools.list2string`
+
+        """
+        from easydev import codecs
+
+        return codecs.list2string(query, sep=sep, space=space)
+
+    def to_json(self, dictionary):
+        """Transform a dictionary to a json object"""
+        return json.dumps(dictionary)
+
+    def mkdir(self, dirname):
+        """Create a directory if it does not exists; pass without error otherwise"""
+        try:
+            os.mkdir(dirname)
+        except OSError:
+            pass  # exists already
+        except Exception as err:
+            raise (err)
+
+    def shellcmd(self, cmd, show=False, verbose=False, ignore_errors=False):
+        """See :func:`shellcmd`"""
+        return shellcmd(cmd, show=show, verbose=verbose, ignore_errors=ignore_errors)
+
+    def check_exists(self, filename):
+        """Raise error message if the file does not exists"""
+        if os.path.exists(filename) is False:
+            raise ValueError("This file %s does not exists" % filename)
+
+    def mkdirs(self, dirname, mode=0o777):
+        mkdirs(dirname, mode=mode)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/url.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/url.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..094d4d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/easydev/url.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# -*- python -*-
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#
+#  This file is part of the easydev software
+#
+#  Copyright (c) 2011-2017
+#
+#  File author(s): Thomas Cokelaer <cokelaer@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the GPLv3 License.
+#  See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at
+#      http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
+#
+#  Website: https://github.com/cokelaer/easydev
+#  Documentation: http://easydev-python.readthedocs.io
+#
+##############################################################################
+"""Utilities related to the web"""
+try:
+    import httplib
+except ImportError:
+    import http.client as httplib
+
+
+__all__ = ["isurl_reachable"]
+
+
+def isurl_reachable(url, timeout=10, path="/"):  # pragma: no cover
+    """Checks if an URL exists or nor
+
+    :param str url: the url to look for
+    :param str path: Used in request.request at the
+        url path following the domain name. For instance,
+        www.ensembl.org is the site url but actually
+        we want to check this full url www.ensembl.org/biomart/martview
+    :return: True if it exists
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.9.30
+    """
+    if url.startswith("http://") or url.startswith("https://"):
+        url = url.split("//")[1]
+    conn = httplib.HTTPConnection(url, timeout=timeout)
+    try:
+        conn.request("HEAD", path)
+    except:
+        return False
+    # 302 is a redirection
+    # 200 is okay
+    try:
+        response = conn.getresponse()
+    except:
+        return False
+
+    if response.status in [200, 302]:
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..543173b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: enum-compat
+Version: 0.0.3
+Summary: enum/enum34 compatibility package
+Home-page: https://github.com/jstasiak/enum-compat
+Author: Jakub Stasiak
+Author-email: jakub@stasiak.at
+License: MIT
+Keywords: enum,compatibility,enum34
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Requires-Dist: enum34; python_version < "3.4"
+
+
+enum-compat
+===========
+
+This is a virtual package, its whole purpose is to install enum34 on
+Python older than 3.4. On Python 3.4+ it's a no-op.
+
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b8f896
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=Ykr6FPYXxNToBbAMR3S_JvAEWH8zeIzv24LMA16cJYU,954
+enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/RECORD,,
+enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=NzFAKnL7g-U64xnS1s5e3mJnxKpOTeOtlXdFwS9yNXI,92
+enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=AbpHGcgLb-kRsJGnwFEktk7uzpZOCcBY74-YBdrKVGs,1
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bff023e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.31.1)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b13789
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/enum_compat-0.0.3.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43b5468
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+from markupsafe import escape
+from markupsafe import Markup
+from werkzeug.exceptions import abort as abort
+from werkzeug.utils import redirect as redirect
+
+from . import json as json
+from .app import Flask as Flask
+from .app import Request as Request
+from .app import Response as Response
+from .blueprints import Blueprint as Blueprint
+from .config import Config as Config
+from .ctx import after_this_request as after_this_request
+from .ctx import copy_current_request_context as copy_current_request_context
+from .ctx import has_app_context as has_app_context
+from .ctx import has_request_context as has_request_context
+from .globals import _app_ctx_stack as _app_ctx_stack
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack as _request_ctx_stack
+from .globals import current_app as current_app
+from .globals import g as g
+from .globals import request as request
+from .globals import session as session
+from .helpers import flash as flash
+from .helpers import get_flashed_messages as get_flashed_messages
+from .helpers import get_template_attribute as get_template_attribute
+from .helpers import make_response as make_response
+from .helpers import safe_join as safe_join
+from .helpers import send_file as send_file
+from .helpers import send_from_directory as send_from_directory
+from .helpers import stream_with_context as stream_with_context
+from .helpers import url_for as url_for
+from .json import jsonify as jsonify
+from .signals import appcontext_popped as appcontext_popped
+from .signals import appcontext_pushed as appcontext_pushed
+from .signals import appcontext_tearing_down as appcontext_tearing_down
+from .signals import before_render_template as before_render_template
+from .signals import got_request_exception as got_request_exception
+from .signals import message_flashed as message_flashed
+from .signals import request_finished as request_finished
+from .signals import request_started as request_started
+from .signals import request_tearing_down as request_tearing_down
+from .signals import signals_available as signals_available
+from .signals import template_rendered as template_rendered
+from .templating import render_template as render_template
+from .templating import render_template_string as render_template_string
+
+__version__ = "2.0.2"
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/__main__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e28416
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from .cli import main
+
+main()
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23b99e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2091 @@
+import functools
+import inspect
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import weakref
+from datetime import timedelta
+from itertools import chain
+from threading import Lock
+from types import TracebackType
+
+from werkzeug.datastructures import Headers
+from werkzeug.datastructures import ImmutableDict
+from werkzeug.exceptions import BadRequest
+from werkzeug.exceptions import BadRequestKeyError
+from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
+from werkzeug.exceptions import InternalServerError
+from werkzeug.local import ContextVar
+from werkzeug.routing import BuildError
+from werkzeug.routing import Map
+from werkzeug.routing import MapAdapter
+from werkzeug.routing import RequestRedirect
+from werkzeug.routing import RoutingException
+from werkzeug.routing import Rule
+from werkzeug.wrappers import Response as BaseResponse
+
+from . import cli
+from . import json
+from .config import Config
+from .config import ConfigAttribute
+from .ctx import _AppCtxGlobals
+from .ctx import AppContext
+from .ctx import RequestContext
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
+from .globals import g
+from .globals import request
+from .globals import session
+from .helpers import _split_blueprint_path
+from .helpers import get_debug_flag
+from .helpers import get_env
+from .helpers import get_flashed_messages
+from .helpers import get_load_dotenv
+from .helpers import locked_cached_property
+from .helpers import url_for
+from .json import jsonify
+from .logging import create_logger
+from .scaffold import _endpoint_from_view_func
+from .scaffold import _sentinel
+from .scaffold import find_package
+from .scaffold import Scaffold
+from .scaffold import setupmethod
+from .sessions import SecureCookieSessionInterface
+from .signals import appcontext_tearing_down
+from .signals import got_request_exception
+from .signals import request_finished
+from .signals import request_started
+from .signals import request_tearing_down
+from .templating import DispatchingJinjaLoader
+from .templating import Environment
+from .typing import BeforeFirstRequestCallable
+from .typing import ResponseReturnValue
+from .typing import TeardownCallable
+from .typing import TemplateFilterCallable
+from .typing import TemplateGlobalCallable
+from .typing import TemplateTestCallable
+from .wrappers import Request
+from .wrappers import Response
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .blueprints import Blueprint
+    from .testing import FlaskClient
+    from .testing import FlaskCliRunner
+    from .typing import ErrorHandlerCallable
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    iscoroutinefunction = inspect.iscoroutinefunction
+else:
+
+    def iscoroutinefunction(func: t.Any) -> bool:
+        while inspect.ismethod(func):
+            func = func.__func__
+
+        while isinstance(func, functools.partial):
+            func = func.func
+
+        return inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func)
+
+
+def _make_timedelta(value: t.Optional[timedelta]) -> t.Optional[timedelta]:
+    if value is None or isinstance(value, timedelta):
+        return value
+
+    return timedelta(seconds=value)
+
+
+class Flask(Scaffold):
+    """The flask object implements a WSGI application and acts as the central
+    object.  It is passed the name of the module or package of the
+    application.  Once it is created it will act as a central registry for
+    the view functions, the URL rules, template configuration and much more.
+
+    The name of the package is used to resolve resources from inside the
+    package or the folder the module is contained in depending on if the
+    package parameter resolves to an actual python package (a folder with
+    an :file:`__init__.py` file inside) or a standard module (just a ``.py`` file).
+
+    For more information about resource loading, see :func:`open_resource`.
+
+    Usually you create a :class:`Flask` instance in your main module or
+    in the :file:`__init__.py` file of your package like this::
+
+        from flask import Flask
+        app = Flask(__name__)
+
+    .. admonition:: About the First Parameter
+
+        The idea of the first parameter is to give Flask an idea of what
+        belongs to your application.  This name is used to find resources
+        on the filesystem, can be used by extensions to improve debugging
+        information and a lot more.
+
+        So it's important what you provide there.  If you are using a single
+        module, `__name__` is always the correct value.  If you however are
+        using a package, it's usually recommended to hardcode the name of
+        your package there.
+
+        For example if your application is defined in :file:`yourapplication/app.py`
+        you should create it with one of the two versions below::
+
+            app = Flask('yourapplication')
+            app = Flask(__name__.split('.')[0])
+
+        Why is that?  The application will work even with `__name__`, thanks
+        to how resources are looked up.  However it will make debugging more
+        painful.  Certain extensions can make assumptions based on the
+        import name of your application.  For example the Flask-SQLAlchemy
+        extension will look for the code in your application that triggered
+        an SQL query in debug mode.  If the import name is not properly set
+        up, that debugging information is lost.  (For example it would only
+        pick up SQL queries in `yourapplication.app` and not
+        `yourapplication.views.frontend`)
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+       The `static_url_path`, `static_folder`, and `template_folder`
+       parameters were added.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.8
+       The `instance_path` and `instance_relative_config` parameters were
+       added.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.11
+       The `root_path` parameter was added.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+       The ``host_matching`` and ``static_host`` parameters were added.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+       The ``subdomain_matching`` parameter was added. Subdomain
+       matching needs to be enabled manually now. Setting
+       :data:`SERVER_NAME` does not implicitly enable it.
+
+    :param import_name: the name of the application package
+    :param static_url_path: can be used to specify a different path for the
+                            static files on the web.  Defaults to the name
+                            of the `static_folder` folder.
+    :param static_folder: The folder with static files that is served at
+        ``static_url_path``. Relative to the application ``root_path``
+        or an absolute path. Defaults to ``'static'``.
+    :param static_host: the host to use when adding the static route.
+        Defaults to None. Required when using ``host_matching=True``
+        with a ``static_folder`` configured.
+    :param host_matching: set ``url_map.host_matching`` attribute.
+        Defaults to False.
+    :param subdomain_matching: consider the subdomain relative to
+        :data:`SERVER_NAME` when matching routes. Defaults to False.
+    :param template_folder: the folder that contains the templates that should
+                            be used by the application.  Defaults to
+                            ``'templates'`` folder in the root path of the
+                            application.
+    :param instance_path: An alternative instance path for the application.
+                          By default the folder ``'instance'`` next to the
+                          package or module is assumed to be the instance
+                          path.
+    :param instance_relative_config: if set to ``True`` relative filenames
+                                     for loading the config are assumed to
+                                     be relative to the instance path instead
+                                     of the application root.
+    :param root_path: The path to the root of the application files.
+        This should only be set manually when it can't be detected
+        automatically, such as for namespace packages.
+    """
+
+    #: The class that is used for request objects.  See :class:`~flask.Request`
+    #: for more information.
+    request_class = Request
+
+    #: The class that is used for response objects.  See
+    #: :class:`~flask.Response` for more information.
+    response_class = Response
+
+    #: The class that is used for the Jinja environment.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.11
+    jinja_environment = Environment
+
+    #: The class that is used for the :data:`~flask.g` instance.
+    #:
+    #: Example use cases for a custom class:
+    #:
+    #: 1. Store arbitrary attributes on flask.g.
+    #: 2. Add a property for lazy per-request database connectors.
+    #: 3. Return None instead of AttributeError on unexpected attributes.
+    #: 4. Raise exception if an unexpected attr is set, a "controlled" flask.g.
+    #:
+    #: In Flask 0.9 this property was called `request_globals_class` but it
+    #: was changed in 0.10 to :attr:`app_ctx_globals_class` because the
+    #: flask.g object is now application context scoped.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.10
+    app_ctx_globals_class = _AppCtxGlobals
+
+    #: The class that is used for the ``config`` attribute of this app.
+    #: Defaults to :class:`~flask.Config`.
+    #:
+    #: Example use cases for a custom class:
+    #:
+    #: 1. Default values for certain config options.
+    #: 2. Access to config values through attributes in addition to keys.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.11
+    config_class = Config
+
+    #: The testing flag.  Set this to ``True`` to enable the test mode of
+    #: Flask extensions (and in the future probably also Flask itself).
+    #: For example this might activate test helpers that have an
+    #: additional runtime cost which should not be enabled by default.
+    #:
+    #: If this is enabled and PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS is not changed from the
+    #: default it's implicitly enabled.
+    #:
+    #: This attribute can also be configured from the config with the
+    #: ``TESTING`` configuration key.  Defaults to ``False``.
+    testing = ConfigAttribute("TESTING")
+
+    #: If a secret key is set, cryptographic components can use this to
+    #: sign cookies and other things. Set this to a complex random value
+    #: when you want to use the secure cookie for instance.
+    #:
+    #: This attribute can also be configured from the config with the
+    #: :data:`SECRET_KEY` configuration key. Defaults to ``None``.
+    secret_key = ConfigAttribute("SECRET_KEY")
+
+    #: The secure cookie uses this for the name of the session cookie.
+    #:
+    #: This attribute can also be configured from the config with the
+    #: ``SESSION_COOKIE_NAME`` configuration key.  Defaults to ``'session'``
+    session_cookie_name = ConfigAttribute("SESSION_COOKIE_NAME")
+
+    #: A :class:`~datetime.timedelta` which is used to set the expiration
+    #: date of a permanent session.  The default is 31 days which makes a
+    #: permanent session survive for roughly one month.
+    #:
+    #: This attribute can also be configured from the config with the
+    #: ``PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME`` configuration key.  Defaults to
+    #: ``timedelta(days=31)``
+    permanent_session_lifetime = ConfigAttribute(
+        "PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME", get_converter=_make_timedelta
+    )
+
+    #: A :class:`~datetime.timedelta` or number of seconds which is used
+    #: as the default ``max_age`` for :func:`send_file`. The default is
+    #: ``None``, which tells the browser to use conditional requests
+    #: instead of a timed cache.
+    #:
+    #: Configured with the :data:`SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT`
+    #: configuration key.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+    #:     Defaults to ``None`` instead of 12 hours.
+    send_file_max_age_default = ConfigAttribute(
+        "SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT", get_converter=_make_timedelta
+    )
+
+    #: Enable this if you want to use the X-Sendfile feature.  Keep in
+    #: mind that the server has to support this.  This only affects files
+    #: sent with the :func:`send_file` method.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.2
+    #:
+    #: This attribute can also be configured from the config with the
+    #: ``USE_X_SENDFILE`` configuration key.  Defaults to ``False``.
+    use_x_sendfile = ConfigAttribute("USE_X_SENDFILE")
+
+    #: The JSON encoder class to use.  Defaults to :class:`~flask.json.JSONEncoder`.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.10
+    json_encoder = json.JSONEncoder
+
+    #: The JSON decoder class to use.  Defaults to :class:`~flask.json.JSONDecoder`.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.10
+    json_decoder = json.JSONDecoder
+
+    #: Options that are passed to the Jinja environment in
+    #: :meth:`create_jinja_environment`. Changing these options after
+    #: the environment is created (accessing :attr:`jinja_env`) will
+    #: have no effect.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+    #:     This is a ``dict`` instead of an ``ImmutableDict`` to allow
+    #:     easier configuration.
+    #:
+    jinja_options: dict = {}
+
+    #: Default configuration parameters.
+    default_config = ImmutableDict(
+        {
+            "ENV": None,
+            "DEBUG": None,
+            "TESTING": False,
+            "PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS": None,
+            "PRESERVE_CONTEXT_ON_EXCEPTION": None,
+            "SECRET_KEY": None,
+            "PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME": timedelta(days=31),
+            "USE_X_SENDFILE": False,
+            "SERVER_NAME": None,
+            "APPLICATION_ROOT": "/",
+            "SESSION_COOKIE_NAME": "session",
+            "SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN": None,
+            "SESSION_COOKIE_PATH": None,
+            "SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY": True,
+            "SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE": False,
+            "SESSION_COOKIE_SAMESITE": None,
+            "SESSION_REFRESH_EACH_REQUEST": True,
+            "MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH": None,
+            "SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT": None,
+            "TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS": None,
+            "TRAP_HTTP_EXCEPTIONS": False,
+            "EXPLAIN_TEMPLATE_LOADING": False,
+            "PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME": "http",
+            "JSON_AS_ASCII": True,
+            "JSON_SORT_KEYS": True,
+            "JSONIFY_PRETTYPRINT_REGULAR": False,
+            "JSONIFY_MIMETYPE": "application/json",
+            "TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD": None,
+            "MAX_COOKIE_SIZE": 4093,
+        }
+    )
+
+    #: The rule object to use for URL rules created.  This is used by
+    #: :meth:`add_url_rule`.  Defaults to :class:`werkzeug.routing.Rule`.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    url_rule_class = Rule
+
+    #: The map object to use for storing the URL rules and routing
+    #: configuration parameters. Defaults to :class:`werkzeug.routing.Map`.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 1.1.0
+    url_map_class = Map
+
+    #: The :meth:`test_client` method creates an instance of this test
+    #: client class. Defaults to :class:`~flask.testing.FlaskClient`.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    test_client_class: t.Optional[t.Type["FlaskClient"]] = None
+
+    #: The :class:`~click.testing.CliRunner` subclass, by default
+    #: :class:`~flask.testing.FlaskCliRunner` that is used by
+    #: :meth:`test_cli_runner`. Its ``__init__`` method should take a
+    #: Flask app object as the first argument.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 1.0
+    test_cli_runner_class: t.Optional[t.Type["FlaskCliRunner"]] = None
+
+    #: the session interface to use.  By default an instance of
+    #: :class:`~flask.sessions.SecureCookieSessionInterface` is used here.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.8
+    session_interface = SecureCookieSessionInterface()
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        import_name: str,
+        static_url_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        static_folder: t.Optional[t.Union[str, os.PathLike]] = "static",
+        static_host: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        host_matching: bool = False,
+        subdomain_matching: bool = False,
+        template_folder: t.Optional[str] = "templates",
+        instance_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        instance_relative_config: bool = False,
+        root_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            import_name=import_name,
+            static_folder=static_folder,
+            static_url_path=static_url_path,
+            template_folder=template_folder,
+            root_path=root_path,
+        )
+
+        if instance_path is None:
+            instance_path = self.auto_find_instance_path()
+        elif not os.path.isabs(instance_path):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "If an instance path is provided it must be absolute."
+                " A relative path was given instead."
+            )
+
+        #: Holds the path to the instance folder.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        self.instance_path = instance_path
+
+        #: The configuration dictionary as :class:`Config`.  This behaves
+        #: exactly like a regular dictionary but supports additional methods
+        #: to load a config from files.
+        self.config = self.make_config(instance_relative_config)
+
+        #: A list of functions that are called when :meth:`url_for` raises a
+        #: :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError`.  Each function registered here
+        #: is called with `error`, `endpoint` and `values`.  If a function
+        #: returns ``None`` or raises a :exc:`BuildError` the next function is
+        #: tried.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        self.url_build_error_handlers: t.List[
+            t.Callable[[Exception, str, dict], str]
+        ] = []
+
+        #: A list of functions that will be called at the beginning of the
+        #: first request to this instance. To register a function, use the
+        #: :meth:`before_first_request` decorator.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        self.before_first_request_funcs: t.List[BeforeFirstRequestCallable] = []
+
+        #: A list of functions that are called when the application context
+        #: is destroyed.  Since the application context is also torn down
+        #: if the request ends this is the place to store code that disconnects
+        #: from databases.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        self.teardown_appcontext_funcs: t.List[TeardownCallable] = []
+
+        #: A list of shell context processor functions that should be run
+        #: when a shell context is created.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 0.11
+        self.shell_context_processors: t.List[t.Callable[[], t.Dict[str, t.Any]]] = []
+
+        #: Maps registered blueprint names to blueprint objects. The
+        #: dict retains the order the blueprints were registered in.
+        #: Blueprints can be registered multiple times, this dict does
+        #: not track how often they were attached.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        self.blueprints: t.Dict[str, "Blueprint"] = {}
+
+        #: a place where extensions can store application specific state.  For
+        #: example this is where an extension could store database engines and
+        #: similar things.
+        #:
+        #: The key must match the name of the extension module. For example in
+        #: case of a "Flask-Foo" extension in `flask_foo`, the key would be
+        #: ``'foo'``.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        self.extensions: dict = {}
+
+        #: The :class:`~werkzeug.routing.Map` for this instance.  You can use
+        #: this to change the routing converters after the class was created
+        #: but before any routes are connected.  Example::
+        #:
+        #:    from werkzeug.routing import BaseConverter
+        #:
+        #:    class ListConverter(BaseConverter):
+        #:        def to_python(self, value):
+        #:            return value.split(',')
+        #:        def to_url(self, values):
+        #:            return ','.join(super(ListConverter, self).to_url(value)
+        #:                            for value in values)
+        #:
+        #:    app = Flask(__name__)
+        #:    app.url_map.converters['list'] = ListConverter
+        self.url_map = self.url_map_class()
+
+        self.url_map.host_matching = host_matching
+        self.subdomain_matching = subdomain_matching
+
+        # tracks internally if the application already handled at least one
+        # request.
+        self._got_first_request = False
+        self._before_request_lock = Lock()
+
+        # Add a static route using the provided static_url_path, static_host,
+        # and static_folder if there is a configured static_folder.
+        # Note we do this without checking if static_folder exists.
+        # For one, it might be created while the server is running (e.g. during
+        # development). Also, Google App Engine stores static files somewhere
+        if self.has_static_folder:
+            assert (
+                bool(static_host) == host_matching
+            ), "Invalid static_host/host_matching combination"
+            # Use a weakref to avoid creating a reference cycle between the app
+            # and the view function (see #3761).
+            self_ref = weakref.ref(self)
+            self.add_url_rule(
+                f"{self.static_url_path}/<path:filename>",
+                endpoint="static",
+                host=static_host,
+                view_func=lambda **kw: self_ref().send_static_file(**kw),  # type: ignore # noqa: B950
+            )
+
+        # Set the name of the Click group in case someone wants to add
+        # the app's commands to another CLI tool.
+        self.cli.name = self.name
+
+    def _is_setup_finished(self) -> bool:
+        return self.debug and self._got_first_request
+
+    @locked_cached_property
+    def name(self) -> str:  # type: ignore
+        """The name of the application.  This is usually the import name
+        with the difference that it's guessed from the run file if the
+        import name is main.  This name is used as a display name when
+        Flask needs the name of the application.  It can be set and overridden
+        to change the value.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        """
+        if self.import_name == "__main__":
+            fn = getattr(sys.modules["__main__"], "__file__", None)
+            if fn is None:
+                return "__main__"
+            return os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(fn))[0]
+        return self.import_name
+
+    @property
+    def propagate_exceptions(self) -> bool:
+        """Returns the value of the ``PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS`` configuration
+        value in case it's set, otherwise a sensible default is returned.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        rv = self.config["PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS"]
+        if rv is not None:
+            return rv
+        return self.testing or self.debug
+
+    @property
+    def preserve_context_on_exception(self) -> bool:
+        """Returns the value of the ``PRESERVE_CONTEXT_ON_EXCEPTION``
+        configuration value in case it's set, otherwise a sensible default
+        is returned.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        rv = self.config["PRESERVE_CONTEXT_ON_EXCEPTION"]
+        if rv is not None:
+            return rv
+        return self.debug
+
+    @locked_cached_property
+    def logger(self) -> logging.Logger:
+        """A standard Python :class:`~logging.Logger` for the app, with
+        the same name as :attr:`name`.
+
+        In debug mode, the logger's :attr:`~logging.Logger.level` will
+        be set to :data:`~logging.DEBUG`.
+
+        If there are no handlers configured, a default handler will be
+        added. See :doc:`/logging` for more information.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+            The logger takes the same name as :attr:`name` rather than
+            hard-coding ``"flask.app"``.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
+            Behavior was simplified. The logger is always named
+            ``"flask.app"``. The level is only set during configuration,
+            it doesn't check ``app.debug`` each time. Only one format is
+            used, not different ones depending on ``app.debug``. No
+            handlers are removed, and a handler is only added if no
+            handlers are already configured.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.3
+        """
+        return create_logger(self)
+
+    @locked_cached_property
+    def jinja_env(self) -> Environment:
+        """The Jinja environment used to load templates.
+
+        The environment is created the first time this property is
+        accessed. Changing :attr:`jinja_options` after that will have no
+        effect.
+        """
+        return self.create_jinja_environment()
+
+    @property
+    def got_first_request(self) -> bool:
+        """This attribute is set to ``True`` if the application started
+        handling the first request.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        """
+        return self._got_first_request
+
+    def make_config(self, instance_relative: bool = False) -> Config:
+        """Used to create the config attribute by the Flask constructor.
+        The `instance_relative` parameter is passed in from the constructor
+        of Flask (there named `instance_relative_config`) and indicates if
+        the config should be relative to the instance path or the root path
+        of the application.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        """
+        root_path = self.root_path
+        if instance_relative:
+            root_path = self.instance_path
+        defaults = dict(self.default_config)
+        defaults["ENV"] = get_env()
+        defaults["DEBUG"] = get_debug_flag()
+        return self.config_class(root_path, defaults)
+
+    def auto_find_instance_path(self) -> str:
+        """Tries to locate the instance path if it was not provided to the
+        constructor of the application class.  It will basically calculate
+        the path to a folder named ``instance`` next to your main file or
+        the package.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        """
+        prefix, package_path = find_package(self.import_name)
+        if prefix is None:
+            return os.path.join(package_path, "instance")
+        return os.path.join(prefix, "var", f"{self.name}-instance")
+
+    def open_instance_resource(self, resource: str, mode: str = "rb") -> t.IO[t.AnyStr]:
+        """Opens a resource from the application's instance folder
+        (:attr:`instance_path`).  Otherwise works like
+        :meth:`open_resource`.  Instance resources can also be opened for
+        writing.
+
+        :param resource: the name of the resource.  To access resources within
+                         subfolders use forward slashes as separator.
+        :param mode: resource file opening mode, default is 'rb'.
+        """
+        return open(os.path.join(self.instance_path, resource), mode)
+
+    @property
+    def templates_auto_reload(self) -> bool:
+        """Reload templates when they are changed. Used by
+        :meth:`create_jinja_environment`.
+
+        This attribute can be configured with :data:`TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD`. If
+        not set, it will be enabled in debug mode.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+            This property was added but the underlying config and behavior
+            already existed.
+        """
+        rv = self.config["TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD"]
+        return rv if rv is not None else self.debug
+
+    @templates_auto_reload.setter
+    def templates_auto_reload(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.config["TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD"] = value
+
+    def create_jinja_environment(self) -> Environment:
+        """Create the Jinja environment based on :attr:`jinja_options`
+        and the various Jinja-related methods of the app. Changing
+        :attr:`jinja_options` after this will have no effect. Also adds
+        Flask-related globals and filters to the environment.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.11
+           ``Environment.auto_reload`` set in accordance with
+           ``TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD`` configuration option.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.5
+        """
+        options = dict(self.jinja_options)
+
+        if "autoescape" not in options:
+            options["autoescape"] = self.select_jinja_autoescape
+
+        if "auto_reload" not in options:
+            options["auto_reload"] = self.templates_auto_reload
+
+        rv = self.jinja_environment(self, **options)
+        rv.globals.update(
+            url_for=url_for,
+            get_flashed_messages=get_flashed_messages,
+            config=self.config,
+            # request, session and g are normally added with the
+            # context processor for efficiency reasons but for imported
+            # templates we also want the proxies in there.
+            request=request,
+            session=session,
+            g=g,
+        )
+        rv.policies["json.dumps_function"] = json.dumps
+        return rv
+
+    def create_global_jinja_loader(self) -> DispatchingJinjaLoader:
+        """Creates the loader for the Jinja2 environment.  Can be used to
+        override just the loader and keeping the rest unchanged.  It's
+        discouraged to override this function.  Instead one should override
+        the :meth:`jinja_loader` function instead.
+
+        The global loader dispatches between the loaders of the application
+        and the individual blueprints.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        return DispatchingJinjaLoader(self)
+
+    def select_jinja_autoescape(self, filename: str) -> bool:
+        """Returns ``True`` if autoescaping should be active for the given
+        template name. If no template name is given, returns `True`.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.5
+        """
+        if filename is None:
+            return True
+        return filename.endswith((".html", ".htm", ".xml", ".xhtml"))
+
+    def update_template_context(self, context: dict) -> None:
+        """Update the template context with some commonly used variables.
+        This injects request, session, config and g into the template
+        context as well as everything template context processors want
+        to inject.  Note that the as of Flask 0.6, the original values
+        in the context will not be overridden if a context processor
+        decides to return a value with the same key.
+
+        :param context: the context as a dictionary that is updated in place
+                        to add extra variables.
+        """
+        names: t.Iterable[t.Optional[str]] = (None,)
+
+        # A template may be rendered outside a request context.
+        if request:
+            names = chain(names, reversed(request.blueprints))
+
+        # The values passed to render_template take precedence. Keep a
+        # copy to re-apply after all context functions.
+        orig_ctx = context.copy()
+
+        for name in names:
+            if name in self.template_context_processors:
+                for func in self.template_context_processors[name]:
+                    context.update(func())
+
+        context.update(orig_ctx)
+
+    def make_shell_context(self) -> dict:
+        """Returns the shell context for an interactive shell for this
+        application.  This runs all the registered shell context
+        processors.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+        """
+        rv = {"app": self, "g": g}
+        for processor in self.shell_context_processors:
+            rv.update(processor())
+        return rv
+
+    #: What environment the app is running in. Flask and extensions may
+    #: enable behaviors based on the environment, such as enabling debug
+    #: mode. This maps to the :data:`ENV` config key. This is set by the
+    #: :envvar:`FLASK_ENV` environment variable and may not behave as
+    #: expected if set in code.
+    #:
+    #: **Do not enable development when deploying in production.**
+    #:
+    #: Default: ``'production'``
+    env = ConfigAttribute("ENV")
+
+    @property
+    def debug(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether debug mode is enabled. When using ``flask run`` to start
+        the development server, an interactive debugger will be shown for
+        unhandled exceptions, and the server will be reloaded when code
+        changes. This maps to the :data:`DEBUG` config key. This is
+        enabled when :attr:`env` is ``'development'`` and is overridden
+        by the ``FLASK_DEBUG`` environment variable. It may not behave as
+        expected if set in code.
+
+        **Do not enable debug mode when deploying in production.**
+
+        Default: ``True`` if :attr:`env` is ``'development'``, or
+        ``False`` otherwise.
+        """
+        return self.config["DEBUG"]
+
+    @debug.setter
+    def debug(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.config["DEBUG"] = value
+        self.jinja_env.auto_reload = self.templates_auto_reload
+
+    def run(
+        self,
+        host: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        port: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        debug: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        load_dotenv: bool = True,
+        **options: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Runs the application on a local development server.
+
+        Do not use ``run()`` in a production setting. It is not intended to
+        meet security and performance requirements for a production server.
+        Instead, see :doc:`/deploying/index` for WSGI server recommendations.
+
+        If the :attr:`debug` flag is set the server will automatically reload
+        for code changes and show a debugger in case an exception happened.
+
+        If you want to run the application in debug mode, but disable the
+        code execution on the interactive debugger, you can pass
+        ``use_evalex=False`` as parameter.  This will keep the debugger's
+        traceback screen active, but disable code execution.
+
+        It is not recommended to use this function for development with
+        automatic reloading as this is badly supported.  Instead you should
+        be using the :command:`flask` command line script's ``run`` support.
+
+        .. admonition:: Keep in Mind
+
+           Flask will suppress any server error with a generic error page
+           unless it is in debug mode.  As such to enable just the
+           interactive debugger without the code reloading, you have to
+           invoke :meth:`run` with ``debug=True`` and ``use_reloader=False``.
+           Setting ``use_debugger`` to ``True`` without being in debug mode
+           won't catch any exceptions because there won't be any to
+           catch.
+
+        :param host: the hostname to listen on. Set this to ``'0.0.0.0'`` to
+            have the server available externally as well. Defaults to
+            ``'127.0.0.1'`` or the host in the ``SERVER_NAME`` config variable
+            if present.
+        :param port: the port of the webserver. Defaults to ``5000`` or the
+            port defined in the ``SERVER_NAME`` config variable if present.
+        :param debug: if given, enable or disable debug mode. See
+            :attr:`debug`.
+        :param load_dotenv: Load the nearest :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv`
+            files to set environment variables. Will also change the working
+            directory to the directory containing the first file found.
+        :param options: the options to be forwarded to the underlying Werkzeug
+            server. See :func:`werkzeug.serving.run_simple` for more
+            information.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+            If installed, python-dotenv will be used to load environment
+            variables from :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv` files.
+
+            If set, the :envvar:`FLASK_ENV` and :envvar:`FLASK_DEBUG`
+            environment variables will override :attr:`env` and
+            :attr:`debug`.
+
+            Threaded mode is enabled by default.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.10
+            The default port is now picked from the ``SERVER_NAME``
+            variable.
+        """
+        # Change this into a no-op if the server is invoked from the
+        # command line. Have a look at cli.py for more information.
+        if os.environ.get("FLASK_RUN_FROM_CLI") == "true":
+            from .debughelpers import explain_ignored_app_run
+
+            explain_ignored_app_run()
+            return
+
+        if get_load_dotenv(load_dotenv):
+            cli.load_dotenv()
+
+            # if set, let env vars override previous values
+            if "FLASK_ENV" in os.environ:
+                self.env = get_env()
+                self.debug = get_debug_flag()
+            elif "FLASK_DEBUG" in os.environ:
+                self.debug = get_debug_flag()
+
+        # debug passed to method overrides all other sources
+        if debug is not None:
+            self.debug = bool(debug)
+
+        server_name = self.config.get("SERVER_NAME")
+        sn_host = sn_port = None
+
+        if server_name:
+            sn_host, _, sn_port = server_name.partition(":")
+
+        if not host:
+            if sn_host:
+                host = sn_host
+            else:
+                host = "127.0.0.1"
+
+        if port or port == 0:
+            port = int(port)
+        elif sn_port:
+            port = int(sn_port)
+        else:
+            port = 5000
+
+        options.setdefault("use_reloader", self.debug)
+        options.setdefault("use_debugger", self.debug)
+        options.setdefault("threaded", True)
+
+        cli.show_server_banner(self.env, self.debug, self.name, False)
+
+        from werkzeug.serving import run_simple
+
+        try:
+            run_simple(t.cast(str, host), port, self, **options)
+        finally:
+            # reset the first request information if the development server
+            # reset normally.  This makes it possible to restart the server
+            # without reloader and that stuff from an interactive shell.
+            self._got_first_request = False
+
+    def test_client(self, use_cookies: bool = True, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "FlaskClient":
+        """Creates a test client for this application.  For information
+        about unit testing head over to :doc:`/testing`.
+
+        Note that if you are testing for assertions or exceptions in your
+        application code, you must set ``app.testing = True`` in order for the
+        exceptions to propagate to the test client.  Otherwise, the exception
+        will be handled by the application (not visible to the test client) and
+        the only indication of an AssertionError or other exception will be a
+        500 status code response to the test client.  See the :attr:`testing`
+        attribute.  For example::
+
+            app.testing = True
+            client = app.test_client()
+
+        The test client can be used in a ``with`` block to defer the closing down
+        of the context until the end of the ``with`` block.  This is useful if
+        you want to access the context locals for testing::
+
+            with app.test_client() as c:
+                rv = c.get('/?vodka=42')
+                assert request.args['vodka'] == '42'
+
+        Additionally, you may pass optional keyword arguments that will then
+        be passed to the application's :attr:`test_client_class` constructor.
+        For example::
+
+            from flask.testing import FlaskClient
+
+            class CustomClient(FlaskClient):
+                def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                    self._authentication = kwargs.pop("authentication")
+                    super(CustomClient,self).__init__( *args, **kwargs)
+
+            app.test_client_class = CustomClient
+            client = app.test_client(authentication='Basic ....')
+
+        See :class:`~flask.testing.FlaskClient` for more information.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.4
+           added support for ``with`` block usage for the client.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+           The `use_cookies` parameter was added as well as the ability
+           to override the client to be used by setting the
+           :attr:`test_client_class` attribute.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.11
+           Added `**kwargs` to support passing additional keyword arguments to
+           the constructor of :attr:`test_client_class`.
+        """
+        cls = self.test_client_class
+        if cls is None:
+            from .testing import FlaskClient as cls  # type: ignore
+        return cls(  # type: ignore
+            self, self.response_class, use_cookies=use_cookies, **kwargs
+        )
+
+    def test_cli_runner(self, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "FlaskCliRunner":
+        """Create a CLI runner for testing CLI commands.
+        See :ref:`testing-cli`.
+
+        Returns an instance of :attr:`test_cli_runner_class`, by default
+        :class:`~flask.testing.FlaskCliRunner`. The Flask app object is
+        passed as the first argument.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+        """
+        cls = self.test_cli_runner_class
+
+        if cls is None:
+            from .testing import FlaskCliRunner as cls  # type: ignore
+
+        return cls(self, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def register_blueprint(self, blueprint: "Blueprint", **options: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Register a :class:`~flask.Blueprint` on the application. Keyword
+        arguments passed to this method will override the defaults set on the
+        blueprint.
+
+        Calls the blueprint's :meth:`~flask.Blueprint.register` method after
+        recording the blueprint in the application's :attr:`blueprints`.
+
+        :param blueprint: The blueprint to register.
+        :param url_prefix: Blueprint routes will be prefixed with this.
+        :param subdomain: Blueprint routes will match on this subdomain.
+        :param url_defaults: Blueprint routes will use these default values for
+            view arguments.
+        :param options: Additional keyword arguments are passed to
+            :class:`~flask.blueprints.BlueprintSetupState`. They can be
+            accessed in :meth:`~flask.Blueprint.record` callbacks.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0.1
+            The ``name`` option can be used to change the (pre-dotted)
+            name the blueprint is registered with. This allows the same
+            blueprint to be registered multiple times with unique names
+            for ``url_for``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        blueprint.register(self, options)
+
+    def iter_blueprints(self) -> t.ValuesView["Blueprint"]:
+        """Iterates over all blueprints by the order they were registered.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+        """
+        return self.blueprints.values()
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def add_url_rule(
+        self,
+        rule: str,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
+        provide_automatic_options: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        **options: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        if endpoint is None:
+            endpoint = _endpoint_from_view_func(view_func)  # type: ignore
+        options["endpoint"] = endpoint
+        methods = options.pop("methods", None)
+
+        # if the methods are not given and the view_func object knows its
+        # methods we can use that instead.  If neither exists, we go with
+        # a tuple of only ``GET`` as default.
+        if methods is None:
+            methods = getattr(view_func, "methods", None) or ("GET",)
+        if isinstance(methods, str):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Allowed methods must be a list of strings, for"
+                ' example: @app.route(..., methods=["POST"])'
+            )
+        methods = {item.upper() for item in methods}
+
+        # Methods that should always be added
+        required_methods = set(getattr(view_func, "required_methods", ()))
+
+        # starting with Flask 0.8 the view_func object can disable and
+        # force-enable the automatic options handling.
+        if provide_automatic_options is None:
+            provide_automatic_options = getattr(
+                view_func, "provide_automatic_options", None
+            )
+
+        if provide_automatic_options is None:
+            if "OPTIONS" not in methods:
+                provide_automatic_options = True
+                required_methods.add("OPTIONS")
+            else:
+                provide_automatic_options = False
+
+        # Add the required methods now.
+        methods |= required_methods
+
+        rule = self.url_rule_class(rule, methods=methods, **options)
+        rule.provide_automatic_options = provide_automatic_options  # type: ignore
+
+        self.url_map.add(rule)
+        if view_func is not None:
+            old_func = self.view_functions.get(endpoint)
+            if old_func is not None and old_func != view_func:
+                raise AssertionError(
+                    "View function mapping is overwriting an existing"
+                    f" endpoint function: {endpoint}"
+                )
+            self.view_functions[endpoint] = view_func
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def template_filter(
+        self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateFilterCallable], TemplateFilterCallable]:
+        """A decorator that is used to register custom template filter.
+        You can specify a name for the filter, otherwise the function
+        name will be used. Example::
+
+          @app.template_filter()
+          def reverse(s):
+              return s[::-1]
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the filter, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+
+        def decorator(f: TemplateFilterCallable) -> TemplateFilterCallable:
+            self.add_template_filter(f, name=name)
+            return f
+
+        return decorator
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def add_template_filter(
+        self, f: TemplateFilterCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Register a custom template filter.  Works exactly like the
+        :meth:`template_filter` decorator.
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the filter, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+        self.jinja_env.filters[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def template_test(
+        self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateTestCallable], TemplateTestCallable]:
+        """A decorator that is used to register custom template test.
+        You can specify a name for the test, otherwise the function
+        name will be used. Example::
+
+          @app.template_test()
+          def is_prime(n):
+              if n == 2:
+                  return True
+              for i in range(2, int(math.ceil(math.sqrt(n))) + 1):
+                  if n % i == 0:
+                      return False
+              return True
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the test, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+
+        def decorator(f: TemplateTestCallable) -> TemplateTestCallable:
+            self.add_template_test(f, name=name)
+            return f
+
+        return decorator
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def add_template_test(
+        self, f: TemplateTestCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Register a custom template test.  Works exactly like the
+        :meth:`template_test` decorator.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the test, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+        self.jinja_env.tests[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def template_global(
+        self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateGlobalCallable], TemplateGlobalCallable]:
+        """A decorator that is used to register a custom template global function.
+        You can specify a name for the global function, otherwise the function
+        name will be used. Example::
+
+            @app.template_global()
+            def double(n):
+                return 2 * n
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the global function, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+
+        def decorator(f: TemplateGlobalCallable) -> TemplateGlobalCallable:
+            self.add_template_global(f, name=name)
+            return f
+
+        return decorator
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def add_template_global(
+        self, f: TemplateGlobalCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Register a custom template global function. Works exactly like the
+        :meth:`template_global` decorator.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the global function, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+        self.jinja_env.globals[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def before_first_request(
+        self, f: BeforeFirstRequestCallable
+    ) -> BeforeFirstRequestCallable:
+        """Registers a function to be run before the first request to this
+        instance of the application.
+
+        The function will be called without any arguments and its return
+        value is ignored.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        """
+        self.before_first_request_funcs.append(f)
+        return f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def teardown_appcontext(self, f: TeardownCallable) -> TeardownCallable:
+        """Registers a function to be called when the application context
+        ends.  These functions are typically also called when the request
+        context is popped.
+
+        Example::
+
+            ctx = app.app_context()
+            ctx.push()
+            ...
+            ctx.pop()
+
+        When ``ctx.pop()`` is executed in the above example, the teardown
+        functions are called just before the app context moves from the
+        stack of active contexts.  This becomes relevant if you are using
+        such constructs in tests.
+
+        Since a request context typically also manages an application
+        context it would also be called when you pop a request context.
+
+        When a teardown function was called because of an unhandled exception
+        it will be passed an error object. If an :meth:`errorhandler` is
+        registered, it will handle the exception and the teardown will not
+        receive it.
+
+        The return values of teardown functions are ignored.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        """
+        self.teardown_appcontext_funcs.append(f)
+        return f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def shell_context_processor(self, f: t.Callable) -> t.Callable:
+        """Registers a shell context processor function.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+        """
+        self.shell_context_processors.append(f)
+        return f
+
+    def _find_error_handler(
+        self, e: Exception
+    ) -> t.Optional["ErrorHandlerCallable[Exception]"]:
+        """Return a registered error handler for an exception in this order:
+        blueprint handler for a specific code, app handler for a specific code,
+        blueprint handler for an exception class, app handler for an exception
+        class, or ``None`` if a suitable handler is not found.
+        """
+        exc_class, code = self._get_exc_class_and_code(type(e))
+        names = (*request.blueprints, None)
+
+        for c in (code, None) if code is not None else (None,):
+            for name in names:
+                handler_map = self.error_handler_spec[name][c]
+
+                if not handler_map:
+                    continue
+
+                for cls in exc_class.__mro__:
+                    handler = handler_map.get(cls)
+
+                    if handler is not None:
+                        return handler
+        return None
+
+    def handle_http_exception(
+        self, e: HTTPException
+    ) -> t.Union[HTTPException, ResponseReturnValue]:
+        """Handles an HTTP exception.  By default this will invoke the
+        registered error handlers and fall back to returning the
+        exception as response.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0.3
+            ``RoutingException``, used internally for actions such as
+             slash redirects during routing, is not passed to error
+             handlers.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+            Exceptions are looked up by code *and* by MRO, so
+            ``HTTPException`` subclasses can be handled with a catch-all
+            handler for the base ``HTTPException``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.3
+        """
+        # Proxy exceptions don't have error codes.  We want to always return
+        # those unchanged as errors
+        if e.code is None:
+            return e
+
+        # RoutingExceptions are used internally to trigger routing
+        # actions, such as slash redirects raising RequestRedirect. They
+        # are not raised or handled in user code.
+        if isinstance(e, RoutingException):
+            return e
+
+        handler = self._find_error_handler(e)
+        if handler is None:
+            return e
+        return self.ensure_sync(handler)(e)
+
+    def trap_http_exception(self, e: Exception) -> bool:
+        """Checks if an HTTP exception should be trapped or not.  By default
+        this will return ``False`` for all exceptions except for a bad request
+        key error if ``TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS`` is set to ``True``.  It
+        also returns ``True`` if ``TRAP_HTTP_EXCEPTIONS`` is set to ``True``.
+
+        This is called for all HTTP exceptions raised by a view function.
+        If it returns ``True`` for any exception the error handler for this
+        exception is not called and it shows up as regular exception in the
+        traceback.  This is helpful for debugging implicitly raised HTTP
+        exceptions.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+            Bad request errors are not trapped by default in debug mode.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        """
+        if self.config["TRAP_HTTP_EXCEPTIONS"]:
+            return True
+
+        trap_bad_request = self.config["TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS"]
+
+        # if unset, trap key errors in debug mode
+        if (
+            trap_bad_request is None
+            and self.debug
+            and isinstance(e, BadRequestKeyError)
+        ):
+            return True
+
+        if trap_bad_request:
+            return isinstance(e, BadRequest)
+
+        return False
+
+    def handle_user_exception(
+        self, e: Exception
+    ) -> t.Union[HTTPException, ResponseReturnValue]:
+        """This method is called whenever an exception occurs that
+        should be handled. A special case is :class:`~werkzeug
+        .exceptions.HTTPException` which is forwarded to the
+        :meth:`handle_http_exception` method. This function will either
+        return a response value or reraise the exception with the same
+        traceback.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+            Key errors raised from request data like ``form`` show the
+            bad key in debug mode rather than a generic bad request
+            message.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        if isinstance(e, BadRequestKeyError) and (
+            self.debug or self.config["TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS"]
+        ):
+            e.show_exception = True
+
+        if isinstance(e, HTTPException) and not self.trap_http_exception(e):
+            return self.handle_http_exception(e)
+
+        handler = self._find_error_handler(e)
+
+        if handler is None:
+            raise
+
+        return self.ensure_sync(handler)(e)
+
+    def handle_exception(self, e: Exception) -> Response:
+        """Handle an exception that did not have an error handler
+        associated with it, or that was raised from an error handler.
+        This always causes a 500 ``InternalServerError``.
+
+        Always sends the :data:`got_request_exception` signal.
+
+        If :attr:`propagate_exceptions` is ``True``, such as in debug
+        mode, the error will be re-raised so that the debugger can
+        display it. Otherwise, the original exception is logged, and
+        an :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.InternalServerError` is returned.
+
+        If an error handler is registered for ``InternalServerError`` or
+        ``500``, it will be used. For consistency, the handler will
+        always receive the ``InternalServerError``. The original
+        unhandled exception is available as ``e.original_exception``.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+            Always passes the ``InternalServerError`` instance to the
+            handler, setting ``original_exception`` to the unhandled
+            error.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+            ``after_request`` functions and other finalization is done
+            even for the default 500 response when there is no handler.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.3
+        """
+        exc_info = sys.exc_info()
+        got_request_exception.send(self, exception=e)
+
+        if self.propagate_exceptions:
+            # Re-raise if called with an active exception, otherwise
+            # raise the passed in exception.
+            if exc_info[1] is e:
+                raise
+
+            raise e
+
+        self.log_exception(exc_info)
+        server_error: t.Union[InternalServerError, ResponseReturnValue]
+        server_error = InternalServerError(original_exception=e)
+        handler = self._find_error_handler(server_error)
+
+        if handler is not None:
+            server_error = self.ensure_sync(handler)(server_error)
+
+        return self.finalize_request(server_error, from_error_handler=True)
+
+    def log_exception(
+        self,
+        exc_info: t.Union[
+            t.Tuple[type, BaseException, TracebackType], t.Tuple[None, None, None]
+        ],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Logs an exception.  This is called by :meth:`handle_exception`
+        if debugging is disabled and right before the handler is called.
+        The default implementation logs the exception as error on the
+        :attr:`logger`.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        """
+        self.logger.error(
+            f"Exception on {request.path} [{request.method}]", exc_info=exc_info
+        )
+
+    def raise_routing_exception(self, request: Request) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        """Exceptions that are recording during routing are reraised with
+        this method.  During debug we are not reraising redirect requests
+        for non ``GET``, ``HEAD``, or ``OPTIONS`` requests and we're raising
+        a different error instead to help debug situations.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        if (
+            not self.debug
+            or not isinstance(request.routing_exception, RequestRedirect)
+            or request.method in ("GET", "HEAD", "OPTIONS")
+        ):
+            raise request.routing_exception  # type: ignore
+
+        from .debughelpers import FormDataRoutingRedirect
+
+        raise FormDataRoutingRedirect(request)
+
+    def dispatch_request(self) -> ResponseReturnValue:
+        """Does the request dispatching.  Matches the URL and returns the
+        return value of the view or error handler.  This does not have to
+        be a response object.  In order to convert the return value to a
+        proper response object, call :func:`make_response`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.7
+           This no longer does the exception handling, this code was
+           moved to the new :meth:`full_dispatch_request`.
+        """
+        req = _request_ctx_stack.top.request
+        if req.routing_exception is not None:
+            self.raise_routing_exception(req)
+        rule = req.url_rule
+        # if we provide automatic options for this URL and the
+        # request came with the OPTIONS method, reply automatically
+        if (
+            getattr(rule, "provide_automatic_options", False)
+            and req.method == "OPTIONS"
+        ):
+            return self.make_default_options_response()
+        # otherwise dispatch to the handler for that endpoint
+        return self.ensure_sync(self.view_functions[rule.endpoint])(**req.view_args)
+
+    def full_dispatch_request(self) -> Response:
+        """Dispatches the request and on top of that performs request
+        pre and postprocessing as well as HTTP exception catching and
+        error handling.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        self.try_trigger_before_first_request_functions()
+        try:
+            request_started.send(self)
+            rv = self.preprocess_request()
+            if rv is None:
+                rv = self.dispatch_request()
+        except Exception as e:
+            rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
+        return self.finalize_request(rv)
+
+    def finalize_request(
+        self,
+        rv: t.Union[ResponseReturnValue, HTTPException],
+        from_error_handler: bool = False,
+    ) -> Response:
+        """Given the return value from a view function this finalizes
+        the request by converting it into a response and invoking the
+        postprocessing functions.  This is invoked for both normal
+        request dispatching as well as error handlers.
+
+        Because this means that it might be called as a result of a
+        failure a special safe mode is available which can be enabled
+        with the `from_error_handler` flag.  If enabled, failures in
+        response processing will be logged and otherwise ignored.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        response = self.make_response(rv)
+        try:
+            response = self.process_response(response)
+            request_finished.send(self, response=response)
+        except Exception:
+            if not from_error_handler:
+                raise
+            self.logger.exception(
+                "Request finalizing failed with an error while handling an error"
+            )
+        return response
+
+    def try_trigger_before_first_request_functions(self) -> None:
+        """Called before each request and will ensure that it triggers
+        the :attr:`before_first_request_funcs` and only exactly once per
+        application instance (which means process usually).
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        if self._got_first_request:
+            return
+        with self._before_request_lock:
+            if self._got_first_request:
+                return
+            for func in self.before_first_request_funcs:
+                self.ensure_sync(func)()
+            self._got_first_request = True
+
+    def make_default_options_response(self) -> Response:
+        """This method is called to create the default ``OPTIONS`` response.
+        This can be changed through subclassing to change the default
+        behavior of ``OPTIONS`` responses.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        adapter = _request_ctx_stack.top.url_adapter
+        methods = adapter.allowed_methods()
+        rv = self.response_class()
+        rv.allow.update(methods)
+        return rv
+
+    def should_ignore_error(self, error: t.Optional[BaseException]) -> bool:
+        """This is called to figure out if an error should be ignored
+        or not as far as the teardown system is concerned.  If this
+        function returns ``True`` then the teardown handlers will not be
+        passed the error.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+        """
+        return False
+
+    def ensure_sync(self, func: t.Callable) -> t.Callable:
+        """Ensure that the function is synchronous for WSGI workers.
+        Plain ``def`` functions are returned as-is. ``async def``
+        functions are wrapped to run and wait for the response.
+
+        Override this method to change how the app runs async views.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        """
+        if iscoroutinefunction(func):
+            return self.async_to_sync(func)
+
+        return func
+
+    def async_to_sync(
+        self, func: t.Callable[..., t.Coroutine]
+    ) -> t.Callable[..., t.Any]:
+        """Return a sync function that will run the coroutine function.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            result = app.async_to_sync(func)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        Override this method to change how the app converts async code
+        to be synchronously callable.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        """
+        try:
+            from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync as asgiref_async_to_sync
+        except ImportError:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Install Flask with the 'async' extra in order to use async views."
+            ) from None
+
+        # Check that Werkzeug isn't using its fallback ContextVar class.
+        if ContextVar.__module__ == "werkzeug.local":
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Async cannot be used with this combination of Python "
+                "and Greenlet versions."
+            )
+
+        return asgiref_async_to_sync(func)
+
+    def make_response(self, rv: ResponseReturnValue) -> Response:
+        """Convert the return value from a view function to an instance of
+        :attr:`response_class`.
+
+        :param rv: the return value from the view function. The view function
+            must return a response. Returning ``None``, or the view ending
+            without returning, is not allowed. The following types are allowed
+            for ``view_rv``:
+
+            ``str``
+                A response object is created with the string encoded to UTF-8
+                as the body.
+
+            ``bytes``
+                A response object is created with the bytes as the body.
+
+            ``dict``
+                A dictionary that will be jsonify'd before being returned.
+
+            ``tuple``
+                Either ``(body, status, headers)``, ``(body, status)``, or
+                ``(body, headers)``, where ``body`` is any of the other types
+                allowed here, ``status`` is a string or an integer, and
+                ``headers`` is a dictionary or a list of ``(key, value)``
+                tuples. If ``body`` is a :attr:`response_class` instance,
+                ``status`` overwrites the exiting value and ``headers`` are
+                extended.
+
+            :attr:`response_class`
+                The object is returned unchanged.
+
+            other :class:`~werkzeug.wrappers.Response` class
+                The object is coerced to :attr:`response_class`.
+
+            :func:`callable`
+                The function is called as a WSGI application. The result is
+                used to create a response object.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+           Previously a tuple was interpreted as the arguments for the
+           response object.
+        """
+
+        status = headers = None
+
+        # unpack tuple returns
+        if isinstance(rv, tuple):
+            len_rv = len(rv)
+
+            # a 3-tuple is unpacked directly
+            if len_rv == 3:
+                rv, status, headers = rv
+            # decide if a 2-tuple has status or headers
+            elif len_rv == 2:
+                if isinstance(rv[1], (Headers, dict, tuple, list)):
+                    rv, headers = rv
+                else:
+                    rv, status = rv
+            # other sized tuples are not allowed
+            else:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "The view function did not return a valid response tuple."
+                    " The tuple must have the form (body, status, headers),"
+                    " (body, status), or (body, headers)."
+                )
+
+        # the body must not be None
+        if rv is None:
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"The view function for {request.endpoint!r} did not"
+                " return a valid response. The function either returned"
+                " None or ended without a return statement."
+            )
+
+        # make sure the body is an instance of the response class
+        if not isinstance(rv, self.response_class):
+            if isinstance(rv, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+                # let the response class set the status and headers instead of
+                # waiting to do it manually, so that the class can handle any
+                # special logic
+                rv = self.response_class(rv, status=status, headers=headers)
+                status = headers = None
+            elif isinstance(rv, dict):
+                rv = jsonify(rv)
+            elif isinstance(rv, BaseResponse) or callable(rv):
+                # evaluate a WSGI callable, or coerce a different response
+                # class to the correct type
+                try:
+                    rv = self.response_class.force_type(rv, request.environ)  # type: ignore  # noqa: B950
+                except TypeError as e:
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        f"{e}\nThe view function did not return a valid"
+                        " response. The return type must be a string,"
+                        " dict, tuple, Response instance, or WSGI"
+                        f" callable, but it was a {type(rv).__name__}."
+                    ).with_traceback(sys.exc_info()[2]) from None
+            else:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "The view function did not return a valid"
+                    " response. The return type must be a string,"
+                    " dict, tuple, Response instance, or WSGI"
+                    f" callable, but it was a {type(rv).__name__}."
+                )
+
+        rv = t.cast(Response, rv)
+        # prefer the status if it was provided
+        if status is not None:
+            if isinstance(status, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+                rv.status = status  # type: ignore
+            else:
+                rv.status_code = status
+
+        # extend existing headers with provided headers
+        if headers:
+            rv.headers.update(headers)
+
+        return rv
+
+    def create_url_adapter(
+        self, request: t.Optional[Request]
+    ) -> t.Optional[MapAdapter]:
+        """Creates a URL adapter for the given request. The URL adapter
+        is created at a point where the request context is not yet set
+        up so the request is passed explicitly.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+           This can now also be called without a request object when the
+           URL adapter is created for the application context.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+            :data:`SERVER_NAME` no longer implicitly enables subdomain
+            matching. Use :attr:`subdomain_matching` instead.
+        """
+        if request is not None:
+            # If subdomain matching is disabled (the default), use the
+            # default subdomain in all cases. This should be the default
+            # in Werkzeug but it currently does not have that feature.
+            if not self.subdomain_matching:
+                subdomain = self.url_map.default_subdomain or None
+            else:
+                subdomain = None
+
+            return self.url_map.bind_to_environ(
+                request.environ,
+                server_name=self.config["SERVER_NAME"],
+                subdomain=subdomain,
+            )
+        # We need at the very least the server name to be set for this
+        # to work.
+        if self.config["SERVER_NAME"] is not None:
+            return self.url_map.bind(
+                self.config["SERVER_NAME"],
+                script_name=self.config["APPLICATION_ROOT"],
+                url_scheme=self.config["PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME"],
+            )
+
+        return None
+
+    def inject_url_defaults(self, endpoint: str, values: dict) -> None:
+        """Injects the URL defaults for the given endpoint directly into
+        the values dictionary passed.  This is used internally and
+        automatically called on URL building.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        names: t.Iterable[t.Optional[str]] = (None,)
+
+        # url_for may be called outside a request context, parse the
+        # passed endpoint instead of using request.blueprints.
+        if "." in endpoint:
+            names = chain(
+                names, reversed(_split_blueprint_path(endpoint.rpartition(".")[0]))
+            )
+
+        for name in names:
+            if name in self.url_default_functions:
+                for func in self.url_default_functions[name]:
+                    func(endpoint, values)
+
+    def handle_url_build_error(
+        self, error: Exception, endpoint: str, values: dict
+    ) -> str:
+        """Handle :class:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError` on
+        :meth:`url_for`.
+        """
+        for handler in self.url_build_error_handlers:
+            try:
+                rv = handler(error, endpoint, values)
+            except BuildError as e:
+                # make error available outside except block
+                error = e
+            else:
+                if rv is not None:
+                    return rv
+
+        # Re-raise if called with an active exception, otherwise raise
+        # the passed in exception.
+        if error is sys.exc_info()[1]:
+            raise
+
+        raise error
+
+    def preprocess_request(self) -> t.Optional[ResponseReturnValue]:
+        """Called before the request is dispatched. Calls
+        :attr:`url_value_preprocessors` registered with the app and the
+        current blueprint (if any). Then calls :attr:`before_request_funcs`
+        registered with the app and the blueprint.
+
+        If any :meth:`before_request` handler returns a non-None value, the
+        value is handled as if it was the return value from the view, and
+        further request handling is stopped.
+        """
+        names = (None, *reversed(request.blueprints))
+
+        for name in names:
+            if name in self.url_value_preprocessors:
+                for url_func in self.url_value_preprocessors[name]:
+                    url_func(request.endpoint, request.view_args)
+
+        for name in names:
+            if name in self.before_request_funcs:
+                for before_func in self.before_request_funcs[name]:
+                    rv = self.ensure_sync(before_func)()
+
+                    if rv is not None:
+                        return rv
+
+        return None
+
+    def process_response(self, response: Response) -> Response:
+        """Can be overridden in order to modify the response object
+        before it's sent to the WSGI server.  By default this will
+        call all the :meth:`after_request` decorated functions.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+           As of Flask 0.5 the functions registered for after request
+           execution are called in reverse order of registration.
+
+        :param response: a :attr:`response_class` object.
+        :return: a new response object or the same, has to be an
+                 instance of :attr:`response_class`.
+        """
+        ctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+
+        for func in ctx._after_request_functions:
+            response = self.ensure_sync(func)(response)
+
+        for name in chain(request.blueprints, (None,)):
+            if name in self.after_request_funcs:
+                for func in reversed(self.after_request_funcs[name]):
+                    response = self.ensure_sync(func)(response)
+
+        if not self.session_interface.is_null_session(ctx.session):
+            self.session_interface.save_session(self, ctx.session, response)
+
+        return response
+
+    def do_teardown_request(
+        self, exc: t.Optional[BaseException] = _sentinel  # type: ignore
+    ) -> None:
+        """Called after the request is dispatched and the response is
+        returned, right before the request context is popped.
+
+        This calls all functions decorated with
+        :meth:`teardown_request`, and :meth:`Blueprint.teardown_request`
+        if a blueprint handled the request. Finally, the
+        :data:`request_tearing_down` signal is sent.
+
+        This is called by
+        :meth:`RequestContext.pop() <flask.ctx.RequestContext.pop>`,
+        which may be delayed during testing to maintain access to
+        resources.
+
+        :param exc: An unhandled exception raised while dispatching the
+            request. Detected from the current exception information if
+            not passed. Passed to each teardown function.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+            Added the ``exc`` argument.
+        """
+        if exc is _sentinel:
+            exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+
+        for name in chain(request.blueprints, (None,)):
+            if name in self.teardown_request_funcs:
+                for func in reversed(self.teardown_request_funcs[name]):
+                    self.ensure_sync(func)(exc)
+
+        request_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)
+
+    def do_teardown_appcontext(
+        self, exc: t.Optional[BaseException] = _sentinel  # type: ignore
+    ) -> None:
+        """Called right before the application context is popped.
+
+        When handling a request, the application context is popped
+        after the request context. See :meth:`do_teardown_request`.
+
+        This calls all functions decorated with
+        :meth:`teardown_appcontext`. Then the
+        :data:`appcontext_tearing_down` signal is sent.
+
+        This is called by
+        :meth:`AppContext.pop() <flask.ctx.AppContext.pop>`.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        """
+        if exc is _sentinel:
+            exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+
+        for func in reversed(self.teardown_appcontext_funcs):
+            self.ensure_sync(func)(exc)
+
+        appcontext_tearing_down.send(self, exc=exc)
+
+    def app_context(self) -> AppContext:
+        """Create an :class:`~flask.ctx.AppContext`. Use as a ``with``
+        block to push the context, which will make :data:`current_app`
+        point at this application.
+
+        An application context is automatically pushed by
+        :meth:`RequestContext.push() <flask.ctx.RequestContext.push>`
+        when handling a request, and when running a CLI command. Use
+        this to manually create a context outside of these situations.
+
+        ::
+
+            with app.app_context():
+                init_db()
+
+        See :doc:`/appcontext`.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        """
+        return AppContext(self)
+
+    def request_context(self, environ: dict) -> RequestContext:
+        """Create a :class:`~flask.ctx.RequestContext` representing a
+        WSGI environment. Use a ``with`` block to push the context,
+        which will make :data:`request` point at this request.
+
+        See :doc:`/reqcontext`.
+
+        Typically you should not call this from your own code. A request
+        context is automatically pushed by the :meth:`wsgi_app` when
+        handling a request. Use :meth:`test_request_context` to create
+        an environment and context instead of this method.
+
+        :param environ: a WSGI environment
+        """
+        return RequestContext(self, environ)
+
+    def test_request_context(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> RequestContext:
+        """Create a :class:`~flask.ctx.RequestContext` for a WSGI
+        environment created from the given values. This is mostly useful
+        during testing, where you may want to run a function that uses
+        request data without dispatching a full request.
+
+        See :doc:`/reqcontext`.
+
+        Use a ``with`` block to push the context, which will make
+        :data:`request` point at the request for the created
+        environment. ::
+
+            with test_request_context(...):
+                generate_report()
+
+        When using the shell, it may be easier to push and pop the
+        context manually to avoid indentation. ::
+
+            ctx = app.test_request_context(...)
+            ctx.push()
+            ...
+            ctx.pop()
+
+        Takes the same arguments as Werkzeug's
+        :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`, with some defaults from
+        the application. See the linked Werkzeug docs for most of the
+        available arguments. Flask-specific behavior is listed here.
+
+        :param path: URL path being requested.
+        :param base_url: Base URL where the app is being served, which
+            ``path`` is relative to. If not given, built from
+            :data:`PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME`, ``subdomain``,
+            :data:`SERVER_NAME`, and :data:`APPLICATION_ROOT`.
+        :param subdomain: Subdomain name to append to
+            :data:`SERVER_NAME`.
+        :param url_scheme: Scheme to use instead of
+            :data:`PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME`.
+        :param data: The request body, either as a string or a dict of
+            form keys and values.
+        :param json: If given, this is serialized as JSON and passed as
+            ``data``. Also defaults ``content_type`` to
+            ``application/json``.
+        :param args: other positional arguments passed to
+            :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`.
+        :param kwargs: other keyword arguments passed to
+            :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`.
+        """
+        from .testing import EnvironBuilder
+
+        builder = EnvironBuilder(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        try:
+            return self.request_context(builder.get_environ())
+        finally:
+            builder.close()
+
+    def wsgi_app(self, environ: dict, start_response: t.Callable) -> t.Any:
+        """The actual WSGI application. This is not implemented in
+        :meth:`__call__` so that middlewares can be applied without
+        losing a reference to the app object. Instead of doing this::
+
+            app = MyMiddleware(app)
+
+        It's a better idea to do this instead::
+
+            app.wsgi_app = MyMiddleware(app.wsgi_app)
+
+        Then you still have the original application object around and
+        can continue to call methods on it.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.7
+            Teardown events for the request and app contexts are called
+            even if an unhandled error occurs. Other events may not be
+            called depending on when an error occurs during dispatch.
+            See :ref:`callbacks-and-errors`.
+
+        :param environ: A WSGI environment.
+        :param start_response: A callable accepting a status code,
+            a list of headers, and an optional exception context to
+            start the response.
+        """
+        ctx = self.request_context(environ)
+        error: t.Optional[BaseException] = None
+        try:
+            try:
+                ctx.push()
+                response = self.full_dispatch_request()
+            except Exception as e:
+                error = e
+                response = self.handle_exception(e)
+            except:  # noqa: B001
+                error = sys.exc_info()[1]
+                raise
+            return response(environ, start_response)
+        finally:
+            if self.should_ignore_error(error):
+                error = None
+            ctx.auto_pop(error)
+
+    def __call__(self, environ: dict, start_response: t.Callable) -> t.Any:
+        """The WSGI server calls the Flask application object as the
+        WSGI application. This calls :meth:`wsgi_app`, which can be
+        wrapped to apply middleware.
+        """
+        return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/blueprints.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/blueprints.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c23a73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/blueprints.py
@@ -0,0 +1,609 @@
+import os
+import typing as t
+from collections import defaultdict
+from functools import update_wrapper
+
+from .scaffold import _endpoint_from_view_func
+from .scaffold import _sentinel
+from .scaffold import Scaffold
+from .typing import AfterRequestCallable
+from .typing import BeforeFirstRequestCallable
+from .typing import BeforeRequestCallable
+from .typing import TeardownCallable
+from .typing import TemplateContextProcessorCallable
+from .typing import TemplateFilterCallable
+from .typing import TemplateGlobalCallable
+from .typing import TemplateTestCallable
+from .typing import URLDefaultCallable
+from .typing import URLValuePreprocessorCallable
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .app import Flask
+    from .typing import ErrorHandlerCallable
+
+DeferredSetupFunction = t.Callable[["BlueprintSetupState"], t.Callable]
+
+
+class BlueprintSetupState:
+    """Temporary holder object for registering a blueprint with the
+    application.  An instance of this class is created by the
+    :meth:`~flask.Blueprint.make_setup_state` method and later passed
+    to all register callback functions.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        blueprint: "Blueprint",
+        app: "Flask",
+        options: t.Any,
+        first_registration: bool,
+    ) -> None:
+        #: a reference to the current application
+        self.app = app
+
+        #: a reference to the blueprint that created this setup state.
+        self.blueprint = blueprint
+
+        #: a dictionary with all options that were passed to the
+        #: :meth:`~flask.Flask.register_blueprint` method.
+        self.options = options
+
+        #: as blueprints can be registered multiple times with the
+        #: application and not everything wants to be registered
+        #: multiple times on it, this attribute can be used to figure
+        #: out if the blueprint was registered in the past already.
+        self.first_registration = first_registration
+
+        subdomain = self.options.get("subdomain")
+        if subdomain is None:
+            subdomain = self.blueprint.subdomain
+
+        #: The subdomain that the blueprint should be active for, ``None``
+        #: otherwise.
+        self.subdomain = subdomain
+
+        url_prefix = self.options.get("url_prefix")
+        if url_prefix is None:
+            url_prefix = self.blueprint.url_prefix
+        #: The prefix that should be used for all URLs defined on the
+        #: blueprint.
+        self.url_prefix = url_prefix
+
+        self.name = self.options.get("name", blueprint.name)
+        self.name_prefix = self.options.get("name_prefix", "")
+
+        #: A dictionary with URL defaults that is added to each and every
+        #: URL that was defined with the blueprint.
+        self.url_defaults = dict(self.blueprint.url_values_defaults)
+        self.url_defaults.update(self.options.get("url_defaults", ()))
+
+    def add_url_rule(
+        self,
+        rule: str,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
+        **options: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """A helper method to register a rule (and optionally a view function)
+        to the application.  The endpoint is automatically prefixed with the
+        blueprint's name.
+        """
+        if self.url_prefix is not None:
+            if rule:
+                rule = "/".join((self.url_prefix.rstrip("/"), rule.lstrip("/")))
+            else:
+                rule = self.url_prefix
+        options.setdefault("subdomain", self.subdomain)
+        if endpoint is None:
+            endpoint = _endpoint_from_view_func(view_func)  # type: ignore
+        defaults = self.url_defaults
+        if "defaults" in options:
+            defaults = dict(defaults, **options.pop("defaults"))
+
+        self.app.add_url_rule(
+            rule,
+            f"{self.name_prefix}.{self.name}.{endpoint}".lstrip("."),
+            view_func,
+            defaults=defaults,
+            **options,
+        )
+
+
+class Blueprint(Scaffold):
+    """Represents a blueprint, a collection of routes and other
+    app-related functions that can be registered on a real application
+    later.
+
+    A blueprint is an object that allows defining application functions
+    without requiring an application object ahead of time. It uses the
+    same decorators as :class:`~flask.Flask`, but defers the need for an
+    application by recording them for later registration.
+
+    Decorating a function with a blueprint creates a deferred function
+    that is called with :class:`~flask.blueprints.BlueprintSetupState`
+    when the blueprint is registered on an application.
+
+    See :doc:`/blueprints` for more information.
+
+    :param name: The name of the blueprint. Will be prepended to each
+        endpoint name.
+    :param import_name: The name of the blueprint package, usually
+        ``__name__``. This helps locate the ``root_path`` for the
+        blueprint.
+    :param static_folder: A folder with static files that should be
+        served by the blueprint's static route. The path is relative to
+        the blueprint's root path. Blueprint static files are disabled
+        by default.
+    :param static_url_path: The url to serve static files from.
+        Defaults to ``static_folder``. If the blueprint does not have
+        a ``url_prefix``, the app's static route will take precedence,
+        and the blueprint's static files won't be accessible.
+    :param template_folder: A folder with templates that should be added
+        to the app's template search path. The path is relative to the
+        blueprint's root path. Blueprint templates are disabled by
+        default. Blueprint templates have a lower precedence than those
+        in the app's templates folder.
+    :param url_prefix: A path to prepend to all of the blueprint's URLs,
+        to make them distinct from the rest of the app's routes.
+    :param subdomain: A subdomain that blueprint routes will match on by
+        default.
+    :param url_defaults: A dict of default values that blueprint routes
+        will receive by default.
+    :param root_path: By default, the blueprint will automatically set
+        this based on ``import_name``. In certain situations this
+        automatic detection can fail, so the path can be specified
+        manually instead.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+        Blueprints have a ``cli`` group to register nested CLI commands.
+        The ``cli_group`` parameter controls the name of the group under
+        the ``flask`` command.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+
+    warn_on_modifications = False
+    _got_registered_once = False
+
+    #: Blueprint local JSON encoder class to use. Set to ``None`` to use
+    #: the app's :class:`~flask.Flask.json_encoder`.
+    json_encoder = None
+    #: Blueprint local JSON decoder class to use. Set to ``None`` to use
+    #: the app's :class:`~flask.Flask.json_decoder`.
+    json_decoder = None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        import_name: str,
+        static_folder: t.Optional[t.Union[str, os.PathLike]] = None,
+        static_url_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        template_folder: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        url_prefix: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        subdomain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        url_defaults: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+        root_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        cli_group: t.Optional[str] = _sentinel,  # type: ignore
+    ):
+        super().__init__(
+            import_name=import_name,
+            static_folder=static_folder,
+            static_url_path=static_url_path,
+            template_folder=template_folder,
+            root_path=root_path,
+        )
+
+        if "." in name:
+            raise ValueError("'name' may not contain a dot '.' character.")
+
+        self.name = name
+        self.url_prefix = url_prefix
+        self.subdomain = subdomain
+        self.deferred_functions: t.List[DeferredSetupFunction] = []
+
+        if url_defaults is None:
+            url_defaults = {}
+
+        self.url_values_defaults = url_defaults
+        self.cli_group = cli_group
+        self._blueprints: t.List[t.Tuple["Blueprint", dict]] = []
+
+    def _is_setup_finished(self) -> bool:
+        return self.warn_on_modifications and self._got_registered_once
+
+    def record(self, func: t.Callable) -> None:
+        """Registers a function that is called when the blueprint is
+        registered on the application.  This function is called with the
+        state as argument as returned by the :meth:`make_setup_state`
+        method.
+        """
+        if self._got_registered_once and self.warn_on_modifications:
+            from warnings import warn
+
+            warn(
+                Warning(
+                    "The blueprint was already registered once but is"
+                    " getting modified now. These changes will not show"
+                    " up."
+                )
+            )
+        self.deferred_functions.append(func)
+
+    def record_once(self, func: t.Callable) -> None:
+        """Works like :meth:`record` but wraps the function in another
+        function that will ensure the function is only called once.  If the
+        blueprint is registered a second time on the application, the
+        function passed is not called.
+        """
+
+        def wrapper(state: BlueprintSetupState) -> None:
+            if state.first_registration:
+                func(state)
+
+        return self.record(update_wrapper(wrapper, func))
+
+    def make_setup_state(
+        self, app: "Flask", options: dict, first_registration: bool = False
+    ) -> BlueprintSetupState:
+        """Creates an instance of :meth:`~flask.blueprints.BlueprintSetupState`
+        object that is later passed to the register callback functions.
+        Subclasses can override this to return a subclass of the setup state.
+        """
+        return BlueprintSetupState(self, app, options, first_registration)
+
+    def register_blueprint(self, blueprint: "Blueprint", **options: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Register a :class:`~flask.Blueprint` on this blueprint. Keyword
+        arguments passed to this method will override the defaults set
+        on the blueprint.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0.1
+            The ``name`` option can be used to change the (pre-dotted)
+            name the blueprint is registered with. This allows the same
+            blueprint to be registered multiple times with unique names
+            for ``url_for``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        """
+        if blueprint is self:
+            raise ValueError("Cannot register a blueprint on itself")
+        self._blueprints.append((blueprint, options))
+
+    def register(self, app: "Flask", options: dict) -> None:
+        """Called by :meth:`Flask.register_blueprint` to register all
+        views and callbacks registered on the blueprint with the
+        application. Creates a :class:`.BlueprintSetupState` and calls
+        each :meth:`record` callback with it.
+
+        :param app: The application this blueprint is being registered
+            with.
+        :param options: Keyword arguments forwarded from
+            :meth:`~Flask.register_blueprint`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0.1
+            Nested blueprints are registered with their dotted name.
+            This allows different blueprints with the same name to be
+            nested at different locations.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0.1
+            The ``name`` option can be used to change the (pre-dotted)
+            name the blueprint is registered with. This allows the same
+            blueprint to be registered multiple times with unique names
+            for ``url_for``.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0.1
+            Registering the same blueprint with the same name multiple
+            times is deprecated and will become an error in Flask 2.1.
+        """
+        name_prefix = options.get("name_prefix", "")
+        self_name = options.get("name", self.name)
+        name = f"{name_prefix}.{self_name}".lstrip(".")
+
+        if name in app.blueprints:
+            existing_at = f" '{name}'" if self_name != name else ""
+
+            if app.blueprints[name] is not self:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"The name '{self_name}' is already registered for"
+                    f" a different blueprint{existing_at}. Use 'name='"
+                    " to provide a unique name."
+                )
+            else:
+                import warnings
+
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f"The name '{self_name}' is already registered for"
+                    f" this blueprint{existing_at}. Use 'name=' to"
+                    " provide a unique name. This will become an error"
+                    " in Flask 2.1.",
+                    stacklevel=4,
+                )
+
+        first_bp_registration = not any(bp is self for bp in app.blueprints.values())
+        first_name_registration = name not in app.blueprints
+
+        app.blueprints[name] = self
+        self._got_registered_once = True
+        state = self.make_setup_state(app, options, first_bp_registration)
+
+        if self.has_static_folder:
+            state.add_url_rule(
+                f"{self.static_url_path}/<path:filename>",
+                view_func=self.send_static_file,
+                endpoint="static",
+            )
+
+        # Merge blueprint data into parent.
+        if first_bp_registration or first_name_registration:
+
+            def extend(bp_dict, parent_dict):
+                for key, values in bp_dict.items():
+                    key = name if key is None else f"{name}.{key}"
+                    parent_dict[key].extend(values)
+
+            for key, value in self.error_handler_spec.items():
+                key = name if key is None else f"{name}.{key}"
+                value = defaultdict(
+                    dict,
+                    {
+                        code: {
+                            exc_class: func for exc_class, func in code_values.items()
+                        }
+                        for code, code_values in value.items()
+                    },
+                )
+                app.error_handler_spec[key] = value
+
+            for endpoint, func in self.view_functions.items():
+                app.view_functions[endpoint] = func
+
+            extend(self.before_request_funcs, app.before_request_funcs)
+            extend(self.after_request_funcs, app.after_request_funcs)
+            extend(
+                self.teardown_request_funcs,
+                app.teardown_request_funcs,
+            )
+            extend(self.url_default_functions, app.url_default_functions)
+            extend(self.url_value_preprocessors, app.url_value_preprocessors)
+            extend(self.template_context_processors, app.template_context_processors)
+
+        for deferred in self.deferred_functions:
+            deferred(state)
+
+        cli_resolved_group = options.get("cli_group", self.cli_group)
+
+        if self.cli.commands:
+            if cli_resolved_group is None:
+                app.cli.commands.update(self.cli.commands)
+            elif cli_resolved_group is _sentinel:
+                self.cli.name = name
+                app.cli.add_command(self.cli)
+            else:
+                self.cli.name = cli_resolved_group
+                app.cli.add_command(self.cli)
+
+        for blueprint, bp_options in self._blueprints:
+            bp_options = bp_options.copy()
+            bp_url_prefix = bp_options.get("url_prefix")
+
+            if bp_url_prefix is None:
+                bp_url_prefix = blueprint.url_prefix
+
+            if state.url_prefix is not None and bp_url_prefix is not None:
+                bp_options["url_prefix"] = (
+                    state.url_prefix.rstrip("/") + "/" + bp_url_prefix.lstrip("/")
+                )
+            elif bp_url_prefix is not None:
+                bp_options["url_prefix"] = bp_url_prefix
+            elif state.url_prefix is not None:
+                bp_options["url_prefix"] = state.url_prefix
+
+            bp_options["name_prefix"] = name
+            blueprint.register(app, bp_options)
+
+    def add_url_rule(
+        self,
+        rule: str,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
+        provide_automatic_options: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        **options: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Like :meth:`Flask.add_url_rule` but for a blueprint.  The endpoint for
+        the :func:`url_for` function is prefixed with the name of the blueprint.
+        """
+        if endpoint and "." in endpoint:
+            raise ValueError("'endpoint' may not contain a dot '.' character.")
+
+        if view_func and hasattr(view_func, "__name__") and "." in view_func.__name__:
+            raise ValueError("'view_func' name may not contain a dot '.' character.")
+
+        self.record(
+            lambda s: s.add_url_rule(
+                rule,
+                endpoint,
+                view_func,
+                provide_automatic_options=provide_automatic_options,
+                **options,
+            )
+        )
+
+    def app_template_filter(
+        self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateFilterCallable], TemplateFilterCallable]:
+        """Register a custom template filter, available application wide.  Like
+        :meth:`Flask.template_filter` but for a blueprint.
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the filter, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+
+        def decorator(f: TemplateFilterCallable) -> TemplateFilterCallable:
+            self.add_app_template_filter(f, name=name)
+            return f
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def add_app_template_filter(
+        self, f: TemplateFilterCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Register a custom template filter, available application wide.  Like
+        :meth:`Flask.add_template_filter` but for a blueprint.  Works exactly
+        like the :meth:`app_template_filter` decorator.
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the filter, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+
+        def register_template(state: BlueprintSetupState) -> None:
+            state.app.jinja_env.filters[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+        self.record_once(register_template)
+
+    def app_template_test(
+        self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateTestCallable], TemplateTestCallable]:
+        """Register a custom template test, available application wide.  Like
+        :meth:`Flask.template_test` but for a blueprint.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the test, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+
+        def decorator(f: TemplateTestCallable) -> TemplateTestCallable:
+            self.add_app_template_test(f, name=name)
+            return f
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def add_app_template_test(
+        self, f: TemplateTestCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Register a custom template test, available application wide.  Like
+        :meth:`Flask.add_template_test` but for a blueprint.  Works exactly
+        like the :meth:`app_template_test` decorator.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the test, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+
+        def register_template(state: BlueprintSetupState) -> None:
+            state.app.jinja_env.tests[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+        self.record_once(register_template)
+
+    def app_template_global(
+        self, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> t.Callable[[TemplateGlobalCallable], TemplateGlobalCallable]:
+        """Register a custom template global, available application wide.  Like
+        :meth:`Flask.template_global` but for a blueprint.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the global, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+
+        def decorator(f: TemplateGlobalCallable) -> TemplateGlobalCallable:
+            self.add_app_template_global(f, name=name)
+            return f
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def add_app_template_global(
+        self, f: TemplateGlobalCallable, name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Register a custom template global, available application wide.  Like
+        :meth:`Flask.add_template_global` but for a blueprint.  Works exactly
+        like the :meth:`app_template_global` decorator.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+        :param name: the optional name of the global, otherwise the
+                     function name will be used.
+        """
+
+        def register_template(state: BlueprintSetupState) -> None:
+            state.app.jinja_env.globals[name or f.__name__] = f
+
+        self.record_once(register_template)
+
+    def before_app_request(self, f: BeforeRequestCallable) -> BeforeRequestCallable:
+        """Like :meth:`Flask.before_request`.  Such a function is executed
+        before each request, even if outside of a blueprint.
+        """
+        self.record_once(
+            lambda s: s.app.before_request_funcs.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+        )
+        return f
+
+    def before_app_first_request(
+        self, f: BeforeFirstRequestCallable
+    ) -> BeforeFirstRequestCallable:
+        """Like :meth:`Flask.before_first_request`.  Such a function is
+        executed before the first request to the application.
+        """
+        self.record_once(lambda s: s.app.before_first_request_funcs.append(f))
+        return f
+
+    def after_app_request(self, f: AfterRequestCallable) -> AfterRequestCallable:
+        """Like :meth:`Flask.after_request` but for a blueprint.  Such a function
+        is executed after each request, even if outside of the blueprint.
+        """
+        self.record_once(
+            lambda s: s.app.after_request_funcs.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+        )
+        return f
+
+    def teardown_app_request(self, f: TeardownCallable) -> TeardownCallable:
+        """Like :meth:`Flask.teardown_request` but for a blueprint.  Such a
+        function is executed when tearing down each request, even if outside of
+        the blueprint.
+        """
+        self.record_once(
+            lambda s: s.app.teardown_request_funcs.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+        )
+        return f
+
+    def app_context_processor(
+        self, f: TemplateContextProcessorCallable
+    ) -> TemplateContextProcessorCallable:
+        """Like :meth:`Flask.context_processor` but for a blueprint.  Such a
+        function is executed each request, even if outside of the blueprint.
+        """
+        self.record_once(
+            lambda s: s.app.template_context_processors.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+        )
+        return f
+
+    def app_errorhandler(self, code: t.Union[t.Type[Exception], int]) -> t.Callable:
+        """Like :meth:`Flask.errorhandler` but for a blueprint.  This
+        handler is used for all requests, even if outside of the blueprint.
+        """
+
+        def decorator(
+            f: "ErrorHandlerCallable[Exception]",
+        ) -> "ErrorHandlerCallable[Exception]":
+            self.record_once(lambda s: s.app.errorhandler(code)(f))
+            return f
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def app_url_value_preprocessor(
+        self, f: URLValuePreprocessorCallable
+    ) -> URLValuePreprocessorCallable:
+        """Same as :meth:`url_value_preprocessor` but application wide."""
+        self.record_once(
+            lambda s: s.app.url_value_preprocessors.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+        )
+        return f
+
+    def app_url_defaults(self, f: URLDefaultCallable) -> URLDefaultCallable:
+        """Same as :meth:`url_defaults` but application wide."""
+        self.record_once(
+            lambda s: s.app.url_default_functions.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+        )
+        return f
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/cli.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/cli.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ab4fa1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/cli.py
@@ -0,0 +1,998 @@
+import ast
+import inspect
+import os
+import platform
+import re
+import sys
+import traceback
+import warnings
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from operator import attrgetter
+from threading import Lock
+from threading import Thread
+
+import click
+from werkzeug.utils import import_string
+
+from .globals import current_app
+from .helpers import get_debug_flag
+from .helpers import get_env
+from .helpers import get_load_dotenv
+
+try:
+    import dotenv
+except ImportError:
+    dotenv = None
+
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    ssl = None  # type: ignore
+
+
+class NoAppException(click.UsageError):
+    """Raised if an application cannot be found or loaded."""
+
+
+def find_best_app(script_info, module):
+    """Given a module instance this tries to find the best possible
+    application in the module or raises an exception.
+    """
+    from . import Flask
+
+    # Search for the most common names first.
+    for attr_name in ("app", "application"):
+        app = getattr(module, attr_name, None)
+
+        if isinstance(app, Flask):
+            return app
+
+    # Otherwise find the only object that is a Flask instance.
+    matches = [v for v in module.__dict__.values() if isinstance(v, Flask)]
+
+    if len(matches) == 1:
+        return matches[0]
+    elif len(matches) > 1:
+        raise NoAppException(
+            "Detected multiple Flask applications in module"
+            f" {module.__name__!r}. Use 'FLASK_APP={module.__name__}:name'"
+            f" to specify the correct one."
+        )
+
+    # Search for app factory functions.
+    for attr_name in ("create_app", "make_app"):
+        app_factory = getattr(module, attr_name, None)
+
+        if inspect.isfunction(app_factory):
+            try:
+                app = call_factory(script_info, app_factory)
+
+                if isinstance(app, Flask):
+                    return app
+            except TypeError as e:
+                if not _called_with_wrong_args(app_factory):
+                    raise
+
+                raise NoAppException(
+                    f"Detected factory {attr_name!r} in module {module.__name__!r},"
+                    " but could not call it without arguments. Use"
+                    f" \"FLASK_APP='{module.__name__}:{attr_name}(args)'\""
+                    " to specify arguments."
+                ) from e
+
+    raise NoAppException(
+        "Failed to find Flask application or factory in module"
+        f" {module.__name__!r}. Use 'FLASK_APP={module.__name__}:name'"
+        " to specify one."
+    )
+
+
+def call_factory(script_info, app_factory, args=None, kwargs=None):
+    """Takes an app factory, a ``script_info` object and  optionally a tuple
+    of arguments. Checks for the existence of a script_info argument and calls
+    the app_factory depending on that and the arguments provided.
+    """
+    sig = inspect.signature(app_factory)
+    args = [] if args is None else args
+    kwargs = {} if kwargs is None else kwargs
+
+    if "script_info" in sig.parameters:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The 'script_info' argument is deprecated and will not be"
+            " passed to the app factory function in Flask 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+        kwargs["script_info"] = script_info
+
+    if not args and len(sig.parameters) == 1:
+        first_parameter = next(iter(sig.parameters.values()))
+
+        if (
+            first_parameter.default is inspect.Parameter.empty
+            # **kwargs is reported as an empty default, ignore it
+            and first_parameter.kind is not inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD
+        ):
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Script info is deprecated and will not be passed as the"
+                " single argument to the app factory function in Flask"
+                " 2.1.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+            )
+            args.append(script_info)
+
+    return app_factory(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _called_with_wrong_args(f):
+    """Check whether calling a function raised a ``TypeError`` because
+    the call failed or because something in the factory raised the
+    error.
+
+    :param f: The function that was called.
+    :return: ``True`` if the call failed.
+    """
+    tb = sys.exc_info()[2]
+
+    try:
+        while tb is not None:
+            if tb.tb_frame.f_code is f.__code__:
+                # In the function, it was called successfully.
+                return False
+
+            tb = tb.tb_next
+
+        # Didn't reach the function.
+        return True
+    finally:
+        # Delete tb to break a circular reference.
+        # https://docs.python.org/2/library/sys.html#sys.exc_info
+        del tb
+
+
+def find_app_by_string(script_info, module, app_name):
+    """Check if the given string is a variable name or a function. Call
+    a function to get the app instance, or return the variable directly.
+    """
+    from . import Flask
+
+    # Parse app_name as a single expression to determine if it's a valid
+    # attribute name or function call.
+    try:
+        expr = ast.parse(app_name.strip(), mode="eval").body
+    except SyntaxError:
+        raise NoAppException(
+            f"Failed to parse {app_name!r} as an attribute name or function call."
+        ) from None
+
+    if isinstance(expr, ast.Name):
+        name = expr.id
+        args = kwargs = None
+    elif isinstance(expr, ast.Call):
+        # Ensure the function name is an attribute name only.
+        if not isinstance(expr.func, ast.Name):
+            raise NoAppException(
+                f"Function reference must be a simple name: {app_name!r}."
+            )
+
+        name = expr.func.id
+
+        # Parse the positional and keyword arguments as literals.
+        try:
+            args = [ast.literal_eval(arg) for arg in expr.args]
+            kwargs = {kw.arg: ast.literal_eval(kw.value) for kw in expr.keywords}
+        except ValueError:
+            # literal_eval gives cryptic error messages, show a generic
+            # message with the full expression instead.
+            raise NoAppException(
+                f"Failed to parse arguments as literal values: {app_name!r}."
+            ) from None
+    else:
+        raise NoAppException(
+            f"Failed to parse {app_name!r} as an attribute name or function call."
+        )
+
+    try:
+        attr = getattr(module, name)
+    except AttributeError as e:
+        raise NoAppException(
+            f"Failed to find attribute {name!r} in {module.__name__!r}."
+        ) from e
+
+    # If the attribute is a function, call it with any args and kwargs
+    # to get the real application.
+    if inspect.isfunction(attr):
+        try:
+            app = call_factory(script_info, attr, args, kwargs)
+        except TypeError as e:
+            if not _called_with_wrong_args(attr):
+                raise
+
+            raise NoAppException(
+                f"The factory {app_name!r} in module"
+                f" {module.__name__!r} could not be called with the"
+                " specified arguments."
+            ) from e
+    else:
+        app = attr
+
+    if isinstance(app, Flask):
+        return app
+
+    raise NoAppException(
+        "A valid Flask application was not obtained from"
+        f" '{module.__name__}:{app_name}'."
+    )
+
+
+def prepare_import(path):
+    """Given a filename this will try to calculate the python path, add it
+    to the search path and return the actual module name that is expected.
+    """
+    path = os.path.realpath(path)
+
+    fname, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
+    if ext == ".py":
+        path = fname
+
+    if os.path.basename(path) == "__init__":
+        path = os.path.dirname(path)
+
+    module_name = []
+
+    # move up until outside package structure (no __init__.py)
+    while True:
+        path, name = os.path.split(path)
+        module_name.append(name)
+
+        if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, "__init__.py")):
+            break
+
+    if sys.path[0] != path:
+        sys.path.insert(0, path)
+
+    return ".".join(module_name[::-1])
+
+
+def locate_app(script_info, module_name, app_name, raise_if_not_found=True):
+    __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+
+    try:
+        __import__(module_name)
+    except ImportError as e:
+        # Reraise the ImportError if it occurred within the imported module.
+        # Determine this by checking whether the trace has a depth > 1.
+        if sys.exc_info()[2].tb_next:
+            raise NoAppException(
+                f"While importing {module_name!r}, an ImportError was raised."
+            ) from e
+        elif raise_if_not_found:
+            raise NoAppException(f"Could not import {module_name!r}.") from e
+        else:
+            return
+
+    module = sys.modules[module_name]
+
+    if app_name is None:
+        return find_best_app(script_info, module)
+    else:
+        return find_app_by_string(script_info, module, app_name)
+
+
+def get_version(ctx, param, value):
+    if not value or ctx.resilient_parsing:
+        return
+
+    import werkzeug
+    from . import __version__
+
+    click.echo(
+        f"Python {platform.python_version()}\n"
+        f"Flask {__version__}\n"
+        f"Werkzeug {werkzeug.__version__}",
+        color=ctx.color,
+    )
+    ctx.exit()
+
+
+version_option = click.Option(
+    ["--version"],
+    help="Show the flask version",
+    expose_value=False,
+    callback=get_version,
+    is_flag=True,
+    is_eager=True,
+)
+
+
+class DispatchingApp:
+    """Special application that dispatches to a Flask application which
+    is imported by name in a background thread.  If an error happens
+    it is recorded and shown as part of the WSGI handling which in case
+    of the Werkzeug debugger means that it shows up in the browser.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, loader, use_eager_loading=None):
+        self.loader = loader
+        self._app = None
+        self._lock = Lock()
+        self._bg_loading_exc = None
+
+        if use_eager_loading is None:
+            use_eager_loading = os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") != "true"
+
+        if use_eager_loading:
+            self._load_unlocked()
+        else:
+            self._load_in_background()
+
+    def _load_in_background(self):
+        def _load_app():
+            __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+            with self._lock:
+                try:
+                    self._load_unlocked()
+                except Exception as e:
+                    self._bg_loading_exc = e
+
+        t = Thread(target=_load_app, args=())
+        t.start()
+
+    def _flush_bg_loading_exception(self):
+        __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+        exc = self._bg_loading_exc
+
+        if exc is not None:
+            self._bg_loading_exc = None
+            raise exc
+
+    def _load_unlocked(self):
+        __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+        self._app = rv = self.loader()
+        self._bg_loading_exc = None
+        return rv
+
+    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
+        __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+        if self._app is not None:
+            return self._app(environ, start_response)
+        self._flush_bg_loading_exception()
+        with self._lock:
+            if self._app is not None:
+                rv = self._app
+            else:
+                rv = self._load_unlocked()
+            return rv(environ, start_response)
+
+
+class ScriptInfo:
+    """Helper object to deal with Flask applications.  This is usually not
+    necessary to interface with as it's used internally in the dispatching
+    to click.  In future versions of Flask this object will most likely play
+    a bigger role.  Typically it's created automatically by the
+    :class:`FlaskGroup` but you can also manually create it and pass it
+    onwards as click object.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, app_import_path=None, create_app=None, set_debug_flag=True):
+        #: Optionally the import path for the Flask application.
+        self.app_import_path = app_import_path or os.environ.get("FLASK_APP")
+        #: Optionally a function that is passed the script info to create
+        #: the instance of the application.
+        self.create_app = create_app
+        #: A dictionary with arbitrary data that can be associated with
+        #: this script info.
+        self.data = {}
+        self.set_debug_flag = set_debug_flag
+        self._loaded_app = None
+
+    def load_app(self):
+        """Loads the Flask app (if not yet loaded) and returns it.  Calling
+        this multiple times will just result in the already loaded app to
+        be returned.
+        """
+        __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa: F841
+
+        if self._loaded_app is not None:
+            return self._loaded_app
+
+        if self.create_app is not None:
+            app = call_factory(self, self.create_app)
+        else:
+            if self.app_import_path:
+                path, name = (
+                    re.split(r":(?![\\/])", self.app_import_path, 1) + [None]
+                )[:2]
+                import_name = prepare_import(path)
+                app = locate_app(self, import_name, name)
+            else:
+                for path in ("wsgi.py", "app.py"):
+                    import_name = prepare_import(path)
+                    app = locate_app(self, import_name, None, raise_if_not_found=False)
+
+                    if app:
+                        break
+
+        if not app:
+            raise NoAppException(
+                "Could not locate a Flask application. You did not provide "
+                'the "FLASK_APP" environment variable, and a "wsgi.py" or '
+                '"app.py" module was not found in the current directory.'
+            )
+
+        if self.set_debug_flag:
+            # Update the app's debug flag through the descriptor so that
+            # other values repopulate as well.
+            app.debug = get_debug_flag()
+
+        self._loaded_app = app
+        return app
+
+
+pass_script_info = click.make_pass_decorator(ScriptInfo, ensure=True)
+
+
+def with_appcontext(f):
+    """Wraps a callback so that it's guaranteed to be executed with the
+    script's application context.  If callbacks are registered directly
+    to the ``app.cli`` object then they are wrapped with this function
+    by default unless it's disabled.
+    """
+
+    @click.pass_context
+    def decorator(__ctx, *args, **kwargs):
+        with __ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo).load_app().app_context():
+            return __ctx.invoke(f, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    return update_wrapper(decorator, f)
+
+
+class AppGroup(click.Group):
+    """This works similar to a regular click :class:`~click.Group` but it
+    changes the behavior of the :meth:`command` decorator so that it
+    automatically wraps the functions in :func:`with_appcontext`.
+
+    Not to be confused with :class:`FlaskGroup`.
+    """
+
+    def command(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """This works exactly like the method of the same name on a regular
+        :class:`click.Group` but it wraps callbacks in :func:`with_appcontext`
+        unless it's disabled by passing ``with_appcontext=False``.
+        """
+        wrap_for_ctx = kwargs.pop("with_appcontext", True)
+
+        def decorator(f):
+            if wrap_for_ctx:
+                f = with_appcontext(f)
+            return click.Group.command(self, *args, **kwargs)(f)
+
+        return decorator
+
+    def group(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """This works exactly like the method of the same name on a regular
+        :class:`click.Group` but it defaults the group class to
+        :class:`AppGroup`.
+        """
+        kwargs.setdefault("cls", AppGroup)
+        return click.Group.group(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class FlaskGroup(AppGroup):
+    """Special subclass of the :class:`AppGroup` group that supports
+    loading more commands from the configured Flask app.  Normally a
+    developer does not have to interface with this class but there are
+    some very advanced use cases for which it makes sense to create an
+    instance of this. see :ref:`custom-scripts`.
+
+    :param add_default_commands: if this is True then the default run and
+        shell commands will be added.
+    :param add_version_option: adds the ``--version`` option.
+    :param create_app: an optional callback that is passed the script info and
+        returns the loaded app.
+    :param load_dotenv: Load the nearest :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv`
+        files to set environment variables. Will also change the working
+        directory to the directory containing the first file found.
+    :param set_debug_flag: Set the app's debug flag based on the active
+        environment
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+        If installed, python-dotenv will be used to load environment variables
+        from :file:`.env` and :file:`.flaskenv` files.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        add_default_commands=True,
+        create_app=None,
+        add_version_option=True,
+        load_dotenv=True,
+        set_debug_flag=True,
+        **extra,
+    ):
+        params = list(extra.pop("params", None) or ())
+
+        if add_version_option:
+            params.append(version_option)
+
+        AppGroup.__init__(self, params=params, **extra)
+        self.create_app = create_app
+        self.load_dotenv = load_dotenv
+        self.set_debug_flag = set_debug_flag
+
+        if add_default_commands:
+            self.add_command(run_command)
+            self.add_command(shell_command)
+            self.add_command(routes_command)
+
+        self._loaded_plugin_commands = False
+
+    def _load_plugin_commands(self):
+        if self._loaded_plugin_commands:
+            return
+        try:
+            import pkg_resources
+        except ImportError:
+            self._loaded_plugin_commands = True
+            return
+
+        for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points("flask.commands"):
+            self.add_command(ep.load(), ep.name)
+        self._loaded_plugin_commands = True
+
+    def get_command(self, ctx, name):
+        self._load_plugin_commands()
+        # Look up built-in and plugin commands, which should be
+        # available even if the app fails to load.
+        rv = super().get_command(ctx, name)
+
+        if rv is not None:
+            return rv
+
+        info = ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo)
+
+        # Look up commands provided by the app, showing an error and
+        # continuing if the app couldn't be loaded.
+        try:
+            return info.load_app().cli.get_command(ctx, name)
+        except NoAppException as e:
+            click.secho(f"Error: {e.format_message()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
+
+    def list_commands(self, ctx):
+        self._load_plugin_commands()
+        # Start with the built-in and plugin commands.
+        rv = set(super().list_commands(ctx))
+        info = ctx.ensure_object(ScriptInfo)
+
+        # Add commands provided by the app, showing an error and
+        # continuing if the app couldn't be loaded.
+        try:
+            rv.update(info.load_app().cli.list_commands(ctx))
+        except NoAppException as e:
+            # When an app couldn't be loaded, show the error message
+            # without the traceback.
+            click.secho(f"Error: {e.format_message()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
+        except Exception:
+            # When any other errors occurred during loading, show the
+            # full traceback.
+            click.secho(f"{traceback.format_exc()}\n", err=True, fg="red")
+
+        return sorted(rv)
+
+    def main(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # Set a global flag that indicates that we were invoked from the
+        # command line interface. This is detected by Flask.run to make the
+        # call into a no-op. This is necessary to avoid ugly errors when the
+        # script that is loaded here also attempts to start a server.
+        os.environ["FLASK_RUN_FROM_CLI"] = "true"
+
+        if get_load_dotenv(self.load_dotenv):
+            load_dotenv()
+
+        obj = kwargs.get("obj")
+
+        if obj is None:
+            obj = ScriptInfo(
+                create_app=self.create_app, set_debug_flag=self.set_debug_flag
+            )
+
+        kwargs["obj"] = obj
+        kwargs.setdefault("auto_envvar_prefix", "FLASK")
+        return super().main(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _path_is_ancestor(path, other):
+    """Take ``other`` and remove the length of ``path`` from it. Then join it
+    to ``path``. If it is the original value, ``path`` is an ancestor of
+    ``other``."""
+    return os.path.join(path, other[len(path) :].lstrip(os.sep)) == other
+
+
+def load_dotenv(path=None):
+    """Load "dotenv" files in order of precedence to set environment variables.
+
+    If an env var is already set it is not overwritten, so earlier files in the
+    list are preferred over later files.
+
+    This is a no-op if `python-dotenv`_ is not installed.
+
+    .. _python-dotenv: https://github.com/theskumar/python-dotenv#readme
+
+    :param path: Load the file at this location instead of searching.
+    :return: ``True`` if a file was loaded.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.1.0
+        Returns ``False`` when python-dotenv is not installed, or when
+        the given path isn't a file.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        When loading the env files, set the default encoding to UTF-8.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+    """
+    if dotenv is None:
+        if path or os.path.isfile(".env") or os.path.isfile(".flaskenv"):
+            click.secho(
+                " * Tip: There are .env or .flaskenv files present."
+                ' Do "pip install python-dotenv" to use them.',
+                fg="yellow",
+                err=True,
+            )
+
+        return False
+
+    # if the given path specifies the actual file then return True,
+    # else False
+    if path is not None:
+        if os.path.isfile(path):
+            return dotenv.load_dotenv(path, encoding="utf-8")
+
+        return False
+
+    new_dir = None
+
+    for name in (".env", ".flaskenv"):
+        path = dotenv.find_dotenv(name, usecwd=True)
+
+        if not path:
+            continue
+
+        if new_dir is None:
+            new_dir = os.path.dirname(path)
+
+        dotenv.load_dotenv(path, encoding="utf-8")
+
+    return new_dir is not None  # at least one file was located and loaded
+
+
+def show_server_banner(env, debug, app_import_path, eager_loading):
+    """Show extra startup messages the first time the server is run,
+    ignoring the reloader.
+    """
+    if os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") == "true":
+        return
+
+    if app_import_path is not None:
+        message = f" * Serving Flask app {app_import_path!r}"
+
+        if not eager_loading:
+            message += " (lazy loading)"
+
+        click.echo(message)
+
+    click.echo(f" * Environment: {env}")
+
+    if env == "production":
+        click.secho(
+            "   WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in"
+            " a production deployment.",
+            fg="red",
+        )
+        click.secho("   Use a production WSGI server instead.", dim=True)
+
+    if debug is not None:
+        click.echo(f" * Debug mode: {'on' if debug else 'off'}")
+
+
+class CertParamType(click.ParamType):
+    """Click option type for the ``--cert`` option. Allows either an
+    existing file, the string ``'adhoc'``, or an import for a
+    :class:`~ssl.SSLContext` object.
+    """
+
+    name = "path"
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.path_type = click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False, resolve_path=True)
+
+    def convert(self, value, param, ctx):
+        if ssl is None:
+            raise click.BadParameter(
+                'Using "--cert" requires Python to be compiled with SSL support.',
+                ctx,
+                param,
+            )
+
+        try:
+            return self.path_type(value, param, ctx)
+        except click.BadParameter:
+            value = click.STRING(value, param, ctx).lower()
+
+            if value == "adhoc":
+                try:
+                    import cryptography  # noqa: F401
+                except ImportError:
+                    raise click.BadParameter(
+                        "Using ad-hoc certificates requires the cryptography library.",
+                        ctx,
+                        param,
+                    ) from None
+
+                return value
+
+            obj = import_string(value, silent=True)
+
+            if isinstance(obj, ssl.SSLContext):
+                return obj
+
+            raise
+
+
+def _validate_key(ctx, param, value):
+    """The ``--key`` option must be specified when ``--cert`` is a file.
+    Modifies the ``cert`` param to be a ``(cert, key)`` pair if needed.
+    """
+    cert = ctx.params.get("cert")
+    is_adhoc = cert == "adhoc"
+    is_context = ssl and isinstance(cert, ssl.SSLContext)
+
+    if value is not None:
+        if is_adhoc:
+            raise click.BadParameter(
+                'When "--cert" is "adhoc", "--key" is not used.', ctx, param
+            )
+
+        if is_context:
+            raise click.BadParameter(
+                'When "--cert" is an SSLContext object, "--key is not used.', ctx, param
+            )
+
+        if not cert:
+            raise click.BadParameter('"--cert" must also be specified.', ctx, param)
+
+        ctx.params["cert"] = cert, value
+
+    else:
+        if cert and not (is_adhoc or is_context):
+            raise click.BadParameter('Required when using "--cert".', ctx, param)
+
+    return value
+
+
+class SeparatedPathType(click.Path):
+    """Click option type that accepts a list of values separated by the
+    OS's path separator (``:``, ``;`` on Windows). Each value is
+    validated as a :class:`click.Path` type.
+    """
+
+    def convert(self, value, param, ctx):
+        items = self.split_envvar_value(value)
+        super_convert = super().convert
+        return [super_convert(item, param, ctx) for item in items]
+
+
+@click.command("run", short_help="Run a development server.")
+@click.option("--host", "-h", default="127.0.0.1", help="The interface to bind to.")
+@click.option("--port", "-p", default=5000, help="The port to bind to.")
+@click.option(
+    "--cert", type=CertParamType(), help="Specify a certificate file to use HTTPS."
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--key",
+    type=click.Path(exists=True, dir_okay=False, resolve_path=True),
+    callback=_validate_key,
+    expose_value=False,
+    help="The key file to use when specifying a certificate.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--reload/--no-reload",
+    default=None,
+    help="Enable or disable the reloader. By default the reloader "
+    "is active if debug is enabled.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--debugger/--no-debugger",
+    default=None,
+    help="Enable or disable the debugger. By default the debugger "
+    "is active if debug is enabled.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--eager-loading/--lazy-loading",
+    default=None,
+    help="Enable or disable eager loading. By default eager "
+    "loading is enabled if the reloader is disabled.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--with-threads/--without-threads",
+    default=True,
+    help="Enable or disable multithreading.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--extra-files",
+    default=None,
+    type=SeparatedPathType(),
+    help=(
+        "Extra files that trigger a reload on change. Multiple paths"
+        f" are separated by {os.path.pathsep!r}."
+    ),
+)
+@pass_script_info
+def run_command(
+    info, host, port, reload, debugger, eager_loading, with_threads, cert, extra_files
+):
+    """Run a local development server.
+
+    This server is for development purposes only. It does not provide
+    the stability, security, or performance of production WSGI servers.
+
+    The reloader and debugger are enabled by default if
+    FLASK_ENV=development or FLASK_DEBUG=1.
+    """
+    debug = get_debug_flag()
+
+    if reload is None:
+        reload = debug
+
+    if debugger is None:
+        debugger = debug
+
+    show_server_banner(get_env(), debug, info.app_import_path, eager_loading)
+    app = DispatchingApp(info.load_app, use_eager_loading=eager_loading)
+
+    from werkzeug.serving import run_simple
+
+    run_simple(
+        host,
+        port,
+        app,
+        use_reloader=reload,
+        use_debugger=debugger,
+        threaded=with_threads,
+        ssl_context=cert,
+        extra_files=extra_files,
+    )
+
+
+@click.command("shell", short_help="Run a shell in the app context.")
+@with_appcontext
+def shell_command() -> None:
+    """Run an interactive Python shell in the context of a given
+    Flask application.  The application will populate the default
+    namespace of this shell according to its configuration.
+
+    This is useful for executing small snippets of management code
+    without having to manually configure the application.
+    """
+    import code
+    from .globals import _app_ctx_stack
+
+    app = _app_ctx_stack.top.app
+    banner = (
+        f"Python {sys.version} on {sys.platform}\n"
+        f"App: {app.import_name} [{app.env}]\n"
+        f"Instance: {app.instance_path}"
+    )
+    ctx: dict = {}
+
+    # Support the regular Python interpreter startup script if someone
+    # is using it.
+    startup = os.environ.get("PYTHONSTARTUP")
+    if startup and os.path.isfile(startup):
+        with open(startup) as f:
+            eval(compile(f.read(), startup, "exec"), ctx)
+
+    ctx.update(app.make_shell_context())
+
+    # Site, customize, or startup script can set a hook to call when
+    # entering interactive mode. The default one sets up readline with
+    # tab and history completion.
+    interactive_hook = getattr(sys, "__interactivehook__", None)
+
+    if interactive_hook is not None:
+        try:
+            import readline
+            from rlcompleter import Completer
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            # rlcompleter uses __main__.__dict__ by default, which is
+            # flask.__main__. Use the shell context instead.
+            readline.set_completer(Completer(ctx).complete)
+
+        interactive_hook()
+
+    code.interact(banner=banner, local=ctx)
+
+
+@click.command("routes", short_help="Show the routes for the app.")
+@click.option(
+    "--sort",
+    "-s",
+    type=click.Choice(("endpoint", "methods", "rule", "match")),
+    default="endpoint",
+    help=(
+        'Method to sort routes by. "match" is the order that Flask will match '
+        "routes when dispatching a request."
+    ),
+)
+@click.option("--all-methods", is_flag=True, help="Show HEAD and OPTIONS methods.")
+@with_appcontext
+def routes_command(sort: str, all_methods: bool) -> None:
+    """Show all registered routes with endpoints and methods."""
+
+    rules = list(current_app.url_map.iter_rules())
+    if not rules:
+        click.echo("No routes were registered.")
+        return
+
+    ignored_methods = set(() if all_methods else ("HEAD", "OPTIONS"))
+
+    if sort in ("endpoint", "rule"):
+        rules = sorted(rules, key=attrgetter(sort))
+    elif sort == "methods":
+        rules = sorted(rules, key=lambda rule: sorted(rule.methods))  # type: ignore
+
+    rule_methods = [
+        ", ".join(sorted(rule.methods - ignored_methods))  # type: ignore
+        for rule in rules
+    ]
+
+    headers = ("Endpoint", "Methods", "Rule")
+    widths = (
+        max(len(rule.endpoint) for rule in rules),
+        max(len(methods) for methods in rule_methods),
+        max(len(rule.rule) for rule in rules),
+    )
+    widths = [max(len(h), w) for h, w in zip(headers, widths)]
+    row = "{{0:<{0}}}  {{1:<{1}}}  {{2:<{2}}}".format(*widths)
+
+    click.echo(row.format(*headers).strip())
+    click.echo(row.format(*("-" * width for width in widths)))
+
+    for rule, methods in zip(rules, rule_methods):
+        click.echo(row.format(rule.endpoint, methods, rule.rule).rstrip())
+
+
+cli = FlaskGroup(
+    help="""\
+A general utility script for Flask applications.
+
+Provides commands from Flask, extensions, and the application. Loads the
+application defined in the FLASK_APP environment variable, or from a wsgi.py
+file. Setting the FLASK_ENV environment variable to 'development' will enable
+debug mode.
+
+\b
+  {prefix}{cmd} FLASK_APP=hello.py
+  {prefix}{cmd} FLASK_ENV=development
+  {prefix}flask run
+""".format(
+        cmd="export" if os.name == "posix" else "set",
+        prefix="$ " if os.name == "posix" else "> ",
+    )
+)
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    if int(click.__version__[0]) < 8:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Using the `flask` cli with Click 7 is deprecated and"
+            " will not be supported starting with Flask 2.1."
+            " Please upgrade to Click 8 as soon as possible.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+        )
+    # TODO omit sys.argv once https://github.com/pallets/click/issues/536 is fixed
+    cli.main(args=sys.argv[1:])
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/config.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca76902
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+import errno
+import os
+import types
+import typing as t
+
+from werkzeug.utils import import_string
+
+
+class ConfigAttribute:
+    """Makes an attribute forward to the config"""
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, get_converter: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None) -> None:
+        self.__name__ = name
+        self.get_converter = get_converter
+
+    def __get__(self, obj: t.Any, owner: t.Any = None) -> t.Any:
+        if obj is None:
+            return self
+        rv = obj.config[self.__name__]
+        if self.get_converter is not None:
+            rv = self.get_converter(rv)
+        return rv
+
+    def __set__(self, obj: t.Any, value: t.Any) -> None:
+        obj.config[self.__name__] = value
+
+
+class Config(dict):
+    """Works exactly like a dict but provides ways to fill it from files
+    or special dictionaries.  There are two common patterns to populate the
+    config.
+
+    Either you can fill the config from a config file::
+
+        app.config.from_pyfile('yourconfig.cfg')
+
+    Or alternatively you can define the configuration options in the
+    module that calls :meth:`from_object` or provide an import path to
+    a module that should be loaded.  It is also possible to tell it to
+    use the same module and with that provide the configuration values
+    just before the call::
+
+        DEBUG = True
+        SECRET_KEY = 'development key'
+        app.config.from_object(__name__)
+
+    In both cases (loading from any Python file or loading from modules),
+    only uppercase keys are added to the config.  This makes it possible to use
+    lowercase values in the config file for temporary values that are not added
+    to the config or to define the config keys in the same file that implements
+    the application.
+
+    Probably the most interesting way to load configurations is from an
+    environment variable pointing to a file::
+
+        app.config.from_envvar('YOURAPPLICATION_SETTINGS')
+
+    In this case before launching the application you have to set this
+    environment variable to the file you want to use.  On Linux and OS X
+    use the export statement::
+
+        export YOURAPPLICATION_SETTINGS='/path/to/config/file'
+
+    On windows use `set` instead.
+
+    :param root_path: path to which files are read relative from.  When the
+                      config object is created by the application, this is
+                      the application's :attr:`~flask.Flask.root_path`.
+    :param defaults: an optional dictionary of default values
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, root_path: str, defaults: t.Optional[dict] = None) -> None:
+        dict.__init__(self, defaults or {})
+        self.root_path = root_path
+
+    def from_envvar(self, variable_name: str, silent: bool = False) -> bool:
+        """Loads a configuration from an environment variable pointing to
+        a configuration file.  This is basically just a shortcut with nicer
+        error messages for this line of code::
+
+            app.config.from_pyfile(os.environ['YOURAPPLICATION_SETTINGS'])
+
+        :param variable_name: name of the environment variable
+        :param silent: set to ``True`` if you want silent failure for missing
+                       files.
+        :return: ``True`` if the file was loaded successfully.
+        """
+        rv = os.environ.get(variable_name)
+        if not rv:
+            if silent:
+                return False
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"The environment variable {variable_name!r} is not set"
+                " and as such configuration could not be loaded. Set"
+                " this variable and make it point to a configuration"
+                " file"
+            )
+        return self.from_pyfile(rv, silent=silent)
+
+    def from_pyfile(self, filename: str, silent: bool = False) -> bool:
+        """Updates the values in the config from a Python file.  This function
+        behaves as if the file was imported as module with the
+        :meth:`from_object` function.
+
+        :param filename: the filename of the config.  This can either be an
+                         absolute filename or a filename relative to the
+                         root path.
+        :param silent: set to ``True`` if you want silent failure for missing
+                       files.
+        :return: ``True`` if the file was loaded successfully.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+           `silent` parameter.
+        """
+        filename = os.path.join(self.root_path, filename)
+        d = types.ModuleType("config")
+        d.__file__ = filename
+        try:
+            with open(filename, mode="rb") as config_file:
+                exec(compile(config_file.read(), filename, "exec"), d.__dict__)
+        except OSError as e:
+            if silent and e.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.EISDIR, errno.ENOTDIR):
+                return False
+            e.strerror = f"Unable to load configuration file ({e.strerror})"
+            raise
+        self.from_object(d)
+        return True
+
+    def from_object(self, obj: t.Union[object, str]) -> None:
+        """Updates the values from the given object.  An object can be of one
+        of the following two types:
+
+        -   a string: in this case the object with that name will be imported
+        -   an actual object reference: that object is used directly
+
+        Objects are usually either modules or classes. :meth:`from_object`
+        loads only the uppercase attributes of the module/class. A ``dict``
+        object will not work with :meth:`from_object` because the keys of a
+        ``dict`` are not attributes of the ``dict`` class.
+
+        Example of module-based configuration::
+
+            app.config.from_object('yourapplication.default_config')
+            from yourapplication import default_config
+            app.config.from_object(default_config)
+
+        Nothing is done to the object before loading. If the object is a
+        class and has ``@property`` attributes, it needs to be
+        instantiated before being passed to this method.
+
+        You should not use this function to load the actual configuration but
+        rather configuration defaults.  The actual config should be loaded
+        with :meth:`from_pyfile` and ideally from a location not within the
+        package because the package might be installed system wide.
+
+        See :ref:`config-dev-prod` for an example of class-based configuration
+        using :meth:`from_object`.
+
+        :param obj: an import name or object
+        """
+        if isinstance(obj, str):
+            obj = import_string(obj)
+        for key in dir(obj):
+            if key.isupper():
+                self[key] = getattr(obj, key)
+
+    def from_file(
+        self,
+        filename: str,
+        load: t.Callable[[t.IO[t.Any]], t.Mapping],
+        silent: bool = False,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Update the values in the config from a file that is loaded
+        using the ``load`` parameter. The loaded data is passed to the
+        :meth:`from_mapping` method.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            import toml
+            app.config.from_file("config.toml", load=toml.load)
+
+        :param filename: The path to the data file. This can be an
+            absolute path or relative to the config root path.
+        :param load: A callable that takes a file handle and returns a
+            mapping of loaded data from the file.
+        :type load: ``Callable[[Reader], Mapping]`` where ``Reader``
+            implements a ``read`` method.
+        :param silent: Ignore the file if it doesn't exist.
+        :return: ``True`` if the file was loaded successfully.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        """
+        filename = os.path.join(self.root_path, filename)
+
+        try:
+            with open(filename) as f:
+                obj = load(f)
+        except OSError as e:
+            if silent and e.errno in (errno.ENOENT, errno.EISDIR):
+                return False
+
+            e.strerror = f"Unable to load configuration file ({e.strerror})"
+            raise
+
+        return self.from_mapping(obj)
+
+    def from_json(self, filename: str, silent: bool = False) -> bool:
+        """Update the values in the config from a JSON file. The loaded
+        data is passed to the :meth:`from_mapping` method.
+
+        :param filename: The path to the JSON file. This can be an
+            absolute path or relative to the config root path.
+        :param silent: Ignore the file if it doesn't exist.
+        :return: ``True`` if the file was loaded successfully.
+
+        .. deprecated:: 2.0.0
+            Will be removed in Flask 2.1. Use :meth:`from_file` instead.
+            This was removed early in 2.0.0, was added back in 2.0.1.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+        """
+        import warnings
+        from . import json
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'from_json' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask"
+            " 2.1. Use 'from_file(path, json.load)' instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return self.from_file(filename, json.load, silent=silent)
+
+    def from_mapping(
+        self, mapping: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Updates the config like :meth:`update` ignoring items with non-upper
+        keys.
+        :return: Always returns ``True``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+        """
+        mappings: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+        if mapping is not None:
+            mappings.update(mapping)
+        mappings.update(kwargs)
+        for key, value in mappings.items():
+            if key.isupper():
+                self[key] = value
+        return True
+
+    def get_namespace(
+        self, namespace: str, lowercase: bool = True, trim_namespace: bool = True
+    ) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """Returns a dictionary containing a subset of configuration options
+        that match the specified namespace/prefix. Example usage::
+
+            app.config['IMAGE_STORE_TYPE'] = 'fs'
+            app.config['IMAGE_STORE_PATH'] = '/var/app/images'
+            app.config['IMAGE_STORE_BASE_URL'] = 'http://img.website.com'
+            image_store_config = app.config.get_namespace('IMAGE_STORE_')
+
+        The resulting dictionary `image_store_config` would look like::
+
+            {
+                'type': 'fs',
+                'path': '/var/app/images',
+                'base_url': 'http://img.website.com'
+            }
+
+        This is often useful when configuration options map directly to
+        keyword arguments in functions or class constructors.
+
+        :param namespace: a configuration namespace
+        :param lowercase: a flag indicating if the keys of the resulting
+                          dictionary should be lowercase
+        :param trim_namespace: a flag indicating if the keys of the resulting
+                          dictionary should not include the namespace
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+        """
+        rv = {}
+        for k, v in self.items():
+            if not k.startswith(namespace):
+                continue
+            if trim_namespace:
+                key = k[len(namespace) :]
+            else:
+                key = k
+            if lowercase:
+                key = key.lower()
+            rv[key] = v
+        return rv
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {dict.__repr__(self)}>"
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/ctx.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/ctx.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c06463
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/ctx.py
@@ -0,0 +1,480 @@
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from types import TracebackType
+
+from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
+
+from .globals import _app_ctx_stack
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
+from .signals import appcontext_popped
+from .signals import appcontext_pushed
+from .typing import AfterRequestCallable
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .app import Flask
+    from .sessions import SessionMixin
+    from .wrappers import Request
+
+
+# a singleton sentinel value for parameter defaults
+_sentinel = object()
+
+
+class _AppCtxGlobals:
+    """A plain object. Used as a namespace for storing data during an
+    application context.
+
+    Creating an app context automatically creates this object, which is
+    made available as the :data:`g` proxy.
+
+    .. describe:: 'key' in g
+
+        Check whether an attribute is present.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+    .. describe:: iter(g)
+
+        Return an iterator over the attribute names.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+    """
+
+    # Define attr methods to let mypy know this is a namespace object
+    # that has arbitrary attributes.
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        try:
+            return self.__dict__[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name) from None
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.__dict__[name] = value
+
+    def __delattr__(self, name: str) -> None:
+        try:
+            del self.__dict__[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name) from None
+
+    def get(self, name: str, default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None) -> t.Any:
+        """Get an attribute by name, or a default value. Like
+        :meth:`dict.get`.
+
+        :param name: Name of attribute to get.
+        :param default: Value to return if the attribute is not present.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+        """
+        return self.__dict__.get(name, default)
+
+    def pop(self, name: str, default: t.Any = _sentinel) -> t.Any:
+        """Get and remove an attribute by name. Like :meth:`dict.pop`.
+
+        :param name: Name of attribute to pop.
+        :param default: Value to return if the attribute is not present,
+            instead of raising a ``KeyError``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+        """
+        if default is _sentinel:
+            return self.__dict__.pop(name)
+        else:
+            return self.__dict__.pop(name, default)
+
+    def setdefault(self, name: str, default: t.Any = None) -> t.Any:
+        """Get the value of an attribute if it is present, otherwise
+        set and return a default value. Like :meth:`dict.setdefault`.
+
+        :param name: Name of attribute to get.
+        :param default: Value to set and return if the attribute is not
+            present.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+        """
+        return self.__dict__.setdefault(name, default)
+
+    def __contains__(self, item: str) -> bool:
+        return item in self.__dict__
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[str]:
+        return iter(self.__dict__)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        top = _app_ctx_stack.top
+        if top is not None:
+            return f"<flask.g of {top.app.name!r}>"
+        return object.__repr__(self)
+
+
+def after_this_request(f: AfterRequestCallable) -> AfterRequestCallable:
+    """Executes a function after this request.  This is useful to modify
+    response objects.  The function is passed the response object and has
+    to return the same or a new one.
+
+    Example::
+
+        @app.route('/')
+        def index():
+            @after_this_request
+            def add_header(response):
+                response.headers['X-Foo'] = 'Parachute'
+                return response
+            return 'Hello World!'
+
+    This is more useful if a function other than the view function wants to
+    modify a response.  For instance think of a decorator that wants to add
+    some headers without converting the return value into a response object.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+    _request_ctx_stack.top._after_request_functions.append(f)
+    return f
+
+
+def copy_current_request_context(f: t.Callable) -> t.Callable:
+    """A helper function that decorates a function to retain the current
+    request context.  This is useful when working with greenlets.  The moment
+    the function is decorated a copy of the request context is created and
+    then pushed when the function is called.  The current session is also
+    included in the copied request context.
+
+    Example::
+
+        import gevent
+        from flask import copy_current_request_context
+
+        @app.route('/')
+        def index():
+            @copy_current_request_context
+            def do_some_work():
+                # do some work here, it can access flask.request or
+                # flask.session like you would otherwise in the view function.
+                ...
+            gevent.spawn(do_some_work)
+            return 'Regular response'
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.10
+    """
+    top = _request_ctx_stack.top
+    if top is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "This decorator can only be used at local scopes "
+            "when a request context is on the stack.  For instance within "
+            "view functions."
+        )
+    reqctx = top.copy()
+
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        with reqctx:
+            return f(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    return update_wrapper(wrapper, f)
+
+
+def has_request_context() -> bool:
+    """If you have code that wants to test if a request context is there or
+    not this function can be used.  For instance, you may want to take advantage
+    of request information if the request object is available, but fail
+    silently if it is unavailable.
+
+    ::
+
+        class User(db.Model):
+
+            def __init__(self, username, remote_addr=None):
+                self.username = username
+                if remote_addr is None and has_request_context():
+                    remote_addr = request.remote_addr
+                self.remote_addr = remote_addr
+
+    Alternatively you can also just test any of the context bound objects
+    (such as :class:`request` or :class:`g`) for truthness::
+
+        class User(db.Model):
+
+            def __init__(self, username, remote_addr=None):
+                self.username = username
+                if remote_addr is None and request:
+                    remote_addr = request.remote_addr
+                self.remote_addr = remote_addr
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+    return _request_ctx_stack.top is not None
+
+
+def has_app_context() -> bool:
+    """Works like :func:`has_request_context` but for the application
+    context.  You can also just do a boolean check on the
+    :data:`current_app` object instead.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+    return _app_ctx_stack.top is not None
+
+
+class AppContext:
+    """The application context binds an application object implicitly
+    to the current thread or greenlet, similar to how the
+    :class:`RequestContext` binds request information.  The application
+    context is also implicitly created if a request context is created
+    but the application is not on top of the individual application
+    context.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, app: "Flask") -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        self.url_adapter = app.create_url_adapter(None)
+        self.g = app.app_ctx_globals_class()
+
+        # Like request context, app contexts can be pushed multiple times
+        # but there a basic "refcount" is enough to track them.
+        self._refcnt = 0
+
+    def push(self) -> None:
+        """Binds the app context to the current context."""
+        self._refcnt += 1
+        _app_ctx_stack.push(self)
+        appcontext_pushed.send(self.app)
+
+    def pop(self, exc: t.Optional[BaseException] = _sentinel) -> None:  # type: ignore
+        """Pops the app context."""
+        try:
+            self._refcnt -= 1
+            if self._refcnt <= 0:
+                if exc is _sentinel:
+                    exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+                self.app.do_teardown_appcontext(exc)
+        finally:
+            rv = _app_ctx_stack.pop()
+        assert rv is self, f"Popped wrong app context.  ({rv!r} instead of {self!r})"
+        appcontext_popped.send(self.app)
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "AppContext":
+        self.push()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self, exc_type: type, exc_value: BaseException, tb: TracebackType
+    ) -> None:
+        self.pop(exc_value)
+
+
+class RequestContext:
+    """The request context contains all request relevant information.  It is
+    created at the beginning of the request and pushed to the
+    `_request_ctx_stack` and removed at the end of it.  It will create the
+    URL adapter and request object for the WSGI environment provided.
+
+    Do not attempt to use this class directly, instead use
+    :meth:`~flask.Flask.test_request_context` and
+    :meth:`~flask.Flask.request_context` to create this object.
+
+    When the request context is popped, it will evaluate all the
+    functions registered on the application for teardown execution
+    (:meth:`~flask.Flask.teardown_request`).
+
+    The request context is automatically popped at the end of the request
+    for you.  In debug mode the request context is kept around if
+    exceptions happen so that interactive debuggers have a chance to
+    introspect the data.  With 0.4 this can also be forced for requests
+    that did not fail and outside of ``DEBUG`` mode.  By setting
+    ``'flask._preserve_context'`` to ``True`` on the WSGI environment the
+    context will not pop itself at the end of the request.  This is used by
+    the :meth:`~flask.Flask.test_client` for example to implement the
+    deferred cleanup functionality.
+
+    You might find this helpful for unittests where you need the
+    information from the context local around for a little longer.  Make
+    sure to properly :meth:`~werkzeug.LocalStack.pop` the stack yourself in
+    that situation, otherwise your unittests will leak memory.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: "Flask",
+        environ: dict,
+        request: t.Optional["Request"] = None,
+        session: t.Optional["SessionMixin"] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        if request is None:
+            request = app.request_class(environ)
+        self.request = request
+        self.url_adapter = None
+        try:
+            self.url_adapter = app.create_url_adapter(self.request)
+        except HTTPException as e:
+            self.request.routing_exception = e
+        self.flashes = None
+        self.session = session
+
+        # Request contexts can be pushed multiple times and interleaved with
+        # other request contexts.  Now only if the last level is popped we
+        # get rid of them.  Additionally if an application context is missing
+        # one is created implicitly so for each level we add this information
+        self._implicit_app_ctx_stack: t.List[t.Optional["AppContext"]] = []
+
+        # indicator if the context was preserved.  Next time another context
+        # is pushed the preserved context is popped.
+        self.preserved = False
+
+        # remembers the exception for pop if there is one in case the context
+        # preservation kicks in.
+        self._preserved_exc = None
+
+        # Functions that should be executed after the request on the response
+        # object.  These will be called before the regular "after_request"
+        # functions.
+        self._after_request_functions: t.List[AfterRequestCallable] = []
+
+    @property
+    def g(self) -> AppContext:
+        return _app_ctx_stack.top.g
+
+    @g.setter
+    def g(self, value: AppContext) -> None:
+        _app_ctx_stack.top.g = value
+
+    def copy(self) -> "RequestContext":
+        """Creates a copy of this request context with the same request object.
+        This can be used to move a request context to a different greenlet.
+        Because the actual request object is the same this cannot be used to
+        move a request context to a different thread unless access to the
+        request object is locked.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.1
+           The current session object is used instead of reloading the original
+           data. This prevents `flask.session` pointing to an out-of-date object.
+        """
+        return self.__class__(
+            self.app,
+            environ=self.request.environ,
+            request=self.request,
+            session=self.session,
+        )
+
+    def match_request(self) -> None:
+        """Can be overridden by a subclass to hook into the matching
+        of the request.
+        """
+        try:
+            result = self.url_adapter.match(return_rule=True)  # type: ignore
+            self.request.url_rule, self.request.view_args = result  # type: ignore
+        except HTTPException as e:
+            self.request.routing_exception = e
+
+    def push(self) -> None:
+        """Binds the request context to the current context."""
+        # If an exception occurs in debug mode or if context preservation is
+        # activated under exception situations exactly one context stays
+        # on the stack.  The rationale is that you want to access that
+        # information under debug situations.  However if someone forgets to
+        # pop that context again we want to make sure that on the next push
+        # it's invalidated, otherwise we run at risk that something leaks
+        # memory.  This is usually only a problem in test suite since this
+        # functionality is not active in production environments.
+        top = _request_ctx_stack.top
+        if top is not None and top.preserved:
+            top.pop(top._preserved_exc)
+
+        # Before we push the request context we have to ensure that there
+        # is an application context.
+        app_ctx = _app_ctx_stack.top
+        if app_ctx is None or app_ctx.app != self.app:
+            app_ctx = self.app.app_context()
+            app_ctx.push()
+            self._implicit_app_ctx_stack.append(app_ctx)
+        else:
+            self._implicit_app_ctx_stack.append(None)
+
+        _request_ctx_stack.push(self)
+
+        # Open the session at the moment that the request context is available.
+        # This allows a custom open_session method to use the request context.
+        # Only open a new session if this is the first time the request was
+        # pushed, otherwise stream_with_context loses the session.
+        if self.session is None:
+            session_interface = self.app.session_interface
+            self.session = session_interface.open_session(self.app, self.request)
+
+            if self.session is None:
+                self.session = session_interface.make_null_session(self.app)
+
+        # Match the request URL after loading the session, so that the
+        # session is available in custom URL converters.
+        if self.url_adapter is not None:
+            self.match_request()
+
+    def pop(self, exc: t.Optional[BaseException] = _sentinel) -> None:  # type: ignore
+        """Pops the request context and unbinds it by doing that.  This will
+        also trigger the execution of functions registered by the
+        :meth:`~flask.Flask.teardown_request` decorator.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+           Added the `exc` argument.
+        """
+        app_ctx = self._implicit_app_ctx_stack.pop()
+        clear_request = False
+
+        try:
+            if not self._implicit_app_ctx_stack:
+                self.preserved = False
+                self._preserved_exc = None
+                if exc is _sentinel:
+                    exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+                self.app.do_teardown_request(exc)
+
+                request_close = getattr(self.request, "close", None)
+                if request_close is not None:
+                    request_close()
+                clear_request = True
+        finally:
+            rv = _request_ctx_stack.pop()
+
+            # get rid of circular dependencies at the end of the request
+            # so that we don't require the GC to be active.
+            if clear_request:
+                rv.request.environ["werkzeug.request"] = None
+
+            # Get rid of the app as well if necessary.
+            if app_ctx is not None:
+                app_ctx.pop(exc)
+
+            assert (
+                rv is self
+            ), f"Popped wrong request context. ({rv!r} instead of {self!r})"
+
+    def auto_pop(self, exc: t.Optional[BaseException]) -> None:
+        if self.request.environ.get("flask._preserve_context") or (
+            exc is not None and self.app.preserve_context_on_exception
+        ):
+            self.preserved = True
+            self._preserved_exc = exc  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            self.pop(exc)
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "RequestContext":
+        self.push()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self, exc_type: type, exc_value: BaseException, tb: TracebackType
+    ) -> None:
+        # do not pop the request stack if we are in debug mode and an
+        # exception happened.  This will allow the debugger to still
+        # access the request object in the interactive shell.  Furthermore
+        # the context can be force kept alive for the test client.
+        # See flask.testing for how this works.
+        self.auto_pop(exc_value)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"<{type(self).__name__} {self.request.url!r}"
+            f" [{self.request.method}] of {self.app.name}>"
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/debughelpers.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/debughelpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..212f7d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/debughelpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+import os
+import typing as t
+from warnings import warn
+
+from .app import Flask
+from .blueprints import Blueprint
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
+
+
+class UnexpectedUnicodeError(AssertionError, UnicodeError):
+    """Raised in places where we want some better error reporting for
+    unexpected unicode or binary data.
+    """
+
+
+class DebugFilesKeyError(KeyError, AssertionError):
+    """Raised from request.files during debugging.  The idea is that it can
+    provide a better error message than just a generic KeyError/BadRequest.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, request, key):
+        form_matches = request.form.getlist(key)
+        buf = [
+            f"You tried to access the file {key!r} in the request.files"
+            " dictionary but it does not exist. The mimetype for the"
+            f" request is {request.mimetype!r} instead of"
+            " 'multipart/form-data' which means that no file contents"
+            " were transmitted. To fix this error you should provide"
+            ' enctype="multipart/form-data" in your form.'
+        ]
+        if form_matches:
+            names = ", ".join(repr(x) for x in form_matches)
+            buf.append(
+                "\n\nThe browser instead transmitted some file names. "
+                f"This was submitted: {names}"
+            )
+        self.msg = "".join(buf)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.msg
+
+
+class FormDataRoutingRedirect(AssertionError):
+    """This exception is raised by Flask in debug mode if it detects a
+    redirect caused by the routing system when the request method is not
+    GET, HEAD or OPTIONS.  Reasoning: form data will be dropped.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, request):
+        exc = request.routing_exception
+        buf = [
+            f"A request was sent to this URL ({request.url}) but a"
+            " redirect was issued automatically by the routing system"
+            f" to {exc.new_url!r}."
+        ]
+
+        # In case just a slash was appended we can be extra helpful
+        if f"{request.base_url}/" == exc.new_url.split("?")[0]:
+            buf.append(
+                "  The URL was defined with a trailing slash so Flask"
+                " will automatically redirect to the URL with the"
+                " trailing slash if it was accessed without one."
+            )
+
+        buf.append(
+            "  Make sure to directly send your"
+            f" {request.method}-request to this URL since we can't make"
+            " browsers or HTTP clients redirect with form data reliably"
+            " or without user interaction."
+        )
+        buf.append("\n\nNote: this exception is only raised in debug mode")
+        AssertionError.__init__(self, "".join(buf).encode("utf-8"))
+
+
+def attach_enctype_error_multidict(request):
+    """Since Flask 0.8 we're monkeypatching the files object in case a
+    request is detected that does not use multipart form data but the files
+    object is accessed.
+    """
+    oldcls = request.files.__class__
+
+    class newcls(oldcls):
+        def __getitem__(self, key):
+            try:
+                return oldcls.__getitem__(self, key)
+            except KeyError as e:
+                if key not in request.form:
+                    raise
+
+                raise DebugFilesKeyError(request, key) from e
+
+    newcls.__name__ = oldcls.__name__
+    newcls.__module__ = oldcls.__module__
+    request.files.__class__ = newcls
+
+
+def _dump_loader_info(loader) -> t.Generator:
+    yield f"class: {type(loader).__module__}.{type(loader).__name__}"
+    for key, value in sorted(loader.__dict__.items()):
+        if key.startswith("_"):
+            continue
+        if isinstance(value, (tuple, list)):
+            if not all(isinstance(x, str) for x in value):
+                continue
+            yield f"{key}:"
+            for item in value:
+                yield f"  - {item}"
+            continue
+        elif not isinstance(value, (str, int, float, bool)):
+            continue
+        yield f"{key}: {value!r}"
+
+
+def explain_template_loading_attempts(app: Flask, template, attempts) -> None:
+    """This should help developers understand what failed"""
+    info = [f"Locating template {template!r}:"]
+    total_found = 0
+    blueprint = None
+    reqctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+    if reqctx is not None and reqctx.request.blueprint is not None:
+        blueprint = reqctx.request.blueprint
+
+    for idx, (loader, srcobj, triple) in enumerate(attempts):
+        if isinstance(srcobj, Flask):
+            src_info = f"application {srcobj.import_name!r}"
+        elif isinstance(srcobj, Blueprint):
+            src_info = f"blueprint {srcobj.name!r} ({srcobj.import_name})"
+        else:
+            src_info = repr(srcobj)
+
+        info.append(f"{idx + 1:5}: trying loader of {src_info}")
+
+        for line in _dump_loader_info(loader):
+            info.append(f"       {line}")
+
+        if triple is None:
+            detail = "no match"
+        else:
+            detail = f"found ({triple[1] or '<string>'!r})"
+            total_found += 1
+        info.append(f"       -> {detail}")
+
+    seems_fishy = False
+    if total_found == 0:
+        info.append("Error: the template could not be found.")
+        seems_fishy = True
+    elif total_found > 1:
+        info.append("Warning: multiple loaders returned a match for the template.")
+        seems_fishy = True
+
+    if blueprint is not None and seems_fishy:
+        info.append(
+            "  The template was looked up from an endpoint that belongs"
+            f" to the blueprint {blueprint!r}."
+        )
+        info.append("  Maybe you did not place a template in the right folder?")
+        info.append("  See https://flask.palletsprojects.com/blueprints/#templates")
+
+    app.logger.info("\n".join(info))
+
+
+def explain_ignored_app_run() -> None:
+    if os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") != "true":
+        warn(
+            Warning(
+                "Silently ignoring app.run() because the application is"
+                " run from the flask command line executable. Consider"
+                ' putting app.run() behind an if __name__ == "__main__"'
+                " guard to silence this warning."
+            ),
+            stacklevel=3,
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/globals.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/globals.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d91c75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/globals.py
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import typing as t
+from functools import partial
+
+from werkzeug.local import LocalProxy
+from werkzeug.local import LocalStack
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .app import Flask
+    from .ctx import _AppCtxGlobals
+    from .sessions import SessionMixin
+    from .wrappers import Request
+
+_request_ctx_err_msg = """\
+Working outside of request context.
+
+This typically means that you attempted to use functionality that needed
+an active HTTP request.  Consult the documentation on testing for
+information about how to avoid this problem.\
+"""
+_app_ctx_err_msg = """\
+Working outside of application context.
+
+This typically means that you attempted to use functionality that needed
+to interface with the current application object in some way. To solve
+this, set up an application context with app.app_context().  See the
+documentation for more information.\
+"""
+
+
+def _lookup_req_object(name):
+    top = _request_ctx_stack.top
+    if top is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(_request_ctx_err_msg)
+    return getattr(top, name)
+
+
+def _lookup_app_object(name):
+    top = _app_ctx_stack.top
+    if top is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(_app_ctx_err_msg)
+    return getattr(top, name)
+
+
+def _find_app():
+    top = _app_ctx_stack.top
+    if top is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(_app_ctx_err_msg)
+    return top.app
+
+
+# context locals
+_request_ctx_stack = LocalStack()
+_app_ctx_stack = LocalStack()
+current_app: "Flask" = LocalProxy(_find_app)  # type: ignore
+request: "Request" = LocalProxy(partial(_lookup_req_object, "request"))  # type: ignore
+session: "SessionMixin" = LocalProxy(  # type: ignore
+    partial(_lookup_req_object, "session")
+)
+g: "_AppCtxGlobals" = LocalProxy(partial(_lookup_app_object, "g"))  # type: ignore
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/helpers.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/helpers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b8b087
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/helpers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,836 @@
+import os
+import pkgutil
+import socket
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timedelta
+from functools import lru_cache
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from threading import RLock
+
+import werkzeug.utils
+from werkzeug.exceptions import NotFound
+from werkzeug.routing import BuildError
+from werkzeug.urls import url_quote
+
+from .globals import _app_ctx_stack
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
+from .globals import current_app
+from .globals import request
+from .globals import session
+from .signals import message_flashed
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .wrappers import Response
+
+
+def get_env() -> str:
+    """Get the environment the app is running in, indicated by the
+    :envvar:`FLASK_ENV` environment variable. The default is
+    ``'production'``.
+    """
+    return os.environ.get("FLASK_ENV") or "production"
+
+
+def get_debug_flag() -> bool:
+    """Get whether debug mode should be enabled for the app, indicated
+    by the :envvar:`FLASK_DEBUG` environment variable. The default is
+    ``True`` if :func:`.get_env` returns ``'development'``, or ``False``
+    otherwise.
+    """
+    val = os.environ.get("FLASK_DEBUG")
+
+    if not val:
+        return get_env() == "development"
+
+    return val.lower() not in ("0", "false", "no")
+
+
+def get_load_dotenv(default: bool = True) -> bool:
+    """Get whether the user has disabled loading dotenv files by setting
+    :envvar:`FLASK_SKIP_DOTENV`. The default is ``True``, load the
+    files.
+
+    :param default: What to return if the env var isn't set.
+    """
+    val = os.environ.get("FLASK_SKIP_DOTENV")
+
+    if not val:
+        return default
+
+    return val.lower() in ("0", "false", "no")
+
+
+def stream_with_context(
+    generator_or_function: t.Union[
+        t.Iterator[t.AnyStr], t.Callable[..., t.Iterator[t.AnyStr]]
+    ]
+) -> t.Iterator[t.AnyStr]:
+    """Request contexts disappear when the response is started on the server.
+    This is done for efficiency reasons and to make it less likely to encounter
+    memory leaks with badly written WSGI middlewares.  The downside is that if
+    you are using streamed responses, the generator cannot access request bound
+    information any more.
+
+    This function however can help you keep the context around for longer::
+
+        from flask import stream_with_context, request, Response
+
+        @app.route('/stream')
+        def streamed_response():
+            @stream_with_context
+            def generate():
+                yield 'Hello '
+                yield request.args['name']
+                yield '!'
+            return Response(generate())
+
+    Alternatively it can also be used around a specific generator::
+
+        from flask import stream_with_context, request, Response
+
+        @app.route('/stream')
+        def streamed_response():
+            def generate():
+                yield 'Hello '
+                yield request.args['name']
+                yield '!'
+            return Response(stream_with_context(generate()))
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+    try:
+        gen = iter(generator_or_function)  # type: ignore
+    except TypeError:
+
+        def decorator(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+            gen = generator_or_function(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+            return stream_with_context(gen)
+
+        return update_wrapper(decorator, generator_or_function)  # type: ignore
+
+    def generator() -> t.Generator:
+        ctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+        if ctx is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Attempted to stream with context but "
+                "there was no context in the first place to keep around."
+            )
+        with ctx:
+            # Dummy sentinel.  Has to be inside the context block or we're
+            # not actually keeping the context around.
+            yield None
+
+            # The try/finally is here so that if someone passes a WSGI level
+            # iterator in we're still running the cleanup logic.  Generators
+            # don't need that because they are closed on their destruction
+            # automatically.
+            try:
+                yield from gen
+            finally:
+                if hasattr(gen, "close"):
+                    gen.close()  # type: ignore
+
+    # The trick is to start the generator.  Then the code execution runs until
+    # the first dummy None is yielded at which point the context was already
+    # pushed.  This item is discarded.  Then when the iteration continues the
+    # real generator is executed.
+    wrapped_g = generator()
+    next(wrapped_g)
+    return wrapped_g
+
+
+def make_response(*args: t.Any) -> "Response":
+    """Sometimes it is necessary to set additional headers in a view.  Because
+    views do not have to return response objects but can return a value that
+    is converted into a response object by Flask itself, it becomes tricky to
+    add headers to it.  This function can be called instead of using a return
+    and you will get a response object which you can use to attach headers.
+
+    If view looked like this and you want to add a new header::
+
+        def index():
+            return render_template('index.html', foo=42)
+
+    You can now do something like this::
+
+        def index():
+            response = make_response(render_template('index.html', foo=42))
+            response.headers['X-Parachutes'] = 'parachutes are cool'
+            return response
+
+    This function accepts the very same arguments you can return from a
+    view function.  This for example creates a response with a 404 error
+    code::
+
+        response = make_response(render_template('not_found.html'), 404)
+
+    The other use case of this function is to force the return value of a
+    view function into a response which is helpful with view
+    decorators::
+
+        response = make_response(view_function())
+        response.headers['X-Parachutes'] = 'parachutes are cool'
+
+    Internally this function does the following things:
+
+    -   if no arguments are passed, it creates a new response argument
+    -   if one argument is passed, :meth:`flask.Flask.make_response`
+        is invoked with it.
+    -   if more than one argument is passed, the arguments are passed
+        to the :meth:`flask.Flask.make_response` function as tuple.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6
+    """
+    if not args:
+        return current_app.response_class()
+    if len(args) == 1:
+        args = args[0]
+    return current_app.make_response(args)
+
+
+def url_for(endpoint: str, **values: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Generates a URL to the given endpoint with the method provided.
+
+    Variable arguments that are unknown to the target endpoint are appended
+    to the generated URL as query arguments.  If the value of a query argument
+    is ``None``, the whole pair is skipped.  In case blueprints are active
+    you can shortcut references to the same blueprint by prefixing the
+    local endpoint with a dot (``.``).
+
+    This will reference the index function local to the current blueprint::
+
+        url_for('.index')
+
+    See :ref:`url-building`.
+
+    Configuration values ``APPLICATION_ROOT`` and ``SERVER_NAME`` are only used when
+    generating URLs outside of a request context.
+
+    To integrate applications, :class:`Flask` has a hook to intercept URL build
+    errors through :attr:`Flask.url_build_error_handlers`.  The `url_for`
+    function results in a :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError` when the current
+    app does not have a URL for the given endpoint and values.  When it does, the
+    :data:`~flask.current_app` calls its :attr:`~Flask.url_build_error_handlers` if
+    it is not ``None``, which can return a string to use as the result of
+    `url_for` (instead of `url_for`'s default to raise the
+    :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError` exception) or re-raise the exception.
+    An example::
+
+        def external_url_handler(error, endpoint, values):
+            "Looks up an external URL when `url_for` cannot build a URL."
+            # This is an example of hooking the build_error_handler.
+            # Here, lookup_url is some utility function you've built
+            # which looks up the endpoint in some external URL registry.
+            url = lookup_url(endpoint, **values)
+            if url is None:
+                # External lookup did not have a URL.
+                # Re-raise the BuildError, in context of original traceback.
+                exc_type, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info()
+                if exc_value is error:
+                    raise exc_type(exc_value).with_traceback(tb)
+                else:
+                    raise error
+            # url_for will use this result, instead of raising BuildError.
+            return url
+
+        app.url_build_error_handlers.append(external_url_handler)
+
+    Here, `error` is the instance of :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError`, and
+    `endpoint` and `values` are the arguments passed into `url_for`.  Note
+    that this is for building URLs outside the current application, and not for
+    handling 404 NotFound errors.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.10
+       The `_scheme` parameter was added.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+       The `_anchor` and `_method` parameters were added.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+       Calls :meth:`Flask.handle_build_error` on
+       :exc:`~werkzeug.routing.BuildError`.
+
+    :param endpoint: the endpoint of the URL (name of the function)
+    :param values: the variable arguments of the URL rule
+    :param _external: if set to ``True``, an absolute URL is generated. Server
+      address can be changed via ``SERVER_NAME`` configuration variable which
+      falls back to the `Host` header, then to the IP and port of the request.
+    :param _scheme: a string specifying the desired URL scheme. The `_external`
+      parameter must be set to ``True`` or a :exc:`ValueError` is raised. The default
+      behavior uses the same scheme as the current request, or
+      :data:`PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME` if no request context is available.
+      This also can be set to an empty string to build protocol-relative
+      URLs.
+    :param _anchor: if provided this is added as anchor to the URL.
+    :param _method: if provided this explicitly specifies an HTTP method.
+    """
+    appctx = _app_ctx_stack.top
+    reqctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+
+    if appctx is None:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "Attempted to generate a URL without the application context being"
+            " pushed. This has to be executed when application context is"
+            " available."
+        )
+
+    # If request specific information is available we have some extra
+    # features that support "relative" URLs.
+    if reqctx is not None:
+        url_adapter = reqctx.url_adapter
+        blueprint_name = request.blueprint
+
+        if endpoint[:1] == ".":
+            if blueprint_name is not None:
+                endpoint = f"{blueprint_name}{endpoint}"
+            else:
+                endpoint = endpoint[1:]
+
+        external = values.pop("_external", False)
+
+    # Otherwise go with the url adapter from the appctx and make
+    # the URLs external by default.
+    else:
+        url_adapter = appctx.url_adapter
+
+        if url_adapter is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Application was not able to create a URL adapter for request"
+                " independent URL generation. You might be able to fix this by"
+                " setting the SERVER_NAME config variable."
+            )
+
+        external = values.pop("_external", True)
+
+    anchor = values.pop("_anchor", None)
+    method = values.pop("_method", None)
+    scheme = values.pop("_scheme", None)
+    appctx.app.inject_url_defaults(endpoint, values)
+
+    # This is not the best way to deal with this but currently the
+    # underlying Werkzeug router does not support overriding the scheme on
+    # a per build call basis.
+    old_scheme = None
+    if scheme is not None:
+        if not external:
+            raise ValueError("When specifying _scheme, _external must be True")
+        old_scheme = url_adapter.url_scheme
+        url_adapter.url_scheme = scheme
+
+    try:
+        try:
+            rv = url_adapter.build(
+                endpoint, values, method=method, force_external=external
+            )
+        finally:
+            if old_scheme is not None:
+                url_adapter.url_scheme = old_scheme
+    except BuildError as error:
+        # We need to inject the values again so that the app callback can
+        # deal with that sort of stuff.
+        values["_external"] = external
+        values["_anchor"] = anchor
+        values["_method"] = method
+        values["_scheme"] = scheme
+        return appctx.app.handle_url_build_error(error, endpoint, values)
+
+    if anchor is not None:
+        rv += f"#{url_quote(anchor)}"
+    return rv
+
+
+def get_template_attribute(template_name: str, attribute: str) -> t.Any:
+    """Loads a macro (or variable) a template exports.  This can be used to
+    invoke a macro from within Python code.  If you for example have a
+    template named :file:`_cider.html` with the following contents:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: html+jinja
+
+       {% macro hello(name) %}Hello {{ name }}!{% endmacro %}
+
+    You can access this from Python code like this::
+
+        hello = get_template_attribute('_cider.html', 'hello')
+        return hello('World')
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.2
+
+    :param template_name: the name of the template
+    :param attribute: the name of the variable of macro to access
+    """
+    return getattr(current_app.jinja_env.get_template(template_name).module, attribute)
+
+
+def flash(message: str, category: str = "message") -> None:
+    """Flashes a message to the next request.  In order to remove the
+    flashed message from the session and to display it to the user,
+    the template has to call :func:`get_flashed_messages`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.3
+       `category` parameter added.
+
+    :param message: the message to be flashed.
+    :param category: the category for the message.  The following values
+                     are recommended: ``'message'`` for any kind of message,
+                     ``'error'`` for errors, ``'info'`` for information
+                     messages and ``'warning'`` for warnings.  However any
+                     kind of string can be used as category.
+    """
+    # Original implementation:
+    #
+    #     session.setdefault('_flashes', []).append((category, message))
+    #
+    # This assumed that changes made to mutable structures in the session are
+    # always in sync with the session object, which is not true for session
+    # implementations that use external storage for keeping their keys/values.
+    flashes = session.get("_flashes", [])
+    flashes.append((category, message))
+    session["_flashes"] = flashes
+    message_flashed.send(
+        current_app._get_current_object(),  # type: ignore
+        message=message,
+        category=category,
+    )
+
+
+def get_flashed_messages(
+    with_categories: bool = False, category_filter: t.Iterable[str] = ()
+) -> t.Union[t.List[str], t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]]:
+    """Pulls all flashed messages from the session and returns them.
+    Further calls in the same request to the function will return
+    the same messages.  By default just the messages are returned,
+    but when `with_categories` is set to ``True``, the return value will
+    be a list of tuples in the form ``(category, message)`` instead.
+
+    Filter the flashed messages to one or more categories by providing those
+    categories in `category_filter`.  This allows rendering categories in
+    separate html blocks.  The `with_categories` and `category_filter`
+    arguments are distinct:
+
+    * `with_categories` controls whether categories are returned with message
+      text (``True`` gives a tuple, where ``False`` gives just the message text).
+    * `category_filter` filters the messages down to only those matching the
+      provided categories.
+
+    See :doc:`/patterns/flashing` for examples.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.3
+       `with_categories` parameter added.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+        `category_filter` parameter added.
+
+    :param with_categories: set to ``True`` to also receive categories.
+    :param category_filter: filter of categories to limit return values.  Only
+                            categories in the list will be returned.
+    """
+    flashes = _request_ctx_stack.top.flashes
+    if flashes is None:
+        _request_ctx_stack.top.flashes = flashes = (
+            session.pop("_flashes") if "_flashes" in session else []
+        )
+    if category_filter:
+        flashes = list(filter(lambda f: f[0] in category_filter, flashes))
+    if not with_categories:
+        return [x[1] for x in flashes]
+    return flashes
+
+
+def _prepare_send_file_kwargs(
+    download_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    attachment_filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    etag: t.Optional[t.Union[bool, str]] = None,
+    add_etags: t.Optional[t.Union[bool]] = None,
+    max_age: t.Optional[
+        t.Union[int, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str]], t.Optional[int]]]
+    ] = None,
+    cache_timeout: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+    if attachment_filename is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The 'attachment_filename' parameter has been renamed to"
+            " 'download_name'. The old name will be removed in Flask"
+            " 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=3,
+        )
+        download_name = attachment_filename
+
+    if cache_timeout is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The 'cache_timeout' parameter has been renamed to"
+            " 'max_age'. The old name will be removed in Flask 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=3,
+        )
+        max_age = cache_timeout
+
+    if add_etags is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The 'add_etags' parameter has been renamed to 'etag'. The"
+            " old name will be removed in Flask 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=3,
+        )
+        etag = add_etags
+
+    if max_age is None:
+        max_age = current_app.get_send_file_max_age
+
+    kwargs.update(
+        environ=request.environ,
+        download_name=download_name,
+        etag=etag,
+        max_age=max_age,
+        use_x_sendfile=current_app.use_x_sendfile,
+        response_class=current_app.response_class,
+        _root_path=current_app.root_path,  # type: ignore
+    )
+    return kwargs
+
+
+def send_file(
+    path_or_file: t.Union[os.PathLike, str, t.BinaryIO],
+    mimetype: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    as_attachment: bool = False,
+    download_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    attachment_filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    conditional: bool = True,
+    etag: t.Union[bool, str] = True,
+    add_etags: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    last_modified: t.Optional[t.Union[datetime, int, float]] = None,
+    max_age: t.Optional[
+        t.Union[int, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str]], t.Optional[int]]]
+    ] = None,
+    cache_timeout: t.Optional[int] = None,
+):
+    """Send the contents of a file to the client.
+
+    The first argument can be a file path or a file-like object. Paths
+    are preferred in most cases because Werkzeug can manage the file and
+    get extra information from the path. Passing a file-like object
+    requires that the file is opened in binary mode, and is mostly
+    useful when building a file in memory with :class:`io.BytesIO`.
+
+    Never pass file paths provided by a user. The path is assumed to be
+    trusted, so a user could craft a path to access a file you didn't
+    intend. Use :func:`send_from_directory` to safely serve
+    user-requested paths from within a directory.
+
+    If the WSGI server sets a ``file_wrapper`` in ``environ``, it is
+    used, otherwise Werkzeug's built-in wrapper is used. Alternatively,
+    if the HTTP server supports ``X-Sendfile``, configuring Flask with
+    ``USE_X_SENDFILE = True`` will tell the server to send the given
+    path, which is much more efficient than reading it in Python.
+
+    :param path_or_file: The path to the file to send, relative to the
+        current working directory if a relative path is given.
+        Alternatively, a file-like object opened in binary mode. Make
+        sure the file pointer is seeked to the start of the data.
+    :param mimetype: The MIME type to send for the file. If not
+        provided, it will try to detect it from the file name.
+    :param as_attachment: Indicate to a browser that it should offer to
+        save the file instead of displaying it.
+    :param download_name: The default name browsers will use when saving
+        the file. Defaults to the passed file name.
+    :param conditional: Enable conditional and range responses based on
+        request headers. Requires passing a file path and ``environ``.
+    :param etag: Calculate an ETag for the file, which requires passing
+        a file path. Can also be a string to use instead.
+    :param last_modified: The last modified time to send for the file,
+        in seconds. If not provided, it will try to detect it from the
+        file path.
+    :param max_age: How long the client should cache the file, in
+        seconds. If set, ``Cache-Control`` will be ``public``, otherwise
+        it will be ``no-cache`` to prefer conditional caching.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``download_name`` replaces the ``attachment_filename``
+        parameter. If ``as_attachment=False``, it is passed with
+        ``Content-Disposition: inline`` instead.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``max_age`` replaces the ``cache_timeout`` parameter.
+        ``conditional`` is enabled and ``max_age`` is not set by
+        default.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``etag`` replaces the ``add_etags`` parameter. It can be a
+        string to use instead of generating one.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Passing a file-like object that inherits from
+        :class:`~io.TextIOBase` will raise a :exc:`ValueError` rather
+        than sending an empty file.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        Moved the implementation to Werkzeug. This is now a wrapper to
+        pass some Flask-specific arguments.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.1
+        ``filename`` may be a :class:`~os.PathLike` object.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.1
+        Passing a :class:`~io.BytesIO` object supports range requests.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0.3
+        Filenames are encoded with ASCII instead of Latin-1 for broader
+        compatibility with WSGI servers.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+        UTF-8 filenames as specified in :rfc:`2231` are supported.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.12
+        The filename is no longer automatically inferred from file
+        objects. If you want to use automatic MIME and etag support,
+        pass a filename via ``filename_or_fp`` or
+        ``attachment_filename``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.12
+        ``attachment_filename`` is preferred over ``filename`` for MIME
+        detection.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+        ``cache_timeout`` defaults to
+        :meth:`Flask.get_send_file_max_age`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.7
+        MIME guessing and etag support for file-like objects was
+        deprecated because it was unreliable. Pass a filename if you are
+        able to, otherwise attach an etag yourself.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+        The ``add_etags``, ``cache_timeout`` and ``conditional``
+        parameters were added. The default behavior is to add etags.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.2
+    """
+    return werkzeug.utils.send_file(
+        **_prepare_send_file_kwargs(
+            path_or_file=path_or_file,
+            environ=request.environ,
+            mimetype=mimetype,
+            as_attachment=as_attachment,
+            download_name=download_name,
+            attachment_filename=attachment_filename,
+            conditional=conditional,
+            etag=etag,
+            add_etags=add_etags,
+            last_modified=last_modified,
+            max_age=max_age,
+            cache_timeout=cache_timeout,
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def safe_join(directory: str, *pathnames: str) -> str:
+    """Safely join zero or more untrusted path components to a base
+    directory to avoid escaping the base directory.
+
+    :param directory: The trusted base directory.
+    :param pathnames: The untrusted path components relative to the
+        base directory.
+    :return: A safe path, otherwise ``None``.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'flask.helpers.safe_join' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+        " Flask 2.1. Use 'werkzeug.utils.safe_join' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    path = werkzeug.utils.safe_join(directory, *pathnames)
+
+    if path is None:
+        raise NotFound()
+
+    return path
+
+
+def send_from_directory(
+    directory: t.Union[os.PathLike, str],
+    path: t.Union[os.PathLike, str],
+    filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> "Response":
+    """Send a file from within a directory using :func:`send_file`.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        @app.route("/uploads/<path:name>")
+        def download_file(name):
+            return send_from_directory(
+                app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], name, as_attachment=True
+            )
+
+    This is a secure way to serve files from a folder, such as static
+    files or uploads. Uses :func:`~werkzeug.security.safe_join` to
+    ensure the path coming from the client is not maliciously crafted to
+    point outside the specified directory.
+
+    If the final path does not point to an existing regular file,
+    raises a 404 :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.NotFound` error.
+
+    :param directory: The directory that ``path`` must be located under.
+    :param path: The path to the file to send, relative to
+        ``directory``.
+    :param kwargs: Arguments to pass to :func:`send_file`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``path`` replaces the ``filename`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        Moved the implementation to Werkzeug. This is now a wrapper to
+        pass some Flask-specific arguments.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+    """
+    if filename is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The 'filename' parameter has been renamed to 'path'. The"
+            " old name will be removed in Flask 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        path = filename
+
+    return werkzeug.utils.send_from_directory(  # type: ignore
+        directory, path, **_prepare_send_file_kwargs(**kwargs)
+    )
+
+
+def get_root_path(import_name: str) -> str:
+    """Find the root path of a package, or the path that contains a
+    module. If it cannot be found, returns the current working
+    directory.
+
+    Not to be confused with the value returned by :func:`find_package`.
+
+    :meta private:
+    """
+    # Module already imported and has a file attribute. Use that first.
+    mod = sys.modules.get(import_name)
+
+    if mod is not None and hasattr(mod, "__file__"):
+        return os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(mod.__file__))
+
+    # Next attempt: check the loader.
+    loader = pkgutil.get_loader(import_name)
+
+    # Loader does not exist or we're referring to an unloaded main
+    # module or a main module without path (interactive sessions), go
+    # with the current working directory.
+    if loader is None or import_name == "__main__":
+        return os.getcwd()
+
+    if hasattr(loader, "get_filename"):
+        filepath = loader.get_filename(import_name)  # type: ignore
+    else:
+        # Fall back to imports.
+        __import__(import_name)
+        mod = sys.modules[import_name]
+        filepath = getattr(mod, "__file__", None)
+
+        # If we don't have a file path it might be because it is a
+        # namespace package. In this case pick the root path from the
+        # first module that is contained in the package.
+        if filepath is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "No root path can be found for the provided module"
+                f" {import_name!r}. This can happen because the module"
+                " came from an import hook that does not provide file"
+                " name information or because it's a namespace package."
+                " In this case the root path needs to be explicitly"
+                " provided."
+            )
+
+    # filepath is import_name.py for a module, or __init__.py for a package.
+    return os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(filepath))
+
+
+class locked_cached_property(werkzeug.utils.cached_property):
+    """A :func:`property` that is only evaluated once. Like
+    :class:`werkzeug.utils.cached_property` except access uses a lock
+    for thread safety.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Inherits from Werkzeug's ``cached_property`` (and ``property``).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        fget: t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any],
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        doc: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(fget, name=name, doc=doc)
+        self.lock = RLock()
+
+    def __get__(self, obj: object, type: type = None) -> t.Any:  # type: ignore
+        if obj is None:
+            return self
+
+        with self.lock:
+            return super().__get__(obj, type=type)
+
+    def __set__(self, obj: object, value: t.Any) -> None:
+        with self.lock:
+            super().__set__(obj, value)
+
+    def __delete__(self, obj: object) -> None:
+        with self.lock:
+            super().__delete__(obj)
+
+
+def total_seconds(td: timedelta) -> int:
+    """Returns the total seconds from a timedelta object.
+
+    :param timedelta td: the timedelta to be converted in seconds
+
+    :returns: number of seconds
+    :rtype: int
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Flask 2.1. Use
+        :meth:`timedelta.total_seconds` instead.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'total_seconds' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask"
+        " 2.1. Use 'timedelta.total_seconds' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return td.days * 60 * 60 * 24 + td.seconds
+
+
+def is_ip(value: str) -> bool:
+    """Determine if the given string is an IP address.
+
+    :param value: value to check
+    :type value: str
+
+    :return: True if string is an IP address
+    :rtype: bool
+    """
+    for family in (socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6):
+        try:
+            socket.inet_pton(family, value)
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _split_blueprint_path(name: str) -> t.List[str]:
+    out: t.List[str] = [name]
+
+    if "." in name:
+        out.extend(_split_blueprint_path(name.rpartition(".")[0]))
+
+    return out
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10d5123
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+import decimal
+import io
+import json as _json
+import typing as t
+import uuid
+import warnings
+from datetime import date
+
+from jinja2.utils import htmlsafe_json_dumps as _jinja_htmlsafe_dumps
+from werkzeug.http import http_date
+
+from ..globals import current_app
+from ..globals import request
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ..app import Flask
+    from ..wrappers import Response
+
+try:
+    import dataclasses
+except ImportError:
+    # Python < 3.7
+    dataclasses = None  # type: ignore
+
+
+class JSONEncoder(_json.JSONEncoder):
+    """The default JSON encoder. Handles extra types compared to the
+    built-in :class:`json.JSONEncoder`.
+
+    -   :class:`datetime.datetime` and :class:`datetime.date` are
+        serialized to :rfc:`822` strings. This is the same as the HTTP
+        date format.
+    -   :class:`uuid.UUID` is serialized to a string.
+    -   :class:`dataclasses.dataclass` is passed to
+        :func:`dataclasses.asdict`.
+    -   :class:`~markupsafe.Markup` (or any object with a ``__html__``
+        method) will call the ``__html__`` method to get a string.
+
+    Assign a subclass of this to :attr:`flask.Flask.json_encoder` or
+    :attr:`flask.Blueprint.json_encoder` to override the default.
+    """
+
+    def default(self, o: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Convert ``o`` to a JSON serializable type. See
+        :meth:`json.JSONEncoder.default`. Python does not support
+        overriding how basic types like ``str`` or ``list`` are
+        serialized, they are handled before this method.
+        """
+        if isinstance(o, date):
+            return http_date(o)
+        if isinstance(o, (decimal.Decimal, uuid.UUID)):
+            return str(o)
+        if dataclasses and dataclasses.is_dataclass(o):
+            return dataclasses.asdict(o)
+        if hasattr(o, "__html__"):
+            return str(o.__html__())
+        return super().default(o)
+
+
+class JSONDecoder(_json.JSONDecoder):
+    """The default JSON decoder.
+
+    This does not change any behavior from the built-in
+    :class:`json.JSONDecoder`.
+
+    Assign a subclass of this to :attr:`flask.Flask.json_decoder` or
+    :attr:`flask.Blueprint.json_decoder` to override the default.
+    """
+
+
+def _dump_arg_defaults(
+    kwargs: t.Dict[str, t.Any], app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None
+) -> None:
+    """Inject default arguments for dump functions."""
+    if app is None:
+        app = current_app
+
+    if app:
+        cls = app.json_encoder
+        bp = app.blueprints.get(request.blueprint) if request else None  # type: ignore
+        if bp is not None and bp.json_encoder is not None:
+            cls = bp.json_encoder
+
+        kwargs.setdefault("cls", cls)
+        kwargs.setdefault("ensure_ascii", app.config["JSON_AS_ASCII"])
+        kwargs.setdefault("sort_keys", app.config["JSON_SORT_KEYS"])
+    else:
+        kwargs.setdefault("sort_keys", True)
+        kwargs.setdefault("cls", JSONEncoder)
+
+
+def _load_arg_defaults(
+    kwargs: t.Dict[str, t.Any], app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None
+) -> None:
+    """Inject default arguments for load functions."""
+    if app is None:
+        app = current_app
+
+    if app:
+        cls = app.json_decoder
+        bp = app.blueprints.get(request.blueprint) if request else None  # type: ignore
+        if bp is not None and bp.json_decoder is not None:
+            cls = bp.json_decoder
+
+        kwargs.setdefault("cls", cls)
+    else:
+        kwargs.setdefault("cls", JSONDecoder)
+
+
+def dumps(obj: t.Any, app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None, **kwargs: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Serialize an object to a string of JSON.
+
+    Takes the same arguments as the built-in :func:`json.dumps`, with
+    some defaults from application configuration.
+
+    :param obj: Object to serialize to JSON.
+    :param app: Use this app's config instead of the active app context
+        or defaults.
+    :param kwargs: Extra arguments passed to :func:`json.dumps`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0.2
+        :class:`decimal.Decimal` is supported by converting to a string.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``encoding`` is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0.3
+        ``app`` can be passed directly, rather than requiring an app
+        context for configuration.
+    """
+    _dump_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
+    encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
+    rv = _json.dumps(obj, **kwargs)
+
+    if encoding is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'encoding' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+        if isinstance(rv, str):
+            return rv.encode(encoding)  # type: ignore
+
+    return rv
+
+
+def dump(
+    obj: t.Any, fp: t.IO[str], app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> None:
+    """Serialize an object to JSON written to a file object.
+
+    Takes the same arguments as the built-in :func:`json.dump`, with
+    some defaults from application configuration.
+
+    :param obj: Object to serialize to JSON.
+    :param fp: File object to write JSON to.
+    :param app: Use this app's config instead of the active app context
+        or defaults.
+    :param kwargs: Extra arguments passed to :func:`json.dump`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Writing to a binary file, and the ``encoding`` argument, is
+        deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1.
+    """
+    _dump_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
+    encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
+    show_warning = encoding is not None
+
+    try:
+        fp.write("")
+    except TypeError:
+        show_warning = True
+        fp = io.TextIOWrapper(fp, encoding or "utf-8")  # type: ignore
+
+    if show_warning:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Writing to a binary file, and the 'encoding' argument, is"
+            " deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+    _json.dump(obj, fp, **kwargs)
+
+
+def loads(s: str, app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+    """Deserialize an object from a string of JSON.
+
+    Takes the same arguments as the built-in :func:`json.loads`, with
+    some defaults from application configuration.
+
+    :param s: JSON string to deserialize.
+    :param app: Use this app's config instead of the active app context
+        or defaults.
+    :param kwargs: Extra arguments passed to :func:`json.loads`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``encoding`` is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1. The
+        data must be a string or UTF-8 bytes.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0.3
+        ``app`` can be passed directly, rather than requiring an app
+        context for configuration.
+    """
+    _load_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
+    encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
+
+    if encoding is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'encoding' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1."
+            " The data must be a string or UTF-8 bytes.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+        if isinstance(s, bytes):
+            s = s.decode(encoding)
+
+    return _json.loads(s, **kwargs)
+
+
+def load(fp: t.IO[str], app: t.Optional["Flask"] = None, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+    """Deserialize an object from JSON read from a file object.
+
+    Takes the same arguments as the built-in :func:`json.load`, with
+    some defaults from application configuration.
+
+    :param fp: File object to read JSON from.
+    :param app: Use this app's config instead of the active app context
+        or defaults.
+    :param kwargs: Extra arguments passed to :func:`json.load`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``encoding`` is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1. The
+        file must be text mode, or binary mode with UTF-8 bytes.
+    """
+    _load_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
+    encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
+
+    if encoding is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'encoding' is deprecated and will be removed in Flask 2.1."
+            " The file must be text mode, or binary mode with UTF-8"
+            " bytes.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+        if isinstance(fp.read(0), bytes):
+            fp = io.TextIOWrapper(fp, encoding)  # type: ignore
+
+    return _json.load(fp, **kwargs)
+
+
+def htmlsafe_dumps(obj: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Serialize an object to a string of JSON with :func:`dumps`, then
+    replace HTML-unsafe characters with Unicode escapes and mark the
+    result safe with :class:`~markupsafe.Markup`.
+
+    This is available in templates as the ``|tojson`` filter.
+
+    The returned string is safe to render in HTML documents and
+    ``<script>`` tags. The exception is in HTML attributes that are
+    double quoted; either use single quotes or the ``|forceescape``
+    filter.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Uses :func:`jinja2.utils.htmlsafe_json_dumps`. The returned
+        value is marked safe by wrapping in :class:`~markupsafe.Markup`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.10
+        Single quotes are escaped, making this safe to use in HTML,
+        ``<script>`` tags, and single-quoted attributes without further
+        escaping.
+    """
+    return _jinja_htmlsafe_dumps(obj, dumps=dumps, **kwargs)
+
+
+def htmlsafe_dump(obj: t.Any, fp: t.IO[str], **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+    """Serialize an object to JSON written to a file object, replacing
+    HTML-unsafe characters with Unicode escapes. See
+    :func:`htmlsafe_dumps` and :func:`dumps`.
+    """
+    fp.write(htmlsafe_dumps(obj, **kwargs))
+
+
+def jsonify(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "Response":
+    """Serialize data to JSON and wrap it in a :class:`~flask.Response`
+    with the :mimetype:`application/json` mimetype.
+
+    Uses :func:`dumps` to serialize the data, but ``args`` and
+    ``kwargs`` are treated as data rather than arguments to
+    :func:`json.dumps`.
+
+    1.  Single argument: Treated as a single value.
+    2.  Multiple arguments: Treated as a list of values.
+        ``jsonify(1, 2, 3)`` is the same as ``jsonify([1, 2, 3])``.
+    3.  Keyword arguments: Treated as a dict of values.
+        ``jsonify(data=data, errors=errors)`` is the same as
+        ``jsonify({"data": data, "errors": errors})``.
+    4.  Passing both arguments and keyword arguments is not allowed as
+        it's not clear what should happen.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        from flask import jsonify
+
+        @app.route("/users/me")
+        def get_current_user():
+            return jsonify(
+                username=g.user.username,
+                email=g.user.email,
+                id=g.user.id,
+            )
+
+    Will return a JSON response like this:
+
+    .. code-block:: javascript
+
+        {
+          "username": "admin",
+          "email": "admin@localhost",
+          "id": 42
+        }
+
+    The default output omits indents and spaces after separators. In
+    debug mode or if :data:`JSONIFY_PRETTYPRINT_REGULAR` is ``True``,
+    the output will be formatted to be easier to read.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0.2
+        :class:`decimal.Decimal` is supported by converting to a string.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.11
+        Added support for serializing top-level arrays. This introduces
+        a security risk in ancient browsers. See :ref:`security-json`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.2
+    """
+    indent = None
+    separators = (",", ":")
+
+    if current_app.config["JSONIFY_PRETTYPRINT_REGULAR"] or current_app.debug:
+        indent = 2
+        separators = (", ", ": ")
+
+    if args and kwargs:
+        raise TypeError("jsonify() behavior undefined when passed both args and kwargs")
+    elif len(args) == 1:  # single args are passed directly to dumps()
+        data = args[0]
+    else:
+        data = args or kwargs
+
+    return current_app.response_class(
+        f"{dumps(data, indent=indent, separators=separators)}\n",
+        mimetype=current_app.config["JSONIFY_MIMETYPE"],
+    )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/__pycache__/tag.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/__pycache__/tag.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/tag.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/tag.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97f365a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/tag.py
@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+"""
+Tagged JSON
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+A compact representation for lossless serialization of non-standard JSON
+types. :class:`~flask.sessions.SecureCookieSessionInterface` uses this
+to serialize the session data, but it may be useful in other places. It
+can be extended to support other types.
+
+.. autoclass:: TaggedJSONSerializer
+    :members:
+
+.. autoclass:: JSONTag
+    :members:
+
+Let's see an example that adds support for
+:class:`~collections.OrderedDict`. Dicts don't have an order in JSON, so
+to handle this we will dump the items as a list of ``[key, value]``
+pairs. Subclass :class:`JSONTag` and give it the new key ``' od'`` to
+identify the type. The session serializer processes dicts first, so
+insert the new tag at the front of the order since ``OrderedDict`` must
+be processed before ``dict``.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from flask.json.tag import JSONTag
+
+    class TagOrderedDict(JSONTag):
+        __slots__ = ('serializer',)
+        key = ' od'
+
+        def check(self, value):
+            return isinstance(value, OrderedDict)
+
+        def to_json(self, value):
+            return [[k, self.serializer.tag(v)] for k, v in iteritems(value)]
+
+        def to_python(self, value):
+            return OrderedDict(value)
+
+    app.session_interface.serializer.register(TagOrderedDict, index=0)
+"""
+import typing as t
+from base64 import b64decode
+from base64 import b64encode
+from datetime import datetime
+from uuid import UUID
+
+from markupsafe import Markup
+from werkzeug.http import http_date
+from werkzeug.http import parse_date
+
+from ..json import dumps
+from ..json import loads
+
+
+class JSONTag:
+    """Base class for defining type tags for :class:`TaggedJSONSerializer`."""
+
+    __slots__ = ("serializer",)
+
+    #: The tag to mark the serialized object with. If ``None``, this tag is
+    #: only used as an intermediate step during tagging.
+    key: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+    def __init__(self, serializer: "TaggedJSONSerializer") -> None:
+        """Create a tagger for the given serializer."""
+        self.serializer = serializer
+
+    def check(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        """Check if the given value should be tagged by this tag."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def to_json(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Convert the Python object to an object that is a valid JSON type.
+        The tag will be added later."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def to_python(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Convert the JSON representation back to the correct type. The tag
+        will already be removed."""
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def tag(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Convert the value to a valid JSON type and add the tag structure
+        around it."""
+        return {self.key: self.to_json(value)}
+
+
+class TagDict(JSONTag):
+    """Tag for 1-item dicts whose only key matches a registered tag.
+
+    Internally, the dict key is suffixed with `__`, and the suffix is removed
+    when deserializing.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+    key = " di"
+
+    def check(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        return (
+            isinstance(value, dict)
+            and len(value) == 1
+            and next(iter(value)) in self.serializer.tags
+        )
+
+    def to_json(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        key = next(iter(value))
+        return {f"{key}__": self.serializer.tag(value[key])}
+
+    def to_python(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        key = next(iter(value))
+        return {key[:-2]: value[key]}
+
+
+class PassDict(JSONTag):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def check(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(value, dict)
+
+    def to_json(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        # JSON objects may only have string keys, so don't bother tagging the
+        # key here.
+        return {k: self.serializer.tag(v) for k, v in value.items()}
+
+    tag = to_json
+
+
+class TagTuple(JSONTag):
+    __slots__ = ()
+    key = " t"
+
+    def check(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(value, tuple)
+
+    def to_json(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return [self.serializer.tag(item) for item in value]
+
+    def to_python(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return tuple(value)
+
+
+class PassList(JSONTag):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def check(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(value, list)
+
+    def to_json(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return [self.serializer.tag(item) for item in value]
+
+    tag = to_json
+
+
+class TagBytes(JSONTag):
+    __slots__ = ()
+    key = " b"
+
+    def check(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(value, bytes)
+
+    def to_json(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return b64encode(value).decode("ascii")
+
+    def to_python(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return b64decode(value)
+
+
+class TagMarkup(JSONTag):
+    """Serialize anything matching the :class:`~markupsafe.Markup` API by
+    having a ``__html__`` method to the result of that method. Always
+    deserializes to an instance of :class:`~markupsafe.Markup`."""
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+    key = " m"
+
+    def check(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        return callable(getattr(value, "__html__", None))
+
+    def to_json(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return str(value.__html__())
+
+    def to_python(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return Markup(value)
+
+
+class TagUUID(JSONTag):
+    __slots__ = ()
+    key = " u"
+
+    def check(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(value, UUID)
+
+    def to_json(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return value.hex
+
+    def to_python(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return UUID(value)
+
+
+class TagDateTime(JSONTag):
+    __slots__ = ()
+    key = " d"
+
+    def check(self, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(value, datetime)
+
+    def to_json(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return http_date(value)
+
+    def to_python(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return parse_date(value)
+
+
+class TaggedJSONSerializer:
+    """Serializer that uses a tag system to compactly represent objects that
+    are not JSON types. Passed as the intermediate serializer to
+    :class:`itsdangerous.Serializer`.
+
+    The following extra types are supported:
+
+    * :class:`dict`
+    * :class:`tuple`
+    * :class:`bytes`
+    * :class:`~markupsafe.Markup`
+    * :class:`~uuid.UUID`
+    * :class:`~datetime.datetime`
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("tags", "order")
+
+    #: Tag classes to bind when creating the serializer. Other tags can be
+    #: added later using :meth:`~register`.
+    default_tags = [
+        TagDict,
+        PassDict,
+        TagTuple,
+        PassList,
+        TagBytes,
+        TagMarkup,
+        TagUUID,
+        TagDateTime,
+    ]
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.tags: t.Dict[str, JSONTag] = {}
+        self.order: t.List[JSONTag] = []
+
+        for cls in self.default_tags:
+            self.register(cls)
+
+    def register(
+        self,
+        tag_class: t.Type[JSONTag],
+        force: bool = False,
+        index: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Register a new tag with this serializer.
+
+        :param tag_class: tag class to register. Will be instantiated with this
+            serializer instance.
+        :param force: overwrite an existing tag. If false (default), a
+            :exc:`KeyError` is raised.
+        :param index: index to insert the new tag in the tag order. Useful when
+            the new tag is a special case of an existing tag. If ``None``
+            (default), the tag is appended to the end of the order.
+
+        :raise KeyError: if the tag key is already registered and ``force`` is
+            not true.
+        """
+        tag = tag_class(self)
+        key = tag.key
+
+        if key is not None:
+            if not force and key in self.tags:
+                raise KeyError(f"Tag '{key}' is already registered.")
+
+            self.tags[key] = tag
+
+        if index is None:
+            self.order.append(tag)
+        else:
+            self.order.insert(index, tag)
+
+    def tag(self, value: t.Any) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """Convert a value to a tagged representation if necessary."""
+        for tag in self.order:
+            if tag.check(value):
+                return tag.tag(value)
+
+        return value
+
+    def untag(self, value: t.Dict[str, t.Any]) -> t.Any:
+        """Convert a tagged representation back to the original type."""
+        if len(value) != 1:
+            return value
+
+        key = next(iter(value))
+
+        if key not in self.tags:
+            return value
+
+        return self.tags[key].to_python(value[key])
+
+    def dumps(self, value: t.Any) -> str:
+        """Tag the value and dump it to a compact JSON string."""
+        return dumps(self.tag(value), separators=(",", ":"))
+
+    def loads(self, value: str) -> t.Any:
+        """Load data from a JSON string and deserialized any tagged objects."""
+        return loads(value, object_hook=self.untag)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/logging.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/logging.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48a5b7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/logging.py
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import logging
+import sys
+import typing as t
+
+from werkzeug.local import LocalProxy
+
+from .globals import request
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .app import Flask
+
+
+@LocalProxy
+def wsgi_errors_stream() -> t.TextIO:
+    """Find the most appropriate error stream for the application. If a request
+    is active, log to ``wsgi.errors``, otherwise use ``sys.stderr``.
+
+    If you configure your own :class:`logging.StreamHandler`, you may want to
+    use this for the stream. If you are using file or dict configuration and
+    can't import this directly, you can refer to it as
+    ``ext://flask.logging.wsgi_errors_stream``.
+    """
+    return request.environ["wsgi.errors"] if request else sys.stderr
+
+
+def has_level_handler(logger: logging.Logger) -> bool:
+    """Check if there is a handler in the logging chain that will handle the
+    given logger's :meth:`effective level <~logging.Logger.getEffectiveLevel>`.
+    """
+    level = logger.getEffectiveLevel()
+    current = logger
+
+    while current:
+        if any(handler.level <= level for handler in current.handlers):
+            return True
+
+        if not current.propagate:
+            break
+
+        current = current.parent  # type: ignore
+
+    return False
+
+
+#: Log messages to :func:`~flask.logging.wsgi_errors_stream` with the format
+#: ``[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s in %(module)s: %(message)s``.
+default_handler = logging.StreamHandler(wsgi_errors_stream)  # type: ignore
+default_handler.setFormatter(
+    logging.Formatter("[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s in %(module)s: %(message)s")
+)
+
+
+def create_logger(app: "Flask") -> logging.Logger:
+    """Get the Flask app's logger and configure it if needed.
+
+    The logger name will be the same as
+    :attr:`app.import_name <flask.Flask.name>`.
+
+    When :attr:`~flask.Flask.debug` is enabled, set the logger level to
+    :data:`logging.DEBUG` if it is not set.
+
+    If there is no handler for the logger's effective level, add a
+    :class:`~logging.StreamHandler` for
+    :func:`~flask.logging.wsgi_errors_stream` with a basic format.
+    """
+    logger = logging.getLogger(app.name)
+
+    if app.debug and not logger.level:
+        logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+
+    if not has_level_handler(logger):
+        logger.addHandler(default_handler)
+
+    return logger
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/py.typed b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/scaffold.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/scaffold.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07ca5c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/scaffold.py
@@ -0,0 +1,875 @@
+import importlib.util
+import os
+import pkgutil
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from collections import defaultdict
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from json import JSONDecoder
+from json import JSONEncoder
+
+from jinja2 import FileSystemLoader
+from werkzeug.exceptions import default_exceptions
+from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
+
+from .cli import AppGroup
+from .globals import current_app
+from .helpers import get_root_path
+from .helpers import locked_cached_property
+from .helpers import send_from_directory
+from .templating import _default_template_ctx_processor
+from .typing import AfterRequestCallable
+from .typing import AppOrBlueprintKey
+from .typing import BeforeRequestCallable
+from .typing import GenericException
+from .typing import TeardownCallable
+from .typing import TemplateContextProcessorCallable
+from .typing import URLDefaultCallable
+from .typing import URLValuePreprocessorCallable
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .wrappers import Response
+    from .typing import ErrorHandlerCallable
+
+# a singleton sentinel value for parameter defaults
+_sentinel = object()
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+
+
+def setupmethod(f: F) -> F:
+    """Wraps a method so that it performs a check in debug mode if the
+    first request was already handled.
+    """
+
+    def wrapper_func(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        if self._is_setup_finished():
+            raise AssertionError(
+                "A setup function was called after the first request "
+                "was handled. This usually indicates a bug in the"
+                " application where a module was not imported and"
+                " decorators or other functionality was called too"
+                " late.\nTo fix this make sure to import all your view"
+                " modules, database models, and everything related at a"
+                " central place before the application starts serving"
+                " requests."
+            )
+        return f(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    return t.cast(F, update_wrapper(wrapper_func, f))
+
+
+class Scaffold:
+    """Common behavior shared between :class:`~flask.Flask` and
+    :class:`~flask.blueprints.Blueprint`.
+
+    :param import_name: The import name of the module where this object
+        is defined. Usually :attr:`__name__` should be used.
+    :param static_folder: Path to a folder of static files to serve.
+        If this is set, a static route will be added.
+    :param static_url_path: URL prefix for the static route.
+    :param template_folder: Path to a folder containing template files.
+        for rendering. If this is set, a Jinja loader will be added.
+    :param root_path: The path that static, template, and resource files
+        are relative to. Typically not set, it is discovered based on
+        the ``import_name``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+
+    name: str
+    _static_folder: t.Optional[str] = None
+    _static_url_path: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+    #: JSON encoder class used by :func:`flask.json.dumps`. If a
+    #: blueprint sets this, it will be used instead of the app's value.
+    json_encoder: t.Optional[t.Type[JSONEncoder]] = None
+
+    #: JSON decoder class used by :func:`flask.json.loads`. If a
+    #: blueprint sets this, it will be used instead of the app's value.
+    json_decoder: t.Optional[t.Type[JSONDecoder]] = None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        import_name: str,
+        static_folder: t.Optional[t.Union[str, os.PathLike]] = None,
+        static_url_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        template_folder: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        root_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ):
+        #: The name of the package or module that this object belongs
+        #: to. Do not change this once it is set by the constructor.
+        self.import_name = import_name
+
+        self.static_folder = static_folder  # type: ignore
+        self.static_url_path = static_url_path
+
+        #: The path to the templates folder, relative to
+        #: :attr:`root_path`, to add to the template loader. ``None`` if
+        #: templates should not be added.
+        self.template_folder = template_folder
+
+        if root_path is None:
+            root_path = get_root_path(self.import_name)
+
+        #: Absolute path to the package on the filesystem. Used to look
+        #: up resources contained in the package.
+        self.root_path = root_path
+
+        #: The Click command group for registering CLI commands for this
+        #: object. The commands are available from the ``flask`` command
+        #: once the application has been discovered and blueprints have
+        #: been registered.
+        self.cli = AppGroup()
+
+        #: A dictionary mapping endpoint names to view functions.
+        #:
+        #: To register a view function, use the :meth:`route` decorator.
+        #:
+        #: This data structure is internal. It should not be modified
+        #: directly and its format may change at any time.
+        self.view_functions: t.Dict[str, t.Callable] = {}
+
+        #: A data structure of registered error handlers, in the format
+        #: ``{scope: {code: {class: handler}}}```. The ``scope`` key is
+        #: the name of a blueprint the handlers are active for, or
+        #: ``None`` for all requests. The ``code`` key is the HTTP
+        #: status code for ``HTTPException``, or ``None`` for
+        #: other exceptions. The innermost dictionary maps exception
+        #: classes to handler functions.
+        #:
+        #: To register an error handler, use the :meth:`errorhandler`
+        #: decorator.
+        #:
+        #: This data structure is internal. It should not be modified
+        #: directly and its format may change at any time.
+        self.error_handler_spec: t.Dict[
+            AppOrBlueprintKey,
+            t.Dict[
+                t.Optional[int],
+                t.Dict[t.Type[Exception], "ErrorHandlerCallable[Exception]"],
+            ],
+        ] = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(dict))
+
+        #: A data structure of functions to call at the beginning of
+        #: each request, in the format ``{scope: [functions]}``. The
+        #: ``scope`` key is the name of a blueprint the functions are
+        #: active for, or ``None`` for all requests.
+        #:
+        #: To register a function, use the :meth:`before_request`
+        #: decorator.
+        #:
+        #: This data structure is internal. It should not be modified
+        #: directly and its format may change at any time.
+        self.before_request_funcs: t.Dict[
+            AppOrBlueprintKey, t.List[BeforeRequestCallable]
+        ] = defaultdict(list)
+
+        #: A data structure of functions to call at the end of each
+        #: request, in the format ``{scope: [functions]}``. The
+        #: ``scope`` key is the name of a blueprint the functions are
+        #: active for, or ``None`` for all requests.
+        #:
+        #: To register a function, use the :meth:`after_request`
+        #: decorator.
+        #:
+        #: This data structure is internal. It should not be modified
+        #: directly and its format may change at any time.
+        self.after_request_funcs: t.Dict[
+            AppOrBlueprintKey, t.List[AfterRequestCallable]
+        ] = defaultdict(list)
+
+        #: A data structure of functions to call at the end of each
+        #: request even if an exception is raised, in the format
+        #: ``{scope: [functions]}``. The ``scope`` key is the name of a
+        #: blueprint the functions are active for, or ``None`` for all
+        #: requests.
+        #:
+        #: To register a function, use the :meth:`teardown_request`
+        #: decorator.
+        #:
+        #: This data structure is internal. It should not be modified
+        #: directly and its format may change at any time.
+        self.teardown_request_funcs: t.Dict[
+            AppOrBlueprintKey, t.List[TeardownCallable]
+        ] = defaultdict(list)
+
+        #: A data structure of functions to call to pass extra context
+        #: values when rendering templates, in the format
+        #: ``{scope: [functions]}``. The ``scope`` key is the name of a
+        #: blueprint the functions are active for, or ``None`` for all
+        #: requests.
+        #:
+        #: To register a function, use the :meth:`context_processor`
+        #: decorator.
+        #:
+        #: This data structure is internal. It should not be modified
+        #: directly and its format may change at any time.
+        self.template_context_processors: t.Dict[
+            AppOrBlueprintKey, t.List[TemplateContextProcessorCallable]
+        ] = defaultdict(list, {None: [_default_template_ctx_processor]})
+
+        #: A data structure of functions to call to modify the keyword
+        #: arguments passed to the view function, in the format
+        #: ``{scope: [functions]}``. The ``scope`` key is the name of a
+        #: blueprint the functions are active for, or ``None`` for all
+        #: requests.
+        #:
+        #: To register a function, use the
+        #: :meth:`url_value_preprocessor` decorator.
+        #:
+        #: This data structure is internal. It should not be modified
+        #: directly and its format may change at any time.
+        self.url_value_preprocessors: t.Dict[
+            AppOrBlueprintKey,
+            t.List[URLValuePreprocessorCallable],
+        ] = defaultdict(list)
+
+        #: A data structure of functions to call to modify the keyword
+        #: arguments when generating URLs, in the format
+        #: ``{scope: [functions]}``. The ``scope`` key is the name of a
+        #: blueprint the functions are active for, or ``None`` for all
+        #: requests.
+        #:
+        #: To register a function, use the :meth:`url_defaults`
+        #: decorator.
+        #:
+        #: This data structure is internal. It should not be modified
+        #: directly and its format may change at any time.
+        self.url_default_functions: t.Dict[
+            AppOrBlueprintKey, t.List[URLDefaultCallable]
+        ] = defaultdict(list)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self.name!r}>"
+
+    def _is_setup_finished(self) -> bool:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @property
+    def static_folder(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The absolute path to the configured static folder. ``None``
+        if no static folder is set.
+        """
+        if self._static_folder is not None:
+            return os.path.join(self.root_path, self._static_folder)
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    @static_folder.setter
+    def static_folder(self, value: t.Optional[t.Union[str, os.PathLike]]) -> None:
+        if value is not None:
+            value = os.fspath(value).rstrip(r"\/")
+
+        self._static_folder = value
+
+    @property
+    def has_static_folder(self) -> bool:
+        """``True`` if :attr:`static_folder` is set.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.5
+        """
+        return self.static_folder is not None
+
+    @property
+    def static_url_path(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The URL prefix that the static route will be accessible from.
+
+        If it was not configured during init, it is derived from
+        :attr:`static_folder`.
+        """
+        if self._static_url_path is not None:
+            return self._static_url_path
+
+        if self.static_folder is not None:
+            basename = os.path.basename(self.static_folder)
+            return f"/{basename}".rstrip("/")
+
+        return None
+
+    @static_url_path.setter
+    def static_url_path(self, value: t.Optional[str]) -> None:
+        if value is not None:
+            value = value.rstrip("/")
+
+        self._static_url_path = value
+
+    def get_send_file_max_age(self, filename: t.Optional[str]) -> t.Optional[int]:
+        """Used by :func:`send_file` to determine the ``max_age`` cache
+        value for a given file path if it wasn't passed.
+
+        By default, this returns :data:`SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT` from
+        the configuration of :data:`~flask.current_app`. This defaults
+        to ``None``, which tells the browser to use conditional requests
+        instead of a timed cache, which is usually preferable.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The default configuration is ``None`` instead of 12 hours.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        """
+        value = current_app.send_file_max_age_default
+
+        if value is None:
+            return None
+
+        return int(value.total_seconds())
+
+    def send_static_file(self, filename: str) -> "Response":
+        """The view function used to serve files from
+        :attr:`static_folder`. A route is automatically registered for
+        this view at :attr:`static_url_path` if :attr:`static_folder` is
+        set.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.5
+        """
+        if not self.has_static_folder:
+            raise RuntimeError("'static_folder' must be set to serve static_files.")
+
+        # send_file only knows to call get_send_file_max_age on the app,
+        # call it here so it works for blueprints too.
+        max_age = self.get_send_file_max_age(filename)
+        return send_from_directory(
+            t.cast(str, self.static_folder), filename, max_age=max_age
+        )
+
+    @locked_cached_property
+    def jinja_loader(self) -> t.Optional[FileSystemLoader]:
+        """The Jinja loader for this object's templates. By default this
+        is a class :class:`jinja2.loaders.FileSystemLoader` to
+        :attr:`template_folder` if it is set.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.5
+        """
+        if self.template_folder is not None:
+            return FileSystemLoader(os.path.join(self.root_path, self.template_folder))
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def open_resource(self, resource: str, mode: str = "rb") -> t.IO[t.AnyStr]:
+        """Open a resource file relative to :attr:`root_path` for
+        reading.
+
+        For example, if the file ``schema.sql`` is next to the file
+        ``app.py`` where the ``Flask`` app is defined, it can be opened
+        with:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            with app.open_resource("schema.sql") as f:
+                conn.executescript(f.read())
+
+        :param resource: Path to the resource relative to
+            :attr:`root_path`.
+        :param mode: Open the file in this mode. Only reading is
+            supported, valid values are "r" (or "rt") and "rb".
+        """
+        if mode not in {"r", "rt", "rb"}:
+            raise ValueError("Resources can only be opened for reading.")
+
+        return open(os.path.join(self.root_path, resource), mode)
+
+    def _method_route(self, method: str, rule: str, options: dict) -> t.Callable:
+        if "methods" in options:
+            raise TypeError("Use the 'route' decorator to use the 'methods' argument.")
+
+        return self.route(rule, methods=[method], **options)
+
+    def get(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable:
+        """Shortcut for :meth:`route` with ``methods=["GET"]``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        """
+        return self._method_route("GET", rule, options)
+
+    def post(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable:
+        """Shortcut for :meth:`route` with ``methods=["POST"]``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        """
+        return self._method_route("POST", rule, options)
+
+    def put(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable:
+        """Shortcut for :meth:`route` with ``methods=["PUT"]``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        """
+        return self._method_route("PUT", rule, options)
+
+    def delete(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable:
+        """Shortcut for :meth:`route` with ``methods=["DELETE"]``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        """
+        return self._method_route("DELETE", rule, options)
+
+    def patch(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable:
+        """Shortcut for :meth:`route` with ``methods=["PATCH"]``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        """
+        return self._method_route("PATCH", rule, options)
+
+    def route(self, rule: str, **options: t.Any) -> t.Callable:
+        """Decorate a view function to register it with the given URL
+        rule and options. Calls :meth:`add_url_rule`, which has more
+        details about the implementation.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            @app.route("/")
+            def index():
+                return "Hello, World!"
+
+        See :ref:`url-route-registrations`.
+
+        The endpoint name for the route defaults to the name of the view
+        function if the ``endpoint`` parameter isn't passed.
+
+        The ``methods`` parameter defaults to ``["GET"]``. ``HEAD`` and
+        ``OPTIONS`` are added automatically.
+
+        :param rule: The URL rule string.
+        :param options: Extra options passed to the
+            :class:`~werkzeug.routing.Rule` object.
+        """
+
+        def decorator(f: t.Callable) -> t.Callable:
+            endpoint = options.pop("endpoint", None)
+            self.add_url_rule(rule, endpoint, f, **options)
+            return f
+
+        return decorator
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def add_url_rule(
+        self,
+        rule: str,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        view_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
+        provide_automatic_options: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        **options: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Register a rule for routing incoming requests and building
+        URLs. The :meth:`route` decorator is a shortcut to call this
+        with the ``view_func`` argument. These are equivalent:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            @app.route("/")
+            def index():
+                ...
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            def index():
+                ...
+
+            app.add_url_rule("/", view_func=index)
+
+        See :ref:`url-route-registrations`.
+
+        The endpoint name for the route defaults to the name of the view
+        function if the ``endpoint`` parameter isn't passed. An error
+        will be raised if a function has already been registered for the
+        endpoint.
+
+        The ``methods`` parameter defaults to ``["GET"]``. ``HEAD`` is
+        always added automatically, and ``OPTIONS`` is added
+        automatically by default.
+
+        ``view_func`` does not necessarily need to be passed, but if the
+        rule should participate in routing an endpoint name must be
+        associated with a view function at some point with the
+        :meth:`endpoint` decorator.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            app.add_url_rule("/", endpoint="index")
+
+            @app.endpoint("index")
+            def index():
+                ...
+
+        If ``view_func`` has a ``required_methods`` attribute, those
+        methods are added to the passed and automatic methods. If it
+        has a ``provide_automatic_methods`` attribute, it is used as the
+        default if the parameter is not passed.
+
+        :param rule: The URL rule string.
+        :param endpoint: The endpoint name to associate with the rule
+            and view function. Used when routing and building URLs.
+            Defaults to ``view_func.__name__``.
+        :param view_func: The view function to associate with the
+            endpoint name.
+        :param provide_automatic_options: Add the ``OPTIONS`` method and
+            respond to ``OPTIONS`` requests automatically.
+        :param options: Extra options passed to the
+            :class:`~werkzeug.routing.Rule` object.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def endpoint(self, endpoint: str) -> t.Callable:
+        """Decorate a view function to register it for the given
+        endpoint. Used if a rule is added without a ``view_func`` with
+        :meth:`add_url_rule`.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            app.add_url_rule("/ex", endpoint="example")
+
+            @app.endpoint("example")
+            def example():
+                ...
+
+        :param endpoint: The endpoint name to associate with the view
+            function.
+        """
+
+        def decorator(f):
+            self.view_functions[endpoint] = f
+            return f
+
+        return decorator
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def before_request(self, f: BeforeRequestCallable) -> BeforeRequestCallable:
+        """Register a function to run before each request.
+
+        For example, this can be used to open a database connection, or
+        to load the logged in user from the session.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            @app.before_request
+            def load_user():
+                if "user_id" in session:
+                    g.user = db.session.get(session["user_id"])
+
+        The function will be called without any arguments. If it returns
+        a non-``None`` value, the value is handled as if it was the
+        return value from the view, and further request handling is
+        stopped.
+        """
+        self.before_request_funcs.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+        return f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def after_request(self, f: AfterRequestCallable) -> AfterRequestCallable:
+        """Register a function to run after each request to this object.
+
+        The function is called with the response object, and must return
+        a response object. This allows the functions to modify or
+        replace the response before it is sent.
+
+        If a function raises an exception, any remaining
+        ``after_request`` functions will not be called. Therefore, this
+        should not be used for actions that must execute, such as to
+        close resources. Use :meth:`teardown_request` for that.
+        """
+        self.after_request_funcs.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+        return f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def teardown_request(self, f: TeardownCallable) -> TeardownCallable:
+        """Register a function to be run at the end of each request,
+        regardless of whether there was an exception or not.  These functions
+        are executed when the request context is popped, even if not an
+        actual request was performed.
+
+        Example::
+
+            ctx = app.test_request_context()
+            ctx.push()
+            ...
+            ctx.pop()
+
+        When ``ctx.pop()`` is executed in the above example, the teardown
+        functions are called just before the request context moves from the
+        stack of active contexts.  This becomes relevant if you are using
+        such constructs in tests.
+
+        Teardown functions must avoid raising exceptions, since they . If they
+        execute code that might fail they
+        will have to surround the execution of these code by try/except
+        statements and log occurring errors.
+
+        When a teardown function was called because of an exception it will
+        be passed an error object.
+
+        The return values of teardown functions are ignored.
+
+        .. admonition:: Debug Note
+
+           In debug mode Flask will not tear down a request on an exception
+           immediately.  Instead it will keep it alive so that the interactive
+           debugger can still access it.  This behavior can be controlled
+           by the ``PRESERVE_CONTEXT_ON_EXCEPTION`` configuration variable.
+        """
+        self.teardown_request_funcs.setdefault(None, []).append(f)
+        return f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def context_processor(
+        self, f: TemplateContextProcessorCallable
+    ) -> TemplateContextProcessorCallable:
+        """Registers a template context processor function."""
+        self.template_context_processors[None].append(f)
+        return f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def url_value_preprocessor(
+        self, f: URLValuePreprocessorCallable
+    ) -> URLValuePreprocessorCallable:
+        """Register a URL value preprocessor function for all view
+        functions in the application. These functions will be called before the
+        :meth:`before_request` functions.
+
+        The function can modify the values captured from the matched url before
+        they are passed to the view. For example, this can be used to pop a
+        common language code value and place it in ``g`` rather than pass it to
+        every view.
+
+        The function is passed the endpoint name and values dict. The return
+        value is ignored.
+        """
+        self.url_value_preprocessors[None].append(f)
+        return f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def url_defaults(self, f: URLDefaultCallable) -> URLDefaultCallable:
+        """Callback function for URL defaults for all view functions of the
+        application.  It's called with the endpoint and values and should
+        update the values passed in place.
+        """
+        self.url_default_functions[None].append(f)
+        return f
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def errorhandler(
+        self, code_or_exception: t.Union[t.Type[GenericException], int]
+    ) -> t.Callable[
+        ["ErrorHandlerCallable[GenericException]"],
+        "ErrorHandlerCallable[GenericException]",
+    ]:
+        """Register a function to handle errors by code or exception class.
+
+        A decorator that is used to register a function given an
+        error code.  Example::
+
+            @app.errorhandler(404)
+            def page_not_found(error):
+                return 'This page does not exist', 404
+
+        You can also register handlers for arbitrary exceptions::
+
+            @app.errorhandler(DatabaseError)
+            def special_exception_handler(error):
+                return 'Database connection failed', 500
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+            Use :meth:`register_error_handler` instead of modifying
+            :attr:`error_handler_spec` directly, for application wide error
+            handlers.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+           One can now additionally also register custom exception types
+           that do not necessarily have to be a subclass of the
+           :class:`~werkzeug.exceptions.HTTPException` class.
+
+        :param code_or_exception: the code as integer for the handler, or
+                                  an arbitrary exception
+        """
+
+        def decorator(
+            f: "ErrorHandlerCallable[GenericException]",
+        ) -> "ErrorHandlerCallable[GenericException]":
+            self.register_error_handler(code_or_exception, f)
+            return f
+
+        return decorator
+
+    @setupmethod
+    def register_error_handler(
+        self,
+        code_or_exception: t.Union[t.Type[GenericException], int],
+        f: "ErrorHandlerCallable[GenericException]",
+    ) -> None:
+        """Alternative error attach function to the :meth:`errorhandler`
+        decorator that is more straightforward to use for non decorator
+        usage.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        if isinstance(code_or_exception, HTTPException):  # old broken behavior
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Tried to register a handler for an exception instance"
+                f" {code_or_exception!r}. Handlers can only be"
+                " registered for exception classes or HTTP error codes."
+            )
+
+        try:
+            exc_class, code = self._get_exc_class_and_code(code_or_exception)
+        except KeyError:
+            raise KeyError(
+                f"'{code_or_exception}' is not a recognized HTTP error"
+                " code. Use a subclass of HTTPException with that code"
+                " instead."
+            ) from None
+
+        self.error_handler_spec[None][code][exc_class] = t.cast(
+            "ErrorHandlerCallable[Exception]", f
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_exc_class_and_code(
+        exc_class_or_code: t.Union[t.Type[Exception], int]
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Type[Exception], t.Optional[int]]:
+        """Get the exception class being handled. For HTTP status codes
+        or ``HTTPException`` subclasses, return both the exception and
+        status code.
+
+        :param exc_class_or_code: Any exception class, or an HTTP status
+            code as an integer.
+        """
+        exc_class: t.Type[Exception]
+        if isinstance(exc_class_or_code, int):
+            exc_class = default_exceptions[exc_class_or_code]
+        else:
+            exc_class = exc_class_or_code
+
+        assert issubclass(
+            exc_class, Exception
+        ), "Custom exceptions must be subclasses of Exception."
+
+        if issubclass(exc_class, HTTPException):
+            return exc_class, exc_class.code
+        else:
+            return exc_class, None
+
+
+def _endpoint_from_view_func(view_func: t.Callable) -> str:
+    """Internal helper that returns the default endpoint for a given
+    function.  This always is the function name.
+    """
+    assert view_func is not None, "expected view func if endpoint is not provided."
+    return view_func.__name__
+
+
+def _matching_loader_thinks_module_is_package(loader, mod_name):
+    """Attempt to figure out if the given name is a package or a module.
+
+    :param: loader: The loader that handled the name.
+    :param mod_name: The name of the package or module.
+    """
+    # Use loader.is_package if it's available.
+    if hasattr(loader, "is_package"):
+        return loader.is_package(mod_name)
+
+    cls = type(loader)
+
+    # NamespaceLoader doesn't implement is_package, but all names it
+    # loads must be packages.
+    if cls.__module__ == "_frozen_importlib" and cls.__name__ == "NamespaceLoader":
+        return True
+
+    # Otherwise we need to fail with an error that explains what went
+    # wrong.
+    raise AttributeError(
+        f"'{cls.__name__}.is_package()' must be implemented for PEP 302"
+        f" import hooks."
+    )
+
+
+def _find_package_path(root_mod_name):
+    """Find the path that contains the package or module."""
+    try:
+        spec = importlib.util.find_spec(root_mod_name)
+
+        if spec is None:
+            raise ValueError("not found")
+    # ImportError: the machinery told us it does not exist
+    # ValueError:
+    #    - the module name was invalid
+    #    - the module name is __main__
+    #    - *we* raised `ValueError` due to `spec` being `None`
+    except (ImportError, ValueError):
+        pass  # handled below
+    else:
+        # namespace package
+        if spec.origin in {"namespace", None}:
+            return os.path.dirname(next(iter(spec.submodule_search_locations)))
+        # a package (with __init__.py)
+        elif spec.submodule_search_locations:
+            return os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(spec.origin))
+        # just a normal module
+        else:
+            return os.path.dirname(spec.origin)
+
+    # we were unable to find the `package_path` using PEP 451 loaders
+    loader = pkgutil.get_loader(root_mod_name)
+
+    if loader is None or root_mod_name == "__main__":
+        # import name is not found, or interactive/main module
+        return os.getcwd()
+
+    if hasattr(loader, "get_filename"):
+        filename = loader.get_filename(root_mod_name)
+    elif hasattr(loader, "archive"):
+        # zipimporter's loader.archive points to the .egg or .zip file.
+        filename = loader.archive
+    else:
+        # At least one loader is missing both get_filename and archive:
+        # Google App Engine's HardenedModulesHook, use __file__.
+        filename = importlib.import_module(root_mod_name).__file__
+
+    package_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(filename))
+
+    # If the imported name is a package, filename is currently pointing
+    # to the root of the package, need to get the current directory.
+    if _matching_loader_thinks_module_is_package(loader, root_mod_name):
+        package_path = os.path.dirname(package_path)
+
+    return package_path
+
+
+def find_package(import_name: str):
+    """Find the prefix that a package is installed under, and the path
+    that it would be imported from.
+
+    The prefix is the directory containing the standard directory
+    hierarchy (lib, bin, etc.). If the package is not installed to the
+    system (:attr:`sys.prefix`) or a virtualenv (``site-packages``),
+    ``None`` is returned.
+
+    The path is the entry in :attr:`sys.path` that contains the package
+    for import. If the package is not installed, it's assumed that the
+    package was imported from the current working directory.
+    """
+    root_mod_name, _, _ = import_name.partition(".")
+    package_path = _find_package_path(root_mod_name)
+    py_prefix = os.path.abspath(sys.prefix)
+
+    # installed to the system
+    if package_path.startswith(py_prefix):
+        return py_prefix, package_path
+
+    site_parent, site_folder = os.path.split(package_path)
+
+    # installed to a virtualenv
+    if site_folder.lower() == "site-packages":
+        parent, folder = os.path.split(site_parent)
+
+        # Windows (prefix/lib/site-packages)
+        if folder.lower() == "lib":
+            return parent, package_path
+
+        # Unix (prefix/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages)
+        if os.path.basename(parent).lower() == "lib":
+            return os.path.dirname(parent), package_path
+
+        # something else (prefix/site-packages)
+        return site_parent, package_path
+
+    # not installed
+    return None, package_path
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/sessions.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/sessions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34b1d0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/sessions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
+import hashlib
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from collections.abc import MutableMapping
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from itsdangerous import BadSignature
+from itsdangerous import URLSafeTimedSerializer
+from werkzeug.datastructures import CallbackDict
+
+from .helpers import is_ip
+from .json.tag import TaggedJSONSerializer
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .app import Flask
+    from .wrappers import Request, Response
+
+
+class SessionMixin(MutableMapping):
+    """Expands a basic dictionary with session attributes."""
+
+    @property
+    def permanent(self) -> bool:
+        """This reflects the ``'_permanent'`` key in the dict."""
+        return self.get("_permanent", False)
+
+    @permanent.setter
+    def permanent(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self["_permanent"] = bool(value)
+
+    #: Some implementations can detect whether a session is newly
+    #: created, but that is not guaranteed. Use with caution. The mixin
+    # default is hard-coded ``False``.
+    new = False
+
+    #: Some implementations can detect changes to the session and set
+    #: this when that happens. The mixin default is hard coded to
+    #: ``True``.
+    modified = True
+
+    #: Some implementations can detect when session data is read or
+    #: written and set this when that happens. The mixin default is hard
+    #: coded to ``True``.
+    accessed = True
+
+
+class SecureCookieSession(CallbackDict, SessionMixin):
+    """Base class for sessions based on signed cookies.
+
+    This session backend will set the :attr:`modified` and
+    :attr:`accessed` attributes. It cannot reliably track whether a
+    session is new (vs. empty), so :attr:`new` remains hard coded to
+    ``False``.
+    """
+
+    #: When data is changed, this is set to ``True``. Only the session
+    #: dictionary itself is tracked; if the session contains mutable
+    #: data (for example a nested dict) then this must be set to
+    #: ``True`` manually when modifying that data. The session cookie
+    #: will only be written to the response if this is ``True``.
+    modified = False
+
+    #: When data is read or written, this is set to ``True``. Used by
+    # :class:`.SecureCookieSessionInterface` to add a ``Vary: Cookie``
+    #: header, which allows caching proxies to cache different pages for
+    #: different users.
+    accessed = False
+
+    def __init__(self, initial: t.Any = None) -> None:
+        def on_update(self) -> None:
+            self.modified = True
+            self.accessed = True
+
+        super().__init__(initial, on_update)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> t.Any:
+        self.accessed = True
+        return super().__getitem__(key)
+
+    def get(self, key: str, default: t.Any = None) -> t.Any:
+        self.accessed = True
+        return super().get(key, default)
+
+    def setdefault(self, key: str, default: t.Any = None) -> t.Any:
+        self.accessed = True
+        return super().setdefault(key, default)
+
+
+class NullSession(SecureCookieSession):
+    """Class used to generate nicer error messages if sessions are not
+    available.  Will still allow read-only access to the empty session
+    but fail on setting.
+    """
+
+    def _fail(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "The session is unavailable because no secret "
+            "key was set.  Set the secret_key on the "
+            "application to something unique and secret."
+        )
+
+    __setitem__ = __delitem__ = clear = pop = popitem = update = setdefault = _fail  # type: ignore # noqa: B950
+    del _fail
+
+
+class SessionInterface:
+    """The basic interface you have to implement in order to replace the
+    default session interface which uses werkzeug's securecookie
+    implementation.  The only methods you have to implement are
+    :meth:`open_session` and :meth:`save_session`, the others have
+    useful defaults which you don't need to change.
+
+    The session object returned by the :meth:`open_session` method has to
+    provide a dictionary like interface plus the properties and methods
+    from the :class:`SessionMixin`.  We recommend just subclassing a dict
+    and adding that mixin::
+
+        class Session(dict, SessionMixin):
+            pass
+
+    If :meth:`open_session` returns ``None`` Flask will call into
+    :meth:`make_null_session` to create a session that acts as replacement
+    if the session support cannot work because some requirement is not
+    fulfilled.  The default :class:`NullSession` class that is created
+    will complain that the secret key was not set.
+
+    To replace the session interface on an application all you have to do
+    is to assign :attr:`flask.Flask.session_interface`::
+
+        app = Flask(__name__)
+        app.session_interface = MySessionInterface()
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.8
+    """
+
+    #: :meth:`make_null_session` will look here for the class that should
+    #: be created when a null session is requested.  Likewise the
+    #: :meth:`is_null_session` method will perform a typecheck against
+    #: this type.
+    null_session_class = NullSession
+
+    #: A flag that indicates if the session interface is pickle based.
+    #: This can be used by Flask extensions to make a decision in regards
+    #: to how to deal with the session object.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.10
+    pickle_based = False
+
+    def make_null_session(self, app: "Flask") -> NullSession:
+        """Creates a null session which acts as a replacement object if the
+        real session support could not be loaded due to a configuration
+        error.  This mainly aids the user experience because the job of the
+        null session is to still support lookup without complaining but
+        modifications are answered with a helpful error message of what
+        failed.
+
+        This creates an instance of :attr:`null_session_class` by default.
+        """
+        return self.null_session_class()
+
+    def is_null_session(self, obj: object) -> bool:
+        """Checks if a given object is a null session.  Null sessions are
+        not asked to be saved.
+
+        This checks if the object is an instance of :attr:`null_session_class`
+        by default.
+        """
+        return isinstance(obj, self.null_session_class)
+
+    def get_cookie_name(self, app: "Flask") -> str:
+        """Returns the name of the session cookie.
+
+        Uses ``app.session_cookie_name`` which is set to ``SESSION_COOKIE_NAME``
+        """
+        return app.session_cookie_name
+
+    def get_cookie_domain(self, app: "Flask") -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """Returns the domain that should be set for the session cookie.
+
+        Uses ``SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN`` if it is configured, otherwise
+        falls back to detecting the domain based on ``SERVER_NAME``.
+
+        Once detected (or if not set at all), ``SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN`` is
+        updated to avoid re-running the logic.
+        """
+
+        rv = app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN"]
+
+        # set explicitly, or cached from SERVER_NAME detection
+        # if False, return None
+        if rv is not None:
+            return rv if rv else None
+
+        rv = app.config["SERVER_NAME"]
+
+        # server name not set, cache False to return none next time
+        if not rv:
+            app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN"] = False
+            return None
+
+        # chop off the port which is usually not supported by browsers
+        # remove any leading '.' since we'll add that later
+        rv = rv.rsplit(":", 1)[0].lstrip(".")
+
+        if "." not in rv:
+            # Chrome doesn't allow names without a '.'. This should only
+            # come up with localhost. Hack around this by not setting
+            # the name, and show a warning.
+            warnings.warn(
+                f"{rv!r} is not a valid cookie domain, it must contain"
+                " a '.'. Add an entry to your hosts file, for example"
+                f" '{rv}.localdomain', and use that instead."
+            )
+            app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN"] = False
+            return None
+
+        ip = is_ip(rv)
+
+        if ip:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "The session cookie domain is an IP address. This may not work"
+                " as intended in some browsers. Add an entry to your hosts"
+                ' file, for example "localhost.localdomain", and use that'
+                " instead."
+            )
+
+        # if this is not an ip and app is mounted at the root, allow subdomain
+        # matching by adding a '.' prefix
+        if self.get_cookie_path(app) == "/" and not ip:
+            rv = f".{rv}"
+
+        app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN"] = rv
+        return rv
+
+    def get_cookie_path(self, app: "Flask") -> str:
+        """Returns the path for which the cookie should be valid.  The
+        default implementation uses the value from the ``SESSION_COOKIE_PATH``
+        config var if it's set, and falls back to ``APPLICATION_ROOT`` or
+        uses ``/`` if it's ``None``.
+        """
+        return app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_PATH"] or app.config["APPLICATION_ROOT"]
+
+    def get_cookie_httponly(self, app: "Flask") -> bool:
+        """Returns True if the session cookie should be httponly.  This
+        currently just returns the value of the ``SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY``
+        config var.
+        """
+        return app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY"]
+
+    def get_cookie_secure(self, app: "Flask") -> bool:
+        """Returns True if the cookie should be secure.  This currently
+        just returns the value of the ``SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE`` setting.
+        """
+        return app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE"]
+
+    def get_cookie_samesite(self, app: "Flask") -> str:
+        """Return ``'Strict'`` or ``'Lax'`` if the cookie should use the
+        ``SameSite`` attribute. This currently just returns the value of
+        the :data:`SESSION_COOKIE_SAMESITE` setting.
+        """
+        return app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_SAMESITE"]
+
+    def get_expiration_time(
+        self, app: "Flask", session: SessionMixin
+    ) -> t.Optional[datetime]:
+        """A helper method that returns an expiration date for the session
+        or ``None`` if the session is linked to the browser session.  The
+        default implementation returns now + the permanent session
+        lifetime configured on the application.
+        """
+        if session.permanent:
+            return datetime.utcnow() + app.permanent_session_lifetime
+        return None
+
+    def should_set_cookie(self, app: "Flask", session: SessionMixin) -> bool:
+        """Used by session backends to determine if a ``Set-Cookie`` header
+        should be set for this session cookie for this response. If the session
+        has been modified, the cookie is set. If the session is permanent and
+        the ``SESSION_REFRESH_EACH_REQUEST`` config is true, the cookie is
+        always set.
+
+        This check is usually skipped if the session was deleted.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.11
+        """
+
+        return session.modified or (
+            session.permanent and app.config["SESSION_REFRESH_EACH_REQUEST"]
+        )
+
+    def open_session(
+        self, app: "Flask", request: "Request"
+    ) -> t.Optional[SessionMixin]:
+        """This method has to be implemented and must either return ``None``
+        in case the loading failed because of a configuration error or an
+        instance of a session object which implements a dictionary like
+        interface + the methods and attributes on :class:`SessionMixin`.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def save_session(
+        self, app: "Flask", session: SessionMixin, response: "Response"
+    ) -> None:
+        """This is called for actual sessions returned by :meth:`open_session`
+        at the end of the request.  This is still called during a request
+        context so if you absolutely need access to the request you can do
+        that.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+session_json_serializer = TaggedJSONSerializer()
+
+
+class SecureCookieSessionInterface(SessionInterface):
+    """The default session interface that stores sessions in signed cookies
+    through the :mod:`itsdangerous` module.
+    """
+
+    #: the salt that should be applied on top of the secret key for the
+    #: signing of cookie based sessions.
+    salt = "cookie-session"
+    #: the hash function to use for the signature.  The default is sha1
+    digest_method = staticmethod(hashlib.sha1)
+    #: the name of the itsdangerous supported key derivation.  The default
+    #: is hmac.
+    key_derivation = "hmac"
+    #: A python serializer for the payload.  The default is a compact
+    #: JSON derived serializer with support for some extra Python types
+    #: such as datetime objects or tuples.
+    serializer = session_json_serializer
+    session_class = SecureCookieSession
+
+    def get_signing_serializer(
+        self, app: "Flask"
+    ) -> t.Optional[URLSafeTimedSerializer]:
+        if not app.secret_key:
+            return None
+        signer_kwargs = dict(
+            key_derivation=self.key_derivation, digest_method=self.digest_method
+        )
+        return URLSafeTimedSerializer(
+            app.secret_key,
+            salt=self.salt,
+            serializer=self.serializer,
+            signer_kwargs=signer_kwargs,
+        )
+
+    def open_session(
+        self, app: "Flask", request: "Request"
+    ) -> t.Optional[SecureCookieSession]:
+        s = self.get_signing_serializer(app)
+        if s is None:
+            return None
+        val = request.cookies.get(self.get_cookie_name(app))
+        if not val:
+            return self.session_class()
+        max_age = int(app.permanent_session_lifetime.total_seconds())
+        try:
+            data = s.loads(val, max_age=max_age)
+            return self.session_class(data)
+        except BadSignature:
+            return self.session_class()
+
+    def save_session(
+        self, app: "Flask", session: SessionMixin, response: "Response"
+    ) -> None:
+        name = self.get_cookie_name(app)
+        domain = self.get_cookie_domain(app)
+        path = self.get_cookie_path(app)
+        secure = self.get_cookie_secure(app)
+        samesite = self.get_cookie_samesite(app)
+
+        # If the session is modified to be empty, remove the cookie.
+        # If the session is empty, return without setting the cookie.
+        if not session:
+            if session.modified:
+                response.delete_cookie(
+                    name, domain=domain, path=path, secure=secure, samesite=samesite
+                )
+
+            return
+
+        # Add a "Vary: Cookie" header if the session was accessed at all.
+        if session.accessed:
+            response.vary.add("Cookie")
+
+        if not self.should_set_cookie(app, session):
+            return
+
+        httponly = self.get_cookie_httponly(app)
+        expires = self.get_expiration_time(app, session)
+        val = self.get_signing_serializer(app).dumps(dict(session))  # type: ignore
+        response.set_cookie(
+            name,
+            val,  # type: ignore
+            expires=expires,
+            httponly=httponly,
+            domain=domain,
+            path=path,
+            secure=secure,
+            samesite=samesite,
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/signals.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/signals.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c6d646
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/signals.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import typing as t
+
+try:
+    from blinker import Namespace
+
+    signals_available = True
+except ImportError:
+    signals_available = False
+
+    class Namespace:  # type: ignore
+        def signal(self, name: str, doc: t.Optional[str] = None) -> "_FakeSignal":
+            return _FakeSignal(name, doc)
+
+    class _FakeSignal:
+        """If blinker is unavailable, create a fake class with the same
+        interface that allows sending of signals but will fail with an
+        error on anything else.  Instead of doing anything on send, it
+        will just ignore the arguments and do nothing instead.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self, name: str, doc: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+            self.name = name
+            self.__doc__ = doc
+
+        def send(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+            pass
+
+        def _fail(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Signalling support is unavailable because the blinker"
+                " library is not installed."
+            ) from None
+
+        connect = connect_via = connected_to = temporarily_connected_to = _fail
+        disconnect = _fail
+        has_receivers_for = receivers_for = _fail
+        del _fail
+
+
+# The namespace for code signals.  If you are not Flask code, do
+# not put signals in here.  Create your own namespace instead.
+_signals = Namespace()
+
+
+# Core signals.  For usage examples grep the source code or consult
+# the API documentation in docs/api.rst as well as docs/signals.rst
+template_rendered = _signals.signal("template-rendered")
+before_render_template = _signals.signal("before-render-template")
+request_started = _signals.signal("request-started")
+request_finished = _signals.signal("request-finished")
+request_tearing_down = _signals.signal("request-tearing-down")
+got_request_exception = _signals.signal("got-request-exception")
+appcontext_tearing_down = _signals.signal("appcontext-tearing-down")
+appcontext_pushed = _signals.signal("appcontext-pushed")
+appcontext_popped = _signals.signal("appcontext-popped")
+message_flashed = _signals.signal("message-flashed")
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/templating.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/templating.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb3e7fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/templating.py
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+import typing as t
+
+from jinja2 import BaseLoader
+from jinja2 import Environment as BaseEnvironment
+from jinja2 import Template
+from jinja2 import TemplateNotFound
+
+from .globals import _app_ctx_stack
+from .globals import _request_ctx_stack
+from .signals import before_render_template
+from .signals import template_rendered
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .app import Flask
+    from .scaffold import Scaffold
+
+
+def _default_template_ctx_processor() -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+    """Default template context processor.  Injects `request`,
+    `session` and `g`.
+    """
+    reqctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+    appctx = _app_ctx_stack.top
+    rv = {}
+    if appctx is not None:
+        rv["g"] = appctx.g
+    if reqctx is not None:
+        rv["request"] = reqctx.request
+        rv["session"] = reqctx.session
+    return rv
+
+
+class Environment(BaseEnvironment):
+    """Works like a regular Jinja2 environment but has some additional
+    knowledge of how Flask's blueprint works so that it can prepend the
+    name of the blueprint to referenced templates if necessary.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, app: "Flask", **options: t.Any) -> None:
+        if "loader" not in options:
+            options["loader"] = app.create_global_jinja_loader()
+        BaseEnvironment.__init__(self, **options)
+        self.app = app
+
+
+class DispatchingJinjaLoader(BaseLoader):
+    """A loader that looks for templates in the application and all
+    the blueprint folders.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, app: "Flask") -> None:
+        self.app = app
+
+    def get_source(  # type: ignore
+        self, environment: Environment, template: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str], t.Optional[t.Callable]]:
+        if self.app.config["EXPLAIN_TEMPLATE_LOADING"]:
+            return self._get_source_explained(environment, template)
+        return self._get_source_fast(environment, template)
+
+    def _get_source_explained(
+        self, environment: Environment, template: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str], t.Optional[t.Callable]]:
+        attempts = []
+        rv: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str], t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]]]]
+        trv: t.Optional[
+            t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str], t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]]]
+        ] = None
+
+        for srcobj, loader in self._iter_loaders(template):
+            try:
+                rv = loader.get_source(environment, template)
+                if trv is None:
+                    trv = rv
+            except TemplateNotFound:
+                rv = None
+            attempts.append((loader, srcobj, rv))
+
+        from .debughelpers import explain_template_loading_attempts
+
+        explain_template_loading_attempts(self.app, template, attempts)
+
+        if trv is not None:
+            return trv
+        raise TemplateNotFound(template)
+
+    def _get_source_fast(
+        self, environment: Environment, template: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str], t.Optional[t.Callable]]:
+        for _srcobj, loader in self._iter_loaders(template):
+            try:
+                return loader.get_source(environment, template)
+            except TemplateNotFound:
+                continue
+        raise TemplateNotFound(template)
+
+    def _iter_loaders(
+        self, template: str
+    ) -> t.Generator[t.Tuple["Scaffold", BaseLoader], None, None]:
+        loader = self.app.jinja_loader
+        if loader is not None:
+            yield self.app, loader
+
+        for blueprint in self.app.iter_blueprints():
+            loader = blueprint.jinja_loader
+            if loader is not None:
+                yield blueprint, loader
+
+    def list_templates(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        result = set()
+        loader = self.app.jinja_loader
+        if loader is not None:
+            result.update(loader.list_templates())
+
+        for blueprint in self.app.iter_blueprints():
+            loader = blueprint.jinja_loader
+            if loader is not None:
+                for template in loader.list_templates():
+                    result.add(template)
+
+        return list(result)
+
+
+def _render(template: Template, context: dict, app: "Flask") -> str:
+    """Renders the template and fires the signal"""
+
+    before_render_template.send(app, template=template, context=context)
+    rv = template.render(context)
+    template_rendered.send(app, template=template, context=context)
+    return rv
+
+
+def render_template(
+    template_name_or_list: t.Union[str, t.List[str]], **context: t.Any
+) -> str:
+    """Renders a template from the template folder with the given
+    context.
+
+    :param template_name_or_list: the name of the template to be
+                                  rendered, or an iterable with template names
+                                  the first one existing will be rendered
+    :param context: the variables that should be available in the
+                    context of the template.
+    """
+    ctx = _app_ctx_stack.top
+    ctx.app.update_template_context(context)
+    return _render(
+        ctx.app.jinja_env.get_or_select_template(template_name_or_list),
+        context,
+        ctx.app,
+    )
+
+
+def render_template_string(source: str, **context: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Renders a template from the given template source string
+    with the given context. Template variables will be autoescaped.
+
+    :param source: the source code of the template to be
+                   rendered
+    :param context: the variables that should be available in the
+                    context of the template.
+    """
+    ctx = _app_ctx_stack.top
+    ctx.app.update_template_context(context)
+    return _render(ctx.app.jinja_env.from_string(source), context, ctx.app)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/testing.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/testing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe3b846
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/testing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+import typing as t
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from copy import copy
+from types import TracebackType
+
+import werkzeug.test
+from click.testing import CliRunner
+from werkzeug.test import Client
+from werkzeug.urls import url_parse
+from werkzeug.wrappers import Request as BaseRequest
+
+from . import _request_ctx_stack
+from .cli import ScriptInfo
+from .json import dumps as json_dumps
+from .sessions import SessionMixin
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .app import Flask
+    from .wrappers import Response
+
+
+class EnvironBuilder(werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder):
+    """An :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`, that takes defaults from the
+    application.
+
+    :param app: The Flask application to configure the environment from.
+    :param path: URL path being requested.
+    :param base_url: Base URL where the app is being served, which
+        ``path`` is relative to. If not given, built from
+        :data:`PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME`, ``subdomain``,
+        :data:`SERVER_NAME`, and :data:`APPLICATION_ROOT`.
+    :param subdomain: Subdomain name to append to :data:`SERVER_NAME`.
+    :param url_scheme: Scheme to use instead of
+        :data:`PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME`.
+    :param json: If given, this is serialized as JSON and passed as
+        ``data``. Also defaults ``content_type`` to
+        ``application/json``.
+    :param args: other positional arguments passed to
+        :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`.
+    :param kwargs: other keyword arguments passed to
+        :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: "Flask",
+        path: str = "/",
+        base_url: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        subdomain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        url_scheme: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        *args: t.Any,
+        **kwargs: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        assert not (base_url or subdomain or url_scheme) or (
+            base_url is not None
+        ) != bool(
+            subdomain or url_scheme
+        ), 'Cannot pass "subdomain" or "url_scheme" with "base_url".'
+
+        if base_url is None:
+            http_host = app.config.get("SERVER_NAME") or "localhost"
+            app_root = app.config["APPLICATION_ROOT"]
+
+            if subdomain:
+                http_host = f"{subdomain}.{http_host}"
+
+            if url_scheme is None:
+                url_scheme = app.config["PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME"]
+
+            url = url_parse(path)
+            base_url = (
+                f"{url.scheme or url_scheme}://{url.netloc or http_host}"
+                f"/{app_root.lstrip('/')}"
+            )
+            path = url.path
+
+            if url.query:
+                sep = b"?" if isinstance(url.query, bytes) else "?"
+                path += sep + url.query
+
+        self.app = app
+        super().__init__(path, base_url, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def json_dumps(self, obj: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> str:  # type: ignore
+        """Serialize ``obj`` to a JSON-formatted string.
+
+        The serialization will be configured according to the config associated
+        with this EnvironBuilder's ``app``.
+        """
+        kwargs.setdefault("app", self.app)
+        return json_dumps(obj, **kwargs)
+
+
+class FlaskClient(Client):
+    """Works like a regular Werkzeug test client but has some knowledge about
+    how Flask works to defer the cleanup of the request context stack to the
+    end of a ``with`` body when used in a ``with`` statement.  For general
+    information about how to use this class refer to
+    :class:`werkzeug.test.Client`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.12
+       `app.test_client()` includes preset default environment, which can be
+       set after instantiation of the `app.test_client()` object in
+       `client.environ_base`.
+
+    Basic usage is outlined in the :doc:`/testing` chapter.
+    """
+
+    application: "Flask"
+    preserve_context = False
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.environ_base = {
+            "REMOTE_ADDR": "127.0.0.1",
+            "HTTP_USER_AGENT": f"werkzeug/{werkzeug.__version__}",
+        }
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def session_transaction(
+        self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> t.Generator[SessionMixin, None, None]:
+        """When used in combination with a ``with`` statement this opens a
+        session transaction.  This can be used to modify the session that
+        the test client uses.  Once the ``with`` block is left the session is
+        stored back.
+
+        ::
+
+            with client.session_transaction() as session:
+                session['value'] = 42
+
+        Internally this is implemented by going through a temporary test
+        request context and since session handling could depend on
+        request variables this function accepts the same arguments as
+        :meth:`~flask.Flask.test_request_context` which are directly
+        passed through.
+        """
+        if self.cookie_jar is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Session transactions only make sense with cookies enabled."
+            )
+        app = self.application
+        environ_overrides = kwargs.setdefault("environ_overrides", {})
+        self.cookie_jar.inject_wsgi(environ_overrides)
+        outer_reqctx = _request_ctx_stack.top
+        with app.test_request_context(*args, **kwargs) as c:
+            session_interface = app.session_interface
+            sess = session_interface.open_session(app, c.request)
+            if sess is None:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "Session backend did not open a session. Check the configuration"
+                )
+
+            # Since we have to open a new request context for the session
+            # handling we want to make sure that we hide out own context
+            # from the caller.  By pushing the original request context
+            # (or None) on top of this and popping it we get exactly that
+            # behavior.  It's important to not use the push and pop
+            # methods of the actual request context object since that would
+            # mean that cleanup handlers are called
+            _request_ctx_stack.push(outer_reqctx)
+            try:
+                yield sess
+            finally:
+                _request_ctx_stack.pop()
+
+            resp = app.response_class()
+            if not session_interface.is_null_session(sess):
+                session_interface.save_session(app, sess, resp)
+            headers = resp.get_wsgi_headers(c.request.environ)
+            self.cookie_jar.extract_wsgi(c.request.environ, headers)
+
+    def open(  # type: ignore
+        self,
+        *args: t.Any,
+        as_tuple: bool = False,
+        buffered: bool = False,
+        follow_redirects: bool = False,
+        **kwargs: t.Any,
+    ) -> "Response":
+        # Same logic as super.open, but apply environ_base and preserve_context.
+        request = None
+
+        def copy_environ(other):
+            return {
+                **self.environ_base,
+                **other,
+                "flask._preserve_context": self.preserve_context,
+            }
+
+        if not kwargs and len(args) == 1:
+            arg = args[0]
+
+            if isinstance(arg, werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder):
+                builder = copy(arg)
+                builder.environ_base = copy_environ(builder.environ_base or {})
+                request = builder.get_request()
+            elif isinstance(arg, dict):
+                request = EnvironBuilder.from_environ(
+                    arg, app=self.application, environ_base=copy_environ({})
+                ).get_request()
+            elif isinstance(arg, BaseRequest):
+                request = copy(arg)
+                request.environ = copy_environ(request.environ)
+
+        if request is None:
+            kwargs["environ_base"] = copy_environ(kwargs.get("environ_base", {}))
+            builder = EnvironBuilder(self.application, *args, **kwargs)
+
+            try:
+                request = builder.get_request()
+            finally:
+                builder.close()
+
+        return super().open(  # type: ignore
+            request,
+            as_tuple=as_tuple,
+            buffered=buffered,
+            follow_redirects=follow_redirects,
+        )
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "FlaskClient":
+        if self.preserve_context:
+            raise RuntimeError("Cannot nest client invocations")
+        self.preserve_context = True
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self, exc_type: type, exc_value: BaseException, tb: TracebackType
+    ) -> None:
+        self.preserve_context = False
+
+        # Normally the request context is preserved until the next
+        # request in the same thread comes. When the client exits we
+        # want to clean up earlier. Pop request contexts until the stack
+        # is empty or a non-preserved one is found.
+        while True:
+            top = _request_ctx_stack.top
+
+            if top is not None and top.preserved:
+                top.pop()
+            else:
+                break
+
+
+class FlaskCliRunner(CliRunner):
+    """A :class:`~click.testing.CliRunner` for testing a Flask app's
+    CLI commands. Typically created using
+    :meth:`~flask.Flask.test_cli_runner`. See :ref:`testing-cli`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, app: "Flask", **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    def invoke(  # type: ignore
+        self, cli: t.Any = None, args: t.Any = None, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        """Invokes a CLI command in an isolated environment. See
+        :meth:`CliRunner.invoke <click.testing.CliRunner.invoke>` for
+        full method documentation. See :ref:`testing-cli` for examples.
+
+        If the ``obj`` argument is not given, passes an instance of
+        :class:`~flask.cli.ScriptInfo` that knows how to load the Flask
+        app being tested.
+
+        :param cli: Command object to invoke. Default is the app's
+            :attr:`~flask.app.Flask.cli` group.
+        :param args: List of strings to invoke the command with.
+
+        :return: a :class:`~click.testing.Result` object.
+        """
+        if cli is None:
+            cli = self.app.cli
+
+        if "obj" not in kwargs:
+            kwargs["obj"] = ScriptInfo(create_app=lambda: self.app)
+
+        return super().invoke(cli, args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/typing.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/typing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1c8467
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/typing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import typing as t
+
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication  # noqa: F401
+    from werkzeug.datastructures import Headers  # noqa: F401
+    from .wrappers import Response  # noqa: F401
+
+# The possible types that are directly convertible or are a Response object.
+ResponseValue = t.Union[
+    "Response",
+    t.AnyStr,
+    t.Dict[str, t.Any],  # any jsonify-able dict
+    t.Generator[t.AnyStr, None, None],
+]
+StatusCode = int
+
+# the possible types for an individual HTTP header
+HeaderName = str
+HeaderValue = t.Union[str, t.List[str], t.Tuple[str, ...]]
+
+# the possible types for HTTP headers
+HeadersValue = t.Union[
+    "Headers", t.Dict[HeaderName, HeaderValue], t.List[t.Tuple[HeaderName, HeaderValue]]
+]
+
+# The possible types returned by a route function.
+ResponseReturnValue = t.Union[
+    ResponseValue,
+    t.Tuple[ResponseValue, HeadersValue],
+    t.Tuple[ResponseValue, StatusCode],
+    t.Tuple[ResponseValue, StatusCode, HeadersValue],
+    "WSGIApplication",
+]
+
+GenericException = t.TypeVar("GenericException", bound=Exception, contravariant=True)
+
+AppOrBlueprintKey = t.Optional[str]  # The App key is None, whereas blueprints are named
+AfterRequestCallable = t.Callable[["Response"], "Response"]
+BeforeFirstRequestCallable = t.Callable[[], None]
+BeforeRequestCallable = t.Callable[[], t.Optional[ResponseReturnValue]]
+TeardownCallable = t.Callable[[t.Optional[BaseException]], None]
+TemplateContextProcessorCallable = t.Callable[[], t.Dict[str, t.Any]]
+TemplateFilterCallable = t.Callable[..., t.Any]
+TemplateGlobalCallable = t.Callable[..., t.Any]
+TemplateTestCallable = t.Callable[..., bool]
+URLDefaultCallable = t.Callable[[str, dict], None]
+URLValuePreprocessorCallable = t.Callable[[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[dict]], None]
+
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+
+    class ErrorHandlerCallable(te.Protocol[GenericException]):
+        def __call__(self, error: GenericException) -> ResponseReturnValue:
+            ...
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/views.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/views.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1bd5c68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/views.py
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+import typing as t
+
+from .globals import current_app
+from .globals import request
+from .typing import ResponseReturnValue
+
+
+http_method_funcs = frozenset(
+    ["get", "post", "head", "options", "delete", "put", "trace", "patch"]
+)
+
+
+class View:
+    """Alternative way to use view functions.  A subclass has to implement
+    :meth:`dispatch_request` which is called with the view arguments from
+    the URL routing system.  If :attr:`methods` is provided the methods
+    do not have to be passed to the :meth:`~flask.Flask.add_url_rule`
+    method explicitly::
+
+        class MyView(View):
+            methods = ['GET']
+
+            def dispatch_request(self, name):
+                return f"Hello {name}!"
+
+        app.add_url_rule('/hello/<name>', view_func=MyView.as_view('myview'))
+
+    When you want to decorate a pluggable view you will have to either do that
+    when the view function is created (by wrapping the return value of
+    :meth:`as_view`) or you can use the :attr:`decorators` attribute::
+
+        class SecretView(View):
+            methods = ['GET']
+            decorators = [superuser_required]
+
+            def dispatch_request(self):
+                ...
+
+    The decorators stored in the decorators list are applied one after another
+    when the view function is created.  Note that you can *not* use the class
+    based decorators since those would decorate the view class and not the
+    generated view function!
+    """
+
+    #: A list of methods this view can handle.
+    methods: t.Optional[t.List[str]] = None
+
+    #: Setting this disables or force-enables the automatic options handling.
+    provide_automatic_options: t.Optional[bool] = None
+
+    #: The canonical way to decorate class-based views is to decorate the
+    #: return value of as_view().  However since this moves parts of the
+    #: logic from the class declaration to the place where it's hooked
+    #: into the routing system.
+    #:
+    #: You can place one or more decorators in this list and whenever the
+    #: view function is created the result is automatically decorated.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.8
+    decorators: t.List[t.Callable] = []
+
+    def dispatch_request(self) -> ResponseReturnValue:
+        """Subclasses have to override this method to implement the
+        actual view function code.  This method is called with all
+        the arguments from the URL rule.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def as_view(
+        cls, name: str, *class_args: t.Any, **class_kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> t.Callable:
+        """Converts the class into an actual view function that can be used
+        with the routing system.  Internally this generates a function on the
+        fly which will instantiate the :class:`View` on each request and call
+        the :meth:`dispatch_request` method on it.
+
+        The arguments passed to :meth:`as_view` are forwarded to the
+        constructor of the class.
+        """
+
+        def view(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> ResponseReturnValue:
+            self = view.view_class(*class_args, **class_kwargs)  # type: ignore
+            return current_app.ensure_sync(self.dispatch_request)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        if cls.decorators:
+            view.__name__ = name
+            view.__module__ = cls.__module__
+            for decorator in cls.decorators:
+                view = decorator(view)
+
+        # We attach the view class to the view function for two reasons:
+        # first of all it allows us to easily figure out what class-based
+        # view this thing came from, secondly it's also used for instantiating
+        # the view class so you can actually replace it with something else
+        # for testing purposes and debugging.
+        view.view_class = cls  # type: ignore
+        view.__name__ = name
+        view.__doc__ = cls.__doc__
+        view.__module__ = cls.__module__
+        view.methods = cls.methods  # type: ignore
+        view.provide_automatic_options = cls.provide_automatic_options  # type: ignore
+        return view
+
+
+class MethodViewType(type):
+    """Metaclass for :class:`MethodView` that determines what methods the view
+    defines.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(cls, name, bases, d):
+        super().__init__(name, bases, d)
+
+        if "methods" not in d:
+            methods = set()
+
+            for base in bases:
+                if getattr(base, "methods", None):
+                    methods.update(base.methods)
+
+            for key in http_method_funcs:
+                if hasattr(cls, key):
+                    methods.add(key.upper())
+
+            # If we have no method at all in there we don't want to add a
+            # method list. This is for instance the case for the base class
+            # or another subclass of a base method view that does not introduce
+            # new methods.
+            if methods:
+                cls.methods = methods
+
+
+class MethodView(View, metaclass=MethodViewType):
+    """A class-based view that dispatches request methods to the corresponding
+    class methods. For example, if you implement a ``get`` method, it will be
+    used to handle ``GET`` requests. ::
+
+        class CounterAPI(MethodView):
+            def get(self):
+                return session.get('counter', 0)
+
+            def post(self):
+                session['counter'] = session.get('counter', 0) + 1
+                return 'OK'
+
+        app.add_url_rule('/counter', view_func=CounterAPI.as_view('counter'))
+    """
+
+    def dispatch_request(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> ResponseReturnValue:
+        meth = getattr(self, request.method.lower(), None)
+
+        # If the request method is HEAD and we don't have a handler for it
+        # retry with GET.
+        if meth is None and request.method == "HEAD":
+            meth = getattr(self, "get", None)
+
+        assert meth is not None, f"Unimplemented method {request.method!r}"
+        return current_app.ensure_sync(meth)(*args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/wrappers.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/wrappers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47dbe5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/wrappers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+import typing as t
+
+from werkzeug.exceptions import BadRequest
+from werkzeug.wrappers import Request as RequestBase
+from werkzeug.wrappers import Response as ResponseBase
+
+from . import json
+from .globals import current_app
+from .helpers import _split_blueprint_path
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from werkzeug.routing import Rule
+
+
+class Request(RequestBase):
+    """The request object used by default in Flask.  Remembers the
+    matched endpoint and view arguments.
+
+    It is what ends up as :class:`~flask.request`.  If you want to replace
+    the request object used you can subclass this and set
+    :attr:`~flask.Flask.request_class` to your subclass.
+
+    The request object is a :class:`~werkzeug.wrappers.Request` subclass and
+    provides all of the attributes Werkzeug defines plus a few Flask
+    specific ones.
+    """
+
+    json_module = json
+
+    #: The internal URL rule that matched the request.  This can be
+    #: useful to inspect which methods are allowed for the URL from
+    #: a before/after handler (``request.url_rule.methods``) etc.
+    #: Though if the request's method was invalid for the URL rule,
+    #: the valid list is available in ``routing_exception.valid_methods``
+    #: instead (an attribute of the Werkzeug exception
+    #: :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.MethodNotAllowed`)
+    #: because the request was never internally bound.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.6
+    url_rule: t.Optional["Rule"] = None
+
+    #: A dict of view arguments that matched the request.  If an exception
+    #: happened when matching, this will be ``None``.
+    view_args: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None
+
+    #: If matching the URL failed, this is the exception that will be
+    #: raised / was raised as part of the request handling.  This is
+    #: usually a :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.NotFound` exception or
+    #: something similar.
+    routing_exception: t.Optional[Exception] = None
+
+    @property
+    def max_content_length(self) -> t.Optional[int]:  # type: ignore
+        """Read-only view of the ``MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH`` config key."""
+        if current_app:
+            return current_app.config["MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH"]
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    @property
+    def endpoint(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The endpoint that matched the request URL.
+
+        This will be ``None`` if matching failed or has not been
+        performed yet.
+
+        This in combination with :attr:`view_args` can be used to
+        reconstruct the same URL or a modified URL.
+        """
+        if self.url_rule is not None:
+            return self.url_rule.endpoint
+
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def blueprint(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The registered name of the current blueprint.
+
+        This will be ``None`` if the endpoint is not part of a
+        blueprint, or if URL matching failed or has not been performed
+        yet.
+
+        This does not necessarily match the name the blueprint was
+        created with. It may have been nested, or registered with a
+        different name.
+        """
+        endpoint = self.endpoint
+
+        if endpoint is not None and "." in endpoint:
+            return endpoint.rpartition(".")[0]
+
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def blueprints(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        """The registered names of the current blueprint upwards through
+        parent blueprints.
+
+        This will be an empty list if there is no current blueprint, or
+        if URL matching failed.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0.1
+        """
+        name = self.blueprint
+
+        if name is None:
+            return []
+
+        return _split_blueprint_path(name)
+
+    def _load_form_data(self) -> None:
+        RequestBase._load_form_data(self)
+
+        # In debug mode we're replacing the files multidict with an ad-hoc
+        # subclass that raises a different error for key errors.
+        if (
+            current_app
+            and current_app.debug
+            and self.mimetype != "multipart/form-data"
+            and not self.files
+        ):
+            from .debughelpers import attach_enctype_error_multidict
+
+            attach_enctype_error_multidict(self)
+
+    def on_json_loading_failed(self, e: Exception) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        if current_app and current_app.debug:
+            raise BadRequest(f"Failed to decode JSON object: {e}")
+
+        raise BadRequest()
+
+
+class Response(ResponseBase):
+    """The response object that is used by default in Flask.  Works like the
+    response object from Werkzeug but is set to have an HTML mimetype by
+    default.  Quite often you don't have to create this object yourself because
+    :meth:`~flask.Flask.make_response` will take care of that for you.
+
+    If you want to replace the response object used you can subclass this and
+    set :attr:`~flask.Flask.response_class` to your subclass.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+        JSON support is added to the response, like the request. This is useful
+        when testing to get the test client response data as JSON.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+
+        Added :attr:`max_cookie_size`.
+    """
+
+    default_mimetype = "text/html"
+
+    json_module = json
+
+    @property
+    def max_cookie_size(self) -> int:  # type: ignore
+        """Read-only view of the :data:`MAX_COOKIE_SIZE` config key.
+
+        See :attr:`~werkzeug.wrappers.Response.max_cookie_size` in
+        Werkzeug's docs.
+        """
+        if current_app:
+            return current_app.config["MAX_COOKIE_SIZE"]
+
+        # return Werkzeug's default when not in an app context
+        return super().max_cookie_size
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/LICENSE b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be7e092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Copyright 2017-2019 Jason R. Coombs, Barry Warsaw
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..55b4b4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: importlib-metadata
+Version: 4.8.1
+Summary: Read metadata from Python packages
+Home-page: https://github.com/python/importlib_metadata
+Author: Jason R. Coombs
+Author-email: jaraco@jaraco.com
+License: UNKNOWN
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: zipp (>=0.5)
+Requires-Dist: typing-extensions (>=3.6.4) ; python_version < "3.8"
+Provides-Extra: docs
+Requires-Dist: sphinx ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: jaraco.packaging (>=8.2) ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: rst.linker (>=1.9) ; extra == 'docs'
+Provides-Extra: perf
+Requires-Dist: ipython ; extra == 'perf'
+Provides-Extra: testing
+Requires-Dist: pytest (>=4.6) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-checkdocs (>=2.4) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-flake8 ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-cov ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-enabler (>=1.0.1) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: packaging ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pep517 ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pyfakefs ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: flufl.flake8 ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-perf (>=0.9.2) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-black (>=0.3.7) ; (platform_python_implementation != "PyPy") and extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-mypy ; (platform_python_implementation != "PyPy") and extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: importlib-resources (>=1.3) ; (python_version < "3.9") and extra == 'testing'
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/importlib_metadata.svg
+   :target: `PyPI link`_
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/importlib_metadata.svg
+   :target: `PyPI link`_
+
+.. _PyPI link: https://pypi.org/project/importlib_metadata
+
+.. image:: https://github.com/python/importlib_metadata/workflows/tests/badge.svg
+   :target: https://github.com/python/importlib_metadata/actions?query=workflow%3A%22tests%22
+   :alt: tests
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg
+   :target: https://github.com/psf/black
+   :alt: Code style: Black
+
+.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/importlib-metadata/badge/?version=latest
+   :target: https://importlib-metadata.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/skeleton-2021-informational
+   :target: https://blog.jaraco.com/skeleton
+
+
+Library to access the metadata for a Python package.
+
+This package supplies third-party access to the functionality of
+`importlib.metadata <https://docs.python.org/3/library/importlib.metadata.html>`_
+including improvements added to subsequent Python versions.
+
+
+Compatibility
+=============
+
+New features are introduced in this third-party library and later merged
+into CPython. The following table indicates which versions of this library
+were contributed to different versions in the standard library:
+
+.. list-table::
+   :header-rows: 1
+
+   * - importlib_metadata
+     - stdlib
+   * - 4.4
+     - 3.10
+   * - 1.4
+     - 3.8
+
+
+Usage
+=====
+
+See the `online documentation <https://importlib_metadata.readthedocs.io/>`_
+for usage details.
+
+`Finder authors
+<https://docs.python.org/3/reference/import.html#finders-and-loaders>`_ can
+also add support for custom package installers.  See the above documentation
+for details.
+
+
+Caveats
+=======
+
+This project primarily supports third-party packages installed by PyPA
+tools (or other conforming packages). It does not support:
+
+- Packages in the stdlib.
+- Packages installed without metadata.
+
+Project details
+===============
+
+ * Project home: https://github.com/python/importlib_metadata
+ * Report bugs at: https://github.com/python/importlib_metadata/issues
+ * Code hosting: https://github.com/python/importlib_metadata
+ * Documentation: https://importlib_metadata.readthedocs.io/
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f94e8e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=wNe6dAchmJ1VvVB8D9oTc-gHHadCuaSBAev36sYEM6U,571
+importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=qZXU-EGVcLa6rToNwuyQrBg6dro6R95IJcBjZMEUuAU,4010
+importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/RECORD,,
+importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ewwEueio1C2XeHTvT17n8dZUJgOvyCWCt0WVNLClP9o,92
+importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=CO3fD9yylANiXkrMo4qHLV_mqXL2sC5JFKgt1yWAT-A,19
+importlib_metadata/__init__.py,sha256=JVBp3NVUZiVTr_77r3-DzZ75IbbwrgC_U_we1YnkH0I,30645
+importlib_metadata/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+importlib_metadata/__pycache__/_adapters.cpython-37.pyc,,
+importlib_metadata/__pycache__/_collections.cpython-37.pyc,,
+importlib_metadata/__pycache__/_compat.cpython-37.pyc,,
+importlib_metadata/__pycache__/_functools.cpython-37.pyc,,
+importlib_metadata/__pycache__/_itertools.cpython-37.pyc,,
+importlib_metadata/__pycache__/_meta.cpython-37.pyc,,
+importlib_metadata/__pycache__/_text.cpython-37.pyc,,
+importlib_metadata/_adapters.py,sha256=B6fCi5-8mLVDFUZj3krI5nAo-mKp1dH_qIavyIyFrJs,1862
+importlib_metadata/_collections.py,sha256=CJ0OTCHIjWA0ZIVS4voORAsn2R4R2cQBEtPsZEJpASY,743
+importlib_metadata/_compat.py,sha256=SeOvR9KY0ljhors1ljWdVI_kkP4ym7VMXJGicEoW2BA,2032
+importlib_metadata/_functools.py,sha256=mJCTrU4JMrCndpDoqN3zbI6P9tAKU116LopceWedi1c,2501
+importlib_metadata/_itertools.py,sha256=cvr_2v8BRbxcIl5x5ldfqdHjhI8Yi8s8yk50G_nm6jQ,2068
+importlib_metadata/_meta.py,sha256=_F48Hu_jFxkfKWz5wcYS8vO23qEygbVdF9r-6qh-hjE,1154
+importlib_metadata/_text.py,sha256=HCsFksZpJLeTP3NEk_ngrAeXVRRtTrtyh9eOABoRP4A,2166
+importlib_metadata/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bad85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bbb0754
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata-4.8.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+importlib_metadata
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73ca91c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1067 @@
+import os
+import re
+import abc
+import csv
+import sys
+import zipp
+import email
+import pathlib
+import operator
+import textwrap
+import warnings
+import functools
+import itertools
+import posixpath
+import collections
+
+from . import _adapters, _meta
+from ._collections import FreezableDefaultDict, Pair
+from ._compat import (
+    NullFinder,
+    install,
+    pypy_partial,
+)
+from ._functools import method_cache
+from ._itertools import always_iterable, unique_everseen
+from ._meta import PackageMetadata, SimplePath
+
+from contextlib import suppress
+from importlib import import_module
+from importlib.abc import MetaPathFinder
+from itertools import starmap
+from typing import List, Mapping, Optional, Union
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    'Distribution',
+    'DistributionFinder',
+    'PackageMetadata',
+    'PackageNotFoundError',
+    'distribution',
+    'distributions',
+    'entry_points',
+    'files',
+    'metadata',
+    'packages_distributions',
+    'requires',
+    'version',
+]
+
+
+class PackageNotFoundError(ModuleNotFoundError):
+    """The package was not found."""
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"No package metadata was found for {self.name}"
+
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        (name,) = self.args
+        return name
+
+
+class Sectioned:
+    """
+    A simple entry point config parser for performance
+
+    >>> for item in Sectioned.read(Sectioned._sample):
+    ...     print(item)
+    Pair(name='sec1', value='# comments ignored')
+    Pair(name='sec1', value='a = 1')
+    Pair(name='sec1', value='b = 2')
+    Pair(name='sec2', value='a = 2')
+
+    >>> res = Sectioned.section_pairs(Sectioned._sample)
+    >>> item = next(res)
+    >>> item.name
+    'sec1'
+    >>> item.value
+    Pair(name='a', value='1')
+    >>> item = next(res)
+    >>> item.value
+    Pair(name='b', value='2')
+    >>> item = next(res)
+    >>> item.name
+    'sec2'
+    >>> item.value
+    Pair(name='a', value='2')
+    >>> list(res)
+    []
+    """
+
+    _sample = textwrap.dedent(
+        """
+        [sec1]
+        # comments ignored
+        a = 1
+        b = 2
+
+        [sec2]
+        a = 2
+        """
+    ).lstrip()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def section_pairs(cls, text):
+        return (
+            section._replace(value=Pair.parse(section.value))
+            for section in cls.read(text, filter_=cls.valid)
+            if section.name is not None
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def read(text, filter_=None):
+        lines = filter(filter_, map(str.strip, text.splitlines()))
+        name = None
+        for value in lines:
+            section_match = value.startswith('[') and value.endswith(']')
+            if section_match:
+                name = value.strip('[]')
+                continue
+            yield Pair(name, value)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def valid(line):
+        return line and not line.startswith('#')
+
+
+class DeprecatedTuple:
+    """
+    Provide subscript item access for backward compatibility.
+
+    >>> recwarn = getfixture('recwarn')
+    >>> ep = EntryPoint(name='name', value='value', group='group')
+    >>> ep[:]
+    ('name', 'value', 'group')
+    >>> ep[0]
+    'name'
+    >>> len(recwarn)
+    1
+    """
+
+    _warn = functools.partial(
+        warnings.warn,
+        "EntryPoint tuple interface is deprecated. Access members by name.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=pypy_partial(2),
+    )
+
+    def __getitem__(self, item):
+        self._warn()
+        return self._key()[item]
+
+
+class EntryPoint(DeprecatedTuple):
+    """An entry point as defined by Python packaging conventions.
+
+    See `the packaging docs on entry points
+    <https://packaging.python.org/specifications/entry-points/>`_
+    for more information.
+    """
+
+    pattern = re.compile(
+        r'(?P<module>[\w.]+)\s*'
+        r'(:\s*(?P<attr>[\w.]+))?\s*'
+        r'(?P<extras>\[.*\])?\s*$'
+    )
+    """
+    A regular expression describing the syntax for an entry point,
+    which might look like:
+
+        - module
+        - package.module
+        - package.module:attribute
+        - package.module:object.attribute
+        - package.module:attr [extra1, extra2]
+
+    Other combinations are possible as well.
+
+    The expression is lenient about whitespace around the ':',
+    following the attr, and following any extras.
+    """
+
+    dist: Optional['Distribution'] = None
+
+    def __init__(self, name, value, group):
+        vars(self).update(name=name, value=value, group=group)
+
+    def load(self):
+        """Load the entry point from its definition. If only a module
+        is indicated by the value, return that module. Otherwise,
+        return the named object.
+        """
+        match = self.pattern.match(self.value)
+        module = import_module(match.group('module'))
+        attrs = filter(None, (match.group('attr') or '').split('.'))
+        return functools.reduce(getattr, attrs, module)
+
+    @property
+    def module(self):
+        match = self.pattern.match(self.value)
+        return match.group('module')
+
+    @property
+    def attr(self):
+        match = self.pattern.match(self.value)
+        return match.group('attr')
+
+    @property
+    def extras(self):
+        match = self.pattern.match(self.value)
+        return list(re.finditer(r'\w+', match.group('extras') or ''))
+
+    def _for(self, dist):
+        vars(self).update(dist=dist)
+        return self
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """
+        Supply iter so one may construct dicts of EntryPoints by name.
+        """
+        msg = (
+            "Construction of dict of EntryPoints is deprecated in "
+            "favor of EntryPoints."
+        )
+        warnings.warn(msg, DeprecationWarning)
+        return iter((self.name, self))
+
+    def matches(self, **params):
+        attrs = (getattr(self, param) for param in params)
+        return all(map(operator.eq, params.values(), attrs))
+
+    def _key(self):
+        return self.name, self.value, self.group
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return self._key() < other._key()
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self._key() == other._key()
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name, value):
+        raise AttributeError("EntryPoint objects are immutable.")
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return (
+            f'EntryPoint(name={self.name!r}, value={self.value!r}, '
+            f'group={self.group!r})'
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._key())
+
+
+class DeprecatedList(list):
+    """
+    Allow an otherwise immutable object to implement mutability
+    for compatibility.
+
+    >>> recwarn = getfixture('recwarn')
+    >>> dl = DeprecatedList(range(3))
+    >>> dl[0] = 1
+    >>> dl.append(3)
+    >>> del dl[3]
+    >>> dl.reverse()
+    >>> dl.sort()
+    >>> dl.extend([4])
+    >>> dl.pop(-1)
+    4
+    >>> dl.remove(1)
+    >>> dl += [5]
+    >>> dl + [6]
+    [1, 2, 5, 6]
+    >>> dl + (6,)
+    [1, 2, 5, 6]
+    >>> dl.insert(0, 0)
+    >>> dl
+    [0, 1, 2, 5]
+    >>> dl == [0, 1, 2, 5]
+    True
+    >>> dl == (0, 1, 2, 5)
+    True
+    >>> len(recwarn)
+    1
+    """
+
+    _warn = functools.partial(
+        warnings.warn,
+        "EntryPoints list interface is deprecated. Cast to list if needed.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=pypy_partial(2),
+    )
+
+    def __setitem__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().__setitem__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().__delitem__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def append(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().append(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def reverse(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().reverse(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def extend(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().extend(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def pop(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().pop(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def remove(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().remove(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __iadd__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().__iadd__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, tuple):
+            self._warn()
+            other = tuple(other)
+        return self.__class__(tuple(self) + other)
+
+    def insert(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().insert(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def sort(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().sort(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, tuple):
+            self._warn()
+            other = tuple(other)
+
+        return tuple(self).__eq__(other)
+
+
+class EntryPoints(DeprecatedList):
+    """
+    An immutable collection of selectable EntryPoint objects.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name):  # -> EntryPoint:
+        """
+        Get the EntryPoint in self matching name.
+        """
+        if isinstance(name, int):
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Accessing entry points by index is deprecated. "
+                "Cast to tuple if needed.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            return super().__getitem__(name)
+        try:
+            return next(iter(self.select(name=name)))
+        except StopIteration:
+            raise KeyError(name)
+
+    def select(self, **params):
+        """
+        Select entry points from self that match the
+        given parameters (typically group and/or name).
+        """
+        return EntryPoints(ep for ep in self if ep.matches(**params))
+
+    @property
+    def names(self):
+        """
+        Return the set of all names of all entry points.
+        """
+        return {ep.name for ep in self}
+
+    @property
+    def groups(self):
+        """
+        Return the set of all groups of all entry points.
+
+        For coverage while SelectableGroups is present.
+        >>> EntryPoints().groups
+        set()
+        """
+        return {ep.group for ep in self}
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_text_for(cls, text, dist):
+        return cls(ep._for(dist) for ep in cls._from_text(text))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _from_text(text):
+        return (
+            EntryPoint(name=item.value.name, value=item.value.value, group=item.name)
+            for item in Sectioned.section_pairs(text or '')
+        )
+
+
+class Deprecated:
+    """
+    Compatibility add-in for mapping to indicate that
+    mapping behavior is deprecated.
+
+    >>> recwarn = getfixture('recwarn')
+    >>> class DeprecatedDict(Deprecated, dict): pass
+    >>> dd = DeprecatedDict(foo='bar')
+    >>> dd.get('baz', None)
+    >>> dd['foo']
+    'bar'
+    >>> list(dd)
+    ['foo']
+    >>> list(dd.keys())
+    ['foo']
+    >>> 'foo' in dd
+    True
+    >>> list(dd.values())
+    ['bar']
+    >>> len(recwarn)
+    1
+    """
+
+    _warn = functools.partial(
+        warnings.warn,
+        "SelectableGroups dict interface is deprecated. Use select.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=pypy_partial(2),
+    )
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().__getitem__(name)
+
+    def get(self, name, default=None):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().get(name, default)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().__iter__()
+
+    def __contains__(self, *args):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().__contains__(*args)
+
+    def keys(self):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().keys()
+
+    def values(self):
+        self._warn()
+        return super().values()
+
+
+class SelectableGroups(Deprecated, dict):
+    """
+    A backward- and forward-compatible result from
+    entry_points that fully implements the dict interface.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def load(cls, eps):
+        by_group = operator.attrgetter('group')
+        ordered = sorted(eps, key=by_group)
+        grouped = itertools.groupby(ordered, by_group)
+        return cls((group, EntryPoints(eps)) for group, eps in grouped)
+
+    @property
+    def _all(self):
+        """
+        Reconstruct a list of all entrypoints from the groups.
+        """
+        groups = super(Deprecated, self).values()
+        return EntryPoints(itertools.chain.from_iterable(groups))
+
+    @property
+    def groups(self):
+        return self._all.groups
+
+    @property
+    def names(self):
+        """
+        for coverage:
+        >>> SelectableGroups().names
+        set()
+        """
+        return self._all.names
+
+    def select(self, **params):
+        if not params:
+            return self
+        return self._all.select(**params)
+
+
+class PackagePath(pathlib.PurePosixPath):
+    """A reference to a path in a package"""
+
+    def read_text(self, encoding='utf-8'):
+        with self.locate().open(encoding=encoding) as stream:
+            return stream.read()
+
+    def read_binary(self):
+        with self.locate().open('rb') as stream:
+            return stream.read()
+
+    def locate(self):
+        """Return a path-like object for this path"""
+        return self.dist.locate_file(self)
+
+
+class FileHash:
+    def __init__(self, spec):
+        self.mode, _, self.value = spec.partition('=')
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f'<FileHash mode: {self.mode} value: {self.value}>'
+
+
+class Distribution:
+    """A Python distribution package."""
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def read_text(self, filename):
+        """Attempt to load metadata file given by the name.
+
+        :param filename: The name of the file in the distribution info.
+        :return: The text if found, otherwise None.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def locate_file(self, path):
+        """
+        Given a path to a file in this distribution, return a path
+        to it.
+        """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_name(cls, name):
+        """Return the Distribution for the given package name.
+
+        :param name: The name of the distribution package to search for.
+        :return: The Distribution instance (or subclass thereof) for the named
+            package, if found.
+        :raises PackageNotFoundError: When the named package's distribution
+            metadata cannot be found.
+        """
+        for resolver in cls._discover_resolvers():
+            dists = resolver(DistributionFinder.Context(name=name))
+            dist = next(iter(dists), None)
+            if dist is not None:
+                return dist
+        else:
+            raise PackageNotFoundError(name)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def discover(cls, **kwargs):
+        """Return an iterable of Distribution objects for all packages.
+
+        Pass a ``context`` or pass keyword arguments for constructing
+        a context.
+
+        :context: A ``DistributionFinder.Context`` object.
+        :return: Iterable of Distribution objects for all packages.
+        """
+        context = kwargs.pop('context', None)
+        if context and kwargs:
+            raise ValueError("cannot accept context and kwargs")
+        context = context or DistributionFinder.Context(**kwargs)
+        return itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+            resolver(context) for resolver in cls._discover_resolvers()
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def at(path):
+        """Return a Distribution for the indicated metadata path
+
+        :param path: a string or path-like object
+        :return: a concrete Distribution instance for the path
+        """
+        return PathDistribution(pathlib.Path(path))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _discover_resolvers():
+        """Search the meta_path for resolvers."""
+        declared = (
+            getattr(finder, 'find_distributions', None) for finder in sys.meta_path
+        )
+        return filter(None, declared)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _local(cls, root='.'):
+        from pep517 import build, meta
+
+        system = build.compat_system(root)
+        builder = functools.partial(
+            meta.build,
+            source_dir=root,
+            system=system,
+        )
+        return PathDistribution(zipp.Path(meta.build_as_zip(builder)))
+
+    @property
+    def metadata(self) -> _meta.PackageMetadata:
+        """Return the parsed metadata for this Distribution.
+
+        The returned object will have keys that name the various bits of
+        metadata.  See PEP 566 for details.
+        """
+        text = (
+            self.read_text('METADATA')
+            or self.read_text('PKG-INFO')
+            # This last clause is here to support old egg-info files.  Its
+            # effect is to just end up using the PathDistribution's self._path
+            # (which points to the egg-info file) attribute unchanged.
+            or self.read_text('')
+        )
+        return _adapters.Message(email.message_from_string(text))
+
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        """Return the 'Name' metadata for the distribution package."""
+        return self.metadata['Name']
+
+    @property
+    def _normalized_name(self):
+        """Return a normalized version of the name."""
+        return Prepared.normalize(self.name)
+
+    @property
+    def version(self):
+        """Return the 'Version' metadata for the distribution package."""
+        return self.metadata['Version']
+
+    @property
+    def entry_points(self):
+        return EntryPoints._from_text_for(self.read_text('entry_points.txt'), self)
+
+    @property
+    def files(self):
+        """Files in this distribution.
+
+        :return: List of PackagePath for this distribution or None
+
+        Result is `None` if the metadata file that enumerates files
+        (i.e. RECORD for dist-info or SOURCES.txt for egg-info) is
+        missing.
+        Result may be empty if the metadata exists but is empty.
+        """
+        file_lines = self._read_files_distinfo() or self._read_files_egginfo()
+
+        def make_file(name, hash=None, size_str=None):
+            result = PackagePath(name)
+            result.hash = FileHash(hash) if hash else None
+            result.size = int(size_str) if size_str else None
+            result.dist = self
+            return result
+
+        return file_lines and list(starmap(make_file, csv.reader(file_lines)))
+
+    def _read_files_distinfo(self):
+        """
+        Read the lines of RECORD
+        """
+        text = self.read_text('RECORD')
+        return text and text.splitlines()
+
+    def _read_files_egginfo(self):
+        """
+        SOURCES.txt might contain literal commas, so wrap each line
+        in quotes.
+        """
+        text = self.read_text('SOURCES.txt')
+        return text and map('"{}"'.format, text.splitlines())
+
+    @property
+    def requires(self):
+        """Generated requirements specified for this Distribution"""
+        reqs = self._read_dist_info_reqs() or self._read_egg_info_reqs()
+        return reqs and list(reqs)
+
+    def _read_dist_info_reqs(self):
+        return self.metadata.get_all('Requires-Dist')
+
+    def _read_egg_info_reqs(self):
+        source = self.read_text('requires.txt')
+        return source and self._deps_from_requires_text(source)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _deps_from_requires_text(cls, source):
+        return cls._convert_egg_info_reqs_to_simple_reqs(Sectioned.read(source))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _convert_egg_info_reqs_to_simple_reqs(sections):
+        """
+        Historically, setuptools would solicit and store 'extra'
+        requirements, including those with environment markers,
+        in separate sections. More modern tools expect each
+        dependency to be defined separately, with any relevant
+        extras and environment markers attached directly to that
+        requirement. This method converts the former to the
+        latter. See _test_deps_from_requires_text for an example.
+        """
+
+        def make_condition(name):
+            return name and f'extra == "{name}"'
+
+        def parse_condition(section):
+            section = section or ''
+            extra, sep, markers = section.partition(':')
+            if extra and markers:
+                markers = f'({markers})'
+            conditions = list(filter(None, [markers, make_condition(extra)]))
+            return '; ' + ' and '.join(conditions) if conditions else ''
+
+        for section in sections:
+            yield section.value + parse_condition(section.name)
+
+
+class DistributionFinder(MetaPathFinder):
+    """
+    A MetaPathFinder capable of discovering installed distributions.
+    """
+
+    class Context:
+        """
+        Keyword arguments presented by the caller to
+        ``distributions()`` or ``Distribution.discover()``
+        to narrow the scope of a search for distributions
+        in all DistributionFinders.
+
+        Each DistributionFinder may expect any parameters
+        and should attempt to honor the canonical
+        parameters defined below when appropriate.
+        """
+
+        name = None
+        """
+        Specific name for which a distribution finder should match.
+        A name of ``None`` matches all distributions.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+            vars(self).update(kwargs)
+
+        @property
+        def path(self):
+            """
+            The sequence of directory path that a distribution finder
+            should search.
+
+            Typically refers to Python installed package paths such as
+            "site-packages" directories and defaults to ``sys.path``.
+            """
+            return vars(self).get('path', sys.path)
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def find_distributions(self, context=Context()):
+        """
+        Find distributions.
+
+        Return an iterable of all Distribution instances capable of
+        loading the metadata for packages matching the ``context``,
+        a DistributionFinder.Context instance.
+        """
+
+
+class FastPath:
+    """
+    Micro-optimized class for searching a path for
+    children.
+    """
+
+    @functools.lru_cache()  # type: ignore
+    def __new__(cls, root):
+        return super().__new__(cls)
+
+    def __init__(self, root):
+        self.root = str(root)
+
+    def joinpath(self, child):
+        return pathlib.Path(self.root, child)
+
+    def children(self):
+        with suppress(Exception):
+            return os.listdir(self.root or '')
+        with suppress(Exception):
+            return self.zip_children()
+        return []
+
+    def zip_children(self):
+        zip_path = zipp.Path(self.root)
+        names = zip_path.root.namelist()
+        self.joinpath = zip_path.joinpath
+
+        return dict.fromkeys(child.split(posixpath.sep, 1)[0] for child in names)
+
+    def search(self, name):
+        return self.lookup(self.mtime).search(name)
+
+    @property
+    def mtime(self):
+        with suppress(OSError):
+            return os.stat(self.root).st_mtime
+        self.lookup.cache_clear()
+
+    @method_cache
+    def lookup(self, mtime):
+        return Lookup(self)
+
+
+class Lookup:
+    def __init__(self, path: FastPath):
+        base = os.path.basename(path.root).lower()
+        base_is_egg = base.endswith(".egg")
+        self.infos = FreezableDefaultDict(list)
+        self.eggs = FreezableDefaultDict(list)
+
+        for child in path.children():
+            low = child.lower()
+            if low.endswith((".dist-info", ".egg-info")):
+                # rpartition is faster than splitext and suitable for this purpose.
+                name = low.rpartition(".")[0].partition("-")[0]
+                normalized = Prepared.normalize(name)
+                self.infos[normalized].append(path.joinpath(child))
+            elif base_is_egg and low == "egg-info":
+                name = base.rpartition(".")[0].partition("-")[0]
+                legacy_normalized = Prepared.legacy_normalize(name)
+                self.eggs[legacy_normalized].append(path.joinpath(child))
+
+        self.infos.freeze()
+        self.eggs.freeze()
+
+    def search(self, prepared):
+        infos = (
+            self.infos[prepared.normalized]
+            if prepared
+            else itertools.chain.from_iterable(self.infos.values())
+        )
+        eggs = (
+            self.eggs[prepared.legacy_normalized]
+            if prepared
+            else itertools.chain.from_iterable(self.eggs.values())
+        )
+        return itertools.chain(infos, eggs)
+
+
+class Prepared:
+    """
+    A prepared search for metadata on a possibly-named package.
+    """
+
+    normalized = None
+    legacy_normalized = None
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+        if name is None:
+            return
+        self.normalized = self.normalize(name)
+        self.legacy_normalized = self.legacy_normalize(name)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def normalize(name):
+        """
+        PEP 503 normalization plus dashes as underscores.
+        """
+        return re.sub(r"[-_.]+", "-", name).lower().replace('-', '_')
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def legacy_normalize(name):
+        """
+        Normalize the package name as found in the convention in
+        older packaging tools versions and specs.
+        """
+        return name.lower().replace('-', '_')
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(self.name)
+
+
+@install
+class MetadataPathFinder(NullFinder, DistributionFinder):
+    """A degenerate finder for distribution packages on the file system.
+
+    This finder supplies only a find_distributions() method for versions
+    of Python that do not have a PathFinder find_distributions().
+    """
+
+    def find_distributions(self, context=DistributionFinder.Context()):
+        """
+        Find distributions.
+
+        Return an iterable of all Distribution instances capable of
+        loading the metadata for packages matching ``context.name``
+        (or all names if ``None`` indicated) along the paths in the list
+        of directories ``context.path``.
+        """
+        found = self._search_paths(context.name, context.path)
+        return map(PathDistribution, found)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _search_paths(cls, name, paths):
+        """Find metadata directories in paths heuristically."""
+        prepared = Prepared(name)
+        return itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+            path.search(prepared) for path in map(FastPath, paths)
+        )
+
+    def invalidate_caches(cls):
+        FastPath.__new__.cache_clear()
+
+
+class PathDistribution(Distribution):
+    def __init__(self, path: SimplePath):
+        """Construct a distribution.
+
+        :param path: SimplePath indicating the metadata directory.
+        """
+        self._path = path
+
+    def read_text(self, filename):
+        with suppress(
+            FileNotFoundError,
+            IsADirectoryError,
+            KeyError,
+            NotADirectoryError,
+            PermissionError,
+        ):
+            return self._path.joinpath(filename).read_text(encoding='utf-8')
+
+    read_text.__doc__ = Distribution.read_text.__doc__
+
+    def locate_file(self, path):
+        return self._path.parent / path
+
+    @property
+    def _normalized_name(self):
+        """
+        Performance optimization: where possible, resolve the
+        normalized name from the file system path.
+        """
+        stem = os.path.basename(str(self._path))
+        return self._name_from_stem(stem) or super()._normalized_name
+
+    def _name_from_stem(self, stem):
+        name, ext = os.path.splitext(stem)
+        if ext not in ('.dist-info', '.egg-info'):
+            return
+        name, sep, rest = stem.partition('-')
+        return name
+
+
+def distribution(distribution_name):
+    """Get the ``Distribution`` instance for the named package.
+
+    :param distribution_name: The name of the distribution package as a string.
+    :return: A ``Distribution`` instance (or subclass thereof).
+    """
+    return Distribution.from_name(distribution_name)
+
+
+def distributions(**kwargs):
+    """Get all ``Distribution`` instances in the current environment.
+
+    :return: An iterable of ``Distribution`` instances.
+    """
+    return Distribution.discover(**kwargs)
+
+
+def metadata(distribution_name) -> _meta.PackageMetadata:
+    """Get the metadata for the named package.
+
+    :param distribution_name: The name of the distribution package to query.
+    :return: A PackageMetadata containing the parsed metadata.
+    """
+    return Distribution.from_name(distribution_name).metadata
+
+
+def version(distribution_name):
+    """Get the version string for the named package.
+
+    :param distribution_name: The name of the distribution package to query.
+    :return: The version string for the package as defined in the package's
+        "Version" metadata key.
+    """
+    return distribution(distribution_name).version
+
+
+def entry_points(**params) -> Union[EntryPoints, SelectableGroups]:
+    """Return EntryPoint objects for all installed packages.
+
+    Pass selection parameters (group or name) to filter the
+    result to entry points matching those properties (see
+    EntryPoints.select()).
+
+    For compatibility, returns ``SelectableGroups`` object unless
+    selection parameters are supplied. In the future, this function
+    will return ``EntryPoints`` instead of ``SelectableGroups``
+    even when no selection parameters are supplied.
+
+    For maximum future compatibility, pass selection parameters
+    or invoke ``.select`` with parameters on the result.
+
+    :return: EntryPoints or SelectableGroups for all installed packages.
+    """
+    norm_name = operator.attrgetter('_normalized_name')
+    unique = functools.partial(unique_everseen, key=norm_name)
+    eps = itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+        dist.entry_points for dist in unique(distributions())
+    )
+    return SelectableGroups.load(eps).select(**params)
+
+
+def files(distribution_name):
+    """Return a list of files for the named package.
+
+    :param distribution_name: The name of the distribution package to query.
+    :return: List of files composing the distribution.
+    """
+    return distribution(distribution_name).files
+
+
+def requires(distribution_name):
+    """
+    Return a list of requirements for the named package.
+
+    :return: An iterator of requirements, suitable for
+        packaging.requirement.Requirement.
+    """
+    return distribution(distribution_name).requires
+
+
+def packages_distributions() -> Mapping[str, List[str]]:
+    """
+    Return a mapping of top-level packages to their
+    distributions.
+
+    >>> import collections.abc
+    >>> pkgs = packages_distributions()
+    >>> all(isinstance(dist, collections.abc.Sequence) for dist in pkgs.values())
+    True
+    """
+    pkg_to_dist = collections.defaultdict(list)
+    for dist in distributions():
+        for pkg in _top_level_declared(dist) or _top_level_inferred(dist):
+            pkg_to_dist[pkg].append(dist.metadata['Name'])
+    return dict(pkg_to_dist)
+
+
+def _top_level_declared(dist):
+    return (dist.read_text('top_level.txt') or '').split()
+
+
+def _top_level_inferred(dist):
+    return {
+        f.parts[0] if len(f.parts) > 1 else f.with_suffix('').name
+        for f in always_iterable(dist.files)
+        if f.suffix == ".py"
+    }
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_adapters.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_adapters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa460d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_adapters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+import re
+import textwrap
+import email.message
+
+from ._text import FoldedCase
+
+
+class Message(email.message.Message):
+    multiple_use_keys = set(
+        map(
+            FoldedCase,
+            [
+                'Classifier',
+                'Obsoletes-Dist',
+                'Platform',
+                'Project-URL',
+                'Provides-Dist',
+                'Provides-Extra',
+                'Requires-Dist',
+                'Requires-External',
+                'Supported-Platform',
+                'Dynamic',
+            ],
+        )
+    )
+    """
+    Keys that may be indicated multiple times per PEP 566.
+    """
+
+    def __new__(cls, orig: email.message.Message):
+        res = super().__new__(cls)
+        vars(res).update(vars(orig))
+        return res
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._headers = self._repair_headers()
+
+    # suppress spurious error from mypy
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return super().__iter__()
+
+    def _repair_headers(self):
+        def redent(value):
+            "Correct for RFC822 indentation"
+            if not value or '\n' not in value:
+                return value
+            return textwrap.dedent(' ' * 8 + value)
+
+        headers = [(key, redent(value)) for key, value in vars(self)['_headers']]
+        if self._payload:
+            headers.append(('Description', self.get_payload()))
+        return headers
+
+    @property
+    def json(self):
+        """
+        Convert PackageMetadata to a JSON-compatible format
+        per PEP 0566.
+        """
+
+        def transform(key):
+            value = self.get_all(key) if key in self.multiple_use_keys else self[key]
+            if key == 'Keywords':
+                value = re.split(r'\s+', value)
+            tk = key.lower().replace('-', '_')
+            return tk, value
+
+        return dict(map(transform, map(FoldedCase, self)))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_collections.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_collections.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf0954e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_collections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import collections
+
+
+# from jaraco.collections 3.3
+class FreezableDefaultDict(collections.defaultdict):
+    """
+    Often it is desirable to prevent the mutation of
+    a default dict after its initial construction, such
+    as to prevent mutation during iteration.
+
+    >>> dd = FreezableDefaultDict(list)
+    >>> dd[0].append('1')
+    >>> dd.freeze()
+    >>> dd[1]
+    []
+    >>> len(dd)
+    1
+    """
+
+    def __missing__(self, key):
+        return getattr(self, '_frozen', super().__missing__)(key)
+
+    def freeze(self):
+        self._frozen = lambda key: self.default_factory()
+
+
+class Pair(collections.namedtuple('Pair', 'name value')):
+    @classmethod
+    def parse(cls, text):
+        return cls(*map(str.strip, text.split("=", 1)))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..765fdea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+import sys
+import platform
+
+
+__all__ = ['install', 'NullFinder', 'Protocol']
+
+
+try:
+    from typing import Protocol
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    """
+    pytest-mypy complains here because:
+    error: Incompatible import of "Protocol" (imported name has type
+    "typing_extensions._SpecialForm", local name has type "typing._SpecialForm")
+    """
+    from typing_extensions import Protocol  # type: ignore
+
+
+def install(cls):
+    """
+    Class decorator for installation on sys.meta_path.
+
+    Adds the backport DistributionFinder to sys.meta_path and
+    attempts to disable the finder functionality of the stdlib
+    DistributionFinder.
+    """
+    sys.meta_path.append(cls())
+    disable_stdlib_finder()
+    return cls
+
+
+def disable_stdlib_finder():
+    """
+    Give the backport primacy for discovering path-based distributions
+    by monkey-patching the stdlib O_O.
+
+    See #91 for more background for rationale on this sketchy
+    behavior.
+    """
+
+    def matches(finder):
+        return getattr(
+            finder, '__module__', None
+        ) == '_frozen_importlib_external' and hasattr(finder, 'find_distributions')
+
+    for finder in filter(matches, sys.meta_path):  # pragma: nocover
+        del finder.find_distributions
+
+
+class NullFinder:
+    """
+    A "Finder" (aka "MetaClassFinder") that never finds any modules,
+    but may find distributions.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def find_spec(*args, **kwargs):
+        return None
+
+    # In Python 2, the import system requires finders
+    # to have a find_module() method, but this usage
+    # is deprecated in Python 3 in favor of find_spec().
+    # For the purposes of this finder (i.e. being present
+    # on sys.meta_path but having no other import
+    # system functionality), the two methods are identical.
+    find_module = find_spec
+
+
+def pypy_partial(val):
+    """
+    Adjust for variable stacklevel on partial under PyPy.
+
+    Workaround for #327.
+    """
+    is_pypy = platform.python_implementation() == 'PyPy'
+    return val + is_pypy
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_functools.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_functools.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73f50d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_functools.py
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+import types
+import functools
+
+
+# from jaraco.functools 3.3
+def method_cache(method, cache_wrapper=None):
+    """
+    Wrap lru_cache to support storing the cache data in the object instances.
+
+    Abstracts the common paradigm where the method explicitly saves an
+    underscore-prefixed protected property on first call and returns that
+    subsequently.
+
+    >>> class MyClass:
+    ...     calls = 0
+    ...
+    ...     @method_cache
+    ...     def method(self, value):
+    ...         self.calls += 1
+    ...         return value
+
+    >>> a = MyClass()
+    >>> a.method(3)
+    3
+    >>> for x in range(75):
+    ...     res = a.method(x)
+    >>> a.calls
+    75
+
+    Note that the apparent behavior will be exactly like that of lru_cache
+    except that the cache is stored on each instance, so values in one
+    instance will not flush values from another, and when an instance is
+    deleted, so are the cached values for that instance.
+
+    >>> b = MyClass()
+    >>> for x in range(35):
+    ...     res = b.method(x)
+    >>> b.calls
+    35
+    >>> a.method(0)
+    0
+    >>> a.calls
+    75
+
+    Note that if method had been decorated with ``functools.lru_cache()``,
+    a.calls would have been 76 (due to the cached value of 0 having been
+    flushed by the 'b' instance).
+
+    Clear the cache with ``.cache_clear()``
+
+    >>> a.method.cache_clear()
+
+    Same for a method that hasn't yet been called.
+
+    >>> c = MyClass()
+    >>> c.method.cache_clear()
+
+    Another cache wrapper may be supplied:
+
+    >>> cache = functools.lru_cache(maxsize=2)
+    >>> MyClass.method2 = method_cache(lambda self: 3, cache_wrapper=cache)
+    >>> a = MyClass()
+    >>> a.method2()
+    3
+
+    Caution - do not subsequently wrap the method with another decorator, such
+    as ``@property``, which changes the semantics of the function.
+
+    See also
+    http://code.activestate.com/recipes/577452-a-memoize-decorator-for-instance-methods/
+    for another implementation and additional justification.
+    """
+    cache_wrapper = cache_wrapper or functools.lru_cache()
+
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # it's the first call, replace the method with a cached, bound method
+        bound_method = types.MethodType(method, self)
+        cached_method = cache_wrapper(bound_method)
+        setattr(self, method.__name__, cached_method)
+        return cached_method(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    # Support cache clear even before cache has been created.
+    wrapper.cache_clear = lambda: None
+
+    return wrapper
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_itertools.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_itertools.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4ca9b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_itertools.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+from itertools import filterfalse
+
+
+def unique_everseen(iterable, key=None):
+    "List unique elements, preserving order. Remember all elements ever seen."
+    # unique_everseen('AAAABBBCCDAABBB') --> A B C D
+    # unique_everseen('ABBCcAD', str.lower) --> A B C D
+    seen = set()
+    seen_add = seen.add
+    if key is None:
+        for element in filterfalse(seen.__contains__, iterable):
+            seen_add(element)
+            yield element
+    else:
+        for element in iterable:
+            k = key(element)
+            if k not in seen:
+                seen_add(k)
+                yield element
+
+
+# copied from more_itertools 8.8
+def always_iterable(obj, base_type=(str, bytes)):
+    """If *obj* is iterable, return an iterator over its items::
+
+        >>> obj = (1, 2, 3)
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj))
+        [1, 2, 3]
+
+    If *obj* is not iterable, return a one-item iterable containing *obj*::
+
+        >>> obj = 1
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj))
+        [1]
+
+    If *obj* is ``None``, return an empty iterable:
+
+        >>> obj = None
+        >>> list(always_iterable(None))
+        []
+
+    By default, binary and text strings are not considered iterable::
+
+        >>> obj = 'foo'
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj))
+        ['foo']
+
+    If *base_type* is set, objects for which ``isinstance(obj, base_type)``
+    returns ``True`` won't be considered iterable.
+
+        >>> obj = {'a': 1}
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj))  # Iterate over the dict's keys
+        ['a']
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj, base_type=dict))  # Treat dicts as a unit
+        [{'a': 1}]
+
+    Set *base_type* to ``None`` to avoid any special handling and treat objects
+    Python considers iterable as iterable:
+
+        >>> obj = 'foo'
+        >>> list(always_iterable(obj, base_type=None))
+        ['f', 'o', 'o']
+    """
+    if obj is None:
+        return iter(())
+
+    if (base_type is not None) and isinstance(obj, base_type):
+        return iter((obj,))
+
+    try:
+        return iter(obj)
+    except TypeError:
+        return iter((obj,))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_meta.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_meta.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37ee43e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_meta.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from ._compat import Protocol
+from typing import Any, Dict, Iterator, List, TypeVar, Union
+
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+
+
+class PackageMetadata(Protocol):
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def __contains__(self, item: str) -> bool:
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> str:
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def get_all(self, name: str, failobj: _T = ...) -> Union[List[Any], _T]:
+        """
+        Return all values associated with a possibly multi-valued key.
+        """
+
+    @property
+    def json(self) -> Dict[str, Union[str, List[str]]]:
+        """
+        A JSON-compatible form of the metadata.
+        """
+
+
+class SimplePath(Protocol):
+    """
+    A minimal subset of pathlib.Path required by PathDistribution.
+    """
+
+    def joinpath(self) -> 'SimplePath':
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def __truediv__(self) -> 'SimplePath':
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def parent(self) -> 'SimplePath':
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def read_text(self) -> str:
+        ...  # pragma: no cover
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_text.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_text.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c88cfbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/_text.py
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import re
+
+from ._functools import method_cache
+
+
+# from jaraco.text 3.5
+class FoldedCase(str):
+    """
+    A case insensitive string class; behaves just like str
+    except compares equal when the only variation is case.
+
+    >>> s = FoldedCase('hello world')
+
+    >>> s == 'Hello World'
+    True
+
+    >>> 'Hello World' == s
+    True
+
+    >>> s != 'Hello World'
+    False
+
+    >>> s.index('O')
+    4
+
+    >>> s.split('O')
+    ['hell', ' w', 'rld']
+
+    >>> sorted(map(FoldedCase, ['GAMMA', 'alpha', 'Beta']))
+    ['alpha', 'Beta', 'GAMMA']
+
+    Sequence membership is straightforward.
+
+    >>> "Hello World" in [s]
+    True
+    >>> s in ["Hello World"]
+    True
+
+    You may test for set inclusion, but candidate and elements
+    must both be folded.
+
+    >>> FoldedCase("Hello World") in {s}
+    True
+    >>> s in {FoldedCase("Hello World")}
+    True
+
+    String inclusion works as long as the FoldedCase object
+    is on the right.
+
+    >>> "hello" in FoldedCase("Hello World")
+    True
+
+    But not if the FoldedCase object is on the left:
+
+    >>> FoldedCase('hello') in 'Hello World'
+    False
+
+    In that case, use in_:
+
+    >>> FoldedCase('hello').in_('Hello World')
+    True
+
+    >>> FoldedCase('hello') > FoldedCase('Hello')
+    False
+    """
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return self.lower() < other.lower()
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return self.lower() > other.lower()
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self.lower() == other.lower()
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return self.lower() != other.lower()
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self.lower())
+
+    def __contains__(self, other):
+        return super().lower().__contains__(other.lower())
+
+    def in_(self, other):
+        "Does self appear in other?"
+        return self in FoldedCase(other)
+
+    # cache lower since it's likely to be called frequently.
+    @method_cache
+    def lower(self):
+        return super().lower()
+
+    def index(self, sub):
+        return self.lower().index(sub.lower())
+
+    def split(self, splitter=' ', maxsplit=0):
+        pattern = re.compile(re.escape(splitter), re.I)
+        return pattern.split(self, maxsplit)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/py.typed b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/importlib_metadata/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b190ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Copyright 2011 Pallets
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+3.  Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
+    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+    this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..660e9a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: itsdangerous
+Version: 2.0.1
+Summary: Safely pass data to untrusted environments and back.
+Home-page: https://palletsprojects.com/p/itsdangerous/
+Author: Armin Ronacher
+Author-email: armin.ronacher@active-4.com
+Maintainer: Pallets
+Maintainer-email: contact@palletsprojects.com
+License: BSD-3-Clause
+Project-URL: Donate, https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://itsdangerous.palletsprojects.com/
+Project-URL: Changes, https://itsdangerous.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/pallets/itsdangerous/
+Project-URL: Issue Tracker, https://github.com/pallets/itsdangerous/issues/
+Project-URL: Twitter, https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+Project-URL: Chat, https://discord.gg/pallets
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+
+ItsDangerous
+============
+
+... so better sign this
+
+Various helpers to pass data to untrusted environments and to get it
+back safe and sound. Data is cryptographically signed to ensure that a
+token has not been tampered with.
+
+It's possible to customize how data is serialized. Data is compressed as
+needed. A timestamp can be added and verified automatically while
+loading a token.
+
+
+Installing
+----------
+
+Install and update using `pip`_:
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+    pip install -U itsdangerous
+
+.. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/quickstart/
+
+
+A Simple Example
+----------------
+
+Here's how you could generate a token for transmitting a user's id and
+name between web requests.
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from itsdangerous import URLSafeSerializer
+    auth_s = URLSafeSerializer("secret key", "auth")
+    token = auth_s.dumps({"id": 5, "name": "itsdangerous"})
+
+    print(token)
+    # eyJpZCI6NSwibmFtZSI6Iml0c2Rhbmdlcm91cyJ9.6YP6T0BaO67XP--9UzTrmurXSmg
+
+    data = auth_s.loads(token)
+    print(data["name"])
+    # itsdangerous
+
+
+Donate
+------
+
+The Pallets organization develops and supports ItsDangerous and other
+popular packages. In order to grow the community of contributors and
+users, and allow the maintainers to devote more time to the projects,
+`please donate today`_.
+
+.. _please donate today: https://palletsprojects.com/donate
+
+
+Links
+-----
+
+-   Documentation: https://itsdangerous.palletsprojects.com/
+-   Changes: https://itsdangerous.palletsprojects.com/changes/
+-   PyPI Releases: https://pypi.org/project/ItsDangerous/
+-   Source Code: https://github.com/pallets/itsdangerous/
+-   Issue Tracker: https://github.com/pallets/itsdnagerous/issues/
+-   Website: https://palletsprojects.com/p/itsdangerous/
+-   Twitter: https://twitter.com/PalletsTeam
+-   Chat: https://discord.gg/pallets
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3212a69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/LICENSE.rst,sha256=Y68JiRtr6K0aQlLtQ68PTvun_JSOIoNnvtfzxa4LCdc,1475
+itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=QefBW2TemRBgE96yYn3UP-A51t8KTukwDHi7PopLOhQ,2897
+itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/RECORD,,
+itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=OqRkF0eY5GHssMorFjlbTIq072vpHpF60fIQA6lS9xA,92
+itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=gKN1OKLk81i7fbWWildJA88EQ9NhnGMSvZqhfz9ICjk,13
+itsdangerous/__init__.py,sha256=kFOxywqkUzCZHjc7l4RNjbirFIkG7R-IED7VwytJI_U,993
+itsdangerous/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+itsdangerous/__pycache__/_json.cpython-37.pyc,,
+itsdangerous/__pycache__/encoding.cpython-37.pyc,,
+itsdangerous/__pycache__/exc.cpython-37.pyc,,
+itsdangerous/__pycache__/jws.cpython-37.pyc,,
+itsdangerous/__pycache__/serializer.cpython-37.pyc,,
+itsdangerous/__pycache__/signer.cpython-37.pyc,,
+itsdangerous/__pycache__/timed.cpython-37.pyc,,
+itsdangerous/__pycache__/url_safe.cpython-37.pyc,,
+itsdangerous/_json.py,sha256=7nGypi9qk_1whBcPl3uYe-sWl1T-vloc9-BLK5TZAwE,918
+itsdangerous/encoding.py,sha256=zXNcTsxoCXQ0J76FCtn45Gb2zg4mwjKTPmHJUt2T_eA,1407
+itsdangerous/exc.py,sha256=VFxmP2lMoSJFqxNMzWonqs35ROII4-fvCBfG0v1Tkbs,3206
+itsdangerous/jws.py,sha256=keAvHRMieLBIQRPsvMU4W8CQPcaCqDU5Uc8plify5KU,8137
+itsdangerous/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+itsdangerous/serializer.py,sha256=zS6ZztooC_7qFwdO140NnI5MVvqKJEFbWbsOcXOO__Y,11137
+itsdangerous/signer.py,sha256=QUH0iX0in-OTptMAXKU5zWMwmOCXn1fsDsubXiGdFN4,9367
+itsdangerous/timed.py,sha256=vb-BZ57WyHd1hh9gbXae4qZhKNqZICuDflLINcsp9iY,7850
+itsdangerous/url_safe.py,sha256=WLIicndsXvzS2edX7XH8bjo9nurgE-brgo915CsAR9g,2388
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..385faab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.36.2)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e163955
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous-2.0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+itsdangerous
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5010252
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from ._json import json
+from .encoding import base64_decode as base64_decode
+from .encoding import base64_encode as base64_encode
+from .encoding import want_bytes as want_bytes
+from .exc import BadData as BadData
+from .exc import BadHeader as BadHeader
+from .exc import BadPayload as BadPayload
+from .exc import BadSignature as BadSignature
+from .exc import BadTimeSignature as BadTimeSignature
+from .exc import SignatureExpired as SignatureExpired
+from .jws import JSONWebSignatureSerializer
+from .jws import TimedJSONWebSignatureSerializer
+from .serializer import Serializer as Serializer
+from .signer import HMACAlgorithm as HMACAlgorithm
+from .signer import NoneAlgorithm as NoneAlgorithm
+from .signer import Signer as Signer
+from .timed import TimedSerializer as TimedSerializer
+from .timed import TimestampSigner as TimestampSigner
+from .url_safe import URLSafeSerializer as URLSafeSerializer
+from .url_safe import URLSafeTimedSerializer as URLSafeTimedSerializer
+
+__version__ = "2.0.1"
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5dffe58
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/__pycache__/_json.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/__pycache__/_json.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/__pycache__/url_safe.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/__pycache__/url_safe.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/_json.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/_json.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9368da2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/_json.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import json as _json
+import typing as _t
+from types import ModuleType
+
+
+class _CompactJSON:
+    """Wrapper around json module that strips whitespace."""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def loads(payload: _t.Union[str, bytes]) -> _t.Any:
+        return _json.loads(payload)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def dumps(obj: _t.Any, **kwargs: _t.Any) -> str:
+        kwargs.setdefault("ensure_ascii", False)
+        kwargs.setdefault("separators", (",", ":"))
+        return _json.dumps(obj, **kwargs)
+
+
+class DeprecatedJSON(ModuleType):
+    def __getattribute__(self, item: str) -> _t.Any:
+        import warnings
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Importing 'itsdangerous.json' is deprecated and will be"
+            " removed in ItsDangerous 2.1. Use Python's 'json' module"
+            " instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return getattr(_json, item)
+
+
+json = DeprecatedJSON("json")
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/encoding.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/encoding.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cacc1c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/encoding.py
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import base64
+import string
+import struct
+import typing as _t
+
+from .exc import BadData
+
+_t_str_bytes = _t.Union[str, bytes]
+
+
+def want_bytes(
+    s: _t_str_bytes, encoding: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "strict"
+) -> bytes:
+    if isinstance(s, str):
+        s = s.encode(encoding, errors)
+
+    return s
+
+
+def base64_encode(string: _t_str_bytes) -> bytes:
+    """Base64 encode a string of bytes or text. The resulting bytes are
+    safe to use in URLs.
+    """
+    string = want_bytes(string)
+    return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(string).rstrip(b"=")
+
+
+def base64_decode(string: _t_str_bytes) -> bytes:
+    """Base64 decode a URL-safe string of bytes or text. The result is
+    bytes.
+    """
+    string = want_bytes(string, encoding="ascii", errors="ignore")
+    string += b"=" * (-len(string) % 4)
+
+    try:
+        return base64.urlsafe_b64decode(string)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        raise BadData("Invalid base64-encoded data")
+
+
+# The alphabet used by base64.urlsafe_*
+_base64_alphabet = f"{string.ascii_letters}{string.digits}-_=".encode("ascii")
+
+_int64_struct = struct.Struct(">Q")
+_int_to_bytes = _int64_struct.pack
+_bytes_to_int = _t.cast("_t.Callable[[bytes], _t.Tuple[int]]", _int64_struct.unpack)
+
+
+def int_to_bytes(num: int) -> bytes:
+    return _int_to_bytes(num).lstrip(b"\x00")
+
+
+def bytes_to_int(bytestr: bytes) -> int:
+    return _bytes_to_int(bytestr.rjust(8, b"\x00"))[0]
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/exc.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/exc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c38a6af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/exc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+import typing as _t
+from datetime import datetime
+
+_t_opt_any = _t.Optional[_t.Any]
+_t_opt_exc = _t.Optional[Exception]
+
+
+class BadData(Exception):
+    """Raised if bad data of any sort was encountered. This is the base
+    for all exceptions that ItsDangerous defines.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.15
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str):
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.message = message
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.message
+
+
+class BadSignature(BadData):
+    """Raised if a signature does not match."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str, payload: _t_opt_any = None):
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+        #: The payload that failed the signature test. In some
+        #: situations you might still want to inspect this, even if
+        #: you know it was tampered with.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 0.14
+        self.payload: _t_opt_any = payload
+
+
+class BadTimeSignature(BadSignature):
+    """Raised if a time-based signature is invalid. This is a subclass
+    of :class:`BadSignature`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message: str,
+        payload: _t_opt_any = None,
+        date_signed: _t.Optional[datetime] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(message, payload)
+
+        #: If the signature expired this exposes the date of when the
+        #: signature was created. This can be helpful in order to
+        #: tell the user how long a link has been gone stale.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        #:     The datetime value is timezone-aware rather than naive.
+        #:
+        #: .. versionadded:: 0.14
+        self.date_signed = date_signed
+
+
+class SignatureExpired(BadTimeSignature):
+    """Raised if a signature timestamp is older than ``max_age``. This
+    is a subclass of :exc:`BadTimeSignature`.
+    """
+
+
+class BadHeader(BadSignature):
+    """Raised if a signed header is invalid in some form. This only
+    happens for serializers that have a header that goes with the
+    signature.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.24
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message: str,
+        payload: _t_opt_any = None,
+        header: _t_opt_any = None,
+        original_error: _t_opt_exc = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(message, payload)
+
+        #: If the header is actually available but just malformed it
+        #: might be stored here.
+        self.header: _t_opt_any = header
+
+        #: If available, the error that indicates why the payload was
+        #: not valid. This might be ``None``.
+        self.original_error: _t_opt_exc = original_error
+
+
+class BadPayload(BadData):
+    """Raised if a payload is invalid. This could happen if the payload
+    is loaded despite an invalid signature, or if there is a mismatch
+    between the serializer and deserializer. The original exception
+    that occurred during loading is stored on as :attr:`original_error`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.15
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str, original_error: _t_opt_exc = None):
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+        #: If available, the error that indicates why the payload was
+        #: not valid. This might be ``None``.
+        self.original_error: _t_opt_exc = original_error
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/jws.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/jws.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2353a30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/jws.py
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+import hashlib
+import time
+import warnings
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timezone
+from decimal import Decimal
+from numbers import Real
+
+from ._json import _CompactJSON
+from .encoding import base64_decode
+from .encoding import base64_encode
+from .encoding import want_bytes
+from .exc import BadData
+from .exc import BadHeader
+from .exc import BadPayload
+from .exc import BadSignature
+from .exc import SignatureExpired
+from .serializer import Serializer
+from .signer import HMACAlgorithm
+from .signer import NoneAlgorithm
+
+
+class JSONWebSignatureSerializer(Serializer):
+    """This serializer implements JSON Web Signature (JWS) support. Only
+    supports the JWS Compact Serialization.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in ItsDangerous 2.1. Use a dedicated library
+        such as authlib.
+    """
+
+    jws_algorithms = {
+        "HS256": HMACAlgorithm(hashlib.sha256),
+        "HS384": HMACAlgorithm(hashlib.sha384),
+        "HS512": HMACAlgorithm(hashlib.sha512),
+        "none": NoneAlgorithm(),
+    }
+
+    #: The default algorithm to use for signature generation
+    default_algorithm = "HS512"
+
+    default_serializer = _CompactJSON
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        secret_key,
+        salt=None,
+        serializer=None,
+        serializer_kwargs=None,
+        signer=None,
+        signer_kwargs=None,
+        algorithm_name=None,
+    ):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "JWS support is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " ItsDangerous 2.1. Use a dedicated JWS/JWT library such as"
+            " authlib.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(
+            secret_key,
+            salt=salt,
+            serializer=serializer,
+            serializer_kwargs=serializer_kwargs,
+            signer=signer,
+            signer_kwargs=signer_kwargs,
+        )
+
+        if algorithm_name is None:
+            algorithm_name = self.default_algorithm
+
+        self.algorithm_name = algorithm_name
+        self.algorithm = self.make_algorithm(algorithm_name)
+
+    def load_payload(self, payload, serializer=None, return_header=False):
+        payload = want_bytes(payload)
+
+        if b"." not in payload:
+            raise BadPayload('No "." found in value')
+
+        base64d_header, base64d_payload = payload.split(b".", 1)
+
+        try:
+            json_header = base64_decode(base64d_header)
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise BadHeader(
+                "Could not base64 decode the header because of an exception",
+                original_error=e,
+            )
+
+        try:
+            json_payload = base64_decode(base64d_payload)
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise BadPayload(
+                "Could not base64 decode the payload because of an exception",
+                original_error=e,
+            )
+
+        try:
+            header = super().load_payload(json_header, serializer=_CompactJSON)
+        except BadData as e:
+            raise BadHeader(
+                "Could not unserialize header because it was malformed",
+                original_error=e,
+            )
+
+        if not isinstance(header, dict):
+            raise BadHeader("Header payload is not a JSON object", header=header)
+
+        payload = super().load_payload(json_payload, serializer=serializer)
+
+        if return_header:
+            return payload, header
+
+        return payload
+
+    def dump_payload(self, header, obj):
+        base64d_header = base64_encode(
+            self.serializer.dumps(header, **self.serializer_kwargs)
+        )
+        base64d_payload = base64_encode(
+            self.serializer.dumps(obj, **self.serializer_kwargs)
+        )
+        return base64d_header + b"." + base64d_payload
+
+    def make_algorithm(self, algorithm_name):
+        try:
+            return self.jws_algorithms[algorithm_name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise NotImplementedError("Algorithm not supported")
+
+    def make_signer(self, salt=None, algorithm=None):
+        if salt is None:
+            salt = self.salt
+
+        key_derivation = "none" if salt is None else None
+
+        if algorithm is None:
+            algorithm = self.algorithm
+
+        return self.signer(
+            self.secret_keys,
+            salt=salt,
+            sep=".",
+            key_derivation=key_derivation,
+            algorithm=algorithm,
+        )
+
+    def make_header(self, header_fields):
+        header = header_fields.copy() if header_fields else {}
+        header["alg"] = self.algorithm_name
+        return header
+
+    def dumps(self, obj, salt=None, header_fields=None):
+        """Like :meth:`.Serializer.dumps` but creates a JSON Web
+        Signature. It also allows for specifying additional fields to be
+        included in the JWS header.
+        """
+        header = self.make_header(header_fields)
+        signer = self.make_signer(salt, self.algorithm)
+        return signer.sign(self.dump_payload(header, obj))
+
+    def loads(self, s, salt=None, return_header=False):
+        """Reverse of :meth:`dumps`. If requested via ``return_header``
+        it will return a tuple of payload and header.
+        """
+        payload, header = self.load_payload(
+            self.make_signer(salt, self.algorithm).unsign(want_bytes(s)),
+            return_header=True,
+        )
+
+        if header.get("alg") != self.algorithm_name:
+            raise BadHeader("Algorithm mismatch", header=header, payload=payload)
+
+        if return_header:
+            return payload, header
+
+        return payload
+
+    def loads_unsafe(self, s, salt=None, return_header=False):
+        kwargs = {"return_header": return_header}
+        return self._loads_unsafe_impl(s, salt, kwargs, kwargs)
+
+
+class TimedJSONWebSignatureSerializer(JSONWebSignatureSerializer):
+    """Works like the regular :class:`JSONWebSignatureSerializer` but
+    also records the time of the signing and can be used to expire
+    signatures.
+
+    JWS currently does not specify this behavior but it mentions a
+    possible extension like this in the spec. Expiry date is encoded
+    into the header similar to what's specified in `draft-ietf-oauth
+    -json-web-token <http://self-issued.info/docs/draft-ietf-oauth-json
+    -web-token.html#expDef>`_.
+    """
+
+    DEFAULT_EXPIRES_IN = 3600
+
+    def __init__(self, secret_key, expires_in=None, **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(secret_key, **kwargs)
+
+        if expires_in is None:
+            expires_in = self.DEFAULT_EXPIRES_IN
+
+        self.expires_in = expires_in
+
+    def make_header(self, header_fields):
+        header = super().make_header(header_fields)
+        iat = self.now()
+        exp = iat + self.expires_in
+        header["iat"] = iat
+        header["exp"] = exp
+        return header
+
+    def loads(self, s, salt=None, return_header=False):
+        payload, header = super().loads(s, salt, return_header=True)
+
+        if "exp" not in header:
+            raise BadSignature("Missing expiry date", payload=payload)
+
+        int_date_error = BadHeader("Expiry date is not an IntDate", payload=payload)
+
+        try:
+            header["exp"] = int(header["exp"])
+        except ValueError:
+            raise int_date_error
+
+        if header["exp"] < 0:
+            raise int_date_error
+
+        if header["exp"] < self.now():
+            raise SignatureExpired(
+                "Signature expired",
+                payload=payload,
+                date_signed=self.get_issue_date(header),
+            )
+
+        if return_header:
+            return payload, header
+
+        return payload
+
+    def get_issue_date(self, header):
+        """If the header contains the ``iat`` field, return the date the
+        signature was issued, as a timezone-aware
+        :class:`datetime.datetime` in UTC.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The timestamp is returned as a timezone-aware ``datetime``
+            in UTC rather than a naive ``datetime`` assumed to be UTC.
+        """
+        rv = header.get("iat")
+
+        if isinstance(rv, (Real, Decimal)):
+            return datetime.fromtimestamp(int(rv), tz=timezone.utc)
+
+    def now(self):
+        return int(time.time())
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/py.typed b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/serializer.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/serializer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36a73fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/serializer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+import json
+import typing as _t
+
+from .encoding import want_bytes
+from .exc import BadPayload
+from .exc import BadSignature
+from .signer import _make_keys_list
+from .signer import Signer
+
+_t_str_bytes = _t.Union[str, bytes]
+_t_opt_str_bytes = _t.Optional[_t_str_bytes]
+_t_kwargs = _t.Dict[str, _t.Any]
+_t_opt_kwargs = _t.Optional[_t_kwargs]
+_t_signer = _t.Type[Signer]
+_t_fallbacks = _t.List[_t.Union[_t_kwargs, _t.Tuple[_t_signer, _t_kwargs], _t_signer]]
+_t_load_unsafe = _t.Tuple[bool, _t.Any]
+_t_secret_key = _t.Union[_t.Iterable[_t_str_bytes], _t_str_bytes]
+
+
+def is_text_serializer(serializer: _t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Checks whether a serializer generates text or binary."""
+    return isinstance(serializer.dumps({}), str)
+
+
+class Serializer:
+    """A serializer wraps a :class:`~itsdangerous.signer.Signer` to
+    enable serializing and securely signing data other than bytes. It
+    can unsign to verify that the data hasn't been changed.
+
+    The serializer provides :meth:`dumps` and :meth:`loads`, similar to
+    :mod:`json`, and by default uses :mod:`json` internally to serialize
+    the data to bytes.
+
+    The secret key should be a random string of ``bytes`` and should not
+    be saved to code or version control. Different salts should be used
+    to distinguish signing in different contexts. See :doc:`/concepts`
+    for information about the security of the secret key and salt.
+
+    :param secret_key: The secret key to sign and verify with. Can be a
+        list of keys, oldest to newest, to support key rotation.
+    :param salt: Extra key to combine with ``secret_key`` to distinguish
+        signatures in different contexts.
+    :param serializer: An object that provides ``dumps`` and ``loads``
+        methods for serializing data to a string. Defaults to
+        :attr:`default_serializer`, which defaults to :mod:`json`.
+    :param serializer_kwargs: Keyword arguments to pass when calling
+        ``serializer.dumps``.
+    :param signer: A ``Signer`` class to instantiate when signing data.
+        Defaults to :attr:`default_signer`, which defaults to
+        :class:`~itsdangerous.signer.Signer`.
+    :param signer_kwargs: Keyword arguments to pass when instantiating
+        the ``Signer`` class.
+    :param fallback_signers: List of signer parameters to try when
+        unsigning with the default signer fails. Each item can be a dict
+        of ``signer_kwargs``, a ``Signer`` class, or a tuple of
+        ``(signer, signer_kwargs)``. Defaults to
+        :attr:`default_fallback_signers`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Added support for key rotation by passing a list to
+        ``secret_key``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Removed the default SHA-512 fallback signer from
+        ``default_fallback_signers``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.1
+        Added support for ``fallback_signers`` and configured a default
+        SHA-512 fallback. This fallback is for users who used the yanked
+        1.0.0 release which defaulted to SHA-512.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.14
+        The ``signer`` and ``signer_kwargs`` parameters were added to
+        the constructor.
+    """
+
+    #: The default serialization module to use to serialize data to a
+    #: string internally. The default is :mod:`json`, but can be changed
+    #: to any object that provides ``dumps`` and ``loads`` methods.
+    default_serializer: _t.Any = json
+
+    #: The default ``Signer`` class to instantiate when signing data.
+    #: The default is :class:`itsdangerous.signer.Signer`.
+    default_signer: _t_signer = Signer
+
+    #: The default fallback signers to try when unsigning fails.
+    default_fallback_signers: _t_fallbacks = []
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        secret_key: _t_secret_key,
+        salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = b"itsdangerous",
+        serializer: _t.Any = None,
+        serializer_kwargs: _t_opt_kwargs = None,
+        signer: _t.Optional[_t_signer] = None,
+        signer_kwargs: _t_opt_kwargs = None,
+        fallback_signers: _t.Optional[_t_fallbacks] = None,
+    ):
+        #: The list of secret keys to try for verifying signatures, from
+        #: oldest to newest. The newest (last) key is used for signing.
+        #:
+        #: This allows a key rotation system to keep a list of allowed
+        #: keys and remove expired ones.
+        self.secret_keys: _t.List[bytes] = _make_keys_list(secret_key)
+
+        if salt is not None:
+            salt = want_bytes(salt)
+            # if salt is None then the signer's default is used
+
+        self.salt = salt
+
+        if serializer is None:
+            serializer = self.default_serializer
+
+        self.serializer: _t.Any = serializer
+        self.is_text_serializer: bool = is_text_serializer(serializer)
+
+        if signer is None:
+            signer = self.default_signer
+
+        self.signer: _t_signer = signer
+        self.signer_kwargs: _t_kwargs = signer_kwargs or {}
+
+        if fallback_signers is None:
+            fallback_signers = list(self.default_fallback_signers or ())
+
+        self.fallback_signers: _t_fallbacks = fallback_signers
+        self.serializer_kwargs: _t_kwargs = serializer_kwargs or {}
+
+    @property
+    def secret_key(self) -> bytes:
+        """The newest (last) entry in the :attr:`secret_keys` list. This
+        is for compatibility from before key rotation support was added.
+        """
+        return self.secret_keys[-1]
+
+    def load_payload(
+        self, payload: bytes, serializer: _t.Optional[_t.Any] = None
+    ) -> _t.Any:
+        """Loads the encoded object. This function raises
+        :class:`.BadPayload` if the payload is not valid. The
+        ``serializer`` parameter can be used to override the serializer
+        stored on the class. The encoded ``payload`` should always be
+        bytes.
+        """
+        if serializer is None:
+            serializer = self.serializer
+            is_text = self.is_text_serializer
+        else:
+            is_text = is_text_serializer(serializer)
+
+        try:
+            if is_text:
+                return serializer.loads(payload.decode("utf-8"))
+
+            return serializer.loads(payload)
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise BadPayload(
+                "Could not load the payload because an exception"
+                " occurred on unserializing the data.",
+                original_error=e,
+            )
+
+    def dump_payload(self, obj: _t.Any) -> bytes:
+        """Dumps the encoded object. The return value is always bytes.
+        If the internal serializer returns text, the value will be
+        encoded as UTF-8.
+        """
+        return want_bytes(self.serializer.dumps(obj, **self.serializer_kwargs))
+
+    def make_signer(self, salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None) -> Signer:
+        """Creates a new instance of the signer to be used. The default
+        implementation uses the :class:`.Signer` base class.
+        """
+        if salt is None:
+            salt = self.salt
+
+        return self.signer(self.secret_keys, salt=salt, **self.signer_kwargs)
+
+    def iter_unsigners(self, salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None) -> _t.Iterator[Signer]:
+        """Iterates over all signers to be tried for unsigning. Starts
+        with the configured signer, then constructs each signer
+        specified in ``fallback_signers``.
+        """
+        if salt is None:
+            salt = self.salt
+
+        yield self.make_signer(salt)
+
+        for fallback in self.fallback_signers:
+            if isinstance(fallback, dict):
+                kwargs = fallback
+                fallback = self.signer
+            elif isinstance(fallback, tuple):
+                fallback, kwargs = fallback
+            else:
+                kwargs = self.signer_kwargs
+
+            for secret_key in self.secret_keys:
+                yield fallback(secret_key, salt=salt, **kwargs)
+
+    def dumps(self, obj: _t.Any, salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None) -> _t_str_bytes:
+        """Returns a signed string serialized with the internal
+        serializer. The return value can be either a byte or unicode
+        string depending on the format of the internal serializer.
+        """
+        payload = want_bytes(self.dump_payload(obj))
+        rv = self.make_signer(salt).sign(payload)
+
+        if self.is_text_serializer:
+            return rv.decode("utf-8")
+
+        return rv
+
+    def dump(self, obj: _t.Any, f: _t.IO, salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None) -> None:
+        """Like :meth:`dumps` but dumps into a file. The file handle has
+        to be compatible with what the internal serializer expects.
+        """
+        f.write(self.dumps(obj, salt))
+
+    def loads(
+        self, s: _t_str_bytes, salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None, **kwargs: _t.Any
+    ) -> _t.Any:
+        """Reverse of :meth:`dumps`. Raises :exc:`.BadSignature` if the
+        signature validation fails.
+        """
+        s = want_bytes(s)
+        last_exception = None
+
+        for signer in self.iter_unsigners(salt):
+            try:
+                return self.load_payload(signer.unsign(s))
+            except BadSignature as err:
+                last_exception = err
+
+        raise _t.cast(BadSignature, last_exception)
+
+    def load(self, f: _t.IO, salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None) -> _t.Any:
+        """Like :meth:`loads` but loads from a file."""
+        return self.loads(f.read(), salt)
+
+    def loads_unsafe(
+        self, s: _t_str_bytes, salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None
+    ) -> _t_load_unsafe:
+        """Like :meth:`loads` but without verifying the signature. This
+        is potentially very dangerous to use depending on how your
+        serializer works. The return value is ``(signature_valid,
+        payload)`` instead of just the payload. The first item will be a
+        boolean that indicates if the signature is valid. This function
+        never fails.
+
+        Use it for debugging only and if you know that your serializer
+        module is not exploitable (for example, do not use it with a
+        pickle serializer).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.15
+        """
+        return self._loads_unsafe_impl(s, salt)
+
+    def _loads_unsafe_impl(
+        self,
+        s: _t_str_bytes,
+        salt: _t_opt_str_bytes,
+        load_kwargs: _t_opt_kwargs = None,
+        load_payload_kwargs: _t_opt_kwargs = None,
+    ) -> _t_load_unsafe:
+        """Low level helper function to implement :meth:`loads_unsafe`
+        in serializer subclasses.
+        """
+        if load_kwargs is None:
+            load_kwargs = {}
+
+        try:
+            return True, self.loads(s, salt=salt, **load_kwargs)
+        except BadSignature as e:
+            if e.payload is None:
+                return False, None
+
+            if load_payload_kwargs is None:
+                load_payload_kwargs = {}
+
+            try:
+                return (
+                    False,
+                    self.load_payload(e.payload, **load_payload_kwargs),
+                )
+            except BadPayload:
+                return False, None
+
+    def load_unsafe(self, f: _t.IO, salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None) -> _t_load_unsafe:
+        """Like :meth:`loads_unsafe` but loads from a file.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.15
+        """
+        return self.loads_unsafe(f.read(), salt=salt)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/signer.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/signer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa12005
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/signer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+import hashlib
+import hmac
+import typing as _t
+
+from .encoding import _base64_alphabet
+from .encoding import base64_decode
+from .encoding import base64_encode
+from .encoding import want_bytes
+from .exc import BadSignature
+
+_t_str_bytes = _t.Union[str, bytes]
+_t_opt_str_bytes = _t.Optional[_t_str_bytes]
+_t_secret_key = _t.Union[_t.Iterable[_t_str_bytes], _t_str_bytes]
+
+
+class SigningAlgorithm:
+    """Subclasses must implement :meth:`get_signature` to provide
+    signature generation functionality.
+    """
+
+    def get_signature(self, key: bytes, value: bytes) -> bytes:
+        """Returns the signature for the given key and value."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def verify_signature(self, key: bytes, value: bytes, sig: bytes) -> bool:
+        """Verifies the given signature matches the expected
+        signature.
+        """
+        return hmac.compare_digest(sig, self.get_signature(key, value))
+
+
+class NoneAlgorithm(SigningAlgorithm):
+    """Provides an algorithm that does not perform any signing and
+    returns an empty signature.
+    """
+
+    def get_signature(self, key: bytes, value: bytes) -> bytes:
+        return b""
+
+
+class HMACAlgorithm(SigningAlgorithm):
+    """Provides signature generation using HMACs."""
+
+    #: The digest method to use with the MAC algorithm. This defaults to
+    #: SHA1, but can be changed to any other function in the hashlib
+    #: module.
+    default_digest_method: _t.Any = staticmethod(hashlib.sha1)
+
+    def __init__(self, digest_method: _t.Any = None):
+        if digest_method is None:
+            digest_method = self.default_digest_method
+
+        self.digest_method: _t.Any = digest_method
+
+    def get_signature(self, key: bytes, value: bytes) -> bytes:
+        mac = hmac.new(key, msg=value, digestmod=self.digest_method)
+        return mac.digest()
+
+
+def _make_keys_list(secret_key: _t_secret_key) -> _t.List[bytes]:
+    if isinstance(secret_key, (str, bytes)):
+        return [want_bytes(secret_key)]
+
+    return [want_bytes(s) for s in secret_key]
+
+
+class Signer:
+    """A signer securely signs bytes, then unsigns them to verify that
+    the value hasn't been changed.
+
+    The secret key should be a random string of ``bytes`` and should not
+    be saved to code or version control. Different salts should be used
+    to distinguish signing in different contexts. See :doc:`/concepts`
+    for information about the security of the secret key and salt.
+
+    :param secret_key: The secret key to sign and verify with. Can be a
+        list of keys, oldest to newest, to support key rotation.
+    :param salt: Extra key to combine with ``secret_key`` to distinguish
+        signatures in different contexts.
+    :param sep: Separator between the signature and value.
+    :param key_derivation: How to derive the signing key from the secret
+        key and salt. Possible values are ``concat``, ``django-concat``,
+        or ``hmac``. Defaults to :attr:`default_key_derivation`, which
+        defaults to ``django-concat``.
+    :param digest_method: Hash function to use when generating the HMAC
+        signature. Defaults to :attr:`default_digest_method`, which
+        defaults to :func:`hashlib.sha1`. Note that the security of the
+        hash alone doesn't apply when used intermediately in HMAC.
+    :param algorithm: A :class:`SigningAlgorithm` instance to use
+        instead of building a default :class:`HMACAlgorithm` with the
+        ``digest_method``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Added support for key rotation by passing a list to
+        ``secret_key``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.18
+        ``algorithm`` was added as an argument to the class constructor.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.14
+        ``key_derivation`` and ``digest_method`` were added as arguments
+        to the class constructor.
+    """
+
+    #: The default digest method to use for the signer. The default is
+    #: :func:`hashlib.sha1`, but can be changed to any :mod:`hashlib` or
+    #: compatible object. Note that the security of the hash alone
+    #: doesn't apply when used intermediately in HMAC.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.14
+    default_digest_method: _t.Any = staticmethod(hashlib.sha1)
+
+    #: The default scheme to use to derive the signing key from the
+    #: secret key and salt. The default is ``django-concat``. Possible
+    #: values are ``concat``, ``django-concat``, and ``hmac``.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.14
+    default_key_derivation: str = "django-concat"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        secret_key: _t_secret_key,
+        salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = b"itsdangerous.Signer",
+        sep: _t_str_bytes = b".",
+        key_derivation: _t.Optional[str] = None,
+        digest_method: _t.Optional[_t.Any] = None,
+        algorithm: _t.Optional[SigningAlgorithm] = None,
+    ):
+        #: The list of secret keys to try for verifying signatures, from
+        #: oldest to newest. The newest (last) key is used for signing.
+        #:
+        #: This allows a key rotation system to keep a list of allowed
+        #: keys and remove expired ones.
+        self.secret_keys: _t.List[bytes] = _make_keys_list(secret_key)
+        self.sep: bytes = want_bytes(sep)
+
+        if self.sep in _base64_alphabet:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "The given separator cannot be used because it may be"
+                " contained in the signature itself. ASCII letters,"
+                " digits, and '-_=' must not be used."
+            )
+
+        if salt is not None:
+            salt = want_bytes(salt)
+        else:
+            salt = b"itsdangerous.Signer"
+
+        self.salt = salt
+
+        if key_derivation is None:
+            key_derivation = self.default_key_derivation
+
+        self.key_derivation: str = key_derivation
+
+        if digest_method is None:
+            digest_method = self.default_digest_method
+
+        self.digest_method: _t.Any = digest_method
+
+        if algorithm is None:
+            algorithm = HMACAlgorithm(self.digest_method)
+
+        self.algorithm: SigningAlgorithm = algorithm
+
+    @property
+    def secret_key(self) -> bytes:
+        """The newest (last) entry in the :attr:`secret_keys` list. This
+        is for compatibility from before key rotation support was added.
+        """
+        return self.secret_keys[-1]
+
+    def derive_key(self, secret_key: _t_opt_str_bytes = None) -> bytes:
+        """This method is called to derive the key. The default key
+        derivation choices can be overridden here. Key derivation is not
+        intended to be used as a security method to make a complex key
+        out of a short password. Instead you should use large random
+        secret keys.
+
+        :param secret_key: A specific secret key to derive from.
+            Defaults to the last item in :attr:`secret_keys`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            Added the ``secret_key`` parameter.
+        """
+        if secret_key is None:
+            secret_key = self.secret_keys[-1]
+        else:
+            secret_key = want_bytes(secret_key)
+
+        if self.key_derivation == "concat":
+            return _t.cast(bytes, self.digest_method(self.salt + secret_key).digest())
+        elif self.key_derivation == "django-concat":
+            return _t.cast(
+                bytes, self.digest_method(self.salt + b"signer" + secret_key).digest()
+            )
+        elif self.key_derivation == "hmac":
+            mac = hmac.new(secret_key, digestmod=self.digest_method)
+            mac.update(self.salt)
+            return mac.digest()
+        elif self.key_derivation == "none":
+            return secret_key
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("Unknown key derivation method")
+
+    def get_signature(self, value: _t_str_bytes) -> bytes:
+        """Returns the signature for the given value."""
+        value = want_bytes(value)
+        key = self.derive_key()
+        sig = self.algorithm.get_signature(key, value)
+        return base64_encode(sig)
+
+    def sign(self, value: _t_str_bytes) -> bytes:
+        """Signs the given string."""
+        value = want_bytes(value)
+        return value + self.sep + self.get_signature(value)
+
+    def verify_signature(self, value: _t_str_bytes, sig: _t_str_bytes) -> bool:
+        """Verifies the signature for the given value."""
+        try:
+            sig = base64_decode(sig)
+        except Exception:
+            return False
+
+        value = want_bytes(value)
+
+        for secret_key in reversed(self.secret_keys):
+            key = self.derive_key(secret_key)
+
+            if self.algorithm.verify_signature(key, value, sig):
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def unsign(self, signed_value: _t_str_bytes) -> bytes:
+        """Unsigns the given string."""
+        signed_value = want_bytes(signed_value)
+
+        if self.sep not in signed_value:
+            raise BadSignature(f"No {self.sep!r} found in value")
+
+        value, sig = signed_value.rsplit(self.sep, 1)
+
+        if self.verify_signature(value, sig):
+            return value
+
+        raise BadSignature(f"Signature {sig!r} does not match", payload=value)
+
+    def validate(self, signed_value: _t_str_bytes) -> bool:
+        """Only validates the given signed value. Returns ``True`` if
+        the signature exists and is valid.
+        """
+        try:
+            self.unsign(signed_value)
+            return True
+        except BadSignature:
+            return False
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/timed.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/timed.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ea957f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/timed.py
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+import time
+import typing
+import typing as _t
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timezone
+
+from .encoding import base64_decode
+from .encoding import base64_encode
+from .encoding import bytes_to_int
+from .encoding import int_to_bytes
+from .encoding import want_bytes
+from .exc import BadSignature
+from .exc import BadTimeSignature
+from .exc import SignatureExpired
+from .serializer import Serializer
+from .signer import Signer
+
+_t_str_bytes = _t.Union[str, bytes]
+_t_opt_str_bytes = _t.Optional[_t_str_bytes]
+_t_opt_int = _t.Optional[int]
+
+if _t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as _te
+
+
+class TimestampSigner(Signer):
+    """Works like the regular :class:`.Signer` but also records the time
+    of the signing and can be used to expire signatures. The
+    :meth:`unsign` method can raise :exc:`.SignatureExpired` if the
+    unsigning failed because the signature is expired.
+    """
+
+    def get_timestamp(self) -> int:
+        """Returns the current timestamp. The function must return an
+        integer.
+        """
+        return int(time.time())
+
+    def timestamp_to_datetime(self, ts: int) -> datetime:
+        """Convert the timestamp from :meth:`get_timestamp` into an
+        aware :class`datetime.datetime` in UTC.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The timestamp is returned as a timezone-aware ``datetime``
+            in UTC rather than a naive ``datetime`` assumed to be UTC.
+        """
+        return datetime.fromtimestamp(ts, tz=timezone.utc)
+
+    def sign(self, value: _t_str_bytes) -> bytes:
+        """Signs the given string and also attaches time information."""
+        value = want_bytes(value)
+        timestamp = base64_encode(int_to_bytes(self.get_timestamp()))
+        sep = want_bytes(self.sep)
+        value = value + sep + timestamp
+        return value + sep + self.get_signature(value)
+
+    # Ignore overlapping signatures check, return_timestamp is the only
+    # parameter that affects the return type.
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def unsign(  # type: ignore
+        self,
+        signed_value: _t_str_bytes,
+        max_age: _t_opt_int = None,
+        return_timestamp: "_te.Literal[False]" = False,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def unsign(
+        self,
+        signed_value: _t_str_bytes,
+        max_age: _t_opt_int = None,
+        return_timestamp: "_te.Literal[True]" = True,
+    ) -> _t.Tuple[bytes, datetime]:
+        ...
+
+    def unsign(
+        self,
+        signed_value: _t_str_bytes,
+        max_age: _t_opt_int = None,
+        return_timestamp: bool = False,
+    ) -> _t.Union[_t.Tuple[bytes, datetime], bytes]:
+        """Works like the regular :meth:`.Signer.unsign` but can also
+        validate the time. See the base docstring of the class for
+        the general behavior. If ``return_timestamp`` is ``True`` the
+        timestamp of the signature will be returned as an aware
+        :class:`datetime.datetime` object in UTC.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The timestamp is returned as a timezone-aware ``datetime``
+            in UTC rather than a naive ``datetime`` assumed to be UTC.
+        """
+        try:
+            result = super().unsign(signed_value)
+            sig_error = None
+        except BadSignature as e:
+            sig_error = e
+            result = e.payload or b""
+
+        sep = want_bytes(self.sep)
+
+        # If there is no timestamp in the result there is something
+        # seriously wrong. In case there was a signature error, we raise
+        # that one directly, otherwise we have a weird situation in
+        # which we shouldn't have come except someone uses a time-based
+        # serializer on non-timestamp data, so catch that.
+        if sep not in result:
+            if sig_error:
+                raise sig_error
+
+            raise BadTimeSignature("timestamp missing", payload=result)
+
+        value, ts_bytes = result.rsplit(sep, 1)
+        ts_int: _t_opt_int = None
+        ts_dt: _t.Optional[datetime] = None
+
+        try:
+            ts_int = bytes_to_int(base64_decode(ts_bytes))
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        # Signature is *not* okay. Raise a proper error now that we have
+        # split the value and the timestamp.
+        if sig_error is not None:
+            if ts_int is not None:
+                ts_dt = self.timestamp_to_datetime(ts_int)
+
+            raise BadTimeSignature(str(sig_error), payload=value, date_signed=ts_dt)
+
+        # Signature was okay but the timestamp is actually not there or
+        # malformed. Should not happen, but we handle it anyway.
+        if ts_int is None:
+            raise BadTimeSignature("Malformed timestamp", payload=value)
+
+        # Check timestamp is not older than max_age
+        if max_age is not None:
+            age = self.get_timestamp() - ts_int
+
+            if age > max_age:
+                raise SignatureExpired(
+                    f"Signature age {age} > {max_age} seconds",
+                    payload=value,
+                    date_signed=self.timestamp_to_datetime(ts_int),
+                )
+
+            if age < 0:
+                raise SignatureExpired(
+                    f"Signature age {age} < 0 seconds",
+                    payload=value,
+                    date_signed=self.timestamp_to_datetime(ts_int),
+                )
+
+        if return_timestamp:
+            return value, self.timestamp_to_datetime(ts_int)
+
+        return value
+
+    def validate(self, signed_value: _t_str_bytes, max_age: _t_opt_int = None) -> bool:
+        """Only validates the given signed value. Returns ``True`` if
+        the signature exists and is valid."""
+        try:
+            self.unsign(signed_value, max_age=max_age)
+            return True
+        except BadSignature:
+            return False
+
+
+class TimedSerializer(Serializer):
+    """Uses :class:`TimestampSigner` instead of the default
+    :class:`.Signer`.
+    """
+
+    default_signer: _t.Type[TimestampSigner] = TimestampSigner
+
+    def iter_unsigners(
+        self, salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None
+    ) -> _t.Iterator[TimestampSigner]:
+        return _t.cast("_t.Iterator[TimestampSigner]", super().iter_unsigners(salt))
+
+    # TODO: Signature is incompatible because parameters were added
+    #  before salt.
+
+    def loads(  # type: ignore
+        self,
+        s: _t_str_bytes,
+        max_age: _t_opt_int = None,
+        return_timestamp: bool = False,
+        salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None,
+    ) -> _t.Any:
+        """Reverse of :meth:`dumps`, raises :exc:`.BadSignature` if the
+        signature validation fails. If a ``max_age`` is provided it will
+        ensure the signature is not older than that time in seconds. In
+        case the signature is outdated, :exc:`.SignatureExpired` is
+        raised. All arguments are forwarded to the signer's
+        :meth:`~TimestampSigner.unsign` method.
+        """
+        s = want_bytes(s)
+        last_exception = None
+
+        for signer in self.iter_unsigners(salt):
+            try:
+                base64d, timestamp = signer.unsign(
+                    s, max_age=max_age, return_timestamp=True
+                )
+                payload = self.load_payload(base64d)
+
+                if return_timestamp:
+                    return payload, timestamp
+
+                return payload
+            except SignatureExpired:
+                # The signature was unsigned successfully but was
+                # expired. Do not try the next signer.
+                raise
+            except BadSignature as err:
+                last_exception = err
+
+        raise _t.cast(BadSignature, last_exception)
+
+    def loads_unsafe(  # type: ignore
+        self,
+        s: _t_str_bytes,
+        max_age: _t_opt_int = None,
+        salt: _t_opt_str_bytes = None,
+    ) -> _t.Tuple[bool, _t.Any]:
+        return self._loads_unsafe_impl(s, salt, load_kwargs={"max_age": max_age})
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/url_safe.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/url_safe.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f76fa24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/itsdangerous/url_safe.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+import typing as _t
+import zlib
+
+from ._json import _CompactJSON
+from .encoding import base64_decode
+from .encoding import base64_encode
+from .exc import BadPayload
+from .serializer import Serializer
+from .timed import TimedSerializer
+
+
+class URLSafeSerializerMixin(Serializer):
+    """Mixed in with a regular serializer it will attempt to zlib
+    compress the string to make it shorter if necessary. It will also
+    base64 encode the string so that it can safely be placed in a URL.
+    """
+
+    default_serializer = _CompactJSON
+
+    def load_payload(
+        self,
+        payload: bytes,
+        *args: _t.Any,
+        serializer: _t.Optional[_t.Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: _t.Any,
+    ) -> _t.Any:
+        decompress = False
+
+        if payload.startswith(b"."):
+            payload = payload[1:]
+            decompress = True
+
+        try:
+            json = base64_decode(payload)
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise BadPayload(
+                "Could not base64 decode the payload because of an exception",
+                original_error=e,
+            )
+
+        if decompress:
+            try:
+                json = zlib.decompress(json)
+            except Exception as e:
+                raise BadPayload(
+                    "Could not zlib decompress the payload before decoding the payload",
+                    original_error=e,
+                )
+
+        return super().load_payload(json, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def dump_payload(self, obj: _t.Any) -> bytes:
+        json = super().dump_payload(obj)
+        is_compressed = False
+        compressed = zlib.compress(json)
+
+        if len(compressed) < (len(json) - 1):
+            json = compressed
+            is_compressed = True
+
+        base64d = base64_encode(json)
+
+        if is_compressed:
+            base64d = b"." + base64d
+
+        return base64d
+
+
+class URLSafeSerializer(URLSafeSerializerMixin, Serializer):
+    """Works like :class:`.Serializer` but dumps and loads into a URL
+    safe string consisting of the upper and lowercase character of the
+    alphabet as well as ``'_'``, ``'-'`` and ``'.'``.
+    """
+
+
+class URLSafeTimedSerializer(URLSafeSerializerMixin, TimedSerializer):
+    """Works like :class:`.TimedSerializer` but dumps and loads into a
+    URL safe string consisting of the upper and lowercase character of
+    the alphabet as well as ``'_'``, ``'-'`` and ``'.'``.
+    """
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9d23fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""Jinja is a template engine written in pure Python. It provides a
+non-XML syntax that supports inline expressions and an optional
+sandboxed environment.
+"""
+from .bccache import BytecodeCache as BytecodeCache
+from .bccache import FileSystemBytecodeCache as FileSystemBytecodeCache
+from .bccache import MemcachedBytecodeCache as MemcachedBytecodeCache
+from .environment import Environment as Environment
+from .environment import Template as Template
+from .exceptions import TemplateAssertionError as TemplateAssertionError
+from .exceptions import TemplateError as TemplateError
+from .exceptions import TemplateNotFound as TemplateNotFound
+from .exceptions import TemplateRuntimeError as TemplateRuntimeError
+from .exceptions import TemplatesNotFound as TemplatesNotFound
+from .exceptions import TemplateSyntaxError as TemplateSyntaxError
+from .exceptions import UndefinedError as UndefinedError
+from .filters import contextfilter
+from .filters import environmentfilter
+from .filters import evalcontextfilter
+from .loaders import BaseLoader as BaseLoader
+from .loaders import ChoiceLoader as ChoiceLoader
+from .loaders import DictLoader as DictLoader
+from .loaders import FileSystemLoader as FileSystemLoader
+from .loaders import FunctionLoader as FunctionLoader
+from .loaders import ModuleLoader as ModuleLoader
+from .loaders import PackageLoader as PackageLoader
+from .loaders import PrefixLoader as PrefixLoader
+from .runtime import ChainableUndefined as ChainableUndefined
+from .runtime import DebugUndefined as DebugUndefined
+from .runtime import make_logging_undefined as make_logging_undefined
+from .runtime import StrictUndefined as StrictUndefined
+from .runtime import Undefined as Undefined
+from .utils import clear_caches as clear_caches
+from .utils import contextfunction
+from .utils import environmentfunction
+from .utils import escape
+from .utils import evalcontextfunction
+from .utils import is_undefined as is_undefined
+from .utils import Markup
+from .utils import pass_context as pass_context
+from .utils import pass_environment as pass_environment
+from .utils import pass_eval_context as pass_eval_context
+from .utils import select_autoescape as select_autoescape
+
+__version__ = "3.0.2"
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/_identifier.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/_identifier.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..224d544
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/_identifier.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import re
+
+# generated by scripts/generate_identifier_pattern.py
+pattern = re.compile(
+    r"[\w·̀-ͯ·҃-֑҇-ׇֽֿׁׂׅׄؐ-ًؚ-ٰٟۖ-ۜ۟-۪ۤۧۨ-ܑۭܰ-݊ަ-ް߫-߳ࠖ-࠙ࠛ-ࠣࠥ-ࠧࠩ-࡙࠭-࡛ࣔ-ࣣ࣡-ःऺ-़ा-ॏ॑-ॗॢॣঁ-ঃ়া-ৄেৈো-্ৗৢৣਁ-ਃ਼ਾ-ੂੇੈੋ-੍ੑੰੱੵઁ-ઃ઼ા-ૅે-ૉો-્ૢૣଁ-ଃ଼ା-ୄେୈୋ-୍ୖୗୢୣஂா-ூெ-ைொ-்ௗఀ-ఃా-ౄె-ైొ-్ౕౖౢౣಁ-ಃ಼ಾ-ೄೆ-ೈೊ-್ೕೖೢೣഁ-ഃാ-ൄെ-ൈൊ-്ൗൢൣංඃ්ා-ුූෘ-ෟෲෳัิ-ฺ็-๎ັິ-ູົຼ່-ໍ༹༘༙༵༷༾༿ཱ-྄྆྇ྍ-ྗྙ-ྼ࿆ါ-ှၖ-ၙၞ-ၠၢ-ၤၧ-ၭၱ-ၴႂ-ႍႏႚ-ႝ፝-፟ᜒ-᜔ᜲ-᜴ᝒᝓᝲᝳ឴-៓៝᠋-᠍ᢅᢆᢩᤠ-ᤫᤰ-᤻ᨗ-ᨛᩕ-ᩞ᩠-᩿᩼᪰-᪽ᬀ-ᬄ᬴-᭄᭫-᭳ᮀ-ᮂᮡ-ᮭ᯦-᯳ᰤ-᰷᳐-᳔᳒-᳨᳭ᳲ-᳴᳸᳹᷀-᷵᷻-᷿‿⁀⁔⃐-⃥⃜⃡-⃰℘℮⳯-⵿⳱ⷠ-〪ⷿ-゙゚〯꙯ꙴ-꙽ꚞꚟ꛰꛱ꠂ꠆ꠋꠣ-ꠧꢀꢁꢴ-ꣅ꣠-꣱ꤦ-꤭ꥇ-꥓ꦀ-ꦃ꦳-꧀ꧥꨩ-ꨶꩃꩌꩍꩻ-ꩽꪰꪲ-ꪴꪷꪸꪾ꪿꫁ꫫ-ꫯꫵ꫶ꯣ-ꯪ꯬꯭ﬞ︀-️︠-︯︳︴﹍-﹏＿𐇽𐋠𐍶-𐍺𐨁-𐨃𐨅𐨆𐨌-𐨏𐨸-𐨿𐨺𐫦𐫥𑀀-𑀂𑀸-𑁆𑁿-𑂂𑂰-𑂺𑄀-𑄂𑄧-𑅳𑄴𑆀-𑆂𑆳-𑇊𑇀-𑇌𑈬-𑈷𑈾𑋟-𑋪𑌀-𑌃𑌼𑌾-𑍄𑍇𑍈𑍋-𑍍𑍗𑍢𑍣𑍦-𑍬𑍰-𑍴𑐵-𑑆𑒰-𑓃𑖯-𑖵𑖸-𑗀𑗜𑗝𑘰-𑙀𑚫-𑚷𑜝-𑜫𑰯-𑰶𑰸-𑰿𑲒-𑲧𑲩-𑲶𖫰-𖫴𖬰-𖬶𖽑-𖽾𖾏-𖾒𛲝𛲞𝅥-𝅩𝅭-𝅲𝅻-𝆂𝆅-𝆋𝆪-𝆭𝉂-𝉄𝨀-𝨶𝨻-𝩬𝩵𝪄𝪛-𝪟𝪡-𝪯𞀀-𞀆𞀈-𞀘𞀛-𞀡𞀣𞀤𞀦-𞣐𞀪-𞣖𞥄-𞥊󠄀-󠇯]+"  # noqa: B950
+)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/async_utils.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/async_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cedd7ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/async_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+import inspect
+import typing as t
+from functools import wraps
+
+from .utils import _PassArg
+from .utils import pass_eval_context
+
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+
+def async_variant(normal_func):  # type: ignore
+    def decorator(async_func):  # type: ignore
+        pass_arg = _PassArg.from_obj(normal_func)
+        need_eval_context = pass_arg is None
+
+        if pass_arg is _PassArg.environment:
+
+            def is_async(args: t.Any) -> bool:
+                return t.cast(bool, args[0].is_async)
+
+        else:
+
+            def is_async(args: t.Any) -> bool:
+                return t.cast(bool, args[0].environment.is_async)
+
+        @wraps(normal_func)
+        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+            b = is_async(args)
+
+            if need_eval_context:
+                args = args[1:]
+
+            if b:
+                return async_func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+            return normal_func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        if need_eval_context:
+            wrapper = pass_eval_context(wrapper)
+
+        wrapper.jinja_async_variant = True
+        return wrapper
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+async def auto_await(value: t.Union[t.Awaitable["V"], "V"]) -> "V":
+    if inspect.isawaitable(value):
+        return await t.cast("t.Awaitable[V]", value)
+
+    return t.cast("V", value)
+
+
+async def auto_aiter(
+    iterable: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]",
+) -> "t.AsyncIterator[V]":
+    if hasattr(iterable, "__aiter__"):
+        async for item in t.cast("t.AsyncIterable[V]", iterable):
+            yield item
+    else:
+        for item in t.cast("t.Iterable[V]", iterable):
+            yield item
+
+
+async def auto_to_list(
+    value: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]",
+) -> t.List["V"]:
+    return [x async for x in auto_aiter(value)]
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/bccache.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/bccache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bb61b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/bccache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+"""The optional bytecode cache system. This is useful if you have very
+complex template situations and the compilation of all those templates
+slows down your application too much.
+
+Situations where this is useful are often forking web applications that
+are initialized on the first request.
+"""
+import errno
+import fnmatch
+import marshal
+import os
+import pickle
+import stat
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import typing as t
+from hashlib import sha1
+from io import BytesIO
+from types import CodeType
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .environment import Environment
+
+    class _MemcachedClient(te.Protocol):
+        def get(self, key: str) -> bytes:
+            ...
+
+        def set(self, key: str, value: bytes, timeout: t.Optional[int] = None) -> None:
+            ...
+
+
+bc_version = 5
+# Magic bytes to identify Jinja bytecode cache files. Contains the
+# Python major and minor version to avoid loading incompatible bytecode
+# if a project upgrades its Python version.
+bc_magic = (
+    b"j2"
+    + pickle.dumps(bc_version, 2)
+    + pickle.dumps((sys.version_info[0] << 24) | sys.version_info[1], 2)
+)
+
+
+class Bucket:
+    """Buckets are used to store the bytecode for one template.  It's created
+    and initialized by the bytecode cache and passed to the loading functions.
+
+    The buckets get an internal checksum from the cache assigned and use this
+    to automatically reject outdated cache material.  Individual bytecode
+    cache subclasses don't have to care about cache invalidation.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, environment: "Environment", key: str, checksum: str) -> None:
+        self.environment = environment
+        self.key = key
+        self.checksum = checksum
+        self.reset()
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        """Resets the bucket (unloads the bytecode)."""
+        self.code: t.Optional[CodeType] = None
+
+    def load_bytecode(self, f: t.BinaryIO) -> None:
+        """Loads bytecode from a file or file like object."""
+        # make sure the magic header is correct
+        magic = f.read(len(bc_magic))
+        if magic != bc_magic:
+            self.reset()
+            return
+        # the source code of the file changed, we need to reload
+        checksum = pickle.load(f)
+        if self.checksum != checksum:
+            self.reset()
+            return
+        # if marshal_load fails then we need to reload
+        try:
+            self.code = marshal.load(f)
+        except (EOFError, ValueError, TypeError):
+            self.reset()
+            return
+
+    def write_bytecode(self, f: t.BinaryIO) -> None:
+        """Dump the bytecode into the file or file like object passed."""
+        if self.code is None:
+            raise TypeError("can't write empty bucket")
+        f.write(bc_magic)
+        pickle.dump(self.checksum, f, 2)
+        marshal.dump(self.code, f)
+
+    def bytecode_from_string(self, string: bytes) -> None:
+        """Load bytecode from bytes."""
+        self.load_bytecode(BytesIO(string))
+
+    def bytecode_to_string(self) -> bytes:
+        """Return the bytecode as bytes."""
+        out = BytesIO()
+        self.write_bytecode(out)
+        return out.getvalue()
+
+
+class BytecodeCache:
+    """To implement your own bytecode cache you have to subclass this class
+    and override :meth:`load_bytecode` and :meth:`dump_bytecode`.  Both of
+    these methods are passed a :class:`~jinja2.bccache.Bucket`.
+
+    A very basic bytecode cache that saves the bytecode on the file system::
+
+        from os import path
+
+        class MyCache(BytecodeCache):
+
+            def __init__(self, directory):
+                self.directory = directory
+
+            def load_bytecode(self, bucket):
+                filename = path.join(self.directory, bucket.key)
+                if path.exists(filename):
+                    with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+                        bucket.load_bytecode(f)
+
+            def dump_bytecode(self, bucket):
+                filename = path.join(self.directory, bucket.key)
+                with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
+                    bucket.write_bytecode(f)
+
+    A more advanced version of a filesystem based bytecode cache is part of
+    Jinja.
+    """
+
+    def load_bytecode(self, bucket: Bucket) -> None:
+        """Subclasses have to override this method to load bytecode into a
+        bucket.  If they are not able to find code in the cache for the
+        bucket, it must not do anything.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def dump_bytecode(self, bucket: Bucket) -> None:
+        """Subclasses have to override this method to write the bytecode
+        from a bucket back to the cache.  If it unable to do so it must not
+        fail silently but raise an exception.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        """Clears the cache.  This method is not used by Jinja but should be
+        implemented to allow applications to clear the bytecode cache used
+        by a particular environment.
+        """
+
+    def get_cache_key(
+        self, name: str, filename: t.Optional[t.Union[str]] = None
+    ) -> str:
+        """Returns the unique hash key for this template name."""
+        hash = sha1(name.encode("utf-8"))
+
+        if filename is not None:
+            hash.update(f"|{filename}".encode())
+
+        return hash.hexdigest()
+
+    def get_source_checksum(self, source: str) -> str:
+        """Returns a checksum for the source."""
+        return sha1(source.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
+
+    def get_bucket(
+        self,
+        environment: "Environment",
+        name: str,
+        filename: t.Optional[str],
+        source: str,
+    ) -> Bucket:
+        """Return a cache bucket for the given template.  All arguments are
+        mandatory but filename may be `None`.
+        """
+        key = self.get_cache_key(name, filename)
+        checksum = self.get_source_checksum(source)
+        bucket = Bucket(environment, key, checksum)
+        self.load_bytecode(bucket)
+        return bucket
+
+    def set_bucket(self, bucket: Bucket) -> None:
+        """Put the bucket into the cache."""
+        self.dump_bytecode(bucket)
+
+
+class FileSystemBytecodeCache(BytecodeCache):
+    """A bytecode cache that stores bytecode on the filesystem.  It accepts
+    two arguments: The directory where the cache items are stored and a
+    pattern string that is used to build the filename.
+
+    If no directory is specified a default cache directory is selected.  On
+    Windows the user's temp directory is used, on UNIX systems a directory
+    is created for the user in the system temp directory.
+
+    The pattern can be used to have multiple separate caches operate on the
+    same directory.  The default pattern is ``'__jinja2_%s.cache'``.  ``%s``
+    is replaced with the cache key.
+
+    >>> bcc = FileSystemBytecodeCache('/tmp/jinja_cache', '%s.cache')
+
+    This bytecode cache supports clearing of the cache using the clear method.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, directory: t.Optional[str] = None, pattern: str = "__jinja2_%s.cache"
+    ) -> None:
+        if directory is None:
+            directory = self._get_default_cache_dir()
+        self.directory = directory
+        self.pattern = pattern
+
+    def _get_default_cache_dir(self) -> str:
+        def _unsafe_dir() -> "te.NoReturn":
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Cannot determine safe temp directory.  You "
+                "need to explicitly provide one."
+            )
+
+        tmpdir = tempfile.gettempdir()
+
+        # On windows the temporary directory is used specific unless
+        # explicitly forced otherwise.  We can just use that.
+        if os.name == "nt":
+            return tmpdir
+        if not hasattr(os, "getuid"):
+            _unsafe_dir()
+
+        dirname = f"_jinja2-cache-{os.getuid()}"
+        actual_dir = os.path.join(tmpdir, dirname)
+
+        try:
+            os.mkdir(actual_dir, stat.S_IRWXU)
+        except OSError as e:
+            if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
+                raise
+        try:
+            os.chmod(actual_dir, stat.S_IRWXU)
+            actual_dir_stat = os.lstat(actual_dir)
+            if (
+                actual_dir_stat.st_uid != os.getuid()
+                or not stat.S_ISDIR(actual_dir_stat.st_mode)
+                or stat.S_IMODE(actual_dir_stat.st_mode) != stat.S_IRWXU
+            ):
+                _unsafe_dir()
+        except OSError as e:
+            if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
+                raise
+
+        actual_dir_stat = os.lstat(actual_dir)
+        if (
+            actual_dir_stat.st_uid != os.getuid()
+            or not stat.S_ISDIR(actual_dir_stat.st_mode)
+            or stat.S_IMODE(actual_dir_stat.st_mode) != stat.S_IRWXU
+        ):
+            _unsafe_dir()
+
+        return actual_dir
+
+    def _get_cache_filename(self, bucket: Bucket) -> str:
+        return os.path.join(self.directory, self.pattern % (bucket.key,))
+
+    def load_bytecode(self, bucket: Bucket) -> None:
+        filename = self._get_cache_filename(bucket)
+
+        if os.path.exists(filename):
+            with open(filename, "rb") as f:
+                bucket.load_bytecode(f)
+
+    def dump_bytecode(self, bucket: Bucket) -> None:
+        with open(self._get_cache_filename(bucket), "wb") as f:
+            bucket.write_bytecode(f)
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        # imported lazily here because google app-engine doesn't support
+        # write access on the file system and the function does not exist
+        # normally.
+        from os import remove
+
+        files = fnmatch.filter(os.listdir(self.directory), self.pattern % ("*",))
+        for filename in files:
+            try:
+                remove(os.path.join(self.directory, filename))
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+
+
+class MemcachedBytecodeCache(BytecodeCache):
+    """This class implements a bytecode cache that uses a memcache cache for
+    storing the information.  It does not enforce a specific memcache library
+    (tummy's memcache or cmemcache) but will accept any class that provides
+    the minimal interface required.
+
+    Libraries compatible with this class:
+
+    -   `cachelib <https://github.com/pallets/cachelib>`_
+    -   `python-memcached <https://pypi.org/project/python-memcached/>`_
+
+    (Unfortunately the django cache interface is not compatible because it
+    does not support storing binary data, only text. You can however pass
+    the underlying cache client to the bytecode cache which is available
+    as `django.core.cache.cache._client`.)
+
+    The minimal interface for the client passed to the constructor is this:
+
+    .. class:: MinimalClientInterface
+
+        .. method:: set(key, value[, timeout])
+
+            Stores the bytecode in the cache.  `value` is a string and
+            `timeout` the timeout of the key.  If timeout is not provided
+            a default timeout or no timeout should be assumed, if it's
+            provided it's an integer with the number of seconds the cache
+            item should exist.
+
+        .. method:: get(key)
+
+            Returns the value for the cache key.  If the item does not
+            exist in the cache the return value must be `None`.
+
+    The other arguments to the constructor are the prefix for all keys that
+    is added before the actual cache key and the timeout for the bytecode in
+    the cache system.  We recommend a high (or no) timeout.
+
+    This bytecode cache does not support clearing of used items in the cache.
+    The clear method is a no-operation function.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.7
+       Added support for ignoring memcache errors through the
+       `ignore_memcache_errors` parameter.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        client: "_MemcachedClient",
+        prefix: str = "jinja2/bytecode/",
+        timeout: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        ignore_memcache_errors: bool = True,
+    ):
+        self.client = client
+        self.prefix = prefix
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.ignore_memcache_errors = ignore_memcache_errors
+
+    def load_bytecode(self, bucket: Bucket) -> None:
+        try:
+            code = self.client.get(self.prefix + bucket.key)
+        except Exception:
+            if not self.ignore_memcache_errors:
+                raise
+        else:
+            bucket.bytecode_from_string(code)
+
+    def dump_bytecode(self, bucket: Bucket) -> None:
+        key = self.prefix + bucket.key
+        value = bucket.bytecode_to_string()
+
+        try:
+            if self.timeout is not None:
+                self.client.set(key, value, self.timeout)
+            else:
+                self.client.set(key, value)
+        except Exception:
+            if not self.ignore_memcache_errors:
+                raise
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/compiler.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/compiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..52fd5b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/compiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1957 @@
+"""Compiles nodes from the parser into Python code."""
+import typing as t
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from io import StringIO
+from itertools import chain
+from keyword import iskeyword as is_python_keyword
+
+from markupsafe import escape
+from markupsafe import Markup
+
+from . import nodes
+from .exceptions import TemplateAssertionError
+from .idtracking import Symbols
+from .idtracking import VAR_LOAD_ALIAS
+from .idtracking import VAR_LOAD_PARAMETER
+from .idtracking import VAR_LOAD_RESOLVE
+from .idtracking import VAR_LOAD_UNDEFINED
+from .nodes import EvalContext
+from .optimizer import Optimizer
+from .utils import _PassArg
+from .utils import concat
+from .visitor import NodeVisitor
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .environment import Environment
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+
+operators = {
+    "eq": "==",
+    "ne": "!=",
+    "gt": ">",
+    "gteq": ">=",
+    "lt": "<",
+    "lteq": "<=",
+    "in": "in",
+    "notin": "not in",
+}
+
+
+def optimizeconst(f: F) -> F:
+    def new_func(
+        self: "CodeGenerator", node: nodes.Expr, frame: "Frame", **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        # Only optimize if the frame is not volatile
+        if self.optimizer is not None and not frame.eval_ctx.volatile:
+            new_node = self.optimizer.visit(node, frame.eval_ctx)
+
+            if new_node != node:
+                return self.visit(new_node, frame)
+
+        return f(self, node, frame, **kwargs)
+
+    return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, new_func), f)
+
+
+def _make_binop(op: str) -> t.Callable[["CodeGenerator", nodes.BinExpr, "Frame"], None]:
+    @optimizeconst
+    def visitor(self: "CodeGenerator", node: nodes.BinExpr, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        if (
+            self.environment.sandboxed
+            and op in self.environment.intercepted_binops  # type: ignore
+        ):
+            self.write(f"environment.call_binop(context, {op!r}, ")
+            self.visit(node.left, frame)
+            self.write(", ")
+            self.visit(node.right, frame)
+        else:
+            self.write("(")
+            self.visit(node.left, frame)
+            self.write(f" {op} ")
+            self.visit(node.right, frame)
+
+        self.write(")")
+
+    return visitor
+
+
+def _make_unop(
+    op: str,
+) -> t.Callable[["CodeGenerator", nodes.UnaryExpr, "Frame"], None]:
+    @optimizeconst
+    def visitor(self: "CodeGenerator", node: nodes.UnaryExpr, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        if (
+            self.environment.sandboxed
+            and op in self.environment.intercepted_unops  # type: ignore
+        ):
+            self.write(f"environment.call_unop(context, {op!r}, ")
+            self.visit(node.node, frame)
+        else:
+            self.write("(" + op)
+            self.visit(node.node, frame)
+
+        self.write(")")
+
+    return visitor
+
+
+def generate(
+    node: nodes.Template,
+    environment: "Environment",
+    name: t.Optional[str],
+    filename: t.Optional[str],
+    stream: t.Optional[t.TextIO] = None,
+    defer_init: bool = False,
+    optimized: bool = True,
+) -> t.Optional[str]:
+    """Generate the python source for a node tree."""
+    if not isinstance(node, nodes.Template):
+        raise TypeError("Can't compile non template nodes")
+
+    generator = environment.code_generator_class(
+        environment, name, filename, stream, defer_init, optimized
+    )
+    generator.visit(node)
+
+    if stream is None:
+        return generator.stream.getvalue()  # type: ignore
+
+    return None
+
+
+def has_safe_repr(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Does the node have a safe representation?"""
+    if value is None or value is NotImplemented or value is Ellipsis:
+        return True
+
+    if type(value) in {bool, int, float, complex, range, str, Markup}:
+        return True
+
+    if type(value) in {tuple, list, set, frozenset}:
+        return all(has_safe_repr(v) for v in value)
+
+    if type(value) is dict:
+        return all(has_safe_repr(k) and has_safe_repr(v) for k, v in value.items())
+
+    return False
+
+
+def find_undeclared(
+    nodes: t.Iterable[nodes.Node], names: t.Iterable[str]
+) -> t.Set[str]:
+    """Check if the names passed are accessed undeclared.  The return value
+    is a set of all the undeclared names from the sequence of names found.
+    """
+    visitor = UndeclaredNameVisitor(names)
+    try:
+        for node in nodes:
+            visitor.visit(node)
+    except VisitorExit:
+        pass
+    return visitor.undeclared
+
+
+class MacroRef:
+    def __init__(self, node: t.Union[nodes.Macro, nodes.CallBlock]) -> None:
+        self.node = node
+        self.accesses_caller = False
+        self.accesses_kwargs = False
+        self.accesses_varargs = False
+
+
+class Frame:
+    """Holds compile time information for us."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        eval_ctx: EvalContext,
+        parent: t.Optional["Frame"] = None,
+        level: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.eval_ctx = eval_ctx
+
+        # the parent of this frame
+        self.parent = parent
+
+        if parent is None:
+            self.symbols = Symbols(level=level)
+
+            # in some dynamic inheritance situations the compiler needs to add
+            # write tests around output statements.
+            self.require_output_check = False
+
+            # inside some tags we are using a buffer rather than yield statements.
+            # this for example affects {% filter %} or {% macro %}.  If a frame
+            # is buffered this variable points to the name of the list used as
+            # buffer.
+            self.buffer: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+            # the name of the block we're in, otherwise None.
+            self.block: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+        else:
+            self.symbols = Symbols(parent.symbols, level=level)
+            self.require_output_check = parent.require_output_check
+            self.buffer = parent.buffer
+            self.block = parent.block
+
+        # a toplevel frame is the root + soft frames such as if conditions.
+        self.toplevel = False
+
+        # the root frame is basically just the outermost frame, so no if
+        # conditions.  This information is used to optimize inheritance
+        # situations.
+        self.rootlevel = False
+
+        # variables set inside of loops and blocks should not affect outer frames,
+        # but they still needs to be kept track of as part of the active context.
+        self.loop_frame = False
+        self.block_frame = False
+
+        # track whether the frame is being used in an if-statement or conditional
+        # expression as it determines which errors should be raised during runtime
+        # or compile time.
+        self.soft_frame = False
+
+    def copy(self) -> "Frame":
+        """Create a copy of the current one."""
+        rv = t.cast(Frame, object.__new__(self.__class__))
+        rv.__dict__.update(self.__dict__)
+        rv.symbols = self.symbols.copy()
+        return rv
+
+    def inner(self, isolated: bool = False) -> "Frame":
+        """Return an inner frame."""
+        if isolated:
+            return Frame(self.eval_ctx, level=self.symbols.level + 1)
+        return Frame(self.eval_ctx, self)
+
+    def soft(self) -> "Frame":
+        """Return a soft frame.  A soft frame may not be modified as
+        standalone thing as it shares the resources with the frame it
+        was created of, but it's not a rootlevel frame any longer.
+
+        This is only used to implement if-statements and conditional
+        expressions.
+        """
+        rv = self.copy()
+        rv.rootlevel = False
+        rv.soft_frame = True
+        return rv
+
+    __copy__ = copy
+
+
+class VisitorExit(RuntimeError):
+    """Exception used by the `UndeclaredNameVisitor` to signal a stop."""
+
+
+class DependencyFinderVisitor(NodeVisitor):
+    """A visitor that collects filter and test calls."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.filters: t.Set[str] = set()
+        self.tests: t.Set[str] = set()
+
+    def visit_Filter(self, node: nodes.Filter) -> None:
+        self.generic_visit(node)
+        self.filters.add(node.name)
+
+    def visit_Test(self, node: nodes.Test) -> None:
+        self.generic_visit(node)
+        self.tests.add(node.name)
+
+    def visit_Block(self, node: nodes.Block) -> None:
+        """Stop visiting at blocks."""
+
+
+class UndeclaredNameVisitor(NodeVisitor):
+    """A visitor that checks if a name is accessed without being
+    declared.  This is different from the frame visitor as it will
+    not stop at closure frames.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, names: t.Iterable[str]) -> None:
+        self.names = set(names)
+        self.undeclared: t.Set[str] = set()
+
+    def visit_Name(self, node: nodes.Name) -> None:
+        if node.ctx == "load" and node.name in self.names:
+            self.undeclared.add(node.name)
+            if self.undeclared == self.names:
+                raise VisitorExit()
+        else:
+            self.names.discard(node.name)
+
+    def visit_Block(self, node: nodes.Block) -> None:
+        """Stop visiting a blocks."""
+
+
+class CompilerExit(Exception):
+    """Raised if the compiler encountered a situation where it just
+    doesn't make sense to further process the code.  Any block that
+    raises such an exception is not further processed.
+    """
+
+
+class CodeGenerator(NodeVisitor):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        environment: "Environment",
+        name: t.Optional[str],
+        filename: t.Optional[str],
+        stream: t.Optional[t.TextIO] = None,
+        defer_init: bool = False,
+        optimized: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        if stream is None:
+            stream = StringIO()
+        self.environment = environment
+        self.name = name
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.stream = stream
+        self.created_block_context = False
+        self.defer_init = defer_init
+        self.optimizer: t.Optional[Optimizer] = None
+
+        if optimized:
+            self.optimizer = Optimizer(environment)
+
+        # aliases for imports
+        self.import_aliases: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
+
+        # a registry for all blocks.  Because blocks are moved out
+        # into the global python scope they are registered here
+        self.blocks: t.Dict[str, nodes.Block] = {}
+
+        # the number of extends statements so far
+        self.extends_so_far = 0
+
+        # some templates have a rootlevel extends.  In this case we
+        # can safely assume that we're a child template and do some
+        # more optimizations.
+        self.has_known_extends = False
+
+        # the current line number
+        self.code_lineno = 1
+
+        # registry of all filters and tests (global, not block local)
+        self.tests: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
+        self.filters: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
+
+        # the debug information
+        self.debug_info: t.List[t.Tuple[int, int]] = []
+        self._write_debug_info: t.Optional[int] = None
+
+        # the number of new lines before the next write()
+        self._new_lines = 0
+
+        # the line number of the last written statement
+        self._last_line = 0
+
+        # true if nothing was written so far.
+        self._first_write = True
+
+        # used by the `temporary_identifier` method to get new
+        # unique, temporary identifier
+        self._last_identifier = 0
+
+        # the current indentation
+        self._indentation = 0
+
+        # Tracks toplevel assignments
+        self._assign_stack: t.List[t.Set[str]] = []
+
+        # Tracks parameter definition blocks
+        self._param_def_block: t.List[t.Set[str]] = []
+
+        # Tracks the current context.
+        self._context_reference_stack = ["context"]
+
+    @property
+    def optimized(self) -> bool:
+        return self.optimizer is not None
+
+    # -- Various compilation helpers
+
+    def fail(self, msg: str, lineno: int) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        """Fail with a :exc:`TemplateAssertionError`."""
+        raise TemplateAssertionError(msg, lineno, self.name, self.filename)
+
+    def temporary_identifier(self) -> str:
+        """Get a new unique identifier."""
+        self._last_identifier += 1
+        return f"t_{self._last_identifier}"
+
+    def buffer(self, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Enable buffering for the frame from that point onwards."""
+        frame.buffer = self.temporary_identifier()
+        self.writeline(f"{frame.buffer} = []")
+
+    def return_buffer_contents(
+        self, frame: Frame, force_unescaped: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """Return the buffer contents of the frame."""
+        if not force_unescaped:
+            if frame.eval_ctx.volatile:
+                self.writeline("if context.eval_ctx.autoescape:")
+                self.indent()
+                self.writeline(f"return Markup(concat({frame.buffer}))")
+                self.outdent()
+                self.writeline("else:")
+                self.indent()
+                self.writeline(f"return concat({frame.buffer})")
+                self.outdent()
+                return
+            elif frame.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+                self.writeline(f"return Markup(concat({frame.buffer}))")
+                return
+        self.writeline(f"return concat({frame.buffer})")
+
+    def indent(self) -> None:
+        """Indent by one."""
+        self._indentation += 1
+
+    def outdent(self, step: int = 1) -> None:
+        """Outdent by step."""
+        self._indentation -= step
+
+    def start_write(self, frame: Frame, node: t.Optional[nodes.Node] = None) -> None:
+        """Yield or write into the frame buffer."""
+        if frame.buffer is None:
+            self.writeline("yield ", node)
+        else:
+            self.writeline(f"{frame.buffer}.append(", node)
+
+    def end_write(self, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """End the writing process started by `start_write`."""
+        if frame.buffer is not None:
+            self.write(")")
+
+    def simple_write(
+        self, s: str, frame: Frame, node: t.Optional[nodes.Node] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Simple shortcut for start_write + write + end_write."""
+        self.start_write(frame, node)
+        self.write(s)
+        self.end_write(frame)
+
+    def blockvisit(self, nodes: t.Iterable[nodes.Node], frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Visit a list of nodes as block in a frame.  If the current frame
+        is no buffer a dummy ``if 0: yield None`` is written automatically.
+        """
+        try:
+            self.writeline("pass")
+            for node in nodes:
+                self.visit(node, frame)
+        except CompilerExit:
+            pass
+
+    def write(self, x: str) -> None:
+        """Write a string into the output stream."""
+        if self._new_lines:
+            if not self._first_write:
+                self.stream.write("\n" * self._new_lines)
+                self.code_lineno += self._new_lines
+                if self._write_debug_info is not None:
+                    self.debug_info.append((self._write_debug_info, self.code_lineno))
+                    self._write_debug_info = None
+            self._first_write = False
+            self.stream.write("    " * self._indentation)
+            self._new_lines = 0
+        self.stream.write(x)
+
+    def writeline(
+        self, x: str, node: t.Optional[nodes.Node] = None, extra: int = 0
+    ) -> None:
+        """Combination of newline and write."""
+        self.newline(node, extra)
+        self.write(x)
+
+    def newline(self, node: t.Optional[nodes.Node] = None, extra: int = 0) -> None:
+        """Add one or more newlines before the next write."""
+        self._new_lines = max(self._new_lines, 1 + extra)
+        if node is not None and node.lineno != self._last_line:
+            self._write_debug_info = node.lineno
+            self._last_line = node.lineno
+
+    def signature(
+        self,
+        node: t.Union[nodes.Call, nodes.Filter, nodes.Test],
+        frame: Frame,
+        extra_kwargs: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Writes a function call to the stream for the current node.
+        A leading comma is added automatically.  The extra keyword
+        arguments may not include python keywords otherwise a syntax
+        error could occur.  The extra keyword arguments should be given
+        as python dict.
+        """
+        # if any of the given keyword arguments is a python keyword
+        # we have to make sure that no invalid call is created.
+        kwarg_workaround = any(
+            is_python_keyword(t.cast(str, k))
+            for k in chain((x.key for x in node.kwargs), extra_kwargs or ())
+        )
+
+        for arg in node.args:
+            self.write(", ")
+            self.visit(arg, frame)
+
+        if not kwarg_workaround:
+            for kwarg in node.kwargs:
+                self.write(", ")
+                self.visit(kwarg, frame)
+            if extra_kwargs is not None:
+                for key, value in extra_kwargs.items():
+                    self.write(f", {key}={value}")
+        if node.dyn_args:
+            self.write(", *")
+            self.visit(node.dyn_args, frame)
+
+        if kwarg_workaround:
+            if node.dyn_kwargs is not None:
+                self.write(", **dict({")
+            else:
+                self.write(", **{")
+            for kwarg in node.kwargs:
+                self.write(f"{kwarg.key!r}: ")
+                self.visit(kwarg.value, frame)
+                self.write(", ")
+            if extra_kwargs is not None:
+                for key, value in extra_kwargs.items():
+                    self.write(f"{key!r}: {value}, ")
+            if node.dyn_kwargs is not None:
+                self.write("}, **")
+                self.visit(node.dyn_kwargs, frame)
+                self.write(")")
+            else:
+                self.write("}")
+
+        elif node.dyn_kwargs is not None:
+            self.write(", **")
+            self.visit(node.dyn_kwargs, frame)
+
+    def pull_dependencies(self, nodes: t.Iterable[nodes.Node]) -> None:
+        """Find all filter and test names used in the template and
+        assign them to variables in the compiled namespace. Checking
+        that the names are registered with the environment is done when
+        compiling the Filter and Test nodes. If the node is in an If or
+        CondExpr node, the check is done at runtime instead.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+            Filters and tests in If and CondExpr nodes are checked at
+            runtime instead of compile time.
+        """
+        visitor = DependencyFinderVisitor()
+
+        for node in nodes:
+            visitor.visit(node)
+
+        for id_map, names, dependency in (self.filters, visitor.filters, "filters"), (
+            self.tests,
+            visitor.tests,
+            "tests",
+        ):
+            for name in sorted(names):
+                if name not in id_map:
+                    id_map[name] = self.temporary_identifier()
+
+                # add check during runtime that dependencies used inside of executed
+                # blocks are defined, as this step may be skipped during compile time
+                self.writeline("try:")
+                self.indent()
+                self.writeline(f"{id_map[name]} = environment.{dependency}[{name!r}]")
+                self.outdent()
+                self.writeline("except KeyError:")
+                self.indent()
+                self.writeline("@internalcode")
+                self.writeline(f"def {id_map[name]}(*unused):")
+                self.indent()
+                self.writeline(
+                    f'raise TemplateRuntimeError("No {dependency[:-1]}'
+                    f' named {name!r} found.")'
+                )
+                self.outdent()
+                self.outdent()
+
+    def enter_frame(self, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        undefs = []
+        for target, (action, param) in frame.symbols.loads.items():
+            if action == VAR_LOAD_PARAMETER:
+                pass
+            elif action == VAR_LOAD_RESOLVE:
+                self.writeline(f"{target} = {self.get_resolve_func()}({param!r})")
+            elif action == VAR_LOAD_ALIAS:
+                self.writeline(f"{target} = {param}")
+            elif action == VAR_LOAD_UNDEFINED:
+                undefs.append(target)
+            else:
+                raise NotImplementedError("unknown load instruction")
+        if undefs:
+            self.writeline(f"{' = '.join(undefs)} = missing")
+
+    def leave_frame(self, frame: Frame, with_python_scope: bool = False) -> None:
+        if not with_python_scope:
+            undefs = []
+            for target in frame.symbols.loads:
+                undefs.append(target)
+            if undefs:
+                self.writeline(f"{' = '.join(undefs)} = missing")
+
+    def choose_async(self, async_value: str = "async ", sync_value: str = "") -> str:
+        return async_value if self.environment.is_async else sync_value
+
+    def func(self, name: str) -> str:
+        return f"{self.choose_async()}def {name}"
+
+    def macro_body(
+        self, node: t.Union[nodes.Macro, nodes.CallBlock], frame: Frame
+    ) -> t.Tuple[Frame, MacroRef]:
+        """Dump the function def of a macro or call block."""
+        frame = frame.inner()
+        frame.symbols.analyze_node(node)
+        macro_ref = MacroRef(node)
+
+        explicit_caller = None
+        skip_special_params = set()
+        args = []
+
+        for idx, arg in enumerate(node.args):
+            if arg.name == "caller":
+                explicit_caller = idx
+            if arg.name in ("kwargs", "varargs"):
+                skip_special_params.add(arg.name)
+            args.append(frame.symbols.ref(arg.name))
+
+        undeclared = find_undeclared(node.body, ("caller", "kwargs", "varargs"))
+
+        if "caller" in undeclared:
+            # In older Jinja versions there was a bug that allowed caller
+            # to retain the special behavior even if it was mentioned in
+            # the argument list.  However thankfully this was only really
+            # working if it was the last argument.  So we are explicitly
+            # checking this now and error out if it is anywhere else in
+            # the argument list.
+            if explicit_caller is not None:
+                try:
+                    node.defaults[explicit_caller - len(node.args)]
+                except IndexError:
+                    self.fail(
+                        "When defining macros or call blocks the "
+                        'special "caller" argument must be omitted '
+                        "or be given a default.",
+                        node.lineno,
+                    )
+            else:
+                args.append(frame.symbols.declare_parameter("caller"))
+            macro_ref.accesses_caller = True
+        if "kwargs" in undeclared and "kwargs" not in skip_special_params:
+            args.append(frame.symbols.declare_parameter("kwargs"))
+            macro_ref.accesses_kwargs = True
+        if "varargs" in undeclared and "varargs" not in skip_special_params:
+            args.append(frame.symbols.declare_parameter("varargs"))
+            macro_ref.accesses_varargs = True
+
+        # macros are delayed, they never require output checks
+        frame.require_output_check = False
+        frame.symbols.analyze_node(node)
+        self.writeline(f"{self.func('macro')}({', '.join(args)}):", node)
+        self.indent()
+
+        self.buffer(frame)
+        self.enter_frame(frame)
+
+        self.push_parameter_definitions(frame)
+        for idx, arg in enumerate(node.args):
+            ref = frame.symbols.ref(arg.name)
+            self.writeline(f"if {ref} is missing:")
+            self.indent()
+            try:
+                default = node.defaults[idx - len(node.args)]
+            except IndexError:
+                self.writeline(
+                    f'{ref} = undefined("parameter {arg.name!r} was not provided",'
+                    f" name={arg.name!r})"
+                )
+            else:
+                self.writeline(f"{ref} = ")
+                self.visit(default, frame)
+            self.mark_parameter_stored(ref)
+            self.outdent()
+        self.pop_parameter_definitions()
+
+        self.blockvisit(node.body, frame)
+        self.return_buffer_contents(frame, force_unescaped=True)
+        self.leave_frame(frame, with_python_scope=True)
+        self.outdent()
+
+        return frame, macro_ref
+
+    def macro_def(self, macro_ref: MacroRef, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Dump the macro definition for the def created by macro_body."""
+        arg_tuple = ", ".join(repr(x.name) for x in macro_ref.node.args)
+        name = getattr(macro_ref.node, "name", None)
+        if len(macro_ref.node.args) == 1:
+            arg_tuple += ","
+        self.write(
+            f"Macro(environment, macro, {name!r}, ({arg_tuple}),"
+            f" {macro_ref.accesses_kwargs!r}, {macro_ref.accesses_varargs!r},"
+            f" {macro_ref.accesses_caller!r}, context.eval_ctx.autoescape)"
+        )
+
+    def position(self, node: nodes.Node) -> str:
+        """Return a human readable position for the node."""
+        rv = f"line {node.lineno}"
+        if self.name is not None:
+            rv = f"{rv} in {self.name!r}"
+        return rv
+
+    def dump_local_context(self, frame: Frame) -> str:
+        items_kv = ", ".join(
+            f"{name!r}: {target}"
+            for name, target in frame.symbols.dump_stores().items()
+        )
+        return f"{{{items_kv}}}"
+
+    def write_commons(self) -> None:
+        """Writes a common preamble that is used by root and block functions.
+        Primarily this sets up common local helpers and enforces a generator
+        through a dead branch.
+        """
+        self.writeline("resolve = context.resolve_or_missing")
+        self.writeline("undefined = environment.undefined")
+        # always use the standard Undefined class for the implicit else of
+        # conditional expressions
+        self.writeline("cond_expr_undefined = Undefined")
+        self.writeline("if 0: yield None")
+
+    def push_parameter_definitions(self, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Pushes all parameter targets from the given frame into a local
+        stack that permits tracking of yet to be assigned parameters.  In
+        particular this enables the optimization from `visit_Name` to skip
+        undefined expressions for parameters in macros as macros can reference
+        otherwise unbound parameters.
+        """
+        self._param_def_block.append(frame.symbols.dump_param_targets())
+
+    def pop_parameter_definitions(self) -> None:
+        """Pops the current parameter definitions set."""
+        self._param_def_block.pop()
+
+    def mark_parameter_stored(self, target: str) -> None:
+        """Marks a parameter in the current parameter definitions as stored.
+        This will skip the enforced undefined checks.
+        """
+        if self._param_def_block:
+            self._param_def_block[-1].discard(target)
+
+    def push_context_reference(self, target: str) -> None:
+        self._context_reference_stack.append(target)
+
+    def pop_context_reference(self) -> None:
+        self._context_reference_stack.pop()
+
+    def get_context_ref(self) -> str:
+        return self._context_reference_stack[-1]
+
+    def get_resolve_func(self) -> str:
+        target = self._context_reference_stack[-1]
+        if target == "context":
+            return "resolve"
+        return f"{target}.resolve"
+
+    def derive_context(self, frame: Frame) -> str:
+        return f"{self.get_context_ref()}.derived({self.dump_local_context(frame)})"
+
+    def parameter_is_undeclared(self, target: str) -> bool:
+        """Checks if a given target is an undeclared parameter."""
+        if not self._param_def_block:
+            return False
+        return target in self._param_def_block[-1]
+
+    def push_assign_tracking(self) -> None:
+        """Pushes a new layer for assignment tracking."""
+        self._assign_stack.append(set())
+
+    def pop_assign_tracking(self, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Pops the topmost level for assignment tracking and updates the
+        context variables if necessary.
+        """
+        vars = self._assign_stack.pop()
+        if (
+            not frame.block_frame
+            and not frame.loop_frame
+            and not frame.toplevel
+            or not vars
+        ):
+            return
+        public_names = [x for x in vars if x[:1] != "_"]
+        if len(vars) == 1:
+            name = next(iter(vars))
+            ref = frame.symbols.ref(name)
+            if frame.loop_frame:
+                self.writeline(f"_loop_vars[{name!r}] = {ref}")
+                return
+            if frame.block_frame:
+                self.writeline(f"_block_vars[{name!r}] = {ref}")
+                return
+            self.writeline(f"context.vars[{name!r}] = {ref}")
+        else:
+            if frame.loop_frame:
+                self.writeline("_loop_vars.update({")
+            elif frame.block_frame:
+                self.writeline("_block_vars.update({")
+            else:
+                self.writeline("context.vars.update({")
+            for idx, name in enumerate(vars):
+                if idx:
+                    self.write(", ")
+                ref = frame.symbols.ref(name)
+                self.write(f"{name!r}: {ref}")
+            self.write("})")
+        if not frame.block_frame and not frame.loop_frame and public_names:
+            if len(public_names) == 1:
+                self.writeline(f"context.exported_vars.add({public_names[0]!r})")
+            else:
+                names_str = ", ".join(map(repr, public_names))
+                self.writeline(f"context.exported_vars.update(({names_str}))")
+
+    # -- Statement Visitors
+
+    def visit_Template(
+        self, node: nodes.Template, frame: t.Optional[Frame] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        assert frame is None, "no root frame allowed"
+        eval_ctx = EvalContext(self.environment, self.name)
+
+        from .runtime import exported, async_exported
+
+        if self.environment.is_async:
+            exported_names = sorted(exported + async_exported)
+        else:
+            exported_names = sorted(exported)
+
+        self.writeline("from __future__ import generator_stop")  # Python < 3.7
+        self.writeline("from jinja2.runtime import " + ", ".join(exported_names))
+
+        # if we want a deferred initialization we cannot move the
+        # environment into a local name
+        envenv = "" if self.defer_init else ", environment=environment"
+
+        # do we have an extends tag at all?  If not, we can save some
+        # overhead by just not processing any inheritance code.
+        have_extends = node.find(nodes.Extends) is not None
+
+        # find all blocks
+        for block in node.find_all(nodes.Block):
+            if block.name in self.blocks:
+                self.fail(f"block {block.name!r} defined twice", block.lineno)
+            self.blocks[block.name] = block
+
+        # find all imports and import them
+        for import_ in node.find_all(nodes.ImportedName):
+            if import_.importname not in self.import_aliases:
+                imp = import_.importname
+                self.import_aliases[imp] = alias = self.temporary_identifier()
+                if "." in imp:
+                    module, obj = imp.rsplit(".", 1)
+                    self.writeline(f"from {module} import {obj} as {alias}")
+                else:
+                    self.writeline(f"import {imp} as {alias}")
+
+        # add the load name
+        self.writeline(f"name = {self.name!r}")
+
+        # generate the root render function.
+        self.writeline(
+            f"{self.func('root')}(context, missing=missing{envenv}):", extra=1
+        )
+        self.indent()
+        self.write_commons()
+
+        # process the root
+        frame = Frame(eval_ctx)
+        if "self" in find_undeclared(node.body, ("self",)):
+            ref = frame.symbols.declare_parameter("self")
+            self.writeline(f"{ref} = TemplateReference(context)")
+        frame.symbols.analyze_node(node)
+        frame.toplevel = frame.rootlevel = True
+        frame.require_output_check = have_extends and not self.has_known_extends
+        if have_extends:
+            self.writeline("parent_template = None")
+        self.enter_frame(frame)
+        self.pull_dependencies(node.body)
+        self.blockvisit(node.body, frame)
+        self.leave_frame(frame, with_python_scope=True)
+        self.outdent()
+
+        # make sure that the parent root is called.
+        if have_extends:
+            if not self.has_known_extends:
+                self.indent()
+                self.writeline("if parent_template is not None:")
+            self.indent()
+            if not self.environment.is_async:
+                self.writeline("yield from parent_template.root_render_func(context)")
+            else:
+                self.writeline(
+                    "async for event in parent_template.root_render_func(context):"
+                )
+                self.indent()
+                self.writeline("yield event")
+                self.outdent()
+            self.outdent(1 + (not self.has_known_extends))
+
+        # at this point we now have the blocks collected and can visit them too.
+        for name, block in self.blocks.items():
+            self.writeline(
+                f"{self.func('block_' + name)}(context, missing=missing{envenv}):",
+                block,
+                1,
+            )
+            self.indent()
+            self.write_commons()
+            # It's important that we do not make this frame a child of the
+            # toplevel template.  This would cause a variety of
+            # interesting issues with identifier tracking.
+            block_frame = Frame(eval_ctx)
+            block_frame.block_frame = True
+            undeclared = find_undeclared(block.body, ("self", "super"))
+            if "self" in undeclared:
+                ref = block_frame.symbols.declare_parameter("self")
+                self.writeline(f"{ref} = TemplateReference(context)")
+            if "super" in undeclared:
+                ref = block_frame.symbols.declare_parameter("super")
+                self.writeline(f"{ref} = context.super({name!r}, block_{name})")
+            block_frame.symbols.analyze_node(block)
+            block_frame.block = name
+            self.writeline("_block_vars = {}")
+            self.enter_frame(block_frame)
+            self.pull_dependencies(block.body)
+            self.blockvisit(block.body, block_frame)
+            self.leave_frame(block_frame, with_python_scope=True)
+            self.outdent()
+
+        blocks_kv_str = ", ".join(f"{x!r}: block_{x}" for x in self.blocks)
+        self.writeline(f"blocks = {{{blocks_kv_str}}}", extra=1)
+        debug_kv_str = "&".join(f"{k}={v}" for k, v in self.debug_info)
+        self.writeline(f"debug_info = {debug_kv_str!r}")
+
+    def visit_Block(self, node: nodes.Block, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Call a block and register it for the template."""
+        level = 0
+        if frame.toplevel:
+            # if we know that we are a child template, there is no need to
+            # check if we are one
+            if self.has_known_extends:
+                return
+            if self.extends_so_far > 0:
+                self.writeline("if parent_template is None:")
+                self.indent()
+                level += 1
+
+        if node.scoped:
+            context = self.derive_context(frame)
+        else:
+            context = self.get_context_ref()
+
+        if node.required:
+            self.writeline(f"if len(context.blocks[{node.name!r}]) <= 1:", node)
+            self.indent()
+            self.writeline(
+                f'raise TemplateRuntimeError("Required block {node.name!r} not found")',
+                node,
+            )
+            self.outdent()
+
+        if not self.environment.is_async and frame.buffer is None:
+            self.writeline(
+                f"yield from context.blocks[{node.name!r}][0]({context})", node
+            )
+        else:
+            self.writeline(
+                f"{self.choose_async()}for event in"
+                f" context.blocks[{node.name!r}][0]({context}):",
+                node,
+            )
+            self.indent()
+            self.simple_write("event", frame)
+            self.outdent()
+
+        self.outdent(level)
+
+    def visit_Extends(self, node: nodes.Extends, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Calls the extender."""
+        if not frame.toplevel:
+            self.fail("cannot use extend from a non top-level scope", node.lineno)
+
+        # if the number of extends statements in general is zero so
+        # far, we don't have to add a check if something extended
+        # the template before this one.
+        if self.extends_so_far > 0:
+
+            # if we have a known extends we just add a template runtime
+            # error into the generated code.  We could catch that at compile
+            # time too, but i welcome it not to confuse users by throwing the
+            # same error at different times just "because we can".
+            if not self.has_known_extends:
+                self.writeline("if parent_template is not None:")
+                self.indent()
+            self.writeline('raise TemplateRuntimeError("extended multiple times")')
+
+            # if we have a known extends already we don't need that code here
+            # as we know that the template execution will end here.
+            if self.has_known_extends:
+                raise CompilerExit()
+            else:
+                self.outdent()
+
+        self.writeline("parent_template = environment.get_template(", node)
+        self.visit(node.template, frame)
+        self.write(f", {self.name!r})")
+        self.writeline("for name, parent_block in parent_template.blocks.items():")
+        self.indent()
+        self.writeline("context.blocks.setdefault(name, []).append(parent_block)")
+        self.outdent()
+
+        # if this extends statement was in the root level we can take
+        # advantage of that information and simplify the generated code
+        # in the top level from this point onwards
+        if frame.rootlevel:
+            self.has_known_extends = True
+
+        # and now we have one more
+        self.extends_so_far += 1
+
+    def visit_Include(self, node: nodes.Include, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Handles includes."""
+        if node.ignore_missing:
+            self.writeline("try:")
+            self.indent()
+
+        func_name = "get_or_select_template"
+        if isinstance(node.template, nodes.Const):
+            if isinstance(node.template.value, str):
+                func_name = "get_template"
+            elif isinstance(node.template.value, (tuple, list)):
+                func_name = "select_template"
+        elif isinstance(node.template, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)):
+            func_name = "select_template"
+
+        self.writeline(f"template = environment.{func_name}(", node)
+        self.visit(node.template, frame)
+        self.write(f", {self.name!r})")
+        if node.ignore_missing:
+            self.outdent()
+            self.writeline("except TemplateNotFound:")
+            self.indent()
+            self.writeline("pass")
+            self.outdent()
+            self.writeline("else:")
+            self.indent()
+
+        skip_event_yield = False
+        if node.with_context:
+            self.writeline(
+                f"{self.choose_async()}for event in template.root_render_func("
+                "template.new_context(context.get_all(), True,"
+                f" {self.dump_local_context(frame)})):"
+            )
+        elif self.environment.is_async:
+            self.writeline(
+                "for event in (await template._get_default_module_async())"
+                "._body_stream:"
+            )
+        else:
+            self.writeline("yield from template._get_default_module()._body_stream")
+            skip_event_yield = True
+
+        if not skip_event_yield:
+            self.indent()
+            self.simple_write("event", frame)
+            self.outdent()
+
+        if node.ignore_missing:
+            self.outdent()
+
+    def _import_common(
+        self, node: t.Union[nodes.Import, nodes.FromImport], frame: Frame
+    ) -> None:
+        self.write(f"{self.choose_async('await ')}environment.get_template(")
+        self.visit(node.template, frame)
+        self.write(f", {self.name!r}).")
+
+        if node.with_context:
+            f_name = f"make_module{self.choose_async('_async')}"
+            self.write(
+                f"{f_name}(context.get_all(), True, {self.dump_local_context(frame)})"
+            )
+        else:
+            self.write(f"_get_default_module{self.choose_async('_async')}(context)")
+
+    def visit_Import(self, node: nodes.Import, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Visit regular imports."""
+        self.writeline(f"{frame.symbols.ref(node.target)} = ", node)
+        if frame.toplevel:
+            self.write(f"context.vars[{node.target!r}] = ")
+
+        self._import_common(node, frame)
+
+        if frame.toplevel and not node.target.startswith("_"):
+            self.writeline(f"context.exported_vars.discard({node.target!r})")
+
+    def visit_FromImport(self, node: nodes.FromImport, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Visit named imports."""
+        self.newline(node)
+        self.write("included_template = ")
+        self._import_common(node, frame)
+        var_names = []
+        discarded_names = []
+        for name in node.names:
+            if isinstance(name, tuple):
+                name, alias = name
+            else:
+                alias = name
+            self.writeline(
+                f"{frame.symbols.ref(alias)} ="
+                f" getattr(included_template, {name!r}, missing)"
+            )
+            self.writeline(f"if {frame.symbols.ref(alias)} is missing:")
+            self.indent()
+            message = (
+                "the template {included_template.__name__!r}"
+                f" (imported on {self.position(node)})"
+                f" does not export the requested name {name!r}"
+            )
+            self.writeline(
+                f"{frame.symbols.ref(alias)} = undefined(f{message!r}, name={name!r})"
+            )
+            self.outdent()
+            if frame.toplevel:
+                var_names.append(alias)
+                if not alias.startswith("_"):
+                    discarded_names.append(alias)
+
+        if var_names:
+            if len(var_names) == 1:
+                name = var_names[0]
+                self.writeline(f"context.vars[{name!r}] = {frame.symbols.ref(name)}")
+            else:
+                names_kv = ", ".join(
+                    f"{name!r}: {frame.symbols.ref(name)}" for name in var_names
+                )
+                self.writeline(f"context.vars.update({{{names_kv}}})")
+        if discarded_names:
+            if len(discarded_names) == 1:
+                self.writeline(f"context.exported_vars.discard({discarded_names[0]!r})")
+            else:
+                names_str = ", ".join(map(repr, discarded_names))
+                self.writeline(
+                    f"context.exported_vars.difference_update(({names_str}))"
+                )
+
+    def visit_For(self, node: nodes.For, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        loop_frame = frame.inner()
+        loop_frame.loop_frame = True
+        test_frame = frame.inner()
+        else_frame = frame.inner()
+
+        # try to figure out if we have an extended loop.  An extended loop
+        # is necessary if the loop is in recursive mode if the special loop
+        # variable is accessed in the body if the body is a scoped block.
+        extended_loop = (
+            node.recursive
+            or "loop"
+            in find_undeclared(node.iter_child_nodes(only=("body",)), ("loop",))
+            or any(block.scoped for block in node.find_all(nodes.Block))
+        )
+
+        loop_ref = None
+        if extended_loop:
+            loop_ref = loop_frame.symbols.declare_parameter("loop")
+
+        loop_frame.symbols.analyze_node(node, for_branch="body")
+        if node.else_:
+            else_frame.symbols.analyze_node(node, for_branch="else")
+
+        if node.test:
+            loop_filter_func = self.temporary_identifier()
+            test_frame.symbols.analyze_node(node, for_branch="test")
+            self.writeline(f"{self.func(loop_filter_func)}(fiter):", node.test)
+            self.indent()
+            self.enter_frame(test_frame)
+            self.writeline(self.choose_async("async for ", "for "))
+            self.visit(node.target, loop_frame)
+            self.write(" in ")
+            self.write(self.choose_async("auto_aiter(fiter)", "fiter"))
+            self.write(":")
+            self.indent()
+            self.writeline("if ", node.test)
+            self.visit(node.test, test_frame)
+            self.write(":")
+            self.indent()
+            self.writeline("yield ")
+            self.visit(node.target, loop_frame)
+            self.outdent(3)
+            self.leave_frame(test_frame, with_python_scope=True)
+
+        # if we don't have an recursive loop we have to find the shadowed
+        # variables at that point.  Because loops can be nested but the loop
+        # variable is a special one we have to enforce aliasing for it.
+        if node.recursive:
+            self.writeline(
+                f"{self.func('loop')}(reciter, loop_render_func, depth=0):", node
+            )
+            self.indent()
+            self.buffer(loop_frame)
+
+            # Use the same buffer for the else frame
+            else_frame.buffer = loop_frame.buffer
+
+        # make sure the loop variable is a special one and raise a template
+        # assertion error if a loop tries to write to loop
+        if extended_loop:
+            self.writeline(f"{loop_ref} = missing")
+
+        for name in node.find_all(nodes.Name):
+            if name.ctx == "store" and name.name == "loop":
+                self.fail(
+                    "Can't assign to special loop variable in for-loop target",
+                    name.lineno,
+                )
+
+        if node.else_:
+            iteration_indicator = self.temporary_identifier()
+            self.writeline(f"{iteration_indicator} = 1")
+
+        self.writeline(self.choose_async("async for ", "for "), node)
+        self.visit(node.target, loop_frame)
+        if extended_loop:
+            self.write(f", {loop_ref} in {self.choose_async('Async')}LoopContext(")
+        else:
+            self.write(" in ")
+
+        if node.test:
+            self.write(f"{loop_filter_func}(")
+        if node.recursive:
+            self.write("reciter")
+        else:
+            if self.environment.is_async and not extended_loop:
+                self.write("auto_aiter(")
+            self.visit(node.iter, frame)
+            if self.environment.is_async and not extended_loop:
+                self.write(")")
+        if node.test:
+            self.write(")")
+
+        if node.recursive:
+            self.write(", undefined, loop_render_func, depth):")
+        else:
+            self.write(", undefined):" if extended_loop else ":")
+
+        self.indent()
+        self.enter_frame(loop_frame)
+
+        self.writeline("_loop_vars = {}")
+        self.blockvisit(node.body, loop_frame)
+        if node.else_:
+            self.writeline(f"{iteration_indicator} = 0")
+        self.outdent()
+        self.leave_frame(
+            loop_frame, with_python_scope=node.recursive and not node.else_
+        )
+
+        if node.else_:
+            self.writeline(f"if {iteration_indicator}:")
+            self.indent()
+            self.enter_frame(else_frame)
+            self.blockvisit(node.else_, else_frame)
+            self.leave_frame(else_frame)
+            self.outdent()
+
+        # if the node was recursive we have to return the buffer contents
+        # and start the iteration code
+        if node.recursive:
+            self.return_buffer_contents(loop_frame)
+            self.outdent()
+            self.start_write(frame, node)
+            self.write(f"{self.choose_async('await ')}loop(")
+            if self.environment.is_async:
+                self.write("auto_aiter(")
+            self.visit(node.iter, frame)
+            if self.environment.is_async:
+                self.write(")")
+            self.write(", loop)")
+            self.end_write(frame)
+
+        # at the end of the iteration, clear any assignments made in the
+        # loop from the top level
+        if self._assign_stack:
+            self._assign_stack[-1].difference_update(loop_frame.symbols.stores)
+
+    def visit_If(self, node: nodes.If, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        if_frame = frame.soft()
+        self.writeline("if ", node)
+        self.visit(node.test, if_frame)
+        self.write(":")
+        self.indent()
+        self.blockvisit(node.body, if_frame)
+        self.outdent()
+        for elif_ in node.elif_:
+            self.writeline("elif ", elif_)
+            self.visit(elif_.test, if_frame)
+            self.write(":")
+            self.indent()
+            self.blockvisit(elif_.body, if_frame)
+            self.outdent()
+        if node.else_:
+            self.writeline("else:")
+            self.indent()
+            self.blockvisit(node.else_, if_frame)
+            self.outdent()
+
+    def visit_Macro(self, node: nodes.Macro, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        macro_frame, macro_ref = self.macro_body(node, frame)
+        self.newline()
+        if frame.toplevel:
+            if not node.name.startswith("_"):
+                self.write(f"context.exported_vars.add({node.name!r})")
+            self.writeline(f"context.vars[{node.name!r}] = ")
+        self.write(f"{frame.symbols.ref(node.name)} = ")
+        self.macro_def(macro_ref, macro_frame)
+
+    def visit_CallBlock(self, node: nodes.CallBlock, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        call_frame, macro_ref = self.macro_body(node, frame)
+        self.writeline("caller = ")
+        self.macro_def(macro_ref, call_frame)
+        self.start_write(frame, node)
+        self.visit_Call(node.call, frame, forward_caller=True)
+        self.end_write(frame)
+
+    def visit_FilterBlock(self, node: nodes.FilterBlock, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        filter_frame = frame.inner()
+        filter_frame.symbols.analyze_node(node)
+        self.enter_frame(filter_frame)
+        self.buffer(filter_frame)
+        self.blockvisit(node.body, filter_frame)
+        self.start_write(frame, node)
+        self.visit_Filter(node.filter, filter_frame)
+        self.end_write(frame)
+        self.leave_frame(filter_frame)
+
+    def visit_With(self, node: nodes.With, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        with_frame = frame.inner()
+        with_frame.symbols.analyze_node(node)
+        self.enter_frame(with_frame)
+        for target, expr in zip(node.targets, node.values):
+            self.newline()
+            self.visit(target, with_frame)
+            self.write(" = ")
+            self.visit(expr, frame)
+        self.blockvisit(node.body, with_frame)
+        self.leave_frame(with_frame)
+
+    def visit_ExprStmt(self, node: nodes.ExprStmt, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.newline(node)
+        self.visit(node.node, frame)
+
+    class _FinalizeInfo(t.NamedTuple):
+        const: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., str]]
+        src: t.Optional[str]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _default_finalize(value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """The default finalize function if the environment isn't
+        configured with one. Or, if the environment has one, this is
+        called on that function's output for constants.
+        """
+        return str(value)
+
+    _finalize: t.Optional[_FinalizeInfo] = None
+
+    def _make_finalize(self) -> _FinalizeInfo:
+        """Build the finalize function to be used on constants and at
+        runtime. Cached so it's only created once for all output nodes.
+
+        Returns a ``namedtuple`` with the following attributes:
+
+        ``const``
+            A function to finalize constant data at compile time.
+
+        ``src``
+            Source code to output around nodes to be evaluated at
+            runtime.
+        """
+        if self._finalize is not None:
+            return self._finalize
+
+        finalize: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., t.Any]]
+        finalize = default = self._default_finalize
+        src = None
+
+        if self.environment.finalize:
+            src = "environment.finalize("
+            env_finalize = self.environment.finalize
+            pass_arg = {
+                _PassArg.context: "context",
+                _PassArg.eval_context: "context.eval_ctx",
+                _PassArg.environment: "environment",
+            }.get(
+                _PassArg.from_obj(env_finalize)  # type: ignore
+            )
+            finalize = None
+
+            if pass_arg is None:
+
+                def finalize(value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+                    return default(env_finalize(value))
+
+            else:
+                src = f"{src}{pass_arg}, "
+
+                if pass_arg == "environment":
+
+                    def finalize(value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+                        return default(env_finalize(self.environment, value))
+
+        self._finalize = self._FinalizeInfo(finalize, src)
+        return self._finalize
+
+    def _output_const_repr(self, group: t.Iterable[t.Any]) -> str:
+        """Given a group of constant values converted from ``Output``
+        child nodes, produce a string to write to the template module
+        source.
+        """
+        return repr(concat(group))
+
+    def _output_child_to_const(
+        self, node: nodes.Expr, frame: Frame, finalize: _FinalizeInfo
+    ) -> str:
+        """Try to optimize a child of an ``Output`` node by trying to
+        convert it to constant, finalized data at compile time.
+
+        If :exc:`Impossible` is raised, the node is not constant and
+        will be evaluated at runtime. Any other exception will also be
+        evaluated at runtime for easier debugging.
+        """
+        const = node.as_const(frame.eval_ctx)
+
+        if frame.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            const = escape(const)
+
+        # Template data doesn't go through finalize.
+        if isinstance(node, nodes.TemplateData):
+            return str(const)
+
+        return finalize.const(const)  # type: ignore
+
+    def _output_child_pre(
+        self, node: nodes.Expr, frame: Frame, finalize: _FinalizeInfo
+    ) -> None:
+        """Output extra source code before visiting a child of an
+        ``Output`` node.
+        """
+        if frame.eval_ctx.volatile:
+            self.write("(escape if context.eval_ctx.autoescape else str)(")
+        elif frame.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            self.write("escape(")
+        else:
+            self.write("str(")
+
+        if finalize.src is not None:
+            self.write(finalize.src)
+
+    def _output_child_post(
+        self, node: nodes.Expr, frame: Frame, finalize: _FinalizeInfo
+    ) -> None:
+        """Output extra source code after visiting a child of an
+        ``Output`` node.
+        """
+        self.write(")")
+
+        if finalize.src is not None:
+            self.write(")")
+
+    def visit_Output(self, node: nodes.Output, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        # If an extends is active, don't render outside a block.
+        if frame.require_output_check:
+            # A top-level extends is known to exist at compile time.
+            if self.has_known_extends:
+                return
+
+            self.writeline("if parent_template is None:")
+            self.indent()
+
+        finalize = self._make_finalize()
+        body: t.List[t.Union[t.List[t.Any], nodes.Expr]] = []
+
+        # Evaluate constants at compile time if possible. Each item in
+        # body will be either a list of static data or a node to be
+        # evaluated at runtime.
+        for child in node.nodes:
+            try:
+                if not (
+                    # If the finalize function requires runtime context,
+                    # constants can't be evaluated at compile time.
+                    finalize.const
+                    # Unless it's basic template data that won't be
+                    # finalized anyway.
+                    or isinstance(child, nodes.TemplateData)
+                ):
+                    raise nodes.Impossible()
+
+                const = self._output_child_to_const(child, frame, finalize)
+            except (nodes.Impossible, Exception):
+                # The node was not constant and needs to be evaluated at
+                # runtime. Or another error was raised, which is easier
+                # to debug at runtime.
+                body.append(child)
+                continue
+
+            if body and isinstance(body[-1], list):
+                body[-1].append(const)
+            else:
+                body.append([const])
+
+        if frame.buffer is not None:
+            if len(body) == 1:
+                self.writeline(f"{frame.buffer}.append(")
+            else:
+                self.writeline(f"{frame.buffer}.extend((")
+
+            self.indent()
+
+        for item in body:
+            if isinstance(item, list):
+                # A group of constant data to join and output.
+                val = self._output_const_repr(item)
+
+                if frame.buffer is None:
+                    self.writeline("yield " + val)
+                else:
+                    self.writeline(val + ",")
+            else:
+                if frame.buffer is None:
+                    self.writeline("yield ", item)
+                else:
+                    self.newline(item)
+
+                # A node to be evaluated at runtime.
+                self._output_child_pre(item, frame, finalize)
+                self.visit(item, frame)
+                self._output_child_post(item, frame, finalize)
+
+                if frame.buffer is not None:
+                    self.write(",")
+
+        if frame.buffer is not None:
+            self.outdent()
+            self.writeline(")" if len(body) == 1 else "))")
+
+        if frame.require_output_check:
+            self.outdent()
+
+    def visit_Assign(self, node: nodes.Assign, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.push_assign_tracking()
+        self.newline(node)
+        self.visit(node.target, frame)
+        self.write(" = ")
+        self.visit(node.node, frame)
+        self.pop_assign_tracking(frame)
+
+    def visit_AssignBlock(self, node: nodes.AssignBlock, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.push_assign_tracking()
+        block_frame = frame.inner()
+        # This is a special case.  Since a set block always captures we
+        # will disable output checks.  This way one can use set blocks
+        # toplevel even in extended templates.
+        block_frame.require_output_check = False
+        block_frame.symbols.analyze_node(node)
+        self.enter_frame(block_frame)
+        self.buffer(block_frame)
+        self.blockvisit(node.body, block_frame)
+        self.newline(node)
+        self.visit(node.target, frame)
+        self.write(" = (Markup if context.eval_ctx.autoescape else identity)(")
+        if node.filter is not None:
+            self.visit_Filter(node.filter, block_frame)
+        else:
+            self.write(f"concat({block_frame.buffer})")
+        self.write(")")
+        self.pop_assign_tracking(frame)
+        self.leave_frame(block_frame)
+
+    # -- Expression Visitors
+
+    def visit_Name(self, node: nodes.Name, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        if node.ctx == "store" and (
+            frame.toplevel or frame.loop_frame or frame.block_frame
+        ):
+            if self._assign_stack:
+                self._assign_stack[-1].add(node.name)
+        ref = frame.symbols.ref(node.name)
+
+        # If we are looking up a variable we might have to deal with the
+        # case where it's undefined.  We can skip that case if the load
+        # instruction indicates a parameter which are always defined.
+        if node.ctx == "load":
+            load = frame.symbols.find_load(ref)
+            if not (
+                load is not None
+                and load[0] == VAR_LOAD_PARAMETER
+                and not self.parameter_is_undeclared(ref)
+            ):
+                self.write(
+                    f"(undefined(name={node.name!r}) if {ref} is missing else {ref})"
+                )
+                return
+
+        self.write(ref)
+
+    def visit_NSRef(self, node: nodes.NSRef, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        # NSRefs can only be used to store values; since they use the normal
+        # `foo.bar` notation they will be parsed as a normal attribute access
+        # when used anywhere but in a `set` context
+        ref = frame.symbols.ref(node.name)
+        self.writeline(f"if not isinstance({ref}, Namespace):")
+        self.indent()
+        self.writeline(
+            "raise TemplateRuntimeError"
+            '("cannot assign attribute on non-namespace object")'
+        )
+        self.outdent()
+        self.writeline(f"{ref}[{node.attr!r}]")
+
+    def visit_Const(self, node: nodes.Const, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        val = node.as_const(frame.eval_ctx)
+        if isinstance(val, float):
+            self.write(str(val))
+        else:
+            self.write(repr(val))
+
+    def visit_TemplateData(self, node: nodes.TemplateData, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.write(repr(node.as_const(frame.eval_ctx)))
+        except nodes.Impossible:
+            self.write(
+                f"(Markup if context.eval_ctx.autoescape else identity)({node.data!r})"
+            )
+
+    def visit_Tuple(self, node: nodes.Tuple, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.write("(")
+        idx = -1
+        for idx, item in enumerate(node.items):
+            if idx:
+                self.write(", ")
+            self.visit(item, frame)
+        self.write(",)" if idx == 0 else ")")
+
+    def visit_List(self, node: nodes.List, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.write("[")
+        for idx, item in enumerate(node.items):
+            if idx:
+                self.write(", ")
+            self.visit(item, frame)
+        self.write("]")
+
+    def visit_Dict(self, node: nodes.Dict, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.write("{")
+        for idx, item in enumerate(node.items):
+            if idx:
+                self.write(", ")
+            self.visit(item.key, frame)
+            self.write(": ")
+            self.visit(item.value, frame)
+        self.write("}")
+
+    visit_Add = _make_binop("+")
+    visit_Sub = _make_binop("-")
+    visit_Mul = _make_binop("*")
+    visit_Div = _make_binop("/")
+    visit_FloorDiv = _make_binop("//")
+    visit_Pow = _make_binop("**")
+    visit_Mod = _make_binop("%")
+    visit_And = _make_binop("and")
+    visit_Or = _make_binop("or")
+    visit_Pos = _make_unop("+")
+    visit_Neg = _make_unop("-")
+    visit_Not = _make_unop("not ")
+
+    @optimizeconst
+    def visit_Concat(self, node: nodes.Concat, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        if frame.eval_ctx.volatile:
+            func_name = "(markup_join if context.eval_ctx.volatile else str_join)"
+        elif frame.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            func_name = "markup_join"
+        else:
+            func_name = "str_join"
+        self.write(f"{func_name}((")
+        for arg in node.nodes:
+            self.visit(arg, frame)
+            self.write(", ")
+        self.write("))")
+
+    @optimizeconst
+    def visit_Compare(self, node: nodes.Compare, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.write("(")
+        self.visit(node.expr, frame)
+        for op in node.ops:
+            self.visit(op, frame)
+        self.write(")")
+
+    def visit_Operand(self, node: nodes.Operand, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.write(f" {operators[node.op]} ")
+        self.visit(node.expr, frame)
+
+    @optimizeconst
+    def visit_Getattr(self, node: nodes.Getattr, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        if self.environment.is_async:
+            self.write("(await auto_await(")
+
+        self.write("environment.getattr(")
+        self.visit(node.node, frame)
+        self.write(f", {node.attr!r})")
+
+        if self.environment.is_async:
+            self.write("))")
+
+    @optimizeconst
+    def visit_Getitem(self, node: nodes.Getitem, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        # slices bypass the environment getitem method.
+        if isinstance(node.arg, nodes.Slice):
+            self.visit(node.node, frame)
+            self.write("[")
+            self.visit(node.arg, frame)
+            self.write("]")
+        else:
+            if self.environment.is_async:
+                self.write("(await auto_await(")
+
+            self.write("environment.getitem(")
+            self.visit(node.node, frame)
+            self.write(", ")
+            self.visit(node.arg, frame)
+            self.write(")")
+
+            if self.environment.is_async:
+                self.write("))")
+
+    def visit_Slice(self, node: nodes.Slice, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        if node.start is not None:
+            self.visit(node.start, frame)
+        self.write(":")
+        if node.stop is not None:
+            self.visit(node.stop, frame)
+        if node.step is not None:
+            self.write(":")
+            self.visit(node.step, frame)
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def _filter_test_common(
+        self, node: t.Union[nodes.Filter, nodes.Test], frame: Frame, is_filter: bool
+    ) -> t.Iterator[None]:
+        if self.environment.is_async:
+            self.write("await auto_await(")
+
+        if is_filter:
+            self.write(f"{self.filters[node.name]}(")
+            func = self.environment.filters.get(node.name)
+        else:
+            self.write(f"{self.tests[node.name]}(")
+            func = self.environment.tests.get(node.name)
+
+        # When inside an If or CondExpr frame, allow the filter to be
+        # undefined at compile time and only raise an error if it's
+        # actually called at runtime. See pull_dependencies.
+        if func is None and not frame.soft_frame:
+            type_name = "filter" if is_filter else "test"
+            self.fail(f"No {type_name} named {node.name!r}.", node.lineno)
+
+        pass_arg = {
+            _PassArg.context: "context",
+            _PassArg.eval_context: "context.eval_ctx",
+            _PassArg.environment: "environment",
+        }.get(
+            _PassArg.from_obj(func)  # type: ignore
+        )
+
+        if pass_arg is not None:
+            self.write(f"{pass_arg}, ")
+
+        # Back to the visitor function to handle visiting the target of
+        # the filter or test.
+        yield
+
+        self.signature(node, frame)
+        self.write(")")
+
+        if self.environment.is_async:
+            self.write(")")
+
+    @optimizeconst
+    def visit_Filter(self, node: nodes.Filter, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        with self._filter_test_common(node, frame, True):
+            # if the filter node is None we are inside a filter block
+            # and want to write to the current buffer
+            if node.node is not None:
+                self.visit(node.node, frame)
+            elif frame.eval_ctx.volatile:
+                self.write(
+                    f"(Markup(concat({frame.buffer}))"
+                    f" if context.eval_ctx.autoescape else concat({frame.buffer}))"
+                )
+            elif frame.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+                self.write(f"Markup(concat({frame.buffer}))")
+            else:
+                self.write(f"concat({frame.buffer})")
+
+    @optimizeconst
+    def visit_Test(self, node: nodes.Test, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        with self._filter_test_common(node, frame, False):
+            self.visit(node.node, frame)
+
+    @optimizeconst
+    def visit_CondExpr(self, node: nodes.CondExpr, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        frame = frame.soft()
+
+        def write_expr2() -> None:
+            if node.expr2 is not None:
+                self.visit(node.expr2, frame)
+                return
+
+            self.write(
+                f'cond_expr_undefined("the inline if-expression on'
+                f" {self.position(node)} evaluated to false and no else"
+                f' section was defined.")'
+            )
+
+        self.write("(")
+        self.visit(node.expr1, frame)
+        self.write(" if ")
+        self.visit(node.test, frame)
+        self.write(" else ")
+        write_expr2()
+        self.write(")")
+
+    @optimizeconst
+    def visit_Call(
+        self, node: nodes.Call, frame: Frame, forward_caller: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        if self.environment.is_async:
+            self.write("await auto_await(")
+        if self.environment.sandboxed:
+            self.write("environment.call(context, ")
+        else:
+            self.write("context.call(")
+        self.visit(node.node, frame)
+        extra_kwargs = {"caller": "caller"} if forward_caller else None
+        loop_kwargs = {"_loop_vars": "_loop_vars"} if frame.loop_frame else {}
+        block_kwargs = {"_block_vars": "_block_vars"} if frame.block_frame else {}
+        if extra_kwargs:
+            extra_kwargs.update(loop_kwargs, **block_kwargs)
+        elif loop_kwargs or block_kwargs:
+            extra_kwargs = dict(loop_kwargs, **block_kwargs)
+        self.signature(node, frame, extra_kwargs)
+        self.write(")")
+        if self.environment.is_async:
+            self.write(")")
+
+    def visit_Keyword(self, node: nodes.Keyword, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.write(node.key + "=")
+        self.visit(node.value, frame)
+
+    # -- Unused nodes for extensions
+
+    def visit_MarkSafe(self, node: nodes.MarkSafe, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.write("Markup(")
+        self.visit(node.expr, frame)
+        self.write(")")
+
+    def visit_MarkSafeIfAutoescape(
+        self, node: nodes.MarkSafeIfAutoescape, frame: Frame
+    ) -> None:
+        self.write("(Markup if context.eval_ctx.autoescape else identity)(")
+        self.visit(node.expr, frame)
+        self.write(")")
+
+    def visit_EnvironmentAttribute(
+        self, node: nodes.EnvironmentAttribute, frame: Frame
+    ) -> None:
+        self.write("environment." + node.name)
+
+    def visit_ExtensionAttribute(
+        self, node: nodes.ExtensionAttribute, frame: Frame
+    ) -> None:
+        self.write(f"environment.extensions[{node.identifier!r}].{node.name}")
+
+    def visit_ImportedName(self, node: nodes.ImportedName, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.write(self.import_aliases[node.importname])
+
+    def visit_InternalName(self, node: nodes.InternalName, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.write(node.name)
+
+    def visit_ContextReference(
+        self, node: nodes.ContextReference, frame: Frame
+    ) -> None:
+        self.write("context")
+
+    def visit_DerivedContextReference(
+        self, node: nodes.DerivedContextReference, frame: Frame
+    ) -> None:
+        self.write(self.derive_context(frame))
+
+    def visit_Continue(self, node: nodes.Continue, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.writeline("continue", node)
+
+    def visit_Break(self, node: nodes.Break, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        self.writeline("break", node)
+
+    def visit_Scope(self, node: nodes.Scope, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        scope_frame = frame.inner()
+        scope_frame.symbols.analyze_node(node)
+        self.enter_frame(scope_frame)
+        self.blockvisit(node.body, scope_frame)
+        self.leave_frame(scope_frame)
+
+    def visit_OverlayScope(self, node: nodes.OverlayScope, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        ctx = self.temporary_identifier()
+        self.writeline(f"{ctx} = {self.derive_context(frame)}")
+        self.writeline(f"{ctx}.vars = ")
+        self.visit(node.context, frame)
+        self.push_context_reference(ctx)
+
+        scope_frame = frame.inner(isolated=True)
+        scope_frame.symbols.analyze_node(node)
+        self.enter_frame(scope_frame)
+        self.blockvisit(node.body, scope_frame)
+        self.leave_frame(scope_frame)
+        self.pop_context_reference()
+
+    def visit_EvalContextModifier(
+        self, node: nodes.EvalContextModifier, frame: Frame
+    ) -> None:
+        for keyword in node.options:
+            self.writeline(f"context.eval_ctx.{keyword.key} = ")
+            self.visit(keyword.value, frame)
+            try:
+                val = keyword.value.as_const(frame.eval_ctx)
+            except nodes.Impossible:
+                frame.eval_ctx.volatile = True
+            else:
+                setattr(frame.eval_ctx, keyword.key, val)
+
+    def visit_ScopedEvalContextModifier(
+        self, node: nodes.ScopedEvalContextModifier, frame: Frame
+    ) -> None:
+        old_ctx_name = self.temporary_identifier()
+        saved_ctx = frame.eval_ctx.save()
+        self.writeline(f"{old_ctx_name} = context.eval_ctx.save()")
+        self.visit_EvalContextModifier(node, frame)
+        for child in node.body:
+            self.visit(child, frame)
+        frame.eval_ctx.revert(saved_ctx)
+        self.writeline(f"context.eval_ctx.revert({old_ctx_name})")
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/constants.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/constants.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41a1c23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/constants.py
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#: list of lorem ipsum words used by the lipsum() helper function
+LOREM_IPSUM_WORDS = """\
+a ac accumsan ad adipiscing aenean aliquam aliquet amet ante aptent arcu at
+auctor augue bibendum blandit class commodo condimentum congue consectetuer
+consequat conubia convallis cras cubilia cum curabitur curae cursus dapibus
+diam dictum dictumst dignissim dis dolor donec dui duis egestas eget eleifend
+elementum elit enim erat eros est et etiam eu euismod facilisi facilisis fames
+faucibus felis fermentum feugiat fringilla fusce gravida habitant habitasse hac
+hendrerit hymenaeos iaculis id imperdiet in inceptos integer interdum ipsum
+justo lacinia lacus laoreet lectus leo libero ligula litora lobortis lorem
+luctus maecenas magna magnis malesuada massa mattis mauris metus mi molestie
+mollis montes morbi mus nam nascetur natoque nec neque netus nibh nisi nisl non
+nonummy nostra nulla nullam nunc odio orci ornare parturient pede pellentesque
+penatibus per pharetra phasellus placerat platea porta porttitor posuere
+potenti praesent pretium primis proin pulvinar purus quam quis quisque rhoncus
+ridiculus risus rutrum sagittis sapien scelerisque sed sem semper senectus sit
+sociis sociosqu sodales sollicitudin suscipit suspendisse taciti tellus tempor
+tempus tincidunt torquent tortor tristique turpis ullamcorper ultrices
+ultricies urna ut varius vehicula vel velit venenatis vestibulum vitae vivamus
+viverra volutpat vulputate"""
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/debug.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/debug.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02de4ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/debug.py
@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+import platform
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from types import CodeType
+from types import TracebackType
+
+from .exceptions import TemplateSyntaxError
+from .utils import internal_code
+from .utils import missing
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .runtime import Context
+
+
+def rewrite_traceback_stack(source: t.Optional[str] = None) -> BaseException:
+    """Rewrite the current exception to replace any tracebacks from
+    within compiled template code with tracebacks that look like they
+    came from the template source.
+
+    This must be called within an ``except`` block.
+
+    :param source: For ``TemplateSyntaxError``, the original source if
+        known.
+    :return: The original exception with the rewritten traceback.
+    """
+    _, exc_value, tb = sys.exc_info()
+    exc_value = t.cast(BaseException, exc_value)
+    tb = t.cast(TracebackType, tb)
+
+    if isinstance(exc_value, TemplateSyntaxError) and not exc_value.translated:
+        exc_value.translated = True
+        exc_value.source = source
+        # Remove the old traceback, otherwise the frames from the
+        # compiler still show up.
+        exc_value.with_traceback(None)
+        # Outside of runtime, so the frame isn't executing template
+        # code, but it still needs to point at the template.
+        tb = fake_traceback(
+            exc_value, None, exc_value.filename or "<unknown>", exc_value.lineno
+        )
+    else:
+        # Skip the frame for the render function.
+        tb = tb.tb_next
+
+    stack = []
+
+    # Build the stack of traceback object, replacing any in template
+    # code with the source file and line information.
+    while tb is not None:
+        # Skip frames decorated with @internalcode. These are internal
+        # calls that aren't useful in template debugging output.
+        if tb.tb_frame.f_code in internal_code:
+            tb = tb.tb_next
+            continue
+
+        template = tb.tb_frame.f_globals.get("__jinja_template__")
+
+        if template is not None:
+            lineno = template.get_corresponding_lineno(tb.tb_lineno)
+            fake_tb = fake_traceback(exc_value, tb, template.filename, lineno)
+            stack.append(fake_tb)
+        else:
+            stack.append(tb)
+
+        tb = tb.tb_next
+
+    tb_next = None
+
+    # Assign tb_next in reverse to avoid circular references.
+    for tb in reversed(stack):
+        tb_next = tb_set_next(tb, tb_next)
+
+    return exc_value.with_traceback(tb_next)
+
+
+def fake_traceback(  # type: ignore
+    exc_value: BaseException, tb: t.Optional[TracebackType], filename: str, lineno: int
+) -> TracebackType:
+    """Produce a new traceback object that looks like it came from the
+    template source instead of the compiled code. The filename, line
+    number, and location name will point to the template, and the local
+    variables will be the current template context.
+
+    :param exc_value: The original exception to be re-raised to create
+        the new traceback.
+    :param tb: The original traceback to get the local variables and
+        code info from.
+    :param filename: The template filename.
+    :param lineno: The line number in the template source.
+    """
+    if tb is not None:
+        # Replace the real locals with the context that would be
+        # available at that point in the template.
+        locals = get_template_locals(tb.tb_frame.f_locals)
+        locals.pop("__jinja_exception__", None)
+    else:
+        locals = {}
+
+    globals = {
+        "__name__": filename,
+        "__file__": filename,
+        "__jinja_exception__": exc_value,
+    }
+    # Raise an exception at the correct line number.
+    code = compile("\n" * (lineno - 1) + "raise __jinja_exception__", filename, "exec")
+
+    # Build a new code object that points to the template file and
+    # replaces the location with a block name.
+    try:
+        location = "template"
+
+        if tb is not None:
+            function = tb.tb_frame.f_code.co_name
+
+            if function == "root":
+                location = "top-level template code"
+            elif function.startswith("block_"):
+                location = f"block {function[6:]!r}"
+
+        # Collect arguments for the new code object. CodeType only
+        # accepts positional arguments, and arguments were inserted in
+        # new Python versions.
+        code_args = []
+
+        for attr in (
+            "argcount",
+            "posonlyargcount",  # Python 3.8
+            "kwonlyargcount",
+            "nlocals",
+            "stacksize",
+            "flags",
+            "code",  # codestring
+            "consts",  # constants
+            "names",
+            "varnames",
+            ("filename", filename),
+            ("name", location),
+            "firstlineno",
+            "lnotab",
+            "freevars",
+            "cellvars",
+            "linetable",  # Python 3.10
+        ):
+            if isinstance(attr, tuple):
+                # Replace with given value.
+                code_args.append(attr[1])
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                # Copy original value if it exists.
+                code_args.append(getattr(code, "co_" + t.cast(str, attr)))
+            except AttributeError:
+                # Some arguments were added later.
+                continue
+
+        code = CodeType(*code_args)
+    except Exception:
+        # Some environments such as Google App Engine don't support
+        # modifying code objects.
+        pass
+
+    # Execute the new code, which is guaranteed to raise, and return
+    # the new traceback without this frame.
+    try:
+        exec(code, globals, locals)
+    except BaseException:
+        return sys.exc_info()[2].tb_next  # type: ignore
+
+
+def get_template_locals(real_locals: t.Mapping[str, t.Any]) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+    """Based on the runtime locals, get the context that would be
+    available at that point in the template.
+    """
+    # Start with the current template context.
+    ctx: "t.Optional[Context]" = real_locals.get("context")
+
+    if ctx is not None:
+        data: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = ctx.get_all().copy()
+    else:
+        data = {}
+
+    # Might be in a derived context that only sets local variables
+    # rather than pushing a context. Local variables follow the scheme
+    # l_depth_name. Find the highest-depth local that has a value for
+    # each name.
+    local_overrides: t.Dict[str, t.Tuple[int, t.Any]] = {}
+
+    for name, value in real_locals.items():
+        if not name.startswith("l_") or value is missing:
+            # Not a template variable, or no longer relevant.
+            continue
+
+        try:
+            _, depth_str, name = name.split("_", 2)
+            depth = int(depth_str)
+        except ValueError:
+            continue
+
+        cur_depth = local_overrides.get(name, (-1,))[0]
+
+        if cur_depth < depth:
+            local_overrides[name] = (depth, value)
+
+    # Modify the context with any derived context.
+    for name, (_, value) in local_overrides.items():
+        if value is missing:
+            data.pop(name, None)
+        else:
+            data[name] = value
+
+    return data
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 7):
+    # tb_next is directly assignable as of Python 3.7
+    def tb_set_next(
+        tb: TracebackType, tb_next: t.Optional[TracebackType]
+    ) -> TracebackType:
+        tb.tb_next = tb_next
+        return tb
+
+
+elif platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy":
+    # PyPy might have special support, and won't work with ctypes.
+    try:
+        import tputil  # type: ignore
+    except ImportError:
+        # Without tproxy support, use the original traceback.
+        def tb_set_next(
+            tb: TracebackType, tb_next: t.Optional[TracebackType]
+        ) -> TracebackType:
+            return tb
+
+    else:
+        # With tproxy support, create a proxy around the traceback that
+        # returns the new tb_next.
+        def tb_set_next(
+            tb: TracebackType, tb_next: t.Optional[TracebackType]
+        ) -> TracebackType:
+            def controller(op):  # type: ignore
+                if op.opname == "__getattribute__" and op.args[0] == "tb_next":
+                    return tb_next
+
+                return op.delegate()
+
+            return tputil.make_proxy(controller, obj=tb)  # type: ignore
+
+
+else:
+    # Use ctypes to assign tb_next at the C level since it's read-only
+    # from Python.
+    import ctypes
+
+    class _CTraceback(ctypes.Structure):
+        _fields_ = [
+            # Extra PyObject slots when compiled with Py_TRACE_REFS.
+            ("PyObject_HEAD", ctypes.c_byte * object().__sizeof__()),
+            # Only care about tb_next as an object, not a traceback.
+            ("tb_next", ctypes.py_object),
+        ]
+
+    def tb_set_next(
+        tb: TracebackType, tb_next: t.Optional[TracebackType]
+    ) -> TracebackType:
+        c_tb = _CTraceback.from_address(id(tb))
+
+        # Clear out the old tb_next.
+        if tb.tb_next is not None:
+            c_tb_next = ctypes.py_object(tb.tb_next)
+            c_tb.tb_next = ctypes.py_object()
+            ctypes.pythonapi.Py_DecRef(c_tb_next)
+
+        # Assign the new tb_next.
+        if tb_next is not None:
+            c_tb_next = ctypes.py_object(tb_next)
+            ctypes.pythonapi.Py_IncRef(c_tb_next)
+            c_tb.tb_next = c_tb_next
+
+        return tb
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/defaults.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/defaults.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..638cad3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/defaults.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import typing as t
+
+from .filters import FILTERS as DEFAULT_FILTERS  # noqa: F401
+from .tests import TESTS as DEFAULT_TESTS  # noqa: F401
+from .utils import Cycler
+from .utils import generate_lorem_ipsum
+from .utils import Joiner
+from .utils import Namespace
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+
+# defaults for the parser / lexer
+BLOCK_START_STRING = "{%"
+BLOCK_END_STRING = "%}"
+VARIABLE_START_STRING = "{{"
+VARIABLE_END_STRING = "}}"
+COMMENT_START_STRING = "{#"
+COMMENT_END_STRING = "#}"
+LINE_STATEMENT_PREFIX: t.Optional[str] = None
+LINE_COMMENT_PREFIX: t.Optional[str] = None
+TRIM_BLOCKS = False
+LSTRIP_BLOCKS = False
+NEWLINE_SEQUENCE: "te.Literal['\\n', '\\r\\n', '\\r']" = "\n"
+KEEP_TRAILING_NEWLINE = False
+
+# default filters, tests and namespace
+
+DEFAULT_NAMESPACE = {
+    "range": range,
+    "dict": dict,
+    "lipsum": generate_lorem_ipsum,
+    "cycler": Cycler,
+    "joiner": Joiner,
+    "namespace": Namespace,
+}
+
+# default policies
+DEFAULT_POLICIES: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {
+    "compiler.ascii_str": True,
+    "urlize.rel": "noopener",
+    "urlize.target": None,
+    "urlize.extra_schemes": None,
+    "truncate.leeway": 5,
+    "json.dumps_function": None,
+    "json.dumps_kwargs": {"sort_keys": True},
+    "ext.i18n.trimmed": False,
+}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/environment.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/environment.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a831db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/environment.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1674 @@
+"""Classes for managing templates and their runtime and compile time
+options.
+"""
+import os
+import sys
+import typing
+import typing as t
+import weakref
+from collections import ChainMap
+from functools import lru_cache
+from functools import partial
+from functools import reduce
+from types import CodeType
+
+from markupsafe import Markup
+
+from . import nodes
+from .compiler import CodeGenerator
+from .compiler import generate
+from .defaults import BLOCK_END_STRING
+from .defaults import BLOCK_START_STRING
+from .defaults import COMMENT_END_STRING
+from .defaults import COMMENT_START_STRING
+from .defaults import DEFAULT_FILTERS
+from .defaults import DEFAULT_NAMESPACE
+from .defaults import DEFAULT_POLICIES
+from .defaults import DEFAULT_TESTS
+from .defaults import KEEP_TRAILING_NEWLINE
+from .defaults import LINE_COMMENT_PREFIX
+from .defaults import LINE_STATEMENT_PREFIX
+from .defaults import LSTRIP_BLOCKS
+from .defaults import NEWLINE_SEQUENCE
+from .defaults import TRIM_BLOCKS
+from .defaults import VARIABLE_END_STRING
+from .defaults import VARIABLE_START_STRING
+from .exceptions import TemplateNotFound
+from .exceptions import TemplateRuntimeError
+from .exceptions import TemplatesNotFound
+from .exceptions import TemplateSyntaxError
+from .exceptions import UndefinedError
+from .lexer import get_lexer
+from .lexer import Lexer
+from .lexer import TokenStream
+from .nodes import EvalContext
+from .parser import Parser
+from .runtime import Context
+from .runtime import new_context
+from .runtime import Undefined
+from .utils import _PassArg
+from .utils import concat
+from .utils import consume
+from .utils import import_string
+from .utils import internalcode
+from .utils import LRUCache
+from .utils import missing
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .bccache import BytecodeCache
+    from .ext import Extension
+    from .loaders import BaseLoader
+
+_env_bound = t.TypeVar("_env_bound", bound="Environment")
+
+
+# for direct template usage we have up to ten living environments
+@lru_cache(maxsize=10)
+def get_spontaneous_environment(cls: t.Type[_env_bound], *args: t.Any) -> _env_bound:
+    """Return a new spontaneous environment. A spontaneous environment
+    is used for templates created directly rather than through an
+    existing environment.
+
+    :param cls: Environment class to create.
+    :param args: Positional arguments passed to environment.
+    """
+    env = cls(*args)
+    env.shared = True
+    return env
+
+
+def create_cache(
+    size: int,
+) -> t.Optional[t.MutableMapping[t.Tuple[weakref.ref, str], "Template"]]:
+    """Return the cache class for the given size."""
+    if size == 0:
+        return None
+
+    if size < 0:
+        return {}
+
+    return LRUCache(size)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def copy_cache(
+    cache: t.Optional[t.MutableMapping],
+) -> t.Optional[t.MutableMapping[t.Tuple[weakref.ref, str], "Template"]]:
+    """Create an empty copy of the given cache."""
+    if cache is None:
+        return None
+
+    if type(cache) is dict:
+        return {}
+
+    return LRUCache(cache.capacity)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def load_extensions(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    extensions: t.Sequence[t.Union[str, t.Type["Extension"]]],
+) -> t.Dict[str, "Extension"]:
+    """Load the extensions from the list and bind it to the environment.
+    Returns a dict of instantiated extensions.
+    """
+    result = {}
+
+    for extension in extensions:
+        if isinstance(extension, str):
+            extension = t.cast(t.Type["Extension"], import_string(extension))
+
+        result[extension.identifier] = extension(environment)
+
+    return result
+
+
+def _environment_config_check(environment: "Environment") -> "Environment":
+    """Perform a sanity check on the environment."""
+    assert issubclass(
+        environment.undefined, Undefined
+    ), "'undefined' must be a subclass of 'jinja2.Undefined'."
+    assert (
+        environment.block_start_string
+        != environment.variable_start_string
+        != environment.comment_start_string
+    ), "block, variable and comment start strings must be different."
+    assert environment.newline_sequence in {
+        "\r",
+        "\r\n",
+        "\n",
+    }, "'newline_sequence' must be one of '\\n', '\\r\\n', or '\\r'."
+    return environment
+
+
+class Environment:
+    r"""The core component of Jinja is the `Environment`.  It contains
+    important shared variables like configuration, filters, tests,
+    globals and others.  Instances of this class may be modified if
+    they are not shared and if no template was loaded so far.
+    Modifications on environments after the first template was loaded
+    will lead to surprising effects and undefined behavior.
+
+    Here are the possible initialization parameters:
+
+        `block_start_string`
+            The string marking the beginning of a block.  Defaults to ``'{%'``.
+
+        `block_end_string`
+            The string marking the end of a block.  Defaults to ``'%}'``.
+
+        `variable_start_string`
+            The string marking the beginning of a print statement.
+            Defaults to ``'{{'``.
+
+        `variable_end_string`
+            The string marking the end of a print statement.  Defaults to
+            ``'}}'``.
+
+        `comment_start_string`
+            The string marking the beginning of a comment.  Defaults to ``'{#'``.
+
+        `comment_end_string`
+            The string marking the end of a comment.  Defaults to ``'#}'``.
+
+        `line_statement_prefix`
+            If given and a string, this will be used as prefix for line based
+            statements.  See also :ref:`line-statements`.
+
+        `line_comment_prefix`
+            If given and a string, this will be used as prefix for line based
+            comments.  See also :ref:`line-statements`.
+
+            .. versionadded:: 2.2
+
+        `trim_blocks`
+            If this is set to ``True`` the first newline after a block is
+            removed (block, not variable tag!).  Defaults to `False`.
+
+        `lstrip_blocks`
+            If this is set to ``True`` leading spaces and tabs are stripped
+            from the start of a line to a block.  Defaults to `False`.
+
+        `newline_sequence`
+            The sequence that starts a newline.  Must be one of ``'\r'``,
+            ``'\n'`` or ``'\r\n'``.  The default is ``'\n'`` which is a
+            useful default for Linux and OS X systems as well as web
+            applications.
+
+        `keep_trailing_newline`
+            Preserve the trailing newline when rendering templates.
+            The default is ``False``, which causes a single newline,
+            if present, to be stripped from the end of the template.
+
+            .. versionadded:: 2.7
+
+        `extensions`
+            List of Jinja extensions to use.  This can either be import paths
+            as strings or extension classes.  For more information have a
+            look at :ref:`the extensions documentation <jinja-extensions>`.
+
+        `optimized`
+            should the optimizer be enabled?  Default is ``True``.
+
+        `undefined`
+            :class:`Undefined` or a subclass of it that is used to represent
+            undefined values in the template.
+
+        `finalize`
+            A callable that can be used to process the result of a variable
+            expression before it is output.  For example one can convert
+            ``None`` implicitly into an empty string here.
+
+        `autoescape`
+            If set to ``True`` the XML/HTML autoescaping feature is enabled by
+            default.  For more details about autoescaping see
+            :class:`~markupsafe.Markup`.  As of Jinja 2.4 this can also
+            be a callable that is passed the template name and has to
+            return ``True`` or ``False`` depending on autoescape should be
+            enabled by default.
+
+            .. versionchanged:: 2.4
+               `autoescape` can now be a function
+
+        `loader`
+            The template loader for this environment.
+
+        `cache_size`
+            The size of the cache.  Per default this is ``400`` which means
+            that if more than 400 templates are loaded the loader will clean
+            out the least recently used template.  If the cache size is set to
+            ``0`` templates are recompiled all the time, if the cache size is
+            ``-1`` the cache will not be cleaned.
+
+            .. versionchanged:: 2.8
+               The cache size was increased to 400 from a low 50.
+
+        `auto_reload`
+            Some loaders load templates from locations where the template
+            sources may change (ie: file system or database).  If
+            ``auto_reload`` is set to ``True`` (default) every time a template is
+            requested the loader checks if the source changed and if yes, it
+            will reload the template.  For higher performance it's possible to
+            disable that.
+
+        `bytecode_cache`
+            If set to a bytecode cache object, this object will provide a
+            cache for the internal Jinja bytecode so that templates don't
+            have to be parsed if they were not changed.
+
+            See :ref:`bytecode-cache` for more information.
+
+        `enable_async`
+            If set to true this enables async template execution which
+            allows using async functions and generators.
+    """
+
+    #: if this environment is sandboxed.  Modifying this variable won't make
+    #: the environment sandboxed though.  For a real sandboxed environment
+    #: have a look at jinja2.sandbox.  This flag alone controls the code
+    #: generation by the compiler.
+    sandboxed = False
+
+    #: True if the environment is just an overlay
+    overlayed = False
+
+    #: the environment this environment is linked to if it is an overlay
+    linked_to: t.Optional["Environment"] = None
+
+    #: shared environments have this set to `True`.  A shared environment
+    #: must not be modified
+    shared = False
+
+    #: the class that is used for code generation.  See
+    #: :class:`~jinja2.compiler.CodeGenerator` for more information.
+    code_generator_class: t.Type["CodeGenerator"] = CodeGenerator
+
+    #: the context class that is used for templates.  See
+    #: :class:`~jinja2.runtime.Context` for more information.
+    context_class: t.Type[Context] = Context
+
+    template_class: t.Type["Template"]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        block_start_string: str = BLOCK_START_STRING,
+        block_end_string: str = BLOCK_END_STRING,
+        variable_start_string: str = VARIABLE_START_STRING,
+        variable_end_string: str = VARIABLE_END_STRING,
+        comment_start_string: str = COMMENT_START_STRING,
+        comment_end_string: str = COMMENT_END_STRING,
+        line_statement_prefix: t.Optional[str] = LINE_STATEMENT_PREFIX,
+        line_comment_prefix: t.Optional[str] = LINE_COMMENT_PREFIX,
+        trim_blocks: bool = TRIM_BLOCKS,
+        lstrip_blocks: bool = LSTRIP_BLOCKS,
+        newline_sequence: "te.Literal['\\n', '\\r\\n', '\\r']" = NEWLINE_SEQUENCE,
+        keep_trailing_newline: bool = KEEP_TRAILING_NEWLINE,
+        extensions: t.Sequence[t.Union[str, t.Type["Extension"]]] = (),
+        optimized: bool = True,
+        undefined: t.Type[Undefined] = Undefined,
+        finalize: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., t.Any]] = None,
+        autoescape: t.Union[bool, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str]], bool]] = False,
+        loader: t.Optional["BaseLoader"] = None,
+        cache_size: int = 400,
+        auto_reload: bool = True,
+        bytecode_cache: t.Optional["BytecodeCache"] = None,
+        enable_async: bool = False,
+    ):
+        # !!Important notice!!
+        #   The constructor accepts quite a few arguments that should be
+        #   passed by keyword rather than position.  However it's important to
+        #   not change the order of arguments because it's used at least
+        #   internally in those cases:
+        #       -   spontaneous environments (i18n extension and Template)
+        #       -   unittests
+        #   If parameter changes are required only add parameters at the end
+        #   and don't change the arguments (or the defaults!) of the arguments
+        #   existing already.
+
+        # lexer / parser information
+        self.block_start_string = block_start_string
+        self.block_end_string = block_end_string
+        self.variable_start_string = variable_start_string
+        self.variable_end_string = variable_end_string
+        self.comment_start_string = comment_start_string
+        self.comment_end_string = comment_end_string
+        self.line_statement_prefix = line_statement_prefix
+        self.line_comment_prefix = line_comment_prefix
+        self.trim_blocks = trim_blocks
+        self.lstrip_blocks = lstrip_blocks
+        self.newline_sequence = newline_sequence
+        self.keep_trailing_newline = keep_trailing_newline
+
+        # runtime information
+        self.undefined: t.Type[Undefined] = undefined
+        self.optimized = optimized
+        self.finalize = finalize
+        self.autoescape = autoescape
+
+        # defaults
+        self.filters = DEFAULT_FILTERS.copy()
+        self.tests = DEFAULT_TESTS.copy()
+        self.globals = DEFAULT_NAMESPACE.copy()
+
+        # set the loader provided
+        self.loader = loader
+        self.cache = create_cache(cache_size)
+        self.bytecode_cache = bytecode_cache
+        self.auto_reload = auto_reload
+
+        # configurable policies
+        self.policies = DEFAULT_POLICIES.copy()
+
+        # load extensions
+        self.extensions = load_extensions(self, extensions)
+
+        self.is_async = enable_async
+        _environment_config_check(self)
+
+    def add_extension(self, extension: t.Union[str, t.Type["Extension"]]) -> None:
+        """Adds an extension after the environment was created.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.5
+        """
+        self.extensions.update(load_extensions(self, [extension]))
+
+    def extend(self, **attributes: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Add the items to the instance of the environment if they do not exist
+        yet.  This is used by :ref:`extensions <writing-extensions>` to register
+        callbacks and configuration values without breaking inheritance.
+        """
+        for key, value in attributes.items():
+            if not hasattr(self, key):
+                setattr(self, key, value)
+
+    def overlay(
+        self,
+        block_start_string: str = missing,
+        block_end_string: str = missing,
+        variable_start_string: str = missing,
+        variable_end_string: str = missing,
+        comment_start_string: str = missing,
+        comment_end_string: str = missing,
+        line_statement_prefix: t.Optional[str] = missing,
+        line_comment_prefix: t.Optional[str] = missing,
+        trim_blocks: bool = missing,
+        lstrip_blocks: bool = missing,
+        extensions: t.Sequence[t.Union[str, t.Type["Extension"]]] = missing,
+        optimized: bool = missing,
+        undefined: t.Type[Undefined] = missing,
+        finalize: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., t.Any]] = missing,
+        autoescape: t.Union[bool, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str]], bool]] = missing,
+        loader: t.Optional["BaseLoader"] = missing,
+        cache_size: int = missing,
+        auto_reload: bool = missing,
+        bytecode_cache: t.Optional["BytecodeCache"] = missing,
+    ) -> "Environment":
+        """Create a new overlay environment that shares all the data with the
+        current environment except for cache and the overridden attributes.
+        Extensions cannot be removed for an overlayed environment.  An overlayed
+        environment automatically gets all the extensions of the environment it
+        is linked to plus optional extra extensions.
+
+        Creating overlays should happen after the initial environment was set
+        up completely.  Not all attributes are truly linked, some are just
+        copied over so modifications on the original environment may not shine
+        through.
+        """
+        args = dict(locals())
+        del args["self"], args["cache_size"], args["extensions"]
+
+        rv = object.__new__(self.__class__)
+        rv.__dict__.update(self.__dict__)
+        rv.overlayed = True
+        rv.linked_to = self
+
+        for key, value in args.items():
+            if value is not missing:
+                setattr(rv, key, value)
+
+        if cache_size is not missing:
+            rv.cache = create_cache(cache_size)
+        else:
+            rv.cache = copy_cache(self.cache)
+
+        rv.extensions = {}
+        for key, value in self.extensions.items():
+            rv.extensions[key] = value.bind(rv)
+        if extensions is not missing:
+            rv.extensions.update(load_extensions(rv, extensions))
+
+        return _environment_config_check(rv)
+
+    @property
+    def lexer(self) -> Lexer:
+        """The lexer for this environment."""
+        return get_lexer(self)
+
+    def iter_extensions(self) -> t.Iterator["Extension"]:
+        """Iterates over the extensions by priority."""
+        return iter(sorted(self.extensions.values(), key=lambda x: x.priority))
+
+    def getitem(
+        self, obj: t.Any, argument: t.Union[str, t.Any]
+    ) -> t.Union[t.Any, Undefined]:
+        """Get an item or attribute of an object but prefer the item."""
+        try:
+            return obj[argument]
+        except (AttributeError, TypeError, LookupError):
+            if isinstance(argument, str):
+                try:
+                    attr = str(argument)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        return getattr(obj, attr)
+                    except AttributeError:
+                        pass
+            return self.undefined(obj=obj, name=argument)
+
+    def getattr(self, obj: t.Any, attribute: str) -> t.Any:
+        """Get an item or attribute of an object but prefer the attribute.
+        Unlike :meth:`getitem` the attribute *must* be a string.
+        """
+        try:
+            return getattr(obj, attribute)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        try:
+            return obj[attribute]
+        except (TypeError, LookupError, AttributeError):
+            return self.undefined(obj=obj, name=attribute)
+
+    def _filter_test_common(
+        self,
+        name: t.Union[str, Undefined],
+        value: t.Any,
+        args: t.Optional[t.Sequence[t.Any]],
+        kwargs: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]],
+        context: t.Optional[Context],
+        eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext],
+        is_filter: bool,
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        if is_filter:
+            env_map = self.filters
+            type_name = "filter"
+        else:
+            env_map = self.tests
+            type_name = "test"
+
+        func = env_map.get(name)  # type: ignore
+
+        if func is None:
+            msg = f"No {type_name} named {name!r}."
+
+            if isinstance(name, Undefined):
+                try:
+                    name._fail_with_undefined_error()
+                except Exception as e:
+                    msg = f"{msg} ({e}; did you forget to quote the callable name?)"
+
+            raise TemplateRuntimeError(msg)
+
+        args = [value, *(args if args is not None else ())]
+        kwargs = kwargs if kwargs is not None else {}
+        pass_arg = _PassArg.from_obj(func)
+
+        if pass_arg is _PassArg.context:
+            if context is None:
+                raise TemplateRuntimeError(
+                    f"Attempted to invoke a context {type_name} without context."
+                )
+
+            args.insert(0, context)
+        elif pass_arg is _PassArg.eval_context:
+            if eval_ctx is None:
+                if context is not None:
+                    eval_ctx = context.eval_ctx
+                else:
+                    eval_ctx = EvalContext(self)
+
+            args.insert(0, eval_ctx)
+        elif pass_arg is _PassArg.environment:
+            args.insert(0, self)
+
+        return func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def call_filter(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        value: t.Any,
+        args: t.Optional[t.Sequence[t.Any]] = None,
+        kwargs: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        context: t.Optional[Context] = None,
+        eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None,
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        """Invoke a filter on a value the same way the compiler does.
+
+        This might return a coroutine if the filter is running from an
+        environment in async mode and the filter supports async
+        execution. It's your responsibility to await this if needed.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.7
+        """
+        return self._filter_test_common(
+            name, value, args, kwargs, context, eval_ctx, True
+        )
+
+    def call_test(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        value: t.Any,
+        args: t.Optional[t.Sequence[t.Any]] = None,
+        kwargs: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        context: t.Optional[Context] = None,
+        eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None,
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        """Invoke a test on a value the same way the compiler does.
+
+        This might return a coroutine if the test is running from an
+        environment in async mode and the test supports async execution.
+        It's your responsibility to await this if needed.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+            Tests support ``@pass_context``, etc. decorators. Added
+            the ``context`` and ``eval_ctx`` parameters.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.7
+        """
+        return self._filter_test_common(
+            name, value, args, kwargs, context, eval_ctx, False
+        )
+
+    @internalcode
+    def parse(
+        self,
+        source: str,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> nodes.Template:
+        """Parse the sourcecode and return the abstract syntax tree.  This
+        tree of nodes is used by the compiler to convert the template into
+        executable source- or bytecode.  This is useful for debugging or to
+        extract information from templates.
+
+        If you are :ref:`developing Jinja extensions <writing-extensions>`
+        this gives you a good overview of the node tree generated.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._parse(source, name, filename)
+        except TemplateSyntaxError:
+            self.handle_exception(source=source)
+
+    def _parse(
+        self, source: str, name: t.Optional[str], filename: t.Optional[str]
+    ) -> nodes.Template:
+        """Internal parsing function used by `parse` and `compile`."""
+        return Parser(self, source, name, filename).parse()
+
+    def lex(
+        self,
+        source: str,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[int, str, str]]:
+        """Lex the given sourcecode and return a generator that yields
+        tokens as tuples in the form ``(lineno, token_type, value)``.
+        This can be useful for :ref:`extension development <writing-extensions>`
+        and debugging templates.
+
+        This does not perform preprocessing.  If you want the preprocessing
+        of the extensions to be applied you have to filter source through
+        the :meth:`preprocess` method.
+        """
+        source = str(source)
+        try:
+            return self.lexer.tokeniter(source, name, filename)
+        except TemplateSyntaxError:
+            self.handle_exception(source=source)
+
+    def preprocess(
+        self,
+        source: str,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Preprocesses the source with all extensions.  This is automatically
+        called for all parsing and compiling methods but *not* for :meth:`lex`
+        because there you usually only want the actual source tokenized.
+        """
+        return reduce(
+            lambda s, e: e.preprocess(s, name, filename),
+            self.iter_extensions(),
+            str(source),
+        )
+
+    def _tokenize(
+        self,
+        source: str,
+        name: t.Optional[str],
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        state: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> TokenStream:
+        """Called by the parser to do the preprocessing and filtering
+        for all the extensions.  Returns a :class:`~jinja2.lexer.TokenStream`.
+        """
+        source = self.preprocess(source, name, filename)
+        stream = self.lexer.tokenize(source, name, filename, state)
+
+        for ext in self.iter_extensions():
+            stream = ext.filter_stream(stream)  # type: ignore
+
+            if not isinstance(stream, TokenStream):
+                stream = TokenStream(stream, name, filename)  # type: ignore
+
+        return stream
+
+    def _generate(
+        self,
+        source: nodes.Template,
+        name: t.Optional[str],
+        filename: t.Optional[str],
+        defer_init: bool = False,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Internal hook that can be overridden to hook a different generate
+        method in.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.5
+        """
+        return generate(  # type: ignore
+            source,
+            self,
+            name,
+            filename,
+            defer_init=defer_init,
+            optimized=self.optimized,
+        )
+
+    def _compile(self, source: str, filename: str) -> CodeType:
+        """Internal hook that can be overridden to hook a different compile
+        method in.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.5
+        """
+        return compile(source, filename, "exec")  # type: ignore
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def compile(  # type: ignore
+        self,
+        source: t.Union[str, nodes.Template],
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        raw: "te.Literal[False]" = False,
+        defer_init: bool = False,
+    ) -> CodeType:
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def compile(
+        self,
+        source: t.Union[str, nodes.Template],
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        raw: "te.Literal[True]" = ...,
+        defer_init: bool = False,
+    ) -> str:
+        ...
+
+    @internalcode
+    def compile(
+        self,
+        source: t.Union[str, nodes.Template],
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        raw: bool = False,
+        defer_init: bool = False,
+    ) -> t.Union[str, CodeType]:
+        """Compile a node or template source code.  The `name` parameter is
+        the load name of the template after it was joined using
+        :meth:`join_path` if necessary, not the filename on the file system.
+        the `filename` parameter is the estimated filename of the template on
+        the file system.  If the template came from a database or memory this
+        can be omitted.
+
+        The return value of this method is a python code object.  If the `raw`
+        parameter is `True` the return value will be a string with python
+        code equivalent to the bytecode returned otherwise.  This method is
+        mainly used internally.
+
+        `defer_init` is use internally to aid the module code generator.  This
+        causes the generated code to be able to import without the global
+        environment variable to be set.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.4
+           `defer_init` parameter added.
+        """
+        source_hint = None
+        try:
+            if isinstance(source, str):
+                source_hint = source
+                source = self._parse(source, name, filename)
+            source = self._generate(source, name, filename, defer_init=defer_init)
+            if raw:
+                return source
+            if filename is None:
+                filename = "<template>"
+            return self._compile(source, filename)
+        except TemplateSyntaxError:
+            self.handle_exception(source=source_hint)
+
+    def compile_expression(
+        self, source: str, undefined_to_none: bool = True
+    ) -> "TemplateExpression":
+        """A handy helper method that returns a callable that accepts keyword
+        arguments that appear as variables in the expression.  If called it
+        returns the result of the expression.
+
+        This is useful if applications want to use the same rules as Jinja
+        in template "configuration files" or similar situations.
+
+        Example usage:
+
+        >>> env = Environment()
+        >>> expr = env.compile_expression('foo == 42')
+        >>> expr(foo=23)
+        False
+        >>> expr(foo=42)
+        True
+
+        Per default the return value is converted to `None` if the
+        expression returns an undefined value.  This can be changed
+        by setting `undefined_to_none` to `False`.
+
+        >>> env.compile_expression('var')() is None
+        True
+        >>> env.compile_expression('var', undefined_to_none=False)()
+        Undefined
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.1
+        """
+        parser = Parser(self, source, state="variable")
+        try:
+            expr = parser.parse_expression()
+            if not parser.stream.eos:
+                raise TemplateSyntaxError(
+                    "chunk after expression", parser.stream.current.lineno, None, None
+                )
+            expr.set_environment(self)
+        except TemplateSyntaxError:
+            self.handle_exception(source=source)
+
+        body = [nodes.Assign(nodes.Name("result", "store"), expr, lineno=1)]
+        template = self.from_string(nodes.Template(body, lineno=1))
+        return TemplateExpression(template, undefined_to_none)
+
+    def compile_templates(
+        self,
+        target: t.Union[str, os.PathLike],
+        extensions: t.Optional[t.Collection[str]] = None,
+        filter_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str], bool]] = None,
+        zip: t.Optional[str] = "deflated",
+        log_function: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str], None]] = None,
+        ignore_errors: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Finds all the templates the loader can find, compiles them
+        and stores them in `target`.  If `zip` is `None`, instead of in a
+        zipfile, the templates will be stored in a directory.
+        By default a deflate zip algorithm is used. To switch to
+        the stored algorithm, `zip` can be set to ``'stored'``.
+
+        `extensions` and `filter_func` are passed to :meth:`list_templates`.
+        Each template returned will be compiled to the target folder or
+        zipfile.
+
+        By default template compilation errors are ignored.  In case a
+        log function is provided, errors are logged.  If you want template
+        syntax errors to abort the compilation you can set `ignore_errors`
+        to `False` and you will get an exception on syntax errors.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.4
+        """
+        from .loaders import ModuleLoader
+
+        if log_function is None:
+
+            def log_function(x: str) -> None:
+                pass
+
+        assert log_function is not None
+        assert self.loader is not None, "No loader configured."
+
+        def write_file(filename: str, data: str) -> None:
+            if zip:
+                info = ZipInfo(filename)
+                info.external_attr = 0o755 << 16
+                zip_file.writestr(info, data)
+            else:
+                with open(os.path.join(target, filename), "wb") as f:
+                    f.write(data.encode("utf8"))
+
+        if zip is not None:
+            from zipfile import ZipFile, ZipInfo, ZIP_DEFLATED, ZIP_STORED
+
+            zip_file = ZipFile(
+                target, "w", dict(deflated=ZIP_DEFLATED, stored=ZIP_STORED)[zip]
+            )
+            log_function(f"Compiling into Zip archive {target!r}")
+        else:
+            if not os.path.isdir(target):
+                os.makedirs(target)
+            log_function(f"Compiling into folder {target!r}")
+
+        try:
+            for name in self.list_templates(extensions, filter_func):
+                source, filename, _ = self.loader.get_source(self, name)
+                try:
+                    code = self.compile(source, name, filename, True, True)
+                except TemplateSyntaxError as e:
+                    if not ignore_errors:
+                        raise
+                    log_function(f'Could not compile "{name}": {e}')
+                    continue
+
+                filename = ModuleLoader.get_module_filename(name)
+
+                write_file(filename, code)
+                log_function(f'Compiled "{name}" as {filename}')
+        finally:
+            if zip:
+                zip_file.close()
+
+        log_function("Finished compiling templates")
+
+    def list_templates(
+        self,
+        extensions: t.Optional[t.Collection[str]] = None,
+        filter_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str], bool]] = None,
+    ) -> t.List[str]:
+        """Returns a list of templates for this environment.  This requires
+        that the loader supports the loader's
+        :meth:`~BaseLoader.list_templates` method.
+
+        If there are other files in the template folder besides the
+        actual templates, the returned list can be filtered.  There are two
+        ways: either `extensions` is set to a list of file extensions for
+        templates, or a `filter_func` can be provided which is a callable that
+        is passed a template name and should return `True` if it should end up
+        in the result list.
+
+        If the loader does not support that, a :exc:`TypeError` is raised.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.4
+        """
+        assert self.loader is not None, "No loader configured."
+        names = self.loader.list_templates()
+
+        if extensions is not None:
+            if filter_func is not None:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "either extensions or filter_func can be passed, but not both"
+                )
+
+            def filter_func(x: str) -> bool:
+                return "." in x and x.rsplit(".", 1)[1] in extensions  # type: ignore
+
+        if filter_func is not None:
+            names = [name for name in names if filter_func(name)]
+
+        return names
+
+    def handle_exception(self, source: t.Optional[str] = None) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        """Exception handling helper.  This is used internally to either raise
+        rewritten exceptions or return a rendered traceback for the template.
+        """
+        from .debug import rewrite_traceback_stack
+
+        raise rewrite_traceback_stack(source=source)
+
+    def join_path(self, template: str, parent: str) -> str:
+        """Join a template with the parent.  By default all the lookups are
+        relative to the loader root so this method returns the `template`
+        parameter unchanged, but if the paths should be relative to the
+        parent template, this function can be used to calculate the real
+        template name.
+
+        Subclasses may override this method and implement template path
+        joining here.
+        """
+        return template
+
+    @internalcode
+    def _load_template(
+        self, name: str, globals: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]]
+    ) -> "Template":
+        if self.loader is None:
+            raise TypeError("no loader for this environment specified")
+        cache_key = (weakref.ref(self.loader), name)
+        if self.cache is not None:
+            template = self.cache.get(cache_key)
+            if template is not None and (
+                not self.auto_reload or template.is_up_to_date
+            ):
+                # template.globals is a ChainMap, modifying it will only
+                # affect the template, not the environment globals.
+                if globals:
+                    template.globals.update(globals)
+
+                return template
+
+        template = self.loader.load(self, name, self.make_globals(globals))
+
+        if self.cache is not None:
+            self.cache[cache_key] = template
+        return template
+
+    @internalcode
+    def get_template(
+        self,
+        name: t.Union[str, "Template"],
+        parent: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        globals: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "Template":
+        """Load a template by name with :attr:`loader` and return a
+        :class:`Template`. If the template does not exist a
+        :exc:`TemplateNotFound` exception is raised.
+
+        :param name: Name of the template to load.
+        :param parent: The name of the parent template importing this
+            template. :meth:`join_path` can be used to implement name
+            transformations with this.
+        :param globals: Extend the environment :attr:`globals` with
+            these extra variables available for all renders of this
+            template. If the template has already been loaded and
+            cached, its globals are updated with any new items.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+            If a template is loaded from cache, ``globals`` will update
+            the template's globals instead of ignoring the new values.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.4
+            If ``name`` is a :class:`Template` object it is returned
+            unchanged.
+        """
+        if isinstance(name, Template):
+            return name
+        if parent is not None:
+            name = self.join_path(name, parent)
+
+        return self._load_template(name, globals)
+
+    @internalcode
+    def select_template(
+        self,
+        names: t.Iterable[t.Union[str, "Template"]],
+        parent: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        globals: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "Template":
+        """Like :meth:`get_template`, but tries loading multiple names.
+        If none of the names can be loaded a :exc:`TemplatesNotFound`
+        exception is raised.
+
+        :param names: List of template names to try loading in order.
+        :param parent: The name of the parent template importing this
+            template. :meth:`join_path` can be used to implement name
+            transformations with this.
+        :param globals: Extend the environment :attr:`globals` with
+            these extra variables available for all renders of this
+            template. If the template has already been loaded and
+            cached, its globals are updated with any new items.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+            If a template is loaded from cache, ``globals`` will update
+            the template's globals instead of ignoring the new values.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.11
+            If ``names`` is :class:`Undefined`, an :exc:`UndefinedError`
+            is raised instead. If no templates were found and ``names``
+            contains :class:`Undefined`, the message is more helpful.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.4
+            If ``names`` contains a :class:`Template` object it is
+            returned unchanged.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.3
+        """
+        if isinstance(names, Undefined):
+            names._fail_with_undefined_error()
+
+        if not names:
+            raise TemplatesNotFound(
+                message="Tried to select from an empty list of templates."
+            )
+
+        for name in names:
+            if isinstance(name, Template):
+                return name
+            if parent is not None:
+                name = self.join_path(name, parent)
+            try:
+                return self._load_template(name, globals)
+            except (TemplateNotFound, UndefinedError):
+                pass
+        raise TemplatesNotFound(names)  # type: ignore
+
+    @internalcode
+    def get_or_select_template(
+        self,
+        template_name_or_list: t.Union[
+            str, "Template", t.List[t.Union[str, "Template"]]
+        ],
+        parent: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        globals: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "Template":
+        """Use :meth:`select_template` if an iterable of template names
+        is given, or :meth:`get_template` if one name is given.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.3
+        """
+        if isinstance(template_name_or_list, (str, Undefined)):
+            return self.get_template(template_name_or_list, parent, globals)
+        elif isinstance(template_name_or_list, Template):
+            return template_name_or_list
+        return self.select_template(template_name_or_list, parent, globals)
+
+    def from_string(
+        self,
+        source: t.Union[str, nodes.Template],
+        globals: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        template_class: t.Optional[t.Type["Template"]] = None,
+    ) -> "Template":
+        """Load a template from a source string without using
+        :attr:`loader`.
+
+        :param source: Jinja source to compile into a template.
+        :param globals: Extend the environment :attr:`globals` with
+            these extra variables available for all renders of this
+            template. If the template has already been loaded and
+            cached, its globals are updated with any new items.
+        :param template_class: Return an instance of this
+            :class:`Template` class.
+        """
+        gs = self.make_globals(globals)
+        cls = template_class or self.template_class
+        return cls.from_code(self, self.compile(source), gs, None)
+
+    def make_globals(
+        self, d: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]]
+    ) -> t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any]:
+        """Make the globals map for a template. Any given template
+        globals overlay the environment :attr:`globals`.
+
+        Returns a :class:`collections.ChainMap`. This allows any changes
+        to a template's globals to only affect that template, while
+        changes to the environment's globals are still reflected.
+        However, avoid modifying any globals after a template is loaded.
+
+        :param d: Dict of template-specific globals.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+            Use :class:`collections.ChainMap` to always prevent mutating
+            environment globals.
+        """
+        if d is None:
+            d = {}
+
+        return ChainMap(d, self.globals)
+
+
+class Template:
+    """The central template object.  This class represents a compiled template
+    and is used to evaluate it.
+
+    Normally the template object is generated from an :class:`Environment` but
+    it also has a constructor that makes it possible to create a template
+    instance directly using the constructor.  It takes the same arguments as
+    the environment constructor but it's not possible to specify a loader.
+
+    Every template object has a few methods and members that are guaranteed
+    to exist.  However it's important that a template object should be
+    considered immutable.  Modifications on the object are not supported.
+
+    Template objects created from the constructor rather than an environment
+    do have an `environment` attribute that points to a temporary environment
+    that is probably shared with other templates created with the constructor
+    and compatible settings.
+
+    >>> template = Template('Hello {{ name }}!')
+    >>> template.render(name='John Doe') == u'Hello John Doe!'
+    True
+    >>> stream = template.stream(name='John Doe')
+    >>> next(stream) == u'Hello John Doe!'
+    True
+    >>> next(stream)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    StopIteration
+    """
+
+    #: Type of environment to create when creating a template directly
+    #: rather than through an existing environment.
+    environment_class: t.Type[Environment] = Environment
+
+    environment: Environment
+    globals: t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any]
+    name: t.Optional[str]
+    filename: t.Optional[str]
+    blocks: t.Dict[str, t.Callable[[Context], t.Iterator[str]]]
+    root_render_func: t.Callable[[Context], t.Iterator[str]]
+    _module: t.Optional["TemplateModule"]
+    _debug_info: str
+    _uptodate: t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]]
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        source: t.Union[str, nodes.Template],
+        block_start_string: str = BLOCK_START_STRING,
+        block_end_string: str = BLOCK_END_STRING,
+        variable_start_string: str = VARIABLE_START_STRING,
+        variable_end_string: str = VARIABLE_END_STRING,
+        comment_start_string: str = COMMENT_START_STRING,
+        comment_end_string: str = COMMENT_END_STRING,
+        line_statement_prefix: t.Optional[str] = LINE_STATEMENT_PREFIX,
+        line_comment_prefix: t.Optional[str] = LINE_COMMENT_PREFIX,
+        trim_blocks: bool = TRIM_BLOCKS,
+        lstrip_blocks: bool = LSTRIP_BLOCKS,
+        newline_sequence: "te.Literal['\\n', '\\r\\n', '\\r']" = NEWLINE_SEQUENCE,
+        keep_trailing_newline: bool = KEEP_TRAILING_NEWLINE,
+        extensions: t.Sequence[t.Union[str, t.Type["Extension"]]] = (),
+        optimized: bool = True,
+        undefined: t.Type[Undefined] = Undefined,
+        finalize: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., t.Any]] = None,
+        autoescape: t.Union[bool, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str]], bool]] = False,
+        enable_async: bool = False,
+    ) -> t.Any:  # it returns a `Template`, but this breaks the sphinx build...
+        env = get_spontaneous_environment(
+            cls.environment_class,  # type: ignore
+            block_start_string,
+            block_end_string,
+            variable_start_string,
+            variable_end_string,
+            comment_start_string,
+            comment_end_string,
+            line_statement_prefix,
+            line_comment_prefix,
+            trim_blocks,
+            lstrip_blocks,
+            newline_sequence,
+            keep_trailing_newline,
+            frozenset(extensions),
+            optimized,
+            undefined,  # type: ignore
+            finalize,
+            autoescape,
+            None,
+            0,
+            False,
+            None,
+            enable_async,
+        )
+        return env.from_string(source, template_class=cls)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_code(
+        cls,
+        environment: Environment,
+        code: CodeType,
+        globals: t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any],
+        uptodate: t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]] = None,
+    ) -> "Template":
+        """Creates a template object from compiled code and the globals.  This
+        is used by the loaders and environment to create a template object.
+        """
+        namespace = {"environment": environment, "__file__": code.co_filename}
+        exec(code, namespace)
+        rv = cls._from_namespace(environment, namespace, globals)
+        rv._uptodate = uptodate
+        return rv
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_module_dict(
+        cls,
+        environment: Environment,
+        module_dict: t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any],
+        globals: t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any],
+    ) -> "Template":
+        """Creates a template object from a module.  This is used by the
+        module loader to create a template object.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.4
+        """
+        return cls._from_namespace(environment, module_dict, globals)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_namespace(
+        cls,
+        environment: Environment,
+        namespace: t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any],
+        globals: t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any],
+    ) -> "Template":
+        t: "Template" = object.__new__(cls)
+        t.environment = environment
+        t.globals = globals
+        t.name = namespace["name"]
+        t.filename = namespace["__file__"]
+        t.blocks = namespace["blocks"]
+
+        # render function and module
+        t.root_render_func = namespace["root"]  # type: ignore
+        t._module = None
+
+        # debug and loader helpers
+        t._debug_info = namespace["debug_info"]
+        t._uptodate = None
+
+        # store the reference
+        namespace["environment"] = environment
+        namespace["__jinja_template__"] = t
+
+        return t
+
+    def render(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> str:
+        """This method accepts the same arguments as the `dict` constructor:
+        A dict, a dict subclass or some keyword arguments.  If no arguments
+        are given the context will be empty.  These two calls do the same::
+
+            template.render(knights='that say nih')
+            template.render({'knights': 'that say nih'})
+
+        This will return the rendered template as a string.
+        """
+        if self.environment.is_async:
+            import asyncio
+
+            close = False
+
+            if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+                loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+            else:
+                try:
+                    loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+                except RuntimeError:
+                    loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+                    close = True
+
+            try:
+                return loop.run_until_complete(self.render_async(*args, **kwargs))
+            finally:
+                if close:
+                    loop.close()
+
+        ctx = self.new_context(dict(*args, **kwargs))
+
+        try:
+            return concat(self.root_render_func(ctx))  # type: ignore
+        except Exception:
+            self.environment.handle_exception()
+
+    async def render_async(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> str:
+        """This works similar to :meth:`render` but returns a coroutine
+        that when awaited returns the entire rendered template string.  This
+        requires the async feature to be enabled.
+
+        Example usage::
+
+            await template.render_async(knights='that say nih; asynchronously')
+        """
+        if not self.environment.is_async:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "The environment was not created with async mode enabled."
+            )
+
+        ctx = self.new_context(dict(*args, **kwargs))
+
+        try:
+            return concat([n async for n in self.root_render_func(ctx)])  # type: ignore
+        except Exception:
+            return self.environment.handle_exception()
+
+    def stream(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "TemplateStream":
+        """Works exactly like :meth:`generate` but returns a
+        :class:`TemplateStream`.
+        """
+        return TemplateStream(self.generate(*args, **kwargs))
+
+    def generate(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Iterator[str]:
+        """For very large templates it can be useful to not render the whole
+        template at once but evaluate each statement after another and yield
+        piece for piece.  This method basically does exactly that and returns
+        a generator that yields one item after another as strings.
+
+        It accepts the same arguments as :meth:`render`.
+        """
+        if self.environment.is_async:
+            import asyncio
+
+            async def to_list() -> t.List[str]:
+                return [x async for x in self.generate_async(*args, **kwargs)]
+
+            if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+                loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+                out = loop.run_until_complete(to_list())
+            else:
+                out = asyncio.run(to_list())
+
+            yield from out
+            return
+
+        ctx = self.new_context(dict(*args, **kwargs))
+
+        try:
+            yield from self.root_render_func(ctx)  # type: ignore
+        except Exception:
+            yield self.environment.handle_exception()
+
+    async def generate_async(
+        self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> t.AsyncIterator[str]:
+        """An async version of :meth:`generate`.  Works very similarly but
+        returns an async iterator instead.
+        """
+        if not self.environment.is_async:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "The environment was not created with async mode enabled."
+            )
+
+        ctx = self.new_context(dict(*args, **kwargs))
+
+        try:
+            async for event in self.root_render_func(ctx):  # type: ignore
+                yield event
+        except Exception:
+            yield self.environment.handle_exception()
+
+    def new_context(
+        self,
+        vars: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        shared: bool = False,
+        locals: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> Context:
+        """Create a new :class:`Context` for this template.  The vars
+        provided will be passed to the template.  Per default the globals
+        are added to the context.  If shared is set to `True` the data
+        is passed as is to the context without adding the globals.
+
+        `locals` can be a dict of local variables for internal usage.
+        """
+        return new_context(
+            self.environment, self.name, self.blocks, vars, shared, self.globals, locals
+        )
+
+    def make_module(
+        self,
+        vars: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        shared: bool = False,
+        locals: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "TemplateModule":
+        """This method works like the :attr:`module` attribute when called
+        without arguments but it will evaluate the template on every call
+        rather than caching it.  It's also possible to provide
+        a dict which is then used as context.  The arguments are the same
+        as for the :meth:`new_context` method.
+        """
+        ctx = self.new_context(vars, shared, locals)
+        return TemplateModule(self, ctx)
+
+    async def make_module_async(
+        self,
+        vars: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        shared: bool = False,
+        locals: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "TemplateModule":
+        """As template module creation can invoke template code for
+        asynchronous executions this method must be used instead of the
+        normal :meth:`make_module` one.  Likewise the module attribute
+        becomes unavailable in async mode.
+        """
+        ctx = self.new_context(vars, shared, locals)
+        return TemplateModule(
+            self, ctx, [x async for x in self.root_render_func(ctx)]  # type: ignore
+        )
+
+    @internalcode
+    def _get_default_module(self, ctx: t.Optional[Context] = None) -> "TemplateModule":
+        """If a context is passed in, this means that the template was
+        imported. Imported templates have access to the current
+        template's globals by default, but they can only be accessed via
+        the context during runtime.
+
+        If there are new globals, we need to create a new module because
+        the cached module is already rendered and will not have access
+        to globals from the current context. This new module is not
+        cached because the template can be imported elsewhere, and it
+        should have access to only the current template's globals.
+        """
+        if self.environment.is_async:
+            raise RuntimeError("Module is not available in async mode.")
+
+        if ctx is not None:
+            keys = ctx.globals_keys - self.globals.keys()
+
+            if keys:
+                return self.make_module({k: ctx.parent[k] for k in keys})
+
+        if self._module is None:
+            self._module = self.make_module()
+
+        return self._module
+
+    async def _get_default_module_async(
+        self, ctx: t.Optional[Context] = None
+    ) -> "TemplateModule":
+        if ctx is not None:
+            keys = ctx.globals_keys - self.globals.keys()
+
+            if keys:
+                return await self.make_module_async({k: ctx.parent[k] for k in keys})
+
+        if self._module is None:
+            self._module = await self.make_module_async()
+
+        return self._module
+
+    @property
+    def module(self) -> "TemplateModule":
+        """The template as module.  This is used for imports in the
+        template runtime but is also useful if one wants to access
+        exported template variables from the Python layer:
+
+        >>> t = Template('{% macro foo() %}42{% endmacro %}23')
+        >>> str(t.module)
+        '23'
+        >>> t.module.foo() == u'42'
+        True
+
+        This attribute is not available if async mode is enabled.
+        """
+        return self._get_default_module()
+
+    def get_corresponding_lineno(self, lineno: int) -> int:
+        """Return the source line number of a line number in the
+        generated bytecode as they are not in sync.
+        """
+        for template_line, code_line in reversed(self.debug_info):
+            if code_line <= lineno:
+                return template_line
+        return 1
+
+    @property
+    def is_up_to_date(self) -> bool:
+        """If this variable is `False` there is a newer version available."""
+        if self._uptodate is None:
+            return True
+        return self._uptodate()
+
+    @property
+    def debug_info(self) -> t.List[t.Tuple[int, int]]:
+        """The debug info mapping."""
+        if self._debug_info:
+            return [
+                tuple(map(int, x.split("=")))  # type: ignore
+                for x in self._debug_info.split("&")
+            ]
+
+        return []
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        if self.name is None:
+            name = f"memory:{id(self):x}"
+        else:
+            name = repr(self.name)
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {name}>"
+
+
+class TemplateModule:
+    """Represents an imported template.  All the exported names of the
+    template are available as attributes on this object.  Additionally
+    converting it into a string renders the contents.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        template: Template,
+        context: Context,
+        body_stream: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if body_stream is None:
+            if context.environment.is_async:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "Async mode requires a body stream to be passed to"
+                    " a template module. Use the async methods of the"
+                    " API you are using."
+                )
+
+            body_stream = list(template.root_render_func(context))  # type: ignore
+
+        self._body_stream = body_stream
+        self.__dict__.update(context.get_exported())
+        self.__name__ = template.name
+
+    def __html__(self) -> Markup:
+        return Markup(concat(self._body_stream))
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return concat(self._body_stream)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        if self.__name__ is None:
+            name = f"memory:{id(self):x}"
+        else:
+            name = repr(self.__name__)
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {name}>"
+
+
+class TemplateExpression:
+    """The :meth:`jinja2.Environment.compile_expression` method returns an
+    instance of this object.  It encapsulates the expression-like access
+    to the template with an expression it wraps.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, template: Template, undefined_to_none: bool) -> None:
+        self._template = template
+        self._undefined_to_none = undefined_to_none
+
+    def __call__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        context = self._template.new_context(dict(*args, **kwargs))
+        consume(self._template.root_render_func(context))  # type: ignore
+        rv = context.vars["result"]
+        if self._undefined_to_none and isinstance(rv, Undefined):
+            rv = None
+        return rv
+
+
+class TemplateStream:
+    """A template stream works pretty much like an ordinary python generator
+    but it can buffer multiple items to reduce the number of total iterations.
+    Per default the output is unbuffered which means that for every unbuffered
+    instruction in the template one string is yielded.
+
+    If buffering is enabled with a buffer size of 5, five items are combined
+    into a new string.  This is mainly useful if you are streaming
+    big templates to a client via WSGI which flushes after each iteration.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, gen: t.Iterator[str]) -> None:
+        self._gen = gen
+        self.disable_buffering()
+
+    def dump(
+        self,
+        fp: t.Union[str, t.IO],
+        encoding: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        errors: t.Optional[str] = "strict",
+    ) -> None:
+        """Dump the complete stream into a file or file-like object.
+        Per default strings are written, if you want to encode
+        before writing specify an `encoding`.
+
+        Example usage::
+
+            Template('Hello {{ name }}!').stream(name='foo').dump('hello.html')
+        """
+        close = False
+
+        if isinstance(fp, str):
+            if encoding is None:
+                encoding = "utf-8"
+
+            fp = open(fp, "wb")
+            close = True
+        try:
+            if encoding is not None:
+                iterable = (x.encode(encoding, errors) for x in self)  # type: ignore
+            else:
+                iterable = self  # type: ignore
+
+            if hasattr(fp, "writelines"):
+                fp.writelines(iterable)
+            else:
+                for item in iterable:
+                    fp.write(item)
+        finally:
+            if close:
+                fp.close()
+
+    def disable_buffering(self) -> None:
+        """Disable the output buffering."""
+        self._next = partial(next, self._gen)
+        self.buffered = False
+
+    def _buffered_generator(self, size: int) -> t.Iterator[str]:
+        buf: t.List[str] = []
+        c_size = 0
+        push = buf.append
+
+        while True:
+            try:
+                while c_size < size:
+                    c = next(self._gen)
+                    push(c)
+                    if c:
+                        c_size += 1
+            except StopIteration:
+                if not c_size:
+                    return
+            yield concat(buf)
+            del buf[:]
+            c_size = 0
+
+    def enable_buffering(self, size: int = 5) -> None:
+        """Enable buffering.  Buffer `size` items before yielding them."""
+        if size <= 1:
+            raise ValueError("buffer size too small")
+
+        self.buffered = True
+        self._next = partial(next, self._buffered_generator(size))
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> "TemplateStream":
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self) -> str:
+        return self._next()  # type: ignore
+
+
+# hook in default template class.  if anyone reads this comment: ignore that
+# it's possible to use custom templates ;-)
+Environment.template_class = Template
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/exceptions.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..082ebe8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+import typing as t
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .runtime import Undefined
+
+
+class TemplateError(Exception):
+    """Baseclass for all template errors."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+
+    @property
+    def message(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        return self.args[0] if self.args else None
+
+
+class TemplateNotFound(IOError, LookupError, TemplateError):
+    """Raised if a template does not exist.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.11
+        If the given name is :class:`Undefined` and no message was
+        provided, an :exc:`UndefinedError` is raised.
+    """
+
+    # Silence the Python warning about message being deprecated since
+    # it's not valid here.
+    message: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: t.Optional[t.Union[str, "Undefined"]],
+        message: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        IOError.__init__(self, name)
+
+        if message is None:
+            from .runtime import Undefined
+
+            if isinstance(name, Undefined):
+                name._fail_with_undefined_error()
+
+            message = name
+
+        self.message = message
+        self.name = name
+        self.templates = [name]
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.message)
+
+
+class TemplatesNotFound(TemplateNotFound):
+    """Like :class:`TemplateNotFound` but raised if multiple templates
+    are selected.  This is a subclass of :class:`TemplateNotFound`
+    exception, so just catching the base exception will catch both.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.11
+        If a name in the list of names is :class:`Undefined`, a message
+        about it being undefined is shown rather than the empty string.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.2
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        names: t.Sequence[t.Union[str, "Undefined"]] = (),
+        message: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if message is None:
+            from .runtime import Undefined
+
+            parts = []
+
+            for name in names:
+                if isinstance(name, Undefined):
+                    parts.append(name._undefined_message)
+                else:
+                    parts.append(name)
+
+            parts_str = ", ".join(map(str, parts))
+            message = f"none of the templates given were found: {parts_str}"
+
+        super().__init__(names[-1] if names else None, message)
+        self.templates = list(names)
+
+
+class TemplateSyntaxError(TemplateError):
+    """Raised to tell the user that there is a problem with the template."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        message: str,
+        lineno: int,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.lineno = lineno
+        self.name = name
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.source: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+        # this is set to True if the debug.translate_syntax_error
+        # function translated the syntax error into a new traceback
+        self.translated = False
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        # for translated errors we only return the message
+        if self.translated:
+            return t.cast(str, self.message)
+
+        # otherwise attach some stuff
+        location = f"line {self.lineno}"
+        name = self.filename or self.name
+        if name:
+            location = f'File "{name}", {location}'
+        lines = [t.cast(str, self.message), "  " + location]
+
+        # if the source is set, add the line to the output
+        if self.source is not None:
+            try:
+                line = self.source.splitlines()[self.lineno - 1]
+            except IndexError:
+                pass
+            else:
+                lines.append("    " + line.strip())
+
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def __reduce__(self):  # type: ignore
+        # https://bugs.python.org/issue1692335 Exceptions that take
+        # multiple required arguments have problems with pickling.
+        # Without this, raises TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required
+        # positional argument: 'lineno'
+        return self.__class__, (self.message, self.lineno, self.name, self.filename)
+
+
+class TemplateAssertionError(TemplateSyntaxError):
+    """Like a template syntax error, but covers cases where something in the
+    template caused an error at compile time that wasn't necessarily caused
+    by a syntax error.  However it's a direct subclass of
+    :exc:`TemplateSyntaxError` and has the same attributes.
+    """
+
+
+class TemplateRuntimeError(TemplateError):
+    """A generic runtime error in the template engine.  Under some situations
+    Jinja may raise this exception.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedError(TemplateRuntimeError):
+    """Raised if a template tries to operate on :class:`Undefined`."""
+
+
+class SecurityError(TemplateRuntimeError):
+    """Raised if a template tries to do something insecure if the
+    sandbox is enabled.
+    """
+
+
+class FilterArgumentError(TemplateRuntimeError):
+    """This error is raised if a filter was called with inappropriate
+    arguments
+    """
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/ext.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/ext.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e98293
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/ext.py
@@ -0,0 +1,879 @@
+"""Extension API for adding custom tags and behavior."""
+import pprint
+import re
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+from markupsafe import Markup
+
+from . import defaults
+from . import nodes
+from .environment import Environment
+from .exceptions import TemplateAssertionError
+from .exceptions import TemplateSyntaxError
+from .runtime import concat  # type: ignore
+from .runtime import Context
+from .runtime import Undefined
+from .utils import import_string
+from .utils import pass_context
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .lexer import Token
+    from .lexer import TokenStream
+    from .parser import Parser
+
+    class _TranslationsBasic(te.Protocol):
+        def gettext(self, message: str) -> str:
+            ...
+
+        def ngettext(self, singular: str, plural: str, n: int) -> str:
+            pass
+
+    class _TranslationsContext(_TranslationsBasic):
+        def pgettext(self, context: str, message: str) -> str:
+            ...
+
+        def npgettext(self, context: str, singular: str, plural: str, n: int) -> str:
+            ...
+
+    _SupportedTranslations = t.Union[_TranslationsBasic, _TranslationsContext]
+
+
+# I18N functions available in Jinja templates. If the I18N library
+# provides ugettext, it will be assigned to gettext.
+GETTEXT_FUNCTIONS: t.Tuple[str, ...] = (
+    "_",
+    "gettext",
+    "ngettext",
+    "pgettext",
+    "npgettext",
+)
+_ws_re = re.compile(r"\s*\n\s*")
+
+
+class Extension:
+    """Extensions can be used to add extra functionality to the Jinja template
+    system at the parser level.  Custom extensions are bound to an environment
+    but may not store environment specific data on `self`.  The reason for
+    this is that an extension can be bound to another environment (for
+    overlays) by creating a copy and reassigning the `environment` attribute.
+
+    As extensions are created by the environment they cannot accept any
+    arguments for configuration.  One may want to work around that by using
+    a factory function, but that is not possible as extensions are identified
+    by their import name.  The correct way to configure the extension is
+    storing the configuration values on the environment.  Because this way the
+    environment ends up acting as central configuration storage the
+    attributes may clash which is why extensions have to ensure that the names
+    they choose for configuration are not too generic.  ``prefix`` for example
+    is a terrible name, ``fragment_cache_prefix`` on the other hand is a good
+    name as includes the name of the extension (fragment cache).
+    """
+
+    identifier: t.ClassVar[str]
+
+    def __init_subclass__(cls) -> None:
+        cls.identifier = f"{cls.__module__}.{cls.__name__}"
+
+    #: if this extension parses this is the list of tags it's listening to.
+    tags: t.Set[str] = set()
+
+    #: the priority of that extension.  This is especially useful for
+    #: extensions that preprocess values.  A lower value means higher
+    #: priority.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 2.4
+    priority = 100
+
+    def __init__(self, environment: Environment) -> None:
+        self.environment = environment
+
+    def bind(self, environment: Environment) -> "Extension":
+        """Create a copy of this extension bound to another environment."""
+        rv = t.cast(Extension, object.__new__(self.__class__))
+        rv.__dict__.update(self.__dict__)
+        rv.environment = environment
+        return rv
+
+    def preprocess(
+        self, source: str, name: t.Optional[str], filename: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> str:
+        """This method is called before the actual lexing and can be used to
+        preprocess the source.  The `filename` is optional.  The return value
+        must be the preprocessed source.
+        """
+        return source
+
+    def filter_stream(
+        self, stream: "TokenStream"
+    ) -> t.Union["TokenStream", t.Iterable["Token"]]:
+        """It's passed a :class:`~jinja2.lexer.TokenStream` that can be used
+        to filter tokens returned.  This method has to return an iterable of
+        :class:`~jinja2.lexer.Token`\\s, but it doesn't have to return a
+        :class:`~jinja2.lexer.TokenStream`.
+        """
+        return stream
+
+    def parse(self, parser: "Parser") -> t.Union[nodes.Node, t.List[nodes.Node]]:
+        """If any of the :attr:`tags` matched this method is called with the
+        parser as first argument.  The token the parser stream is pointing at
+        is the name token that matched.  This method has to return one or a
+        list of multiple nodes.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def attr(
+        self, name: str, lineno: t.Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> nodes.ExtensionAttribute:
+        """Return an attribute node for the current extension.  This is useful
+        to pass constants on extensions to generated template code.
+
+        ::
+
+            self.attr('_my_attribute', lineno=lineno)
+        """
+        return nodes.ExtensionAttribute(self.identifier, name, lineno=lineno)
+
+    def call_method(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        args: t.Optional[t.List[nodes.Expr]] = None,
+        kwargs: t.Optional[t.List[nodes.Keyword]] = None,
+        dyn_args: t.Optional[nodes.Expr] = None,
+        dyn_kwargs: t.Optional[nodes.Expr] = None,
+        lineno: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> nodes.Call:
+        """Call a method of the extension.  This is a shortcut for
+        :meth:`attr` + :class:`jinja2.nodes.Call`.
+        """
+        if args is None:
+            args = []
+        if kwargs is None:
+            kwargs = []
+        return nodes.Call(
+            self.attr(name, lineno=lineno),
+            args,
+            kwargs,
+            dyn_args,
+            dyn_kwargs,
+            lineno=lineno,
+        )
+
+
+@pass_context
+def _gettext_alias(
+    __context: Context, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> t.Union[t.Any, Undefined]:
+    return __context.call(__context.resolve("gettext"), *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _make_new_gettext(func: t.Callable[[str], str]) -> t.Callable[..., str]:
+    @pass_context
+    def gettext(__context: Context, __string: str, **variables: t.Any) -> str:
+        rv = __context.call(func, __string)
+        if __context.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            rv = Markup(rv)
+        # Always treat as a format string, even if there are no
+        # variables. This makes translation strings more consistent
+        # and predictable. This requires escaping
+        return rv % variables  # type: ignore
+
+    return gettext
+
+
+def _make_new_ngettext(func: t.Callable[[str, str, int], str]) -> t.Callable[..., str]:
+    @pass_context
+    def ngettext(
+        __context: Context,
+        __singular: str,
+        __plural: str,
+        __num: int,
+        **variables: t.Any,
+    ) -> str:
+        variables.setdefault("num", __num)
+        rv = __context.call(func, __singular, __plural, __num)
+        if __context.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            rv = Markup(rv)
+        # Always treat as a format string, see gettext comment above.
+        return rv % variables  # type: ignore
+
+    return ngettext
+
+
+def _make_new_pgettext(func: t.Callable[[str, str], str]) -> t.Callable[..., str]:
+    @pass_context
+    def pgettext(
+        __context: Context, __string_ctx: str, __string: str, **variables: t.Any
+    ) -> str:
+        variables.setdefault("context", __string_ctx)
+        rv = __context.call(func, __string_ctx, __string)
+
+        if __context.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            rv = Markup(rv)
+
+        # Always treat as a format string, see gettext comment above.
+        return rv % variables  # type: ignore
+
+    return pgettext
+
+
+def _make_new_npgettext(
+    func: t.Callable[[str, str, str, int], str]
+) -> t.Callable[..., str]:
+    @pass_context
+    def npgettext(
+        __context: Context,
+        __string_ctx: str,
+        __singular: str,
+        __plural: str,
+        __num: int,
+        **variables: t.Any,
+    ) -> str:
+        variables.setdefault("context", __string_ctx)
+        variables.setdefault("num", __num)
+        rv = __context.call(func, __string_ctx, __singular, __plural, __num)
+
+        if __context.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            rv = Markup(rv)
+
+        # Always treat as a format string, see gettext comment above.
+        return rv % variables  # type: ignore
+
+    return npgettext
+
+
+class InternationalizationExtension(Extension):
+    """This extension adds gettext support to Jinja."""
+
+    tags = {"trans"}
+
+    # TODO: the i18n extension is currently reevaluating values in a few
+    # situations.  Take this example:
+    #   {% trans count=something() %}{{ count }} foo{% pluralize
+    #     %}{{ count }} fooss{% endtrans %}
+    # something is called twice here.  One time for the gettext value and
+    # the other time for the n-parameter of the ngettext function.
+
+    def __init__(self, environment: Environment) -> None:
+        super().__init__(environment)
+        environment.globals["_"] = _gettext_alias
+        environment.extend(
+            install_gettext_translations=self._install,
+            install_null_translations=self._install_null,
+            install_gettext_callables=self._install_callables,
+            uninstall_gettext_translations=self._uninstall,
+            extract_translations=self._extract,
+            newstyle_gettext=False,
+        )
+
+    def _install(
+        self, translations: "_SupportedTranslations", newstyle: t.Optional[bool] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        # ugettext and ungettext are preferred in case the I18N library
+        # is providing compatibility with older Python versions.
+        gettext = getattr(translations, "ugettext", None)
+        if gettext is None:
+            gettext = translations.gettext
+        ngettext = getattr(translations, "ungettext", None)
+        if ngettext is None:
+            ngettext = translations.ngettext
+
+        pgettext = getattr(translations, "pgettext", None)
+        npgettext = getattr(translations, "npgettext", None)
+        self._install_callables(
+            gettext, ngettext, newstyle=newstyle, pgettext=pgettext, npgettext=npgettext
+        )
+
+    def _install_null(self, newstyle: t.Optional[bool] = None) -> None:
+        import gettext
+
+        translations = gettext.NullTranslations()
+
+        if hasattr(translations, "pgettext"):
+            # Python < 3.8
+            pgettext = translations.pgettext  # type: ignore
+        else:
+
+            def pgettext(c: str, s: str) -> str:
+                return s
+
+        if hasattr(translations, "npgettext"):
+            npgettext = translations.npgettext  # type: ignore
+        else:
+
+            def npgettext(c: str, s: str, p: str, n: int) -> str:
+                return s if n == 1 else p
+
+        self._install_callables(
+            gettext=translations.gettext,
+            ngettext=translations.ngettext,
+            newstyle=newstyle,
+            pgettext=pgettext,
+            npgettext=npgettext,
+        )
+
+    def _install_callables(
+        self,
+        gettext: t.Callable[[str], str],
+        ngettext: t.Callable[[str, str, int], str],
+        newstyle: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        pgettext: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str, str], str]] = None,
+        npgettext: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str, str, str, int], str]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if newstyle is not None:
+            self.environment.newstyle_gettext = newstyle  # type: ignore
+        if self.environment.newstyle_gettext:  # type: ignore
+            gettext = _make_new_gettext(gettext)
+            ngettext = _make_new_ngettext(ngettext)
+
+            if pgettext is not None:
+                pgettext = _make_new_pgettext(pgettext)
+
+            if npgettext is not None:
+                npgettext = _make_new_npgettext(npgettext)
+
+        self.environment.globals.update(
+            gettext=gettext, ngettext=ngettext, pgettext=pgettext, npgettext=npgettext
+        )
+
+    def _uninstall(self, translations: "_SupportedTranslations") -> None:
+        for key in ("gettext", "ngettext", "pgettext", "npgettext"):
+            self.environment.globals.pop(key, None)
+
+    def _extract(
+        self,
+        source: t.Union[str, nodes.Template],
+        gettext_functions: t.Sequence[str] = GETTEXT_FUNCTIONS,
+    ) -> t.Iterator[
+        t.Tuple[int, str, t.Union[t.Optional[str], t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], ...]]]
+    ]:
+        if isinstance(source, str):
+            source = self.environment.parse(source)
+        return extract_from_ast(source, gettext_functions)
+
+    def parse(self, parser: "Parser") -> t.Union[nodes.Node, t.List[nodes.Node]]:
+        """Parse a translatable tag."""
+        lineno = next(parser.stream).lineno
+        num_called_num = False
+
+        # find all the variables referenced.  Additionally a variable can be
+        # defined in the body of the trans block too, but this is checked at
+        # a later state.
+        plural_expr: t.Optional[nodes.Expr] = None
+        plural_expr_assignment: t.Optional[nodes.Assign] = None
+        variables: t.Dict[str, nodes.Expr] = {}
+        trimmed = None
+        while parser.stream.current.type != "block_end":
+            if variables:
+                parser.stream.expect("comma")
+
+            # skip colon for python compatibility
+            if parser.stream.skip_if("colon"):
+                break
+
+            token = parser.stream.expect("name")
+            if token.value in variables:
+                parser.fail(
+                    f"translatable variable {token.value!r} defined twice.",
+                    token.lineno,
+                    exc=TemplateAssertionError,
+                )
+
+            # expressions
+            if parser.stream.current.type == "assign":
+                next(parser.stream)
+                variables[token.value] = var = parser.parse_expression()
+            elif trimmed is None and token.value in ("trimmed", "notrimmed"):
+                trimmed = token.value == "trimmed"
+                continue
+            else:
+                variables[token.value] = var = nodes.Name(token.value, "load")
+
+            if plural_expr is None:
+                if isinstance(var, nodes.Call):
+                    plural_expr = nodes.Name("_trans", "load")
+                    variables[token.value] = plural_expr
+                    plural_expr_assignment = nodes.Assign(
+                        nodes.Name("_trans", "store"), var
+                    )
+                else:
+                    plural_expr = var
+                num_called_num = token.value == "num"
+
+        parser.stream.expect("block_end")
+
+        plural = None
+        have_plural = False
+        referenced = set()
+
+        # now parse until endtrans or pluralize
+        singular_names, singular = self._parse_block(parser, True)
+        if singular_names:
+            referenced.update(singular_names)
+            if plural_expr is None:
+                plural_expr = nodes.Name(singular_names[0], "load")
+                num_called_num = singular_names[0] == "num"
+
+        # if we have a pluralize block, we parse that too
+        if parser.stream.current.test("name:pluralize"):
+            have_plural = True
+            next(parser.stream)
+            if parser.stream.current.type != "block_end":
+                token = parser.stream.expect("name")
+                if token.value not in variables:
+                    parser.fail(
+                        f"unknown variable {token.value!r} for pluralization",
+                        token.lineno,
+                        exc=TemplateAssertionError,
+                    )
+                plural_expr = variables[token.value]
+                num_called_num = token.value == "num"
+            parser.stream.expect("block_end")
+            plural_names, plural = self._parse_block(parser, False)
+            next(parser.stream)
+            referenced.update(plural_names)
+        else:
+            next(parser.stream)
+
+        # register free names as simple name expressions
+        for name in referenced:
+            if name not in variables:
+                variables[name] = nodes.Name(name, "load")
+
+        if not have_plural:
+            plural_expr = None
+        elif plural_expr is None:
+            parser.fail("pluralize without variables", lineno)
+
+        if trimmed is None:
+            trimmed = self.environment.policies["ext.i18n.trimmed"]
+        if trimmed:
+            singular = self._trim_whitespace(singular)
+            if plural:
+                plural = self._trim_whitespace(plural)
+
+        node = self._make_node(
+            singular,
+            plural,
+            variables,
+            plural_expr,
+            bool(referenced),
+            num_called_num and have_plural,
+        )
+        node.set_lineno(lineno)
+        if plural_expr_assignment is not None:
+            return [plural_expr_assignment, node]
+        else:
+            return node
+
+    def _trim_whitespace(self, string: str, _ws_re: t.Pattern[str] = _ws_re) -> str:
+        return _ws_re.sub(" ", string.strip())
+
+    def _parse_block(
+        self, parser: "Parser", allow_pluralize: bool
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str]:
+        """Parse until the next block tag with a given name."""
+        referenced = []
+        buf = []
+
+        while True:
+            if parser.stream.current.type == "data":
+                buf.append(parser.stream.current.value.replace("%", "%%"))
+                next(parser.stream)
+            elif parser.stream.current.type == "variable_begin":
+                next(parser.stream)
+                name = parser.stream.expect("name").value
+                referenced.append(name)
+                buf.append(f"%({name})s")
+                parser.stream.expect("variable_end")
+            elif parser.stream.current.type == "block_begin":
+                next(parser.stream)
+                if parser.stream.current.test("name:endtrans"):
+                    break
+                elif parser.stream.current.test("name:pluralize"):
+                    if allow_pluralize:
+                        break
+                    parser.fail(
+                        "a translatable section can have only one pluralize section"
+                    )
+                parser.fail(
+                    "control structures in translatable sections are not allowed"
+                )
+            elif parser.stream.eos:
+                parser.fail("unclosed translation block")
+            else:
+                raise RuntimeError("internal parser error")
+
+        return referenced, concat(buf)
+
+    def _make_node(
+        self,
+        singular: str,
+        plural: t.Optional[str],
+        variables: t.Dict[str, nodes.Expr],
+        plural_expr: t.Optional[nodes.Expr],
+        vars_referenced: bool,
+        num_called_num: bool,
+    ) -> nodes.Output:
+        """Generates a useful node from the data provided."""
+        newstyle = self.environment.newstyle_gettext  # type: ignore
+        node: nodes.Expr
+
+        # no variables referenced?  no need to escape for old style
+        # gettext invocations only if there are vars.
+        if not vars_referenced and not newstyle:
+            singular = singular.replace("%%", "%")
+            if plural:
+                plural = plural.replace("%%", "%")
+
+        # singular only:
+        if plural_expr is None:
+            gettext = nodes.Name("gettext", "load")
+            node = nodes.Call(gettext, [nodes.Const(singular)], [], None, None)
+
+        # singular and plural
+        else:
+            ngettext = nodes.Name("ngettext", "load")
+            node = nodes.Call(
+                ngettext,
+                [nodes.Const(singular), nodes.Const(plural), plural_expr],
+                [],
+                None,
+                None,
+            )
+
+        # in case newstyle gettext is used, the method is powerful
+        # enough to handle the variable expansion and autoescape
+        # handling itself
+        if newstyle:
+            for key, value in variables.items():
+                # the function adds that later anyways in case num was
+                # called num, so just skip it.
+                if num_called_num and key == "num":
+                    continue
+                node.kwargs.append(nodes.Keyword(key, value))
+
+        # otherwise do that here
+        else:
+            # mark the return value as safe if we are in an
+            # environment with autoescaping turned on
+            node = nodes.MarkSafeIfAutoescape(node)
+            if variables:
+                node = nodes.Mod(
+                    node,
+                    nodes.Dict(
+                        [
+                            nodes.Pair(nodes.Const(key), value)
+                            for key, value in variables.items()
+                        ]
+                    ),
+                )
+        return nodes.Output([node])
+
+
+class ExprStmtExtension(Extension):
+    """Adds a `do` tag to Jinja that works like the print statement just
+    that it doesn't print the return value.
+    """
+
+    tags = {"do"}
+
+    def parse(self, parser: "Parser") -> nodes.ExprStmt:
+        node = nodes.ExprStmt(lineno=next(parser.stream).lineno)
+        node.node = parser.parse_tuple()
+        return node
+
+
+class LoopControlExtension(Extension):
+    """Adds break and continue to the template engine."""
+
+    tags = {"break", "continue"}
+
+    def parse(self, parser: "Parser") -> t.Union[nodes.Break, nodes.Continue]:
+        token = next(parser.stream)
+        if token.value == "break":
+            return nodes.Break(lineno=token.lineno)
+        return nodes.Continue(lineno=token.lineno)
+
+
+class WithExtension(Extension):
+    def __init__(self, environment: Environment) -> None:
+        super().__init__(environment)
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The 'with' extension is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Jinja 3.1. This is built in now.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=3,
+        )
+
+
+class AutoEscapeExtension(Extension):
+    def __init__(self, environment: Environment) -> None:
+        super().__init__(environment)
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The 'autoescape' extension is deprecated and will be"
+            " removed in Jinja 3.1. This is built in now.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=3,
+        )
+
+
+class DebugExtension(Extension):
+    """A ``{% debug %}`` tag that dumps the available variables,
+    filters, and tests.
+
+    .. code-block:: html+jinja
+
+        <pre>{% debug %}</pre>
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+        {'context': {'cycler': <class 'jinja2.utils.Cycler'>,
+                     ...,
+                     'namespace': <class 'jinja2.utils.Namespace'>},
+         'filters': ['abs', 'attr', 'batch', 'capitalize', 'center', 'count', 'd',
+                     ..., 'urlencode', 'urlize', 'wordcount', 'wordwrap', 'xmlattr'],
+         'tests': ['!=', '<', '<=', '==', '>', '>=', 'callable', 'defined',
+                   ..., 'odd', 'sameas', 'sequence', 'string', 'undefined', 'upper']}
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.11.0
+    """
+
+    tags = {"debug"}
+
+    def parse(self, parser: "Parser") -> nodes.Output:
+        lineno = parser.stream.expect("name:debug").lineno
+        context = nodes.ContextReference()
+        result = self.call_method("_render", [context], lineno=lineno)
+        return nodes.Output([result], lineno=lineno)
+
+    def _render(self, context: Context) -> str:
+        result = {
+            "context": context.get_all(),
+            "filters": sorted(self.environment.filters.keys()),
+            "tests": sorted(self.environment.tests.keys()),
+        }
+
+        # Set the depth since the intent is to show the top few names.
+        return pprint.pformat(result, depth=3, compact=True)
+
+
+def extract_from_ast(
+    ast: nodes.Template,
+    gettext_functions: t.Sequence[str] = GETTEXT_FUNCTIONS,
+    babel_style: bool = True,
+) -> t.Iterator[
+    t.Tuple[int, str, t.Union[t.Optional[str], t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], ...]]]
+]:
+    """Extract localizable strings from the given template node.  Per
+    default this function returns matches in babel style that means non string
+    parameters as well as keyword arguments are returned as `None`.  This
+    allows Babel to figure out what you really meant if you are using
+    gettext functions that allow keyword arguments for placeholder expansion.
+    If you don't want that behavior set the `babel_style` parameter to `False`
+    which causes only strings to be returned and parameters are always stored
+    in tuples.  As a consequence invalid gettext calls (calls without a single
+    string parameter or string parameters after non-string parameters) are
+    skipped.
+
+    This example explains the behavior:
+
+    >>> from jinja2 import Environment
+    >>> env = Environment()
+    >>> node = env.parse('{{ (_("foo"), _(), ngettext("foo", "bar", 42)) }}')
+    >>> list(extract_from_ast(node))
+    [(1, '_', 'foo'), (1, '_', ()), (1, 'ngettext', ('foo', 'bar', None))]
+    >>> list(extract_from_ast(node, babel_style=False))
+    [(1, '_', ('foo',)), (1, 'ngettext', ('foo', 'bar'))]
+
+    For every string found this function yields a ``(lineno, function,
+    message)`` tuple, where:
+
+    * ``lineno`` is the number of the line on which the string was found,
+    * ``function`` is the name of the ``gettext`` function used (if the
+      string was extracted from embedded Python code), and
+    *   ``message`` is the string, or a tuple of strings for functions
+         with multiple string arguments.
+
+    This extraction function operates on the AST and is because of that unable
+    to extract any comments.  For comment support you have to use the babel
+    extraction interface or extract comments yourself.
+    """
+    out: t.Union[t.Optional[str], t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], ...]]
+
+    for node in ast.find_all(nodes.Call):
+        if (
+            not isinstance(node.node, nodes.Name)
+            or node.node.name not in gettext_functions
+        ):
+            continue
+
+        strings: t.List[t.Optional[str]] = []
+
+        for arg in node.args:
+            if isinstance(arg, nodes.Const) and isinstance(arg.value, str):
+                strings.append(arg.value)
+            else:
+                strings.append(None)
+
+        for _ in node.kwargs:
+            strings.append(None)
+        if node.dyn_args is not None:
+            strings.append(None)
+        if node.dyn_kwargs is not None:
+            strings.append(None)
+
+        if not babel_style:
+            out = tuple(x for x in strings if x is not None)
+
+            if not out:
+                continue
+        else:
+            if len(strings) == 1:
+                out = strings[0]
+            else:
+                out = tuple(strings)
+
+        yield node.lineno, node.node.name, out
+
+
+class _CommentFinder:
+    """Helper class to find comments in a token stream.  Can only
+    find comments for gettext calls forwards.  Once the comment
+    from line 4 is found, a comment for line 1 will not return a
+    usable value.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, tokens: t.Sequence[t.Tuple[int, str, str]], comment_tags: t.Sequence[str]
+    ) -> None:
+        self.tokens = tokens
+        self.comment_tags = comment_tags
+        self.offset = 0
+        self.last_lineno = 0
+
+    def find_backwards(self, offset: int) -> t.List[str]:
+        try:
+            for _, token_type, token_value in reversed(
+                self.tokens[self.offset : offset]
+            ):
+                if token_type in ("comment", "linecomment"):
+                    try:
+                        prefix, comment = token_value.split(None, 1)
+                    except ValueError:
+                        continue
+                    if prefix in self.comment_tags:
+                        return [comment.rstrip()]
+            return []
+        finally:
+            self.offset = offset
+
+    def find_comments(self, lineno: int) -> t.List[str]:
+        if not self.comment_tags or self.last_lineno > lineno:
+            return []
+        for idx, (token_lineno, _, _) in enumerate(self.tokens[self.offset :]):
+            if token_lineno > lineno:
+                return self.find_backwards(self.offset + idx)
+        return self.find_backwards(len(self.tokens))
+
+
+def babel_extract(
+    fileobj: t.BinaryIO,
+    keywords: t.Sequence[str],
+    comment_tags: t.Sequence[str],
+    options: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+) -> t.Iterator[
+    t.Tuple[
+        int, str, t.Union[t.Optional[str], t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], ...]], t.List[str]
+    ]
+]:
+    """Babel extraction method for Jinja templates.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.3
+       Basic support for translation comments was added.  If `comment_tags`
+       is now set to a list of keywords for extraction, the extractor will
+       try to find the best preceding comment that begins with one of the
+       keywords.  For best results, make sure to not have more than one
+       gettext call in one line of code and the matching comment in the
+       same line or the line before.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.5.1
+       The `newstyle_gettext` flag can be set to `True` to enable newstyle
+       gettext calls.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.7
+       A `silent` option can now be provided.  If set to `False` template
+       syntax errors are propagated instead of being ignored.
+
+    :param fileobj: the file-like object the messages should be extracted from
+    :param keywords: a list of keywords (i.e. function names) that should be
+                     recognized as translation functions
+    :param comment_tags: a list of translator tags to search for and include
+                         in the results.
+    :param options: a dictionary of additional options (optional)
+    :return: an iterator over ``(lineno, funcname, message, comments)`` tuples.
+             (comments will be empty currently)
+    """
+    extensions: t.Dict[t.Type[Extension], None] = {}
+
+    for extension_name in options.get("extensions", "").split(","):
+        extension_name = extension_name.strip()
+
+        if not extension_name:
+            continue
+
+        extensions[import_string(extension_name)] = None
+
+    if InternationalizationExtension not in extensions:
+        extensions[InternationalizationExtension] = None
+
+    def getbool(options: t.Mapping[str, str], key: str, default: bool = False) -> bool:
+        return options.get(key, str(default)).lower() in {"1", "on", "yes", "true"}
+
+    silent = getbool(options, "silent", True)
+    environment = Environment(
+        options.get("block_start_string", defaults.BLOCK_START_STRING),
+        options.get("block_end_string", defaults.BLOCK_END_STRING),
+        options.get("variable_start_string", defaults.VARIABLE_START_STRING),
+        options.get("variable_end_string", defaults.VARIABLE_END_STRING),
+        options.get("comment_start_string", defaults.COMMENT_START_STRING),
+        options.get("comment_end_string", defaults.COMMENT_END_STRING),
+        options.get("line_statement_prefix") or defaults.LINE_STATEMENT_PREFIX,
+        options.get("line_comment_prefix") or defaults.LINE_COMMENT_PREFIX,
+        getbool(options, "trim_blocks", defaults.TRIM_BLOCKS),
+        getbool(options, "lstrip_blocks", defaults.LSTRIP_BLOCKS),
+        defaults.NEWLINE_SEQUENCE,
+        getbool(options, "keep_trailing_newline", defaults.KEEP_TRAILING_NEWLINE),
+        tuple(extensions),
+        cache_size=0,
+        auto_reload=False,
+    )
+
+    if getbool(options, "trimmed"):
+        environment.policies["ext.i18n.trimmed"] = True
+    if getbool(options, "newstyle_gettext"):
+        environment.newstyle_gettext = True  # type: ignore
+
+    source = fileobj.read().decode(options.get("encoding", "utf-8"))
+    try:
+        node = environment.parse(source)
+        tokens = list(environment.lex(environment.preprocess(source)))
+    except TemplateSyntaxError:
+        if not silent:
+            raise
+        # skip templates with syntax errors
+        return
+
+    finder = _CommentFinder(tokens, comment_tags)
+    for lineno, func, message in extract_from_ast(node, keywords):
+        yield lineno, func, message, finder.find_comments(lineno)
+
+
+#: nicer import names
+i18n = InternationalizationExtension
+do = ExprStmtExtension
+loopcontrols = LoopControlExtension
+with_ = WithExtension
+autoescape = AutoEscapeExtension
+debug = DebugExtension
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/filters.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/filters.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ffb98bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/filters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1824 @@
+"""Built-in template filters used with the ``|`` operator."""
+import math
+import random
+import re
+import typing
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from collections import abc
+from itertools import chain
+from itertools import groupby
+
+from markupsafe import escape
+from markupsafe import Markup
+from markupsafe import soft_str
+
+from .async_utils import async_variant
+from .async_utils import auto_aiter
+from .async_utils import auto_await
+from .async_utils import auto_to_list
+from .exceptions import FilterArgumentError
+from .runtime import Undefined
+from .utils import htmlsafe_json_dumps
+from .utils import pass_context
+from .utils import pass_environment
+from .utils import pass_eval_context
+from .utils import pformat
+from .utils import url_quote
+from .utils import urlize
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .environment import Environment
+    from .nodes import EvalContext
+    from .runtime import Context
+    from .sandbox import SandboxedEnvironment  # noqa: F401
+
+    class HasHTML(te.Protocol):
+        def __html__(self) -> str:
+            pass
+
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+K = t.TypeVar("K")
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+
+
+def contextfilter(f: F) -> F:
+    """Pass the context as the first argument to the decorated function.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+        Will be removed in Jinja 3.1. Use :func:`~jinja2.pass_context`
+        instead.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'contextfilter' is renamed to 'pass_context', the old name"
+        " will be removed in Jinja 3.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return pass_context(f)
+
+
+def evalcontextfilter(f: F) -> F:
+    """Pass the eval context as the first argument to the decorated
+    function.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+        Will be removed in Jinja 3.1. Use
+        :func:`~jinja2.pass_eval_context` instead.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.4
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'evalcontextfilter' is renamed to 'pass_eval_context', the old"
+        " name will be removed in Jinja 3.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return pass_eval_context(f)
+
+
+def environmentfilter(f: F) -> F:
+    """Pass the environment as the first argument to the decorated
+    function.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+        Will be removed in Jinja 3.1. Use
+        :func:`~jinja2.pass_environment` instead.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'environmentfilter' is renamed to 'pass_environment', the old"
+        " name will be removed in Jinja 3.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return pass_environment(f)
+
+
+def ignore_case(value: V) -> V:
+    """For use as a postprocessor for :func:`make_attrgetter`. Converts strings
+    to lowercase and returns other types as-is."""
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        return t.cast(V, value.lower())
+
+    return value
+
+
+def make_attrgetter(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]],
+    postprocess: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]] = None,
+    default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+) -> t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]:
+    """Returns a callable that looks up the given attribute from a
+    passed object with the rules of the environment.  Dots are allowed
+    to access attributes of attributes.  Integer parts in paths are
+    looked up as integers.
+    """
+    parts = _prepare_attribute_parts(attribute)
+
+    def attrgetter(item: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        for part in parts:
+            item = environment.getitem(item, part)
+
+            if default is not None and isinstance(item, Undefined):
+                item = default
+
+        if postprocess is not None:
+            item = postprocess(item)
+
+        return item
+
+    return attrgetter
+
+
+def make_multi_attrgetter(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]],
+    postprocess: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]] = None,
+) -> t.Callable[[t.Any], t.List[t.Any]]:
+    """Returns a callable that looks up the given comma separated
+    attributes from a passed object with the rules of the environment.
+    Dots are allowed to access attributes of each attribute.  Integer
+    parts in paths are looked up as integers.
+
+    The value returned by the returned callable is a list of extracted
+    attribute values.
+
+    Examples of attribute: "attr1,attr2", "attr1.inner1.0,attr2.inner2.0", etc.
+    """
+    if isinstance(attribute, str):
+        split: t.Sequence[t.Union[str, int, None]] = attribute.split(",")
+    else:
+        split = [attribute]
+
+    parts = [_prepare_attribute_parts(item) for item in split]
+
+    def attrgetter(item: t.Any) -> t.List[t.Any]:
+        items = [None] * len(parts)
+
+        for i, attribute_part in enumerate(parts):
+            item_i = item
+
+            for part in attribute_part:
+                item_i = environment.getitem(item_i, part)
+
+            if postprocess is not None:
+                item_i = postprocess(item_i)
+
+            items[i] = item_i
+
+        return items
+
+    return attrgetter
+
+
+def _prepare_attribute_parts(
+    attr: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]]
+) -> t.List[t.Union[str, int]]:
+    if attr is None:
+        return []
+
+    if isinstance(attr, str):
+        return [int(x) if x.isdigit() else x for x in attr.split(".")]
+
+    return [attr]
+
+
+def do_forceescape(value: "t.Union[str, HasHTML]") -> Markup:
+    """Enforce HTML escaping.  This will probably double escape variables."""
+    if hasattr(value, "__html__"):
+        value = t.cast("HasHTML", value).__html__()
+
+    return escape(str(value))
+
+
+def do_urlencode(
+    value: t.Union[str, t.Mapping[str, t.Any], t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, t.Any]]]
+) -> str:
+    """Quote data for use in a URL path or query using UTF-8.
+
+    Basic wrapper around :func:`urllib.parse.quote` when given a
+    string, or :func:`urllib.parse.urlencode` for a dict or iterable.
+
+    :param value: Data to quote. A string will be quoted directly. A
+        dict or iterable of ``(key, value)`` pairs will be joined as a
+        query string.
+
+    When given a string, "/" is not quoted. HTTP servers treat "/" and
+    "%2F" equivalently in paths. If you need quoted slashes, use the
+    ``|replace("/", "%2F")`` filter.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.7
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, str) or not isinstance(value, abc.Iterable):
+        return url_quote(value)
+
+    if isinstance(value, dict):
+        items: t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, t.Any]] = value.items()
+    else:
+        items = value  # type: ignore
+
+    return "&".join(
+        f"{url_quote(k, for_qs=True)}={url_quote(v, for_qs=True)}" for k, v in items
+    )
+
+
+@pass_eval_context
+def do_replace(
+    eval_ctx: "EvalContext", s: str, old: str, new: str, count: t.Optional[int] = None
+) -> str:
+    """Return a copy of the value with all occurrences of a substring
+    replaced with a new one. The first argument is the substring
+    that should be replaced, the second is the replacement string.
+    If the optional third argument ``count`` is given, only the first
+    ``count`` occurrences are replaced:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ "Hello World"|replace("Hello", "Goodbye") }}
+            -> Goodbye World
+
+        {{ "aaaaargh"|replace("a", "d'oh, ", 2) }}
+            -> d'oh, d'oh, aaargh
+    """
+    if count is None:
+        count = -1
+
+    if not eval_ctx.autoescape:
+        return str(s).replace(str(old), str(new), count)
+
+    if (
+        hasattr(old, "__html__")
+        or hasattr(new, "__html__")
+        and not hasattr(s, "__html__")
+    ):
+        s = escape(s)
+    else:
+        s = soft_str(s)
+
+    return s.replace(soft_str(old), soft_str(new), count)
+
+
+def do_upper(s: str) -> str:
+    """Convert a value to uppercase."""
+    return soft_str(s).upper()
+
+
+def do_lower(s: str) -> str:
+    """Convert a value to lowercase."""
+    return soft_str(s).lower()
+
+
+@pass_eval_context
+def do_xmlattr(
+    eval_ctx: "EvalContext", d: t.Mapping[str, t.Any], autospace: bool = True
+) -> str:
+    """Create an SGML/XML attribute string based on the items in a dict.
+    All values that are neither `none` nor `undefined` are automatically
+    escaped:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: html+jinja
+
+        <ul{{ {'class': 'my_list', 'missing': none,
+                'id': 'list-%d'|format(variable)}|xmlattr }}>
+        ...
+        </ul>
+
+    Results in something like this:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: html
+
+        <ul class="my_list" id="list-42">
+        ...
+        </ul>
+
+    As you can see it automatically prepends a space in front of the item
+    if the filter returned something unless the second parameter is false.
+    """
+    rv = " ".join(
+        f'{escape(key)}="{escape(value)}"'
+        for key, value in d.items()
+        if value is not None and not isinstance(value, Undefined)
+    )
+
+    if autospace and rv:
+        rv = " " + rv
+
+    if eval_ctx.autoescape:
+        rv = Markup(rv)
+
+    return rv
+
+
+def do_capitalize(s: str) -> str:
+    """Capitalize a value. The first character will be uppercase, all others
+    lowercase.
+    """
+    return soft_str(s).capitalize()
+
+
+_word_beginning_split_re = re.compile(r"([-\s({\[<]+)")
+
+
+def do_title(s: str) -> str:
+    """Return a titlecased version of the value. I.e. words will start with
+    uppercase letters, all remaining characters are lowercase.
+    """
+    return "".join(
+        [
+            item[0].upper() + item[1:].lower()
+            for item in _word_beginning_split_re.split(soft_str(s))
+            if item
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+def do_dictsort(
+    value: t.Mapping[K, V],
+    case_sensitive: bool = False,
+    by: 'te.Literal["key", "value"]' = "key",
+    reverse: bool = False,
+) -> t.List[t.Tuple[K, V]]:
+    """Sort a dict and yield (key, value) pairs. Python dicts may not
+    be in the order you want to display them in, so sort them first.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {% for key, value in mydict|dictsort %}
+            sort the dict by key, case insensitive
+
+        {% for key, value in mydict|dictsort(reverse=true) %}
+            sort the dict by key, case insensitive, reverse order
+
+        {% for key, value in mydict|dictsort(true) %}
+            sort the dict by key, case sensitive
+
+        {% for key, value in mydict|dictsort(false, 'value') %}
+            sort the dict by value, case insensitive
+    """
+    if by == "key":
+        pos = 0
+    elif by == "value":
+        pos = 1
+    else:
+        raise FilterArgumentError('You can only sort by either "key" or "value"')
+
+    def sort_func(item: t.Tuple[t.Any, t.Any]) -> t.Any:
+        value = item[pos]
+
+        if not case_sensitive:
+            value = ignore_case(value)
+
+        return value
+
+    return sorted(value.items(), key=sort_func, reverse=reverse)
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def do_sort(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    value: "t.Iterable[V]",
+    reverse: bool = False,
+    case_sensitive: bool = False,
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]] = None,
+) -> "t.List[V]":
+    """Sort an iterable using Python's :func:`sorted`.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {% for city in cities|sort %}
+            ...
+        {% endfor %}
+
+    :param reverse: Sort descending instead of ascending.
+    :param case_sensitive: When sorting strings, sort upper and lower
+        case separately.
+    :param attribute: When sorting objects or dicts, an attribute or
+        key to sort by. Can use dot notation like ``"address.city"``.
+        Can be a list of attributes like ``"age,name"``.
+
+    The sort is stable, it does not change the relative order of
+    elements that compare equal. This makes it is possible to chain
+    sorts on different attributes and ordering.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {% for user in users|sort(attribute="name")
+            |sort(reverse=true, attribute="age") %}
+            ...
+        {% endfor %}
+
+    As a shortcut to chaining when the direction is the same for all
+    attributes, pass a comma separate list of attributes.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {% for user users|sort(attribute="age,name") %}
+            ...
+        {% endfor %}
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.11.0
+        The ``attribute`` parameter can be a comma separated list of
+        attributes, e.g. ``"age,name"``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.6
+       The ``attribute`` parameter was added.
+    """
+    key_func = make_multi_attrgetter(
+        environment, attribute, postprocess=ignore_case if not case_sensitive else None
+    )
+    return sorted(value, key=key_func, reverse=reverse)
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def do_unique(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    value: "t.Iterable[V]",
+    case_sensitive: bool = False,
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]] = None,
+) -> "t.Iterator[V]":
+    """Returns a list of unique items from the given iterable.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ ['foo', 'bar', 'foobar', 'FooBar']|unique|list }}
+            -> ['foo', 'bar', 'foobar']
+
+    The unique items are yielded in the same order as their first occurrence in
+    the iterable passed to the filter.
+
+    :param case_sensitive: Treat upper and lower case strings as distinct.
+    :param attribute: Filter objects with unique values for this attribute.
+    """
+    getter = make_attrgetter(
+        environment, attribute, postprocess=ignore_case if not case_sensitive else None
+    )
+    seen = set()
+
+    for item in value:
+        key = getter(item)
+
+        if key not in seen:
+            seen.add(key)
+            yield item
+
+
+def _min_or_max(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    value: "t.Iterable[V]",
+    func: "t.Callable[..., V]",
+    case_sensitive: bool,
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]],
+) -> "t.Union[V, Undefined]":
+    it = iter(value)
+
+    try:
+        first = next(it)
+    except StopIteration:
+        return environment.undefined("No aggregated item, sequence was empty.")
+
+    key_func = make_attrgetter(
+        environment, attribute, postprocess=ignore_case if not case_sensitive else None
+    )
+    return func(chain([first], it), key=key_func)
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def do_min(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    value: "t.Iterable[V]",
+    case_sensitive: bool = False,
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]] = None,
+) -> "t.Union[V, Undefined]":
+    """Return the smallest item from the sequence.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ [1, 2, 3]|min }}
+            -> 1
+
+    :param case_sensitive: Treat upper and lower case strings as distinct.
+    :param attribute: Get the object with the min value of this attribute.
+    """
+    return _min_or_max(environment, value, min, case_sensitive, attribute)
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def do_max(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    value: "t.Iterable[V]",
+    case_sensitive: bool = False,
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]] = None,
+) -> "t.Union[V, Undefined]":
+    """Return the largest item from the sequence.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ [1, 2, 3]|max }}
+            -> 3
+
+    :param case_sensitive: Treat upper and lower case strings as distinct.
+    :param attribute: Get the object with the max value of this attribute.
+    """
+    return _min_or_max(environment, value, max, case_sensitive, attribute)
+
+
+def do_default(
+    value: V,
+    default_value: V = "",  # type: ignore
+    boolean: bool = False,
+) -> V:
+    """If the value is undefined it will return the passed default value,
+    otherwise the value of the variable:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ my_variable|default('my_variable is not defined') }}
+
+    This will output the value of ``my_variable`` if the variable was
+    defined, otherwise ``'my_variable is not defined'``. If you want
+    to use default with variables that evaluate to false you have to
+    set the second parameter to `true`:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ ''|default('the string was empty', true) }}
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.11
+       It's now possible to configure the :class:`~jinja2.Environment` with
+       :class:`~jinja2.ChainableUndefined` to make the `default` filter work
+       on nested elements and attributes that may contain undefined values
+       in the chain without getting an :exc:`~jinja2.UndefinedError`.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, Undefined) or (boolean and not value):
+        return default_value
+
+    return value
+
+
+@pass_eval_context
+def sync_do_join(
+    eval_ctx: "EvalContext",
+    value: t.Iterable,
+    d: str = "",
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]] = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the
+    sequence. The separator between elements is an empty string per
+    default, you can define it with the optional parameter:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ [1, 2, 3]|join('|') }}
+            -> 1|2|3
+
+        {{ [1, 2, 3]|join }}
+            -> 123
+
+    It is also possible to join certain attributes of an object:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ users|join(', ', attribute='username') }}
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.6
+       The `attribute` parameter was added.
+    """
+    if attribute is not None:
+        value = map(make_attrgetter(eval_ctx.environment, attribute), value)
+
+    # no automatic escaping?  joining is a lot easier then
+    if not eval_ctx.autoescape:
+        return str(d).join(map(str, value))
+
+    # if the delimiter doesn't have an html representation we check
+    # if any of the items has.  If yes we do a coercion to Markup
+    if not hasattr(d, "__html__"):
+        value = list(value)
+        do_escape = False
+
+        for idx, item in enumerate(value):
+            if hasattr(item, "__html__"):
+                do_escape = True
+            else:
+                value[idx] = str(item)
+
+        if do_escape:
+            d = escape(d)
+        else:
+            d = str(d)
+
+        return d.join(value)
+
+    # no html involved, to normal joining
+    return soft_str(d).join(map(soft_str, value))
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_join)  # type: ignore
+async def do_join(
+    eval_ctx: "EvalContext",
+    value: t.Union[t.AsyncIterable, t.Iterable],
+    d: str = "",
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]] = None,
+) -> str:
+    return sync_do_join(eval_ctx, await auto_to_list(value), d, attribute)
+
+
+def do_center(value: str, width: int = 80) -> str:
+    """Centers the value in a field of a given width."""
+    return soft_str(value).center(width)
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def sync_do_first(
+    environment: "Environment", seq: "t.Iterable[V]"
+) -> "t.Union[V, Undefined]":
+    """Return the first item of a sequence."""
+    try:
+        return next(iter(seq))
+    except StopIteration:
+        return environment.undefined("No first item, sequence was empty.")
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_first)  # type: ignore
+async def do_first(
+    environment: "Environment", seq: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]"
+) -> "t.Union[V, Undefined]":
+    try:
+        return await auto_aiter(seq).__anext__()
+    except StopAsyncIteration:
+        return environment.undefined("No first item, sequence was empty.")
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def do_last(
+    environment: "Environment", seq: "t.Reversible[V]"
+) -> "t.Union[V, Undefined]":
+    """Return the last item of a sequence.
+
+    Note: Does not work with generators. You may want to explicitly
+    convert it to a list:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ data | selectattr('name', '==', 'Jinja') | list | last }}
+    """
+    try:
+        return next(iter(reversed(seq)))
+    except StopIteration:
+        return environment.undefined("No last item, sequence was empty.")
+
+
+# No async do_last, it may not be safe in async mode.
+
+
+@pass_context
+def do_random(context: "Context", seq: "t.Sequence[V]") -> "t.Union[V, Undefined]":
+    """Return a random item from the sequence."""
+    try:
+        return random.choice(seq)
+    except IndexError:
+        return context.environment.undefined("No random item, sequence was empty.")
+
+
+def do_filesizeformat(value: t.Union[str, float, int], binary: bool = False) -> str:
+    """Format the value like a 'human-readable' file size (i.e. 13 kB,
+    4.1 MB, 102 Bytes, etc).  Per default decimal prefixes are used (Mega,
+    Giga, etc.), if the second parameter is set to `True` the binary
+    prefixes are used (Mebi, Gibi).
+    """
+    bytes = float(value)
+    base = 1024 if binary else 1000
+    prefixes = [
+        ("KiB" if binary else "kB"),
+        ("MiB" if binary else "MB"),
+        ("GiB" if binary else "GB"),
+        ("TiB" if binary else "TB"),
+        ("PiB" if binary else "PB"),
+        ("EiB" if binary else "EB"),
+        ("ZiB" if binary else "ZB"),
+        ("YiB" if binary else "YB"),
+    ]
+
+    if bytes == 1:
+        return "1 Byte"
+    elif bytes < base:
+        return f"{int(bytes)} Bytes"
+    else:
+        for i, prefix in enumerate(prefixes):
+            unit = base ** (i + 2)
+
+            if bytes < unit:
+                return f"{base * bytes / unit:.1f} {prefix}"
+
+        return f"{base * bytes / unit:.1f} {prefix}"
+
+
+def do_pprint(value: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Pretty print a variable. Useful for debugging."""
+    return pformat(value)
+
+
+_uri_scheme_re = re.compile(r"^([\w.+-]{2,}:(/){0,2})$")
+
+
+@pass_eval_context
+def do_urlize(
+    eval_ctx: "EvalContext",
+    value: str,
+    trim_url_limit: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    nofollow: bool = False,
+    target: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    rel: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    extra_schemes: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Convert URLs in text into clickable links.
+
+    This may not recognize links in some situations. Usually, a more
+    comprehensive formatter, such as a Markdown library, is a better
+    choice.
+
+    Works on ``http://``, ``https://``, ``www.``, ``mailto:``, and email
+    addresses. Links with trailing punctuation (periods, commas, closing
+    parentheses) and leading punctuation (opening parentheses) are
+    recognized excluding the punctuation. Email addresses that include
+    header fields are not recognized (for example,
+    ``mailto:address@example.com?cc=copy@example.com``).
+
+    :param value: Original text containing URLs to link.
+    :param trim_url_limit: Shorten displayed URL values to this length.
+    :param nofollow: Add the ``rel=nofollow`` attribute to links.
+    :param target: Add the ``target`` attribute to links.
+    :param rel: Add the ``rel`` attribute to links.
+    :param extra_schemes: Recognize URLs that start with these schemes
+        in addition to the default behavior. Defaults to
+        ``env.policies["urlize.extra_schemes"]``, which defaults to no
+        extra schemes.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        The ``extra_schemes`` parameter was added.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        Generate ``https://`` links for URLs without a scheme.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        The parsing rules were updated. Recognize email addresses with
+        or without the ``mailto:`` scheme. Validate IP addresses. Ignore
+        parentheses and brackets in more cases.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.8
+       The ``target`` parameter was added.
+    """
+    policies = eval_ctx.environment.policies
+    rel_parts = set((rel or "").split())
+
+    if nofollow:
+        rel_parts.add("nofollow")
+
+    rel_parts.update((policies["urlize.rel"] or "").split())
+    rel = " ".join(sorted(rel_parts)) or None
+
+    if target is None:
+        target = policies["urlize.target"]
+
+    if extra_schemes is None:
+        extra_schemes = policies["urlize.extra_schemes"] or ()
+
+    for scheme in extra_schemes:
+        if _uri_scheme_re.fullmatch(scheme) is None:
+            raise FilterArgumentError(f"{scheme!r} is not a valid URI scheme prefix.")
+
+    rv = urlize(
+        value,
+        trim_url_limit=trim_url_limit,
+        rel=rel,
+        target=target,
+        extra_schemes=extra_schemes,
+    )
+
+    if eval_ctx.autoescape:
+        rv = Markup(rv)
+
+    return rv
+
+
+def do_indent(
+    s: str, width: t.Union[int, str] = 4, first: bool = False, blank: bool = False
+) -> str:
+    """Return a copy of the string with each line indented by 4 spaces. The
+    first line and blank lines are not indented by default.
+
+    :param width: Number of spaces, or a string, to indent by.
+    :param first: Don't skip indenting the first line.
+    :param blank: Don't skip indenting empty lines.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        ``width`` can be a string.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.10
+        Blank lines are not indented by default.
+
+        Rename the ``indentfirst`` argument to ``first``.
+    """
+    if isinstance(width, str):
+        indention = width
+    else:
+        indention = " " * width
+
+    newline = "\n"
+
+    if isinstance(s, Markup):
+        indention = Markup(indention)
+        newline = Markup(newline)
+
+    s += newline  # this quirk is necessary for splitlines method
+
+    if blank:
+        rv = (newline + indention).join(s.splitlines())
+    else:
+        lines = s.splitlines()
+        rv = lines.pop(0)
+
+        if lines:
+            rv += newline + newline.join(
+                indention + line if line else line for line in lines
+            )
+
+    if first:
+        rv = indention + rv
+
+    return rv
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def do_truncate(
+    env: "Environment",
+    s: str,
+    length: int = 255,
+    killwords: bool = False,
+    end: str = "...",
+    leeway: t.Optional[int] = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Return a truncated copy of the string. The length is specified
+    with the first parameter which defaults to ``255``. If the second
+    parameter is ``true`` the filter will cut the text at length. Otherwise
+    it will discard the last word. If the text was in fact
+    truncated it will append an ellipsis sign (``"..."``). If you want a
+    different ellipsis sign than ``"..."`` you can specify it using the
+    third parameter. Strings that only exceed the length by the tolerance
+    margin given in the fourth parameter will not be truncated.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ "foo bar baz qux"|truncate(9) }}
+            -> "foo..."
+        {{ "foo bar baz qux"|truncate(9, True) }}
+            -> "foo ba..."
+        {{ "foo bar baz qux"|truncate(11) }}
+            -> "foo bar baz qux"
+        {{ "foo bar baz qux"|truncate(11, False, '...', 0) }}
+            -> "foo bar..."
+
+    The default leeway on newer Jinja versions is 5 and was 0 before but
+    can be reconfigured globally.
+    """
+    if leeway is None:
+        leeway = env.policies["truncate.leeway"]
+
+    assert length >= len(end), f"expected length >= {len(end)}, got {length}"
+    assert leeway >= 0, f"expected leeway >= 0, got {leeway}"
+
+    if len(s) <= length + leeway:
+        return s
+
+    if killwords:
+        return s[: length - len(end)] + end
+
+    result = s[: length - len(end)].rsplit(" ", 1)[0]
+    return result + end
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def do_wordwrap(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    s: str,
+    width: int = 79,
+    break_long_words: bool = True,
+    wrapstring: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    break_on_hyphens: bool = True,
+) -> str:
+    """Wrap a string to the given width. Existing newlines are treated
+    as paragraphs to be wrapped separately.
+
+    :param s: Original text to wrap.
+    :param width: Maximum length of wrapped lines.
+    :param break_long_words: If a word is longer than ``width``, break
+        it across lines.
+    :param break_on_hyphens: If a word contains hyphens, it may be split
+        across lines.
+    :param wrapstring: String to join each wrapped line. Defaults to
+        :attr:`Environment.newline_sequence`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.11
+        Existing newlines are treated as paragraphs wrapped separately.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.11
+        Added the ``break_on_hyphens`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.7
+        Added the ``wrapstring`` parameter.
+    """
+    import textwrap
+
+    if wrapstring is None:
+        wrapstring = environment.newline_sequence
+
+    # textwrap.wrap doesn't consider existing newlines when wrapping.
+    # If the string has a newline before width, wrap will still insert
+    # a newline at width, resulting in a short line. Instead, split and
+    # wrap each paragraph individually.
+    return wrapstring.join(
+        [
+            wrapstring.join(
+                textwrap.wrap(
+                    line,
+                    width=width,
+                    expand_tabs=False,
+                    replace_whitespace=False,
+                    break_long_words=break_long_words,
+                    break_on_hyphens=break_on_hyphens,
+                )
+            )
+            for line in s.splitlines()
+        ]
+    )
+
+
+_word_re = re.compile(r"\w+")
+
+
+def do_wordcount(s: str) -> int:
+    """Count the words in that string."""
+    return len(_word_re.findall(soft_str(s)))
+
+
+def do_int(value: t.Any, default: int = 0, base: int = 10) -> int:
+    """Convert the value into an integer. If the
+    conversion doesn't work it will return ``0``. You can
+    override this default using the first parameter. You
+    can also override the default base (10) in the second
+    parameter, which handles input with prefixes such as
+    0b, 0o and 0x for bases 2, 8 and 16 respectively.
+    The base is ignored for decimal numbers and non-string values.
+    """
+    try:
+        if isinstance(value, str):
+            return int(value, base)
+
+        return int(value)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        # this quirk is necessary so that "42.23"|int gives 42.
+        try:
+            return int(float(value))
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            return default
+
+
+def do_float(value: t.Any, default: float = 0.0) -> float:
+    """Convert the value into a floating point number. If the
+    conversion doesn't work it will return ``0.0``. You can
+    override this default using the first parameter.
+    """
+    try:
+        return float(value)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return default
+
+
+def do_format(value: str, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Apply the given values to a `printf-style`_ format string, like
+    ``string % values``.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ "%s, %s!"|format(greeting, name) }}
+        Hello, World!
+
+    In most cases it should be more convenient and efficient to use the
+    ``%`` operator or :meth:`str.format`.
+
+    .. code-block:: text
+
+        {{ "%s, %s!" % (greeting, name) }}
+        {{ "{}, {}!".format(greeting, name) }}
+
+    .. _printf-style: https://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html
+        #printf-style-string-formatting
+    """
+    if args and kwargs:
+        raise FilterArgumentError(
+            "can't handle positional and keyword arguments at the same time"
+        )
+
+    return soft_str(value) % (kwargs or args)
+
+
+def do_trim(value: str, chars: t.Optional[str] = None) -> str:
+    """Strip leading and trailing characters, by default whitespace."""
+    return soft_str(value).strip(chars)
+
+
+def do_striptags(value: "t.Union[str, HasHTML]") -> str:
+    """Strip SGML/XML tags and replace adjacent whitespace by one space."""
+    if hasattr(value, "__html__"):
+        value = t.cast("HasHTML", value).__html__()
+
+    return Markup(str(value)).striptags()
+
+
+def sync_do_slice(
+    value: "t.Collection[V]", slices: int, fill_with: "t.Optional[V]" = None
+) -> "t.Iterator[t.List[V]]":
+    """Slice an iterator and return a list of lists containing
+    those items. Useful if you want to create a div containing
+    three ul tags that represent columns:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: html+jinja
+
+        <div class="columnwrapper">
+          {%- for column in items|slice(3) %}
+            <ul class="column-{{ loop.index }}">
+            {%- for item in column %}
+              <li>{{ item }}</li>
+            {%- endfor %}
+            </ul>
+          {%- endfor %}
+        </div>
+
+    If you pass it a second argument it's used to fill missing
+    values on the last iteration.
+    """
+    seq = list(value)
+    length = len(seq)
+    items_per_slice = length // slices
+    slices_with_extra = length % slices
+    offset = 0
+
+    for slice_number in range(slices):
+        start = offset + slice_number * items_per_slice
+
+        if slice_number < slices_with_extra:
+            offset += 1
+
+        end = offset + (slice_number + 1) * items_per_slice
+        tmp = seq[start:end]
+
+        if fill_with is not None and slice_number >= slices_with_extra:
+            tmp.append(fill_with)
+
+        yield tmp
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_slice)  # type: ignore
+async def do_slice(
+    value: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]",
+    slices: int,
+    fill_with: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+) -> "t.Iterator[t.List[V]]":
+    return sync_do_slice(await auto_to_list(value), slices, fill_with)
+
+
+def do_batch(
+    value: "t.Iterable[V]", linecount: int, fill_with: "t.Optional[V]" = None
+) -> "t.Iterator[t.List[V]]":
+    """
+    A filter that batches items. It works pretty much like `slice`
+    just the other way round. It returns a list of lists with the
+    given number of items. If you provide a second parameter this
+    is used to fill up missing items. See this example:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: html+jinja
+
+        <table>
+        {%- for row in items|batch(3, '&nbsp;') %}
+          <tr>
+          {%- for column in row %}
+            <td>{{ column }}</td>
+          {%- endfor %}
+          </tr>
+        {%- endfor %}
+        </table>
+    """
+    tmp: "t.List[V]" = []
+
+    for item in value:
+        if len(tmp) == linecount:
+            yield tmp
+            tmp = []
+
+        tmp.append(item)
+
+    if tmp:
+        if fill_with is not None and len(tmp) < linecount:
+            tmp += [fill_with] * (linecount - len(tmp))
+
+        yield tmp
+
+
+def do_round(
+    value: float,
+    precision: int = 0,
+    method: 'te.Literal["common", "ceil", "floor"]' = "common",
+) -> float:
+    """Round the number to a given precision. The first
+    parameter specifies the precision (default is ``0``), the
+    second the rounding method:
+
+    - ``'common'`` rounds either up or down
+    - ``'ceil'`` always rounds up
+    - ``'floor'`` always rounds down
+
+    If you don't specify a method ``'common'`` is used.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ 42.55|round }}
+            -> 43.0
+        {{ 42.55|round(1, 'floor') }}
+            -> 42.5
+
+    Note that even if rounded to 0 precision, a float is returned.  If
+    you need a real integer, pipe it through `int`:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ 42.55|round|int }}
+            -> 43
+    """
+    if method not in {"common", "ceil", "floor"}:
+        raise FilterArgumentError("method must be common, ceil or floor")
+
+    if method == "common":
+        return round(value, precision)
+
+    func = getattr(math, method)
+    return t.cast(float, func(value * (10 ** precision)) / (10 ** precision))
+
+
+class _GroupTuple(t.NamedTuple):
+    grouper: t.Any
+    list: t.List
+
+    # Use the regular tuple repr to hide this subclass if users print
+    # out the value during debugging.
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return tuple.__repr__(self)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return tuple.__str__(self)
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def sync_do_groupby(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    value: "t.Iterable[V]",
+    attribute: t.Union[str, int],
+    default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+) -> "t.List[t.Tuple[t.Any, t.List[V]]]":
+    """Group a sequence of objects by an attribute using Python's
+    :func:`itertools.groupby`. The attribute can use dot notation for
+    nested access, like ``"address.city"``. Unlike Python's ``groupby``,
+    the values are sorted first so only one group is returned for each
+    unique value.
+
+    For example, a list of ``User`` objects with a ``city`` attribute
+    can be rendered in groups. In this example, ``grouper`` refers to
+    the ``city`` value of the group.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: html+jinja
+
+        <ul>{% for city, items in users|groupby("city") %}
+          <li>{{ city }}
+            <ul>{% for user in items %}
+              <li>{{ user.name }}
+            {% endfor %}</ul>
+          </li>
+        {% endfor %}</ul>
+
+    ``groupby`` yields namedtuples of ``(grouper, list)``, which
+    can be used instead of the tuple unpacking above. ``grouper`` is the
+    value of the attribute, and ``list`` is the items with that value.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: html+jinja
+
+        <ul>{% for group in users|groupby("city") %}
+          <li>{{ group.grouper }}: {{ group.list|join(", ") }}
+        {% endfor %}</ul>
+
+    You can specify a ``default`` value to use if an object in the list
+    does not have the given attribute.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        <ul>{% for city, items in users|groupby("city", default="NY") %}
+          <li>{{ city }}: {{ items|map(attribute="name")|join(", ") }}</li>
+        {% endfor %}</ul>
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        Added the ``default`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.6
+        The attribute supports dot notation for nested access.
+    """
+    expr = make_attrgetter(environment, attribute, default=default)
+    return [
+        _GroupTuple(key, list(values))
+        for key, values in groupby(sorted(value, key=expr), expr)
+    ]
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_groupby)  # type: ignore
+async def do_groupby(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    value: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]",
+    attribute: t.Union[str, int],
+    default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+) -> "t.List[t.Tuple[t.Any, t.List[V]]]":
+    expr = make_attrgetter(environment, attribute, default=default)
+    return [
+        _GroupTuple(key, await auto_to_list(values))
+        for key, values in groupby(sorted(await auto_to_list(value), key=expr), expr)
+    ]
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def sync_do_sum(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    iterable: "t.Iterable[V]",
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]] = None,
+    start: V = 0,  # type: ignore
+) -> V:
+    """Returns the sum of a sequence of numbers plus the value of parameter
+    'start' (which defaults to 0).  When the sequence is empty it returns
+    start.
+
+    It is also possible to sum up only certain attributes:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        Total: {{ items|sum(attribute='price') }}
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.6
+       The `attribute` parameter was added to allow suming up over
+       attributes.  Also the `start` parameter was moved on to the right.
+    """
+    if attribute is not None:
+        iterable = map(make_attrgetter(environment, attribute), iterable)
+
+    return sum(iterable, start)
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_sum)  # type: ignore
+async def do_sum(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    iterable: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]",
+    attribute: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]] = None,
+    start: V = 0,  # type: ignore
+) -> V:
+    rv = start
+
+    if attribute is not None:
+        func = make_attrgetter(environment, attribute)
+    else:
+
+        def func(x: V) -> V:
+            return x
+
+    async for item in auto_aiter(iterable):
+        rv += func(item)
+
+    return rv
+
+
+def sync_do_list(value: "t.Iterable[V]") -> "t.List[V]":
+    """Convert the value into a list.  If it was a string the returned list
+    will be a list of characters.
+    """
+    return list(value)
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_list)  # type: ignore
+async def do_list(value: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]") -> "t.List[V]":
+    return await auto_to_list(value)
+
+
+def do_mark_safe(value: str) -> Markup:
+    """Mark the value as safe which means that in an environment with automatic
+    escaping enabled this variable will not be escaped.
+    """
+    return Markup(value)
+
+
+def do_mark_unsafe(value: str) -> str:
+    """Mark a value as unsafe.  This is the reverse operation for :func:`safe`."""
+    return str(value)
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def do_reverse(value: str) -> str:
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def do_reverse(value: "t.Iterable[V]") -> "t.Iterable[V]":
+    ...
+
+
+def do_reverse(value: t.Union[str, t.Iterable[V]]) -> t.Union[str, t.Iterable[V]]:
+    """Reverse the object or return an iterator that iterates over it the other
+    way round.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, str):
+        return value[::-1]
+
+    try:
+        return reversed(value)  # type: ignore
+    except TypeError:
+        try:
+            rv = list(value)
+            rv.reverse()
+            return rv
+        except TypeError as e:
+            raise FilterArgumentError("argument must be iterable") from e
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def do_attr(
+    environment: "Environment", obj: t.Any, name: str
+) -> t.Union[Undefined, t.Any]:
+    """Get an attribute of an object.  ``foo|attr("bar")`` works like
+    ``foo.bar`` just that always an attribute is returned and items are not
+    looked up.
+
+    See :ref:`Notes on subscriptions <notes-on-subscriptions>` for more details.
+    """
+    try:
+        name = str(name)
+    except UnicodeError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        try:
+            value = getattr(obj, name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            if environment.sandboxed:
+                environment = t.cast("SandboxedEnvironment", environment)
+
+                if not environment.is_safe_attribute(obj, name, value):
+                    return environment.unsafe_undefined(obj, name)
+
+            return value
+
+    return environment.undefined(obj=obj, name=name)
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def sync_do_map(
+    context: "Context", value: t.Iterable, name: str, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> t.Iterable:
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def sync_do_map(
+    context: "Context",
+    value: t.Iterable,
+    *,
+    attribute: str = ...,
+    default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+) -> t.Iterable:
+    ...
+
+
+@pass_context
+def sync_do_map(
+    context: "Context", value: t.Iterable, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> t.Iterable:
+    """Applies a filter on a sequence of objects or looks up an attribute.
+    This is useful when dealing with lists of objects but you are really
+    only interested in a certain value of it.
+
+    The basic usage is mapping on an attribute.  Imagine you have a list
+    of users but you are only interested in a list of usernames:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        Users on this page: {{ users|map(attribute='username')|join(', ') }}
+
+    You can specify a ``default`` value to use if an object in the list
+    does not have the given attribute.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ users|map(attribute="username", default="Anonymous")|join(", ") }}
+
+    Alternatively you can let it invoke a filter by passing the name of the
+    filter and the arguments afterwards.  A good example would be applying a
+    text conversion filter on a sequence:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        Users on this page: {{ titles|map('lower')|join(', ') }}
+
+    Similar to a generator comprehension such as:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        (u.username for u in users)
+        (getattr(u, "username", "Anonymous") for u in users)
+        (do_lower(x) for x in titles)
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.11.0
+        Added the ``default`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.7
+    """
+    if value:
+        func = prepare_map(context, args, kwargs)
+
+        for item in value:
+            yield func(item)
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def do_map(
+    context: "Context",
+    value: t.Union[t.AsyncIterable, t.Iterable],
+    name: str,
+    *args: t.Any,
+    **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> t.Iterable:
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def do_map(
+    context: "Context",
+    value: t.Union[t.AsyncIterable, t.Iterable],
+    *,
+    attribute: str = ...,
+    default: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+) -> t.Iterable:
+    ...
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_map)  # type: ignore
+async def do_map(
+    context: "Context",
+    value: t.Union[t.AsyncIterable, t.Iterable],
+    *args: t.Any,
+    **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> t.AsyncIterable:
+    if value:
+        func = prepare_map(context, args, kwargs)
+
+        async for item in auto_aiter(value):
+            yield await auto_await(func(item))
+
+
+@pass_context
+def sync_do_select(
+    context: "Context", value: "t.Iterable[V]", *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> "t.Iterator[V]":
+    """Filters a sequence of objects by applying a test to each object,
+    and only selecting the objects with the test succeeding.
+
+    If no test is specified, each object will be evaluated as a boolean.
+
+    Example usage:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ numbers|select("odd") }}
+        {{ numbers|select("odd") }}
+        {{ numbers|select("divisibleby", 3) }}
+        {{ numbers|select("lessthan", 42) }}
+        {{ strings|select("equalto", "mystring") }}
+
+    Similar to a generator comprehension such as:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        (n for n in numbers if test_odd(n))
+        (n for n in numbers if test_divisibleby(n, 3))
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.7
+    """
+    return select_or_reject(context, value, args, kwargs, lambda x: x, False)
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_select)  # type: ignore
+async def do_select(
+    context: "Context",
+    value: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]",
+    *args: t.Any,
+    **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> "t.AsyncIterator[V]":
+    return async_select_or_reject(context, value, args, kwargs, lambda x: x, False)
+
+
+@pass_context
+def sync_do_reject(
+    context: "Context", value: "t.Iterable[V]", *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> "t.Iterator[V]":
+    """Filters a sequence of objects by applying a test to each object,
+    and rejecting the objects with the test succeeding.
+
+    If no test is specified, each object will be evaluated as a boolean.
+
+    Example usage:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ numbers|reject("odd") }}
+
+    Similar to a generator comprehension such as:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        (n for n in numbers if not test_odd(n))
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.7
+    """
+    return select_or_reject(context, value, args, kwargs, lambda x: not x, False)
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_reject)  # type: ignore
+async def do_reject(
+    context: "Context",
+    value: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]",
+    *args: t.Any,
+    **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> "t.AsyncIterator[V]":
+    return async_select_or_reject(context, value, args, kwargs, lambda x: not x, False)
+
+
+@pass_context
+def sync_do_selectattr(
+    context: "Context", value: "t.Iterable[V]", *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> "t.Iterator[V]":
+    """Filters a sequence of objects by applying a test to the specified
+    attribute of each object, and only selecting the objects with the
+    test succeeding.
+
+    If no test is specified, the attribute's value will be evaluated as
+    a boolean.
+
+    Example usage:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ users|selectattr("is_active") }}
+        {{ users|selectattr("email", "none") }}
+
+    Similar to a generator comprehension such as:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        (u for user in users if user.is_active)
+        (u for user in users if test_none(user.email))
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.7
+    """
+    return select_or_reject(context, value, args, kwargs, lambda x: x, True)
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_selectattr)  # type: ignore
+async def do_selectattr(
+    context: "Context",
+    value: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]",
+    *args: t.Any,
+    **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> "t.AsyncIterator[V]":
+    return async_select_or_reject(context, value, args, kwargs, lambda x: x, True)
+
+
+@pass_context
+def sync_do_rejectattr(
+    context: "Context", value: "t.Iterable[V]", *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> "t.Iterator[V]":
+    """Filters a sequence of objects by applying a test to the specified
+    attribute of each object, and rejecting the objects with the test
+    succeeding.
+
+    If no test is specified, the attribute's value will be evaluated as
+    a boolean.
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {{ users|rejectattr("is_active") }}
+        {{ users|rejectattr("email", "none") }}
+
+    Similar to a generator comprehension such as:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        (u for user in users if not user.is_active)
+        (u for user in users if not test_none(user.email))
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.7
+    """
+    return select_or_reject(context, value, args, kwargs, lambda x: not x, True)
+
+
+@async_variant(sync_do_rejectattr)  # type: ignore
+async def do_rejectattr(
+    context: "Context",
+    value: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]",
+    *args: t.Any,
+    **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> "t.AsyncIterator[V]":
+    return async_select_or_reject(context, value, args, kwargs, lambda x: not x, True)
+
+
+@pass_eval_context
+def do_tojson(
+    eval_ctx: "EvalContext", value: t.Any, indent: t.Optional[int] = None
+) -> Markup:
+    """Serialize an object to a string of JSON, and mark it safe to
+    render in HTML. This filter is only for use in HTML documents.
+
+    The returned string is safe to render in HTML documents and
+    ``<script>`` tags. The exception is in HTML attributes that are
+    double quoted; either use single quotes or the ``|forceescape``
+    filter.
+
+    :param value: The object to serialize to JSON.
+    :param indent: The ``indent`` parameter passed to ``dumps``, for
+        pretty-printing the value.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.9
+    """
+    policies = eval_ctx.environment.policies
+    dumps = policies["json.dumps_function"]
+    kwargs = policies["json.dumps_kwargs"]
+
+    if indent is not None:
+        kwargs = kwargs.copy()
+        kwargs["indent"] = indent
+
+    return htmlsafe_json_dumps(value, dumps=dumps, **kwargs)
+
+
+def prepare_map(
+    context: "Context", args: t.Tuple, kwargs: t.Dict[str, t.Any]
+) -> t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]:
+    if not args and "attribute" in kwargs:
+        attribute = kwargs.pop("attribute")
+        default = kwargs.pop("default", None)
+
+        if kwargs:
+            raise FilterArgumentError(
+                f"Unexpected keyword argument {next(iter(kwargs))!r}"
+            )
+
+        func = make_attrgetter(context.environment, attribute, default=default)
+    else:
+        try:
+            name = args[0]
+            args = args[1:]
+        except LookupError:
+            raise FilterArgumentError("map requires a filter argument") from None
+
+        def func(item: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+            return context.environment.call_filter(
+                name, item, args, kwargs, context=context
+            )
+
+    return func
+
+
+def prepare_select_or_reject(
+    context: "Context",
+    args: t.Tuple,
+    kwargs: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+    modfunc: t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any],
+    lookup_attr: bool,
+) -> t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]:
+    if lookup_attr:
+        try:
+            attr = args[0]
+        except LookupError:
+            raise FilterArgumentError("Missing parameter for attribute name") from None
+
+        transfunc = make_attrgetter(context.environment, attr)
+        off = 1
+    else:
+        off = 0
+
+        def transfunc(x: V) -> V:
+            return x
+
+    try:
+        name = args[off]
+        args = args[1 + off :]
+
+        def func(item: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+            return context.environment.call_test(name, item, args, kwargs)
+
+    except LookupError:
+        func = bool  # type: ignore
+
+    return lambda item: modfunc(func(transfunc(item)))
+
+
+def select_or_reject(
+    context: "Context",
+    value: "t.Iterable[V]",
+    args: t.Tuple,
+    kwargs: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+    modfunc: t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any],
+    lookup_attr: bool,
+) -> "t.Iterator[V]":
+    if value:
+        func = prepare_select_or_reject(context, args, kwargs, modfunc, lookup_attr)
+
+        for item in value:
+            if func(item):
+                yield item
+
+
+async def async_select_or_reject(
+    context: "Context",
+    value: "t.Union[t.AsyncIterable[V], t.Iterable[V]]",
+    args: t.Tuple,
+    kwargs: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+    modfunc: t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any],
+    lookup_attr: bool,
+) -> "t.AsyncIterator[V]":
+    if value:
+        func = prepare_select_or_reject(context, args, kwargs, modfunc, lookup_attr)
+
+        async for item in auto_aiter(value):
+            if func(item):
+                yield item
+
+
+FILTERS = {
+    "abs": abs,
+    "attr": do_attr,
+    "batch": do_batch,
+    "capitalize": do_capitalize,
+    "center": do_center,
+    "count": len,
+    "d": do_default,
+    "default": do_default,
+    "dictsort": do_dictsort,
+    "e": escape,
+    "escape": escape,
+    "filesizeformat": do_filesizeformat,
+    "first": do_first,
+    "float": do_float,
+    "forceescape": do_forceescape,
+    "format": do_format,
+    "groupby": do_groupby,
+    "indent": do_indent,
+    "int": do_int,
+    "join": do_join,
+    "last": do_last,
+    "length": len,
+    "list": do_list,
+    "lower": do_lower,
+    "map": do_map,
+    "min": do_min,
+    "max": do_max,
+    "pprint": do_pprint,
+    "random": do_random,
+    "reject": do_reject,
+    "rejectattr": do_rejectattr,
+    "replace": do_replace,
+    "reverse": do_reverse,
+    "round": do_round,
+    "safe": do_mark_safe,
+    "select": do_select,
+    "selectattr": do_selectattr,
+    "slice": do_slice,
+    "sort": do_sort,
+    "string": soft_str,
+    "striptags": do_striptags,
+    "sum": do_sum,
+    "title": do_title,
+    "trim": do_trim,
+    "truncate": do_truncate,
+    "unique": do_unique,
+    "upper": do_upper,
+    "urlencode": do_urlencode,
+    "urlize": do_urlize,
+    "wordcount": do_wordcount,
+    "wordwrap": do_wordwrap,
+    "xmlattr": do_xmlattr,
+    "tojson": do_tojson,
+}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/idtracking.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/idtracking.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38c525e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/idtracking.py
@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+import typing as t
+
+from . import nodes
+from .visitor import NodeVisitor
+
+VAR_LOAD_PARAMETER = "param"
+VAR_LOAD_RESOLVE = "resolve"
+VAR_LOAD_ALIAS = "alias"
+VAR_LOAD_UNDEFINED = "undefined"
+
+
+def find_symbols(
+    nodes: t.Iterable[nodes.Node], parent_symbols: t.Optional["Symbols"] = None
+) -> "Symbols":
+    sym = Symbols(parent=parent_symbols)
+    visitor = FrameSymbolVisitor(sym)
+    for node in nodes:
+        visitor.visit(node)
+    return sym
+
+
+def symbols_for_node(
+    node: nodes.Node, parent_symbols: t.Optional["Symbols"] = None
+) -> "Symbols":
+    sym = Symbols(parent=parent_symbols)
+    sym.analyze_node(node)
+    return sym
+
+
+class Symbols:
+    def __init__(
+        self, parent: t.Optional["Symbols"] = None, level: t.Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        if level is None:
+            if parent is None:
+                level = 0
+            else:
+                level = parent.level + 1
+
+        self.level: int = level
+        self.parent = parent
+        self.refs: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
+        self.loads: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+        self.stores: t.Set[str] = set()
+
+    def analyze_node(self, node: nodes.Node, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        visitor = RootVisitor(self)
+        visitor.visit(node, **kwargs)
+
+    def _define_ref(
+        self, name: str, load: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str]]] = None
+    ) -> str:
+        ident = f"l_{self.level}_{name}"
+        self.refs[name] = ident
+        if load is not None:
+            self.loads[ident] = load
+        return ident
+
+    def find_load(self, target: str) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        if target in self.loads:
+            return self.loads[target]
+
+        if self.parent is not None:
+            return self.parent.find_load(target)
+
+        return None
+
+    def find_ref(self, name: str) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        if name in self.refs:
+            return self.refs[name]
+
+        if self.parent is not None:
+            return self.parent.find_ref(name)
+
+        return None
+
+    def ref(self, name: str) -> str:
+        rv = self.find_ref(name)
+        if rv is None:
+            raise AssertionError(
+                "Tried to resolve a name to a reference that was"
+                f" unknown to the frame ({name!r})"
+            )
+        return rv
+
+    def copy(self) -> "Symbols":
+        rv = t.cast(Symbols, object.__new__(self.__class__))
+        rv.__dict__.update(self.__dict__)
+        rv.refs = self.refs.copy()
+        rv.loads = self.loads.copy()
+        rv.stores = self.stores.copy()
+        return rv
+
+    def store(self, name: str) -> None:
+        self.stores.add(name)
+
+        # If we have not see the name referenced yet, we need to figure
+        # out what to set it to.
+        if name not in self.refs:
+            # If there is a parent scope we check if the name has a
+            # reference there.  If it does it means we might have to alias
+            # to a variable there.
+            if self.parent is not None:
+                outer_ref = self.parent.find_ref(name)
+                if outer_ref is not None:
+                    self._define_ref(name, load=(VAR_LOAD_ALIAS, outer_ref))
+                    return
+
+            # Otherwise we can just set it to undefined.
+            self._define_ref(name, load=(VAR_LOAD_UNDEFINED, None))
+
+    def declare_parameter(self, name: str) -> str:
+        self.stores.add(name)
+        return self._define_ref(name, load=(VAR_LOAD_PARAMETER, None))
+
+    def load(self, name: str) -> None:
+        if self.find_ref(name) is None:
+            self._define_ref(name, load=(VAR_LOAD_RESOLVE, name))
+
+    def branch_update(self, branch_symbols: t.Sequence["Symbols"]) -> None:
+        stores: t.Dict[str, int] = {}
+        for branch in branch_symbols:
+            for target in branch.stores:
+                if target in self.stores:
+                    continue
+                stores[target] = stores.get(target, 0) + 1
+
+        for sym in branch_symbols:
+            self.refs.update(sym.refs)
+            self.loads.update(sym.loads)
+            self.stores.update(sym.stores)
+
+        for name, branch_count in stores.items():
+            if branch_count == len(branch_symbols):
+                continue
+
+            target = self.find_ref(name)  # type: ignore
+            assert target is not None, "should not happen"
+
+            if self.parent is not None:
+                outer_target = self.parent.find_ref(name)
+                if outer_target is not None:
+                    self.loads[target] = (VAR_LOAD_ALIAS, outer_target)
+                    continue
+            self.loads[target] = (VAR_LOAD_RESOLVE, name)
+
+    def dump_stores(self) -> t.Dict[str, str]:
+        rv: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
+        node: t.Optional["Symbols"] = self
+
+        while node is not None:
+            for name in sorted(node.stores):
+                if name not in rv:
+                    rv[name] = self.find_ref(name)  # type: ignore
+
+            node = node.parent
+
+        return rv
+
+    def dump_param_targets(self) -> t.Set[str]:
+        rv = set()
+        node: t.Optional["Symbols"] = self
+
+        while node is not None:
+            for target, (instr, _) in self.loads.items():
+                if instr == VAR_LOAD_PARAMETER:
+                    rv.add(target)
+
+            node = node.parent
+
+        return rv
+
+
+class RootVisitor(NodeVisitor):
+    def __init__(self, symbols: "Symbols") -> None:
+        self.sym_visitor = FrameSymbolVisitor(symbols)
+
+    def _simple_visit(self, node: nodes.Node, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        for child in node.iter_child_nodes():
+            self.sym_visitor.visit(child)
+
+    visit_Template = _simple_visit
+    visit_Block = _simple_visit
+    visit_Macro = _simple_visit
+    visit_FilterBlock = _simple_visit
+    visit_Scope = _simple_visit
+    visit_If = _simple_visit
+    visit_ScopedEvalContextModifier = _simple_visit
+
+    def visit_AssignBlock(self, node: nodes.AssignBlock, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        for child in node.body:
+            self.sym_visitor.visit(child)
+
+    def visit_CallBlock(self, node: nodes.CallBlock, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        for child in node.iter_child_nodes(exclude=("call",)):
+            self.sym_visitor.visit(child)
+
+    def visit_OverlayScope(self, node: nodes.OverlayScope, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        for child in node.body:
+            self.sym_visitor.visit(child)
+
+    def visit_For(
+        self, node: nodes.For, for_branch: str = "body", **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> None:
+        if for_branch == "body":
+            self.sym_visitor.visit(node.target, store_as_param=True)
+            branch = node.body
+        elif for_branch == "else":
+            branch = node.else_
+        elif for_branch == "test":
+            self.sym_visitor.visit(node.target, store_as_param=True)
+            if node.test is not None:
+                self.sym_visitor.visit(node.test)
+            return
+        else:
+            raise RuntimeError("Unknown for branch")
+
+        if branch:
+            for item in branch:
+                self.sym_visitor.visit(item)
+
+    def visit_With(self, node: nodes.With, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        for target in node.targets:
+            self.sym_visitor.visit(target)
+        for child in node.body:
+            self.sym_visitor.visit(child)
+
+    def generic_visit(self, node: nodes.Node, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError(f"Cannot find symbols for {type(node).__name__!r}")
+
+
+class FrameSymbolVisitor(NodeVisitor):
+    """A visitor for `Frame.inspect`."""
+
+    def __init__(self, symbols: "Symbols") -> None:
+        self.symbols = symbols
+
+    def visit_Name(
+        self, node: nodes.Name, store_as_param: bool = False, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> None:
+        """All assignments to names go through this function."""
+        if store_as_param or node.ctx == "param":
+            self.symbols.declare_parameter(node.name)
+        elif node.ctx == "store":
+            self.symbols.store(node.name)
+        elif node.ctx == "load":
+            self.symbols.load(node.name)
+
+    def visit_NSRef(self, node: nodes.NSRef, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.symbols.load(node.name)
+
+    def visit_If(self, node: nodes.If, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.visit(node.test, **kwargs)
+        original_symbols = self.symbols
+
+        def inner_visit(nodes: t.Iterable[nodes.Node]) -> "Symbols":
+            self.symbols = rv = original_symbols.copy()
+
+            for subnode in nodes:
+                self.visit(subnode, **kwargs)
+
+            self.symbols = original_symbols
+            return rv
+
+        body_symbols = inner_visit(node.body)
+        elif_symbols = inner_visit(node.elif_)
+        else_symbols = inner_visit(node.else_ or ())
+        self.symbols.branch_update([body_symbols, elif_symbols, else_symbols])
+
+    def visit_Macro(self, node: nodes.Macro, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.symbols.store(node.name)
+
+    def visit_Import(self, node: nodes.Import, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.generic_visit(node, **kwargs)
+        self.symbols.store(node.target)
+
+    def visit_FromImport(self, node: nodes.FromImport, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.generic_visit(node, **kwargs)
+
+        for name in node.names:
+            if isinstance(name, tuple):
+                self.symbols.store(name[1])
+            else:
+                self.symbols.store(name)
+
+    def visit_Assign(self, node: nodes.Assign, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Visit assignments in the correct order."""
+        self.visit(node.node, **kwargs)
+        self.visit(node.target, **kwargs)
+
+    def visit_For(self, node: nodes.For, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Visiting stops at for blocks.  However the block sequence
+        is visited as part of the outer scope.
+        """
+        self.visit(node.iter, **kwargs)
+
+    def visit_CallBlock(self, node: nodes.CallBlock, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.visit(node.call, **kwargs)
+
+    def visit_FilterBlock(self, node: nodes.FilterBlock, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.visit(node.filter, **kwargs)
+
+    def visit_With(self, node: nodes.With, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        for target in node.values:
+            self.visit(target)
+
+    def visit_AssignBlock(self, node: nodes.AssignBlock, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Stop visiting at block assigns."""
+        self.visit(node.target, **kwargs)
+
+    def visit_Scope(self, node: nodes.Scope, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Stop visiting at scopes."""
+
+    def visit_Block(self, node: nodes.Block, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Stop visiting at blocks."""
+
+    def visit_OverlayScope(self, node: nodes.OverlayScope, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Do not visit into overlay scopes."""
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/lexer.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/lexer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c25ab0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/lexer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,869 @@
+"""Implements a Jinja / Python combination lexer. The ``Lexer`` class
+is used to do some preprocessing. It filters out invalid operators like
+the bitshift operators we don't allow in templates. It separates
+template code and python code in expressions.
+"""
+import re
+import typing as t
+from ast import literal_eval
+from collections import deque
+from sys import intern
+
+from ._identifier import pattern as name_re
+from .exceptions import TemplateSyntaxError
+from .utils import LRUCache
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .environment import Environment
+
+# cache for the lexers. Exists in order to be able to have multiple
+# environments with the same lexer
+_lexer_cache: t.MutableMapping[t.Tuple, "Lexer"] = LRUCache(50)  # type: ignore
+
+# static regular expressions
+whitespace_re = re.compile(r"\s+")
+newline_re = re.compile(r"(\r\n|\r|\n)")
+string_re = re.compile(
+    r"('([^'\\]*(?:\\.[^'\\]*)*)'" r'|"([^"\\]*(?:\\.[^"\\]*)*)")', re.S
+)
+integer_re = re.compile(
+    r"""
+    (
+        0b(_?[0-1])+ # binary
+    |
+        0o(_?[0-7])+ # octal
+    |
+        0x(_?[\da-f])+ # hex
+    |
+        [1-9](_?\d)* # decimal
+    |
+        0(_?0)* # decimal zero
+    )
+    """,
+    re.IGNORECASE | re.VERBOSE,
+)
+float_re = re.compile(
+    r"""
+    (?<!\.)  # doesn't start with a .
+    (\d+_)*\d+  # digits, possibly _ separated
+    (
+        (\.(\d+_)*\d+)?  # optional fractional part
+        e[+\-]?(\d+_)*\d+  # exponent part
+    |
+        \.(\d+_)*\d+  # required fractional part
+    )
+    """,
+    re.IGNORECASE | re.VERBOSE,
+)
+
+# internal the tokens and keep references to them
+TOKEN_ADD = intern("add")
+TOKEN_ASSIGN = intern("assign")
+TOKEN_COLON = intern("colon")
+TOKEN_COMMA = intern("comma")
+TOKEN_DIV = intern("div")
+TOKEN_DOT = intern("dot")
+TOKEN_EQ = intern("eq")
+TOKEN_FLOORDIV = intern("floordiv")
+TOKEN_GT = intern("gt")
+TOKEN_GTEQ = intern("gteq")
+TOKEN_LBRACE = intern("lbrace")
+TOKEN_LBRACKET = intern("lbracket")
+TOKEN_LPAREN = intern("lparen")
+TOKEN_LT = intern("lt")
+TOKEN_LTEQ = intern("lteq")
+TOKEN_MOD = intern("mod")
+TOKEN_MUL = intern("mul")
+TOKEN_NE = intern("ne")
+TOKEN_PIPE = intern("pipe")
+TOKEN_POW = intern("pow")
+TOKEN_RBRACE = intern("rbrace")
+TOKEN_RBRACKET = intern("rbracket")
+TOKEN_RPAREN = intern("rparen")
+TOKEN_SEMICOLON = intern("semicolon")
+TOKEN_SUB = intern("sub")
+TOKEN_TILDE = intern("tilde")
+TOKEN_WHITESPACE = intern("whitespace")
+TOKEN_FLOAT = intern("float")
+TOKEN_INTEGER = intern("integer")
+TOKEN_NAME = intern("name")
+TOKEN_STRING = intern("string")
+TOKEN_OPERATOR = intern("operator")
+TOKEN_BLOCK_BEGIN = intern("block_begin")
+TOKEN_BLOCK_END = intern("block_end")
+TOKEN_VARIABLE_BEGIN = intern("variable_begin")
+TOKEN_VARIABLE_END = intern("variable_end")
+TOKEN_RAW_BEGIN = intern("raw_begin")
+TOKEN_RAW_END = intern("raw_end")
+TOKEN_COMMENT_BEGIN = intern("comment_begin")
+TOKEN_COMMENT_END = intern("comment_end")
+TOKEN_COMMENT = intern("comment")
+TOKEN_LINESTATEMENT_BEGIN = intern("linestatement_begin")
+TOKEN_LINESTATEMENT_END = intern("linestatement_end")
+TOKEN_LINECOMMENT_BEGIN = intern("linecomment_begin")
+TOKEN_LINECOMMENT_END = intern("linecomment_end")
+TOKEN_LINECOMMENT = intern("linecomment")
+TOKEN_DATA = intern("data")
+TOKEN_INITIAL = intern("initial")
+TOKEN_EOF = intern("eof")
+
+# bind operators to token types
+operators = {
+    "+": TOKEN_ADD,
+    "-": TOKEN_SUB,
+    "/": TOKEN_DIV,
+    "//": TOKEN_FLOORDIV,
+    "*": TOKEN_MUL,
+    "%": TOKEN_MOD,
+    "**": TOKEN_POW,
+    "~": TOKEN_TILDE,
+    "[": TOKEN_LBRACKET,
+    "]": TOKEN_RBRACKET,
+    "(": TOKEN_LPAREN,
+    ")": TOKEN_RPAREN,
+    "{": TOKEN_LBRACE,
+    "}": TOKEN_RBRACE,
+    "==": TOKEN_EQ,
+    "!=": TOKEN_NE,
+    ">": TOKEN_GT,
+    ">=": TOKEN_GTEQ,
+    "<": TOKEN_LT,
+    "<=": TOKEN_LTEQ,
+    "=": TOKEN_ASSIGN,
+    ".": TOKEN_DOT,
+    ":": TOKEN_COLON,
+    "|": TOKEN_PIPE,
+    ",": TOKEN_COMMA,
+    ";": TOKEN_SEMICOLON,
+}
+
+reverse_operators = {v: k for k, v in operators.items()}
+assert len(operators) == len(reverse_operators), "operators dropped"
+operator_re = re.compile(
+    f"({'|'.join(re.escape(x) for x in sorted(operators, key=lambda x: -len(x)))})"
+)
+
+ignored_tokens = frozenset(
+    [
+        TOKEN_COMMENT_BEGIN,
+        TOKEN_COMMENT,
+        TOKEN_COMMENT_END,
+        TOKEN_WHITESPACE,
+        TOKEN_LINECOMMENT_BEGIN,
+        TOKEN_LINECOMMENT_END,
+        TOKEN_LINECOMMENT,
+    ]
+)
+ignore_if_empty = frozenset(
+    [TOKEN_WHITESPACE, TOKEN_DATA, TOKEN_COMMENT, TOKEN_LINECOMMENT]
+)
+
+
+def _describe_token_type(token_type: str) -> str:
+    if token_type in reverse_operators:
+        return reverse_operators[token_type]
+
+    return {
+        TOKEN_COMMENT_BEGIN: "begin of comment",
+        TOKEN_COMMENT_END: "end of comment",
+        TOKEN_COMMENT: "comment",
+        TOKEN_LINECOMMENT: "comment",
+        TOKEN_BLOCK_BEGIN: "begin of statement block",
+        TOKEN_BLOCK_END: "end of statement block",
+        TOKEN_VARIABLE_BEGIN: "begin of print statement",
+        TOKEN_VARIABLE_END: "end of print statement",
+        TOKEN_LINESTATEMENT_BEGIN: "begin of line statement",
+        TOKEN_LINESTATEMENT_END: "end of line statement",
+        TOKEN_DATA: "template data / text",
+        TOKEN_EOF: "end of template",
+    }.get(token_type, token_type)
+
+
+def describe_token(token: "Token") -> str:
+    """Returns a description of the token."""
+    if token.type == TOKEN_NAME:
+        return token.value
+
+    return _describe_token_type(token.type)
+
+
+def describe_token_expr(expr: str) -> str:
+    """Like `describe_token` but for token expressions."""
+    if ":" in expr:
+        type, value = expr.split(":", 1)
+
+        if type == TOKEN_NAME:
+            return value
+    else:
+        type = expr
+
+    return _describe_token_type(type)
+
+
+def count_newlines(value: str) -> int:
+    """Count the number of newline characters in the string.  This is
+    useful for extensions that filter a stream.
+    """
+    return len(newline_re.findall(value))
+
+
+def compile_rules(environment: "Environment") -> t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+    """Compiles all the rules from the environment into a list of rules."""
+    e = re.escape
+    rules = [
+        (
+            len(environment.comment_start_string),
+            TOKEN_COMMENT_BEGIN,
+            e(environment.comment_start_string),
+        ),
+        (
+            len(environment.block_start_string),
+            TOKEN_BLOCK_BEGIN,
+            e(environment.block_start_string),
+        ),
+        (
+            len(environment.variable_start_string),
+            TOKEN_VARIABLE_BEGIN,
+            e(environment.variable_start_string),
+        ),
+    ]
+
+    if environment.line_statement_prefix is not None:
+        rules.append(
+            (
+                len(environment.line_statement_prefix),
+                TOKEN_LINESTATEMENT_BEGIN,
+                r"^[ \t\v]*" + e(environment.line_statement_prefix),
+            )
+        )
+    if environment.line_comment_prefix is not None:
+        rules.append(
+            (
+                len(environment.line_comment_prefix),
+                TOKEN_LINECOMMENT_BEGIN,
+                r"(?:^|(?<=\S))[^\S\r\n]*" + e(environment.line_comment_prefix),
+            )
+        )
+
+    return [x[1:] for x in sorted(rules, reverse=True)]
+
+
+class Failure:
+    """Class that raises a `TemplateSyntaxError` if called.
+    Used by the `Lexer` to specify known errors.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, message: str, cls: t.Type[TemplateSyntaxError] = TemplateSyntaxError
+    ) -> None:
+        self.message = message
+        self.error_class = cls
+
+    def __call__(self, lineno: int, filename: str) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        raise self.error_class(self.message, lineno, filename)
+
+
+class Token(t.NamedTuple):
+    lineno: int
+    type: str
+    value: str
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return describe_token(self)
+
+    def test(self, expr: str) -> bool:
+        """Test a token against a token expression.  This can either be a
+        token type or ``'token_type:token_value'``.  This can only test
+        against string values and types.
+        """
+        # here we do a regular string equality check as test_any is usually
+        # passed an iterable of not interned strings.
+        if self.type == expr:
+            return True
+
+        if ":" in expr:
+            return expr.split(":", 1) == [self.type, self.value]
+
+        return False
+
+    def test_any(self, *iterable: str) -> bool:
+        """Test against multiple token expressions."""
+        return any(self.test(expr) for expr in iterable)
+
+
+class TokenStreamIterator:
+    """The iterator for tokenstreams.  Iterate over the stream
+    until the eof token is reached.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, stream: "TokenStream") -> None:
+        self.stream = stream
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> "TokenStreamIterator":
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self) -> Token:
+        token = self.stream.current
+
+        if token.type is TOKEN_EOF:
+            self.stream.close()
+            raise StopIteration
+
+        next(self.stream)
+        return token
+
+
+class TokenStream:
+    """A token stream is an iterable that yields :class:`Token`\\s.  The
+    parser however does not iterate over it but calls :meth:`next` to go
+    one token ahead.  The current active token is stored as :attr:`current`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        generator: t.Iterable[Token],
+        name: t.Optional[str],
+        filename: t.Optional[str],
+    ):
+        self._iter = iter(generator)
+        self._pushed: "te.Deque[Token]" = deque()
+        self.name = name
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.closed = False
+        self.current = Token(1, TOKEN_INITIAL, "")
+        next(self)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> TokenStreamIterator:
+        return TokenStreamIterator(self)
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self._pushed) or self.current.type is not TOKEN_EOF
+
+    @property
+    def eos(self) -> bool:
+        """Are we at the end of the stream?"""
+        return not self
+
+    def push(self, token: Token) -> None:
+        """Push a token back to the stream."""
+        self._pushed.append(token)
+
+    def look(self) -> Token:
+        """Look at the next token."""
+        old_token = next(self)
+        result = self.current
+        self.push(result)
+        self.current = old_token
+        return result
+
+    def skip(self, n: int = 1) -> None:
+        """Got n tokens ahead."""
+        for _ in range(n):
+            next(self)
+
+    def next_if(self, expr: str) -> t.Optional[Token]:
+        """Perform the token test and return the token if it matched.
+        Otherwise the return value is `None`.
+        """
+        if self.current.test(expr):
+            return next(self)
+
+        return None
+
+    def skip_if(self, expr: str) -> bool:
+        """Like :meth:`next_if` but only returns `True` or `False`."""
+        return self.next_if(expr) is not None
+
+    def __next__(self) -> Token:
+        """Go one token ahead and return the old one.
+
+        Use the built-in :func:`next` instead of calling this directly.
+        """
+        rv = self.current
+
+        if self._pushed:
+            self.current = self._pushed.popleft()
+        elif self.current.type is not TOKEN_EOF:
+            try:
+                self.current = next(self._iter)
+            except StopIteration:
+                self.close()
+
+        return rv
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Close the stream."""
+        self.current = Token(self.current.lineno, TOKEN_EOF, "")
+        self._iter = iter(())
+        self.closed = True
+
+    def expect(self, expr: str) -> Token:
+        """Expect a given token type and return it.  This accepts the same
+        argument as :meth:`jinja2.lexer.Token.test`.
+        """
+        if not self.current.test(expr):
+            expr = describe_token_expr(expr)
+
+            if self.current.type is TOKEN_EOF:
+                raise TemplateSyntaxError(
+                    f"unexpected end of template, expected {expr!r}.",
+                    self.current.lineno,
+                    self.name,
+                    self.filename,
+                )
+
+            raise TemplateSyntaxError(
+                f"expected token {expr!r}, got {describe_token(self.current)!r}",
+                self.current.lineno,
+                self.name,
+                self.filename,
+            )
+
+        return next(self)
+
+
+def get_lexer(environment: "Environment") -> "Lexer":
+    """Return a lexer which is probably cached."""
+    key = (
+        environment.block_start_string,
+        environment.block_end_string,
+        environment.variable_start_string,
+        environment.variable_end_string,
+        environment.comment_start_string,
+        environment.comment_end_string,
+        environment.line_statement_prefix,
+        environment.line_comment_prefix,
+        environment.trim_blocks,
+        environment.lstrip_blocks,
+        environment.newline_sequence,
+        environment.keep_trailing_newline,
+    )
+    lexer = _lexer_cache.get(key)
+
+    if lexer is None:
+        _lexer_cache[key] = lexer = Lexer(environment)
+
+    return lexer
+
+
+class OptionalLStrip(tuple):
+    """A special tuple for marking a point in the state that can have
+    lstrip applied.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    # Even though it looks like a no-op, creating instances fails
+    # without this.
+    def __new__(cls, *members, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+        return super().__new__(cls, members)
+
+
+class _Rule(t.NamedTuple):
+    pattern: t.Pattern[str]
+    tokens: t.Union[str, t.Tuple[str, ...], t.Tuple[Failure]]
+    command: t.Optional[str]
+
+
+class Lexer:
+    """Class that implements a lexer for a given environment. Automatically
+    created by the environment class, usually you don't have to do that.
+
+    Note that the lexer is not automatically bound to an environment.
+    Multiple environments can share the same lexer.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, environment: "Environment") -> None:
+        # shortcuts
+        e = re.escape
+
+        def c(x: str) -> t.Pattern[str]:
+            return re.compile(x, re.M | re.S)
+
+        # lexing rules for tags
+        tag_rules: t.List[_Rule] = [
+            _Rule(whitespace_re, TOKEN_WHITESPACE, None),
+            _Rule(float_re, TOKEN_FLOAT, None),
+            _Rule(integer_re, TOKEN_INTEGER, None),
+            _Rule(name_re, TOKEN_NAME, None),
+            _Rule(string_re, TOKEN_STRING, None),
+            _Rule(operator_re, TOKEN_OPERATOR, None),
+        ]
+
+        # assemble the root lexing rule. because "|" is ungreedy
+        # we have to sort by length so that the lexer continues working
+        # as expected when we have parsing rules like <% for block and
+        # <%= for variables. (if someone wants asp like syntax)
+        # variables are just part of the rules if variable processing
+        # is required.
+        root_tag_rules = compile_rules(environment)
+
+        block_start_re = e(environment.block_start_string)
+        block_end_re = e(environment.block_end_string)
+        comment_end_re = e(environment.comment_end_string)
+        variable_end_re = e(environment.variable_end_string)
+
+        # block suffix if trimming is enabled
+        block_suffix_re = "\\n?" if environment.trim_blocks else ""
+
+        # If lstrip is enabled, it should not be applied if there is any
+        # non-whitespace between the newline and block.
+        self.lstrip_unless_re = c(r"[^ \t]") if environment.lstrip_blocks else None
+
+        self.newline_sequence = environment.newline_sequence
+        self.keep_trailing_newline = environment.keep_trailing_newline
+
+        root_raw_re = (
+            fr"(?P<raw_begin>{block_start_re}(\-|\+|)\s*raw\s*"
+            fr"(?:\-{block_end_re}\s*|{block_end_re}))"
+        )
+        root_parts_re = "|".join(
+            [root_raw_re] + [fr"(?P<{n}>{r}(\-|\+|))" for n, r in root_tag_rules]
+        )
+
+        # global lexing rules
+        self.rules: t.Dict[str, t.List[_Rule]] = {
+            "root": [
+                # directives
+                _Rule(
+                    c(fr"(.*?)(?:{root_parts_re})"),
+                    OptionalLStrip(TOKEN_DATA, "#bygroup"),  # type: ignore
+                    "#bygroup",
+                ),
+                # data
+                _Rule(c(".+"), TOKEN_DATA, None),
+            ],
+            # comments
+            TOKEN_COMMENT_BEGIN: [
+                _Rule(
+                    c(
+                        fr"(.*?)((?:\+{comment_end_re}|\-{comment_end_re}\s*"
+                        fr"|{comment_end_re}{block_suffix_re}))"
+                    ),
+                    (TOKEN_COMMENT, TOKEN_COMMENT_END),
+                    "#pop",
+                ),
+                _Rule(c(r"(.)"), (Failure("Missing end of comment tag"),), None),
+            ],
+            # blocks
+            TOKEN_BLOCK_BEGIN: [
+                _Rule(
+                    c(
+                        fr"(?:\+{block_end_re}|\-{block_end_re}\s*"
+                        fr"|{block_end_re}{block_suffix_re})"
+                    ),
+                    TOKEN_BLOCK_END,
+                    "#pop",
+                ),
+            ]
+            + tag_rules,
+            # variables
+            TOKEN_VARIABLE_BEGIN: [
+                _Rule(
+                    c(fr"\-{variable_end_re}\s*|{variable_end_re}"),
+                    TOKEN_VARIABLE_END,
+                    "#pop",
+                )
+            ]
+            + tag_rules,
+            # raw block
+            TOKEN_RAW_BEGIN: [
+                _Rule(
+                    c(
+                        fr"(.*?)((?:{block_start_re}(\-|\+|))\s*endraw\s*"
+                        fr"(?:\+{block_end_re}|\-{block_end_re}\s*"
+                        fr"|{block_end_re}{block_suffix_re}))"
+                    ),
+                    OptionalLStrip(TOKEN_DATA, TOKEN_RAW_END),  # type: ignore
+                    "#pop",
+                ),
+                _Rule(c(r"(.)"), (Failure("Missing end of raw directive"),), None),
+            ],
+            # line statements
+            TOKEN_LINESTATEMENT_BEGIN: [
+                _Rule(c(r"\s*(\n|$)"), TOKEN_LINESTATEMENT_END, "#pop")
+            ]
+            + tag_rules,
+            # line comments
+            TOKEN_LINECOMMENT_BEGIN: [
+                _Rule(
+                    c(r"(.*?)()(?=\n|$)"),
+                    (TOKEN_LINECOMMENT, TOKEN_LINECOMMENT_END),
+                    "#pop",
+                )
+            ],
+        }
+
+    def _normalize_newlines(self, value: str) -> str:
+        """Replace all newlines with the configured sequence in strings
+        and template data.
+        """
+        return newline_re.sub(self.newline_sequence, value)
+
+    def tokenize(
+        self,
+        source: str,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        state: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> TokenStream:
+        """Calls tokeniter + tokenize and wraps it in a token stream."""
+        stream = self.tokeniter(source, name, filename, state)
+        return TokenStream(self.wrap(stream, name, filename), name, filename)
+
+    def wrap(
+        self,
+        stream: t.Iterable[t.Tuple[int, str, str]],
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> t.Iterator[Token]:
+        """This is called with the stream as returned by `tokenize` and wraps
+        every token in a :class:`Token` and converts the value.
+        """
+        for lineno, token, value_str in stream:
+            if token in ignored_tokens:
+                continue
+
+            value: t.Any = value_str
+
+            if token == TOKEN_LINESTATEMENT_BEGIN:
+                token = TOKEN_BLOCK_BEGIN
+            elif token == TOKEN_LINESTATEMENT_END:
+                token = TOKEN_BLOCK_END
+            # we are not interested in those tokens in the parser
+            elif token in (TOKEN_RAW_BEGIN, TOKEN_RAW_END):
+                continue
+            elif token == TOKEN_DATA:
+                value = self._normalize_newlines(value_str)
+            elif token == "keyword":
+                token = value_str
+            elif token == TOKEN_NAME:
+                value = value_str
+
+                if not value.isidentifier():
+                    raise TemplateSyntaxError(
+                        "Invalid character in identifier", lineno, name, filename
+                    )
+            elif token == TOKEN_STRING:
+                # try to unescape string
+                try:
+                    value = (
+                        self._normalize_newlines(value_str[1:-1])
+                        .encode("ascii", "backslashreplace")
+                        .decode("unicode-escape")
+                    )
+                except Exception as e:
+                    msg = str(e).split(":")[-1].strip()
+                    raise TemplateSyntaxError(msg, lineno, name, filename) from e
+            elif token == TOKEN_INTEGER:
+                value = int(value_str.replace("_", ""), 0)
+            elif token == TOKEN_FLOAT:
+                # remove all "_" first to support more Python versions
+                value = literal_eval(value_str.replace("_", ""))
+            elif token == TOKEN_OPERATOR:
+                token = operators[value_str]
+
+            yield Token(lineno, token, value)
+
+    def tokeniter(
+        self,
+        source: str,
+        name: t.Optional[str],
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        state: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[int, str, str]]:
+        """This method tokenizes the text and returns the tokens in a
+        generator. Use this method if you just want to tokenize a template.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+            Only ``\\n``, ``\\r\\n`` and ``\\r`` are treated as line
+            breaks.
+        """
+        lines = newline_re.split(source)[::2]
+
+        if not self.keep_trailing_newline and lines[-1] == "":
+            del lines[-1]
+
+        source = "\n".join(lines)
+        pos = 0
+        lineno = 1
+        stack = ["root"]
+
+        if state is not None and state != "root":
+            assert state in ("variable", "block"), "invalid state"
+            stack.append(state + "_begin")
+
+        statetokens = self.rules[stack[-1]]
+        source_length = len(source)
+        balancing_stack: t.List[str] = []
+        lstrip_unless_re = self.lstrip_unless_re
+        newlines_stripped = 0
+        line_starting = True
+
+        while True:
+            # tokenizer loop
+            for regex, tokens, new_state in statetokens:
+                m = regex.match(source, pos)
+
+                # if no match we try again with the next rule
+                if m is None:
+                    continue
+
+                # we only match blocks and variables if braces / parentheses
+                # are balanced. continue parsing with the lower rule which
+                # is the operator rule. do this only if the end tags look
+                # like operators
+                if balancing_stack and tokens in (
+                    TOKEN_VARIABLE_END,
+                    TOKEN_BLOCK_END,
+                    TOKEN_LINESTATEMENT_END,
+                ):
+                    continue
+
+                # tuples support more options
+                if isinstance(tokens, tuple):
+                    groups = m.groups()
+
+                    if isinstance(tokens, OptionalLStrip):
+                        # Rule supports lstrip. Match will look like
+                        # text, block type, whitespace control, type, control, ...
+                        text = groups[0]
+                        # Skipping the text and first type, every other group is the
+                        # whitespace control for each type. One of the groups will be
+                        # -, +, or empty string instead of None.
+                        strip_sign = next(g for g in groups[2::2] if g is not None)
+
+                        if strip_sign == "-":
+                            # Strip all whitespace between the text and the tag.
+                            stripped = text.rstrip()
+                            newlines_stripped = text[len(stripped) :].count("\n")
+                            groups = [stripped, *groups[1:]]
+                        elif (
+                            # Not marked for preserving whitespace.
+                            strip_sign != "+"
+                            # lstrip is enabled.
+                            and lstrip_unless_re is not None
+                            # Not a variable expression.
+                            and not m.groupdict().get(TOKEN_VARIABLE_BEGIN)
+                        ):
+                            # The start of text between the last newline and the tag.
+                            l_pos = text.rfind("\n") + 1
+
+                            if l_pos > 0 or line_starting:
+                                # If there's only whitespace between the newline and the
+                                # tag, strip it.
+                                if not lstrip_unless_re.search(text, l_pos):
+                                    groups = [text[:l_pos], *groups[1:]]
+
+                    for idx, token in enumerate(tokens):
+                        # failure group
+                        if token.__class__ is Failure:
+                            raise token(lineno, filename)
+                        # bygroup is a bit more complex, in that case we
+                        # yield for the current token the first named
+                        # group that matched
+                        elif token == "#bygroup":
+                            for key, value in m.groupdict().items():
+                                if value is not None:
+                                    yield lineno, key, value
+                                    lineno += value.count("\n")
+                                    break
+                            else:
+                                raise RuntimeError(
+                                    f"{regex!r} wanted to resolve the token dynamically"
+                                    " but no group matched"
+                                )
+                        # normal group
+                        else:
+                            data = groups[idx]
+
+                            if data or token not in ignore_if_empty:
+                                yield lineno, token, data
+
+                            lineno += data.count("\n") + newlines_stripped
+                            newlines_stripped = 0
+
+                # strings as token just are yielded as it.
+                else:
+                    data = m.group()
+
+                    # update brace/parentheses balance
+                    if tokens == TOKEN_OPERATOR:
+                        if data == "{":
+                            balancing_stack.append("}")
+                        elif data == "(":
+                            balancing_stack.append(")")
+                        elif data == "[":
+                            balancing_stack.append("]")
+                        elif data in ("}", ")", "]"):
+                            if not balancing_stack:
+                                raise TemplateSyntaxError(
+                                    f"unexpected '{data}'", lineno, name, filename
+                                )
+
+                            expected_op = balancing_stack.pop()
+
+                            if expected_op != data:
+                                raise TemplateSyntaxError(
+                                    f"unexpected '{data}', expected '{expected_op}'",
+                                    lineno,
+                                    name,
+                                    filename,
+                                )
+
+                    # yield items
+                    if data or tokens not in ignore_if_empty:
+                        yield lineno, tokens, data
+
+                    lineno += data.count("\n")
+
+                line_starting = m.group()[-1:] == "\n"
+                # fetch new position into new variable so that we can check
+                # if there is a internal parsing error which would result
+                # in an infinite loop
+                pos2 = m.end()
+
+                # handle state changes
+                if new_state is not None:
+                    # remove the uppermost state
+                    if new_state == "#pop":
+                        stack.pop()
+                    # resolve the new state by group checking
+                    elif new_state == "#bygroup":
+                        for key, value in m.groupdict().items():
+                            if value is not None:
+                                stack.append(key)
+                                break
+                        else:
+                            raise RuntimeError(
+                                f"{regex!r} wanted to resolve the new state dynamically"
+                                f" but no group matched"
+                            )
+                    # direct state name given
+                    else:
+                        stack.append(new_state)
+
+                    statetokens = self.rules[stack[-1]]
+                # we are still at the same position and no stack change.
+                # this means a loop without break condition, avoid that and
+                # raise error
+                elif pos2 == pos:
+                    raise RuntimeError(
+                        f"{regex!r} yielded empty string without stack change"
+                    )
+
+                # publish new function and start again
+                pos = pos2
+                break
+            # if loop terminated without break we haven't found a single match
+            # either we are at the end of the file or we have a problem
+            else:
+                # end of text
+                if pos >= source_length:
+                    return
+
+                # something went wrong
+                raise TemplateSyntaxError(
+                    f"unexpected char {source[pos]!r} at {pos}", lineno, name, filename
+                )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/loaders.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/loaders.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..513c858
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/loaders.py
@@ -0,0 +1,644 @@
+"""API and implementations for loading templates from different data
+sources.
+"""
+import importlib.util
+import os
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import weakref
+import zipimport
+from collections import abc
+from hashlib import sha1
+from importlib import import_module
+from types import ModuleType
+
+from .exceptions import TemplateNotFound
+from .utils import internalcode
+from .utils import open_if_exists
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .environment import Environment
+    from .environment import Template
+
+
+def split_template_path(template: str) -> t.List[str]:
+    """Split a path into segments and perform a sanity check.  If it detects
+    '..' in the path it will raise a `TemplateNotFound` error.
+    """
+    pieces = []
+    for piece in template.split("/"):
+        if (
+            os.path.sep in piece
+            or (os.path.altsep and os.path.altsep in piece)
+            or piece == os.path.pardir
+        ):
+            raise TemplateNotFound(template)
+        elif piece and piece != ".":
+            pieces.append(piece)
+    return pieces
+
+
+class BaseLoader:
+    """Baseclass for all loaders.  Subclass this and override `get_source` to
+    implement a custom loading mechanism.  The environment provides a
+    `get_template` method that calls the loader's `load` method to get the
+    :class:`Template` object.
+
+    A very basic example for a loader that looks up templates on the file
+    system could look like this::
+
+        from jinja2 import BaseLoader, TemplateNotFound
+        from os.path import join, exists, getmtime
+
+        class MyLoader(BaseLoader):
+
+            def __init__(self, path):
+                self.path = path
+
+            def get_source(self, environment, template):
+                path = join(self.path, template)
+                if not exists(path):
+                    raise TemplateNotFound(template)
+                mtime = getmtime(path)
+                with open(path) as f:
+                    source = f.read()
+                return source, path, lambda: mtime == getmtime(path)
+    """
+
+    #: if set to `False` it indicates that the loader cannot provide access
+    #: to the source of templates.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 2.4
+    has_source_access = True
+
+    def get_source(
+        self, environment: "Environment", template: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str], t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]]]:
+        """Get the template source, filename and reload helper for a template.
+        It's passed the environment and template name and has to return a
+        tuple in the form ``(source, filename, uptodate)`` or raise a
+        `TemplateNotFound` error if it can't locate the template.
+
+        The source part of the returned tuple must be the source of the
+        template as a string. The filename should be the name of the
+        file on the filesystem if it was loaded from there, otherwise
+        ``None``. The filename is used by Python for the tracebacks
+        if no loader extension is used.
+
+        The last item in the tuple is the `uptodate` function.  If auto
+        reloading is enabled it's always called to check if the template
+        changed.  No arguments are passed so the function must store the
+        old state somewhere (for example in a closure).  If it returns `False`
+        the template will be reloaded.
+        """
+        if not self.has_source_access:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"{type(self).__name__} cannot provide access to the source"
+            )
+        raise TemplateNotFound(template)
+
+    def list_templates(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        """Iterates over all templates.  If the loader does not support that
+        it should raise a :exc:`TypeError` which is the default behavior.
+        """
+        raise TypeError("this loader cannot iterate over all templates")
+
+    @internalcode
+    def load(
+        self,
+        environment: "Environment",
+        name: str,
+        globals: t.Optional[t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "Template":
+        """Loads a template.  This method looks up the template in the cache
+        or loads one by calling :meth:`get_source`.  Subclasses should not
+        override this method as loaders working on collections of other
+        loaders (such as :class:`PrefixLoader` or :class:`ChoiceLoader`)
+        will not call this method but `get_source` directly.
+        """
+        code = None
+        if globals is None:
+            globals = {}
+
+        # first we try to get the source for this template together
+        # with the filename and the uptodate function.
+        source, filename, uptodate = self.get_source(environment, name)
+
+        # try to load the code from the bytecode cache if there is a
+        # bytecode cache configured.
+        bcc = environment.bytecode_cache
+        if bcc is not None:
+            bucket = bcc.get_bucket(environment, name, filename, source)
+            code = bucket.code
+
+        # if we don't have code so far (not cached, no longer up to
+        # date) etc. we compile the template
+        if code is None:
+            code = environment.compile(source, name, filename)
+
+        # if the bytecode cache is available and the bucket doesn't
+        # have a code so far, we give the bucket the new code and put
+        # it back to the bytecode cache.
+        if bcc is not None and bucket.code is None:
+            bucket.code = code
+            bcc.set_bucket(bucket)
+
+        return environment.template_class.from_code(
+            environment, code, globals, uptodate
+        )
+
+
+class FileSystemLoader(BaseLoader):
+    """Load templates from a directory in the file system.
+
+    The path can be relative or absolute. Relative paths are relative to
+    the current working directory.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        loader = FileSystemLoader("templates")
+
+    A list of paths can be given. The directories will be searched in
+    order, stopping at the first matching template.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        loader = FileSystemLoader(["/override/templates", "/default/templates"])
+
+    :param searchpath: A path, or list of paths, to the directory that
+        contains the templates.
+    :param encoding: Use this encoding to read the text from template
+        files.
+    :param followlinks: Follow symbolic links in the path.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.8
+        Added the ``followlinks`` parameter.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        searchpath: t.Union[str, os.PathLike, t.Sequence[t.Union[str, os.PathLike]]],
+        encoding: str = "utf-8",
+        followlinks: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not isinstance(searchpath, abc.Iterable) or isinstance(searchpath, str):
+            searchpath = [searchpath]
+
+        self.searchpath = [os.fspath(p) for p in searchpath]
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        self.followlinks = followlinks
+
+    def get_source(
+        self, environment: "Environment", template: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, str, t.Callable[[], bool]]:
+        pieces = split_template_path(template)
+        for searchpath in self.searchpath:
+            filename = os.path.join(searchpath, *pieces)
+            f = open_if_exists(filename)
+            if f is None:
+                continue
+            try:
+                contents = f.read().decode(self.encoding)
+            finally:
+                f.close()
+
+            mtime = os.path.getmtime(filename)
+
+            def uptodate() -> bool:
+                try:
+                    return os.path.getmtime(filename) == mtime
+                except OSError:
+                    return False
+
+            return contents, filename, uptodate
+        raise TemplateNotFound(template)
+
+    def list_templates(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        found = set()
+        for searchpath in self.searchpath:
+            walk_dir = os.walk(searchpath, followlinks=self.followlinks)
+            for dirpath, _, filenames in walk_dir:
+                for filename in filenames:
+                    template = (
+                        os.path.join(dirpath, filename)[len(searchpath) :]
+                        .strip(os.path.sep)
+                        .replace(os.path.sep, "/")
+                    )
+                    if template[:2] == "./":
+                        template = template[2:]
+                    if template not in found:
+                        found.add(template)
+        return sorted(found)
+
+
+class PackageLoader(BaseLoader):
+    """Load templates from a directory in a Python package.
+
+    :param package_name: Import name of the package that contains the
+        template directory.
+    :param package_path: Directory within the imported package that
+        contains the templates.
+    :param encoding: Encoding of template files.
+
+    The following example looks up templates in the ``pages`` directory
+    within the ``project.ui`` package.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        loader = PackageLoader("project.ui", "pages")
+
+    Only packages installed as directories (standard pip behavior) or
+    zip/egg files (less common) are supported. The Python API for
+    introspecting data in packages is too limited to support other
+    installation methods the way this loader requires.
+
+    There is limited support for :pep:`420` namespace packages. The
+    template directory is assumed to only be in one namespace
+    contributor. Zip files contributing to a namespace are not
+    supported.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        No longer uses ``setuptools`` as a dependency.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        Limited PEP 420 namespace package support.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        package_name: str,
+        package_path: "str" = "templates",
+        encoding: str = "utf-8",
+    ) -> None:
+        package_path = os.path.normpath(package_path).rstrip(os.path.sep)
+
+        # normpath preserves ".", which isn't valid in zip paths.
+        if package_path == os.path.curdir:
+            package_path = ""
+        elif package_path[:2] == os.path.curdir + os.path.sep:
+            package_path = package_path[2:]
+
+        self.package_path = package_path
+        self.package_name = package_name
+        self.encoding = encoding
+
+        # Make sure the package exists. This also makes namespace
+        # packages work, otherwise get_loader returns None.
+        import_module(package_name)
+        spec = importlib.util.find_spec(package_name)
+        assert spec is not None, "An import spec was not found for the package."
+        loader = spec.loader
+        assert loader is not None, "A loader was not found for the package."
+        self._loader = loader
+        self._archive = None
+        template_root = None
+
+        if isinstance(loader, zipimport.zipimporter):
+            self._archive = loader.archive
+            pkgdir = next(iter(spec.submodule_search_locations))  # type: ignore
+            template_root = os.path.join(pkgdir, package_path)
+        elif spec.submodule_search_locations:
+            # This will be one element for regular packages and multiple
+            # for namespace packages.
+            for root in spec.submodule_search_locations:
+                root = os.path.join(root, package_path)
+
+                if os.path.isdir(root):
+                    template_root = root
+                    break
+
+        if template_root is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"The {package_name!r} package was not installed in a"
+                " way that PackageLoader understands."
+            )
+
+        self._template_root = template_root
+
+    def get_source(
+        self, environment: "Environment", template: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, str, t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]]]:
+        p = os.path.join(self._template_root, *split_template_path(template))
+        up_to_date: t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]]
+
+        if self._archive is None:
+            # Package is a directory.
+            if not os.path.isfile(p):
+                raise TemplateNotFound(template)
+
+            with open(p, "rb") as f:
+                source = f.read()
+
+            mtime = os.path.getmtime(p)
+
+            def up_to_date() -> bool:
+                return os.path.isfile(p) and os.path.getmtime(p) == mtime
+
+        else:
+            # Package is a zip file.
+            try:
+                source = self._loader.get_data(p)  # type: ignore
+            except OSError as e:
+                raise TemplateNotFound(template) from e
+
+            # Could use the zip's mtime for all template mtimes, but
+            # would need to safely reload the module if it's out of
+            # date, so just report it as always current.
+            up_to_date = None
+
+        return source.decode(self.encoding), p, up_to_date
+
+    def list_templates(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        results: t.List[str] = []
+
+        if self._archive is None:
+            # Package is a directory.
+            offset = len(self._template_root)
+
+            for dirpath, _, filenames in os.walk(self._template_root):
+                dirpath = dirpath[offset:].lstrip(os.path.sep)
+                results.extend(
+                    os.path.join(dirpath, name).replace(os.path.sep, "/")
+                    for name in filenames
+                )
+        else:
+            if not hasattr(self._loader, "_files"):
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "This zip import does not have the required"
+                    " metadata to list templates."
+                )
+
+            # Package is a zip file.
+            prefix = (
+                self._template_root[len(self._archive) :].lstrip(os.path.sep)
+                + os.path.sep
+            )
+            offset = len(prefix)
+
+            for name in self._loader._files.keys():  # type: ignore
+                # Find names under the templates directory that aren't directories.
+                if name.startswith(prefix) and name[-1] != os.path.sep:
+                    results.append(name[offset:].replace(os.path.sep, "/"))
+
+        results.sort()
+        return results
+
+
+class DictLoader(BaseLoader):
+    """Loads a template from a Python dict mapping template names to
+    template source.  This loader is useful for unittesting:
+
+    >>> loader = DictLoader({'index.html': 'source here'})
+
+    Because auto reloading is rarely useful this is disabled per default.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, mapping: t.Mapping[str, str]) -> None:
+        self.mapping = mapping
+
+    def get_source(
+        self, environment: "Environment", template: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, None, t.Callable[[], bool]]:
+        if template in self.mapping:
+            source = self.mapping[template]
+            return source, None, lambda: source == self.mapping.get(template)
+        raise TemplateNotFound(template)
+
+    def list_templates(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        return sorted(self.mapping)
+
+
+class FunctionLoader(BaseLoader):
+    """A loader that is passed a function which does the loading.  The
+    function receives the name of the template and has to return either
+    a string with the template source, a tuple in the form ``(source,
+    filename, uptodatefunc)`` or `None` if the template does not exist.
+
+    >>> def load_template(name):
+    ...     if name == 'index.html':
+    ...         return '...'
+    ...
+    >>> loader = FunctionLoader(load_template)
+
+    The `uptodatefunc` is a function that is called if autoreload is enabled
+    and has to return `True` if the template is still up to date.  For more
+    details have a look at :meth:`BaseLoader.get_source` which has the same
+    return value.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        load_func: t.Callable[
+            [str],
+            t.Optional[
+                t.Union[
+                    str, t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str], t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]]]
+                ]
+            ],
+        ],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.load_func = load_func
+
+    def get_source(
+        self, environment: "Environment", template: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str], t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]]]:
+        rv = self.load_func(template)
+
+        if rv is None:
+            raise TemplateNotFound(template)
+
+        if isinstance(rv, str):
+            return rv, None, None
+
+        return rv
+
+
+class PrefixLoader(BaseLoader):
+    """A loader that is passed a dict of loaders where each loader is bound
+    to a prefix.  The prefix is delimited from the template by a slash per
+    default, which can be changed by setting the `delimiter` argument to
+    something else::
+
+        loader = PrefixLoader({
+            'app1':     PackageLoader('mypackage.app1'),
+            'app2':     PackageLoader('mypackage.app2')
+        })
+
+    By loading ``'app1/index.html'`` the file from the app1 package is loaded,
+    by loading ``'app2/index.html'`` the file from the second.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, mapping: t.Mapping[str, BaseLoader], delimiter: str = "/"
+    ) -> None:
+        self.mapping = mapping
+        self.delimiter = delimiter
+
+    def get_loader(self, template: str) -> t.Tuple[BaseLoader, str]:
+        try:
+            prefix, name = template.split(self.delimiter, 1)
+            loader = self.mapping[prefix]
+        except (ValueError, KeyError) as e:
+            raise TemplateNotFound(template) from e
+        return loader, name
+
+    def get_source(
+        self, environment: "Environment", template: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str], t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]]]:
+        loader, name = self.get_loader(template)
+        try:
+            return loader.get_source(environment, name)
+        except TemplateNotFound as e:
+            # re-raise the exception with the correct filename here.
+            # (the one that includes the prefix)
+            raise TemplateNotFound(template) from e
+
+    @internalcode
+    def load(
+        self,
+        environment: "Environment",
+        name: str,
+        globals: t.Optional[t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "Template":
+        loader, local_name = self.get_loader(name)
+        try:
+            return loader.load(environment, local_name, globals)
+        except TemplateNotFound as e:
+            # re-raise the exception with the correct filename here.
+            # (the one that includes the prefix)
+            raise TemplateNotFound(name) from e
+
+    def list_templates(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        result = []
+        for prefix, loader in self.mapping.items():
+            for template in loader.list_templates():
+                result.append(prefix + self.delimiter + template)
+        return result
+
+
+class ChoiceLoader(BaseLoader):
+    """This loader works like the `PrefixLoader` just that no prefix is
+    specified.  If a template could not be found by one loader the next one
+    is tried.
+
+    >>> loader = ChoiceLoader([
+    ...     FileSystemLoader('/path/to/user/templates'),
+    ...     FileSystemLoader('/path/to/system/templates')
+    ... ])
+
+    This is useful if you want to allow users to override builtin templates
+    from a different location.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, loaders: t.Sequence[BaseLoader]) -> None:
+        self.loaders = loaders
+
+    def get_source(
+        self, environment: "Environment", template: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str], t.Optional[t.Callable[[], bool]]]:
+        for loader in self.loaders:
+            try:
+                return loader.get_source(environment, template)
+            except TemplateNotFound:
+                pass
+        raise TemplateNotFound(template)
+
+    @internalcode
+    def load(
+        self,
+        environment: "Environment",
+        name: str,
+        globals: t.Optional[t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "Template":
+        for loader in self.loaders:
+            try:
+                return loader.load(environment, name, globals)
+            except TemplateNotFound:
+                pass
+        raise TemplateNotFound(name)
+
+    def list_templates(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        found = set()
+        for loader in self.loaders:
+            found.update(loader.list_templates())
+        return sorted(found)
+
+
+class _TemplateModule(ModuleType):
+    """Like a normal module but with support for weak references"""
+
+
+class ModuleLoader(BaseLoader):
+    """This loader loads templates from precompiled templates.
+
+    Example usage:
+
+    >>> loader = ChoiceLoader([
+    ...     ModuleLoader('/path/to/compiled/templates'),
+    ...     FileSystemLoader('/path/to/templates')
+    ... ])
+
+    Templates can be precompiled with :meth:`Environment.compile_templates`.
+    """
+
+    has_source_access = False
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, path: t.Union[str, os.PathLike, t.Sequence[t.Union[str, os.PathLike]]]
+    ) -> None:
+        package_name = f"_jinja2_module_templates_{id(self):x}"
+
+        # create a fake module that looks for the templates in the
+        # path given.
+        mod = _TemplateModule(package_name)
+
+        if not isinstance(path, abc.Iterable) or isinstance(path, str):
+            path = [path]
+
+        mod.__path__ = [os.fspath(p) for p in path]  # type: ignore
+
+        sys.modules[package_name] = weakref.proxy(
+            mod, lambda x: sys.modules.pop(package_name, None)
+        )
+
+        # the only strong reference, the sys.modules entry is weak
+        # so that the garbage collector can remove it once the
+        # loader that created it goes out of business.
+        self.module = mod
+        self.package_name = package_name
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_template_key(name: str) -> str:
+        return "tmpl_" + sha1(name.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_module_filename(name: str) -> str:
+        return ModuleLoader.get_template_key(name) + ".py"
+
+    @internalcode
+    def load(
+        self,
+        environment: "Environment",
+        name: str,
+        globals: t.Optional[t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> "Template":
+        key = self.get_template_key(name)
+        module = f"{self.package_name}.{key}"
+        mod = getattr(self.module, module, None)
+
+        if mod is None:
+            try:
+                mod = __import__(module, None, None, ["root"])
+            except ImportError as e:
+                raise TemplateNotFound(name) from e
+
+            # remove the entry from sys.modules, we only want the attribute
+            # on the module object we have stored on the loader.
+            sys.modules.pop(module, None)
+
+        if globals is None:
+            globals = {}
+
+        return environment.template_class.from_module_dict(
+            environment, mod.__dict__, globals
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/meta.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/meta.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0057d6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/meta.py
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+"""Functions that expose information about templates that might be
+interesting for introspection.
+"""
+import typing as t
+
+from . import nodes
+from .compiler import CodeGenerator
+from .compiler import Frame
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .environment import Environment
+
+
+class TrackingCodeGenerator(CodeGenerator):
+    """We abuse the code generator for introspection."""
+
+    def __init__(self, environment: "Environment") -> None:
+        super().__init__(environment, "<introspection>", "<introspection>")
+        self.undeclared_identifiers: t.Set[str] = set()
+
+    def write(self, x: str) -> None:
+        """Don't write."""
+
+    def enter_frame(self, frame: Frame) -> None:
+        """Remember all undeclared identifiers."""
+        super().enter_frame(frame)
+
+        for _, (action, param) in frame.symbols.loads.items():
+            if action == "resolve" and param not in self.environment.globals:
+                self.undeclared_identifiers.add(param)
+
+
+def find_undeclared_variables(ast: nodes.Template) -> t.Set[str]:
+    """Returns a set of all variables in the AST that will be looked up from
+    the context at runtime.  Because at compile time it's not known which
+    variables will be used depending on the path the execution takes at
+    runtime, all variables are returned.
+
+    >>> from jinja2 import Environment, meta
+    >>> env = Environment()
+    >>> ast = env.parse('{% set foo = 42 %}{{ bar + foo }}')
+    >>> meta.find_undeclared_variables(ast) == {'bar'}
+    True
+
+    .. admonition:: Implementation
+
+       Internally the code generator is used for finding undeclared variables.
+       This is good to know because the code generator might raise a
+       :exc:`TemplateAssertionError` during compilation and as a matter of
+       fact this function can currently raise that exception as well.
+    """
+    codegen = TrackingCodeGenerator(ast.environment)  # type: ignore
+    codegen.visit(ast)
+    return codegen.undeclared_identifiers
+
+
+_ref_types = (nodes.Extends, nodes.FromImport, nodes.Import, nodes.Include)
+_RefType = t.Union[nodes.Extends, nodes.FromImport, nodes.Import, nodes.Include]
+
+
+def find_referenced_templates(ast: nodes.Template) -> t.Iterator[t.Optional[str]]:
+    """Finds all the referenced templates from the AST.  This will return an
+    iterator over all the hardcoded template extensions, inclusions and
+    imports.  If dynamic inheritance or inclusion is used, `None` will be
+    yielded.
+
+    >>> from jinja2 import Environment, meta
+    >>> env = Environment()
+    >>> ast = env.parse('{% extends "layout.html" %}{% include helper %}')
+    >>> list(meta.find_referenced_templates(ast))
+    ['layout.html', None]
+
+    This function is useful for dependency tracking.  For example if you want
+    to rebuild parts of the website after a layout template has changed.
+    """
+    template_name: t.Any
+
+    for node in ast.find_all(_ref_types):
+        template: nodes.Expr = node.template  # type: ignore
+
+        if not isinstance(template, nodes.Const):
+            # a tuple with some non consts in there
+            if isinstance(template, (nodes.Tuple, nodes.List)):
+                for template_name in template.items:
+                    # something const, only yield the strings and ignore
+                    # non-string consts that really just make no sense
+                    if isinstance(template_name, nodes.Const):
+                        if isinstance(template_name.value, str):
+                            yield template_name.value
+                    # something dynamic in there
+                    else:
+                        yield None
+            # something dynamic we don't know about here
+            else:
+                yield None
+            continue
+        # constant is a basestring, direct template name
+        if isinstance(template.value, str):
+            yield template.value
+        # a tuple or list (latter *should* not happen) made of consts,
+        # yield the consts that are strings.  We could warn here for
+        # non string values
+        elif isinstance(node, nodes.Include) and isinstance(
+            template.value, (tuple, list)
+        ):
+            for template_name in template.value:
+                if isinstance(template_name, str):
+                    yield template_name
+        # something else we don't care about, we could warn here
+        else:
+            yield None
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/nativetypes.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/nativetypes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88eeecc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/nativetypes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+import typing as t
+from ast import literal_eval
+from itertools import chain
+from itertools import islice
+
+from . import nodes
+from .compiler import CodeGenerator
+from .compiler import Frame
+from .compiler import has_safe_repr
+from .environment import Environment
+from .environment import Template
+
+
+def native_concat(values: t.Iterable[t.Any]) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+    """Return a native Python type from the list of compiled nodes. If
+    the result is a single node, its value is returned. Otherwise, the
+    nodes are concatenated as strings. If the result can be parsed with
+    :func:`ast.literal_eval`, the parsed value is returned. Otherwise,
+    the string is returned.
+
+    :param values: Iterable of outputs to concatenate.
+    """
+    head = list(islice(values, 2))
+
+    if not head:
+        return None
+
+    if len(head) == 1:
+        raw = head[0]
+        if not isinstance(raw, str):
+            return raw
+    else:
+        raw = "".join([str(v) for v in chain(head, values)])
+
+    try:
+        return literal_eval(raw)
+    except (ValueError, SyntaxError, MemoryError):
+        return raw
+
+
+class NativeCodeGenerator(CodeGenerator):
+    """A code generator which renders Python types by not adding
+    ``str()`` around output nodes.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _default_finalize(value: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return value
+
+    def _output_const_repr(self, group: t.Iterable[t.Any]) -> str:
+        return repr("".join([str(v) for v in group]))
+
+    def _output_child_to_const(
+        self, node: nodes.Expr, frame: Frame, finalize: CodeGenerator._FinalizeInfo
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        const = node.as_const(frame.eval_ctx)
+
+        if not has_safe_repr(const):
+            raise nodes.Impossible()
+
+        if isinstance(node, nodes.TemplateData):
+            return const
+
+        return finalize.const(const)  # type: ignore
+
+    def _output_child_pre(
+        self, node: nodes.Expr, frame: Frame, finalize: CodeGenerator._FinalizeInfo
+    ) -> None:
+        if finalize.src is not None:
+            self.write(finalize.src)
+
+    def _output_child_post(
+        self, node: nodes.Expr, frame: Frame, finalize: CodeGenerator._FinalizeInfo
+    ) -> None:
+        if finalize.src is not None:
+            self.write(")")
+
+
+class NativeEnvironment(Environment):
+    """An environment that renders templates to native Python types."""
+
+    code_generator_class = NativeCodeGenerator
+
+
+class NativeTemplate(Template):
+    environment_class = NativeEnvironment
+
+    def render(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Render the template to produce a native Python type. If the
+        result is a single node, its value is returned. Otherwise, the
+        nodes are concatenated as strings. If the result can be parsed
+        with :func:`ast.literal_eval`, the parsed value is returned.
+        Otherwise, the string is returned.
+        """
+        ctx = self.new_context(dict(*args, **kwargs))
+
+        try:
+            return native_concat(self.root_render_func(ctx))  # type: ignore
+        except Exception:
+            return self.environment.handle_exception()
+
+    async def render_async(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        if not self.environment.is_async:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "The environment was not created with async mode enabled."
+            )
+
+        ctx = self.new_context(dict(*args, **kwargs))
+
+        try:
+            return native_concat(
+                [n async for n in self.root_render_func(ctx)]  # type: ignore
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            return self.environment.handle_exception()
+
+
+NativeEnvironment.template_class = NativeTemplate
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/nodes.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/nodes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..226e729
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/nodes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1205 @@
+"""AST nodes generated by the parser for the compiler. Also provides
+some node tree helper functions used by the parser and compiler in order
+to normalize nodes.
+"""
+import inspect
+import operator
+import typing as t
+from collections import deque
+
+from markupsafe import Markup
+
+from .utils import _PassArg
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .environment import Environment
+
+_NodeBound = t.TypeVar("_NodeBound", bound="Node")
+
+_binop_to_func: t.Dict[str, t.Callable[[t.Any, t.Any], t.Any]] = {
+    "*": operator.mul,
+    "/": operator.truediv,
+    "//": operator.floordiv,
+    "**": operator.pow,
+    "%": operator.mod,
+    "+": operator.add,
+    "-": operator.sub,
+}
+
+_uaop_to_func: t.Dict[str, t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]] = {
+    "not": operator.not_,
+    "+": operator.pos,
+    "-": operator.neg,
+}
+
+_cmpop_to_func: t.Dict[str, t.Callable[[t.Any, t.Any], t.Any]] = {
+    "eq": operator.eq,
+    "ne": operator.ne,
+    "gt": operator.gt,
+    "gteq": operator.ge,
+    "lt": operator.lt,
+    "lteq": operator.le,
+    "in": lambda a, b: a in b,
+    "notin": lambda a, b: a not in b,
+}
+
+
+class Impossible(Exception):
+    """Raised if the node could not perform a requested action."""
+
+
+class NodeType(type):
+    """A metaclass for nodes that handles the field and attribute
+    inheritance.  fields and attributes from the parent class are
+    automatically forwarded to the child."""
+
+    def __new__(mcs, name, bases, d):  # type: ignore
+        for attr in "fields", "attributes":
+            storage = []
+            storage.extend(getattr(bases[0] if bases else object, attr, ()))
+            storage.extend(d.get(attr, ()))
+            assert len(bases) <= 1, "multiple inheritance not allowed"
+            assert len(storage) == len(set(storage)), "layout conflict"
+            d[attr] = tuple(storage)
+        d.setdefault("abstract", False)
+        return type.__new__(mcs, name, bases, d)
+
+
+class EvalContext:
+    """Holds evaluation time information.  Custom attributes can be attached
+    to it in extensions.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, environment: "Environment", template_name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        self.environment = environment
+        if callable(environment.autoescape):
+            self.autoescape = environment.autoescape(template_name)
+        else:
+            self.autoescape = environment.autoescape
+        self.volatile = False
+
+    def save(self) -> t.Mapping[str, t.Any]:
+        return self.__dict__.copy()
+
+    def revert(self, old: t.Mapping[str, t.Any]) -> None:
+        self.__dict__.clear()
+        self.__dict__.update(old)
+
+
+def get_eval_context(node: "Node", ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext]) -> EvalContext:
+    if ctx is None:
+        if node.environment is None:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "if no eval context is passed, the node must have an"
+                " attached environment."
+            )
+        return EvalContext(node.environment)
+    return ctx
+
+
+class Node(metaclass=NodeType):
+    """Baseclass for all Jinja nodes.  There are a number of nodes available
+    of different types.  There are four major types:
+
+    -   :class:`Stmt`: statements
+    -   :class:`Expr`: expressions
+    -   :class:`Helper`: helper nodes
+    -   :class:`Template`: the outermost wrapper node
+
+    All nodes have fields and attributes.  Fields may be other nodes, lists,
+    or arbitrary values.  Fields are passed to the constructor as regular
+    positional arguments, attributes as keyword arguments.  Each node has
+    two attributes: `lineno` (the line number of the node) and `environment`.
+    The `environment` attribute is set at the end of the parsing process for
+    all nodes automatically.
+    """
+
+    fields: t.Tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    attributes: t.Tuple[str, ...] = ("lineno", "environment")
+    abstract = True
+
+    lineno: int
+    environment: t.Optional["Environment"]
+
+    def __init__(self, *fields: t.Any, **attributes: t.Any) -> None:
+        if self.abstract:
+            raise TypeError("abstract nodes are not instantiable")
+        if fields:
+            if len(fields) != len(self.fields):
+                if not self.fields:
+                    raise TypeError(f"{type(self).__name__!r} takes 0 arguments")
+                raise TypeError(
+                    f"{type(self).__name__!r} takes 0 or {len(self.fields)}"
+                    f" argument{'s' if len(self.fields) != 1 else ''}"
+                )
+            for name, arg in zip(self.fields, fields):
+                setattr(self, name, arg)
+        for attr in self.attributes:
+            setattr(self, attr, attributes.pop(attr, None))
+        if attributes:
+            raise TypeError(f"unknown attribute {next(iter(attributes))!r}")
+
+    def iter_fields(
+        self,
+        exclude: t.Optional[t.Container[str]] = None,
+        only: t.Optional[t.Container[str]] = None,
+    ) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[str, t.Any]]:
+        """This method iterates over all fields that are defined and yields
+        ``(key, value)`` tuples.  Per default all fields are returned, but
+        it's possible to limit that to some fields by providing the `only`
+        parameter or to exclude some using the `exclude` parameter.  Both
+        should be sets or tuples of field names.
+        """
+        for name in self.fields:
+            if (
+                (exclude is None and only is None)
+                or (exclude is not None and name not in exclude)
+                or (only is not None and name in only)
+            ):
+                try:
+                    yield name, getattr(self, name)
+                except AttributeError:
+                    pass
+
+    def iter_child_nodes(
+        self,
+        exclude: t.Optional[t.Container[str]] = None,
+        only: t.Optional[t.Container[str]] = None,
+    ) -> t.Iterator["Node"]:
+        """Iterates over all direct child nodes of the node.  This iterates
+        over all fields and yields the values of they are nodes.  If the value
+        of a field is a list all the nodes in that list are returned.
+        """
+        for _, item in self.iter_fields(exclude, only):
+            if isinstance(item, list):
+                for n in item:
+                    if isinstance(n, Node):
+                        yield n
+            elif isinstance(item, Node):
+                yield item
+
+    def find(self, node_type: t.Type[_NodeBound]) -> t.Optional[_NodeBound]:
+        """Find the first node of a given type.  If no such node exists the
+        return value is `None`.
+        """
+        for result in self.find_all(node_type):
+            return result
+
+        return None
+
+    def find_all(
+        self, node_type: t.Union[t.Type[_NodeBound], t.Tuple[t.Type[_NodeBound], ...]]
+    ) -> t.Iterator[_NodeBound]:
+        """Find all the nodes of a given type.  If the type is a tuple,
+        the check is performed for any of the tuple items.
+        """
+        for child in self.iter_child_nodes():
+            if isinstance(child, node_type):
+                yield child  # type: ignore
+            yield from child.find_all(node_type)
+
+    def set_ctx(self, ctx: str) -> "Node":
+        """Reset the context of a node and all child nodes.  Per default the
+        parser will all generate nodes that have a 'load' context as it's the
+        most common one.  This method is used in the parser to set assignment
+        targets and other nodes to a store context.
+        """
+        todo = deque([self])
+        while todo:
+            node = todo.popleft()
+            if "ctx" in node.fields:
+                node.ctx = ctx  # type: ignore
+            todo.extend(node.iter_child_nodes())
+        return self
+
+    def set_lineno(self, lineno: int, override: bool = False) -> "Node":
+        """Set the line numbers of the node and children."""
+        todo = deque([self])
+        while todo:
+            node = todo.popleft()
+            if "lineno" in node.attributes:
+                if node.lineno is None or override:
+                    node.lineno = lineno
+            todo.extend(node.iter_child_nodes())
+        return self
+
+    def set_environment(self, environment: "Environment") -> "Node":
+        """Set the environment for all nodes."""
+        todo = deque([self])
+        while todo:
+            node = todo.popleft()
+            node.environment = environment
+            todo.extend(node.iter_child_nodes())
+        return self
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: t.Any) -> bool:
+        if type(self) is not type(other):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return tuple(self.iter_fields()) == tuple(other.iter_fields())
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash(tuple(self.iter_fields()))
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        args_str = ", ".join(f"{a}={getattr(self, a, None)!r}" for a in self.fields)
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}({args_str})"
+
+    def dump(self) -> str:
+        def _dump(node: t.Union[Node, t.Any]) -> None:
+            if not isinstance(node, Node):
+                buf.append(repr(node))
+                return
+
+            buf.append(f"nodes.{type(node).__name__}(")
+            if not node.fields:
+                buf.append(")")
+                return
+            for idx, field in enumerate(node.fields):
+                if idx:
+                    buf.append(", ")
+                value = getattr(node, field)
+                if isinstance(value, list):
+                    buf.append("[")
+                    for idx, item in enumerate(value):
+                        if idx:
+                            buf.append(", ")
+                        _dump(item)
+                    buf.append("]")
+                else:
+                    _dump(value)
+            buf.append(")")
+
+        buf: t.List[str] = []
+        _dump(self)
+        return "".join(buf)
+
+
+class Stmt(Node):
+    """Base node for all statements."""
+
+    abstract = True
+
+
+class Helper(Node):
+    """Nodes that exist in a specific context only."""
+
+    abstract = True
+
+
+class Template(Node):
+    """Node that represents a template.  This must be the outermost node that
+    is passed to the compiler.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("body",)
+    body: t.List[Node]
+
+
+class Output(Stmt):
+    """A node that holds multiple expressions which are then printed out.
+    This is used both for the `print` statement and the regular template data.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("nodes",)
+    nodes: t.List["Expr"]
+
+
+class Extends(Stmt):
+    """Represents an extends statement."""
+
+    fields = ("template",)
+    template: "Expr"
+
+
+class For(Stmt):
+    """The for loop.  `target` is the target for the iteration (usually a
+    :class:`Name` or :class:`Tuple`), `iter` the iterable.  `body` is a list
+    of nodes that are used as loop-body, and `else_` a list of nodes for the
+    `else` block.  If no else node exists it has to be an empty list.
+
+    For filtered nodes an expression can be stored as `test`, otherwise `None`.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("target", "iter", "body", "else_", "test", "recursive")
+    target: Node
+    iter: Node
+    body: t.List[Node]
+    else_: t.List[Node]
+    test: t.Optional[Node]
+    recursive: bool
+
+
+class If(Stmt):
+    """If `test` is true, `body` is rendered, else `else_`."""
+
+    fields = ("test", "body", "elif_", "else_")
+    test: Node
+    body: t.List[Node]
+    elif_: t.List["If"]
+    else_: t.List[Node]
+
+
+class Macro(Stmt):
+    """A macro definition.  `name` is the name of the macro, `args` a list of
+    arguments and `defaults` a list of defaults if there are any.  `body` is
+    a list of nodes for the macro body.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("name", "args", "defaults", "body")
+    name: str
+    args: t.List["Name"]
+    defaults: t.List["Expr"]
+    body: t.List[Node]
+
+
+class CallBlock(Stmt):
+    """Like a macro without a name but a call instead.  `call` is called with
+    the unnamed macro as `caller` argument this node holds.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("call", "args", "defaults", "body")
+    call: "Call"
+    args: t.List["Name"]
+    defaults: t.List["Expr"]
+    body: t.List[Node]
+
+
+class FilterBlock(Stmt):
+    """Node for filter sections."""
+
+    fields = ("body", "filter")
+    body: t.List[Node]
+    filter: "Filter"
+
+
+class With(Stmt):
+    """Specific node for with statements.  In older versions of Jinja the
+    with statement was implemented on the base of the `Scope` node instead.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.9.3
+    """
+
+    fields = ("targets", "values", "body")
+    targets: t.List["Expr"]
+    values: t.List["Expr"]
+    body: t.List[Node]
+
+
+class Block(Stmt):
+    """A node that represents a block.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0.0
+        the `required` field was added.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("name", "body", "scoped", "required")
+    name: str
+    body: t.List[Node]
+    scoped: bool
+    required: bool
+
+
+class Include(Stmt):
+    """A node that represents the include tag."""
+
+    fields = ("template", "with_context", "ignore_missing")
+    template: "Expr"
+    with_context: bool
+    ignore_missing: bool
+
+
+class Import(Stmt):
+    """A node that represents the import tag."""
+
+    fields = ("template", "target", "with_context")
+    template: "Expr"
+    target: str
+    with_context: bool
+
+
+class FromImport(Stmt):
+    """A node that represents the from import tag.  It's important to not
+    pass unsafe names to the name attribute.  The compiler translates the
+    attribute lookups directly into getattr calls and does *not* use the
+    subscript callback of the interface.  As exported variables may not
+    start with double underscores (which the parser asserts) this is not a
+    problem for regular Jinja code, but if this node is used in an extension
+    extra care must be taken.
+
+    The list of names may contain tuples if aliases are wanted.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("template", "names", "with_context")
+    template: "Expr"
+    names: t.List[t.Union[str, t.Tuple[str, str]]]
+    with_context: bool
+
+
+class ExprStmt(Stmt):
+    """A statement that evaluates an expression and discards the result."""
+
+    fields = ("node",)
+    node: Node
+
+
+class Assign(Stmt):
+    """Assigns an expression to a target."""
+
+    fields = ("target", "node")
+    target: "Expr"
+    node: Node
+
+
+class AssignBlock(Stmt):
+    """Assigns a block to a target."""
+
+    fields = ("target", "filter", "body")
+    target: "Expr"
+    filter: t.Optional["Filter"]
+    body: t.List[Node]
+
+
+class Expr(Node):
+    """Baseclass for all expressions."""
+
+    abstract = True
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        """Return the value of the expression as constant or raise
+        :exc:`Impossible` if this was not possible.
+
+        An :class:`EvalContext` can be provided, if none is given
+        a default context is created which requires the nodes to have
+        an attached environment.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.4
+           the `eval_ctx` parameter was added.
+        """
+        raise Impossible()
+
+    def can_assign(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if it's possible to assign something to this node."""
+        return False
+
+
+class BinExpr(Expr):
+    """Baseclass for all binary expressions."""
+
+    fields = ("left", "right")
+    left: Expr
+    right: Expr
+    operator: str
+    abstract = True
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+
+        # intercepted operators cannot be folded at compile time
+        if (
+            eval_ctx.environment.sandboxed
+            and self.operator in eval_ctx.environment.intercepted_binops  # type: ignore
+        ):
+            raise Impossible()
+        f = _binop_to_func[self.operator]
+        try:
+            return f(self.left.as_const(eval_ctx), self.right.as_const(eval_ctx))
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Impossible() from e
+
+
+class UnaryExpr(Expr):
+    """Baseclass for all unary expressions."""
+
+    fields = ("node",)
+    node: Expr
+    operator: str
+    abstract = True
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+
+        # intercepted operators cannot be folded at compile time
+        if (
+            eval_ctx.environment.sandboxed
+            and self.operator in eval_ctx.environment.intercepted_unops  # type: ignore
+        ):
+            raise Impossible()
+        f = _uaop_to_func[self.operator]
+        try:
+            return f(self.node.as_const(eval_ctx))
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Impossible() from e
+
+
+class Name(Expr):
+    """Looks up a name or stores a value in a name.
+    The `ctx` of the node can be one of the following values:
+
+    -   `store`: store a value in the name
+    -   `load`: load that name
+    -   `param`: like `store` but if the name was defined as function parameter.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("name", "ctx")
+    name: str
+    ctx: str
+
+    def can_assign(self) -> bool:
+        return self.name not in {"true", "false", "none", "True", "False", "None"}
+
+
+class NSRef(Expr):
+    """Reference to a namespace value assignment"""
+
+    fields = ("name", "attr")
+    name: str
+    attr: str
+
+    def can_assign(self) -> bool:
+        # We don't need any special checks here; NSRef assignments have a
+        # runtime check to ensure the target is a namespace object which will
+        # have been checked already as it is created using a normal assignment
+        # which goes through a `Name` node.
+        return True
+
+
+class Literal(Expr):
+    """Baseclass for literals."""
+
+    abstract = True
+
+
+class Const(Literal):
+    """All constant values.  The parser will return this node for simple
+    constants such as ``42`` or ``"foo"`` but it can be used to store more
+    complex values such as lists too.  Only constants with a safe
+    representation (objects where ``eval(repr(x)) == x`` is true).
+    """
+
+    fields = ("value",)
+    value: t.Any
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        return self.value
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_untrusted(
+        cls,
+        value: t.Any,
+        lineno: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        environment: "t.Optional[Environment]" = None,
+    ) -> "Const":
+        """Return a const object if the value is representable as
+        constant value in the generated code, otherwise it will raise
+        an `Impossible` exception.
+        """
+        from .compiler import has_safe_repr
+
+        if not has_safe_repr(value):
+            raise Impossible()
+        return cls(value, lineno=lineno, environment=environment)
+
+
+class TemplateData(Literal):
+    """A constant template string."""
+
+    fields = ("data",)
+    data: str
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> str:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        if eval_ctx.volatile:
+            raise Impossible()
+        if eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            return Markup(self.data)
+        return self.data
+
+
+class Tuple(Literal):
+    """For loop unpacking and some other things like multiple arguments
+    for subscripts.  Like for :class:`Name` `ctx` specifies if the tuple
+    is used for loading the names or storing.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("items", "ctx")
+    items: t.List[Expr]
+    ctx: str
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, ...]:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        return tuple(x.as_const(eval_ctx) for x in self.items)
+
+    def can_assign(self) -> bool:
+        for item in self.items:
+            if not item.can_assign():
+                return False
+        return True
+
+
+class List(Literal):
+    """Any list literal such as ``[1, 2, 3]``"""
+
+    fields = ("items",)
+    items: t.List[Expr]
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.List[t.Any]:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        return [x.as_const(eval_ctx) for x in self.items]
+
+
+class Dict(Literal):
+    """Any dict literal such as ``{1: 2, 3: 4}``.  The items must be a list of
+    :class:`Pair` nodes.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("items",)
+    items: t.List["Pair"]
+
+    def as_const(
+        self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None
+    ) -> t.Dict[t.Any, t.Any]:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        return dict(x.as_const(eval_ctx) for x in self.items)
+
+
+class Pair(Helper):
+    """A key, value pair for dicts."""
+
+    fields = ("key", "value")
+    key: Expr
+    value: Expr
+
+    def as_const(
+        self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, t.Any]:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        return self.key.as_const(eval_ctx), self.value.as_const(eval_ctx)
+
+
+class Keyword(Helper):
+    """A key, value pair for keyword arguments where key is a string."""
+
+    fields = ("key", "value")
+    key: str
+    value: Expr
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Any]:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        return self.key, self.value.as_const(eval_ctx)
+
+
+class CondExpr(Expr):
+    """A conditional expression (inline if expression).  (``{{
+    foo if bar else baz }}``)
+    """
+
+    fields = ("test", "expr1", "expr2")
+    test: Expr
+    expr1: Expr
+    expr2: t.Optional[Expr]
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        if self.test.as_const(eval_ctx):
+            return self.expr1.as_const(eval_ctx)
+
+        # if we evaluate to an undefined object, we better do that at runtime
+        if self.expr2 is None:
+            raise Impossible()
+
+        return self.expr2.as_const(eval_ctx)
+
+
+def args_as_const(
+    node: t.Union["_FilterTestCommon", "Call"], eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext]
+) -> t.Tuple[t.List[t.Any], t.Dict[t.Any, t.Any]]:
+    args = [x.as_const(eval_ctx) for x in node.args]
+    kwargs = dict(x.as_const(eval_ctx) for x in node.kwargs)
+
+    if node.dyn_args is not None:
+        try:
+            args.extend(node.dyn_args.as_const(eval_ctx))
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Impossible() from e
+
+    if node.dyn_kwargs is not None:
+        try:
+            kwargs.update(node.dyn_kwargs.as_const(eval_ctx))
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Impossible() from e
+
+    return args, kwargs
+
+
+class _FilterTestCommon(Expr):
+    fields = ("node", "name", "args", "kwargs", "dyn_args", "dyn_kwargs")
+    node: Expr
+    name: str
+    args: t.List[Expr]
+    kwargs: t.List[Pair]
+    dyn_args: t.Optional[Expr]
+    dyn_kwargs: t.Optional[Expr]
+    abstract = True
+    _is_filter = True
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+
+        if eval_ctx.volatile:
+            raise Impossible()
+
+        if self._is_filter:
+            env_map = eval_ctx.environment.filters
+        else:
+            env_map = eval_ctx.environment.tests
+
+        func = env_map.get(self.name)
+        pass_arg = _PassArg.from_obj(func)  # type: ignore
+
+        if func is None or pass_arg is _PassArg.context:
+            raise Impossible()
+
+        if eval_ctx.environment.is_async and (
+            getattr(func, "jinja_async_variant", False) is True
+            or inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func)
+        ):
+            raise Impossible()
+
+        args, kwargs = args_as_const(self, eval_ctx)
+        args.insert(0, self.node.as_const(eval_ctx))
+
+        if pass_arg is _PassArg.eval_context:
+            args.insert(0, eval_ctx)
+        elif pass_arg is _PassArg.environment:
+            args.insert(0, eval_ctx.environment)
+
+        try:
+            return func(*args, **kwargs)
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Impossible() from e
+
+
+class Filter(_FilterTestCommon):
+    """Apply a filter to an expression. ``name`` is the name of the
+    filter, the other fields are the same as :class:`Call`.
+
+    If ``node`` is ``None``, the filter is being used in a filter block
+    and is applied to the content of the block.
+    """
+
+    node: t.Optional[Expr]  # type: ignore
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        if self.node is None:
+            raise Impossible()
+
+        return super().as_const(eval_ctx=eval_ctx)
+
+
+class Test(_FilterTestCommon):
+    """Apply a test to an expression. ``name`` is the name of the test,
+    the other field are the same as :class:`Call`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        ``as_const`` shares the same logic for filters and tests. Tests
+        check for volatile, async, and ``@pass_context`` etc.
+        decorators.
+    """
+
+    _is_filter = False
+
+
+class Call(Expr):
+    """Calls an expression.  `args` is a list of arguments, `kwargs` a list
+    of keyword arguments (list of :class:`Keyword` nodes), and `dyn_args`
+    and `dyn_kwargs` has to be either `None` or a node that is used as
+    node for dynamic positional (``*args``) or keyword (``**kwargs``)
+    arguments.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("node", "args", "kwargs", "dyn_args", "dyn_kwargs")
+    node: Expr
+    args: t.List[Expr]
+    kwargs: t.List[Keyword]
+    dyn_args: t.Optional[Expr]
+    dyn_kwargs: t.Optional[Expr]
+
+
+class Getitem(Expr):
+    """Get an attribute or item from an expression and prefer the item."""
+
+    fields = ("node", "arg", "ctx")
+    node: Expr
+    arg: Expr
+    ctx: str
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        if self.ctx != "load":
+            raise Impossible()
+
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+
+        try:
+            return eval_ctx.environment.getitem(
+                self.node.as_const(eval_ctx), self.arg.as_const(eval_ctx)
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Impossible() from e
+
+
+class Getattr(Expr):
+    """Get an attribute or item from an expression that is a ascii-only
+    bytestring and prefer the attribute.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("node", "attr", "ctx")
+    node: Expr
+    attr: str
+    ctx: str
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        if self.ctx != "load":
+            raise Impossible()
+
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+
+        try:
+            return eval_ctx.environment.getattr(self.node.as_const(eval_ctx), self.attr)
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Impossible() from e
+
+
+class Slice(Expr):
+    """Represents a slice object.  This must only be used as argument for
+    :class:`Subscript`.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("start", "stop", "step")
+    start: t.Optional[Expr]
+    stop: t.Optional[Expr]
+    step: t.Optional[Expr]
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> slice:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+
+        def const(obj: t.Optional[Expr]) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+            if obj is None:
+                return None
+            return obj.as_const(eval_ctx)
+
+        return slice(const(self.start), const(self.stop), const(self.step))
+
+
+class Concat(Expr):
+    """Concatenates the list of expressions provided after converting
+    them to strings.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("nodes",)
+    nodes: t.List[Expr]
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> str:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        return "".join(str(x.as_const(eval_ctx)) for x in self.nodes)
+
+
+class Compare(Expr):
+    """Compares an expression with some other expressions.  `ops` must be a
+    list of :class:`Operand`\\s.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("expr", "ops")
+    expr: Expr
+    ops: t.List["Operand"]
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        result = value = self.expr.as_const(eval_ctx)
+
+        try:
+            for op in self.ops:
+                new_value = op.expr.as_const(eval_ctx)
+                result = _cmpop_to_func[op.op](value, new_value)
+
+                if not result:
+                    return False
+
+                value = new_value
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise Impossible() from e
+
+        return result
+
+
+class Operand(Helper):
+    """Holds an operator and an expression."""
+
+    fields = ("op", "expr")
+    op: str
+    expr: Expr
+
+
+class Mul(BinExpr):
+    """Multiplies the left with the right node."""
+
+    operator = "*"
+
+
+class Div(BinExpr):
+    """Divides the left by the right node."""
+
+    operator = "/"
+
+
+class FloorDiv(BinExpr):
+    """Divides the left by the right node and truncates conver the
+    result into an integer by truncating.
+    """
+
+    operator = "//"
+
+
+class Add(BinExpr):
+    """Add the left to the right node."""
+
+    operator = "+"
+
+
+class Sub(BinExpr):
+    """Subtract the right from the left node."""
+
+    operator = "-"
+
+
+class Mod(BinExpr):
+    """Left modulo right."""
+
+    operator = "%"
+
+
+class Pow(BinExpr):
+    """Left to the power of right."""
+
+    operator = "**"
+
+
+class And(BinExpr):
+    """Short circuited AND."""
+
+    operator = "and"
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        return self.left.as_const(eval_ctx) and self.right.as_const(eval_ctx)
+
+
+class Or(BinExpr):
+    """Short circuited OR."""
+
+    operator = "or"
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> t.Any:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        return self.left.as_const(eval_ctx) or self.right.as_const(eval_ctx)
+
+
+class Not(UnaryExpr):
+    """Negate the expression."""
+
+    operator = "not"
+
+
+class Neg(UnaryExpr):
+    """Make the expression negative."""
+
+    operator = "-"
+
+
+class Pos(UnaryExpr):
+    """Make the expression positive (noop for most expressions)"""
+
+    operator = "+"
+
+
+# Helpers for extensions
+
+
+class EnvironmentAttribute(Expr):
+    """Loads an attribute from the environment object.  This is useful for
+    extensions that want to call a callback stored on the environment.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("name",)
+    name: str
+
+
+class ExtensionAttribute(Expr):
+    """Returns the attribute of an extension bound to the environment.
+    The identifier is the identifier of the :class:`Extension`.
+
+    This node is usually constructed by calling the
+    :meth:`~jinja2.ext.Extension.attr` method on an extension.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("identifier", "name")
+    identifier: str
+    name: str
+
+
+class ImportedName(Expr):
+    """If created with an import name the import name is returned on node
+    access.  For example ``ImportedName('cgi.escape')`` returns the `escape`
+    function from the cgi module on evaluation.  Imports are optimized by the
+    compiler so there is no need to assign them to local variables.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("importname",)
+    importname: str
+
+
+class InternalName(Expr):
+    """An internal name in the compiler.  You cannot create these nodes
+    yourself but the parser provides a
+    :meth:`~jinja2.parser.Parser.free_identifier` method that creates
+    a new identifier for you.  This identifier is not available from the
+    template and is not treated specially by the compiler.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("name",)
+    name: str
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "Can't create internal names.  Use the "
+            "`free_identifier` method on a parser."
+        )
+
+
+class MarkSafe(Expr):
+    """Mark the wrapped expression as safe (wrap it as `Markup`)."""
+
+    fields = ("expr",)
+    expr: Expr
+
+    def as_const(self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None) -> Markup:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        return Markup(self.expr.as_const(eval_ctx))
+
+
+class MarkSafeIfAutoescape(Expr):
+    """Mark the wrapped expression as safe (wrap it as `Markup`) but
+    only if autoescaping is active.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.5
+    """
+
+    fields = ("expr",)
+    expr: Expr
+
+    def as_const(
+        self, eval_ctx: t.Optional[EvalContext] = None
+    ) -> t.Union[Markup, t.Any]:
+        eval_ctx = get_eval_context(self, eval_ctx)
+        if eval_ctx.volatile:
+            raise Impossible()
+        expr = self.expr.as_const(eval_ctx)
+        if eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            return Markup(expr)
+        return expr
+
+
+class ContextReference(Expr):
+    """Returns the current template context.  It can be used like a
+    :class:`Name` node, with a ``'load'`` ctx and will return the
+    current :class:`~jinja2.runtime.Context` object.
+
+    Here an example that assigns the current template name to a
+    variable named `foo`::
+
+        Assign(Name('foo', ctx='store'),
+               Getattr(ContextReference(), 'name'))
+
+    This is basically equivalent to using the
+    :func:`~jinja2.pass_context` decorator when using the high-level
+    API, which causes a reference to the context to be passed as the
+    first argument to a function.
+    """
+
+
+class DerivedContextReference(Expr):
+    """Return the current template context including locals. Behaves
+    exactly like :class:`ContextReference`, but includes local
+    variables, such as from a ``for`` loop.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.11
+    """
+
+
+class Continue(Stmt):
+    """Continue a loop."""
+
+
+class Break(Stmt):
+    """Break a loop."""
+
+
+class Scope(Stmt):
+    """An artificial scope."""
+
+    fields = ("body",)
+    body: t.List[Node]
+
+
+class OverlayScope(Stmt):
+    """An overlay scope for extensions.  This is a largely unoptimized scope
+    that however can be used to introduce completely arbitrary variables into
+    a sub scope from a dictionary or dictionary like object.  The `context`
+    field has to evaluate to a dictionary object.
+
+    Example usage::
+
+        OverlayScope(context=self.call_method('get_context'),
+                     body=[...])
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.10
+    """
+
+    fields = ("context", "body")
+    context: Expr
+    body: t.List[Node]
+
+
+class EvalContextModifier(Stmt):
+    """Modifies the eval context.  For each option that should be modified,
+    a :class:`Keyword` has to be added to the :attr:`options` list.
+
+    Example to change the `autoescape` setting::
+
+        EvalContextModifier(options=[Keyword('autoescape', Const(True))])
+    """
+
+    fields = ("options",)
+    options: t.List[Keyword]
+
+
+class ScopedEvalContextModifier(EvalContextModifier):
+    """Modifies the eval context and reverts it later.  Works exactly like
+    :class:`EvalContextModifier` but will only modify the
+    :class:`~jinja2.nodes.EvalContext` for nodes in the :attr:`body`.
+    """
+
+    fields = ("body",)
+    body: t.List[Node]
+
+
+# make sure nobody creates custom nodes
+def _failing_new(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "te.NoReturn":
+    raise TypeError("can't create custom node types")
+
+
+NodeType.__new__ = staticmethod(_failing_new)  # type: ignore
+del _failing_new
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/optimizer.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/optimizer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe10107
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/optimizer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+"""The optimizer tries to constant fold expressions and modify the AST
+in place so that it should be faster to evaluate.
+
+Because the AST does not contain all the scoping information and the
+compiler has to find that out, we cannot do all the optimizations we
+want. For example, loop unrolling doesn't work because unrolled loops
+would have a different scope. The solution would be a second syntax tree
+that stored the scoping rules.
+"""
+import typing as t
+
+from . import nodes
+from .visitor import NodeTransformer
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .environment import Environment
+
+
+def optimize(node: nodes.Node, environment: "Environment") -> nodes.Node:
+    """The context hint can be used to perform an static optimization
+    based on the context given."""
+    optimizer = Optimizer(environment)
+    return t.cast(nodes.Node, optimizer.visit(node))
+
+
+class Optimizer(NodeTransformer):
+    def __init__(self, environment: "t.Optional[Environment]") -> None:
+        self.environment = environment
+
+    def generic_visit(
+        self, node: nodes.Node, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> nodes.Node:
+        node = super().generic_visit(node, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        # Do constant folding. Some other nodes besides Expr have
+        # as_const, but folding them causes errors later on.
+        if isinstance(node, nodes.Expr):
+            try:
+                return nodes.Const.from_untrusted(
+                    node.as_const(args[0] if args else None),
+                    lineno=node.lineno,
+                    environment=self.environment,
+                )
+            except nodes.Impossible:
+                pass
+
+        return node
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/parser.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ad73fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1040 @@
+"""Parse tokens from the lexer into nodes for the compiler."""
+import typing
+import typing as t
+
+from . import nodes
+from .exceptions import TemplateAssertionError
+from .exceptions import TemplateSyntaxError
+from .lexer import describe_token
+from .lexer import describe_token_expr
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .environment import Environment
+
+_ImportInclude = t.TypeVar("_ImportInclude", nodes.Import, nodes.Include)
+_MacroCall = t.TypeVar("_MacroCall", nodes.Macro, nodes.CallBlock)
+
+_statement_keywords = frozenset(
+    [
+        "for",
+        "if",
+        "block",
+        "extends",
+        "print",
+        "macro",
+        "include",
+        "from",
+        "import",
+        "set",
+        "with",
+        "autoescape",
+    ]
+)
+_compare_operators = frozenset(["eq", "ne", "lt", "lteq", "gt", "gteq"])
+
+_math_nodes: t.Dict[str, t.Type[nodes.Expr]] = {
+    "add": nodes.Add,
+    "sub": nodes.Sub,
+    "mul": nodes.Mul,
+    "div": nodes.Div,
+    "floordiv": nodes.FloorDiv,
+    "mod": nodes.Mod,
+}
+
+
+class Parser:
+    """This is the central parsing class Jinja uses.  It's passed to
+    extensions and can be used to parse expressions or statements.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        environment: "Environment",
+        source: str,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        state: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.environment = environment
+        self.stream = environment._tokenize(source, name, filename, state)
+        self.name = name
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.closed = False
+        self.extensions: t.Dict[
+            str, t.Callable[["Parser"], t.Union[nodes.Node, t.List[nodes.Node]]]
+        ] = {}
+        for extension in environment.iter_extensions():
+            for tag in extension.tags:
+                self.extensions[tag] = extension.parse
+        self._last_identifier = 0
+        self._tag_stack: t.List[str] = []
+        self._end_token_stack: t.List[t.Tuple[str, ...]] = []
+
+    def fail(
+        self,
+        msg: str,
+        lineno: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        exc: t.Type[TemplateSyntaxError] = TemplateSyntaxError,
+    ) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        """Convenience method that raises `exc` with the message, passed
+        line number or last line number as well as the current name and
+        filename.
+        """
+        if lineno is None:
+            lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        raise exc(msg, lineno, self.name, self.filename)
+
+    def _fail_ut_eof(
+        self,
+        name: t.Optional[str],
+        end_token_stack: t.List[t.Tuple[str, ...]],
+        lineno: t.Optional[int],
+    ) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        expected: t.Set[str] = set()
+        for exprs in end_token_stack:
+            expected.update(map(describe_token_expr, exprs))
+        if end_token_stack:
+            currently_looking: t.Optional[str] = " or ".join(
+                map(repr, map(describe_token_expr, end_token_stack[-1]))
+            )
+        else:
+            currently_looking = None
+
+        if name is None:
+            message = ["Unexpected end of template."]
+        else:
+            message = [f"Encountered unknown tag {name!r}."]
+
+        if currently_looking:
+            if name is not None and name in expected:
+                message.append(
+                    "You probably made a nesting mistake. Jinja is expecting this tag,"
+                    f" but currently looking for {currently_looking}."
+                )
+            else:
+                message.append(
+                    f"Jinja was looking for the following tags: {currently_looking}."
+                )
+
+        if self._tag_stack:
+            message.append(
+                "The innermost block that needs to be closed is"
+                f" {self._tag_stack[-1]!r}."
+            )
+
+        self.fail(" ".join(message), lineno)
+
+    def fail_unknown_tag(
+        self, name: str, lineno: t.Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        """Called if the parser encounters an unknown tag.  Tries to fail
+        with a human readable error message that could help to identify
+        the problem.
+        """
+        self._fail_ut_eof(name, self._end_token_stack, lineno)
+
+    def fail_eof(
+        self,
+        end_tokens: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, ...]] = None,
+        lineno: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        """Like fail_unknown_tag but for end of template situations."""
+        stack = list(self._end_token_stack)
+        if end_tokens is not None:
+            stack.append(end_tokens)
+        self._fail_ut_eof(None, stack, lineno)
+
+    def is_tuple_end(
+        self, extra_end_rules: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, ...]] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Are we at the end of a tuple?"""
+        if self.stream.current.type in ("variable_end", "block_end", "rparen"):
+            return True
+        elif extra_end_rules is not None:
+            return self.stream.current.test_any(extra_end_rules)  # type: ignore
+        return False
+
+    def free_identifier(self, lineno: t.Optional[int] = None) -> nodes.InternalName:
+        """Return a new free identifier as :class:`~jinja2.nodes.InternalName`."""
+        self._last_identifier += 1
+        rv = object.__new__(nodes.InternalName)
+        nodes.Node.__init__(rv, f"fi{self._last_identifier}", lineno=lineno)
+        return rv  # type: ignore
+
+    def parse_statement(self) -> t.Union[nodes.Node, t.List[nodes.Node]]:
+        """Parse a single statement."""
+        token = self.stream.current
+        if token.type != "name":
+            self.fail("tag name expected", token.lineno)
+        self._tag_stack.append(token.value)
+        pop_tag = True
+        try:
+            if token.value in _statement_keywords:
+                f = getattr(self, f"parse_{self.stream.current.value}")
+                return f()  # type: ignore
+            if token.value == "call":
+                return self.parse_call_block()
+            if token.value == "filter":
+                return self.parse_filter_block()
+            ext = self.extensions.get(token.value)
+            if ext is not None:
+                return ext(self)
+
+            # did not work out, remove the token we pushed by accident
+            # from the stack so that the unknown tag fail function can
+            # produce a proper error message.
+            self._tag_stack.pop()
+            pop_tag = False
+            self.fail_unknown_tag(token.value, token.lineno)
+        finally:
+            if pop_tag:
+                self._tag_stack.pop()
+
+    def parse_statements(
+        self, end_tokens: t.Tuple[str, ...], drop_needle: bool = False
+    ) -> t.List[nodes.Node]:
+        """Parse multiple statements into a list until one of the end tokens
+        is reached.  This is used to parse the body of statements as it also
+        parses template data if appropriate.  The parser checks first if the
+        current token is a colon and skips it if there is one.  Then it checks
+        for the block end and parses until if one of the `end_tokens` is
+        reached.  Per default the active token in the stream at the end of
+        the call is the matched end token.  If this is not wanted `drop_needle`
+        can be set to `True` and the end token is removed.
+        """
+        # the first token may be a colon for python compatibility
+        self.stream.skip_if("colon")
+
+        # in the future it would be possible to add whole code sections
+        # by adding some sort of end of statement token and parsing those here.
+        self.stream.expect("block_end")
+        result = self.subparse(end_tokens)
+
+        # we reached the end of the template too early, the subparser
+        # does not check for this, so we do that now
+        if self.stream.current.type == "eof":
+            self.fail_eof(end_tokens)
+
+        if drop_needle:
+            next(self.stream)
+        return result
+
+    def parse_set(self) -> t.Union[nodes.Assign, nodes.AssignBlock]:
+        """Parse an assign statement."""
+        lineno = next(self.stream).lineno
+        target = self.parse_assign_target(with_namespace=True)
+        if self.stream.skip_if("assign"):
+            expr = self.parse_tuple()
+            return nodes.Assign(target, expr, lineno=lineno)
+        filter_node = self.parse_filter(None)
+        body = self.parse_statements(("name:endset",), drop_needle=True)
+        return nodes.AssignBlock(target, filter_node, body, lineno=lineno)
+
+    def parse_for(self) -> nodes.For:
+        """Parse a for loop."""
+        lineno = self.stream.expect("name:for").lineno
+        target = self.parse_assign_target(extra_end_rules=("name:in",))
+        self.stream.expect("name:in")
+        iter = self.parse_tuple(
+            with_condexpr=False, extra_end_rules=("name:recursive",)
+        )
+        test = None
+        if self.stream.skip_if("name:if"):
+            test = self.parse_expression()
+        recursive = self.stream.skip_if("name:recursive")
+        body = self.parse_statements(("name:endfor", "name:else"))
+        if next(self.stream).value == "endfor":
+            else_ = []
+        else:
+            else_ = self.parse_statements(("name:endfor",), drop_needle=True)
+        return nodes.For(target, iter, body, else_, test, recursive, lineno=lineno)
+
+    def parse_if(self) -> nodes.If:
+        """Parse an if construct."""
+        node = result = nodes.If(lineno=self.stream.expect("name:if").lineno)
+        while True:
+            node.test = self.parse_tuple(with_condexpr=False)
+            node.body = self.parse_statements(("name:elif", "name:else", "name:endif"))
+            node.elif_ = []
+            node.else_ = []
+            token = next(self.stream)
+            if token.test("name:elif"):
+                node = nodes.If(lineno=self.stream.current.lineno)
+                result.elif_.append(node)
+                continue
+            elif token.test("name:else"):
+                result.else_ = self.parse_statements(("name:endif",), drop_needle=True)
+            break
+        return result
+
+    def parse_with(self) -> nodes.With:
+        node = nodes.With(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        targets: t.List[nodes.Expr] = []
+        values: t.List[nodes.Expr] = []
+        while self.stream.current.type != "block_end":
+            if targets:
+                self.stream.expect("comma")
+            target = self.parse_assign_target()
+            target.set_ctx("param")
+            targets.append(target)
+            self.stream.expect("assign")
+            values.append(self.parse_expression())
+        node.targets = targets
+        node.values = values
+        node.body = self.parse_statements(("name:endwith",), drop_needle=True)
+        return node
+
+    def parse_autoescape(self) -> nodes.Scope:
+        node = nodes.ScopedEvalContextModifier(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        node.options = [nodes.Keyword("autoescape", self.parse_expression())]
+        node.body = self.parse_statements(("name:endautoescape",), drop_needle=True)
+        return nodes.Scope([node])
+
+    def parse_block(self) -> nodes.Block:
+        node = nodes.Block(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        node.name = self.stream.expect("name").value
+        node.scoped = self.stream.skip_if("name:scoped")
+        node.required = self.stream.skip_if("name:required")
+
+        # common problem people encounter when switching from django
+        # to jinja.  we do not support hyphens in block names, so let's
+        # raise a nicer error message in that case.
+        if self.stream.current.type == "sub":
+            self.fail(
+                "Block names in Jinja have to be valid Python identifiers and may not"
+                " contain hyphens, use an underscore instead."
+            )
+
+        node.body = self.parse_statements(("name:endblock",), drop_needle=True)
+
+        # enforce that required blocks only contain whitespace or comments
+        # by asserting that the body, if not empty, is just TemplateData nodes
+        # with whitespace data
+        if node.required and not all(
+            isinstance(child, nodes.TemplateData) and child.data.isspace()
+            for body in node.body
+            for child in body.nodes  # type: ignore
+        ):
+            self.fail("Required blocks can only contain comments or whitespace")
+
+        self.stream.skip_if("name:" + node.name)
+        return node
+
+    def parse_extends(self) -> nodes.Extends:
+        node = nodes.Extends(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        node.template = self.parse_expression()
+        return node
+
+    def parse_import_context(
+        self, node: _ImportInclude, default: bool
+    ) -> _ImportInclude:
+        if self.stream.current.test_any(
+            "name:with", "name:without"
+        ) and self.stream.look().test("name:context"):
+            node.with_context = next(self.stream).value == "with"
+            self.stream.skip()
+        else:
+            node.with_context = default
+        return node
+
+    def parse_include(self) -> nodes.Include:
+        node = nodes.Include(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        node.template = self.parse_expression()
+        if self.stream.current.test("name:ignore") and self.stream.look().test(
+            "name:missing"
+        ):
+            node.ignore_missing = True
+            self.stream.skip(2)
+        else:
+            node.ignore_missing = False
+        return self.parse_import_context(node, True)
+
+    def parse_import(self) -> nodes.Import:
+        node = nodes.Import(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        node.template = self.parse_expression()
+        self.stream.expect("name:as")
+        node.target = self.parse_assign_target(name_only=True).name
+        return self.parse_import_context(node, False)
+
+    def parse_from(self) -> nodes.FromImport:
+        node = nodes.FromImport(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        node.template = self.parse_expression()
+        self.stream.expect("name:import")
+        node.names = []
+
+        def parse_context() -> bool:
+            if (
+                self.stream.current.value
+                in {
+                    "with",
+                    "without",
+                }
+                and self.stream.look().test("name:context")
+            ):
+                node.with_context = next(self.stream).value == "with"
+                self.stream.skip()
+                return True
+            return False
+
+        while True:
+            if node.names:
+                self.stream.expect("comma")
+            if self.stream.current.type == "name":
+                if parse_context():
+                    break
+                target = self.parse_assign_target(name_only=True)
+                if target.name.startswith("_"):
+                    self.fail(
+                        "names starting with an underline can not be imported",
+                        target.lineno,
+                        exc=TemplateAssertionError,
+                    )
+                if self.stream.skip_if("name:as"):
+                    alias = self.parse_assign_target(name_only=True)
+                    node.names.append((target.name, alias.name))
+                else:
+                    node.names.append(target.name)
+                if parse_context() or self.stream.current.type != "comma":
+                    break
+            else:
+                self.stream.expect("name")
+        if not hasattr(node, "with_context"):
+            node.with_context = False
+        return node
+
+    def parse_signature(self, node: _MacroCall) -> None:
+        args = node.args = []
+        defaults = node.defaults = []
+        self.stream.expect("lparen")
+        while self.stream.current.type != "rparen":
+            if args:
+                self.stream.expect("comma")
+            arg = self.parse_assign_target(name_only=True)
+            arg.set_ctx("param")
+            if self.stream.skip_if("assign"):
+                defaults.append(self.parse_expression())
+            elif defaults:
+                self.fail("non-default argument follows default argument")
+            args.append(arg)
+        self.stream.expect("rparen")
+
+    def parse_call_block(self) -> nodes.CallBlock:
+        node = nodes.CallBlock(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        if self.stream.current.type == "lparen":
+            self.parse_signature(node)
+        else:
+            node.args = []
+            node.defaults = []
+
+        call_node = self.parse_expression()
+        if not isinstance(call_node, nodes.Call):
+            self.fail("expected call", node.lineno)
+        node.call = call_node
+        node.body = self.parse_statements(("name:endcall",), drop_needle=True)
+        return node
+
+    def parse_filter_block(self) -> nodes.FilterBlock:
+        node = nodes.FilterBlock(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        node.filter = self.parse_filter(None, start_inline=True)  # type: ignore
+        node.body = self.parse_statements(("name:endfilter",), drop_needle=True)
+        return node
+
+    def parse_macro(self) -> nodes.Macro:
+        node = nodes.Macro(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        node.name = self.parse_assign_target(name_only=True).name
+        self.parse_signature(node)
+        node.body = self.parse_statements(("name:endmacro",), drop_needle=True)
+        return node
+
+    def parse_print(self) -> nodes.Output:
+        node = nodes.Output(lineno=next(self.stream).lineno)
+        node.nodes = []
+        while self.stream.current.type != "block_end":
+            if node.nodes:
+                self.stream.expect("comma")
+            node.nodes.append(self.parse_expression())
+        return node
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def parse_assign_target(
+        self, with_tuple: bool = ..., name_only: "te.Literal[True]" = ...
+    ) -> nodes.Name:
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def parse_assign_target(
+        self,
+        with_tuple: bool = True,
+        name_only: bool = False,
+        extra_end_rules: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, ...]] = None,
+        with_namespace: bool = False,
+    ) -> t.Union[nodes.NSRef, nodes.Name, nodes.Tuple]:
+        ...
+
+    def parse_assign_target(
+        self,
+        with_tuple: bool = True,
+        name_only: bool = False,
+        extra_end_rules: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, ...]] = None,
+        with_namespace: bool = False,
+    ) -> t.Union[nodes.NSRef, nodes.Name, nodes.Tuple]:
+        """Parse an assignment target.  As Jinja allows assignments to
+        tuples, this function can parse all allowed assignment targets.  Per
+        default assignments to tuples are parsed, that can be disable however
+        by setting `with_tuple` to `False`.  If only assignments to names are
+        wanted `name_only` can be set to `True`.  The `extra_end_rules`
+        parameter is forwarded to the tuple parsing function.  If
+        `with_namespace` is enabled, a namespace assignment may be parsed.
+        """
+        target: nodes.Expr
+
+        if with_namespace and self.stream.look().type == "dot":
+            token = self.stream.expect("name")
+            next(self.stream)  # dot
+            attr = self.stream.expect("name")
+            target = nodes.NSRef(token.value, attr.value, lineno=token.lineno)
+        elif name_only:
+            token = self.stream.expect("name")
+            target = nodes.Name(token.value, "store", lineno=token.lineno)
+        else:
+            if with_tuple:
+                target = self.parse_tuple(
+                    simplified=True, extra_end_rules=extra_end_rules
+                )
+            else:
+                target = self.parse_primary()
+
+            target.set_ctx("store")
+
+        if not target.can_assign():
+            self.fail(
+                f"can't assign to {type(target).__name__.lower()!r}", target.lineno
+            )
+
+        return target  # type: ignore
+
+    def parse_expression(self, with_condexpr: bool = True) -> nodes.Expr:
+        """Parse an expression.  Per default all expressions are parsed, if
+        the optional `with_condexpr` parameter is set to `False` conditional
+        expressions are not parsed.
+        """
+        if with_condexpr:
+            return self.parse_condexpr()
+        return self.parse_or()
+
+    def parse_condexpr(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        expr1 = self.parse_or()
+        expr3: t.Optional[nodes.Expr]
+
+        while self.stream.skip_if("name:if"):
+            expr2 = self.parse_or()
+            if self.stream.skip_if("name:else"):
+                expr3 = self.parse_condexpr()
+            else:
+                expr3 = None
+            expr1 = nodes.CondExpr(expr2, expr1, expr3, lineno=lineno)
+            lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        return expr1
+
+    def parse_or(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        left = self.parse_and()
+        while self.stream.skip_if("name:or"):
+            right = self.parse_and()
+            left = nodes.Or(left, right, lineno=lineno)
+            lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        return left
+
+    def parse_and(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        left = self.parse_not()
+        while self.stream.skip_if("name:and"):
+            right = self.parse_not()
+            left = nodes.And(left, right, lineno=lineno)
+            lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        return left
+
+    def parse_not(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        if self.stream.current.test("name:not"):
+            lineno = next(self.stream).lineno
+            return nodes.Not(self.parse_not(), lineno=lineno)
+        return self.parse_compare()
+
+    def parse_compare(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        expr = self.parse_math1()
+        ops = []
+        while True:
+            token_type = self.stream.current.type
+            if token_type in _compare_operators:
+                next(self.stream)
+                ops.append(nodes.Operand(token_type, self.parse_math1()))
+            elif self.stream.skip_if("name:in"):
+                ops.append(nodes.Operand("in", self.parse_math1()))
+            elif self.stream.current.test("name:not") and self.stream.look().test(
+                "name:in"
+            ):
+                self.stream.skip(2)
+                ops.append(nodes.Operand("notin", self.parse_math1()))
+            else:
+                break
+            lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        if not ops:
+            return expr
+        return nodes.Compare(expr, ops, lineno=lineno)
+
+    def parse_math1(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        left = self.parse_concat()
+        while self.stream.current.type in ("add", "sub"):
+            cls = _math_nodes[self.stream.current.type]
+            next(self.stream)
+            right = self.parse_concat()
+            left = cls(left, right, lineno=lineno)
+            lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        return left
+
+    def parse_concat(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        args = [self.parse_math2()]
+        while self.stream.current.type == "tilde":
+            next(self.stream)
+            args.append(self.parse_math2())
+        if len(args) == 1:
+            return args[0]
+        return nodes.Concat(args, lineno=lineno)
+
+    def parse_math2(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        left = self.parse_pow()
+        while self.stream.current.type in ("mul", "div", "floordiv", "mod"):
+            cls = _math_nodes[self.stream.current.type]
+            next(self.stream)
+            right = self.parse_pow()
+            left = cls(left, right, lineno=lineno)
+            lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        return left
+
+    def parse_pow(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        left = self.parse_unary()
+        while self.stream.current.type == "pow":
+            next(self.stream)
+            right = self.parse_unary()
+            left = nodes.Pow(left, right, lineno=lineno)
+            lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        return left
+
+    def parse_unary(self, with_filter: bool = True) -> nodes.Expr:
+        token_type = self.stream.current.type
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        node: nodes.Expr
+
+        if token_type == "sub":
+            next(self.stream)
+            node = nodes.Neg(self.parse_unary(False), lineno=lineno)
+        elif token_type == "add":
+            next(self.stream)
+            node = nodes.Pos(self.parse_unary(False), lineno=lineno)
+        else:
+            node = self.parse_primary()
+        node = self.parse_postfix(node)
+        if with_filter:
+            node = self.parse_filter_expr(node)
+        return node
+
+    def parse_primary(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        token = self.stream.current
+        node: nodes.Expr
+        if token.type == "name":
+            if token.value in ("true", "false", "True", "False"):
+                node = nodes.Const(token.value in ("true", "True"), lineno=token.lineno)
+            elif token.value in ("none", "None"):
+                node = nodes.Const(None, lineno=token.lineno)
+            else:
+                node = nodes.Name(token.value, "load", lineno=token.lineno)
+            next(self.stream)
+        elif token.type == "string":
+            next(self.stream)
+            buf = [token.value]
+            lineno = token.lineno
+            while self.stream.current.type == "string":
+                buf.append(self.stream.current.value)
+                next(self.stream)
+            node = nodes.Const("".join(buf), lineno=lineno)
+        elif token.type in ("integer", "float"):
+            next(self.stream)
+            node = nodes.Const(token.value, lineno=token.lineno)
+        elif token.type == "lparen":
+            next(self.stream)
+            node = self.parse_tuple(explicit_parentheses=True)
+            self.stream.expect("rparen")
+        elif token.type == "lbracket":
+            node = self.parse_list()
+        elif token.type == "lbrace":
+            node = self.parse_dict()
+        else:
+            self.fail(f"unexpected {describe_token(token)!r}", token.lineno)
+        return node
+
+    def parse_tuple(
+        self,
+        simplified: bool = False,
+        with_condexpr: bool = True,
+        extra_end_rules: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, ...]] = None,
+        explicit_parentheses: bool = False,
+    ) -> t.Union[nodes.Tuple, nodes.Expr]:
+        """Works like `parse_expression` but if multiple expressions are
+        delimited by a comma a :class:`~jinja2.nodes.Tuple` node is created.
+        This method could also return a regular expression instead of a tuple
+        if no commas where found.
+
+        The default parsing mode is a full tuple.  If `simplified` is `True`
+        only names and literals are parsed.  The `no_condexpr` parameter is
+        forwarded to :meth:`parse_expression`.
+
+        Because tuples do not require delimiters and may end in a bogus comma
+        an extra hint is needed that marks the end of a tuple.  For example
+        for loops support tuples between `for` and `in`.  In that case the
+        `extra_end_rules` is set to ``['name:in']``.
+
+        `explicit_parentheses` is true if the parsing was triggered by an
+        expression in parentheses.  This is used to figure out if an empty
+        tuple is a valid expression or not.
+        """
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        if simplified:
+            parse = self.parse_primary
+        elif with_condexpr:
+            parse = self.parse_expression
+        else:
+
+            def parse() -> nodes.Expr:
+                return self.parse_expression(with_condexpr=False)
+
+        args: t.List[nodes.Expr] = []
+        is_tuple = False
+
+        while True:
+            if args:
+                self.stream.expect("comma")
+            if self.is_tuple_end(extra_end_rules):
+                break
+            args.append(parse())
+            if self.stream.current.type == "comma":
+                is_tuple = True
+            else:
+                break
+            lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+
+        if not is_tuple:
+            if args:
+                return args[0]
+
+            # if we don't have explicit parentheses, an empty tuple is
+            # not a valid expression.  This would mean nothing (literally
+            # nothing) in the spot of an expression would be an empty
+            # tuple.
+            if not explicit_parentheses:
+                self.fail(
+                    "Expected an expression,"
+                    f" got {describe_token(self.stream.current)!r}"
+                )
+
+        return nodes.Tuple(args, "load", lineno=lineno)
+
+    def parse_list(self) -> nodes.List:
+        token = self.stream.expect("lbracket")
+        items: t.List[nodes.Expr] = []
+        while self.stream.current.type != "rbracket":
+            if items:
+                self.stream.expect("comma")
+            if self.stream.current.type == "rbracket":
+                break
+            items.append(self.parse_expression())
+        self.stream.expect("rbracket")
+        return nodes.List(items, lineno=token.lineno)
+
+    def parse_dict(self) -> nodes.Dict:
+        token = self.stream.expect("lbrace")
+        items: t.List[nodes.Pair] = []
+        while self.stream.current.type != "rbrace":
+            if items:
+                self.stream.expect("comma")
+            if self.stream.current.type == "rbrace":
+                break
+            key = self.parse_expression()
+            self.stream.expect("colon")
+            value = self.parse_expression()
+            items.append(nodes.Pair(key, value, lineno=key.lineno))
+        self.stream.expect("rbrace")
+        return nodes.Dict(items, lineno=token.lineno)
+
+    def parse_postfix(self, node: nodes.Expr) -> nodes.Expr:
+        while True:
+            token_type = self.stream.current.type
+            if token_type == "dot" or token_type == "lbracket":
+                node = self.parse_subscript(node)
+            # calls are valid both after postfix expressions (getattr
+            # and getitem) as well as filters and tests
+            elif token_type == "lparen":
+                node = self.parse_call(node)
+            else:
+                break
+        return node
+
+    def parse_filter_expr(self, node: nodes.Expr) -> nodes.Expr:
+        while True:
+            token_type = self.stream.current.type
+            if token_type == "pipe":
+                node = self.parse_filter(node)  # type: ignore
+            elif token_type == "name" and self.stream.current.value == "is":
+                node = self.parse_test(node)
+            # calls are valid both after postfix expressions (getattr
+            # and getitem) as well as filters and tests
+            elif token_type == "lparen":
+                node = self.parse_call(node)
+            else:
+                break
+        return node
+
+    def parse_subscript(
+        self, node: nodes.Expr
+    ) -> t.Union[nodes.Getattr, nodes.Getitem]:
+        token = next(self.stream)
+        arg: nodes.Expr
+
+        if token.type == "dot":
+            attr_token = self.stream.current
+            next(self.stream)
+            if attr_token.type == "name":
+                return nodes.Getattr(
+                    node, attr_token.value, "load", lineno=token.lineno
+                )
+            elif attr_token.type != "integer":
+                self.fail("expected name or number", attr_token.lineno)
+            arg = nodes.Const(attr_token.value, lineno=attr_token.lineno)
+            return nodes.Getitem(node, arg, "load", lineno=token.lineno)
+        if token.type == "lbracket":
+            args: t.List[nodes.Expr] = []
+            while self.stream.current.type != "rbracket":
+                if args:
+                    self.stream.expect("comma")
+                args.append(self.parse_subscribed())
+            self.stream.expect("rbracket")
+            if len(args) == 1:
+                arg = args[0]
+            else:
+                arg = nodes.Tuple(args, "load", lineno=token.lineno)
+            return nodes.Getitem(node, arg, "load", lineno=token.lineno)
+        self.fail("expected subscript expression", token.lineno)
+
+    def parse_subscribed(self) -> nodes.Expr:
+        lineno = self.stream.current.lineno
+        args: t.List[t.Optional[nodes.Expr]]
+
+        if self.stream.current.type == "colon":
+            next(self.stream)
+            args = [None]
+        else:
+            node = self.parse_expression()
+            if self.stream.current.type != "colon":
+                return node
+            next(self.stream)
+            args = [node]
+
+        if self.stream.current.type == "colon":
+            args.append(None)
+        elif self.stream.current.type not in ("rbracket", "comma"):
+            args.append(self.parse_expression())
+        else:
+            args.append(None)
+
+        if self.stream.current.type == "colon":
+            next(self.stream)
+            if self.stream.current.type not in ("rbracket", "comma"):
+                args.append(self.parse_expression())
+            else:
+                args.append(None)
+        else:
+            args.append(None)
+
+        return nodes.Slice(lineno=lineno, *args)
+
+    def parse_call_args(self) -> t.Tuple:
+        token = self.stream.expect("lparen")
+        args = []
+        kwargs = []
+        dyn_args = None
+        dyn_kwargs = None
+        require_comma = False
+
+        def ensure(expr: bool) -> None:
+            if not expr:
+                self.fail("invalid syntax for function call expression", token.lineno)
+
+        while self.stream.current.type != "rparen":
+            if require_comma:
+                self.stream.expect("comma")
+
+                # support for trailing comma
+                if self.stream.current.type == "rparen":
+                    break
+
+            if self.stream.current.type == "mul":
+                ensure(dyn_args is None and dyn_kwargs is None)
+                next(self.stream)
+                dyn_args = self.parse_expression()
+            elif self.stream.current.type == "pow":
+                ensure(dyn_kwargs is None)
+                next(self.stream)
+                dyn_kwargs = self.parse_expression()
+            else:
+                if (
+                    self.stream.current.type == "name"
+                    and self.stream.look().type == "assign"
+                ):
+                    # Parsing a kwarg
+                    ensure(dyn_kwargs is None)
+                    key = self.stream.current.value
+                    self.stream.skip(2)
+                    value = self.parse_expression()
+                    kwargs.append(nodes.Keyword(key, value, lineno=value.lineno))
+                else:
+                    # Parsing an arg
+                    ensure(dyn_args is None and dyn_kwargs is None and not kwargs)
+                    args.append(self.parse_expression())
+
+            require_comma = True
+
+        self.stream.expect("rparen")
+        return args, kwargs, dyn_args, dyn_kwargs
+
+    def parse_call(self, node: nodes.Expr) -> nodes.Call:
+        # The lparen will be expected in parse_call_args, but the lineno
+        # needs to be recorded before the stream is advanced.
+        token = self.stream.current
+        args, kwargs, dyn_args, dyn_kwargs = self.parse_call_args()
+        return nodes.Call(node, args, kwargs, dyn_args, dyn_kwargs, lineno=token.lineno)
+
+    def parse_filter(
+        self, node: t.Optional[nodes.Expr], start_inline: bool = False
+    ) -> t.Optional[nodes.Expr]:
+        while self.stream.current.type == "pipe" or start_inline:
+            if not start_inline:
+                next(self.stream)
+            token = self.stream.expect("name")
+            name = token.value
+            while self.stream.current.type == "dot":
+                next(self.stream)
+                name += "." + self.stream.expect("name").value
+            if self.stream.current.type == "lparen":
+                args, kwargs, dyn_args, dyn_kwargs = self.parse_call_args()
+            else:
+                args = []
+                kwargs = []
+                dyn_args = dyn_kwargs = None
+            node = nodes.Filter(
+                node, name, args, kwargs, dyn_args, dyn_kwargs, lineno=token.lineno
+            )
+            start_inline = False
+        return node
+
+    def parse_test(self, node: nodes.Expr) -> nodes.Expr:
+        token = next(self.stream)
+        if self.stream.current.test("name:not"):
+            next(self.stream)
+            negated = True
+        else:
+            negated = False
+        name = self.stream.expect("name").value
+        while self.stream.current.type == "dot":
+            next(self.stream)
+            name += "." + self.stream.expect("name").value
+        dyn_args = dyn_kwargs = None
+        kwargs = []
+        if self.stream.current.type == "lparen":
+            args, kwargs, dyn_args, dyn_kwargs = self.parse_call_args()
+        elif (
+            self.stream.current.type
+            in {
+                "name",
+                "string",
+                "integer",
+                "float",
+                "lparen",
+                "lbracket",
+                "lbrace",
+            }
+            and not self.stream.current.test_any("name:else", "name:or", "name:and")
+        ):
+            if self.stream.current.test("name:is"):
+                self.fail("You cannot chain multiple tests with is")
+            arg_node = self.parse_primary()
+            arg_node = self.parse_postfix(arg_node)
+            args = [arg_node]
+        else:
+            args = []
+        node = nodes.Test(
+            node, name, args, kwargs, dyn_args, dyn_kwargs, lineno=token.lineno
+        )
+        if negated:
+            node = nodes.Not(node, lineno=token.lineno)
+        return node
+
+    def subparse(
+        self, end_tokens: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, ...]] = None
+    ) -> t.List[nodes.Node]:
+        body: t.List[nodes.Node] = []
+        data_buffer: t.List[nodes.Node] = []
+        add_data = data_buffer.append
+
+        if end_tokens is not None:
+            self._end_token_stack.append(end_tokens)
+
+        def flush_data() -> None:
+            if data_buffer:
+                lineno = data_buffer[0].lineno
+                body.append(nodes.Output(data_buffer[:], lineno=lineno))
+                del data_buffer[:]
+
+        try:
+            while self.stream:
+                token = self.stream.current
+                if token.type == "data":
+                    if token.value:
+                        add_data(nodes.TemplateData(token.value, lineno=token.lineno))
+                    next(self.stream)
+                elif token.type == "variable_begin":
+                    next(self.stream)
+                    add_data(self.parse_tuple(with_condexpr=True))
+                    self.stream.expect("variable_end")
+                elif token.type == "block_begin":
+                    flush_data()
+                    next(self.stream)
+                    if end_tokens is not None and self.stream.current.test_any(
+                        *end_tokens
+                    ):
+                        return body
+                    rv = self.parse_statement()
+                    if isinstance(rv, list):
+                        body.extend(rv)
+                    else:
+                        body.append(rv)
+                    self.stream.expect("block_end")
+                else:
+                    raise AssertionError("internal parsing error")
+
+            flush_data()
+        finally:
+            if end_tokens is not None:
+                self._end_token_stack.pop()
+        return body
+
+    def parse(self) -> nodes.Template:
+        """Parse the whole template into a `Template` node."""
+        result = nodes.Template(self.subparse(), lineno=1)
+        result.set_environment(self.environment)
+        return result
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/py.typed b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/runtime.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/runtime.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2346cf2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/runtime.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1104 @@
+"""The runtime functions and state used by compiled templates."""
+import functools
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from collections import abc
+from itertools import chain
+
+from markupsafe import escape  # noqa: F401
+from markupsafe import Markup
+from markupsafe import soft_str
+
+from .async_utils import auto_aiter
+from .async_utils import auto_await  # noqa: F401
+from .exceptions import TemplateNotFound  # noqa: F401
+from .exceptions import TemplateRuntimeError  # noqa: F401
+from .exceptions import UndefinedError
+from .nodes import EvalContext
+from .utils import _PassArg
+from .utils import concat
+from .utils import internalcode
+from .utils import missing
+from .utils import Namespace  # noqa: F401
+from .utils import object_type_repr
+from .utils import pass_eval_context
+
+V = t.TypeVar("V")
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import logging
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from .environment import Environment
+
+    class LoopRenderFunc(te.Protocol):
+        def __call__(
+            self,
+            reciter: t.Iterable[V],
+            loop_render_func: "LoopRenderFunc",
+            depth: int = 0,
+        ) -> str:
+            ...
+
+
+# these variables are exported to the template runtime
+exported = [
+    "LoopContext",
+    "TemplateReference",
+    "Macro",
+    "Markup",
+    "TemplateRuntimeError",
+    "missing",
+    "concat",
+    "escape",
+    "markup_join",
+    "str_join",
+    "identity",
+    "TemplateNotFound",
+    "Namespace",
+    "Undefined",
+    "internalcode",
+]
+async_exported = [
+    "AsyncLoopContext",
+    "auto_aiter",
+    "auto_await",
+]
+
+
+def identity(x: V) -> V:
+    """Returns its argument. Useful for certain things in the
+    environment.
+    """
+    return x
+
+
+def markup_join(seq: t.Iterable[t.Any]) -> str:
+    """Concatenation that escapes if necessary and converts to string."""
+    buf = []
+    iterator = map(soft_str, seq)
+    for arg in iterator:
+        buf.append(arg)
+        if hasattr(arg, "__html__"):
+            return Markup("").join(chain(buf, iterator))
+    return concat(buf)
+
+
+def str_join(seq: t.Iterable[t.Any]) -> str:
+    """Simple args to string conversion and concatenation."""
+    return concat(map(str, seq))
+
+
+def unicode_join(seq: t.Iterable[t.Any]) -> str:
+    import warnings
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "This template must be recompiled with at least Jinja 3.0, or"
+        " it will fail in Jinja 3.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return str_join(seq)
+
+
+def new_context(
+    environment: "Environment",
+    template_name: t.Optional[str],
+    blocks: t.Dict[str, t.Callable[["Context"], t.Iterator[str]]],
+    vars: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    shared: bool = False,
+    globals: t.Optional[t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    locals: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+) -> "Context":
+    """Internal helper for context creation."""
+    if vars is None:
+        vars = {}
+    if shared:
+        parent = vars
+    else:
+        parent = dict(globals or (), **vars)
+    if locals:
+        # if the parent is shared a copy should be created because
+        # we don't want to modify the dict passed
+        if shared:
+            parent = dict(parent)
+        for key, value in locals.items():
+            if value is not missing:
+                parent[key] = value
+    return environment.context_class(
+        environment, parent, template_name, blocks, globals=globals
+    )
+
+
+class TemplateReference:
+    """The `self` in templates."""
+
+    def __init__(self, context: "Context") -> None:
+        self.__context = context
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        blocks = self.__context.blocks[name]
+        return BlockReference(name, self.__context, blocks, 0)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self.__context.name!r}>"
+
+
+def _dict_method_all(dict_method: F) -> F:
+    @functools.wraps(dict_method)
+    def f_all(self: "Context") -> t.Any:
+        return dict_method(self.get_all())
+
+    return t.cast(F, f_all)
+
+
+@abc.Mapping.register
+class Context:
+    """The template context holds the variables of a template.  It stores the
+    values passed to the template and also the names the template exports.
+    Creating instances is neither supported nor useful as it's created
+    automatically at various stages of the template evaluation and should not
+    be created by hand.
+
+    The context is immutable.  Modifications on :attr:`parent` **must not**
+    happen and modifications on :attr:`vars` are allowed from generated
+    template code only.  Template filters and global functions marked as
+    :func:`pass_context` get the active context passed as first argument
+    and are allowed to access the context read-only.
+
+    The template context supports read only dict operations (`get`,
+    `keys`, `values`, `items`, `iterkeys`, `itervalues`, `iteritems`,
+    `__getitem__`, `__contains__`).  Additionally there is a :meth:`resolve`
+    method that doesn't fail with a `KeyError` but returns an
+    :class:`Undefined` object for missing variables.
+    """
+
+    _legacy_resolve_mode: t.ClassVar[bool] = False
+
+    def __init_subclass__(cls) -> None:
+        if "resolve_or_missing" in cls.__dict__:
+            # If the subclass overrides resolve_or_missing it opts in to
+            # modern mode no matter what.
+            cls._legacy_resolve_mode = False
+        elif "resolve" in cls.__dict__ or cls._legacy_resolve_mode:
+            # If the subclass overrides resolve, or if its base is
+            # already in legacy mode, warn about legacy behavior.
+            import warnings
+
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Overriding 'resolve' is deprecated and will not have"
+                " the expected behavior in Jinja 3.1. Override"
+                " 'resolve_or_missing' instead ",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            cls._legacy_resolve_mode = True
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        environment: "Environment",
+        parent: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+        name: t.Optional[str],
+        blocks: t.Dict[str, t.Callable[["Context"], t.Iterator[str]]],
+        globals: t.Optional[t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ):
+        self.parent = parent
+        self.vars: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+        self.environment: "Environment" = environment
+        self.eval_ctx = EvalContext(self.environment, name)
+        self.exported_vars: t.Set[str] = set()
+        self.name = name
+        self.globals_keys = set() if globals is None else set(globals)
+
+        # create the initial mapping of blocks.  Whenever template inheritance
+        # takes place the runtime will update this mapping with the new blocks
+        # from the template.
+        self.blocks = {k: [v] for k, v in blocks.items()}
+
+    def super(
+        self, name: str, current: t.Callable[["Context"], t.Iterator[str]]
+    ) -> t.Union["BlockReference", "Undefined"]:
+        """Render a parent block."""
+        try:
+            blocks = self.blocks[name]
+            index = blocks.index(current) + 1
+            blocks[index]
+        except LookupError:
+            return self.environment.undefined(
+                f"there is no parent block called {name!r}.", name="super"
+            )
+        return BlockReference(name, self, blocks, index)
+
+    def get(self, key: str, default: t.Any = None) -> t.Any:
+        """Look up a variable by name, or return a default if the key is
+        not found.
+
+        :param key: The variable name to look up.
+        :param default: The value to return if the key is not found.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            return default
+
+    def resolve(self, key: str) -> t.Union[t.Any, "Undefined"]:
+        """Look up a variable by name, or return an :class:`Undefined`
+        object if the key is not found.
+
+        If you need to add custom behavior, override
+        :meth:`resolve_or_missing`, not this method. The various lookup
+        functions use that method, not this one.
+
+        :param key: The variable name to look up.
+        """
+        if self._legacy_resolve_mode:
+            if key in self.vars:
+                return self.vars[key]
+
+            if key in self.parent:
+                return self.parent[key]
+
+            return self.environment.undefined(name=key)
+
+        rv = self.resolve_or_missing(key)
+
+        if rv is missing:
+            return self.environment.undefined(name=key)
+
+        return rv
+
+    def resolve_or_missing(self, key: str) -> t.Any:
+        """Look up a variable by name, or return a ``missing`` sentinel
+        if the key is not found.
+
+        Override this method to add custom lookup behavior.
+        :meth:`resolve`, :meth:`get`, and :meth:`__getitem__` use this
+        method. Don't call this method directly.
+
+        :param key: The variable name to look up.
+        """
+        if self._legacy_resolve_mode:
+            rv = self.resolve(key)
+
+            if isinstance(rv, Undefined):
+                return missing
+
+            return rv
+
+        if key in self.vars:
+            return self.vars[key]
+
+        if key in self.parent:
+            return self.parent[key]
+
+        return missing
+
+    def get_exported(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """Get a new dict with the exported variables."""
+        return {k: self.vars[k] for k in self.exported_vars}
+
+    def get_all(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        """Return the complete context as dict including the exported
+        variables.  For optimizations reasons this might not return an
+        actual copy so be careful with using it.
+        """
+        if not self.vars:
+            return self.parent
+        if not self.parent:
+            return self.vars
+        return dict(self.parent, **self.vars)
+
+    @internalcode
+    def call(
+        __self, __obj: t.Callable, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any  # noqa: B902
+    ) -> t.Union[t.Any, "Undefined"]:
+        """Call the callable with the arguments and keyword arguments
+        provided but inject the active context or environment as first
+        argument if the callable has :func:`pass_context` or
+        :func:`pass_environment`.
+        """
+        if __debug__:
+            __traceback_hide__ = True  # noqa
+
+        # Allow callable classes to take a context
+        if (
+            hasattr(__obj, "__call__")  # noqa: B004
+            and _PassArg.from_obj(__obj.__call__) is not None  # type: ignore
+        ):
+            __obj = __obj.__call__  # type: ignore
+
+        pass_arg = _PassArg.from_obj(__obj)
+
+        if pass_arg is _PassArg.context:
+            # the active context should have access to variables set in
+            # loops and blocks without mutating the context itself
+            if kwargs.get("_loop_vars"):
+                __self = __self.derived(kwargs["_loop_vars"])
+            if kwargs.get("_block_vars"):
+                __self = __self.derived(kwargs["_block_vars"])
+            args = (__self,) + args
+        elif pass_arg is _PassArg.eval_context:
+            args = (__self.eval_ctx,) + args
+        elif pass_arg is _PassArg.environment:
+            args = (__self.environment,) + args
+
+        kwargs.pop("_block_vars", None)
+        kwargs.pop("_loop_vars", None)
+
+        try:
+            return __obj(*args, **kwargs)
+        except StopIteration:
+            return __self.environment.undefined(
+                "value was undefined because a callable raised a"
+                " StopIteration exception"
+            )
+
+    def derived(self, locals: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None) -> "Context":
+        """Internal helper function to create a derived context.  This is
+        used in situations where the system needs a new context in the same
+        template that is independent.
+        """
+        context = new_context(
+            self.environment, self.name, {}, self.get_all(), True, None, locals
+        )
+        context.eval_ctx = self.eval_ctx
+        context.blocks.update((k, list(v)) for k, v in self.blocks.items())
+        return context
+
+    keys = _dict_method_all(dict.keys)
+    values = _dict_method_all(dict.values)
+    items = _dict_method_all(dict.items)
+
+    def __contains__(self, name: str) -> bool:
+        return name in self.vars or name in self.parent
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> t.Any:
+        """Look up a variable by name with ``[]`` syntax, or raise a
+        ``KeyError`` if the key is not found.
+        """
+        item = self.resolve_or_missing(key)
+
+        if item is missing:
+            raise KeyError(key)
+
+        return item
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self.get_all()!r} of {self.name!r}>"
+
+
+class BlockReference:
+    """One block on a template reference."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        context: "Context",
+        stack: t.List[t.Callable[["Context"], t.Iterator[str]]],
+        depth: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self._context = context
+        self._stack = stack
+        self._depth = depth
+
+    @property
+    def super(self) -> t.Union["BlockReference", "Undefined"]:
+        """Super the block."""
+        if self._depth + 1 >= len(self._stack):
+            return self._context.environment.undefined(
+                f"there is no parent block called {self.name!r}.", name="super"
+            )
+        return BlockReference(self.name, self._context, self._stack, self._depth + 1)
+
+    @internalcode
+    async def _async_call(self) -> str:
+        rv = concat(
+            [x async for x in self._stack[self._depth](self._context)]  # type: ignore
+        )
+
+        if self._context.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            return Markup(rv)
+
+        return rv
+
+    @internalcode
+    def __call__(self) -> str:
+        if self._context.environment.is_async:
+            return self._async_call()  # type: ignore
+
+        rv = concat(self._stack[self._depth](self._context))
+
+        if self._context.eval_ctx.autoescape:
+            return Markup(rv)
+
+        return rv
+
+
+class LoopContext:
+    """A wrapper iterable for dynamic ``for`` loops, with information
+    about the loop and iteration.
+    """
+
+    #: Current iteration of the loop, starting at 0.
+    index0 = -1
+
+    _length: t.Optional[int] = None
+    _after: t.Any = missing
+    _current: t.Any = missing
+    _before: t.Any = missing
+    _last_changed_value: t.Any = missing
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        iterable: t.Iterable[V],
+        undefined: t.Type["Undefined"],
+        recurse: t.Optional["LoopRenderFunc"] = None,
+        depth0: int = 0,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        :param iterable: Iterable to wrap.
+        :param undefined: :class:`Undefined` class to use for next and
+            previous items.
+        :param recurse: The function to render the loop body when the
+            loop is marked recursive.
+        :param depth0: Incremented when looping recursively.
+        """
+        self._iterable = iterable
+        self._iterator = self._to_iterator(iterable)
+        self._undefined = undefined
+        self._recurse = recurse
+        #: How many levels deep a recursive loop currently is, starting at 0.
+        self.depth0 = depth0
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _to_iterator(iterable: t.Iterable[V]) -> t.Iterator[V]:
+        return iter(iterable)
+
+    @property
+    def length(self) -> int:
+        """Length of the iterable.
+
+        If the iterable is a generator or otherwise does not have a
+        size, it is eagerly evaluated to get a size.
+        """
+        if self._length is not None:
+            return self._length
+
+        try:
+            self._length = len(self._iterable)  # type: ignore
+        except TypeError:
+            iterable = list(self._iterator)
+            self._iterator = self._to_iterator(iterable)
+            self._length = len(iterable) + self.index + (self._after is not missing)
+
+        return self._length
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return self.length
+
+    @property
+    def depth(self) -> int:
+        """How many levels deep a recursive loop currently is, starting at 1."""
+        return self.depth0 + 1
+
+    @property
+    def index(self) -> int:
+        """Current iteration of the loop, starting at 1."""
+        return self.index0 + 1
+
+    @property
+    def revindex0(self) -> int:
+        """Number of iterations from the end of the loop, ending at 0.
+
+        Requires calculating :attr:`length`.
+        """
+        return self.length - self.index
+
+    @property
+    def revindex(self) -> int:
+        """Number of iterations from the end of the loop, ending at 1.
+
+        Requires calculating :attr:`length`.
+        """
+        return self.length - self.index0
+
+    @property
+    def first(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether this is the first iteration of the loop."""
+        return self.index0 == 0
+
+    def _peek_next(self) -> t.Any:
+        """Return the next element in the iterable, or :data:`missing`
+        if the iterable is exhausted. Only peeks one item ahead, caching
+        the result in :attr:`_last` for use in subsequent checks. The
+        cache is reset when :meth:`__next__` is called.
+        """
+        if self._after is not missing:
+            return self._after
+
+        self._after = next(self._iterator, missing)
+        return self._after
+
+    @property
+    def last(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether this is the last iteration of the loop.
+
+        Causes the iterable to advance early. See
+        :func:`itertools.groupby` for issues this can cause.
+        The :func:`groupby` filter avoids that issue.
+        """
+        return self._peek_next() is missing
+
+    @property
+    def previtem(self) -> t.Union[t.Any, "Undefined"]:
+        """The item in the previous iteration. Undefined during the
+        first iteration.
+        """
+        if self.first:
+            return self._undefined("there is no previous item")
+
+        return self._before
+
+    @property
+    def nextitem(self) -> t.Union[t.Any, "Undefined"]:
+        """The item in the next iteration. Undefined during the last
+        iteration.
+
+        Causes the iterable to advance early. See
+        :func:`itertools.groupby` for issues this can cause.
+        The :func:`jinja-filters.groupby` filter avoids that issue.
+        """
+        rv = self._peek_next()
+
+        if rv is missing:
+            return self._undefined("there is no next item")
+
+        return rv
+
+    def cycle(self, *args: V) -> V:
+        """Return a value from the given args, cycling through based on
+        the current :attr:`index0`.
+
+        :param args: One or more values to cycle through.
+        """
+        if not args:
+            raise TypeError("no items for cycling given")
+
+        return args[self.index0 % len(args)]
+
+    def changed(self, *value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        """Return ``True`` if previously called with a different value
+        (including when called for the first time).
+
+        :param value: One or more values to compare to the last call.
+        """
+        if self._last_changed_value != value:
+            self._last_changed_value = value
+            return True
+
+        return False
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> "LoopContext":
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, "LoopContext"]:
+        if self._after is not missing:
+            rv = self._after
+            self._after = missing
+        else:
+            rv = next(self._iterator)
+
+        self.index0 += 1
+        self._before = self._current
+        self._current = rv
+        return rv, self
+
+    @internalcode
+    def __call__(self, iterable: t.Iterable[V]) -> str:
+        """When iterating over nested data, render the body of the loop
+        recursively with the given inner iterable data.
+
+        The loop must have the ``recursive`` marker for this to work.
+        """
+        if self._recurse is None:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "The loop must have the 'recursive' marker to be called recursively."
+            )
+
+        return self._recurse(iterable, self._recurse, depth=self.depth)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self.index}/{self.length}>"
+
+
+class AsyncLoopContext(LoopContext):
+    _iterator: t.AsyncIterator[t.Any]  # type: ignore
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _to_iterator(  # type: ignore
+        iterable: t.Union[t.Iterable[V], t.AsyncIterable[V]]
+    ) -> t.AsyncIterator[V]:
+        return auto_aiter(iterable)
+
+    @property
+    async def length(self) -> int:  # type: ignore
+        if self._length is not None:
+            return self._length
+
+        try:
+            self._length = len(self._iterable)  # type: ignore
+        except TypeError:
+            iterable = [x async for x in self._iterator]
+            self._iterator = self._to_iterator(iterable)
+            self._length = len(iterable) + self.index + (self._after is not missing)
+
+        return self._length
+
+    @property
+    async def revindex0(self) -> int:  # type: ignore
+        return await self.length - self.index
+
+    @property
+    async def revindex(self) -> int:  # type: ignore
+        return await self.length - self.index0
+
+    async def _peek_next(self) -> t.Any:
+        if self._after is not missing:
+            return self._after
+
+        try:
+            self._after = await self._iterator.__anext__()
+        except StopAsyncIteration:
+            self._after = missing
+
+        return self._after
+
+    @property
+    async def last(self) -> bool:  # type: ignore
+        return await self._peek_next() is missing
+
+    @property
+    async def nextitem(self) -> t.Union[t.Any, "Undefined"]:
+        rv = await self._peek_next()
+
+        if rv is missing:
+            return self._undefined("there is no next item")
+
+        return rv
+
+    def __aiter__(self) -> "AsyncLoopContext":
+        return self
+
+    async def __anext__(self) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, "AsyncLoopContext"]:
+        if self._after is not missing:
+            rv = self._after
+            self._after = missing
+        else:
+            rv = await self._iterator.__anext__()
+
+        self.index0 += 1
+        self._before = self._current
+        self._current = rv
+        return rv, self
+
+
+class Macro:
+    """Wraps a macro function."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        environment: "Environment",
+        func: t.Callable[..., str],
+        name: str,
+        arguments: t.List[str],
+        catch_kwargs: bool,
+        catch_varargs: bool,
+        caller: bool,
+        default_autoescape: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    ):
+        self._environment = environment
+        self._func = func
+        self._argument_count = len(arguments)
+        self.name = name
+        self.arguments = arguments
+        self.catch_kwargs = catch_kwargs
+        self.catch_varargs = catch_varargs
+        self.caller = caller
+        self.explicit_caller = "caller" in arguments
+
+        if default_autoescape is None:
+            if callable(environment.autoescape):
+                default_autoescape = environment.autoescape(None)
+            else:
+                default_autoescape = environment.autoescape
+
+        self._default_autoescape = default_autoescape
+
+    @internalcode
+    @pass_eval_context
+    def __call__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> str:
+        # This requires a bit of explanation,  In the past we used to
+        # decide largely based on compile-time information if a macro is
+        # safe or unsafe.  While there was a volatile mode it was largely
+        # unused for deciding on escaping.  This turns out to be
+        # problematic for macros because whether a macro is safe depends not
+        # on the escape mode when it was defined, but rather when it was used.
+        #
+        # Because however we export macros from the module system and
+        # there are historic callers that do not pass an eval context (and
+        # will continue to not pass one), we need to perform an instance
+        # check here.
+        #
+        # This is considered safe because an eval context is not a valid
+        # argument to callables otherwise anyway.  Worst case here is
+        # that if no eval context is passed we fall back to the compile
+        # time autoescape flag.
+        if args and isinstance(args[0], EvalContext):
+            autoescape = args[0].autoescape
+            args = args[1:]
+        else:
+            autoescape = self._default_autoescape
+
+        # try to consume the positional arguments
+        arguments = list(args[: self._argument_count])
+        off = len(arguments)
+
+        # For information why this is necessary refer to the handling
+        # of caller in the `macro_body` handler in the compiler.
+        found_caller = False
+
+        # if the number of arguments consumed is not the number of
+        # arguments expected we start filling in keyword arguments
+        # and defaults.
+        if off != self._argument_count:
+            for name in self.arguments[len(arguments) :]:
+                try:
+                    value = kwargs.pop(name)
+                except KeyError:
+                    value = missing
+                if name == "caller":
+                    found_caller = True
+                arguments.append(value)
+        else:
+            found_caller = self.explicit_caller
+
+        # it's important that the order of these arguments does not change
+        # if not also changed in the compiler's `function_scoping` method.
+        # the order is caller, keyword arguments, positional arguments!
+        if self.caller and not found_caller:
+            caller = kwargs.pop("caller", None)
+            if caller is None:
+                caller = self._environment.undefined("No caller defined", name="caller")
+            arguments.append(caller)
+
+        if self.catch_kwargs:
+            arguments.append(kwargs)
+        elif kwargs:
+            if "caller" in kwargs:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    f"macro {self.name!r} was invoked with two values for the special"
+                    " caller argument. This is most likely a bug."
+                )
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"macro {self.name!r} takes no keyword argument {next(iter(kwargs))!r}"
+            )
+        if self.catch_varargs:
+            arguments.append(args[self._argument_count :])
+        elif len(args) > self._argument_count:
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"macro {self.name!r} takes not more than"
+                f" {len(self.arguments)} argument(s)"
+            )
+
+        return self._invoke(arguments, autoescape)
+
+    async def _async_invoke(self, arguments: t.List[t.Any], autoescape: bool) -> str:
+        rv = await self._func(*arguments)  # type: ignore
+
+        if autoescape:
+            return Markup(rv)
+
+        return rv  # type: ignore
+
+    def _invoke(self, arguments: t.List[t.Any], autoescape: bool) -> str:
+        if self._environment.is_async:
+            return self._async_invoke(arguments, autoescape)  # type: ignore
+
+        rv = self._func(*arguments)
+
+        if autoescape:
+            rv = Markup(rv)
+
+        return rv
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        name = "anonymous" if self.name is None else repr(self.name)
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {name}>"
+
+
+class Undefined:
+    """The default undefined type.  This undefined type can be printed and
+    iterated over, but every other access will raise an :exc:`UndefinedError`:
+
+    >>> foo = Undefined(name='foo')
+    >>> str(foo)
+    ''
+    >>> not foo
+    True
+    >>> foo + 42
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    jinja2.exceptions.UndefinedError: 'foo' is undefined
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_undefined_hint",
+        "_undefined_obj",
+        "_undefined_name",
+        "_undefined_exception",
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        hint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        obj: t.Any = missing,
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        exc: t.Type[TemplateRuntimeError] = UndefinedError,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._undefined_hint = hint
+        self._undefined_obj = obj
+        self._undefined_name = name
+        self._undefined_exception = exc
+
+    @property
+    def _undefined_message(self) -> str:
+        """Build a message about the undefined value based on how it was
+        accessed.
+        """
+        if self._undefined_hint:
+            return self._undefined_hint
+
+        if self._undefined_obj is missing:
+            return f"{self._undefined_name!r} is undefined"
+
+        if not isinstance(self._undefined_name, str):
+            return (
+                f"{object_type_repr(self._undefined_obj)} has no"
+                f" element {self._undefined_name!r}"
+            )
+
+        return (
+            f"{object_type_repr(self._undefined_obj)!r} has no"
+            f" attribute {self._undefined_name!r}"
+        )
+
+    @internalcode
+    def _fail_with_undefined_error(
+        self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        """Raise an :exc:`UndefinedError` when operations are performed
+        on the undefined value.
+        """
+        raise self._undefined_exception(self._undefined_message)
+
+    @internalcode
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        if name[:2] == "__":
+            raise AttributeError(name)
+
+        return self._fail_with_undefined_error()
+
+    __add__ = __radd__ = __sub__ = __rsub__ = _fail_with_undefined_error
+    __mul__ = __rmul__ = __div__ = __rdiv__ = _fail_with_undefined_error
+    __truediv__ = __rtruediv__ = _fail_with_undefined_error
+    __floordiv__ = __rfloordiv__ = _fail_with_undefined_error
+    __mod__ = __rmod__ = _fail_with_undefined_error
+    __pos__ = __neg__ = _fail_with_undefined_error
+    __call__ = __getitem__ = _fail_with_undefined_error
+    __lt__ = __le__ = __gt__ = __ge__ = _fail_with_undefined_error
+    __int__ = __float__ = __complex__ = _fail_with_undefined_error
+    __pow__ = __rpow__ = _fail_with_undefined_error
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: t.Any) -> bool:
+        return type(self) is type(other)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: t.Any) -> bool:
+        return not self.__eq__(other)
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return id(type(self))
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return ""
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return 0
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.Any]:
+        yield from ()
+
+    async def __aiter__(self) -> t.AsyncIterator[t.Any]:
+        for _ in ():
+            yield
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "Undefined"
+
+
+def make_logging_undefined(
+    logger: t.Optional["logging.Logger"] = None, base: t.Type[Undefined] = Undefined
+) -> t.Type[Undefined]:
+    """Given a logger object this returns a new undefined class that will
+    log certain failures.  It will log iterations and printing.  If no
+    logger is given a default logger is created.
+
+    Example::
+
+        logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+        LoggingUndefined = make_logging_undefined(
+            logger=logger,
+            base=Undefined
+        )
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.8
+
+    :param logger: the logger to use.  If not provided, a default logger
+                   is created.
+    :param base: the base class to add logging functionality to.  This
+                 defaults to :class:`Undefined`.
+    """
+    if logger is None:
+        import logging
+
+        logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+        logger.addHandler(logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr))
+
+    def _log_message(undef: Undefined) -> None:
+        logger.warning(  # type: ignore
+            "Template variable warning: %s", undef._undefined_message
+        )
+
+    class LoggingUndefined(base):  # type: ignore
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def _fail_with_undefined_error(  # type: ignore
+            self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+        ) -> "te.NoReturn":
+            try:
+                super()._fail_with_undefined_error(*args, **kwargs)
+            except self._undefined_exception as e:
+                logger.error("Template variable error: %s", e)  # type: ignore
+                raise e
+
+        def __str__(self) -> str:
+            _log_message(self)
+            return super().__str__()  # type: ignore
+
+        def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.Any]:
+            _log_message(self)
+            return super().__iter__()  # type: ignore
+
+        def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+            _log_message(self)
+            return super().__bool__()  # type: ignore
+
+    return LoggingUndefined
+
+
+class ChainableUndefined(Undefined):
+    """An undefined that is chainable, where both ``__getattr__`` and
+    ``__getitem__`` return itself rather than raising an
+    :exc:`UndefinedError`.
+
+    >>> foo = ChainableUndefined(name='foo')
+    >>> str(foo.bar['baz'])
+    ''
+    >>> foo.bar['baz'] + 42
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    jinja2.exceptions.UndefinedError: 'foo' is undefined
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.11.0
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __html__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, _: str) -> "ChainableUndefined":
+        return self
+
+    __getitem__ = __getattr__  # type: ignore
+
+
+class DebugUndefined(Undefined):
+    """An undefined that returns the debug info when printed.
+
+    >>> foo = DebugUndefined(name='foo')
+    >>> str(foo)
+    '{{ foo }}'
+    >>> not foo
+    True
+    >>> foo + 42
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    jinja2.exceptions.UndefinedError: 'foo' is undefined
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        if self._undefined_hint:
+            message = f"undefined value printed: {self._undefined_hint}"
+
+        elif self._undefined_obj is missing:
+            message = self._undefined_name  # type: ignore
+
+        else:
+            message = (
+                f"no such element: {object_type_repr(self._undefined_obj)}"
+                f"[{self._undefined_name!r}]"
+            )
+
+        return f"{{{{ {message} }}}}"
+
+
+class StrictUndefined(Undefined):
+    """An undefined that barks on print and iteration as well as boolean
+    tests and all kinds of comparisons.  In other words: you can do nothing
+    with it except checking if it's defined using the `defined` test.
+
+    >>> foo = StrictUndefined(name='foo')
+    >>> str(foo)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    jinja2.exceptions.UndefinedError: 'foo' is undefined
+    >>> not foo
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    jinja2.exceptions.UndefinedError: 'foo' is undefined
+    >>> foo + 42
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    jinja2.exceptions.UndefinedError: 'foo' is undefined
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+    __iter__ = __str__ = __len__ = Undefined._fail_with_undefined_error
+    __eq__ = __ne__ = __bool__ = __hash__ = Undefined._fail_with_undefined_error
+    __contains__ = Undefined._fail_with_undefined_error
+
+
+# Remove slots attributes, after the metaclass is applied they are
+# unneeded and contain wrong data for subclasses.
+del (
+    Undefined.__slots__,
+    ChainableUndefined.__slots__,
+    DebugUndefined.__slots__,
+    StrictUndefined.__slots__,
+)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/sandbox.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/sandbox.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4294884
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/sandbox.py
@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+"""A sandbox layer that ensures unsafe operations cannot be performed.
+Useful when the template itself comes from an untrusted source.
+"""
+import operator
+import types
+import typing as t
+from _string import formatter_field_name_split  # type: ignore
+from collections import abc
+from collections import deque
+from string import Formatter
+
+from markupsafe import EscapeFormatter
+from markupsafe import Markup
+
+from .environment import Environment
+from .exceptions import SecurityError
+from .runtime import Context
+from .runtime import Undefined
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+
+#: maximum number of items a range may produce
+MAX_RANGE = 100000
+
+#: Unsafe function attributes.
+UNSAFE_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTES: t.Set[str] = set()
+
+#: Unsafe method attributes. Function attributes are unsafe for methods too.
+UNSAFE_METHOD_ATTRIBUTES: t.Set[str] = set()
+
+#: unsafe generator attributes.
+UNSAFE_GENERATOR_ATTRIBUTES = {"gi_frame", "gi_code"}
+
+#: unsafe attributes on coroutines
+UNSAFE_COROUTINE_ATTRIBUTES = {"cr_frame", "cr_code"}
+
+#: unsafe attributes on async generators
+UNSAFE_ASYNC_GENERATOR_ATTRIBUTES = {"ag_code", "ag_frame"}
+
+_mutable_spec: t.Tuple[t.Tuple[t.Type, t.FrozenSet[str]], ...] = (
+    (
+        abc.MutableSet,
+        frozenset(
+            [
+                "add",
+                "clear",
+                "difference_update",
+                "discard",
+                "pop",
+                "remove",
+                "symmetric_difference_update",
+                "update",
+            ]
+        ),
+    ),
+    (
+        abc.MutableMapping,
+        frozenset(["clear", "pop", "popitem", "setdefault", "update"]),
+    ),
+    (
+        abc.MutableSequence,
+        frozenset(["append", "reverse", "insert", "sort", "extend", "remove"]),
+    ),
+    (
+        deque,
+        frozenset(
+            [
+                "append",
+                "appendleft",
+                "clear",
+                "extend",
+                "extendleft",
+                "pop",
+                "popleft",
+                "remove",
+                "rotate",
+            ]
+        ),
+    ),
+)
+
+
+def inspect_format_method(callable: t.Callable) -> t.Optional[str]:
+    if not isinstance(
+        callable, (types.MethodType, types.BuiltinMethodType)
+    ) or callable.__name__ not in ("format", "format_map"):
+        return None
+
+    obj = callable.__self__
+
+    if isinstance(obj, str):
+        return obj
+
+    return None
+
+
+def safe_range(*args: int) -> range:
+    """A range that can't generate ranges with a length of more than
+    MAX_RANGE items.
+    """
+    rng = range(*args)
+
+    if len(rng) > MAX_RANGE:
+        raise OverflowError(
+            "Range too big. The sandbox blocks ranges larger than"
+            f" MAX_RANGE ({MAX_RANGE})."
+        )
+
+    return rng
+
+
+def unsafe(f: F) -> F:
+    """Marks a function or method as unsafe.
+
+    .. code-block: python
+
+        @unsafe
+        def delete(self):
+            pass
+    """
+    f.unsafe_callable = True  # type: ignore
+    return f
+
+
+def is_internal_attribute(obj: t.Any, attr: str) -> bool:
+    """Test if the attribute given is an internal python attribute.  For
+    example this function returns `True` for the `func_code` attribute of
+    python objects.  This is useful if the environment method
+    :meth:`~SandboxedEnvironment.is_safe_attribute` is overridden.
+
+    >>> from jinja2.sandbox import is_internal_attribute
+    >>> is_internal_attribute(str, "mro")
+    True
+    >>> is_internal_attribute(str, "upper")
+    False
+    """
+    if isinstance(obj, types.FunctionType):
+        if attr in UNSAFE_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTES:
+            return True
+    elif isinstance(obj, types.MethodType):
+        if attr in UNSAFE_FUNCTION_ATTRIBUTES or attr in UNSAFE_METHOD_ATTRIBUTES:
+            return True
+    elif isinstance(obj, type):
+        if attr == "mro":
+            return True
+    elif isinstance(obj, (types.CodeType, types.TracebackType, types.FrameType)):
+        return True
+    elif isinstance(obj, types.GeneratorType):
+        if attr in UNSAFE_GENERATOR_ATTRIBUTES:
+            return True
+    elif hasattr(types, "CoroutineType") and isinstance(obj, types.CoroutineType):
+        if attr in UNSAFE_COROUTINE_ATTRIBUTES:
+            return True
+    elif hasattr(types, "AsyncGeneratorType") and isinstance(
+        obj, types.AsyncGeneratorType
+    ):
+        if attr in UNSAFE_ASYNC_GENERATOR_ATTRIBUTES:
+            return True
+    return attr.startswith("__")
+
+
+def modifies_known_mutable(obj: t.Any, attr: str) -> bool:
+    """This function checks if an attribute on a builtin mutable object
+    (list, dict, set or deque) or the corresponding ABCs would modify it
+    if called.
+
+    >>> modifies_known_mutable({}, "clear")
+    True
+    >>> modifies_known_mutable({}, "keys")
+    False
+    >>> modifies_known_mutable([], "append")
+    True
+    >>> modifies_known_mutable([], "index")
+    False
+
+    If called with an unsupported object, ``False`` is returned.
+
+    >>> modifies_known_mutable("foo", "upper")
+    False
+    """
+    for typespec, unsafe in _mutable_spec:
+        if isinstance(obj, typespec):
+            return attr in unsafe
+    return False
+
+
+class SandboxedEnvironment(Environment):
+    """The sandboxed environment.  It works like the regular environment but
+    tells the compiler to generate sandboxed code.  Additionally subclasses of
+    this environment may override the methods that tell the runtime what
+    attributes or functions are safe to access.
+
+    If the template tries to access insecure code a :exc:`SecurityError` is
+    raised.  However also other exceptions may occur during the rendering so
+    the caller has to ensure that all exceptions are caught.
+    """
+
+    sandboxed = True
+
+    #: default callback table for the binary operators.  A copy of this is
+    #: available on each instance of a sandboxed environment as
+    #: :attr:`binop_table`
+    default_binop_table: t.Dict[str, t.Callable[[t.Any, t.Any], t.Any]] = {
+        "+": operator.add,
+        "-": operator.sub,
+        "*": operator.mul,
+        "/": operator.truediv,
+        "//": operator.floordiv,
+        "**": operator.pow,
+        "%": operator.mod,
+    }
+
+    #: default callback table for the unary operators.  A copy of this is
+    #: available on each instance of a sandboxed environment as
+    #: :attr:`unop_table`
+    default_unop_table: t.Dict[str, t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]] = {
+        "+": operator.pos,
+        "-": operator.neg,
+    }
+
+    #: a set of binary operators that should be intercepted.  Each operator
+    #: that is added to this set (empty by default) is delegated to the
+    #: :meth:`call_binop` method that will perform the operator.  The default
+    #: operator callback is specified by :attr:`binop_table`.
+    #:
+    #: The following binary operators are interceptable:
+    #: ``//``, ``%``, ``+``, ``*``, ``-``, ``/``, and ``**``
+    #:
+    #: The default operation form the operator table corresponds to the
+    #: builtin function.  Intercepted calls are always slower than the native
+    #: operator call, so make sure only to intercept the ones you are
+    #: interested in.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 2.6
+    intercepted_binops: t.FrozenSet[str] = frozenset()
+
+    #: a set of unary operators that should be intercepted.  Each operator
+    #: that is added to this set (empty by default) is delegated to the
+    #: :meth:`call_unop` method that will perform the operator.  The default
+    #: operator callback is specified by :attr:`unop_table`.
+    #:
+    #: The following unary operators are interceptable: ``+``, ``-``
+    #:
+    #: The default operation form the operator table corresponds to the
+    #: builtin function.  Intercepted calls are always slower than the native
+    #: operator call, so make sure only to intercept the ones you are
+    #: interested in.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 2.6
+    intercepted_unops: t.FrozenSet[str] = frozenset()
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.globals["range"] = safe_range
+        self.binop_table = self.default_binop_table.copy()
+        self.unop_table = self.default_unop_table.copy()
+
+    def is_safe_attribute(self, obj: t.Any, attr: str, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        """The sandboxed environment will call this method to check if the
+        attribute of an object is safe to access.  Per default all attributes
+        starting with an underscore are considered private as well as the
+        special attributes of internal python objects as returned by the
+        :func:`is_internal_attribute` function.
+        """
+        return not (attr.startswith("_") or is_internal_attribute(obj, attr))
+
+    def is_safe_callable(self, obj: t.Any) -> bool:
+        """Check if an object is safely callable. By default callables
+        are considered safe unless decorated with :func:`unsafe`.
+
+        This also recognizes the Django convention of setting
+        ``func.alters_data = True``.
+        """
+        return not (
+            getattr(obj, "unsafe_callable", False) or getattr(obj, "alters_data", False)
+        )
+
+    def call_binop(
+        self, context: Context, operator: str, left: t.Any, right: t.Any
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        """For intercepted binary operator calls (:meth:`intercepted_binops`)
+        this function is executed instead of the builtin operator.  This can
+        be used to fine tune the behavior of certain operators.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.6
+        """
+        return self.binop_table[operator](left, right)
+
+    def call_unop(self, context: Context, operator: str, arg: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """For intercepted unary operator calls (:meth:`intercepted_unops`)
+        this function is executed instead of the builtin operator.  This can
+        be used to fine tune the behavior of certain operators.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.6
+        """
+        return self.unop_table[operator](arg)
+
+    def getitem(
+        self, obj: t.Any, argument: t.Union[str, t.Any]
+    ) -> t.Union[t.Any, Undefined]:
+        """Subscribe an object from sandboxed code."""
+        try:
+            return obj[argument]
+        except (TypeError, LookupError):
+            if isinstance(argument, str):
+                try:
+                    attr = str(argument)
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        value = getattr(obj, attr)
+                    except AttributeError:
+                        pass
+                    else:
+                        if self.is_safe_attribute(obj, argument, value):
+                            return value
+                        return self.unsafe_undefined(obj, argument)
+        return self.undefined(obj=obj, name=argument)
+
+    def getattr(self, obj: t.Any, attribute: str) -> t.Union[t.Any, Undefined]:
+        """Subscribe an object from sandboxed code and prefer the
+        attribute.  The attribute passed *must* be a bytestring.
+        """
+        try:
+            value = getattr(obj, attribute)
+        except AttributeError:
+            try:
+                return obj[attribute]
+            except (TypeError, LookupError):
+                pass
+        else:
+            if self.is_safe_attribute(obj, attribute, value):
+                return value
+            return self.unsafe_undefined(obj, attribute)
+        return self.undefined(obj=obj, name=attribute)
+
+    def unsafe_undefined(self, obj: t.Any, attribute: str) -> Undefined:
+        """Return an undefined object for unsafe attributes."""
+        return self.undefined(
+            f"access to attribute {attribute!r} of"
+            f" {type(obj).__name__!r} object is unsafe.",
+            name=attribute,
+            obj=obj,
+            exc=SecurityError,
+        )
+
+    def format_string(
+        self,
+        s: str,
+        args: t.Tuple[t.Any, ...],
+        kwargs: t.Dict[str, t.Any],
+        format_func: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        """If a format call is detected, then this is routed through this
+        method so that our safety sandbox can be used for it.
+        """
+        formatter: SandboxedFormatter
+        if isinstance(s, Markup):
+            formatter = SandboxedEscapeFormatter(self, escape=s.escape)
+        else:
+            formatter = SandboxedFormatter(self)
+
+        if format_func is not None and format_func.__name__ == "format_map":
+            if len(args) != 1 or kwargs:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "format_map() takes exactly one argument"
+                    f" {len(args) + (kwargs is not None)} given"
+                )
+
+            kwargs = args[0]
+            args = ()
+
+        rv = formatter.vformat(s, args, kwargs)
+        return type(s)(rv)
+
+    def call(
+        __self,  # noqa: B902
+        __context: Context,
+        __obj: t.Any,
+        *args: t.Any,
+        **kwargs: t.Any,
+    ) -> t.Any:
+        """Call an object from sandboxed code."""
+        fmt = inspect_format_method(__obj)
+        if fmt is not None:
+            return __self.format_string(fmt, args, kwargs, __obj)
+
+        # the double prefixes are to avoid double keyword argument
+        # errors when proxying the call.
+        if not __self.is_safe_callable(__obj):
+            raise SecurityError(f"{__obj!r} is not safely callable")
+        return __context.call(__obj, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class ImmutableSandboxedEnvironment(SandboxedEnvironment):
+    """Works exactly like the regular `SandboxedEnvironment` but does not
+    permit modifications on the builtin mutable objects `list`, `set`, and
+    `dict` by using the :func:`modifies_known_mutable` function.
+    """
+
+    def is_safe_attribute(self, obj: t.Any, attr: str, value: t.Any) -> bool:
+        if not super().is_safe_attribute(obj, attr, value):
+            return False
+
+        return not modifies_known_mutable(obj, attr)
+
+
+class SandboxedFormatter(Formatter):
+    def __init__(self, env: Environment, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        self._env = env
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)  # type: ignore
+
+    def get_field(
+        self, field_name: str, args: t.Sequence[t.Any], kwargs: t.Mapping[str, t.Any]
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, str]:
+        first, rest = formatter_field_name_split(field_name)
+        obj = self.get_value(first, args, kwargs)
+        for is_attr, i in rest:
+            if is_attr:
+                obj = self._env.getattr(obj, i)
+            else:
+                obj = self._env.getitem(obj, i)
+        return obj, first
+
+
+class SandboxedEscapeFormatter(SandboxedFormatter, EscapeFormatter):
+    pass
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/tests.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/tests.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a467cf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/tests.py
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+"""Built-in template tests used with the ``is`` operator."""
+import operator
+import typing as t
+from collections import abc
+from numbers import Number
+
+from .runtime import Undefined
+from .utils import pass_environment
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .environment import Environment
+
+
+def test_odd(value: int) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the variable is odd."""
+    return value % 2 == 1
+
+
+def test_even(value: int) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the variable is even."""
+    return value % 2 == 0
+
+
+def test_divisibleby(value: int, num: int) -> bool:
+    """Check if a variable is divisible by a number."""
+    return value % num == 0
+
+
+def test_defined(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the variable is defined:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {% if variable is defined %}
+            value of variable: {{ variable }}
+        {% else %}
+            variable is not defined
+        {% endif %}
+
+    See the :func:`default` filter for a simple way to set undefined
+    variables.
+    """
+    return not isinstance(value, Undefined)
+
+
+def test_undefined(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Like :func:`defined` but the other way round."""
+    return isinstance(value, Undefined)
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def test_filter(env: "Environment", value: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if a filter exists by name. Useful if a filter may be
+    optionally available.
+
+    .. code-block:: jinja
+
+        {% if 'markdown' is filter %}
+            {{ value | markdown }}
+        {% else %}
+            {{ value }}
+        {% endif %}
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0
+    """
+    return value in env.filters
+
+
+@pass_environment
+def test_test(env: "Environment", value: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if a test exists by name. Useful if a test may be
+    optionally available.
+
+    .. code-block:: jinja
+
+        {% if 'loud' is test %}
+            {% if value is loud %}
+                {{ value|upper }}
+            {% else %}
+                {{ value|lower }}
+            {% endif %}
+        {% else %}
+            {{ value }}
+        {% endif %}
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0
+    """
+    return value in env.tests
+
+
+def test_none(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the variable is none."""
+    return value is None
+
+
+def test_boolean(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the object is a boolean value.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.11
+    """
+    return value is True or value is False
+
+
+def test_false(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the object is False.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.11
+    """
+    return value is False
+
+
+def test_true(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the object is True.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.11
+    """
+    return value is True
+
+
+# NOTE: The existing 'number' test matches booleans and floats
+def test_integer(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the object is an integer.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.11
+    """
+    return isinstance(value, int) and value is not True and value is not False
+
+
+# NOTE: The existing 'number' test matches booleans and integers
+def test_float(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the object is a float.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.11
+    """
+    return isinstance(value, float)
+
+
+def test_lower(value: str) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the variable is lowercased."""
+    return str(value).islower()
+
+
+def test_upper(value: str) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the variable is uppercased."""
+    return str(value).isupper()
+
+
+def test_string(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the object is a string."""
+    return isinstance(value, str)
+
+
+def test_mapping(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the object is a mapping (dict etc.).
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.6
+    """
+    return isinstance(value, abc.Mapping)
+
+
+def test_number(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the variable is a number."""
+    return isinstance(value, Number)
+
+
+def test_sequence(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the variable is a sequence. Sequences are variables
+    that are iterable.
+    """
+    try:
+        len(value)
+        value.__getitem__
+    except Exception:
+        return False
+
+    return True
+
+
+def test_sameas(value: t.Any, other: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if an object points to the same memory address than another
+    object:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: jinja
+
+        {% if foo.attribute is sameas false %}
+            the foo attribute really is the `False` singleton
+        {% endif %}
+    """
+    return value is other
+
+
+def test_iterable(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if it's possible to iterate over an object."""
+    try:
+        iter(value)
+    except TypeError:
+        return False
+
+    return True
+
+
+def test_escaped(value: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if the value is escaped."""
+    return hasattr(value, "__html__")
+
+
+def test_in(value: t.Any, seq: t.Container) -> bool:
+    """Check if value is in seq.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.10
+    """
+    return value in seq
+
+
+TESTS = {
+    "odd": test_odd,
+    "even": test_even,
+    "divisibleby": test_divisibleby,
+    "defined": test_defined,
+    "undefined": test_undefined,
+    "filter": test_filter,
+    "test": test_test,
+    "none": test_none,
+    "boolean": test_boolean,
+    "false": test_false,
+    "true": test_true,
+    "integer": test_integer,
+    "float": test_float,
+    "lower": test_lower,
+    "upper": test_upper,
+    "string": test_string,
+    "mapping": test_mapping,
+    "number": test_number,
+    "sequence": test_sequence,
+    "iterable": test_iterable,
+    "callable": callable,
+    "sameas": test_sameas,
+    "escaped": test_escaped,
+    "in": test_in,
+    "==": operator.eq,
+    "eq": operator.eq,
+    "equalto": operator.eq,
+    "!=": operator.ne,
+    "ne": operator.ne,
+    ">": operator.gt,
+    "gt": operator.gt,
+    "greaterthan": operator.gt,
+    "ge": operator.ge,
+    ">=": operator.ge,
+    "<": operator.lt,
+    "lt": operator.lt,
+    "lessthan": operator.lt,
+    "<=": operator.le,
+    "le": operator.le,
+}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/utils.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..567185f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,854 @@
+import enum
+import json
+import os
+import re
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from collections import abc
+from collections import deque
+from random import choice
+from random import randrange
+from threading import Lock
+from types import CodeType
+from urllib.parse import quote_from_bytes
+
+import markupsafe
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+
+# special singleton representing missing values for the runtime
+missing: t.Any = type("MissingType", (), {"__repr__": lambda x: "missing"})()
+
+internal_code: t.MutableSet[CodeType] = set()
+
+concat = "".join
+
+
+def pass_context(f: F) -> F:
+    """Pass the :class:`~jinja2.runtime.Context` as the first argument
+    to the decorated function when called while rendering a template.
+
+    Can be used on functions, filters, and tests.
+
+    If only ``Context.eval_context`` is needed, use
+    :func:`pass_eval_context`. If only ``Context.environment`` is
+    needed, use :func:`pass_environment`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0.0
+        Replaces ``contextfunction`` and ``contextfilter``.
+    """
+    f.jinja_pass_arg = _PassArg.context  # type: ignore
+    return f
+
+
+def pass_eval_context(f: F) -> F:
+    """Pass the :class:`~jinja2.nodes.EvalContext` as the first argument
+    to the decorated function when called while rendering a template.
+    See :ref:`eval-context`.
+
+    Can be used on functions, filters, and tests.
+
+    If only ``EvalContext.environment`` is needed, use
+    :func:`pass_environment`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0.0
+        Replaces ``evalcontextfunction`` and ``evalcontextfilter``.
+    """
+    f.jinja_pass_arg = _PassArg.eval_context  # type: ignore
+    return f
+
+
+def pass_environment(f: F) -> F:
+    """Pass the :class:`~jinja2.Environment` as the first argument to
+    the decorated function when called while rendering a template.
+
+    Can be used on functions, filters, and tests.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 3.0.0
+        Replaces ``environmentfunction`` and ``environmentfilter``.
+    """
+    f.jinja_pass_arg = _PassArg.environment  # type: ignore
+    return f
+
+
+class _PassArg(enum.Enum):
+    context = enum.auto()
+    eval_context = enum.auto()
+    environment = enum.auto()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_obj(cls, obj: F) -> t.Optional["_PassArg"]:
+        if hasattr(obj, "jinja_pass_arg"):
+            return obj.jinja_pass_arg  # type: ignore
+
+        for prefix in "context", "eval_context", "environment":
+            squashed = prefix.replace("_", "")
+
+            for name in f"{squashed}function", f"{squashed}filter":
+                if getattr(obj, name, False) is True:
+                    warnings.warn(
+                        f"{name!r} is deprecated and will stop working"
+                        f" in Jinja 3.1. Use 'pass_{prefix}' instead.",
+                        DeprecationWarning,
+                        stacklevel=2,
+                    )
+                    return cls[prefix]
+
+        return None
+
+
+def contextfunction(f: F) -> F:
+    """Pass the context as the first argument to the decorated function.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+        Will be removed in Jinja 3.1. Use :func:`~jinja2.pass_context`
+        instead.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'contextfunction' is renamed to 'pass_context', the old name"
+        " will be removed in Jinja 3.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return pass_context(f)
+
+
+def evalcontextfunction(f: F) -> F:
+    """Pass the eval context as the first argument to the decorated
+    function.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+        Will be removed in Jinja 3.1. Use
+        :func:`~jinja2.pass_eval_context` instead.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.4
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'evalcontextfunction' is renamed to 'pass_eval_context', the"
+        " old name will be removed in Jinja 3.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return pass_eval_context(f)
+
+
+def environmentfunction(f: F) -> F:
+    """Pass the environment as the first argument to the decorated
+    function.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+        Will be removed in Jinja 3.1. Use
+        :func:`~jinja2.pass_environment` instead.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'environmentfunction' is renamed to 'pass_environment', the"
+        " old name will be removed in Jinja 3.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return pass_environment(f)
+
+
+def internalcode(f: F) -> F:
+    """Marks the function as internally used"""
+    internal_code.add(f.__code__)
+    return f
+
+
+def is_undefined(obj: t.Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if the object passed is undefined.  This does nothing more than
+    performing an instance check against :class:`Undefined` but looks nicer.
+    This can be used for custom filters or tests that want to react to
+    undefined variables.  For example a custom default filter can look like
+    this::
+
+        def default(var, default=''):
+            if is_undefined(var):
+                return default
+            return var
+    """
+    from .runtime import Undefined
+
+    return isinstance(obj, Undefined)
+
+
+def consume(iterable: t.Iterable[t.Any]) -> None:
+    """Consumes an iterable without doing anything with it."""
+    for _ in iterable:
+        pass
+
+
+def clear_caches() -> None:
+    """Jinja keeps internal caches for environments and lexers.  These are
+    used so that Jinja doesn't have to recreate environments and lexers all
+    the time.  Normally you don't have to care about that but if you are
+    measuring memory consumption you may want to clean the caches.
+    """
+    from .environment import get_spontaneous_environment
+    from .lexer import _lexer_cache
+
+    get_spontaneous_environment.cache_clear()
+    _lexer_cache.clear()
+
+
+def import_string(import_name: str, silent: bool = False) -> t.Any:
+    """Imports an object based on a string.  This is useful if you want to
+    use import paths as endpoints or something similar.  An import path can
+    be specified either in dotted notation (``xml.sax.saxutils.escape``)
+    or with a colon as object delimiter (``xml.sax.saxutils:escape``).
+
+    If the `silent` is True the return value will be `None` if the import
+    fails.
+
+    :return: imported object
+    """
+    try:
+        if ":" in import_name:
+            module, obj = import_name.split(":", 1)
+        elif "." in import_name:
+            module, _, obj = import_name.rpartition(".")
+        else:
+            return __import__(import_name)
+        return getattr(__import__(module, None, None, [obj]), obj)
+    except (ImportError, AttributeError):
+        if not silent:
+            raise
+
+
+def open_if_exists(filename: str, mode: str = "rb") -> t.Optional[t.IO]:
+    """Returns a file descriptor for the filename if that file exists,
+    otherwise ``None``.
+    """
+    if not os.path.isfile(filename):
+        return None
+
+    return open(filename, mode)
+
+
+def object_type_repr(obj: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Returns the name of the object's type.  For some recognized
+    singletons the name of the object is returned instead. (For
+    example for `None` and `Ellipsis`).
+    """
+    if obj is None:
+        return "None"
+    elif obj is Ellipsis:
+        return "Ellipsis"
+
+    cls = type(obj)
+
+    if cls.__module__ == "builtins":
+        return f"{cls.__name__} object"
+
+    return f"{cls.__module__}.{cls.__name__} object"
+
+
+def pformat(obj: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Format an object using :func:`pprint.pformat`."""
+    from pprint import pformat  # type: ignore
+
+    return pformat(obj)
+
+
+_http_re = re.compile(
+    r"""
+    ^
+    (
+        (https?://|www\.)  # scheme or www
+        (([\w%-]+\.)+)?  # subdomain
+        (
+            [a-z]{2,63}  # basic tld
+        |
+            xn--[\w%]{2,59}  # idna tld
+        )
+    |
+        ([\w%-]{2,63}\.)+  # basic domain
+        (com|net|int|edu|gov|org|info|mil)  # basic tld
+    |
+        (https?://)  # scheme
+        (
+            (([\d]{1,3})(\.[\d]{1,3}){3})  # IPv4
+        |
+            (\[([\da-f]{0,4}:){2}([\da-f]{0,4}:?){1,6}])  # IPv6
+        )
+    )
+    (?::[\d]{1,5})?  # port
+    (?:[/?#]\S*)?  # path, query, and fragment
+    $
+    """,
+    re.IGNORECASE | re.VERBOSE,
+)
+_email_re = re.compile(r"^\S+@\w[\w.-]*\.\w+$")
+
+
+def urlize(
+    text: str,
+    trim_url_limit: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    rel: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    target: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    extra_schemes: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Convert URLs in text into clickable links.
+
+    This may not recognize links in some situations. Usually, a more
+    comprehensive formatter, such as a Markdown library, is a better
+    choice.
+
+    Works on ``http://``, ``https://``, ``www.``, ``mailto:``, and email
+    addresses. Links with trailing punctuation (periods, commas, closing
+    parentheses) and leading punctuation (opening parentheses) are
+    recognized excluding the punctuation. Email addresses that include
+    header fields are not recognized (for example,
+    ``mailto:address@example.com?cc=copy@example.com``).
+
+    :param text: Original text containing URLs to link.
+    :param trim_url_limit: Shorten displayed URL values to this length.
+    :param target: Add the ``target`` attribute to links.
+    :param rel: Add the ``rel`` attribute to links.
+    :param extra_schemes: Recognize URLs that start with these schemes
+        in addition to the default behavior.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        The ``extra_schemes`` parameter was added.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        Generate ``https://`` links for URLs without a scheme.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        The parsing rules were updated. Recognize email addresses with
+        or without the ``mailto:`` scheme. Validate IP addresses. Ignore
+        parentheses and brackets in more cases.
+    """
+    if trim_url_limit is not None:
+
+        def trim_url(x: str) -> str:
+            if len(x) > trim_url_limit:  # type: ignore
+                return f"{x[:trim_url_limit]}..."
+
+            return x
+
+    else:
+
+        def trim_url(x: str) -> str:
+            return x
+
+    words = re.split(r"(\s+)", str(markupsafe.escape(text)))
+    rel_attr = f' rel="{markupsafe.escape(rel)}"' if rel else ""
+    target_attr = f' target="{markupsafe.escape(target)}"' if target else ""
+
+    for i, word in enumerate(words):
+        head, middle, tail = "", word, ""
+        match = re.match(r"^([(<]|&lt;)+", middle)
+
+        if match:
+            head = match.group()
+            middle = middle[match.end() :]
+
+        # Unlike lead, which is anchored to the start of the string,
+        # need to check that the string ends with any of the characters
+        # before trying to match all of them, to avoid backtracking.
+        if middle.endswith((")", ">", ".", ",", "\n", "&gt;")):
+            match = re.search(r"([)>.,\n]|&gt;)+$", middle)
+
+            if match:
+                tail = match.group()
+                middle = middle[: match.start()]
+
+        # Prefer balancing parentheses in URLs instead of ignoring a
+        # trailing character.
+        for start_char, end_char in ("(", ")"), ("<", ">"), ("&lt;", "&gt;"):
+            start_count = middle.count(start_char)
+
+            if start_count <= middle.count(end_char):
+                # Balanced, or lighter on the left
+                continue
+
+            # Move as many as possible from the tail to balance
+            for _ in range(min(start_count, tail.count(end_char))):
+                end_index = tail.index(end_char) + len(end_char)
+                # Move anything in the tail before the end char too
+                middle += tail[:end_index]
+                tail = tail[end_index:]
+
+        if _http_re.match(middle):
+            if middle.startswith("https://") or middle.startswith("http://"):
+                middle = (
+                    f'<a href="{middle}"{rel_attr}{target_attr}>{trim_url(middle)}</a>'
+                )
+            else:
+                middle = (
+                    f'<a href="https://{middle}"{rel_attr}{target_attr}>'
+                    f"{trim_url(middle)}</a>"
+                )
+
+        elif middle.startswith("mailto:") and _email_re.match(middle[7:]):
+            middle = f'<a href="{middle}">{middle[7:]}</a>'
+
+        elif (
+            "@" in middle
+            and not middle.startswith("www.")
+            and ":" not in middle
+            and _email_re.match(middle)
+        ):
+            middle = f'<a href="mailto:{middle}">{middle}</a>'
+
+        elif extra_schemes is not None:
+            for scheme in extra_schemes:
+                if middle != scheme and middle.startswith(scheme):
+                    middle = f'<a href="{middle}"{rel_attr}{target_attr}>{middle}</a>'
+
+        words[i] = f"{head}{middle}{tail}"
+
+    return "".join(words)
+
+
+def generate_lorem_ipsum(
+    n: int = 5, html: bool = True, min: int = 20, max: int = 100
+) -> str:
+    """Generate some lorem ipsum for the template."""
+    from .constants import LOREM_IPSUM_WORDS
+
+    words = LOREM_IPSUM_WORDS.split()
+    result = []
+
+    for _ in range(n):
+        next_capitalized = True
+        last_comma = last_fullstop = 0
+        word = None
+        last = None
+        p = []
+
+        # each paragraph contains out of 20 to 100 words.
+        for idx, _ in enumerate(range(randrange(min, max))):
+            while True:
+                word = choice(words)
+                if word != last:
+                    last = word
+                    break
+            if next_capitalized:
+                word = word.capitalize()
+                next_capitalized = False
+            # add commas
+            if idx - randrange(3, 8) > last_comma:
+                last_comma = idx
+                last_fullstop += 2
+                word += ","
+            # add end of sentences
+            if idx - randrange(10, 20) > last_fullstop:
+                last_comma = last_fullstop = idx
+                word += "."
+                next_capitalized = True
+            p.append(word)
+
+        # ensure that the paragraph ends with a dot.
+        p_str = " ".join(p)
+
+        if p_str.endswith(","):
+            p_str = p_str[:-1] + "."
+        elif not p_str.endswith("."):
+            p_str += "."
+
+        result.append(p_str)
+
+    if not html:
+        return "\n\n".join(result)
+    return markupsafe.Markup(
+        "\n".join(f"<p>{markupsafe.escape(x)}</p>" for x in result)
+    )
+
+
+def url_quote(obj: t.Any, charset: str = "utf-8", for_qs: bool = False) -> str:
+    """Quote a string for use in a URL using the given charset.
+
+    :param obj: String or bytes to quote. Other types are converted to
+        string then encoded to bytes using the given charset.
+    :param charset: Encode text to bytes using this charset.
+    :param for_qs: Quote "/" and use "+" for spaces.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(obj, bytes):
+        if not isinstance(obj, str):
+            obj = str(obj)
+
+        obj = obj.encode(charset)
+
+    safe = b"" if for_qs else b"/"
+    rv = quote_from_bytes(obj, safe)
+
+    if for_qs:
+        rv = rv.replace("%20", "+")
+
+    return rv
+
+
+def unicode_urlencode(obj: t.Any, charset: str = "utf-8", for_qs: bool = False) -> str:
+    import warnings
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'unicode_urlencode' has been renamed to 'url_quote'. The old"
+        " name will be removed in Jinja 3.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return url_quote(obj, charset=charset, for_qs=for_qs)
+
+
+@abc.MutableMapping.register
+class LRUCache:
+    """A simple LRU Cache implementation."""
+
+    # this is fast for small capacities (something below 1000) but doesn't
+    # scale.  But as long as it's only used as storage for templates this
+    # won't do any harm.
+
+    def __init__(self, capacity: int) -> None:
+        self.capacity = capacity
+        self._mapping: t.Dict[t.Any, t.Any] = {}
+        self._queue: "te.Deque[t.Any]" = deque()
+        self._postinit()
+
+    def _postinit(self) -> None:
+        # alias all queue methods for faster lookup
+        self._popleft = self._queue.popleft
+        self._pop = self._queue.pop
+        self._remove = self._queue.remove
+        self._wlock = Lock()
+        self._append = self._queue.append
+
+    def __getstate__(self) -> t.Mapping[str, t.Any]:
+        return {
+            "capacity": self.capacity,
+            "_mapping": self._mapping,
+            "_queue": self._queue,
+        }
+
+    def __setstate__(self, d: t.Mapping[str, t.Any]) -> None:
+        self.__dict__.update(d)
+        self._postinit()
+
+    def __getnewargs__(self) -> t.Tuple:
+        return (self.capacity,)
+
+    def copy(self) -> "LRUCache":
+        """Return a shallow copy of the instance."""
+        rv = self.__class__(self.capacity)
+        rv._mapping.update(self._mapping)
+        rv._queue.extend(self._queue)
+        return rv
+
+    def get(self, key: t.Any, default: t.Any = None) -> t.Any:
+        """Return an item from the cache dict or `default`"""
+        try:
+            return self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            return default
+
+    def setdefault(self, key: t.Any, default: t.Any = None) -> t.Any:
+        """Set `default` if the key is not in the cache otherwise
+        leave unchanged. Return the value of this key.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            self[key] = default
+            return default
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        """Clear the cache."""
+        with self._wlock:
+            self._mapping.clear()
+            self._queue.clear()
+
+    def __contains__(self, key: t.Any) -> bool:
+        """Check if a key exists in this cache."""
+        return key in self._mapping
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        """Return the current size of the cache."""
+        return len(self._mapping)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self._mapping!r}>"
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Get an item from the cache. Moves the item up so that it has the
+        highest priority then.
+
+        Raise a `KeyError` if it does not exist.
+        """
+        with self._wlock:
+            rv = self._mapping[key]
+
+            if self._queue[-1] != key:
+                try:
+                    self._remove(key)
+                except ValueError:
+                    # if something removed the key from the container
+                    # when we read, ignore the ValueError that we would
+                    # get otherwise.
+                    pass
+
+                self._append(key)
+
+            return rv
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: t.Any, value: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Sets the value for an item. Moves the item up so that it
+        has the highest priority then.
+        """
+        with self._wlock:
+            if key in self._mapping:
+                self._remove(key)
+            elif len(self._mapping) == self.capacity:
+                del self._mapping[self._popleft()]
+
+            self._append(key)
+            self._mapping[key] = value
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key: t.Any) -> None:
+        """Remove an item from the cache dict.
+        Raise a `KeyError` if it does not exist.
+        """
+        with self._wlock:
+            del self._mapping[key]
+
+            try:
+                self._remove(key)
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+
+    def items(self) -> t.Iterable[t.Tuple[t.Any, t.Any]]:
+        """Return a list of items."""
+        result = [(key, self._mapping[key]) for key in list(self._queue)]
+        result.reverse()
+        return result
+
+    def values(self) -> t.Iterable[t.Any]:
+        """Return a list of all values."""
+        return [x[1] for x in self.items()]
+
+    def keys(self) -> t.Iterable[t.Any]:
+        """Return a list of all keys ordered by most recent usage."""
+        return list(self)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.Any]:
+        return reversed(tuple(self._queue))
+
+    def __reversed__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.Any]:
+        """Iterate over the keys in the cache dict, oldest items
+        coming first.
+        """
+        return iter(tuple(self._queue))
+
+    __copy__ = copy
+
+
+def select_autoescape(
+    enabled_extensions: t.Collection[str] = ("html", "htm", "xml"),
+    disabled_extensions: t.Collection[str] = (),
+    default_for_string: bool = True,
+    default: bool = False,
+) -> t.Callable[[t.Optional[str]], bool]:
+    """Intelligently sets the initial value of autoescaping based on the
+    filename of the template.  This is the recommended way to configure
+    autoescaping if you do not want to write a custom function yourself.
+
+    If you want to enable it for all templates created from strings or
+    for all templates with `.html` and `.xml` extensions::
+
+        from jinja2 import Environment, select_autoescape
+        env = Environment(autoescape=select_autoescape(
+            enabled_extensions=('html', 'xml'),
+            default_for_string=True,
+        ))
+
+    Example configuration to turn it on at all times except if the template
+    ends with `.txt`::
+
+        from jinja2 import Environment, select_autoescape
+        env = Environment(autoescape=select_autoescape(
+            disabled_extensions=('txt',),
+            default_for_string=True,
+            default=True,
+        ))
+
+    The `enabled_extensions` is an iterable of all the extensions that
+    autoescaping should be enabled for.  Likewise `disabled_extensions` is
+    a list of all templates it should be disabled for.  If a template is
+    loaded from a string then the default from `default_for_string` is used.
+    If nothing matches then the initial value of autoescaping is set to the
+    value of `default`.
+
+    For security reasons this function operates case insensitive.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.9
+    """
+    enabled_patterns = tuple(f".{x.lstrip('.').lower()}" for x in enabled_extensions)
+    disabled_patterns = tuple(f".{x.lstrip('.').lower()}" for x in disabled_extensions)
+
+    def autoescape(template_name: t.Optional[str]) -> bool:
+        if template_name is None:
+            return default_for_string
+        template_name = template_name.lower()
+        if template_name.endswith(enabled_patterns):
+            return True
+        if template_name.endswith(disabled_patterns):
+            return False
+        return default
+
+    return autoescape
+
+
+def htmlsafe_json_dumps(
+    obj: t.Any, dumps: t.Optional[t.Callable[..., str]] = None, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> markupsafe.Markup:
+    """Serialize an object to a string of JSON with :func:`json.dumps`,
+    then replace HTML-unsafe characters with Unicode escapes and mark
+    the result safe with :class:`~markupsafe.Markup`.
+
+    This is available in templates as the ``|tojson`` filter.
+
+    The following characters are escaped: ``<``, ``>``, ``&``, ``'``.
+
+    The returned string is safe to render in HTML documents and
+    ``<script>`` tags. The exception is in HTML attributes that are
+    double quoted; either use single quotes or the ``|forceescape``
+    filter.
+
+    :param obj: The object to serialize to JSON.
+    :param dumps: The ``dumps`` function to use. Defaults to
+        ``env.policies["json.dumps_function"]``, which defaults to
+        :func:`json.dumps`.
+    :param kwargs: Extra arguments to pass to ``dumps``. Merged onto
+        ``env.policies["json.dumps_kwargs"]``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+        The ``dumper`` parameter is renamed to ``dumps``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.9
+    """
+    if dumps is None:
+        dumps = json.dumps
+
+    return markupsafe.Markup(
+        dumps(obj, **kwargs)
+        .replace("<", "\\u003c")
+        .replace(">", "\\u003e")
+        .replace("&", "\\u0026")
+        .replace("'", "\\u0027")
+    )
+
+
+class Cycler:
+    """Cycle through values by yield them one at a time, then restarting
+    once the end is reached. Available as ``cycler`` in templates.
+
+    Similar to ``loop.cycle``, but can be used outside loops or across
+    multiple loops. For example, render a list of folders and files in a
+    list, alternating giving them "odd" and "even" classes.
+
+    .. code-block:: html+jinja
+
+        {% set row_class = cycler("odd", "even") %}
+        <ul class="browser">
+        {% for folder in folders %}
+          <li class="folder {{ row_class.next() }}">{{ folder }}
+        {% endfor %}
+        {% for file in files %}
+          <li class="file {{ row_class.next() }}">{{ file }}
+        {% endfor %}
+        </ul>
+
+    :param items: Each positional argument will be yielded in the order
+        given for each cycle.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.1
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *items: t.Any) -> None:
+        if not items:
+            raise RuntimeError("at least one item has to be provided")
+        self.items = items
+        self.pos = 0
+
+    def reset(self) -> None:
+        """Resets the current item to the first item."""
+        self.pos = 0
+
+    @property
+    def current(self) -> t.Any:
+        """Return the current item. Equivalent to the item that will be
+        returned next time :meth:`next` is called.
+        """
+        return self.items[self.pos]
+
+    def next(self) -> t.Any:
+        """Return the current item, then advance :attr:`current` to the
+        next item.
+        """
+        rv = self.current
+        self.pos = (self.pos + 1) % len(self.items)
+        return rv
+
+    __next__ = next
+
+
+class Joiner:
+    """A joining helper for templates."""
+
+    def __init__(self, sep: str = ", ") -> None:
+        self.sep = sep
+        self.used = False
+
+    def __call__(self) -> str:
+        if not self.used:
+            self.used = True
+            return ""
+        return self.sep
+
+
+class Namespace:
+    """A namespace object that can hold arbitrary attributes.  It may be
+    initialized from a dictionary or with keyword arguments."""
+
+    def __init__(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:  # noqa: B902
+        self, args = args[0], args[1:]
+        self.__attrs = dict(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __getattribute__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        # __class__ is needed for the awaitable check in async mode
+        if name in {"_Namespace__attrs", "__class__"}:
+            return object.__getattribute__(self, name)
+        try:
+            return self.__attrs[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name) from None
+
+    def __setitem__(self, name: str, value: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.__attrs[name] = value
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Namespace {self.__attrs!r}>"
+
+
+class Markup(markupsafe.Markup):
+    def __new__(cls, base="", encoding=None, errors="strict"):  # type: ignore
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'jinja2.Markup' is deprecated and will be removed in Jinja"
+            " 3.1. Import 'markupsafe.Markup' instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return super().__new__(cls, base, encoding, errors)
+
+
+def escape(s: t.Any) -> str:
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'jinja2.escape' is deprecated and will be removed in Jinja"
+        " 3.1. Import 'markupsafe.escape' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return markupsafe.escape(s)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/visitor.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/visitor.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b150e57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/jinja2/visitor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+"""API for traversing the AST nodes. Implemented by the compiler and
+meta introspection.
+"""
+import typing as t
+
+from .nodes import Node
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+
+    class VisitCallable(te.Protocol):
+        def __call__(self, node: Node, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+            ...
+
+
+class NodeVisitor:
+    """Walks the abstract syntax tree and call visitor functions for every
+    node found.  The visitor functions may return values which will be
+    forwarded by the `visit` method.
+
+    Per default the visitor functions for the nodes are ``'visit_'`` +
+    class name of the node.  So a `TryFinally` node visit function would
+    be `visit_TryFinally`.  This behavior can be changed by overriding
+    the `get_visitor` function.  If no visitor function exists for a node
+    (return value `None`) the `generic_visit` visitor is used instead.
+    """
+
+    def get_visitor(self, node: Node) -> "t.Optional[VisitCallable]":
+        """Return the visitor function for this node or `None` if no visitor
+        exists for this node.  In that case the generic visit function is
+        used instead.
+        """
+        return getattr(self, f"visit_{type(node).__name__}", None)  # type: ignore
+
+    def visit(self, node: Node, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Visit a node."""
+        f = self.get_visitor(node)
+
+        if f is not None:
+            return f(node, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        return self.generic_visit(node, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def generic_visit(self, node: Node, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Called if no explicit visitor function exists for a node."""
+        for node in node.iter_child_nodes():
+            self.visit(node, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class NodeTransformer(NodeVisitor):
+    """Walks the abstract syntax tree and allows modifications of nodes.
+
+    The `NodeTransformer` will walk the AST and use the return value of the
+    visitor functions to replace or remove the old node.  If the return
+    value of the visitor function is `None` the node will be removed
+    from the previous location otherwise it's replaced with the return
+    value.  The return value may be the original node in which case no
+    replacement takes place.
+    """
+
+    def generic_visit(self, node: Node, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> Node:
+        for field, old_value in node.iter_fields():
+            if isinstance(old_value, list):
+                new_values = []
+                for value in old_value:
+                    if isinstance(value, Node):
+                        value = self.visit(value, *args, **kwargs)
+                        if value is None:
+                            continue
+                        elif not isinstance(value, Node):
+                            new_values.extend(value)
+                            continue
+                    new_values.append(value)
+                old_value[:] = new_values
+            elif isinstance(old_value, Node):
+                new_node = self.visit(old_value, *args, **kwargs)
+                if new_node is None:
+                    delattr(node, field)
+                else:
+                    setattr(node, field, new_node)
+        return node
+
+    def visit_list(self, node: Node, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.List[Node]:
+        """As transformers may return lists in some places this method
+        can be used to enforce a list as return value.
+        """
+        rv = self.visit(node, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        if not isinstance(rv, list):
+            return [rv]
+
+        return rv
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d331ac3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+import functools
+import re
+import string
+import typing as t
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+
+    class HasHTML(te.Protocol):
+        def __html__(self) -> str:
+            pass
+
+
+__version__ = "2.0.1"
+
+_striptags_re = re.compile(r"(<!--.*?-->|<[^>]*>)")
+
+
+def _simple_escaping_wrapper(name: str) -> t.Callable[..., "Markup"]:
+    orig = getattr(str, name)
+
+    @functools.wraps(orig)
+    def wrapped(self: "Markup", *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "Markup":
+        args = _escape_argspec(list(args), enumerate(args), self.escape)  # type: ignore
+        _escape_argspec(kwargs, kwargs.items(), self.escape)
+        return self.__class__(orig(self, *args, **kwargs))
+
+    return wrapped
+
+
+class Markup(str):
+    """A string that is ready to be safely inserted into an HTML or XML
+    document, either because it was escaped or because it was marked
+    safe.
+
+    Passing an object to the constructor converts it to text and wraps
+    it to mark it safe without escaping. To escape the text, use the
+    :meth:`escape` class method instead.
+
+    >>> Markup("Hello, <em>World</em>!")
+    Markup('Hello, <em>World</em>!')
+    >>> Markup(42)
+    Markup('42')
+    >>> Markup.escape("Hello, <em>World</em>!")
+    Markup('Hello &lt;em&gt;World&lt;/em&gt;!')
+
+    This implements the ``__html__()`` interface that some frameworks
+    use. Passing an object that implements ``__html__()`` will wrap the
+    output of that method, marking it safe.
+
+    >>> class Foo:
+    ...     def __html__(self):
+    ...         return '<a href="/foo">foo</a>'
+    ...
+    >>> Markup(Foo())
+    Markup('<a href="/foo">foo</a>')
+
+    This is a subclass of :class:`str`. It has the same methods, but
+    escapes their arguments and returns a ``Markup`` instance.
+
+    >>> Markup("<em>%s</em>") % ("foo & bar",)
+    Markup('<em>foo &amp; bar</em>')
+    >>> Markup("<em>Hello</em> ") + "<foo>"
+    Markup('<em>Hello</em> &lt;foo&gt;')
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls, base: t.Any = "", encoding: t.Optional[str] = None, errors: str = "strict"
+    ) -> "Markup":
+        if hasattr(base, "__html__"):
+            base = base.__html__()
+
+        if encoding is None:
+            return super().__new__(cls, base)
+
+        return super().__new__(cls, base, encoding, errors)
+
+    def __html__(self) -> "Markup":
+        return self
+
+    def __add__(self, other: t.Union[str, "HasHTML"]) -> "Markup":
+        if isinstance(other, str) or hasattr(other, "__html__"):
+            return self.__class__(super().__add__(self.escape(other)))
+
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    def __radd__(self, other: t.Union[str, "HasHTML"]) -> "Markup":
+        if isinstance(other, str) or hasattr(other, "__html__"):
+            return self.escape(other).__add__(self)
+
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    def __mul__(self, num: int) -> "Markup":
+        if isinstance(num, int):
+            return self.__class__(super().__mul__(num))
+
+        return NotImplemented  # type: ignore
+
+    __rmul__ = __mul__
+
+    def __mod__(self, arg: t.Any) -> "Markup":
+        if isinstance(arg, tuple):
+            arg = tuple(_MarkupEscapeHelper(x, self.escape) for x in arg)
+        else:
+            arg = _MarkupEscapeHelper(arg, self.escape)
+
+        return self.__class__(super().__mod__(arg))
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"{self.__class__.__name__}({super().__repr__()})"
+
+    def join(self, seq: t.Iterable[t.Union[str, "HasHTML"]]) -> "Markup":
+        return self.__class__(super().join(map(self.escape, seq)))
+
+    join.__doc__ = str.join.__doc__
+
+    def split(  # type: ignore
+        self, sep: t.Optional[str] = None, maxsplit: int = -1
+    ) -> t.List["Markup"]:
+        return [self.__class__(v) for v in super().split(sep, maxsplit)]
+
+    split.__doc__ = str.split.__doc__
+
+    def rsplit(  # type: ignore
+        self, sep: t.Optional[str] = None, maxsplit: int = -1
+    ) -> t.List["Markup"]:
+        return [self.__class__(v) for v in super().rsplit(sep, maxsplit)]
+
+    rsplit.__doc__ = str.rsplit.__doc__
+
+    def splitlines(self, keepends: bool = False) -> t.List["Markup"]:  # type: ignore
+        return [self.__class__(v) for v in super().splitlines(keepends)]
+
+    splitlines.__doc__ = str.splitlines.__doc__
+
+    def unescape(self) -> str:
+        """Convert escaped markup back into a text string. This replaces
+        HTML entities with the characters they represent.
+
+        >>> Markup("Main &raquo; <em>About</em>").unescape()
+        'Main » <em>About</em>'
+        """
+        from html import unescape
+
+        return unescape(str(self))
+
+    def striptags(self) -> str:
+        """:meth:`unescape` the markup, remove tags, and normalize
+        whitespace to single spaces.
+
+        >>> Markup("Main &raquo;\t<em>About</em>").striptags()
+        'Main » About'
+        """
+        stripped = " ".join(_striptags_re.sub("", self).split())
+        return Markup(stripped).unescape()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def escape(cls, s: t.Any) -> "Markup":
+        """Escape a string. Calls :func:`escape` and ensures that for
+        subclasses the correct type is returned.
+        """
+        rv = escape(s)
+
+        if rv.__class__ is not cls:
+            return cls(rv)
+
+        return rv
+
+    for method in (
+        "__getitem__",
+        "capitalize",
+        "title",
+        "lower",
+        "upper",
+        "replace",
+        "ljust",
+        "rjust",
+        "lstrip",
+        "rstrip",
+        "center",
+        "strip",
+        "translate",
+        "expandtabs",
+        "swapcase",
+        "zfill",
+    ):
+        locals()[method] = _simple_escaping_wrapper(method)
+
+    del method
+
+    def partition(self, sep: str) -> t.Tuple["Markup", "Markup", "Markup"]:
+        l, s, r = super().partition(self.escape(sep))
+        cls = self.__class__
+        return cls(l), cls(s), cls(r)
+
+    def rpartition(self, sep: str) -> t.Tuple["Markup", "Markup", "Markup"]:
+        l, s, r = super().rpartition(self.escape(sep))
+        cls = self.__class__
+        return cls(l), cls(s), cls(r)
+
+    def format(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "Markup":
+        formatter = EscapeFormatter(self.escape)
+        return self.__class__(formatter.vformat(self, args, kwargs))
+
+    def __html_format__(self, format_spec: str) -> "Markup":
+        if format_spec:
+            raise ValueError("Unsupported format specification for Markup.")
+
+        return self
+
+
+class EscapeFormatter(string.Formatter):
+    __slots__ = ("escape",)
+
+    def __init__(self, escape: t.Callable[[t.Any], Markup]) -> None:
+        self.escape = escape
+        super().__init__()
+
+    def format_field(self, value: t.Any, format_spec: str) -> str:
+        if hasattr(value, "__html_format__"):
+            rv = value.__html_format__(format_spec)
+        elif hasattr(value, "__html__"):
+            if format_spec:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Format specifier {format_spec} given, but {type(value)} does not"
+                    " define __html_format__. A class that defines __html__ must define"
+                    " __html_format__ to work with format specifiers."
+                )
+            rv = value.__html__()
+        else:
+            # We need to make sure the format spec is str here as
+            # otherwise the wrong callback methods are invoked.
+            rv = string.Formatter.format_field(self, value, str(format_spec))
+        return str(self.escape(rv))
+
+
+_ListOrDict = t.TypeVar("_ListOrDict", list, dict)
+
+
+def _escape_argspec(
+    obj: _ListOrDict, iterable: t.Iterable[t.Any], escape: t.Callable[[t.Any], Markup]
+) -> _ListOrDict:
+    """Helper for various string-wrapped functions."""
+    for key, value in iterable:
+        if isinstance(value, str) or hasattr(value, "__html__"):
+            obj[key] = escape(value)
+
+    return obj
+
+
+class _MarkupEscapeHelper:
+    """Helper for :meth:`Markup.__mod__`."""
+
+    __slots__ = ("obj", "escape")
+
+    def __init__(self, obj: t.Any, escape: t.Callable[[t.Any], Markup]) -> None:
+        self.obj = obj
+        self.escape = escape
+
+    def __getitem__(self, item: t.Any) -> "_MarkupEscapeHelper":
+        return _MarkupEscapeHelper(self.obj[item], self.escape)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.escape(self.obj))
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return str(self.escape(repr(self.obj)))
+
+    def __int__(self) -> int:
+        return int(self.obj)
+
+    def __float__(self) -> float:
+        return float(self.obj)
+
+
+# circular import
+try:
+    from ._speedups import escape as escape
+    from ._speedups import escape_silent as escape_silent
+    from ._speedups import soft_str as soft_str
+    from ._speedups import soft_unicode
+except ImportError:
+    from ._native import escape as escape
+    from ._native import escape_silent as escape_silent  # noqa: F401
+    from ._native import soft_str as soft_str  # noqa: F401
+    from ._native import soft_unicode  # noqa: F401
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/__pycache__/_native.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/__pycache__/_native.cpython-37.pyc
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_native.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_native.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f7eb7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_native.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import typing as t
+
+from . import Markup
+
+
+def escape(s: t.Any) -> Markup:
+    """Replace the characters ``&``, ``<``, ``>``, ``'``, and ``"`` in
+    the string with HTML-safe sequences. Use this if you need to display
+    text that might contain such characters in HTML.
+
+    If the object has an ``__html__`` method, it is called and the
+    return value is assumed to already be safe for HTML.
+
+    :param s: An object to be converted to a string and escaped.
+    :return: A :class:`Markup` string with the escaped text.
+    """
+    if hasattr(s, "__html__"):
+        return Markup(s.__html__())
+
+    return Markup(
+        str(s)
+        .replace("&", "&amp;")
+        .replace(">", "&gt;")
+        .replace("<", "&lt;")
+        .replace("'", "&#39;")
+        .replace('"', "&#34;")
+    )
+
+
+def escape_silent(s: t.Optional[t.Any]) -> Markup:
+    """Like :func:`escape` but treats ``None`` as the empty string.
+    Useful with optional values, as otherwise you get the string
+    ``'None'`` when the value is ``None``.
+
+    >>> escape(None)
+    Markup('None')
+    >>> escape_silent(None)
+    Markup('')
+    """
+    if s is None:
+        return Markup()
+
+    return escape(s)
+
+
+def soft_str(s: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Convert an object to a string if it isn't already. This preserves
+    a :class:`Markup` string rather than converting it back to a basic
+    string, so it will still be marked as safe and won't be escaped
+    again.
+
+    >>> value = escape("<User 1>")
+    >>> value
+    Markup('&lt;User 1&gt;')
+    >>> escape(str(value))
+    Markup('&amp;lt;User 1&amp;gt;')
+    >>> escape(soft_str(value))
+    Markup('&lt;User 1&gt;')
+    """
+    if not isinstance(s, str):
+        return str(s)
+
+    return s
+
+
+def soft_unicode(s: t.Any) -> str:
+    import warnings
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'soft_unicode' has been renamed to 'soft_str'. The old name"
+        " will be removed in MarkupSafe 2.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return soft_str(s)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_speedups.c b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_speedups.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44967b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_speedups.c
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+#include <Python.h>
+
+static PyObject* markup;
+
+static int
+init_constants(void)
+{
+	PyObject *module;
+
+	/* import markup type so that we can mark the return value */
+	module = PyImport_ImportModule("markupsafe");
+	if (!module)
+		return 0;
+	markup = PyObject_GetAttrString(module, "Markup");
+	Py_DECREF(module);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+#define GET_DELTA(inp, inp_end, delta) \
+	while (inp < inp_end) { \
+		switch (*inp++) { \
+		case '"': \
+		case '\'': \
+		case '&': \
+			delta += 4; \
+			break; \
+		case '<': \
+		case '>': \
+			delta += 3; \
+			break; \
+		} \
+	}
+
+#define DO_ESCAPE(inp, inp_end, outp) \
+	{ \
+		Py_ssize_t ncopy = 0; \
+		while (inp < inp_end) { \
+			switch (*inp) { \
+			case '"': \
+				memcpy(outp, inp-ncopy, sizeof(*outp)*ncopy); \
+				outp += ncopy; ncopy = 0; \
+				*outp++ = '&'; \
+				*outp++ = '#'; \
+				*outp++ = '3'; \
+				*outp++ = '4'; \
+				*outp++ = ';'; \
+				break; \
+			case '\'': \
+				memcpy(outp, inp-ncopy, sizeof(*outp)*ncopy); \
+				outp += ncopy; ncopy = 0; \
+				*outp++ = '&'; \
+				*outp++ = '#'; \
+				*outp++ = '3'; \
+				*outp++ = '9'; \
+				*outp++ = ';'; \
+				break; \
+			case '&': \
+				memcpy(outp, inp-ncopy, sizeof(*outp)*ncopy); \
+				outp += ncopy; ncopy = 0; \
+				*outp++ = '&'; \
+				*outp++ = 'a'; \
+				*outp++ = 'm'; \
+				*outp++ = 'p'; \
+				*outp++ = ';'; \
+				break; \
+			case '<': \
+				memcpy(outp, inp-ncopy, sizeof(*outp)*ncopy); \
+				outp += ncopy; ncopy = 0; \
+				*outp++ = '&'; \
+				*outp++ = 'l'; \
+				*outp++ = 't'; \
+				*outp++ = ';'; \
+				break; \
+			case '>': \
+				memcpy(outp, inp-ncopy, sizeof(*outp)*ncopy); \
+				outp += ncopy; ncopy = 0; \
+				*outp++ = '&'; \
+				*outp++ = 'g'; \
+				*outp++ = 't'; \
+				*outp++ = ';'; \
+				break; \
+			default: \
+				ncopy++; \
+			} \
+			inp++; \
+		} \
+		memcpy(outp, inp-ncopy, sizeof(*outp)*ncopy); \
+	}
+
+static PyObject*
+escape_unicode_kind1(PyUnicodeObject *in)
+{
+	Py_UCS1 *inp = PyUnicode_1BYTE_DATA(in);
+	Py_UCS1 *inp_end = inp + PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(in);
+	Py_UCS1 *outp;
+	PyObject *out;
+	Py_ssize_t delta = 0;
+
+	GET_DELTA(inp, inp_end, delta);
+	if (!delta) {
+		Py_INCREF(in);
+		return (PyObject*)in;
+	}
+
+	out = PyUnicode_New(PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(in) + delta,
+						PyUnicode_IS_ASCII(in) ? 127 : 255);
+	if (!out)
+		return NULL;
+
+	inp = PyUnicode_1BYTE_DATA(in);
+	outp = PyUnicode_1BYTE_DATA(out);
+	DO_ESCAPE(inp, inp_end, outp);
+	return out;
+}
+
+static PyObject*
+escape_unicode_kind2(PyUnicodeObject *in)
+{
+	Py_UCS2 *inp = PyUnicode_2BYTE_DATA(in);
+	Py_UCS2 *inp_end = inp + PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(in);
+	Py_UCS2 *outp;
+	PyObject *out;
+	Py_ssize_t delta = 0;
+
+	GET_DELTA(inp, inp_end, delta);
+	if (!delta) {
+		Py_INCREF(in);
+		return (PyObject*)in;
+	}
+
+	out = PyUnicode_New(PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(in) + delta, 65535);
+	if (!out)
+		return NULL;
+
+	inp = PyUnicode_2BYTE_DATA(in);
+	outp = PyUnicode_2BYTE_DATA(out);
+	DO_ESCAPE(inp, inp_end, outp);
+	return out;
+}
+
+
+static PyObject*
+escape_unicode_kind4(PyUnicodeObject *in)
+{
+	Py_UCS4 *inp = PyUnicode_4BYTE_DATA(in);
+	Py_UCS4 *inp_end = inp + PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(in);
+	Py_UCS4 *outp;
+	PyObject *out;
+	Py_ssize_t delta = 0;
+
+	GET_DELTA(inp, inp_end, delta);
+	if (!delta) {
+		Py_INCREF(in);
+		return (PyObject*)in;
+	}
+
+	out = PyUnicode_New(PyUnicode_GET_LENGTH(in) + delta, 1114111);
+	if (!out)
+		return NULL;
+
+	inp = PyUnicode_4BYTE_DATA(in);
+	outp = PyUnicode_4BYTE_DATA(out);
+	DO_ESCAPE(inp, inp_end, outp);
+	return out;
+}
+
+static PyObject*
+escape_unicode(PyUnicodeObject *in)
+{
+	if (PyUnicode_READY(in))
+		return NULL;
+
+	switch (PyUnicode_KIND(in)) {
+	case PyUnicode_1BYTE_KIND:
+		return escape_unicode_kind1(in);
+	case PyUnicode_2BYTE_KIND:
+		return escape_unicode_kind2(in);
+	case PyUnicode_4BYTE_KIND:
+		return escape_unicode_kind4(in);
+	}
+	assert(0);  /* shouldn't happen */
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static PyObject*
+escape(PyObject *self, PyObject *text)
+{
+	static PyObject *id_html;
+	PyObject *s = NULL, *rv = NULL, *html;
+
+	if (id_html == NULL) {
+		id_html = PyUnicode_InternFromString("__html__");
+		if (id_html == NULL) {
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* we don't have to escape integers, bools or floats */
+	if (PyLong_CheckExact(text) ||
+		PyFloat_CheckExact(text) || PyBool_Check(text) ||
+		text == Py_None)
+		return PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(markup, text, NULL);
+
+	/* if the object has an __html__ method that performs the escaping */
+	html = PyObject_GetAttr(text ,id_html);
+	if (html) {
+		s = PyObject_CallObject(html, NULL);
+		Py_DECREF(html);
+		if (s == NULL) {
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		/* Convert to Markup object */
+		rv = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(markup, (PyObject*)s, NULL);
+		Py_DECREF(s);
+		return rv;
+	}
+
+	/* otherwise make the object unicode if it isn't, then escape */
+	PyErr_Clear();
+	if (!PyUnicode_Check(text)) {
+		PyObject *unicode = PyObject_Str(text);
+		if (!unicode)
+			return NULL;
+		s = escape_unicode((PyUnicodeObject*)unicode);
+		Py_DECREF(unicode);
+	}
+	else
+		s = escape_unicode((PyUnicodeObject*)text);
+
+	/* convert the unicode string into a markup object. */
+	rv = PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(markup, (PyObject*)s, NULL);
+	Py_DECREF(s);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+
+static PyObject*
+escape_silent(PyObject *self, PyObject *text)
+{
+	if (text != Py_None)
+		return escape(self, text);
+	return PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs(markup, NULL);
+}
+
+
+static PyObject*
+soft_str(PyObject *self, PyObject *s)
+{
+	if (!PyUnicode_Check(s))
+		return PyObject_Str(s);
+	Py_INCREF(s);
+	return s;
+}
+
+
+static PyObject*
+soft_unicode(PyObject *self, PyObject *s)
+{
+	PyErr_WarnEx(
+		PyExc_DeprecationWarning,
+		"'soft_unicode' has been renamed to 'soft_str'. The old name"
+		" will be removed in MarkupSafe 2.1.",
+		2
+	);
+	return soft_str(self, s);
+}
+
+
+static PyMethodDef module_methods[] = {
+	{
+		"escape",
+		(PyCFunction)escape,
+		METH_O,
+		"Replace the characters ``&``, ``<``, ``>``, ``'``, and ``\"`` in"
+		" the string with HTML-safe sequences. Use this if you need to display"
+		" text that might contain such characters in HTML.\n\n"
+		"If the object has an ``__html__`` method, it is called and the"
+		" return value is assumed to already be safe for HTML.\n\n"
+		":param s: An object to be converted to a string and escaped.\n"
+		":return: A :class:`Markup` string with the escaped text.\n"
+	},
+	{
+		"escape_silent",
+		(PyCFunction)escape_silent,
+		METH_O,
+		"Like :func:`escape` but treats ``None`` as the empty string."
+		" Useful with optional values, as otherwise you get the string"
+		" ``'None'`` when the value is ``None``.\n\n"
+		">>> escape(None)\n"
+		"Markup('None')\n"
+		">>> escape_silent(None)\n"
+		"Markup('')\n"
+	},
+	{
+		"soft_str",
+		(PyCFunction)soft_str,
+		METH_O,
+		"Convert an object to a string if it isn't already. This preserves"
+		" a :class:`Markup` string rather than converting it back to a basic"
+		" string, so it will still be marked as safe and won't be escaped"
+		" again.\n\n"
+		">>> value = escape(\"<User 1>\")\n"
+		">>> value\n"
+		"Markup('&lt;User 1&gt;')\n"
+		">>> escape(str(value))\n"
+		"Markup('&amp;lt;User 1&amp;gt;')\n"
+		">>> escape(soft_str(value))\n"
+		"Markup('&lt;User 1&gt;')\n"
+	},
+	{
+		"soft_unicode",
+		(PyCFunction)soft_unicode,
+		METH_O,
+		""
+	},
+	{NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}  /* Sentinel */
+};
+
+static struct PyModuleDef module_definition = {
+	PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
+	"markupsafe._speedups",
+	NULL,
+	-1,
+	module_methods,
+	NULL,
+	NULL,
+	NULL,
+	NULL
+};
+
+PyMODINIT_FUNC
+PyInit__speedups(void)
+{
+	if (!init_constants())
+		return NULL;
+
+	return PyModule_Create(&module_definition);
+}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_speedups.cpython-37m-arm-linux-gnueabihf.so b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_speedups.cpython-37m-arm-linux-gnueabihf.so
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7eda3be
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_speedups.cpython-37m-arm-linux-gnueabihf.so differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_speedups.pyi b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_speedups.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f673240
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/_speedups.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Optional
+
+from . import Markup
+
+def escape(s: Any) -> Markup: ...
+def escape_silent(s: Optional[Any]) -> Markup: ...
+def soft_str(s: Any) -> str: ...
+def soft_unicode(s: Any) -> str: ...
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/py.typed b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/markupsafe/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..754db5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+ISC LICENSE
+
+    This license is approved by the OSI and FSF as GPL-compatible.
+        http://opensource.org/licenses/isc-license.txt
+
+    Copyright (c) 2013-2014, Pexpect development team
+    Copyright (c) 2012, Noah Spurrier <noah@noah.org>
+
+    Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+    purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+    copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+    
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+    WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+    MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+    ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+    WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+    ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+    OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c41722
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: pexpect
+Version: 4.8.0
+Summary: Pexpect allows easy control of interactive console applications.
+Home-page: https://pexpect.readthedocs.io/
+Author: Noah Spurrier; Thomas Kluyver; Jeff Quast
+Author-email: noah@noah.org, thomas@kluyver.me.uk, contact@jeffquast.com
+License: ISC license
+Platform: UNIX
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Console
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: System Administrators
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: ISC License (ISCL)
+Classifier: Operating System :: POSIX
+Classifier: Operating System :: MacOS :: MacOS X
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Quality Assurance
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Testing
+Classifier: Topic :: System
+Classifier: Topic :: System :: Archiving :: Packaging
+Classifier: Topic :: System :: Installation/Setup
+Classifier: Topic :: System :: Shells
+Classifier: Topic :: System :: Software Distribution
+Classifier: Topic :: Terminals
+Requires-Dist: ptyprocess (>=0.5)
+
+
+Pexpect is a pure Python module for spawning child applications; controlling
+them; and responding to expected patterns in their output. Pexpect works like
+Don Libes' Expect. Pexpect allows your script to spawn a child application and
+control it as if a human were typing commands.
+
+Pexpect can be used for automating interactive applications such as ssh, ftp,
+passwd, telnet, etc. It can be used to a automate setup scripts for duplicating
+software package installations on different servers. It can be used for
+automated software testing. Pexpect is in the spirit of Don Libes' Expect, but
+Pexpect is pure Python.
+
+The main features of Pexpect require the pty module in the Python standard
+library, which is only available on Unix-like systems. Some features—waiting
+for patterns from file descriptors or subprocesses—are also available on
+Windows.
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08d9889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=Skg64cTcc4psi3P-tJB04YNdoCq1qmhvJnUCmQb6Nk0,987
+pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=gD4QNR0Xubt0nLzHH_YhdcXrQS5MIHGuxE-kJs0RNJo,2180
+pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=8zNYZbwQSXoB9IfXOjPfeNwvAsALAjffgk27FqvCWbo,110
+pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=O-b3UY9VQZkW3yDAeFNatUOKO4GojVWO4TTHoI9-E7k,8
+pexpect/ANSI.py,sha256=aA-3tdXz_FZ4G7PAqFZi5g1KBGQ6PzJzS0gm3ALZKZw,12177
+pexpect/FSM.py,sha256=tluiyUGMyIH3q_wLG6Ak1NZVuXUAGNDjq6k6BK1q8RY,13419
+pexpect/__init__.py,sha256=xF4qylJdK-FRy40tmhAXu99fV9ewFasxTH3DSgoZjzQ,3902
+pexpect/__pycache__/ANSI.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/FSM.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/_async.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/exceptions.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/expect.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/fdpexpect.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/popen_spawn.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/pty_spawn.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/pxssh.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/replwrap.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/run.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/screen.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/spawnbase.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/__pycache__/utils.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pexpect/_async.py,sha256=UCUC9kbBZGjzG12YcR_M5yBjB4Dwc8nJOYNPklL-OdU,3304
+pexpect/bashrc.sh,sha256=CHK8qDg_HtDVdfyDULOV8MZDRDr4pOaIbo31XV58nQs,380
+pexpect/exceptions.py,sha256=A9C1PWbBc2j9AKvnv7UkPCawhFTEGYmeULW0vwbMvXQ,1068
+pexpect/expect.py,sha256=KKtBmx2MYa-yDE715XlHUcloKe5ndBD359a4OYVXD84,13827
+pexpect/fdpexpect.py,sha256=ugTrwveFi-zfl_nOPjbRyLUER1Wmhu8YxczCWtZgZWc,5828
+pexpect/popen_spawn.py,sha256=hVHOqr22jD2Pr-yVgsfwgqGAtULLi6kJLKQRrTBPvEg,6161
+pexpect/pty_spawn.py,sha256=ZygSYsdnVJ5acxiNM9gLvLrT2AVqgwJvbDcPaTxxv9E,37382
+pexpect/pxssh.py,sha256=bZHwFDOn1gC8U_Sl07eFFRlYfCjGCwEoC9WaZCHQo5Y,24279
+pexpect/replwrap.py,sha256=Raq9XgYfIlF-rH_CALgFbzK1H_A4o0NqmK9q45anmVA,5633
+pexpect/run.py,sha256=XK2GwW6_wbUZ6buIDbhouaOySVPnc5IahbgSjieks50,6628
+pexpect/screen.py,sha256=-twD4sIEp83nzuYH9lRDzwHfesoTgVGWglsBYWOK7Ks,13704
+pexpect/spawnbase.py,sha256=FoaNvkGYIXrD6xmBedrJmm_oVLMatqbGCXc027CugkQ,21247
+pexpect/utils.py,sha256=1jIhzU7eBvY3pbW3LZoJhCOU2KWqgty5HgQ6VBYIp5U,6019
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b701e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.33.6)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..808fb07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect-4.8.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pexpect
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/ANSI.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/ANSI.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cd2e90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/ANSI.py
@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+'''This implements an ANSI (VT100) terminal emulator as a subclass of screen.
+
+PEXPECT LICENSE
+
+    This license is approved by the OSI and FSF as GPL-compatible.
+        http://opensource.org/licenses/isc-license.txt
+
+    Copyright (c) 2012, Noah Spurrier <noah@noah.org>
+    PERMISSION TO USE, COPY, MODIFY, AND/OR DISTRIBUTE THIS SOFTWARE FOR ANY
+    PURPOSE WITH OR WITHOUT FEE IS HEREBY GRANTED, PROVIDED THAT THE ABOVE
+    COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND THIS PERMISSION NOTICE APPEAR IN ALL COPIES.
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+    WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+    MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+    ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+    WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+    ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+    OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+'''
+
+# references:
+#     http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code
+#     http://www.retards.org/terminals/vt102.html
+#     http://vt100.net/docs/vt102-ug/contents.html
+#     http://vt100.net/docs/vt220-rm/
+#     http://www.termsys.demon.co.uk/vtansi.htm
+
+from . import screen
+from . import FSM
+import string
+
+#
+# The 'Do.*' functions are helper functions for the ANSI class.
+#
+def DoEmit (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.write_ch(fsm.input_symbol)
+
+def DoStartNumber (fsm):
+
+    fsm.memory.append (fsm.input_symbol)
+
+def DoBuildNumber (fsm):
+
+    ns = fsm.memory.pop()
+    ns = ns + fsm.input_symbol
+    fsm.memory.append (ns)
+
+def DoBackOne (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_back ()
+
+def DoBack (fsm):
+
+    count = int(fsm.memory.pop())
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_back (count)
+
+def DoDownOne (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_down ()
+
+def DoDown (fsm):
+
+    count = int(fsm.memory.pop())
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_down (count)
+
+def DoForwardOne (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_forward ()
+
+def DoForward (fsm):
+
+    count = int(fsm.memory.pop())
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_forward (count)
+
+def DoUpReverse (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_up_reverse()
+
+def DoUpOne (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_up ()
+
+def DoUp (fsm):
+
+    count = int(fsm.memory.pop())
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_up (count)
+
+def DoHome (fsm):
+
+    c = int(fsm.memory.pop())
+    r = int(fsm.memory.pop())
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_home (r,c)
+
+def DoHomeOrigin (fsm):
+
+    c = 1
+    r = 1
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_home (r,c)
+
+def DoEraseDown (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.erase_down()
+
+def DoErase (fsm):
+
+    arg = int(fsm.memory.pop())
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    if arg == 0:
+        screen.erase_down()
+    elif arg == 1:
+        screen.erase_up()
+    elif arg == 2:
+        screen.erase_screen()
+
+def DoEraseEndOfLine (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.erase_end_of_line()
+
+def DoEraseLine (fsm):
+
+    arg = int(fsm.memory.pop())
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    if arg == 0:
+        screen.erase_end_of_line()
+    elif arg == 1:
+        screen.erase_start_of_line()
+    elif arg == 2:
+        screen.erase_line()
+
+def DoEnableScroll (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.scroll_screen()
+
+def DoCursorSave (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_save_attrs()
+
+def DoCursorRestore (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    screen.cursor_restore_attrs()
+
+def DoScrollRegion (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    r2 = int(fsm.memory.pop())
+    r1 = int(fsm.memory.pop())
+    screen.scroll_screen_rows (r1,r2)
+
+def DoMode (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    mode = fsm.memory.pop() # Should be 4
+    # screen.setReplaceMode ()
+
+def DoLog (fsm):
+
+    screen = fsm.memory[0]
+    fsm.memory = [screen]
+    fout = open ('log', 'a')
+    fout.write (fsm.input_symbol + ',' + fsm.current_state + '\n')
+    fout.close()
+
+class term (screen.screen):
+
+    '''This class is an abstract, generic terminal.
+    This does nothing. This is a placeholder that
+    provides a common base class for other terminals
+    such as an ANSI terminal. '''
+
+    def __init__ (self, r=24, c=80, *args, **kwargs):
+
+        screen.screen.__init__(self, r,c,*args,**kwargs)
+
+class ANSI (term):
+    '''This class implements an ANSI (VT100) terminal.
+    It is a stream filter that recognizes ANSI terminal
+    escape sequences and maintains the state of a screen object. '''
+
+    def __init__ (self, r=24,c=80,*args,**kwargs):
+
+        term.__init__(self,r,c,*args,**kwargs)
+
+        #self.screen = screen (24,80)
+        self.state = FSM.FSM ('INIT',[self])
+        self.state.set_default_transition (DoLog, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition_any ('INIT', DoEmit, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('\x1b', 'INIT', None, 'ESC')
+        self.state.add_transition_any ('ESC', DoLog, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('(', 'ESC', None, 'G0SCS')
+        self.state.add_transition (')', 'ESC', None, 'G1SCS')
+        self.state.add_transition_list ('AB012', 'G0SCS', None, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition_list ('AB012', 'G1SCS', None, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('7', 'ESC', DoCursorSave, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('8', 'ESC', DoCursorRestore, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('M', 'ESC', DoUpReverse, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('>', 'ESC', DoUpReverse, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('<', 'ESC', DoUpReverse, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('=', 'ESC', None, 'INIT') # Selects application keypad.
+        self.state.add_transition ('#', 'ESC', None, 'GRAPHICS_POUND')
+        self.state.add_transition_any ('GRAPHICS_POUND', None, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('[', 'ESC', None, 'ELB')
+        # ELB means Escape Left Bracket. That is ^[[
+        self.state.add_transition ('H', 'ELB', DoHomeOrigin, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('D', 'ELB', DoBackOne, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('B', 'ELB', DoDownOne, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('C', 'ELB', DoForwardOne, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('A', 'ELB', DoUpOne, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('J', 'ELB', DoEraseDown, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('K', 'ELB', DoEraseEndOfLine, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('r', 'ELB', DoEnableScroll, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('m', 'ELB', self.do_sgr, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('?', 'ELB', None, 'MODECRAP')
+        self.state.add_transition_list (string.digits, 'ELB', DoStartNumber, 'NUMBER_1')
+        self.state.add_transition_list (string.digits, 'NUMBER_1', DoBuildNumber, 'NUMBER_1')
+        self.state.add_transition ('D', 'NUMBER_1', DoBack, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('B', 'NUMBER_1', DoDown, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('C', 'NUMBER_1', DoForward, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('A', 'NUMBER_1', DoUp, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('J', 'NUMBER_1', DoErase, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('K', 'NUMBER_1', DoEraseLine, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('l', 'NUMBER_1', DoMode, 'INIT')
+        ### It gets worse... the 'm' code can have infinite number of
+        ### number;number;number before it. I've never seen more than two,
+        ### but the specs say it's allowed. crap!
+        self.state.add_transition ('m', 'NUMBER_1', self.do_sgr, 'INIT')
+        ### LED control. Same implementation problem as 'm' code.
+        self.state.add_transition ('q', 'NUMBER_1', self.do_decsca, 'INIT')
+
+        # \E[?47h switch to alternate screen
+        # \E[?47l restores to normal screen from alternate screen.
+        self.state.add_transition_list (string.digits, 'MODECRAP', DoStartNumber, 'MODECRAP_NUM')
+        self.state.add_transition_list (string.digits, 'MODECRAP_NUM', DoBuildNumber, 'MODECRAP_NUM')
+        self.state.add_transition ('l', 'MODECRAP_NUM', self.do_modecrap, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('h', 'MODECRAP_NUM', self.do_modecrap, 'INIT')
+
+#RM   Reset Mode                Esc [ Ps l                   none
+        self.state.add_transition (';', 'NUMBER_1', None, 'SEMICOLON')
+        self.state.add_transition_any ('SEMICOLON', DoLog, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition_list (string.digits, 'SEMICOLON', DoStartNumber, 'NUMBER_2')
+        self.state.add_transition_list (string.digits, 'NUMBER_2', DoBuildNumber, 'NUMBER_2')
+        self.state.add_transition_any ('NUMBER_2', DoLog, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('H', 'NUMBER_2', DoHome, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('f', 'NUMBER_2', DoHome, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('r', 'NUMBER_2', DoScrollRegion, 'INIT')
+        ### It gets worse... the 'm' code can have infinite number of
+        ### number;number;number before it. I've never seen more than two,
+        ### but the specs say it's allowed. crap!
+        self.state.add_transition ('m', 'NUMBER_2', self.do_sgr, 'INIT')
+        ### LED control. Same problem as 'm' code.
+        self.state.add_transition ('q', 'NUMBER_2', self.do_decsca, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition (';', 'NUMBER_2', None, 'SEMICOLON_X')
+
+        # Create a state for 'q' and 'm' which allows an infinite number of ignored numbers
+        self.state.add_transition_any ('SEMICOLON_X', DoLog, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition_list (string.digits, 'SEMICOLON_X', DoStartNumber, 'NUMBER_X')
+        self.state.add_transition_list (string.digits, 'NUMBER_X', DoBuildNumber, 'NUMBER_X')
+        self.state.add_transition_any ('NUMBER_X', DoLog, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('m', 'NUMBER_X', self.do_sgr, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition ('q', 'NUMBER_X', self.do_decsca, 'INIT')
+        self.state.add_transition (';', 'NUMBER_X', None, 'SEMICOLON_X')
+
+    def process (self, c):
+        """Process a single character. Called by :meth:`write`."""
+        if isinstance(c, bytes):
+            c = self._decode(c)
+        self.state.process(c)
+
+    def process_list (self, l):
+
+        self.write(l)
+
+    def write (self, s):
+        """Process text, writing it to the virtual screen while handling
+        ANSI escape codes.
+        """
+        if isinstance(s, bytes):
+            s = self._decode(s)
+        for c in s:
+            self.process(c)
+
+    def flush (self):
+        pass
+
+    def write_ch (self, ch):
+        '''This puts a character at the current cursor position. The cursor
+        position is moved forward with wrap-around, but no scrolling is done if
+        the cursor hits the lower-right corner of the screen. '''
+
+        if isinstance(ch, bytes):
+            ch = self._decode(ch)
+
+        #\r and \n both produce a call to cr() and lf(), respectively.
+        ch = ch[0]
+
+        if ch == u'\r':
+            self.cr()
+            return
+        if ch == u'\n':
+            self.crlf()
+            return
+        if ch == chr(screen.BS):
+            self.cursor_back()
+            return
+        self.put_abs(self.cur_r, self.cur_c, ch)
+        old_r = self.cur_r
+        old_c = self.cur_c
+        self.cursor_forward()
+        if old_c == self.cur_c:
+            self.cursor_down()
+            if old_r != self.cur_r:
+                self.cursor_home (self.cur_r, 1)
+            else:
+                self.scroll_up ()
+                self.cursor_home (self.cur_r, 1)
+                self.erase_line()
+
+    def do_sgr (self, fsm):
+        '''Select Graphic Rendition, e.g. color. '''
+        screen = fsm.memory[0]
+        fsm.memory = [screen]
+
+    def do_decsca (self, fsm):
+        '''Select character protection attribute. '''
+        screen = fsm.memory[0]
+        fsm.memory = [screen]
+
+    def do_modecrap (self, fsm):
+        '''Handler for \x1b[?<number>h and \x1b[?<number>l. If anyone
+        wanted to actually use these, they'd need to add more states to the
+        FSM rather than just improve or override this method. '''
+        screen = fsm.memory[0]
+        fsm.memory = [screen]
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/FSM.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/FSM.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46b392e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/FSM.py
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+'''This module implements a Finite State Machine (FSM). In addition to state
+this FSM also maintains a user defined "memory". So this FSM can be used as a
+Push-down Automata (PDA) since a PDA is a FSM + memory.
+
+The following describes how the FSM works, but you will probably also need to
+see the example function to understand how the FSM is used in practice.
+
+You define an FSM by building tables of transitions. For a given input symbol
+the process() method uses these tables to decide what action to call and what
+the next state will be. The FSM has a table of transitions that associate:
+
+        (input_symbol, current_state) --> (action, next_state)
+
+Where "action" is a function you define. The symbols and states can be any
+objects. You use the add_transition() and add_transition_list() methods to add
+to the transition table. The FSM also has a table of transitions that
+associate:
+
+        (current_state) --> (action, next_state)
+
+You use the add_transition_any() method to add to this transition table. The
+FSM also has one default transition that is not associated with any specific
+input_symbol or state. You use the set_default_transition() method to set the
+default transition.
+
+When an action function is called it is passed a reference to the FSM. The
+action function may then access attributes of the FSM such as input_symbol,
+current_state, or "memory". The "memory" attribute can be any object that you
+want to pass along to the action functions. It is not used by the FSM itself.
+For parsing you would typically pass a list to be used as a stack.
+
+The processing sequence is as follows. The process() method is given an
+input_symbol to process. The FSM will search the table of transitions that
+associate:
+
+        (input_symbol, current_state) --> (action, next_state)
+
+If the pair (input_symbol, current_state) is found then process() will call the
+associated action function and then set the current state to the next_state.
+
+If the FSM cannot find a match for (input_symbol, current_state) it will then
+search the table of transitions that associate:
+
+        (current_state) --> (action, next_state)
+
+If the current_state is found then the process() method will call the
+associated action function and then set the current state to the next_state.
+Notice that this table lacks an input_symbol. It lets you define transitions
+for a current_state and ANY input_symbol. Hence, it is called the "any" table.
+Remember, it is always checked after first searching the table for a specific
+(input_symbol, current_state).
+
+For the case where the FSM did not match either of the previous two cases the
+FSM will try to use the default transition. If the default transition is
+defined then the process() method will call the associated action function and
+then set the current state to the next_state. This lets you define a default
+transition as a catch-all case. You can think of it as an exception handler.
+There can be only one default transition.
+
+Finally, if none of the previous cases are defined for an input_symbol and
+current_state then the FSM will raise an exception. This may be desirable, but
+you can always prevent this just by defining a default transition.
+
+Noah Spurrier 20020822
+
+PEXPECT LICENSE
+
+    This license is approved by the OSI and FSF as GPL-compatible.
+        http://opensource.org/licenses/isc-license.txt
+
+    Copyright (c) 2012, Noah Spurrier <noah@noah.org>
+    PERMISSION TO USE, COPY, MODIFY, AND/OR DISTRIBUTE THIS SOFTWARE FOR ANY
+    PURPOSE WITH OR WITHOUT FEE IS HEREBY GRANTED, PROVIDED THAT THE ABOVE
+    COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND THIS PERMISSION NOTICE APPEAR IN ALL COPIES.
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+    WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+    MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+    ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+    WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+    ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+    OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+'''
+
+class ExceptionFSM(Exception):
+
+    '''This is the FSM Exception class.'''
+
+    def __init__(self, value):
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return 'ExceptionFSM: ' + str(self.value)
+
+class FSM:
+
+    '''This is a Finite State Machine (FSM).
+    '''
+
+    def __init__(self, initial_state, memory=None):
+
+        '''This creates the FSM. You set the initial state here. The "memory"
+        attribute is any object that you want to pass along to the action
+        functions. It is not used by the FSM. For parsing you would typically
+        pass a list to be used as a stack. '''
+
+        # Map (input_symbol, current_state) --> (action, next_state).
+        self.state_transitions = {}
+        # Map (current_state) --> (action, next_state).
+        self.state_transitions_any = {}
+        self.default_transition = None
+
+        self.input_symbol = None
+        self.initial_state = initial_state
+        self.current_state = self.initial_state
+        self.next_state = None
+        self.action = None
+        self.memory = memory
+
+    def reset (self):
+
+        '''This sets the current_state to the initial_state and sets
+        input_symbol to None. The initial state was set by the constructor
+        __init__(). '''
+
+        self.current_state = self.initial_state
+        self.input_symbol = None
+
+    def add_transition (self, input_symbol, state, action=None, next_state=None):
+
+        '''This adds a transition that associates:
+
+                (input_symbol, current_state) --> (action, next_state)
+
+        The action may be set to None in which case the process() method will
+        ignore the action and only set the next_state. The next_state may be
+        set to None in which case the current state will be unchanged.
+
+        You can also set transitions for a list of symbols by using
+        add_transition_list(). '''
+
+        if next_state is None:
+            next_state = state
+        self.state_transitions[(input_symbol, state)] = (action, next_state)
+
+    def add_transition_list (self, list_input_symbols, state, action=None, next_state=None):
+
+        '''This adds the same transition for a list of input symbols.
+        You can pass a list or a string. Note that it is handy to use
+        string.digits, string.whitespace, string.letters, etc. to add
+        transitions that match character classes.
+
+        The action may be set to None in which case the process() method will
+        ignore the action and only set the next_state. The next_state may be
+        set to None in which case the current state will be unchanged. '''
+
+        if next_state is None:
+            next_state = state
+        for input_symbol in list_input_symbols:
+            self.add_transition (input_symbol, state, action, next_state)
+
+    def add_transition_any (self, state, action=None, next_state=None):
+
+        '''This adds a transition that associates:
+
+                (current_state) --> (action, next_state)
+
+        That is, any input symbol will match the current state.
+        The process() method checks the "any" state associations after it first
+        checks for an exact match of (input_symbol, current_state).
+
+        The action may be set to None in which case the process() method will
+        ignore the action and only set the next_state. The next_state may be
+        set to None in which case the current state will be unchanged. '''
+
+        if next_state is None:
+            next_state = state
+        self.state_transitions_any [state] = (action, next_state)
+
+    def set_default_transition (self, action, next_state):
+
+        '''This sets the default transition. This defines an action and
+        next_state if the FSM cannot find the input symbol and the current
+        state in the transition list and if the FSM cannot find the
+        current_state in the transition_any list. This is useful as a final
+        fall-through state for catching errors and undefined states.
+
+        The default transition can be removed by setting the attribute
+        default_transition to None. '''
+
+        self.default_transition = (action, next_state)
+
+    def get_transition (self, input_symbol, state):
+
+        '''This returns (action, next state) given an input_symbol and state.
+        This does not modify the FSM state, so calling this method has no side
+        effects. Normally you do not call this method directly. It is called by
+        process().
+
+        The sequence of steps to check for a defined transition goes from the
+        most specific to the least specific.
+
+        1. Check state_transitions[] that match exactly the tuple,
+            (input_symbol, state)
+
+        2. Check state_transitions_any[] that match (state)
+            In other words, match a specific state and ANY input_symbol.
+
+        3. Check if the default_transition is defined.
+            This catches any input_symbol and any state.
+            This is a handler for errors, undefined states, or defaults.
+
+        4. No transition was defined. If we get here then raise an exception.
+        '''
+
+        if (input_symbol, state) in self.state_transitions:
+            return self.state_transitions[(input_symbol, state)]
+        elif state in self.state_transitions_any:
+            return self.state_transitions_any[state]
+        elif self.default_transition is not None:
+            return self.default_transition
+        else:
+            raise ExceptionFSM ('Transition is undefined: (%s, %s).' %
+                (str(input_symbol), str(state)) )
+
+    def process (self, input_symbol):
+
+        '''This is the main method that you call to process input. This may
+        cause the FSM to change state and call an action. This method calls
+        get_transition() to find the action and next_state associated with the
+        input_symbol and current_state. If the action is None then the action
+        is not called and only the current state is changed. This method
+        processes one complete input symbol. You can process a list of symbols
+        (or a string) by calling process_list(). '''
+
+        self.input_symbol = input_symbol
+        (self.action, self.next_state) = self.get_transition (self.input_symbol, self.current_state)
+        if self.action is not None:
+            self.action (self)
+        self.current_state = self.next_state
+        self.next_state = None
+
+    def process_list (self, input_symbols):
+
+        '''This takes a list and sends each element to process(). The list may
+        be a string or any iterable object. '''
+
+        for s in input_symbols:
+            self.process (s)
+
+##############################################################################
+# The following is an example that demonstrates the use of the FSM class to
+# process an RPN expression. Run this module from the command line. You will
+# get a prompt > for input. Enter an RPN Expression. Numbers may be integers.
+# Operators are * / + - Use the = sign to evaluate and print the expression.
+# For example:
+#
+#    167 3 2 2 * * * 1 - =
+#
+# will print:
+#
+#    2003
+##############################################################################
+
+import sys
+import string
+
+PY3 = (sys.version_info[0] >= 3)
+
+#
+# These define the actions.
+# Note that "memory" is a list being used as a stack.
+#
+
+def BeginBuildNumber (fsm):
+    fsm.memory.append (fsm.input_symbol)
+
+def BuildNumber (fsm):
+    s = fsm.memory.pop ()
+    s = s + fsm.input_symbol
+    fsm.memory.append (s)
+
+def EndBuildNumber (fsm):
+    s = fsm.memory.pop ()
+    fsm.memory.append (int(s))
+
+def DoOperator (fsm):
+    ar = fsm.memory.pop()
+    al = fsm.memory.pop()
+    if fsm.input_symbol == '+':
+        fsm.memory.append (al + ar)
+    elif fsm.input_symbol == '-':
+        fsm.memory.append (al - ar)
+    elif fsm.input_symbol == '*':
+        fsm.memory.append (al * ar)
+    elif fsm.input_symbol == '/':
+        fsm.memory.append (al / ar)
+
+def DoEqual (fsm):
+    print(str(fsm.memory.pop()))
+
+def Error (fsm):
+    print('That does not compute.')
+    print(str(fsm.input_symbol))
+
+def main():
+
+    '''This is where the example starts and the FSM state transitions are
+    defined. Note that states are strings (such as 'INIT'). This is not
+    necessary, but it makes the example easier to read. '''
+
+    f = FSM ('INIT', [])
+    f.set_default_transition (Error, 'INIT')
+    f.add_transition_any  ('INIT', None, 'INIT')
+    f.add_transition      ('=',               'INIT',            DoEqual,          'INIT')
+    f.add_transition_list (string.digits,     'INIT',            BeginBuildNumber, 'BUILDING_NUMBER')
+    f.add_transition_list (string.digits,     'BUILDING_NUMBER', BuildNumber,      'BUILDING_NUMBER')
+    f.add_transition_list (string.whitespace, 'BUILDING_NUMBER', EndBuildNumber,   'INIT')
+    f.add_transition_list ('+-*/',            'INIT',            DoOperator,       'INIT')
+
+    print()
+    print('Enter an RPN Expression.')
+    print('Numbers may be integers. Operators are * / + -')
+    print('Use the = sign to evaluate and print the expression.')
+    print('For example: ')
+    print('    167 3 2 2 * * * 1 - =')
+    inputstr = (input if PY3 else raw_input)('> ')  # analysis:ignore
+    f.process_list(inputstr)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e30453
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+'''Pexpect is a Python module for spawning child applications and controlling
+them automatically. Pexpect can be used for automating interactive applications
+such as ssh, ftp, passwd, telnet, etc. It can be used to a automate setup
+scripts for duplicating software package installations on different servers. It
+can be used for automated software testing. Pexpect is in the spirit of Don
+Libes' Expect, but Pexpect is pure Python. Other Expect-like modules for Python
+require TCL and Expect or require C extensions to be compiled. Pexpect does not
+use C, Expect, or TCL extensions. It should work on any platform that supports
+the standard Python pty module. The Pexpect interface focuses on ease of use so
+that simple tasks are easy.
+
+There are two main interfaces to the Pexpect system; these are the function,
+run() and the class, spawn. The spawn class is more powerful. The run()
+function is simpler than spawn, and is good for quickly calling program. When
+you call the run() function it executes a given program and then returns the
+output. This is a handy replacement for os.system().
+
+For example::
+
+    pexpect.run('ls -la')
+
+The spawn class is the more powerful interface to the Pexpect system. You can
+use this to spawn a child program then interact with it by sending input and
+expecting responses (waiting for patterns in the child's output).
+
+For example::
+
+    child = pexpect.spawn('scp foo user@example.com:.')
+    child.expect('Password:')
+    child.sendline(mypassword)
+
+This works even for commands that ask for passwords or other input outside of
+the normal stdio streams. For example, ssh reads input directly from the TTY
+device which bypasses stdin.
+
+Credits: Noah Spurrier, Richard Holden, Marco Molteni, Kimberley Burchett,
+Robert Stone, Hartmut Goebel, Chad Schroeder, Erick Tryzelaar, Dave Kirby, Ids
+vander Molen, George Todd, Noel Taylor, Nicolas D. Cesar, Alexander Gattin,
+Jacques-Etienne Baudoux, Geoffrey Marshall, Francisco Lourenco, Glen Mabey,
+Karthik Gurusamy, Fernando Perez, Corey Minyard, Jon Cohen, Guillaume
+Chazarain, Andrew Ryan, Nick Craig-Wood, Andrew Stone, Jorgen Grahn, John
+Spiegel, Jan Grant, and Shane Kerr. Let me know if I forgot anyone.
+
+Pexpect is free, open source, and all that good stuff.
+http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/
+
+PEXPECT LICENSE
+
+    This license is approved by the OSI and FSF as GPL-compatible.
+        http://opensource.org/licenses/isc-license.txt
+
+    Copyright (c) 2012, Noah Spurrier <noah@noah.org>
+    PERMISSION TO USE, COPY, MODIFY, AND/OR DISTRIBUTE THIS SOFTWARE FOR ANY
+    PURPOSE WITH OR WITHOUT FEE IS HEREBY GRANTED, PROVIDED THAT THE ABOVE
+    COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND THIS PERMISSION NOTICE APPEAR IN ALL COPIES.
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+    WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+    MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+    ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+    WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+    ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+    OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+'''
+
+import sys
+PY3 = (sys.version_info[0] >= 3)
+
+from .exceptions import ExceptionPexpect, EOF, TIMEOUT
+from .utils import split_command_line, which, is_executable_file
+from .expect import Expecter, searcher_re, searcher_string
+
+if sys.platform != 'win32':
+    # On Unix, these are available at the top level for backwards compatibility
+    from .pty_spawn import spawn, spawnu
+    from .run import run, runu
+
+__version__ = '4.8.0'
+__revision__ = ''
+__all__ = ['ExceptionPexpect', 'EOF', 'TIMEOUT', 'spawn', 'spawnu', 'run', 'runu',
+           'which', 'split_command_line', '__version__', '__revision__']
+
+
+
+# vim: set shiftround expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 ft=python autoindent :
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/_async.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/_async.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfbfeef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/_async.py
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+import asyncio
+import errno
+import signal
+
+from pexpect import EOF
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def expect_async(expecter, timeout=None):
+    # First process data that was previously read - if it maches, we don't need
+    # async stuff.
+    idx = expecter.existing_data()
+    if idx is not None:
+        return idx
+    if not expecter.spawn.async_pw_transport:
+        pw = PatternWaiter()
+        pw.set_expecter(expecter)
+        transport, pw = yield from asyncio.get_event_loop()\
+            .connect_read_pipe(lambda: pw, expecter.spawn)
+        expecter.spawn.async_pw_transport = pw, transport
+    else:
+        pw, transport = expecter.spawn.async_pw_transport
+        pw.set_expecter(expecter)
+        transport.resume_reading()
+    try:
+        return (yield from asyncio.wait_for(pw.fut, timeout))
+    except asyncio.TimeoutError as e:
+        transport.pause_reading()
+        return expecter.timeout(e)
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def repl_run_command_async(repl, cmdlines, timeout=-1):
+    res = []
+    repl.child.sendline(cmdlines[0])
+    for line in cmdlines[1:]:
+        yield from repl._expect_prompt(timeout=timeout, async_=True)
+        res.append(repl.child.before)
+        repl.child.sendline(line)
+
+    # Command was fully submitted, now wait for the next prompt
+    prompt_idx = yield from repl._expect_prompt(timeout=timeout, async_=True)
+    if prompt_idx == 1:
+        # We got the continuation prompt - command was incomplete
+        repl.child.kill(signal.SIGINT)
+        yield from repl._expect_prompt(timeout=1, async_=True)
+        raise ValueError("Continuation prompt found - input was incomplete:")
+    return u''.join(res + [repl.child.before])
+
+class PatternWaiter(asyncio.Protocol):
+    transport = None
+
+    def set_expecter(self, expecter):
+        self.expecter = expecter
+        self.fut = asyncio.Future()
+
+    def found(self, result):
+        if not self.fut.done():
+            self.fut.set_result(result)
+            self.transport.pause_reading()
+
+    def error(self, exc):
+        if not self.fut.done():
+            self.fut.set_exception(exc)
+            self.transport.pause_reading()
+
+    def connection_made(self, transport):
+        self.transport = transport
+
+    def data_received(self, data):
+        spawn = self.expecter.spawn
+        s = spawn._decoder.decode(data)
+        spawn._log(s, 'read')
+
+        if self.fut.done():
+            spawn._before.write(s)
+            spawn._buffer.write(s)
+            return
+
+        try:
+            index = self.expecter.new_data(s)
+            if index is not None:
+                # Found a match
+                self.found(index)
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.expecter.errored()
+            self.error(e)
+
+    def eof_received(self):
+        # N.B. If this gets called, async will close the pipe (the spawn object)
+        # for us
+        try:
+            self.expecter.spawn.flag_eof = True
+            index = self.expecter.eof()
+        except EOF as e:
+            self.error(e)
+        else:
+            self.found(index)
+
+    def connection_lost(self, exc):
+        if isinstance(exc, OSError) and exc.errno == errno.EIO:
+            # We may get here without eof_received being called, e.g on Linux
+            self.eof_received()
+        elif exc is not None:
+            self.error(exc)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/bashrc.sh b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/bashrc.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c734ac9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/bashrc.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# Different platforms have different names for the systemwide bashrc
+if [[ -f /etc/bashrc ]]; then
+  source /etc/bashrc
+fi
+if [[ -f /etc/bash.bashrc ]]; then
+  source /etc/bash.bashrc
+fi
+if [[ -f ~/.bashrc ]]; then
+  source ~/.bashrc
+fi
+
+# Reset PS1 so pexpect can find it
+PS1="$"
+
+# Unset PROMPT_COMMAND, so that it can't change PS1 to something unexpected.
+unset PROMPT_COMMAND
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/exceptions.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb360f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""Exception classes used by Pexpect"""
+
+import traceback
+import sys
+
+class ExceptionPexpect(Exception):
+    '''Base class for all exceptions raised by this module.
+    '''
+
+    def __init__(self, value):
+        super(ExceptionPexpect, self).__init__(value)
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.value)
+
+    def get_trace(self):
+        '''This returns an abbreviated stack trace with lines that only concern
+        the caller. In other words, the stack trace inside the Pexpect module
+        is not included. '''
+
+        tblist = traceback.extract_tb(sys.exc_info()[2])
+        tblist = [item for item in tblist if ('pexpect/__init__' not in item[0])
+                                           and ('pexpect/expect' not in item[0])]
+        tblist = traceback.format_list(tblist)
+        return ''.join(tblist)
+
+
+class EOF(ExceptionPexpect):
+    '''Raised when EOF is read from a child.
+    This usually means the child has exited.'''
+
+
+class TIMEOUT(ExceptionPexpect):
+    '''Raised when a read time exceeds the timeout. '''
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/expect.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/expect.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3409db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/expect.py
@@ -0,0 +1,371 @@
+import time
+
+from .exceptions import EOF, TIMEOUT
+
+class Expecter(object):
+    def __init__(self, spawn, searcher, searchwindowsize=-1):
+        self.spawn = spawn
+        self.searcher = searcher
+        # A value of -1 means to use the figure from spawn, which should
+        # be None or a positive number.
+        if searchwindowsize == -1:
+            searchwindowsize = spawn.searchwindowsize
+        self.searchwindowsize = searchwindowsize
+        self.lookback = None
+        if hasattr(searcher, 'longest_string'):
+            self.lookback = searcher.longest_string
+
+    def do_search(self, window, freshlen):
+        spawn = self.spawn
+        searcher = self.searcher
+        if freshlen > len(window):
+            freshlen = len(window)
+        index = searcher.search(window, freshlen, self.searchwindowsize)
+        if index >= 0:
+            spawn._buffer = spawn.buffer_type()
+            spawn._buffer.write(window[searcher.end:])
+            spawn.before = spawn._before.getvalue()[
+                0:-(len(window) - searcher.start)]
+            spawn._before = spawn.buffer_type()
+            spawn._before.write(window[searcher.end:])
+            spawn.after = window[searcher.start:searcher.end]
+            spawn.match = searcher.match
+            spawn.match_index = index
+            # Found a match
+            return index
+        elif self.searchwindowsize or self.lookback:
+            maintain = self.searchwindowsize or self.lookback
+            if spawn._buffer.tell() > maintain:
+                spawn._buffer = spawn.buffer_type()
+                spawn._buffer.write(window[-maintain:])
+
+    def existing_data(self):
+        # First call from a new call to expect_loop or expect_async.
+        # self.searchwindowsize may have changed.
+        # Treat all data as fresh.
+        spawn = self.spawn
+        before_len = spawn._before.tell()
+        buf_len = spawn._buffer.tell()
+        freshlen = before_len
+        if before_len > buf_len:
+            if not self.searchwindowsize:
+                spawn._buffer = spawn.buffer_type()
+                window = spawn._before.getvalue()
+                spawn._buffer.write(window)
+            elif buf_len < self.searchwindowsize:
+                spawn._buffer = spawn.buffer_type()
+                spawn._before.seek(
+                    max(0, before_len - self.searchwindowsize))
+                window = spawn._before.read()
+                spawn._buffer.write(window)
+            else:
+                spawn._buffer.seek(max(0, buf_len - self.searchwindowsize))
+                window = spawn._buffer.read()
+        else:
+            if self.searchwindowsize:
+                spawn._buffer.seek(max(0, buf_len - self.searchwindowsize))
+                window = spawn._buffer.read()
+            else:
+                window = spawn._buffer.getvalue()
+        return self.do_search(window, freshlen)
+
+    def new_data(self, data):
+        # A subsequent call, after a call to existing_data.
+        spawn = self.spawn
+        freshlen = len(data)
+        spawn._before.write(data)
+        if not self.searchwindowsize:
+            if self.lookback:
+                # search lookback + new data.
+                old_len = spawn._buffer.tell()
+                spawn._buffer.write(data)
+                spawn._buffer.seek(max(0, old_len - self.lookback))
+                window = spawn._buffer.read()
+            else:
+                # copy the whole buffer (really slow for large datasets).
+                spawn._buffer.write(data)
+                window = spawn.buffer
+        else:
+            if len(data) >= self.searchwindowsize or not spawn._buffer.tell():
+                window = data[-self.searchwindowsize:]
+                spawn._buffer = spawn.buffer_type()
+                spawn._buffer.write(window[-self.searchwindowsize:])
+            else:
+                spawn._buffer.write(data)
+                new_len = spawn._buffer.tell()
+                spawn._buffer.seek(max(0, new_len - self.searchwindowsize))
+                window = spawn._buffer.read()
+        return self.do_search(window, freshlen)
+
+    def eof(self, err=None):
+        spawn = self.spawn
+
+        spawn.before = spawn._before.getvalue()
+        spawn._buffer = spawn.buffer_type()
+        spawn._before = spawn.buffer_type()
+        spawn.after = EOF
+        index = self.searcher.eof_index
+        if index >= 0:
+            spawn.match = EOF
+            spawn.match_index = index
+            return index
+        else:
+            spawn.match = None
+            spawn.match_index = None
+            msg = str(spawn)
+            msg += '\nsearcher: %s' % self.searcher
+            if err is not None:
+                msg = str(err) + '\n' + msg
+
+            exc = EOF(msg)
+            exc.__cause__ = None # in Python 3.x we can use "raise exc from None"
+            raise exc
+
+    def timeout(self, err=None):
+        spawn = self.spawn
+
+        spawn.before = spawn._before.getvalue()
+        spawn.after = TIMEOUT
+        index = self.searcher.timeout_index
+        if index >= 0:
+            spawn.match = TIMEOUT
+            spawn.match_index = index
+            return index
+        else:
+            spawn.match = None
+            spawn.match_index = None
+            msg = str(spawn)
+            msg += '\nsearcher: %s' % self.searcher
+            if err is not None:
+                msg = str(err) + '\n' + msg
+
+            exc = TIMEOUT(msg)
+            exc.__cause__ = None    # in Python 3.x we can use "raise exc from None"
+            raise exc
+
+    def errored(self):
+        spawn = self.spawn
+        spawn.before = spawn._before.getvalue()
+        spawn.after = None
+        spawn.match = None
+        spawn.match_index = None
+
+    def expect_loop(self, timeout=-1):
+        """Blocking expect"""
+        spawn = self.spawn
+
+        if timeout is not None:
+            end_time = time.time() + timeout
+
+        try:
+            idx = self.existing_data()
+            if idx is not None:
+                return idx
+            while True:
+                # No match at this point
+                if (timeout is not None) and (timeout < 0):
+                    return self.timeout()
+                # Still have time left, so read more data
+                incoming = spawn.read_nonblocking(spawn.maxread, timeout)
+                if self.spawn.delayafterread is not None:
+                    time.sleep(self.spawn.delayafterread)
+                idx = self.new_data(incoming)
+                # Keep reading until exception or return.
+                if idx is not None:
+                    return idx
+                if timeout is not None:
+                    timeout = end_time - time.time()
+        except EOF as e:
+            return self.eof(e)
+        except TIMEOUT as e:
+            return self.timeout(e)
+        except:
+            self.errored()
+            raise
+
+
+class searcher_string(object):
+    '''This is a plain string search helper for the spawn.expect_any() method.
+    This helper class is for speed. For more powerful regex patterns
+    see the helper class, searcher_re.
+
+    Attributes:
+
+        eof_index     - index of EOF, or -1
+        timeout_index - index of TIMEOUT, or -1
+
+    After a successful match by the search() method the following attributes
+    are available:
+
+        start - index into the buffer, first byte of match
+        end   - index into the buffer, first byte after match
+        match - the matching string itself
+
+    '''
+
+    def __init__(self, strings):
+        '''This creates an instance of searcher_string. This argument 'strings'
+        may be a list; a sequence of strings; or the EOF or TIMEOUT types. '''
+
+        self.eof_index = -1
+        self.timeout_index = -1
+        self._strings = []
+        self.longest_string = 0
+        for n, s in enumerate(strings):
+            if s is EOF:
+                self.eof_index = n
+                continue
+            if s is TIMEOUT:
+                self.timeout_index = n
+                continue
+            self._strings.append((n, s))
+            if len(s) > self.longest_string:
+                self.longest_string = len(s)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        '''This returns a human-readable string that represents the state of
+        the object.'''
+
+        ss = [(ns[0], '    %d: %r' % ns) for ns in self._strings]
+        ss.append((-1, 'searcher_string:'))
+        if self.eof_index >= 0:
+            ss.append((self.eof_index, '    %d: EOF' % self.eof_index))
+        if self.timeout_index >= 0:
+            ss.append((self.timeout_index,
+                '    %d: TIMEOUT' % self.timeout_index))
+        ss.sort()
+        ss = list(zip(*ss))[1]
+        return '\n'.join(ss)
+
+    def search(self, buffer, freshlen, searchwindowsize=None):
+        '''This searches 'buffer' for the first occurrence of one of the search
+        strings.  'freshlen' must indicate the number of bytes at the end of
+        'buffer' which have not been searched before. It helps to avoid
+        searching the same, possibly big, buffer over and over again.
+
+        See class spawn for the 'searchwindowsize' argument.
+
+        If there is a match this returns the index of that string, and sets
+        'start', 'end' and 'match'. Otherwise, this returns -1. '''
+
+        first_match = None
+
+        # 'freshlen' helps a lot here. Further optimizations could
+        # possibly include:
+        #
+        # using something like the Boyer-Moore Fast String Searching
+        # Algorithm; pre-compiling the search through a list of
+        # strings into something that can scan the input once to
+        # search for all N strings; realize that if we search for
+        # ['bar', 'baz'] and the input is '...foo' we need not bother
+        # rescanning until we've read three more bytes.
+        #
+        # Sadly, I don't know enough about this interesting topic. /grahn
+
+        for index, s in self._strings:
+            if searchwindowsize is None:
+                # the match, if any, can only be in the fresh data,
+                # or at the very end of the old data
+                offset = -(freshlen + len(s))
+            else:
+                # better obey searchwindowsize
+                offset = -searchwindowsize
+            n = buffer.find(s, offset)
+            if n >= 0 and (first_match is None or n < first_match):
+                first_match = n
+                best_index, best_match = index, s
+        if first_match is None:
+            return -1
+        self.match = best_match
+        self.start = first_match
+        self.end = self.start + len(self.match)
+        return best_index
+
+
+class searcher_re(object):
+    '''This is regular expression string search helper for the
+    spawn.expect_any() method. This helper class is for powerful
+    pattern matching. For speed, see the helper class, searcher_string.
+
+    Attributes:
+
+        eof_index     - index of EOF, or -1
+        timeout_index - index of TIMEOUT, or -1
+
+    After a successful match by the search() method the following attributes
+    are available:
+
+        start - index into the buffer, first byte of match
+        end   - index into the buffer, first byte after match
+        match - the re.match object returned by a successful re.search
+
+    '''
+
+    def __init__(self, patterns):
+        '''This creates an instance that searches for 'patterns' Where
+        'patterns' may be a list or other sequence of compiled regular
+        expressions, or the EOF or TIMEOUT types.'''
+
+        self.eof_index = -1
+        self.timeout_index = -1
+        self._searches = []
+        for n, s in enumerate(patterns):
+            if s is EOF:
+                self.eof_index = n
+                continue
+            if s is TIMEOUT:
+                self.timeout_index = n
+                continue
+            self._searches.append((n, s))
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        '''This returns a human-readable string that represents the state of
+        the object.'''
+
+        #ss = [(n, '    %d: re.compile("%s")' %
+        #    (n, repr(s.pattern))) for n, s in self._searches]
+        ss = list()
+        for n, s in self._searches:
+            ss.append((n, '    %d: re.compile(%r)' % (n, s.pattern)))
+        ss.append((-1, 'searcher_re:'))
+        if self.eof_index >= 0:
+            ss.append((self.eof_index, '    %d: EOF' % self.eof_index))
+        if self.timeout_index >= 0:
+            ss.append((self.timeout_index, '    %d: TIMEOUT' %
+                self.timeout_index))
+        ss.sort()
+        ss = list(zip(*ss))[1]
+        return '\n'.join(ss)
+
+    def search(self, buffer, freshlen, searchwindowsize=None):
+        '''This searches 'buffer' for the first occurrence of one of the regular
+        expressions. 'freshlen' must indicate the number of bytes at the end of
+        'buffer' which have not been searched before.
+
+        See class spawn for the 'searchwindowsize' argument.
+
+        If there is a match this returns the index of that string, and sets
+        'start', 'end' and 'match'. Otherwise, returns -1.'''
+
+        first_match = None
+        # 'freshlen' doesn't help here -- we cannot predict the
+        # length of a match, and the re module provides no help.
+        if searchwindowsize is None:
+            searchstart = 0
+        else:
+            searchstart = max(0, len(buffer) - searchwindowsize)
+        for index, s in self._searches:
+            match = s.search(buffer, searchstart)
+            if match is None:
+                continue
+            n = match.start()
+            if first_match is None or n < first_match:
+                first_match = n
+                the_match = match
+                best_index = index
+        if first_match is None:
+            return -1
+        self.start = first_match
+        self.match = the_match
+        self.end = self.match.end()
+        return best_index
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/fdpexpect.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/fdpexpect.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cddd50e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/fdpexpect.py
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+'''This is like pexpect, but it will work with any file descriptor that you
+pass it. You are responsible for opening and close the file descriptor.
+This allows you to use Pexpect with sockets and named pipes (FIFOs).
+
+PEXPECT LICENSE
+
+    This license is approved by the OSI and FSF as GPL-compatible.
+        http://opensource.org/licenses/isc-license.txt
+
+    Copyright (c) 2012, Noah Spurrier <noah@noah.org>
+    PERMISSION TO USE, COPY, MODIFY, AND/OR DISTRIBUTE THIS SOFTWARE FOR ANY
+    PURPOSE WITH OR WITHOUT FEE IS HEREBY GRANTED, PROVIDED THAT THE ABOVE
+    COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND THIS PERMISSION NOTICE APPEAR IN ALL COPIES.
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+    WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+    MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+    ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+    WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+    ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+    OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+'''
+
+from .spawnbase import SpawnBase
+from .exceptions import ExceptionPexpect, TIMEOUT
+from .utils import select_ignore_interrupts, poll_ignore_interrupts
+import os
+
+__all__ = ['fdspawn']
+
+class fdspawn(SpawnBase):
+    '''This is like pexpect.spawn but allows you to supply your own open file
+    descriptor. For example, you could use it to read through a file looking
+    for patterns, or to control a modem or serial device. '''
+
+    def __init__ (self, fd, args=None, timeout=30, maxread=2000, searchwindowsize=None,
+                  logfile=None, encoding=None, codec_errors='strict', use_poll=False):
+        '''This takes a file descriptor (an int) or an object that support the
+        fileno() method (returning an int). All Python file-like objects
+        support fileno(). '''
+
+        if type(fd) != type(0) and hasattr(fd, 'fileno'):
+            fd = fd.fileno()
+
+        if type(fd) != type(0):
+            raise ExceptionPexpect('The fd argument is not an int. If this is a command string then maybe you want to use pexpect.spawn.')
+
+        try: # make sure fd is a valid file descriptor
+            os.fstat(fd)
+        except OSError:
+            raise ExceptionPexpect('The fd argument is not a valid file descriptor.')
+
+        self.args = None
+        self.command = None
+        SpawnBase.__init__(self, timeout, maxread, searchwindowsize, logfile,
+                           encoding=encoding, codec_errors=codec_errors)
+        self.child_fd = fd
+        self.own_fd = False
+        self.closed = False
+        self.name = '<file descriptor %d>' % fd
+        self.use_poll = use_poll
+
+    def close (self):
+        """Close the file descriptor.
+
+        Calling this method a second time does nothing, but if the file
+        descriptor was closed elsewhere, :class:`OSError` will be raised.
+        """
+        if self.child_fd == -1:
+            return
+
+        self.flush()
+        os.close(self.child_fd)
+        self.child_fd = -1
+        self.closed = True
+
+    def isalive (self):
+        '''This checks if the file descriptor is still valid. If :func:`os.fstat`
+        does not raise an exception then we assume it is alive. '''
+
+        if self.child_fd == -1:
+            return False
+        try:
+            os.fstat(self.child_fd)
+            return True
+        except:
+            return False
+
+    def terminate (self, force=False):  # pragma: no cover
+        '''Deprecated and invalid. Just raises an exception.'''
+        raise ExceptionPexpect('This method is not valid for file descriptors.')
+
+    # These four methods are left around for backwards compatibility, but not
+    # documented as part of fdpexpect. You're encouraged to use os.write
+    # directly.
+    def send(self, s):
+        "Write to fd, return number of bytes written"
+        s = self._coerce_send_string(s)
+        self._log(s, 'send')
+
+        b = self._encoder.encode(s, final=False)
+        return os.write(self.child_fd, b)
+
+    def sendline(self, s):
+        "Write to fd with trailing newline, return number of bytes written"
+        s = self._coerce_send_string(s)
+        return self.send(s + self.linesep)
+
+    def write(self, s):
+        "Write to fd, return None"
+        self.send(s)
+
+    def writelines(self, sequence):
+        "Call self.write() for each item in sequence"
+        for s in sequence:
+            self.write(s)
+
+    def read_nonblocking(self, size=1, timeout=-1):
+        """
+        Read from the file descriptor and return the result as a string.
+
+        The read_nonblocking method of :class:`SpawnBase` assumes that a call
+        to os.read will not block (timeout parameter is ignored). This is not
+        the case for POSIX file-like objects such as sockets and serial ports.
+
+        Use :func:`select.select`, timeout is implemented conditionally for
+        POSIX systems.
+
+        :param int size: Read at most *size* bytes.
+        :param int timeout: Wait timeout seconds for file descriptor to be
+            ready to read. When -1 (default), use self.timeout. When 0, poll.
+        :return: String containing the bytes read
+        """
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            if timeout == -1:
+                timeout = self.timeout
+            rlist = [self.child_fd]
+            wlist = []
+            xlist = []
+            if self.use_poll:
+                rlist = poll_ignore_interrupts(rlist, timeout)
+            else:
+                rlist, wlist, xlist = select_ignore_interrupts(
+                    rlist, wlist, xlist, timeout
+                )
+            if self.child_fd not in rlist:
+                raise TIMEOUT('Timeout exceeded.')
+        return super(fdspawn, self).read_nonblocking(size)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/popen_spawn.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/popen_spawn.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4bb58cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/popen_spawn.py
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+"""Provides an interface like pexpect.spawn interface using subprocess.Popen
+"""
+import os
+import threading
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import time
+import signal
+import shlex
+
+try:
+    from queue import Queue, Empty  # Python 3
+except ImportError:
+    from Queue import Queue, Empty  # Python 2
+
+from .spawnbase import SpawnBase, PY3
+from .exceptions import EOF
+from .utils import string_types
+
+class PopenSpawn(SpawnBase):
+    def __init__(self, cmd, timeout=30, maxread=2000, searchwindowsize=None,
+                 logfile=None, cwd=None, env=None, encoding=None,
+                 codec_errors='strict', preexec_fn=None):
+        super(PopenSpawn, self).__init__(timeout=timeout, maxread=maxread,
+                searchwindowsize=searchwindowsize, logfile=logfile,
+                encoding=encoding, codec_errors=codec_errors)
+
+        # Note that `SpawnBase` initializes `self.crlf` to `\r\n`
+        # because the default behaviour for a PTY is to convert
+        # incoming LF to `\r\n` (see the `onlcr` flag and
+        # https://stackoverflow.com/a/35887657/5397009). Here we set
+        # it to `os.linesep` because that is what the spawned
+        # application outputs by default and `popen` doesn't translate
+        # anything.
+        if encoding is None:
+            self.crlf = os.linesep.encode ("ascii")
+        else:
+            self.crlf = self.string_type (os.linesep)
+
+        kwargs = dict(bufsize=0, stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+                      stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                      cwd=cwd, preexec_fn=preexec_fn, env=env)
+
+        if sys.platform == 'win32':
+            startupinfo = subprocess.STARTUPINFO()
+            startupinfo.dwFlags |= subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
+            kwargs['startupinfo'] = startupinfo
+            kwargs['creationflags'] = subprocess.CREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP
+
+        if isinstance(cmd, string_types) and sys.platform != 'win32':
+            cmd = shlex.split(cmd, posix=os.name == 'posix')
+
+        self.proc = subprocess.Popen(cmd, **kwargs)
+        self.pid = self.proc.pid
+        self.closed = False
+        self._buf = self.string_type()
+
+        self._read_queue = Queue()
+        self._read_thread = threading.Thread(target=self._read_incoming)
+        self._read_thread.setDaemon(True)
+        self._read_thread.start()
+
+    _read_reached_eof = False
+
+    def read_nonblocking(self, size, timeout):
+        buf = self._buf
+        if self._read_reached_eof:
+            # We have already finished reading. Use up any buffered data,
+            # then raise EOF
+            if buf:
+                self._buf = buf[size:]
+                return buf[:size]
+            else:
+                self.flag_eof = True
+                raise EOF('End Of File (EOF).')
+
+        if timeout == -1:
+            timeout = self.timeout
+        elif timeout is None:
+            timeout = 1e6
+
+        t0 = time.time()
+        while (time.time() - t0) < timeout and size and len(buf) < size:
+            try:
+                incoming = self._read_queue.get_nowait()
+            except Empty:
+                break
+            else:
+                if incoming is None:
+                    self._read_reached_eof = True
+                    break
+
+                buf += self._decoder.decode(incoming, final=False)
+
+        r, self._buf = buf[:size], buf[size:]
+
+        self._log(r, 'read')
+        return r
+
+    def _read_incoming(self):
+        """Run in a thread to move output from a pipe to a queue."""
+        fileno = self.proc.stdout.fileno()
+        while 1:
+            buf = b''
+            try:
+                buf = os.read(fileno, 1024)
+            except OSError as e:
+                self._log(e, 'read')
+
+            if not buf:
+                # This indicates we have reached EOF
+                self._read_queue.put(None)
+                return
+
+            self._read_queue.put(buf)
+
+    def write(self, s):
+        '''This is similar to send() except that there is no return value.
+        '''
+        self.send(s)
+
+    def writelines(self, sequence):
+        '''This calls write() for each element in the sequence.
+
+        The sequence can be any iterable object producing strings, typically a
+        list of strings. This does not add line separators. There is no return
+        value.
+        '''
+        for s in sequence:
+            self.send(s)
+
+    def send(self, s):
+        '''Send data to the subprocess' stdin.
+
+        Returns the number of bytes written.
+        '''
+        s = self._coerce_send_string(s)
+        self._log(s, 'send')
+
+        b = self._encoder.encode(s, final=False)
+        if PY3:
+            return self.proc.stdin.write(b)
+        else:
+            # On Python 2, .write() returns None, so we return the length of
+            # bytes written ourselves. This assumes they all got written.
+            self.proc.stdin.write(b)
+            return len(b)
+
+    def sendline(self, s=''):
+        '''Wraps send(), sending string ``s`` to child process, with os.linesep
+        automatically appended. Returns number of bytes written. '''
+
+        n = self.send(s)
+        return n + self.send(self.linesep)
+
+    def wait(self):
+        '''Wait for the subprocess to finish.
+
+        Returns the exit code.
+        '''
+        status = self.proc.wait()
+        if status >= 0:
+            self.exitstatus = status
+            self.signalstatus = None
+        else:
+            self.exitstatus = None
+            self.signalstatus = -status
+        self.terminated = True
+        return status
+
+    def kill(self, sig):
+        '''Sends a Unix signal to the subprocess.
+
+        Use constants from the :mod:`signal` module to specify which signal.
+        '''
+        if sys.platform == 'win32':
+            if sig in [signal.SIGINT, signal.CTRL_C_EVENT]:
+                sig = signal.CTRL_C_EVENT
+            elif sig in [signal.SIGBREAK, signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT]:
+                sig = signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT
+            else:
+                sig = signal.SIGTERM
+
+        os.kill(self.proc.pid, sig)
+
+    def sendeof(self):
+        '''Closes the stdin pipe from the writing end.'''
+        self.proc.stdin.close()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/pty_spawn.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/pty_spawn.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e28ca7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/pty_spawn.py
@@ -0,0 +1,860 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import time
+import pty
+import tty
+import errno
+import signal
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
+import ptyprocess
+from ptyprocess.ptyprocess import use_native_pty_fork
+
+from .exceptions import ExceptionPexpect, EOF, TIMEOUT
+from .spawnbase import SpawnBase
+from .utils import (
+    which, split_command_line, select_ignore_interrupts, poll_ignore_interrupts
+)
+
+@contextmanager
+def _wrap_ptyprocess_err():
+    """Turn ptyprocess errors into our own ExceptionPexpect errors"""
+    try:
+        yield
+    except ptyprocess.PtyProcessError as e:
+        raise ExceptionPexpect(*e.args)
+
+PY3 = (sys.version_info[0] >= 3)
+
+class spawn(SpawnBase):
+    '''This is the main class interface for Pexpect. Use this class to start
+    and control child applications. '''
+
+    # This is purely informational now - changing it has no effect
+    use_native_pty_fork = use_native_pty_fork
+
+    def __init__(self, command, args=[], timeout=30, maxread=2000,
+                 searchwindowsize=None, logfile=None, cwd=None, env=None,
+                 ignore_sighup=False, echo=True, preexec_fn=None,
+                 encoding=None, codec_errors='strict', dimensions=None,
+                 use_poll=False):
+        '''This is the constructor. The command parameter may be a string that
+        includes a command and any arguments to the command. For example::
+
+            child = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/ftp')
+            child = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/ssh user@example.com')
+            child = pexpect.spawn('ls -latr /tmp')
+
+        You may also construct it with a list of arguments like so::
+
+            child = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/ftp', [])
+            child = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/ssh', ['user@example.com'])
+            child = pexpect.spawn('ls', ['-latr', '/tmp'])
+
+        After this the child application will be created and will be ready to
+        talk to. For normal use, see expect() and send() and sendline().
+
+        Remember that Pexpect does NOT interpret shell meta characters such as
+        redirect, pipe, or wild cards (``>``, ``|``, or ``*``). This is a
+        common mistake.  If you want to run a command and pipe it through
+        another command then you must also start a shell. For example::
+
+            child = pexpect.spawn('/bin/bash -c "ls -l | grep LOG > logs.txt"')
+            child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
+
+        The second form of spawn (where you pass a list of arguments) is useful
+        in situations where you wish to spawn a command and pass it its own
+        argument list. This can make syntax more clear. For example, the
+        following is equivalent to the previous example::
+
+            shell_cmd = 'ls -l | grep LOG > logs.txt'
+            child = pexpect.spawn('/bin/bash', ['-c', shell_cmd])
+            child.expect(pexpect.EOF)
+
+        The maxread attribute sets the read buffer size. This is maximum number
+        of bytes that Pexpect will try to read from a TTY at one time. Setting
+        the maxread size to 1 will turn off buffering. Setting the maxread
+        value higher may help performance in cases where large amounts of
+        output are read back from the child. This feature is useful in
+        conjunction with searchwindowsize.
+
+        When the keyword argument *searchwindowsize* is None (default), the
+        full buffer is searched at each iteration of receiving incoming data.
+        The default number of bytes scanned at each iteration is very large
+        and may be reduced to collaterally reduce search cost.  After
+        :meth:`~.expect` returns, the full buffer attribute remains up to
+        size *maxread* irrespective of *searchwindowsize* value.
+
+        When the keyword argument ``timeout`` is specified as a number,
+        (default: *30*), then :class:`TIMEOUT` will be raised after the value
+        specified has elapsed, in seconds, for any of the :meth:`~.expect`
+        family of method calls.  When None, TIMEOUT will not be raised, and
+        :meth:`~.expect` may block indefinitely until match.
+
+
+        The logfile member turns on or off logging. All input and output will
+        be copied to the given file object. Set logfile to None to stop
+        logging. This is the default. Set logfile to sys.stdout to echo
+        everything to standard output. The logfile is flushed after each write.
+
+        Example log input and output to a file::
+
+            child = pexpect.spawn('some_command')
+            fout = open('mylog.txt','wb')
+            child.logfile = fout
+
+        Example log to stdout::
+
+            # In Python 2:
+            child = pexpect.spawn('some_command')
+            child.logfile = sys.stdout
+
+            # In Python 3, we'll use the ``encoding`` argument to decode data
+            # from the subprocess and handle it as unicode:
+            child = pexpect.spawn('some_command', encoding='utf-8')
+            child.logfile = sys.stdout
+
+        The logfile_read and logfile_send members can be used to separately log
+        the input from the child and output sent to the child. Sometimes you
+        don't want to see everything you write to the child. You only want to
+        log what the child sends back. For example::
+
+            child = pexpect.spawn('some_command')
+            child.logfile_read = sys.stdout
+
+        You will need to pass an encoding to spawn in the above code if you are
+        using Python 3.
+
+        To separately log output sent to the child use logfile_send::
+
+            child.logfile_send = fout
+
+        If ``ignore_sighup`` is True, the child process will ignore SIGHUP
+        signals. The default is False from Pexpect 4.0, meaning that SIGHUP
+        will be handled normally by the child.
+
+        The delaybeforesend helps overcome a weird behavior that many users
+        were experiencing. The typical problem was that a user would expect() a
+        "Password:" prompt and then immediately call sendline() to send the
+        password. The user would then see that their password was echoed back
+        to them. Passwords don't normally echo. The problem is caused by the
+        fact that most applications print out the "Password" prompt and then
+        turn off stdin echo, but if you send your password before the
+        application turned off echo, then you get your password echoed.
+        Normally this wouldn't be a problem when interacting with a human at a
+        real keyboard. If you introduce a slight delay just before writing then
+        this seems to clear up the problem. This was such a common problem for
+        many users that I decided that the default pexpect behavior should be
+        to sleep just before writing to the child application. 1/20th of a
+        second (50 ms) seems to be enough to clear up the problem. You can set
+        delaybeforesend to None to return to the old behavior.
+
+        Note that spawn is clever about finding commands on your path.
+        It uses the same logic that "which" uses to find executables.
+
+        If you wish to get the exit status of the child you must call the
+        close() method. The exit or signal status of the child will be stored
+        in self.exitstatus or self.signalstatus. If the child exited normally
+        then exitstatus will store the exit return code and signalstatus will
+        be None. If the child was terminated abnormally with a signal then
+        signalstatus will store the signal value and exitstatus will be None::
+
+            child = pexpect.spawn('some_command')
+            child.close()
+            print(child.exitstatus, child.signalstatus)
+
+        If you need more detail you can also read the self.status member which
+        stores the status returned by os.waitpid. You can interpret this using
+        os.WIFEXITED/os.WEXITSTATUS or os.WIFSIGNALED/os.TERMSIG.
+
+        The echo attribute may be set to False to disable echoing of input.
+        As a pseudo-terminal, all input echoed by the "keyboard" (send()
+        or sendline()) will be repeated to output.  For many cases, it is
+        not desirable to have echo enabled, and it may be later disabled
+        using setecho(False) followed by waitnoecho().  However, for some
+        platforms such as Solaris, this is not possible, and should be
+        disabled immediately on spawn.
+
+        If preexec_fn is given, it will be called in the child process before
+        launching the given command. This is useful to e.g. reset inherited
+        signal handlers.
+
+        The dimensions attribute specifies the size of the pseudo-terminal as
+        seen by the subprocess, and is specified as a two-entry tuple (rows,
+        columns). If this is unspecified, the defaults in ptyprocess will apply.
+
+        The use_poll attribute enables using select.poll() over select.select()
+        for socket handling. This is handy if your system could have > 1024 fds
+        '''
+        super(spawn, self).__init__(timeout=timeout, maxread=maxread, searchwindowsize=searchwindowsize,
+                                    logfile=logfile, encoding=encoding, codec_errors=codec_errors)
+        self.STDIN_FILENO = pty.STDIN_FILENO
+        self.STDOUT_FILENO = pty.STDOUT_FILENO
+        self.STDERR_FILENO = pty.STDERR_FILENO
+        self.str_last_chars = 100
+        self.cwd = cwd
+        self.env = env
+        self.echo = echo
+        self.ignore_sighup = ignore_sighup
+        self.__irix_hack = sys.platform.lower().startswith('irix')
+        if command is None:
+            self.command = None
+            self.args = None
+            self.name = '<pexpect factory incomplete>'
+        else:
+            self._spawn(command, args, preexec_fn, dimensions)
+        self.use_poll = use_poll
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        '''This returns a human-readable string that represents the state of
+        the object. '''
+
+        s = []
+        s.append(repr(self))
+        s.append('command: ' + str(self.command))
+        s.append('args: %r' % (self.args,))
+        s.append('buffer (last %s chars): %r' % (self.str_last_chars,self.buffer[-self.str_last_chars:]))
+        s.append('before (last %s chars): %r' % (self.str_last_chars,self.before[-self.str_last_chars:] if self.before else ''))
+        s.append('after: %r' % (self.after,))
+        s.append('match: %r' % (self.match,))
+        s.append('match_index: ' + str(self.match_index))
+        s.append('exitstatus: ' + str(self.exitstatus))
+        if hasattr(self, 'ptyproc'):
+            s.append('flag_eof: ' + str(self.flag_eof))
+        s.append('pid: ' + str(self.pid))
+        s.append('child_fd: ' + str(self.child_fd))
+        s.append('closed: ' + str(self.closed))
+        s.append('timeout: ' + str(self.timeout))
+        s.append('delimiter: ' + str(self.delimiter))
+        s.append('logfile: ' + str(self.logfile))
+        s.append('logfile_read: ' + str(self.logfile_read))
+        s.append('logfile_send: ' + str(self.logfile_send))
+        s.append('maxread: ' + str(self.maxread))
+        s.append('ignorecase: ' + str(self.ignorecase))
+        s.append('searchwindowsize: ' + str(self.searchwindowsize))
+        s.append('delaybeforesend: ' + str(self.delaybeforesend))
+        s.append('delayafterclose: ' + str(self.delayafterclose))
+        s.append('delayafterterminate: ' + str(self.delayafterterminate))
+        return '\n'.join(s)
+
+    def _spawn(self, command, args=[], preexec_fn=None, dimensions=None):
+        '''This starts the given command in a child process. This does all the
+        fork/exec type of stuff for a pty. This is called by __init__. If args
+        is empty then command will be parsed (split on spaces) and args will be
+        set to parsed arguments. '''
+
+        # The pid and child_fd of this object get set by this method.
+        # Note that it is difficult for this method to fail.
+        # You cannot detect if the child process cannot start.
+        # So the only way you can tell if the child process started
+        # or not is to try to read from the file descriptor. If you get
+        # EOF immediately then it means that the child is already dead.
+        # That may not necessarily be bad because you may have spawned a child
+        # that performs some task; creates no stdout output; and then dies.
+
+        # If command is an int type then it may represent a file descriptor.
+        if isinstance(command, type(0)):
+            raise ExceptionPexpect('Command is an int type. ' +
+                    'If this is a file descriptor then maybe you want to ' +
+                    'use fdpexpect.fdspawn which takes an existing ' +
+                    'file descriptor instead of a command string.')
+
+        if not isinstance(args, type([])):
+            raise TypeError('The argument, args, must be a list.')
+
+        if args == []:
+            self.args = split_command_line(command)
+            self.command = self.args[0]
+        else:
+            # Make a shallow copy of the args list.
+            self.args = args[:]
+            self.args.insert(0, command)
+            self.command = command
+
+        command_with_path = which(self.command, env=self.env)
+        if command_with_path is None:
+            raise ExceptionPexpect('The command was not found or was not ' +
+                    'executable: %s.' % self.command)
+        self.command = command_with_path
+        self.args[0] = self.command
+
+        self.name = '<' + ' '.join(self.args) + '>'
+
+        assert self.pid is None, 'The pid member must be None.'
+        assert self.command is not None, 'The command member must not be None.'
+
+        kwargs = {'echo': self.echo, 'preexec_fn': preexec_fn}
+        if self.ignore_sighup:
+            def preexec_wrapper():
+                "Set SIGHUP to be ignored, then call the real preexec_fn"
+                signal.signal(signal.SIGHUP, signal.SIG_IGN)
+                if preexec_fn is not None:
+                    preexec_fn()
+            kwargs['preexec_fn'] = preexec_wrapper
+
+        if dimensions is not None:
+            kwargs['dimensions'] = dimensions
+
+        if self.encoding is not None:
+            # Encode command line using the specified encoding
+            self.args = [a if isinstance(a, bytes) else a.encode(self.encoding)
+                         for a in self.args]
+
+        self.ptyproc = self._spawnpty(self.args, env=self.env,
+                                     cwd=self.cwd, **kwargs)
+
+        self.pid = self.ptyproc.pid
+        self.child_fd = self.ptyproc.fd
+
+
+        self.terminated = False
+        self.closed = False
+
+    def _spawnpty(self, args, **kwargs):
+        '''Spawn a pty and return an instance of PtyProcess.'''
+        return ptyprocess.PtyProcess.spawn(args, **kwargs)
+
+    def close(self, force=True):
+        '''This closes the connection with the child application. Note that
+        calling close() more than once is valid. This emulates standard Python
+        behavior with files. Set force to True if you want to make sure that
+        the child is terminated (SIGKILL is sent if the child ignores SIGHUP
+        and SIGINT). '''
+
+        self.flush()
+        with _wrap_ptyprocess_err():
+            # PtyProcessError may be raised if it is not possible to terminate
+            # the child.
+            self.ptyproc.close(force=force)
+        self.isalive()  # Update exit status from ptyproc
+        self.child_fd = -1
+        self.closed = True
+
+    def isatty(self):
+        '''This returns True if the file descriptor is open and connected to a
+        tty(-like) device, else False.
+
+        On SVR4-style platforms implementing streams, such as SunOS and HP-UX,
+        the child pty may not appear as a terminal device.  This means
+        methods such as setecho(), setwinsize(), getwinsize() may raise an
+        IOError. '''
+
+        return os.isatty(self.child_fd)
+
+    def waitnoecho(self, timeout=-1):
+        '''This waits until the terminal ECHO flag is set False. This returns
+        True if the echo mode is off. This returns False if the ECHO flag was
+        not set False before the timeout. This can be used to detect when the
+        child is waiting for a password. Usually a child application will turn
+        off echo mode when it is waiting for the user to enter a password. For
+        example, instead of expecting the "password:" prompt you can wait for
+        the child to set ECHO off::
+
+            p = pexpect.spawn('ssh user@example.com')
+            p.waitnoecho()
+            p.sendline(mypassword)
+
+        If timeout==-1 then this method will use the value in self.timeout.
+        If timeout==None then this method to block until ECHO flag is False.
+        '''
+
+        if timeout == -1:
+            timeout = self.timeout
+        if timeout is not None:
+            end_time = time.time() + timeout
+        while True:
+            if not self.getecho():
+                return True
+            if timeout < 0 and timeout is not None:
+                return False
+            if timeout is not None:
+                timeout = end_time - time.time()
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+
+    def getecho(self):
+        '''This returns the terminal echo mode. This returns True if echo is
+        on or False if echo is off. Child applications that are expecting you
+        to enter a password often set ECHO False. See waitnoecho().
+
+        Not supported on platforms where ``isatty()`` returns False.  '''
+        return self.ptyproc.getecho()
+
+    def setecho(self, state):
+        '''This sets the terminal echo mode on or off. Note that anything the
+        child sent before the echo will be lost, so you should be sure that
+        your input buffer is empty before you call setecho(). For example, the
+        following will work as expected::
+
+            p = pexpect.spawn('cat') # Echo is on by default.
+            p.sendline('1234') # We expect see this twice from the child...
+            p.expect(['1234']) # ... once from the tty echo...
+            p.expect(['1234']) # ... and again from cat itself.
+            p.setecho(False) # Turn off tty echo
+            p.sendline('abcd') # We will set this only once (echoed by cat).
+            p.sendline('wxyz') # We will set this only once (echoed by cat)
+            p.expect(['abcd'])
+            p.expect(['wxyz'])
+
+        The following WILL NOT WORK because the lines sent before the setecho
+        will be lost::
+
+            p = pexpect.spawn('cat')
+            p.sendline('1234')
+            p.setecho(False) # Turn off tty echo
+            p.sendline('abcd') # We will set this only once (echoed by cat).
+            p.sendline('wxyz') # We will set this only once (echoed by cat)
+            p.expect(['1234'])
+            p.expect(['1234'])
+            p.expect(['abcd'])
+            p.expect(['wxyz'])
+
+
+        Not supported on platforms where ``isatty()`` returns False.
+        '''
+        return self.ptyproc.setecho(state)
+
+    def read_nonblocking(self, size=1, timeout=-1):
+        '''This reads at most size characters from the child application. It
+        includes a timeout. If the read does not complete within the timeout
+        period then a TIMEOUT exception is raised. If the end of file is read
+        then an EOF exception will be raised.  If a logfile is specified, a
+        copy is written to that log.
+
+        If timeout is None then the read may block indefinitely.
+        If timeout is -1 then the self.timeout value is used. If timeout is 0
+        then the child is polled and if there is no data immediately ready
+        then this will raise a TIMEOUT exception.
+
+        The timeout refers only to the amount of time to read at least one
+        character. This is not affected by the 'size' parameter, so if you call
+        read_nonblocking(size=100, timeout=30) and only one character is
+        available right away then one character will be returned immediately.
+        It will not wait for 30 seconds for another 99 characters to come in.
+
+        On the other hand, if there are bytes available to read immediately,
+        all those bytes will be read (up to the buffer size). So, if the
+        buffer size is 1 megabyte and there is 1 megabyte of data available
+        to read, the buffer will be filled, regardless of timeout.
+
+        This is a wrapper around os.read(). It uses select.select() or
+        select.poll() to implement the timeout. '''
+
+        if self.closed:
+            raise ValueError('I/O operation on closed file.')
+
+        if self.use_poll:
+            def select(timeout):
+                return poll_ignore_interrupts([self.child_fd], timeout)
+        else:
+            def select(timeout):
+                return select_ignore_interrupts([self.child_fd], [], [], timeout)[0]
+
+        # If there is data available to read right now, read as much as
+        # we can. We do this to increase performance if there are a lot
+        # of bytes to be read. This also avoids calling isalive() too
+        # often. See also:
+        # * https://github.com/pexpect/pexpect/pull/304
+        # * http://trac.sagemath.org/ticket/10295
+        if select(0):
+            try:
+                incoming = super(spawn, self).read_nonblocking(size)
+            except EOF:
+                # Maybe the child is dead: update some attributes in that case
+                self.isalive()
+                raise
+            while len(incoming) < size and select(0):
+                try:
+                    incoming += super(spawn, self).read_nonblocking(size - len(incoming))
+                except EOF:
+                    # Maybe the child is dead: update some attributes in that case
+                    self.isalive()
+                    # Don't raise EOF, just return what we read so far.
+                    return incoming
+            return incoming
+
+        if timeout == -1:
+            timeout = self.timeout
+
+        if not self.isalive():
+            # The process is dead, but there may or may not be data
+            # available to read. Note that some systems such as Solaris
+            # do not give an EOF when the child dies. In fact, you can
+            # still try to read from the child_fd -- it will block
+            # forever or until TIMEOUT. For that reason, it's important
+            # to do this check before calling select() with timeout.
+            if select(0):
+                return super(spawn, self).read_nonblocking(size)
+            self.flag_eof = True
+            raise EOF('End Of File (EOF). Braindead platform.')
+        elif self.__irix_hack:
+            # Irix takes a long time before it realizes a child was terminated.
+            # Make sure that the timeout is at least 2 seconds.
+            # FIXME So does this mean Irix systems are forced to always have
+            # FIXME a 2 second delay when calling read_nonblocking? That sucks.
+            if timeout is not None and timeout < 2:
+                timeout = 2
+
+        # Because of the select(0) check above, we know that no data
+        # is available right now. But if a non-zero timeout is given
+        # (possibly timeout=None), we call select() with a timeout.
+        if (timeout != 0) and select(timeout):
+            return super(spawn, self).read_nonblocking(size)
+
+        if not self.isalive():
+            # Some platforms, such as Irix, will claim that their
+            # processes are alive; timeout on the select; and
+            # then finally admit that they are not alive.
+            self.flag_eof = True
+            raise EOF('End of File (EOF). Very slow platform.')
+        else:
+            raise TIMEOUT('Timeout exceeded.')
+
+    def write(self, s):
+        '''This is similar to send() except that there is no return value.
+        '''
+
+        self.send(s)
+
+    def writelines(self, sequence):
+        '''This calls write() for each element in the sequence. The sequence
+        can be any iterable object producing strings, typically a list of
+        strings. This does not add line separators. There is no return value.
+        '''
+
+        for s in sequence:
+            self.write(s)
+
+    def send(self, s):
+        '''Sends string ``s`` to the child process, returning the number of
+        bytes written. If a logfile is specified, a copy is written to that
+        log.
+
+        The default terminal input mode is canonical processing unless set
+        otherwise by the child process. This allows backspace and other line
+        processing to be performed prior to transmitting to the receiving
+        program. As this is buffered, there is a limited size of such buffer.
+
+        On Linux systems, this is 4096 (defined by N_TTY_BUF_SIZE). All
+        other systems honor the POSIX.1 definition PC_MAX_CANON -- 1024
+        on OSX, 256 on OpenSolaris, and 1920 on FreeBSD.
+
+        This value may be discovered using fpathconf(3)::
+
+            >>> from os import fpathconf
+            >>> print(fpathconf(0, 'PC_MAX_CANON'))
+            256
+
+        On such a system, only 256 bytes may be received per line. Any
+        subsequent bytes received will be discarded. BEL (``'\a'``) is then
+        sent to output if IMAXBEL (termios.h) is set by the tty driver.
+        This is usually enabled by default.  Linux does not honor this as
+        an option -- it behaves as though it is always set on.
+
+        Canonical input processing may be disabled altogether by executing
+        a shell, then stty(1), before executing the final program::
+
+            >>> bash = pexpect.spawn('/bin/bash', echo=False)
+            >>> bash.sendline('stty -icanon')
+            >>> bash.sendline('base64')
+            >>> bash.sendline('x' * 5000)
+        '''
+
+        if self.delaybeforesend is not None:
+            time.sleep(self.delaybeforesend)
+
+        s = self._coerce_send_string(s)
+        self._log(s, 'send')
+
+        b = self._encoder.encode(s, final=False)
+        return os.write(self.child_fd, b)
+
+    def sendline(self, s=''):
+        '''Wraps send(), sending string ``s`` to child process, with
+        ``os.linesep`` automatically appended. Returns number of bytes
+        written.  Only a limited number of bytes may be sent for each
+        line in the default terminal mode, see docstring of :meth:`send`.
+        '''
+        s = self._coerce_send_string(s)
+        return self.send(s + self.linesep)
+
+    def _log_control(self, s):
+        """Write control characters to the appropriate log files"""
+        if self.encoding is not None:
+            s = s.decode(self.encoding, 'replace')
+        self._log(s, 'send')
+
+    def sendcontrol(self, char):
+        '''Helper method that wraps send() with mnemonic access for sending control
+        character to the child (such as Ctrl-C or Ctrl-D).  For example, to send
+        Ctrl-G (ASCII 7, bell, '\a')::
+
+            child.sendcontrol('g')
+
+        See also, sendintr() and sendeof().
+        '''
+        n, byte = self.ptyproc.sendcontrol(char)
+        self._log_control(byte)
+        return n
+
+    def sendeof(self):
+        '''This sends an EOF to the child. This sends a character which causes
+        the pending parent output buffer to be sent to the waiting child
+        program without waiting for end-of-line. If it is the first character
+        of the line, the read() in the user program returns 0, which signifies
+        end-of-file. This means to work as expected a sendeof() has to be
+        called at the beginning of a line. This method does not send a newline.
+        It is the responsibility of the caller to ensure the eof is sent at the
+        beginning of a line. '''
+
+        n, byte = self.ptyproc.sendeof()
+        self._log_control(byte)
+
+    def sendintr(self):
+        '''This sends a SIGINT to the child. It does not require
+        the SIGINT to be the first character on a line. '''
+
+        n, byte = self.ptyproc.sendintr()
+        self._log_control(byte)
+
+    @property
+    def flag_eof(self):
+        return self.ptyproc.flag_eof
+
+    @flag_eof.setter
+    def flag_eof(self, value):
+        self.ptyproc.flag_eof = value
+
+    def eof(self):
+        '''This returns True if the EOF exception was ever raised.
+        '''
+        return self.flag_eof
+
+    def terminate(self, force=False):
+        '''This forces a child process to terminate. It starts nicely with
+        SIGHUP and SIGINT. If "force" is True then moves onto SIGKILL. This
+        returns True if the child was terminated. This returns False if the
+        child could not be terminated. '''
+
+        if not self.isalive():
+            return True
+        try:
+            self.kill(signal.SIGHUP)
+            time.sleep(self.delayafterterminate)
+            if not self.isalive():
+                return True
+            self.kill(signal.SIGCONT)
+            time.sleep(self.delayafterterminate)
+            if not self.isalive():
+                return True
+            self.kill(signal.SIGINT)
+            time.sleep(self.delayafterterminate)
+            if not self.isalive():
+                return True
+            if force:
+                self.kill(signal.SIGKILL)
+                time.sleep(self.delayafterterminate)
+                if not self.isalive():
+                    return True
+                else:
+                    return False
+            return False
+        except OSError:
+            # I think there are kernel timing issues that sometimes cause
+            # this to happen. I think isalive() reports True, but the
+            # process is dead to the kernel.
+            # Make one last attempt to see if the kernel is up to date.
+            time.sleep(self.delayafterterminate)
+            if not self.isalive():
+                return True
+            else:
+                return False
+
+    def wait(self):
+        '''This waits until the child exits. This is a blocking call. This will
+        not read any data from the child, so this will block forever if the
+        child has unread output and has terminated. In other words, the child
+        may have printed output then called exit(), but, the child is
+        technically still alive until its output is read by the parent.
+
+        This method is non-blocking if :meth:`wait` has already been called
+        previously or :meth:`isalive` method returns False.  It simply returns
+        the previously determined exit status.
+        '''
+
+        ptyproc = self.ptyproc
+        with _wrap_ptyprocess_err():
+            # exception may occur if "Is some other process attempting
+            # "job control with our child pid?"
+            exitstatus = ptyproc.wait()
+        self.status = ptyproc.status
+        self.exitstatus = ptyproc.exitstatus
+        self.signalstatus = ptyproc.signalstatus
+        self.terminated = True
+
+        return exitstatus
+
+    def isalive(self):
+        '''This tests if the child process is running or not. This is
+        non-blocking. If the child was terminated then this will read the
+        exitstatus or signalstatus of the child. This returns True if the child
+        process appears to be running or False if not. It can take literally
+        SECONDS for Solaris to return the right status. '''
+
+        ptyproc = self.ptyproc
+        with _wrap_ptyprocess_err():
+            alive = ptyproc.isalive()
+
+        if not alive:
+            self.status = ptyproc.status
+            self.exitstatus = ptyproc.exitstatus
+            self.signalstatus = ptyproc.signalstatus
+            self.terminated = True
+
+        return alive
+
+    def kill(self, sig):
+
+        '''This sends the given signal to the child application. In keeping
+        with UNIX tradition it has a misleading name. It does not necessarily
+        kill the child unless you send the right signal. '''
+
+        # Same as os.kill, but the pid is given for you.
+        if self.isalive():
+            os.kill(self.pid, sig)
+
+    def getwinsize(self):
+        '''This returns the terminal window size of the child tty. The return
+        value is a tuple of (rows, cols). '''
+        return self.ptyproc.getwinsize()
+
+    def setwinsize(self, rows, cols):
+        '''This sets the terminal window size of the child tty. This will cause
+        a SIGWINCH signal to be sent to the child. This does not change the
+        physical window size. It changes the size reported to TTY-aware
+        applications like vi or curses -- applications that respond to the
+        SIGWINCH signal. '''
+        return self.ptyproc.setwinsize(rows, cols)
+
+
+    def interact(self, escape_character=chr(29),
+            input_filter=None, output_filter=None):
+
+        '''This gives control of the child process to the interactive user (the
+        human at the keyboard). Keystrokes are sent to the child process, and
+        the stdout and stderr output of the child process is printed. This
+        simply echos the child stdout and child stderr to the real stdout and
+        it echos the real stdin to the child stdin. When the user types the
+        escape_character this method will return None. The escape_character
+        will not be transmitted.  The default for escape_character is
+        entered as ``Ctrl - ]``, the very same as BSD telnet. To prevent
+        escaping, escape_character may be set to None.
+
+        If a logfile is specified, then the data sent and received from the
+        child process in interact mode is duplicated to the given log.
+
+        You may pass in optional input and output filter functions. These
+        functions should take bytes array and return bytes array too. Even
+        with ``encoding='utf-8'`` support, meth:`interact` will always pass
+        input_filter and output_filter bytes. You may need to wrap your
+        function to decode and encode back to UTF-8.
+
+        The output_filter will be passed all the output from the child process.
+        The input_filter will be passed all the keyboard input from the user.
+        The input_filter is run BEFORE the check for the escape_character.
+
+        Note that if you change the window size of the parent the SIGWINCH
+        signal will not be passed through to the child. If you want the child
+        window size to change when the parent's window size changes then do
+        something like the following example::
+
+            import pexpect, struct, fcntl, termios, signal, sys
+            def sigwinch_passthrough (sig, data):
+                s = struct.pack("HHHH", 0, 0, 0, 0)
+                a = struct.unpack('hhhh', fcntl.ioctl(sys.stdout.fileno(),
+                    termios.TIOCGWINSZ , s))
+                if not p.closed:
+                    p.setwinsize(a[0],a[1])
+
+            # Note this 'p' is global and used in sigwinch_passthrough.
+            p = pexpect.spawn('/bin/bash')
+            signal.signal(signal.SIGWINCH, sigwinch_passthrough)
+            p.interact()
+        '''
+
+        # Flush the buffer.
+        self.write_to_stdout(self.buffer)
+        self.stdout.flush()
+        self._buffer = self.buffer_type()
+        mode = tty.tcgetattr(self.STDIN_FILENO)
+        tty.setraw(self.STDIN_FILENO)
+        if escape_character is not None and PY3:
+            escape_character = escape_character.encode('latin-1')
+        try:
+            self.__interact_copy(escape_character, input_filter, output_filter)
+        finally:
+            tty.tcsetattr(self.STDIN_FILENO, tty.TCSAFLUSH, mode)
+
+    def __interact_writen(self, fd, data):
+        '''This is used by the interact() method.
+        '''
+
+        while data != b'' and self.isalive():
+            n = os.write(fd, data)
+            data = data[n:]
+
+    def __interact_read(self, fd):
+        '''This is used by the interact() method.
+        '''
+
+        return os.read(fd, 1000)
+
+    def __interact_copy(
+        self, escape_character=None, input_filter=None, output_filter=None
+    ):
+
+        '''This is used by the interact() method.
+        '''
+
+        while self.isalive():
+            if self.use_poll:
+                r = poll_ignore_interrupts([self.child_fd, self.STDIN_FILENO])
+            else:
+                r, w, e = select_ignore_interrupts(
+                    [self.child_fd, self.STDIN_FILENO], [], []
+                )
+            if self.child_fd in r:
+                try:
+                    data = self.__interact_read(self.child_fd)
+                except OSError as err:
+                    if err.args[0] == errno.EIO:
+                        # Linux-style EOF
+                        break
+                    raise
+                if data == b'':
+                    # BSD-style EOF
+                    break
+                if output_filter:
+                    data = output_filter(data)
+                self._log(data, 'read')
+                os.write(self.STDOUT_FILENO, data)
+            if self.STDIN_FILENO in r:
+                data = self.__interact_read(self.STDIN_FILENO)
+                if input_filter:
+                    data = input_filter(data)
+                i = -1
+                if escape_character is not None:
+                    i = data.rfind(escape_character)
+                if i != -1:
+                    data = data[:i]
+                    if data:
+                        self._log(data, 'send')
+                    self.__interact_writen(self.child_fd, data)
+                    break
+                self._log(data, 'send')
+                self.__interact_writen(self.child_fd, data)
+
+
+def spawnu(*args, **kwargs):
+    """Deprecated: pass encoding to spawn() instead."""
+    kwargs.setdefault('encoding', 'utf-8')
+    return spawn(*args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/pxssh.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/pxssh.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d53bd9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/pxssh.py
@@ -0,0 +1,537 @@
+'''This class extends pexpect.spawn to specialize setting up SSH connections.
+This adds methods for login, logout, and expecting the shell prompt.
+
+PEXPECT LICENSE
+
+    This license is approved by the OSI and FSF as GPL-compatible.
+        http://opensource.org/licenses/isc-license.txt
+
+    Copyright (c) 2012, Noah Spurrier <noah@noah.org>
+    PERMISSION TO USE, COPY, MODIFY, AND/OR DISTRIBUTE THIS SOFTWARE FOR ANY
+    PURPOSE WITH OR WITHOUT FEE IS HEREBY GRANTED, PROVIDED THAT THE ABOVE
+    COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND THIS PERMISSION NOTICE APPEAR IN ALL COPIES.
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+    WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+    MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+    ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+    WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+    ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+    OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+'''
+
+from pexpect import ExceptionPexpect, TIMEOUT, EOF, spawn
+import time
+import os
+import sys
+import re
+
+__all__ = ['ExceptionPxssh', 'pxssh']
+
+# Exception classes used by this module.
+class ExceptionPxssh(ExceptionPexpect):
+    '''Raised for pxssh exceptions.
+    '''
+
+if sys.version_info > (3, 0):
+    from shlex import quote
+else:
+    _find_unsafe = re.compile(r'[^\w@%+=:,./-]').search
+
+    def quote(s):
+        """Return a shell-escaped version of the string *s*."""
+        if not s:
+            return "''"
+        if _find_unsafe(s) is None:
+            return s
+
+        # use single quotes, and put single quotes into double quotes
+        # the string $'b is then quoted as '$'"'"'b'
+        return "'" + s.replace("'", "'\"'\"'") + "'"
+
+class pxssh (spawn):
+    '''This class extends pexpect.spawn to specialize setting up SSH
+    connections. This adds methods for login, logout, and expecting the shell
+    prompt. It does various tricky things to handle many situations in the SSH
+    login process. For example, if the session is your first login, then pxssh
+    automatically accepts the remote certificate; or if you have public key
+    authentication setup then pxssh won't wait for the password prompt.
+
+    pxssh uses the shell prompt to synchronize output from the remote host. In
+    order to make this more robust it sets the shell prompt to something more
+    unique than just $ or #. This should work on most Borne/Bash or Csh style
+    shells.
+
+    Example that runs a few commands on a remote server and prints the result::
+
+        from pexpect import pxssh
+        import getpass
+        try:
+            s = pxssh.pxssh()
+            hostname = raw_input('hostname: ')
+            username = raw_input('username: ')
+            password = getpass.getpass('password: ')
+            s.login(hostname, username, password)
+            s.sendline('uptime')   # run a command
+            s.prompt()             # match the prompt
+            print(s.before)        # print everything before the prompt.
+            s.sendline('ls -l')
+            s.prompt()
+            print(s.before)
+            s.sendline('df')
+            s.prompt()
+            print(s.before)
+            s.logout()
+        except pxssh.ExceptionPxssh as e:
+            print("pxssh failed on login.")
+            print(e)
+
+    Example showing how to specify SSH options::
+
+        from pexpect import pxssh
+        s = pxssh.pxssh(options={
+                            "StrictHostKeyChecking": "no",
+                            "UserKnownHostsFile": "/dev/null"})
+        ...
+
+    Note that if you have ssh-agent running while doing development with pxssh
+    then this can lead to a lot of confusion. Many X display managers (xdm,
+    gdm, kdm, etc.) will automatically start a GUI agent. You may see a GUI
+    dialog box popup asking for a password during development. You should turn
+    off any key agents during testing. The 'force_password' attribute will turn
+    off public key authentication. This will only work if the remote SSH server
+    is configured to allow password logins. Example of using 'force_password'
+    attribute::
+
+            s = pxssh.pxssh()
+            s.force_password = True
+            hostname = raw_input('hostname: ')
+            username = raw_input('username: ')
+            password = getpass.getpass('password: ')
+            s.login (hostname, username, password)
+
+    `debug_command_string` is only for the test suite to confirm that the string
+    generated for SSH is correct, using this will not allow you to do
+    anything other than get a string back from `pxssh.pxssh.login()`.
+    '''
+
+    def __init__ (self, timeout=30, maxread=2000, searchwindowsize=None,
+                    logfile=None, cwd=None, env=None, ignore_sighup=True, echo=True,
+                    options={}, encoding=None, codec_errors='strict',
+                    debug_command_string=False, use_poll=False):
+
+        spawn.__init__(self, None, timeout=timeout, maxread=maxread,
+                       searchwindowsize=searchwindowsize, logfile=logfile,
+                       cwd=cwd, env=env, ignore_sighup=ignore_sighup, echo=echo,
+                       encoding=encoding, codec_errors=codec_errors, use_poll=use_poll)
+
+        self.name = '<pxssh>'
+
+        #SUBTLE HACK ALERT! Note that the command that SETS the prompt uses a
+        #slightly different string than the regular expression to match it. This
+        #is because when you set the prompt the command will echo back, but we
+        #don't want to match the echoed command. So if we make the set command
+        #slightly different than the regex we eliminate the problem. To make the
+        #set command different we add a backslash in front of $. The $ doesn't
+        #need to be escaped, but it doesn't hurt and serves to make the set
+        #prompt command different than the regex.
+
+        # used to match the command-line prompt
+        self.UNIQUE_PROMPT = r"\[PEXPECT\][\$\#] "
+        self.PROMPT = self.UNIQUE_PROMPT
+
+        # used to set shell command-line prompt to UNIQUE_PROMPT.
+        self.PROMPT_SET_SH = r"PS1='[PEXPECT]\$ '"
+        self.PROMPT_SET_CSH = r"set prompt='[PEXPECT]\$ '"
+        self.SSH_OPTS = ("-o'RSAAuthentication=no'"
+                + " -o 'PubkeyAuthentication=no'")
+# Disabling host key checking, makes you vulnerable to MITM attacks.
+#                + " -o 'StrictHostKeyChecking=no'"
+#                + " -o 'UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null' ")
+        # Disabling X11 forwarding gets rid of the annoying SSH_ASKPASS from
+        # displaying a GUI password dialog. I have not figured out how to
+        # disable only SSH_ASKPASS without also disabling X11 forwarding.
+        # Unsetting SSH_ASKPASS on the remote side doesn't disable it! Annoying!
+        #self.SSH_OPTS = "-x -o'RSAAuthentication=no' -o 'PubkeyAuthentication=no'"
+        self.force_password = False
+
+        self.debug_command_string = debug_command_string
+
+        # User defined SSH options, eg,
+        # ssh.otions = dict(StrictHostKeyChecking="no",UserKnownHostsFile="/dev/null")
+        self.options = options
+
+    def levenshtein_distance(self, a, b):
+        '''This calculates the Levenshtein distance between a and b.
+        '''
+
+        n, m = len(a), len(b)
+        if n > m:
+            a,b = b,a
+            n,m = m,n
+        current = range(n+1)
+        for i in range(1,m+1):
+            previous, current = current, [i]+[0]*n
+            for j in range(1,n+1):
+                add, delete = previous[j]+1, current[j-1]+1
+                change = previous[j-1]
+                if a[j-1] != b[i-1]:
+                    change = change + 1
+                current[j] = min(add, delete, change)
+        return current[n]
+
+    def try_read_prompt(self, timeout_multiplier):
+        '''This facilitates using communication timeouts to perform
+        synchronization as quickly as possible, while supporting high latency
+        connections with a tunable worst case performance. Fast connections
+        should be read almost immediately. Worst case performance for this
+        method is timeout_multiplier * 3 seconds.
+        '''
+
+        # maximum time allowed to read the first response
+        first_char_timeout = timeout_multiplier * 0.5
+
+        # maximum time allowed between subsequent characters
+        inter_char_timeout = timeout_multiplier * 0.1
+
+        # maximum time for reading the entire prompt
+        total_timeout = timeout_multiplier * 3.0
+
+        prompt = self.string_type()
+        begin = time.time()
+        expired = 0.0
+        timeout = first_char_timeout
+
+        while expired < total_timeout:
+            try:
+                prompt += self.read_nonblocking(size=1, timeout=timeout)
+                expired = time.time() - begin # updated total time expired
+                timeout = inter_char_timeout
+            except TIMEOUT:
+                break
+
+        return prompt
+
+    def sync_original_prompt (self, sync_multiplier=1.0):
+        '''This attempts to find the prompt. Basically, press enter and record
+        the response; press enter again and record the response; if the two
+        responses are similar then assume we are at the original prompt.
+        This can be a slow function. Worst case with the default sync_multiplier
+        can take 12 seconds. Low latency connections are more likely to fail
+        with a low sync_multiplier. Best case sync time gets worse with a
+        high sync multiplier (500 ms with default). '''
+
+        # All of these timing pace values are magic.
+        # I came up with these based on what seemed reliable for
+        # connecting to a heavily loaded machine I have.
+        self.sendline()
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+
+        try:
+            # Clear the buffer before getting the prompt.
+            self.try_read_prompt(sync_multiplier)
+        except TIMEOUT:
+            pass
+
+        self.sendline()
+        x = self.try_read_prompt(sync_multiplier)
+
+        self.sendline()
+        a = self.try_read_prompt(sync_multiplier)
+
+        self.sendline()
+        b = self.try_read_prompt(sync_multiplier)
+
+        ld = self.levenshtein_distance(a,b)
+        len_a = len(a)
+        if len_a == 0:
+            return False
+        if float(ld)/len_a < 0.4:
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    ### TODO: This is getting messy and I'm pretty sure this isn't perfect.
+    ### TODO: I need to draw a flow chart for this.
+    ### TODO: Unit tests for SSH tunnels, remote SSH command exec, disabling original prompt sync
+    def login (self, server, username=None, password='', terminal_type='ansi',
+                original_prompt=r"[#$]", login_timeout=10, port=None,
+                auto_prompt_reset=True, ssh_key=None, quiet=True,
+                sync_multiplier=1, check_local_ip=True,
+                password_regex=r'(?i)(?:password:)|(?:passphrase for key)',
+                ssh_tunnels={}, spawn_local_ssh=True,
+                sync_original_prompt=True, ssh_config=None, cmd='ssh'):
+        '''This logs the user into the given server.
+
+        It uses 'original_prompt' to try to find the prompt right after login.
+        When it finds the prompt it immediately tries to reset the prompt to
+        something more easily matched. The default 'original_prompt' is very
+        optimistic and is easily fooled. It's more reliable to try to match the original
+        prompt as exactly as possible to prevent false matches by server
+        strings such as the "Message Of The Day". On many systems you can
+        disable the MOTD on the remote server by creating a zero-length file
+        called :file:`~/.hushlogin` on the remote server. If a prompt cannot be found
+        then this will not necessarily cause the login to fail. In the case of
+        a timeout when looking for the prompt we assume that the original
+        prompt was so weird that we could not match it, so we use a few tricks
+        to guess when we have reached the prompt. Then we hope for the best and
+        blindly try to reset the prompt to something more unique. If that fails
+        then login() raises an :class:`ExceptionPxssh` exception.
+
+        In some situations it is not possible or desirable to reset the
+        original prompt. In this case, pass ``auto_prompt_reset=False`` to
+        inhibit setting the prompt to the UNIQUE_PROMPT. Remember that pxssh
+        uses a unique prompt in the :meth:`prompt` method. If the original prompt is
+        not reset then this will disable the :meth:`prompt` method unless you
+        manually set the :attr:`PROMPT` attribute.
+
+        Set ``password_regex`` if there is a MOTD message with `password` in it.
+        Changing this is like playing in traffic, don't (p)expect it to match straight
+        away.
+
+        If you require to connect to another SSH server from the your original SSH
+        connection set ``spawn_local_ssh`` to `False` and this will use your current
+        session to do so. Setting this option to `False` and not having an active session
+        will trigger an error.
+
+        Set ``ssh_key`` to a file path to an SSH private key to use that SSH key
+        for the session authentication.
+        Set ``ssh_key`` to `True` to force passing the current SSH authentication socket
+        to the desired ``hostname``.
+
+        Set ``ssh_config`` to a file path string of an SSH client config file to pass that
+        file to the client to handle itself. You may set any options you wish in here, however
+        doing so will require you to post extra information that you may not want to if you
+        run into issues.
+
+        Alter the ``cmd`` to change the ssh client used, or to prepend it with network
+        namespaces. For example ```cmd="ip netns exec vlan2 ssh"``` to execute the ssh in
+        network namespace named ```vlan```.
+        '''
+
+        session_regex_array = ["(?i)are you sure you want to continue connecting", original_prompt, password_regex, "(?i)permission denied", "(?i)terminal type", TIMEOUT]
+        session_init_regex_array = []
+        session_init_regex_array.extend(session_regex_array)
+        session_init_regex_array.extend(["(?i)connection closed by remote host", EOF])
+
+        ssh_options = ''.join([" -o '%s=%s'" % (o, v) for (o, v) in self.options.items()])
+        if quiet:
+            ssh_options = ssh_options + ' -q'
+        if not check_local_ip:
+            ssh_options = ssh_options + " -o'NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost=yes'"
+        if self.force_password:
+            ssh_options = ssh_options + ' ' + self.SSH_OPTS
+        if ssh_config is not None:
+            if spawn_local_ssh and not os.path.isfile(ssh_config):
+                raise ExceptionPxssh('SSH config does not exist or is not a file.')
+            ssh_options = ssh_options + ' -F ' + ssh_config
+        if port is not None:
+            ssh_options = ssh_options + ' -p %s'%(str(port))
+        if ssh_key is not None:
+            # Allow forwarding our SSH key to the current session
+            if ssh_key==True:
+                ssh_options = ssh_options + ' -A'
+            else:
+                if spawn_local_ssh and not os.path.isfile(ssh_key):
+                    raise ExceptionPxssh('private ssh key does not exist or is not a file.')
+                ssh_options = ssh_options + ' -i %s' % (ssh_key)
+
+        # SSH tunnels, make sure you know what you're putting into the lists
+        # under each heading. Do not expect these to open 100% of the time,
+        # The port you're requesting might be bound.
+        #
+        # The structure should be like this:
+        # { 'local': ['2424:localhost:22'],  # Local SSH tunnels
+        # 'remote': ['2525:localhost:22'],   # Remote SSH tunnels
+        # 'dynamic': [8888] } # Dynamic/SOCKS tunnels
+        if ssh_tunnels!={} and isinstance({},type(ssh_tunnels)):
+            tunnel_types = {
+                'local':'L',
+                'remote':'R',
+                'dynamic':'D'
+            }
+            for tunnel_type in tunnel_types:
+                cmd_type = tunnel_types[tunnel_type]
+                if tunnel_type in ssh_tunnels:
+                    tunnels = ssh_tunnels[tunnel_type]
+                    for tunnel in tunnels:
+                        if spawn_local_ssh==False:
+                            tunnel = quote(str(tunnel))
+                        ssh_options = ssh_options + ' -' + cmd_type + ' ' + str(tunnel)
+
+        if username is not None:
+            ssh_options = ssh_options + ' -l ' + username
+        elif ssh_config is None:
+            raise TypeError('login() needs either a username or an ssh_config')
+        else:  # make sure ssh_config has an entry for the server with a username
+            with open(ssh_config, 'rt') as f:
+                lines = [l.strip() for l in f.readlines()]
+
+            server_regex = r'^Host\s+%s\s*$' % server
+            user_regex = r'^User\s+\w+\s*$'
+            config_has_server = False
+            server_has_username = False
+            for line in lines:
+                if not config_has_server and re.match(server_regex, line, re.IGNORECASE):
+                    config_has_server = True
+                elif config_has_server and 'hostname' in line.lower():
+                    pass
+                elif config_has_server and 'host' in line.lower():
+                    server_has_username = False  # insurance
+                    break  # we have left the relevant section
+                elif config_has_server and re.match(user_regex, line, re.IGNORECASE):
+                    server_has_username = True
+                    break
+
+            if lines:
+                del line
+
+            del lines
+
+            if not config_has_server:
+                raise TypeError('login() ssh_config has no Host entry for %s' % server)
+            elif not server_has_username:
+                raise TypeError('login() ssh_config has no user entry for %s' % server)
+
+        cmd += " %s %s" % (ssh_options, server)
+        if self.debug_command_string:
+            return(cmd)
+
+        # Are we asking for a local ssh command or to spawn one in another session?
+        if spawn_local_ssh:
+            spawn._spawn(self, cmd)
+        else:
+            self.sendline(cmd)
+
+        # This does not distinguish between a remote server 'password' prompt
+        # and a local ssh 'passphrase' prompt (for unlocking a private key).
+        i = self.expect(session_init_regex_array, timeout=login_timeout)
+
+        # First phase
+        if i==0:
+            # New certificate -- always accept it.
+            # This is what you get if SSH does not have the remote host's
+            # public key stored in the 'known_hosts' cache.
+            self.sendline("yes")
+            i = self.expect(session_regex_array)
+        if i==2: # password or passphrase
+            self.sendline(password)
+            i = self.expect(session_regex_array)
+        if i==4:
+            self.sendline(terminal_type)
+            i = self.expect(session_regex_array)
+        if i==7:
+            self.close()
+            raise ExceptionPxssh('Could not establish connection to host')
+
+        # Second phase
+        if i==0:
+            # This is weird. This should not happen twice in a row.
+            self.close()
+            raise ExceptionPxssh('Weird error. Got "are you sure" prompt twice.')
+        elif i==1: # can occur if you have a public key pair set to authenticate.
+            ### TODO: May NOT be OK if expect() got tricked and matched a false prompt.
+            pass
+        elif i==2: # password prompt again
+            # For incorrect passwords, some ssh servers will
+            # ask for the password again, others return 'denied' right away.
+            # If we get the password prompt again then this means
+            # we didn't get the password right the first time.
+            self.close()
+            raise ExceptionPxssh('password refused')
+        elif i==3: # permission denied -- password was bad.
+            self.close()
+            raise ExceptionPxssh('permission denied')
+        elif i==4: # terminal type again? WTF?
+            self.close()
+            raise ExceptionPxssh('Weird error. Got "terminal type" prompt twice.')
+        elif i==5: # Timeout
+            #This is tricky... I presume that we are at the command-line prompt.
+            #It may be that the shell prompt was so weird that we couldn't match
+            #it. Or it may be that we couldn't log in for some other reason. I
+            #can't be sure, but it's safe to guess that we did login because if
+            #I presume wrong and we are not logged in then this should be caught
+            #later when I try to set the shell prompt.
+            pass
+        elif i==6: # Connection closed by remote host
+            self.close()
+            raise ExceptionPxssh('connection closed')
+        else: # Unexpected
+            self.close()
+            raise ExceptionPxssh('unexpected login response')
+        if sync_original_prompt:
+            if not self.sync_original_prompt(sync_multiplier):
+                self.close()
+                raise ExceptionPxssh('could not synchronize with original prompt')
+        # We appear to be in.
+        # set shell prompt to something unique.
+        if auto_prompt_reset:
+            if not self.set_unique_prompt():
+                self.close()
+                raise ExceptionPxssh('could not set shell prompt '
+                                     '(received: %r, expected: %r).' % (
+                                         self.before, self.PROMPT,))
+        return True
+
+    def logout (self):
+        '''Sends exit to the remote shell.
+
+        If there are stopped jobs then this automatically sends exit twice.
+        '''
+        self.sendline("exit")
+        index = self.expect([EOF, "(?i)there are stopped jobs"])
+        if index==1:
+            self.sendline("exit")
+            self.expect(EOF)
+        self.close()
+
+    def prompt(self, timeout=-1):
+        '''Match the next shell prompt.
+
+        This is little more than a short-cut to the :meth:`~pexpect.spawn.expect`
+        method. Note that if you called :meth:`login` with
+        ``auto_prompt_reset=False``, then before calling :meth:`prompt` you must
+        set the :attr:`PROMPT` attribute to a regex that it will use for
+        matching the prompt.
+
+        Calling :meth:`prompt` will erase the contents of the :attr:`before`
+        attribute even if no prompt is ever matched. If timeout is not given or
+        it is set to -1 then self.timeout is used.
+
+        :return: True if the shell prompt was matched, False if the timeout was
+                 reached.
+        '''
+
+        if timeout == -1:
+            timeout = self.timeout
+        i = self.expect([self.PROMPT, TIMEOUT], timeout=timeout)
+        if i==1:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def set_unique_prompt(self):
+        '''This sets the remote prompt to something more unique than ``#`` or ``$``.
+        This makes it easier for the :meth:`prompt` method to match the shell prompt
+        unambiguously. This method is called automatically by the :meth:`login`
+        method, but you may want to call it manually if you somehow reset the
+        shell prompt. For example, if you 'su' to a different user then you
+        will need to manually reset the prompt. This sends shell commands to
+        the remote host to set the prompt, so this assumes the remote host is
+        ready to receive commands.
+
+        Alternatively, you may use your own prompt pattern. In this case you
+        should call :meth:`login` with ``auto_prompt_reset=False``; then set the
+        :attr:`PROMPT` attribute to a regular expression. After that, the
+        :meth:`prompt` method will try to match your prompt pattern.
+        '''
+
+        self.sendline("unset PROMPT_COMMAND")
+        self.sendline(self.PROMPT_SET_SH) # sh-style
+        i = self.expect ([TIMEOUT, self.PROMPT], timeout=10)
+        if i == 0: # csh-style
+            self.sendline(self.PROMPT_SET_CSH)
+            i = self.expect([TIMEOUT, self.PROMPT], timeout=10)
+            if i == 0:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+# vi:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab:ft=python:
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/replwrap.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/replwrap.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c930f1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/replwrap.py
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+"""Generic wrapper for read-eval-print-loops, a.k.a. interactive shells
+"""
+import os.path
+import signal
+import sys
+
+import pexpect
+
+PY3 = (sys.version_info[0] >= 3)
+
+if PY3:
+    basestring = str
+
+PEXPECT_PROMPT = u'[PEXPECT_PROMPT>'
+PEXPECT_CONTINUATION_PROMPT = u'[PEXPECT_PROMPT+'
+
+class REPLWrapper(object):
+    """Wrapper for a REPL.
+
+    :param cmd_or_spawn: This can either be an instance of :class:`pexpect.spawn`
+      in which a REPL has already been started, or a str command to start a new
+      REPL process.
+    :param str orig_prompt: The prompt to expect at first.
+    :param str prompt_change: A command to change the prompt to something more
+      unique. If this is ``None``, the prompt will not be changed. This will
+      be formatted with the new and continuation prompts as positional
+      parameters, so you can use ``{}`` style formatting to insert them into
+      the command.
+    :param str new_prompt: The more unique prompt to expect after the change.
+    :param str extra_init_cmd: Commands to do extra initialisation, such as
+      disabling pagers.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, cmd_or_spawn, orig_prompt, prompt_change,
+                 new_prompt=PEXPECT_PROMPT,
+                 continuation_prompt=PEXPECT_CONTINUATION_PROMPT,
+                 extra_init_cmd=None):
+        if isinstance(cmd_or_spawn, basestring):
+            self.child = pexpect.spawn(cmd_or_spawn, echo=False, encoding='utf-8')
+        else:
+            self.child = cmd_or_spawn
+        if self.child.echo:
+            # Existing spawn instance has echo enabled, disable it
+            # to prevent our input from being repeated to output.
+            self.child.setecho(False)
+            self.child.waitnoecho()
+
+        if prompt_change is None:
+            self.prompt = orig_prompt
+        else:
+            self.set_prompt(orig_prompt,
+                        prompt_change.format(new_prompt, continuation_prompt))
+            self.prompt = new_prompt
+        self.continuation_prompt = continuation_prompt
+
+        self._expect_prompt()
+
+        if extra_init_cmd is not None:
+            self.run_command(extra_init_cmd)
+
+    def set_prompt(self, orig_prompt, prompt_change):
+        self.child.expect(orig_prompt)
+        self.child.sendline(prompt_change)
+
+    def _expect_prompt(self, timeout=-1, async_=False):
+        return self.child.expect_exact([self.prompt, self.continuation_prompt],
+                                       timeout=timeout, async_=async_)
+
+    def run_command(self, command, timeout=-1, async_=False):
+        """Send a command to the REPL, wait for and return output.
+
+        :param str command: The command to send. Trailing newlines are not needed.
+          This should be a complete block of input that will trigger execution;
+          if a continuation prompt is found after sending input, :exc:`ValueError`
+          will be raised.
+        :param int timeout: How long to wait for the next prompt. -1 means the
+          default from the :class:`pexpect.spawn` object (default 30 seconds).
+          None means to wait indefinitely.
+        :param bool async_: On Python 3.4, or Python 3.3 with asyncio
+          installed, passing ``async_=True`` will make this return an
+          :mod:`asyncio` Future, which you can yield from to get the same
+          result that this method would normally give directly.
+        """
+        # Split up multiline commands and feed them in bit-by-bit
+        cmdlines = command.splitlines()
+        # splitlines ignores trailing newlines - add it back in manually
+        if command.endswith('\n'):
+            cmdlines.append('')
+        if not cmdlines:
+            raise ValueError("No command was given")
+
+        if async_:
+            from ._async import repl_run_command_async
+            return repl_run_command_async(self, cmdlines, timeout)
+
+        res = []
+        self.child.sendline(cmdlines[0])
+        for line in cmdlines[1:]:
+            self._expect_prompt(timeout=timeout)
+            res.append(self.child.before)
+            self.child.sendline(line)
+
+        # Command was fully submitted, now wait for the next prompt
+        if self._expect_prompt(timeout=timeout) == 1:
+            # We got the continuation prompt - command was incomplete
+            self.child.kill(signal.SIGINT)
+            self._expect_prompt(timeout=1)
+            raise ValueError("Continuation prompt found - input was incomplete:\n"
+                             + command)
+        return u''.join(res + [self.child.before])
+
+def python(command="python"):
+    """Start a Python shell and return a :class:`REPLWrapper` object."""
+    return REPLWrapper(command, u">>> ", u"import sys; sys.ps1={0!r}; sys.ps2={1!r}")
+
+def bash(command="bash"):
+    """Start a bash shell and return a :class:`REPLWrapper` object."""
+    bashrc = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'bashrc.sh')
+    child = pexpect.spawn(command, ['--rcfile', bashrc], echo=False,
+                          encoding='utf-8')
+
+    # If the user runs 'env', the value of PS1 will be in the output. To avoid
+    # replwrap seeing that as the next prompt, we'll embed the marker characters
+    # for invisible characters in the prompt; these show up when inspecting the
+    # environment variable, but not when bash displays the prompt.
+    ps1 = PEXPECT_PROMPT[:5] + u'\\[\\]' + PEXPECT_PROMPT[5:]
+    ps2 = PEXPECT_CONTINUATION_PROMPT[:5] + u'\\[\\]' + PEXPECT_CONTINUATION_PROMPT[5:]
+    prompt_change = u"PS1='{0}' PS2='{1}' PROMPT_COMMAND=''".format(ps1, ps2)
+
+    return REPLWrapper(child, u'\\$', prompt_change,
+                       extra_init_cmd="export PAGER=cat")
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/run.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/run.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff288a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/run.py
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+import sys
+import types
+
+from .exceptions import EOF, TIMEOUT
+from .pty_spawn import spawn
+
+def run(command, timeout=30, withexitstatus=False, events=None,
+        extra_args=None, logfile=None, cwd=None, env=None, **kwargs):
+
+    '''
+    This function runs the given command; waits for it to finish; then
+    returns all output as a string. STDERR is included in output. If the full
+    path to the command is not given then the path is searched.
+
+    Note that lines are terminated by CR/LF (\\r\\n) combination even on
+    UNIX-like systems because this is the standard for pseudottys. If you set
+    'withexitstatus' to true, then run will return a tuple of (command_output,
+    exitstatus). If 'withexitstatus' is false then this returns just
+    command_output.
+
+    The run() function can often be used instead of creating a spawn instance.
+    For example, the following code uses spawn::
+
+        from pexpect import *
+        child = spawn('scp foo user@example.com:.')
+        child.expect('(?i)password')
+        child.sendline(mypassword)
+
+    The previous code can be replace with the following::
+
+        from pexpect import *
+        run('scp foo user@example.com:.', events={'(?i)password': mypassword})
+
+    **Examples**
+
+    Start the apache daemon on the local machine::
+
+        from pexpect import *
+        run("/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start")
+
+    Check in a file using SVN::
+
+        from pexpect import *
+        run("svn ci -m 'automatic commit' my_file.py")
+
+    Run a command and capture exit status::
+
+        from pexpect import *
+        (command_output, exitstatus) = run('ls -l /bin', withexitstatus=1)
+
+    The following will run SSH and execute 'ls -l' on the remote machine. The
+    password 'secret' will be sent if the '(?i)password' pattern is ever seen::
+
+        run("ssh username@machine.example.com 'ls -l'",
+            events={'(?i)password':'secret\\n'})
+
+    This will start mencoder to rip a video from DVD. This will also display
+    progress ticks every 5 seconds as it runs. For example::
+
+        from pexpect import *
+        def print_ticks(d):
+            print d['event_count'],
+        run("mencoder dvd://1 -o video.avi -oac copy -ovc copy",
+            events={TIMEOUT:print_ticks}, timeout=5)
+
+    The 'events' argument should be either a dictionary or a tuple list that
+    contains patterns and responses. Whenever one of the patterns is seen
+    in the command output, run() will send the associated response string.
+    So, run() in the above example can be also written as:
+
+        run("mencoder dvd://1 -o video.avi -oac copy -ovc copy",
+            events=[(TIMEOUT,print_ticks)], timeout=5)
+
+    Use a tuple list for events if the command output requires a delicate
+    control over what pattern should be matched, since the tuple list is passed
+    to pexpect() as its pattern list, with the order of patterns preserved.
+
+    Note that you should put newlines in your string if Enter is necessary.
+
+    Like the example above, the responses may also contain a callback, either
+    a function or method.  It should accept a dictionary value as an argument.
+    The dictionary contains all the locals from the run() function, so you can
+    access the child spawn object or any other variable defined in run()
+    (event_count, child, and extra_args are the most useful). A callback may
+    return True to stop the current run process.  Otherwise run() continues
+    until the next event. A callback may also return a string which will be
+    sent to the child. 'extra_args' is not used by directly run(). It provides
+    a way to pass data to a callback function through run() through the locals
+    dictionary passed to a callback.
+
+    Like :class:`spawn`, passing *encoding* will make it work with unicode
+    instead of bytes. You can pass *codec_errors* to control how errors in
+    encoding and decoding are handled.
+    '''
+    if timeout == -1:
+        child = spawn(command, maxread=2000, logfile=logfile, cwd=cwd, env=env,
+                        **kwargs)
+    else:
+        child = spawn(command, timeout=timeout, maxread=2000, logfile=logfile,
+                cwd=cwd, env=env, **kwargs)
+    if isinstance(events, list):
+        patterns= [x for x,y in events]
+        responses = [y for x,y in events]
+    elif isinstance(events, dict):
+        patterns = list(events.keys())
+        responses = list(events.values())
+    else:
+        # This assumes EOF or TIMEOUT will eventually cause run to terminate.
+        patterns = None
+        responses = None
+    child_result_list = []
+    event_count = 0
+    while True:
+        try:
+            index = child.expect(patterns)
+            if isinstance(child.after, child.allowed_string_types):
+                child_result_list.append(child.before + child.after)
+            else:
+                # child.after may have been a TIMEOUT or EOF,
+                # which we don't want appended to the list.
+                child_result_list.append(child.before)
+            if isinstance(responses[index], child.allowed_string_types):
+                child.send(responses[index])
+            elif (isinstance(responses[index], types.FunctionType) or
+                  isinstance(responses[index], types.MethodType)):
+                callback_result = responses[index](locals())
+                sys.stdout.flush()
+                if isinstance(callback_result, child.allowed_string_types):
+                    child.send(callback_result)
+                elif callback_result:
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("parameter `event' at index {index} must be "
+                                "a string, method, or function: {value!r}"
+                                .format(index=index, value=responses[index]))
+            event_count = event_count + 1
+        except TIMEOUT:
+            child_result_list.append(child.before)
+            break
+        except EOF:
+            child_result_list.append(child.before)
+            break
+    child_result = child.string_type().join(child_result_list)
+    if withexitstatus:
+        child.close()
+        return (child_result, child.exitstatus)
+    else:
+        return child_result
+
+def runu(command, timeout=30, withexitstatus=False, events=None,
+        extra_args=None, logfile=None, cwd=None, env=None, **kwargs):
+    """Deprecated: pass encoding to run() instead.
+    """
+    kwargs.setdefault('encoding', 'utf-8')
+    return run(command, timeout=timeout, withexitstatus=withexitstatus,
+                events=events, extra_args=extra_args, logfile=logfile, cwd=cwd,
+                env=env, **kwargs)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/screen.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/screen.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79f95c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/screen.py
@@ -0,0 +1,431 @@
+'''This implements a virtual screen. This is used to support ANSI terminal
+emulation. The screen representation and state is implemented in this class.
+Most of the methods are inspired by ANSI screen control codes. The
+:class:`~pexpect.ANSI.ANSI` class extends this class to add parsing of ANSI
+escape codes.
+
+PEXPECT LICENSE
+
+    This license is approved by the OSI and FSF as GPL-compatible.
+        http://opensource.org/licenses/isc-license.txt
+
+    Copyright (c) 2012, Noah Spurrier <noah@noah.org>
+    PERMISSION TO USE, COPY, MODIFY, AND/OR DISTRIBUTE THIS SOFTWARE FOR ANY
+    PURPOSE WITH OR WITHOUT FEE IS HEREBY GRANTED, PROVIDED THAT THE ABOVE
+    COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND THIS PERMISSION NOTICE APPEAR IN ALL COPIES.
+    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+    WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+    MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+    ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+    WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+    ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+    OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
+'''
+
+import codecs
+import copy
+import sys
+
+import warnings
+
+warnings.warn(("pexpect.screen and pexpect.ANSI are deprecated. "
+               "We recommend using pyte to emulate a terminal screen: "
+               "https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyte"),
+               stacklevel=2)
+
+NUL = 0    # Fill character; ignored on input.
+ENQ = 5    # Transmit answerback message.
+BEL = 7    # Ring the bell.
+BS  = 8    # Move cursor left.
+HT  = 9    # Move cursor to next tab stop.
+LF = 10    # Line feed.
+VT = 11    # Same as LF.
+FF = 12    # Same as LF.
+CR = 13    # Move cursor to left margin or newline.
+SO = 14    # Invoke G1 character set.
+SI = 15    # Invoke G0 character set.
+XON = 17   # Resume transmission.
+XOFF = 19  # Halt transmission.
+CAN = 24   # Cancel escape sequence.
+SUB = 26   # Same as CAN.
+ESC = 27   # Introduce a control sequence.
+DEL = 127  # Fill character; ignored on input.
+SPACE = u' ' # Space or blank character.
+
+PY3 = (sys.version_info[0] >= 3)
+if PY3:
+    unicode = str
+
+def constrain (n, min, max):
+
+    '''This returns a number, n constrained to the min and max bounds. '''
+
+    if n < min:
+        return min
+    if n > max:
+        return max
+    return n
+
+class screen:
+    '''This object maintains the state of a virtual text screen as a
+    rectangular array. This maintains a virtual cursor position and handles
+    scrolling as characters are added. This supports most of the methods needed
+    by an ANSI text screen. Row and column indexes are 1-based (not zero-based,
+    like arrays).
+
+    Characters are represented internally using unicode. Methods that accept
+    input characters, when passed 'bytes' (which in Python 2 is equivalent to
+    'str'), convert them from the encoding specified in the 'encoding'
+    parameter to the constructor. Methods that return screen contents return
+    unicode strings, with the exception of __str__() under Python 2. Passing
+    ``encoding=None`` limits the API to only accept unicode input, so passing
+    bytes in will raise :exc:`TypeError`.
+    '''
+    def __init__(self, r=24, c=80, encoding='latin-1', encoding_errors='replace'):
+        '''This initializes a blank screen of the given dimensions.'''
+
+        self.rows = r
+        self.cols = c
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        self.encoding_errors = encoding_errors
+        if encoding is not None:
+            self.decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder(encoding)(encoding_errors)
+        else:
+            self.decoder = None
+        self.cur_r = 1
+        self.cur_c = 1
+        self.cur_saved_r = 1
+        self.cur_saved_c = 1
+        self.scroll_row_start = 1
+        self.scroll_row_end = self.rows
+        self.w = [ [SPACE] * self.cols for _ in range(self.rows)]
+
+    def _decode(self, s):
+        '''This converts from the external coding system (as passed to
+        the constructor) to the internal one (unicode). '''
+        if self.decoder is not None:
+            return self.decoder.decode(s)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("This screen was constructed with encoding=None, "
+                            "so it does not handle bytes.")
+
+    def _unicode(self):
+        '''This returns a printable representation of the screen as a unicode
+        string (which, under Python 3.x, is the same as 'str'). The end of each
+        screen line is terminated by a newline.'''
+
+        return u'\n'.join ([ u''.join(c) for c in self.w ])
+
+    if PY3:
+        __str__ = _unicode
+    else:
+        __unicode__ = _unicode
+
+        def __str__(self):
+            '''This returns a printable representation of the screen. The end of
+            each screen line is terminated by a newline. '''
+            encoding = self.encoding or 'ascii'
+            return self._unicode().encode(encoding, 'replace')
+
+    def dump (self):
+        '''This returns a copy of the screen as a unicode string. This is similar to
+        __str__/__unicode__ except that lines are not terminated with line
+        feeds.'''
+
+        return u''.join ([ u''.join(c) for c in self.w ])
+
+    def pretty (self):
+        '''This returns a copy of the screen as a unicode string with an ASCII
+        text box around the screen border. This is similar to
+        __str__/__unicode__ except that it adds a box.'''
+
+        top_bot = u'+' + u'-'*self.cols + u'+\n'
+        return top_bot + u'\n'.join([u'|'+line+u'|' for line in unicode(self).split(u'\n')]) + u'\n' + top_bot
+
+    def fill (self, ch=SPACE):
+
+        if isinstance(ch, bytes):
+            ch = self._decode(ch)
+
+        self.fill_region (1,1,self.rows,self.cols, ch)
+
+    def fill_region (self, rs,cs, re,ce, ch=SPACE):
+
+        if isinstance(ch, bytes):
+            ch = self._decode(ch)
+
+        rs = constrain (rs, 1, self.rows)
+        re = constrain (re, 1, self.rows)
+        cs = constrain (cs, 1, self.cols)
+        ce = constrain (ce, 1, self.cols)
+        if rs > re:
+            rs, re = re, rs
+        if cs > ce:
+            cs, ce = ce, cs
+        for r in range (rs, re+1):
+            for c in range (cs, ce + 1):
+                self.put_abs (r,c,ch)
+
+    def cr (self):
+        '''This moves the cursor to the beginning (col 1) of the current row.
+        '''
+
+        self.cursor_home (self.cur_r, 1)
+
+    def lf (self):
+        '''This moves the cursor down with scrolling.
+        '''
+
+        old_r = self.cur_r
+        self.cursor_down()
+        if old_r == self.cur_r:
+            self.scroll_up ()
+            self.erase_line()
+
+    def crlf (self):
+        '''This advances the cursor with CRLF properties.
+        The cursor will line wrap and the screen may scroll.
+        '''
+
+        self.cr ()
+        self.lf ()
+
+    def newline (self):
+        '''This is an alias for crlf().
+        '''
+
+        self.crlf()
+
+    def put_abs (self, r, c, ch):
+        '''Screen array starts at 1 index.'''
+
+        r = constrain (r, 1, self.rows)
+        c = constrain (c, 1, self.cols)
+        if isinstance(ch, bytes):
+            ch = self._decode(ch)[0]
+        else:
+            ch = ch[0]
+        self.w[r-1][c-1] = ch
+
+    def put (self, ch):
+        '''This puts a characters at the current cursor position.
+        '''
+
+        if isinstance(ch, bytes):
+            ch = self._decode(ch)
+
+        self.put_abs (self.cur_r, self.cur_c, ch)
+
+    def insert_abs (self, r, c, ch):
+        '''This inserts a character at (r,c). Everything under
+        and to the right is shifted right one character.
+        The last character of the line is lost.
+        '''
+
+        if isinstance(ch, bytes):
+            ch = self._decode(ch)
+
+        r = constrain (r, 1, self.rows)
+        c = constrain (c, 1, self.cols)
+        for ci in range (self.cols, c, -1):
+            self.put_abs (r,ci, self.get_abs(r,ci-1))
+        self.put_abs (r,c,ch)
+
+    def insert (self, ch):
+
+        if isinstance(ch, bytes):
+            ch = self._decode(ch)
+
+        self.insert_abs (self.cur_r, self.cur_c, ch)
+
+    def get_abs (self, r, c):
+
+        r = constrain (r, 1, self.rows)
+        c = constrain (c, 1, self.cols)
+        return self.w[r-1][c-1]
+
+    def get (self):
+
+        self.get_abs (self.cur_r, self.cur_c)
+
+    def get_region (self, rs,cs, re,ce):
+        '''This returns a list of lines representing the region.
+        '''
+
+        rs = constrain (rs, 1, self.rows)
+        re = constrain (re, 1, self.rows)
+        cs = constrain (cs, 1, self.cols)
+        ce = constrain (ce, 1, self.cols)
+        if rs > re:
+            rs, re = re, rs
+        if cs > ce:
+            cs, ce = ce, cs
+        sc = []
+        for r in range (rs, re+1):
+            line = u''
+            for c in range (cs, ce + 1):
+                ch = self.get_abs (r,c)
+                line = line + ch
+            sc.append (line)
+        return sc
+
+    def cursor_constrain (self):
+        '''This keeps the cursor within the screen area.
+        '''
+
+        self.cur_r = constrain (self.cur_r, 1, self.rows)
+        self.cur_c = constrain (self.cur_c, 1, self.cols)
+
+    def cursor_home (self, r=1, c=1): # <ESC>[{ROW};{COLUMN}H
+
+        self.cur_r = r
+        self.cur_c = c
+        self.cursor_constrain ()
+
+    def cursor_back (self,count=1): # <ESC>[{COUNT}D (not confused with down)
+
+        self.cur_c = self.cur_c - count
+        self.cursor_constrain ()
+
+    def cursor_down (self,count=1): # <ESC>[{COUNT}B (not confused with back)
+
+        self.cur_r = self.cur_r + count
+        self.cursor_constrain ()
+
+    def cursor_forward (self,count=1): # <ESC>[{COUNT}C
+
+        self.cur_c = self.cur_c + count
+        self.cursor_constrain ()
+
+    def cursor_up (self,count=1): # <ESC>[{COUNT}A
+
+        self.cur_r = self.cur_r - count
+        self.cursor_constrain ()
+
+    def cursor_up_reverse (self): # <ESC> M   (called RI -- Reverse Index)
+
+        old_r = self.cur_r
+        self.cursor_up()
+        if old_r == self.cur_r:
+            self.scroll_up()
+
+    def cursor_force_position (self, r, c): # <ESC>[{ROW};{COLUMN}f
+        '''Identical to Cursor Home.'''
+
+        self.cursor_home (r, c)
+
+    def cursor_save (self): # <ESC>[s
+        '''Save current cursor position.'''
+
+        self.cursor_save_attrs()
+
+    def cursor_unsave (self): # <ESC>[u
+        '''Restores cursor position after a Save Cursor.'''
+
+        self.cursor_restore_attrs()
+
+    def cursor_save_attrs (self): # <ESC>7
+        '''Save current cursor position.'''
+
+        self.cur_saved_r = self.cur_r
+        self.cur_saved_c = self.cur_c
+
+    def cursor_restore_attrs (self): # <ESC>8
+        '''Restores cursor position after a Save Cursor.'''
+
+        self.cursor_home (self.cur_saved_r, self.cur_saved_c)
+
+    def scroll_constrain (self):
+        '''This keeps the scroll region within the screen region.'''
+
+        if self.scroll_row_start <= 0:
+            self.scroll_row_start = 1
+        if self.scroll_row_end > self.rows:
+            self.scroll_row_end = self.rows
+
+    def scroll_screen (self): # <ESC>[r
+        '''Enable scrolling for entire display.'''
+
+        self.scroll_row_start = 1
+        self.scroll_row_end = self.rows
+
+    def scroll_screen_rows (self, rs, re): # <ESC>[{start};{end}r
+        '''Enable scrolling from row {start} to row {end}.'''
+
+        self.scroll_row_start = rs
+        self.scroll_row_end = re
+        self.scroll_constrain()
+
+    def scroll_down (self): # <ESC>D
+        '''Scroll display down one line.'''
+
+        # Screen is indexed from 1, but arrays are indexed from 0.
+        s = self.scroll_row_start - 1
+        e = self.scroll_row_end - 1
+        self.w[s+1:e+1] = copy.deepcopy(self.w[s:e])
+
+    def scroll_up (self): # <ESC>M
+        '''Scroll display up one line.'''
+
+        # Screen is indexed from 1, but arrays are indexed from 0.
+        s = self.scroll_row_start - 1
+        e = self.scroll_row_end - 1
+        self.w[s:e] = copy.deepcopy(self.w[s+1:e+1])
+
+    def erase_end_of_line (self): # <ESC>[0K -or- <ESC>[K
+        '''Erases from the current cursor position to the end of the current
+        line.'''
+
+        self.fill_region (self.cur_r, self.cur_c, self.cur_r, self.cols)
+
+    def erase_start_of_line (self): # <ESC>[1K
+        '''Erases from the current cursor position to the start of the current
+        line.'''
+
+        self.fill_region (self.cur_r, 1, self.cur_r, self.cur_c)
+
+    def erase_line (self): # <ESC>[2K
+        '''Erases the entire current line.'''
+
+        self.fill_region (self.cur_r, 1, self.cur_r, self.cols)
+
+    def erase_down (self): # <ESC>[0J -or- <ESC>[J
+        '''Erases the screen from the current line down to the bottom of the
+        screen.'''
+
+        self.erase_end_of_line ()
+        self.fill_region (self.cur_r + 1, 1, self.rows, self.cols)
+
+    def erase_up (self): # <ESC>[1J
+        '''Erases the screen from the current line up to the top of the
+        screen.'''
+
+        self.erase_start_of_line ()
+        self.fill_region (self.cur_r-1, 1, 1, self.cols)
+
+    def erase_screen (self): # <ESC>[2J
+        '''Erases the screen with the background color.'''
+
+        self.fill ()
+
+    def set_tab (self): # <ESC>H
+        '''Sets a tab at the current position.'''
+
+        pass
+
+    def clear_tab (self): # <ESC>[g
+        '''Clears tab at the current position.'''
+
+        pass
+
+    def clear_all_tabs (self): # <ESC>[3g
+        '''Clears all tabs.'''
+
+        pass
+
+#        Insert line             Esc [ Pn L
+#        Delete line             Esc [ Pn M
+#        Delete character        Esc [ Pn P
+#        Scrolling region        Esc [ Pn(top);Pn(bot) r
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/spawnbase.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/spawnbase.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..59e9057
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/spawnbase.py
@@ -0,0 +1,525 @@
+from io import StringIO, BytesIO
+import codecs
+import os
+import sys
+import re
+import errno
+from .exceptions import ExceptionPexpect, EOF, TIMEOUT
+from .expect import Expecter, searcher_string, searcher_re
+
+PY3 = (sys.version_info[0] >= 3)
+text_type = str if PY3 else unicode
+
+class _NullCoder(object):
+    """Pass bytes through unchanged."""
+    @staticmethod
+    def encode(b, final=False):
+        return b
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def decode(b, final=False):
+        return b
+
+class SpawnBase(object):
+    """A base class providing the backwards-compatible spawn API for Pexpect.
+
+    This should not be instantiated directly: use :class:`pexpect.spawn` or
+    :class:`pexpect.fdpexpect.fdspawn`.
+    """
+    encoding = None
+    pid = None
+    flag_eof = False
+
+    def __init__(self, timeout=30, maxread=2000, searchwindowsize=None,
+                 logfile=None, encoding=None, codec_errors='strict'):
+        self.stdin = sys.stdin
+        self.stdout = sys.stdout
+        self.stderr = sys.stderr
+
+        self.searcher = None
+        self.ignorecase = False
+        self.before = None
+        self.after = None
+        self.match = None
+        self.match_index = None
+        self.terminated = True
+        self.exitstatus = None
+        self.signalstatus = None
+        # status returned by os.waitpid
+        self.status = None
+        # the child file descriptor is initially closed
+        self.child_fd = -1
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.delimiter = EOF
+        self.logfile = logfile
+        # input from child (read_nonblocking)
+        self.logfile_read = None
+        # output to send (send, sendline)
+        self.logfile_send = None
+        # max bytes to read at one time into buffer
+        self.maxread = maxread
+        # Data before searchwindowsize point is preserved, but not searched.
+        self.searchwindowsize = searchwindowsize
+        # Delay used before sending data to child. Time in seconds.
+        # Set this to None to skip the time.sleep() call completely.
+        self.delaybeforesend = 0.05
+        # Used by close() to give kernel time to update process status.
+        # Time in seconds.
+        self.delayafterclose = 0.1
+        # Used by terminate() to give kernel time to update process status.
+        # Time in seconds.
+        self.delayafterterminate = 0.1
+        # Delay in seconds to sleep after each call to read_nonblocking().
+        # Set this to None to skip the time.sleep() call completely: that
+        # would restore the behavior from pexpect-2.0 (for performance
+        # reasons or because you don't want to release Python's global
+        # interpreter lock).
+        self.delayafterread = 0.0001
+        self.softspace = False
+        self.name = '<' + repr(self) + '>'
+        self.closed = True
+
+        # Unicode interface
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        self.codec_errors = codec_errors
+        if encoding is None:
+            # bytes mode (accepts some unicode for backwards compatibility)
+            self._encoder = self._decoder = _NullCoder()
+            self.string_type = bytes
+            self.buffer_type = BytesIO
+            self.crlf = b'\r\n'
+            if PY3:
+                self.allowed_string_types = (bytes, str)
+                self.linesep = os.linesep.encode('ascii')
+                def write_to_stdout(b):
+                    try:
+                        return sys.stdout.buffer.write(b)
+                    except AttributeError:
+                        # If stdout has been replaced, it may not have .buffer
+                        return sys.stdout.write(b.decode('ascii', 'replace'))
+                self.write_to_stdout = write_to_stdout
+            else:
+                self.allowed_string_types = (basestring,)  # analysis:ignore
+                self.linesep = os.linesep
+                self.write_to_stdout = sys.stdout.write
+        else:
+            # unicode mode
+            self._encoder = codecs.getincrementalencoder(encoding)(codec_errors)
+            self._decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder(encoding)(codec_errors)
+            self.string_type = text_type
+            self.buffer_type = StringIO
+            self.crlf = u'\r\n'
+            self.allowed_string_types = (text_type, )
+            if PY3:
+                self.linesep = os.linesep
+            else:
+                self.linesep = os.linesep.decode('ascii')
+            # This can handle unicode in both Python 2 and 3
+            self.write_to_stdout = sys.stdout.write
+        # storage for async transport
+        self.async_pw_transport = None
+        # This is the read buffer. See maxread.
+        self._buffer = self.buffer_type()
+        # The buffer may be trimmed for efficiency reasons.  This is the
+        # untrimmed buffer, used to create the before attribute.
+        self._before = self.buffer_type()
+
+    def _log(self, s, direction):
+        if self.logfile is not None:
+            self.logfile.write(s)
+            self.logfile.flush()
+        second_log = self.logfile_send if (direction=='send') else self.logfile_read
+        if second_log is not None:
+            second_log.write(s)
+            second_log.flush()
+
+    # For backwards compatibility, in bytes mode (when encoding is None)
+    # unicode is accepted for send and expect. Unicode mode is strictly unicode
+    # only.
+    def _coerce_expect_string(self, s):
+        if self.encoding is None and not isinstance(s, bytes):
+            return s.encode('ascii')
+        return s
+
+    def _coerce_send_string(self, s):
+        if self.encoding is None and not isinstance(s, bytes):
+            return s.encode('utf-8')
+        return s
+
+    def _get_buffer(self):
+        return self._buffer.getvalue()
+
+    def _set_buffer(self, value):
+        self._buffer = self.buffer_type()
+        self._buffer.write(value)
+
+    # This property is provided for backwards compatability (self.buffer used
+    # to be a string/bytes object)
+    buffer = property(_get_buffer, _set_buffer)
+
+    def read_nonblocking(self, size=1, timeout=None):
+        """This reads data from the file descriptor.
+
+        This is a simple implementation suitable for a regular file. Subclasses using ptys or pipes should override it.
+
+        The timeout parameter is ignored.
+        """
+
+        try:
+            s = os.read(self.child_fd, size)
+        except OSError as err:
+            if err.args[0] == errno.EIO:
+                # Linux-style EOF
+                self.flag_eof = True
+                raise EOF('End Of File (EOF). Exception style platform.')
+            raise
+        if s == b'':
+            # BSD-style EOF
+            self.flag_eof = True
+            raise EOF('End Of File (EOF). Empty string style platform.')
+
+        s = self._decoder.decode(s, final=False)
+        self._log(s, 'read')
+        return s
+
+    def _pattern_type_err(self, pattern):
+        raise TypeError('got {badtype} ({badobj!r}) as pattern, must be one'
+                        ' of: {goodtypes}, pexpect.EOF, pexpect.TIMEOUT'\
+                        .format(badtype=type(pattern),
+                                badobj=pattern,
+                                goodtypes=', '.join([str(ast)\
+                                    for ast in self.allowed_string_types])
+                                )
+                        )
+
+    def compile_pattern_list(self, patterns):
+        '''This compiles a pattern-string or a list of pattern-strings.
+        Patterns must be a StringType, EOF, TIMEOUT, SRE_Pattern, or a list of
+        those. Patterns may also be None which results in an empty list (you
+        might do this if waiting for an EOF or TIMEOUT condition without
+        expecting any pattern).
+
+        This is used by expect() when calling expect_list(). Thus expect() is
+        nothing more than::
+
+             cpl = self.compile_pattern_list(pl)
+             return self.expect_list(cpl, timeout)
+
+        If you are using expect() within a loop it may be more
+        efficient to compile the patterns first and then call expect_list().
+        This avoid calls in a loop to compile_pattern_list()::
+
+             cpl = self.compile_pattern_list(my_pattern)
+             while some_condition:
+                ...
+                i = self.expect_list(cpl, timeout)
+                ...
+        '''
+
+        if patterns is None:
+            return []
+        if not isinstance(patterns, list):
+            patterns = [patterns]
+
+        # Allow dot to match \n
+        compile_flags = re.DOTALL
+        if self.ignorecase:
+            compile_flags = compile_flags | re.IGNORECASE
+        compiled_pattern_list = []
+        for idx, p in enumerate(patterns):
+            if isinstance(p, self.allowed_string_types):
+                p = self._coerce_expect_string(p)
+                compiled_pattern_list.append(re.compile(p, compile_flags))
+            elif p is EOF:
+                compiled_pattern_list.append(EOF)
+            elif p is TIMEOUT:
+                compiled_pattern_list.append(TIMEOUT)
+            elif isinstance(p, type(re.compile(''))):
+                compiled_pattern_list.append(p)
+            else:
+                self._pattern_type_err(p)
+        return compiled_pattern_list
+
+    def expect(self, pattern, timeout=-1, searchwindowsize=-1, async_=False, **kw):
+        '''This seeks through the stream until a pattern is matched. The
+        pattern is overloaded and may take several types. The pattern can be a
+        StringType, EOF, a compiled re, or a list of any of those types.
+        Strings will be compiled to re types. This returns the index into the
+        pattern list. If the pattern was not a list this returns index 0 on a
+        successful match. This may raise exceptions for EOF or TIMEOUT. To
+        avoid the EOF or TIMEOUT exceptions add EOF or TIMEOUT to the pattern
+        list. That will cause expect to match an EOF or TIMEOUT condition
+        instead of raising an exception.
+
+        If you pass a list of patterns and more than one matches, the first
+        match in the stream is chosen. If more than one pattern matches at that
+        point, the leftmost in the pattern list is chosen. For example::
+
+            # the input is 'foobar'
+            index = p.expect(['bar', 'foo', 'foobar'])
+            # returns 1('foo') even though 'foobar' is a "better" match
+
+        Please note, however, that buffering can affect this behavior, since
+        input arrives in unpredictable chunks. For example::
+
+            # the input is 'foobar'
+            index = p.expect(['foobar', 'foo'])
+            # returns 0('foobar') if all input is available at once,
+            # but returns 1('foo') if parts of the final 'bar' arrive late
+
+        When a match is found for the given pattern, the class instance
+        attribute *match* becomes an re.MatchObject result.  Should an EOF
+        or TIMEOUT pattern match, then the match attribute will be an instance
+        of that exception class.  The pairing before and after class
+        instance attributes are views of the data preceding and following
+        the matching pattern.  On general exception, class attribute
+        *before* is all data received up to the exception, while *match* and
+        *after* attributes are value None.
+
+        When the keyword argument timeout is -1 (default), then TIMEOUT will
+        raise after the default value specified by the class timeout
+        attribute. When None, TIMEOUT will not be raised and may block
+        indefinitely until match.
+
+        When the keyword argument searchwindowsize is -1 (default), then the
+        value specified by the class maxread attribute is used.
+
+        A list entry may be EOF or TIMEOUT instead of a string. This will
+        catch these exceptions and return the index of the list entry instead
+        of raising the exception. The attribute 'after' will be set to the
+        exception type. The attribute 'match' will be None. This allows you to
+        write code like this::
+
+                index = p.expect(['good', 'bad', pexpect.EOF, pexpect.TIMEOUT])
+                if index == 0:
+                    do_something()
+                elif index == 1:
+                    do_something_else()
+                elif index == 2:
+                    do_some_other_thing()
+                elif index == 3:
+                    do_something_completely_different()
+
+        instead of code like this::
+
+                try:
+                    index = p.expect(['good', 'bad'])
+                    if index == 0:
+                        do_something()
+                    elif index == 1:
+                        do_something_else()
+                except EOF:
+                    do_some_other_thing()
+                except TIMEOUT:
+                    do_something_completely_different()
+
+        These two forms are equivalent. It all depends on what you want. You
+        can also just expect the EOF if you are waiting for all output of a
+        child to finish. For example::
+
+                p = pexpect.spawn('/bin/ls')
+                p.expect(pexpect.EOF)
+                print p.before
+
+        If you are trying to optimize for speed then see expect_list().
+
+        On Python 3.4, or Python 3.3 with asyncio installed, passing
+        ``async_=True``  will make this return an :mod:`asyncio` coroutine,
+        which you can yield from to get the same result that this method would
+        normally give directly. So, inside a coroutine, you can replace this code::
+
+            index = p.expect(patterns)
+
+        With this non-blocking form::
+
+            index = yield from p.expect(patterns, async_=True)
+        '''
+        if 'async' in kw:
+            async_ = kw.pop('async')
+        if kw:
+            raise TypeError("Unknown keyword arguments: {}".format(kw))
+
+        compiled_pattern_list = self.compile_pattern_list(pattern)
+        return self.expect_list(compiled_pattern_list,
+                timeout, searchwindowsize, async_)
+
+    def expect_list(self, pattern_list, timeout=-1, searchwindowsize=-1,
+                    async_=False, **kw):
+        '''This takes a list of compiled regular expressions and returns the
+        index into the pattern_list that matched the child output. The list may
+        also contain EOF or TIMEOUT(which are not compiled regular
+        expressions). This method is similar to the expect() method except that
+        expect_list() does not recompile the pattern list on every call. This
+        may help if you are trying to optimize for speed, otherwise just use
+        the expect() method.  This is called by expect().
+
+
+        Like :meth:`expect`, passing ``async_=True`` will make this return an
+        asyncio coroutine.
+        '''
+        if timeout == -1:
+            timeout = self.timeout
+        if 'async' in kw:
+            async_ = kw.pop('async')
+        if kw:
+            raise TypeError("Unknown keyword arguments: {}".format(kw))
+
+        exp = Expecter(self, searcher_re(pattern_list), searchwindowsize)
+        if async_:
+            from ._async import expect_async
+            return expect_async(exp, timeout)
+        else:
+            return exp.expect_loop(timeout)
+
+    def expect_exact(self, pattern_list, timeout=-1, searchwindowsize=-1,
+                     async_=False, **kw):
+
+        '''This is similar to expect(), but uses plain string matching instead
+        of compiled regular expressions in 'pattern_list'. The 'pattern_list'
+        may be a string; a list or other sequence of strings; or TIMEOUT and
+        EOF.
+
+        This call might be faster than expect() for two reasons: string
+        searching is faster than RE matching and it is possible to limit the
+        search to just the end of the input buffer.
+
+        This method is also useful when you don't want to have to worry about
+        escaping regular expression characters that you want to match.
+
+        Like :meth:`expect`, passing ``async_=True`` will make this return an
+        asyncio coroutine.
+        '''
+        if timeout == -1:
+            timeout = self.timeout
+        if 'async' in kw:
+            async_ = kw.pop('async')
+        if kw:
+            raise TypeError("Unknown keyword arguments: {}".format(kw))
+
+        if (isinstance(pattern_list, self.allowed_string_types) or
+                pattern_list in (TIMEOUT, EOF)):
+            pattern_list = [pattern_list]
+
+        def prepare_pattern(pattern):
+            if pattern in (TIMEOUT, EOF):
+                return pattern
+            if isinstance(pattern, self.allowed_string_types):
+                return self._coerce_expect_string(pattern)
+            self._pattern_type_err(pattern)
+
+        try:
+            pattern_list = iter(pattern_list)
+        except TypeError:
+            self._pattern_type_err(pattern_list)
+        pattern_list = [prepare_pattern(p) for p in pattern_list]
+
+        exp = Expecter(self, searcher_string(pattern_list), searchwindowsize)
+        if async_:
+            from ._async import expect_async
+            return expect_async(exp, timeout)
+        else:
+            return exp.expect_loop(timeout)
+
+    def expect_loop(self, searcher, timeout=-1, searchwindowsize=-1):
+        '''This is the common loop used inside expect. The 'searcher' should be
+        an instance of searcher_re or searcher_string, which describes how and
+        what to search for in the input.
+
+        See expect() for other arguments, return value and exceptions. '''
+
+        exp = Expecter(self, searcher, searchwindowsize)
+        return exp.expect_loop(timeout)
+
+    def read(self, size=-1):
+        '''This reads at most "size" bytes from the file (less if the read hits
+        EOF before obtaining size bytes). If the size argument is negative or
+        omitted, read all data until EOF is reached. The bytes are returned as
+        a string object. An empty string is returned when EOF is encountered
+        immediately. '''
+
+        if size == 0:
+            return self.string_type()
+        if size < 0:
+            # delimiter default is EOF
+            self.expect(self.delimiter)
+            return self.before
+
+        # I could have done this more directly by not using expect(), but
+        # I deliberately decided to couple read() to expect() so that
+        # I would catch any bugs early and ensure consistent behavior.
+        # It's a little less efficient, but there is less for me to
+        # worry about if I have to later modify read() or expect().
+        # Note, it's OK if size==-1 in the regex. That just means it
+        # will never match anything in which case we stop only on EOF.
+        cre = re.compile(self._coerce_expect_string('.{%d}' % size), re.DOTALL)
+        # delimiter default is EOF
+        index = self.expect([cre, self.delimiter])
+        if index == 0:
+            ### FIXME self.before should be ''. Should I assert this?
+            return self.after
+        return self.before
+
+    def readline(self, size=-1):
+        '''This reads and returns one entire line. The newline at the end of
+        line is returned as part of the string, unless the file ends without a
+        newline. An empty string is returned if EOF is encountered immediately.
+        This looks for a newline as a CR/LF pair (\\r\\n) even on UNIX because
+        this is what the pseudotty device returns. So contrary to what you may
+        expect you will receive newlines as \\r\\n.
+
+        If the size argument is 0 then an empty string is returned. In all
+        other cases the size argument is ignored, which is not standard
+        behavior for a file-like object. '''
+
+        if size == 0:
+            return self.string_type()
+        # delimiter default is EOF
+        index = self.expect([self.crlf, self.delimiter])
+        if index == 0:
+            return self.before + self.crlf
+        else:
+            return self.before
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        '''This is to support iterators over a file-like object.
+        '''
+        return iter(self.readline, self.string_type())
+
+    def readlines(self, sizehint=-1):
+        '''This reads until EOF using readline() and returns a list containing
+        the lines thus read. The optional 'sizehint' argument is ignored.
+        Remember, because this reads until EOF that means the child
+        process should have closed its stdout. If you run this method on
+        a child that is still running with its stdout open then this
+        method will block until it timesout.'''
+
+        lines = []
+        while True:
+            line = self.readline()
+            if not line:
+                break
+            lines.append(line)
+        return lines
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        '''Expose file descriptor for a file-like interface
+        '''
+        return self.child_fd
+
+    def flush(self):
+        '''This does nothing. It is here to support the interface for a
+        File-like object. '''
+        pass
+
+    def isatty(self):
+        """Overridden in subclass using tty"""
+        return False
+
+    # For 'with spawn(...) as child:'
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, etype, evalue, tb):
+        # We rely on subclasses to implement close(). If they don't, it's not
+        # clear what a context manager should do.
+        self.close()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/utils.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f774519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pexpect/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import stat
+import select
+import time
+import errno
+
+try:
+    InterruptedError
+except NameError:
+    # Alias Python2 exception to Python3
+    InterruptedError = select.error
+
+if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+    string_types = (str,)
+else:
+    string_types = (unicode, str)
+
+
+def is_executable_file(path):
+    """Checks that path is an executable regular file, or a symlink towards one.
+
+    This is roughly ``os.path isfile(path) and os.access(path, os.X_OK)``.
+    """
+    # follow symlinks,
+    fpath = os.path.realpath(path)
+
+    if not os.path.isfile(fpath):
+        # non-files (directories, fifo, etc.)
+        return False
+
+    mode = os.stat(fpath).st_mode
+
+    if (sys.platform.startswith('sunos')
+            and os.getuid() == 0):
+        # When root on Solaris, os.X_OK is True for *all* files, irregardless
+        # of their executability -- instead, any permission bit of any user,
+        # group, or other is fine enough.
+        #
+        # (This may be true for other "Unix98" OS's such as HP-UX and AIX)
+        return bool(mode & (stat.S_IXUSR |
+                            stat.S_IXGRP |
+                            stat.S_IXOTH))
+
+    return os.access(fpath, os.X_OK)
+
+
+def which(filename, env=None):
+    '''This takes a given filename; tries to find it in the environment path;
+    then checks if it is executable. This returns the full path to the filename
+    if found and executable. Otherwise this returns None.'''
+
+    # Special case where filename contains an explicit path.
+    if os.path.dirname(filename) != '' and is_executable_file(filename):
+        return filename
+    if env is None:
+        env = os.environ
+    p = env.get('PATH')
+    if not p:
+        p = os.defpath
+    pathlist = p.split(os.pathsep)
+    for path in pathlist:
+        ff = os.path.join(path, filename)
+        if is_executable_file(ff):
+            return ff
+    return None
+
+
+def split_command_line(command_line):
+
+    '''This splits a command line into a list of arguments. It splits arguments
+    on spaces, but handles embedded quotes, doublequotes, and escaped
+    characters. It's impossible to do this with a regular expression, so I
+    wrote a little state machine to parse the command line. '''
+
+    arg_list = []
+    arg = ''
+
+    # Constants to name the states we can be in.
+    state_basic = 0
+    state_esc = 1
+    state_singlequote = 2
+    state_doublequote = 3
+    # The state when consuming whitespace between commands.
+    state_whitespace = 4
+    state = state_basic
+
+    for c in command_line:
+        if state == state_basic or state == state_whitespace:
+            if c == '\\':
+                # Escape the next character
+                state = state_esc
+            elif c == r"'":
+                # Handle single quote
+                state = state_singlequote
+            elif c == r'"':
+                # Handle double quote
+                state = state_doublequote
+            elif c.isspace():
+                # Add arg to arg_list if we aren't in the middle of whitespace.
+                if state == state_whitespace:
+                    # Do nothing.
+                    None
+                else:
+                    arg_list.append(arg)
+                    arg = ''
+                    state = state_whitespace
+            else:
+                arg = arg + c
+                state = state_basic
+        elif state == state_esc:
+            arg = arg + c
+            state = state_basic
+        elif state == state_singlequote:
+            if c == r"'":
+                state = state_basic
+            else:
+                arg = arg + c
+        elif state == state_doublequote:
+            if c == r'"':
+                state = state_basic
+            else:
+                arg = arg + c
+
+    if arg != '':
+        arg_list.append(arg)
+    return arg_list
+
+
+def select_ignore_interrupts(iwtd, owtd, ewtd, timeout=None):
+
+    '''This is a wrapper around select.select() that ignores signals. If
+    select.select raises a select.error exception and errno is an EINTR
+    error then it is ignored. Mainly this is used to ignore sigwinch
+    (terminal resize). '''
+
+    # if select() is interrupted by a signal (errno==EINTR) then
+    # we loop back and enter the select() again.
+    if timeout is not None:
+        end_time = time.time() + timeout
+    while True:
+        try:
+            return select.select(iwtd, owtd, ewtd, timeout)
+        except InterruptedError:
+            err = sys.exc_info()[1]
+            if err.args[0] == errno.EINTR:
+                # if we loop back we have to subtract the
+                # amount of time we already waited.
+                if timeout is not None:
+                    timeout = end_time - time.time()
+                    if timeout < 0:
+                        return([], [], [])
+            else:
+                # something else caused the select.error, so
+                # this actually is an exception.
+                raise
+
+
+def poll_ignore_interrupts(fds, timeout=None):
+    '''Simple wrapper around poll to register file descriptors and
+    ignore signals.'''
+
+    if timeout is not None:
+        end_time = time.time() + timeout
+
+    poller = select.poll()
+    for fd in fds:
+        poller.register(fd, select.POLLIN | select.POLLPRI | select.POLLHUP | select.POLLERR)
+
+    while True:
+        try:
+            timeout_ms = None if timeout is None else timeout * 1000
+            results = poller.poll(timeout_ms)
+            return [afd for afd, _ in results]
+        except InterruptedError:
+            err = sys.exc_info()[1]
+            if err.args[0] == errno.EINTR:
+                # if we loop back we have to subtract the
+                # amount of time we already waited.
+                if timeout is not None:
+                    timeout = end_time - time.time()
+                    if timeout < 0:
+                        return []
+            else:
+                # something else caused the select.error, so
+                # this actually is an exception.
+                raise
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/LICENSE.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3379fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Copyright (c) 2008-2018 The pip developers (see AUTHORS.txt file)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e314aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: pip
+Version: 18.1
+Summary: The PyPA recommended tool for installing Python packages.
+Home-page: https://pip.pypa.io/
+Author: The pip developers
+Author-email: pypa-dev@groups.google.com
+License: MIT
+Keywords: distutils easy_install egg setuptools wheel virtualenv
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Build Tools
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Requires-Python: >=2.7,!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*,!=3.3.*
+
+pip
+===
+
+The `PyPA recommended`_ tool for installing Python packages.
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/pip.svg
+   :target: https://pypi.org/project/pip/
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/travis/pypa/pip/master.svg?label=travis-ci
+   :target: https://travis-ci.org/pypa/pip
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/appveyor/ci/pypa/pip.svg?label=appveyor-ci
+   :target: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/pypa/pip/history
+
+.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/pip/badge/?version=latest
+   :target: https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest
+
+* `Installation`_
+* `Documentation`_
+* `Changelog`_
+* `GitHub Page`_
+* `Issue Tracking`_
+* `User mailing list`_
+* `Dev mailing list`_
+* User IRC: #pypa on Freenode.
+* Dev IRC: #pypa-dev on Freenode.
+
+Code of Conduct
+---------------
+
+Everyone interacting in the pip project's codebases, issue trackers, chat
+rooms and mailing lists is expected to follow the `PyPA Code of Conduct`_.
+
+.. _PyPA recommended: https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/current/
+.. _Installation: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installing.html
+.. _Documentation: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/
+.. _Changelog: https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/news.html
+.. _GitHub Page: https://github.com/pypa/pip
+.. _Issue Tracking: https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues
+.. _User mailing list: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/python-virtualenv
+.. _Dev mailing list: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/pypa-dev
+.. _PyPA Code of Conduct: https://www.pypa.io/en/latest/code-of-conduct/
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ff9112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+../../../bin/pip,sha256=N96JOGycYhx_jUJXKFN4ECxlNDZfh2bJ04WDs6JuMgU,233
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4bde30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.32.3)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5809cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[console_scripts]
+pip = pip._internal:main
+pip3 = pip._internal:main
+pip3.7 = pip._internal:main
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip-18.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae265fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+__version__ = "18.1"
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__main__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c223f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+# If we are running from a wheel, add the wheel to sys.path
+# This allows the usage python pip-*.whl/pip install pip-*.whl
+if __package__ == '':
+    # __file__ is pip-*.whl/pip/__main__.py
+    # first dirname call strips of '/__main__.py', second strips off '/pip'
+    # Resulting path is the name of the wheel itself
+    # Add that to sys.path so we can import pip
+    path = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+    sys.path.insert(0, path)
+
+from pip._internal import main as _main  # isort:skip # noqa
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(_main())
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__pycache__/__main__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/__pycache__/__main__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..276124d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import locale
+import logging
+import os
+import warnings
+
+import sys
+
+# 2016-06-17 barry@debian.org: urllib3 1.14 added optional support for socks,
+# but if invoked (i.e. imported), it will issue a warning to stderr if socks
+# isn't available.  requests unconditionally imports urllib3's socks contrib
+# module, triggering this warning.  The warning breaks DEP-8 tests (because of
+# the stderr output) and is just plain annoying in normal usage.  I don't want
+# to add socks as yet another dependency for pip, nor do I want to allow-stder
+# in the DEP-8 tests, so just suppress the warning.  pdb tells me this has to
+# be done before the import of pip.vcs.
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import DependencyWarning
+warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=DependencyWarning)  # noqa
+
+# We want to inject the use of SecureTransport as early as possible so that any
+# references or sessions or what have you are ensured to have it, however we
+# only want to do this in the case that we're running on macOS and the linked
+# OpenSSL is too old to handle TLSv1.2
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+else:
+    # Checks for OpenSSL 1.0.1 on MacOS
+    if sys.platform == "darwin" and ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x1000100f:
+        try:
+            from pip._vendor.urllib3.contrib import securetransport
+        except (ImportError, OSError):
+            pass
+        else:
+            securetransport.inject_into_urllib3()
+
+from pip._internal.cli.autocompletion import autocomplete
+from pip._internal.cli.main_parser import parse_command
+from pip._internal.commands import commands_dict
+from pip._internal.exceptions import PipError
+from pip._internal.utils import deprecation
+from pip._internal.vcs import git, mercurial, subversion, bazaar  # noqa
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# Hide the InsecureRequestWarning from urllib3
+warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=InsecureRequestWarning)
+
+
+def main(args=None):
+    if args is None:
+        args = sys.argv[1:]
+
+    # Configure our deprecation warnings to be sent through loggers
+    deprecation.install_warning_logger()
+
+    autocomplete()
+
+    try:
+        cmd_name, cmd_args = parse_command(args)
+    except PipError as exc:
+        sys.stderr.write("ERROR: %s" % exc)
+        sys.stderr.write(os.linesep)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    # Needed for locale.getpreferredencoding(False) to work
+    # in pip._internal.utils.encoding.auto_decode
+    try:
+        locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '')
+    except locale.Error as e:
+        # setlocale can apparently crash if locale are uninitialized
+        logger.debug("Ignoring error %s when setting locale", e)
+    command = commands_dict[cmd_name](isolated=("--isolated" in cmd_args))
+    return command.main(cmd_args)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/__pycache__/pyproject.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/__pycache__/pyproject.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/__pycache__/wheel.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/__pycache__/wheel.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/build_env.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/build_env.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..673409d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/build_env.py
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+"""Build Environment used for isolation during sdist building
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib
+from sysconfig import get_paths
+
+from pip._vendor.pkg_resources import Requirement, VersionConflict, WorkingSet
+
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import call_subprocess
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.utils.ui import open_spinner
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class BuildEnvironment(object):
+    """Creates and manages an isolated environment to install build deps
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._temp_dir = TempDirectory(kind="build-env")
+        self._temp_dir.create()
+
+    @property
+    def path(self):
+        return self._temp_dir.path
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.save_path = os.environ.get('PATH', None)
+        self.save_pythonpath = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', None)
+        self.save_nousersite = os.environ.get('PYTHONNOUSERSITE', None)
+
+        install_scheme = 'nt' if (os.name == 'nt') else 'posix_prefix'
+        install_dirs = get_paths(install_scheme, vars={
+            'base': self.path,
+            'platbase': self.path,
+        })
+
+        scripts = install_dirs['scripts']
+        if self.save_path:
+            os.environ['PATH'] = scripts + os.pathsep + self.save_path
+        else:
+            os.environ['PATH'] = scripts + os.pathsep + os.defpath
+
+        # Note: prefer distutils' sysconfig to get the
+        # library paths so PyPy is correctly supported.
+        purelib = get_python_lib(plat_specific=0, prefix=self.path)
+        platlib = get_python_lib(plat_specific=1, prefix=self.path)
+        if purelib == platlib:
+            lib_dirs = purelib
+        else:
+            lib_dirs = purelib + os.pathsep + platlib
+        if self.save_pythonpath:
+            os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = lib_dirs + os.pathsep + \
+                self.save_pythonpath
+        else:
+            os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = lib_dirs
+
+        os.environ['PYTHONNOUSERSITE'] = '1'
+
+        return self.path
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        def restore_var(varname, old_value):
+            if old_value is None:
+                os.environ.pop(varname, None)
+            else:
+                os.environ[varname] = old_value
+
+        restore_var('PATH', self.save_path)
+        restore_var('PYTHONPATH', self.save_pythonpath)
+        restore_var('PYTHONNOUSERSITE', self.save_nousersite)
+
+    def cleanup(self):
+        self._temp_dir.cleanup()
+
+    def missing_requirements(self, reqs):
+        """Return a list of the requirements from reqs that are not present
+        """
+        missing = []
+        with self:
+            ws = WorkingSet(os.environ["PYTHONPATH"].split(os.pathsep))
+            for req in reqs:
+                try:
+                    if ws.find(Requirement.parse(req)) is None:
+                        missing.append(req)
+                except VersionConflict:
+                    missing.append(req)
+            return missing
+
+    def install_requirements(self, finder, requirements, message):
+        args = [
+            sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install', '--ignore-installed',
+            '--no-user', '--prefix', self.path, '--no-warn-script-location',
+        ]
+        if logger.getEffectiveLevel() <= logging.DEBUG:
+            args.append('-v')
+        for format_control in ('no_binary', 'only_binary'):
+            formats = getattr(finder.format_control, format_control)
+            args.extend(('--' + format_control.replace('_', '-'),
+                         ','.join(sorted(formats or {':none:'}))))
+        if finder.index_urls:
+            args.extend(['-i', finder.index_urls[0]])
+            for extra_index in finder.index_urls[1:]:
+                args.extend(['--extra-index-url', extra_index])
+        else:
+            args.append('--no-index')
+        for link in finder.find_links:
+            args.extend(['--find-links', link])
+        for _, host, _ in finder.secure_origins:
+            args.extend(['--trusted-host', host])
+        if finder.allow_all_prereleases:
+            args.append('--pre')
+        if finder.process_dependency_links:
+            args.append('--process-dependency-links')
+        args.append('--')
+        args.extend(requirements)
+        with open_spinner(message) as spinner:
+            call_subprocess(args, show_stdout=False, spinner=spinner)
+
+
+class NoOpBuildEnvironment(BuildEnvironment):
+    """A no-op drop-in replacement for BuildEnvironment
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        pass
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        pass
+
+    def cleanup(self):
+        pass
+
+    def install_requirements(self, finder, requirements, message):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cache.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cache.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33bec97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cache.py
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+"""Cache Management
+"""
+
+import errno
+import hashlib
+import logging
+import os
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.download import path_to_url
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import expanduser
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.wheel import InvalidWheelFilename, Wheel
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Cache(object):
+    """An abstract class - provides cache directories for data from links
+
+
+        :param cache_dir: The root of the cache.
+        :param format_control: An object of FormatControl class to limit
+            binaries being read from the cache.
+        :param allowed_formats: which formats of files the cache should store.
+            ('binary' and 'source' are the only allowed values)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, cache_dir, format_control, allowed_formats):
+        super(Cache, self).__init__()
+        self.cache_dir = expanduser(cache_dir) if cache_dir else None
+        self.format_control = format_control
+        self.allowed_formats = allowed_formats
+
+        _valid_formats = {"source", "binary"}
+        assert self.allowed_formats.union(_valid_formats) == _valid_formats
+
+    def _get_cache_path_parts(self, link):
+        """Get parts of part that must be os.path.joined with cache_dir
+        """
+
+        # We want to generate an url to use as our cache key, we don't want to
+        # just re-use the URL because it might have other items in the fragment
+        # and we don't care about those.
+        key_parts = [link.url_without_fragment]
+        if link.hash_name is not None and link.hash is not None:
+            key_parts.append("=".join([link.hash_name, link.hash]))
+        key_url = "#".join(key_parts)
+
+        # Encode our key url with sha224, we'll use this because it has similar
+        # security properties to sha256, but with a shorter total output (and
+        # thus less secure). However the differences don't make a lot of
+        # difference for our use case here.
+        hashed = hashlib.sha224(key_url.encode()).hexdigest()
+
+        # We want to nest the directories some to prevent having a ton of top
+        # level directories where we might run out of sub directories on some
+        # FS.
+        parts = [hashed[:2], hashed[2:4], hashed[4:6], hashed[6:]]
+
+        return parts
+
+    def _get_candidates(self, link, package_name):
+        can_not_cache = (
+            not self.cache_dir or
+            not package_name or
+            not link
+        )
+        if can_not_cache:
+            return []
+
+        canonical_name = canonicalize_name(package_name)
+        formats = self.format_control.get_allowed_formats(
+            canonical_name
+        )
+        if not self.allowed_formats.intersection(formats):
+            return []
+
+        root = self.get_path_for_link(link)
+        try:
+            return os.listdir(root)
+        except OSError as err:
+            if err.errno in {errno.ENOENT, errno.ENOTDIR}:
+                return []
+            raise
+
+    def get_path_for_link(self, link):
+        """Return a directory to store cached items in for link.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def get(self, link, package_name):
+        """Returns a link to a cached item if it exists, otherwise returns the
+        passed link.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def _link_for_candidate(self, link, candidate):
+        root = self.get_path_for_link(link)
+        path = os.path.join(root, candidate)
+
+        return Link(path_to_url(path))
+
+    def cleanup(self):
+        pass
+
+
+class SimpleWheelCache(Cache):
+    """A cache of wheels for future installs.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, cache_dir, format_control):
+        super(SimpleWheelCache, self).__init__(
+            cache_dir, format_control, {"binary"}
+        )
+
+    def get_path_for_link(self, link):
+        """Return a directory to store cached wheels for link
+
+        Because there are M wheels for any one sdist, we provide a directory
+        to cache them in, and then consult that directory when looking up
+        cache hits.
+
+        We only insert things into the cache if they have plausible version
+        numbers, so that we don't contaminate the cache with things that were
+        not unique. E.g. ./package might have dozens of installs done for it
+        and build a version of 0.0...and if we built and cached a wheel, we'd
+        end up using the same wheel even if the source has been edited.
+
+        :param link: The link of the sdist for which this will cache wheels.
+        """
+        parts = self._get_cache_path_parts(link)
+
+        # Store wheels within the root cache_dir
+        return os.path.join(self.cache_dir, "wheels", *parts)
+
+    def get(self, link, package_name):
+        candidates = []
+
+        for wheel_name in self._get_candidates(link, package_name):
+            try:
+                wheel = Wheel(wheel_name)
+            except InvalidWheelFilename:
+                continue
+            if not wheel.supported():
+                # Built for a different python/arch/etc
+                continue
+            candidates.append((wheel.support_index_min(), wheel_name))
+
+        if not candidates:
+            return link
+
+        return self._link_for_candidate(link, min(candidates)[1])
+
+
+class EphemWheelCache(SimpleWheelCache):
+    """A SimpleWheelCache that creates it's own temporary cache directory
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, format_control):
+        self._temp_dir = TempDirectory(kind="ephem-wheel-cache")
+        self._temp_dir.create()
+
+        super(EphemWheelCache, self).__init__(
+            self._temp_dir.path, format_control
+        )
+
+    def cleanup(self):
+        self._temp_dir.cleanup()
+
+
+class WheelCache(Cache):
+    """Wraps EphemWheelCache and SimpleWheelCache into a single Cache
+
+    This Cache allows for gracefully degradation, using the ephem wheel cache
+    when a certain link is not found in the simple wheel cache first.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, cache_dir, format_control):
+        super(WheelCache, self).__init__(
+            cache_dir, format_control, {'binary'}
+        )
+        self._wheel_cache = SimpleWheelCache(cache_dir, format_control)
+        self._ephem_cache = EphemWheelCache(format_control)
+
+    def get_path_for_link(self, link):
+        return self._wheel_cache.get_path_for_link(link)
+
+    def get_ephem_path_for_link(self, link):
+        return self._ephem_cache.get_path_for_link(link)
+
+    def get(self, link, package_name):
+        retval = self._wheel_cache.get(link, package_name)
+        if retval is link:
+            retval = self._ephem_cache.get(link, package_name)
+        return retval
+
+    def cleanup(self):
+        self._wheel_cache.cleanup()
+        self._ephem_cache.cleanup()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e589bb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""Subpackage containing all of pip's command line interface related code
+"""
+
+# This file intentionally does not import submodules
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a04199
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/autocompletion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+"""Logic that powers autocompletion installed by ``pip completion``.
+"""
+
+import optparse
+import os
+import sys
+
+from pip._internal.cli.main_parser import create_main_parser
+from pip._internal.commands import commands_dict, get_summaries
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_installed_distributions
+
+
+def autocomplete():
+    """Entry Point for completion of main and subcommand options.
+    """
+    # Don't complete if user hasn't sourced bash_completion file.
+    if 'PIP_AUTO_COMPLETE' not in os.environ:
+        return
+    cwords = os.environ['COMP_WORDS'].split()[1:]
+    cword = int(os.environ['COMP_CWORD'])
+    try:
+        current = cwords[cword - 1]
+    except IndexError:
+        current = ''
+
+    subcommands = [cmd for cmd, summary in get_summaries()]
+    options = []
+    # subcommand
+    try:
+        subcommand_name = [w for w in cwords if w in subcommands][0]
+    except IndexError:
+        subcommand_name = None
+
+    parser = create_main_parser()
+    # subcommand options
+    if subcommand_name:
+        # special case: 'help' subcommand has no options
+        if subcommand_name == 'help':
+            sys.exit(1)
+        # special case: list locally installed dists for show and uninstall
+        should_list_installed = (
+            subcommand_name in ['show', 'uninstall'] and
+            not current.startswith('-')
+        )
+        if should_list_installed:
+            installed = []
+            lc = current.lower()
+            for dist in get_installed_distributions(local_only=True):
+                if dist.key.startswith(lc) and dist.key not in cwords[1:]:
+                    installed.append(dist.key)
+            # if there are no dists installed, fall back to option completion
+            if installed:
+                for dist in installed:
+                    print(dist)
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+        subcommand = commands_dict[subcommand_name]()
+
+        for opt in subcommand.parser.option_list_all:
+            if opt.help != optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP:
+                for opt_str in opt._long_opts + opt._short_opts:
+                    options.append((opt_str, opt.nargs))
+
+        # filter out previously specified options from available options
+        prev_opts = [x.split('=')[0] for x in cwords[1:cword - 1]]
+        options = [(x, v) for (x, v) in options if x not in prev_opts]
+        # filter options by current input
+        options = [(k, v) for k, v in options if k.startswith(current)]
+        # get completion type given cwords and available subcommand options
+        completion_type = get_path_completion_type(
+            cwords, cword, subcommand.parser.option_list_all,
+        )
+        # get completion files and directories if ``completion_type`` is
+        # ``<file>``, ``<dir>`` or ``<path>``
+        if completion_type:
+            options = auto_complete_paths(current, completion_type)
+            options = ((opt, 0) for opt in options)
+        for option in options:
+            opt_label = option[0]
+            # append '=' to options which require args
+            if option[1] and option[0][:2] == "--":
+                opt_label += '='
+            print(opt_label)
+    else:
+        # show main parser options only when necessary
+
+        opts = [i.option_list for i in parser.option_groups]
+        opts.append(parser.option_list)
+        opts = (o for it in opts for o in it)
+        if current.startswith('-'):
+            for opt in opts:
+                if opt.help != optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP:
+                    subcommands += opt._long_opts + opt._short_opts
+        else:
+            # get completion type given cwords and all available options
+            completion_type = get_path_completion_type(cwords, cword, opts)
+            if completion_type:
+                subcommands = auto_complete_paths(current, completion_type)
+
+        print(' '.join([x for x in subcommands if x.startswith(current)]))
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def get_path_completion_type(cwords, cword, opts):
+    """Get the type of path completion (``file``, ``dir``, ``path`` or None)
+
+    :param cwords: same as the environmental variable ``COMP_WORDS``
+    :param cword: same as the environmental variable ``COMP_CWORD``
+    :param opts: The available options to check
+    :return: path completion type (``file``, ``dir``, ``path`` or None)
+    """
+    if cword < 2 or not cwords[cword - 2].startswith('-'):
+        return
+    for opt in opts:
+        if opt.help == optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP:
+            continue
+        for o in str(opt).split('/'):
+            if cwords[cword - 2].split('=')[0] == o:
+                if not opt.metavar or any(
+                        x in ('path', 'file', 'dir')
+                        for x in opt.metavar.split('/')):
+                    return opt.metavar
+
+
+def auto_complete_paths(current, completion_type):
+    """If ``completion_type`` is ``file`` or ``path``, list all regular files
+    and directories starting with ``current``; otherwise only list directories
+    starting with ``current``.
+
+    :param current: The word to be completed
+    :param completion_type: path completion type(`file`, `path` or `dir`)i
+    :return: A generator of regular files and/or directories
+    """
+    directory, filename = os.path.split(current)
+    current_path = os.path.abspath(directory)
+    # Don't complete paths if they can't be accessed
+    if not os.access(current_path, os.R_OK):
+        return
+    filename = os.path.normcase(filename)
+    # list all files that start with ``filename``
+    file_list = (x for x in os.listdir(current_path)
+                 if os.path.normcase(x).startswith(filename))
+    for f in file_list:
+        opt = os.path.join(current_path, f)
+        comp_file = os.path.normcase(os.path.join(directory, f))
+        # complete regular files when there is not ``<dir>`` after option
+        # complete directories when there is ``<file>``, ``<path>`` or
+        # ``<dir>``after option
+        if completion_type != 'dir' and os.path.isfile(opt):
+            yield comp_file
+        elif os.path.isdir(opt):
+            yield os.path.join(comp_file, '')
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dac4b05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py
@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+"""Base Command class, and related routines"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import logging.config
+import optparse
+import os
+import sys
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.parser import (
+    ConfigOptionParser, UpdatingDefaultsHelpFormatter,
+)
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import (
+    ERROR, PREVIOUS_BUILD_DIR_ERROR, SUCCESS, UNKNOWN_ERROR,
+    VIRTUALENV_NOT_FOUND,
+)
+from pip._internal.download import PipSession
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    BadCommand, CommandError, InstallationError, PreviousBuildDirError,
+    UninstallationError,
+)
+from pip._internal.index import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.locations import running_under_virtualenv
+from pip._internal.req.constructors import (
+    install_req_from_editable, install_req_from_line,
+)
+from pip._internal.req.req_file import parse_requirements
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import setup_logging
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_prog, normalize_path
+from pip._internal.utils.outdated import pip_version_check
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from typing import Optional  # noqa: F401
+
+__all__ = ['Command']
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Command(object):
+    name = None  # type: Optional[str]
+    usage = None  # type: Optional[str]
+    hidden = False  # type: bool
+    ignore_require_venv = False  # type: bool
+
+    def __init__(self, isolated=False):
+        parser_kw = {
+            'usage': self.usage,
+            'prog': '%s %s' % (get_prog(), self.name),
+            'formatter': UpdatingDefaultsHelpFormatter(),
+            'add_help_option': False,
+            'name': self.name,
+            'description': self.__doc__,
+            'isolated': isolated,
+        }
+
+        self.parser = ConfigOptionParser(**parser_kw)
+
+        # Commands should add options to this option group
+        optgroup_name = '%s Options' % self.name.capitalize()
+        self.cmd_opts = optparse.OptionGroup(self.parser, optgroup_name)
+
+        # Add the general options
+        gen_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
+            cmdoptions.general_group,
+            self.parser,
+        )
+        self.parser.add_option_group(gen_opts)
+
+    def _build_session(self, options, retries=None, timeout=None):
+        session = PipSession(
+            cache=(
+                normalize_path(os.path.join(options.cache_dir, "http"))
+                if options.cache_dir else None
+            ),
+            retries=retries if retries is not None else options.retries,
+            insecure_hosts=options.trusted_hosts,
+        )
+
+        # Handle custom ca-bundles from the user
+        if options.cert:
+            session.verify = options.cert
+
+        # Handle SSL client certificate
+        if options.client_cert:
+            session.cert = options.client_cert
+
+        # Handle timeouts
+        if options.timeout or timeout:
+            session.timeout = (
+                timeout if timeout is not None else options.timeout
+            )
+
+        # Handle configured proxies
+        if options.proxy:
+            session.proxies = {
+                "http": options.proxy,
+                "https": options.proxy,
+            }
+
+        # Determine if we can prompt the user for authentication or not
+        session.auth.prompting = not options.no_input
+
+        return session
+
+    def parse_args(self, args):
+        # factored out for testability
+        return self.parser.parse_args(args)
+
+    def main(self, args):
+        options, args = self.parse_args(args)
+
+        # Set verbosity so that it can be used elsewhere.
+        self.verbosity = options.verbose - options.quiet
+
+        setup_logging(
+            verbosity=self.verbosity,
+            no_color=options.no_color,
+            user_log_file=options.log,
+        )
+
+        # TODO: Try to get these passing down from the command?
+        #       without resorting to os.environ to hold these.
+        #       This also affects isolated builds and it should.
+
+        if options.no_input:
+            os.environ['PIP_NO_INPUT'] = '1'
+
+        if options.exists_action:
+            os.environ['PIP_EXISTS_ACTION'] = ' '.join(options.exists_action)
+
+        if options.require_venv and not self.ignore_require_venv:
+            # If a venv is required check if it can really be found
+            if not running_under_virtualenv():
+                logger.critical(
+                    'Could not find an activated virtualenv (required).'
+                )
+                sys.exit(VIRTUALENV_NOT_FOUND)
+
+        try:
+            status = self.run(options, args)
+            # FIXME: all commands should return an exit status
+            # and when it is done, isinstance is not needed anymore
+            if isinstance(status, int):
+                return status
+        except PreviousBuildDirError as exc:
+            logger.critical(str(exc))
+            logger.debug('Exception information:', exc_info=True)
+
+            return PREVIOUS_BUILD_DIR_ERROR
+        except (InstallationError, UninstallationError, BadCommand) as exc:
+            logger.critical(str(exc))
+            logger.debug('Exception information:', exc_info=True)
+
+            return ERROR
+        except CommandError as exc:
+            logger.critical('ERROR: %s', exc)
+            logger.debug('Exception information:', exc_info=True)
+
+            return ERROR
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            logger.critical('Operation cancelled by user')
+            logger.debug('Exception information:', exc_info=True)
+
+            return ERROR
+        except BaseException:
+            logger.critical('Exception:', exc_info=True)
+
+            return UNKNOWN_ERROR
+        finally:
+            allow_version_check = (
+                # Does this command have the index_group options?
+                hasattr(options, "no_index") and
+                # Is this command allowed to perform this check?
+                not (options.disable_pip_version_check or options.no_index)
+            )
+            # Check if we're using the latest version of pip available
+            if allow_version_check:
+                session = self._build_session(
+                    options,
+                    retries=0,
+                    timeout=min(5, options.timeout)
+                )
+                with session:
+                    pip_version_check(session, options)
+
+            # Shutdown the logging module
+            logging.shutdown()
+
+        return SUCCESS
+
+
+class RequirementCommand(Command):
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def populate_requirement_set(requirement_set, args, options, finder,
+                                 session, name, wheel_cache):
+        """
+        Marshal cmd line args into a requirement set.
+        """
+        # NOTE: As a side-effect, options.require_hashes and
+        #       requirement_set.require_hashes may be updated
+
+        for filename in options.constraints:
+            for req_to_add in parse_requirements(
+                    filename,
+                    constraint=True, finder=finder, options=options,
+                    session=session, wheel_cache=wheel_cache):
+                req_to_add.is_direct = True
+                requirement_set.add_requirement(req_to_add)
+
+        for req in args:
+            req_to_add = install_req_from_line(
+                req, None, isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                wheel_cache=wheel_cache
+            )
+            req_to_add.is_direct = True
+            requirement_set.add_requirement(req_to_add)
+
+        for req in options.editables:
+            req_to_add = install_req_from_editable(
+                req,
+                isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                wheel_cache=wheel_cache
+            )
+            req_to_add.is_direct = True
+            requirement_set.add_requirement(req_to_add)
+
+        for filename in options.requirements:
+            for req_to_add in parse_requirements(
+                    filename,
+                    finder=finder, options=options, session=session,
+                    wheel_cache=wheel_cache):
+                req_to_add.is_direct = True
+                requirement_set.add_requirement(req_to_add)
+        # If --require-hashes was a line in a requirements file, tell
+        # RequirementSet about it:
+        requirement_set.require_hashes = options.require_hashes
+
+        if not (args or options.editables or options.requirements):
+            opts = {'name': name}
+            if options.find_links:
+                raise CommandError(
+                    'You must give at least one requirement to %(name)s '
+                    '(maybe you meant "pip %(name)s %(links)s"?)' %
+                    dict(opts, links=' '.join(options.find_links)))
+            else:
+                raise CommandError(
+                    'You must give at least one requirement to %(name)s '
+                    '(see "pip help %(name)s")' % opts)
+
+    def _build_package_finder(self, options, session,
+                              platform=None, python_versions=None,
+                              abi=None, implementation=None):
+        """
+        Create a package finder appropriate to this requirement command.
+        """
+        index_urls = [options.index_url] + options.extra_index_urls
+        if options.no_index:
+            logger.debug('Ignoring indexes: %s', ','.join(index_urls))
+            index_urls = []
+
+        return PackageFinder(
+            find_links=options.find_links,
+            format_control=options.format_control,
+            index_urls=index_urls,
+            trusted_hosts=options.trusted_hosts,
+            allow_all_prereleases=options.pre,
+            process_dependency_links=options.process_dependency_links,
+            session=session,
+            platform=platform,
+            versions=python_versions,
+            abi=abi,
+            implementation=implementation,
+            prefer_binary=options.prefer_binary,
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..29b758f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/cmdoptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,714 @@
+"""
+shared options and groups
+
+The principle here is to define options once, but *not* instantiate them
+globally. One reason being that options with action='append' can carry state
+between parses. pip parses general options twice internally, and shouldn't
+pass on state. To be consistent, all options will follow this design.
+
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import warnings
+from functools import partial
+from optparse import SUPPRESS_HELP, Option, OptionGroup
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+from pip._internal.locations import USER_CACHE_DIR, src_prefix
+from pip._internal.models.format_control import FormatControl
+from pip._internal.models.index import PyPI
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import STRONG_HASHES
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+from pip._internal.utils.ui import BAR_TYPES
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from typing import Any  # noqa: F401
+
+
+def make_option_group(group, parser):
+    """
+    Return an OptionGroup object
+    group  -- assumed to be dict with 'name' and 'options' keys
+    parser -- an optparse Parser
+    """
+    option_group = OptionGroup(parser, group['name'])
+    for option in group['options']:
+        option_group.add_option(option())
+    return option_group
+
+
+def check_install_build_global(options, check_options=None):
+    """Disable wheels if per-setup.py call options are set.
+
+    :param options: The OptionParser options to update.
+    :param check_options: The options to check, if not supplied defaults to
+        options.
+    """
+    if check_options is None:
+        check_options = options
+
+    def getname(n):
+        return getattr(check_options, n, None)
+    names = ["build_options", "global_options", "install_options"]
+    if any(map(getname, names)):
+        control = options.format_control
+        control.disallow_binaries()
+        warnings.warn(
+            'Disabling all use of wheels due to the use of --build-options '
+            '/ --global-options / --install-options.', stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+
+def check_dist_restriction(options, check_target=False):
+    """Function for determining if custom platform options are allowed.
+
+    :param options: The OptionParser options.
+    :param check_target: Whether or not to check if --target is being used.
+    """
+    dist_restriction_set = any([
+        options.python_version,
+        options.platform,
+        options.abi,
+        options.implementation,
+    ])
+
+    binary_only = FormatControl(set(), {':all:'})
+    sdist_dependencies_allowed = (
+        options.format_control != binary_only and
+        not options.ignore_dependencies
+    )
+
+    # Installations or downloads using dist restrictions must not combine
+    # source distributions and dist-specific wheels, as they are not
+    # gauranteed to be locally compatible.
+    if dist_restriction_set and sdist_dependencies_allowed:
+        raise CommandError(
+            "When restricting platform and interpreter constraints using "
+            "--python-version, --platform, --abi, or --implementation, "
+            "either --no-deps must be set, or --only-binary=:all: must be "
+            "set and --no-binary must not be set (or must be set to "
+            ":none:)."
+        )
+
+    if check_target:
+        if dist_restriction_set and not options.target_dir:
+            raise CommandError(
+                "Can not use any platform or abi specific options unless "
+                "installing via '--target'"
+            )
+
+
+###########
+# options #
+###########
+
+help_ = partial(
+    Option,
+    '-h', '--help',
+    dest='help',
+    action='help',
+    help='Show help.',
+)  # type: Any
+
+isolated_mode = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--isolated",
+    dest="isolated_mode",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help=(
+        "Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user "
+        "configuration."
+    ),
+)
+
+require_virtualenv = partial(
+    Option,
+    # Run only if inside a virtualenv, bail if not.
+    '--require-virtualenv', '--require-venv',
+    dest='require_venv',
+    action='store_true',
+    default=False,
+    help=SUPPRESS_HELP
+)  # type: Any
+
+verbose = partial(
+    Option,
+    '-v', '--verbose',
+    dest='verbose',
+    action='count',
+    default=0,
+    help='Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.'
+)
+
+no_color = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--no-color',
+    dest='no_color',
+    action='store_true',
+    default=False,
+    help="Suppress colored output",
+)
+
+version = partial(
+    Option,
+    '-V', '--version',
+    dest='version',
+    action='store_true',
+    help='Show version and exit.',
+)  # type: Any
+
+quiet = partial(
+    Option,
+    '-q', '--quiet',
+    dest='quiet',
+    action='count',
+    default=0,
+    help=(
+        'Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3'
+        ' times (corresponding to WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging'
+        ' levels).'
+    ),
+)  # type: Any
+
+progress_bar = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--progress-bar',
+    dest='progress_bar',
+    type='choice',
+    choices=list(BAR_TYPES.keys()),
+    default='on',
+    help=(
+        'Specify type of progress to be displayed [' +
+        '|'.join(BAR_TYPES.keys()) + '] (default: %default)'
+    ),
+)  # type: Any
+
+log = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--log", "--log-file", "--local-log",
+    dest="log",
+    metavar="path",
+    help="Path to a verbose appending log."
+)  # type: Any
+
+no_input = partial(
+    Option,
+    # Don't ask for input
+    '--no-input',
+    dest='no_input',
+    action='store_true',
+    default=False,
+    help=SUPPRESS_HELP
+)  # type: Any
+
+proxy = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--proxy',
+    dest='proxy',
+    type='str',
+    default='',
+    help="Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port."
+)  # type: Any
+
+retries = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--retries',
+    dest='retries',
+    type='int',
+    default=5,
+    help="Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt "
+         "(default %default times).",
+)  # type: Any
+
+timeout = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--timeout', '--default-timeout',
+    metavar='sec',
+    dest='timeout',
+    type='float',
+    default=15,
+    help='Set the socket timeout (default %default seconds).',
+)  # type: Any
+
+skip_requirements_regex = partial(
+    Option,
+    # A regex to be used to skip requirements
+    '--skip-requirements-regex',
+    dest='skip_requirements_regex',
+    type='str',
+    default='',
+    help=SUPPRESS_HELP,
+)  # type: Any
+
+
+def exists_action():
+    return Option(
+        # Option when path already exist
+        '--exists-action',
+        dest='exists_action',
+        type='choice',
+        choices=['s', 'i', 'w', 'b', 'a'],
+        default=[],
+        action='append',
+        metavar='action',
+        help="Default action when a path already exists: "
+             "(s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort).",
+    )
+
+
+cert = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--cert',
+    dest='cert',
+    type='str',
+    metavar='path',
+    help="Path to alternate CA bundle.",
+)  # type: Any
+
+client_cert = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--client-cert',
+    dest='client_cert',
+    type='str',
+    default=None,
+    metavar='path',
+    help="Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the "
+         "private key and the certificate in PEM format.",
+)  # type: Any
+
+index_url = partial(
+    Option,
+    '-i', '--index-url', '--pypi-url',
+    dest='index_url',
+    metavar='URL',
+    default=PyPI.simple_url,
+    help="Base URL of Python Package Index (default %default). "
+         "This should point to a repository compliant with PEP 503 "
+         "(the simple repository API) or a local directory laid out "
+         "in the same format.",
+)  # type: Any
+
+
+def extra_index_url():
+    return Option(
+        '--extra-index-url',
+        dest='extra_index_urls',
+        metavar='URL',
+        action='append',
+        default=[],
+        help="Extra URLs of package indexes to use in addition to "
+             "--index-url. Should follow the same rules as "
+             "--index-url.",
+    )
+
+
+no_index = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--no-index',
+    dest='no_index',
+    action='store_true',
+    default=False,
+    help='Ignore package index (only looking at --find-links URLs instead).',
+)  # type: Any
+
+
+def find_links():
+    return Option(
+        '-f', '--find-links',
+        dest='find_links',
+        action='append',
+        default=[],
+        metavar='url',
+        help="If a url or path to an html file, then parse for links to "
+             "archives. If a local path or file:// url that's a directory, "
+             "then look for archives in the directory listing.",
+    )
+
+
+def trusted_host():
+    return Option(
+        "--trusted-host",
+        dest="trusted_hosts",
+        action="append",
+        metavar="HOSTNAME",
+        default=[],
+        help="Mark this host as trusted, even though it does not have valid "
+             "or any HTTPS.",
+    )
+
+
+# Remove after 1.5
+process_dependency_links = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--process-dependency-links",
+    dest="process_dependency_links",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=False,
+    help="Enable the processing of dependency links.",
+)  # type: Any
+
+
+def constraints():
+    return Option(
+        '-c', '--constraint',
+        dest='constraints',
+        action='append',
+        default=[],
+        metavar='file',
+        help='Constrain versions using the given constraints file. '
+        'This option can be used multiple times.'
+    )
+
+
+def requirements():
+    return Option(
+        '-r', '--requirement',
+        dest='requirements',
+        action='append',
+        default=[],
+        metavar='file',
+        help='Install from the given requirements file. '
+        'This option can be used multiple times.'
+    )
+
+
+def editable():
+    return Option(
+        '-e', '--editable',
+        dest='editables',
+        action='append',
+        default=[],
+        metavar='path/url',
+        help=('Install a project in editable mode (i.e. setuptools '
+              '"develop mode") from a local project path or a VCS url.'),
+    )
+
+
+src = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--src', '--source', '--source-dir', '--source-directory',
+    dest='src_dir',
+    metavar='dir',
+    default=src_prefix,
+    help='Directory to check out editable projects into. '
+    'The default in a virtualenv is "<venv path>/src". '
+    'The default for global installs is "<current dir>/src".'
+)  # type: Any
+
+
+def _get_format_control(values, option):
+    """Get a format_control object."""
+    return getattr(values, option.dest)
+
+
+def _handle_no_binary(option, opt_str, value, parser):
+    existing = _get_format_control(parser.values, option)
+    FormatControl.handle_mutual_excludes(
+        value, existing.no_binary, existing.only_binary,
+    )
+
+
+def _handle_only_binary(option, opt_str, value, parser):
+    existing = _get_format_control(parser.values, option)
+    FormatControl.handle_mutual_excludes(
+        value, existing.only_binary, existing.no_binary,
+    )
+
+
+def no_binary():
+    format_control = FormatControl(set(), set())
+    return Option(
+        "--no-binary", dest="format_control", action="callback",
+        callback=_handle_no_binary, type="str",
+        default=format_control,
+        help="Do not use binary packages. Can be supplied multiple times, and "
+             "each time adds to the existing value. Accepts either :all: to "
+             "disable all binary packages, :none: to empty the set, or one or "
+             "more package names with commas between them. Note that some "
+             "packages are tricky to compile and may fail to install when "
+             "this option is used on them.",
+    )
+
+
+def only_binary():
+    format_control = FormatControl(set(), set())
+    return Option(
+        "--only-binary", dest="format_control", action="callback",
+        callback=_handle_only_binary, type="str",
+        default=format_control,
+        help="Do not use source packages. Can be supplied multiple times, and "
+             "each time adds to the existing value. Accepts either :all: to "
+             "disable all source packages, :none: to empty the set, or one or "
+             "more package names with commas between them. Packages without "
+             "binary distributions will fail to install when this option is "
+             "used on them.",
+    )
+
+
+platform = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--platform',
+    dest='platform',
+    metavar='platform',
+    default=None,
+    help=("Only use wheels compatible with <platform>. "
+          "Defaults to the platform of the running system."),
+)
+
+
+python_version = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--python-version',
+    dest='python_version',
+    metavar='python_version',
+    default=None,
+    help=("Only use wheels compatible with Python "
+          "interpreter version <version>. If not specified, then the "
+          "current system interpreter minor version is used. A major "
+          "version (e.g. '2') can be specified to match all "
+          "minor revs of that major version.  A minor version "
+          "(e.g. '34') can also be specified."),
+)
+
+
+implementation = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--implementation',
+    dest='implementation',
+    metavar='implementation',
+    default=None,
+    help=("Only use wheels compatible with Python "
+          "implementation <implementation>, e.g. 'pp', 'jy', 'cp', "
+          " or 'ip'. If not specified, then the current "
+          "interpreter implementation is used.  Use 'py' to force "
+          "implementation-agnostic wheels."),
+)
+
+
+abi = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--abi',
+    dest='abi',
+    metavar='abi',
+    default=None,
+    help=("Only use wheels compatible with Python "
+          "abi <abi>, e.g. 'pypy_41'.  If not specified, then the "
+          "current interpreter abi tag is used.  Generally "
+          "you will need to specify --implementation, "
+          "--platform, and --python-version when using "
+          "this option."),
+)
+
+
+def prefer_binary():
+    return Option(
+        "--prefer-binary",
+        dest="prefer_binary",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        help="Prefer older binary packages over newer source packages."
+    )
+
+
+cache_dir = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--cache-dir",
+    dest="cache_dir",
+    default=USER_CACHE_DIR,
+    metavar="dir",
+    help="Store the cache data in <dir>."
+)
+
+no_cache = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--no-cache-dir",
+    dest="cache_dir",
+    action="store_false",
+    help="Disable the cache.",
+)
+
+no_deps = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--no-deps', '--no-dependencies',
+    dest='ignore_dependencies',
+    action='store_true',
+    default=False,
+    help="Don't install package dependencies.",
+)  # type: Any
+
+build_dir = partial(
+    Option,
+    '-b', '--build', '--build-dir', '--build-directory',
+    dest='build_dir',
+    metavar='dir',
+    help='Directory to unpack packages into and build in. Note that '
+         'an initial build still takes place in a temporary directory. '
+         'The location of temporary directories can be controlled by setting '
+         'the TMPDIR environment variable (TEMP on Windows) appropriately. '
+         'When passed, build directories are not cleaned in case of failures.'
+)  # type: Any
+
+ignore_requires_python = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--ignore-requires-python',
+    dest='ignore_requires_python',
+    action='store_true',
+    help='Ignore the Requires-Python information.'
+)  # type: Any
+
+no_build_isolation = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--no-build-isolation',
+    dest='build_isolation',
+    action='store_false',
+    default=True,
+    help='Disable isolation when building a modern source distribution. '
+         'Build dependencies specified by PEP 518 must be already installed '
+         'if this option is used.'
+)  # type: Any
+
+install_options = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--install-option',
+    dest='install_options',
+    action='append',
+    metavar='options',
+    help="Extra arguments to be supplied to the setup.py install "
+         "command (use like --install-option=\"--install-scripts=/usr/local/"
+         "bin\"). Use multiple --install-option options to pass multiple "
+         "options to setup.py install. If you are using an option with a "
+         "directory path, be sure to use absolute path.",
+)  # type: Any
+
+global_options = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--global-option',
+    dest='global_options',
+    action='append',
+    metavar='options',
+    help="Extra global options to be supplied to the setup.py "
+         "call before the install command.",
+)  # type: Any
+
+no_clean = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--no-clean',
+    action='store_true',
+    default=False,
+    help="Don't clean up build directories."
+)  # type: Any
+
+pre = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--pre',
+    action='store_true',
+    default=False,
+    help="Include pre-release and development versions. By default, "
+         "pip only finds stable versions.",
+)  # type: Any
+
+disable_pip_version_check = partial(
+    Option,
+    "--disable-pip-version-check",
+    dest="disable_pip_version_check",
+    action="store_true",
+    default=True,
+    help="Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version "
+         "of pip is available for download. Implied with --no-index.",
+)  # type: Any
+
+
+# Deprecated, Remove later
+always_unzip = partial(
+    Option,
+    '-Z', '--always-unzip',
+    dest='always_unzip',
+    action='store_true',
+    help=SUPPRESS_HELP,
+)  # type: Any
+
+
+def _merge_hash(option, opt_str, value, parser):
+    """Given a value spelled "algo:digest", append the digest to a list
+    pointed to in a dict by the algo name."""
+    if not parser.values.hashes:
+        parser.values.hashes = {}
+    try:
+        algo, digest = value.split(':', 1)
+    except ValueError:
+        parser.error('Arguments to %s must be a hash name '
+                     'followed by a value, like --hash=sha256:abcde...' %
+                     opt_str)
+    if algo not in STRONG_HASHES:
+        parser.error('Allowed hash algorithms for %s are %s.' %
+                     (opt_str, ', '.join(STRONG_HASHES)))
+    parser.values.hashes.setdefault(algo, []).append(digest)
+
+
+hash = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--hash',
+    # Hash values eventually end up in InstallRequirement.hashes due to
+    # __dict__ copying in process_line().
+    dest='hashes',
+    action='callback',
+    callback=_merge_hash,
+    type='string',
+    help="Verify that the package's archive matches this "
+         'hash before installing. Example: --hash=sha256:abcdef...',
+)  # type: Any
+
+
+require_hashes = partial(
+    Option,
+    '--require-hashes',
+    dest='require_hashes',
+    action='store_true',
+    default=False,
+    help='Require a hash to check each requirement against, for '
+         'repeatable installs. This option is implied when any package in a '
+         'requirements file has a --hash option.',
+)  # type: Any
+
+
+##########
+# groups #
+##########
+
+general_group = {
+    'name': 'General Options',
+    'options': [
+        help_,
+        isolated_mode,
+        require_virtualenv,
+        verbose,
+        version,
+        quiet,
+        log,
+        no_input,
+        proxy,
+        retries,
+        timeout,
+        skip_requirements_regex,
+        exists_action,
+        trusted_host,
+        cert,
+        client_cert,
+        cache_dir,
+        no_cache,
+        disable_pip_version_check,
+        no_color,
+    ]
+}
+
+index_group = {
+    'name': 'Package Index Options',
+    'options': [
+        index_url,
+        extra_index_url,
+        no_index,
+        find_links,
+        process_dependency_links,
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1774a6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main_parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+"""A single place for constructing and exposing the main parser
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+from pip import __version__
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.parser import (
+    ConfigOptionParser, UpdatingDefaultsHelpFormatter,
+)
+from pip._internal.commands import (
+    commands_dict, get_similar_commands, get_summaries,
+)
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_prog
+
+__all__ = ["create_main_parser", "parse_command"]
+
+
+def create_main_parser():
+    """Creates and returns the main parser for pip's CLI
+    """
+
+    parser_kw = {
+        'usage': '\n%prog <command> [options]',
+        'add_help_option': False,
+        'formatter': UpdatingDefaultsHelpFormatter(),
+        'name': 'global',
+        'prog': get_prog(),
+    }
+
+    parser = ConfigOptionParser(**parser_kw)
+    parser.disable_interspersed_args()
+
+    pip_pkg_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(
+        os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "..",
+    ))
+    parser.version = 'pip %s from %s (python %s)' % (
+        __version__, pip_pkg_dir, sys.version[:3],
+    )
+
+    # add the general options
+    gen_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(cmdoptions.general_group, parser)
+    parser.add_option_group(gen_opts)
+
+    parser.main = True  # so the help formatter knows
+
+    # create command listing for description
+    command_summaries = get_summaries()
+    description = [''] + ['%-27s %s' % (i, j) for i, j in command_summaries]
+    parser.description = '\n'.join(description)
+
+    return parser
+
+
+def parse_command(args):
+    parser = create_main_parser()
+
+    # Note: parser calls disable_interspersed_args(), so the result of this
+    # call is to split the initial args into the general options before the
+    # subcommand and everything else.
+    # For example:
+    #  args: ['--timeout=5', 'install', '--user', 'INITools']
+    #  general_options: ['--timeout==5']
+    #  args_else: ['install', '--user', 'INITools']
+    general_options, args_else = parser.parse_args(args)
+
+    # --version
+    if general_options.version:
+        sys.stdout.write(parser.version)
+        sys.stdout.write(os.linesep)
+        sys.exit()
+
+    # pip || pip help -> print_help()
+    if not args_else or (args_else[0] == 'help' and len(args_else) == 1):
+        parser.print_help()
+        sys.exit()
+
+    # the subcommand name
+    cmd_name = args_else[0]
+
+    if cmd_name not in commands_dict:
+        guess = get_similar_commands(cmd_name)
+
+        msg = ['unknown command "%s"' % cmd_name]
+        if guess:
+            msg.append('maybe you meant "%s"' % guess)
+
+        raise CommandError(' - '.join(msg))
+
+    # all the args without the subcommand
+    cmd_args = args[:]
+    cmd_args.remove(cmd_name)
+
+    return cmd_name, cmd_args
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/parser.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/parser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1eaac4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/parser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+"""Base option parser setup"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import optparse
+import sys
+import textwrap
+from distutils.util import strtobool
+
+from pip._vendor.six import string_types
+
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import UNKNOWN_ERROR
+from pip._internal.configuration import Configuration, ConfigurationError
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import get_terminal_size
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class PrettyHelpFormatter(optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter):
+    """A prettier/less verbose help formatter for optparse."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # help position must be aligned with __init__.parseopts.description
+        kwargs['max_help_position'] = 30
+        kwargs['indent_increment'] = 1
+        kwargs['width'] = get_terminal_size()[0] - 2
+        optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def format_option_strings(self, option):
+        return self._format_option_strings(option, ' <%s>', ', ')
+
+    def _format_option_strings(self, option, mvarfmt=' <%s>', optsep=', '):
+        """
+        Return a comma-separated list of option strings and metavars.
+
+        :param option:  tuple of (short opt, long opt), e.g: ('-f', '--format')
+        :param mvarfmt: metavar format string - evaluated as mvarfmt % metavar
+        :param optsep:  separator
+        """
+        opts = []
+
+        if option._short_opts:
+            opts.append(option._short_opts[0])
+        if option._long_opts:
+            opts.append(option._long_opts[0])
+        if len(opts) > 1:
+            opts.insert(1, optsep)
+
+        if option.takes_value():
+            metavar = option.metavar or option.dest.lower()
+            opts.append(mvarfmt % metavar.lower())
+
+        return ''.join(opts)
+
+    def format_heading(self, heading):
+        if heading == 'Options':
+            return ''
+        return heading + ':\n'
+
+    def format_usage(self, usage):
+        """
+        Ensure there is only one newline between usage and the first heading
+        if there is no description.
+        """
+        msg = '\nUsage: %s\n' % self.indent_lines(textwrap.dedent(usage), "  ")
+        return msg
+
+    def format_description(self, description):
+        # leave full control over description to us
+        if description:
+            if hasattr(self.parser, 'main'):
+                label = 'Commands'
+            else:
+                label = 'Description'
+            # some doc strings have initial newlines, some don't
+            description = description.lstrip('\n')
+            # some doc strings have final newlines and spaces, some don't
+            description = description.rstrip()
+            # dedent, then reindent
+            description = self.indent_lines(textwrap.dedent(description), "  ")
+            description = '%s:\n%s\n' % (label, description)
+            return description
+        else:
+            return ''
+
+    def format_epilog(self, epilog):
+        # leave full control over epilog to us
+        if epilog:
+            return epilog
+        else:
+            return ''
+
+    def indent_lines(self, text, indent):
+        new_lines = [indent + line for line in text.split('\n')]
+        return "\n".join(new_lines)
+
+
+class UpdatingDefaultsHelpFormatter(PrettyHelpFormatter):
+    """Custom help formatter for use in ConfigOptionParser.
+
+    This is updates the defaults before expanding them, allowing
+    them to show up correctly in the help listing.
+    """
+
+    def expand_default(self, option):
+        if self.parser is not None:
+            self.parser._update_defaults(self.parser.defaults)
+        return optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter.expand_default(self, option)
+
+
+class CustomOptionParser(optparse.OptionParser):
+
+    def insert_option_group(self, idx, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Insert an OptionGroup at a given position."""
+        group = self.add_option_group(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        self.option_groups.pop()
+        self.option_groups.insert(idx, group)
+
+        return group
+
+    @property
+    def option_list_all(self):
+        """Get a list of all options, including those in option groups."""
+        res = self.option_list[:]
+        for i in self.option_groups:
+            res.extend(i.option_list)
+
+        return res
+
+
+class ConfigOptionParser(CustomOptionParser):
+    """Custom option parser which updates its defaults by checking the
+    configuration files and environmental variables"""
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.name = kwargs.pop('name')
+
+        isolated = kwargs.pop("isolated", False)
+        self.config = Configuration(isolated)
+
+        assert self.name
+        optparse.OptionParser.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def check_default(self, option, key, val):
+        try:
+            return option.check_value(key, val)
+        except optparse.OptionValueError as exc:
+            print("An error occurred during configuration: %s" % exc)
+            sys.exit(3)
+
+    def _get_ordered_configuration_items(self):
+        # Configuration gives keys in an unordered manner. Order them.
+        override_order = ["global", self.name, ":env:"]
+
+        # Pool the options into different groups
+        section_items = {name: [] for name in override_order}
+        for section_key, val in self.config.items():
+            # ignore empty values
+            if not val:
+                logger.debug(
+                    "Ignoring configuration key '%s' as it's value is empty.",
+                    section_key
+                )
+                continue
+
+            section, key = section_key.split(".", 1)
+            if section in override_order:
+                section_items[section].append((key, val))
+
+        # Yield each group in their override order
+        for section in override_order:
+            for key, val in section_items[section]:
+                yield key, val
+
+    def _update_defaults(self, defaults):
+        """Updates the given defaults with values from the config files and
+        the environ. Does a little special handling for certain types of
+        options (lists)."""
+
+        # Accumulate complex default state.
+        self.values = optparse.Values(self.defaults)
+        late_eval = set()
+        # Then set the options with those values
+        for key, val in self._get_ordered_configuration_items():
+            # '--' because configuration supports only long names
+            option = self.get_option('--' + key)
+
+            # Ignore options not present in this parser. E.g. non-globals put
+            # in [global] by users that want them to apply to all applicable
+            # commands.
+            if option is None:
+                continue
+
+            if option.action in ('store_true', 'store_false', 'count'):
+                try:
+                    val = strtobool(val)
+                except ValueError:
+                    error_msg = invalid_config_error_message(
+                        option.action, key, val
+                    )
+                    self.error(error_msg)
+
+            elif option.action == 'append':
+                val = val.split()
+                val = [self.check_default(option, key, v) for v in val]
+            elif option.action == 'callback':
+                late_eval.add(option.dest)
+                opt_str = option.get_opt_string()
+                val = option.convert_value(opt_str, val)
+                # From take_action
+                args = option.callback_args or ()
+                kwargs = option.callback_kwargs or {}
+                option.callback(option, opt_str, val, self, *args, **kwargs)
+            else:
+                val = self.check_default(option, key, val)
+
+            defaults[option.dest] = val
+
+        for key in late_eval:
+            defaults[key] = getattr(self.values, key)
+        self.values = None
+        return defaults
+
+    def get_default_values(self):
+        """Overriding to make updating the defaults after instantiation of
+        the option parser possible, _update_defaults() does the dirty work."""
+        if not self.process_default_values:
+            # Old, pre-Optik 1.5 behaviour.
+            return optparse.Values(self.defaults)
+
+        # Load the configuration, or error out in case of an error
+        try:
+            self.config.load()
+        except ConfigurationError as err:
+            self.exit(UNKNOWN_ERROR, str(err))
+
+        defaults = self._update_defaults(self.defaults.copy())  # ours
+        for option in self._get_all_options():
+            default = defaults.get(option.dest)
+            if isinstance(default, string_types):
+                opt_str = option.get_opt_string()
+                defaults[option.dest] = option.check_value(opt_str, default)
+        return optparse.Values(defaults)
+
+    def error(self, msg):
+        self.print_usage(sys.stderr)
+        self.exit(UNKNOWN_ERROR, "%s\n" % msg)
+
+
+def invalid_config_error_message(action, key, val):
+    """Returns a better error message when invalid configuration option
+    is provided."""
+    if action in ('store_true', 'store_false'):
+        return ("{0} is not a valid value for {1} option, "
+                "please specify a boolean value like yes/no, "
+                "true/false or 1/0 instead.").format(val, key)
+
+    return ("{0} is not a valid value for {1} option, "
+            "please specify a numerical value like 1/0 "
+            "instead.").format(val, key)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/status_codes.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/status_codes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..275360a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/status_codes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+SUCCESS = 0
+ERROR = 1
+UNKNOWN_ERROR = 2
+VIRTUALENV_NOT_FOUND = 3
+PREVIOUS_BUILD_DIR_ERROR = 4
+NO_MATCHES_FOUND = 23
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7d1da3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+"""
+Package containing all pip commands
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from pip._internal.commands.completion import CompletionCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.configuration import ConfigurationCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.download import DownloadCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.freeze import FreezeCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.hash import HashCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.help import HelpCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.list import ListCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.check import CheckCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.search import SearchCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.show import ShowCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.install import InstallCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.uninstall import UninstallCommand
+from pip._internal.commands.wheel import WheelCommand
+
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from typing import List, Type  # noqa: F401
+    from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command  # noqa: F401
+
+commands_order = [
+    InstallCommand,
+    DownloadCommand,
+    UninstallCommand,
+    FreezeCommand,
+    ListCommand,
+    ShowCommand,
+    CheckCommand,
+    ConfigurationCommand,
+    SearchCommand,
+    WheelCommand,
+    HashCommand,
+    CompletionCommand,
+    HelpCommand,
+]  # type: List[Type[Command]]
+
+commands_dict = {c.name: c for c in commands_order}
+
+
+def get_summaries(ordered=True):
+    """Yields sorted (command name, command summary) tuples."""
+
+    if ordered:
+        cmditems = _sort_commands(commands_dict, commands_order)
+    else:
+        cmditems = commands_dict.items()
+
+    for name, command_class in cmditems:
+        yield (name, command_class.summary)
+
+
+def get_similar_commands(name):
+    """Command name auto-correct."""
+    from difflib import get_close_matches
+
+    name = name.lower()
+
+    close_commands = get_close_matches(name, commands_dict.keys())
+
+    if close_commands:
+        return close_commands[0]
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
+def _sort_commands(cmddict, order):
+    def keyfn(key):
+        try:
+            return order.index(key[1])
+        except ValueError:
+            # unordered items should come last
+            return 0xff
+
+    return sorted(cmddict.items(), key=keyfn)
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/check.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/check.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1be3ec2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/check.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import logging
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.operations.check import (
+    check_package_set, create_package_set_from_installed,
+)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class CheckCommand(Command):
+    """Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies."""
+    name = 'check'
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options]"""
+    summary = 'Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.'
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        package_set = create_package_set_from_installed()
+        missing, conflicting = check_package_set(package_set)
+
+        for project_name in missing:
+            version = package_set[project_name].version
+            for dependency in missing[project_name]:
+                logger.info(
+                    "%s %s requires %s, which is not installed.",
+                    project_name, version, dependency[0],
+                )
+
+        for project_name in conflicting:
+            version = package_set[project_name].version
+            for dep_name, dep_version, req in conflicting[project_name]:
+                logger.info(
+                    "%s %s has requirement %s, but you have %s %s.",
+                    project_name, version, req, dep_name, dep_version,
+                )
+
+        if missing or conflicting:
+            return 1
+        else:
+            logger.info("No broken requirements found.")
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/completion.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/completion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fcdd39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/completion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import sys
+import textwrap
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_prog
+
+BASE_COMPLETION = """
+# pip %(shell)s completion start%(script)s# pip %(shell)s completion end
+"""
+
+COMPLETION_SCRIPTS = {
+    'bash': """
+        _pip_completion()
+        {
+            COMPREPLY=( $( COMP_WORDS="${COMP_WORDS[*]}" \\
+                           COMP_CWORD=$COMP_CWORD \\
+                           PIP_AUTO_COMPLETE=1 $1 ) )
+        }
+        complete -o default -F _pip_completion %(prog)s
+    """,
+    'zsh': """
+        function _pip_completion {
+          local words cword
+          read -Ac words
+          read -cn cword
+          reply=( $( COMP_WORDS="$words[*]" \\
+                     COMP_CWORD=$(( cword-1 )) \\
+                     PIP_AUTO_COMPLETE=1 $words[1] ) )
+        }
+        compctl -K _pip_completion %(prog)s
+    """,
+    'fish': """
+        function __fish_complete_pip
+            set -lx COMP_WORDS (commandline -o) ""
+            set -lx COMP_CWORD ( \\
+                math (contains -i -- (commandline -t) $COMP_WORDS)-1 \\
+            )
+            set -lx PIP_AUTO_COMPLETE 1
+            string split \\  -- (eval $COMP_WORDS[1])
+        end
+        complete -fa "(__fish_complete_pip)" -c %(prog)s
+    """,
+}
+
+
+class CompletionCommand(Command):
+    """A helper command to be used for command completion."""
+    name = 'completion'
+    summary = 'A helper command used for command completion.'
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super(CompletionCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+
+        cmd_opts = self.cmd_opts
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--bash', '-b',
+            action='store_const',
+            const='bash',
+            dest='shell',
+            help='Emit completion code for bash')
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--zsh', '-z',
+            action='store_const',
+            const='zsh',
+            dest='shell',
+            help='Emit completion code for zsh')
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--fish', '-f',
+            action='store_const',
+            const='fish',
+            dest='shell',
+            help='Emit completion code for fish')
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        """Prints the completion code of the given shell"""
+        shells = COMPLETION_SCRIPTS.keys()
+        shell_options = ['--' + shell for shell in sorted(shells)]
+        if options.shell in shells:
+            script = textwrap.dedent(
+                COMPLETION_SCRIPTS.get(options.shell, '') % {
+                    'prog': get_prog(),
+                }
+            )
+            print(BASE_COMPLETION % {'script': script, 'shell': options.shell})
+        else:
+            sys.stderr.write(
+                'ERROR: You must pass %s\n' % ' or '.join(shell_options)
+            )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/configuration.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/configuration.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..826c08d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/configuration.py
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+import logging
+import os
+import subprocess
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.configuration import Configuration, kinds
+from pip._internal.exceptions import PipError
+from pip._internal.locations import venv_config_file
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_prog
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class ConfigurationCommand(Command):
+    """Manage local and global configuration.
+
+        Subcommands:
+
+        list: List the active configuration (or from the file specified)
+        edit: Edit the configuration file in an editor
+        get: Get the value associated with name
+        set: Set the name=value
+        unset: Unset the value associated with name
+
+        If none of --user, --global and --venv are passed, a virtual
+        environment configuration file is used if one is active and the file
+        exists. Otherwise, all modifications happen on the to the user file by
+        default.
+    """
+
+    name = 'config'
+    usage = """
+        %prog [<file-option>] list
+        %prog [<file-option>] [--editor <editor-path>] edit
+
+        %prog [<file-option>] get name
+        %prog [<file-option>] set name value
+        %prog [<file-option>] unset name
+    """
+
+    summary = "Manage local and global configuration."
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(ConfigurationCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        self.configuration = None
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--editor',
+            dest='editor',
+            action='store',
+            default=None,
+            help=(
+                'Editor to use to edit the file. Uses VISUAL or EDITOR '
+                'environment variables if not provided.'
+            )
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--global',
+            dest='global_file',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help='Use the system-wide configuration file only'
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--user',
+            dest='user_file',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help='Use the user configuration file only'
+        )
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--venv',
+            dest='venv_file',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help='Use the virtualenv configuration file only'
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        handlers = {
+            "list": self.list_values,
+            "edit": self.open_in_editor,
+            "get": self.get_name,
+            "set": self.set_name_value,
+            "unset": self.unset_name
+        }
+
+        # Determine action
+        if not args or args[0] not in handlers:
+            logger.error("Need an action ({}) to perform.".format(
+                ", ".join(sorted(handlers)))
+            )
+            return ERROR
+
+        action = args[0]
+
+        # Determine which configuration files are to be loaded
+        #    Depends on whether the command is modifying.
+        try:
+            load_only = self._determine_file(
+                options, need_value=(action in ["get", "set", "unset", "edit"])
+            )
+        except PipError as e:
+            logger.error(e.args[0])
+            return ERROR
+
+        # Load a new configuration
+        self.configuration = Configuration(
+            isolated=options.isolated_mode, load_only=load_only
+        )
+        self.configuration.load()
+
+        # Error handling happens here, not in the action-handlers.
+        try:
+            handlers[action](options, args[1:])
+        except PipError as e:
+            logger.error(e.args[0])
+            return ERROR
+
+        return SUCCESS
+
+    def _determine_file(self, options, need_value):
+        file_options = {
+            kinds.USER: options.user_file,
+            kinds.GLOBAL: options.global_file,
+            kinds.VENV: options.venv_file
+        }
+
+        if sum(file_options.values()) == 0:
+            if not need_value:
+                return None
+            # Default to user, unless there's a virtualenv file.
+            elif os.path.exists(venv_config_file):
+                return kinds.VENV
+            else:
+                return kinds.USER
+        elif sum(file_options.values()) == 1:
+            # There's probably a better expression for this.
+            return [key for key in file_options if file_options[key]][0]
+
+        raise PipError(
+            "Need exactly one file to operate upon "
+            "(--user, --venv, --global) to perform."
+        )
+
+    def list_values(self, options, args):
+        self._get_n_args(args, "list", n=0)
+
+        for key, value in sorted(self.configuration.items()):
+            logger.info("%s=%r", key, value)
+
+    def get_name(self, options, args):
+        key = self._get_n_args(args, "get [name]", n=1)
+        value = self.configuration.get_value(key)
+
+        logger.info("%s", value)
+
+    def set_name_value(self, options, args):
+        key, value = self._get_n_args(args, "set [name] [value]", n=2)
+        self.configuration.set_value(key, value)
+
+        self._save_configuration()
+
+    def unset_name(self, options, args):
+        key = self._get_n_args(args, "unset [name]", n=1)
+        self.configuration.unset_value(key)
+
+        self._save_configuration()
+
+    def open_in_editor(self, options, args):
+        editor = self._determine_editor(options)
+
+        fname = self.configuration.get_file_to_edit()
+        if fname is None:
+            raise PipError("Could not determine appropriate file.")
+
+        try:
+            subprocess.check_call([editor, fname])
+        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
+            raise PipError(
+                "Editor Subprocess exited with exit code {}"
+                .format(e.returncode)
+            )
+
+    def _get_n_args(self, args, example, n):
+        """Helper to make sure the command got the right number of arguments
+        """
+        if len(args) != n:
+            msg = (
+                'Got unexpected number of arguments, expected {}. '
+                '(example: "{} config {}")'
+            ).format(n, get_prog(), example)
+            raise PipError(msg)
+
+        if n == 1:
+            return args[0]
+        else:
+            return args
+
+    def _save_configuration(self):
+        # We successfully ran a modifying command. Need to save the
+        # configuration.
+        try:
+            self.configuration.save()
+        except Exception:
+            logger.error(
+                "Unable to save configuration. Please report this as a bug.",
+                exc_info=1
+            )
+            raise PipError("Internal Error.")
+
+    def _determine_editor(self, options):
+        if options.editor is not None:
+            return options.editor
+        elif "VISUAL" in os.environ:
+            return os.environ["VISUAL"]
+        elif "EDITOR" in os.environ:
+            return os.environ["EDITOR"]
+        else:
+            raise PipError("Could not determine editor to use.")
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/download.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/download.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3f3c6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/download.py
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import RequirementCommand
+from pip._internal.operations.prepare import RequirementPreparer
+from pip._internal.req import RequirementSet
+from pip._internal.req.req_tracker import RequirementTracker
+from pip._internal.resolve import Resolver
+from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import check_path_owner
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir, normalize_path
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class DownloadCommand(RequirementCommand):
+    """
+    Download packages from:
+
+    - PyPI (and other indexes) using requirement specifiers.
+    - VCS project urls.
+    - Local project directories.
+    - Local or remote source archives.
+
+    pip also supports downloading from "requirements files", which provide
+    an easy way to specify a whole environment to be downloaded.
+    """
+    name = 'download'
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ...
+      %prog [options] -r <requirements file> [package-index-options] ...
+      %prog [options] <vcs project url> ...
+      %prog [options] <local project path> ...
+      %prog [options] <archive url/path> ..."""
+
+    summary = 'Download packages.'
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super(DownloadCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+
+        cmd_opts = self.cmd_opts
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.constraints())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.requirements())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.build_dir())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_deps())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.global_options())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.prefer_binary())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.src())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.pre())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_clean())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.progress_bar())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_build_isolation())
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-d', '--dest', '--destination-dir', '--destination-directory',
+            dest='download_dir',
+            metavar='dir',
+            default=os.curdir,
+            help=("Download packages into <dir>."),
+        )
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.platform())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.python_version())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.implementation())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.abi())
+
+        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
+            cmdoptions.index_group,
+            self.parser,
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        options.ignore_installed = True
+        # editable doesn't really make sense for `pip download`, but the bowels
+        # of the RequirementSet code require that property.
+        options.editables = []
+
+        if options.python_version:
+            python_versions = [options.python_version]
+        else:
+            python_versions = None
+
+        cmdoptions.check_dist_restriction(options)
+
+        options.src_dir = os.path.abspath(options.src_dir)
+        options.download_dir = normalize_path(options.download_dir)
+
+        ensure_dir(options.download_dir)
+
+        with self._build_session(options) as session:
+            finder = self._build_package_finder(
+                options=options,
+                session=session,
+                platform=options.platform,
+                python_versions=python_versions,
+                abi=options.abi,
+                implementation=options.implementation,
+            )
+            build_delete = (not (options.no_clean or options.build_dir))
+            if options.cache_dir and not check_path_owner(options.cache_dir):
+                logger.warning(
+                    "The directory '%s' or its parent directory is not owned "
+                    "by the current user and caching wheels has been "
+                    "disabled. check the permissions and owner of that "
+                    "directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want "
+                    "sudo's -H flag.",
+                    options.cache_dir,
+                )
+                options.cache_dir = None
+
+            with RequirementTracker() as req_tracker, TempDirectory(
+                options.build_dir, delete=build_delete, kind="download"
+            ) as directory:
+
+                requirement_set = RequirementSet(
+                    require_hashes=options.require_hashes,
+                )
+                self.populate_requirement_set(
+                    requirement_set,
+                    args,
+                    options,
+                    finder,
+                    session,
+                    self.name,
+                    None
+                )
+
+                preparer = RequirementPreparer(
+                    build_dir=directory.path,
+                    src_dir=options.src_dir,
+                    download_dir=options.download_dir,
+                    wheel_download_dir=None,
+                    progress_bar=options.progress_bar,
+                    build_isolation=options.build_isolation,
+                    req_tracker=req_tracker,
+                )
+
+                resolver = Resolver(
+                    preparer=preparer,
+                    finder=finder,
+                    session=session,
+                    wheel_cache=None,
+                    use_user_site=False,
+                    upgrade_strategy="to-satisfy-only",
+                    force_reinstall=False,
+                    ignore_dependencies=options.ignore_dependencies,
+                    ignore_requires_python=False,
+                    ignore_installed=True,
+                    isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                )
+                resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
+
+                downloaded = ' '.join([
+                    req.name for req in requirement_set.successfully_downloaded
+                ])
+                if downloaded:
+                    logger.info('Successfully downloaded %s', downloaded)
+
+                # Clean up
+                if not options.no_clean:
+                    requirement_set.cleanup_files()
+
+        return requirement_set
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/freeze.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/freeze.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc9c53a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/freeze.py
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import sys
+
+from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.models.format_control import FormatControl
+from pip._internal.operations.freeze import freeze
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import stdlib_pkgs
+
+DEV_PKGS = {'pip', 'setuptools', 'distribute', 'wheel'}
+
+
+class FreezeCommand(Command):
+    """
+    Output installed packages in requirements format.
+
+    packages are listed in a case-insensitive sorted order.
+    """
+    name = 'freeze'
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options]"""
+    summary = 'Output installed packages in requirements format.'
+    log_streams = ("ext://sys.stderr", "ext://sys.stderr")
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super(FreezeCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-r', '--requirement',
+            dest='requirements',
+            action='append',
+            default=[],
+            metavar='file',
+            help="Use the order in the given requirements file and its "
+                 "comments when generating output. This option can be "
+                 "used multiple times.")
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-f', '--find-links',
+            dest='find_links',
+            action='append',
+            default=[],
+            metavar='URL',
+            help='URL for finding packages, which will be added to the '
+                 'output.')
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-l', '--local',
+            dest='local',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help='If in a virtualenv that has global access, do not output '
+                 'globally-installed packages.')
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--user',
+            dest='user',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help='Only output packages installed in user-site.')
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--all',
+            dest='freeze_all',
+            action='store_true',
+            help='Do not skip these packages in the output:'
+                 ' %s' % ', '.join(DEV_PKGS))
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--exclude-editable',
+            dest='exclude_editable',
+            action='store_true',
+            help='Exclude editable package from output.')
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        format_control = FormatControl(set(), set())
+        wheel_cache = WheelCache(options.cache_dir, format_control)
+        skip = set(stdlib_pkgs)
+        if not options.freeze_all:
+            skip.update(DEV_PKGS)
+
+        freeze_kwargs = dict(
+            requirement=options.requirements,
+            find_links=options.find_links,
+            local_only=options.local,
+            user_only=options.user,
+            skip_regex=options.skip_requirements_regex,
+            isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+            wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+            skip=skip,
+            exclude_editable=options.exclude_editable,
+        )
+
+        try:
+            for line in freeze(**freeze_kwargs):
+                sys.stdout.write(line + '\n')
+        finally:
+            wheel_cache.cleanup()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/hash.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/hash.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..423440e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/hash.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import hashlib
+import logging
+import sys
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import FAVORITE_HASH, STRONG_HASHES
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import read_chunks
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class HashCommand(Command):
+    """
+    Compute a hash of a local package archive.
+
+    These can be used with --hash in a requirements file to do repeatable
+    installs.
+
+    """
+    name = 'hash'
+    usage = '%prog [options] <file> ...'
+    summary = 'Compute hashes of package archives.'
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super(HashCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-a', '--algorithm',
+            dest='algorithm',
+            choices=STRONG_HASHES,
+            action='store',
+            default=FAVORITE_HASH,
+            help='The hash algorithm to use: one of %s' %
+                 ', '.join(STRONG_HASHES))
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        if not args:
+            self.parser.print_usage(sys.stderr)
+            return ERROR
+
+        algorithm = options.algorithm
+        for path in args:
+            logger.info('%s:\n--hash=%s:%s',
+                        path, algorithm, _hash_of_file(path, algorithm))
+
+
+def _hash_of_file(path, algorithm):
+    """Return the hash digest of a file."""
+    with open(path, 'rb') as archive:
+        hash = hashlib.new(algorithm)
+        for chunk in read_chunks(archive):
+            hash.update(chunk)
+    return hash.hexdigest()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/help.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/help.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49a81cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/help.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+
+
+class HelpCommand(Command):
+    """Show help for commands"""
+    name = 'help'
+    usage = """
+      %prog <command>"""
+    summary = 'Show help for commands.'
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        from pip._internal.commands import commands_dict, get_similar_commands
+
+        try:
+            # 'pip help' with no args is handled by pip.__init__.parseopt()
+            cmd_name = args[0]  # the command we need help for
+        except IndexError:
+            return SUCCESS
+
+        if cmd_name not in commands_dict:
+            guess = get_similar_commands(cmd_name)
+
+            msg = ['unknown command "%s"' % cmd_name]
+            if guess:
+                msg.append('maybe you meant "%s"' % guess)
+
+            raise CommandError(' - '.join(msg))
+
+        command = commands_dict[cmd_name]()
+        command.parser.print_help()
+
+        return SUCCESS
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9ed3b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,555 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import errno
+import logging
+import operator
+import os
+import shutil
+from optparse import SUPPRESS_HELP
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources
+
+from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import RequirementCommand
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    CommandError, InstallationError, PreviousBuildDirError,
+)
+from pip._internal.locations import distutils_scheme, virtualenv_no_global
+from pip._internal.operations.check import check_install_conflicts
+from pip._internal.operations.prepare import RequirementPreparer
+from pip._internal.req import RequirementSet, install_given_reqs
+from pip._internal.req.req_tracker import RequirementTracker
+from pip._internal.resolve import Resolver
+from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import check_path_owner
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    ensure_dir, get_installed_version,
+    protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.wheel import WheelBuilder
+
+try:
+    import wheel
+except ImportError:
+    wheel = None
+
+from pip._internal.locations import running_under_virtualenv
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class InstallCommand(RequirementCommand):
+    """
+    Install packages from:
+
+    - PyPI (and other indexes) using requirement specifiers.
+    - VCS project urls.
+    - Local project directories.
+    - Local or remote source archives.
+
+    pip also supports installing from "requirements files", which provide
+    an easy way to specify a whole environment to be installed.
+    """
+    name = 'install'
+
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ...
+      %prog [options] -r <requirements file> [package-index-options] ...
+      %prog [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ...
+      %prog [options] [-e] <local project path> ...
+      %prog [options] <archive url/path> ..."""
+
+    summary = 'Install packages.'
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super(InstallCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+
+        cmd_opts = self.cmd_opts
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.requirements())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.constraints())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_deps())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.pre())
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.editable())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-t', '--target',
+            dest='target_dir',
+            metavar='dir',
+            default=None,
+            help='Install packages into <dir>. '
+                 'By default this will not replace existing files/folders in '
+                 '<dir>. Use --upgrade to replace existing packages in <dir> '
+                 'with new versions.'
+        )
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.platform())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.python_version())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.implementation())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.abi())
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--user',
+            dest='use_user_site',
+            action='store_true',
+            help="Install to the Python user install directory for your "
+                 "platform. Typically ~/.local/, or %APPDATA%\\Python on "
+                 "Windows. (See the Python documentation for site.USER_BASE "
+                 "for full details.)  On Debian systems, this is the "
+                 "default when running outside of a virtual environment "
+                 "and not as root.")
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--no-user',
+            dest='use_system_location',
+            action='store_true',
+            help=SUPPRESS_HELP)
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--root',
+            dest='root_path',
+            metavar='dir',
+            default=None,
+            help="Install everything relative to this alternate root "
+                 "directory.")
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--prefix',
+            dest='prefix_path',
+            metavar='dir',
+            default=None,
+            help="Installation prefix where lib, bin and other top-level "
+                 "folders are placed")
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--system',
+            dest='use_system_location',
+            action='store_true',
+            help="Install using the system scheme (overrides --user on "
+                 "Debian systems)")
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.build_dir())
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.src())
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-U', '--upgrade',
+            dest='upgrade',
+            action='store_true',
+            help='Upgrade all specified packages to the newest available '
+                 'version. The handling of dependencies depends on the '
+                 'upgrade-strategy used.'
+        )
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--upgrade-strategy',
+            dest='upgrade_strategy',
+            default='only-if-needed',
+            choices=['only-if-needed', 'eager'],
+            help='Determines how dependency upgrading should be handled '
+                 '[default: %default]. '
+                 '"eager" - dependencies are upgraded regardless of '
+                 'whether the currently installed version satisfies the '
+                 'requirements of the upgraded package(s). '
+                 '"only-if-needed" -  are upgraded only when they do not '
+                 'satisfy the requirements of the upgraded package(s).'
+        )
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--force-reinstall',
+            dest='force_reinstall',
+            action='store_true',
+            help='Reinstall all packages even if they are already '
+                 'up-to-date.')
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-I', '--ignore-installed',
+            dest='ignore_installed',
+            action='store_true',
+            help='Ignore the installed packages (reinstalling instead).')
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.ignore_requires_python())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_build_isolation())
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.install_options())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.global_options())
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--compile",
+            action="store_true",
+            dest="compile",
+            default=True,
+            help="Compile Python source files to bytecode",
+        )
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--no-compile",
+            action="store_false",
+            dest="compile",
+            help="Do not compile Python source files to bytecode",
+        )
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--no-warn-script-location",
+            action="store_false",
+            dest="warn_script_location",
+            default=True,
+            help="Do not warn when installing scripts outside PATH",
+        )
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            "--no-warn-conflicts",
+            action="store_false",
+            dest="warn_about_conflicts",
+            default=True,
+            help="Do not warn about broken dependencies",
+        )
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.prefer_binary())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_clean())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.progress_bar())
+
+        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
+            cmdoptions.index_group,
+            self.parser,
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        cmdoptions.check_install_build_global(options)
+        upgrade_strategy = "to-satisfy-only"
+        if options.upgrade:
+            upgrade_strategy = options.upgrade_strategy
+
+        if options.build_dir:
+            options.build_dir = os.path.abspath(options.build_dir)
+
+        cmdoptions.check_dist_restriction(options, check_target=True)
+
+        if options.python_version:
+            python_versions = [options.python_version]
+        else:
+            python_versions = None
+
+        # compute install location defaults
+        if (not options.use_user_site and not options.prefix_path and not
+                options.target_dir and not options.use_system_location):
+            if not running_under_virtualenv() and os.geteuid() != 0:
+                options.use_user_site = True
+
+        if options.use_system_location:
+            options.use_user_site = False
+
+        options.src_dir = os.path.abspath(options.src_dir)
+        install_options = options.install_options or []
+        if options.use_user_site:
+            if options.prefix_path:
+                raise CommandError(
+                    "Can not combine '--user' and '--prefix' as they imply "
+                    "different installation locations"
+                )
+            if virtualenv_no_global():
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    "Can not perform a '--user' install. User site-packages "
+                    "are not visible in this virtualenv."
+                )
+            install_options.append('--user')
+            install_options.append('--prefix=')
+
+        target_temp_dir = TempDirectory(kind="target")
+        if options.target_dir:
+            options.ignore_installed = True
+            options.target_dir = os.path.abspath(options.target_dir)
+            if (os.path.exists(options.target_dir) and not
+                    os.path.isdir(options.target_dir)):
+                raise CommandError(
+                    "Target path exists but is not a directory, will not "
+                    "continue."
+                )
+
+            # Create a target directory for using with the target option
+            target_temp_dir.create()
+            install_options.append('--home=' + target_temp_dir.path)
+
+        global_options = options.global_options or []
+
+        with self._build_session(options) as session:
+            finder = self._build_package_finder(
+                options=options,
+                session=session,
+                platform=options.platform,
+                python_versions=python_versions,
+                abi=options.abi,
+                implementation=options.implementation,
+            )
+            build_delete = (not (options.no_clean or options.build_dir))
+            wheel_cache = WheelCache(options.cache_dir, options.format_control)
+
+            if options.cache_dir and not check_path_owner(options.cache_dir):
+                logger.warning(
+                    "The directory '%s' or its parent directory is not owned "
+                    "by the current user and caching wheels has been "
+                    "disabled. check the permissions and owner of that "
+                    "directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want "
+                    "sudo's -H flag.",
+                    options.cache_dir,
+                )
+                options.cache_dir = None
+
+            with RequirementTracker() as req_tracker, TempDirectory(
+                options.build_dir, delete=build_delete, kind="install"
+            ) as directory:
+                requirement_set = RequirementSet(
+                    require_hashes=options.require_hashes,
+                    check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir,
+                )
+
+                try:
+                    self.populate_requirement_set(
+                        requirement_set, args, options, finder, session,
+                        self.name, wheel_cache
+                    )
+                    preparer = RequirementPreparer(
+                        build_dir=directory.path,
+                        src_dir=options.src_dir,
+                        download_dir=None,
+                        wheel_download_dir=None,
+                        progress_bar=options.progress_bar,
+                        build_isolation=options.build_isolation,
+                        req_tracker=req_tracker,
+                    )
+
+                    resolver = Resolver(
+                        preparer=preparer,
+                        finder=finder,
+                        session=session,
+                        wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+                        use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
+                        upgrade_strategy=upgrade_strategy,
+                        force_reinstall=options.force_reinstall,
+                        ignore_dependencies=options.ignore_dependencies,
+                        ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
+                        ignore_installed=options.ignore_installed,
+                        isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                    )
+                    resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
+
+                    protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows(
+                        modifying_pip=requirement_set.has_requirement("pip")
+                    )
+
+                    # If caching is disabled or wheel is not installed don't
+                    # try to build wheels.
+                    if wheel and options.cache_dir:
+                        # build wheels before install.
+                        wb = WheelBuilder(
+                            finder, preparer, wheel_cache,
+                            build_options=[], global_options=[],
+                        )
+                        # Ignore the result: a failed wheel will be
+                        # installed from the sdist/vcs whatever.
+                        wb.build(
+                            requirement_set.requirements.values(),
+                            session=session, autobuilding=True
+                        )
+
+                    to_install = resolver.get_installation_order(
+                        requirement_set
+                    )
+
+                    # Consistency Checking of the package set we're installing.
+                    should_warn_about_conflicts = (
+                        not options.ignore_dependencies and
+                        options.warn_about_conflicts
+                    )
+                    if should_warn_about_conflicts:
+                        self._warn_about_conflicts(to_install)
+
+                    # Don't warn about script install locations if
+                    # --target has been specified
+                    warn_script_location = options.warn_script_location
+                    if options.target_dir:
+                        warn_script_location = False
+
+                    installed = install_given_reqs(
+                        to_install,
+                        install_options,
+                        global_options,
+                        root=options.root_path,
+                        home=target_temp_dir.path,
+                        prefix=options.prefix_path,
+                        pycompile=options.compile,
+                        warn_script_location=warn_script_location,
+                        use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
+                    )
+
+                    lib_locations = get_lib_location_guesses(
+                        user=options.use_user_site,
+                        home=target_temp_dir.path,
+                        root=options.root_path,
+                        prefix=options.prefix_path,
+                        isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                    )
+                    working_set = pkg_resources.WorkingSet(lib_locations)
+
+                    reqs = sorted(installed, key=operator.attrgetter('name'))
+                    items = []
+                    for req in reqs:
+                        item = req.name
+                        try:
+                            installed_version = get_installed_version(
+                                req.name, working_set=working_set
+                            )
+                            if installed_version:
+                                item += '-' + installed_version
+                        except Exception:
+                            pass
+                        items.append(item)
+                    installed = ' '.join(items)
+                    if installed:
+                        logger.info('Successfully installed %s', installed)
+                except EnvironmentError as error:
+                    show_traceback = (self.verbosity >= 1)
+
+                    message = create_env_error_message(
+                        error, show_traceback, options.use_user_site,
+                    )
+                    logger.error(message, exc_info=show_traceback)
+
+                    return ERROR
+                except PreviousBuildDirError:
+                    options.no_clean = True
+                    raise
+                finally:
+                    # Clean up
+                    if not options.no_clean:
+                        requirement_set.cleanup_files()
+                        wheel_cache.cleanup()
+
+        if options.target_dir:
+            self._handle_target_dir(
+                options.target_dir, target_temp_dir, options.upgrade
+            )
+        return requirement_set
+
+    def _handle_target_dir(self, target_dir, target_temp_dir, upgrade):
+        ensure_dir(target_dir)
+
+        # Checking both purelib and platlib directories for installed
+        # packages to be moved to target directory
+        lib_dir_list = []
+
+        with target_temp_dir:
+            # Checking both purelib and platlib directories for installed
+            # packages to be moved to target directory
+            scheme = distutils_scheme('', home=target_temp_dir.path)
+            purelib_dir = scheme['purelib']
+            platlib_dir = scheme['platlib']
+            data_dir = scheme['data']
+
+            if os.path.exists(purelib_dir):
+                lib_dir_list.append(purelib_dir)
+            if os.path.exists(platlib_dir) and platlib_dir != purelib_dir:
+                lib_dir_list.append(platlib_dir)
+            if os.path.exists(data_dir):
+                lib_dir_list.append(data_dir)
+
+            for lib_dir in lib_dir_list:
+                for item in os.listdir(lib_dir):
+                    if lib_dir == data_dir:
+                        ddir = os.path.join(data_dir, item)
+                        if any(s.startswith(ddir) for s in lib_dir_list[:-1]):
+                            continue
+                    target_item_dir = os.path.join(target_dir, item)
+                    if os.path.exists(target_item_dir):
+                        if not upgrade:
+                            logger.warning(
+                                'Target directory %s already exists. Specify '
+                                '--upgrade to force replacement.',
+                                target_item_dir
+                            )
+                            continue
+                        if os.path.islink(target_item_dir):
+                            logger.warning(
+                                'Target directory %s already exists and is '
+                                'a link. Pip will not automatically replace '
+                                'links, please remove if replacement is '
+                                'desired.',
+                                target_item_dir
+                            )
+                            continue
+                        if os.path.isdir(target_item_dir):
+                            shutil.rmtree(target_item_dir)
+                        else:
+                            os.remove(target_item_dir)
+
+                    shutil.move(
+                        os.path.join(lib_dir, item),
+                        target_item_dir
+                    )
+
+    def _warn_about_conflicts(self, to_install):
+        package_set, _dep_info = check_install_conflicts(to_install)
+        missing, conflicting = _dep_info
+
+        # NOTE: There is some duplication here from pip check
+        for project_name in missing:
+            version = package_set[project_name][0]
+            for dependency in missing[project_name]:
+                logger.critical(
+                    "%s %s requires %s, which is not installed.",
+                    project_name, version, dependency[1],
+                )
+
+        for project_name in conflicting:
+            version = package_set[project_name][0]
+            for dep_name, dep_version, req in conflicting[project_name]:
+                logger.critical(
+                    "%s %s has requirement %s, but you'll have %s %s which is "
+                    "incompatible.",
+                    project_name, version, req, dep_name, dep_version,
+                )
+
+
+def get_lib_location_guesses(*args, **kwargs):
+    scheme = distutils_scheme('', *args, **kwargs)
+    return [scheme['purelib'], scheme['platlib']]
+
+
+def create_env_error_message(error, show_traceback, using_user_site):
+    """Format an error message for an EnvironmentError
+
+    It may occur anytime during the execution of the install command.
+    """
+    parts = []
+
+    # Mention the error if we are not going to show a traceback
+    parts.append("Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError")
+    if not show_traceback:
+        parts.append(": ")
+        parts.append(str(error))
+    else:
+        parts.append(".")
+
+    # Spilt the error indication from a helper message (if any)
+    parts[-1] += "\n"
+
+    # Suggest useful actions to the user:
+    #  (1) using user site-packages or (2) verifying the permissions
+    if error.errno == errno.EACCES:
+        user_option_part = "Consider using the `--user` option"
+        permissions_part = "Check the permissions"
+
+        if not using_user_site:
+            parts.extend([
+                user_option_part, " or ",
+                permissions_part.lower(),
+            ])
+        else:
+            parts.append(permissions_part)
+        parts.append(".\n")
+
+    return "".join(parts).strip() + "\n"
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/list.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/list.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6eeca7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/list.py
@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import json
+import logging
+
+from pip._vendor import six
+from pip._vendor.six.moves import zip_longest
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+from pip._internal.index import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    dist_is_editable, get_installed_distributions,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.packaging import get_installer
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class ListCommand(Command):
+    """
+    List installed packages, including editables.
+
+    Packages are listed in a case-insensitive sorted order.
+    """
+    name = 'list'
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options]"""
+    summary = 'List installed packages.'
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super(ListCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+
+        cmd_opts = self.cmd_opts
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-o', '--outdated',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help='List outdated packages')
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-u', '--uptodate',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help='List uptodate packages')
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-e', '--editable',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help='List editable projects.')
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-l', '--local',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help=('If in a virtualenv that has global access, do not list '
+                  'globally-installed packages.'),
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--user',
+            dest='user',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help='Only output packages installed in user-site.')
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--pre',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help=("Include pre-release and development versions. By default, "
+                  "pip only finds stable versions."),
+        )
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--format',
+            action='store',
+            dest='list_format',
+            default="columns",
+            choices=('columns', 'freeze', 'json'),
+            help="Select the output format among: columns (default), freeze, "
+                 "or json",
+        )
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--not-required',
+            action='store_true',
+            dest='not_required',
+            help="List packages that are not dependencies of "
+                 "installed packages.",
+        )
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--exclude-editable',
+            action='store_false',
+            dest='include_editable',
+            help='Exclude editable package from output.',
+        )
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--include-editable',
+            action='store_true',
+            dest='include_editable',
+            help='Include editable package from output.',
+            default=True,
+        )
+        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
+            cmdoptions.index_group, self.parser
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, cmd_opts)
+
+    def _build_package_finder(self, options, index_urls, session):
+        """
+        Create a package finder appropriate to this list command.
+        """
+        return PackageFinder(
+            find_links=options.find_links,
+            index_urls=index_urls,
+            allow_all_prereleases=options.pre,
+            trusted_hosts=options.trusted_hosts,
+            process_dependency_links=options.process_dependency_links,
+            session=session,
+        )
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        if options.outdated and options.uptodate:
+            raise CommandError(
+                "Options --outdated and --uptodate cannot be combined.")
+
+        packages = get_installed_distributions(
+            local_only=options.local,
+            user_only=options.user,
+            editables_only=options.editable,
+            include_editables=options.include_editable,
+        )
+
+        if options.outdated:
+            packages = self.get_outdated(packages, options)
+        elif options.uptodate:
+            packages = self.get_uptodate(packages, options)
+
+        if options.not_required:
+            packages = self.get_not_required(packages, options)
+
+        self.output_package_listing(packages, options)
+
+    def get_outdated(self, packages, options):
+        return [
+            dist for dist in self.iter_packages_latest_infos(packages, options)
+            if dist.latest_version > dist.parsed_version
+        ]
+
+    def get_uptodate(self, packages, options):
+        return [
+            dist for dist in self.iter_packages_latest_infos(packages, options)
+            if dist.latest_version == dist.parsed_version
+        ]
+
+    def get_not_required(self, packages, options):
+        dep_keys = set()
+        for dist in packages:
+            dep_keys.update(requirement.key for requirement in dist.requires())
+        return {pkg for pkg in packages if pkg.key not in dep_keys}
+
+    def iter_packages_latest_infos(self, packages, options):
+        index_urls = [options.index_url] + options.extra_index_urls
+        if options.no_index:
+            logger.debug('Ignoring indexes: %s', ','.join(index_urls))
+            index_urls = []
+
+        dependency_links = []
+        for dist in packages:
+            if dist.has_metadata('dependency_links.txt'):
+                dependency_links.extend(
+                    dist.get_metadata_lines('dependency_links.txt'),
+                )
+
+        with self._build_session(options) as session:
+            finder = self._build_package_finder(options, index_urls, session)
+            finder.add_dependency_links(dependency_links)
+
+            for dist in packages:
+                typ = 'unknown'
+                all_candidates = finder.find_all_candidates(dist.key)
+                if not options.pre:
+                    # Remove prereleases
+                    all_candidates = [candidate for candidate in all_candidates
+                                      if not candidate.version.is_prerelease]
+
+                if not all_candidates:
+                    continue
+                best_candidate = max(all_candidates,
+                                     key=finder._candidate_sort_key)
+                remote_version = best_candidate.version
+                if best_candidate.location.is_wheel:
+                    typ = 'wheel'
+                else:
+                    typ = 'sdist'
+                # This is dirty but makes the rest of the code much cleaner
+                dist.latest_version = remote_version
+                dist.latest_filetype = typ
+                yield dist
+
+    def output_package_listing(self, packages, options):
+        packages = sorted(
+            packages,
+            key=lambda dist: dist.project_name.lower(),
+        )
+        if options.list_format == 'columns' and packages:
+            data, header = format_for_columns(packages, options)
+            self.output_package_listing_columns(data, header)
+        elif options.list_format == 'freeze':
+            for dist in packages:
+                if options.verbose >= 1:
+                    logger.info("%s==%s (%s)", dist.project_name,
+                                dist.version, dist.location)
+                else:
+                    logger.info("%s==%s", dist.project_name, dist.version)
+        elif options.list_format == 'json':
+            logger.info(format_for_json(packages, options))
+
+    def output_package_listing_columns(self, data, header):
+        # insert the header first: we need to know the size of column names
+        if len(data) > 0:
+            data.insert(0, header)
+
+        pkg_strings, sizes = tabulate(data)
+
+        # Create and add a separator.
+        if len(data) > 0:
+            pkg_strings.insert(1, " ".join(map(lambda x: '-' * x, sizes)))
+
+        for val in pkg_strings:
+            logger.info(val)
+
+
+def tabulate(vals):
+    # From pfmoore on GitHub:
+    # https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/3651#issuecomment-216932564
+    assert len(vals) > 0
+
+    sizes = [0] * max(len(x) for x in vals)
+    for row in vals:
+        sizes = [max(s, len(str(c))) for s, c in zip_longest(sizes, row)]
+
+    result = []
+    for row in vals:
+        display = " ".join([str(c).ljust(s) if c is not None else ''
+                            for s, c in zip_longest(sizes, row)])
+        result.append(display)
+
+    return result, sizes
+
+
+def format_for_columns(pkgs, options):
+    """
+    Convert the package data into something usable
+    by output_package_listing_columns.
+    """
+    running_outdated = options.outdated
+    # Adjust the header for the `pip list --outdated` case.
+    if running_outdated:
+        header = ["Package", "Version", "Latest", "Type"]
+    else:
+        header = ["Package", "Version"]
+
+    data = []
+    if options.verbose >= 1 or any(dist_is_editable(x) for x in pkgs):
+        header.append("Location")
+    if options.verbose >= 1:
+        header.append("Installer")
+
+    for proj in pkgs:
+        # if we're working on the 'outdated' list, separate out the
+        # latest_version and type
+        row = [proj.project_name, proj.version]
+
+        if running_outdated:
+            row.append(proj.latest_version)
+            row.append(proj.latest_filetype)
+
+        if options.verbose >= 1 or dist_is_editable(proj):
+            row.append(proj.location)
+        if options.verbose >= 1:
+            row.append(get_installer(proj))
+
+        data.append(row)
+
+    return data, header
+
+
+def format_for_json(packages, options):
+    data = []
+    for dist in packages:
+        info = {
+            'name': dist.project_name,
+            'version': six.text_type(dist.version),
+        }
+        if options.verbose >= 1:
+            info['location'] = dist.location
+            info['installer'] = get_installer(dist)
+        if options.outdated:
+            info['latest_version'] = six.text_type(dist.latest_version)
+            info['latest_filetype'] = dist.latest_filetype
+        data.append(info)
+    return json.dumps(data)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/search.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/search.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c157a31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/search.py
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import sys
+import textwrap
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+# NOTE: XMLRPC Client is not annotated in typeshed as on 2017-07-17, which is
+#       why we ignore the type on this import
+from pip._vendor.six.moves import xmlrpc_client  # type: ignore
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import NO_MATCHES_FOUND, SUCCESS
+from pip._internal.download import PipXmlrpcTransport
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError
+from pip._internal.models.index import PyPI
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import get_terminal_size
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class SearchCommand(Command):
+    """Search for PyPI packages whose name or summary contains <query>."""
+    name = 'search'
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <query>"""
+    summary = 'Search PyPI for packages.'
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super(SearchCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-i', '--index',
+            dest='index',
+            metavar='URL',
+            default=PyPI.pypi_url,
+            help='Base URL of Python Package Index (default %default)')
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        if not args:
+            raise CommandError('Missing required argument (search query).')
+        query = args
+        pypi_hits = self.search(query, options)
+        hits = transform_hits(pypi_hits)
+
+        terminal_width = None
+        if sys.stdout.isatty():
+            terminal_width = get_terminal_size()[0]
+
+        print_results(hits, terminal_width=terminal_width)
+        if pypi_hits:
+            return SUCCESS
+        return NO_MATCHES_FOUND
+
+    def search(self, query, options):
+        index_url = options.index
+        with self._build_session(options) as session:
+            transport = PipXmlrpcTransport(index_url, session)
+            pypi = xmlrpc_client.ServerProxy(index_url, transport)
+            hits = pypi.search({'name': query, 'summary': query}, 'or')
+            return hits
+
+
+def transform_hits(hits):
+    """
+    The list from pypi is really a list of versions. We want a list of
+    packages with the list of versions stored inline. This converts the
+    list from pypi into one we can use.
+    """
+    packages = OrderedDict()
+    for hit in hits:
+        name = hit['name']
+        summary = hit['summary']
+        version = hit['version']
+
+        if name not in packages.keys():
+            packages[name] = {
+                'name': name,
+                'summary': summary,
+                'versions': [version],
+            }
+        else:
+            packages[name]['versions'].append(version)
+
+            # if this is the highest version, replace summary and score
+            if version == highest_version(packages[name]['versions']):
+                packages[name]['summary'] = summary
+
+    return list(packages.values())
+
+
+def print_results(hits, name_column_width=None, terminal_width=None):
+    if not hits:
+        return
+    if name_column_width is None:
+        name_column_width = max([
+            len(hit['name']) + len(highest_version(hit.get('versions', ['-'])))
+            for hit in hits
+        ]) + 4
+
+    installed_packages = [p.project_name for p in pkg_resources.working_set]
+    for hit in hits:
+        name = hit['name']
+        summary = hit['summary'] or ''
+        latest = highest_version(hit.get('versions', ['-']))
+        if terminal_width is not None:
+            target_width = terminal_width - name_column_width - 5
+            if target_width > 10:
+                # wrap and indent summary to fit terminal
+                summary = textwrap.wrap(summary, target_width)
+                summary = ('\n' + ' ' * (name_column_width + 3)).join(summary)
+
+        line = '%-*s - %s' % (name_column_width,
+                              '%s (%s)' % (name, latest), summary)
+        try:
+            logger.info(line)
+            if name in installed_packages:
+                dist = pkg_resources.get_distribution(name)
+                with indent_log():
+                    if dist.version == latest:
+                        logger.info('INSTALLED: %s (latest)', dist.version)
+                    else:
+                        logger.info('INSTALLED: %s', dist.version)
+                        logger.info('LATEST:    %s', latest)
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            pass
+
+
+def highest_version(versions):
+    return max(versions, key=parse_version)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/show.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/show.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f92c9bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/show.py
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os
+from email.parser import FeedParser  # type: ignore
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class ShowCommand(Command):
+    """
+    Show information about one or more installed packages.
+
+    The output is in RFC-compliant mail header format.
+    """
+    name = 'show'
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <package> ..."""
+    summary = 'Show information about installed packages.'
+    ignore_require_venv = True
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super(ShowCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-f', '--files',
+            dest='files',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help='Show the full list of installed files for each package.')
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        if not args:
+            logger.warning('ERROR: Please provide a package name or names.')
+            return ERROR
+        query = args
+
+        results = search_packages_info(query)
+        if not print_results(
+                results, list_files=options.files, verbose=options.verbose):
+            return ERROR
+        return SUCCESS
+
+
+def search_packages_info(query):
+    """
+    Gather details from installed distributions. Print distribution name,
+    version, location, and installed files. Installed files requires a
+    pip generated 'installed-files.txt' in the distributions '.egg-info'
+    directory.
+    """
+    installed = {}
+    for p in pkg_resources.working_set:
+        installed[canonicalize_name(p.project_name)] = p
+
+    query_names = [canonicalize_name(name) for name in query]
+
+    for dist in [installed[pkg] for pkg in query_names if pkg in installed]:
+        package = {
+            'name': dist.project_name,
+            'version': dist.version,
+            'location': dist.location,
+            'requires': [dep.project_name for dep in dist.requires()],
+        }
+        file_list = None
+        metadata = None
+        if isinstance(dist, pkg_resources.DistInfoDistribution):
+            # RECORDs should be part of .dist-info metadatas
+            if dist.has_metadata('RECORD'):
+                lines = dist.get_metadata_lines('RECORD')
+                paths = [l.split(',')[0] for l in lines]
+                paths = [os.path.join(dist.location, p) for p in paths]
+                file_list = [os.path.relpath(p, dist.location) for p in paths]
+
+            if dist.has_metadata('METADATA'):
+                metadata = dist.get_metadata('METADATA')
+        else:
+            # Otherwise use pip's log for .egg-info's
+            if dist.has_metadata('installed-files.txt'):
+                paths = dist.get_metadata_lines('installed-files.txt')
+                paths = [os.path.join(dist.egg_info, p) for p in paths]
+                file_list = [os.path.relpath(p, dist.location) for p in paths]
+
+            if dist.has_metadata('PKG-INFO'):
+                metadata = dist.get_metadata('PKG-INFO')
+
+        if dist.has_metadata('entry_points.txt'):
+            entry_points = dist.get_metadata_lines('entry_points.txt')
+            package['entry_points'] = entry_points
+
+        if dist.has_metadata('INSTALLER'):
+            for line in dist.get_metadata_lines('INSTALLER'):
+                if line.strip():
+                    package['installer'] = line.strip()
+                    break
+
+        # @todo: Should pkg_resources.Distribution have a
+        # `get_pkg_info` method?
+        feed_parser = FeedParser()
+        feed_parser.feed(metadata)
+        pkg_info_dict = feed_parser.close()
+        for key in ('metadata-version', 'summary',
+                    'home-page', 'author', 'author-email', 'license'):
+            package[key] = pkg_info_dict.get(key)
+
+        # It looks like FeedParser cannot deal with repeated headers
+        classifiers = []
+        for line in metadata.splitlines():
+            if line.startswith('Classifier: '):
+                classifiers.append(line[len('Classifier: '):])
+        package['classifiers'] = classifiers
+
+        if file_list:
+            package['files'] = sorted(file_list)
+        yield package
+
+
+def print_results(distributions, list_files=False, verbose=False):
+    """
+    Print the informations from installed distributions found.
+    """
+    results_printed = False
+    for i, dist in enumerate(distributions):
+        results_printed = True
+        if i > 0:
+            logger.info("---")
+
+        name = dist.get('name', '')
+        required_by = [
+            pkg.project_name for pkg in pkg_resources.working_set
+            if name in [required.name for required in pkg.requires()]
+        ]
+
+        logger.info("Name: %s", name)
+        logger.info("Version: %s", dist.get('version', ''))
+        logger.info("Summary: %s", dist.get('summary', ''))
+        logger.info("Home-page: %s", dist.get('home-page', ''))
+        logger.info("Author: %s", dist.get('author', ''))
+        logger.info("Author-email: %s", dist.get('author-email', ''))
+        logger.info("License: %s", dist.get('license', ''))
+        logger.info("Location: %s", dist.get('location', ''))
+        logger.info("Requires: %s", ', '.join(dist.get('requires', [])))
+        logger.info("Required-by: %s", ', '.join(required_by))
+
+        if verbose:
+            logger.info("Metadata-Version: %s",
+                        dist.get('metadata-version', ''))
+            logger.info("Installer: %s", dist.get('installer', ''))
+            logger.info("Classifiers:")
+            for classifier in dist.get('classifiers', []):
+                logger.info("  %s", classifier)
+            logger.info("Entry-points:")
+            for entry in dist.get('entry_points', []):
+                logger.info("  %s", entry.strip())
+        if list_files:
+            logger.info("Files:")
+            for line in dist.get('files', []):
+                logger.info("  %s", line.strip())
+            if "files" not in dist:
+                logger.info("Cannot locate installed-files.txt")
+    return results_printed
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/uninstall.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/uninstall.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0cd6f54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/uninstall.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.req import parse_requirements
+from pip._internal.req.constructors import install_req_from_line
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows
+
+
+class UninstallCommand(Command):
+    """
+    Uninstall packages.
+
+    pip is able to uninstall most installed packages. Known exceptions are:
+
+    - Pure distutils packages installed with ``python setup.py install``, which
+      leave behind no metadata to determine what files were installed.
+    - Script wrappers installed by ``python setup.py develop``.
+    """
+    name = 'uninstall'
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <package> ...
+      %prog [options] -r <requirements file> ..."""
+    summary = 'Uninstall packages.'
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super(UninstallCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-r', '--requirement',
+            dest='requirements',
+            action='append',
+            default=[],
+            metavar='file',
+            help='Uninstall all the packages listed in the given requirements '
+                 'file.  This option can be used multiple times.',
+        )
+        self.cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-y', '--yes',
+            dest='yes',
+            action='store_true',
+            help="Don't ask for confirmation of uninstall deletions.")
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        with self._build_session(options) as session:
+            reqs_to_uninstall = {}
+            for name in args:
+                req = install_req_from_line(
+                    name, isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                )
+                if req.name:
+                    reqs_to_uninstall[canonicalize_name(req.name)] = req
+            for filename in options.requirements:
+                for req in parse_requirements(
+                        filename,
+                        options=options,
+                        session=session):
+                    if req.name:
+                        reqs_to_uninstall[canonicalize_name(req.name)] = req
+            if not reqs_to_uninstall:
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    'You must give at least one requirement to %(name)s (see '
+                    '"pip help %(name)s")' % dict(name=self.name)
+                )
+
+            protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows(
+                modifying_pip="pip" in reqs_to_uninstall
+            )
+
+            for req in reqs_to_uninstall.values():
+                uninstall_pathset = req.uninstall(
+                    auto_confirm=options.yes, verbose=self.verbosity > 0,
+                )
+                if uninstall_pathset:
+                    uninstall_pathset.commit()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/wheel.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c1f149
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os
+
+from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.cli.base_command import RequirementCommand
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError, PreviousBuildDirError
+from pip._internal.operations.prepare import RequirementPreparer
+from pip._internal.req import RequirementSet
+from pip._internal.req.req_tracker import RequirementTracker
+from pip._internal.resolve import Resolver
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.wheel import WheelBuilder
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class WheelCommand(RequirementCommand):
+    """
+    Build Wheel archives for your requirements and dependencies.
+
+    Wheel is a built-package format, and offers the advantage of not
+    recompiling your software during every install. For more details, see the
+    wheel docs: https://wheel.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+
+    Requirements: setuptools>=0.8, and wheel.
+
+    'pip wheel' uses the bdist_wheel setuptools extension from the wheel
+    package to build individual wheels.
+
+    """
+
+    name = 'wheel'
+    usage = """
+      %prog [options] <requirement specifier> ...
+      %prog [options] -r <requirements file> ...
+      %prog [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ...
+      %prog [options] [-e] <local project path> ...
+      %prog [options] <archive url/path> ..."""
+
+    summary = 'Build wheels from your requirements.'
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kw):
+        super(WheelCommand, self).__init__(*args, **kw)
+
+        cmd_opts = self.cmd_opts
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '-w', '--wheel-dir',
+            dest='wheel_dir',
+            metavar='dir',
+            default=os.curdir,
+            help=("Build wheels into <dir>, where the default is the "
+                  "current working directory."),
+        )
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.prefer_binary())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--build-option',
+            dest='build_options',
+            metavar='options',
+            action='append',
+            help="Extra arguments to be supplied to 'setup.py bdist_wheel'.",
+        )
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_build_isolation())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.constraints())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.editable())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.requirements())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.src())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.ignore_requires_python())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_deps())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.build_dir())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.progress_bar())
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--global-option',
+            dest='global_options',
+            action='append',
+            metavar='options',
+            help="Extra global options to be supplied to the setup.py "
+            "call before the 'bdist_wheel' command.")
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(
+            '--pre',
+            action='store_true',
+            default=False,
+            help=("Include pre-release and development versions. By default, "
+                  "pip only finds stable versions."),
+        )
+
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_clean())
+        cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes())
+
+        index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
+            cmdoptions.index_group,
+            self.parser,
+        )
+
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
+        self.parser.insert_option_group(0, cmd_opts)
+
+    def run(self, options, args):
+        cmdoptions.check_install_build_global(options)
+
+        index_urls = [options.index_url] + options.extra_index_urls
+        if options.no_index:
+            logger.debug('Ignoring indexes: %s', ','.join(index_urls))
+            index_urls = []
+
+        if options.build_dir:
+            options.build_dir = os.path.abspath(options.build_dir)
+
+        options.src_dir = os.path.abspath(options.src_dir)
+
+        with self._build_session(options) as session:
+            finder = self._build_package_finder(options, session)
+            build_delete = (not (options.no_clean or options.build_dir))
+            wheel_cache = WheelCache(options.cache_dir, options.format_control)
+
+            with RequirementTracker() as req_tracker, TempDirectory(
+                options.build_dir, delete=build_delete, kind="wheel"
+            ) as directory:
+
+                requirement_set = RequirementSet(
+                    require_hashes=options.require_hashes,
+                )
+
+                try:
+                    self.populate_requirement_set(
+                        requirement_set, args, options, finder, session,
+                        self.name, wheel_cache
+                    )
+
+                    preparer = RequirementPreparer(
+                        build_dir=directory.path,
+                        src_dir=options.src_dir,
+                        download_dir=None,
+                        wheel_download_dir=options.wheel_dir,
+                        progress_bar=options.progress_bar,
+                        build_isolation=options.build_isolation,
+                        req_tracker=req_tracker,
+                    )
+
+                    resolver = Resolver(
+                        preparer=preparer,
+                        finder=finder,
+                        session=session,
+                        wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+                        use_user_site=False,
+                        upgrade_strategy="to-satisfy-only",
+                        force_reinstall=False,
+                        ignore_dependencies=options.ignore_dependencies,
+                        ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
+                        ignore_installed=True,
+                        isolated=options.isolated_mode,
+                    )
+                    resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
+
+                    # build wheels
+                    wb = WheelBuilder(
+                        finder, preparer, wheel_cache,
+                        build_options=options.build_options or [],
+                        global_options=options.global_options or [],
+                        no_clean=options.no_clean,
+                    )
+                    wheels_built_successfully = wb.build(
+                        requirement_set.requirements.values(), session=session,
+                    )
+                    if not wheels_built_successfully:
+                        raise CommandError(
+                            "Failed to build one or more wheels"
+                        )
+                except PreviousBuildDirError:
+                    options.no_clean = True
+                    raise
+                finally:
+                    if not options.no_clean:
+                        requirement_set.cleanup_files()
+                        wheel_cache.cleanup()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/configuration.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/configuration.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe6df9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/configuration.py
@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+"""Configuration management setup
+
+Some terminology:
+- name
+  As written in config files.
+- value
+  Value associated with a name
+- key
+  Name combined with it's section (section.name)
+- variant
+  A single word describing where the configuration key-value pair came from
+"""
+
+import locale
+import logging
+import os
+
+from pip._vendor import six
+from pip._vendor.six.moves import configparser
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    ConfigurationError, ConfigurationFileCouldNotBeLoaded,
+)
+from pip._internal.locations import (
+    legacy_config_file, new_config_file, running_under_virtualenv,
+    site_config_files, venv_config_file,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir, enum
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from typing import (  # noqa: F401
+        Any, Dict, Iterable, List, NewType, Optional, Tuple
+    )
+
+    RawConfigParser = configparser.RawConfigParser  # Shorthand
+    Kind = NewType("Kind", str)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+# NOTE: Maybe use the optionx attribute to normalize keynames.
+def _normalize_name(name):
+    # type: (str) -> str
+    """Make a name consistent regardless of source (environment or file)
+    """
+    name = name.lower().replace('_', '-')
+    if name.startswith('--'):
+        name = name[2:]  # only prefer long opts
+    return name
+
+
+def _disassemble_key(name):
+    # type: (str) -> List[str]
+    return name.split(".", 1)
+
+
+# The kinds of configurations there are.
+kinds = enum(
+    USER="user",        # User Specific
+    GLOBAL="global",    # System Wide
+    VENV="venv",        # Virtual Environment Specific
+    ENV="env",          # from PIP_CONFIG_FILE
+    ENV_VAR="env-var",  # from Environment Variables
+)
+
+
+class Configuration(object):
+    """Handles management of configuration.
+
+    Provides an interface to accessing and managing configuration files.
+
+    This class converts provides an API that takes "section.key-name" style
+    keys and stores the value associated with it as "key-name" under the
+    section "section".
+
+    This allows for a clean interface wherein the both the section and the
+    key-name are preserved in an easy to manage form in the configuration files
+    and the data stored is also nice.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, isolated, load_only=None):
+        # type: (bool, Kind) -> None
+        super(Configuration, self).__init__()
+
+        _valid_load_only = [kinds.USER, kinds.GLOBAL, kinds.VENV, None]
+        if load_only not in _valid_load_only:
+            raise ConfigurationError(
+                "Got invalid value for load_only - should be one of {}".format(
+                    ", ".join(map(repr, _valid_load_only[:-1]))
+                )
+            )
+        self.isolated = isolated  # type: bool
+        self.load_only = load_only  # type: Optional[Kind]
+
+        # The order here determines the override order.
+        self._override_order = [
+            kinds.GLOBAL, kinds.USER, kinds.VENV, kinds.ENV, kinds.ENV_VAR
+        ]
+
+        self._ignore_env_names = ["version", "help"]
+
+        # Because we keep track of where we got the data from
+        self._parsers = {
+            variant: [] for variant in self._override_order
+        }  # type: Dict[Kind, List[Tuple[str, RawConfigParser]]]
+        self._config = {
+            variant: {} for variant in self._override_order
+        }  # type: Dict[Kind, Dict[str, Any]]
+        self._modified_parsers = []  # type: List[Tuple[str, RawConfigParser]]
+
+    def load(self):
+        # type: () -> None
+        """Loads configuration from configuration files and environment
+        """
+        self._load_config_files()
+        if not self.isolated:
+            self._load_environment_vars()
+
+    def get_file_to_edit(self):
+        # type: () -> Optional[str]
+        """Returns the file with highest priority in configuration
+        """
+        assert self.load_only is not None, \
+            "Need to be specified a file to be editing"
+
+        try:
+            return self._get_parser_to_modify()[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            return None
+
+    def items(self):
+        # type: () -> Iterable[Tuple[str, Any]]
+        """Returns key-value pairs like dict.items() representing the loaded
+        configuration
+        """
+        return self._dictionary.items()
+
+    def get_value(self, key):
+        # type: (str) -> Any
+        """Get a value from the configuration.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._dictionary[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ConfigurationError("No such key - {}".format(key))
+
+    def set_value(self, key, value):
+        # type: (str, Any) -> None
+        """Modify a value in the configuration.
+        """
+        self._ensure_have_load_only()
+
+        fname, parser = self._get_parser_to_modify()
+
+        if parser is not None:
+            section, name = _disassemble_key(key)
+
+            # Modify the parser and the configuration
+            if not parser.has_section(section):
+                parser.add_section(section)
+            parser.set(section, name, value)
+
+        self._config[self.load_only][key] = value
+        self._mark_as_modified(fname, parser)
+
+    def unset_value(self, key):
+        # type: (str) -> None
+        """Unset a value in the configuration.
+        """
+        self._ensure_have_load_only()
+
+        if key not in self._config[self.load_only]:
+            raise ConfigurationError("No such key - {}".format(key))
+
+        fname, parser = self._get_parser_to_modify()
+
+        if parser is not None:
+            section, name = _disassemble_key(key)
+
+            # Remove the key in the parser
+            modified_something = False
+            if parser.has_section(section):
+                # Returns whether the option was removed or not
+                modified_something = parser.remove_option(section, name)
+
+            if modified_something:
+                # name removed from parser, section may now be empty
+                section_iter = iter(parser.items(section))
+                try:
+                    val = six.next(section_iter)
+                except StopIteration:
+                    val = None
+
+                if val is None:
+                    parser.remove_section(section)
+
+                self._mark_as_modified(fname, parser)
+            else:
+                raise ConfigurationError(
+                    "Fatal Internal error [id=1]. Please report as a bug."
+                )
+
+        del self._config[self.load_only][key]
+
+    def save(self):
+        # type: () -> None
+        """Save the currentin-memory state.
+        """
+        self._ensure_have_load_only()
+
+        for fname, parser in self._modified_parsers:
+            logger.info("Writing to %s", fname)
+
+            # Ensure directory exists.
+            ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(fname))
+
+            with open(fname, "w") as f:
+                parser.write(f)  # type: ignore
+
+    #
+    # Private routines
+    #
+
+    def _ensure_have_load_only(self):
+        # type: () -> None
+        if self.load_only is None:
+            raise ConfigurationError("Needed a specific file to be modifying.")
+        logger.debug("Will be working with %s variant only", self.load_only)
+
+    @property
+    def _dictionary(self):
+        # type: () -> Dict[str, Any]
+        """A dictionary representing the loaded configuration.
+        """
+        # NOTE: Dictionaries are not populated if not loaded. So, conditionals
+        #       are not needed here.
+        retval = {}
+
+        for variant in self._override_order:
+            retval.update(self._config[variant])
+
+        return retval
+
+    def _load_config_files(self):
+        # type: () -> None
+        """Loads configuration from configuration files
+        """
+        config_files = dict(self._iter_config_files())
+        if config_files[kinds.ENV][0:1] == [os.devnull]:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Skipping loading configuration files due to "
+                "environment's PIP_CONFIG_FILE being os.devnull"
+            )
+            return
+
+        for variant, files in config_files.items():
+            for fname in files:
+                # If there's specific variant set in `load_only`, load only
+                # that variant, not the others.
+                if self.load_only is not None and variant != self.load_only:
+                    logger.debug(
+                        "Skipping file '%s' (variant: %s)", fname, variant
+                    )
+                    continue
+
+                parser = self._load_file(variant, fname)
+
+                # Keeping track of the parsers used
+                self._parsers[variant].append((fname, parser))
+
+    def _load_file(self, variant, fname):
+        # type: (Kind, str) -> RawConfigParser
+        logger.debug("For variant '%s', will try loading '%s'", variant, fname)
+        parser = self._construct_parser(fname)
+
+        for section in parser.sections():
+            items = parser.items(section)
+            self._config[variant].update(self._normalized_keys(section, items))
+
+        return parser
+
+    def _construct_parser(self, fname):
+        # type: (str) -> RawConfigParser
+        parser = configparser.RawConfigParser()
+        # If there is no such file, don't bother reading it but create the
+        # parser anyway, to hold the data.
+        # Doing this is useful when modifying and saving files, where we don't
+        # need to construct a parser.
+        if os.path.exists(fname):
+            try:
+                parser.read(fname)
+            except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/4963
+                raise ConfigurationFileCouldNotBeLoaded(
+                    reason="contains invalid {} characters".format(
+                        locale.getpreferredencoding(False)
+                    ),
+                    fname=fname,
+                )
+            except configparser.Error as error:
+                # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/4893
+                raise ConfigurationFileCouldNotBeLoaded(error=error)
+        return parser
+
+    def _load_environment_vars(self):
+        # type: () -> None
+        """Loads configuration from environment variables
+        """
+        self._config[kinds.ENV_VAR].update(
+            self._normalized_keys(":env:", self._get_environ_vars())
+        )
+
+    def _normalized_keys(self, section, items):
+        # type: (str, Iterable[Tuple[str, Any]]) -> Dict[str, Any]
+        """Normalizes items to construct a dictionary with normalized keys.
+
+        This routine is where the names become keys and are made the same
+        regardless of source - configuration files or environment.
+        """
+        normalized = {}
+        for name, val in items:
+            key = section + "." + _normalize_name(name)
+            normalized[key] = val
+        return normalized
+
+    def _get_environ_vars(self):
+        # type: () -> Iterable[Tuple[str, str]]
+        """Returns a generator with all environmental vars with prefix PIP_"""
+        for key, val in os.environ.items():
+            should_be_yielded = (
+                key.startswith("PIP_") and
+                key[4:].lower() not in self._ignore_env_names
+            )
+            if should_be_yielded:
+                yield key[4:].lower(), val
+
+    # XXX: This is patched in the tests.
+    def _iter_config_files(self):
+        # type: () -> Iterable[Tuple[Kind, List[str]]]
+        """Yields variant and configuration files associated with it.
+
+        This should be treated like items of a dictionary.
+        """
+        # SMELL: Move the conditions out of this function
+
+        # environment variables have the lowest priority
+        config_file = os.environ.get('PIP_CONFIG_FILE', None)
+        if config_file is not None:
+            yield kinds.ENV, [config_file]
+        else:
+            yield kinds.ENV, []
+
+        # at the base we have any global configuration
+        yield kinds.GLOBAL, list(site_config_files)
+
+        # per-user configuration next
+        should_load_user_config = not self.isolated and not (
+            config_file and os.path.exists(config_file)
+        )
+        if should_load_user_config:
+            # The legacy config file is overridden by the new config file
+            yield kinds.USER, [legacy_config_file, new_config_file]
+
+        # finally virtualenv configuration first trumping others
+        if running_under_virtualenv():
+            yield kinds.VENV, [venv_config_file]
+
+    def _get_parser_to_modify(self):
+        # type: () -> Tuple[str, RawConfigParser]
+        # Determine which parser to modify
+        parsers = self._parsers[self.load_only]
+        if not parsers:
+            # This should not happen if everything works correctly.
+            raise ConfigurationError(
+                "Fatal Internal error [id=2]. Please report as a bug."
+            )
+
+        # Use the highest priority parser.
+        return parsers[-1]
+
+    # XXX: This is patched in the tests.
+    def _mark_as_modified(self, fname, parser):
+        # type: (str, RawConfigParser) -> None
+        file_parser_tuple = (fname, parser)
+        if file_parser_tuple not in self._modified_parsers:
+            self._modified_parsers.append(file_parser_tuple)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/download.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/download.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96f3b65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/download.py
@@ -0,0 +1,921 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import cgi
+import email.utils
+import getpass
+import json
+import logging
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import platform
+import re
+import shutil
+import sys
+
+from pip._vendor import requests, six, urllib3
+from pip._vendor.cachecontrol import CacheControlAdapter
+from pip._vendor.cachecontrol.caches import FileCache
+from pip._vendor.lockfile import LockError
+from pip._vendor.requests.adapters import BaseAdapter, HTTPAdapter
+from pip._vendor.requests.auth import AuthBase, HTTPBasicAuth
+from pip._vendor.requests.models import CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE, Response
+from pip._vendor.requests.structures import CaseInsensitiveDict
+from pip._vendor.requests.utils import get_netrc_auth
+# NOTE: XMLRPC Client is not annotated in typeshed as on 2017-07-17, which is
+#       why we ignore the type on this import
+from pip._vendor.six.moves import xmlrpc_client  # type: ignore
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import parse as urllib_parse
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import request as urllib_request
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib.parse import unquote as urllib_unquote
+from pip._vendor.urllib3.util import IS_PYOPENSSL
+
+import pip
+from pip._internal.exceptions import HashMismatch, InstallationError
+from pip._internal.locations import write_delete_marker_file
+from pip._internal.models.index import PyPI
+from pip._internal.utils.encoding import auto_decode
+from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import check_path_owner
+from pip._internal.utils.glibc import libc_ver
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    ARCHIVE_EXTENSIONS, ask_path_exists, backup_dir, call_subprocess, consume,
+    display_path, format_size, get_installed_version, rmtree, splitext,
+    unpack_file,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.setuptools_build import SETUPTOOLS_SHIM
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.utils.ui import DownloadProgressProvider
+from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+
+try:
+    import ssl  # noqa
+except ImportError:
+    ssl = None
+
+HAS_TLS = (ssl is not None) or IS_PYOPENSSL
+
+__all__ = ['get_file_content',
+           'is_url', 'url_to_path', 'path_to_url',
+           'is_archive_file', 'unpack_vcs_link',
+           'unpack_file_url', 'is_vcs_url', 'is_file_url',
+           'unpack_http_url', 'unpack_url']
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def user_agent():
+    """
+    Return a string representing the user agent.
+    """
+    data = {
+        "installer": {"name": "pip", "version": pip.__version__},
+        "python": platform.python_version(),
+        "implementation": {
+            "name": platform.python_implementation(),
+        },
+    }
+
+    if data["implementation"]["name"] == 'CPython':
+        data["implementation"]["version"] = platform.python_version()
+    elif data["implementation"]["name"] == 'PyPy':
+        if sys.pypy_version_info.releaselevel == 'final':
+            pypy_version_info = sys.pypy_version_info[:3]
+        else:
+            pypy_version_info = sys.pypy_version_info
+        data["implementation"]["version"] = ".".join(
+            [str(x) for x in pypy_version_info]
+        )
+    elif data["implementation"]["name"] == 'Jython':
+        # Complete Guess
+        data["implementation"]["version"] = platform.python_version()
+    elif data["implementation"]["name"] == 'IronPython':
+        # Complete Guess
+        data["implementation"]["version"] = platform.python_version()
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
+        from pip._vendor import distro
+        distro_infos = dict(filter(
+            lambda x: x[1],
+            zip(["name", "version", "id"], distro.linux_distribution()),
+        ))
+        libc = dict(filter(
+            lambda x: x[1],
+            zip(["lib", "version"], libc_ver()),
+        ))
+        if libc:
+            distro_infos["libc"] = libc
+        if distro_infos:
+            data["distro"] = distro_infos
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith("darwin") and platform.mac_ver()[0]:
+        data["distro"] = {"name": "macOS", "version": platform.mac_ver()[0]}
+
+    if platform.system():
+        data.setdefault("system", {})["name"] = platform.system()
+
+    if platform.release():
+        data.setdefault("system", {})["release"] = platform.release()
+
+    if platform.machine():
+        data["cpu"] = platform.machine()
+
+    if HAS_TLS:
+        data["openssl_version"] = ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION
+
+    setuptools_version = get_installed_version("setuptools")
+    if setuptools_version is not None:
+        data["setuptools_version"] = setuptools_version
+
+    return "{data[installer][name]}/{data[installer][version]} {json}".format(
+        data=data,
+        json=json.dumps(data, separators=(",", ":"), sort_keys=True),
+    )
+
+
+class MultiDomainBasicAuth(AuthBase):
+
+    def __init__(self, prompting=True):
+        self.prompting = prompting
+        self.passwords = {}
+
+    def __call__(self, req):
+        parsed = urllib_parse.urlparse(req.url)
+
+        # Get the netloc without any embedded credentials
+        netloc = parsed.netloc.rsplit("@", 1)[-1]
+
+        # Set the url of the request to the url without any credentials
+        req.url = urllib_parse.urlunparse(parsed[:1] + (netloc,) + parsed[2:])
+
+        # Use any stored credentials that we have for this netloc
+        username, password = self.passwords.get(netloc, (None, None))
+
+        # Extract credentials embedded in the url if we have none stored
+        if username is None:
+            username, password = self.parse_credentials(parsed.netloc)
+
+        # Get creds from netrc if we still don't have them
+        if username is None and password is None:
+            netrc_auth = get_netrc_auth(req.url)
+            username, password = netrc_auth if netrc_auth else (None, None)
+
+        if username or password:
+            # Store the username and password
+            self.passwords[netloc] = (username, password)
+
+            # Send the basic auth with this request
+            req = HTTPBasicAuth(username or "", password or "")(req)
+
+        # Attach a hook to handle 401 responses
+        req.register_hook("response", self.handle_401)
+
+        return req
+
+    def handle_401(self, resp, **kwargs):
+        # We only care about 401 responses, anything else we want to just
+        #   pass through the actual response
+        if resp.status_code != 401:
+            return resp
+
+        # We are not able to prompt the user so simply return the response
+        if not self.prompting:
+            return resp
+
+        parsed = urllib_parse.urlparse(resp.url)
+
+        # Prompt the user for a new username and password
+        username = six.moves.input("User for %s: " % parsed.netloc)
+        password = getpass.getpass("Password: ")
+
+        # Store the new username and password to use for future requests
+        if username or password:
+            self.passwords[parsed.netloc] = (username, password)
+
+        # Consume content and release the original connection to allow our new
+        #   request to reuse the same one.
+        resp.content
+        resp.raw.release_conn()
+
+        # Add our new username and password to the request
+        req = HTTPBasicAuth(username or "", password or "")(resp.request)
+
+        # Send our new request
+        new_resp = resp.connection.send(req, **kwargs)
+        new_resp.history.append(resp)
+
+        return new_resp
+
+    def parse_credentials(self, netloc):
+        if "@" in netloc:
+            userinfo = netloc.rsplit("@", 1)[0]
+            if ":" in userinfo:
+                user, pwd = userinfo.split(":", 1)
+                return (urllib_unquote(user), urllib_unquote(pwd))
+            return urllib_unquote(userinfo), None
+        return None, None
+
+
+class LocalFSAdapter(BaseAdapter):
+
+    def send(self, request, stream=None, timeout=None, verify=None, cert=None,
+             proxies=None):
+        pathname = url_to_path(request.url)
+
+        resp = Response()
+        resp.status_code = 200
+        resp.url = request.url
+
+        try:
+            stats = os.stat(pathname)
+        except OSError as exc:
+            resp.status_code = 404
+            resp.raw = exc
+        else:
+            modified = email.utils.formatdate(stats.st_mtime, usegmt=True)
+            content_type = mimetypes.guess_type(pathname)[0] or "text/plain"
+            resp.headers = CaseInsensitiveDict({
+                "Content-Type": content_type,
+                "Content-Length": stats.st_size,
+                "Last-Modified": modified,
+            })
+
+            resp.raw = open(pathname, "rb")
+            resp.close = resp.raw.close
+
+        return resp
+
+    def close(self):
+        pass
+
+
+class SafeFileCache(FileCache):
+    """
+    A file based cache which is safe to use even when the target directory may
+    not be accessible or writable.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(SafeFileCache, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        # Check to ensure that the directory containing our cache directory
+        # is owned by the user current executing pip. If it does not exist
+        # we will check the parent directory until we find one that does exist.
+        # If it is not owned by the user executing pip then we will disable
+        # the cache and log a warning.
+        if not check_path_owner(self.directory):
+            logger.warning(
+                "The directory '%s' or its parent directory is not owned by "
+                "the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please "
+                "check the permissions and owner of that directory. If "
+                "executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.",
+                self.directory,
+            )
+
+            # Set our directory to None to disable the Cache
+            self.directory = None
+
+    def get(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # If we don't have a directory, then the cache should be a no-op.
+        if self.directory is None:
+            return
+
+        try:
+            return super(SafeFileCache, self).get(*args, **kwargs)
+        except (LockError, OSError, IOError):
+            # We intentionally silence this error, if we can't access the cache
+            # then we can just skip caching and process the request as if
+            # caching wasn't enabled.
+            pass
+
+    def set(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # If we don't have a directory, then the cache should be a no-op.
+        if self.directory is None:
+            return
+
+        try:
+            return super(SafeFileCache, self).set(*args, **kwargs)
+        except (LockError, OSError, IOError):
+            # We intentionally silence this error, if we can't access the cache
+            # then we can just skip caching and process the request as if
+            # caching wasn't enabled.
+            pass
+
+    def delete(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # If we don't have a directory, then the cache should be a no-op.
+        if self.directory is None:
+            return
+
+        try:
+            return super(SafeFileCache, self).delete(*args, **kwargs)
+        except (LockError, OSError, IOError):
+            # We intentionally silence this error, if we can't access the cache
+            # then we can just skip caching and process the request as if
+            # caching wasn't enabled.
+            pass
+
+
+class InsecureHTTPAdapter(HTTPAdapter):
+
+    def cert_verify(self, conn, url, verify, cert):
+        conn.cert_reqs = 'CERT_NONE'
+        conn.ca_certs = None
+
+
+class PipSession(requests.Session):
+
+    timeout = None
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        retries = kwargs.pop("retries", 0)
+        cache = kwargs.pop("cache", None)
+        insecure_hosts = kwargs.pop("insecure_hosts", [])
+
+        super(PipSession, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        # Attach our User Agent to the request
+        self.headers["User-Agent"] = user_agent()
+
+        # Attach our Authentication handler to the session
+        self.auth = MultiDomainBasicAuth()
+
+        # Create our urllib3.Retry instance which will allow us to customize
+        # how we handle retries.
+        retries = urllib3.Retry(
+            # Set the total number of retries that a particular request can
+            # have.
+            total=retries,
+
+            # A 503 error from PyPI typically means that the Fastly -> Origin
+            # connection got interrupted in some way. A 503 error in general
+            # is typically considered a transient error so we'll go ahead and
+            # retry it.
+            # A 500 may indicate transient error in Amazon S3
+            # A 520 or 527 - may indicate transient error in CloudFlare
+            status_forcelist=[500, 503, 520, 527],
+
+            # Add a small amount of back off between failed requests in
+            # order to prevent hammering the service.
+            backoff_factor=0.25,
+        )
+
+        # We want to _only_ cache responses on securely fetched origins. We do
+        # this because we can't validate the response of an insecurely fetched
+        # origin, and we don't want someone to be able to poison the cache and
+        # require manual eviction from the cache to fix it.
+        if cache:
+            secure_adapter = CacheControlAdapter(
+                cache=SafeFileCache(cache, use_dir_lock=True),
+                max_retries=retries,
+            )
+        else:
+            secure_adapter = HTTPAdapter(max_retries=retries)
+
+        # Our Insecure HTTPAdapter disables HTTPS validation. It does not
+        # support caching (see above) so we'll use it for all http:// URLs as
+        # well as any https:// host that we've marked as ignoring TLS errors
+        # for.
+        insecure_adapter = InsecureHTTPAdapter(max_retries=retries)
+
+        self.mount("https://", secure_adapter)
+        self.mount("http://", insecure_adapter)
+
+        # Enable file:// urls
+        self.mount("file://", LocalFSAdapter())
+
+        # We want to use a non-validating adapter for any requests which are
+        # deemed insecure.
+        for host in insecure_hosts:
+            self.mount("https://{}/".format(host), insecure_adapter)
+
+    def request(self, method, url, *args, **kwargs):
+        # Allow setting a default timeout on a session
+        kwargs.setdefault("timeout", self.timeout)
+
+        # Dispatch the actual request
+        return super(PipSession, self).request(method, url, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def get_file_content(url, comes_from=None, session=None):
+    """Gets the content of a file; it may be a filename, file: URL, or
+    http: URL.  Returns (location, content).  Content is unicode.
+
+    :param url:         File path or url.
+    :param comes_from:  Origin description of requirements.
+    :param session:     Instance of pip.download.PipSession.
+    """
+    if session is None:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "get_file_content() missing 1 required keyword argument: 'session'"
+        )
+
+    match = _scheme_re.search(url)
+    if match:
+        scheme = match.group(1).lower()
+        if (scheme == 'file' and comes_from and
+                comes_from.startswith('http')):
+            raise InstallationError(
+                'Requirements file %s references URL %s, which is local'
+                % (comes_from, url))
+        if scheme == 'file':
+            path = url.split(':', 1)[1]
+            path = path.replace('\\', '/')
+            match = _url_slash_drive_re.match(path)
+            if match:
+                path = match.group(1) + ':' + path.split('|', 1)[1]
+            path = urllib_parse.unquote(path)
+            if path.startswith('/'):
+                path = '/' + path.lstrip('/')
+            url = path
+        else:
+            # FIXME: catch some errors
+            resp = session.get(url)
+            resp.raise_for_status()
+            return resp.url, resp.text
+    try:
+        with open(url, 'rb') as f:
+            content = auto_decode(f.read())
+    except IOError as exc:
+        raise InstallationError(
+            'Could not open requirements file: %s' % str(exc)
+        )
+    return url, content
+
+
+_scheme_re = re.compile(r'^(http|https|file):', re.I)
+_url_slash_drive_re = re.compile(r'/*([a-z])\|', re.I)
+
+
+def is_url(name):
+    """Returns true if the name looks like a URL"""
+    if ':' not in name:
+        return False
+    scheme = name.split(':', 1)[0].lower()
+    return scheme in ['http', 'https', 'file', 'ftp'] + vcs.all_schemes
+
+
+def url_to_path(url):
+    """
+    Convert a file: URL to a path.
+    """
+    assert url.startswith('file:'), (
+        "You can only turn file: urls into filenames (not %r)" % url)
+
+    _, netloc, path, _, _ = urllib_parse.urlsplit(url)
+
+    # if we have a UNC path, prepend UNC share notation
+    if netloc:
+        netloc = '\\\\' + netloc
+
+    path = urllib_request.url2pathname(netloc + path)
+    return path
+
+
+def path_to_url(path):
+    """
+    Convert a path to a file: URL.  The path will be made absolute and have
+    quoted path parts.
+    """
+    path = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(path))
+    url = urllib_parse.urljoin('file:', urllib_request.pathname2url(path))
+    return url
+
+
+def is_archive_file(name):
+    """Return True if `name` is a considered as an archive file."""
+    ext = splitext(name)[1].lower()
+    if ext in ARCHIVE_EXTENSIONS:
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def unpack_vcs_link(link, location):
+    vcs_backend = _get_used_vcs_backend(link)
+    vcs_backend.unpack(location)
+
+
+def _get_used_vcs_backend(link):
+    for backend in vcs.backends:
+        if link.scheme in backend.schemes:
+            vcs_backend = backend(link.url)
+            return vcs_backend
+
+
+def is_vcs_url(link):
+    return bool(_get_used_vcs_backend(link))
+
+
+def is_file_url(link):
+    return link.url.lower().startswith('file:')
+
+
+def is_dir_url(link):
+    """Return whether a file:// Link points to a directory.
+
+    ``link`` must not have any other scheme but file://. Call is_file_url()
+    first.
+
+    """
+    link_path = url_to_path(link.url_without_fragment)
+    return os.path.isdir(link_path)
+
+
+def _progress_indicator(iterable, *args, **kwargs):
+    return iterable
+
+
+def _download_url(resp, link, content_file, hashes, progress_bar):
+    try:
+        total_length = int(resp.headers['content-length'])
+    except (ValueError, KeyError, TypeError):
+        total_length = 0
+
+    cached_resp = getattr(resp, "from_cache", False)
+    if logger.getEffectiveLevel() > logging.INFO:
+        show_progress = False
+    elif cached_resp:
+        show_progress = False
+    elif total_length > (40 * 1000):
+        show_progress = True
+    elif not total_length:
+        show_progress = True
+    else:
+        show_progress = False
+
+    show_url = link.show_url
+
+    def resp_read(chunk_size):
+        try:
+            # Special case for urllib3.
+            for chunk in resp.raw.stream(
+                    chunk_size,
+                    # We use decode_content=False here because we don't
+                    # want urllib3 to mess with the raw bytes we get
+                    # from the server. If we decompress inside of
+                    # urllib3 then we cannot verify the checksum
+                    # because the checksum will be of the compressed
+                    # file. This breakage will only occur if the
+                    # server adds a Content-Encoding header, which
+                    # depends on how the server was configured:
+                    # - Some servers will notice that the file isn't a
+                    #   compressible file and will leave the file alone
+                    #   and with an empty Content-Encoding
+                    # - Some servers will notice that the file is
+                    #   already compressed and will leave the file
+                    #   alone and will add a Content-Encoding: gzip
+                    #   header
+                    # - Some servers won't notice anything at all and
+                    #   will take a file that's already been compressed
+                    #   and compress it again and set the
+                    #   Content-Encoding: gzip header
+                    #
+                    # By setting this not to decode automatically we
+                    # hope to eliminate problems with the second case.
+                    decode_content=False):
+                yield chunk
+        except AttributeError:
+            # Standard file-like object.
+            while True:
+                chunk = resp.raw.read(chunk_size)
+                if not chunk:
+                    break
+                yield chunk
+
+    def written_chunks(chunks):
+        for chunk in chunks:
+            content_file.write(chunk)
+            yield chunk
+
+    progress_indicator = _progress_indicator
+
+    if link.netloc == PyPI.netloc:
+        url = show_url
+    else:
+        url = link.url_without_fragment
+
+    if show_progress:  # We don't show progress on cached responses
+        progress_indicator = DownloadProgressProvider(progress_bar,
+                                                      max=total_length)
+        if total_length:
+            logger.info("Downloading %s (%s)", url, format_size(total_length))
+        else:
+            logger.info("Downloading %s", url)
+    elif cached_resp:
+        logger.info("Using cached %s", url)
+    else:
+        logger.info("Downloading %s", url)
+
+    logger.debug('Downloading from URL %s', link)
+
+    downloaded_chunks = written_chunks(
+        progress_indicator(
+            resp_read(CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE),
+            CONTENT_CHUNK_SIZE
+        )
+    )
+    if hashes:
+        hashes.check_against_chunks(downloaded_chunks)
+    else:
+        consume(downloaded_chunks)
+
+
+def _copy_file(filename, location, link):
+    copy = True
+    download_location = os.path.join(location, link.filename)
+    if os.path.exists(download_location):
+        response = ask_path_exists(
+            'The file %s exists. (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)abort' %
+            display_path(download_location), ('i', 'w', 'b', 'a'))
+        if response == 'i':
+            copy = False
+        elif response == 'w':
+            logger.warning('Deleting %s', display_path(download_location))
+            os.remove(download_location)
+        elif response == 'b':
+            dest_file = backup_dir(download_location)
+            logger.warning(
+                'Backing up %s to %s',
+                display_path(download_location),
+                display_path(dest_file),
+            )
+            shutil.move(download_location, dest_file)
+        elif response == 'a':
+            sys.exit(-1)
+    if copy:
+        shutil.copy(filename, download_location)
+        logger.info('Saved %s', display_path(download_location))
+
+
+def unpack_http_url(link, location, download_dir=None,
+                    session=None, hashes=None, progress_bar="on"):
+    if session is None:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "unpack_http_url() missing 1 required keyword argument: 'session'"
+        )
+
+    with TempDirectory(kind="unpack") as temp_dir:
+        # If a download dir is specified, is the file already downloaded there?
+        already_downloaded_path = None
+        if download_dir:
+            already_downloaded_path = _check_download_dir(link,
+                                                          download_dir,
+                                                          hashes)
+
+        if already_downloaded_path:
+            from_path = already_downloaded_path
+            content_type = mimetypes.guess_type(from_path)[0]
+        else:
+            # let's download to a tmp dir
+            from_path, content_type = _download_http_url(link,
+                                                         session,
+                                                         temp_dir.path,
+                                                         hashes,
+                                                         progress_bar)
+
+        # unpack the archive to the build dir location. even when only
+        # downloading archives, they have to be unpacked to parse dependencies
+        unpack_file(from_path, location, content_type, link)
+
+        # a download dir is specified; let's copy the archive there
+        if download_dir and not already_downloaded_path:
+            _copy_file(from_path, download_dir, link)
+
+        if not already_downloaded_path:
+            os.unlink(from_path)
+
+
+def unpack_file_url(link, location, download_dir=None, hashes=None):
+    """Unpack link into location.
+
+    If download_dir is provided and link points to a file, make a copy
+    of the link file inside download_dir.
+    """
+    link_path = url_to_path(link.url_without_fragment)
+
+    # If it's a url to a local directory
+    if is_dir_url(link):
+        if os.path.isdir(location):
+            rmtree(location)
+        shutil.copytree(link_path, location, symlinks=True)
+        if download_dir:
+            logger.info('Link is a directory, ignoring download_dir')
+        return
+
+    # If --require-hashes is off, `hashes` is either empty, the
+    # link's embedded hash, or MissingHashes; it is required to
+    # match. If --require-hashes is on, we are satisfied by any
+    # hash in `hashes` matching: a URL-based or an option-based
+    # one; no internet-sourced hash will be in `hashes`.
+    if hashes:
+        hashes.check_against_path(link_path)
+
+    # If a download dir is specified, is the file already there and valid?
+    already_downloaded_path = None
+    if download_dir:
+        already_downloaded_path = _check_download_dir(link,
+                                                      download_dir,
+                                                      hashes)
+
+    if already_downloaded_path:
+        from_path = already_downloaded_path
+    else:
+        from_path = link_path
+
+    content_type = mimetypes.guess_type(from_path)[0]
+
+    # unpack the archive to the build dir location. even when only downloading
+    # archives, they have to be unpacked to parse dependencies
+    unpack_file(from_path, location, content_type, link)
+
+    # a download dir is specified and not already downloaded
+    if download_dir and not already_downloaded_path:
+        _copy_file(from_path, download_dir, link)
+
+
+def _copy_dist_from_dir(link_path, location):
+    """Copy distribution files in `link_path` to `location`.
+
+    Invoked when user requests to install a local directory. E.g.:
+
+        pip install .
+        pip install ~/dev/git-repos/python-prompt-toolkit
+
+    """
+
+    # Note: This is currently VERY SLOW if you have a lot of data in the
+    # directory, because it copies everything with `shutil.copytree`.
+    # What it should really do is build an sdist and install that.
+    # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/2195
+
+    if os.path.isdir(location):
+        rmtree(location)
+
+    # build an sdist
+    setup_py = 'setup.py'
+    sdist_args = [sys.executable]
+    sdist_args.append('-c')
+    sdist_args.append(SETUPTOOLS_SHIM % setup_py)
+    sdist_args.append('sdist')
+    sdist_args += ['--dist-dir', location]
+    logger.info('Running setup.py sdist for %s', link_path)
+
+    with indent_log():
+        call_subprocess(sdist_args, cwd=link_path, show_stdout=False)
+
+    # unpack sdist into `location`
+    sdist = os.path.join(location, os.listdir(location)[0])
+    logger.info('Unpacking sdist %s into %s', sdist, location)
+    unpack_file(sdist, location, content_type=None, link=None)
+
+
+class PipXmlrpcTransport(xmlrpc_client.Transport):
+    """Provide a `xmlrpclib.Transport` implementation via a `PipSession`
+    object.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, index_url, session, use_datetime=False):
+        xmlrpc_client.Transport.__init__(self, use_datetime)
+        index_parts = urllib_parse.urlparse(index_url)
+        self._scheme = index_parts.scheme
+        self._session = session
+
+    def request(self, host, handler, request_body, verbose=False):
+        parts = (self._scheme, host, handler, None, None, None)
+        url = urllib_parse.urlunparse(parts)
+        try:
+            headers = {'Content-Type': 'text/xml'}
+            response = self._session.post(url, data=request_body,
+                                          headers=headers, stream=True)
+            response.raise_for_status()
+            self.verbose = verbose
+            return self.parse_response(response.raw)
+        except requests.HTTPError as exc:
+            logger.critical(
+                "HTTP error %s while getting %s",
+                exc.response.status_code, url,
+            )
+            raise
+
+
+def unpack_url(link, location, download_dir=None,
+               only_download=False, session=None, hashes=None,
+               progress_bar="on"):
+    """Unpack link.
+       If link is a VCS link:
+         if only_download, export into download_dir and ignore location
+          else unpack into location
+       for other types of link:
+         - unpack into location
+         - if download_dir, copy the file into download_dir
+         - if only_download, mark location for deletion
+
+    :param hashes: A Hashes object, one of whose embedded hashes must match,
+        or HashMismatch will be raised. If the Hashes is empty, no matches are
+        required, and unhashable types of requirements (like VCS ones, which
+        would ordinarily raise HashUnsupported) are allowed.
+    """
+    # non-editable vcs urls
+    if is_vcs_url(link):
+        unpack_vcs_link(link, location)
+
+    # file urls
+    elif is_file_url(link):
+        unpack_file_url(link, location, download_dir, hashes=hashes)
+
+    # http urls
+    else:
+        if session is None:
+            session = PipSession()
+
+        unpack_http_url(
+            link,
+            location,
+            download_dir,
+            session,
+            hashes=hashes,
+            progress_bar=progress_bar
+        )
+    if only_download:
+        write_delete_marker_file(location)
+
+
+def _download_http_url(link, session, temp_dir, hashes, progress_bar):
+    """Download link url into temp_dir using provided session"""
+    target_url = link.url.split('#', 1)[0]
+    try:
+        resp = session.get(
+            target_url,
+            # We use Accept-Encoding: identity here because requests
+            # defaults to accepting compressed responses. This breaks in
+            # a variety of ways depending on how the server is configured.
+            # - Some servers will notice that the file isn't a compressible
+            #   file and will leave the file alone and with an empty
+            #   Content-Encoding
+            # - Some servers will notice that the file is already
+            #   compressed and will leave the file alone and will add a
+            #   Content-Encoding: gzip header
+            # - Some servers won't notice anything at all and will take
+            #   a file that's already been compressed and compress it again
+            #   and set the Content-Encoding: gzip header
+            # By setting this to request only the identity encoding We're
+            # hoping to eliminate the third case. Hopefully there does not
+            # exist a server which when given a file will notice it is
+            # already compressed and that you're not asking for a
+            # compressed file and will then decompress it before sending
+            # because if that's the case I don't think it'll ever be
+            # possible to make this work.
+            headers={"Accept-Encoding": "identity"},
+            stream=True,
+        )
+        resp.raise_for_status()
+    except requests.HTTPError as exc:
+        logger.critical(
+            "HTTP error %s while getting %s", exc.response.status_code, link,
+        )
+        raise
+
+    content_type = resp.headers.get('content-type', '')
+    filename = link.filename  # fallback
+    # Have a look at the Content-Disposition header for a better guess
+    content_disposition = resp.headers.get('content-disposition')
+    if content_disposition:
+        type, params = cgi.parse_header(content_disposition)
+        # We use ``or`` here because we don't want to use an "empty" value
+        # from the filename param.
+        filename = params.get('filename') or filename
+    ext = splitext(filename)[1]
+    if not ext:
+        ext = mimetypes.guess_extension(content_type)
+        if ext:
+            filename += ext
+    if not ext and link.url != resp.url:
+        ext = os.path.splitext(resp.url)[1]
+        if ext:
+            filename += ext
+    file_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, filename)
+    with open(file_path, 'wb') as content_file:
+        _download_url(resp, link, content_file, hashes, progress_bar)
+    return file_path, content_type
+
+
+def _check_download_dir(link, download_dir, hashes):
+    """ Check download_dir for previously downloaded file with correct hash
+        If a correct file is found return its path else None
+    """
+    download_path = os.path.join(download_dir, link.filename)
+    if os.path.exists(download_path):
+        # If already downloaded, does its hash match?
+        logger.info('File was already downloaded %s', download_path)
+        if hashes:
+            try:
+                hashes.check_against_path(download_path)
+            except HashMismatch:
+                logger.warning(
+                    'Previously-downloaded file %s has bad hash. '
+                    'Re-downloading.',
+                    download_path
+                )
+                os.unlink(download_path)
+                return None
+        return download_path
+    return None
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/exceptions.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1ca6f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+"""Exceptions used throughout package"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from itertools import chain, groupby, repeat
+
+from pip._vendor.six import iteritems
+
+
+class PipError(Exception):
+    """Base pip exception"""
+
+
+class ConfigurationError(PipError):
+    """General exception in configuration"""
+
+
+class InstallationError(PipError):
+    """General exception during installation"""
+
+
+class UninstallationError(PipError):
+    """General exception during uninstallation"""
+
+
+class DistributionNotFound(InstallationError):
+    """Raised when a distribution cannot be found to satisfy a requirement"""
+
+
+class RequirementsFileParseError(InstallationError):
+    """Raised when a general error occurs parsing a requirements file line."""
+
+
+class BestVersionAlreadyInstalled(PipError):
+    """Raised when the most up-to-date version of a package is already
+    installed."""
+
+
+class BadCommand(PipError):
+    """Raised when virtualenv or a command is not found"""
+
+
+class CommandError(PipError):
+    """Raised when there is an error in command-line arguments"""
+
+
+class PreviousBuildDirError(PipError):
+    """Raised when there's a previous conflicting build directory"""
+
+
+class InvalidWheelFilename(InstallationError):
+    """Invalid wheel filename."""
+
+
+class UnsupportedWheel(InstallationError):
+    """Unsupported wheel."""
+
+
+class HashErrors(InstallationError):
+    """Multiple HashError instances rolled into one for reporting"""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.errors = []
+
+    def append(self, error):
+        self.errors.append(error)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        lines = []
+        self.errors.sort(key=lambda e: e.order)
+        for cls, errors_of_cls in groupby(self.errors, lambda e: e.__class__):
+            lines.append(cls.head)
+            lines.extend(e.body() for e in errors_of_cls)
+        if lines:
+            return '\n'.join(lines)
+
+    def __nonzero__(self):
+        return bool(self.errors)
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return self.__nonzero__()
+
+
+class HashError(InstallationError):
+    """
+    A failure to verify a package against known-good hashes
+
+    :cvar order: An int sorting hash exception classes by difficulty of
+        recovery (lower being harder), so the user doesn't bother fretting
+        about unpinned packages when he has deeper issues, like VCS
+        dependencies, to deal with. Also keeps error reports in a
+        deterministic order.
+    :cvar head: A section heading for display above potentially many
+        exceptions of this kind
+    :ivar req: The InstallRequirement that triggered this error. This is
+        pasted on after the exception is instantiated, because it's not
+        typically available earlier.
+
+    """
+    req = None
+    head = ''
+
+    def body(self):
+        """Return a summary of me for display under the heading.
+
+        This default implementation simply prints a description of the
+        triggering requirement.
+
+        :param req: The InstallRequirement that provoked this error, with
+            populate_link() having already been called
+
+        """
+        return '    %s' % self._requirement_name()
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '%s\n%s' % (self.head, self.body())
+
+    def _requirement_name(self):
+        """Return a description of the requirement that triggered me.
+
+        This default implementation returns long description of the req, with
+        line numbers
+
+        """
+        return str(self.req) if self.req else 'unknown package'
+
+
+class VcsHashUnsupported(HashError):
+    """A hash was provided for a version-control-system-based requirement, but
+    we don't have a method for hashing those."""
+
+    order = 0
+    head = ("Can't verify hashes for these requirements because we don't "
+            "have a way to hash version control repositories:")
+
+
+class DirectoryUrlHashUnsupported(HashError):
+    """A hash was provided for a version-control-system-based requirement, but
+    we don't have a method for hashing those."""
+
+    order = 1
+    head = ("Can't verify hashes for these file:// requirements because they "
+            "point to directories:")
+
+
+class HashMissing(HashError):
+    """A hash was needed for a requirement but is absent."""
+
+    order = 2
+    head = ('Hashes are required in --require-hashes mode, but they are '
+            'missing from some requirements. Here is a list of those '
+            'requirements along with the hashes their downloaded archives '
+            'actually had. Add lines like these to your requirements files to '
+            'prevent tampering. (If you did not enable --require-hashes '
+            'manually, note that it turns on automatically when any package '
+            'has a hash.)')
+
+    def __init__(self, gotten_hash):
+        """
+        :param gotten_hash: The hash of the (possibly malicious) archive we
+            just downloaded
+        """
+        self.gotten_hash = gotten_hash
+
+    def body(self):
+        # Dodge circular import.
+        from pip._internal.utils.hashes import FAVORITE_HASH
+
+        package = None
+        if self.req:
+            # In the case of URL-based requirements, display the original URL
+            # seen in the requirements file rather than the package name,
+            # so the output can be directly copied into the requirements file.
+            package = (self.req.original_link if self.req.original_link
+                       # In case someone feeds something downright stupid
+                       # to InstallRequirement's constructor.
+                       else getattr(self.req, 'req', None))
+        return '    %s --hash=%s:%s' % (package or 'unknown package',
+                                        FAVORITE_HASH,
+                                        self.gotten_hash)
+
+
+class HashUnpinned(HashError):
+    """A requirement had a hash specified but was not pinned to a specific
+    version."""
+
+    order = 3
+    head = ('In --require-hashes mode, all requirements must have their '
+            'versions pinned with ==. These do not:')
+
+
+class HashMismatch(HashError):
+    """
+    Distribution file hash values don't match.
+
+    :ivar package_name: The name of the package that triggered the hash
+        mismatch. Feel free to write to this after the exception is raise to
+        improve its error message.
+
+    """
+    order = 4
+    head = ('THESE PACKAGES DO NOT MATCH THE HASHES FROM THE REQUIREMENTS '
+            'FILE. If you have updated the package versions, please update '
+            'the hashes. Otherwise, examine the package contents carefully; '
+            'someone may have tampered with them.')
+
+    def __init__(self, allowed, gots):
+        """
+        :param allowed: A dict of algorithm names pointing to lists of allowed
+            hex digests
+        :param gots: A dict of algorithm names pointing to hashes we
+            actually got from the files under suspicion
+        """
+        self.allowed = allowed
+        self.gots = gots
+
+    def body(self):
+        return '    %s:\n%s' % (self._requirement_name(),
+                                self._hash_comparison())
+
+    def _hash_comparison(self):
+        """
+        Return a comparison of actual and expected hash values.
+
+        Example::
+
+               Expected sha256 abcdeabcdeabcdeabcdeabcdeabcdeabcdeabcdeabcde
+                            or 123451234512345123451234512345123451234512345
+                    Got        bcdefbcdefbcdefbcdefbcdefbcdefbcdefbcdefbcdef
+
+        """
+        def hash_then_or(hash_name):
+            # For now, all the decent hashes have 6-char names, so we can get
+            # away with hard-coding space literals.
+            return chain([hash_name], repeat('    or'))
+
+        lines = []
+        for hash_name, expecteds in iteritems(self.allowed):
+            prefix = hash_then_or(hash_name)
+            lines.extend(('        Expected %s %s' % (next(prefix), e))
+                         for e in expecteds)
+            lines.append('             Got        %s\n' %
+                         self.gots[hash_name].hexdigest())
+            prefix = '    or'
+        return '\n'.join(lines)
+
+
+class UnsupportedPythonVersion(InstallationError):
+    """Unsupported python version according to Requires-Python package
+    metadata."""
+
+
+class ConfigurationFileCouldNotBeLoaded(ConfigurationError):
+    """When there are errors while loading a configuration file
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, reason="could not be loaded", fname=None, error=None):
+        super(ConfigurationFileCouldNotBeLoaded, self).__init__(error)
+        self.reason = reason
+        self.fname = fname
+        self.error = error
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.fname is not None:
+            message_part = " in {}.".format(self.fname)
+        else:
+            assert self.error is not None
+            message_part = ".\n{}\n".format(self.error.message)
+        return "Configuration file {}{}".format(self.reason, message_part)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/index.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/index.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3861c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,899 @@
+"""Routines related to PyPI, indexes"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import cgi
+import itertools
+import logging
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import posixpath
+import re
+import sys
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from pip._vendor import html5lib, requests, six
+from pip._vendor.distlib.compat import unescape
+from pip._vendor.packaging import specifiers
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+from pip._vendor.requests.exceptions import HTTPError, SSLError
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import parse as urllib_parse
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import request as urllib_request
+
+from pip._internal.download import HAS_TLS, is_url, path_to_url, url_to_path
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    BestVersionAlreadyInstalled, DistributionNotFound, InvalidWheelFilename,
+    UnsupportedWheel,
+)
+from pip._internal.models.candidate import InstallationCandidate
+from pip._internal.models.format_control import FormatControl
+from pip._internal.models.index import PyPI
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.pep425tags import get_supported
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import ipaddress
+from pip._internal.utils.deprecation import deprecated
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    ARCHIVE_EXTENSIONS, SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS, normalize_path,
+    remove_auth_from_url,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.packaging import check_requires_python
+from pip._internal.wheel import Wheel, wheel_ext
+
+__all__ = ['FormatControl', 'PackageFinder']
+
+
+SECURE_ORIGINS = [
+    # protocol, hostname, port
+    # Taken from Chrome's list of secure origins (See: http://bit.ly/1qrySKC)
+    ("https", "*", "*"),
+    ("*", "localhost", "*"),
+    ("*", "127.0.0.0/8", "*"),
+    ("*", "::1/128", "*"),
+    ("file", "*", None),
+    # ssh is always secure.
+    ("ssh", "*", "*"),
+]
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _get_content_type(url, session):
+    """Get the Content-Type of the given url, using a HEAD request"""
+    scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urllib_parse.urlsplit(url)
+    if scheme not in {'http', 'https'}:
+        # FIXME: some warning or something?
+        # assertion error?
+        return ''
+
+    resp = session.head(url, allow_redirects=True)
+    resp.raise_for_status()
+
+    return resp.headers.get("Content-Type", "")
+
+
+def _handle_get_page_fail(link, reason, url, meth=None):
+    if meth is None:
+        meth = logger.debug
+    meth("Could not fetch URL %s: %s - skipping", link, reason)
+
+
+def _get_html_page(link, session=None):
+    if session is None:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "_get_html_page() missing 1 required keyword argument: 'session'"
+        )
+
+    url = link.url
+    url = url.split('#', 1)[0]
+
+    # Check for VCS schemes that do not support lookup as web pages.
+    from pip._internal.vcs import VcsSupport
+    for scheme in VcsSupport.schemes:
+        if url.lower().startswith(scheme) and url[len(scheme)] in '+:':
+            logger.debug('Cannot look at %s URL %s', scheme, link)
+            return None
+
+    try:
+        filename = link.filename
+        for bad_ext in ARCHIVE_EXTENSIONS:
+            if filename.endswith(bad_ext):
+                content_type = _get_content_type(url, session=session)
+                if content_type.lower().startswith('text/html'):
+                    break
+                else:
+                    logger.debug(
+                        'Skipping page %s because of Content-Type: %s',
+                        link,
+                        content_type,
+                    )
+                    return
+
+        logger.debug('Getting page %s', url)
+
+        # Tack index.html onto file:// URLs that point to directories
+        (scheme, netloc, path, params, query, fragment) = \
+            urllib_parse.urlparse(url)
+        if (scheme == 'file' and
+                os.path.isdir(urllib_request.url2pathname(path))):
+            # add trailing slash if not present so urljoin doesn't trim
+            # final segment
+            if not url.endswith('/'):
+                url += '/'
+            url = urllib_parse.urljoin(url, 'index.html')
+            logger.debug(' file: URL is directory, getting %s', url)
+
+        resp = session.get(
+            url,
+            headers={
+                "Accept": "text/html",
+                # We don't want to blindly returned cached data for
+                # /simple/, because authors generally expecting that
+                # twine upload && pip install will function, but if
+                # they've done a pip install in the last ~10 minutes
+                # it won't. Thus by setting this to zero we will not
+                # blindly use any cached data, however the benefit of
+                # using max-age=0 instead of no-cache, is that we will
+                # still support conditional requests, so we will still
+                # minimize traffic sent in cases where the page hasn't
+                # changed at all, we will just always incur the round
+                # trip for the conditional GET now instead of only
+                # once per 10 minutes.
+                # For more information, please see pypa/pip#5670.
+                "Cache-Control": "max-age=0",
+            },
+        )
+        resp.raise_for_status()
+
+        # The check for archives above only works if the url ends with
+        # something that looks like an archive. However that is not a
+        # requirement of an url. Unless we issue a HEAD request on every
+        # url we cannot know ahead of time for sure if something is HTML
+        # or not. However we can check after we've downloaded it.
+        content_type = resp.headers.get('Content-Type', 'unknown')
+        if not content_type.lower().startswith("text/html"):
+            logger.debug(
+                'Skipping page %s because of Content-Type: %s',
+                link,
+                content_type,
+            )
+            return
+
+        inst = HTMLPage(resp.content, resp.url, resp.headers)
+    except HTTPError as exc:
+        _handle_get_page_fail(link, exc, url)
+    except SSLError as exc:
+        reason = "There was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: "
+        reason += str(exc)
+        _handle_get_page_fail(link, reason, url, meth=logger.info)
+    except requests.ConnectionError as exc:
+        _handle_get_page_fail(link, "connection error: %s" % exc, url)
+    except requests.Timeout:
+        _handle_get_page_fail(link, "timed out", url)
+    else:
+        return inst
+
+
+class PackageFinder(object):
+    """This finds packages.
+
+    This is meant to match easy_install's technique for looking for
+    packages, by reading pages and looking for appropriate links.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, find_links, index_urls, allow_all_prereleases=False,
+                 trusted_hosts=None, process_dependency_links=False,
+                 session=None, format_control=None, platform=None,
+                 versions=None, abi=None, implementation=None,
+                 prefer_binary=False):
+        """Create a PackageFinder.
+
+        :param format_control: A FormatControl object or None. Used to control
+            the selection of source packages / binary packages when consulting
+            the index and links.
+        :param platform: A string or None. If None, searches for packages
+            that are supported by the current system. Otherwise, will find
+            packages that can be built on the platform passed in. These
+            packages will only be downloaded for distribution: they will
+            not be built locally.
+        :param versions: A list of strings or None. This is passed directly
+            to pep425tags.py in the get_supported() method.
+        :param abi: A string or None. This is passed directly
+            to pep425tags.py in the get_supported() method.
+        :param implementation: A string or None. This is passed directly
+            to pep425tags.py in the get_supported() method.
+        """
+        if session is None:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "PackageFinder() missing 1 required keyword argument: "
+                "'session'"
+            )
+
+        # Build find_links. If an argument starts with ~, it may be
+        # a local file relative to a home directory. So try normalizing
+        # it and if it exists, use the normalized version.
+        # This is deliberately conservative - it might be fine just to
+        # blindly normalize anything starting with a ~...
+        self.find_links = []
+        for link in find_links:
+            if link.startswith('~'):
+                new_link = normalize_path(link)
+                if os.path.exists(new_link):
+                    link = new_link
+            self.find_links.append(link)
+
+        self.index_urls = index_urls
+        self.dependency_links = []
+
+        # These are boring links that have already been logged somehow:
+        self.logged_links = set()
+
+        self.format_control = format_control or FormatControl(set(), set())
+
+        # Domains that we won't emit warnings for when not using HTTPS
+        self.secure_origins = [
+            ("*", host, "*")
+            for host in (trusted_hosts if trusted_hosts else [])
+        ]
+
+        # Do we want to allow _all_ pre-releases?
+        self.allow_all_prereleases = allow_all_prereleases
+
+        # Do we process dependency links?
+        self.process_dependency_links = process_dependency_links
+
+        # The Session we'll use to make requests
+        self.session = session
+
+        # The valid tags to check potential found wheel candidates against
+        self.valid_tags = get_supported(
+            versions=versions,
+            platform=platform,
+            abi=abi,
+            impl=implementation,
+        )
+
+        # Do we prefer old, but valid, binary dist over new source dist
+        self.prefer_binary = prefer_binary
+
+        # If we don't have TLS enabled, then WARN if anyplace we're looking
+        # relies on TLS.
+        if not HAS_TLS:
+            for link in itertools.chain(self.index_urls, self.find_links):
+                parsed = urllib_parse.urlparse(link)
+                if parsed.scheme == "https":
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "pip is configured with locations that require "
+                        "TLS/SSL, however the ssl module in Python is not "
+                        "available."
+                    )
+                    break
+
+    def get_formatted_locations(self):
+        lines = []
+        if self.index_urls and self.index_urls != [PyPI.simple_url]:
+            lines.append(
+                "Looking in indexes: {}".format(", ".join(
+                    remove_auth_from_url(url) for url in self.index_urls))
+            )
+        if self.find_links:
+            lines.append(
+                "Looking in links: {}".format(", ".join(self.find_links))
+            )
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+    def add_dependency_links(self, links):
+        # FIXME: this shouldn't be global list this, it should only
+        # apply to requirements of the package that specifies the
+        # dependency_links value
+        # FIXME: also, we should track comes_from (i.e., use Link)
+        if self.process_dependency_links:
+            deprecated(
+                "Dependency Links processing has been deprecated and will be "
+                "removed in a future release.",
+                replacement="PEP 508 URL dependencies",
+                gone_in="18.2",
+                issue=4187,
+            )
+            self.dependency_links.extend(links)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _sort_locations(locations, expand_dir=False):
+        """
+        Sort locations into "files" (archives) and "urls", and return
+        a pair of lists (files,urls)
+        """
+        files = []
+        urls = []
+
+        # puts the url for the given file path into the appropriate list
+        def sort_path(path):
+            url = path_to_url(path)
+            if mimetypes.guess_type(url, strict=False)[0] == 'text/html':
+                urls.append(url)
+            else:
+                files.append(url)
+
+        for url in locations:
+
+            is_local_path = os.path.exists(url)
+            is_file_url = url.startswith('file:')
+
+            if is_local_path or is_file_url:
+                if is_local_path:
+                    path = url
+                else:
+                    path = url_to_path(url)
+                if os.path.isdir(path):
+                    if expand_dir:
+                        path = os.path.realpath(path)
+                        for item in os.listdir(path):
+                            sort_path(os.path.join(path, item))
+                    elif is_file_url:
+                        urls.append(url)
+                elif os.path.isfile(path):
+                    sort_path(path)
+                else:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        "Url '%s' is ignored: it is neither a file "
+                        "nor a directory.", url,
+                    )
+            elif is_url(url):
+                # Only add url with clear scheme
+                urls.append(url)
+            else:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Url '%s' is ignored. It is either a non-existing "
+                    "path or lacks a specific scheme.", url,
+                )
+
+        return files, urls
+
+    def _candidate_sort_key(self, candidate):
+        """
+        Function used to generate link sort key for link tuples.
+        The greater the return value, the more preferred it is.
+        If not finding wheels, then sorted by version only.
+        If finding wheels, then the sort order is by version, then:
+          1. existing installs
+          2. wheels ordered via Wheel.support_index_min(self.valid_tags)
+          3. source archives
+        If prefer_binary was set, then all wheels are sorted above sources.
+        Note: it was considered to embed this logic into the Link
+              comparison operators, but then different sdist links
+              with the same version, would have to be considered equal
+        """
+        support_num = len(self.valid_tags)
+        build_tag = tuple()
+        binary_preference = 0
+        if candidate.location.is_wheel:
+            # can raise InvalidWheelFilename
+            wheel = Wheel(candidate.location.filename)
+            if not wheel.supported(self.valid_tags):
+                raise UnsupportedWheel(
+                    "%s is not a supported wheel for this platform. It "
+                    "can't be sorted." % wheel.filename
+                )
+            if self.prefer_binary:
+                binary_preference = 1
+            pri = -(wheel.support_index_min(self.valid_tags))
+            if wheel.build_tag is not None:
+                match = re.match(r'^(\d+)(.*)$', wheel.build_tag)
+                build_tag_groups = match.groups()
+                build_tag = (int(build_tag_groups[0]), build_tag_groups[1])
+        else:  # sdist
+            pri = -(support_num)
+        return (binary_preference, candidate.version, build_tag, pri)
+
+    def _validate_secure_origin(self, logger, location):
+        # Determine if this url used a secure transport mechanism
+        parsed = urllib_parse.urlparse(str(location))
+        origin = (parsed.scheme, parsed.hostname, parsed.port)
+
+        # The protocol to use to see if the protocol matches.
+        # Don't count the repository type as part of the protocol: in
+        # cases such as "git+ssh", only use "ssh". (I.e., Only verify against
+        # the last scheme.)
+        protocol = origin[0].rsplit('+', 1)[-1]
+
+        # Determine if our origin is a secure origin by looking through our
+        # hardcoded list of secure origins, as well as any additional ones
+        # configured on this PackageFinder instance.
+        for secure_origin in (SECURE_ORIGINS + self.secure_origins):
+            if protocol != secure_origin[0] and secure_origin[0] != "*":
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                # We need to do this decode dance to ensure that we have a
+                # unicode object, even on Python 2.x.
+                addr = ipaddress.ip_address(
+                    origin[1]
+                    if (
+                        isinstance(origin[1], six.text_type) or
+                        origin[1] is None
+                    )
+                    else origin[1].decode("utf8")
+                )
+                network = ipaddress.ip_network(
+                    secure_origin[1]
+                    if isinstance(secure_origin[1], six.text_type)
+                    else secure_origin[1].decode("utf8")
+                )
+            except ValueError:
+                # We don't have both a valid address or a valid network, so
+                # we'll check this origin against hostnames.
+                if (origin[1] and
+                        origin[1].lower() != secure_origin[1].lower() and
+                        secure_origin[1] != "*"):
+                    continue
+            else:
+                # We have a valid address and network, so see if the address
+                # is contained within the network.
+                if addr not in network:
+                    continue
+
+            # Check to see if the port patches
+            if (origin[2] != secure_origin[2] and
+                    secure_origin[2] != "*" and
+                    secure_origin[2] is not None):
+                continue
+
+            # If we've gotten here, then this origin matches the current
+            # secure origin and we should return True
+            return True
+
+        # If we've gotten to this point, then the origin isn't secure and we
+        # will not accept it as a valid location to search. We will however
+        # log a warning that we are ignoring it.
+        logger.warning(
+            "The repository located at %s is not a trusted or secure host and "
+            "is being ignored. If this repository is available via HTTPS we "
+            "recommend you use HTTPS instead, otherwise you may silence "
+            "this warning and allow it anyway with '--trusted-host %s'.",
+            parsed.hostname,
+            parsed.hostname,
+        )
+
+        return False
+
+    def _get_index_urls_locations(self, project_name):
+        """Returns the locations found via self.index_urls
+
+        Checks the url_name on the main (first in the list) index and
+        use this url_name to produce all locations
+        """
+
+        def mkurl_pypi_url(url):
+            loc = posixpath.join(
+                url,
+                urllib_parse.quote(canonicalize_name(project_name)))
+            # For maximum compatibility with easy_install, ensure the path
+            # ends in a trailing slash.  Although this isn't in the spec
+            # (and PyPI can handle it without the slash) some other index
+            # implementations might break if they relied on easy_install's
+            # behavior.
+            if not loc.endswith('/'):
+                loc = loc + '/'
+            return loc
+
+        return [mkurl_pypi_url(url) for url in self.index_urls]
+
+    def find_all_candidates(self, project_name):
+        """Find all available InstallationCandidate for project_name
+
+        This checks index_urls, find_links and dependency_links.
+        All versions found are returned as an InstallationCandidate list.
+
+        See _link_package_versions for details on which files are accepted
+        """
+        index_locations = self._get_index_urls_locations(project_name)
+        index_file_loc, index_url_loc = self._sort_locations(index_locations)
+        fl_file_loc, fl_url_loc = self._sort_locations(
+            self.find_links, expand_dir=True,
+        )
+        dep_file_loc, dep_url_loc = self._sort_locations(self.dependency_links)
+
+        file_locations = (Link(url) for url in itertools.chain(
+            index_file_loc, fl_file_loc, dep_file_loc,
+        ))
+
+        # We trust every url that the user has given us whether it was given
+        #   via --index-url or --find-links
+        # We explicitly do not trust links that came from dependency_links
+        # We want to filter out any thing which does not have a secure origin.
+        url_locations = [
+            link for link in itertools.chain(
+                (Link(url) for url in index_url_loc),
+                (Link(url) for url in fl_url_loc),
+                (Link(url) for url in dep_url_loc),
+            )
+            if self._validate_secure_origin(logger, link)
+        ]
+
+        logger.debug('%d location(s) to search for versions of %s:',
+                     len(url_locations), project_name)
+
+        for location in url_locations:
+            logger.debug('* %s', location)
+
+        canonical_name = canonicalize_name(project_name)
+        formats = self.format_control.get_allowed_formats(canonical_name)
+        search = Search(project_name, canonical_name, formats)
+        find_links_versions = self._package_versions(
+            # We trust every directly linked archive in find_links
+            (Link(url, '-f') for url in self.find_links),
+            search
+        )
+
+        page_versions = []
+        for page in self._get_pages(url_locations, project_name):
+            logger.debug('Analyzing links from page %s', page.url)
+            with indent_log():
+                page_versions.extend(
+                    self._package_versions(page.iter_links(), search)
+                )
+
+        dependency_versions = self._package_versions(
+            (Link(url) for url in self.dependency_links), search
+        )
+        if dependency_versions:
+            logger.debug(
+                'dependency_links found: %s',
+                ', '.join([
+                    version.location.url for version in dependency_versions
+                ])
+            )
+
+        file_versions = self._package_versions(file_locations, search)
+        if file_versions:
+            file_versions.sort(reverse=True)
+            logger.debug(
+                'Local files found: %s',
+                ', '.join([
+                    url_to_path(candidate.location.url)
+                    for candidate in file_versions
+                ])
+            )
+
+        # This is an intentional priority ordering
+        return (
+            file_versions + find_links_versions + page_versions +
+            dependency_versions
+        )
+
+    def find_requirement(self, req, upgrade):
+        """Try to find a Link matching req
+
+        Expects req, an InstallRequirement and upgrade, a boolean
+        Returns a Link if found,
+        Raises DistributionNotFound or BestVersionAlreadyInstalled otherwise
+        """
+        all_candidates = self.find_all_candidates(req.name)
+
+        # Filter out anything which doesn't match our specifier
+        compatible_versions = set(
+            req.specifier.filter(
+                # We turn the version object into a str here because otherwise
+                # when we're debundled but setuptools isn't, Python will see
+                # packaging.version.Version and
+                # pkg_resources._vendor.packaging.version.Version as different
+                # types. This way we'll use a str as a common data interchange
+                # format. If we stop using the pkg_resources provided specifier
+                # and start using our own, we can drop the cast to str().
+                [str(c.version) for c in all_candidates],
+                prereleases=(
+                    self.allow_all_prereleases
+                    if self.allow_all_prereleases else None
+                ),
+            )
+        )
+        applicable_candidates = [
+            # Again, converting to str to deal with debundling.
+            c for c in all_candidates if str(c.version) in compatible_versions
+        ]
+
+        if applicable_candidates:
+            best_candidate = max(applicable_candidates,
+                                 key=self._candidate_sort_key)
+        else:
+            best_candidate = None
+
+        if req.satisfied_by is not None:
+            installed_version = parse_version(req.satisfied_by.version)
+        else:
+            installed_version = None
+
+        if installed_version is None and best_candidate is None:
+            logger.critical(
+                'Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement %s '
+                '(from versions: %s)',
+                req,
+                ', '.join(
+                    sorted(
+                        {str(c.version) for c in all_candidates},
+                        key=parse_version,
+                    )
+                )
+            )
+
+            raise DistributionNotFound(
+                'No matching distribution found for %s' % req
+            )
+
+        best_installed = False
+        if installed_version and (
+                best_candidate is None or
+                best_candidate.version <= installed_version):
+            best_installed = True
+
+        if not upgrade and installed_version is not None:
+            if best_installed:
+                logger.debug(
+                    'Existing installed version (%s) is most up-to-date and '
+                    'satisfies requirement',
+                    installed_version,
+                )
+            else:
+                logger.debug(
+                    'Existing installed version (%s) satisfies requirement '
+                    '(most up-to-date version is %s)',
+                    installed_version,
+                    best_candidate.version,
+                )
+            return None
+
+        if best_installed:
+            # We have an existing version, and its the best version
+            logger.debug(
+                'Installed version (%s) is most up-to-date (past versions: '
+                '%s)',
+                installed_version,
+                ', '.join(sorted(compatible_versions, key=parse_version)) or
+                "none",
+            )
+            raise BestVersionAlreadyInstalled
+
+        logger.debug(
+            'Using version %s (newest of versions: %s)',
+            best_candidate.version,
+            ', '.join(sorted(compatible_versions, key=parse_version))
+        )
+        return best_candidate.location
+
+    def _get_pages(self, locations, project_name):
+        """
+        Yields (page, page_url) from the given locations, skipping
+        locations that have errors.
+        """
+        seen = set()
+        for location in locations:
+            if location in seen:
+                continue
+            seen.add(location)
+
+            page = self._get_page(location)
+            if page is None:
+                continue
+
+            yield page
+
+    _py_version_re = re.compile(r'-py([123]\.?[0-9]?)$')
+
+    def _sort_links(self, links):
+        """
+        Returns elements of links in order, non-egg links first, egg links
+        second, while eliminating duplicates
+        """
+        eggs, no_eggs = [], []
+        seen = set()
+        for link in links:
+            if link not in seen:
+                seen.add(link)
+                if link.egg_fragment:
+                    eggs.append(link)
+                else:
+                    no_eggs.append(link)
+        return no_eggs + eggs
+
+    def _package_versions(self, links, search):
+        result = []
+        for link in self._sort_links(links):
+            v = self._link_package_versions(link, search)
+            if v is not None:
+                result.append(v)
+        return result
+
+    def _log_skipped_link(self, link, reason):
+        if link not in self.logged_links:
+            logger.debug('Skipping link %s; %s', link, reason)
+            self.logged_links.add(link)
+
+    def _link_package_versions(self, link, search):
+        """Return an InstallationCandidate or None"""
+        version = None
+        if link.egg_fragment:
+            egg_info = link.egg_fragment
+            ext = link.ext
+        else:
+            egg_info, ext = link.splitext()
+            if not ext:
+                self._log_skipped_link(link, 'not a file')
+                return
+            if ext not in SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS:
+                self._log_skipped_link(
+                    link, 'unsupported archive format: %s' % ext,
+                )
+                return
+            if "binary" not in search.formats and ext == wheel_ext:
+                self._log_skipped_link(
+                    link, 'No binaries permitted for %s' % search.supplied,
+                )
+                return
+            if "macosx10" in link.path and ext == '.zip':
+                self._log_skipped_link(link, 'macosx10 one')
+                return
+            if ext == wheel_ext:
+                try:
+                    wheel = Wheel(link.filename)
+                except InvalidWheelFilename:
+                    self._log_skipped_link(link, 'invalid wheel filename')
+                    return
+                if canonicalize_name(wheel.name) != search.canonical:
+                    self._log_skipped_link(
+                        link, 'wrong project name (not %s)' % search.supplied)
+                    return
+
+                if not wheel.supported(self.valid_tags):
+                    self._log_skipped_link(
+                        link, 'it is not compatible with this Python')
+                    return
+
+                version = wheel.version
+
+        # This should be up by the search.ok_binary check, but see issue 2700.
+        if "source" not in search.formats and ext != wheel_ext:
+            self._log_skipped_link(
+                link, 'No sources permitted for %s' % search.supplied,
+            )
+            return
+
+        if not version:
+            version = egg_info_matches(egg_info, search.supplied, link)
+        if version is None:
+            self._log_skipped_link(
+                link, 'Missing project version for %s' % search.supplied)
+            return
+
+        match = self._py_version_re.search(version)
+        if match:
+            version = version[:match.start()]
+            py_version = match.group(1)
+            if py_version != sys.version[:3]:
+                self._log_skipped_link(
+                    link, 'Python version is incorrect')
+                return
+        try:
+            support_this_python = check_requires_python(link.requires_python)
+        except specifiers.InvalidSpecifier:
+            logger.debug("Package %s has an invalid Requires-Python entry: %s",
+                         link.filename, link.requires_python)
+            support_this_python = True
+
+        if not support_this_python:
+            logger.debug("The package %s is incompatible with the python"
+                         "version in use. Acceptable python versions are:%s",
+                         link, link.requires_python)
+            return
+        logger.debug('Found link %s, version: %s', link, version)
+
+        return InstallationCandidate(search.supplied, version, link)
+
+    def _get_page(self, link):
+        return _get_html_page(link, session=self.session)
+
+
+def egg_info_matches(
+        egg_info, search_name, link,
+        _egg_info_re=re.compile(r'([a-z0-9_.]+)-([a-z0-9_.!+-]+)', re.I)):
+    """Pull the version part out of a string.
+
+    :param egg_info: The string to parse. E.g. foo-2.1
+    :param search_name: The name of the package this belongs to. None to
+        infer the name. Note that this cannot unambiguously parse strings
+        like foo-2-2 which might be foo, 2-2 or foo-2, 2.
+    :param link: The link the string came from, for logging on failure.
+    """
+    match = _egg_info_re.search(egg_info)
+    if not match:
+        logger.debug('Could not parse version from link: %s', link)
+        return None
+    if search_name is None:
+        full_match = match.group(0)
+        return full_match.split('-', 1)[-1]
+    name = match.group(0).lower()
+    # To match the "safe" name that pkg_resources creates:
+    name = name.replace('_', '-')
+    # project name and version must be separated by a dash
+    look_for = search_name.lower() + "-"
+    if name.startswith(look_for):
+        return match.group(0)[len(look_for):]
+    else:
+        return None
+
+
+def _determine_base_url(document, page_url):
+    """Determine the HTML document's base URL.
+
+    This looks for a ``<base>`` tag in the HTML document. If present, its href
+    attribute denotes the base URL of anchor tags in the document. If there is
+    no such tag (or if it does not have a valid href attribute), the HTML
+    file's URL is used as the base URL.
+
+    :param document: An HTML document representation. The current
+        implementation expects the result of ``html5lib.parse()``.
+    :param page_url: The URL of the HTML document.
+    """
+    for base in document.findall(".//base"):
+        href = base.get("href")
+        if href is not None:
+            return href
+    return page_url
+
+
+def _get_encoding_from_headers(headers):
+    """Determine if we have any encoding information in our headers.
+    """
+    if headers and "Content-Type" in headers:
+        content_type, params = cgi.parse_header(headers["Content-Type"])
+        if "charset" in params:
+            return params['charset']
+    return None
+
+
+_CLEAN_LINK_RE = re.compile(r'[^a-z0-9$&+,/:;=?@.#%_\\|-]', re.I)
+
+
+def _clean_link(url):
+    """Makes sure a link is fully encoded.  That is, if a ' ' shows up in
+    the link, it will be rewritten to %20 (while not over-quoting
+    % or other characters)."""
+    return _CLEAN_LINK_RE.sub(lambda match: '%%%2x' % ord(match.group(0)), url)
+
+
+class HTMLPage(object):
+    """Represents one page, along with its URL"""
+
+    def __init__(self, content, url, headers=None):
+        self.content = content
+        self.url = url
+        self.headers = headers
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.url
+
+    def iter_links(self):
+        """Yields all links in the page"""
+        document = html5lib.parse(
+            self.content,
+            transport_encoding=_get_encoding_from_headers(self.headers),
+            namespaceHTMLElements=False,
+        )
+        base_url = _determine_base_url(document, self.url)
+        for anchor in document.findall(".//a"):
+            if anchor.get("href"):
+                href = anchor.get("href")
+                url = _clean_link(urllib_parse.urljoin(base_url, href))
+                pyrequire = anchor.get('data-requires-python')
+                pyrequire = unescape(pyrequire) if pyrequire else None
+                yield Link(url, self.url, requires_python=pyrequire)
+
+
+Search = namedtuple('Search', 'supplied canonical formats')
+"""Capture key aspects of a search.
+
+:attribute supplied: The user supplied package.
+:attribute canonical: The canonical package name.
+:attribute formats: The formats allowed for this package. Should be a set
+    with 'binary' or 'source' or both in it.
+"""
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..183aaa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/locations.py
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+"""Locations where we look for configs, install stuff, etc"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import os
+import os.path
+import platform
+import site
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+from distutils import sysconfig as distutils_sysconfig
+from distutils.command.install import SCHEME_KEYS  # type: ignore
+
+from pip._internal.utils import appdirs
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS, expanduser
+
+# Application Directories
+USER_CACHE_DIR = appdirs.user_cache_dir("pip")
+
+
+DELETE_MARKER_MESSAGE = '''\
+This file is placed here by pip to indicate the source was put
+here by pip.
+
+Once this package is successfully installed this source code will be
+deleted (unless you remove this file).
+'''
+PIP_DELETE_MARKER_FILENAME = 'pip-delete-this-directory.txt'
+
+
+def write_delete_marker_file(directory):
+    """
+    Write the pip delete marker file into this directory.
+    """
+    filepath = os.path.join(directory, PIP_DELETE_MARKER_FILENAME)
+    with open(filepath, 'w') as marker_fp:
+        marker_fp.write(DELETE_MARKER_MESSAGE)
+
+
+def running_under_virtualenv():
+    """
+    Return True if we're running inside a virtualenv, False otherwise.
+
+    """
+    if hasattr(sys, 'real_prefix'):
+        return True
+    elif sys.prefix != getattr(sys, "base_prefix", sys.prefix):
+        return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def virtualenv_no_global():
+    """
+    Return True if in a venv and no system site packages.
+    """
+    # this mirrors the logic in virtualenv.py for locating the
+    # no-global-site-packages.txt file
+    site_mod_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(site.__file__))
+    no_global_file = os.path.join(site_mod_dir, 'no-global-site-packages.txt')
+    if running_under_virtualenv() and os.path.isfile(no_global_file):
+        return True
+
+
+if running_under_virtualenv():
+    src_prefix = os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'src')
+else:
+    # FIXME: keep src in cwd for now (it is not a temporary folder)
+    try:
+        src_prefix = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'src')
+    except OSError:
+        # In case the current working directory has been renamed or deleted
+        sys.exit(
+            "The folder you are executing pip from can no longer be found."
+        )
+
+# under macOS + virtualenv sys.prefix is not properly resolved
+# it is something like /path/to/python/bin/..
+# Note: using realpath due to tmp dirs on OSX being symlinks
+src_prefix = os.path.abspath(src_prefix)
+
+# FIXME doesn't account for venv linked to global site-packages
+
+site_packages = sysconfig.get_path("purelib")
+# This is because of a bug in PyPy's sysconfig module, see
+# https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/issues/2506/sysconfig-returns-incorrect-paths
+# for more information.
+if platform.python_implementation().lower() == "pypy":
+    site_packages = distutils_sysconfig.get_python_lib()
+try:
+    # Use getusersitepackages if this is present, as it ensures that the
+    # value is initialised properly.
+    user_site = site.getusersitepackages()
+except AttributeError:
+    user_site = site.USER_SITE
+user_dir = expanduser('~')
+if WINDOWS:
+    bin_py = os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'Scripts')
+    bin_user = os.path.join(user_site, 'Scripts')
+    # buildout uses 'bin' on Windows too?
+    if not os.path.exists(bin_py):
+        bin_py = os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'bin')
+        bin_user = os.path.join(user_site, 'bin')
+
+    config_basename = 'pip.ini'
+
+    legacy_storage_dir = os.path.join(user_dir, 'pip')
+    legacy_config_file = os.path.join(
+        legacy_storage_dir,
+        config_basename,
+    )
+else:
+    bin_py = os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'bin')
+    bin_user = os.path.join(user_site, 'bin')
+
+    config_basename = 'pip.conf'
+
+    legacy_storage_dir = os.path.join(user_dir, '.pip')
+    legacy_config_file = os.path.join(
+        legacy_storage_dir,
+        config_basename,
+    )
+    # Forcing to use /usr/local/bin for standard macOS framework installs
+    # Also log to ~/Library/Logs/ for use with the Console.app log viewer
+    if sys.platform[:6] == 'darwin' and sys.prefix[:16] == '/System/Library/':
+        bin_py = '/usr/local/bin'
+
+site_config_files = [
+    os.path.join(path, config_basename)
+    for path in appdirs.site_config_dirs('pip')
+]
+
+venv_config_file = os.path.join(sys.prefix, config_basename)
+new_config_file = os.path.join(appdirs.user_config_dir("pip"), config_basename)
+
+
+def distutils_scheme(dist_name, user=False, home=None, root=None,
+                     isolated=False, prefix=None):
+    """
+    Return a distutils install scheme
+    """
+    from distutils.dist import Distribution
+
+    scheme = {}
+
+    if isolated:
+        extra_dist_args = {"script_args": ["--no-user-cfg"]}
+    else:
+        extra_dist_args = {}
+    dist_args = {'name': dist_name}
+    dist_args.update(extra_dist_args)
+
+    d = Distribution(dist_args)
+    d.parse_config_files()
+    i = d.get_command_obj('install', create=True)
+    # NOTE: setting user or home has the side-effect of creating the home dir
+    # or user base for installations during finalize_options()
+    # ideally, we'd prefer a scheme class that has no side-effects.
+    assert not (user and prefix), "user={} prefix={}".format(user, prefix)
+    i.user = user or i.user
+    if user:
+        i.prefix = ""
+    i.prefix = prefix or i.prefix
+    i.home = home or i.home
+    i.root = root or i.root
+    i.finalize_options()
+    for key in SCHEME_KEYS:
+        scheme[key] = getattr(i, 'install_' + key)
+
+    # install_lib specified in setup.cfg should install *everything*
+    # into there (i.e. it takes precedence over both purelib and
+    # platlib).  Note, i.install_lib is *always* set after
+    # finalize_options(); we only want to override here if the user
+    # has explicitly requested it hence going back to the config
+    if 'install_lib' in d.get_option_dict('install'):
+        scheme.update(dict(purelib=i.install_lib, platlib=i.install_lib))
+
+    if running_under_virtualenv():
+        scheme['headers'] = os.path.join(
+            sys.prefix,
+            'include',
+            'site',
+            'python' + sys.version[:3],
+            dist_name,
+        )
+
+        if root is not None:
+            path_no_drive = os.path.splitdrive(
+                os.path.abspath(scheme["headers"]))[1]
+            scheme["headers"] = os.path.join(
+                root,
+                path_no_drive[1:],
+            )
+
+    return scheme
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7855226
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+"""A package that contains models that represent entities.
+"""
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/candidate.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/candidate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c736de6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/candidate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+
+from pip._internal.utils.models import KeyBasedCompareMixin
+
+
+class InstallationCandidate(KeyBasedCompareMixin):
+    """Represents a potential "candidate" for installation.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, project, version, location):
+        self.project = project
+        self.version = parse_version(version)
+        self.location = location
+
+        super(InstallationCandidate, self).__init__(
+            key=(self.project, self.version, self.location),
+            defining_class=InstallationCandidate
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<InstallationCandidate({!r}, {!r}, {!r})>".format(
+            self.project, self.version, self.location,
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/format_control.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/format_control.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2748856
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/format_control.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+
+class FormatControl(object):
+    """A helper class for controlling formats from which packages are installed.
+    If a field is falsy, it isn't set. If it is {':all:'}, it should match all
+    packages except those listed in the other field. Only one field can be set
+    to {':all:'} at a time. The rest of the time exact package name matches
+    are listed, with any given package only showing up in one field at a time.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, no_binary=None, only_binary=None):
+        self.no_binary = set() if no_binary is None else no_binary
+        self.only_binary = set() if only_binary is None else only_binary
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self.__dict__ == other.__dict__
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self.__eq__(other)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "{}({}, {})".format(
+            self.__class__.__name__,
+            self.no_binary,
+            self.only_binary
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def handle_mutual_excludes(value, target, other):
+        new = value.split(',')
+        while ':all:' in new:
+            other.clear()
+            target.clear()
+            target.add(':all:')
+            del new[:new.index(':all:') + 1]
+            # Without a none, we want to discard everything as :all: covers it
+            if ':none:' not in new:
+                return
+        for name in new:
+            if name == ':none:':
+                target.clear()
+                continue
+            name = canonicalize_name(name)
+            other.discard(name)
+            target.add(name)
+
+    def get_allowed_formats(self, canonical_name):
+        result = {"binary", "source"}
+        if canonical_name in self.only_binary:
+            result.discard('source')
+        elif canonical_name in self.no_binary:
+            result.discard('binary')
+        elif ':all:' in self.only_binary:
+            result.discard('source')
+        elif ':all:' in self.no_binary:
+            result.discard('binary')
+        return frozenset(result)
+
+    def disallow_binaries(self):
+        self.handle_mutual_excludes(
+            ':all:', self.no_binary, self.only_binary,
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/index.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/index.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..870a315
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import parse as urllib_parse
+
+
+class PackageIndex(object):
+    """Represents a Package Index and provides easier access to endpoints
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, url, file_storage_domain):
+        super(PackageIndex, self).__init__()
+        self.url = url
+        self.netloc = urllib_parse.urlsplit(url).netloc
+        self.simple_url = self._url_for_path('simple')
+        self.pypi_url = self._url_for_path('pypi')
+
+        # This is part of a temporary hack used to block installs of PyPI
+        # packages which depend on external urls only necessary until PyPI can
+        # block such packages themselves
+        self.file_storage_domain = file_storage_domain
+
+    def _url_for_path(self, path):
+        return urllib_parse.urljoin(self.url, path)
+
+
+PyPI = PackageIndex(
+    'https://pypi.org/', file_storage_domain='files.pythonhosted.org'
+)
+TestPyPI = PackageIndex(
+    'https://test.pypi.org/', file_storage_domain='test-files.pythonhosted.org'
+)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/link.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/link.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5decb7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/models/link.py
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+import posixpath
+import re
+
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import parse as urllib_parse
+
+from pip._internal.download import path_to_url
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import splitext
+from pip._internal.utils.models import KeyBasedCompareMixin
+from pip._internal.wheel import wheel_ext
+
+
+class Link(KeyBasedCompareMixin):
+    """Represents a parsed link from a Package Index's simple URL
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, url, comes_from=None, requires_python=None):
+        """
+        url:
+            url of the resource pointed to (href of the link)
+        comes_from:
+            instance of HTMLPage where the link was found, or string.
+        requires_python:
+            String containing the `Requires-Python` metadata field, specified
+            in PEP 345. This may be specified by a data-requires-python
+            attribute in the HTML link tag, as described in PEP 503.
+        """
+
+        # url can be a UNC windows share
+        if url.startswith('\\\\'):
+            url = path_to_url(url)
+
+        self.url = url
+        self.comes_from = comes_from
+        self.requires_python = requires_python if requires_python else None
+
+        super(Link, self).__init__(
+            key=(self.url),
+            defining_class=Link
+        )
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.requires_python:
+            rp = ' (requires-python:%s)' % self.requires_python
+        else:
+            rp = ''
+        if self.comes_from:
+            return '%s (from %s)%s' % (self.url, self.comes_from, rp)
+        else:
+            return str(self.url)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<Link %s>' % self
+
+    @property
+    def filename(self):
+        _, netloc, path, _, _ = urllib_parse.urlsplit(self.url)
+        name = posixpath.basename(path.rstrip('/')) or netloc
+        name = urllib_parse.unquote(name)
+        assert name, ('URL %r produced no filename' % self.url)
+        return name
+
+    @property
+    def scheme(self):
+        return urllib_parse.urlsplit(self.url)[0]
+
+    @property
+    def netloc(self):
+        return urllib_parse.urlsplit(self.url)[1]
+
+    @property
+    def path(self):
+        return urllib_parse.unquote(urllib_parse.urlsplit(self.url)[2])
+
+    def splitext(self):
+        return splitext(posixpath.basename(self.path.rstrip('/')))
+
+    @property
+    def ext(self):
+        return self.splitext()[1]
+
+    @property
+    def url_without_fragment(self):
+        scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urllib_parse.urlsplit(self.url)
+        return urllib_parse.urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, None))
+
+    _egg_fragment_re = re.compile(r'[#&]egg=([^&]*)')
+
+    @property
+    def egg_fragment(self):
+        match = self._egg_fragment_re.search(self.url)
+        if not match:
+            return None
+        return match.group(1)
+
+    _subdirectory_fragment_re = re.compile(r'[#&]subdirectory=([^&]*)')
+
+    @property
+    def subdirectory_fragment(self):
+        match = self._subdirectory_fragment_re.search(self.url)
+        if not match:
+            return None
+        return match.group(1)
+
+    _hash_re = re.compile(
+        r'(sha1|sha224|sha384|sha256|sha512|md5)=([a-f0-9]+)'
+    )
+
+    @property
+    def hash(self):
+        match = self._hash_re.search(self.url)
+        if match:
+            return match.group(2)
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def hash_name(self):
+        match = self._hash_re.search(self.url)
+        if match:
+            return match.group(1)
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def show_url(self):
+        return posixpath.basename(self.url.split('#', 1)[0].split('?', 1)[0])
+
+    @property
+    def is_wheel(self):
+        return self.ext == wheel_ext
+
+    @property
+    def is_artifact(self):
+        """
+        Determines if this points to an actual artifact (e.g. a tarball) or if
+        it points to an "abstract" thing like a path or a VCS location.
+        """
+        from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+
+        if self.scheme in vcs.all_schemes:
+            return False
+
+        return True
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/check.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/check.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..799257a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/check.py
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+"""Validation of dependencies of packages
+"""
+
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+
+from pip._internal.operations.prepare import make_abstract_dist
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import get_installed_distributions
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement  # noqa: F401
+    from typing import (  # noqa: F401
+        Any, Callable, Dict, Iterator, Optional, Set, Tuple, List
+    )
+
+    # Shorthands
+    PackageSet = Dict[str, 'PackageDetails']
+    Missing = Tuple[str, Any]
+    Conflicting = Tuple[str, str, Any]
+
+    MissingDict = Dict[str, List[Missing]]
+    ConflictingDict = Dict[str, List[Conflicting]]
+    CheckResult = Tuple[MissingDict, ConflictingDict]
+
+PackageDetails = namedtuple('PackageDetails', ['version', 'requires'])
+
+
+def create_package_set_from_installed(**kwargs):
+    # type: (**Any) -> PackageSet
+    """Converts a list of distributions into a PackageSet.
+    """
+    # Default to using all packages installed on the system
+    if kwargs == {}:
+        kwargs = {"local_only": False, "skip": ()}
+
+    package_set = {}
+    for dist in get_installed_distributions(**kwargs):
+        name = canonicalize_name(dist.project_name)
+        package_set[name] = PackageDetails(dist.version, dist.requires())
+    return package_set
+
+
+def check_package_set(package_set, should_ignore=None):
+    # type: (PackageSet, Optional[Callable[[str], bool]]) -> CheckResult
+    """Check if a package set is consistent
+
+    If should_ignore is passed, it should be a callable that takes a
+    package name and returns a boolean.
+    """
+    if should_ignore is None:
+        def should_ignore(name):
+            return False
+
+    missing = dict()
+    conflicting = dict()
+
+    for package_name in package_set:
+        # Info about dependencies of package_name
+        missing_deps = set()  # type: Set[Missing]
+        conflicting_deps = set()  # type: Set[Conflicting]
+
+        if should_ignore(package_name):
+            continue
+
+        for req in package_set[package_name].requires:
+            name = canonicalize_name(req.project_name)  # type: str
+
+            # Check if it's missing
+            if name not in package_set:
+                missed = True
+                if req.marker is not None:
+                    missed = req.marker.evaluate()
+                if missed:
+                    missing_deps.add((name, req))
+                continue
+
+            # Check if there's a conflict
+            version = package_set[name].version  # type: str
+            if not req.specifier.contains(version, prereleases=True):
+                conflicting_deps.add((name, version, req))
+
+        if missing_deps:
+            missing[package_name] = sorted(missing_deps, key=str)
+        if conflicting_deps:
+            conflicting[package_name] = sorted(conflicting_deps, key=str)
+
+    return missing, conflicting
+
+
+def check_install_conflicts(to_install):
+    # type: (List[InstallRequirement]) -> Tuple[PackageSet, CheckResult]
+    """For checking if the dependency graph would be consistent after \
+    installing given requirements
+    """
+    # Start from the current state
+    package_set = create_package_set_from_installed()
+    # Install packages
+    would_be_installed = _simulate_installation_of(to_install, package_set)
+
+    # Only warn about directly-dependent packages; create a whitelist of them
+    whitelist = _create_whitelist(would_be_installed, package_set)
+
+    return (
+        package_set,
+        check_package_set(
+            package_set, should_ignore=lambda name: name not in whitelist
+        )
+    )
+
+
+# NOTE from @pradyunsg
+# This required a minor update in dependency link handling logic over at
+# operations.prepare.IsSDist.dist() to get it working
+def _simulate_installation_of(to_install, package_set):
+    # type: (List[InstallRequirement], PackageSet) -> Set[str]
+    """Computes the version of packages after installing to_install.
+    """
+
+    # Keep track of packages that were installed
+    installed = set()
+
+    # Modify it as installing requirement_set would (assuming no errors)
+    for inst_req in to_install:
+        dist = make_abstract_dist(inst_req).dist(finder=None)
+        name = canonicalize_name(dist.key)
+        package_set[name] = PackageDetails(dist.version, dist.requires())
+
+        installed.add(name)
+
+    return installed
+
+
+def _create_whitelist(would_be_installed, package_set):
+    # type: (Set[str], PackageSet) -> Set[str]
+    packages_affected = set(would_be_installed)
+
+    for package_name in package_set:
+        if package_name in packages_affected:
+            continue
+
+        for req in package_set[package_name].requires:
+            if canonicalize_name(req.name) in packages_affected:
+                packages_affected.add(package_name)
+                break
+
+    return packages_affected
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/freeze.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/freeze.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..beb2feb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/freeze.py
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import collections
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources, six
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.pkg_resources import RequirementParseError
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.req.constructors import (
+    install_req_from_editable, install_req_from_line,
+)
+from pip._internal.req.req_file import COMMENT_RE
+from pip._internal.utils.deprecation import deprecated
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    dist_is_editable, get_installed_distributions, make_vcs_requirement_url,
+)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def freeze(
+        requirement=None,
+        find_links=None, local_only=None, user_only=None, skip_regex=None,
+        isolated=False,
+        wheel_cache=None,
+        exclude_editable=False,
+        skip=()):
+    find_links = find_links or []
+    skip_match = None
+
+    if skip_regex:
+        skip_match = re.compile(skip_regex).search
+
+    dependency_links = []
+
+    for dist in pkg_resources.working_set:
+        if dist.has_metadata('dependency_links.txt'):
+            dependency_links.extend(
+                dist.get_metadata_lines('dependency_links.txt')
+            )
+    for link in find_links:
+        if '#egg=' in link:
+            dependency_links.append(link)
+    for link in find_links:
+        yield '-f %s' % link
+    installations = {}
+    for dist in get_installed_distributions(local_only=local_only,
+                                            skip=(),
+                                            user_only=user_only):
+        try:
+            req = FrozenRequirement.from_dist(
+                dist,
+                dependency_links
+            )
+        except RequirementParseError:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Could not parse requirement: %s",
+                dist.project_name
+            )
+            continue
+        if exclude_editable and req.editable:
+            continue
+        installations[req.name] = req
+
+    if requirement:
+        # the options that don't get turned into an InstallRequirement
+        # should only be emitted once, even if the same option is in multiple
+        # requirements files, so we need to keep track of what has been emitted
+        # so that we don't emit it again if it's seen again
+        emitted_options = set()
+        # keep track of which files a requirement is in so that we can
+        # give an accurate warning if a requirement appears multiple times.
+        req_files = collections.defaultdict(list)
+        for req_file_path in requirement:
+            with open(req_file_path) as req_file:
+                for line in req_file:
+                    if (not line.strip() or
+                            line.strip().startswith('#') or
+                            (skip_match and skip_match(line)) or
+                            line.startswith((
+                                '-r', '--requirement',
+                                '-Z', '--always-unzip',
+                                '-f', '--find-links',
+                                '-i', '--index-url',
+                                '--pre',
+                                '--trusted-host',
+                                '--process-dependency-links',
+                                '--extra-index-url'))):
+                        line = line.rstrip()
+                        if line not in emitted_options:
+                            emitted_options.add(line)
+                            yield line
+                        continue
+
+                    if line.startswith('-e') or line.startswith('--editable'):
+                        if line.startswith('-e'):
+                            line = line[2:].strip()
+                        else:
+                            line = line[len('--editable'):].strip().lstrip('=')
+                        line_req = install_req_from_editable(
+                            line,
+                            isolated=isolated,
+                            wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        line_req = install_req_from_line(
+                            COMMENT_RE.sub('', line).strip(),
+                            isolated=isolated,
+                            wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+                        )
+
+                    if not line_req.name:
+                        logger.info(
+                            "Skipping line in requirement file [%s] because "
+                            "it's not clear what it would install: %s",
+                            req_file_path, line.strip(),
+                        )
+                        logger.info(
+                            "  (add #egg=PackageName to the URL to avoid"
+                            " this warning)"
+                        )
+                    elif line_req.name not in installations:
+                        # either it's not installed, or it is installed
+                        # but has been processed already
+                        if not req_files[line_req.name]:
+                            logger.warning(
+                                "Requirement file [%s] contains %s, but that "
+                                "package is not installed",
+                                req_file_path,
+                                COMMENT_RE.sub('', line).strip(),
+                            )
+                        else:
+                            req_files[line_req.name].append(req_file_path)
+                    else:
+                        yield str(installations[line_req.name]).rstrip()
+                        del installations[line_req.name]
+                        req_files[line_req.name].append(req_file_path)
+
+        # Warn about requirements that were included multiple times (in a
+        # single requirements file or in different requirements files).
+        for name, files in six.iteritems(req_files):
+            if len(files) > 1:
+                logger.warning("Requirement %s included multiple times [%s]",
+                               name, ', '.join(sorted(set(files))))
+
+        yield(
+            '## The following requirements were added by '
+            'pip freeze:'
+        )
+    for installation in sorted(
+            installations.values(), key=lambda x: x.name.lower()):
+        if canonicalize_name(installation.name) not in skip:
+            yield str(installation).rstrip()
+
+
+class FrozenRequirement(object):
+    def __init__(self, name, req, editable, comments=()):
+        self.name = name
+        self.req = req
+        self.editable = editable
+        self.comments = comments
+
+    _rev_re = re.compile(r'-r(\d+)$')
+    _date_re = re.compile(r'-(20\d\d\d\d\d\d)$')
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _init_args_from_dist(cls, dist, dependency_links):
+        """
+        Compute and return arguments (req, editable, comments) to pass to
+        FrozenRequirement.__init__().
+
+        This method is for use in FrozenRequirement.from_dist().
+        """
+        location = os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(dist.location))
+        comments = []
+        from pip._internal.vcs import vcs, get_src_requirement
+        if dist_is_editable(dist) and vcs.get_backend_name(location):
+            editable = True
+            try:
+                req = get_src_requirement(dist, location)
+            except InstallationError as exc:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Error when trying to get requirement for VCS system %s, "
+                    "falling back to uneditable format", exc
+                )
+                req = None
+            if req is None:
+                logger.warning(
+                    'Could not determine repository location of %s', location
+                )
+                comments.append(
+                    '## !! Could not determine repository location'
+                )
+                req = dist.as_requirement()
+                editable = False
+        else:
+            editable = False
+            req = dist.as_requirement()
+            specs = req.specs
+            assert len(specs) == 1 and specs[0][0] in ["==", "==="], \
+                'Expected 1 spec with == or ===; specs = %r; dist = %r' % \
+                (specs, dist)
+            version = specs[0][1]
+            ver_match = cls._rev_re.search(version)
+            date_match = cls._date_re.search(version)
+            if ver_match or date_match:
+                svn_backend = vcs.get_backend('svn')
+                if svn_backend:
+                    svn_location = svn_backend().get_location(
+                        dist,
+                        dependency_links,
+                    )
+                if not svn_location:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        'Warning: cannot find svn location for %s', req,
+                    )
+                    comments.append(
+                        '## FIXME: could not find svn URL in dependency_links '
+                        'for this package:'
+                    )
+                else:
+                    deprecated(
+                        "SVN editable detection based on dependency links "
+                        "will be dropped in the future.",
+                        replacement=None,
+                        gone_in="18.2",
+                        issue=4187,
+                    )
+                    comments.append(
+                        '# Installing as editable to satisfy requirement %s:' %
+                        req
+                    )
+                    if ver_match:
+                        rev = ver_match.group(1)
+                    else:
+                        rev = '{%s}' % date_match.group(1)
+                    editable = True
+                    egg_name = cls.egg_name(dist)
+                    req = make_vcs_requirement_url(svn_location, rev, egg_name)
+
+        return (req, editable, comments)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dist(cls, dist, dependency_links):
+        args = cls._init_args_from_dist(dist, dependency_links)
+        return cls(dist.project_name, *args)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def egg_name(dist):
+        name = dist.egg_name()
+        match = re.search(r'-py\d\.\d$', name)
+        if match:
+            name = name[:match.start()]
+        return name
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        req = self.req
+        if self.editable:
+            req = '-e %s' % req
+        return '\n'.join(list(self.comments) + [str(req)]) + '\n'
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..104bea3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py
@@ -0,0 +1,355 @@
+"""Prepares a distribution for installation
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources, requests
+
+from pip._internal.build_env import BuildEnvironment
+from pip._internal.download import (
+    is_dir_url, is_file_url, is_vcs_url, unpack_url, url_to_path,
+)
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    DirectoryUrlHashUnsupported, HashUnpinned, InstallationError,
+    PreviousBuildDirError, VcsHashUnsupported,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import expanduser
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import MissingHashes
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import display_path, normalize_path
+from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def make_abstract_dist(req):
+    """Factory to make an abstract dist object.
+
+    Preconditions: Either an editable req with a source_dir, or satisfied_by or
+    a wheel link, or a non-editable req with a source_dir.
+
+    :return: A concrete DistAbstraction.
+    """
+    if req.editable:
+        return IsSDist(req)
+    elif req.link and req.link.is_wheel:
+        return IsWheel(req)
+    else:
+        return IsSDist(req)
+
+
+class DistAbstraction(object):
+    """Abstracts out the wheel vs non-wheel Resolver.resolve() logic.
+
+    The requirements for anything installable are as follows:
+     - we must be able to determine the requirement name
+       (or we can't correctly handle the non-upgrade case).
+     - we must be able to generate a list of run-time dependencies
+       without installing any additional packages (or we would
+       have to either burn time by doing temporary isolated installs
+       or alternatively violate pips 'don't start installing unless
+       all requirements are available' rule - neither of which are
+       desirable).
+     - for packages with setup requirements, we must also be able
+       to determine their requirements without installing additional
+       packages (for the same reason as run-time dependencies)
+     - we must be able to create a Distribution object exposing the
+       above metadata.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, req):
+        self.req = req
+
+    def dist(self, finder):
+        """Return a setuptools Dist object."""
+        raise NotImplementedError(self.dist)
+
+    def prep_for_dist(self, finder, build_isolation):
+        """Ensure that we can get a Dist for this requirement."""
+        raise NotImplementedError(self.dist)
+
+
+class IsWheel(DistAbstraction):
+
+    def dist(self, finder):
+        return list(pkg_resources.find_distributions(
+            self.req.source_dir))[0]
+
+    def prep_for_dist(self, finder, build_isolation):
+        # FIXME:https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1112
+        pass
+
+
+class IsSDist(DistAbstraction):
+
+    def dist(self, finder):
+        dist = self.req.get_dist()
+        # FIXME: shouldn't be globally added.
+        if finder and dist.has_metadata('dependency_links.txt'):
+            finder.add_dependency_links(
+                dist.get_metadata_lines('dependency_links.txt')
+            )
+        return dist
+
+    def prep_for_dist(self, finder, build_isolation):
+        # Prepare for building. We need to:
+        #   1. Load pyproject.toml (if it exists)
+        #   2. Set up the build environment
+
+        self.req.load_pyproject_toml()
+        should_isolate = self.req.use_pep517 and build_isolation
+
+        if should_isolate:
+            # Isolate in a BuildEnvironment and install the build-time
+            # requirements.
+            self.req.build_env = BuildEnvironment()
+            self.req.build_env.install_requirements(
+                finder, self.req.pyproject_requires,
+                "Installing build dependencies"
+            )
+            missing = []
+            if self.req.requirements_to_check:
+                check = self.req.requirements_to_check
+                missing = self.req.build_env.missing_requirements(check)
+            if missing:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Missing build requirements in pyproject.toml for %s.",
+                    self.req,
+                )
+                logger.warning(
+                    "The project does not specify a build backend, and pip "
+                    "cannot fall back to setuptools without %s.",
+                    " and ".join(map(repr, sorted(missing)))
+                )
+
+        self.req.run_egg_info()
+        self.req.assert_source_matches_version()
+
+
+class Installed(DistAbstraction):
+
+    def dist(self, finder):
+        return self.req.satisfied_by
+
+    def prep_for_dist(self, finder, build_isolation):
+        pass
+
+
+class RequirementPreparer(object):
+    """Prepares a Requirement
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, build_dir, download_dir, src_dir, wheel_download_dir,
+                 progress_bar, build_isolation, req_tracker):
+        super(RequirementPreparer, self).__init__()
+
+        self.src_dir = src_dir
+        self.build_dir = build_dir
+        self.req_tracker = req_tracker
+
+        # Where still packed archives should be written to. If None, they are
+        # not saved, and are deleted immediately after unpacking.
+        self.download_dir = download_dir
+
+        # Where still-packed .whl files should be written to. If None, they are
+        # written to the download_dir parameter. Separate to download_dir to
+        # permit only keeping wheel archives for pip wheel.
+        if wheel_download_dir:
+            wheel_download_dir = normalize_path(wheel_download_dir)
+        self.wheel_download_dir = wheel_download_dir
+
+        # NOTE
+        # download_dir and wheel_download_dir overlap semantically and may
+        # be combined if we're willing to have non-wheel archives present in
+        # the wheelhouse output by 'pip wheel'.
+
+        self.progress_bar = progress_bar
+
+        # Is build isolation allowed?
+        self.build_isolation = build_isolation
+
+    @property
+    def _download_should_save(self):
+        # TODO: Modify to reduce indentation needed
+        if self.download_dir:
+            self.download_dir = expanduser(self.download_dir)
+            if os.path.exists(self.download_dir):
+                return True
+            else:
+                logger.critical('Could not find download directory')
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    "Could not find or access download directory '%s'"
+                    % display_path(self.download_dir))
+        return False
+
+    def prepare_linked_requirement(self, req, session, finder,
+                                   upgrade_allowed, require_hashes):
+        """Prepare a requirement that would be obtained from req.link
+        """
+        # TODO: Breakup into smaller functions
+        if req.link and req.link.scheme == 'file':
+            path = url_to_path(req.link.url)
+            logger.info('Processing %s', display_path(path))
+        else:
+            logger.info('Collecting %s', req)
+
+        with indent_log():
+            # @@ if filesystem packages are not marked
+            # editable in a req, a non deterministic error
+            # occurs when the script attempts to unpack the
+            # build directory
+            req.ensure_has_source_dir(self.build_dir)
+            # If a checkout exists, it's unwise to keep going.  version
+            # inconsistencies are logged later, but do not fail the
+            # installation.
+            # FIXME: this won't upgrade when there's an existing
+            # package unpacked in `req.source_dir`
+            # package unpacked in `req.source_dir`
+            if os.path.exists(os.path.join(req.source_dir, 'setup.py')):
+                raise PreviousBuildDirError(
+                    "pip can't proceed with requirements '%s' due to a"
+                    " pre-existing build directory (%s). This is "
+                    "likely due to a previous installation that failed"
+                    ". pip is being responsible and not assuming it "
+                    "can delete this. Please delete it and try again."
+                    % (req, req.source_dir)
+                )
+            req.populate_link(finder, upgrade_allowed, require_hashes)
+
+            # We can't hit this spot and have populate_link return None.
+            # req.satisfied_by is None here (because we're
+            # guarded) and upgrade has no impact except when satisfied_by
+            # is not None.
+            # Then inside find_requirement existing_applicable -> False
+            # If no new versions are found, DistributionNotFound is raised,
+            # otherwise a result is guaranteed.
+            assert req.link
+            link = req.link
+
+            # Now that we have the real link, we can tell what kind of
+            # requirements we have and raise some more informative errors
+            # than otherwise. (For example, we can raise VcsHashUnsupported
+            # for a VCS URL rather than HashMissing.)
+            if require_hashes:
+                # We could check these first 2 conditions inside
+                # unpack_url and save repetition of conditions, but then
+                # we would report less-useful error messages for
+                # unhashable requirements, complaining that there's no
+                # hash provided.
+                if is_vcs_url(link):
+                    raise VcsHashUnsupported()
+                elif is_file_url(link) and is_dir_url(link):
+                    raise DirectoryUrlHashUnsupported()
+                if not req.original_link and not req.is_pinned:
+                    # Unpinned packages are asking for trouble when a new
+                    # version is uploaded. This isn't a security check, but
+                    # it saves users a surprising hash mismatch in the
+                    # future.
+                    #
+                    # file:/// URLs aren't pinnable, so don't complain
+                    # about them not being pinned.
+                    raise HashUnpinned()
+
+            hashes = req.hashes(trust_internet=not require_hashes)
+            if require_hashes and not hashes:
+                # Known-good hashes are missing for this requirement, so
+                # shim it with a facade object that will provoke hash
+                # computation and then raise a HashMissing exception
+                # showing the user what the hash should be.
+                hashes = MissingHashes()
+
+            try:
+                download_dir = self.download_dir
+                # We always delete unpacked sdists after pip ran.
+                autodelete_unpacked = True
+                if req.link.is_wheel and self.wheel_download_dir:
+                    # when doing 'pip wheel` we download wheels to a
+                    # dedicated dir.
+                    download_dir = self.wheel_download_dir
+                if req.link.is_wheel:
+                    if download_dir:
+                        # When downloading, we only unpack wheels to get
+                        # metadata.
+                        autodelete_unpacked = True
+                    else:
+                        # When installing a wheel, we use the unpacked
+                        # wheel.
+                        autodelete_unpacked = False
+                unpack_url(
+                    req.link, req.source_dir,
+                    download_dir, autodelete_unpacked,
+                    session=session, hashes=hashes,
+                    progress_bar=self.progress_bar
+                )
+            except requests.HTTPError as exc:
+                logger.critical(
+                    'Could not install requirement %s because of error %s',
+                    req,
+                    exc,
+                )
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    'Could not install requirement %s because of HTTP '
+                    'error %s for URL %s' %
+                    (req, exc, req.link)
+                )
+            abstract_dist = make_abstract_dist(req)
+            with self.req_tracker.track(req):
+                abstract_dist.prep_for_dist(finder, self.build_isolation)
+            if self._download_should_save:
+                # Make a .zip of the source_dir we already created.
+                if req.link.scheme in vcs.all_schemes:
+                    req.archive(self.download_dir)
+        return abstract_dist
+
+    def prepare_editable_requirement(self, req, require_hashes, use_user_site,
+                                     finder):
+        """Prepare an editable requirement
+        """
+        assert req.editable, "cannot prepare a non-editable req as editable"
+
+        logger.info('Obtaining %s', req)
+
+        with indent_log():
+            if require_hashes:
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    'The editable requirement %s cannot be installed when '
+                    'requiring hashes, because there is no single file to '
+                    'hash.' % req
+                )
+            req.ensure_has_source_dir(self.src_dir)
+            req.update_editable(not self._download_should_save)
+
+            abstract_dist = make_abstract_dist(req)
+            with self.req_tracker.track(req):
+                abstract_dist.prep_for_dist(finder, self.build_isolation)
+
+            if self._download_should_save:
+                req.archive(self.download_dir)
+            req.check_if_exists(use_user_site)
+
+        return abstract_dist
+
+    def prepare_installed_requirement(self, req, require_hashes, skip_reason):
+        """Prepare an already-installed requirement
+        """
+        assert req.satisfied_by, "req should have been satisfied but isn't"
+        assert skip_reason is not None, (
+            "did not get skip reason skipped but req.satisfied_by "
+            "is set to %r" % (req.satisfied_by,)
+        )
+        logger.info(
+            'Requirement %s: %s (%s)',
+            skip_reason, req, req.satisfied_by.version
+        )
+        with indent_log():
+            if require_hashes:
+                logger.debug(
+                    'Since it is already installed, we are trusting this '
+                    'package without checking its hash. To ensure a '
+                    'completely repeatable environment, install into an '
+                    'empty virtualenv.'
+                )
+            abstract_dist = Installed(req)
+
+        return abstract_dist
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/pep425tags.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/pep425tags.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab1a029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/pep425tags.py
@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+"""Generate and work with PEP 425 Compatibility Tags."""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import distutils.util
+import logging
+import platform
+import re
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+import warnings
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+import pip._internal.utils.glibc
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import get_extension_suffixes
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+_osx_arch_pat = re.compile(r'(.+)_(\d+)_(\d+)_(.+)')
+
+
+def get_config_var(var):
+    try:
+        return sysconfig.get_config_var(var)
+    except IOError as e:  # Issue #1074
+        warnings.warn("{}".format(e), RuntimeWarning)
+        return None
+
+
+def get_abbr_impl():
+    """Return abbreviated implementation name."""
+    if hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info'):
+        pyimpl = 'pp'
+    elif sys.platform.startswith('java'):
+        pyimpl = 'jy'
+    elif sys.platform == 'cli':
+        pyimpl = 'ip'
+    else:
+        pyimpl = 'cp'
+    return pyimpl
+
+
+def get_impl_ver():
+    """Return implementation version."""
+    impl_ver = get_config_var("py_version_nodot")
+    if not impl_ver or get_abbr_impl() == 'pp':
+        impl_ver = ''.join(map(str, get_impl_version_info()))
+    return impl_ver
+
+
+def get_impl_version_info():
+    """Return sys.version_info-like tuple for use in decrementing the minor
+    version."""
+    if get_abbr_impl() == 'pp':
+        # as per https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/2882
+        return (sys.version_info[0], sys.pypy_version_info.major,
+                sys.pypy_version_info.minor)
+    else:
+        return sys.version_info[0], sys.version_info[1]
+
+
+def get_impl_tag():
+    """
+    Returns the Tag for this specific implementation.
+    """
+    return "{}{}".format(get_abbr_impl(), get_impl_ver())
+
+
+def get_flag(var, fallback, expected=True, warn=True):
+    """Use a fallback method for determining SOABI flags if the needed config
+    var is unset or unavailable."""
+    val = get_config_var(var)
+    if val is None:
+        if warn:
+            logger.debug("Config variable '%s' is unset, Python ABI tag may "
+                         "be incorrect", var)
+        return fallback()
+    return val == expected
+
+
+def get_abi_tag():
+    """Return the ABI tag based on SOABI (if available) or emulate SOABI
+    (CPython 2, PyPy)."""
+    soabi = get_config_var('SOABI')
+    impl = get_abbr_impl()
+    if not soabi and impl in {'cp', 'pp'} and hasattr(sys, 'maxunicode'):
+        d = ''
+        m = ''
+        u = ''
+        if get_flag('Py_DEBUG',
+                    lambda: hasattr(sys, 'gettotalrefcount'),
+                    warn=(impl == 'cp')):
+            d = 'd'
+        if get_flag('WITH_PYMALLOC',
+                    lambda: impl == 'cp',
+                    warn=(impl == 'cp')):
+            m = 'm'
+        if get_flag('Py_UNICODE_SIZE',
+                    lambda: sys.maxunicode == 0x10ffff,
+                    expected=4,
+                    warn=(impl == 'cp' and
+                          sys.version_info < (3, 3))) \
+                and sys.version_info < (3, 3):
+            u = 'u'
+        abi = '%s%s%s%s%s' % (impl, get_impl_ver(), d, m, u)
+    elif soabi and soabi.startswith('cpython-'):
+        abi = 'cp' + soabi.split('-')[1]
+    elif soabi:
+        abi = soabi.replace('.', '_').replace('-', '_')
+    else:
+        abi = None
+    return abi
+
+
+def _is_running_32bit():
+    return sys.maxsize == 2147483647
+
+
+def get_platform():
+    """Return our platform name 'win32', 'linux_x86_64'"""
+    if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+        # distutils.util.get_platform() returns the release based on the value
+        # of MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET on which Python was built, which may
+        # be significantly older than the user's current machine.
+        release, _, machine = platform.mac_ver()
+        split_ver = release.split('.')
+
+        if machine == "x86_64" and _is_running_32bit():
+            machine = "i386"
+        elif machine == "ppc64" and _is_running_32bit():
+            machine = "ppc"
+
+        return 'macosx_{}_{}_{}'.format(split_ver[0], split_ver[1], machine)
+
+    # XXX remove distutils dependency
+    result = distutils.util.get_platform().replace('.', '_').replace('-', '_')
+    if result == "linux_x86_64" and _is_running_32bit():
+        # 32 bit Python program (running on a 64 bit Linux): pip should only
+        # install and run 32 bit compiled extensions in that case.
+        result = "linux_i686"
+
+    return result
+
+
+def is_manylinux1_compatible():
+    # Only Linux, and only x86-64 / i686
+    if get_platform() not in {"linux_x86_64", "linux_i686"}:
+        return False
+
+    # Check for presence of _manylinux module
+    try:
+        import _manylinux
+        return bool(_manylinux.manylinux1_compatible)
+    except (ImportError, AttributeError):
+        # Fall through to heuristic check below
+        pass
+
+    # Check glibc version. CentOS 5 uses glibc 2.5.
+    return pip._internal.utils.glibc.have_compatible_glibc(2, 5)
+
+
+def get_darwin_arches(major, minor, machine):
+    """Return a list of supported arches (including group arches) for
+    the given major, minor and machine architecture of an macOS machine.
+    """
+    arches = []
+
+    def _supports_arch(major, minor, arch):
+        # Looking at the application support for macOS versions in the chart
+        # provided by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS_X#Versions it appears
+        # our timeline looks roughly like:
+        #
+        # 10.0 - Introduces ppc support.
+        # 10.4 - Introduces ppc64, i386, and x86_64 support, however the ppc64
+        #        and x86_64 support is CLI only, and cannot be used for GUI
+        #        applications.
+        # 10.5 - Extends ppc64 and x86_64 support to cover GUI applications.
+        # 10.6 - Drops support for ppc64
+        # 10.7 - Drops support for ppc
+        #
+        # Given that we do not know if we're installing a CLI or a GUI
+        # application, we must be conservative and assume it might be a GUI
+        # application and behave as if ppc64 and x86_64 support did not occur
+        # until 10.5.
+        #
+        # Note: The above information is taken from the "Application support"
+        #       column in the chart not the "Processor support" since I believe
+        #       that we care about what instruction sets an application can use
+        #       not which processors the OS supports.
+        if arch == 'ppc':
+            return (major, minor) <= (10, 5)
+        if arch == 'ppc64':
+            return (major, minor) == (10, 5)
+        if arch == 'i386':
+            return (major, minor) >= (10, 4)
+        if arch == 'x86_64':
+            return (major, minor) >= (10, 5)
+        if arch in groups:
+            for garch in groups[arch]:
+                if _supports_arch(major, minor, garch):
+                    return True
+        return False
+
+    groups = OrderedDict([
+        ("fat", ("i386", "ppc")),
+        ("intel", ("x86_64", "i386")),
+        ("fat64", ("x86_64", "ppc64")),
+        ("fat32", ("x86_64", "i386", "ppc")),
+    ])
+
+    if _supports_arch(major, minor, machine):
+        arches.append(machine)
+
+    for garch in groups:
+        if machine in groups[garch] and _supports_arch(major, minor, garch):
+            arches.append(garch)
+
+    arches.append('universal')
+
+    return arches
+
+
+def get_supported(versions=None, noarch=False, platform=None,
+                  impl=None, abi=None):
+    """Return a list of supported tags for each version specified in
+    `versions`.
+
+    :param versions: a list of string versions, of the form ["33", "32"],
+        or None. The first version will be assumed to support our ABI.
+    :param platform: specify the exact platform you want valid
+        tags for, or None. If None, use the local system platform.
+    :param impl: specify the exact implementation you want valid
+        tags for, or None. If None, use the local interpreter impl.
+    :param abi: specify the exact abi you want valid
+        tags for, or None. If None, use the local interpreter abi.
+    """
+    supported = []
+
+    # Versions must be given with respect to the preference
+    if versions is None:
+        versions = []
+        version_info = get_impl_version_info()
+        major = version_info[:-1]
+        # Support all previous minor Python versions.
+        for minor in range(version_info[-1], -1, -1):
+            versions.append(''.join(map(str, major + (minor,))))
+
+    impl = impl or get_abbr_impl()
+
+    abis = []
+
+    abi = abi or get_abi_tag()
+    if abi:
+        abis[0:0] = [abi]
+
+    abi3s = set()
+    for suffix in get_extension_suffixes():
+        if suffix.startswith('.abi'):
+            abi3s.add(suffix.split('.', 2)[1])
+
+    abis.extend(sorted(list(abi3s)))
+
+    abis.append('none')
+
+    if not noarch:
+        arch = platform or get_platform()
+        if arch.startswith('macosx'):
+            # support macosx-10.6-intel on macosx-10.9-x86_64
+            match = _osx_arch_pat.match(arch)
+            if match:
+                name, major, minor, actual_arch = match.groups()
+                tpl = '{}_{}_%i_%s'.format(name, major)
+                arches = []
+                for m in reversed(range(int(minor) + 1)):
+                    for a in get_darwin_arches(int(major), m, actual_arch):
+                        arches.append(tpl % (m, a))
+            else:
+                # arch pattern didn't match (?!)
+                arches = [arch]
+        elif platform is None and is_manylinux1_compatible():
+            arches = [arch.replace('linux', 'manylinux1'), arch]
+        else:
+            arches = [arch]
+
+        # Current version, current API (built specifically for our Python):
+        for abi in abis:
+            for arch in arches:
+                supported.append(('%s%s' % (impl, versions[0]), abi, arch))
+
+        # abi3 modules compatible with older version of Python
+        for version in versions[1:]:
+            # abi3 was introduced in Python 3.2
+            if version in {'31', '30'}:
+                break
+            for abi in abi3s:   # empty set if not Python 3
+                for arch in arches:
+                    supported.append(("%s%s" % (impl, version), abi, arch))
+
+        # Has binaries, does not use the Python API:
+        for arch in arches:
+            supported.append(('py%s' % (versions[0][0]), 'none', arch))
+
+    # No abi / arch, but requires our implementation:
+    supported.append(('%s%s' % (impl, versions[0]), 'none', 'any'))
+    # Tagged specifically as being cross-version compatible
+    # (with just the major version specified)
+    supported.append(('%s%s' % (impl, versions[0][0]), 'none', 'any'))
+
+    # No abi / arch, generic Python
+    for i, version in enumerate(versions):
+        supported.append(('py%s' % (version,), 'none', 'any'))
+        if i == 0:
+            supported.append(('py%s' % (version[0]), 'none', 'any'))
+
+    return supported
+
+
+implementation_tag = get_impl_tag()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/pyproject.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/pyproject.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f938a76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/pyproject.py
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import io
+import os
+
+from pip._vendor import pytoml, six
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+
+
+def _is_list_of_str(obj):
+    return (
+        isinstance(obj, list) and
+        all(isinstance(item, six.string_types) for item in obj)
+    )
+
+
+def load_pyproject_toml(use_pep517, pyproject_toml, setup_py, req_name):
+    """Load the pyproject.toml file.
+
+    Parameters:
+        use_pep517 - Has the user requested PEP 517 processing? None
+                     means the user hasn't explicitly specified.
+        pyproject_toml - Location of the project's pyproject.toml file
+        setup_py - Location of the project's setup.py file
+        req_name - The name of the requirement we're processing (for
+                   error reporting)
+
+    Returns:
+        None if we should use the legacy code path, otherwise a tuple
+        (
+            requirements from pyproject.toml,
+            name of PEP 517 backend,
+            requirements we should check are installed after setting
+                up the build environment
+        )
+    """
+    has_pyproject = os.path.isfile(pyproject_toml)
+    has_setup = os.path.isfile(setup_py)
+
+    if has_pyproject:
+        with io.open(pyproject_toml, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            pp_toml = pytoml.load(f)
+        build_system = pp_toml.get("build-system")
+    else:
+        build_system = None
+
+    # The following cases must use PEP 517
+    # We check for use_pep517 equalling False because that
+    # means the user explicitly requested --no-use-pep517
+    if has_pyproject and not has_setup:
+        if use_pep517 is False:
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Disabling PEP 517 processing is invalid: "
+                "project does not have a setup.py"
+            )
+        use_pep517 = True
+    elif build_system and "build-backend" in build_system:
+        if use_pep517 is False:
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Disabling PEP 517 processing is invalid: "
+                "project specifies a build backend of {} "
+                "in pyproject.toml".format(
+                    build_system["build-backend"]
+                )
+            )
+        use_pep517 = True
+
+    # If we haven't worked out whether to use PEP 517 yet,
+    # and the user hasn't explicitly stated a preference,
+    # we do so if the project has a pyproject.toml file.
+    elif use_pep517 is None:
+        use_pep517 = has_pyproject
+
+    # At this point, we know whether we're going to use PEP 517.
+    assert use_pep517 is not None
+
+    # If we're using the legacy code path, there is nothing further
+    # for us to do here.
+    if not use_pep517:
+        return None
+
+    if build_system is None:
+        # Either the user has a pyproject.toml with no build-system
+        # section, or the user has no pyproject.toml, but has opted in
+        # explicitly via --use-pep517.
+        # In the absence of any explicit backend specification, we
+        # assume the setuptools backend, and require wheel and a version
+        # of setuptools that supports that backend.
+        build_system = {
+            "requires": ["setuptools>=38.2.5", "wheel"],
+            "build-backend": "setuptools.build_meta",
+        }
+
+    # If we're using PEP 517, we have build system information (either
+    # from pyproject.toml, or defaulted by the code above).
+    # Note that at this point, we do not know if the user has actually
+    # specified a backend, though.
+    assert build_system is not None
+
+    # Ensure that the build-system section in pyproject.toml conforms
+    # to PEP 518.
+    error_template = (
+        "{package} has a pyproject.toml file that does not comply "
+        "with PEP 518: {reason}"
+    )
+
+    # Specifying the build-system table but not the requires key is invalid
+    if "requires" not in build_system:
+        raise InstallationError(
+            error_template.format(package=req_name, reason=(
+                "it has a 'build-system' table but not "
+                "'build-system.requires' which is mandatory in the table"
+            ))
+        )
+
+    # Error out if requires is not a list of strings
+    requires = build_system["requires"]
+    if not _is_list_of_str(requires):
+        raise InstallationError(error_template.format(
+            package=req_name,
+            reason="'build-system.requires' is not a list of strings.",
+        ))
+
+    backend = build_system.get("build-backend")
+    check = []
+    if backend is None:
+        # If the user didn't specify a backend, we assume they want to use
+        # the setuptools backend. But we can't be sure they have included
+        # a version of setuptools which supplies the backend, or wheel
+        # (which is neede by the backend) in their requirements. So we
+        # make a note to check that those requirements are present once
+        # we have set up the environment.
+        # TODO: Review this - it's quite a lot of work to check for a very
+        # specific case. The problem is, that case is potentially quite
+        # common - projects that adopted PEP 518 early for the ability to
+        # specify requirements to execute setup.py, but never considered
+        # needing to mention the build tools themselves. The original PEP
+        # 518 code had a similar check (but implemented in a different
+        # way).
+        backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+        check = ["setuptools>=38.2.5", "wheel"]
+
+    return (requires, backend, check)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b270498
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+
+from .req_install import InstallRequirement
+from .req_set import RequirementSet
+from .req_file import parse_requirements
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "RequirementSet", "InstallRequirement",
+    "parse_requirements", "install_given_reqs",
+]
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def install_given_reqs(to_install, install_options, global_options=(),
+                       *args, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Install everything in the given list.
+
+    (to be called after having downloaded and unpacked the packages)
+    """
+
+    if to_install:
+        logger.info(
+            'Installing collected packages: %s',
+            ', '.join([req.name for req in to_install]),
+        )
+
+    with indent_log():
+        for requirement in to_install:
+            if requirement.conflicts_with:
+                logger.info(
+                    'Found existing installation: %s',
+                    requirement.conflicts_with,
+                )
+                with indent_log():
+                    uninstalled_pathset = requirement.uninstall(
+                        auto_confirm=True
+                    )
+            try:
+                requirement.install(
+                    install_options,
+                    global_options,
+                    *args,
+                    **kwargs
+                )
+            except Exception:
+                should_rollback = (
+                    requirement.conflicts_with and
+                    not requirement.install_succeeded
+                )
+                # if install did not succeed, rollback previous uninstall
+                if should_rollback:
+                    uninstalled_pathset.rollback()
+                raise
+            else:
+                should_commit = (
+                    requirement.conflicts_with and
+                    requirement.install_succeeded
+                )
+                if should_commit:
+                    uninstalled_pathset.commit()
+            requirement.remove_temporary_source()
+
+    return to_install
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/constructors.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/constructors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c4641d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/constructors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+"""Backing implementation for InstallRequirement's various constructors
+
+The idea here is that these formed a major chunk of InstallRequirement's size
+so, moving them and support code dedicated to them outside of that class
+helps creates for better understandability for the rest of the code.
+
+These are meant to be used elsewhere within pip to create instances of
+InstallRequirement.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import traceback
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.markers import Marker
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import InvalidRequirement, Requirement
+from pip._vendor.packaging.specifiers import Specifier
+from pip._vendor.pkg_resources import RequirementParseError, parse_requirements
+
+from pip._internal.download import (
+    is_archive_file, is_url, path_to_url, url_to_path,
+)
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.models.index import PyPI, TestPyPI
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import is_installable_dir
+from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+from pip._internal.wheel import Wheel
+
+__all__ = [
+    "install_req_from_editable", "install_req_from_line",
+    "parse_editable"
+]
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+operators = Specifier._operators.keys()
+
+
+def _strip_extras(path):
+    m = re.match(r'^(.+)(\[[^\]]+\])$', path)
+    extras = None
+    if m:
+        path_no_extras = m.group(1)
+        extras = m.group(2)
+    else:
+        path_no_extras = path
+
+    return path_no_extras, extras
+
+
+def parse_editable(editable_req):
+    """Parses an editable requirement into:
+        - a requirement name
+        - an URL
+        - extras
+        - editable options
+    Accepted requirements:
+        svn+http://blahblah@rev#egg=Foobar[baz]&subdirectory=version_subdir
+        .[some_extra]
+    """
+
+    url = editable_req
+
+    # If a file path is specified with extras, strip off the extras.
+    url_no_extras, extras = _strip_extras(url)
+
+    if os.path.isdir(url_no_extras):
+        if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(url_no_extras, 'setup.py')):
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Directory %r is not installable. File 'setup.py' not found." %
+                url_no_extras
+            )
+        # Treating it as code that has already been checked out
+        url_no_extras = path_to_url(url_no_extras)
+
+    if url_no_extras.lower().startswith('file:'):
+        package_name = Link(url_no_extras).egg_fragment
+        if extras:
+            return (
+                package_name,
+                url_no_extras,
+                Requirement("placeholder" + extras.lower()).extras,
+            )
+        else:
+            return package_name, url_no_extras, None
+
+    for version_control in vcs:
+        if url.lower().startswith('%s:' % version_control):
+            url = '%s+%s' % (version_control, url)
+            break
+
+    if '+' not in url:
+        raise InstallationError(
+            '%s should either be a path to a local project or a VCS url '
+            'beginning with svn+, git+, hg+, or bzr+' %
+            editable_req
+        )
+
+    vc_type = url.split('+', 1)[0].lower()
+
+    if not vcs.get_backend(vc_type):
+        error_message = 'For --editable=%s only ' % editable_req + \
+            ', '.join([backend.name + '+URL' for backend in vcs.backends]) + \
+            ' is currently supported'
+        raise InstallationError(error_message)
+
+    package_name = Link(url).egg_fragment
+    if not package_name:
+        raise InstallationError(
+            "Could not detect requirement name for '%s', please specify one "
+            "with #egg=your_package_name" % editable_req
+        )
+    return package_name, url, None
+
+
+def deduce_helpful_msg(req):
+    """Returns helpful msg in case requirements file does not exist,
+    or cannot be parsed.
+
+    :params req: Requirements file path
+    """
+    msg = ""
+    if os.path.exists(req):
+        msg = " It does exist."
+        # Try to parse and check if it is a requirements file.
+        try:
+            with open(req, 'r') as fp:
+                # parse first line only
+                next(parse_requirements(fp.read()))
+                msg += " The argument you provided " + \
+                    "(%s) appears to be a" % (req) + \
+                    " requirements file. If that is the" + \
+                    " case, use the '-r' flag to install" + \
+                    " the packages specified within it."
+        except RequirementParseError:
+            logger.debug("Cannot parse '%s' as requirements \
+            file" % (req), exc_info=1)
+    else:
+        msg += " File '%s' does not exist." % (req)
+    return msg
+
+
+# ---- The actual constructors follow ----
+
+
+def install_req_from_editable(
+    editable_req, comes_from=None, isolated=False, options=None,
+    wheel_cache=None, constraint=False
+):
+    name, url, extras_override = parse_editable(editable_req)
+    if url.startswith('file:'):
+        source_dir = url_to_path(url)
+    else:
+        source_dir = None
+
+    if name is not None:
+        try:
+            req = Requirement(name)
+        except InvalidRequirement:
+            raise InstallationError("Invalid requirement: '%s'" % name)
+    else:
+        req = None
+    return InstallRequirement(
+        req, comes_from, source_dir=source_dir,
+        editable=True,
+        link=Link(url),
+        constraint=constraint,
+        isolated=isolated,
+        options=options if options else {},
+        wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+        extras=extras_override or (),
+    )
+
+
+def install_req_from_line(
+    name, comes_from=None, isolated=False, options=None, wheel_cache=None,
+    constraint=False
+):
+    """Creates an InstallRequirement from a name, which might be a
+    requirement, directory containing 'setup.py', filename, or URL.
+    """
+    if is_url(name):
+        marker_sep = '; '
+    else:
+        marker_sep = ';'
+    if marker_sep in name:
+        name, markers = name.split(marker_sep, 1)
+        markers = markers.strip()
+        if not markers:
+            markers = None
+        else:
+            markers = Marker(markers)
+    else:
+        markers = None
+    name = name.strip()
+    req = None
+    path = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(name))
+    link = None
+    extras = None
+
+    if is_url(name):
+        link = Link(name)
+    else:
+        p, extras = _strip_extras(path)
+        looks_like_dir = os.path.isdir(p) and (
+            os.path.sep in name or
+            (os.path.altsep is not None and os.path.altsep in name) or
+            name.startswith('.')
+        )
+        if looks_like_dir:
+            if not is_installable_dir(p):
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    "Directory %r is not installable. Neither 'setup.py' "
+                    "nor 'pyproject.toml' found." % name
+                )
+            link = Link(path_to_url(p))
+        elif is_archive_file(p):
+            if not os.path.isfile(p):
+                logger.warning(
+                    'Requirement %r looks like a filename, but the '
+                    'file does not exist',
+                    name
+                )
+            link = Link(path_to_url(p))
+
+    # it's a local file, dir, or url
+    if link:
+        # Handle relative file URLs
+        if link.scheme == 'file' and re.search(r'\.\./', link.url):
+            link = Link(
+                path_to_url(os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(link.path))))
+        # wheel file
+        if link.is_wheel:
+            wheel = Wheel(link.filename)  # can raise InvalidWheelFilename
+            req = "%s==%s" % (wheel.name, wheel.version)
+        else:
+            # set the req to the egg fragment.  when it's not there, this
+            # will become an 'unnamed' requirement
+            req = link.egg_fragment
+
+    # a requirement specifier
+    else:
+        req = name
+
+    if extras:
+        extras = Requirement("placeholder" + extras.lower()).extras
+    else:
+        extras = ()
+    if req is not None:
+        try:
+            req = Requirement(req)
+        except InvalidRequirement:
+            if os.path.sep in req:
+                add_msg = "It looks like a path."
+                add_msg += deduce_helpful_msg(req)
+            elif '=' in req and not any(op in req for op in operators):
+                add_msg = "= is not a valid operator. Did you mean == ?"
+            else:
+                add_msg = traceback.format_exc()
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Invalid requirement: '%s'\n%s" % (req, add_msg)
+            )
+
+    return InstallRequirement(
+        req, comes_from, link=link, markers=markers,
+        isolated=isolated,
+        options=options if options else {},
+        wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
+        constraint=constraint,
+        extras=extras,
+    )
+
+
+def install_req_from_req(
+    req, comes_from=None, isolated=False, wheel_cache=None
+):
+    try:
+        req = Requirement(req)
+    except InvalidRequirement:
+        raise InstallationError("Invalid requirement: '%s'" % req)
+
+    domains_not_allowed = [
+        PyPI.file_storage_domain,
+        TestPyPI.file_storage_domain,
+    ]
+    if req.url and comes_from.link.netloc in domains_not_allowed:
+        # Explicitly disallow pypi packages that depend on external urls
+        raise InstallationError(
+            "Packages installed from PyPI cannot depend on packages "
+            "which are not also hosted on PyPI.\n"
+            "%s depends on %s " % (comes_from.name, req)
+        )
+
+    return InstallRequirement(
+        req, comes_from, isolated=isolated, wheel_cache=wheel_cache
+    )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_file.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_file.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7acf7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_file.py
@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+"""
+Requirements file parsing
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import optparse
+import os
+import re
+import shlex
+import sys
+
+from pip._vendor.six.moves import filterfalse
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import parse as urllib_parse
+
+from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
+from pip._internal.download import get_file_content
+from pip._internal.exceptions import RequirementsFileParseError
+from pip._internal.req.constructors import (
+    install_req_from_editable, install_req_from_line,
+)
+
+__all__ = ['parse_requirements']
+
+SCHEME_RE = re.compile(r'^(http|https|file):', re.I)
+COMMENT_RE = re.compile(r'(^|\s)+#.*$')
+
+# Matches environment variable-style values in '${MY_VARIABLE_1}' with the
+# variable name consisting of only uppercase letters, digits or the '_'
+# (underscore). This follows the POSIX standard defined in IEEE Std 1003.1,
+# 2013 Edition.
+ENV_VAR_RE = re.compile(r'(?P<var>\$\{(?P<name>[A-Z0-9_]+)\})')
+
+SUPPORTED_OPTIONS = [
+    cmdoptions.constraints,
+    cmdoptions.editable,
+    cmdoptions.requirements,
+    cmdoptions.no_index,
+    cmdoptions.index_url,
+    cmdoptions.find_links,
+    cmdoptions.extra_index_url,
+    cmdoptions.always_unzip,
+    cmdoptions.no_binary,
+    cmdoptions.only_binary,
+    cmdoptions.pre,
+    cmdoptions.process_dependency_links,
+    cmdoptions.trusted_host,
+    cmdoptions.require_hashes,
+]
+
+# options to be passed to requirements
+SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ = [
+    cmdoptions.install_options,
+    cmdoptions.global_options,
+    cmdoptions.hash,
+]
+
+# the 'dest' string values
+SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ_DEST = [o().dest for o in SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ]
+
+
+def parse_requirements(filename, finder=None, comes_from=None, options=None,
+                       session=None, constraint=False, wheel_cache=None):
+    """Parse a requirements file and yield InstallRequirement instances.
+
+    :param filename:    Path or url of requirements file.
+    :param finder:      Instance of pip.index.PackageFinder.
+    :param comes_from:  Origin description of requirements.
+    :param options:     cli options.
+    :param session:     Instance of pip.download.PipSession.
+    :param constraint:  If true, parsing a constraint file rather than
+        requirements file.
+    :param wheel_cache: Instance of pip.wheel.WheelCache
+    """
+    if session is None:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "parse_requirements() missing 1 required keyword argument: "
+            "'session'"
+        )
+
+    _, content = get_file_content(
+        filename, comes_from=comes_from, session=session
+    )
+
+    lines_enum = preprocess(content, options)
+
+    for line_number, line in lines_enum:
+        req_iter = process_line(line, filename, line_number, finder,
+                                comes_from, options, session, wheel_cache,
+                                constraint=constraint)
+        for req in req_iter:
+            yield req
+
+
+def preprocess(content, options):
+    """Split, filter, and join lines, and return a line iterator
+
+    :param content: the content of the requirements file
+    :param options: cli options
+    """
+    lines_enum = enumerate(content.splitlines(), start=1)
+    lines_enum = join_lines(lines_enum)
+    lines_enum = ignore_comments(lines_enum)
+    lines_enum = skip_regex(lines_enum, options)
+    lines_enum = expand_env_variables(lines_enum)
+    return lines_enum
+
+
+def process_line(line, filename, line_number, finder=None, comes_from=None,
+                 options=None, session=None, wheel_cache=None,
+                 constraint=False):
+    """Process a single requirements line; This can result in creating/yielding
+    requirements, or updating the finder.
+
+    For lines that contain requirements, the only options that have an effect
+    are from SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ, and they are scoped to the
+    requirement. Other options from SUPPORTED_OPTIONS may be present, but are
+    ignored.
+
+    For lines that do not contain requirements, the only options that have an
+    effect are from SUPPORTED_OPTIONS. Options from SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ may
+    be present, but are ignored. These lines may contain multiple options
+    (although our docs imply only one is supported), and all our parsed and
+    affect the finder.
+
+    :param constraint: If True, parsing a constraints file.
+    :param options: OptionParser options that we may update
+    """
+    parser = build_parser(line)
+    defaults = parser.get_default_values()
+    defaults.index_url = None
+    if finder:
+        # `finder.format_control` will be updated during parsing
+        defaults.format_control = finder.format_control
+    args_str, options_str = break_args_options(line)
+    if sys.version_info < (2, 7, 3):
+        # Prior to 2.7.3, shlex cannot deal with unicode entries
+        options_str = options_str.encode('utf8')
+    opts, _ = parser.parse_args(shlex.split(options_str), defaults)
+
+    # preserve for the nested code path
+    line_comes_from = '%s %s (line %s)' % (
+        '-c' if constraint else '-r', filename, line_number,
+    )
+
+    # yield a line requirement
+    if args_str:
+        isolated = options.isolated_mode if options else False
+        if options:
+            cmdoptions.check_install_build_global(options, opts)
+        # get the options that apply to requirements
+        req_options = {}
+        for dest in SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ_DEST:
+            if dest in opts.__dict__ and opts.__dict__[dest]:
+                req_options[dest] = opts.__dict__[dest]
+        yield install_req_from_line(
+            args_str, line_comes_from, constraint=constraint,
+            isolated=isolated, options=req_options, wheel_cache=wheel_cache
+        )
+
+    # yield an editable requirement
+    elif opts.editables:
+        isolated = options.isolated_mode if options else False
+        yield install_req_from_editable(
+            opts.editables[0], comes_from=line_comes_from,
+            constraint=constraint, isolated=isolated, wheel_cache=wheel_cache
+        )
+
+    # parse a nested requirements file
+    elif opts.requirements or opts.constraints:
+        if opts.requirements:
+            req_path = opts.requirements[0]
+            nested_constraint = False
+        else:
+            req_path = opts.constraints[0]
+            nested_constraint = True
+        # original file is over http
+        if SCHEME_RE.search(filename):
+            # do a url join so relative paths work
+            req_path = urllib_parse.urljoin(filename, req_path)
+        # original file and nested file are paths
+        elif not SCHEME_RE.search(req_path):
+            # do a join so relative paths work
+            req_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(filename), req_path)
+        # TODO: Why not use `comes_from='-r {} (line {})'` here as well?
+        parser = parse_requirements(
+            req_path, finder, comes_from, options, session,
+            constraint=nested_constraint, wheel_cache=wheel_cache
+        )
+        for req in parser:
+            yield req
+
+    # percolate hash-checking option upward
+    elif opts.require_hashes:
+        options.require_hashes = opts.require_hashes
+
+    # set finder options
+    elif finder:
+        if opts.index_url:
+            finder.index_urls = [opts.index_url]
+        if opts.no_index is True:
+            finder.index_urls = []
+        if opts.extra_index_urls:
+            finder.index_urls.extend(opts.extra_index_urls)
+        if opts.find_links:
+            # FIXME: it would be nice to keep track of the source
+            # of the find_links: support a find-links local path
+            # relative to a requirements file.
+            value = opts.find_links[0]
+            req_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(filename))
+            relative_to_reqs_file = os.path.join(req_dir, value)
+            if os.path.exists(relative_to_reqs_file):
+                value = relative_to_reqs_file
+            finder.find_links.append(value)
+        if opts.pre:
+            finder.allow_all_prereleases = True
+        if opts.process_dependency_links:
+            finder.process_dependency_links = True
+        if opts.trusted_hosts:
+            finder.secure_origins.extend(
+                ("*", host, "*") for host in opts.trusted_hosts)
+
+
+def break_args_options(line):
+    """Break up the line into an args and options string.  We only want to shlex
+    (and then optparse) the options, not the args.  args can contain markers
+    which are corrupted by shlex.
+    """
+    tokens = line.split(' ')
+    args = []
+    options = tokens[:]
+    for token in tokens:
+        if token.startswith('-') or token.startswith('--'):
+            break
+        else:
+            args.append(token)
+            options.pop(0)
+    return ' '.join(args), ' '.join(options)
+
+
+def build_parser(line):
+    """
+    Return a parser for parsing requirement lines
+    """
+    parser = optparse.OptionParser(add_help_option=False)
+
+    option_factories = SUPPORTED_OPTIONS + SUPPORTED_OPTIONS_REQ
+    for option_factory in option_factories:
+        option = option_factory()
+        parser.add_option(option)
+
+    # By default optparse sys.exits on parsing errors. We want to wrap
+    # that in our own exception.
+    def parser_exit(self, msg):
+        # add offending line
+        msg = 'Invalid requirement: %s\n%s' % (line, msg)
+        raise RequirementsFileParseError(msg)
+    parser.exit = parser_exit
+
+    return parser
+
+
+def join_lines(lines_enum):
+    """Joins a line ending in '\' with the previous line (except when following
+    comments).  The joined line takes on the index of the first line.
+    """
+    primary_line_number = None
+    new_line = []
+    for line_number, line in lines_enum:
+        if not line.endswith('\\') or COMMENT_RE.match(line):
+            if COMMENT_RE.match(line):
+                # this ensures comments are always matched later
+                line = ' ' + line
+            if new_line:
+                new_line.append(line)
+                yield primary_line_number, ''.join(new_line)
+                new_line = []
+            else:
+                yield line_number, line
+        else:
+            if not new_line:
+                primary_line_number = line_number
+            new_line.append(line.strip('\\'))
+
+    # last line contains \
+    if new_line:
+        yield primary_line_number, ''.join(new_line)
+
+    # TODO: handle space after '\'.
+
+
+def ignore_comments(lines_enum):
+    """
+    Strips comments and filter empty lines.
+    """
+    for line_number, line in lines_enum:
+        line = COMMENT_RE.sub('', line)
+        line = line.strip()
+        if line:
+            yield line_number, line
+
+
+def skip_regex(lines_enum, options):
+    """
+    Skip lines that match '--skip-requirements-regex' pattern
+
+    Note: the regex pattern is only built once
+    """
+    skip_regex = options.skip_requirements_regex if options else None
+    if skip_regex:
+        pattern = re.compile(skip_regex)
+        lines_enum = filterfalse(lambda e: pattern.search(e[1]), lines_enum)
+    return lines_enum
+
+
+def expand_env_variables(lines_enum):
+    """Replace all environment variables that can be retrieved via `os.getenv`.
+
+    The only allowed format for environment variables defined in the
+    requirement file is `${MY_VARIABLE_1}` to ensure two things:
+
+    1. Strings that contain a `$` aren't accidentally (partially) expanded.
+    2. Ensure consistency across platforms for requirement files.
+
+    These points are the result of a discusssion on the `github pull
+    request #3514 <https://github.com/pypa/pip/pull/3514>`_.
+
+    Valid characters in variable names follow the `POSIX standard
+    <http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/>`_ and are limited
+    to uppercase letter, digits and the `_` (underscore).
+    """
+    for line_number, line in lines_enum:
+        for env_var, var_name in ENV_VAR_RE.findall(line):
+            value = os.getenv(var_name)
+            if not value:
+                continue
+
+            line = line.replace(env_var, value)
+
+        yield line_number, line
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_install.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_install.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2624fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,860 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+import zipfile
+from distutils.util import change_root
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources, six
+from pip._vendor.packaging.requirements import Requirement
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import Version
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+from pip._vendor.pep517.wrappers import Pep517HookCaller
+
+from pip._internal import wheel
+from pip._internal.build_env import NoOpBuildEnvironment
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.locations import (
+    PIP_DELETE_MARKER_FILENAME, running_under_virtualenv,
+)
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.pyproject import load_pyproject_toml
+from pip._internal.req.req_uninstall import UninstallPathSet
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import native_str
+from pip._internal.utils.hashes import Hashes
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    _make_build_dir, ask_path_exists, backup_dir, call_subprocess,
+    display_path, dist_in_site_packages, dist_in_usersite, ensure_dir,
+    get_installed_version, rmtree,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.packaging import get_metadata
+from pip._internal.utils.setuptools_build import SETUPTOOLS_SHIM
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.utils.ui import open_spinner
+from pip._internal.vcs import vcs
+from pip._internal.wheel import move_wheel_files
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class InstallRequirement(object):
+    """
+    Represents something that may be installed later on, may have information
+    about where to fetch the relavant requirement and also contains logic for
+    installing the said requirement.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, req, comes_from, source_dir=None, editable=False,
+                 link=None, update=True, markers=None,
+                 isolated=False, options=None, wheel_cache=None,
+                 constraint=False, extras=()):
+        assert req is None or isinstance(req, Requirement), req
+        self.req = req
+        self.comes_from = comes_from
+        self.constraint = constraint
+        if source_dir is not None:
+            self.source_dir = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(source_dir))
+        else:
+            self.source_dir = None
+        self.editable = editable
+
+        self._wheel_cache = wheel_cache
+        if link is not None:
+            self.link = self.original_link = link
+        else:
+            self.link = self.original_link = req and req.url and Link(req.url)
+
+        if extras:
+            self.extras = extras
+        elif req:
+            self.extras = {
+                pkg_resources.safe_extra(extra) for extra in req.extras
+            }
+        else:
+            self.extras = set()
+        if markers is not None:
+            self.markers = markers
+        else:
+            self.markers = req and req.marker
+        self._egg_info_path = None
+        # This holds the pkg_resources.Distribution object if this requirement
+        # is already available:
+        self.satisfied_by = None
+        # This hold the pkg_resources.Distribution object if this requirement
+        # conflicts with another installed distribution:
+        self.conflicts_with = None
+        # Temporary build location
+        self._temp_build_dir = TempDirectory(kind="req-build")
+        # Used to store the global directory where the _temp_build_dir should
+        # have been created. Cf _correct_build_location method.
+        self._ideal_build_dir = None
+        # True if the editable should be updated:
+        self.update = update
+        # Set to True after successful installation
+        self.install_succeeded = None
+        # UninstallPathSet of uninstalled distribution (for possible rollback)
+        self.uninstalled_pathset = None
+        self.options = options if options else {}
+        # Set to True after successful preparation of this requirement
+        self.prepared = False
+        self.is_direct = False
+
+        self.isolated = isolated
+        self.build_env = NoOpBuildEnvironment()
+
+        # The static build requirements (from pyproject.toml)
+        self.pyproject_requires = None
+
+        # Build requirements that we will check are available
+        # TODO: We don't do this for --no-build-isolation. Should we?
+        self.requirements_to_check = []
+
+        # The PEP 517 backend we should use to build the project
+        self.pep517_backend = None
+
+        # Are we using PEP 517 for this requirement?
+        # After pyproject.toml has been loaded, the only valid values are True
+        # and False. Before loading, None is valid (meaning "use the default").
+        # Setting an explicit value before loading pyproject.toml is supported,
+        # but after loading this flag should be treated as read only.
+        self.use_pep517 = None
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.req:
+            s = str(self.req)
+            if self.link:
+                s += ' from %s' % self.link.url
+        elif self.link:
+            s = self.link.url
+        else:
+            s = '<InstallRequirement>'
+        if self.satisfied_by is not None:
+            s += ' in %s' % display_path(self.satisfied_by.location)
+        if self.comes_from:
+            if isinstance(self.comes_from, six.string_types):
+                comes_from = self.comes_from
+            else:
+                comes_from = self.comes_from.from_path()
+            if comes_from:
+                s += ' (from %s)' % comes_from
+        return s
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<%s object: %s editable=%r>' % (
+            self.__class__.__name__, str(self), self.editable)
+
+    def populate_link(self, finder, upgrade, require_hashes):
+        """Ensure that if a link can be found for this, that it is found.
+
+        Note that self.link may still be None - if Upgrade is False and the
+        requirement is already installed.
+
+        If require_hashes is True, don't use the wheel cache, because cached
+        wheels, always built locally, have different hashes than the files
+        downloaded from the index server and thus throw false hash mismatches.
+        Furthermore, cached wheels at present have undeterministic contents due
+        to file modification times.
+        """
+        if self.link is None:
+            self.link = finder.find_requirement(self, upgrade)
+        if self._wheel_cache is not None and not require_hashes:
+            old_link = self.link
+            self.link = self._wheel_cache.get(self.link, self.name)
+            if old_link != self.link:
+                logger.debug('Using cached wheel link: %s', self.link)
+
+    # Things that are valid for all kinds of requirements?
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        if self.req is None:
+            return None
+        return native_str(pkg_resources.safe_name(self.req.name))
+
+    @property
+    def specifier(self):
+        return self.req.specifier
+
+    @property
+    def is_pinned(self):
+        """Return whether I am pinned to an exact version.
+
+        For example, some-package==1.2 is pinned; some-package>1.2 is not.
+        """
+        specifiers = self.specifier
+        return (len(specifiers) == 1 and
+                next(iter(specifiers)).operator in {'==', '==='})
+
+    @property
+    def installed_version(self):
+        return get_installed_version(self.name)
+
+    def match_markers(self, extras_requested=None):
+        if not extras_requested:
+            # Provide an extra to safely evaluate the markers
+            # without matching any extra
+            extras_requested = ('',)
+        if self.markers is not None:
+            return any(
+                self.markers.evaluate({'extra': extra})
+                for extra in extras_requested)
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    @property
+    def has_hash_options(self):
+        """Return whether any known-good hashes are specified as options.
+
+        These activate --require-hashes mode; hashes specified as part of a
+        URL do not.
+
+        """
+        return bool(self.options.get('hashes', {}))
+
+    def hashes(self, trust_internet=True):
+        """Return a hash-comparer that considers my option- and URL-based
+        hashes to be known-good.
+
+        Hashes in URLs--ones embedded in the requirements file, not ones
+        downloaded from an index server--are almost peers with ones from
+        flags. They satisfy --require-hashes (whether it was implicitly or
+        explicitly activated) but do not activate it. md5 and sha224 are not
+        allowed in flags, which should nudge people toward good algos. We
+        always OR all hashes together, even ones from URLs.
+
+        :param trust_internet: Whether to trust URL-based (#md5=...) hashes
+            downloaded from the internet, as by populate_link()
+
+        """
+        good_hashes = self.options.get('hashes', {}).copy()
+        link = self.link if trust_internet else self.original_link
+        if link and link.hash:
+            good_hashes.setdefault(link.hash_name, []).append(link.hash)
+        return Hashes(good_hashes)
+
+    def from_path(self):
+        """Format a nice indicator to show where this "comes from"
+        """
+        if self.req is None:
+            return None
+        s = str(self.req)
+        if self.comes_from:
+            if isinstance(self.comes_from, six.string_types):
+                comes_from = self.comes_from
+            else:
+                comes_from = self.comes_from.from_path()
+            if comes_from:
+                s += '->' + comes_from
+        return s
+
+    def build_location(self, build_dir):
+        assert build_dir is not None
+        if self._temp_build_dir.path is not None:
+            return self._temp_build_dir.path
+        if self.req is None:
+            # for requirement via a path to a directory: the name of the
+            # package is not available yet so we create a temp directory
+            # Once run_egg_info will have run, we'll be able
+            # to fix it via _correct_build_location
+            # Some systems have /tmp as a symlink which confuses custom
+            # builds (such as numpy). Thus, we ensure that the real path
+            # is returned.
+            self._temp_build_dir.create()
+            self._ideal_build_dir = build_dir
+
+            return self._temp_build_dir.path
+        if self.editable:
+            name = self.name.lower()
+        else:
+            name = self.name
+        # FIXME: Is there a better place to create the build_dir? (hg and bzr
+        # need this)
+        if not os.path.exists(build_dir):
+            logger.debug('Creating directory %s', build_dir)
+            _make_build_dir(build_dir)
+        return os.path.join(build_dir, name)
+
+    def _correct_build_location(self):
+        """Move self._temp_build_dir to self._ideal_build_dir/self.req.name
+
+        For some requirements (e.g. a path to a directory), the name of the
+        package is not available until we run egg_info, so the build_location
+        will return a temporary directory and store the _ideal_build_dir.
+
+        This is only called by self.run_egg_info to fix the temporary build
+        directory.
+        """
+        if self.source_dir is not None:
+            return
+        assert self.req is not None
+        assert self._temp_build_dir.path
+        assert self._ideal_build_dir.path
+        old_location = self._temp_build_dir.path
+        self._temp_build_dir.path = None
+
+        new_location = self.build_location(self._ideal_build_dir)
+        if os.path.exists(new_location):
+            raise InstallationError(
+                'A package already exists in %s; please remove it to continue'
+                % display_path(new_location))
+        logger.debug(
+            'Moving package %s from %s to new location %s',
+            self, display_path(old_location), display_path(new_location),
+        )
+        shutil.move(old_location, new_location)
+        self._temp_build_dir.path = new_location
+        self._ideal_build_dir = None
+        self.source_dir = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(new_location))
+        self._egg_info_path = None
+
+    def remove_temporary_source(self):
+        """Remove the source files from this requirement, if they are marked
+        for deletion"""
+        if self.source_dir and os.path.exists(
+                os.path.join(self.source_dir, PIP_DELETE_MARKER_FILENAME)):
+            logger.debug('Removing source in %s', self.source_dir)
+            rmtree(self.source_dir)
+        self.source_dir = None
+        self._temp_build_dir.cleanup()
+        self.build_env.cleanup()
+
+    def check_if_exists(self, use_user_site):
+        """Find an installed distribution that satisfies or conflicts
+        with this requirement, and set self.satisfied_by or
+        self.conflicts_with appropriately.
+        """
+        if self.req is None:
+            return False
+        try:
+            # get_distribution() will resolve the entire list of requirements
+            # anyway, and we've already determined that we need the requirement
+            # in question, so strip the marker so that we don't try to
+            # evaluate it.
+            no_marker = Requirement(str(self.req))
+            no_marker.marker = None
+            self.satisfied_by = pkg_resources.get_distribution(str(no_marker))
+            if self.editable and self.satisfied_by:
+                self.conflicts_with = self.satisfied_by
+                # when installing editables, nothing pre-existing should ever
+                # satisfy
+                self.satisfied_by = None
+                return True
+        except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
+            return False
+        except pkg_resources.VersionConflict:
+            existing_dist = pkg_resources.get_distribution(
+                self.req.name
+            )
+            if use_user_site:
+                if dist_in_usersite(existing_dist):
+                    self.conflicts_with = existing_dist
+                elif (running_under_virtualenv() and
+                        dist_in_site_packages(existing_dist)):
+                    raise InstallationError(
+                        "Will not install to the user site because it will "
+                        "lack sys.path precedence to %s in %s" %
+                        (existing_dist.project_name, existing_dist.location)
+                    )
+            else:
+                self.conflicts_with = existing_dist
+        return True
+
+    # Things valid for wheels
+    @property
+    def is_wheel(self):
+        return self.link and self.link.is_wheel
+
+    def move_wheel_files(self, wheeldir, root=None, home=None, prefix=None,
+                         warn_script_location=True, use_user_site=False,
+                         pycompile=True):
+        move_wheel_files(
+            self.name, self.req, wheeldir,
+            user=use_user_site,
+            home=home,
+            root=root,
+            prefix=prefix,
+            pycompile=pycompile,
+            isolated=self.isolated,
+            warn_script_location=warn_script_location,
+        )
+
+    # Things valid for sdists
+    @property
+    def setup_py_dir(self):
+        return os.path.join(
+            self.source_dir,
+            self.link and self.link.subdirectory_fragment or '')
+
+    @property
+    def setup_py(self):
+        assert self.source_dir, "No source dir for %s" % self
+
+        setup_py = os.path.join(self.setup_py_dir, 'setup.py')
+
+        # Python2 __file__ should not be unicode
+        if six.PY2 and isinstance(setup_py, six.text_type):
+            setup_py = setup_py.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+
+        return setup_py
+
+    @property
+    def pyproject_toml(self):
+        assert self.source_dir, "No source dir for %s" % self
+
+        pp_toml = os.path.join(self.setup_py_dir, 'pyproject.toml')
+
+        # Python2 __file__ should not be unicode
+        if six.PY2 and isinstance(pp_toml, six.text_type):
+            pp_toml = pp_toml.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+
+        return pp_toml
+
+    def load_pyproject_toml(self):
+        """Load the pyproject.toml file.
+
+        After calling this routine, all of the attributes related to PEP 517
+        processing for this requirement have been set. In particular, the
+        use_pep517 attribute can be used to determine whether we should
+        follow the PEP 517 or legacy (setup.py) code path.
+        """
+        pep517_data = load_pyproject_toml(
+            self.use_pep517,
+            self.pyproject_toml,
+            self.setup_py,
+            str(self)
+        )
+
+        if pep517_data is None:
+            self.use_pep517 = False
+        else:
+            self.use_pep517 = True
+            requires, backend, check = pep517_data
+            self.requirements_to_check = check
+            self.pyproject_requires = requires
+            self.pep517_backend = Pep517HookCaller(self.setup_py_dir, backend)
+
+    def run_egg_info(self):
+        assert self.source_dir
+        if self.name:
+            logger.debug(
+                'Running setup.py (path:%s) egg_info for package %s',
+                self.setup_py, self.name,
+            )
+        else:
+            logger.debug(
+                'Running setup.py (path:%s) egg_info for package from %s',
+                self.setup_py, self.link,
+            )
+
+        with indent_log():
+            script = SETUPTOOLS_SHIM % self.setup_py
+            base_cmd = [sys.executable, '-c', script]
+            if self.isolated:
+                base_cmd += ["--no-user-cfg"]
+            egg_info_cmd = base_cmd + ['egg_info']
+            # We can't put the .egg-info files at the root, because then the
+            # source code will be mistaken for an installed egg, causing
+            # problems
+            if self.editable:
+                egg_base_option = []
+            else:
+                egg_info_dir = os.path.join(self.setup_py_dir, 'pip-egg-info')
+                ensure_dir(egg_info_dir)
+                egg_base_option = ['--egg-base', 'pip-egg-info']
+            with self.build_env:
+                call_subprocess(
+                    egg_info_cmd + egg_base_option,
+                    cwd=self.setup_py_dir,
+                    show_stdout=False,
+                    command_desc='python setup.py egg_info')
+
+        if not self.req:
+            if isinstance(parse_version(self.metadata["Version"]), Version):
+                op = "=="
+            else:
+                op = "==="
+            self.req = Requirement(
+                "".join([
+                    self.metadata["Name"],
+                    op,
+                    self.metadata["Version"],
+                ])
+            )
+            self._correct_build_location()
+        else:
+            metadata_name = canonicalize_name(self.metadata["Name"])
+            if canonicalize_name(self.req.name) != metadata_name:
+                logger.warning(
+                    'Running setup.py (path:%s) egg_info for package %s '
+                    'produced metadata for project name %s. Fix your '
+                    '#egg=%s fragments.',
+                    self.setup_py, self.name, metadata_name, self.name
+                )
+                self.req = Requirement(metadata_name)
+
+    @property
+    def egg_info_path(self):
+        if self._egg_info_path is None:
+            if self.editable:
+                base = self.source_dir
+            else:
+                base = os.path.join(self.setup_py_dir, 'pip-egg-info')
+            filenames = os.listdir(base)
+            if self.editable:
+                filenames = []
+                for root, dirs, files in os.walk(base):
+                    for dir in vcs.dirnames:
+                        if dir in dirs:
+                            dirs.remove(dir)
+                    # Iterate over a copy of ``dirs``, since mutating
+                    # a list while iterating over it can cause trouble.
+                    # (See https://github.com/pypa/pip/pull/462.)
+                    for dir in list(dirs):
+                        # Don't search in anything that looks like a virtualenv
+                        # environment
+                        if (
+                                os.path.lexists(
+                                    os.path.join(root, dir, 'bin', 'python')
+                                ) or
+                                os.path.exists(
+                                    os.path.join(
+                                        root, dir, 'Scripts', 'Python.exe'
+                                    )
+                                )):
+                            dirs.remove(dir)
+                        # Also don't search through tests
+                        elif dir == 'test' or dir == 'tests':
+                            dirs.remove(dir)
+                    filenames.extend([os.path.join(root, dir)
+                                      for dir in dirs])
+                filenames = [f for f in filenames if f.endswith('.egg-info')]
+
+            if not filenames:
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    "Files/directories not found in %s" % base
+                )
+            # if we have more than one match, we pick the toplevel one.  This
+            # can easily be the case if there is a dist folder which contains
+            # an extracted tarball for testing purposes.
+            if len(filenames) > 1:
+                filenames.sort(
+                    key=lambda x: x.count(os.path.sep) +
+                    (os.path.altsep and x.count(os.path.altsep) or 0)
+                )
+            self._egg_info_path = os.path.join(base, filenames[0])
+        return self._egg_info_path
+
+    @property
+    def metadata(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, '_metadata'):
+            self._metadata = get_metadata(self.get_dist())
+
+        return self._metadata
+
+    def get_dist(self):
+        """Return a pkg_resources.Distribution built from self.egg_info_path"""
+        egg_info = self.egg_info_path.rstrip(os.path.sep)
+        base_dir = os.path.dirname(egg_info)
+        metadata = pkg_resources.PathMetadata(base_dir, egg_info)
+        dist_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(egg_info))[0]
+        return pkg_resources.Distribution(
+            os.path.dirname(egg_info),
+            project_name=dist_name,
+            metadata=metadata,
+        )
+
+    def assert_source_matches_version(self):
+        assert self.source_dir
+        version = self.metadata['version']
+        if self.req.specifier and version not in self.req.specifier:
+            logger.warning(
+                'Requested %s, but installing version %s',
+                self,
+                version,
+            )
+        else:
+            logger.debug(
+                'Source in %s has version %s, which satisfies requirement %s',
+                display_path(self.source_dir),
+                version,
+                self,
+            )
+
+    # For both source distributions and editables
+    def ensure_has_source_dir(self, parent_dir):
+        """Ensure that a source_dir is set.
+
+        This will create a temporary build dir if the name of the requirement
+        isn't known yet.
+
+        :param parent_dir: The ideal pip parent_dir for the source_dir.
+            Generally src_dir for editables and build_dir for sdists.
+        :return: self.source_dir
+        """
+        if self.source_dir is None:
+            self.source_dir = self.build_location(parent_dir)
+        return self.source_dir
+
+    # For editable installations
+    def install_editable(self, install_options,
+                         global_options=(), prefix=None):
+        logger.info('Running setup.py develop for %s', self.name)
+
+        if self.isolated:
+            global_options = list(global_options) + ["--no-user-cfg"]
+
+        if prefix:
+            prefix_param = ['--prefix={}'.format(prefix)]
+            install_options = list(install_options) + prefix_param
+
+        with indent_log():
+            # FIXME: should we do --install-headers here too?
+            with self.build_env:
+                call_subprocess(
+                    [
+                        sys.executable,
+                        '-c',
+                        SETUPTOOLS_SHIM % self.setup_py
+                    ] +
+                    list(global_options) +
+                    ['develop', '--no-deps'] +
+                    list(install_options),
+
+                    cwd=self.setup_py_dir,
+                    show_stdout=False,
+                )
+
+        self.install_succeeded = True
+
+    def update_editable(self, obtain=True):
+        if not self.link:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Cannot update repository at %s; repository location is "
+                "unknown",
+                self.source_dir,
+            )
+            return
+        assert self.editable
+        assert self.source_dir
+        if self.link.scheme == 'file':
+            # Static paths don't get updated
+            return
+        assert '+' in self.link.url, "bad url: %r" % self.link.url
+        if not self.update:
+            return
+        vc_type, url = self.link.url.split('+', 1)
+        backend = vcs.get_backend(vc_type)
+        if backend:
+            vcs_backend = backend(self.link.url)
+            if obtain:
+                vcs_backend.obtain(self.source_dir)
+            else:
+                vcs_backend.export(self.source_dir)
+        else:
+            assert 0, (
+                'Unexpected version control type (in %s): %s'
+                % (self.link, vc_type))
+
+    # Top-level Actions
+    def uninstall(self, auto_confirm=False, verbose=False,
+                  use_user_site=False):
+        """
+        Uninstall the distribution currently satisfying this requirement.
+
+        Prompts before removing or modifying files unless
+        ``auto_confirm`` is True.
+
+        Refuses to delete or modify files outside of ``sys.prefix`` -
+        thus uninstallation within a virtual environment can only
+        modify that virtual environment, even if the virtualenv is
+        linked to global site-packages.
+
+        """
+        if not self.check_if_exists(use_user_site):
+            logger.warning("Skipping %s as it is not installed.", self.name)
+            return
+        dist = self.satisfied_by or self.conflicts_with
+
+        uninstalled_pathset = UninstallPathSet.from_dist(dist)
+        uninstalled_pathset.remove(auto_confirm, verbose)
+        return uninstalled_pathset
+
+    def _clean_zip_name(self, name, prefix):  # only used by archive.
+        assert name.startswith(prefix + os.path.sep), (
+            "name %r doesn't start with prefix %r" % (name, prefix)
+        )
+        name = name[len(prefix) + 1:]
+        name = name.replace(os.path.sep, '/')
+        return name
+
+    # TODO: Investigate if this should be kept in InstallRequirement
+    #       Seems to be used only when VCS + downloads
+    def archive(self, build_dir):
+        assert self.source_dir
+        create_archive = True
+        archive_name = '%s-%s.zip' % (self.name, self.metadata["version"])
+        archive_path = os.path.join(build_dir, archive_name)
+        if os.path.exists(archive_path):
+            response = ask_path_exists(
+                'The file %s exists. (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort ' %
+                display_path(archive_path), ('i', 'w', 'b', 'a'))
+            if response == 'i':
+                create_archive = False
+            elif response == 'w':
+                logger.warning('Deleting %s', display_path(archive_path))
+                os.remove(archive_path)
+            elif response == 'b':
+                dest_file = backup_dir(archive_path)
+                logger.warning(
+                    'Backing up %s to %s',
+                    display_path(archive_path),
+                    display_path(dest_file),
+                )
+                shutil.move(archive_path, dest_file)
+            elif response == 'a':
+                sys.exit(-1)
+        if create_archive:
+            zip = zipfile.ZipFile(
+                archive_path, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED,
+                allowZip64=True
+            )
+            dir = os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(self.setup_py_dir))
+            for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(dir):
+                if 'pip-egg-info' in dirnames:
+                    dirnames.remove('pip-egg-info')
+                for dirname in dirnames:
+                    dirname = os.path.join(dirpath, dirname)
+                    name = self._clean_zip_name(dirname, dir)
+                    zipdir = zipfile.ZipInfo(self.name + '/' + name + '/')
+                    zipdir.external_attr = 0x1ED << 16  # 0o755
+                    zip.writestr(zipdir, '')
+                for filename in filenames:
+                    if filename == PIP_DELETE_MARKER_FILENAME:
+                        continue
+                    filename = os.path.join(dirpath, filename)
+                    name = self._clean_zip_name(filename, dir)
+                    zip.write(filename, self.name + '/' + name)
+            zip.close()
+            logger.info('Saved %s', display_path(archive_path))
+
+    def install(self, install_options, global_options=None, root=None,
+                home=None, prefix=None, warn_script_location=True,
+                use_user_site=False, pycompile=True):
+        global_options = global_options if global_options is not None else []
+        if self.editable:
+            self.install_editable(
+                install_options, global_options, prefix=prefix,
+            )
+            return
+        if self.is_wheel:
+            version = wheel.wheel_version(self.source_dir)
+            wheel.check_compatibility(version, self.name)
+
+            self.move_wheel_files(
+                self.source_dir, root=root, prefix=prefix, home=home,
+                warn_script_location=warn_script_location,
+                use_user_site=use_user_site, pycompile=pycompile,
+            )
+            self.install_succeeded = True
+            return
+
+        # Extend the list of global and install options passed on to
+        # the setup.py call with the ones from the requirements file.
+        # Options specified in requirements file override those
+        # specified on the command line, since the last option given
+        # to setup.py is the one that is used.
+        global_options = list(global_options) + \
+            self.options.get('global_options', [])
+        install_options = list(install_options) + \
+            self.options.get('install_options', [])
+
+        if self.isolated:
+            global_options = global_options + ["--no-user-cfg"]
+
+        with TempDirectory(kind="record") as temp_dir:
+            record_filename = os.path.join(temp_dir.path, 'install-record.txt')
+            install_args = self.get_install_args(
+                global_options, record_filename, root, prefix, pycompile,
+            )
+            msg = 'Running setup.py install for %s' % (self.name,)
+            with open_spinner(msg) as spinner:
+                with indent_log():
+                    with self.build_env:
+                        call_subprocess(
+                            install_args + install_options,
+                            cwd=self.setup_py_dir,
+                            show_stdout=False,
+                            spinner=spinner,
+                        )
+
+            if not os.path.exists(record_filename):
+                logger.debug('Record file %s not found', record_filename)
+                return
+            self.install_succeeded = True
+
+            def prepend_root(path):
+                if root is None or not os.path.isabs(path):
+                    return path
+                else:
+                    return change_root(root, path)
+
+            with open(record_filename) as f:
+                for line in f:
+                    directory = os.path.dirname(line)
+                    if directory.endswith('.egg-info'):
+                        egg_info_dir = prepend_root(directory)
+                        break
+                else:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        'Could not find .egg-info directory in install record'
+                        ' for %s',
+                        self,
+                    )
+                    # FIXME: put the record somewhere
+                    # FIXME: should this be an error?
+                    return
+            new_lines = []
+            with open(record_filename) as f:
+                for line in f:
+                    filename = line.strip()
+                    if os.path.isdir(filename):
+                        filename += os.path.sep
+                    new_lines.append(
+                        os.path.relpath(prepend_root(filename), egg_info_dir)
+                    )
+            new_lines.sort()
+            ensure_dir(egg_info_dir)
+            inst_files_path = os.path.join(egg_info_dir, 'installed-files.txt')
+            with open(inst_files_path, 'w') as f:
+                f.write('\n'.join(new_lines) + '\n')
+
+    def get_install_args(self, global_options, record_filename, root, prefix,
+                         pycompile):
+        install_args = [sys.executable, "-u"]
+        install_args.append('-c')
+        install_args.append(SETUPTOOLS_SHIM % self.setup_py)
+        install_args += list(global_options) + \
+            ['install', '--record', record_filename]
+        install_args += ['--single-version-externally-managed']
+
+        if root is not None:
+            install_args += ['--root', root]
+        if prefix is not None:
+            install_args += ['--prefix', prefix]
+
+        if pycompile:
+            install_args += ["--compile"]
+        else:
+            install_args += ["--no-compile"]
+
+        if running_under_virtualenv():
+            py_ver_str = 'python' + sysconfig.get_python_version()
+            install_args += ['--install-headers',
+                             os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'include', 'site',
+                                          py_ver_str, self.name)]
+
+        return install_args
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_set.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_set.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b198317
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_set.py
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.wheel import Wheel
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class RequirementSet(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, require_hashes=False, check_supported_wheels=True):
+        """Create a RequirementSet.
+        """
+
+        self.requirements = OrderedDict()
+        self.require_hashes = require_hashes
+        self.check_supported_wheels = check_supported_wheels
+
+        # Mapping of alias: real_name
+        self.requirement_aliases = {}
+        self.unnamed_requirements = []
+        self.successfully_downloaded = []
+        self.reqs_to_cleanup = []
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        reqs = [req for req in self.requirements.values()
+                if not req.comes_from]
+        reqs.sort(key=lambda req: req.name.lower())
+        return ' '.join([str(req.req) for req in reqs])
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        reqs = [req for req in self.requirements.values()]
+        reqs.sort(key=lambda req: req.name.lower())
+        reqs_str = ', '.join([str(req.req) for req in reqs])
+        return ('<%s object; %d requirement(s): %s>'
+                % (self.__class__.__name__, len(reqs), reqs_str))
+
+    def add_requirement(self, install_req, parent_req_name=None,
+                        extras_requested=None):
+        """Add install_req as a requirement to install.
+
+        :param parent_req_name: The name of the requirement that needed this
+            added. The name is used because when multiple unnamed requirements
+            resolve to the same name, we could otherwise end up with dependency
+            links that point outside the Requirements set. parent_req must
+            already be added. Note that None implies that this is a user
+            supplied requirement, vs an inferred one.
+        :param extras_requested: an iterable of extras used to evaluate the
+            environment markers.
+        :return: Additional requirements to scan. That is either [] if
+            the requirement is not applicable, or [install_req] if the
+            requirement is applicable and has just been added.
+        """
+        name = install_req.name
+
+        # If the markers do not match, ignore this requirement.
+        if not install_req.match_markers(extras_requested):
+            logger.info(
+                "Ignoring %s: markers '%s' don't match your environment",
+                name, install_req.markers,
+            )
+            return [], None
+
+        # If the wheel is not supported, raise an error.
+        # Should check this after filtering out based on environment markers to
+        # allow specifying different wheels based on the environment/OS, in a
+        # single requirements file.
+        if install_req.link and install_req.link.is_wheel:
+            wheel = Wheel(install_req.link.filename)
+            if self.check_supported_wheels and not wheel.supported():
+                raise InstallationError(
+                    "%s is not a supported wheel on this platform." %
+                    wheel.filename
+                )
+
+        # This next bit is really a sanity check.
+        assert install_req.is_direct == (parent_req_name is None), (
+            "a direct req shouldn't have a parent and also, "
+            "a non direct req should have a parent"
+        )
+
+        # Unnamed requirements are scanned again and the requirement won't be
+        # added as a dependency until after scanning.
+        if not name:
+            # url or path requirement w/o an egg fragment
+            self.unnamed_requirements.append(install_req)
+            return [install_req], None
+
+        try:
+            existing_req = self.get_requirement(name)
+        except KeyError:
+            existing_req = None
+
+        has_conflicting_requirement = (
+            parent_req_name is None and
+            existing_req and
+            not existing_req.constraint and
+            existing_req.extras == install_req.extras and
+            existing_req.req.specifier != install_req.req.specifier
+        )
+        if has_conflicting_requirement:
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Double requirement given: %s (already in %s, name=%r)"
+                % (install_req, existing_req, name)
+            )
+
+        # When no existing requirement exists, add the requirement as a
+        # dependency and it will be scanned again after.
+        if not existing_req:
+            self.requirements[name] = install_req
+            # FIXME: what about other normalizations?  E.g., _ vs. -?
+            if name.lower() != name:
+                self.requirement_aliases[name.lower()] = name
+            # We'd want to rescan this requirements later
+            return [install_req], install_req
+
+        # Assume there's no need to scan, and that we've already
+        # encountered this for scanning.
+        if install_req.constraint or not existing_req.constraint:
+            return [], existing_req
+
+        does_not_satisfy_constraint = (
+            install_req.link and
+            not (
+                existing_req.link and
+                install_req.link.path == existing_req.link.path
+            )
+        )
+        if does_not_satisfy_constraint:
+            self.reqs_to_cleanup.append(install_req)
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Could not satisfy constraints for '%s': "
+                "installation from path or url cannot be "
+                "constrained to a version" % name,
+            )
+        # If we're now installing a constraint, mark the existing
+        # object for real installation.
+        existing_req.constraint = False
+        existing_req.extras = tuple(sorted(
+            set(existing_req.extras) | set(install_req.extras)
+        ))
+        logger.debug(
+            "Setting %s extras to: %s",
+            existing_req, existing_req.extras,
+        )
+        # Return the existing requirement for addition to the parent and
+        # scanning again.
+        return [existing_req], existing_req
+
+    def has_requirement(self, project_name):
+        name = project_name.lower()
+        if (name in self.requirements and
+           not self.requirements[name].constraint or
+           name in self.requirement_aliases and
+           not self.requirements[self.requirement_aliases[name]].constraint):
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def has_requirements(self):
+        return list(req for req in self.requirements.values() if not
+                    req.constraint) or self.unnamed_requirements
+
+    def get_requirement(self, project_name):
+        for name in project_name, project_name.lower():
+            if name in self.requirements:
+                return self.requirements[name]
+            if name in self.requirement_aliases:
+                return self.requirements[self.requirement_aliases[name]]
+        raise KeyError("No project with the name %r" % project_name)
+
+    def cleanup_files(self):
+        """Clean up files, remove builds."""
+        logger.debug('Cleaning up...')
+        with indent_log():
+            for req in self.reqs_to_cleanup:
+                req.remove_temporary_source()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_tracker.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_tracker.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a86f4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_tracker.py
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import contextlib
+import errno
+import hashlib
+import logging
+import os
+
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class RequirementTracker(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._root = os.environ.get('PIP_REQ_TRACKER')
+        if self._root is None:
+            self._temp_dir = TempDirectory(delete=False, kind='req-tracker')
+            self._temp_dir.create()
+            self._root = os.environ['PIP_REQ_TRACKER'] = self._temp_dir.path
+            logger.debug('Created requirements tracker %r', self._root)
+        else:
+            self._temp_dir = None
+            logger.debug('Re-using requirements tracker %r', self._root)
+        self._entries = set()
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        self.cleanup()
+
+    def _entry_path(self, link):
+        hashed = hashlib.sha224(link.url_without_fragment.encode()).hexdigest()
+        return os.path.join(self._root, hashed)
+
+    def add(self, req):
+        link = req.link
+        info = str(req)
+        entry_path = self._entry_path(link)
+        try:
+            with open(entry_path) as fp:
+                # Error, these's already a build in progress.
+                raise LookupError('%s is already being built: %s'
+                                  % (link, fp.read()))
+        except IOError as e:
+            if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
+                raise
+            assert req not in self._entries
+            with open(entry_path, 'w') as fp:
+                fp.write(info)
+            self._entries.add(req)
+            logger.debug('Added %s to build tracker %r', req, self._root)
+
+    def remove(self, req):
+        link = req.link
+        self._entries.remove(req)
+        os.unlink(self._entry_path(link))
+        logger.debug('Removed %s from build tracker %r', req, self._root)
+
+    def cleanup(self):
+        for req in set(self._entries):
+            self.remove(req)
+        remove = self._temp_dir is not None
+        if remove:
+            self._temp_dir.cleanup()
+        logger.debug('%s build tracker %r',
+                     'Removed' if remove else 'Cleaned',
+                     self._root)
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def track(self, req):
+        self.add(req)
+        yield
+        self.remove(req)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_uninstall.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_uninstall.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7d8230
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/req/req_uninstall.py
@@ -0,0 +1,460 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import csv
+import functools
+import logging
+import os
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import UninstallationError
+from pip._internal.locations import bin_py, bin_user
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS, cache_from_source, uses_pycache
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    FakeFile, ask, dist_in_usersite, dist_is_local, egg_link_path, is_local,
+    normalize_path, renames,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _script_names(dist, script_name, is_gui):
+    """Create the fully qualified name of the files created by
+    {console,gui}_scripts for the given ``dist``.
+    Returns the list of file names
+    """
+    if dist_in_usersite(dist):
+        bin_dir = bin_user
+    else:
+        bin_dir = bin_py
+    exe_name = os.path.join(bin_dir, script_name)
+    paths_to_remove = [exe_name]
+    if WINDOWS:
+        paths_to_remove.append(exe_name + '.exe')
+        paths_to_remove.append(exe_name + '.exe.manifest')
+        if is_gui:
+            paths_to_remove.append(exe_name + '-script.pyw')
+        else:
+            paths_to_remove.append(exe_name + '-script.py')
+    return paths_to_remove
+
+
+def _unique(fn):
+    @functools.wraps(fn)
+    def unique(*args, **kw):
+        seen = set()
+        for item in fn(*args, **kw):
+            if item not in seen:
+                seen.add(item)
+                yield item
+    return unique
+
+
+@_unique
+def uninstallation_paths(dist):
+    """
+    Yield all the uninstallation paths for dist based on RECORD-without-.py[co]
+
+    Yield paths to all the files in RECORD. For each .py file in RECORD, add
+    the .pyc and .pyo in the same directory.
+
+    UninstallPathSet.add() takes care of the __pycache__ .py[co].
+    """
+    r = csv.reader(FakeFile(dist.get_metadata_lines('RECORD')))
+    for row in r:
+        path = os.path.join(dist.location, row[0])
+        yield path
+        if path.endswith('.py'):
+            dn, fn = os.path.split(path)
+            base = fn[:-3]
+            path = os.path.join(dn, base + '.pyc')
+            yield path
+            path = os.path.join(dn, base + '.pyo')
+            yield path
+
+
+def compact(paths):
+    """Compact a path set to contain the minimal number of paths
+    necessary to contain all paths in the set. If /a/path/ and
+    /a/path/to/a/file.txt are both in the set, leave only the
+    shorter path."""
+
+    sep = os.path.sep
+    short_paths = set()
+    for path in sorted(paths, key=len):
+        should_add = any(
+            path.startswith(shortpath.rstrip("*")) and
+            path[len(shortpath.rstrip("*").rstrip(sep))] == sep
+            for shortpath in short_paths
+        )
+        if not should_add:
+            short_paths.add(path)
+    return short_paths
+
+
+def compress_for_output_listing(paths):
+    """Returns a tuple of 2 sets of which paths to display to user
+
+    The first set contains paths that would be deleted. Files of a package
+    are not added and the top-level directory of the package has a '*' added
+    at the end - to signify that all it's contents are removed.
+
+    The second set contains files that would have been skipped in the above
+    folders.
+    """
+
+    will_remove = list(paths)
+    will_skip = set()
+
+    # Determine folders and files
+    folders = set()
+    files = set()
+    for path in will_remove:
+        if path.endswith(".pyc"):
+            continue
+        if path.endswith("__init__.py") or ".dist-info" in path:
+            folders.add(os.path.dirname(path))
+        files.add(path)
+
+    _normcased_files = set(map(os.path.normcase, files))
+
+    folders = compact(folders)
+
+    # This walks the tree using os.walk to not miss extra folders
+    # that might get added.
+    for folder in folders:
+        for dirpath, _, dirfiles in os.walk(folder):
+            for fname in dirfiles:
+                if fname.endswith(".pyc"):
+                    continue
+
+                file_ = os.path.join(dirpath, fname)
+                if (os.path.isfile(file_) and
+                        os.path.normcase(file_) not in _normcased_files):
+                    # We are skipping this file. Add it to the set.
+                    will_skip.add(file_)
+
+    will_remove = files | {
+        os.path.join(folder, "*") for folder in folders
+    }
+
+    return will_remove, will_skip
+
+
+class UninstallPathSet(object):
+    """A set of file paths to be removed in the uninstallation of a
+    requirement."""
+    def __init__(self, dist):
+        self.paths = set()
+        self._refuse = set()
+        self.pth = {}
+        self.dist = dist
+        self.save_dir = TempDirectory(kind="uninstall")
+        self._moved_paths = []
+
+    def _permitted(self, path):
+        """
+        Return True if the given path is one we are permitted to
+        remove/modify, False otherwise.
+
+        """
+        return is_local(path)
+
+    def add(self, path):
+        head, tail = os.path.split(path)
+
+        # we normalize the head to resolve parent directory symlinks, but not
+        # the tail, since we only want to uninstall symlinks, not their targets
+        path = os.path.join(normalize_path(head), os.path.normcase(tail))
+
+        if not os.path.exists(path):
+            return
+        if self._permitted(path):
+            self.paths.add(path)
+        else:
+            self._refuse.add(path)
+
+        # __pycache__ files can show up after 'installed-files.txt' is created,
+        # due to imports
+        if os.path.splitext(path)[1] == '.py' and uses_pycache:
+            self.add(cache_from_source(path))
+
+    def add_pth(self, pth_file, entry):
+        pth_file = normalize_path(pth_file)
+        if self._permitted(pth_file):
+            if pth_file not in self.pth:
+                self.pth[pth_file] = UninstallPthEntries(pth_file)
+            self.pth[pth_file].add(entry)
+        else:
+            self._refuse.add(pth_file)
+
+    def _stash(self, path):
+        return os.path.join(
+            self.save_dir.path, os.path.splitdrive(path)[1].lstrip(os.path.sep)
+        )
+
+    def remove(self, auto_confirm=False, verbose=False):
+        """Remove paths in ``self.paths`` with confirmation (unless
+        ``auto_confirm`` is True)."""
+
+        if not self.paths:
+            logger.info(
+                "Can't uninstall '%s'. No files were found to uninstall.",
+                self.dist.project_name,
+            )
+            return
+
+        dist_name_version = (
+            self.dist.project_name + "-" + self.dist.version
+        )
+        logger.info('Uninstalling %s:', dist_name_version)
+
+        with indent_log():
+            if auto_confirm or self._allowed_to_proceed(verbose):
+                self.save_dir.create()
+
+                for path in sorted(compact(self.paths)):
+                    new_path = self._stash(path)
+                    logger.debug('Removing file or directory %s', path)
+                    self._moved_paths.append(path)
+                    renames(path, new_path)
+                for pth in self.pth.values():
+                    pth.remove()
+
+                logger.info('Successfully uninstalled %s', dist_name_version)
+
+    def _allowed_to_proceed(self, verbose):
+        """Display which files would be deleted and prompt for confirmation
+        """
+
+        def _display(msg, paths):
+            if not paths:
+                return
+
+            logger.info(msg)
+            with indent_log():
+                for path in sorted(compact(paths)):
+                    logger.info(path)
+
+        if not verbose:
+            will_remove, will_skip = compress_for_output_listing(self.paths)
+        else:
+            # In verbose mode, display all the files that are going to be
+            # deleted.
+            will_remove = list(self.paths)
+            will_skip = set()
+
+        _display('Would remove:', will_remove)
+        _display('Would not remove (might be manually added):', will_skip)
+        _display('Would not remove (outside of prefix):', self._refuse)
+
+        return ask('Proceed (y/n)? ', ('y', 'n')) == 'y'
+
+    def rollback(self):
+        """Rollback the changes previously made by remove()."""
+        if self.save_dir.path is None:
+            logger.error(
+                "Can't roll back %s; was not uninstalled",
+                self.dist.project_name,
+            )
+            return False
+        logger.info('Rolling back uninstall of %s', self.dist.project_name)
+        for path in self._moved_paths:
+            tmp_path = self._stash(path)
+            logger.debug('Replacing %s', path)
+            renames(tmp_path, path)
+        for pth in self.pth.values():
+            pth.rollback()
+
+    def commit(self):
+        """Remove temporary save dir: rollback will no longer be possible."""
+        self.save_dir.cleanup()
+        self._moved_paths = []
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dist(cls, dist):
+        dist_path = normalize_path(dist.location)
+        if not dist_is_local(dist):
+            logger.info(
+                "Not uninstalling %s at %s, outside environment %s",
+                dist.key,
+                dist_path,
+                sys.prefix,
+            )
+            return cls(dist)
+
+        if dist_path in {p for p in {sysconfig.get_path("stdlib"),
+                                     sysconfig.get_path("platstdlib")}
+                         if p}:
+            logger.info(
+                "Not uninstalling %s at %s, as it is in the standard library.",
+                dist.key,
+                dist_path,
+            )
+            return cls(dist)
+
+        paths_to_remove = cls(dist)
+        develop_egg_link = egg_link_path(dist)
+        develop_egg_link_egg_info = '{}.egg-info'.format(
+            pkg_resources.to_filename(dist.project_name))
+        egg_info_exists = dist.egg_info and os.path.exists(dist.egg_info)
+        # Special case for distutils installed package
+        distutils_egg_info = getattr(dist._provider, 'path', None)
+
+        # Uninstall cases order do matter as in the case of 2 installs of the
+        # same package, pip needs to uninstall the currently detected version
+        if (egg_info_exists and dist.egg_info.endswith('.egg-info') and
+                not dist.egg_info.endswith(develop_egg_link_egg_info)):
+            # if dist.egg_info.endswith(develop_egg_link_egg_info), we
+            # are in fact in the develop_egg_link case
+            paths_to_remove.add(dist.egg_info)
+            if dist.has_metadata('installed-files.txt'):
+                for installed_file in dist.get_metadata(
+                        'installed-files.txt').splitlines():
+                    path = os.path.normpath(
+                        os.path.join(dist.egg_info, installed_file)
+                    )
+                    paths_to_remove.add(path)
+            # FIXME: need a test for this elif block
+            # occurs with --single-version-externally-managed/--record outside
+            # of pip
+            elif dist.has_metadata('top_level.txt'):
+                if dist.has_metadata('namespace_packages.txt'):
+                    namespaces = dist.get_metadata('namespace_packages.txt')
+                else:
+                    namespaces = []
+                for top_level_pkg in [
+                        p for p
+                        in dist.get_metadata('top_level.txt').splitlines()
+                        if p and p not in namespaces]:
+                    path = os.path.join(dist.location, top_level_pkg)
+                    paths_to_remove.add(path)
+                    paths_to_remove.add(path + '.py')
+                    paths_to_remove.add(path + '.pyc')
+                    paths_to_remove.add(path + '.pyo')
+
+        elif distutils_egg_info:
+            raise UninstallationError(
+                "Cannot uninstall {!r}. It is a distutils installed project "
+                "and thus we cannot accurately determine which files belong "
+                "to it which would lead to only a partial uninstall.".format(
+                    dist.project_name,
+                )
+            )
+
+        elif dist.location.endswith('.egg'):
+            # package installed by easy_install
+            # We cannot match on dist.egg_name because it can slightly vary
+            # i.e. setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg vs setuptools-0.6rc11-py2.6.egg
+            paths_to_remove.add(dist.location)
+            easy_install_egg = os.path.split(dist.location)[1]
+            easy_install_pth = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(dist.location),
+                                            'easy-install.pth')
+            paths_to_remove.add_pth(easy_install_pth, './' + easy_install_egg)
+
+        elif egg_info_exists and dist.egg_info.endswith('.dist-info'):
+            for path in uninstallation_paths(dist):
+                paths_to_remove.add(path)
+
+        elif develop_egg_link:
+            # develop egg
+            with open(develop_egg_link, 'r') as fh:
+                link_pointer = os.path.normcase(fh.readline().strip())
+            assert (link_pointer == dist.location), (
+                'Egg-link %s does not match installed location of %s '
+                '(at %s)' % (link_pointer, dist.project_name, dist.location)
+            )
+            paths_to_remove.add(develop_egg_link)
+            easy_install_pth = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(develop_egg_link),
+                                            'easy-install.pth')
+            paths_to_remove.add_pth(easy_install_pth, dist.location)
+
+        else:
+            logger.debug(
+                'Not sure how to uninstall: %s - Check: %s',
+                dist, dist.location,
+            )
+
+        # find distutils scripts= scripts
+        if dist.has_metadata('scripts') and dist.metadata_isdir('scripts'):
+            for script in dist.metadata_listdir('scripts'):
+                if dist_in_usersite(dist):
+                    bin_dir = bin_user
+                else:
+                    bin_dir = bin_py
+                paths_to_remove.add(os.path.join(bin_dir, script))
+                if WINDOWS:
+                    paths_to_remove.add(os.path.join(bin_dir, script) + '.bat')
+
+        # find console_scripts
+        _scripts_to_remove = []
+        console_scripts = dist.get_entry_map(group='console_scripts')
+        for name in console_scripts.keys():
+            _scripts_to_remove.extend(_script_names(dist, name, False))
+        # find gui_scripts
+        gui_scripts = dist.get_entry_map(group='gui_scripts')
+        for name in gui_scripts.keys():
+            _scripts_to_remove.extend(_script_names(dist, name, True))
+
+        for s in _scripts_to_remove:
+            paths_to_remove.add(s)
+
+        return paths_to_remove
+
+
+class UninstallPthEntries(object):
+    def __init__(self, pth_file):
+        if not os.path.isfile(pth_file):
+            raise UninstallationError(
+                "Cannot remove entries from nonexistent file %s" % pth_file
+            )
+        self.file = pth_file
+        self.entries = set()
+        self._saved_lines = None
+
+    def add(self, entry):
+        entry = os.path.normcase(entry)
+        # On Windows, os.path.normcase converts the entry to use
+        # backslashes.  This is correct for entries that describe absolute
+        # paths outside of site-packages, but all the others use forward
+        # slashes.
+        if WINDOWS and not os.path.splitdrive(entry)[0]:
+            entry = entry.replace('\\', '/')
+        self.entries.add(entry)
+
+    def remove(self):
+        logger.debug('Removing pth entries from %s:', self.file)
+        with open(self.file, 'rb') as fh:
+            # windows uses '\r\n' with py3k, but uses '\n' with py2.x
+            lines = fh.readlines()
+            self._saved_lines = lines
+        if any(b'\r\n' in line for line in lines):
+            endline = '\r\n'
+        else:
+            endline = '\n'
+        # handle missing trailing newline
+        if lines and not lines[-1].endswith(endline.encode("utf-8")):
+            lines[-1] = lines[-1] + endline.encode("utf-8")
+        for entry in self.entries:
+            try:
+                logger.debug('Removing entry: %s', entry)
+                lines.remove((entry + endline).encode("utf-8"))
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+        with open(self.file, 'wb') as fh:
+            fh.writelines(lines)
+
+    def rollback(self):
+        if self._saved_lines is None:
+            logger.error(
+                'Cannot roll back changes to %s, none were made', self.file
+            )
+            return False
+        logger.debug('Rolling %s back to previous state', self.file)
+        with open(self.file, 'wb') as fh:
+            fh.writelines(self._saved_lines)
+        return True
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolve.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolve.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d9f1c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolve.py
@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+"""Dependency Resolution
+
+The dependency resolution in pip is performed as follows:
+
+for top-level requirements:
+    a. only one spec allowed per project, regardless of conflicts or not.
+       otherwise a "double requirement" exception is raised
+    b. they override sub-dependency requirements.
+for sub-dependencies
+    a. "first found, wins" (where the order is breadth first)
+"""
+
+import logging
+from collections import defaultdict
+from itertools import chain
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    BestVersionAlreadyInstalled, DistributionNotFound, HashError, HashErrors,
+    UnsupportedPythonVersion,
+)
+from pip._internal.req.constructors import install_req_from_req
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import dist_in_usersite, ensure_dir
+from pip._internal.utils.packaging import check_dist_requires_python
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Resolver(object):
+    """Resolves which packages need to be installed/uninstalled to perform \
+    the requested operation without breaking the requirements of any package.
+    """
+
+    _allowed_strategies = {"eager", "only-if-needed", "to-satisfy-only"}
+
+    def __init__(self, preparer, session, finder, wheel_cache, use_user_site,
+                 ignore_dependencies, ignore_installed, ignore_requires_python,
+                 force_reinstall, isolated, upgrade_strategy):
+        super(Resolver, self).__init__()
+        assert upgrade_strategy in self._allowed_strategies
+
+        self.preparer = preparer
+        self.finder = finder
+        self.session = session
+
+        # NOTE: This would eventually be replaced with a cache that can give
+        #       information about both sdist and wheels transparently.
+        self.wheel_cache = wheel_cache
+
+        self.require_hashes = None  # This is set in resolve
+
+        self.upgrade_strategy = upgrade_strategy
+        self.force_reinstall = force_reinstall
+        self.isolated = isolated
+        self.ignore_dependencies = ignore_dependencies
+        self.ignore_installed = ignore_installed
+        self.ignore_requires_python = ignore_requires_python
+        self.use_user_site = use_user_site
+
+        self._discovered_dependencies = defaultdict(list)
+
+    def resolve(self, requirement_set):
+        """Resolve what operations need to be done
+
+        As a side-effect of this method, the packages (and their dependencies)
+        are downloaded, unpacked and prepared for installation. This
+        preparation is done by ``pip.operations.prepare``.
+
+        Once PyPI has static dependency metadata available, it would be
+        possible to move the preparation to become a step separated from
+        dependency resolution.
+        """
+        # make the wheelhouse
+        if self.preparer.wheel_download_dir:
+            ensure_dir(self.preparer.wheel_download_dir)
+
+        # If any top-level requirement has a hash specified, enter
+        # hash-checking mode, which requires hashes from all.
+        root_reqs = (
+            requirement_set.unnamed_requirements +
+            list(requirement_set.requirements.values())
+        )
+        self.require_hashes = (
+            requirement_set.require_hashes or
+            any(req.has_hash_options for req in root_reqs)
+        )
+
+        # Display where finder is looking for packages
+        locations = self.finder.get_formatted_locations()
+        if locations:
+            logger.info(locations)
+
+        # Actually prepare the files, and collect any exceptions. Most hash
+        # exceptions cannot be checked ahead of time, because
+        # req.populate_link() needs to be called before we can make decisions
+        # based on link type.
+        discovered_reqs = []
+        hash_errors = HashErrors()
+        for req in chain(root_reqs, discovered_reqs):
+            try:
+                discovered_reqs.extend(
+                    self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req)
+                )
+            except HashError as exc:
+                exc.req = req
+                hash_errors.append(exc)
+
+        if hash_errors:
+            raise hash_errors
+
+    def _is_upgrade_allowed(self, req):
+        if self.upgrade_strategy == "to-satisfy-only":
+            return False
+        elif self.upgrade_strategy == "eager":
+            return True
+        else:
+            assert self.upgrade_strategy == "only-if-needed"
+            return req.is_direct
+
+    def _set_req_to_reinstall(self, req):
+        """
+        Set a requirement to be installed.
+        """
+        # Don't uninstall the conflict if doing a user install and the
+        # conflict is not a user install.
+        if not self.use_user_site or dist_in_usersite(req.satisfied_by):
+            req.conflicts_with = req.satisfied_by
+        req.satisfied_by = None
+
+    # XXX: Stop passing requirement_set for options
+    def _check_skip_installed(self, req_to_install):
+        """Check if req_to_install should be skipped.
+
+        This will check if the req is installed, and whether we should upgrade
+        or reinstall it, taking into account all the relevant user options.
+
+        After calling this req_to_install will only have satisfied_by set to
+        None if the req_to_install is to be upgraded/reinstalled etc. Any
+        other value will be a dist recording the current thing installed that
+        satisfies the requirement.
+
+        Note that for vcs urls and the like we can't assess skipping in this
+        routine - we simply identify that we need to pull the thing down,
+        then later on it is pulled down and introspected to assess upgrade/
+        reinstalls etc.
+
+        :return: A text reason for why it was skipped, or None.
+        """
+        if self.ignore_installed:
+            return None
+
+        req_to_install.check_if_exists(self.use_user_site)
+        if not req_to_install.satisfied_by:
+            return None
+
+        if self.force_reinstall:
+            self._set_req_to_reinstall(req_to_install)
+            return None
+
+        if not self._is_upgrade_allowed(req_to_install):
+            if self.upgrade_strategy == "only-if-needed":
+                return 'already satisfied, skipping upgrade'
+            return 'already satisfied'
+
+        # Check for the possibility of an upgrade.  For link-based
+        # requirements we have to pull the tree down and inspect to assess
+        # the version #, so it's handled way down.
+        if not req_to_install.link:
+            try:
+                self.finder.find_requirement(req_to_install, upgrade=True)
+            except BestVersionAlreadyInstalled:
+                # Then the best version is installed.
+                return 'already up-to-date'
+            except DistributionNotFound:
+                # No distribution found, so we squash the error.  It will
+                # be raised later when we re-try later to do the install.
+                # Why don't we just raise here?
+                pass
+
+        self._set_req_to_reinstall(req_to_install)
+        return None
+
+    def _get_abstract_dist_for(self, req):
+        """Takes a InstallRequirement and returns a single AbstractDist \
+        representing a prepared variant of the same.
+        """
+        assert self.require_hashes is not None, (
+            "require_hashes should have been set in Resolver.resolve()"
+        )
+
+        if req.editable:
+            return self.preparer.prepare_editable_requirement(
+                req, self.require_hashes, self.use_user_site, self.finder,
+            )
+
+        # satisfied_by is only evaluated by calling _check_skip_installed,
+        # so it must be None here.
+        assert req.satisfied_by is None
+        skip_reason = self._check_skip_installed(req)
+
+        if req.satisfied_by:
+            return self.preparer.prepare_installed_requirement(
+                req, self.require_hashes, skip_reason
+            )
+
+        upgrade_allowed = self._is_upgrade_allowed(req)
+        abstract_dist = self.preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(
+            req, self.session, self.finder, upgrade_allowed,
+            self.require_hashes
+        )
+
+        # NOTE
+        # The following portion is for determining if a certain package is
+        # going to be re-installed/upgraded or not and reporting to the user.
+        # This should probably get cleaned up in a future refactor.
+
+        # req.req is only avail after unpack for URL
+        # pkgs repeat check_if_exists to uninstall-on-upgrade
+        # (#14)
+        if not self.ignore_installed:
+            req.check_if_exists(self.use_user_site)
+
+        if req.satisfied_by:
+            should_modify = (
+                self.upgrade_strategy != "to-satisfy-only" or
+                self.force_reinstall or
+                self.ignore_installed or
+                req.link.scheme == 'file'
+            )
+            if should_modify:
+                self._set_req_to_reinstall(req)
+            else:
+                logger.info(
+                    'Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade):'
+                    ' %s', req,
+                )
+
+        return abstract_dist
+
+    def _resolve_one(self, requirement_set, req_to_install):
+        """Prepare a single requirements file.
+
+        :return: A list of additional InstallRequirements to also install.
+        """
+        # Tell user what we are doing for this requirement:
+        # obtain (editable), skipping, processing (local url), collecting
+        # (remote url or package name)
+        if req_to_install.constraint or req_to_install.prepared:
+            return []
+
+        req_to_install.prepared = True
+
+        # register tmp src for cleanup in case something goes wrong
+        requirement_set.reqs_to_cleanup.append(req_to_install)
+
+        abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
+
+        # Parse and return dependencies
+        dist = abstract_dist.dist(self.finder)
+        try:
+            check_dist_requires_python(dist)
+        except UnsupportedPythonVersion as err:
+            if self.ignore_requires_python:
+                logger.warning(err.args[0])
+            else:
+                raise
+
+        more_reqs = []
+
+        def add_req(subreq, extras_requested):
+            sub_install_req = install_req_from_req(
+                str(subreq),
+                req_to_install,
+                isolated=self.isolated,
+                wheel_cache=self.wheel_cache,
+            )
+            parent_req_name = req_to_install.name
+            to_scan_again, add_to_parent = requirement_set.add_requirement(
+                sub_install_req,
+                parent_req_name=parent_req_name,
+                extras_requested=extras_requested,
+            )
+            if parent_req_name and add_to_parent:
+                self._discovered_dependencies[parent_req_name].append(
+                    add_to_parent
+                )
+            more_reqs.extend(to_scan_again)
+
+        with indent_log():
+            # We add req_to_install before its dependencies, so that we
+            # can refer to it when adding dependencies.
+            if not requirement_set.has_requirement(req_to_install.name):
+                # 'unnamed' requirements will get added here
+                req_to_install.is_direct = True
+                requirement_set.add_requirement(
+                    req_to_install, parent_req_name=None,
+                )
+
+            if not self.ignore_dependencies:
+                if req_to_install.extras:
+                    logger.debug(
+                        "Installing extra requirements: %r",
+                        ','.join(req_to_install.extras),
+                    )
+                missing_requested = sorted(
+                    set(req_to_install.extras) - set(dist.extras)
+                )
+                for missing in missing_requested:
+                    logger.warning(
+                        '%s does not provide the extra \'%s\'',
+                        dist, missing
+                    )
+
+                available_requested = sorted(
+                    set(dist.extras) & set(req_to_install.extras)
+                )
+                for subreq in dist.requires(available_requested):
+                    add_req(subreq, extras_requested=available_requested)
+
+            if not req_to_install.editable and not req_to_install.satisfied_by:
+                # XXX: --no-install leads this to report 'Successfully
+                # downloaded' for only non-editable reqs, even though we took
+                # action on them.
+                requirement_set.successfully_downloaded.append(req_to_install)
+
+        return more_reqs
+
+    def get_installation_order(self, req_set):
+        """Create the installation order.
+
+        The installation order is topological - requirements are installed
+        before the requiring thing. We break cycles at an arbitrary point,
+        and make no other guarantees.
+        """
+        # The current implementation, which we may change at any point
+        # installs the user specified things in the order given, except when
+        # dependencies must come earlier to achieve topological order.
+        order = []
+        ordered_reqs = set()
+
+        def schedule(req):
+            if req.satisfied_by or req in ordered_reqs:
+                return
+            if req.constraint:
+                return
+            ordered_reqs.add(req)
+            for dep in self._discovered_dependencies[req.name]:
+                schedule(dep)
+            order.append(req)
+
+        for install_req in req_set.requirements.values():
+            schedule(install_req)
+        return order
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/appdirs.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/appdirs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc96f98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/appdirs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+"""
+This code was taken from https://github.com/ActiveState/appdirs and modified
+to suit our purposes.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import os
+import sys
+
+from pip._vendor.six import PY2, text_type
+
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS, expanduser
+
+
+def user_cache_dir(appname):
+    r"""
+    Return full path to the user-specific cache dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+
+    Typical user cache directories are:
+        macOS:      ~/Library/Caches/<AppName>
+        Unix:       ~/.cache/<AppName> (XDG default)
+        Windows:    C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppName>\Cache
+
+    On Windows the only suggestion in the MSDN docs is that local settings go
+    in the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` directory. This is identical to the
+    non-roaming app data dir (the default returned by `user_data_dir`). Apps
+    typically put cache data somewhere *under* the given dir here. Some
+    examples:
+        ...\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\<ProfileName>\Cache
+        ...\Acme\SuperApp\Cache\1.0
+
+    OPINION: This function appends "Cache" to the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` value.
+    """
+    if WINDOWS:
+        # Get the base path
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder("CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"))
+
+        # When using Python 2, return paths as bytes on Windows like we do on
+        # other operating systems. See helper function docs for more details.
+        if PY2 and isinstance(path, text_type):
+            path = _win_path_to_bytes(path)
+
+        # Add our app name and Cache directory to it
+        path = os.path.join(path, appname, "Cache")
+    elif sys.platform == "darwin":
+        # Get the base path
+        path = expanduser("~/Library/Caches")
+
+        # Add our app name to it
+        path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    else:
+        # Get the base path
+        path = os.getenv("XDG_CACHE_HOME", expanduser("~/.cache"))
+
+        # Add our app name to it
+        path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+
+    return path
+
+
+def user_data_dir(appname, roaming=False):
+    r"""
+    Return full path to the user-specific data dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "roaming" (boolean, default False) can be set True to use the Windows
+            roaming appdata directory. That means that for users on a Windows
+            network setup for roaming profiles, this user data will be
+            sync'd on login. See
+            <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>
+            for a discussion of issues.
+
+    Typical user data directories are:
+        macOS:                  ~/Library/Application Support/<AppName>
+                                if it exists, else ~/.config/<AppName>
+        Unix:                   ~/.local/share/<AppName>    # or in
+                                $XDG_DATA_HOME, if defined
+        Win XP (not roaming):   C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\ ...
+                                ...Application Data\<AppName>
+        Win XP (roaming):       C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local ...
+                                ...Settings\Application Data\<AppName>
+        Win 7  (not roaming):   C:\\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppName>
+        Win 7  (roaming):       C:\\Users\<username>\AppData\Roaming\<AppName>
+
+    For Unix, we follow the XDG spec and support $XDG_DATA_HOME.
+    That means, by default "~/.local/share/<AppName>".
+    """
+    if WINDOWS:
+        const = roaming and "CSIDL_APPDATA" or "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"
+        path = os.path.join(os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder(const)), appname)
+    elif sys.platform == "darwin":
+        path = os.path.join(
+            expanduser('~/Library/Application Support/'),
+            appname,
+        ) if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(
+            expanduser('~/Library/Application Support/'),
+            appname,
+        )
+        ) else os.path.join(
+            expanduser('~/.config/'),
+            appname,
+        )
+    else:
+        path = os.path.join(
+            os.getenv('XDG_DATA_HOME', expanduser("~/.local/share")),
+            appname,
+        )
+
+    return path
+
+
+def user_config_dir(appname, roaming=True):
+    """Return full path to the user-specific config dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "roaming" (boolean, default True) can be set False to not use the
+            Windows roaming appdata directory. That means that for users on a
+            Windows network setup for roaming profiles, this user data will be
+            sync'd on login. See
+            <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>
+            for a discussion of issues.
+
+    Typical user data directories are:
+        macOS:                  same as user_data_dir
+        Unix:                   ~/.config/<AppName>
+        Win *:                  same as user_data_dir
+
+    For Unix, we follow the XDG spec and support $XDG_CONFIG_HOME.
+    That means, by default "~/.config/<AppName>".
+    """
+    if WINDOWS:
+        path = user_data_dir(appname, roaming=roaming)
+    elif sys.platform == "darwin":
+        path = user_data_dir(appname)
+    else:
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_CONFIG_HOME', expanduser("~/.config"))
+        path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+
+    return path
+
+
+# for the discussion regarding site_config_dirs locations
+# see <https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1733>
+def site_config_dirs(appname):
+    r"""Return a list of potential user-shared config dirs for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+
+    Typical user config directories are:
+        macOS:      /Library/Application Support/<AppName>/
+        Unix:       /etc or $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS[i]/<AppName>/ for each value in
+                    $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS
+        Win XP:     C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application ...
+                    ...Data\<AppName>\
+        Vista:      (Fail! "C:\ProgramData" is a hidden *system* directory
+                    on Vista.)
+        Win 7:      Hidden, but writeable on Win 7:
+                    C:\ProgramData\<AppName>\
+    """
+    if WINDOWS:
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder("CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA"))
+        pathlist = [os.path.join(path, appname)]
+    elif sys.platform == 'darwin':
+        pathlist = [os.path.join('/Library/Application Support', appname)]
+    else:
+        # try looking in $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS
+        xdg_config_dirs = os.getenv('XDG_CONFIG_DIRS', '/etc/xdg')
+        if xdg_config_dirs:
+            pathlist = [
+                os.path.join(expanduser(x), appname)
+                for x in xdg_config_dirs.split(os.pathsep)
+            ]
+        else:
+            pathlist = []
+
+        # always look in /etc directly as well
+        pathlist.append('/etc')
+
+    return pathlist
+
+
+# -- Windows support functions --
+
+def _get_win_folder_from_registry(csidl_name):
+    """
+    This is a fallback technique at best. I'm not sure if using the
+    registry for this guarantees us the correct answer for all CSIDL_*
+    names.
+    """
+    import _winreg
+
+    shell_folder_name = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": "AppData",
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": "Common AppData",
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": "Local AppData",
+    }[csidl_name]
+
+    key = _winreg.OpenKey(
+        _winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+        r"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders"
+    )
+    directory, _type = _winreg.QueryValueEx(key, shell_folder_name)
+    return directory
+
+
+def _get_win_folder_with_ctypes(csidl_name):
+    csidl_const = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": 26,
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": 35,
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": 28,
+    }[csidl_name]
+
+    buf = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)
+    ctypes.windll.shell32.SHGetFolderPathW(None, csidl_const, None, 0, buf)
+
+    # Downgrade to short path name if have highbit chars. See
+    # <http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=85099>.
+    has_high_char = False
+    for c in buf:
+        if ord(c) > 255:
+            has_high_char = True
+            break
+    if has_high_char:
+        buf2 = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)
+        if ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetShortPathNameW(buf.value, buf2, 1024):
+            buf = buf2
+
+    return buf.value
+
+
+if WINDOWS:
+    try:
+        import ctypes
+        _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_with_ctypes
+    except ImportError:
+        _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_from_registry
+
+
+def _win_path_to_bytes(path):
+    """Encode Windows paths to bytes. Only used on Python 2.
+
+    Motivation is to be consistent with other operating systems where paths
+    are also returned as bytes. This avoids problems mixing bytes and Unicode
+    elsewhere in the codebase. For more details and discussion see
+    <https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/3463>.
+
+    If encoding using ASCII and MBCS fails, return the original Unicode path.
+    """
+    for encoding in ('ASCII', 'MBCS'):
+        try:
+            return path.encode(encoding)
+        except (UnicodeEncodeError, LookupError):
+            pass
+    return path
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3114f2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+"""Stuff that differs in different Python versions and platform
+distributions."""
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division
+
+import codecs
+import locale
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+import sys
+
+from pip._vendor.six import text_type
+
+try:
+    import ipaddress
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from pip._vendor import ipaddress  # type: ignore
+    except ImportError:
+        import ipaddr as ipaddress  # type: ignore
+        ipaddress.ip_address = ipaddress.IPAddress
+        ipaddress.ip_network = ipaddress.IPNetwork
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "ipaddress", "uses_pycache", "console_to_str", "native_str",
+    "get_path_uid", "stdlib_pkgs", "WINDOWS", "samefile", "get_terminal_size",
+    "get_extension_suffixes",
+]
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 4):
+    uses_pycache = True
+    from importlib.util import cache_from_source
+else:
+    import imp
+
+    try:
+        cache_from_source = imp.cache_from_source  # type: ignore
+    except AttributeError:
+        # does not use __pycache__
+        cache_from_source = None
+
+    uses_pycache = cache_from_source is not None
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 5):
+    backslashreplace_decode = "backslashreplace"
+else:
+    # In version 3.4 and older, backslashreplace exists
+    # but does not support use for decoding.
+    # We implement our own replace handler for this
+    # situation, so that we can consistently use
+    # backslash replacement for all versions.
+    def backslashreplace_decode_fn(err):
+        raw_bytes = (err.object[i] for i in range(err.start, err.end))
+        if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+            # Python 2 gave us characters - convert to numeric bytes
+            raw_bytes = (ord(b) for b in raw_bytes)
+        return u"".join(u"\\x%x" % c for c in raw_bytes), err.end
+    codecs.register_error(
+        "backslashreplace_decode",
+        backslashreplace_decode_fn,
+    )
+    backslashreplace_decode = "backslashreplace_decode"
+
+
+def console_to_str(data):
+    """Return a string, safe for output, of subprocess output.
+
+    We assume the data is in the locale preferred encoding.
+    If it won't decode properly, we warn the user but decode as
+    best we can.
+
+    We also ensure that the output can be safely written to
+    standard output without encoding errors.
+    """
+
+    # First, get the encoding we assume. This is the preferred
+    # encoding for the locale, unless that is not found, or
+    # it is ASCII, in which case assume UTF-8
+    encoding = locale.getpreferredencoding()
+    if (not encoding) or codecs.lookup(encoding).name == "ascii":
+        encoding = "utf-8"
+
+    # Now try to decode the data - if we fail, warn the user and
+    # decode with replacement.
+    try:
+        s = data.decode(encoding)
+    except UnicodeDecodeError:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Subprocess output does not appear to be encoded as %s",
+            encoding,
+        )
+        s = data.decode(encoding, errors=backslashreplace_decode)
+
+    # Make sure we can print the output, by encoding it to the output
+    # encoding with replacement of unencodable characters, and then
+    # decoding again.
+    # We use stderr's encoding because it's less likely to be
+    # redirected and if we don't find an encoding we skip this
+    # step (on the assumption that output is wrapped by something
+    # that won't fail).
+    # The double getattr is to deal with the possibility that we're
+    # being called in a situation where sys.__stderr__ doesn't exist,
+    # or doesn't have an encoding attribute. Neither of these cases
+    # should occur in normal pip use, but there's no harm in checking
+    # in case people use pip in (unsupported) unusual situations.
+    output_encoding = getattr(getattr(sys, "__stderr__", None),
+                              "encoding", None)
+
+    if output_encoding:
+        s = s.encode(output_encoding, errors="backslashreplace")
+        s = s.decode(output_encoding)
+
+    return s
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3,):
+    def native_str(s, replace=False):
+        if isinstance(s, bytes):
+            return s.decode('utf-8', 'replace' if replace else 'strict')
+        return s
+
+else:
+    def native_str(s, replace=False):
+        # Replace is ignored -- unicode to UTF-8 can't fail
+        if isinstance(s, text_type):
+            return s.encode('utf-8')
+        return s
+
+
+def get_path_uid(path):
+    """
+    Return path's uid.
+
+    Does not follow symlinks:
+        https://github.com/pypa/pip/pull/935#discussion_r5307003
+
+    Placed this function in compat due to differences on AIX and
+    Jython, that should eventually go away.
+
+    :raises OSError: When path is a symlink or can't be read.
+    """
+    if hasattr(os, 'O_NOFOLLOW'):
+        fd = os.open(path, os.O_RDONLY | os.O_NOFOLLOW)
+        file_uid = os.fstat(fd).st_uid
+        os.close(fd)
+    else:  # AIX and Jython
+        # WARNING: time of check vulnerability, but best we can do w/o NOFOLLOW
+        if not os.path.islink(path):
+            # older versions of Jython don't have `os.fstat`
+            file_uid = os.stat(path).st_uid
+        else:
+            # raise OSError for parity with os.O_NOFOLLOW above
+            raise OSError(
+                "%s is a symlink; Will not return uid for symlinks" % path
+            )
+    return file_uid
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 4):
+    from importlib.machinery import EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
+
+    def get_extension_suffixes():
+        return EXTENSION_SUFFIXES
+else:
+    from imp import get_suffixes
+
+    def get_extension_suffixes():
+        return [suffix[0] for suffix in get_suffixes()]
+
+
+def expanduser(path):
+    """
+    Expand ~ and ~user constructions.
+
+    Includes a workaround for https://bugs.python.org/issue14768
+    """
+    expanded = os.path.expanduser(path)
+    if path.startswith('~/') and expanded.startswith('//'):
+        expanded = expanded[1:]
+    return expanded
+
+
+# packages in the stdlib that may have installation metadata, but should not be
+# considered 'installed'.  this theoretically could be determined based on
+# dist.location (py27:`sysconfig.get_paths()['stdlib']`,
+# py26:sysconfig.get_config_vars('LIBDEST')), but fear platform variation may
+# make this ineffective, so hard-coding
+stdlib_pkgs = {"python", "wsgiref", "argparse"}
+
+
+# windows detection, covers cpython and ironpython
+WINDOWS = (sys.platform.startswith("win") or
+           (sys.platform == 'cli' and os.name == 'nt'))
+
+
+def samefile(file1, file2):
+    """Provide an alternative for os.path.samefile on Windows/Python2"""
+    if hasattr(os.path, 'samefile'):
+        return os.path.samefile(file1, file2)
+    else:
+        path1 = os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(file1))
+        path2 = os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(file2))
+        return path1 == path2
+
+
+if hasattr(shutil, 'get_terminal_size'):
+    def get_terminal_size():
+        """
+        Returns a tuple (x, y) representing the width(x) and the height(y)
+        in characters of the terminal window.
+        """
+        return tuple(shutil.get_terminal_size())
+else:
+    def get_terminal_size():
+        """
+        Returns a tuple (x, y) representing the width(x) and the height(y)
+        in characters of the terminal window.
+        """
+        def ioctl_GWINSZ(fd):
+            try:
+                import fcntl
+                import termios
+                import struct
+                cr = struct.unpack_from(
+                    'hh',
+                    fcntl.ioctl(fd, termios.TIOCGWINSZ, '12345678')
+                )
+            except Exception:
+                return None
+            if cr == (0, 0):
+                return None
+            return cr
+        cr = ioctl_GWINSZ(0) or ioctl_GWINSZ(1) or ioctl_GWINSZ(2)
+        if not cr:
+            try:
+                fd = os.open(os.ctermid(), os.O_RDONLY)
+                cr = ioctl_GWINSZ(fd)
+                os.close(fd)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        if not cr:
+            cr = (os.environ.get('LINES', 25), os.environ.get('COLUMNS', 80))
+        return int(cr[1]), int(cr[0])
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/deprecation.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/deprecation.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd744cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/deprecation.py
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+"""
+A module that implements tooling to enable easy warnings about deprecations.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import warnings
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse
+
+from pip import __version__ as current_version
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from typing import Any, Optional  # noqa: F401
+
+
+class PipDeprecationWarning(Warning):
+    pass
+
+
+_original_showwarning = None  # type: Any
+
+
+# Warnings <-> Logging Integration
+def _showwarning(message, category, filename, lineno, file=None, line=None):
+    if file is not None:
+        if _original_showwarning is not None:
+            _original_showwarning(
+                message, category, filename, lineno, file, line,
+            )
+    elif issubclass(category, PipDeprecationWarning):
+        # We use a specially named logger which will handle all of the
+        # deprecation messages for pip.
+        logger = logging.getLogger("pip._internal.deprecations")
+        logger.warning(message)
+    else:
+        _original_showwarning(
+            message, category, filename, lineno, file, line,
+        )
+
+
+def install_warning_logger():
+    # Enable our Deprecation Warnings
+    warnings.simplefilter("default", PipDeprecationWarning, append=True)
+
+    global _original_showwarning
+
+    if _original_showwarning is None:
+        _original_showwarning = warnings.showwarning
+        warnings.showwarning = _showwarning
+
+
+def deprecated(reason, replacement, gone_in, issue=None):
+    # type: (str, Optional[str], Optional[str], Optional[int]) -> None
+    """Helper to deprecate existing functionality.
+
+    reason:
+        Textual reason shown to the user about why this functionality has
+        been deprecated.
+    replacement:
+        Textual suggestion shown to the user about what alternative
+        functionality they can use.
+    gone_in:
+        The version of pip does this functionality should get removed in.
+        Raises errors if pip's current version is greater than or equal to
+        this.
+    issue:
+        Issue number on the tracker that would serve as a useful place for
+        users to find related discussion and provide feedback.
+
+    Always pass replacement, gone_in and issue as keyword arguments for clarity
+    at the call site.
+    """
+
+    # Construct a nice message.
+    # This is purposely eagerly formatted as we want it to appear as if someone
+    # typed this entire message out.
+    message = "DEPRECATION: " + reason
+    if replacement is not None:
+        message += " A possible replacement is {}.".format(replacement)
+    if issue is not None:
+        url = "https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/" + str(issue)
+        message += " You can find discussion regarding this at {}.".format(url)
+
+    # Raise as an error if it has to be removed.
+    if gone_in is not None and parse(current_version) >= parse(gone_in):
+        raise PipDeprecationWarning(message)
+    warnings.warn(message, category=PipDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/encoding.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/encoding.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56f6036
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/encoding.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import codecs
+import locale
+import re
+import sys
+
+BOMS = [
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF8, 'utf8'),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF16, 'utf16'),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE, 'utf16-be'),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE, 'utf16-le'),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF32, 'utf32'),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE, 'utf32-be'),
+    (codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE, 'utf32-le'),
+]
+
+ENCODING_RE = re.compile(br'coding[:=]\s*([-\w.]+)')
+
+
+def auto_decode(data):
+    """Check a bytes string for a BOM to correctly detect the encoding
+
+    Fallback to locale.getpreferredencoding(False) like open() on Python3"""
+    for bom, encoding in BOMS:
+        if data.startswith(bom):
+            return data[len(bom):].decode(encoding)
+    # Lets check the first two lines as in PEP263
+    for line in data.split(b'\n')[:2]:
+        if line[0:1] == b'#' and ENCODING_RE.search(line):
+            encoding = ENCODING_RE.search(line).groups()[0].decode('ascii')
+            return data.decode(encoding)
+    return data.decode(
+        locale.getpreferredencoding(False) or sys.getdefaultencoding(),
+    )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/filesystem.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/filesystem.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e9cebd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/filesystem.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import os
+import os.path
+
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import get_path_uid
+
+
+def check_path_owner(path):
+    # If we don't have a way to check the effective uid of this process, then
+    # we'll just assume that we own the directory.
+    if not hasattr(os, "geteuid"):
+        return True
+
+    previous = None
+    while path != previous:
+        if os.path.lexists(path):
+            # Check if path is writable by current user.
+            if os.geteuid() == 0:
+                # Special handling for root user in order to handle properly
+                # cases where users use sudo without -H flag.
+                try:
+                    path_uid = get_path_uid(path)
+                except OSError:
+                    return False
+                return path_uid == 0
+            else:
+                return os.access(path, os.W_OK)
+        else:
+            previous, path = path, os.path.dirname(path)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/glibc.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/glibc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ebcfc5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/glibc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import ctypes
+import re
+import warnings
+
+
+def glibc_version_string():
+    "Returns glibc version string, or None if not using glibc."
+
+    # ctypes.CDLL(None) internally calls dlopen(NULL), and as the dlopen
+    # manpage says, "If filename is NULL, then the returned handle is for the
+    # main program". This way we can let the linker do the work to figure out
+    # which libc our process is actually using.
+    process_namespace = ctypes.CDLL(None)
+    try:
+        gnu_get_libc_version = process_namespace.gnu_get_libc_version
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Symbol doesn't exist -> therefore, we are not linked to
+        # glibc.
+        return None
+
+    # Call gnu_get_libc_version, which returns a string like "2.5"
+    gnu_get_libc_version.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
+    version_str = gnu_get_libc_version()
+    # py2 / py3 compatibility:
+    if not isinstance(version_str, str):
+        version_str = version_str.decode("ascii")
+
+    return version_str
+
+
+# Separated out from have_compatible_glibc for easier unit testing
+def check_glibc_version(version_str, required_major, minimum_minor):
+    # Parse string and check against requested version.
+    #
+    # We use a regexp instead of str.split because we want to discard any
+    # random junk that might come after the minor version -- this might happen
+    # in patched/forked versions of glibc (e.g. Linaro's version of glibc
+    # uses version strings like "2.20-2014.11"). See gh-3588.
+    m = re.match(r"(?P<major>[0-9]+)\.(?P<minor>[0-9]+)", version_str)
+    if not m:
+        warnings.warn("Expected glibc version with 2 components major.minor,"
+                      " got: %s" % version_str, RuntimeWarning)
+        return False
+    return (int(m.group("major")) == required_major and
+            int(m.group("minor")) >= minimum_minor)
+
+
+def have_compatible_glibc(required_major, minimum_minor):
+    version_str = glibc_version_string()
+    if version_str is None:
+        return False
+    return check_glibc_version(version_str, required_major, minimum_minor)
+
+
+# platform.libc_ver regularly returns completely nonsensical glibc
+# versions. E.g. on my computer, platform says:
+#
+#   ~$ python2.7 -c 'import platform; print(platform.libc_ver())'
+#   ('glibc', '2.7')
+#   ~$ python3.5 -c 'import platform; print(platform.libc_ver())'
+#   ('glibc', '2.9')
+#
+# But the truth is:
+#
+#   ~$ ldd --version
+#   ldd (Debian GLIBC 2.22-11) 2.22
+#
+# This is unfortunate, because it means that the linehaul data on libc
+# versions that was generated by pip 8.1.2 and earlier is useless and
+# misleading. Solution: instead of using platform, use our code that actually
+# works.
+def libc_ver():
+    """Try to determine the glibc version
+
+    Returns a tuple of strings (lib, version) which default to empty strings
+    in case the lookup fails.
+    """
+    glibc_version = glibc_version_string()
+    if glibc_version is None:
+        return ("", "")
+    else:
+        return ("glibc", glibc_version)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/hashes.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/hashes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b909ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/hashes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import hashlib
+
+from pip._vendor.six import iteritems, iterkeys, itervalues
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    HashMismatch, HashMissing, InstallationError,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import read_chunks
+
+# The recommended hash algo of the moment. Change this whenever the state of
+# the art changes; it won't hurt backward compatibility.
+FAVORITE_HASH = 'sha256'
+
+
+# Names of hashlib algorithms allowed by the --hash option and ``pip hash``
+# Currently, those are the ones at least as collision-resistant as sha256.
+STRONG_HASHES = ['sha256', 'sha384', 'sha512']
+
+
+class Hashes(object):
+    """A wrapper that builds multiple hashes at once and checks them against
+    known-good values
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self, hashes=None):
+        """
+        :param hashes: A dict of algorithm names pointing to lists of allowed
+            hex digests
+        """
+        self._allowed = {} if hashes is None else hashes
+
+    def check_against_chunks(self, chunks):
+        """Check good hashes against ones built from iterable of chunks of
+        data.
+
+        Raise HashMismatch if none match.
+
+        """
+        gots = {}
+        for hash_name in iterkeys(self._allowed):
+            try:
+                gots[hash_name] = hashlib.new(hash_name)
+            except (ValueError, TypeError):
+                raise InstallationError('Unknown hash name: %s' % hash_name)
+
+        for chunk in chunks:
+            for hash in itervalues(gots):
+                hash.update(chunk)
+
+        for hash_name, got in iteritems(gots):
+            if got.hexdigest() in self._allowed[hash_name]:
+                return
+        self._raise(gots)
+
+    def _raise(self, gots):
+        raise HashMismatch(self._allowed, gots)
+
+    def check_against_file(self, file):
+        """Check good hashes against a file-like object
+
+        Raise HashMismatch if none match.
+
+        """
+        return self.check_against_chunks(read_chunks(file))
+
+    def check_against_path(self, path):
+        with open(path, 'rb') as file:
+            return self.check_against_file(file)
+
+    def __nonzero__(self):
+        """Return whether I know any known-good hashes."""
+        return bool(self._allowed)
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return self.__nonzero__()
+
+
+class MissingHashes(Hashes):
+    """A workalike for Hashes used when we're missing a hash for a requirement
+
+    It computes the actual hash of the requirement and raises a HashMissing
+    exception showing it to the user.
+
+    """
+    def __init__(self):
+        """Don't offer the ``hashes`` kwarg."""
+        # Pass our favorite hash in to generate a "gotten hash". With the
+        # empty list, it will never match, so an error will always raise.
+        super(MissingHashes, self).__init__(hashes={FAVORITE_HASH: []})
+
+    def _raise(self, gots):
+        raise HashMissing(gots[FAVORITE_HASH].hexdigest())
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/logging.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/logging.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9b9541
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/logging.py
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import contextlib
+import logging
+import logging.handlers
+import os
+
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir
+
+try:
+    import threading
+except ImportError:
+    import dummy_threading as threading  # type: ignore
+
+
+try:
+    from pip._vendor import colorama
+# Lots of different errors can come from this, including SystemError and
+# ImportError.
+except Exception:
+    colorama = None
+
+
+_log_state = threading.local()
+_log_state.indentation = 0
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def indent_log(num=2):
+    """
+    A context manager which will cause the log output to be indented for any
+    log messages emitted inside it.
+    """
+    _log_state.indentation += num
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        _log_state.indentation -= num
+
+
+def get_indentation():
+    return getattr(_log_state, 'indentation', 0)
+
+
+class IndentingFormatter(logging.Formatter):
+
+    def format(self, record):
+        """
+        Calls the standard formatter, but will indent all of the log messages
+        by our current indentation level.
+        """
+        formatted = logging.Formatter.format(self, record)
+        formatted = "".join([
+            (" " * get_indentation()) + line
+            for line in formatted.splitlines(True)
+        ])
+        return formatted
+
+
+def _color_wrap(*colors):
+    def wrapped(inp):
+        return "".join(list(colors) + [inp, colorama.Style.RESET_ALL])
+    return wrapped
+
+
+class ColorizedStreamHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
+
+    # Don't build up a list of colors if we don't have colorama
+    if colorama:
+        COLORS = [
+            # This needs to be in order from highest logging level to lowest.
+            (logging.ERROR, _color_wrap(colorama.Fore.RED)),
+            (logging.WARNING, _color_wrap(colorama.Fore.YELLOW)),
+        ]
+    else:
+        COLORS = []
+
+    def __init__(self, stream=None, no_color=None):
+        logging.StreamHandler.__init__(self, stream)
+        self._no_color = no_color
+
+        if WINDOWS and colorama:
+            self.stream = colorama.AnsiToWin32(self.stream)
+
+    def should_color(self):
+        # Don't colorize things if we do not have colorama or if told not to
+        if not colorama or self._no_color:
+            return False
+
+        real_stream = (
+            self.stream if not isinstance(self.stream, colorama.AnsiToWin32)
+            else self.stream.wrapped
+        )
+
+        # If the stream is a tty we should color it
+        if hasattr(real_stream, "isatty") and real_stream.isatty():
+            return True
+
+        # If we have an ANSI term we should color it
+        if os.environ.get("TERM") == "ANSI":
+            return True
+
+        # If anything else we should not color it
+        return False
+
+    def format(self, record):
+        msg = logging.StreamHandler.format(self, record)
+
+        if self.should_color():
+            for level, color in self.COLORS:
+                if record.levelno >= level:
+                    msg = color(msg)
+                    break
+
+        return msg
+
+
+class BetterRotatingFileHandler(logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler):
+
+    def _open(self):
+        ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(self.baseFilename))
+        return logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler._open(self)
+
+
+class MaxLevelFilter(logging.Filter):
+
+    def __init__(self, level):
+        self.level = level
+
+    def filter(self, record):
+        return record.levelno < self.level
+
+
+def setup_logging(verbosity, no_color, user_log_file):
+    """Configures and sets up all of the logging
+    """
+
+    # Determine the level to be logging at.
+    if verbosity >= 1:
+        level = "DEBUG"
+    elif verbosity == -1:
+        level = "WARNING"
+    elif verbosity == -2:
+        level = "ERROR"
+    elif verbosity <= -3:
+        level = "CRITICAL"
+    else:
+        level = "INFO"
+
+    # The "root" logger should match the "console" level *unless* we also need
+    # to log to a user log file.
+    include_user_log = user_log_file is not None
+    if include_user_log:
+        additional_log_file = user_log_file
+        root_level = "DEBUG"
+    else:
+        additional_log_file = "/dev/null"
+        root_level = level
+
+    # Disable any logging besides WARNING unless we have DEBUG level logging
+    # enabled for vendored libraries.
+    vendored_log_level = "WARNING" if level in ["INFO", "ERROR"] else "DEBUG"
+
+    # Shorthands for clarity
+    log_streams = {
+        "stdout": "ext://sys.stdout",
+        "stderr": "ext://sys.stderr",
+    }
+    handler_classes = {
+        "stream": "pip._internal.utils.logging.ColorizedStreamHandler",
+        "file": "pip._internal.utils.logging.BetterRotatingFileHandler",
+    }
+
+    logging.config.dictConfig({
+        "version": 1,
+        "disable_existing_loggers": False,
+        "filters": {
+            "exclude_warnings": {
+                "()": "pip._internal.utils.logging.MaxLevelFilter",
+                "level": logging.WARNING,
+            },
+        },
+        "formatters": {
+            "indent": {
+                "()": IndentingFormatter,
+                "format": "%(message)s",
+            },
+        },
+        "handlers": {
+            "console": {
+                "level": level,
+                "class": handler_classes["stream"],
+                "no_color": no_color,
+                "stream": log_streams["stdout"],
+                "filters": ["exclude_warnings"],
+                "formatter": "indent",
+            },
+            "console_errors": {
+                "level": "WARNING",
+                "class": handler_classes["stream"],
+                "no_color": no_color,
+                "stream": log_streams["stderr"],
+                "formatter": "indent",
+            },
+            "user_log": {
+                "level": "DEBUG",
+                "class": handler_classes["file"],
+                "filename": additional_log_file,
+                "delay": True,
+                "formatter": "indent",
+            },
+        },
+        "root": {
+            "level": root_level,
+            "handlers": ["console", "console_errors"] + (
+                ["user_log"] if include_user_log else []
+            ),
+        },
+        "loggers": {
+            "pip._vendor": {
+                "level": vendored_log_level
+            }
+        },
+    })
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/misc.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/misc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9e552e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/misc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,958 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import contextlib
+import errno
+import io
+import locale
+# we have a submodule named 'logging' which would shadow this if we used the
+# regular name:
+import logging as std_logging
+import os
+import posixpath
+import re
+import shutil
+import stat
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tarfile
+import zipfile
+from collections import deque
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources
+# NOTE: retrying is not annotated in typeshed as on 2017-07-17, which is
+#       why we ignore the type on this import.
+from pip._vendor.retrying import retry  # type: ignore
+from pip._vendor.six import PY2
+from pip._vendor.six.moves import input
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import parse as urllib_parse
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError, InstallationError
+from pip._internal.locations import (
+    running_under_virtualenv, site_packages, user_site, virtualenv_no_global,
+    write_delete_marker_file,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import (
+    WINDOWS, console_to_str, expanduser, stdlib_pkgs,
+)
+
+if PY2:
+    from io import BytesIO as StringIO
+else:
+    from io import StringIO
+
+__all__ = ['rmtree', 'display_path', 'backup_dir',
+           'ask', 'splitext',
+           'format_size', 'is_installable_dir',
+           'is_svn_page', 'file_contents',
+           'split_leading_dir', 'has_leading_dir',
+           'normalize_path',
+           'renames', 'get_prog',
+           'unzip_file', 'untar_file', 'unpack_file', 'call_subprocess',
+           'captured_stdout', 'ensure_dir',
+           'ARCHIVE_EXTENSIONS', 'SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS',
+           'get_installed_version', 'remove_auth_from_url']
+
+
+logger = std_logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+BZ2_EXTENSIONS = ('.tar.bz2', '.tbz')
+XZ_EXTENSIONS = ('.tar.xz', '.txz', '.tlz', '.tar.lz', '.tar.lzma')
+ZIP_EXTENSIONS = ('.zip', '.whl')
+TAR_EXTENSIONS = ('.tar.gz', '.tgz', '.tar')
+ARCHIVE_EXTENSIONS = (
+    ZIP_EXTENSIONS + BZ2_EXTENSIONS + TAR_EXTENSIONS + XZ_EXTENSIONS)
+SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS = ZIP_EXTENSIONS + TAR_EXTENSIONS
+try:
+    import bz2  # noqa
+    SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS += BZ2_EXTENSIONS
+except ImportError:
+    logger.debug('bz2 module is not available')
+
+try:
+    # Only for Python 3.3+
+    import lzma  # noqa
+    SUPPORTED_EXTENSIONS += XZ_EXTENSIONS
+except ImportError:
+    logger.debug('lzma module is not available')
+
+
+def import_or_raise(pkg_or_module_string, ExceptionType, *args, **kwargs):
+    try:
+        return __import__(pkg_or_module_string)
+    except ImportError:
+        raise ExceptionType(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def ensure_dir(path):
+    """os.path.makedirs without EEXIST."""
+    try:
+        os.makedirs(path)
+    except OSError as e:
+        if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
+            raise
+
+
+def get_prog():
+    try:
+        prog = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])
+        if prog in ('__main__.py', '-c'):
+            return "%s -m pip" % sys.executable
+        else:
+            return prog
+    except (AttributeError, TypeError, IndexError):
+        pass
+    return 'pip'
+
+
+# Retry every half second for up to 3 seconds
+@retry(stop_max_delay=3000, wait_fixed=500)
+def rmtree(dir, ignore_errors=False):
+    shutil.rmtree(dir, ignore_errors=ignore_errors,
+                  onerror=rmtree_errorhandler)
+
+
+def rmtree_errorhandler(func, path, exc_info):
+    """On Windows, the files in .svn are read-only, so when rmtree() tries to
+    remove them, an exception is thrown.  We catch that here, remove the
+    read-only attribute, and hopefully continue without problems."""
+    # if file type currently read only
+    if os.stat(path).st_mode & stat.S_IREAD:
+        # convert to read/write
+        os.chmod(path, stat.S_IWRITE)
+        # use the original function to repeat the operation
+        func(path)
+        return
+    else:
+        raise
+
+
+def display_path(path):
+    """Gives the display value for a given path, making it relative to cwd
+    if possible."""
+    path = os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(path))
+    if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+        path = path.decode(sys.getfilesystemencoding(), 'replace')
+        path = path.encode(sys.getdefaultencoding(), 'replace')
+    if path.startswith(os.getcwd() + os.path.sep):
+        path = '.' + path[len(os.getcwd()):]
+    return path
+
+
+def backup_dir(dir, ext='.bak'):
+    """Figure out the name of a directory to back up the given dir to
+    (adding .bak, .bak2, etc)"""
+    n = 1
+    extension = ext
+    while os.path.exists(dir + extension):
+        n += 1
+        extension = ext + str(n)
+    return dir + extension
+
+
+def ask_path_exists(message, options):
+    for action in os.environ.get('PIP_EXISTS_ACTION', '').split():
+        if action in options:
+            return action
+    return ask(message, options)
+
+
+def ask(message, options):
+    """Ask the message interactively, with the given possible responses"""
+    while 1:
+        if os.environ.get('PIP_NO_INPUT'):
+            raise Exception(
+                'No input was expected ($PIP_NO_INPUT set); question: %s' %
+                message
+            )
+        response = input(message)
+        response = response.strip().lower()
+        if response not in options:
+            print(
+                'Your response (%r) was not one of the expected responses: '
+                '%s' % (response, ', '.join(options))
+            )
+        else:
+            return response
+
+
+def format_size(bytes):
+    if bytes > 1000 * 1000:
+        return '%.1fMB' % (bytes / 1000.0 / 1000)
+    elif bytes > 10 * 1000:
+        return '%ikB' % (bytes / 1000)
+    elif bytes > 1000:
+        return '%.1fkB' % (bytes / 1000.0)
+    else:
+        return '%ibytes' % bytes
+
+
+def is_installable_dir(path):
+    """Is path is a directory containing setup.py or pyproject.toml?
+    """
+    if not os.path.isdir(path):
+        return False
+    setup_py = os.path.join(path, 'setup.py')
+    if os.path.isfile(setup_py):
+        return True
+    pyproject_toml = os.path.join(path, 'pyproject.toml')
+    if os.path.isfile(pyproject_toml):
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def is_svn_page(html):
+    """
+    Returns true if the page appears to be the index page of an svn repository
+    """
+    return (re.search(r'<title>[^<]*Revision \d+:', html) and
+            re.search(r'Powered by (?:<a[^>]*?>)?Subversion', html, re.I))
+
+
+def file_contents(filename):
+    with open(filename, 'rb') as fp:
+        return fp.read().decode('utf-8')
+
+
+def read_chunks(file, size=io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE):
+    """Yield pieces of data from a file-like object until EOF."""
+    while True:
+        chunk = file.read(size)
+        if not chunk:
+            break
+        yield chunk
+
+
+def split_leading_dir(path):
+    path = path.lstrip('/').lstrip('\\')
+    if '/' in path and (('\\' in path and path.find('/') < path.find('\\')) or
+                        '\\' not in path):
+        return path.split('/', 1)
+    elif '\\' in path:
+        return path.split('\\', 1)
+    else:
+        return path, ''
+
+
+def has_leading_dir(paths):
+    """Returns true if all the paths have the same leading path name
+    (i.e., everything is in one subdirectory in an archive)"""
+    common_prefix = None
+    for path in paths:
+        prefix, rest = split_leading_dir(path)
+        if not prefix:
+            return False
+        elif common_prefix is None:
+            common_prefix = prefix
+        elif prefix != common_prefix:
+            return False
+    return True
+
+
+def normalize_path(path, resolve_symlinks=True):
+    """
+    Convert a path to its canonical, case-normalized, absolute version.
+
+    """
+    path = expanduser(path)
+    if resolve_symlinks:
+        path = os.path.realpath(path)
+    else:
+        path = os.path.abspath(path)
+    return os.path.normcase(path)
+
+
+def splitext(path):
+    """Like os.path.splitext, but take off .tar too"""
+    base, ext = posixpath.splitext(path)
+    if base.lower().endswith('.tar'):
+        ext = base[-4:] + ext
+        base = base[:-4]
+    return base, ext
+
+
+def renames(old, new):
+    """Like os.renames(), but handles renaming across devices."""
+    # Implementation borrowed from os.renames().
+    head, tail = os.path.split(new)
+    if head and tail and not os.path.exists(head):
+        os.makedirs(head)
+
+    shutil.move(old, new)
+
+    head, tail = os.path.split(old)
+    if head and tail:
+        try:
+            os.removedirs(head)
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+
+def is_local(path):
+    """
+    Return True if this is a path pip is allowed to modify.
+
+    If we're in a virtualenv, sys.prefix points to the virtualenv's
+    prefix; only sys.prefix is considered local.
+
+    If we're not in a virtualenv, in general we can modify anything.
+    However, if the OS vendor has configured distutils to install
+    somewhere other than sys.prefix (which could be a subdirectory of
+    sys.prefix, e.g. /usr/local), we consider sys.prefix itself nonlocal
+    and the domain of the OS vendor. (In other words, everything _other
+    than_ sys.prefix is considered local.)
+
+    """
+
+    path = normalize_path(path)
+    prefix = normalize_path(sys.prefix)
+
+    if running_under_virtualenv():
+        return path.startswith(normalize_path(sys.prefix))
+    else:
+        from pip._internal.locations import distutils_scheme
+        if path.startswith(prefix):
+            for local_path in distutils_scheme("").values():
+                if path.startswith(normalize_path(local_path)):
+                    return True
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+
+def dist_is_local(dist):
+    """
+    Return True if given Distribution object is installed somewhere pip
+    is allowed to modify.
+
+    """
+    return is_local(dist_location(dist))
+
+
+def dist_in_usersite(dist):
+    """
+    Return True if given Distribution is installed in user site.
+    """
+    norm_path = normalize_path(dist_location(dist))
+    return norm_path.startswith(normalize_path(user_site))
+
+
+def dist_in_site_packages(dist):
+    """
+    Return True if given Distribution is installed in
+    sysconfig.get_python_lib().
+    """
+    return normalize_path(
+        dist_location(dist)
+    ).startswith(normalize_path(site_packages))
+
+
+def dist_is_editable(dist):
+    """Is distribution an editable install?"""
+    for path_item in sys.path:
+        egg_link = os.path.join(path_item, dist.project_name + '.egg-link')
+        if os.path.isfile(egg_link):
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+def get_installed_distributions(local_only=True,
+                                skip=stdlib_pkgs,
+                                include_editables=True,
+                                editables_only=False,
+                                user_only=False):
+    """
+    Return a list of installed Distribution objects.
+
+    If ``local_only`` is True (default), only return installations
+    local to the current virtualenv, if in a virtualenv.
+
+    ``skip`` argument is an iterable of lower-case project names to
+    ignore; defaults to stdlib_pkgs
+
+    If ``include_editables`` is False, don't report editables.
+
+    If ``editables_only`` is True , only report editables.
+
+    If ``user_only`` is True , only report installations in the user
+    site directory.
+
+    """
+    if local_only:
+        local_test = dist_is_local
+    else:
+        def local_test(d):
+            return True
+
+    if include_editables:
+        def editable_test(d):
+            return True
+    else:
+        def editable_test(d):
+            return not dist_is_editable(d)
+
+    if editables_only:
+        def editables_only_test(d):
+            return dist_is_editable(d)
+    else:
+        def editables_only_test(d):
+            return True
+
+    if user_only:
+        user_test = dist_in_usersite
+    else:
+        def user_test(d):
+            return True
+
+    return [d for d in pkg_resources.working_set
+            if local_test(d) and
+            d.key not in skip and
+            editable_test(d) and
+            editables_only_test(d) and
+            user_test(d)
+            ]
+
+
+def egg_link_path(dist):
+    """
+    Return the path for the .egg-link file if it exists, otherwise, None.
+
+    There's 3 scenarios:
+    1) not in a virtualenv
+       try to find in site.USER_SITE, then site_packages
+    2) in a no-global virtualenv
+       try to find in site_packages
+    3) in a yes-global virtualenv
+       try to find in site_packages, then site.USER_SITE
+       (don't look in global location)
+
+    For #1 and #3, there could be odd cases, where there's an egg-link in 2
+    locations.
+
+    This method will just return the first one found.
+    """
+    sites = []
+    if running_under_virtualenv():
+        if virtualenv_no_global():
+            sites.append(site_packages)
+        else:
+            sites.append(site_packages)
+            if user_site:
+                sites.append(user_site)
+    else:
+        if user_site:
+            sites.append(user_site)
+        sites.append(site_packages)
+
+    for site in sites:
+        egglink = os.path.join(site, dist.project_name) + '.egg-link'
+        if os.path.isfile(egglink):
+            return egglink
+
+
+def dist_location(dist):
+    """
+    Get the site-packages location of this distribution. Generally
+    this is dist.location, except in the case of develop-installed
+    packages, where dist.location is the source code location, and we
+    want to know where the egg-link file is.
+
+    """
+    egg_link = egg_link_path(dist)
+    if egg_link:
+        return egg_link
+    return dist.location
+
+
+def current_umask():
+    """Get the current umask which involves having to set it temporarily."""
+    mask = os.umask(0)
+    os.umask(mask)
+    return mask
+
+
+def unzip_file(filename, location, flatten=True):
+    """
+    Unzip the file (with path `filename`) to the destination `location`.  All
+    files are written based on system defaults and umask (i.e. permissions are
+    not preserved), except that regular file members with any execute
+    permissions (user, group, or world) have "chmod +x" applied after being
+    written. Note that for windows, any execute changes using os.chmod are
+    no-ops per the python docs.
+    """
+    ensure_dir(location)
+    zipfp = open(filename, 'rb')
+    try:
+        zip = zipfile.ZipFile(zipfp, allowZip64=True)
+        leading = has_leading_dir(zip.namelist()) and flatten
+        for info in zip.infolist():
+            name = info.filename
+            data = zip.read(name)
+            fn = name
+            if leading:
+                fn = split_leading_dir(name)[1]
+            fn = os.path.join(location, fn)
+            dir = os.path.dirname(fn)
+            if fn.endswith('/') or fn.endswith('\\'):
+                # A directory
+                ensure_dir(fn)
+            else:
+                ensure_dir(dir)
+                fp = open(fn, 'wb')
+                try:
+                    fp.write(data)
+                finally:
+                    fp.close()
+                    mode = info.external_attr >> 16
+                    # if mode and regular file and any execute permissions for
+                    # user/group/world?
+                    if mode and stat.S_ISREG(mode) and mode & 0o111:
+                        # make dest file have execute for user/group/world
+                        # (chmod +x) no-op on windows per python docs
+                        os.chmod(fn, (0o777 - current_umask() | 0o111))
+    finally:
+        zipfp.close()
+
+
+def untar_file(filename, location):
+    """
+    Untar the file (with path `filename`) to the destination `location`.
+    All files are written based on system defaults and umask (i.e. permissions
+    are not preserved), except that regular file members with any execute
+    permissions (user, group, or world) have "chmod +x" applied after being
+    written.  Note that for windows, any execute changes using os.chmod are
+    no-ops per the python docs.
+    """
+    ensure_dir(location)
+    if filename.lower().endswith('.gz') or filename.lower().endswith('.tgz'):
+        mode = 'r:gz'
+    elif filename.lower().endswith(BZ2_EXTENSIONS):
+        mode = 'r:bz2'
+    elif filename.lower().endswith(XZ_EXTENSIONS):
+        mode = 'r:xz'
+    elif filename.lower().endswith('.tar'):
+        mode = 'r'
+    else:
+        logger.warning(
+            'Cannot determine compression type for file %s', filename,
+        )
+        mode = 'r:*'
+    tar = tarfile.open(filename, mode)
+    try:
+        # note: python<=2.5 doesn't seem to know about pax headers, filter them
+        leading = has_leading_dir([
+            member.name for member in tar.getmembers()
+            if member.name != 'pax_global_header'
+        ])
+        for member in tar.getmembers():
+            fn = member.name
+            if fn == 'pax_global_header':
+                continue
+            if leading:
+                fn = split_leading_dir(fn)[1]
+            path = os.path.join(location, fn)
+            if member.isdir():
+                ensure_dir(path)
+            elif member.issym():
+                try:
+                    tar._extract_member(member, path)
+                except Exception as exc:
+                    # Some corrupt tar files seem to produce this
+                    # (specifically bad symlinks)
+                    logger.warning(
+                        'In the tar file %s the member %s is invalid: %s',
+                        filename, member.name, exc,
+                    )
+                    continue
+            else:
+                try:
+                    fp = tar.extractfile(member)
+                except (KeyError, AttributeError) as exc:
+                    # Some corrupt tar files seem to produce this
+                    # (specifically bad symlinks)
+                    logger.warning(
+                        'In the tar file %s the member %s is invalid: %s',
+                        filename, member.name, exc,
+                    )
+                    continue
+                ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(path))
+                with open(path, 'wb') as destfp:
+                    shutil.copyfileobj(fp, destfp)
+                fp.close()
+                # Update the timestamp (useful for cython compiled files)
+                tar.utime(member, path)
+                # member have any execute permissions for user/group/world?
+                if member.mode & 0o111:
+                    # make dest file have execute for user/group/world
+                    # no-op on windows per python docs
+                    os.chmod(path, (0o777 - current_umask() | 0o111))
+    finally:
+        tar.close()
+
+
+def unpack_file(filename, location, content_type, link):
+    filename = os.path.realpath(filename)
+    if (content_type == 'application/zip' or
+            filename.lower().endswith(ZIP_EXTENSIONS) or
+            zipfile.is_zipfile(filename)):
+        unzip_file(
+            filename,
+            location,
+            flatten=not filename.endswith('.whl')
+        )
+    elif (content_type == 'application/x-gzip' or
+            tarfile.is_tarfile(filename) or
+            filename.lower().endswith(
+                TAR_EXTENSIONS + BZ2_EXTENSIONS + XZ_EXTENSIONS)):
+        untar_file(filename, location)
+    elif (content_type and content_type.startswith('text/html') and
+            is_svn_page(file_contents(filename))):
+        # We don't really care about this
+        from pip._internal.vcs.subversion import Subversion
+        Subversion('svn+' + link.url).unpack(location)
+    else:
+        # FIXME: handle?
+        # FIXME: magic signatures?
+        logger.critical(
+            'Cannot unpack file %s (downloaded from %s, content-type: %s); '
+            'cannot detect archive format',
+            filename, location, content_type,
+        )
+        raise InstallationError(
+            'Cannot determine archive format of %s' % location
+        )
+
+
+def call_subprocess(cmd, show_stdout=True, cwd=None,
+                    on_returncode='raise',
+                    command_desc=None,
+                    extra_environ=None, unset_environ=None, spinner=None):
+    """
+    Args:
+      unset_environ: an iterable of environment variable names to unset
+        prior to calling subprocess.Popen().
+    """
+    if unset_environ is None:
+        unset_environ = []
+    # This function's handling of subprocess output is confusing and I
+    # previously broke it terribly, so as penance I will write a long comment
+    # explaining things.
+    #
+    # The obvious thing that affects output is the show_stdout=
+    # kwarg. show_stdout=True means, let the subprocess write directly to our
+    # stdout. Even though it is nominally the default, it is almost never used
+    # inside pip (and should not be used in new code without a very good
+    # reason); as of 2016-02-22 it is only used in a few places inside the VCS
+    # wrapper code. Ideally we should get rid of it entirely, because it
+    # creates a lot of complexity here for a rarely used feature.
+    #
+    # Most places in pip set show_stdout=False. What this means is:
+    # - We connect the child stdout to a pipe, which we read.
+    # - By default, we hide the output but show a spinner -- unless the
+    #   subprocess exits with an error, in which case we show the output.
+    # - If the --verbose option was passed (= loglevel is DEBUG), then we show
+    #   the output unconditionally. (But in this case we don't want to show
+    #   the output a second time if it turns out that there was an error.)
+    #
+    # stderr is always merged with stdout (even if show_stdout=True).
+    if show_stdout:
+        stdout = None
+    else:
+        stdout = subprocess.PIPE
+    if command_desc is None:
+        cmd_parts = []
+        for part in cmd:
+            if ' ' in part or '\n' in part or '"' in part or "'" in part:
+                part = '"%s"' % part.replace('"', '\\"')
+            cmd_parts.append(part)
+        command_desc = ' '.join(cmd_parts)
+    logger.debug("Running command %s", command_desc)
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    if extra_environ:
+        env.update(extra_environ)
+    for name in unset_environ:
+        env.pop(name, None)
+    try:
+        proc = subprocess.Popen(
+            cmd, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stdout=stdout, cwd=cwd, env=env,
+        )
+        proc.stdin.close()
+    except Exception as exc:
+        logger.critical(
+            "Error %s while executing command %s", exc, command_desc,
+        )
+        raise
+    all_output = []
+    if stdout is not None:
+        while True:
+            line = console_to_str(proc.stdout.readline())
+            if not line:
+                break
+            line = line.rstrip()
+            all_output.append(line + '\n')
+            if logger.getEffectiveLevel() <= std_logging.DEBUG:
+                # Show the line immediately
+                logger.debug(line)
+            else:
+                # Update the spinner
+                if spinner is not None:
+                    spinner.spin()
+    try:
+        proc.wait()
+    finally:
+        if proc.stdout:
+            proc.stdout.close()
+    if spinner is not None:
+        if proc.returncode:
+            spinner.finish("error")
+        else:
+            spinner.finish("done")
+    if proc.returncode:
+        if on_returncode == 'raise':
+            if (logger.getEffectiveLevel() > std_logging.DEBUG and
+                    not show_stdout):
+                logger.info(
+                    'Complete output from command %s:', command_desc,
+                )
+                logger.info(
+                    ''.join(all_output) +
+                    '\n----------------------------------------'
+                )
+            raise InstallationError(
+                'Command "%s" failed with error code %s in %s'
+                % (command_desc, proc.returncode, cwd))
+        elif on_returncode == 'warn':
+            logger.warning(
+                'Command "%s" had error code %s in %s',
+                command_desc, proc.returncode, cwd,
+            )
+        elif on_returncode == 'ignore':
+            pass
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid value: on_returncode=%s' %
+                             repr(on_returncode))
+    if not show_stdout:
+        return ''.join(all_output)
+
+
+def read_text_file(filename):
+    """Return the contents of *filename*.
+
+    Try to decode the file contents with utf-8, the preferred system encoding
+    (e.g., cp1252 on some Windows machines), and latin1, in that order.
+    Decoding a byte string with latin1 will never raise an error. In the worst
+    case, the returned string will contain some garbage characters.
+
+    """
+    with open(filename, 'rb') as fp:
+        data = fp.read()
+
+    encodings = ['utf-8', locale.getpreferredencoding(False), 'latin1']
+    for enc in encodings:
+        try:
+            data = data.decode(enc)
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            continue
+        break
+
+    assert type(data) != bytes  # Latin1 should have worked.
+    return data
+
+
+def _make_build_dir(build_dir):
+    os.makedirs(build_dir)
+    write_delete_marker_file(build_dir)
+
+
+class FakeFile(object):
+    """Wrap a list of lines in an object with readline() to make
+    ConfigParser happy."""
+    def __init__(self, lines):
+        self._gen = (l for l in lines)
+
+    def readline(self):
+        try:
+            try:
+                return next(self._gen)
+            except NameError:
+                return self._gen.next()
+        except StopIteration:
+            return ''
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self._gen
+
+
+class StreamWrapper(StringIO):
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_stream(cls, orig_stream):
+        cls.orig_stream = orig_stream
+        return cls()
+
+    # compileall.compile_dir() needs stdout.encoding to print to stdout
+    @property
+    def encoding(self):
+        return self.orig_stream.encoding
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def captured_output(stream_name):
+    """Return a context manager used by captured_stdout/stdin/stderr
+    that temporarily replaces the sys stream *stream_name* with a StringIO.
+
+    Taken from Lib/support/__init__.py in the CPython repo.
+    """
+    orig_stdout = getattr(sys, stream_name)
+    setattr(sys, stream_name, StreamWrapper.from_stream(orig_stdout))
+    try:
+        yield getattr(sys, stream_name)
+    finally:
+        setattr(sys, stream_name, orig_stdout)
+
+
+def captured_stdout():
+    """Capture the output of sys.stdout:
+
+       with captured_stdout() as stdout:
+           print('hello')
+       self.assertEqual(stdout.getvalue(), 'hello\n')
+
+    Taken from Lib/support/__init__.py in the CPython repo.
+    """
+    return captured_output('stdout')
+
+
+class cached_property(object):
+    """A property that is only computed once per instance and then replaces
+       itself with an ordinary attribute. Deleting the attribute resets the
+       property.
+
+       Source: https://github.com/bottlepy/bottle/blob/0.11.5/bottle.py#L175
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, func):
+        self.__doc__ = getattr(func, '__doc__')
+        self.func = func
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, cls):
+        if obj is None:
+            # We're being accessed from the class itself, not from an object
+            return self
+        value = obj.__dict__[self.func.__name__] = self.func(obj)
+        return value
+
+
+def get_installed_version(dist_name, working_set=None):
+    """Get the installed version of dist_name avoiding pkg_resources cache"""
+    # Create a requirement that we'll look for inside of setuptools.
+    req = pkg_resources.Requirement.parse(dist_name)
+
+    if working_set is None:
+        # We want to avoid having this cached, so we need to construct a new
+        # working set each time.
+        working_set = pkg_resources.WorkingSet()
+
+    # Get the installed distribution from our working set
+    dist = working_set.find(req)
+
+    # Check to see if we got an installed distribution or not, if we did
+    # we want to return it's version.
+    return dist.version if dist else None
+
+
+def consume(iterator):
+    """Consume an iterable at C speed."""
+    deque(iterator, maxlen=0)
+
+
+# Simulates an enum
+def enum(*sequential, **named):
+    enums = dict(zip(sequential, range(len(sequential))), **named)
+    reverse = {value: key for key, value in enums.items()}
+    enums['reverse_mapping'] = reverse
+    return type('Enum', (), enums)
+
+
+def make_vcs_requirement_url(repo_url, rev, egg_project_name, subdir=None):
+    """
+    Return the URL for a VCS requirement.
+
+    Args:
+      repo_url: the remote VCS url, with any needed VCS prefix (e.g. "git+").
+    """
+    req = '{}@{}#egg={}'.format(repo_url, rev, egg_project_name)
+    if subdir:
+        req += '&subdirectory={}'.format(subdir)
+
+    return req
+
+
+def split_auth_from_netloc(netloc):
+    """
+    Parse out and remove the auth information from a netloc.
+
+    Returns: (netloc, (username, password)).
+    """
+    if '@' not in netloc:
+        return netloc, (None, None)
+
+    # Split from the right because that's how urllib.parse.urlsplit()
+    # behaves if more than one @ is present (which can be checked using
+    # the password attribute of urlsplit()'s return value).
+    auth, netloc = netloc.rsplit('@', 1)
+    if ':' in auth:
+        # Split from the left because that's how urllib.parse.urlsplit()
+        # behaves if more than one : is present (which again can be checked
+        # using the password attribute of the return value)
+        user_pass = tuple(auth.split(':', 1))
+    else:
+        user_pass = auth, None
+
+    return netloc, user_pass
+
+
+def remove_auth_from_url(url):
+    # Return a copy of url with 'username:password@' removed.
+    # username/pass params are passed to subversion through flags
+    # and are not recognized in the url.
+
+    # parsed url
+    purl = urllib_parse.urlsplit(url)
+    netloc, user_pass = split_auth_from_netloc(purl.netloc)
+
+    # stripped url
+    url_pieces = (
+        purl.scheme, netloc, purl.path, purl.query, purl.fragment
+    )
+    surl = urllib_parse.urlunsplit(url_pieces)
+    return surl
+
+
+def protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows(modifying_pip):
+    """Protection of pip.exe from modification on Windows
+
+    On Windows, any operation modifying pip should be run as:
+        python -m pip ...
+    """
+    pip_names = [
+        "pip.exe",
+        "pip{}.exe".format(sys.version_info[0]),
+        "pip{}.{}.exe".format(*sys.version_info[:2])
+    ]
+
+    # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1299 for more discussion
+    should_show_use_python_msg = (
+        modifying_pip and
+        WINDOWS and
+        os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]) in pip_names
+    )
+
+    if should_show_use_python_msg:
+        new_command = [
+            sys.executable, "-m", "pip"
+        ] + sys.argv[1:]
+        raise CommandError(
+            'To modify pip, please run the following command:\n{}'
+            .format(" ".join(new_command))
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/models.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5cb80a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+"""Utilities for defining models
+"""
+
+import operator
+
+
+class KeyBasedCompareMixin(object):
+    """Provides comparision capabilities that is based on a key
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, key, defining_class):
+        self._compare_key = key
+        self._defining_class = defining_class
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._compare_key)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__lt__)
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__le__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__gt__)
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__ge__)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__eq__)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, operator.__ne__)
+
+    def _compare(self, other, method):
+        if not isinstance(other, self._defining_class):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return method(self._compare_key, other._compare_key)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/outdated.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/outdated.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bfbfe1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/outdated.py
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import datetime
+import json
+import logging
+import os.path
+import sys
+
+from pip._vendor import lockfile, pkg_resources
+from pip._vendor.packaging import version as packaging_version
+
+from pip._internal.index import PackageFinder
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import check_path_owner
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import ensure_dir, get_installed_version
+
+SELFCHECK_DATE_FMT = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ"
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class SelfCheckState(object):
+    def __init__(self, cache_dir):
+        self.state = {}
+        self.statefile_path = None
+
+        # Try to load the existing state
+        if cache_dir:
+            self.statefile_path = os.path.join(cache_dir, "selfcheck.json")
+            try:
+                with open(self.statefile_path) as statefile:
+                    self.state = json.load(statefile)[sys.prefix]
+            except (IOError, ValueError, KeyError):
+                # Explicitly suppressing exceptions, since we don't want to
+                # error out if the cache file is invalid.
+                pass
+
+    def save(self, pypi_version, current_time):
+        # If we do not have a path to cache in, don't bother saving.
+        if not self.statefile_path:
+            return
+
+        # Check to make sure that we own the directory
+        if not check_path_owner(os.path.dirname(self.statefile_path)):
+            return
+
+        # Now that we've ensured the directory is owned by this user, we'll go
+        # ahead and make sure that all our directories are created.
+        ensure_dir(os.path.dirname(self.statefile_path))
+
+        # Attempt to write out our version check file
+        with lockfile.LockFile(self.statefile_path):
+            if os.path.exists(self.statefile_path):
+                with open(self.statefile_path) as statefile:
+                    state = json.load(statefile)
+            else:
+                state = {}
+
+            state[sys.prefix] = {
+                "last_check": current_time.strftime(SELFCHECK_DATE_FMT),
+                "pypi_version": pypi_version,
+            }
+
+            with open(self.statefile_path, "w") as statefile:
+                json.dump(state, statefile, sort_keys=True,
+                          separators=(",", ":"))
+
+
+def was_installed_by_pip(pkg):
+    """Checks whether pkg was installed by pip
+
+    This is used not to display the upgrade message when pip is in fact
+    installed by system package manager, such as dnf on Fedora.
+    """
+    try:
+        dist = pkg_resources.get_distribution(pkg)
+        return (dist.has_metadata('INSTALLER') and
+                'pip' in dist.get_metadata_lines('INSTALLER'))
+    except pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound:
+        return False
+
+
+def pip_version_check(session, options):
+    """Check for an update for pip.
+
+    Limit the frequency of checks to once per week. State is stored either in
+    the active virtualenv or in the user's USER_CACHE_DIR keyed off the prefix
+    of the pip script path.
+    """
+    installed_version = get_installed_version("pip")
+    if not installed_version:
+        return
+
+    pip_version = packaging_version.parse(installed_version)
+    pypi_version = None
+
+    try:
+        state = SelfCheckState(cache_dir=options.cache_dir)
+
+        current_time = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
+        # Determine if we need to refresh the state
+        if "last_check" in state.state and "pypi_version" in state.state:
+            last_check = datetime.datetime.strptime(
+                state.state["last_check"],
+                SELFCHECK_DATE_FMT
+            )
+            if (current_time - last_check).total_seconds() < 7 * 24 * 60 * 60:
+                pypi_version = state.state["pypi_version"]
+
+        # Refresh the version if we need to or just see if we need to warn
+        if pypi_version is None:
+            # Lets use PackageFinder to see what the latest pip version is
+            finder = PackageFinder(
+                find_links=options.find_links,
+                index_urls=[options.index_url] + options.extra_index_urls,
+                allow_all_prereleases=False,  # Explicitly set to False
+                trusted_hosts=options.trusted_hosts,
+                process_dependency_links=options.process_dependency_links,
+                session=session,
+            )
+            all_candidates = finder.find_all_candidates("pip")
+            if not all_candidates:
+                return
+            pypi_version = str(
+                max(all_candidates, key=lambda c: c.version).version
+            )
+
+            # save that we've performed a check
+            state.save(pypi_version, current_time)
+
+        remote_version = packaging_version.parse(pypi_version)
+
+        # Determine if our pypi_version is older
+        if (pip_version < remote_version and
+                pip_version.base_version != remote_version.base_version and
+                was_installed_by_pip('pip')):
+            # Advise "python -m pip" on Windows to avoid issues
+            # with overwriting pip.exe.
+            if WINDOWS:
+                pip_cmd = "python -m pip"
+            else:
+                pip_cmd = "pip"
+            logger.warning(
+                "You are using pip version %s, however version %s is "
+                "available.\nYou should consider upgrading via the "
+                "'%s install --upgrade pip' command.",
+                pip_version, pypi_version, pip_cmd
+            )
+    except Exception:
+        logger.debug(
+            "There was an error checking the latest version of pip",
+            exc_info=True,
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/packaging.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/packaging.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c43142f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/packaging.py
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import sys
+from email.parser import FeedParser  # type: ignore
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources
+from pip._vendor.packaging import specifiers, version
+
+from pip._internal import exceptions
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import display_path
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def check_requires_python(requires_python):
+    """
+    Check if the python version in use match the `requires_python` specifier.
+
+    Returns `True` if the version of python in use matches the requirement.
+    Returns `False` if the version of python in use does not matches the
+    requirement.
+
+    Raises an InvalidSpecifier if `requires_python` have an invalid format.
+    """
+    if requires_python is None:
+        # The package provides no information
+        return True
+    requires_python_specifier = specifiers.SpecifierSet(requires_python)
+
+    # We only use major.minor.micro
+    python_version = version.parse('.'.join(map(str, sys.version_info[:3])))
+    return python_version in requires_python_specifier
+
+
+def get_metadata(dist):
+    if (isinstance(dist, pkg_resources.DistInfoDistribution) and
+            dist.has_metadata('METADATA')):
+        metadata = dist.get_metadata('METADATA')
+    elif dist.has_metadata('PKG-INFO'):
+        metadata = dist.get_metadata('PKG-INFO')
+    else:
+        logger.warning("No metadata found in %s", display_path(dist.location))
+        metadata = ''
+
+    feed_parser = FeedParser()
+    feed_parser.feed(metadata)
+    return feed_parser.close()
+
+
+def check_dist_requires_python(dist):
+    pkg_info_dict = get_metadata(dist)
+    requires_python = pkg_info_dict.get('Requires-Python')
+    try:
+        if not check_requires_python(requires_python):
+            raise exceptions.UnsupportedPythonVersion(
+                "%s requires Python '%s' but the running Python is %s" % (
+                    dist.project_name,
+                    requires_python,
+                    '.'.join(map(str, sys.version_info[:3])),)
+            )
+    except specifiers.InvalidSpecifier as e:
+        logger.warning(
+            "Package %s has an invalid Requires-Python entry %s - %s",
+            dist.project_name, requires_python, e,
+        )
+        return
+
+
+def get_installer(dist):
+    if dist.has_metadata('INSTALLER'):
+        for line in dist.get_metadata_lines('INSTALLER'):
+            if line.strip():
+                return line.strip()
+    return ''
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/setuptools_build.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/setuptools_build.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03973e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/setuptools_build.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Shim to wrap setup.py invocation with setuptools
+SETUPTOOLS_SHIM = (
+    "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__=%r;"
+    "f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);"
+    "code=f.read().replace('\\r\\n', '\\n');"
+    "f.close();"
+    "exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))"
+)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/temp_dir.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/temp_dir.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..edc506b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/temp_dir.py
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os.path
+import tempfile
+
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import rmtree
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class TempDirectory(object):
+    """Helper class that owns and cleans up a temporary directory.
+
+    This class can be used as a context manager or as an OO representation of a
+    temporary directory.
+
+    Attributes:
+        path
+            Location to the created temporary directory or None
+        delete
+            Whether the directory should be deleted when exiting
+            (when used as a contextmanager)
+
+    Methods:
+        create()
+            Creates a temporary directory and stores its path in the path
+            attribute.
+        cleanup()
+            Deletes the temporary directory and sets path attribute to None
+
+    When used as a context manager, a temporary directory is created on
+    entering the context and, if the delete attribute is True, on exiting the
+    context the created directory is deleted.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, path=None, delete=None, kind="temp"):
+        super(TempDirectory, self).__init__()
+
+        if path is None and delete is None:
+            # If we were not given an explicit directory, and we were not given
+            # an explicit delete option, then we'll default to deleting.
+            delete = True
+
+        self.path = path
+        self.delete = delete
+        self.kind = kind
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<{} {!r}>".format(self.__class__.__name__, self.path)
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.create()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc, value, tb):
+        if self.delete:
+            self.cleanup()
+
+    def create(self):
+        """Create a temporary directory and store it's path in self.path
+        """
+        if self.path is not None:
+            logger.debug(
+                "Skipped creation of temporary directory: {}".format(self.path)
+            )
+            return
+        # We realpath here because some systems have their default tmpdir
+        # symlinked to another directory.  This tends to confuse build
+        # scripts, so we canonicalize the path by traversing potential
+        # symlinks here.
+        self.path = os.path.realpath(
+            tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="pip-{}-".format(self.kind))
+        )
+        logger.debug("Created temporary directory: {}".format(self.path))
+
+    def cleanup(self):
+        """Remove the temporary directory created and reset state
+        """
+        if self.path is not None and os.path.exists(self.path):
+            rmtree(self.path)
+        self.path = None
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/typing.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/typing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e085cdf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/typing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+"""For neatly implementing static typing in pip.
+
+`mypy` - the static type analysis tool we use - uses the `typing` module, which
+provides core functionality fundamental to mypy's functioning.
+
+Generally, `typing` would be imported at runtime and used in that fashion -
+it acts as a no-op at runtime and does not have any run-time overhead by
+design.
+
+As it turns out, `typing` is not vendorable - it uses separate sources for
+Python 2/Python 3. Thus, this codebase can not expect it to be present.
+To work around this, mypy allows the typing import to be behind a False-y
+optional to prevent it from running at runtime and type-comments can be used
+to remove the need for the types to be accessible directly during runtime.
+
+This module provides the False-y guard in a nicely named fashion so that a
+curious maintainer can reach here to read this.
+
+In pip, all static-typing related imports should be guarded as follows:
+
+    from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+
+    if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+        from typing import ...  # noqa: F401
+
+Ref: https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/3216
+"""
+
+MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING = False
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/ui.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/ui.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6bab904
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/ui.py
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division
+
+import contextlib
+import itertools
+import logging
+import sys
+import time
+from signal import SIGINT, default_int_handler, signal
+
+from pip._vendor import six
+from pip._vendor.progress.bar import (
+    Bar, ChargingBar, FillingCirclesBar, FillingSquaresBar, IncrementalBar,
+    ShadyBar,
+)
+from pip._vendor.progress.helpers import HIDE_CURSOR, SHOW_CURSOR, WritelnMixin
+from pip._vendor.progress.spinner import Spinner
+
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import WINDOWS
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import get_indentation
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import format_size
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from typing import Any  # noqa: F401
+
+try:
+    from pip._vendor import colorama
+# Lots of different errors can come from this, including SystemError and
+# ImportError.
+except Exception:
+    colorama = None
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _select_progress_class(preferred, fallback):
+    encoding = getattr(preferred.file, "encoding", None)
+
+    # If we don't know what encoding this file is in, then we'll just assume
+    # that it doesn't support unicode and use the ASCII bar.
+    if not encoding:
+        return fallback
+
+    # Collect all of the possible characters we want to use with the preferred
+    # bar.
+    characters = [
+        getattr(preferred, "empty_fill", six.text_type()),
+        getattr(preferred, "fill", six.text_type()),
+    ]
+    characters += list(getattr(preferred, "phases", []))
+
+    # Try to decode the characters we're using for the bar using the encoding
+    # of the given file, if this works then we'll assume that we can use the
+    # fancier bar and if not we'll fall back to the plaintext bar.
+    try:
+        six.text_type().join(characters).encode(encoding)
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        return fallback
+    else:
+        return preferred
+
+
+_BaseBar = _select_progress_class(IncrementalBar, Bar)  # type: Any
+
+
+class InterruptibleMixin(object):
+    """
+    Helper to ensure that self.finish() gets called on keyboard interrupt.
+
+    This allows downloads to be interrupted without leaving temporary state
+    (like hidden cursors) behind.
+
+    This class is similar to the progress library's existing SigIntMixin
+    helper, but as of version 1.2, that helper has the following problems:
+
+    1. It calls sys.exit().
+    2. It discards the existing SIGINT handler completely.
+    3. It leaves its own handler in place even after an uninterrupted finish,
+       which will have unexpected delayed effects if the user triggers an
+       unrelated keyboard interrupt some time after a progress-displaying
+       download has already completed, for example.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Save the original SIGINT handler for later.
+        """
+        super(InterruptibleMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        self.original_handler = signal(SIGINT, self.handle_sigint)
+
+        # If signal() returns None, the previous handler was not installed from
+        # Python, and we cannot restore it. This probably should not happen,
+        # but if it does, we must restore something sensible instead, at least.
+        # The least bad option should be Python's default SIGINT handler, which
+        # just raises KeyboardInterrupt.
+        if self.original_handler is None:
+            self.original_handler = default_int_handler
+
+    def finish(self):
+        """
+        Restore the original SIGINT handler after finishing.
+
+        This should happen regardless of whether the progress display finishes
+        normally, or gets interrupted.
+        """
+        super(InterruptibleMixin, self).finish()
+        signal(SIGINT, self.original_handler)
+
+    def handle_sigint(self, signum, frame):
+        """
+        Call self.finish() before delegating to the original SIGINT handler.
+
+        This handler should only be in place while the progress display is
+        active.
+        """
+        self.finish()
+        self.original_handler(signum, frame)
+
+
+class SilentBar(Bar):
+
+    def update(self):
+        pass
+
+
+class BlueEmojiBar(IncrementalBar):
+
+    suffix = "%(percent)d%%"
+    bar_prefix = " "
+    bar_suffix = " "
+    phases = (u"\U0001F539", u"\U0001F537", u"\U0001F535")  # type: Any
+
+
+class DownloadProgressMixin(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(DownloadProgressMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.message = (" " * (get_indentation() + 2)) + self.message
+
+    @property
+    def downloaded(self):
+        return format_size(self.index)
+
+    @property
+    def download_speed(self):
+        # Avoid zero division errors...
+        if self.avg == 0.0:
+            return "..."
+        return format_size(1 / self.avg) + "/s"
+
+    @property
+    def pretty_eta(self):
+        if self.eta:
+            return "eta %s" % self.eta_td
+        return ""
+
+    def iter(self, it, n=1):
+        for x in it:
+            yield x
+            self.next(n)
+        self.finish()
+
+
+class WindowsMixin(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # The Windows terminal does not support the hide/show cursor ANSI codes
+        # even with colorama. So we'll ensure that hide_cursor is False on
+        # Windows.
+        # This call neds to go before the super() call, so that hide_cursor
+        # is set in time. The base progress bar class writes the "hide cursor"
+        # code to the terminal in its init, so if we don't set this soon
+        # enough, we get a "hide" with no corresponding "show"...
+        if WINDOWS and self.hide_cursor:
+            self.hide_cursor = False
+
+        super(WindowsMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        # Check if we are running on Windows and we have the colorama module,
+        # if we do then wrap our file with it.
+        if WINDOWS and colorama:
+            self.file = colorama.AnsiToWin32(self.file)
+            # The progress code expects to be able to call self.file.isatty()
+            # but the colorama.AnsiToWin32() object doesn't have that, so we'll
+            # add it.
+            self.file.isatty = lambda: self.file.wrapped.isatty()
+            # The progress code expects to be able to call self.file.flush()
+            # but the colorama.AnsiToWin32() object doesn't have that, so we'll
+            # add it.
+            self.file.flush = lambda: self.file.wrapped.flush()
+
+
+class BaseDownloadProgressBar(WindowsMixin, InterruptibleMixin,
+                              DownloadProgressMixin):
+
+    file = sys.stdout
+    message = "%(percent)d%%"
+    suffix = "%(downloaded)s %(download_speed)s %(pretty_eta)s"
+
+# NOTE: The "type: ignore" comments on the following classes are there to
+#       work around https://github.com/python/typing/issues/241
+
+
+class DefaultDownloadProgressBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar,
+                                 _BaseBar):  # type: ignore
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadSilentBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar, SilentBar):  # type: ignore
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadIncrementalBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar,  # type: ignore
+                             IncrementalBar):
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadChargingBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar,  # type: ignore
+                          ChargingBar):
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadShadyBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar, ShadyBar):  # type: ignore
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadFillingSquaresBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar,  # type: ignore
+                                FillingSquaresBar):
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadFillingCirclesBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar,  # type: ignore
+                                FillingCirclesBar):
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadBlueEmojiProgressBar(BaseDownloadProgressBar,  # type: ignore
+                                   BlueEmojiBar):
+    pass
+
+
+class DownloadProgressSpinner(WindowsMixin, InterruptibleMixin,
+                              DownloadProgressMixin, WritelnMixin, Spinner):
+
+    file = sys.stdout
+    suffix = "%(downloaded)s %(download_speed)s"
+
+    def next_phase(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, "_phaser"):
+            self._phaser = itertools.cycle(self.phases)
+        return next(self._phaser)
+
+    def update(self):
+        message = self.message % self
+        phase = self.next_phase()
+        suffix = self.suffix % self
+        line = ''.join([
+            message,
+            " " if message else "",
+            phase,
+            " " if suffix else "",
+            suffix,
+        ])
+
+        self.writeln(line)
+
+
+BAR_TYPES = {
+    "off": (DownloadSilentBar, DownloadSilentBar),
+    "on": (DefaultDownloadProgressBar, DownloadProgressSpinner),
+    "ascii": (DownloadIncrementalBar, DownloadProgressSpinner),
+    "pretty": (DownloadFillingCirclesBar, DownloadProgressSpinner),
+    "emoji": (DownloadBlueEmojiProgressBar, DownloadProgressSpinner)
+}
+
+
+def DownloadProgressProvider(progress_bar, max=None):
+    if max is None or max == 0:
+        return BAR_TYPES[progress_bar][1]().iter
+    else:
+        return BAR_TYPES[progress_bar][0](max=max).iter
+
+
+################################################################
+# Generic "something is happening" spinners
+#
+# We don't even try using progress.spinner.Spinner here because it's actually
+# simpler to reimplement from scratch than to coerce their code into doing
+# what we need.
+################################################################
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def hidden_cursor(file):
+    # The Windows terminal does not support the hide/show cursor ANSI codes,
+    # even via colorama. So don't even try.
+    if WINDOWS:
+        yield
+    # We don't want to clutter the output with control characters if we're
+    # writing to a file, or if the user is running with --quiet.
+    # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/3418
+    elif not file.isatty() or logger.getEffectiveLevel() > logging.INFO:
+        yield
+    else:
+        file.write(HIDE_CURSOR)
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            file.write(SHOW_CURSOR)
+
+
+class RateLimiter(object):
+    def __init__(self, min_update_interval_seconds):
+        self._min_update_interval_seconds = min_update_interval_seconds
+        self._last_update = 0
+
+    def ready(self):
+        now = time.time()
+        delta = now - self._last_update
+        return delta >= self._min_update_interval_seconds
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self._last_update = time.time()
+
+
+class InteractiveSpinner(object):
+    def __init__(self, message, file=None, spin_chars="-\\|/",
+                 # Empirically, 8 updates/second looks nice
+                 min_update_interval_seconds=0.125):
+        self._message = message
+        if file is None:
+            file = sys.stdout
+        self._file = file
+        self._rate_limiter = RateLimiter(min_update_interval_seconds)
+        self._finished = False
+
+        self._spin_cycle = itertools.cycle(spin_chars)
+
+        self._file.write(" " * get_indentation() + self._message + " ... ")
+        self._width = 0
+
+    def _write(self, status):
+        assert not self._finished
+        # Erase what we wrote before by backspacing to the beginning, writing
+        # spaces to overwrite the old text, and then backspacing again
+        backup = "\b" * self._width
+        self._file.write(backup + " " * self._width + backup)
+        # Now we have a blank slate to add our status
+        self._file.write(status)
+        self._width = len(status)
+        self._file.flush()
+        self._rate_limiter.reset()
+
+    def spin(self):
+        if self._finished:
+            return
+        if not self._rate_limiter.ready():
+            return
+        self._write(next(self._spin_cycle))
+
+    def finish(self, final_status):
+        if self._finished:
+            return
+        self._write(final_status)
+        self._file.write("\n")
+        self._file.flush()
+        self._finished = True
+
+
+# Used for dumb terminals, non-interactive installs (no tty), etc.
+# We still print updates occasionally (once every 60 seconds by default) to
+# act as a keep-alive for systems like Travis-CI that take lack-of-output as
+# an indication that a task has frozen.
+class NonInteractiveSpinner(object):
+    def __init__(self, message, min_update_interval_seconds=60):
+        self._message = message
+        self._finished = False
+        self._rate_limiter = RateLimiter(min_update_interval_seconds)
+        self._update("started")
+
+    def _update(self, status):
+        assert not self._finished
+        self._rate_limiter.reset()
+        logger.info("%s: %s", self._message, status)
+
+    def spin(self):
+        if self._finished:
+            return
+        if not self._rate_limiter.ready():
+            return
+        self._update("still running...")
+
+    def finish(self, final_status):
+        if self._finished:
+            return
+        self._update("finished with status '%s'" % (final_status,))
+        self._finished = True
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def open_spinner(message):
+    # Interactive spinner goes directly to sys.stdout rather than being routed
+    # through the logging system, but it acts like it has level INFO,
+    # i.e. it's only displayed if we're at level INFO or better.
+    # Non-interactive spinner goes through the logging system, so it is always
+    # in sync with logging configuration.
+    if sys.stdout.isatty() and logger.getEffectiveLevel() <= logging.INFO:
+        spinner = InteractiveSpinner(message)
+    else:
+        spinner = NonInteractiveSpinner(message)
+    try:
+        with hidden_cursor(sys.stdout):
+            yield spinner
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        spinner.finish("canceled")
+        raise
+    except Exception:
+        spinner.finish("error")
+        raise
+    else:
+        spinner.finish("done")
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..794b35d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,509 @@
+"""Handles all VCS (version control) support"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import errno
+import logging
+import os
+import shutil
+import sys
+
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import parse as urllib_parse
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import BadCommand
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    display_path, backup_dir, call_subprocess, rmtree, ask_path_exists,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from typing import Dict, Optional, Tuple  # noqa: F401
+    from pip._internal.cli.base_command import Command  # noqa: F401
+
+__all__ = ['vcs', 'get_src_requirement']
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class RevOptions(object):
+
+    """
+    Encapsulates a VCS-specific revision to install, along with any VCS
+    install options.
+
+    Instances of this class should be treated as if immutable.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, vcs, rev=None, extra_args=None):
+        """
+        Args:
+          vcs: a VersionControl object.
+          rev: the name of the revision to install.
+          extra_args: a list of extra options.
+        """
+        if extra_args is None:
+            extra_args = []
+
+        self.extra_args = extra_args
+        self.rev = rev
+        self.vcs = vcs
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<RevOptions {}: rev={!r}>'.format(self.vcs.name, self.rev)
+
+    @property
+    def arg_rev(self):
+        if self.rev is None:
+            return self.vcs.default_arg_rev
+
+        return self.rev
+
+    def to_args(self):
+        """
+        Return the VCS-specific command arguments.
+        """
+        args = []
+        rev = self.arg_rev
+        if rev is not None:
+            args += self.vcs.get_base_rev_args(rev)
+        args += self.extra_args
+
+        return args
+
+    def to_display(self):
+        if not self.rev:
+            return ''
+
+        return ' (to revision {})'.format(self.rev)
+
+    def make_new(self, rev):
+        """
+        Make a copy of the current instance, but with a new rev.
+
+        Args:
+          rev: the name of the revision for the new object.
+        """
+        return self.vcs.make_rev_options(rev, extra_args=self.extra_args)
+
+
+class VcsSupport(object):
+    _registry = {}  # type: Dict[str, Command]
+    schemes = ['ssh', 'git', 'hg', 'bzr', 'sftp', 'svn']
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # Register more schemes with urlparse for various version control
+        # systems
+        urllib_parse.uses_netloc.extend(self.schemes)
+        # Python >= 2.7.4, 3.3 doesn't have uses_fragment
+        if getattr(urllib_parse, 'uses_fragment', None):
+            urllib_parse.uses_fragment.extend(self.schemes)
+        super(VcsSupport, self).__init__()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self._registry.__iter__()
+
+    @property
+    def backends(self):
+        return list(self._registry.values())
+
+    @property
+    def dirnames(self):
+        return [backend.dirname for backend in self.backends]
+
+    @property
+    def all_schemes(self):
+        schemes = []
+        for backend in self.backends:
+            schemes.extend(backend.schemes)
+        return schemes
+
+    def register(self, cls):
+        if not hasattr(cls, 'name'):
+            logger.warning('Cannot register VCS %s', cls.__name__)
+            return
+        if cls.name not in self._registry:
+            self._registry[cls.name] = cls
+            logger.debug('Registered VCS backend: %s', cls.name)
+
+    def unregister(self, cls=None, name=None):
+        if name in self._registry:
+            del self._registry[name]
+        elif cls in self._registry.values():
+            del self._registry[cls.name]
+        else:
+            logger.warning('Cannot unregister because no class or name given')
+
+    def get_backend_name(self, location):
+        """
+        Return the name of the version control backend if found at given
+        location, e.g. vcs.get_backend_name('/path/to/vcs/checkout')
+        """
+        for vc_type in self._registry.values():
+            if vc_type.controls_location(location):
+                logger.debug('Determine that %s uses VCS: %s',
+                             location, vc_type.name)
+                return vc_type.name
+        return None
+
+    def get_backend(self, name):
+        name = name.lower()
+        if name in self._registry:
+            return self._registry[name]
+
+    def get_backend_from_location(self, location):
+        vc_type = self.get_backend_name(location)
+        if vc_type:
+            return self.get_backend(vc_type)
+        return None
+
+
+vcs = VcsSupport()
+
+
+class VersionControl(object):
+    name = ''
+    dirname = ''
+    # List of supported schemes for this Version Control
+    schemes = ()  # type: Tuple[str, ...]
+    # Iterable of environment variable names to pass to call_subprocess().
+    unset_environ = ()  # type: Tuple[str, ...]
+    default_arg_rev = None  # type: Optional[str]
+
+    def __init__(self, url=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.url = url
+        super(VersionControl, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def get_base_rev_args(self, rev):
+        """
+        Return the base revision arguments for a vcs command.
+
+        Args:
+          rev: the name of a revision to install.  Cannot be None.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def make_rev_options(self, rev=None, extra_args=None):
+        """
+        Return a RevOptions object.
+
+        Args:
+          rev: the name of a revision to install.
+          extra_args: a list of extra options.
+        """
+        return RevOptions(self, rev, extra_args=extra_args)
+
+    def _is_local_repository(self, repo):
+        """
+           posix absolute paths start with os.path.sep,
+           win32 ones start with drive (like c:\\folder)
+        """
+        drive, tail = os.path.splitdrive(repo)
+        return repo.startswith(os.path.sep) or drive
+
+    def export(self, location):
+        """
+        Export the repository at the url to the destination location
+        i.e. only download the files, without vcs informations
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def get_netloc_and_auth(self, netloc, scheme):
+        """
+        Parse the repository URL's netloc, and return the new netloc to use
+        along with auth information.
+
+        Args:
+          netloc: the original repository URL netloc.
+          scheme: the repository URL's scheme without the vcs prefix.
+
+        This is mainly for the Subversion class to override, so that auth
+        information can be provided via the --username and --password options
+        instead of through the URL.  For other subclasses like Git without
+        such an option, auth information must stay in the URL.
+
+        Returns: (netloc, (username, password)).
+        """
+        return netloc, (None, None)
+
+    def get_url_rev_and_auth(self, url):
+        """
+        Parse the repository URL to use, and return the URL, revision,
+        and auth info to use.
+
+        Returns: (url, rev, (username, password)).
+        """
+        scheme, netloc, path, query, frag = urllib_parse.urlsplit(url)
+        if '+' not in scheme:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Sorry, {!r} is a malformed VCS url. "
+                "The format is <vcs>+<protocol>://<url>, "
+                "e.g. svn+http://myrepo/svn/MyApp#egg=MyApp".format(url)
+            )
+        # Remove the vcs prefix.
+        scheme = scheme.split('+', 1)[1]
+        netloc, user_pass = self.get_netloc_and_auth(netloc, scheme)
+        rev = None
+        if '@' in path:
+            path, rev = path.rsplit('@', 1)
+        url = urllib_parse.urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, ''))
+        return url, rev, user_pass
+
+    def make_rev_args(self, username, password):
+        """
+        Return the RevOptions "extra arguments" to use in obtain().
+        """
+        return []
+
+    def get_url_rev_options(self, url):
+        """
+        Return the URL and RevOptions object to use in obtain() and in
+        some cases export(), as a tuple (url, rev_options).
+        """
+        url, rev, user_pass = self.get_url_rev_and_auth(url)
+        username, password = user_pass
+        extra_args = self.make_rev_args(username, password)
+        rev_options = self.make_rev_options(rev, extra_args=extra_args)
+
+        return url, rev_options
+
+    def normalize_url(self, url):
+        """
+        Normalize a URL for comparison by unquoting it and removing any
+        trailing slash.
+        """
+        return urllib_parse.unquote(url).rstrip('/')
+
+    def compare_urls(self, url1, url2):
+        """
+        Compare two repo URLs for identity, ignoring incidental differences.
+        """
+        return (self.normalize_url(url1) == self.normalize_url(url2))
+
+    def fetch_new(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        """
+        Fetch a revision from a repository, in the case that this is the
+        first fetch from the repository.
+
+        Args:
+          dest: the directory to fetch the repository to.
+          rev_options: a RevOptions object.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def switch(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        """
+        Switch the repo at ``dest`` to point to ``URL``.
+
+        Args:
+          rev_options: a RevOptions object.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def update(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        """
+        Update an already-existing repo to the given ``rev_options``.
+
+        Args:
+          rev_options: a RevOptions object.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def is_commit_id_equal(self, dest, name):
+        """
+        Return whether the id of the current commit equals the given name.
+
+        Args:
+          dest: the repository directory.
+          name: a string name.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def obtain(self, dest):
+        """
+        Install or update in editable mode the package represented by this
+        VersionControl object.
+
+        Args:
+          dest: the repository directory in which to install or update.
+        """
+        url, rev_options = self.get_url_rev_options(self.url)
+
+        if not os.path.exists(dest):
+            self.fetch_new(dest, url, rev_options)
+            return
+
+        rev_display = rev_options.to_display()
+        if self.is_repository_directory(dest):
+            existing_url = self.get_url(dest)
+            if self.compare_urls(existing_url, url):
+                logger.debug(
+                    '%s in %s exists, and has correct URL (%s)',
+                    self.repo_name.title(),
+                    display_path(dest),
+                    url,
+                )
+                if not self.is_commit_id_equal(dest, rev_options.rev):
+                    logger.info(
+                        'Updating %s %s%s',
+                        display_path(dest),
+                        self.repo_name,
+                        rev_display,
+                    )
+                    self.update(dest, url, rev_options)
+                else:
+                    logger.info('Skipping because already up-to-date.')
+                return
+
+            logger.warning(
+                '%s %s in %s exists with URL %s',
+                self.name,
+                self.repo_name,
+                display_path(dest),
+                existing_url,
+            )
+            prompt = ('(s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup ',
+                      ('s', 'i', 'w', 'b'))
+        else:
+            logger.warning(
+                'Directory %s already exists, and is not a %s %s.',
+                dest,
+                self.name,
+                self.repo_name,
+            )
+            prompt = ('(i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup ', ('i', 'w', 'b'))
+
+        logger.warning(
+            'The plan is to install the %s repository %s',
+            self.name,
+            url,
+        )
+        response = ask_path_exists('What to do?  %s' % prompt[0], prompt[1])
+
+        if response == 'a':
+            sys.exit(-1)
+
+        if response == 'w':
+            logger.warning('Deleting %s', display_path(dest))
+            rmtree(dest)
+            self.fetch_new(dest, url, rev_options)
+            return
+
+        if response == 'b':
+            dest_dir = backup_dir(dest)
+            logger.warning(
+                'Backing up %s to %s', display_path(dest), dest_dir,
+            )
+            shutil.move(dest, dest_dir)
+            self.fetch_new(dest, url, rev_options)
+            return
+
+        # Do nothing if the response is "i".
+        if response == 's':
+            logger.info(
+                'Switching %s %s to %s%s',
+                self.repo_name,
+                display_path(dest),
+                url,
+                rev_display,
+            )
+            self.switch(dest, url, rev_options)
+
+    def unpack(self, location):
+        """
+        Clean up current location and download the url repository
+        (and vcs infos) into location
+        """
+        if os.path.exists(location):
+            rmtree(location)
+        self.obtain(location)
+
+    def get_src_requirement(self, dist, location):
+        """
+        Return a string representing the requirement needed to
+        redownload the files currently present in location, something
+        like:
+          {repository_url}@{revision}#egg={project_name}-{version_identifier}
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def get_url(self, location):
+        """
+        Return the url used at location
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def get_revision(self, location):
+        """
+        Return the current commit id of the files at the given location.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def run_command(self, cmd, show_stdout=True, cwd=None,
+                    on_returncode='raise',
+                    command_desc=None,
+                    extra_environ=None, spinner=None):
+        """
+        Run a VCS subcommand
+        This is simply a wrapper around call_subprocess that adds the VCS
+        command name, and checks that the VCS is available
+        """
+        cmd = [self.name] + cmd
+        try:
+            return call_subprocess(cmd, show_stdout, cwd,
+                                   on_returncode,
+                                   command_desc, extra_environ,
+                                   unset_environ=self.unset_environ,
+                                   spinner=spinner)
+        except OSError as e:
+            # errno.ENOENT = no such file or directory
+            # In other words, the VCS executable isn't available
+            if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
+                raise BadCommand(
+                    'Cannot find command %r - do you have '
+                    '%r installed and in your '
+                    'PATH?' % (self.name, self.name))
+            else:
+                raise  # re-raise exception if a different error occurred
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_repository_directory(cls, path):
+        """
+        Return whether a directory path is a repository directory.
+        """
+        logger.debug('Checking in %s for %s (%s)...',
+                     path, cls.dirname, cls.name)
+        return os.path.exists(os.path.join(path, cls.dirname))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def controls_location(cls, location):
+        """
+        Check if a location is controlled by the vcs.
+        It is meant to be overridden to implement smarter detection
+        mechanisms for specific vcs.
+
+        This can do more than is_repository_directory() alone.  For example,
+        the Git override checks that Git is actually available.
+        """
+        return cls.is_repository_directory(location)
+
+
+def get_src_requirement(dist, location):
+    version_control = vcs.get_backend_from_location(location)
+    if version_control:
+        try:
+            return version_control().get_src_requirement(dist,
+                                                         location)
+        except BadCommand:
+            logger.warning(
+                'cannot determine version of editable source in %s '
+                '(%s command not found in path)',
+                location,
+                version_control.name,
+            )
+            return dist.as_requirement()
+    logger.warning(
+        'cannot determine version of editable source in %s (is not SVN '
+        'checkout, Git clone, Mercurial clone or Bazaar branch)',
+        location,
+    )
+    return dist.as_requirement()
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/bazaar.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/bazaar.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cc66c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/bazaar.py
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os
+
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import parse as urllib_parse
+
+from pip._internal.download import path_to_url
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    display_path, make_vcs_requirement_url, rmtree,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.vcs import VersionControl, vcs
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Bazaar(VersionControl):
+    name = 'bzr'
+    dirname = '.bzr'
+    repo_name = 'branch'
+    schemes = (
+        'bzr', 'bzr+http', 'bzr+https', 'bzr+ssh', 'bzr+sftp', 'bzr+ftp',
+        'bzr+lp',
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, url=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(Bazaar, self).__init__(url, *args, **kwargs)
+        # This is only needed for python <2.7.5
+        # Register lp but do not expose as a scheme to support bzr+lp.
+        if getattr(urllib_parse, 'uses_fragment', None):
+            urllib_parse.uses_fragment.extend(['lp'])
+
+    def get_base_rev_args(self, rev):
+        return ['-r', rev]
+
+    def export(self, location):
+        """
+        Export the Bazaar repository at the url to the destination location
+        """
+        # Remove the location to make sure Bazaar can export it correctly
+        if os.path.exists(location):
+            rmtree(location)
+
+        with TempDirectory(kind="export") as temp_dir:
+            self.unpack(temp_dir.path)
+
+            self.run_command(
+                ['export', location],
+                cwd=temp_dir.path, show_stdout=False,
+            )
+
+    def fetch_new(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        rev_display = rev_options.to_display()
+        logger.info(
+            'Checking out %s%s to %s',
+            url,
+            rev_display,
+            display_path(dest),
+        )
+        cmd_args = ['branch', '-q'] + rev_options.to_args() + [url, dest]
+        self.run_command(cmd_args)
+
+    def switch(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        self.run_command(['switch', url], cwd=dest)
+
+    def update(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        cmd_args = ['pull', '-q'] + rev_options.to_args()
+        self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+
+    def get_url_rev_and_auth(self, url):
+        # hotfix the URL scheme after removing bzr+ from bzr+ssh:// readd it
+        url, rev, user_pass = super(Bazaar, self).get_url_rev_and_auth(url)
+        if url.startswith('ssh://'):
+            url = 'bzr+' + url
+        return url, rev, user_pass
+
+    def get_url(self, location):
+        urls = self.run_command(['info'], show_stdout=False, cwd=location)
+        for line in urls.splitlines():
+            line = line.strip()
+            for x in ('checkout of branch: ',
+                      'parent branch: '):
+                if line.startswith(x):
+                    repo = line.split(x)[1]
+                    if self._is_local_repository(repo):
+                        return path_to_url(repo)
+                    return repo
+        return None
+
+    def get_revision(self, location):
+        revision = self.run_command(
+            ['revno'], show_stdout=False, cwd=location,
+        )
+        return revision.splitlines()[-1]
+
+    def get_src_requirement(self, dist, location):
+        repo = self.get_url(location)
+        if not repo:
+            return None
+        if not repo.lower().startswith('bzr:'):
+            repo = 'bzr+' + repo
+        current_rev = self.get_revision(location)
+        egg_project_name = dist.egg_name().split('-', 1)[0]
+        return make_vcs_requirement_url(repo, current_rev, egg_project_name)
+
+    def is_commit_id_equal(self, dest, name):
+        """Always assume the versions don't match"""
+        return False
+
+
+vcs.register(Bazaar)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/git.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/git.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9778539
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/git.py
@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os.path
+import re
+
+from pip._vendor.packaging.version import parse as parse_version
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import parse as urllib_parse
+from pip._vendor.six.moves.urllib import request as urllib_request
+
+from pip._internal.exceptions import BadCommand
+from pip._internal.utils.compat import samefile
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import display_path, make_vcs_requirement_url
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.vcs import VersionControl, vcs
+
+urlsplit = urllib_parse.urlsplit
+urlunsplit = urllib_parse.urlunsplit
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+HASH_REGEX = re.compile('[a-fA-F0-9]{40}')
+
+
+def looks_like_hash(sha):
+    return bool(HASH_REGEX.match(sha))
+
+
+class Git(VersionControl):
+    name = 'git'
+    dirname = '.git'
+    repo_name = 'clone'
+    schemes = (
+        'git', 'git+http', 'git+https', 'git+ssh', 'git+git', 'git+file',
+    )
+    # Prevent the user's environment variables from interfering with pip:
+    # https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1130
+    unset_environ = ('GIT_DIR', 'GIT_WORK_TREE')
+    default_arg_rev = 'HEAD'
+
+    def __init__(self, url=None, *args, **kwargs):
+
+        # Works around an apparent Git bug
+        # (see https://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/146500)
+        if url:
+            scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = urlsplit(url)
+            if scheme.endswith('file'):
+                initial_slashes = path[:-len(path.lstrip('/'))]
+                newpath = (
+                    initial_slashes +
+                    urllib_request.url2pathname(path)
+                    .replace('\\', '/').lstrip('/')
+                )
+                url = urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, newpath, query, fragment))
+                after_plus = scheme.find('+') + 1
+                url = scheme[:after_plus] + urlunsplit(
+                    (scheme[after_plus:], netloc, newpath, query, fragment),
+                )
+
+        super(Git, self).__init__(url, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def get_base_rev_args(self, rev):
+        return [rev]
+
+    def get_git_version(self):
+        VERSION_PFX = 'git version '
+        version = self.run_command(['version'], show_stdout=False)
+        if version.startswith(VERSION_PFX):
+            version = version[len(VERSION_PFX):].split()[0]
+        else:
+            version = ''
+        # get first 3 positions of the git version becasue
+        # on windows it is x.y.z.windows.t, and this parses as
+        # LegacyVersion which always smaller than a Version.
+        version = '.'.join(version.split('.')[:3])
+        return parse_version(version)
+
+    def get_branch(self, location):
+        """
+        Return the current branch, or None if HEAD isn't at a branch
+        (e.g. detached HEAD).
+        """
+        args = ['rev-parse', '--abbrev-ref', 'HEAD']
+        output = self.run_command(args, show_stdout=False, cwd=location)
+        branch = output.strip()
+
+        if branch == 'HEAD':
+            return None
+
+        return branch
+
+    def export(self, location):
+        """Export the Git repository at the url to the destination location"""
+        if not location.endswith('/'):
+            location = location + '/'
+
+        with TempDirectory(kind="export") as temp_dir:
+            self.unpack(temp_dir.path)
+            self.run_command(
+                ['checkout-index', '-a', '-f', '--prefix', location],
+                show_stdout=False, cwd=temp_dir.path
+            )
+
+    def get_revision_sha(self, dest, rev):
+        """
+        Return (sha_or_none, is_branch), where sha_or_none is a commit hash
+        if the revision names a remote branch or tag, otherwise None.
+
+        Args:
+          dest: the repository directory.
+          rev: the revision name.
+        """
+        # Pass rev to pre-filter the list.
+        output = self.run_command(['show-ref', rev], cwd=dest,
+                                  show_stdout=False, on_returncode='ignore')
+        refs = {}
+        for line in output.strip().splitlines():
+            try:
+                sha, ref = line.split()
+            except ValueError:
+                # Include the offending line to simplify troubleshooting if
+                # this error ever occurs.
+                raise ValueError('unexpected show-ref line: {!r}'.format(line))
+
+            refs[ref] = sha
+
+        branch_ref = 'refs/remotes/origin/{}'.format(rev)
+        tag_ref = 'refs/tags/{}'.format(rev)
+
+        sha = refs.get(branch_ref)
+        if sha is not None:
+            return (sha, True)
+
+        sha = refs.get(tag_ref)
+
+        return (sha, False)
+
+    def resolve_revision(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        """
+        Resolve a revision to a new RevOptions object with the SHA1 of the
+        branch, tag, or ref if found.
+
+        Args:
+          rev_options: a RevOptions object.
+        """
+        rev = rev_options.arg_rev
+        sha, is_branch = self.get_revision_sha(dest, rev)
+
+        if sha is not None:
+            rev_options = rev_options.make_new(sha)
+            rev_options.branch_name = rev if is_branch else None
+
+            return rev_options
+
+        # Do not show a warning for the common case of something that has
+        # the form of a Git commit hash.
+        if not looks_like_hash(rev):
+            logger.warning(
+                "Did not find branch or tag '%s', assuming revision or ref.",
+                rev,
+            )
+
+        if not rev.startswith('refs/'):
+            return rev_options
+
+        # If it looks like a ref, we have to fetch it explicitly.
+        self.run_command(
+            ['fetch', '-q', url] + rev_options.to_args(),
+            cwd=dest,
+        )
+        # Change the revision to the SHA of the ref we fetched
+        sha = self.get_revision(dest, rev='FETCH_HEAD')
+        rev_options = rev_options.make_new(sha)
+
+        return rev_options
+
+    def is_commit_id_equal(self, dest, name):
+        """
+        Return whether the current commit hash equals the given name.
+
+        Args:
+          dest: the repository directory.
+          name: a string name.
+        """
+        if not name:
+            # Then avoid an unnecessary subprocess call.
+            return False
+
+        return self.get_revision(dest) == name
+
+    def fetch_new(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        rev_display = rev_options.to_display()
+        logger.info(
+            'Cloning %s%s to %s', url, rev_display, display_path(dest),
+        )
+        self.run_command(['clone', '-q', url, dest])
+
+        if rev_options.rev:
+            # Then a specific revision was requested.
+            rev_options = self.resolve_revision(dest, url, rev_options)
+            branch_name = getattr(rev_options, 'branch_name', None)
+            if branch_name is None:
+                # Only do a checkout if the current commit id doesn't match
+                # the requested revision.
+                if not self.is_commit_id_equal(dest, rev_options.rev):
+                    cmd_args = ['checkout', '-q'] + rev_options.to_args()
+                    self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+            elif self.get_branch(dest) != branch_name:
+                # Then a specific branch was requested, and that branch
+                # is not yet checked out.
+                track_branch = 'origin/{}'.format(branch_name)
+                cmd_args = [
+                    'checkout', '-b', branch_name, '--track', track_branch,
+                ]
+                self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+
+        #: repo may contain submodules
+        self.update_submodules(dest)
+
+    def switch(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        self.run_command(['config', 'remote.origin.url', url], cwd=dest)
+        cmd_args = ['checkout', '-q'] + rev_options.to_args()
+        self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+
+        self.update_submodules(dest)
+
+    def update(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        # First fetch changes from the default remote
+        if self.get_git_version() >= parse_version('1.9.0'):
+            # fetch tags in addition to everything else
+            self.run_command(['fetch', '-q', '--tags'], cwd=dest)
+        else:
+            self.run_command(['fetch', '-q'], cwd=dest)
+        # Then reset to wanted revision (maybe even origin/master)
+        rev_options = self.resolve_revision(dest, url, rev_options)
+        cmd_args = ['reset', '--hard', '-q'] + rev_options.to_args()
+        self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+        #: update submodules
+        self.update_submodules(dest)
+
+    def get_url(self, location):
+        """Return URL of the first remote encountered."""
+        remotes = self.run_command(
+            ['config', '--get-regexp', r'remote\..*\.url'],
+            show_stdout=False, cwd=location,
+        )
+        remotes = remotes.splitlines()
+        found_remote = remotes[0]
+        for remote in remotes:
+            if remote.startswith('remote.origin.url '):
+                found_remote = remote
+                break
+        url = found_remote.split(' ')[1]
+        return url.strip()
+
+    def get_revision(self, location, rev=None):
+        if rev is None:
+            rev = 'HEAD'
+        current_rev = self.run_command(
+            ['rev-parse', rev], show_stdout=False, cwd=location,
+        )
+        return current_rev.strip()
+
+    def _get_subdirectory(self, location):
+        """Return the relative path of setup.py to the git repo root."""
+        # find the repo root
+        git_dir = self.run_command(['rev-parse', '--git-dir'],
+                                   show_stdout=False, cwd=location).strip()
+        if not os.path.isabs(git_dir):
+            git_dir = os.path.join(location, git_dir)
+        root_dir = os.path.join(git_dir, '..')
+        # find setup.py
+        orig_location = location
+        while not os.path.exists(os.path.join(location, 'setup.py')):
+            last_location = location
+            location = os.path.dirname(location)
+            if location == last_location:
+                # We've traversed up to the root of the filesystem without
+                # finding setup.py
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Could not find setup.py for directory %s (tried all "
+                    "parent directories)",
+                    orig_location,
+                )
+                return None
+        # relative path of setup.py to repo root
+        if samefile(root_dir, location):
+            return None
+        return os.path.relpath(location, root_dir)
+
+    def get_src_requirement(self, dist, location):
+        repo = self.get_url(location)
+        if not repo.lower().startswith('git:'):
+            repo = 'git+' + repo
+        current_rev = self.get_revision(location)
+        egg_project_name = dist.egg_name().split('-', 1)[0]
+        subdir = self._get_subdirectory(location)
+        req = make_vcs_requirement_url(repo, current_rev, egg_project_name,
+                                       subdir=subdir)
+
+        return req
+
+    def get_url_rev_and_auth(self, url):
+        """
+        Prefixes stub URLs like 'user@hostname:user/repo.git' with 'ssh://'.
+        That's required because although they use SSH they sometimes don't
+        work with a ssh:// scheme (e.g. GitHub). But we need a scheme for
+        parsing. Hence we remove it again afterwards and return it as a stub.
+        """
+        if '://' not in url:
+            assert 'file:' not in url
+            url = url.replace('git+', 'git+ssh://')
+            url, rev, user_pass = super(Git, self).get_url_rev_and_auth(url)
+            url = url.replace('ssh://', '')
+        else:
+            url, rev, user_pass = super(Git, self).get_url_rev_and_auth(url)
+
+        return url, rev, user_pass
+
+    def update_submodules(self, location):
+        if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(location, '.gitmodules')):
+            return
+        self.run_command(
+            ['submodule', 'update', '--init', '--recursive', '-q'],
+            cwd=location,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def controls_location(cls, location):
+        if super(Git, cls).controls_location(location):
+            return True
+        try:
+            r = cls().run_command(['rev-parse'],
+                                  cwd=location,
+                                  show_stdout=False,
+                                  on_returncode='ignore')
+            return not r
+        except BadCommand:
+            logger.debug("could not determine if %s is under git control "
+                         "because git is not available", location)
+            return False
+
+
+vcs.register(Git)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/mercurial.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/mercurial.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17cfb67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/mercurial.py
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os
+
+from pip._vendor.six.moves import configparser
+
+from pip._internal.download import path_to_url
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import display_path, make_vcs_requirement_url
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.vcs import VersionControl, vcs
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Mercurial(VersionControl):
+    name = 'hg'
+    dirname = '.hg'
+    repo_name = 'clone'
+    schemes = ('hg', 'hg+http', 'hg+https', 'hg+ssh', 'hg+static-http')
+
+    def get_base_rev_args(self, rev):
+        return [rev]
+
+    def export(self, location):
+        """Export the Hg repository at the url to the destination location"""
+        with TempDirectory(kind="export") as temp_dir:
+            self.unpack(temp_dir.path)
+
+            self.run_command(
+                ['archive', location], show_stdout=False, cwd=temp_dir.path
+            )
+
+    def fetch_new(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        rev_display = rev_options.to_display()
+        logger.info(
+            'Cloning hg %s%s to %s',
+            url,
+            rev_display,
+            display_path(dest),
+        )
+        self.run_command(['clone', '--noupdate', '-q', url, dest])
+        cmd_args = ['update', '-q'] + rev_options.to_args()
+        self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+
+    def switch(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        repo_config = os.path.join(dest, self.dirname, 'hgrc')
+        config = configparser.SafeConfigParser()
+        try:
+            config.read(repo_config)
+            config.set('paths', 'default', url)
+            with open(repo_config, 'w') as config_file:
+                config.write(config_file)
+        except (OSError, configparser.NoSectionError) as exc:
+            logger.warning(
+                'Could not switch Mercurial repository to %s: %s', url, exc,
+            )
+        else:
+            cmd_args = ['update', '-q'] + rev_options.to_args()
+            self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+
+    def update(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        self.run_command(['pull', '-q'], cwd=dest)
+        cmd_args = ['update', '-q'] + rev_options.to_args()
+        self.run_command(cmd_args, cwd=dest)
+
+    def get_url(self, location):
+        url = self.run_command(
+            ['showconfig', 'paths.default'],
+            show_stdout=False, cwd=location).strip()
+        if self._is_local_repository(url):
+            url = path_to_url(url)
+        return url.strip()
+
+    def get_revision(self, location):
+        current_revision = self.run_command(
+            ['parents', '--template={rev}'],
+            show_stdout=False, cwd=location).strip()
+        return current_revision
+
+    def get_revision_hash(self, location):
+        current_rev_hash = self.run_command(
+            ['parents', '--template={node}'],
+            show_stdout=False, cwd=location).strip()
+        return current_rev_hash
+
+    def get_src_requirement(self, dist, location):
+        repo = self.get_url(location)
+        if not repo.lower().startswith('hg:'):
+            repo = 'hg+' + repo
+        current_rev_hash = self.get_revision_hash(location)
+        egg_project_name = dist.egg_name().split('-', 1)[0]
+        return make_vcs_requirement_url(repo, current_rev_hash,
+                                        egg_project_name)
+
+    def is_commit_id_equal(self, dest, name):
+        """Always assume the versions don't match"""
+        return False
+
+
+vcs.register(Mercurial)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/subversion.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/subversion.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f7cb5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/vcs/subversion.py
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+
+from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    display_path, make_vcs_requirement_url, rmtree, split_auth_from_netloc,
+)
+from pip._internal.vcs import VersionControl, vcs
+
+_svn_xml_url_re = re.compile('url="([^"]+)"')
+_svn_rev_re = re.compile(r'committed-rev="(\d+)"')
+_svn_info_xml_rev_re = re.compile(r'\s*revision="(\d+)"')
+_svn_info_xml_url_re = re.compile(r'<url>(.*)</url>')
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Subversion(VersionControl):
+    name = 'svn'
+    dirname = '.svn'
+    repo_name = 'checkout'
+    schemes = ('svn', 'svn+ssh', 'svn+http', 'svn+https', 'svn+svn')
+
+    def get_base_rev_args(self, rev):
+        return ['-r', rev]
+
+    def export(self, location):
+        """Export the svn repository at the url to the destination location"""
+        url, rev_options = self.get_url_rev_options(self.url)
+
+        logger.info('Exporting svn repository %s to %s', url, location)
+        with indent_log():
+            if os.path.exists(location):
+                # Subversion doesn't like to check out over an existing
+                # directory --force fixes this, but was only added in svn 1.5
+                rmtree(location)
+            cmd_args = ['export'] + rev_options.to_args() + [url, location]
+            self.run_command(cmd_args, show_stdout=False)
+
+    def fetch_new(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        rev_display = rev_options.to_display()
+        logger.info(
+            'Checking out %s%s to %s',
+            url,
+            rev_display,
+            display_path(dest),
+        )
+        cmd_args = ['checkout', '-q'] + rev_options.to_args() + [url, dest]
+        self.run_command(cmd_args)
+
+    def switch(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        cmd_args = ['switch'] + rev_options.to_args() + [url, dest]
+        self.run_command(cmd_args)
+
+    def update(self, dest, url, rev_options):
+        cmd_args = ['update'] + rev_options.to_args() + [dest]
+        self.run_command(cmd_args)
+
+    def get_location(self, dist, dependency_links):
+        for url in dependency_links:
+            egg_fragment = Link(url).egg_fragment
+            if not egg_fragment:
+                continue
+            if '-' in egg_fragment:
+                # FIXME: will this work when a package has - in the name?
+                key = '-'.join(egg_fragment.split('-')[:-1]).lower()
+            else:
+                key = egg_fragment
+            if key == dist.key:
+                return url.split('#', 1)[0]
+        return None
+
+    def get_revision(self, location):
+        """
+        Return the maximum revision for all files under a given location
+        """
+        # Note: taken from setuptools.command.egg_info
+        revision = 0
+
+        for base, dirs, files in os.walk(location):
+            if self.dirname not in dirs:
+                dirs[:] = []
+                continue    # no sense walking uncontrolled subdirs
+            dirs.remove(self.dirname)
+            entries_fn = os.path.join(base, self.dirname, 'entries')
+            if not os.path.exists(entries_fn):
+                # FIXME: should we warn?
+                continue
+
+            dirurl, localrev = self._get_svn_url_rev(base)
+
+            if base == location:
+                base = dirurl + '/'   # save the root url
+            elif not dirurl or not dirurl.startswith(base):
+                dirs[:] = []
+                continue    # not part of the same svn tree, skip it
+            revision = max(revision, localrev)
+        return revision
+
+    def get_netloc_and_auth(self, netloc, scheme):
+        """
+        This override allows the auth information to be passed to svn via the
+        --username and --password options instead of via the URL.
+        """
+        if scheme == 'ssh':
+            # The --username and --password options can't be used for
+            # svn+ssh URLs, so keep the auth information in the URL.
+            return super(Subversion, self).get_netloc_and_auth(
+                netloc, scheme)
+
+        return split_auth_from_netloc(netloc)
+
+    def get_url_rev_and_auth(self, url):
+        # hotfix the URL scheme after removing svn+ from svn+ssh:// readd it
+        url, rev, user_pass = super(Subversion, self).get_url_rev_and_auth(url)
+        if url.startswith('ssh://'):
+            url = 'svn+' + url
+        return url, rev, user_pass
+
+    def make_rev_args(self, username, password):
+        extra_args = []
+        if username:
+            extra_args += ['--username', username]
+        if password:
+            extra_args += ['--password', password]
+
+        return extra_args
+
+    def get_url(self, location):
+        # In cases where the source is in a subdirectory, not alongside
+        # setup.py we have to look up in the location until we find a real
+        # setup.py
+        orig_location = location
+        while not os.path.exists(os.path.join(location, 'setup.py')):
+            last_location = location
+            location = os.path.dirname(location)
+            if location == last_location:
+                # We've traversed up to the root of the filesystem without
+                # finding setup.py
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Could not find setup.py for directory %s (tried all "
+                    "parent directories)",
+                    orig_location,
+                )
+                return None
+
+        return self._get_svn_url_rev(location)[0]
+
+    def _get_svn_url_rev(self, location):
+        from pip._internal.exceptions import InstallationError
+
+        entries_path = os.path.join(location, self.dirname, 'entries')
+        if os.path.exists(entries_path):
+            with open(entries_path) as f:
+                data = f.read()
+        else:  # subversion >= 1.7 does not have the 'entries' file
+            data = ''
+
+        if (data.startswith('8') or
+                data.startswith('9') or
+                data.startswith('10')):
+            data = list(map(str.splitlines, data.split('\n\x0c\n')))
+            del data[0][0]  # get rid of the '8'
+            url = data[0][3]
+            revs = [int(d[9]) for d in data if len(d) > 9 and d[9]] + [0]
+        elif data.startswith('<?xml'):
+            match = _svn_xml_url_re.search(data)
+            if not match:
+                raise ValueError('Badly formatted data: %r' % data)
+            url = match.group(1)    # get repository URL
+            revs = [int(m.group(1)) for m in _svn_rev_re.finditer(data)] + [0]
+        else:
+            try:
+                # subversion >= 1.7
+                xml = self.run_command(
+                    ['info', '--xml', location],
+                    show_stdout=False,
+                )
+                url = _svn_info_xml_url_re.search(xml).group(1)
+                revs = [
+                    int(m.group(1)) for m in _svn_info_xml_rev_re.finditer(xml)
+                ]
+            except InstallationError:
+                url, revs = None, []
+
+        if revs:
+            rev = max(revs)
+        else:
+            rev = 0
+
+        return url, rev
+
+    def get_src_requirement(self, dist, location):
+        repo = self.get_url(location)
+        if repo is None:
+            return None
+        repo = 'svn+' + repo
+        rev = self.get_revision(location)
+        # FIXME: why not project name?
+        egg_project_name = dist.egg_name().split('-', 1)[0]
+        return make_vcs_requirement_url(repo, rev, egg_project_name)
+
+    def is_commit_id_equal(self, dest, name):
+        """Always assume the versions don't match"""
+        return False
+
+
+vcs.register(Subversion)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/wheel.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ce890e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,831 @@
+"""
+Support for installing and building the "wheel" binary package format.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import collections
+import compileall
+import csv
+import hashlib
+import logging
+import os.path
+import re
+import shutil
+import stat
+import sys
+import warnings
+from base64 import urlsafe_b64encode
+from email.parser import Parser
+
+from pip._vendor import pkg_resources
+from pip._vendor.distlib.scripts import ScriptMaker
+from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from pip._vendor.six import StringIO
+
+from pip._internal import pep425tags
+from pip._internal.download import path_to_url, unpack_url
+from pip._internal.exceptions import (
+    InstallationError, InvalidWheelFilename, UnsupportedWheel,
+)
+from pip._internal.locations import (
+    PIP_DELETE_MARKER_FILENAME, distutils_scheme,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.logging import indent_log
+from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
+    call_subprocess, captured_stdout, ensure_dir, read_chunks,
+)
+from pip._internal.utils.setuptools_build import SETUPTOOLS_SHIM
+from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
+from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
+from pip._internal.utils.ui import open_spinner
+
+if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
+    from typing import Dict, List, Optional  # noqa: F401
+
+wheel_ext = '.whl'
+
+VERSION_COMPATIBLE = (1, 0)
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def rehash(path, blocksize=1 << 20):
+    """Return (hash, length) for path using hashlib.sha256()"""
+    h = hashlib.sha256()
+    length = 0
+    with open(path, 'rb') as f:
+        for block in read_chunks(f, size=blocksize):
+            length += len(block)
+            h.update(block)
+    digest = 'sha256=' + urlsafe_b64encode(
+        h.digest()
+    ).decode('latin1').rstrip('=')
+    return (digest, length)
+
+
+def open_for_csv(name, mode):
+    if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+        nl = {}
+        bin = 'b'
+    else:
+        nl = {'newline': ''}
+        bin = ''
+    return open(name, mode + bin, **nl)
+
+
+def fix_script(path):
+    """Replace #!python with #!/path/to/python
+    Return True if file was changed."""
+    # XXX RECORD hashes will need to be updated
+    if os.path.isfile(path):
+        with open(path, 'rb') as script:
+            firstline = script.readline()
+            if not firstline.startswith(b'#!python'):
+                return False
+            exename = sys.executable.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+            firstline = b'#!' + exename + os.linesep.encode("ascii")
+            rest = script.read()
+        with open(path, 'wb') as script:
+            script.write(firstline)
+            script.write(rest)
+        return True
+
+
+dist_info_re = re.compile(r"""^(?P<namever>(?P<name>.+?)(-(?P<ver>.+?))?)
+                                \.dist-info$""", re.VERBOSE)
+
+
+def root_is_purelib(name, wheeldir):
+    """
+    Return True if the extracted wheel in wheeldir should go into purelib.
+    """
+    name_folded = name.replace("-", "_")
+    for item in os.listdir(wheeldir):
+        match = dist_info_re.match(item)
+        if match and match.group('name') == name_folded:
+            with open(os.path.join(wheeldir, item, 'WHEEL')) as wheel:
+                for line in wheel:
+                    line = line.lower().rstrip()
+                    if line == "root-is-purelib: true":
+                        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def get_entrypoints(filename):
+    if not os.path.exists(filename):
+        return {}, {}
+
+    # This is done because you can pass a string to entry_points wrappers which
+    # means that they may or may not be valid INI files. The attempt here is to
+    # strip leading and trailing whitespace in order to make them valid INI
+    # files.
+    with open(filename) as fp:
+        data = StringIO()
+        for line in fp:
+            data.write(line.strip())
+            data.write("\n")
+        data.seek(0)
+
+    # get the entry points and then the script names
+    entry_points = pkg_resources.EntryPoint.parse_map(data)
+    console = entry_points.get('console_scripts', {})
+    gui = entry_points.get('gui_scripts', {})
+
+    def _split_ep(s):
+        """get the string representation of EntryPoint, remove space and split
+        on '='"""
+        return str(s).replace(" ", "").split("=")
+
+    # convert the EntryPoint objects into strings with module:function
+    console = dict(_split_ep(v) for v in console.values())
+    gui = dict(_split_ep(v) for v in gui.values())
+    return console, gui
+
+
+def message_about_scripts_not_on_PATH(scripts):
+    # type: (List[str]) -> Optional[str]
+    """Determine if any scripts are not on PATH and format a warning.
+
+    Returns a warning message if one or more scripts are not on PATH,
+    otherwise None.
+    """
+    if not scripts:
+        return None
+
+    # Group scripts by the path they were installed in
+    grouped_by_dir = collections.defaultdict(set)  # type: Dict[str, set]
+    for destfile in scripts:
+        parent_dir = os.path.dirname(destfile)
+        script_name = os.path.basename(destfile)
+        grouped_by_dir[parent_dir].add(script_name)
+
+    # We don't want to warn for directories that are on PATH.
+    not_warn_dirs = [
+        os.path.normcase(i).rstrip(os.sep) for i in
+        os.environ.get("PATH", "").split(os.pathsep)
+    ]
+    # If an executable sits with sys.executable, we don't warn for it.
+    #     This covers the case of venv invocations without activating the venv.
+    not_warn_dirs.append(os.path.normcase(os.path.dirname(sys.executable)))
+    warn_for = {
+        parent_dir: scripts for parent_dir, scripts in grouped_by_dir.items()
+        if os.path.normcase(parent_dir) not in not_warn_dirs
+    }
+    if not warn_for:
+        return None
+
+    # Format a message
+    msg_lines = []
+    for parent_dir, scripts in warn_for.items():
+        scripts = sorted(scripts)
+        if len(scripts) == 1:
+            start_text = "script {} is".format(scripts[0])
+        else:
+            start_text = "scripts {} are".format(
+                ", ".join(scripts[:-1]) + " and " + scripts[-1]
+            )
+
+        msg_lines.append(
+            "The {} installed in '{}' which is not on PATH."
+            .format(start_text, parent_dir)
+        )
+
+    last_line_fmt = (
+        "Consider adding {} to PATH or, if you prefer "
+        "to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location."
+    )
+    if len(msg_lines) == 1:
+        msg_lines.append(last_line_fmt.format("this directory"))
+    else:
+        msg_lines.append(last_line_fmt.format("these directories"))
+
+    # Returns the formatted multiline message
+    return "\n".join(msg_lines)
+
+
+def move_wheel_files(name, req, wheeldir, user=False, home=None, root=None,
+                     pycompile=True, scheme=None, isolated=False, prefix=None,
+                     warn_script_location=True):
+    """Install a wheel"""
+
+    if not scheme:
+        scheme = distutils_scheme(
+            name, user=user, home=home, root=root, isolated=isolated,
+            prefix=prefix,
+        )
+
+    if root_is_purelib(name, wheeldir):
+        lib_dir = scheme['purelib']
+    else:
+        lib_dir = scheme['platlib']
+
+    info_dir = []
+    data_dirs = []
+    source = wheeldir.rstrip(os.path.sep) + os.path.sep
+
+    # Record details of the files moved
+    #   installed = files copied from the wheel to the destination
+    #   changed = files changed while installing (scripts #! line typically)
+    #   generated = files newly generated during the install (script wrappers)
+    installed = {}
+    changed = set()
+    generated = []
+
+    # Compile all of the pyc files that we're going to be installing
+    if pycompile:
+        with captured_stdout() as stdout:
+            with warnings.catch_warnings():
+                warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
+                compileall.compile_dir(source, force=True, quiet=True)
+        logger.debug(stdout.getvalue())
+
+    def normpath(src, p):
+        return os.path.relpath(src, p).replace(os.path.sep, '/')
+
+    def record_installed(srcfile, destfile, modified=False):
+        """Map archive RECORD paths to installation RECORD paths."""
+        oldpath = normpath(srcfile, wheeldir)
+        newpath = normpath(destfile, lib_dir)
+        installed[oldpath] = newpath
+        if modified:
+            changed.add(destfile)
+
+    def clobber(source, dest, is_base, fixer=None, filter=None):
+        ensure_dir(dest)  # common for the 'include' path
+
+        for dir, subdirs, files in os.walk(source):
+            basedir = dir[len(source):].lstrip(os.path.sep)
+            destdir = os.path.join(dest, basedir)
+            if is_base and basedir.split(os.path.sep, 1)[0].endswith('.data'):
+                continue
+            for s in subdirs:
+                destsubdir = os.path.join(dest, basedir, s)
+                if is_base and basedir == '' and destsubdir.endswith('.data'):
+                    data_dirs.append(s)
+                    continue
+                elif (is_base and
+                        s.endswith('.dist-info') and
+                        canonicalize_name(s).startswith(
+                            canonicalize_name(req.name))):
+                    assert not info_dir, ('Multiple .dist-info directories: ' +
+                                          destsubdir + ', ' +
+                                          ', '.join(info_dir))
+                    info_dir.append(destsubdir)
+            for f in files:
+                # Skip unwanted files
+                if filter and filter(f):
+                    continue
+                srcfile = os.path.join(dir, f)
+                destfile = os.path.join(dest, basedir, f)
+                # directory creation is lazy and after the file filtering above
+                # to ensure we don't install empty dirs; empty dirs can't be
+                # uninstalled.
+                ensure_dir(destdir)
+
+                # copyfile (called below) truncates the destination if it
+                # exists and then writes the new contents. This is fine in most
+                # cases, but can cause a segfault if pip has loaded a shared
+                # object (e.g. from pyopenssl through its vendored urllib3)
+                # Since the shared object is mmap'd an attempt to call a
+                # symbol in it will then cause a segfault. Unlinking the file
+                # allows writing of new contents while allowing the process to
+                # continue to use the old copy.
+                if os.path.exists(destfile):
+                    os.unlink(destfile)
+
+                # We use copyfile (not move, copy, or copy2) to be extra sure
+                # that we are not moving directories over (copyfile fails for
+                # directories) as well as to ensure that we are not copying
+                # over any metadata because we want more control over what
+                # metadata we actually copy over.
+                shutil.copyfile(srcfile, destfile)
+
+                # Copy over the metadata for the file, currently this only
+                # includes the atime and mtime.
+                st = os.stat(srcfile)
+                if hasattr(os, "utime"):
+                    os.utime(destfile, (st.st_atime, st.st_mtime))
+
+                # If our file is executable, then make our destination file
+                # executable.
+                if os.access(srcfile, os.X_OK):
+                    st = os.stat(srcfile)
+                    permissions = (
+                        st.st_mode | stat.S_IXUSR | stat.S_IXGRP | stat.S_IXOTH
+                    )
+                    os.chmod(destfile, permissions)
+
+                changed = False
+                if fixer:
+                    changed = fixer(destfile)
+                record_installed(srcfile, destfile, changed)
+
+    clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
+
+    assert info_dir, "%s .dist-info directory not found" % req
+
+    # Get the defined entry points
+    ep_file = os.path.join(info_dir[0], 'entry_points.txt')
+    console, gui = get_entrypoints(ep_file)
+
+    def is_entrypoint_wrapper(name):
+        # EP, EP.exe and EP-script.py are scripts generated for
+        # entry point EP by setuptools
+        if name.lower().endswith('.exe'):
+            matchname = name[:-4]
+        elif name.lower().endswith('-script.py'):
+            matchname = name[:-10]
+        elif name.lower().endswith(".pya"):
+            matchname = name[:-4]
+        else:
+            matchname = name
+        # Ignore setuptools-generated scripts
+        return (matchname in console or matchname in gui)
+
+    for datadir in data_dirs:
+        fixer = None
+        filter = None
+        for subdir in os.listdir(os.path.join(wheeldir, datadir)):
+            fixer = None
+            if subdir == 'scripts':
+                fixer = fix_script
+                filter = is_entrypoint_wrapper
+            source = os.path.join(wheeldir, datadir, subdir)
+            dest = scheme[subdir]
+            clobber(source, dest, False, fixer=fixer, filter=filter)
+
+    maker = ScriptMaker(None, scheme['scripts'])
+
+    # Ensure old scripts are overwritten.
+    # See https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1800
+    maker.clobber = True
+
+    # Ensure we don't generate any variants for scripts because this is almost
+    # never what somebody wants.
+    # See https://bitbucket.org/pypa/distlib/issue/35/
+    maker.variants = {''}
+
+    # This is required because otherwise distlib creates scripts that are not
+    # executable.
+    # See https://bitbucket.org/pypa/distlib/issue/32/
+    maker.set_mode = True
+
+    # Simplify the script and fix the fact that the default script swallows
+    # every single stack trace.
+    # See https://bitbucket.org/pypa/distlib/issue/34/
+    # See https://bitbucket.org/pypa/distlib/issue/33/
+    def _get_script_text(entry):
+        if entry.suffix is None:
+            raise InstallationError(
+                "Invalid script entry point: %s for req: %s - A callable "
+                "suffix is required. Cf https://packaging.python.org/en/"
+                "latest/distributing.html#console-scripts for more "
+                "information." % (entry, req)
+            )
+        return maker.script_template % {
+            "module": entry.prefix,
+            "import_name": entry.suffix.split(".")[0],
+            "func": entry.suffix,
+        }
+
+    maker._get_script_text = _get_script_text
+    maker.script_template = r"""# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import sys
+
+from %(module)s import %(import_name)s
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+    sys.exit(%(func)s())
+"""
+
+    # Special case pip and setuptools to generate versioned wrappers
+    #
+    # The issue is that some projects (specifically, pip and setuptools) use
+    # code in setup.py to create "versioned" entry points - pip2.7 on Python
+    # 2.7, pip3.3 on Python 3.3, etc. But these entry points are baked into
+    # the wheel metadata at build time, and so if the wheel is installed with
+    # a *different* version of Python the entry points will be wrong. The
+    # correct fix for this is to enhance the metadata to be able to describe
+    # such versioned entry points, but that won't happen till Metadata 2.0 is
+    # available.
+    # In the meantime, projects using versioned entry points will either have
+    # incorrect versioned entry points, or they will not be able to distribute
+    # "universal" wheels (i.e., they will need a wheel per Python version).
+    #
+    # Because setuptools and pip are bundled with _ensurepip and virtualenv,
+    # we need to use universal wheels. So, as a stopgap until Metadata 2.0, we
+    # override the versioned entry points in the wheel and generate the
+    # correct ones. This code is purely a short-term measure until Metadata 2.0
+    # is available.
+    #
+    # To add the level of hack in this section of code, in order to support
+    # ensurepip this code will look for an ``ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS`` environment
+    # variable which will control which version scripts get installed.
+    #
+    # ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS=altinstall
+    #   - Only pipX.Y and easy_install-X.Y will be generated and installed
+    # ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS=install
+    #   - pipX.Y, pipX, easy_install-X.Y will be generated and installed. Note
+    #     that this option is technically if ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS is set and is
+    #     not altinstall
+    # DEFAULT
+    #   - The default behavior is to install pip, pipX, pipX.Y, easy_install
+    #     and easy_install-X.Y.
+    pip_script = console.pop('pip', None)
+    if pip_script:
+        if "ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS" not in os.environ:
+            spec = 'pip = ' + pip_script
+            generated.extend(maker.make(spec))
+
+        if os.environ.get("ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS", "") != "altinstall":
+            spec = 'pip%s = %s' % (sys.version[:1], pip_script)
+            generated.extend(maker.make(spec))
+
+        spec = 'pip%s = %s' % (sys.version[:3], pip_script)
+        generated.extend(maker.make(spec))
+        # Delete any other versioned pip entry points
+        pip_ep = [k for k in console if re.match(r'pip(\d(\.\d)?)?$', k)]
+        for k in pip_ep:
+            del console[k]
+    easy_install_script = console.pop('easy_install', None)
+    if easy_install_script:
+        if "ENSUREPIP_OPTIONS" not in os.environ:
+            spec = 'easy_install = ' + easy_install_script
+            generated.extend(maker.make(spec))
+
+        spec = 'easy_install-%s = %s' % (sys.version[:3], easy_install_script)
+        generated.extend(maker.make(spec))
+        # Delete any other versioned easy_install entry points
+        easy_install_ep = [
+            k for k in console if re.match(r'easy_install(-\d\.\d)?$', k)
+        ]
+        for k in easy_install_ep:
+            del console[k]
+
+    # Generate the console and GUI entry points specified in the wheel
+    if len(console) > 0:
+        generated_console_scripts = maker.make_multiple(
+            ['%s = %s' % kv for kv in console.items()]
+        )
+        generated.extend(generated_console_scripts)
+
+        if warn_script_location:
+            msg = message_about_scripts_not_on_PATH(generated_console_scripts)
+            if msg is not None:
+                logger.warning(msg)
+
+    if len(gui) > 0:
+        generated.extend(
+            maker.make_multiple(
+                ['%s = %s' % kv for kv in gui.items()],
+                {'gui': True}
+            )
+        )
+
+    # Record pip as the installer
+    installer = os.path.join(info_dir[0], 'INSTALLER')
+    temp_installer = os.path.join(info_dir[0], 'INSTALLER.pip')
+    with open(temp_installer, 'wb') as installer_file:
+        installer_file.write(b'pip\n')
+    shutil.move(temp_installer, installer)
+    generated.append(installer)
+
+    # Record details of all files installed
+    record = os.path.join(info_dir[0], 'RECORD')
+    temp_record = os.path.join(info_dir[0], 'RECORD.pip')
+    with open_for_csv(record, 'r') as record_in:
+        with open_for_csv(temp_record, 'w+') as record_out:
+            reader = csv.reader(record_in)
+            writer = csv.writer(record_out)
+            outrows = []
+            for row in reader:
+                row[0] = installed.pop(row[0], row[0])
+                if row[0] in changed:
+                    row[1], row[2] = rehash(row[0])
+                outrows.append(tuple(row))
+            for f in generated:
+                digest, length = rehash(f)
+                outrows.append((normpath(f, lib_dir), digest, length))
+            for f in installed:
+                outrows.append((installed[f], '', ''))
+            for row in sorted(outrows):
+                writer.writerow(row)
+    shutil.move(temp_record, record)
+
+
+def wheel_version(source_dir):
+    """
+    Return the Wheel-Version of an extracted wheel, if possible.
+
+    Otherwise, return False if we couldn't parse / extract it.
+    """
+    try:
+        dist = [d for d in pkg_resources.find_on_path(None, source_dir)][0]
+
+        wheel_data = dist.get_metadata('WHEEL')
+        wheel_data = Parser().parsestr(wheel_data)
+
+        version = wheel_data['Wheel-Version'].strip()
+        version = tuple(map(int, version.split('.')))
+        return version
+    except Exception:
+        return False
+
+
+def check_compatibility(version, name):
+    """
+    Raises errors or warns if called with an incompatible Wheel-Version.
+
+    Pip should refuse to install a Wheel-Version that's a major series
+    ahead of what it's compatible with (e.g 2.0 > 1.1); and warn when
+    installing a version only minor version ahead (e.g 1.2 > 1.1).
+
+    version: a 2-tuple representing a Wheel-Version (Major, Minor)
+    name: name of wheel or package to raise exception about
+
+    :raises UnsupportedWheel: when an incompatible Wheel-Version is given
+    """
+    if not version:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(
+            "%s is in an unsupported or invalid wheel" % name
+        )
+    if version[0] > VERSION_COMPATIBLE[0]:
+        raise UnsupportedWheel(
+            "%s's Wheel-Version (%s) is not compatible with this version "
+            "of pip" % (name, '.'.join(map(str, version)))
+        )
+    elif version > VERSION_COMPATIBLE:
+        logger.warning(
+            'Installing from a newer Wheel-Version (%s)',
+            '.'.join(map(str, version)),
+        )
+
+
+class Wheel(object):
+    """A wheel file"""
+
+    # TODO: maybe move the install code into this class
+
+    wheel_file_re = re.compile(
+        r"""^(?P<namever>(?P<name>.+?)-(?P<ver>.*?))
+        ((-(?P<build>\d[^-]*?))?-(?P<pyver>.+?)-(?P<abi>.+?)-(?P<plat>.+?)
+        \.whl|\.dist-info)$""",
+        re.VERBOSE
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, filename):
+        """
+        :raises InvalidWheelFilename: when the filename is invalid for a wheel
+        """
+        wheel_info = self.wheel_file_re.match(filename)
+        if not wheel_info:
+            raise InvalidWheelFilename(
+                "%s is not a valid wheel filename." % filename
+            )
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.name = wheel_info.group('name').replace('_', '-')
+        # we'll assume "_" means "-" due to wheel naming scheme
+        # (https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/1150)
+        self.version = wheel_info.group('ver').replace('_', '-')
+        self.build_tag = wheel_info.group('build')
+        self.pyversions = wheel_info.group('pyver').split('.')
+        self.abis = wheel_info.group('abi').split('.')
+        self.plats = wheel_info.group('plat').split('.')
+
+        # All the tag combinations from this file
+        self.file_tags = {
+            (x, y, z) for x in self.pyversions
+            for y in self.abis for z in self.plats
+        }
+
+    def support_index_min(self, tags=None):
+        """
+        Return the lowest index that one of the wheel's file_tag combinations
+        achieves in the supported_tags list e.g. if there are 8 supported tags,
+        and one of the file tags is first in the list, then return 0.  Returns
+        None is the wheel is not supported.
+        """
+        if tags is None:  # for mock
+            tags = pep425tags.get_supported()
+        indexes = [tags.index(c) for c in self.file_tags if c in tags]
+        return min(indexes) if indexes else None
+
+    def supported(self, tags=None):
+        """Is this wheel supported on this system?"""
+        if tags is None:  # for mock
+            tags = pep425tags.get_supported()
+        return bool(set(tags).intersection(self.file_tags))
+
+
+class WheelBuilder(object):
+    """Build wheels from a RequirementSet."""
+
+    def __init__(self, finder, preparer, wheel_cache,
+                 build_options=None, global_options=None, no_clean=False):
+        self.finder = finder
+        self.preparer = preparer
+        self.wheel_cache = wheel_cache
+
+        self._wheel_dir = preparer.wheel_download_dir
+
+        self.build_options = build_options or []
+        self.global_options = global_options or []
+        self.no_clean = no_clean
+
+    def _build_one(self, req, output_dir, python_tag=None):
+        """Build one wheel.
+
+        :return: The filename of the built wheel, or None if the build failed.
+        """
+        # Install build deps into temporary directory (PEP 518)
+        with req.build_env:
+            return self._build_one_inside_env(req, output_dir,
+                                              python_tag=python_tag)
+
+    def _build_one_inside_env(self, req, output_dir, python_tag=None):
+        with TempDirectory(kind="wheel") as temp_dir:
+            if self.__build_one(req, temp_dir.path, python_tag=python_tag):
+                try:
+                    wheel_name = os.listdir(temp_dir.path)[0]
+                    wheel_path = os.path.join(output_dir, wheel_name)
+                    shutil.move(
+                        os.path.join(temp_dir.path, wheel_name), wheel_path
+                    )
+                    logger.info('Stored in directory: %s', output_dir)
+                    return wheel_path
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            # Ignore return, we can't do anything else useful.
+            self._clean_one(req)
+            return None
+
+    def _base_setup_args(self, req):
+        # NOTE: Eventually, we'd want to also -S to the flags here, when we're
+        # isolating. Currently, it breaks Python in virtualenvs, because it
+        # relies on site.py to find parts of the standard library outside the
+        # virtualenv.
+        return [
+            sys.executable, '-u', '-c',
+            SETUPTOOLS_SHIM % req.setup_py
+        ] + list(self.global_options)
+
+    def __build_one(self, req, tempd, python_tag=None):
+        base_args = self._base_setup_args(req)
+
+        spin_message = 'Running setup.py bdist_wheel for %s' % (req.name,)
+        with open_spinner(spin_message) as spinner:
+            logger.debug('Destination directory: %s', tempd)
+            wheel_args = base_args + ['bdist_wheel', '-d', tempd] \
+                + self.build_options
+
+            if python_tag is not None:
+                wheel_args += ["--python-tag", python_tag]
+
+            try:
+                call_subprocess(wheel_args, cwd=req.setup_py_dir,
+                                show_stdout=False, spinner=spinner)
+                return True
+            except Exception:
+                spinner.finish("error")
+                logger.error('Failed building wheel for %s', req.name)
+                return False
+
+    def _clean_one(self, req):
+        base_args = self._base_setup_args(req)
+
+        logger.info('Running setup.py clean for %s', req.name)
+        clean_args = base_args + ['clean', '--all']
+        try:
+            call_subprocess(clean_args, cwd=req.source_dir, show_stdout=False)
+            return True
+        except Exception:
+            logger.error('Failed cleaning build dir for %s', req.name)
+            return False
+
+    def build(self, requirements, session, autobuilding=False):
+        """Build wheels.
+
+        :param unpack: If True, replace the sdist we built from with the
+            newly built wheel, in preparation for installation.
+        :return: True if all the wheels built correctly.
+        """
+        from pip._internal import index
+        from pip._internal.models.link import Link
+
+        building_is_possible = self._wheel_dir or (
+            autobuilding and self.wheel_cache.cache_dir
+        )
+        assert building_is_possible
+
+        buildset = []
+        format_control = self.finder.format_control
+        for req in requirements:
+            if req.constraint:
+                continue
+            if req.is_wheel:
+                if not autobuilding:
+                    logger.info(
+                        'Skipping %s, due to already being wheel.', req.name,
+                    )
+            elif autobuilding and req.editable:
+                pass
+            elif autobuilding and not req.source_dir:
+                pass
+            elif autobuilding and req.link and not req.link.is_artifact:
+                # VCS checkout. Build wheel just for this run.
+                buildset.append((req, True))
+            else:
+                ephem_cache = False
+                if autobuilding:
+                    link = req.link
+                    base, ext = link.splitext()
+                    if index.egg_info_matches(base, None, link) is None:
+                        # E.g. local directory. Build wheel just for this run.
+                        ephem_cache = True
+                    if "binary" not in format_control.get_allowed_formats(
+                            canonicalize_name(req.name)):
+                        logger.info(
+                            "Skipping bdist_wheel for %s, due to binaries "
+                            "being disabled for it.", req.name,
+                        )
+                        continue
+                buildset.append((req, ephem_cache))
+
+        if not buildset:
+            return True
+
+        # Build the wheels.
+        logger.info(
+            'Building wheels for collected packages: %s',
+            ', '.join([req.name for (req, _) in buildset]),
+        )
+        _cache = self.wheel_cache  # shorter name
+        with indent_log():
+            build_success, build_failure = [], []
+            for req, ephem in buildset:
+                python_tag = None
+                if autobuilding:
+                    python_tag = pep425tags.implementation_tag
+                    if ephem:
+                        output_dir = _cache.get_ephem_path_for_link(req.link)
+                    else:
+                        output_dir = _cache.get_path_for_link(req.link)
+                    try:
+                        ensure_dir(output_dir)
+                    except OSError as e:
+                        logger.warning("Building wheel for %s failed: %s",
+                                       req.name, e)
+                        build_failure.append(req)
+                        continue
+                else:
+                    output_dir = self._wheel_dir
+                wheel_file = self._build_one(
+                    req, output_dir,
+                    python_tag=python_tag,
+                )
+                if wheel_file:
+                    build_success.append(req)
+                    if autobuilding:
+                        # XXX: This is mildly duplicative with prepare_files,
+                        # but not close enough to pull out to a single common
+                        # method.
+                        # The code below assumes temporary source dirs -
+                        # prevent it doing bad things.
+                        if req.source_dir and not os.path.exists(os.path.join(
+                                req.source_dir, PIP_DELETE_MARKER_FILENAME)):
+                            raise AssertionError(
+                                "bad source dir - missing marker")
+                        # Delete the source we built the wheel from
+                        req.remove_temporary_source()
+                        # set the build directory again - name is known from
+                        # the work prepare_files did.
+                        req.source_dir = req.build_location(
+                            self.preparer.build_dir
+                        )
+                        # Update the link for this.
+                        req.link = Link(path_to_url(wheel_file))
+                        assert req.link.is_wheel
+                        # extract the wheel into the dir
+                        unpack_url(
+                            req.link, req.source_dir, None, False,
+                            session=session,
+                        )
+                else:
+                    build_failure.append(req)
+
+        # notify success/failure
+        if build_success:
+            logger.info(
+                'Successfully built %s',
+                ' '.join([req.name for req in build_success]),
+            )
+        if build_failure:
+            logger.info(
+                'Failed to build %s',
+                ' '.join([req.name for req in build_failure]),
+            )
+        # Return True if all builds were successful
+        return len(build_failure) == 0
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07db110
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+"""
+pip._vendor is for vendoring dependencies of pip to prevent needing pip to
+depend on something external.
+
+Files inside of pip._vendor should be considered immutable and should only be
+updated to versions from upstream.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import glob
+import os.path
+import sys
+
+# Downstream redistributors which have debundled our dependencies should also
+# patch this value to be true. This will trigger the additional patching
+# to cause things like "six" to be available as pip.
+DEBUNDLED = True
+
+# By default, look in this directory for a bunch of .whl files which we will
+# add to the beginning of sys.path before attempting to import anything. This
+# is done to support downstream re-distributors like Debian and Fedora who
+# wish to create their own Wheels for our dependencies to aid in debundling.
+WHEEL_DIR = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(sys.prefix, 'share', 'python-wheels'))
+
+
+# Define a small helper function to alias our vendored modules to the real ones
+# if the vendored ones do not exist. This idea of this was taken from
+# https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/pull/2567.
+def vendored(modulename):
+    vendored_name = "{0}.{1}".format(__name__, modulename)
+
+    try:
+        __import__(vendored_name, globals(), locals(), level=0)
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            __import__(modulename, globals(), locals(), level=0)
+        except ImportError:
+            # We can just silently allow import failures to pass here. If we
+            # got to this point it means that ``import pip._vendor.whatever``
+            # failed and so did ``import whatever``. Since we're importing this
+            # upfront in an attempt to alias imports, not erroring here will
+            # just mean we get a regular import error whenever pip *actually*
+            # tries to import one of these modules to use it, which actually
+            # gives us a better error message than we would have otherwise
+            # gotten.
+            pass
+        else:
+            sys.modules[vendored_name] = sys.modules[modulename]
+            base, head = vendored_name.rsplit(".", 1)
+            setattr(sys.modules[base], head, sys.modules[modulename])
+
+
+# If we're operating in a debundled setup, then we want to go ahead and trigger
+# the aliasing of our vendored libraries as well as looking for wheels to add
+# to our sys.path. This will cause all of this code to be a no-op typically
+# however downstream redistributors can enable it in a consistent way across
+# all platforms.
+if DEBUNDLED:
+    # Actually look inside of WHEEL_DIR to find .whl files and add them to the
+    # front of our sys.path.
+    sys.path[:] = glob.glob(os.path.join(WHEEL_DIR, "*.whl")) + sys.path
+
+    # Actually alias all of our vendored dependencies.
+    vendored("cachecontrol")
+    vendored("colorama")
+    vendored("distlib")
+    vendored("distro")
+    vendored("html5lib")
+    vendored("lockfile")
+    vendored("six")
+    vendored("six.moves")
+    vendored("six.moves.urllib")
+    vendored("six.moves.urllib.parse")
+    vendored("packaging")
+    vendored("packaging.version")
+    vendored("packaging.specifiers")
+    vendored("pkg_resources")
+    vendored("progress")
+    vendored("pytoml")
+    vendored("retrying")
+    vendored("requests")
+    vendored("requests.packages")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3._collections")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.connection")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.connectionpool")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.contrib")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.contrib.ntlmpool")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.fields")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.filepost")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.packages")
+    try:
+        vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.packages.ordered_dict")
+        vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.packages.six")
+    except ImportError:
+        # Debian already unbundles these from requests.
+        pass
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.packages.ssl_match_hostname")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.packages.ssl_match_hostname."
+             "_implementation")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.poolmanager")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.request")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.response")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.connection")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.request")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.response")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.retry")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.ssl_")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.timeout")
+    vendored("requests.packages.urllib3.util.url")
+    vendored("urllib3")
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8beedea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""Wrappers to build Python packages using PEP 517 hooks
+"""
+
+__version__ = '0.2'
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..baa14d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+"""This is invoked in a subprocess to call the build backend hooks.
+
+It expects:
+- Command line args: hook_name, control_dir
+- Environment variable: PEP517_BUILD_BACKEND=entry.point:spec
+- control_dir/input.json:
+  - {"kwargs": {...}}
+
+Results:
+- control_dir/output.json
+  - {"return_val": ...}
+"""
+from glob import glob
+from importlib import import_module
+import os
+from os.path import join as pjoin
+import re
+import shutil
+import sys
+
+# This is run as a script, not a module, so it can't do a relative import
+import compat
+
+def _build_backend():
+    """Find and load the build backend"""
+    ep = os.environ['PEP517_BUILD_BACKEND']
+    mod_path, _, obj_path = ep.partition(':')
+    obj = import_module(mod_path)
+    if obj_path:
+        for path_part in obj_path.split('.'):
+            obj = getattr(obj, path_part)
+    return obj
+
+def get_requires_for_build_wheel(config_settings):
+    """Invoke the optional get_requires_for_build_wheel hook
+    
+    Returns [] if the hook is not defined.
+    """
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        hook = backend.get_requires_for_build_wheel
+    except AttributeError:
+        return []
+    else:
+        return hook(config_settings)
+
+def prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel(metadata_directory, config_settings):
+    """Invoke optional prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
+    
+    Implements a fallback by building a wheel if the hook isn't defined.
+    """
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        hook = backend.prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
+    except AttributeError:
+        return _get_wheel_metadata_from_wheel(backend, metadata_directory,
+                                              config_settings)
+    else:
+        return hook(metadata_directory, config_settings)
+
+WHEEL_BUILT_MARKER = 'PEP517_ALREADY_BUILT_WHEEL'
+
+def _dist_info_files(whl_zip):
+    """Identify the .dist-info folder inside a wheel ZipFile."""
+    res = []
+    for path in whl_zip.namelist():
+        m = re.match(r'[^/\\]+-[^/\\]+\.dist-info/', path)
+        if m:
+            res.append(path)
+    if res:
+        return res
+    raise Exception("No .dist-info folder found in wheel")
+
+def _get_wheel_metadata_from_wheel(backend, metadata_directory, config_settings):
+    """Build a wheel and extract the metadata from it.
+    
+    Fallback for when the build backend does not define the 'get_wheel_metadata'
+    hook.
+    """
+    from zipfile import ZipFile
+    whl_basename = backend.build_wheel(metadata_directory, config_settings)
+    with open(os.path.join(metadata_directory, WHEEL_BUILT_MARKER), 'wb'):
+        pass  # Touch marker file
+
+    whl_file = os.path.join(metadata_directory, whl_basename)
+    with ZipFile(whl_file) as zipf:
+        dist_info = _dist_info_files(zipf)
+        zipf.extractall(path=metadata_directory, members=dist_info)
+    return dist_info[0].split('/')[0]
+
+def _find_already_built_wheel(metadata_directory):
+    """Check for a wheel already built during the get_wheel_metadata hook.
+    """
+    if not metadata_directory:
+        return None
+    metadata_parent = os.path.dirname(metadata_directory)
+    if not os.path.isfile(pjoin(metadata_parent, WHEEL_BUILT_MARKER)):
+        return None
+
+    whl_files = glob(os.path.join(metadata_parent, '*.whl'))
+    if not whl_files:
+        print('Found wheel built marker, but no .whl files')
+        return None
+    if len(whl_files) > 1:
+        print('Found multiple .whl files; unspecified behaviour. '
+              'Will call build_wheel.')
+        return None
+    
+    # Exactly one .whl file
+    return whl_files[0]
+
+def build_wheel(wheel_directory, config_settings, metadata_directory=None):
+    """Invoke the mandatory build_wheel hook.
+    
+    If a wheel was already built in the prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel fallback, this
+    will copy it rather than rebuilding the wheel.
+    """
+    prebuilt_whl = _find_already_built_wheel(metadata_directory)
+    if prebuilt_whl:
+        shutil.copy2(prebuilt_whl, wheel_directory)
+        return os.path.basename(prebuilt_whl)
+
+    return _build_backend().build_wheel(wheel_directory, config_settings,
+                                        metadata_directory)
+
+
+def get_requires_for_build_sdist(config_settings):
+    """Invoke the optional get_requires_for_build_wheel hook
+
+    Returns [] if the hook is not defined.
+    """
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        hook = backend.get_requires_for_build_sdist
+    except AttributeError:
+        return []
+    else:
+        return hook(config_settings)
+
+class _DummyException(Exception):
+    """Nothing should ever raise this exception"""
+
+class GotUnsupportedOperation(Exception):
+    """For internal use when backend raises UnsupportedOperation"""
+
+def build_sdist(sdist_directory, config_settings):
+    """Invoke the mandatory build_sdist hook."""
+    backend = _build_backend()
+    try:
+        return backend.build_sdist(sdist_directory, config_settings)
+    except getattr(backend, 'UnsupportedOperation', _DummyException):
+        raise GotUnsupportedOperation
+
+HOOK_NAMES = {
+    'get_requires_for_build_wheel',
+    'prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel',
+    'build_wheel',
+    'get_requires_for_build_sdist',
+    'build_sdist',
+}
+
+def main():
+    if len(sys.argv) < 3:
+        sys.exit("Needs args: hook_name, control_dir")
+    hook_name = sys.argv[1]
+    control_dir = sys.argv[2]
+    if hook_name not in HOOK_NAMES:
+        sys.exit("Unknown hook: %s" % hook_name)
+    hook = globals()[hook_name]
+
+    hook_input = compat.read_json(pjoin(control_dir, 'input.json'))
+
+    json_out = {'unsupported': False, 'return_val': None}
+    try:
+        json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
+    except GotUnsupportedOperation:
+        json_out['unsupported'] = True
+    
+    compat.write_json(json_out, pjoin(control_dir, 'output.json'), indent=2)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/check.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/check.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c65d51c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/check.py
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+"""Check a project and backend by attempting to build using PEP 517 hooks.
+"""
+import argparse
+import logging
+import os
+from os.path import isfile, join as pjoin
+from pip._vendor.pytoml import TomlError, load as toml_load
+import shutil
+from subprocess import CalledProcessError
+import sys
+import tarfile
+from tempfile import mkdtemp
+import zipfile
+
+from .colorlog import enable_colourful_output
+from .envbuild import BuildEnvironment
+from .wrappers import Pep517HookCaller
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+def check_build_sdist(hooks):
+    with BuildEnvironment() as env:
+        try:
+            env.pip_install(hooks.build_sys_requires)
+            log.info('Installed static build dependencies')
+        except CalledProcessError:
+            log.error('Failed to install static build dependencies')
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            reqs = hooks.get_requires_for_build_sdist({})
+            log.info('Got build requires: %s', reqs)
+        except:
+            log.error('Failure in get_requires_for_build_sdist', exc_info=True)
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            env.pip_install(reqs)
+            log.info('Installed dynamic build dependencies')
+        except CalledProcessError:
+            log.error('Failed to install dynamic build dependencies')
+            return False
+
+        td = mkdtemp()
+        log.info('Trying to build sdist in %s', td)
+        try:
+            try:
+                filename = hooks.build_sdist(td, {})
+                log.info('build_sdist returned %r', filename)
+            except:
+                log.info('Failure in build_sdist', exc_info=True)
+                return False
+
+            if not filename.endswith('.tar.gz'):
+                log.error("Filename %s doesn't have .tar.gz extension", filename)
+                return False
+
+            path = pjoin(td, filename)
+            if isfile(path):
+                log.info("Output file %s exists", path)
+            else:
+                log.error("Output file %s does not exist", path)
+                return False
+
+            if tarfile.is_tarfile(path):
+                log.info("Output file is a tar file")
+            else:
+                log.error("Output file is not a tar file")
+                return False
+
+        finally:
+            shutil.rmtree(td)
+
+        return True
+
+def check_build_wheel(hooks):
+    with BuildEnvironment() as env:
+        try:
+            env.pip_install(hooks.build_sys_requires)
+            log.info('Installed static build dependencies')
+        except CalledProcessError:
+            log.error('Failed to install static build dependencies')
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            reqs = hooks.get_requires_for_build_wheel({})
+            log.info('Got build requires: %s', reqs)
+        except:
+            log.error('Failure in get_requires_for_build_sdist', exc_info=True)
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            env.pip_install(reqs)
+            log.info('Installed dynamic build dependencies')
+        except CalledProcessError:
+            log.error('Failed to install dynamic build dependencies')
+            return False
+
+        td = mkdtemp()
+        log.info('Trying to build wheel in %s', td)
+        try:
+            try:
+                filename = hooks.build_wheel(td, {})
+                log.info('build_wheel returned %r', filename)
+            except:
+                log.info('Failure in build_wheel', exc_info=True)
+                return False
+
+            if not filename.endswith('.whl'):
+                log.error("Filename %s doesn't have .whl extension", filename)
+                return False
+
+            path = pjoin(td, filename)
+            if isfile(path):
+                log.info("Output file %s exists", path)
+            else:
+                log.error("Output file %s does not exist", path)
+                return False
+
+            if zipfile.is_zipfile(path):
+                log.info("Output file is a zip file")
+            else:
+                log.error("Output file is not a zip file")
+                return False
+
+        finally:
+            shutil.rmtree(td)
+
+        return True
+
+
+def check(source_dir):
+    pyproject = pjoin(source_dir, 'pyproject.toml')
+    if isfile(pyproject):
+        log.info('Found pyproject.toml')
+    else:
+        log.error('Missing pyproject.toml')
+        return False
+
+    try:
+        with open(pyproject) as f:
+            pyproject_data = toml_load(f)
+        # Ensure the mandatory data can be loaded
+        buildsys = pyproject_data['build-system']
+        requires = buildsys['requires']
+        backend = buildsys['build-backend']
+        log.info('Loaded pyproject.toml')
+    except (TomlError, KeyError):
+        log.error("Invalid pyproject.toml", exc_info=True)
+        return False
+
+    hooks = Pep517HookCaller(source_dir, backend)
+
+    sdist_ok = check_build_sdist(hooks)
+    wheel_ok = check_build_wheel(hooks)
+
+    if not sdist_ok:
+        log.warning('Sdist checks failed; scroll up to see')
+    if not wheel_ok:
+        log.warning('Wheel checks failed')
+
+    return sdist_ok
+
+
+def main(argv=None):
+    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    ap.add_argument('source_dir',
+        help="A directory containing pyproject.toml")
+    args = ap.parse_args(argv)
+
+    enable_colourful_output()
+
+    ok = check(args.source_dir)
+
+    if ok:
+        print(ansi('Checks passed', 'green'))
+    else:
+        print(ansi('Checks failed', 'red'))
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+ansi_codes = {
+    'reset': '\x1b[0m',
+    'bold': '\x1b[1m',
+    'red': '\x1b[31m',
+    'green': '\x1b[32m',
+}
+def ansi(s, attr):
+    if os.name != 'nt' and sys.stdout.isatty():
+        return ansi_codes[attr] + str(s) + ansi_codes['reset']
+    else:
+        return str(s)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/colorlog.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/colorlog.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26cf748
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/colorlog.py
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+"""Nicer log formatting with colours.
+
+Code copied from Tornado, Apache licensed.
+"""
+# Copyright 2012 Facebook
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
+# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
+# a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
+# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
+# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+import logging
+import sys
+
+try:
+    import curses
+except ImportError:
+    curses = None
+
+def _stderr_supports_color():
+    color = False
+    if curses and hasattr(sys.stderr, 'isatty') and sys.stderr.isatty():
+        try:
+            curses.setupterm()
+            if curses.tigetnum("colors") > 0:
+                color = True
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    return color
+
+class LogFormatter(logging.Formatter):
+    """Log formatter with colour support
+    """
+    DEFAULT_COLORS = {
+        logging.INFO: 2, # Green
+        logging.WARNING: 3, # Yellow
+        logging.ERROR: 1, # Red
+        logging.CRITICAL: 1,
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self, color=True, datefmt=None):
+        r"""
+        :arg bool color: Enables color support.
+        :arg string fmt: Log message format.
+        It will be applied to the attributes dict of log records. The
+        text between ``%(color)s`` and ``%(end_color)s`` will be colored
+        depending on the level if color support is on.
+        :arg dict colors: color mappings from logging level to terminal color
+        code
+        :arg string datefmt: Datetime format.
+        Used for formatting ``(asctime)`` placeholder in ``prefix_fmt``.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+        Added ``fmt`` and ``datefmt`` arguments.
+        """
+        logging.Formatter.__init__(self, datefmt=datefmt)
+        self._colors = {}
+        if color and _stderr_supports_color():
+            # The curses module has some str/bytes confusion in
+            # python3. Until version 3.2.3, most methods return
+            # bytes, but only accept strings. In addition, we want to
+            # output these strings with the logging module, which
+            # works with unicode strings. The explicit calls to
+            # unicode() below are harmless in python2 but will do the
+            # right conversion in python 3.
+            fg_color = (curses.tigetstr("setaf") or
+                        curses.tigetstr("setf") or "")
+            if (3, 0) < sys.version_info < (3, 2, 3):
+                fg_color = str(fg_color, "ascii")
+
+            for levelno, code in self.DEFAULT_COLORS.items():
+                self._colors[levelno] = str(curses.tparm(fg_color, code), "ascii")
+            self._normal = str(curses.tigetstr("sgr0"), "ascii")
+
+            scr = curses.initscr()
+            self.termwidth = scr.getmaxyx()[1]
+            curses.endwin()
+        else:
+            self._normal = ''
+            # Default width is usually 80, but too wide is worse than too narrow
+            self.termwidth = 70
+
+    def formatMessage(self, record):
+        l = len(record.message)
+        right_text = '{initial}-{name}'.format(initial=record.levelname[0],
+                                               name=record.name)
+        if l + len(right_text) < self.termwidth:
+            space = ' ' * (self.termwidth - (l + len(right_text)))
+        else:
+            space = '  '
+
+        if record.levelno in self._colors:
+            start_color = self._colors[record.levelno]
+            end_color = self._normal
+        else:
+            start_color = end_color = ''
+
+        return record.message + space + start_color + right_text + end_color
+
+def enable_colourful_output(level=logging.INFO):
+    handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+    handler.setFormatter(LogFormatter())
+    logging.root.addHandler(handler)
+    logging.root.setLevel(level)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01c66fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"""Handle reading and writing JSON in UTF-8, on Python 3 and 2."""
+import json
+import sys
+
+if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+    # Python 3
+    def write_json(obj, path, **kwargs):
+        with open(path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            json.dump(obj, f, **kwargs)
+
+    def read_json(path):
+        with open(path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            return json.load(f)
+
+else:
+    # Python 2
+    def write_json(obj, path, **kwargs):
+        with open(path, 'wb') as f:
+            json.dump(obj, f, encoding='utf-8', **kwargs)
+
+    def read_json(path):
+        with open(path, 'rb') as f:
+            return json.load(f)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/envbuild.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/envbuild.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c264f46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/envbuild.py
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+"""Build wheels/sdists by installing build deps to a temporary environment.
+"""
+
+import os
+import logging
+from pip._vendor import pytoml
+import shutil
+from subprocess import check_call
+import sys
+from sysconfig import get_paths
+from tempfile import mkdtemp
+
+from .wrappers import Pep517HookCaller
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+def _load_pyproject(source_dir):
+    with open(os.path.join(source_dir, 'pyproject.toml')) as f:
+        pyproject_data = pytoml.load(f)
+    buildsys = pyproject_data['build-system']
+    return buildsys['requires'], buildsys['build-backend']
+
+
+class BuildEnvironment(object):
+    """Context manager to install build deps in a simple temporary environment
+
+    Based on code I wrote for pip, which is MIT licensed.
+    """
+    # Copyright (c) 2008-2016 The pip developers (see AUTHORS.txt file)
+    #
+    # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+    # a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+    # "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+    # without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+    # distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+    # permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+    # the following conditions:
+    #
+    # The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+    # included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+    #
+    # THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+    # EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+    # MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+    # NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+    # LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+    # OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+    # WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+
+    path = None
+
+    def __init__(self, cleanup=True):
+        self._cleanup = cleanup
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.path = mkdtemp(prefix='pep517-build-env-')
+        log.info('Temporary build environment: %s', self.path)
+
+        self.save_path = os.environ.get('PATH', None)
+        self.save_pythonpath = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', None)
+
+        install_scheme = 'nt' if (os.name == 'nt') else 'posix_prefix'
+        install_dirs = get_paths(install_scheme, vars={
+            'base': self.path,
+            'platbase': self.path,
+        })
+
+        scripts = install_dirs['scripts']
+        if self.save_path:
+            os.environ['PATH'] = scripts + os.pathsep + self.save_path
+        else:
+            os.environ['PATH'] = scripts + os.pathsep + os.defpath
+
+        if install_dirs['purelib'] == install_dirs['platlib']:
+            lib_dirs = install_dirs['purelib']
+        else:
+            lib_dirs = install_dirs['purelib'] + os.pathsep + \
+                install_dirs['platlib']
+        if self.save_pythonpath:
+            os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = lib_dirs + os.pathsep + \
+                self.save_pythonpath
+        else:
+            os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = lib_dirs
+
+        return self
+
+    def pip_install(self, reqs):
+        """Install dependencies into this env by calling pip in a subprocess"""
+        if not reqs:
+            return
+        log.info('Calling pip to install %s', reqs)
+        check_call([sys.executable, '-m', 'pip', 'install', '--ignore-installed',
+                    '--prefix', self.path] + list(reqs))
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        if self._cleanup and (self.path is not None) and os.path.isdir(self.path):
+            shutil.rmtree(self.path)
+
+        if self.save_path is None:
+            os.environ.pop('PATH', None)
+        else:
+            os.environ['PATH'] = self.save_path
+
+        if self.save_pythonpath is None:
+            os.environ.pop('PYTHONPATH', None)
+        else:
+            os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = self.save_pythonpath
+
+def build_wheel(source_dir, wheel_dir, config_settings=None):
+    """Build a wheel from a source directory using PEP 517 hooks.
+
+    :param str source_dir: Source directory containing pyproject.toml
+    :param str wheel_dir: Target directory to create wheel in
+    :param dict config_settings: Options to pass to build backend
+
+    This is a blocking function which will run pip in a subprocess to install
+    build requirements.
+    """
+    if config_settings is None:
+        config_settings = {}
+    requires, backend = _load_pyproject(source_dir)
+    hooks = Pep517HookCaller(source_dir, backend)
+
+    with BuildEnvironment() as env:
+        env.pip_install(requires)
+        reqs = hooks.get_requires_for_build_wheel(config_settings)
+        env.pip_install(reqs)
+        return hooks.build_wheel(wheel_dir, config_settings)
+
+
+def build_sdist(source_dir, sdist_dir, config_settings=None):
+    """Build an sdist from a source directory using PEP 517 hooks.
+
+    :param str source_dir: Source directory containing pyproject.toml
+    :param str sdist_dir: Target directory to place sdist in
+    :param dict config_settings: Options to pass to build backend
+
+    This is a blocking function which will run pip in a subprocess to install
+    build requirements.
+    """
+    if config_settings is None:
+        config_settings = {}
+    requires, backend = _load_pyproject(source_dir)
+    hooks = Pep517HookCaller(source_dir, backend)
+
+    with BuildEnvironment() as env:
+        env.pip_install(requires)
+        reqs = hooks.get_requires_for_build_sdist(config_settings)
+        env.pip_install(reqs)
+        return hooks.build_sdist(sdist_dir, config_settings)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/wrappers.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/wrappers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28260f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/wrappers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+import os
+from os.path import dirname, abspath, join as pjoin
+import shutil
+from subprocess import check_call
+import sys
+from tempfile import mkdtemp
+
+from . import compat
+
+_in_proc_script = pjoin(dirname(abspath(__file__)), '_in_process.py')
+
+@contextmanager
+def tempdir():
+    td = mkdtemp()
+    try:
+        yield td
+    finally:
+        shutil.rmtree(td)
+
+class UnsupportedOperation(Exception):
+    """May be raised by build_sdist if the backend indicates that it can't."""
+
+class Pep517HookCaller(object):
+    """A wrapper around a source directory to be built with a PEP 517 backend.
+
+    source_dir : The path to the source directory, containing pyproject.toml.
+    backend : The build backend spec, as per PEP 517, from pyproject.toml.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, source_dir, build_backend):
+        self.source_dir = abspath(source_dir)
+        self.build_backend = build_backend
+
+    def get_requires_for_build_wheel(self, config_settings=None):
+        """Identify packages required for building a wheel
+
+        Returns a list of dependency specifications, e.g.:
+            ["wheel >= 0.25", "setuptools"]
+
+        This does not include requirements specified in pyproject.toml.
+        It returns the result of calling the equivalently named hook in a
+        subprocess.
+        """
+        return self._call_hook('get_requires_for_build_wheel', {
+            'config_settings': config_settings
+        })
+
+    def prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel(self, metadata_directory, config_settings=None):
+        """Prepare a *.dist-info folder with metadata for this project.
+
+        Returns the name of the newly created folder.
+
+        If the build backend defines a hook with this name, it will be called
+        in a subprocess. If not, the backend will be asked to build a wheel,
+        and the dist-info extracted from that.
+        """
+        return self._call_hook('prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel', {
+            'metadata_directory': abspath(metadata_directory),
+            'config_settings': config_settings,
+        })
+
+    def build_wheel(self, wheel_directory, config_settings=None, metadata_directory=None):
+        """Build a wheel from this project.
+
+        Returns the name of the newly created file.
+
+        In general, this will call the 'build_wheel' hook in the backend.
+        However, if that was previously called by
+        'prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel', and the same metadata_directory is
+        used, the previously built wheel will be copied to wheel_directory.
+        """
+        if metadata_directory is not None:
+            metadata_directory = abspath(metadata_directory)
+        return self._call_hook('build_wheel', {
+            'wheel_directory': abspath(wheel_directory),
+            'config_settings': config_settings,
+            'metadata_directory': metadata_directory,
+        })
+
+    def get_requires_for_build_sdist(self, config_settings=None):
+        """Identify packages required for building a wheel
+
+        Returns a list of dependency specifications, e.g.:
+            ["setuptools >= 26"]
+
+        This does not include requirements specified in pyproject.toml.
+        It returns the result of calling the equivalently named hook in a
+        subprocess.
+        """
+        return self._call_hook('get_requires_for_build_sdist', {
+            'config_settings': config_settings
+        })
+
+    def build_sdist(self, sdist_directory, config_settings=None):
+        """Build an sdist from this project.
+
+        Returns the name of the newly created file.
+
+        This calls the 'build_sdist' backend hook in a subprocess.
+        """
+        return self._call_hook('build_sdist', {
+            'sdist_directory': abspath(sdist_directory),
+            'config_settings': config_settings,
+        })
+
+
+    def _call_hook(self, hook_name, kwargs):
+        env = os.environ.copy()
+
+        # On Python 2, pytoml returns Unicode values (which is correct) but the
+        # environment passed to check_call needs to contain string values. We
+        # convert here by encoding using ASCII (the backend can only contain
+        # letters, digits and _, . and : characters, and will be used as a
+        # Python identifier, so non-ASCII content is wrong on Python 2 in
+        # any case).
+        if sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+            build_backend = self.build_backend.encode('ASCII')
+        else:
+            build_backend = self.build_backend
+
+        env['PEP517_BUILD_BACKEND'] = build_backend
+        with tempdir() as td:
+            compat.write_json({'kwargs': kwargs}, pjoin(td, 'input.json'),
+                              indent=2)
+
+            # Run the hook in a subprocess
+            check_call([sys.executable, _in_proc_script, hook_name, td],
+                       cwd=self.source_dir, env=env)
+
+            data = compat.read_json(pjoin(td, 'output.json'))
+            if data.get('unsupported'):
+                raise UnsupportedOperation
+            return data['return_val']
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e845ac7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+Adam Chainz <adam@adamj.eu>
+Adam Wentz <awentz@theonion.com>
+Adrien Morison <adrien.morison@gmail.com>
+Alan Yee <alyee@ucsd.edu>
+Aleks Bunin <github@compuix.com>
+Alex Gaynor <alex.gaynor@gmail.com>
+Alex Grönholm <alex.gronholm@nextday.fi>
+Alex Morega <alex@grep.ro>
+Alex Stachowiak <alexander@computer.org>
+Alexander Shtyrov <rawzausho@gmail.com>
+Alexandre Conrad <alexandre.conrad@gmail.com>
+Alli <alzeih@users.noreply.github.com>
+Anatoly Techtonik <techtonik@gmail.com>
+Andrei Geacar <andrei.geacar@gmail.com>
+Andrew Gaul <andrew@gaul.org>
+Andrey Bulgakov <mail@andreiko.ru>
+Andrés Delfino <34587441+andresdelfino@users.noreply.github.com>
+Andrés Delfino <adelfino@gmail.com>
+Andy Freeland <andy.freeland@redjack.com>
+Andy Kluger <AndydeCleyre@users.noreply.github.com>
+Anish Tambe <anish.tambe@yahoo.in>
+Anrs Hu <anrs@douban.com>
+Anthony Sottile <asottile@umich.edu>
+Antoine Musso <hashar@free.fr>
+Anton Ovchinnikov <revolver112@gmail.com>
+Anton Patrushev <apatrushev@gmail.com>
+Antonio Alvarado Hernandez <tnotstar@gmail.com>
+Antony Lee <anntzer.lee@gmail.com>
+Antti Kaihola <akaihol+github@ambitone.com>
+Anubhav Patel <anubhavp28@gmail.com>
+Anuj Godase <godaseanuj@gmail.com>
+AQNOUCH Mohammed <aqnouch.mohammed@gmail.com>
+AraHaan <seandhunt_7@yahoo.com>
+Arindam Choudhury <arindam@live.com>
+Armin Ronacher <armin.ronacher@active-4.com>
+Ashley Manton <ajd.manton@googlemail.com>
+Atsushi Odagiri <aodagx@gmail.com>
+Avner Cohen <israbirding@gmail.com>
+Baptiste Mispelon <bmispelon@gmail.com>
+Barney Gale <barney.gale@gmail.com>
+barneygale <barney.gale@gmail.com>
+Bartek Ogryczak <b.ogryczak@gmail.com>
+Bastian Venthur <mail@venthur.de>
+Ben Darnell <ben@bendarnell.com>
+Ben Hoyt <benhoyt@gmail.com>
+Ben Rosser <rosser.bjr@gmail.com>
+Bence Nagy <bence@underyx.me>
+Benjamin VanEvery <ben@simondata.com>
+Benoit Pierre <benoit.pierre@gmail.com>
+Berker Peksag <berker.peksag@gmail.com>
+Bernardo B. Marques <bernardo.fire@gmail.com>
+Bernhard M. Wiedemann <bwiedemann@suse.de>
+Bogdan Opanchuk <bogdan@opanchuk.net>
+Brad Erickson <eosrei@gmail.com>
+Bradley Ayers <bradley.ayers@gmail.com>
+Brandon L. Reiss <brandon@damyata.co>
+Brett Randall <javabrett@gmail.com>
+Brian Rosner <brosner@gmail.com>
+BrownTruck <BrownTruck@users.noreply.github.com>
+Bruno Oliveira <nicoddemus@gmail.com>
+Bruno Renié <brutasse@gmail.com>
+Bstrdsmkr <bstrdsmkr@gmail.com>
+Buck Golemon <buck@yelp.com>
+burrows <burrows@preveil.com>
+Bussonnier Matthias <bussonniermatthias@gmail.com>
+c22 <c22@users.noreply.github.com>
+Calvin Smith <eukaryote@users.noreply.github.com>
+Carl Meyer <carl@oddbird.net>
+Carlos Liam <carlos@aarzee.me>
+Carol Willing <carolcode@willingconsulting.com>
+Carter Thayer <carterwthayer@gmail.com>
+Cass <cass.petrus@gmail.com>
+Chandrasekhar Atina <chandu.atina@gmail.com>
+Chris Brinker <chris.brinker@gmail.com>
+Chris Jerdonek <chris.jerdonek@gmail.com>
+Chris McDonough <chrism@plope.com>
+Chris Wolfe <chriswwolfe@gmail.com>
+Christian Heimes <christian@python.org>
+Christian Oudard <christian.oudard@gmail.com>
+Christopher Snyder <cnsnyder@users.noreply.github.com>
+Clark Boylan <clark.boylan@gmail.com>
+Clay McClure <clay@daemons.net>
+Cody <Purring@users.noreply.github.com>
+Cody Soyland <codysoyland@gmail.com>
+Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org>
+Connor Osborn <cdosborn@email.arizona.edu>
+Cooper Lees <me@cooperlees.com>
+Cooper Ry Lees <me@cooperlees.com>
+Cory Benfield <lukasaoz@gmail.com>
+Cory Wright <corywright@gmail.com>
+Craig Kerstiens <craig.kerstiens@gmail.com>
+Cristian Sorinel <cristian.sorinel@gmail.com>
+Curtis Doty <Curtis@GreenKey.net>
+Damian Quiroga <qdamian@gmail.com>
+Dan Black <dyspop@gmail.com>
+Dan Savilonis <djs@n-cube.org>
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+daniel <mcdonaldd@unimelb.edu.au>
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+Danny Hermes <daniel.j.hermes@gmail.com>
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+David Aguilar <davvid@gmail.com>
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+David Caro <david@dcaro.es>
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+Donald Stufft <donald@stufft.io>
+Dongweiming <dongweiming@admaster.com.cn>
+Douglas Thor <dougthor42@users.noreply.github.com>
+DrFeathers <WilliamGeorgeBurgess@gmail.com>
+Dustin Ingram <di@di.codes>
+Dwayne Bailey <dwayne@translate.org.za>
+Ed Morley <501702+edmorley@users.noreply.github.com>
+Ed Morley <emorley@mozilla.com>
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+enoch <lanxenet@gmail.com>
+Eric Gillingham <Gillingham@bikezen.net>
+Eric Hanchrow <eric.hanchrow@gmail.com>
+Eric Hopper <hopper@omnifarious.org>
+Erik M. Bray <embray@stsci.edu>
+Erik Rose <erik@mozilla.com>
+Ernest W Durbin III <ewdurbin@gmail.com>
+Ernest W. Durbin III <ewdurbin@gmail.com>
+Erwin Janssen <erwinjanssen@outlook.com>
+Eugene Vereshchagin <evvers@gmail.com>
+fiber-space <fiber-space@users.noreply.github.com>
+Filip Kokosiński <filip.kokosinski@gmail.com>
+Florian Briand <ownerfrance+github@hotmail.com>
+Francesco <f.guerrieri@gmail.com>
+Francesco Montesano <franz.bergesund@gmail.com>
+Gabriel Curio <g.curio@gmail.com>
+Gabriel de Perthuis <g2p.code@gmail.com>
+Garry Polley <garrympolley@gmail.com>
+gdanielson <graeme.danielson@gmail.com>
+Geoffrey Lehée <geoffrey@lehee.name>
+Geoffrey Sneddon <me@gsnedders.com>
+George Song <george@55minutes.com>
+Georgi Valkov <georgi.t.valkov@gmail.com>
+Giftlin Rajaiah <giftlin.rgn@gmail.com>
+gizmoguy1 <gizmoguy1@gmail.com>
+gkdoc <40815324+gkdoc@users.noreply.github.com>
+GOTO Hayato <3532528+gh640@users.noreply.github.com>
+Guilherme Espada <porcariadagata@gmail.com>
+Guy Rozendorn <guy@rzn.co.il>
+Hari Charan <hcharan997@gmail.com>
+Herbert Pfennig <herbert@albinen.com>
+Hsiaoming Yang <lepture@me.com>
+Hugo <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
+Hugo Lopes Tavares <hltbra@gmail.com>
+hugovk <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
+Hynek Schlawack <hs@ox.cx>
+Ian Bicking <ianb@colorstudy.com>
+Ian Cordasco <graffatcolmingov@gmail.com>
+Ian Lee <IanLee1521@gmail.com>
+Ian Stapleton Cordasco <graffatcolmingov@gmail.com>
+Ian Wienand <ian@wienand.org>
+Ian Wienand <iwienand@redhat.com>
+Igor Kuzmitshov <kuzmiigo@gmail.com>
+Igor Sobreira <igor@igorsobreira.com>
+Ilya Baryshev <baryshev@gmail.com>
+INADA Naoki <songofacandy@gmail.com>
+Ionel Cristian Mărieș <contact@ionelmc.ro>
+Ionel Maries Cristian <ionel.mc@gmail.com>
+Jakub Stasiak <kuba.stasiak@gmail.com>
+Jakub Vysoky <jakub@borka.cz>
+Jakub Wilk <jwilk@jwilk.net>
+James Cleveland <jamescleveland@gmail.com>
+James Cleveland <radiosilence@users.noreply.github.com>
+James Firth <hello@james-firth.com>
+James Polley <jp@jamezpolley.com>
+Jan Pokorný <jpokorny@redhat.com>
+Jannis Leidel <jannis@leidel.info>
+jarondl <me@jarondl.net>
+Jason R. Coombs <jaraco@jaraco.com>
+Jay Graves <jay@skabber.com>
+Jean-Christophe Fillion-Robin <jchris.fillionr@kitware.com>
+Jeff Barber <jbarber@computer.org>
+Jeff Dairiki <dairiki@dairiki.org>
+Jeremy Stanley <fungi@yuggoth.org>
+Jeremy Zafran <jzafran@users.noreply.github.com>
+Jim Garrison <jim@garrison.cc>
+Jivan Amara <Development@JivanAmara.net>
+John-Scott Atlakson <john.scott.atlakson@gmail.com>
+Jon Banafato <jon@jonafato.com>
+Jon Dufresne <jon.dufresne@gmail.com>
+Jon Parise <jon@indelible.org>
+Jon Wayne Parrott <jjramone13@gmail.com>
+Jonas Nockert <jonasnockert@gmail.com>
+Jonathan Herbert <foohyfooh@gmail.com>
+Joost Molenaar <j.j.molenaar@gmail.com>
+Jorge Niedbalski <niedbalski@gmail.com>
+Joseph Long <jdl@fastmail.fm>
+Josh Bronson <jabronson@gmail.com>
+Josh Hansen <josh@skwash.net>
+Josh Schneier <josh.schneier@gmail.com>
+Julien Demoor <julien@jdemoor.com>
+jwg4 <jack.grahl@yahoo.co.uk>
+Jyrki Pulliainen <jyrki@spotify.com>
+Kamal Bin Mustafa <kamal@smach.net>
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+keanemind <keanemind@gmail.com>
+Kelsey Hightower <kelsey.hightower@gmail.com>
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+Kenneth Reitz <me@kennethreitz.com>
+Kenneth Reitz <me@kennethreitz.org>
+Kevin Burke <kev@inburke.com>
+Kevin Carter <kevin.carter@rackspace.com>
+Kevin Frommelt <kevin.frommelt@webfilings.com>
+Kexuan Sun <me@kianasun.com>
+Kit Randel <kit@nocturne.net.nz>
+kpinc <kop@meme.com>
+Kumar McMillan <kumar.mcmillan@gmail.com>
+Kyle Persohn <kyle.persohn@gmail.com>
+Laurent Bristiel <laurent@bristiel.com>
+Laurie Opperman <laurie@sitesee.com.au>
+Leon Sasson <leonsassonha@gmail.com>
+Lev Givon <lev@columbia.edu>
+Lincoln de Sousa <lincoln@comum.org>
+Lipis <lipiridis@gmail.com>
+Loren Carvalho <lcarvalho@linkedin.com>
+Lucas Cimon <lucas.cimon@gmail.com>
+Ludovic Gasc <gmludo@gmail.com>
+Luke Macken <lmacken@redhat.com>
+Luo Jiebin <luo.jiebin@qq.com>
+luojiebin <luojiebin@users.noreply.github.com>
+luz.paz <luzpaz@users.noreply.github.com>
+Marc Abramowitz <marc@marc-abramowitz.com>
+Marc Tamlyn <marc.tamlyn@gmail.com>
+Marcus Smith <qwcode@gmail.com>
+Mariatta <Mariatta@users.noreply.github.com>
+Mark Kohler <mark.kohler@proteinsimple.com>
+Markus Hametner <fin+github@xbhd.org>
+Masklinn <bitbucket.org@masklinn.net>
+Matej Stuchlik <mstuchli@redhat.com>
+Mathew Jennings <mjennings@foursquare.com>
+Mathieu Bridon <bochecha@daitauha.fr>
+Matt Good <matt@matt-good.net>
+Matt Maker <trip@monstro.us>
+Matt Robenolt <matt@ydekproductions.com>
+matthew <matthew@trumbell.net>
+Matthew Einhorn <moiein2000@gmail.com>
+Matthew Gilliard <matthew.gilliard@gmail.com>
+Matthew Iversen <teh.ivo@gmail.com>
+Matthew Trumbell <matthew@thirdstonepartners.com>
+Matthew Willson <matthew@swiftkey.com>
+Matthias Bussonnier <bussonniermatthias@gmail.com>
+mattip <matti.picus@gmail.com>
+Maxim Kurnikov <maxim.kurnikov@gmail.com>
+Maxime Rouyrre <rouyrre+git@gmail.com>
+memoselyk <memoselyk@gmail.com>
+Michael <michael-k@users.noreply.github.com>
+Michael Aquilina <michaelaquilina@gmail.com>
+Michael E. Karpeles <michael.karpeles@gmail.com>
+Michael Klich <michal@michalklich.com>
+Michael Williamson <mike@zwobble.org>
+michaelpacer <michaelpacer@gmail.com>
+Mickaël Schoentgen <mschoentgen@nuxeo.com>
+Miguel Araujo Perez <miguel.araujo.perez@gmail.com>
+Mihir Singh <git.service@mihirsingh.com>
+Min RK <benjaminrk@gmail.com>
+MinRK <benjaminrk@gmail.com>
+Miro Hrončok <miro@hroncok.cz>
+montefra <franz.bergesund@gmail.com>
+Monty Taylor <mordred@inaugust.com>
+Nate Coraor <nate@bx.psu.edu>
+Nathaniel J. Smith <njs@pobox.com>
+Nehal J Wani <nehaljw.kkd1@gmail.com>
+Nick Coghlan <ncoghlan@gmail.com>
+Nick Stenning <nick@whiteink.com>
+Nikhil Benesch <nikhil.benesch@gmail.com>
+Nitesh Sharma <nbsharma@outlook.com>
+Nowell Strite <nowell@strite.org>
+nvdv <modestdev@gmail.com>
+Ofekmeister <ofekmeister@gmail.com>
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+Oliver Tonnhofer <olt@bogosoft.com>
+Olivier Girardot <ssaboum@gmail.com>
+Olivier Grisel <olivier.grisel@ensta.org>
+Ollie Rutherfurd <orutherfurd@gmail.com>
+OMOTO Kenji <k-omoto@m3.com>
+Oren Held <orenhe@il.ibm.com>
+Oscar Benjamin <oscar.j.benjamin@gmail.com>
+Oz N Tiram <oz.tiram@gmail.com>
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+Patrick Jenkins <patrick@socialgrowthtechnologies.com>
+Patrick Lawson <pl@foursquare.com>
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+Phaneendra Chiruvella <hi@pcx.io>
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+Thomas Guettler <tguettler@tbz-pariv.de>
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+Thomas Kluyver <thomas@kluyver.me.uk>
+Thomas Smith <smithtg@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov>
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+tim smith <github@tim-smith.us>
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+Tom V <tom@viner.tv>
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+Toshio Kuratomi <toshio@fedoraproject.org>
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+xoviat <xoviat@users.noreply.github.com>
+YAMAMOTO Takashi <yamamoto@midokura.com>
+Yen Chi Hsuan <yan12125@gmail.com>
+Yoval P <yoval@gmx.com>
+Yu Jian <askingyj@gmail.com>
+Zearin <zearin@gonk.net>
+Zearin <Zearin@users.noreply.github.com>
+Zhiping Deng <kofreestyler@gmail.com>
+Zvezdan Petkovic <zpetkovic@acm.org>
+Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
+Семён Марьясин <simeon@maryasin.name>
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/LICENSE.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3379fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Copyright (c) 2008-2018 The pip developers (see AUTHORS.txt file)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf6c930
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: pkg_resources
+Version: 0.0.0
+Summary: UNKNOWN
+Home-page: UNKNOWN
+Author: UNKNOWN
+Author-email: UNKNOWN
+License: UNKNOWN
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+
+UNKNOWN
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7938414
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.txt,sha256=Pu4WdZapZ2U2wKwWxd830ZxnROCHwmV_TpWoL9dqJ-M,15880
+pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/LICENSE.txt,sha256=ORqHhOMZ2uVDFHfUzJvFBPxdcf2eieHIDxzThV9dfPo,1090
+pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=V9_WPOtD1FnuKrTGv6Ique7kAOn2lasvT8W0_iMCCCk,177
+pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=_wJFdOYk7i3xxT8ElOkUJvOdOvfNGbR9g-bf6UQT6sU,110
+pkg_resources/__init__.py,sha256=dBxLHQMU0U5ebfsfyq-bhf1TtXXNI1YIEA30mLVthjA,106677
+pkg_resources/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/__pycache__/py31compat.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+pkg_resources/_vendor/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/__pycache__/appdirs.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/__pycache__/pyparsing.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/__pycache__/six.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/appdirs.py,sha256=MievUEuv3l_mQISH5SF0shDk_BNhHHzYiAPrT3ITN4I,24701
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py,sha256=zkcCPTN_6TcLW0Nrlg0176-R1QQ_WVPTm8sz1R4-HjM,720
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py,sha256=_vNac5TrzwsrzbOFIbF-5cHqc_Y2aPT2D7zrIR06BOo,513
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/__about__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/_compat.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/_structures.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/markers.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/requirements.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/specifiers.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/utils.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/version.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_compat.py,sha256=Vi_A0rAQeHbU-a9X0tt1yQm9RqkgQbDSxzRw8WlU9kA,860
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py,sha256=RImECJ4c_wTlaTYYwZYLHEiebDMaAJmK1oPARhw1T5o,1416
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/markers.py,sha256=uEcBBtGvzqltgnArqb9c4RrcInXezDLos14zbBHhWJo,8248
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py,sha256=SikL2UynbsT0qtY9ltqngndha_sfo0w6XGFhAhoSoaQ,4355
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py,sha256=SAMRerzO3fK2IkFZCaZkuwZaL_EGqHNOz4pni4vhnN0,28025
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/utils.py,sha256=3m6WvPm6NNxE8rkTGmn0r75B_GZSGg7ikafxHsBN1WA,421
+pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/version.py,sha256=OwGnxYfr2ghNzYx59qWIBkrK3SnB6n-Zfd1XaLpnnM0,11556
+pkg_resources/_vendor/pyparsing.py,sha256=tmrp-lu-qO1i75ZzIN5A12nKRRD1Cm4Vpk-5LR9rims,232055
+pkg_resources/_vendor/six.py,sha256=A6hdJZVjI3t_geebZ9BzUvwRrIXo0lfwzQlM2LcKyas,30098
+pkg_resources/extern/__init__.py,sha256=cHiEfHuLmm6rs5Ve_ztBfMI7Lr31vss-D4wkqF5xzlI,2498
+pkg_resources/extern/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+pkg_resources/py31compat.py,sha256=-WQ0e4c3RG_acdhwC3gLiXhP_lg4G5q7XYkZkQg0gxU,558
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4bde30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources-0.0.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.32.3)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dcfa1d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3236 @@
+# coding: utf-8
+"""
+Package resource API
+--------------------
+
+A resource is a logical file contained within a package, or a logical
+subdirectory thereof.  The package resource API expects resource names
+to have their path parts separated with ``/``, *not* whatever the local
+path separator is.  Do not use os.path operations to manipulate resource
+names being passed into the API.
+
+The package resource API is designed to work with normal filesystem packages,
+.egg files, and unpacked .egg files.  It can also work in a limited way with
+.zip files and with custom PEP 302 loaders that support the ``get_data()``
+method.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import sys
+import os
+import io
+import time
+import re
+import types
+import zipfile
+import zipimport
+import warnings
+import stat
+import functools
+import pkgutil
+import operator
+import platform
+import collections
+import plistlib
+import email.parser
+import errno
+import tempfile
+import textwrap
+import itertools
+import inspect
+import ntpath
+import posixpath
+from pkgutil import get_importer
+
+try:
+    import _imp
+except ImportError:
+    # Python 3.2 compatibility
+    import imp as _imp
+
+try:
+    FileExistsError
+except NameError:
+    FileExistsError = OSError
+
+from pkg_resources.extern import six
+from pkg_resources.extern.six.moves import urllib, map, filter
+
+# capture these to bypass sandboxing
+from os import utime
+try:
+    from os import mkdir, rename, unlink
+    WRITE_SUPPORT = True
+except ImportError:
+    # no write support, probably under GAE
+    WRITE_SUPPORT = False
+
+from os import open as os_open
+from os.path import isdir, split
+
+try:
+    import importlib.machinery as importlib_machinery
+    # access attribute to force import under delayed import mechanisms.
+    importlib_machinery.__name__
+except ImportError:
+    importlib_machinery = None
+
+from . import py31compat
+from pkg_resources.extern import appdirs
+from pkg_resources.extern import packaging
+__import__('pkg_resources.extern.packaging.version')
+__import__('pkg_resources.extern.packaging.specifiers')
+__import__('pkg_resources.extern.packaging.requirements')
+__import__('pkg_resources.extern.packaging.markers')
+
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+
+if (3, 0) < sys.version_info < (3, 4):
+    raise RuntimeError("Python 3.4 or later is required")
+
+if six.PY2:
+    # Those builtin exceptions are only defined in Python 3
+    PermissionError = None
+    NotADirectoryError = None
+
+# declare some globals that will be defined later to
+# satisfy the linters.
+require = None
+working_set = None
+add_activation_listener = None
+resources_stream = None
+cleanup_resources = None
+resource_dir = None
+resource_stream = None
+set_extraction_path = None
+resource_isdir = None
+resource_string = None
+iter_entry_points = None
+resource_listdir = None
+resource_filename = None
+resource_exists = None
+_distribution_finders = None
+_namespace_handlers = None
+_namespace_packages = None
+
+
+class PEP440Warning(RuntimeWarning):
+    """
+    Used when there is an issue with a version or specifier not complying with
+    PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+def parse_version(v):
+    try:
+        return packaging.version.Version(v)
+    except packaging.version.InvalidVersion:
+        return packaging.version.LegacyVersion(v)
+
+
+_state_vars = {}
+
+
+def _declare_state(vartype, **kw):
+    globals().update(kw)
+    _state_vars.update(dict.fromkeys(kw, vartype))
+
+
+def __getstate__():
+    state = {}
+    g = globals()
+    for k, v in _state_vars.items():
+        state[k] = g['_sget_' + v](g[k])
+    return state
+
+
+def __setstate__(state):
+    g = globals()
+    for k, v in state.items():
+        g['_sset_' + _state_vars[k]](k, g[k], v)
+    return state
+
+
+def _sget_dict(val):
+    return val.copy()
+
+
+def _sset_dict(key, ob, state):
+    ob.clear()
+    ob.update(state)
+
+
+def _sget_object(val):
+    return val.__getstate__()
+
+
+def _sset_object(key, ob, state):
+    ob.__setstate__(state)
+
+
+_sget_none = _sset_none = lambda *args: None
+
+
+def get_supported_platform():
+    """Return this platform's maximum compatible version.
+
+    distutils.util.get_platform() normally reports the minimum version
+    of Mac OS X that would be required to *use* extensions produced by
+    distutils.  But what we want when checking compatibility is to know the
+    version of Mac OS X that we are *running*.  To allow usage of packages that
+    explicitly require a newer version of Mac OS X, we must also know the
+    current version of the OS.
+
+    If this condition occurs for any other platform with a version in its
+    platform strings, this function should be extended accordingly.
+    """
+    plat = get_build_platform()
+    m = macosVersionString.match(plat)
+    if m is not None and sys.platform == "darwin":
+        try:
+            plat = 'macosx-%s-%s' % ('.'.join(_macosx_vers()[:2]), m.group(3))
+        except ValueError:
+            # not Mac OS X
+            pass
+    return plat
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    # Basic resource access and distribution/entry point discovery
+    'require', 'run_script', 'get_provider', 'get_distribution',
+    'load_entry_point', 'get_entry_map', 'get_entry_info',
+    'iter_entry_points',
+    'resource_string', 'resource_stream', 'resource_filename',
+    'resource_listdir', 'resource_exists', 'resource_isdir',
+
+    # Environmental control
+    'declare_namespace', 'working_set', 'add_activation_listener',
+    'find_distributions', 'set_extraction_path', 'cleanup_resources',
+    'get_default_cache',
+
+    # Primary implementation classes
+    'Environment', 'WorkingSet', 'ResourceManager',
+    'Distribution', 'Requirement', 'EntryPoint',
+
+    # Exceptions
+    'ResolutionError', 'VersionConflict', 'DistributionNotFound',
+    'UnknownExtra', 'ExtractionError',
+
+    # Warnings
+    'PEP440Warning',
+
+    # Parsing functions and string utilities
+    'parse_requirements', 'parse_version', 'safe_name', 'safe_version',
+    'get_platform', 'compatible_platforms', 'yield_lines', 'split_sections',
+    'safe_extra', 'to_filename', 'invalid_marker', 'evaluate_marker',
+
+    # filesystem utilities
+    'ensure_directory', 'normalize_path',
+
+    # Distribution "precedence" constants
+    'EGG_DIST', 'BINARY_DIST', 'SOURCE_DIST', 'CHECKOUT_DIST', 'DEVELOP_DIST',
+
+    # "Provider" interfaces, implementations, and registration/lookup APIs
+    'IMetadataProvider', 'IResourceProvider', 'FileMetadata',
+    'PathMetadata', 'EggMetadata', 'EmptyProvider', 'empty_provider',
+    'NullProvider', 'EggProvider', 'DefaultProvider', 'ZipProvider',
+    'register_finder', 'register_namespace_handler', 'register_loader_type',
+    'fixup_namespace_packages', 'get_importer',
+
+    # Warnings
+    'PkgResourcesDeprecationWarning',
+
+    # Deprecated/backward compatibility only
+    'run_main', 'AvailableDistributions',
+]
+
+
+class ResolutionError(Exception):
+    """Abstract base for dependency resolution errors"""
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + repr(self.args)
+
+
+class VersionConflict(ResolutionError):
+    """
+    An already-installed version conflicts with the requested version.
+
+    Should be initialized with the installed Distribution and the requested
+    Requirement.
+    """
+
+    _template = "{self.dist} is installed but {self.req} is required"
+
+    @property
+    def dist(self):
+        return self.args[0]
+
+    @property
+    def req(self):
+        return self.args[1]
+
+    def report(self):
+        return self._template.format(**locals())
+
+    def with_context(self, required_by):
+        """
+        If required_by is non-empty, return a version of self that is a
+        ContextualVersionConflict.
+        """
+        if not required_by:
+            return self
+        args = self.args + (required_by,)
+        return ContextualVersionConflict(*args)
+
+
+class ContextualVersionConflict(VersionConflict):
+    """
+    A VersionConflict that accepts a third parameter, the set of the
+    requirements that required the installed Distribution.
+    """
+
+    _template = VersionConflict._template + ' by {self.required_by}'
+
+    @property
+    def required_by(self):
+        return self.args[2]
+
+
+class DistributionNotFound(ResolutionError):
+    """A requested distribution was not found"""
+
+    _template = ("The '{self.req}' distribution was not found "
+                 "and is required by {self.requirers_str}")
+
+    @property
+    def req(self):
+        return self.args[0]
+
+    @property
+    def requirers(self):
+        return self.args[1]
+
+    @property
+    def requirers_str(self):
+        if not self.requirers:
+            return 'the application'
+        return ', '.join(self.requirers)
+
+    def report(self):
+        return self._template.format(**locals())
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.report()
+
+
+class UnknownExtra(ResolutionError):
+    """Distribution doesn't have an "extra feature" of the given name"""
+
+
+_provider_factories = {}
+
+PY_MAJOR = sys.version[:3]
+EGG_DIST = 3
+BINARY_DIST = 2
+SOURCE_DIST = 1
+CHECKOUT_DIST = 0
+DEVELOP_DIST = -1
+
+
+def register_loader_type(loader_type, provider_factory):
+    """Register `provider_factory` to make providers for `loader_type`
+
+    `loader_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 ``module.__loader__``,
+    and `provider_factory` is a function that, passed a *module* object,
+    returns an ``IResourceProvider`` for that module.
+    """
+    _provider_factories[loader_type] = provider_factory
+
+
+def get_provider(moduleOrReq):
+    """Return an IResourceProvider for the named module or requirement"""
+    if isinstance(moduleOrReq, Requirement):
+        return working_set.find(moduleOrReq) or require(str(moduleOrReq))[0]
+    try:
+        module = sys.modules[moduleOrReq]
+    except KeyError:
+        __import__(moduleOrReq)
+        module = sys.modules[moduleOrReq]
+    loader = getattr(module, '__loader__', None)
+    return _find_adapter(_provider_factories, loader)(module)
+
+
+def _macosx_vers(_cache=[]):
+    if not _cache:
+        version = platform.mac_ver()[0]
+        # fallback for MacPorts
+        if version == '':
+            plist = '/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist'
+            if os.path.exists(plist):
+                if hasattr(plistlib, 'readPlist'):
+                    plist_content = plistlib.readPlist(plist)
+                    if 'ProductVersion' in plist_content:
+                        version = plist_content['ProductVersion']
+
+        _cache.append(version.split('.'))
+    return _cache[0]
+
+
+def _macosx_arch(machine):
+    return {'PowerPC': 'ppc', 'Power_Macintosh': 'ppc'}.get(machine, machine)
+
+
+def get_build_platform():
+    """Return this platform's string for platform-specific distributions
+
+    XXX Currently this is the same as ``distutils.util.get_platform()``, but it
+    needs some hacks for Linux and Mac OS X.
+    """
+    from sysconfig import get_platform
+
+    plat = get_platform()
+    if sys.platform == "darwin" and not plat.startswith('macosx-'):
+        try:
+            version = _macosx_vers()
+            machine = os.uname()[4].replace(" ", "_")
+            return "macosx-%d.%d-%s" % (
+                int(version[0]), int(version[1]),
+                _macosx_arch(machine),
+            )
+        except ValueError:
+            # if someone is running a non-Mac darwin system, this will fall
+            # through to the default implementation
+            pass
+    return plat
+
+
+macosVersionString = re.compile(r"macosx-(\d+)\.(\d+)-(.*)")
+darwinVersionString = re.compile(r"darwin-(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)-(.*)")
+# XXX backward compat
+get_platform = get_build_platform
+
+
+def compatible_platforms(provided, required):
+    """Can code for the `provided` platform run on the `required` platform?
+
+    Returns true if either platform is ``None``, or the platforms are equal.
+
+    XXX Needs compatibility checks for Linux and other unixy OSes.
+    """
+    if provided is None or required is None or provided == required:
+        # easy case
+        return True
+
+    # Mac OS X special cases
+    reqMac = macosVersionString.match(required)
+    if reqMac:
+        provMac = macosVersionString.match(provided)
+
+        # is this a Mac package?
+        if not provMac:
+            # this is backwards compatibility for packages built before
+            # setuptools 0.6. All packages built after this point will
+            # use the new macosx designation.
+            provDarwin = darwinVersionString.match(provided)
+            if provDarwin:
+                dversion = int(provDarwin.group(1))
+                macosversion = "%s.%s" % (reqMac.group(1), reqMac.group(2))
+                if dversion == 7 and macosversion >= "10.3" or \
+                        dversion == 8 and macosversion >= "10.4":
+                    return True
+            # egg isn't macosx or legacy darwin
+            return False
+
+        # are they the same major version and machine type?
+        if provMac.group(1) != reqMac.group(1) or \
+                provMac.group(3) != reqMac.group(3):
+            return False
+
+        # is the required OS major update >= the provided one?
+        if int(provMac.group(2)) > int(reqMac.group(2)):
+            return False
+
+        return True
+
+    # XXX Linux and other platforms' special cases should go here
+    return False
+
+
+def run_script(dist_spec, script_name):
+    """Locate distribution `dist_spec` and run its `script_name` script"""
+    ns = sys._getframe(1).f_globals
+    name = ns['__name__']
+    ns.clear()
+    ns['__name__'] = name
+    require(dist_spec)[0].run_script(script_name, ns)
+
+
+# backward compatibility
+run_main = run_script
+
+
+def get_distribution(dist):
+    """Return a current distribution object for a Requirement or string"""
+    if isinstance(dist, six.string_types):
+        dist = Requirement.parse(dist)
+    if isinstance(dist, Requirement):
+        dist = get_provider(dist)
+    if not isinstance(dist, Distribution):
+        raise TypeError("Expected string, Requirement, or Distribution", dist)
+    return dist
+
+
+def load_entry_point(dist, group, name):
+    """Return `name` entry point of `group` for `dist` or raise ImportError"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
+
+
+def get_entry_map(dist, group=None):
+    """Return the entry point map for `group`, or the full entry map"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).get_entry_map(group)
+
+
+def get_entry_info(dist, group, name):
+    """Return the EntryPoint object for `group`+`name`, or ``None``"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).get_entry_info(group, name)
+
+
+class IMetadataProvider:
+    def has_metadata(name):
+        """Does the package's distribution contain the named metadata?"""
+
+    def get_metadata(name):
+        """The named metadata resource as a string"""
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(name):
+        """Yield named metadata resource as list of non-blank non-comment lines
+
+       Leading and trailing whitespace is stripped from each line, and lines
+       with ``#`` as the first non-blank character are omitted."""
+
+    def metadata_isdir(name):
+        """Is the named metadata a directory?  (like ``os.path.isdir()``)"""
+
+    def metadata_listdir(name):
+        """List of metadata names in the directory (like ``os.listdir()``)"""
+
+    def run_script(script_name, namespace):
+        """Execute the named script in the supplied namespace dictionary"""
+
+
+class IResourceProvider(IMetadataProvider):
+    """An object that provides access to package resources"""
+
+    def get_resource_filename(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a true filesystem path for `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def get_resource_stream(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a readable file-like object for `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def get_resource_string(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a string containing the contents of `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def has_resource(resource_name):
+        """Does the package contain the named resource?"""
+
+    def resource_isdir(resource_name):
+        """Is the named resource a directory?  (like ``os.path.isdir()``)"""
+
+    def resource_listdir(resource_name):
+        """List of resource names in the directory (like ``os.listdir()``)"""
+
+
+class WorkingSet:
+    """A collection of active distributions on sys.path (or a similar list)"""
+
+    def __init__(self, entries=None):
+        """Create working set from list of path entries (default=sys.path)"""
+        self.entries = []
+        self.entry_keys = {}
+        self.by_key = {}
+        self.callbacks = []
+
+        if entries is None:
+            entries = sys.path
+
+        for entry in entries:
+            self.add_entry(entry)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_master(cls):
+        """
+        Prepare the master working set.
+        """
+        ws = cls()
+        try:
+            from __main__ import __requires__
+        except ImportError:
+            # The main program does not list any requirements
+            return ws
+
+        # ensure the requirements are met
+        try:
+            ws.require(__requires__)
+        except VersionConflict:
+            return cls._build_from_requirements(__requires__)
+
+        return ws
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_from_requirements(cls, req_spec):
+        """
+        Build a working set from a requirement spec. Rewrites sys.path.
+        """
+        # try it without defaults already on sys.path
+        # by starting with an empty path
+        ws = cls([])
+        reqs = parse_requirements(req_spec)
+        dists = ws.resolve(reqs, Environment())
+        for dist in dists:
+            ws.add(dist)
+
+        # add any missing entries from sys.path
+        for entry in sys.path:
+            if entry not in ws.entries:
+                ws.add_entry(entry)
+
+        # then copy back to sys.path
+        sys.path[:] = ws.entries
+        return ws
+
+    def add_entry(self, entry):
+        """Add a path item to ``.entries``, finding any distributions on it
+
+        ``find_distributions(entry, True)`` is used to find distributions
+        corresponding to the path entry, and they are added.  `entry` is
+        always appended to ``.entries``, even if it is already present.
+        (This is because ``sys.path`` can contain the same value more than
+        once, and the ``.entries`` of the ``sys.path`` WorkingSet should always
+        equal ``sys.path``.)
+        """
+        self.entry_keys.setdefault(entry, [])
+        self.entries.append(entry)
+        for dist in find_distributions(entry, True):
+            self.add(dist, entry, False)
+
+    def __contains__(self, dist):
+        """True if `dist` is the active distribution for its project"""
+        return self.by_key.get(dist.key) == dist
+
+    def find(self, req):
+        """Find a distribution matching requirement `req`
+
+        If there is an active distribution for the requested project, this
+        returns it as long as it meets the version requirement specified by
+        `req`.  But, if there is an active distribution for the project and it
+        does *not* meet the `req` requirement, ``VersionConflict`` is raised.
+        If there is no active distribution for the requested project, ``None``
+        is returned.
+        """
+        dist = self.by_key.get(req.key)
+        if dist is not None and dist not in req:
+            # XXX add more info
+            raise VersionConflict(dist, req)
+        return dist
+
+    def iter_entry_points(self, group, name=None):
+        """Yield entry point objects from `group` matching `name`
+
+        If `name` is None, yields all entry points in `group` from all
+        distributions in the working set, otherwise only ones matching
+        both `group` and `name` are yielded (in distribution order).
+        """
+        return (
+            entry
+            for dist in self
+            for entry in dist.get_entry_map(group).values()
+            if name is None or name == entry.name
+        )
+
+    def run_script(self, requires, script_name):
+        """Locate distribution for `requires` and run `script_name` script"""
+        ns = sys._getframe(1).f_globals
+        name = ns['__name__']
+        ns.clear()
+        ns['__name__'] = name
+        self.require(requires)[0].run_script(script_name, ns)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Yield distributions for non-duplicate projects in the working set
+
+        The yield order is the order in which the items' path entries were
+        added to the working set.
+        """
+        seen = {}
+        for item in self.entries:
+            if item not in self.entry_keys:
+                # workaround a cache issue
+                continue
+
+            for key in self.entry_keys[item]:
+                if key not in seen:
+                    seen[key] = 1
+                    yield self.by_key[key]
+
+    def add(self, dist, entry=None, insert=True, replace=False):
+        """Add `dist` to working set, associated with `entry`
+
+        If `entry` is unspecified, it defaults to the ``.location`` of `dist`.
+        On exit from this routine, `entry` is added to the end of the working
+        set's ``.entries`` (if it wasn't already present).
+
+        `dist` is only added to the working set if it's for a project that
+        doesn't already have a distribution in the set, unless `replace=True`.
+        If it's added, any callbacks registered with the ``subscribe()`` method
+        will be called.
+        """
+        if insert:
+            dist.insert_on(self.entries, entry, replace=replace)
+
+        if entry is None:
+            entry = dist.location
+        keys = self.entry_keys.setdefault(entry, [])
+        keys2 = self.entry_keys.setdefault(dist.location, [])
+        if not replace and dist.key in self.by_key:
+            # ignore hidden distros
+            return
+
+        self.by_key[dist.key] = dist
+        if dist.key not in keys:
+            keys.append(dist.key)
+        if dist.key not in keys2:
+            keys2.append(dist.key)
+        self._added_new(dist)
+
+    def resolve(self, requirements, env=None, installer=None,
+                replace_conflicting=False, extras=None):
+        """List all distributions needed to (recursively) meet `requirements`
+
+        `requirements` must be a sequence of ``Requirement`` objects.  `env`,
+        if supplied, should be an ``Environment`` instance.  If
+        not supplied, it defaults to all distributions available within any
+        entry or distribution in the working set.  `installer`, if supplied,
+        will be invoked with each requirement that cannot be met by an
+        already-installed distribution; it should return a ``Distribution`` or
+        ``None``.
+
+        Unless `replace_conflicting=True`, raises a VersionConflict exception
+        if
+        any requirements are found on the path that have the correct name but
+        the wrong version.  Otherwise, if an `installer` is supplied it will be
+        invoked to obtain the correct version of the requirement and activate
+        it.
+
+        `extras` is a list of the extras to be used with these requirements.
+        This is important because extra requirements may look like `my_req;
+        extra = "my_extra"`, which would otherwise be interpreted as a purely
+        optional requirement.  Instead, we want to be able to assert that these
+        requirements are truly required.
+        """
+
+        # set up the stack
+        requirements = list(requirements)[::-1]
+        # set of processed requirements
+        processed = {}
+        # key -> dist
+        best = {}
+        to_activate = []
+
+        req_extras = _ReqExtras()
+
+        # Mapping of requirement to set of distributions that required it;
+        # useful for reporting info about conflicts.
+        required_by = collections.defaultdict(set)
+
+        while requirements:
+            # process dependencies breadth-first
+            req = requirements.pop(0)
+            if req in processed:
+                # Ignore cyclic or redundant dependencies
+                continue
+
+            if not req_extras.markers_pass(req, extras):
+                continue
+
+            dist = best.get(req.key)
+            if dist is None:
+                # Find the best distribution and add it to the map
+                dist = self.by_key.get(req.key)
+                if dist is None or (dist not in req and replace_conflicting):
+                    ws = self
+                    if env is None:
+                        if dist is None:
+                            env = Environment(self.entries)
+                        else:
+                            # Use an empty environment and workingset to avoid
+                            # any further conflicts with the conflicting
+                            # distribution
+                            env = Environment([])
+                            ws = WorkingSet([])
+                    dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(
+                        req, ws, installer,
+                        replace_conflicting=replace_conflicting
+                    )
+                    if dist is None:
+                        requirers = required_by.get(req, None)
+                        raise DistributionNotFound(req, requirers)
+                to_activate.append(dist)
+            if dist not in req:
+                # Oops, the "best" so far conflicts with a dependency
+                dependent_req = required_by[req]
+                raise VersionConflict(dist, req).with_context(dependent_req)
+
+            # push the new requirements onto the stack
+            new_requirements = dist.requires(req.extras)[::-1]
+            requirements.extend(new_requirements)
+
+            # Register the new requirements needed by req
+            for new_requirement in new_requirements:
+                required_by[new_requirement].add(req.project_name)
+                req_extras[new_requirement] = req.extras
+
+            processed[req] = True
+
+        # return list of distros to activate
+        return to_activate
+
+    def find_plugins(
+            self, plugin_env, full_env=None, installer=None, fallback=True):
+        """Find all activatable distributions in `plugin_env`
+
+        Example usage::
+
+            distributions, errors = working_set.find_plugins(
+                Environment(plugin_dirlist)
+            )
+            # add plugins+libs to sys.path
+            map(working_set.add, distributions)
+            # display errors
+            print('Could not load', errors)
+
+        The `plugin_env` should be an ``Environment`` instance that contains
+        only distributions that are in the project's "plugin directory" or
+        directories. The `full_env`, if supplied, should be an ``Environment``
+        contains all currently-available distributions.  If `full_env` is not
+        supplied, one is created automatically from the ``WorkingSet`` this
+        method is called on, which will typically mean that every directory on
+        ``sys.path`` will be scanned for distributions.
+
+        `installer` is a standard installer callback as used by the
+        ``resolve()`` method. The `fallback` flag indicates whether we should
+        attempt to resolve older versions of a plugin if the newest version
+        cannot be resolved.
+
+        This method returns a 2-tuple: (`distributions`, `error_info`), where
+        `distributions` is a list of the distributions found in `plugin_env`
+        that were loadable, along with any other distributions that are needed
+        to resolve their dependencies.  `error_info` is a dictionary mapping
+        unloadable plugin distributions to an exception instance describing the
+        error that occurred. Usually this will be a ``DistributionNotFound`` or
+        ``VersionConflict`` instance.
+        """
+
+        plugin_projects = list(plugin_env)
+        # scan project names in alphabetic order
+        plugin_projects.sort()
+
+        error_info = {}
+        distributions = {}
+
+        if full_env is None:
+            env = Environment(self.entries)
+            env += plugin_env
+        else:
+            env = full_env + plugin_env
+
+        shadow_set = self.__class__([])
+        # put all our entries in shadow_set
+        list(map(shadow_set.add, self))
+
+        for project_name in plugin_projects:
+
+            for dist in plugin_env[project_name]:
+
+                req = [dist.as_requirement()]
+
+                try:
+                    resolvees = shadow_set.resolve(req, env, installer)
+
+                except ResolutionError as v:
+                    # save error info
+                    error_info[dist] = v
+                    if fallback:
+                        # try the next older version of project
+                        continue
+                    else:
+                        # give up on this project, keep going
+                        break
+
+                else:
+                    list(map(shadow_set.add, resolvees))
+                    distributions.update(dict.fromkeys(resolvees))
+
+                    # success, no need to try any more versions of this project
+                    break
+
+        distributions = list(distributions)
+        distributions.sort()
+
+        return distributions, error_info
+
+    def require(self, *requirements):
+        """Ensure that distributions matching `requirements` are activated
+
+        `requirements` must be a string or a (possibly-nested) sequence
+        thereof, specifying the distributions and versions required.  The
+        return value is a sequence of the distributions that needed to be
+        activated to fulfill the requirements; all relevant distributions are
+        included, even if they were already activated in this working set.
+        """
+        needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
+
+        for dist in needed:
+            self.add(dist)
+
+        return needed
+
+    def subscribe(self, callback, existing=True):
+        """Invoke `callback` for all distributions
+
+        If `existing=True` (default),
+        call on all existing ones, as well.
+        """
+        if callback in self.callbacks:
+            return
+        self.callbacks.append(callback)
+        if not existing:
+            return
+        for dist in self:
+            callback(dist)
+
+    def _added_new(self, dist):
+        for callback in self.callbacks:
+            callback(dist)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return (
+            self.entries[:], self.entry_keys.copy(), self.by_key.copy(),
+            self.callbacks[:]
+        )
+
+    def __setstate__(self, e_k_b_c):
+        entries, keys, by_key, callbacks = e_k_b_c
+        self.entries = entries[:]
+        self.entry_keys = keys.copy()
+        self.by_key = by_key.copy()
+        self.callbacks = callbacks[:]
+
+
+class _ReqExtras(dict):
+    """
+    Map each requirement to the extras that demanded it.
+    """
+
+    def markers_pass(self, req, extras=None):
+        """
+        Evaluate markers for req against each extra that
+        demanded it.
+
+        Return False if the req has a marker and fails
+        evaluation. Otherwise, return True.
+        """
+        extra_evals = (
+            req.marker.evaluate({'extra': extra})
+            for extra in self.get(req, ()) + (extras or (None,))
+        )
+        return not req.marker or any(extra_evals)
+
+
+class Environment:
+    """Searchable snapshot of distributions on a search path"""
+
+    def __init__(
+            self, search_path=None, platform=get_supported_platform(),
+            python=PY_MAJOR):
+        """Snapshot distributions available on a search path
+
+        Any distributions found on `search_path` are added to the environment.
+        `search_path` should be a sequence of ``sys.path`` items.  If not
+        supplied, ``sys.path`` is used.
+
+        `platform` is an optional string specifying the name of the platform
+        that platform-specific distributions must be compatible with.  If
+        unspecified, it defaults to the current platform.  `python` is an
+        optional string naming the desired version of Python (e.g. ``'3.6'``);
+        it defaults to the current version.
+
+        You may explicitly set `platform` (and/or `python`) to ``None`` if you
+        wish to map *all* distributions, not just those compatible with the
+        running platform or Python version.
+        """
+        self._distmap = {}
+        self.platform = platform
+        self.python = python
+        self.scan(search_path)
+
+    def can_add(self, dist):
+        """Is distribution `dist` acceptable for this environment?
+
+        The distribution must match the platform and python version
+        requirements specified when this environment was created, or False
+        is returned.
+        """
+        py_compat = (
+            self.python is None
+            or dist.py_version is None
+            or dist.py_version == self.python
+        )
+        return py_compat and compatible_platforms(dist.platform, self.platform)
+
+    def remove(self, dist):
+        """Remove `dist` from the environment"""
+        self._distmap[dist.key].remove(dist)
+
+    def scan(self, search_path=None):
+        """Scan `search_path` for distributions usable in this environment
+
+        Any distributions found are added to the environment.
+        `search_path` should be a sequence of ``sys.path`` items.  If not
+        supplied, ``sys.path`` is used.  Only distributions conforming to
+        the platform/python version defined at initialization are added.
+        """
+        if search_path is None:
+            search_path = sys.path
+
+        for item in search_path:
+            for dist in find_distributions(item):
+                self.add(dist)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, project_name):
+        """Return a newest-to-oldest list of distributions for `project_name`
+
+        Uses case-insensitive `project_name` comparison, assuming all the
+        project's distributions use their project's name converted to all
+        lowercase as their key.
+
+        """
+        distribution_key = project_name.lower()
+        return self._distmap.get(distribution_key, [])
+
+    def add(self, dist):
+        """Add `dist` if we ``can_add()`` it and it has not already been added
+        """
+        if self.can_add(dist) and dist.has_version():
+            dists = self._distmap.setdefault(dist.key, [])
+            if dist not in dists:
+                dists.append(dist)
+                dists.sort(key=operator.attrgetter('hashcmp'), reverse=True)
+
+    def best_match(
+            self, req, working_set, installer=None, replace_conflicting=False):
+        """Find distribution best matching `req` and usable on `working_set`
+
+        This calls the ``find(req)`` method of the `working_set` to see if a
+        suitable distribution is already active.  (This may raise
+        ``VersionConflict`` if an unsuitable version of the project is already
+        active in the specified `working_set`.)  If a suitable distribution
+        isn't active, this method returns the newest distribution in the
+        environment that meets the ``Requirement`` in `req`.  If no suitable
+        distribution is found, and `installer` is supplied, then the result of
+        calling the environment's ``obtain(req, installer)`` method will be
+        returned.
+        """
+        try:
+            dist = working_set.find(req)
+        except VersionConflict:
+            if not replace_conflicting:
+                raise
+            dist = None
+        if dist is not None:
+            return dist
+        for dist in self[req.key]:
+            if dist in req:
+                return dist
+        # try to download/install
+        return self.obtain(req, installer)
+
+    def obtain(self, requirement, installer=None):
+        """Obtain a distribution matching `requirement` (e.g. via download)
+
+        Obtain a distro that matches requirement (e.g. via download).  In the
+        base ``Environment`` class, this routine just returns
+        ``installer(requirement)``, unless `installer` is None, in which case
+        None is returned instead.  This method is a hook that allows subclasses
+        to attempt other ways of obtaining a distribution before falling back
+        to the `installer` argument."""
+        if installer is not None:
+            return installer(requirement)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Yield the unique project names of the available distributions"""
+        for key in self._distmap.keys():
+            if self[key]:
+                yield key
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other):
+        """In-place addition of a distribution or environment"""
+        if isinstance(other, Distribution):
+            self.add(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, Environment):
+            for project in other:
+                for dist in other[project]:
+                    self.add(dist)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("Can't add %r to environment" % (other,))
+        return self
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        """Add an environment or distribution to an environment"""
+        new = self.__class__([], platform=None, python=None)
+        for env in self, other:
+            new += env
+        return new
+
+
+# XXX backward compatibility
+AvailableDistributions = Environment
+
+
+class ExtractionError(RuntimeError):
+    """An error occurred extracting a resource
+
+    The following attributes are available from instances of this exception:
+
+    manager
+        The resource manager that raised this exception
+
+    cache_path
+        The base directory for resource extraction
+
+    original_error
+        The exception instance that caused extraction to fail
+    """
+
+
+class ResourceManager:
+    """Manage resource extraction and packages"""
+    extraction_path = None
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.cached_files = {}
+
+    def resource_exists(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Does the named resource exist?"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).has_resource(resource_name)
+
+    def resource_isdir(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Is the named resource an existing directory?"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).resource_isdir(
+            resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_filename(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return a true filesystem path for specified resource"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_filename(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_stream(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return a readable file-like object for specified resource"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_stream(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_string(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return specified resource as a string"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_string(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_listdir(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """List the contents of the named resource directory"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).resource_listdir(
+            resource_name
+        )
+
+    def extraction_error(self):
+        """Give an error message for problems extracting file(s)"""
+
+        old_exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+        cache_path = self.extraction_path or get_default_cache()
+
+        tmpl = textwrap.dedent("""
+            Can't extract file(s) to egg cache
+
+            The following error occurred while trying to extract file(s)
+            to the Python egg cache:
+
+              {old_exc}
+
+            The Python egg cache directory is currently set to:
+
+              {cache_path}
+
+            Perhaps your account does not have write access to this directory?
+            You can change the cache directory by setting the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE
+            environment variable to point to an accessible directory.
+            """).lstrip()
+        err = ExtractionError(tmpl.format(**locals()))
+        err.manager = self
+        err.cache_path = cache_path
+        err.original_error = old_exc
+        raise err
+
+    def get_cache_path(self, archive_name, names=()):
+        """Return absolute location in cache for `archive_name` and `names`
+
+        The parent directory of the resulting path will be created if it does
+        not already exist.  `archive_name` should be the base filename of the
+        enclosing egg (which may not be the name of the enclosing zipfile!),
+        including its ".egg" extension.  `names`, if provided, should be a
+        sequence of path name parts "under" the egg's extraction location.
+
+        This method should only be called by resource providers that need to
+        obtain an extraction location, and only for names they intend to
+        extract, as it tracks the generated names for possible cleanup later.
+        """
+        extract_path = self.extraction_path or get_default_cache()
+        target_path = os.path.join(extract_path, archive_name + '-tmp', *names)
+        try:
+            _bypass_ensure_directory(target_path)
+        except Exception:
+            self.extraction_error()
+
+        self._warn_unsafe_extraction_path(extract_path)
+
+        self.cached_files[target_path] = 1
+        return target_path
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _warn_unsafe_extraction_path(path):
+        """
+        If the default extraction path is overridden and set to an insecure
+        location, such as /tmp, it opens up an opportunity for an attacker to
+        replace an extracted file with an unauthorized payload. Warn the user
+        if a known insecure location is used.
+
+        See Distribute #375 for more details.
+        """
+        if os.name == 'nt' and not path.startswith(os.environ['windir']):
+            # On Windows, permissions are generally restrictive by default
+            #  and temp directories are not writable by other users, so
+            #  bypass the warning.
+            return
+        mode = os.stat(path).st_mode
+        if mode & stat.S_IWOTH or mode & stat.S_IWGRP:
+            msg = (
+                "%s is writable by group/others and vulnerable to attack "
+                "when "
+                "used with get_resource_filename. Consider a more secure "
+                "location (set with .set_extraction_path or the "
+                "PYTHON_EGG_CACHE environment variable)." % path
+            )
+            warnings.warn(msg, UserWarning)
+
+    def postprocess(self, tempname, filename):
+        """Perform any platform-specific postprocessing of `tempname`
+
+        This is where Mac header rewrites should be done; other platforms don't
+        have anything special they should do.
+
+        Resource providers should call this method ONLY after successfully
+        extracting a compressed resource.  They must NOT call it on resources
+        that are already in the filesystem.
+
+        `tempname` is the current (temporary) name of the file, and `filename`
+        is the name it will be renamed to by the caller after this routine
+        returns.
+        """
+
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            # Make the resource executable
+            mode = ((os.stat(tempname).st_mode) | 0o555) & 0o7777
+            os.chmod(tempname, mode)
+
+    def set_extraction_path(self, path):
+        """Set the base path where resources will be extracted to, if needed.
+
+        If you do not call this routine before any extractions take place, the
+        path defaults to the return value of ``get_default_cache()``.  (Which
+        is based on the ``PYTHON_EGG_CACHE`` environment variable, with various
+        platform-specific fallbacks.  See that routine's documentation for more
+        details.)
+
+        Resources are extracted to subdirectories of this path based upon
+        information given by the ``IResourceProvider``.  You may set this to a
+        temporary directory, but then you must call ``cleanup_resources()`` to
+        delete the extracted files when done.  There is no guarantee that
+        ``cleanup_resources()`` will be able to remove all extracted files.
+
+        (Note: you may not change the extraction path for a given resource
+        manager once resources have been extracted, unless you first call
+        ``cleanup_resources()``.)
+        """
+        if self.cached_files:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Can't change extraction path, files already extracted"
+            )
+
+        self.extraction_path = path
+
+    def cleanup_resources(self, force=False):
+        """
+        Delete all extracted resource files and directories, returning a list
+        of the file and directory names that could not be successfully removed.
+        This function does not have any concurrency protection, so it should
+        generally only be called when the extraction path is a temporary
+        directory exclusive to a single process.  This method is not
+        automatically called; you must call it explicitly or register it as an
+        ``atexit`` function if you wish to ensure cleanup of a temporary
+        directory used for extractions.
+        """
+        # XXX
+
+
+def get_default_cache():
+    """
+    Return the ``PYTHON_EGG_CACHE`` environment variable
+    or a platform-relevant user cache dir for an app
+    named "Python-Eggs".
+    """
+    return (
+        os.environ.get('PYTHON_EGG_CACHE')
+        or appdirs.user_cache_dir(appname='Python-Eggs')
+    )
+
+
+def safe_name(name):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard distribution name
+
+    Any runs of non-alphanumeric/. characters are replaced with a single '-'.
+    """
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '-', name)
+
+
+def safe_version(version):
+    """
+    Convert an arbitrary string to a standard version string
+    """
+    try:
+        # normalize the version
+        return str(packaging.version.Version(version))
+    except packaging.version.InvalidVersion:
+        version = version.replace(' ', '.')
+        return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '-', version)
+
+
+def safe_extra(extra):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard 'extra' name
+
+    Any runs of non-alphanumeric characters are replaced with a single '_',
+    and the result is always lowercased.
+    """
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.-]+', '_', extra).lower()
+
+
+def to_filename(name):
+    """Convert a project or version name to its filename-escaped form
+
+    Any '-' characters are currently replaced with '_'.
+    """
+    return name.replace('-', '_')
+
+
+def invalid_marker(text):
+    """
+    Validate text as a PEP 508 environment marker; return an exception
+    if invalid or False otherwise.
+    """
+    try:
+        evaluate_marker(text)
+    except SyntaxError as e:
+        e.filename = None
+        e.lineno = None
+        return e
+    return False
+
+
+def evaluate_marker(text, extra=None):
+    """
+    Evaluate a PEP 508 environment marker.
+    Return a boolean indicating the marker result in this environment.
+    Raise SyntaxError if marker is invalid.
+
+    This implementation uses the 'pyparsing' module.
+    """
+    try:
+        marker = packaging.markers.Marker(text)
+        return marker.evaluate()
+    except packaging.markers.InvalidMarker as e:
+        raise SyntaxError(e)
+
+
+class NullProvider:
+    """Try to implement resources and metadata for arbitrary PEP 302 loaders"""
+
+    egg_name = None
+    egg_info = None
+    loader = None
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        self.loader = getattr(module, '__loader__', None)
+        self.module_path = os.path.dirname(getattr(module, '__file__', ''))
+
+    def get_resource_filename(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name)
+
+    def get_resource_stream(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return io.BytesIO(self.get_resource_string(manager, resource_name))
+
+    def get_resource_string(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return self._get(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def has_resource(self, resource_name):
+        return self._has(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def has_metadata(self, name):
+        return self.egg_info and self._has(self._fn(self.egg_info, name))
+
+    def get_metadata(self, name):
+        if not self.egg_info:
+            return ""
+        value = self._get(self._fn(self.egg_info, name))
+        return value.decode('utf-8') if six.PY3 else value
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(self, name):
+        return yield_lines(self.get_metadata(name))
+
+    def resource_isdir(self, resource_name):
+        return self._isdir(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def metadata_isdir(self, name):
+        return self.egg_info and self._isdir(self._fn(self.egg_info, name))
+
+    def resource_listdir(self, resource_name):
+        return self._listdir(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def metadata_listdir(self, name):
+        if self.egg_info:
+            return self._listdir(self._fn(self.egg_info, name))
+        return []
+
+    def run_script(self, script_name, namespace):
+        script = 'scripts/' + script_name
+        if not self.has_metadata(script):
+            raise ResolutionError(
+                "Script {script!r} not found in metadata at {self.egg_info!r}"
+                .format(**locals()),
+            )
+        script_text = self.get_metadata(script).replace('\r\n', '\n')
+        script_text = script_text.replace('\r', '\n')
+        script_filename = self._fn(self.egg_info, script)
+        namespace['__file__'] = script_filename
+        if os.path.exists(script_filename):
+            source = open(script_filename).read()
+            code = compile(source, script_filename, 'exec')
+            exec(code, namespace, namespace)
+        else:
+            from linecache import cache
+            cache[script_filename] = (
+                len(script_text), 0, script_text.split('\n'), script_filename
+            )
+            script_code = compile(script_text, script_filename, 'exec')
+            exec(script_code, namespace, namespace)
+
+    def _has(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _isdir(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _listdir(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _fn(self, base, resource_name):
+        self._validate_resource_path(resource_name)
+        if resource_name:
+            return os.path.join(base, *resource_name.split('/'))
+        return base
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _validate_resource_path(path):
+        """
+        Validate the resource paths according to the docs.
+        https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.html#basic-resource-access
+
+        >>> warned = getfixture('recwarn')
+        >>> warnings.simplefilter('always')
+        >>> vrp = NullProvider._validate_resource_path
+        >>> vrp('foo/bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        False
+        >>> vrp('../foo/bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        True
+        >>> warned.clear()
+        >>> vrp('/foo/bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        True
+        >>> vrp('foo/../../bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        True
+        >>> warned.clear()
+        >>> vrp('foo/f../bar.txt')
+        >>> bool(warned)
+        False
+
+        Windows path separators are straight-up disallowed.
+        >>> vrp(r'\\foo/bar.txt')
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: Use of .. or absolute path in a resource path \
+is not allowed.
+
+        >>> vrp(r'C:\\foo/bar.txt')
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: Use of .. or absolute path in a resource path \
+is not allowed.
+        """
+        invalid = (
+            os.path.pardir in path.split(posixpath.sep) or
+            posixpath.isabs(path) or
+            ntpath.isabs(path)
+        )
+        if not invalid:
+            return
+
+        msg = "Use of .. or absolute path in a resource path is not allowed."
+
+        # Aggressively disallow Windows absolute paths
+        if ntpath.isabs(path) and not posixpath.isabs(path):
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+        # for compatibility, warn; in future
+        # raise ValueError(msg)
+        warnings.warn(
+            msg[:-1] + " and will raise exceptions in a future release.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=4,
+        )
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        if hasattr(self.loader, 'get_data'):
+            return self.loader.get_data(path)
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for loaders without 'get_data()'"
+        )
+
+
+register_loader_type(object, NullProvider)
+
+
+class EggProvider(NullProvider):
+    """Provider based on a virtual filesystem"""
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        NullProvider.__init__(self, module)
+        self._setup_prefix()
+
+    def _setup_prefix(self):
+        # we assume here that our metadata may be nested inside a "basket"
+        # of multiple eggs; that's why we use module_path instead of .archive
+        path = self.module_path
+        old = None
+        while path != old:
+            if _is_egg_path(path):
+                self.egg_name = os.path.basename(path)
+                self.egg_info = os.path.join(path, 'EGG-INFO')
+                self.egg_root = path
+                break
+            old = path
+            path, base = os.path.split(path)
+
+
+class DefaultProvider(EggProvider):
+    """Provides access to package resources in the filesystem"""
+
+    def _has(self, path):
+        return os.path.exists(path)
+
+    def _isdir(self, path):
+        return os.path.isdir(path)
+
+    def _listdir(self, path):
+        return os.listdir(path)
+
+    def get_resource_stream(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return open(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name), 'rb')
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        with open(path, 'rb') as stream:
+            return stream.read()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _register(cls):
+        loader_names = 'SourceFileLoader', 'SourcelessFileLoader',
+        for name in loader_names:
+            loader_cls = getattr(importlib_machinery, name, type(None))
+            register_loader_type(loader_cls, cls)
+
+
+DefaultProvider._register()
+
+
+class EmptyProvider(NullProvider):
+    """Provider that returns nothing for all requests"""
+
+    module_path = None
+
+    _isdir = _has = lambda self, path: False
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        return ''
+
+    def _listdir(self, path):
+        return []
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+
+empty_provider = EmptyProvider()
+
+
+class ZipManifests(dict):
+    """
+    zip manifest builder
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def build(cls, path):
+        """
+        Build a dictionary similar to the zipimport directory
+        caches, except instead of tuples, store ZipInfo objects.
+
+        Use a platform-specific path separator (os.sep) for the path keys
+        for compatibility with pypy on Windows.
+        """
+        with zipfile.ZipFile(path) as zfile:
+            items = (
+                (
+                    name.replace('/', os.sep),
+                    zfile.getinfo(name),
+                )
+                for name in zfile.namelist()
+            )
+            return dict(items)
+
+    load = build
+
+
+class MemoizedZipManifests(ZipManifests):
+    """
+    Memoized zipfile manifests.
+    """
+    manifest_mod = collections.namedtuple('manifest_mod', 'manifest mtime')
+
+    def load(self, path):
+        """
+        Load a manifest at path or return a suitable manifest already loaded.
+        """
+        path = os.path.normpath(path)
+        mtime = os.stat(path).st_mtime
+
+        if path not in self or self[path].mtime != mtime:
+            manifest = self.build(path)
+            self[path] = self.manifest_mod(manifest, mtime)
+
+        return self[path].manifest
+
+
+class ZipProvider(EggProvider):
+    """Resource support for zips and eggs"""
+
+    eagers = None
+    _zip_manifests = MemoizedZipManifests()
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        EggProvider.__init__(self, module)
+        self.zip_pre = self.loader.archive + os.sep
+
+    def _zipinfo_name(self, fspath):
+        # Convert a virtual filename (full path to file) into a zipfile subpath
+        # usable with the zipimport directory cache for our target archive
+        fspath = fspath.rstrip(os.sep)
+        if fspath == self.loader.archive:
+            return ''
+        if fspath.startswith(self.zip_pre):
+            return fspath[len(self.zip_pre):]
+        raise AssertionError(
+            "%s is not a subpath of %s" % (fspath, self.zip_pre)
+        )
+
+    def _parts(self, zip_path):
+        # Convert a zipfile subpath into an egg-relative path part list.
+        # pseudo-fs path
+        fspath = self.zip_pre + zip_path
+        if fspath.startswith(self.egg_root + os.sep):
+            return fspath[len(self.egg_root) + 1:].split(os.sep)
+        raise AssertionError(
+            "%s is not a subpath of %s" % (fspath, self.egg_root)
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def zipinfo(self):
+        return self._zip_manifests.load(self.loader.archive)
+
+    def get_resource_filename(self, manager, resource_name):
+        if not self.egg_name:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "resource_filename() only supported for .egg, not .zip"
+            )
+        # no need to lock for extraction, since we use temp names
+        zip_path = self._resource_to_zip(resource_name)
+        eagers = self._get_eager_resources()
+        if '/'.join(self._parts(zip_path)) in eagers:
+            for name in eagers:
+                self._extract_resource(manager, self._eager_to_zip(name))
+        return self._extract_resource(manager, zip_path)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_date_and_size(zip_stat):
+        size = zip_stat.file_size
+        # ymdhms+wday, yday, dst
+        date_time = zip_stat.date_time + (0, 0, -1)
+        # 1980 offset already done
+        timestamp = time.mktime(date_time)
+        return timestamp, size
+
+    def _extract_resource(self, manager, zip_path):
+
+        if zip_path in self._index():
+            for name in self._index()[zip_path]:
+                last = self._extract_resource(
+                    manager, os.path.join(zip_path, name)
+                )
+            # return the extracted directory name
+            return os.path.dirname(last)
+
+        timestamp, size = self._get_date_and_size(self.zipinfo[zip_path])
+
+        if not WRITE_SUPPORT:
+            raise IOError('"os.rename" and "os.unlink" are not supported '
+                          'on this platform')
+        try:
+
+            real_path = manager.get_cache_path(
+                self.egg_name, self._parts(zip_path)
+            )
+
+            if self._is_current(real_path, zip_path):
+                return real_path
+
+            outf, tmpnam = _mkstemp(
+                ".$extract",
+                dir=os.path.dirname(real_path),
+            )
+            os.write(outf, self.loader.get_data(zip_path))
+            os.close(outf)
+            utime(tmpnam, (timestamp, timestamp))
+            manager.postprocess(tmpnam, real_path)
+
+            try:
+                rename(tmpnam, real_path)
+
+            except os.error:
+                if os.path.isfile(real_path):
+                    if self._is_current(real_path, zip_path):
+                        # the file became current since it was checked above,
+                        #  so proceed.
+                        return real_path
+                    # Windows, del old file and retry
+                    elif os.name == 'nt':
+                        unlink(real_path)
+                        rename(tmpnam, real_path)
+                        return real_path
+                raise
+
+        except os.error:
+            # report a user-friendly error
+            manager.extraction_error()
+
+        return real_path
+
+    def _is_current(self, file_path, zip_path):
+        """
+        Return True if the file_path is current for this zip_path
+        """
+        timestamp, size = self._get_date_and_size(self.zipinfo[zip_path])
+        if not os.path.isfile(file_path):
+            return False
+        stat = os.stat(file_path)
+        if stat.st_size != size or stat.st_mtime != timestamp:
+            return False
+        # check that the contents match
+        zip_contents = self.loader.get_data(zip_path)
+        with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
+            file_contents = f.read()
+        return zip_contents == file_contents
+
+    def _get_eager_resources(self):
+        if self.eagers is None:
+            eagers = []
+            for name in ('native_libs.txt', 'eager_resources.txt'):
+                if self.has_metadata(name):
+                    eagers.extend(self.get_metadata_lines(name))
+            self.eagers = eagers
+        return self.eagers
+
+    def _index(self):
+        try:
+            return self._dirindex
+        except AttributeError:
+            ind = {}
+            for path in self.zipinfo:
+                parts = path.split(os.sep)
+                while parts:
+                    parent = os.sep.join(parts[:-1])
+                    if parent in ind:
+                        ind[parent].append(parts[-1])
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        ind[parent] = [parts.pop()]
+            self._dirindex = ind
+            return ind
+
+    def _has(self, fspath):
+        zip_path = self._zipinfo_name(fspath)
+        return zip_path in self.zipinfo or zip_path in self._index()
+
+    def _isdir(self, fspath):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(fspath) in self._index()
+
+    def _listdir(self, fspath):
+        return list(self._index().get(self._zipinfo_name(fspath), ()))
+
+    def _eager_to_zip(self, resource_name):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(self._fn(self.egg_root, resource_name))
+
+    def _resource_to_zip(self, resource_name):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+
+register_loader_type(zipimport.zipimporter, ZipProvider)
+
+
+class FileMetadata(EmptyProvider):
+    """Metadata handler for standalone PKG-INFO files
+
+    Usage::
+
+        metadata = FileMetadata("/path/to/PKG-INFO")
+
+    This provider rejects all data and metadata requests except for PKG-INFO,
+    which is treated as existing, and will be the contents of the file at
+    the provided location.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, path):
+        self.path = path
+
+    def has_metadata(self, name):
+        return name == 'PKG-INFO' and os.path.isfile(self.path)
+
+    def get_metadata(self, name):
+        if name != 'PKG-INFO':
+            raise KeyError("No metadata except PKG-INFO is available")
+
+        with io.open(self.path, encoding='utf-8', errors="replace") as f:
+            metadata = f.read()
+        self._warn_on_replacement(metadata)
+        return metadata
+
+    def _warn_on_replacement(self, metadata):
+        # Python 2.7 compat for: replacement_char = '�'
+        replacement_char = b'\xef\xbf\xbd'.decode('utf-8')
+        if replacement_char in metadata:
+            tmpl = "{self.path} could not be properly decoded in UTF-8"
+            msg = tmpl.format(**locals())
+            warnings.warn(msg)
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(self, name):
+        return yield_lines(self.get_metadata(name))
+
+
+class PathMetadata(DefaultProvider):
+    """Metadata provider for egg directories
+
+    Usage::
+
+        # Development eggs:
+
+        egg_info = "/path/to/PackageName.egg-info"
+        base_dir = os.path.dirname(egg_info)
+        metadata = PathMetadata(base_dir, egg_info)
+        dist_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(egg_info))[0]
+        dist = Distribution(basedir, project_name=dist_name, metadata=metadata)
+
+        # Unpacked egg directories:
+
+        egg_path = "/path/to/PackageName-ver-pyver-etc.egg"
+        metadata = PathMetadata(egg_path, os.path.join(egg_path,'EGG-INFO'))
+        dist = Distribution.from_filename(egg_path, metadata=metadata)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, path, egg_info):
+        self.module_path = path
+        self.egg_info = egg_info
+
+
+class EggMetadata(ZipProvider):
+    """Metadata provider for .egg files"""
+
+    def __init__(self, importer):
+        """Create a metadata provider from a zipimporter"""
+
+        self.zip_pre = importer.archive + os.sep
+        self.loader = importer
+        if importer.prefix:
+            self.module_path = os.path.join(importer.archive, importer.prefix)
+        else:
+            self.module_path = importer.archive
+        self._setup_prefix()
+
+
+_declare_state('dict', _distribution_finders={})
+
+
+def register_finder(importer_type, distribution_finder):
+    """Register `distribution_finder` to find distributions in sys.path items
+
+    `importer_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 "Importer" (sys.path item
+    handler), and `distribution_finder` is a callable that, passed a path
+    item and the importer instance, yields ``Distribution`` instances found on
+    that path item.  See ``pkg_resources.find_on_path`` for an example."""
+    _distribution_finders[importer_type] = distribution_finder
+
+
+def find_distributions(path_item, only=False):
+    """Yield distributions accessible via `path_item`"""
+    importer = get_importer(path_item)
+    finder = _find_adapter(_distribution_finders, importer)
+    return finder(importer, path_item, only)
+
+
+def find_eggs_in_zip(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    """
+    Find eggs in zip files; possibly multiple nested eggs.
+    """
+    if importer.archive.endswith('.whl'):
+        # wheels are not supported with this finder
+        # they don't have PKG-INFO metadata, and won't ever contain eggs
+        return
+    metadata = EggMetadata(importer)
+    if metadata.has_metadata('PKG-INFO'):
+        yield Distribution.from_filename(path_item, metadata=metadata)
+    if only:
+        # don't yield nested distros
+        return
+    for subitem in metadata.resource_listdir(''):
+        if _is_egg_path(subitem):
+            subpath = os.path.join(path_item, subitem)
+            dists = find_eggs_in_zip(zipimport.zipimporter(subpath), subpath)
+            for dist in dists:
+                yield dist
+        elif subitem.lower().endswith('.dist-info'):
+            subpath = os.path.join(path_item, subitem)
+            submeta = EggMetadata(zipimport.zipimporter(subpath))
+            submeta.egg_info = subpath
+            yield Distribution.from_location(path_item, subitem, submeta)
+
+
+register_finder(zipimport.zipimporter, find_eggs_in_zip)
+
+
+def find_nothing(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    return ()
+
+
+register_finder(object, find_nothing)
+
+
+def _by_version_descending(names):
+    """
+    Given a list of filenames, return them in descending order
+    by version number.
+
+    >>> names = 'bar', 'foo', 'Python-2.7.10.egg', 'Python-2.7.2.egg'
+    >>> _by_version_descending(names)
+    ['Python-2.7.10.egg', 'Python-2.7.2.egg', 'foo', 'bar']
+    >>> names = 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3.egg'
+    >>> _by_version_descending(names)
+    ['Setuptools-1.2.3.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg']
+    >>> names = 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3.post1.egg'
+    >>> _by_version_descending(names)
+    ['Setuptools-1.2.3.post1.egg', 'Setuptools-1.2.3b1.egg']
+    """
+    def _by_version(name):
+        """
+        Parse each component of the filename
+        """
+        name, ext = os.path.splitext(name)
+        parts = itertools.chain(name.split('-'), [ext])
+        return [packaging.version.parse(part) for part in parts]
+
+    return sorted(names, key=_by_version, reverse=True)
+
+
+def find_on_path(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    """Yield distributions accessible on a sys.path directory"""
+    path_item = _normalize_cached(path_item)
+
+    if _is_unpacked_egg(path_item):
+        yield Distribution.from_filename(
+            path_item, metadata=PathMetadata(
+                path_item, os.path.join(path_item, 'EGG-INFO')
+            )
+        )
+        return
+
+    entries = safe_listdir(path_item)
+
+    # for performance, before sorting by version,
+    # screen entries for only those that will yield
+    # distributions
+    filtered = (
+        entry
+        for entry in entries
+        if dist_factory(path_item, entry, only)
+    )
+
+    # scan for .egg and .egg-info in directory
+    path_item_entries = _by_version_descending(filtered)
+    for entry in path_item_entries:
+        fullpath = os.path.join(path_item, entry)
+        factory = dist_factory(path_item, entry, only)
+        for dist in factory(fullpath):
+            yield dist
+
+
+def dist_factory(path_item, entry, only):
+    """
+    Return a dist_factory for a path_item and entry
+    """
+    lower = entry.lower()
+    is_meta = any(map(lower.endswith, ('.egg-info', '.dist-info')))
+    return (
+        distributions_from_metadata
+        if is_meta else
+        find_distributions
+        if not only and _is_egg_path(entry) else
+        resolve_egg_link
+        if not only and lower.endswith('.egg-link') else
+        NoDists()
+    )
+
+
+class NoDists:
+    """
+    >>> bool(NoDists())
+    False
+
+    >>> list(NoDists()('anything'))
+    []
+    """
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return False
+    if six.PY2:
+        __nonzero__ = __bool__
+
+    def __call__(self, fullpath):
+        return iter(())
+
+
+def safe_listdir(path):
+    """
+    Attempt to list contents of path, but suppress some exceptions.
+    """
+    try:
+        return os.listdir(path)
+    except (PermissionError, NotADirectoryError):
+        pass
+    except OSError as e:
+        # Ignore the directory if does not exist, not a directory or
+        # permission denied
+        ignorable = (
+            e.errno in (errno.ENOTDIR, errno.EACCES, errno.ENOENT)
+            # Python 2 on Windows needs to be handled this way :(
+            or getattr(e, "winerror", None) == 267
+        )
+        if not ignorable:
+            raise
+    return ()
+
+
+def distributions_from_metadata(path):
+    root = os.path.dirname(path)
+    if os.path.isdir(path):
+        if len(os.listdir(path)) == 0:
+            # empty metadata dir; skip
+            return
+        metadata = PathMetadata(root, path)
+    else:
+        metadata = FileMetadata(path)
+    entry = os.path.basename(path)
+    yield Distribution.from_location(
+        root, entry, metadata, precedence=DEVELOP_DIST,
+    )
+
+
+def non_empty_lines(path):
+    """
+    Yield non-empty lines from file at path
+    """
+    with open(path) as f:
+        for line in f:
+            line = line.strip()
+            if line:
+                yield line
+
+
+def resolve_egg_link(path):
+    """
+    Given a path to an .egg-link, resolve distributions
+    present in the referenced path.
+    """
+    referenced_paths = non_empty_lines(path)
+    resolved_paths = (
+        os.path.join(os.path.dirname(path), ref)
+        for ref in referenced_paths
+    )
+    dist_groups = map(find_distributions, resolved_paths)
+    return next(dist_groups, ())
+
+
+register_finder(pkgutil.ImpImporter, find_on_path)
+
+if hasattr(importlib_machinery, 'FileFinder'):
+    register_finder(importlib_machinery.FileFinder, find_on_path)
+
+_declare_state('dict', _namespace_handlers={})
+_declare_state('dict', _namespace_packages={})
+
+
+def register_namespace_handler(importer_type, namespace_handler):
+    """Register `namespace_handler` to declare namespace packages
+
+    `importer_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 "Importer" (sys.path item
+    handler), and `namespace_handler` is a callable like this::
+
+        def namespace_handler(importer, path_entry, moduleName, module):
+            # return a path_entry to use for child packages
+
+    Namespace handlers are only called if the importer object has already
+    agreed that it can handle the relevant path item, and they should only
+    return a subpath if the module __path__ does not already contain an
+    equivalent subpath.  For an example namespace handler, see
+    ``pkg_resources.file_ns_handler``.
+    """
+    _namespace_handlers[importer_type] = namespace_handler
+
+
+def _handle_ns(packageName, path_item):
+    """Ensure that named package includes a subpath of path_item (if needed)"""
+
+    importer = get_importer(path_item)
+    if importer is None:
+        return None
+
+    # capture warnings due to #1111
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
+        loader = importer.find_module(packageName)
+
+    if loader is None:
+        return None
+    module = sys.modules.get(packageName)
+    if module is None:
+        module = sys.modules[packageName] = types.ModuleType(packageName)
+        module.__path__ = []
+        _set_parent_ns(packageName)
+    elif not hasattr(module, '__path__'):
+        raise TypeError("Not a package:", packageName)
+    handler = _find_adapter(_namespace_handlers, importer)
+    subpath = handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module)
+    if subpath is not None:
+        path = module.__path__
+        path.append(subpath)
+        loader.load_module(packageName)
+        _rebuild_mod_path(path, packageName, module)
+    return subpath
+
+
+def _rebuild_mod_path(orig_path, package_name, module):
+    """
+    Rebuild module.__path__ ensuring that all entries are ordered
+    corresponding to their sys.path order
+    """
+    sys_path = [_normalize_cached(p) for p in sys.path]
+
+    def safe_sys_path_index(entry):
+        """
+        Workaround for #520 and #513.
+        """
+        try:
+            return sys_path.index(entry)
+        except ValueError:
+            return float('inf')
+
+    def position_in_sys_path(path):
+        """
+        Return the ordinal of the path based on its position in sys.path
+        """
+        path_parts = path.split(os.sep)
+        module_parts = package_name.count('.') + 1
+        parts = path_parts[:-module_parts]
+        return safe_sys_path_index(_normalize_cached(os.sep.join(parts)))
+
+    new_path = sorted(orig_path, key=position_in_sys_path)
+    new_path = [_normalize_cached(p) for p in new_path]
+
+    if isinstance(module.__path__, list):
+        module.__path__[:] = new_path
+    else:
+        module.__path__ = new_path
+
+
+def declare_namespace(packageName):
+    """Declare that package 'packageName' is a namespace package"""
+
+    _imp.acquire_lock()
+    try:
+        if packageName in _namespace_packages:
+            return
+
+        path = sys.path
+        parent, _, _ = packageName.rpartition('.')
+
+        if parent:
+            declare_namespace(parent)
+            if parent not in _namespace_packages:
+                __import__(parent)
+            try:
+                path = sys.modules[parent].__path__
+            except AttributeError:
+                raise TypeError("Not a package:", parent)
+
+        # Track what packages are namespaces, so when new path items are added,
+        # they can be updated
+        _namespace_packages.setdefault(parent or None, []).append(packageName)
+        _namespace_packages.setdefault(packageName, [])
+
+        for path_item in path:
+            # Ensure all the parent's path items are reflected in the child,
+            # if they apply
+            _handle_ns(packageName, path_item)
+
+    finally:
+        _imp.release_lock()
+
+
+def fixup_namespace_packages(path_item, parent=None):
+    """Ensure that previously-declared namespace packages include path_item"""
+    _imp.acquire_lock()
+    try:
+        for package in _namespace_packages.get(parent, ()):
+            subpath = _handle_ns(package, path_item)
+            if subpath:
+                fixup_namespace_packages(subpath, package)
+    finally:
+        _imp.release_lock()
+
+
+def file_ns_handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module):
+    """Compute an ns-package subpath for a filesystem or zipfile importer"""
+
+    subpath = os.path.join(path_item, packageName.split('.')[-1])
+    normalized = _normalize_cached(subpath)
+    for item in module.__path__:
+        if _normalize_cached(item) == normalized:
+            break
+    else:
+        # Only return the path if it's not already there
+        return subpath
+
+
+register_namespace_handler(pkgutil.ImpImporter, file_ns_handler)
+register_namespace_handler(zipimport.zipimporter, file_ns_handler)
+
+if hasattr(importlib_machinery, 'FileFinder'):
+    register_namespace_handler(importlib_machinery.FileFinder, file_ns_handler)
+
+
+def null_ns_handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module):
+    return None
+
+
+register_namespace_handler(object, null_ns_handler)
+
+
+def normalize_path(filename):
+    """Normalize a file/dir name for comparison purposes"""
+    return os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(os.path.normpath(_cygwin_patch(filename))))
+
+
+def _cygwin_patch(filename):  # pragma: nocover
+    """
+    Contrary to POSIX 2008, on Cygwin, getcwd (3) contains
+    symlink components. Using
+    os.path.abspath() works around this limitation. A fix in os.getcwd()
+    would probably better, in Cygwin even more so, except
+    that this seems to be by design...
+    """
+    return os.path.abspath(filename) if sys.platform == 'cygwin' else filename
+
+
+def _normalize_cached(filename, _cache={}):
+    try:
+        return _cache[filename]
+    except KeyError:
+        _cache[filename] = result = normalize_path(filename)
+        return result
+
+
+def _is_egg_path(path):
+    """
+    Determine if given path appears to be an egg.
+    """
+    return path.lower().endswith('.egg')
+
+
+def _is_unpacked_egg(path):
+    """
+    Determine if given path appears to be an unpacked egg.
+    """
+    return (
+        _is_egg_path(path) and
+        os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, 'EGG-INFO', 'PKG-INFO'))
+    )
+
+
+def _set_parent_ns(packageName):
+    parts = packageName.split('.')
+    name = parts.pop()
+    if parts:
+        parent = '.'.join(parts)
+        setattr(sys.modules[parent], name, sys.modules[packageName])
+
+
+def yield_lines(strs):
+    """Yield non-empty/non-comment lines of a string or sequence"""
+    if isinstance(strs, six.string_types):
+        for s in strs.splitlines():
+            s = s.strip()
+            # skip blank lines/comments
+            if s and not s.startswith('#'):
+                yield s
+    else:
+        for ss in strs:
+            for s in yield_lines(ss):
+                yield s
+
+
+MODULE = re.compile(r"\w+(\.\w+)*$").match
+EGG_NAME = re.compile(
+    r"""
+    (?P<name>[^-]+) (
+        -(?P<ver>[^-]+) (
+            -py(?P<pyver>[^-]+) (
+                -(?P<plat>.+)
+            )?
+        )?
+    )?
+    """,
+    re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE,
+).match
+
+
+class EntryPoint:
+    """Object representing an advertised importable object"""
+
+    def __init__(self, name, module_name, attrs=(), extras=(), dist=None):
+        if not MODULE(module_name):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid module name", module_name)
+        self.name = name
+        self.module_name = module_name
+        self.attrs = tuple(attrs)
+        self.extras = tuple(extras)
+        self.dist = dist
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        s = "%s = %s" % (self.name, self.module_name)
+        if self.attrs:
+            s += ':' + '.'.join(self.attrs)
+        if self.extras:
+            s += ' [%s]' % ','.join(self.extras)
+        return s
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "EntryPoint.parse(%r)" % str(self)
+
+    def load(self, require=True, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Require packages for this EntryPoint, then resolve it.
+        """
+        if not require or args or kwargs:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Parameters to load are deprecated.  Call .resolve and "
+                ".require separately.",
+                PkgResourcesDeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+        if require:
+            self.require(*args, **kwargs)
+        return self.resolve()
+
+    def resolve(self):
+        """
+        Resolve the entry point from its module and attrs.
+        """
+        module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)
+        try:
+            return functools.reduce(getattr, self.attrs, module)
+        except AttributeError as exc:
+            raise ImportError(str(exc))
+
+    def require(self, env=None, installer=None):
+        if self.extras and not self.dist:
+            raise UnknownExtra("Can't require() without a distribution", self)
+
+        # Get the requirements for this entry point with all its extras and
+        # then resolve them. We have to pass `extras` along when resolving so
+        # that the working set knows what extras we want. Otherwise, for
+        # dist-info distributions, the working set will assume that the
+        # requirements for that extra are purely optional and skip over them.
+        reqs = self.dist.requires(self.extras)
+        items = working_set.resolve(reqs, env, installer, extras=self.extras)
+        list(map(working_set.add, items))
+
+    pattern = re.compile(
+        r'\s*'
+        r'(?P<name>.+?)\s*'
+        r'=\s*'
+        r'(?P<module>[\w.]+)\s*'
+        r'(:\s*(?P<attr>[\w.]+))?\s*'
+        r'(?P<extras>\[.*\])?\s*$'
+    )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse(cls, src, dist=None):
+        """Parse a single entry point from string `src`
+
+        Entry point syntax follows the form::
+
+            name = some.module:some.attr [extra1, extra2]
+
+        The entry name and module name are required, but the ``:attrs`` and
+        ``[extras]`` parts are optional
+        """
+        m = cls.pattern.match(src)
+        if not m:
+            msg = "EntryPoint must be in 'name=module:attrs [extras]' format"
+            raise ValueError(msg, src)
+        res = m.groupdict()
+        extras = cls._parse_extras(res['extras'])
+        attrs = res['attr'].split('.') if res['attr'] else ()
+        return cls(res['name'], res['module'], attrs, extras, dist)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_extras(cls, extras_spec):
+        if not extras_spec:
+            return ()
+        req = Requirement.parse('x' + extras_spec)
+        if req.specs:
+            raise ValueError()
+        return req.extras
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_group(cls, group, lines, dist=None):
+        """Parse an entry point group"""
+        if not MODULE(group):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid group name", group)
+        this = {}
+        for line in yield_lines(lines):
+            ep = cls.parse(line, dist)
+            if ep.name in this:
+                raise ValueError("Duplicate entry point", group, ep.name)
+            this[ep.name] = ep
+        return this
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_map(cls, data, dist=None):
+        """Parse a map of entry point groups"""
+        if isinstance(data, dict):
+            data = data.items()
+        else:
+            data = split_sections(data)
+        maps = {}
+        for group, lines in data:
+            if group is None:
+                if not lines:
+                    continue
+                raise ValueError("Entry points must be listed in groups")
+            group = group.strip()
+            if group in maps:
+                raise ValueError("Duplicate group name", group)
+            maps[group] = cls.parse_group(group, lines, dist)
+        return maps
+
+
+def _remove_md5_fragment(location):
+    if not location:
+        return ''
+    parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(location)
+    if parsed[-1].startswith('md5='):
+        return urllib.parse.urlunparse(parsed[:-1] + ('',))
+    return location
+
+
+def _version_from_file(lines):
+    """
+    Given an iterable of lines from a Metadata file, return
+    the value of the Version field, if present, or None otherwise.
+    """
+    def is_version_line(line):
+        return line.lower().startswith('version:')
+    version_lines = filter(is_version_line, lines)
+    line = next(iter(version_lines), '')
+    _, _, value = line.partition(':')
+    return safe_version(value.strip()) or None
+
+
+class Distribution:
+    """Wrap an actual or potential sys.path entry w/metadata"""
+    PKG_INFO = 'PKG-INFO'
+
+    def __init__(
+            self, location=None, metadata=None, project_name=None,
+            version=None, py_version=PY_MAJOR, platform=None,
+            precedence=EGG_DIST):
+        self.project_name = safe_name(project_name or 'Unknown')
+        if version is not None:
+            self._version = safe_version(version)
+        self.py_version = py_version
+        self.platform = platform
+        self.location = location
+        self.precedence = precedence
+        self._provider = metadata or empty_provider
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_location(cls, location, basename, metadata=None, **kw):
+        project_name, version, py_version, platform = [None] * 4
+        basename, ext = os.path.splitext(basename)
+        if ext.lower() in _distributionImpl:
+            cls = _distributionImpl[ext.lower()]
+
+            match = EGG_NAME(basename)
+            if match:
+                project_name, version, py_version, platform = match.group(
+                    'name', 'ver', 'pyver', 'plat'
+                )
+        return cls(
+            location, metadata, project_name=project_name, version=version,
+            py_version=py_version, platform=platform, **kw
+        )._reload_version()
+
+    def _reload_version(self):
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def hashcmp(self):
+        return (
+            self.parsed_version,
+            self.precedence,
+            self.key,
+            _remove_md5_fragment(self.location),
+            self.py_version or '',
+            self.platform or '',
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self.hashcmp)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp < other.hashcmp
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp <= other.hashcmp
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp > other.hashcmp
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp >= other.hashcmp
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            # It's not a Distribution, so they are not equal
+            return False
+        return self.hashcmp == other.hashcmp
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    # These properties have to be lazy so that we don't have to load any
+    # metadata until/unless it's actually needed.  (i.e., some distributions
+    # may not know their name or version without loading PKG-INFO)
+
+    @property
+    def key(self):
+        try:
+            return self._key
+        except AttributeError:
+            self._key = key = self.project_name.lower()
+            return key
+
+    @property
+    def parsed_version(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, "_parsed_version"):
+            self._parsed_version = parse_version(self.version)
+
+        return self._parsed_version
+
+    def _warn_legacy_version(self):
+        LV = packaging.version.LegacyVersion
+        is_legacy = isinstance(self._parsed_version, LV)
+        if not is_legacy:
+            return
+
+        # While an empty version is technically a legacy version and
+        # is not a valid PEP 440 version, it's also unlikely to
+        # actually come from someone and instead it is more likely that
+        # it comes from setuptools attempting to parse a filename and
+        # including it in the list. So for that we'll gate this warning
+        # on if the version is anything at all or not.
+        if not self.version:
+            return
+
+        tmpl = textwrap.dedent("""
+            '{project_name} ({version})' is being parsed as a legacy,
+            non PEP 440,
+            version. You may find odd behavior and sort order.
+            In particular it will be sorted as less than 0.0. It
+            is recommended to migrate to PEP 440 compatible
+            versions.
+            """).strip().replace('\n', ' ')
+
+        warnings.warn(tmpl.format(**vars(self)), PEP440Warning)
+
+    @property
+    def version(self):
+        try:
+            return self._version
+        except AttributeError:
+            version = _version_from_file(self._get_metadata(self.PKG_INFO))
+            if version is None:
+                tmpl = "Missing 'Version:' header and/or %s file"
+                raise ValueError(tmpl % self.PKG_INFO, self)
+            return version
+
+    @property
+    def _dep_map(self):
+        """
+        A map of extra to its list of (direct) requirements
+        for this distribution, including the null extra.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self.__dep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            self.__dep_map = self._filter_extras(self._build_dep_map())
+        return self.__dep_map
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _filter_extras(dm):
+        """
+        Given a mapping of extras to dependencies, strip off
+        environment markers and filter out any dependencies
+        not matching the markers.
+        """
+        for extra in list(filter(None, dm)):
+            new_extra = extra
+            reqs = dm.pop(extra)
+            new_extra, _, marker = extra.partition(':')
+            fails_marker = marker and (
+                invalid_marker(marker)
+                or not evaluate_marker(marker)
+            )
+            if fails_marker:
+                reqs = []
+            new_extra = safe_extra(new_extra) or None
+
+            dm.setdefault(new_extra, []).extend(reqs)
+        return dm
+
+    def _build_dep_map(self):
+        dm = {}
+        for name in 'requires.txt', 'depends.txt':
+            for extra, reqs in split_sections(self._get_metadata(name)):
+                dm.setdefault(extra, []).extend(parse_requirements(reqs))
+        return dm
+
+    def requires(self, extras=()):
+        """List of Requirements needed for this distro if `extras` are used"""
+        dm = self._dep_map
+        deps = []
+        deps.extend(dm.get(None, ()))
+        for ext in extras:
+            try:
+                deps.extend(dm[safe_extra(ext)])
+            except KeyError:
+                raise UnknownExtra(
+                    "%s has no such extra feature %r" % (self, ext)
+                )
+        return deps
+
+    def _get_metadata(self, name):
+        if self.has_metadata(name):
+            for line in self.get_metadata_lines(name):
+                yield line
+
+    def activate(self, path=None, replace=False):
+        """Ensure distribution is importable on `path` (default=sys.path)"""
+        if path is None:
+            path = sys.path
+        self.insert_on(path, replace=replace)
+        if path is sys.path:
+            fixup_namespace_packages(self.location)
+            for pkg in self._get_metadata('namespace_packages.txt'):
+                if pkg in sys.modules:
+                    declare_namespace(pkg)
+
+    def egg_name(self):
+        """Return what this distribution's standard .egg filename should be"""
+        filename = "%s-%s-py%s" % (
+            to_filename(self.project_name), to_filename(self.version),
+            self.py_version or PY_MAJOR
+        )
+
+        if self.platform:
+            filename += '-' + self.platform
+        return filename
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self.location:
+            return "%s (%s)" % (self, self.location)
+        else:
+            return str(self)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        try:
+            version = getattr(self, 'version', None)
+        except ValueError:
+            version = None
+        version = version or "[unknown version]"
+        return "%s %s" % (self.project_name, version)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        """Delegate all unrecognized public attributes to .metadata provider"""
+        if attr.startswith('_'):
+            raise AttributeError(attr)
+        return getattr(self._provider, attr)
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return list(
+            set(super(Distribution, self).__dir__())
+            | set(
+                attr for attr in self._provider.__dir__()
+                if not attr.startswith('_')
+            )
+        )
+
+    if not hasattr(object, '__dir__'):
+        # python 2.7 not supported
+        del __dir__
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_filename(cls, filename, metadata=None, **kw):
+        return cls.from_location(
+            _normalize_cached(filename), os.path.basename(filename), metadata,
+            **kw
+        )
+
+    def as_requirement(self):
+        """Return a ``Requirement`` that matches this distribution exactly"""
+        if isinstance(self.parsed_version, packaging.version.Version):
+            spec = "%s==%s" % (self.project_name, self.parsed_version)
+        else:
+            spec = "%s===%s" % (self.project_name, self.parsed_version)
+
+        return Requirement.parse(spec)
+
+    def load_entry_point(self, group, name):
+        """Return the `name` entry point of `group` or raise ImportError"""
+        ep = self.get_entry_info(group, name)
+        if ep is None:
+            raise ImportError("Entry point %r not found" % ((group, name),))
+        return ep.load()
+
+    def get_entry_map(self, group=None):
+        """Return the entry point map for `group`, or the full entry map"""
+        try:
+            ep_map = self._ep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            ep_map = self._ep_map = EntryPoint.parse_map(
+                self._get_metadata('entry_points.txt'), self
+            )
+        if group is not None:
+            return ep_map.get(group, {})
+        return ep_map
+
+    def get_entry_info(self, group, name):
+        """Return the EntryPoint object for `group`+`name`, or ``None``"""
+        return self.get_entry_map(group).get(name)
+
+    def insert_on(self, path, loc=None, replace=False):
+        """Ensure self.location is on path
+
+        If replace=False (default):
+            - If location is already in path anywhere, do nothing.
+            - Else:
+              - If it's an egg and its parent directory is on path,
+                insert just ahead of the parent.
+              - Else: add to the end of path.
+        If replace=True:
+            - If location is already on path anywhere (not eggs)
+              or higher priority than its parent (eggs)
+              do nothing.
+            - Else:
+              - If it's an egg and its parent directory is on path,
+                insert just ahead of the parent,
+                removing any lower-priority entries.
+              - Else: add it to the front of path.
+        """
+
+        loc = loc or self.location
+        if not loc:
+            return
+
+        nloc = _normalize_cached(loc)
+        bdir = os.path.dirname(nloc)
+        npath = [(p and _normalize_cached(p) or p) for p in path]
+
+        for p, item in enumerate(npath):
+            if item == nloc:
+                if replace:
+                    break
+                else:
+                    # don't modify path (even removing duplicates) if
+                    # found and not replace
+                    return
+            elif item == bdir and self.precedence == EGG_DIST:
+                # if it's an .egg, give it precedence over its directory
+                # UNLESS it's already been added to sys.path and replace=False
+                if (not replace) and nloc in npath[p:]:
+                    return
+                if path is sys.path:
+                    self.check_version_conflict()
+                path.insert(p, loc)
+                npath.insert(p, nloc)
+                break
+        else:
+            if path is sys.path:
+                self.check_version_conflict()
+            if replace:
+                path.insert(0, loc)
+            else:
+                path.append(loc)
+            return
+
+        # p is the spot where we found or inserted loc; now remove duplicates
+        while True:
+            try:
+                np = npath.index(nloc, p + 1)
+            except ValueError:
+                break
+            else:
+                del npath[np], path[np]
+                # ha!
+                p = np
+
+        return
+
+    def check_version_conflict(self):
+        if self.key == 'setuptools':
+            # ignore the inevitable setuptools self-conflicts  :(
+            return
+
+        nsp = dict.fromkeys(self._get_metadata('namespace_packages.txt'))
+        loc = normalize_path(self.location)
+        for modname in self._get_metadata('top_level.txt'):
+            if (modname not in sys.modules or modname in nsp
+                    or modname in _namespace_packages):
+                continue
+            if modname in ('pkg_resources', 'setuptools', 'site'):
+                continue
+            fn = getattr(sys.modules[modname], '__file__', None)
+            if fn and (normalize_path(fn).startswith(loc) or
+                       fn.startswith(self.location)):
+                continue
+            issue_warning(
+                "Module %s was already imported from %s, but %s is being added"
+                " to sys.path" % (modname, fn, self.location),
+            )
+
+    def has_version(self):
+        try:
+            self.version
+        except ValueError:
+            issue_warning("Unbuilt egg for " + repr(self))
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def clone(self, **kw):
+        """Copy this distribution, substituting in any changed keyword args"""
+        names = 'project_name version py_version platform location precedence'
+        for attr in names.split():
+            kw.setdefault(attr, getattr(self, attr, None))
+        kw.setdefault('metadata', self._provider)
+        return self.__class__(**kw)
+
+    @property
+    def extras(self):
+        return [dep for dep in self._dep_map if dep]
+
+
+class EggInfoDistribution(Distribution):
+    def _reload_version(self):
+        """
+        Packages installed by distutils (e.g. numpy or scipy),
+        which uses an old safe_version, and so
+        their version numbers can get mangled when
+        converted to filenames (e.g., 1.11.0.dev0+2329eae to
+        1.11.0.dev0_2329eae). These distributions will not be
+        parsed properly
+        downstream by Distribution and safe_version, so
+        take an extra step and try to get the version number from
+        the metadata file itself instead of the filename.
+        """
+        md_version = _version_from_file(self._get_metadata(self.PKG_INFO))
+        if md_version:
+            self._version = md_version
+        return self
+
+
+class DistInfoDistribution(Distribution):
+    """
+    Wrap an actual or potential sys.path entry
+    w/metadata, .dist-info style.
+    """
+    PKG_INFO = 'METADATA'
+    EQEQ = re.compile(r"([\(,])\s*(\d.*?)\s*([,\)])")
+
+    @property
+    def _parsed_pkg_info(self):
+        """Parse and cache metadata"""
+        try:
+            return self._pkg_info
+        except AttributeError:
+            metadata = self.get_metadata(self.PKG_INFO)
+            self._pkg_info = email.parser.Parser().parsestr(metadata)
+            return self._pkg_info
+
+    @property
+    def _dep_map(self):
+        try:
+            return self.__dep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            self.__dep_map = self._compute_dependencies()
+            return self.__dep_map
+
+    def _compute_dependencies(self):
+        """Recompute this distribution's dependencies."""
+        dm = self.__dep_map = {None: []}
+
+        reqs = []
+        # Including any condition expressions
+        for req in self._parsed_pkg_info.get_all('Requires-Dist') or []:
+            reqs.extend(parse_requirements(req))
+
+        def reqs_for_extra(extra):
+            for req in reqs:
+                if not req.marker or req.marker.evaluate({'extra': extra}):
+                    yield req
+
+        common = frozenset(reqs_for_extra(None))
+        dm[None].extend(common)
+
+        for extra in self._parsed_pkg_info.get_all('Provides-Extra') or []:
+            s_extra = safe_extra(extra.strip())
+            dm[s_extra] = list(frozenset(reqs_for_extra(extra)) - common)
+
+        return dm
+
+
+_distributionImpl = {
+    '.egg': Distribution,
+    '.egg-info': EggInfoDistribution,
+    '.dist-info': DistInfoDistribution,
+}
+
+
+def issue_warning(*args, **kw):
+    level = 1
+    g = globals()
+    try:
+        # find the first stack frame that is *not* code in
+        # the pkg_resources module, to use for the warning
+        while sys._getframe(level).f_globals is g:
+            level += 1
+    except ValueError:
+        pass
+    warnings.warn(stacklevel=level + 1, *args, **kw)
+
+
+class RequirementParseError(ValueError):
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ' '.join(self.args)
+
+
+def parse_requirements(strs):
+    """Yield ``Requirement`` objects for each specification in `strs`
+
+    `strs` must be a string, or a (possibly-nested) iterable thereof.
+    """
+    # create a steppable iterator, so we can handle \-continuations
+    lines = iter(yield_lines(strs))
+
+    for line in lines:
+        # Drop comments -- a hash without a space may be in a URL.
+        if ' #' in line:
+            line = line[:line.find(' #')]
+        # If there is a line continuation, drop it, and append the next line.
+        if line.endswith('\\'):
+            line = line[:-2].strip()
+            try:
+                line += next(lines)
+            except StopIteration:
+                return
+        yield Requirement(line)
+
+
+class Requirement(packaging.requirements.Requirement):
+    def __init__(self, requirement_string):
+        """DO NOT CALL THIS UNDOCUMENTED METHOD; use Requirement.parse()!"""
+        try:
+            super(Requirement, self).__init__(requirement_string)
+        except packaging.requirements.InvalidRequirement as e:
+            raise RequirementParseError(str(e))
+        self.unsafe_name = self.name
+        project_name = safe_name(self.name)
+        self.project_name, self.key = project_name, project_name.lower()
+        self.specs = [
+            (spec.operator, spec.version) for spec in self.specifier]
+        self.extras = tuple(map(safe_extra, self.extras))
+        self.hashCmp = (
+            self.key,
+            self.specifier,
+            frozenset(self.extras),
+            str(self.marker) if self.marker else None,
+        )
+        self.__hash = hash(self.hashCmp)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return (
+            isinstance(other, Requirement) and
+            self.hashCmp == other.hashCmp
+        )
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    def __contains__(self, item):
+        if isinstance(item, Distribution):
+            if item.key != self.key:
+                return False
+
+            item = item.version
+
+        # Allow prereleases always in order to match the previous behavior of
+        # this method. In the future this should be smarter and follow PEP 440
+        # more accurately.
+        return self.specifier.contains(item, prereleases=True)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return self.__hash
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "Requirement.parse(%r)" % str(self)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def parse(s):
+        req, = parse_requirements(s)
+        return req
+
+
+def _always_object(classes):
+    """
+    Ensure object appears in the mro even
+    for old-style classes.
+    """
+    if object not in classes:
+        return classes + (object,)
+    return classes
+
+
+def _find_adapter(registry, ob):
+    """Return an adapter factory for `ob` from `registry`"""
+    types = _always_object(inspect.getmro(getattr(ob, '__class__', type(ob))))
+    for t in types:
+        if t in registry:
+            return registry[t]
+
+
+def ensure_directory(path):
+    """Ensure that the parent directory of `path` exists"""
+    dirname = os.path.dirname(path)
+    py31compat.makedirs(dirname, exist_ok=True)
+
+
+def _bypass_ensure_directory(path):
+    """Sandbox-bypassing version of ensure_directory()"""
+    if not WRITE_SUPPORT:
+        raise IOError('"os.mkdir" not supported on this platform.')
+    dirname, filename = split(path)
+    if dirname and filename and not isdir(dirname):
+        _bypass_ensure_directory(dirname)
+        try:
+            mkdir(dirname, 0o755)
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+
+
+def split_sections(s):
+    """Split a string or iterable thereof into (section, content) pairs
+
+    Each ``section`` is a stripped version of the section header ("[section]")
+    and each ``content`` is a list of stripped lines excluding blank lines and
+    comment-only lines.  If there are any such lines before the first section
+    header, they're returned in a first ``section`` of ``None``.
+    """
+    section = None
+    content = []
+    for line in yield_lines(s):
+        if line.startswith("["):
+            if line.endswith("]"):
+                if section or content:
+                    yield section, content
+                section = line[1:-1].strip()
+                content = []
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("Invalid section heading", line)
+        else:
+            content.append(line)
+
+    # wrap up last segment
+    yield section, content
+
+
+def _mkstemp(*args, **kw):
+    old_open = os.open
+    try:
+        # temporarily bypass sandboxing
+        os.open = os_open
+        return tempfile.mkstemp(*args, **kw)
+    finally:
+        # and then put it back
+        os.open = old_open
+
+
+# Silence the PEP440Warning by default, so that end users don't get hit by it
+# randomly just because they use pkg_resources. We want to append the rule
+# because we want earlier uses of filterwarnings to take precedence over this
+# one.
+warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=PEP440Warning, append=True)
+
+
+# from jaraco.functools 1.3
+def _call_aside(f, *args, **kwargs):
+    f(*args, **kwargs)
+    return f
+
+
+@_call_aside
+def _initialize(g=globals()):
+    "Set up global resource manager (deliberately not state-saved)"
+    manager = ResourceManager()
+    g['_manager'] = manager
+    g.update(
+        (name, getattr(manager, name))
+        for name in dir(manager)
+        if not name.startswith('_')
+    )
+
+
+@_call_aside
+def _initialize_master_working_set():
+    """
+    Prepare the master working set and make the ``require()``
+    API available.
+
+    This function has explicit effects on the global state
+    of pkg_resources. It is intended to be invoked once at
+    the initialization of this module.
+
+    Invocation by other packages is unsupported and done
+    at their own risk.
+    """
+    working_set = WorkingSet._build_master()
+    _declare_state('object', working_set=working_set)
+
+    require = working_set.require
+    iter_entry_points = working_set.iter_entry_points
+    add_activation_listener = working_set.subscribe
+    run_script = working_set.run_script
+    # backward compatibility
+    run_main = run_script
+    # Activate all distributions already on sys.path with replace=False and
+    # ensure that all distributions added to the working set in the future
+    # (e.g. by calling ``require()``) will get activated as well,
+    # with higher priority (replace=True).
+    tuple(
+        dist.activate(replace=False)
+        for dist in working_set
+    )
+    add_activation_listener(
+        lambda dist: dist.activate(replace=True),
+        existing=False,
+    )
+    working_set.entries = []
+    # match order
+    list(map(working_set.add_entry, sys.path))
+    globals().update(locals())
+
+class PkgResourcesDeprecationWarning(Warning):
+    """
+    Base class for warning about deprecations in ``pkg_resources``
+
+    This class is not derived from ``DeprecationWarning``, and as such is
+    visible by default.
+    """
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/appdirs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,608 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+# Copyright (c) 2005-2010 ActiveState Software Inc.
+# Copyright (c) 2013 Eddy Petrișor
+
+"""Utilities for determining application-specific dirs.
+
+See <http://github.com/ActiveState/appdirs> for details and usage.
+"""
+# Dev Notes:
+# - MSDN on where to store app data files:
+#   http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;310294#XSLTH3194121123120121120120
+# - Mac OS X: http://developer.apple.com/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPFileSystem/index.html
+# - XDG spec for Un*x: http://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html
+
+__version_info__ = (1, 4, 3)
+__version__ = '.'.join(map(str, __version_info__))
+
+
+import sys
+import os
+
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+
+if PY3:
+    unicode = str
+
+if sys.platform.startswith('java'):
+    import platform
+    os_name = platform.java_ver()[3][0]
+    if os_name.startswith('Windows'): # "Windows XP", "Windows 7", etc.
+        system = 'win32'
+    elif os_name.startswith('Mac'): # "Mac OS X", etc.
+        system = 'darwin'
+    else: # "Linux", "SunOS", "FreeBSD", etc.
+        # Setting this to "linux2" is not ideal, but only Windows or Mac
+        # are actually checked for and the rest of the module expects
+        # *sys.platform* style strings.
+        system = 'linux2'
+else:
+    system = sys.platform
+
+
+
+def user_data_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, roaming=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific data dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "roaming" (boolean, default False) can be set True to use the Windows
+            roaming appdata directory. That means that for users on a Windows
+            network setup for roaming profiles, this user data will be
+            sync'd on login. See
+            <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>
+            for a discussion of issues.
+
+    Typical user data directories are:
+        Mac OS X:               ~/Library/Application Support/<AppName>
+        Unix:                   ~/.local/share/<AppName>    # or in $XDG_DATA_HOME, if defined
+        Win XP (not roaming):   C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Win XP (roaming):       C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Win 7  (not roaming):   C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Win 7  (roaming):       C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Roaming\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+
+    For Unix, we follow the XDG spec and support $XDG_DATA_HOME.
+    That means, by default "~/.local/share/<AppName>".
+    """
+    if system == "win32":
+        if appauthor is None:
+            appauthor = appname
+        const = roaming and "CSIDL_APPDATA" or "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder(const))
+        if appname:
+            if appauthor is not False:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appauthor, appname)
+            else:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    elif system == 'darwin':
+        path = os.path.expanduser('~/Library/Application Support/')
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    else:
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_DATA_HOME', os.path.expanduser("~/.local/share"))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def site_data_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, multipath=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-shared data dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "multipath" is an optional parameter only applicable to *nix
+            which indicates that the entire list of data dirs should be
+            returned. By default, the first item from XDG_DATA_DIRS is
+            returned, or '/usr/local/share/<AppName>',
+            if XDG_DATA_DIRS is not set
+
+    Typical site data directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   /Library/Application Support/<AppName>
+        Unix:       /usr/local/share/<AppName> or /usr/share/<AppName>
+        Win XP:     C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>
+        Vista:      (Fail! "C:\ProgramData" is a hidden *system* directory on Vista.)
+        Win 7:      C:\ProgramData\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>   # Hidden, but writeable on Win 7.
+
+    For Unix, this is using the $XDG_DATA_DIRS[0] default.
+
+    WARNING: Do not use this on Windows. See the Vista-Fail note above for why.
+    """
+    if system == "win32":
+        if appauthor is None:
+            appauthor = appname
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder("CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA"))
+        if appname:
+            if appauthor is not False:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appauthor, appname)
+            else:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    elif system == 'darwin':
+        path = os.path.expanduser('/Library/Application Support')
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    else:
+        # XDG default for $XDG_DATA_DIRS
+        # only first, if multipath is False
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_DATA_DIRS',
+                         os.pathsep.join(['/usr/local/share', '/usr/share']))
+        pathlist = [os.path.expanduser(x.rstrip(os.sep)) for x in path.split(os.pathsep)]
+        if appname:
+            if version:
+                appname = os.path.join(appname, version)
+            pathlist = [os.sep.join([x, appname]) for x in pathlist]
+
+        if multipath:
+            path = os.pathsep.join(pathlist)
+        else:
+            path = pathlist[0]
+        return path
+
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def user_config_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, roaming=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific config dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "roaming" (boolean, default False) can be set True to use the Windows
+            roaming appdata directory. That means that for users on a Windows
+            network setup for roaming profiles, this user data will be
+            sync'd on login. See
+            <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>
+            for a discussion of issues.
+
+    Typical user config directories are:
+        Mac OS X:               same as user_data_dir
+        Unix:                   ~/.config/<AppName>     # or in $XDG_CONFIG_HOME, if defined
+        Win *:                  same as user_data_dir
+
+    For Unix, we follow the XDG spec and support $XDG_CONFIG_HOME.
+    That means, by default "~/.config/<AppName>".
+    """
+    if system in ["win32", "darwin"]:
+        path = user_data_dir(appname, appauthor, None, roaming)
+    else:
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_CONFIG_HOME', os.path.expanduser("~/.config"))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def site_config_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, multipath=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-shared data dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "multipath" is an optional parameter only applicable to *nix
+            which indicates that the entire list of config dirs should be
+            returned. By default, the first item from XDG_CONFIG_DIRS is
+            returned, or '/etc/xdg/<AppName>', if XDG_CONFIG_DIRS is not set
+
+    Typical site config directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   same as site_data_dir
+        Unix:       /etc/xdg/<AppName> or $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS[i]/<AppName> for each value in
+                    $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS
+        Win *:      same as site_data_dir
+        Vista:      (Fail! "C:\ProgramData" is a hidden *system* directory on Vista.)
+
+    For Unix, this is using the $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS[0] default, if multipath=False
+
+    WARNING: Do not use this on Windows. See the Vista-Fail note above for why.
+    """
+    if system in ["win32", "darwin"]:
+        path = site_data_dir(appname, appauthor)
+        if appname and version:
+            path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    else:
+        # XDG default for $XDG_CONFIG_DIRS
+        # only first, if multipath is False
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_CONFIG_DIRS', '/etc/xdg')
+        pathlist = [os.path.expanduser(x.rstrip(os.sep)) for x in path.split(os.pathsep)]
+        if appname:
+            if version:
+                appname = os.path.join(appname, version)
+            pathlist = [os.sep.join([x, appname]) for x in pathlist]
+
+        if multipath:
+            path = os.pathsep.join(pathlist)
+        else:
+            path = pathlist[0]
+    return path
+
+
+def user_cache_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, opinion=True):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific cache dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "opinion" (boolean) can be False to disable the appending of
+            "Cache" to the base app data dir for Windows. See
+            discussion below.
+
+    Typical user cache directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   ~/Library/Caches/<AppName>
+        Unix:       ~/.cache/<AppName> (XDG default)
+        Win XP:     C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Cache
+        Vista:      C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Cache
+
+    On Windows the only suggestion in the MSDN docs is that local settings go in
+    the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` directory. This is identical to the non-roaming
+    app data dir (the default returned by `user_data_dir` above). Apps typically
+    put cache data somewhere *under* the given dir here. Some examples:
+        ...\Mozilla\Firefox\Profiles\<ProfileName>\Cache
+        ...\Acme\SuperApp\Cache\1.0
+    OPINION: This function appends "Cache" to the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` value.
+    This can be disabled with the `opinion=False` option.
+    """
+    if system == "win32":
+        if appauthor is None:
+            appauthor = appname
+        path = os.path.normpath(_get_win_folder("CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA"))
+        if appname:
+            if appauthor is not False:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appauthor, appname)
+            else:
+                path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+            if opinion:
+                path = os.path.join(path, "Cache")
+    elif system == 'darwin':
+        path = os.path.expanduser('~/Library/Caches')
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    else:
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_CACHE_HOME', os.path.expanduser('~/.cache'))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def user_state_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, roaming=False):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific state dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "roaming" (boolean, default False) can be set True to use the Windows
+            roaming appdata directory. That means that for users on a Windows
+            network setup for roaming profiles, this user data will be
+            sync'd on login. See
+            <http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc766489(WS.10).aspx>
+            for a discussion of issues.
+
+    Typical user state directories are:
+        Mac OS X:  same as user_data_dir
+        Unix:      ~/.local/state/<AppName>   # or in $XDG_STATE_HOME, if defined
+        Win *:     same as user_data_dir
+
+    For Unix, we follow this Debian proposal <https://wiki.debian.org/XDGBaseDirectorySpecification#state>
+    to extend the XDG spec and support $XDG_STATE_HOME.
+
+    That means, by default "~/.local/state/<AppName>".
+    """
+    if system in ["win32", "darwin"]:
+        path = user_data_dir(appname, appauthor, None, roaming)
+    else:
+        path = os.getenv('XDG_STATE_HOME', os.path.expanduser("~/.local/state"))
+        if appname:
+            path = os.path.join(path, appname)
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+def user_log_dir(appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None, opinion=True):
+    r"""Return full path to the user-specific log dir for this application.
+
+        "appname" is the name of application.
+            If None, just the system directory is returned.
+        "appauthor" (only used on Windows) is the name of the
+            appauthor or distributing body for this application. Typically
+            it is the owning company name. This falls back to appname. You may
+            pass False to disable it.
+        "version" is an optional version path element to append to the
+            path. You might want to use this if you want multiple versions
+            of your app to be able to run independently. If used, this
+            would typically be "<major>.<minor>".
+            Only applied when appname is present.
+        "opinion" (boolean) can be False to disable the appending of
+            "Logs" to the base app data dir for Windows, and "log" to the
+            base cache dir for Unix. See discussion below.
+
+    Typical user log directories are:
+        Mac OS X:   ~/Library/Logs/<AppName>
+        Unix:       ~/.cache/<AppName>/log  # or under $XDG_CACHE_HOME if defined
+        Win XP:     C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Application Data\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Logs
+        Vista:      C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\<AppAuthor>\<AppName>\Logs
+
+    On Windows the only suggestion in the MSDN docs is that local settings
+    go in the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA` directory. (Note: I'm interested in
+    examples of what some windows apps use for a logs dir.)
+
+    OPINION: This function appends "Logs" to the `CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA`
+    value for Windows and appends "log" to the user cache dir for Unix.
+    This can be disabled with the `opinion=False` option.
+    """
+    if system == "darwin":
+        path = os.path.join(
+            os.path.expanduser('~/Library/Logs'),
+            appname)
+    elif system == "win32":
+        path = user_data_dir(appname, appauthor, version)
+        version = False
+        if opinion:
+            path = os.path.join(path, "Logs")
+    else:
+        path = user_cache_dir(appname, appauthor, version)
+        version = False
+        if opinion:
+            path = os.path.join(path, "log")
+    if appname and version:
+        path = os.path.join(path, version)
+    return path
+
+
+class AppDirs(object):
+    """Convenience wrapper for getting application dirs."""
+    def __init__(self, appname=None, appauthor=None, version=None,
+            roaming=False, multipath=False):
+        self.appname = appname
+        self.appauthor = appauthor
+        self.version = version
+        self.roaming = roaming
+        self.multipath = multipath
+
+    @property
+    def user_data_dir(self):
+        return user_data_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                             version=self.version, roaming=self.roaming)
+
+    @property
+    def site_data_dir(self):
+        return site_data_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                             version=self.version, multipath=self.multipath)
+
+    @property
+    def user_config_dir(self):
+        return user_config_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                               version=self.version, roaming=self.roaming)
+
+    @property
+    def site_config_dir(self):
+        return site_config_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                             version=self.version, multipath=self.multipath)
+
+    @property
+    def user_cache_dir(self):
+        return user_cache_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                              version=self.version)
+
+    @property
+    def user_state_dir(self):
+        return user_state_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                              version=self.version)
+
+    @property
+    def user_log_dir(self):
+        return user_log_dir(self.appname, self.appauthor,
+                            version=self.version)
+
+
+#---- internal support stuff
+
+def _get_win_folder_from_registry(csidl_name):
+    """This is a fallback technique at best. I'm not sure if using the
+    registry for this guarantees us the correct answer for all CSIDL_*
+    names.
+    """
+    if PY3:
+      import winreg as _winreg
+    else:
+      import _winreg
+
+    shell_folder_name = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": "AppData",
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": "Common AppData",
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": "Local AppData",
+    }[csidl_name]
+
+    key = _winreg.OpenKey(
+        _winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+        r"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Shell Folders"
+    )
+    dir, type = _winreg.QueryValueEx(key, shell_folder_name)
+    return dir
+
+
+def _get_win_folder_with_pywin32(csidl_name):
+    from win32com.shell import shellcon, shell
+    dir = shell.SHGetFolderPath(0, getattr(shellcon, csidl_name), 0, 0)
+    # Try to make this a unicode path because SHGetFolderPath does
+    # not return unicode strings when there is unicode data in the
+    # path.
+    try:
+        dir = unicode(dir)
+
+        # Downgrade to short path name if have highbit chars. See
+        # <http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=85099>.
+        has_high_char = False
+        for c in dir:
+            if ord(c) > 255:
+                has_high_char = True
+                break
+        if has_high_char:
+            try:
+                import win32api
+                dir = win32api.GetShortPathName(dir)
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
+    except UnicodeError:
+        pass
+    return dir
+
+
+def _get_win_folder_with_ctypes(csidl_name):
+    import ctypes
+
+    csidl_const = {
+        "CSIDL_APPDATA": 26,
+        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA": 35,
+        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA": 28,
+    }[csidl_name]
+
+    buf = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)
+    ctypes.windll.shell32.SHGetFolderPathW(None, csidl_const, None, 0, buf)
+
+    # Downgrade to short path name if have highbit chars. See
+    # <http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=85099>.
+    has_high_char = False
+    for c in buf:
+        if ord(c) > 255:
+            has_high_char = True
+            break
+    if has_high_char:
+        buf2 = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(1024)
+        if ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetShortPathNameW(buf.value, buf2, 1024):
+            buf = buf2
+
+    return buf.value
+
+def _get_win_folder_with_jna(csidl_name):
+    import array
+    from com.sun import jna
+    from com.sun.jna.platform import win32
+
+    buf_size = win32.WinDef.MAX_PATH * 2
+    buf = array.zeros('c', buf_size)
+    shell = win32.Shell32.INSTANCE
+    shell.SHGetFolderPath(None, getattr(win32.ShlObj, csidl_name), None, win32.ShlObj.SHGFP_TYPE_CURRENT, buf)
+    dir = jna.Native.toString(buf.tostring()).rstrip("\0")
+
+    # Downgrade to short path name if have highbit chars. See
+    # <http://bugs.activestate.com/show_bug.cgi?id=85099>.
+    has_high_char = False
+    for c in dir:
+        if ord(c) > 255:
+            has_high_char = True
+            break
+    if has_high_char:
+        buf = array.zeros('c', buf_size)
+        kernel = win32.Kernel32.INSTANCE
+        if kernel.GetShortPathName(dir, buf, buf_size):
+            dir = jna.Native.toString(buf.tostring()).rstrip("\0")
+
+    return dir
+
+if system == "win32":
+    try:
+        import win32com.shell
+        _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_with_pywin32
+    except ImportError:
+        try:
+            from ctypes import windll
+            _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_with_ctypes
+        except ImportError:
+            try:
+                import com.sun.jna
+                _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_with_jna
+            except ImportError:
+                _get_win_folder = _get_win_folder_from_registry
+
+
+#---- self test code
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    appname = "MyApp"
+    appauthor = "MyCompany"
+
+    props = ("user_data_dir",
+             "user_config_dir",
+             "user_cache_dir",
+             "user_state_dir",
+             "user_log_dir",
+             "site_data_dir",
+             "site_config_dir")
+
+    print("-- app dirs %s --" % __version__)
+
+    print("-- app dirs (with optional 'version')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname, appauthor, version="1.0")
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (without optional 'version')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname, appauthor)
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (without optional 'appauthor')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname)
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
+
+    print("\n-- app dirs (with disabled 'appauthor')")
+    dirs = AppDirs(appname, appauthor=False)
+    for prop in props:
+        print("%s: %s" % (prop, getattr(dirs, prop)))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95d330e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__", "__summary__", "__uri__", "__version__", "__author__",
+    "__email__", "__license__", "__copyright__",
+]
+
+__title__ = "packaging"
+__summary__ = "Core utilities for Python packages"
+__uri__ = "https://github.com/pypa/packaging"
+
+__version__ = "16.8"
+
+__author__ = "Donald Stufft and individual contributors"
+__email__ = "donald@stufft.io"
+
+__license__ = "BSD or Apache License, Version 2.0"
+__copyright__ = "Copyright 2014-2016 %s" % __author__
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ee6220
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+from .__about__ import (
+    __author__, __copyright__, __email__, __license__, __summary__, __title__,
+    __uri__, __version__
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__", "__summary__", "__uri__", "__version__", "__author__",
+    "__email__", "__license__", "__copyright__",
+]
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/version.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/version.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..210bb80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import sys
+
+
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+
+# flake8: noqa
+
+if PY3:
+    string_types = str,
+else:
+    string_types = basestring,
+
+
+def with_metaclass(meta, *bases):
+    """
+    Create a base class with a metaclass.
+    """
+    # This requires a bit of explanation: the basic idea is to make a dummy
+    # metaclass for one level of class instantiation that replaces itself with
+    # the actual metaclass.
+    class metaclass(meta):
+        def __new__(cls, name, this_bases, d):
+            return meta(name, bases, d)
+    return type.__new__(metaclass, 'temporary_class', (), {})
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccc2786
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+
+class Infinity(object):
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "Infinity"
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(repr(self))
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return False
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return False
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return True
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return True
+
+    def __neg__(self):
+        return NegativeInfinity
+
+Infinity = Infinity()
+
+
+class NegativeInfinity(object):
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "-Infinity"
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(repr(self))
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return True
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return True
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return False
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return False
+
+    def __neg__(self):
+        return Infinity
+
+NegativeInfinity = NegativeInfinity()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/markers.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/markers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..892e578
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/markers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import operator
+import os
+import platform
+import sys
+
+from pkg_resources.extern.pyparsing import ParseException, ParseResults, stringStart, stringEnd
+from pkg_resources.extern.pyparsing import ZeroOrMore, Group, Forward, QuotedString
+from pkg_resources.extern.pyparsing import Literal as L  # noqa
+
+from ._compat import string_types
+from .specifiers import Specifier, InvalidSpecifier
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "InvalidMarker", "UndefinedComparison", "UndefinedEnvironmentName",
+    "Marker", "default_environment",
+]
+
+
+class InvalidMarker(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid marker was found, users should refer to PEP 508.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedComparison(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid operation was attempted on a value that doesn't support it.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedEnvironmentName(ValueError):
+    """
+    A name was attempted to be used that does not exist inside of the
+    environment.
+    """
+
+
+class Node(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, value):
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.value)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<{0}({1!r})>".format(self.__class__.__name__, str(self))
+
+    def serialize(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Variable(Node):
+
+    def serialize(self):
+        return str(self)
+
+
+class Value(Node):
+
+    def serialize(self):
+        return '"{0}"'.format(self)
+
+
+class Op(Node):
+
+    def serialize(self):
+        return str(self)
+
+
+VARIABLE = (
+    L("implementation_version") |
+    L("platform_python_implementation") |
+    L("implementation_name") |
+    L("python_full_version") |
+    L("platform_release") |
+    L("platform_version") |
+    L("platform_machine") |
+    L("platform_system") |
+    L("python_version") |
+    L("sys_platform") |
+    L("os_name") |
+    L("os.name") |  # PEP-345
+    L("sys.platform") |  # PEP-345
+    L("platform.version") |  # PEP-345
+    L("platform.machine") |  # PEP-345
+    L("platform.python_implementation") |  # PEP-345
+    L("python_implementation") |  # undocumented setuptools legacy
+    L("extra")
+)
+ALIASES = {
+    'os.name': 'os_name',
+    'sys.platform': 'sys_platform',
+    'platform.version': 'platform_version',
+    'platform.machine': 'platform_machine',
+    'platform.python_implementation': 'platform_python_implementation',
+    'python_implementation': 'platform_python_implementation'
+}
+VARIABLE.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Variable(ALIASES.get(t[0], t[0])))
+
+VERSION_CMP = (
+    L("===") |
+    L("==") |
+    L(">=") |
+    L("<=") |
+    L("!=") |
+    L("~=") |
+    L(">") |
+    L("<")
+)
+
+MARKER_OP = VERSION_CMP | L("not in") | L("in")
+MARKER_OP.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Op(t[0]))
+
+MARKER_VALUE = QuotedString("'") | QuotedString('"')
+MARKER_VALUE.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Value(t[0]))
+
+BOOLOP = L("and") | L("or")
+
+MARKER_VAR = VARIABLE | MARKER_VALUE
+
+MARKER_ITEM = Group(MARKER_VAR + MARKER_OP + MARKER_VAR)
+MARKER_ITEM.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: tuple(t[0]))
+
+LPAREN = L("(").suppress()
+RPAREN = L(")").suppress()
+
+MARKER_EXPR = Forward()
+MARKER_ATOM = MARKER_ITEM | Group(LPAREN + MARKER_EXPR + RPAREN)
+MARKER_EXPR << MARKER_ATOM + ZeroOrMore(BOOLOP + MARKER_EXPR)
+
+MARKER = stringStart + MARKER_EXPR + stringEnd
+
+
+def _coerce_parse_result(results):
+    if isinstance(results, ParseResults):
+        return [_coerce_parse_result(i) for i in results]
+    else:
+        return results
+
+
+def _format_marker(marker, first=True):
+    assert isinstance(marker, (list, tuple, string_types))
+
+    # Sometimes we have a structure like [[...]] which is a single item list
+    # where the single item is itself it's own list. In that case we want skip
+    # the rest of this function so that we don't get extraneous () on the
+    # outside.
+    if (isinstance(marker, list) and len(marker) == 1 and
+            isinstance(marker[0], (list, tuple))):
+        return _format_marker(marker[0])
+
+    if isinstance(marker, list):
+        inner = (_format_marker(m, first=False) for m in marker)
+        if first:
+            return " ".join(inner)
+        else:
+            return "(" + " ".join(inner) + ")"
+    elif isinstance(marker, tuple):
+        return " ".join([m.serialize() for m in marker])
+    else:
+        return marker
+
+
+_operators = {
+    "in": lambda lhs, rhs: lhs in rhs,
+    "not in": lambda lhs, rhs: lhs not in rhs,
+    "<": operator.lt,
+    "<=": operator.le,
+    "==": operator.eq,
+    "!=": operator.ne,
+    ">=": operator.ge,
+    ">": operator.gt,
+}
+
+
+def _eval_op(lhs, op, rhs):
+    try:
+        spec = Specifier("".join([op.serialize(), rhs]))
+    except InvalidSpecifier:
+        pass
+    else:
+        return spec.contains(lhs)
+
+    oper = _operators.get(op.serialize())
+    if oper is None:
+        raise UndefinedComparison(
+            "Undefined {0!r} on {1!r} and {2!r}.".format(op, lhs, rhs)
+        )
+
+    return oper(lhs, rhs)
+
+
+_undefined = object()
+
+
+def _get_env(environment, name):
+    value = environment.get(name, _undefined)
+
+    if value is _undefined:
+        raise UndefinedEnvironmentName(
+            "{0!r} does not exist in evaluation environment.".format(name)
+        )
+
+    return value
+
+
+def _evaluate_markers(markers, environment):
+    groups = [[]]
+
+    for marker in markers:
+        assert isinstance(marker, (list, tuple, string_types))
+
+        if isinstance(marker, list):
+            groups[-1].append(_evaluate_markers(marker, environment))
+        elif isinstance(marker, tuple):
+            lhs, op, rhs = marker
+
+            if isinstance(lhs, Variable):
+                lhs_value = _get_env(environment, lhs.value)
+                rhs_value = rhs.value
+            else:
+                lhs_value = lhs.value
+                rhs_value = _get_env(environment, rhs.value)
+
+            groups[-1].append(_eval_op(lhs_value, op, rhs_value))
+        else:
+            assert marker in ["and", "or"]
+            if marker == "or":
+                groups.append([])
+
+    return any(all(item) for item in groups)
+
+
+def format_full_version(info):
+    version = '{0.major}.{0.minor}.{0.micro}'.format(info)
+    kind = info.releaselevel
+    if kind != 'final':
+        version += kind[0] + str(info.serial)
+    return version
+
+
+def default_environment():
+    if hasattr(sys, 'implementation'):
+        iver = format_full_version(sys.implementation.version)
+        implementation_name = sys.implementation.name
+    else:
+        iver = '0'
+        implementation_name = ''
+
+    return {
+        "implementation_name": implementation_name,
+        "implementation_version": iver,
+        "os_name": os.name,
+        "platform_machine": platform.machine(),
+        "platform_release": platform.release(),
+        "platform_system": platform.system(),
+        "platform_version": platform.version(),
+        "python_full_version": platform.python_version(),
+        "platform_python_implementation": platform.python_implementation(),
+        "python_version": platform.python_version()[:3],
+        "sys_platform": sys.platform,
+    }
+
+
+class Marker(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, marker):
+        try:
+            self._markers = _coerce_parse_result(MARKER.parseString(marker))
+        except ParseException as e:
+            err_str = "Invalid marker: {0!r}, parse error at {1!r}".format(
+                marker, marker[e.loc:e.loc + 8])
+            raise InvalidMarker(err_str)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return _format_marker(self._markers)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<Marker({0!r})>".format(str(self))
+
+    def evaluate(self, environment=None):
+        """Evaluate a marker.
+
+        Return the boolean from evaluating the given marker against the
+        environment. environment is an optional argument to override all or
+        part of the determined environment.
+
+        The environment is determined from the current Python process.
+        """
+        current_environment = default_environment()
+        if environment is not None:
+            current_environment.update(environment)
+
+        return _evaluate_markers(self._markers, current_environment)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c8c4a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import string
+import re
+
+from pkg_resources.extern.pyparsing import stringStart, stringEnd, originalTextFor, ParseException
+from pkg_resources.extern.pyparsing import ZeroOrMore, Word, Optional, Regex, Combine
+from pkg_resources.extern.pyparsing import Literal as L  # noqa
+from pkg_resources.extern.six.moves.urllib import parse as urlparse
+
+from .markers import MARKER_EXPR, Marker
+from .specifiers import LegacySpecifier, Specifier, SpecifierSet
+
+
+class InvalidRequirement(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid requirement was found, users should refer to PEP 508.
+    """
+
+
+ALPHANUM = Word(string.ascii_letters + string.digits)
+
+LBRACKET = L("[").suppress()
+RBRACKET = L("]").suppress()
+LPAREN = L("(").suppress()
+RPAREN = L(")").suppress()
+COMMA = L(",").suppress()
+SEMICOLON = L(";").suppress()
+AT = L("@").suppress()
+
+PUNCTUATION = Word("-_.")
+IDENTIFIER_END = ALPHANUM | (ZeroOrMore(PUNCTUATION) + ALPHANUM)
+IDENTIFIER = Combine(ALPHANUM + ZeroOrMore(IDENTIFIER_END))
+
+NAME = IDENTIFIER("name")
+EXTRA = IDENTIFIER
+
+URI = Regex(r'[^ ]+')("url")
+URL = (AT + URI)
+
+EXTRAS_LIST = EXTRA + ZeroOrMore(COMMA + EXTRA)
+EXTRAS = (LBRACKET + Optional(EXTRAS_LIST) + RBRACKET)("extras")
+
+VERSION_PEP440 = Regex(Specifier._regex_str, re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+VERSION_LEGACY = Regex(LegacySpecifier._regex_str, re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+VERSION_ONE = VERSION_PEP440 ^ VERSION_LEGACY
+VERSION_MANY = Combine(VERSION_ONE + ZeroOrMore(COMMA + VERSION_ONE),
+                       joinString=",", adjacent=False)("_raw_spec")
+_VERSION_SPEC = Optional(((LPAREN + VERSION_MANY + RPAREN) | VERSION_MANY))
+_VERSION_SPEC.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: t._raw_spec or '')
+
+VERSION_SPEC = originalTextFor(_VERSION_SPEC)("specifier")
+VERSION_SPEC.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: t[1])
+
+MARKER_EXPR = originalTextFor(MARKER_EXPR())("marker")
+MARKER_EXPR.setParseAction(
+    lambda s, l, t: Marker(s[t._original_start:t._original_end])
+)
+MARKER_SEPERATOR = SEMICOLON
+MARKER = MARKER_SEPERATOR + MARKER_EXPR
+
+VERSION_AND_MARKER = VERSION_SPEC + Optional(MARKER)
+URL_AND_MARKER = URL + Optional(MARKER)
+
+NAMED_REQUIREMENT = \
+    NAME + Optional(EXTRAS) + (URL_AND_MARKER | VERSION_AND_MARKER)
+
+REQUIREMENT = stringStart + NAMED_REQUIREMENT + stringEnd
+
+
+class Requirement(object):
+    """Parse a requirement.
+
+    Parse a given requirement string into its parts, such as name, specifier,
+    URL, and extras. Raises InvalidRequirement on a badly-formed requirement
+    string.
+    """
+
+    # TODO: Can we test whether something is contained within a requirement?
+    #       If so how do we do that? Do we need to test against the _name_ of
+    #       the thing as well as the version? What about the markers?
+    # TODO: Can we normalize the name and extra name?
+
+    def __init__(self, requirement_string):
+        try:
+            req = REQUIREMENT.parseString(requirement_string)
+        except ParseException as e:
+            raise InvalidRequirement(
+                "Invalid requirement, parse error at \"{0!r}\"".format(
+                    requirement_string[e.loc:e.loc + 8]))
+
+        self.name = req.name
+        if req.url:
+            parsed_url = urlparse.urlparse(req.url)
+            if not (parsed_url.scheme and parsed_url.netloc) or (
+                    not parsed_url.scheme and not parsed_url.netloc):
+                raise InvalidRequirement("Invalid URL given")
+            self.url = req.url
+        else:
+            self.url = None
+        self.extras = set(req.extras.asList() if req.extras else [])
+        self.specifier = SpecifierSet(req.specifier)
+        self.marker = req.marker if req.marker else None
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        parts = [self.name]
+
+        if self.extras:
+            parts.append("[{0}]".format(",".join(sorted(self.extras))))
+
+        if self.specifier:
+            parts.append(str(self.specifier))
+
+        if self.url:
+            parts.append("@ {0}".format(self.url))
+
+        if self.marker:
+            parts.append("; {0}".format(self.marker))
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<Requirement({0!r})>".format(str(self))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f5a76c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,774 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import abc
+import functools
+import itertools
+import re
+
+from ._compat import string_types, with_metaclass
+from .version import Version, LegacyVersion, parse
+
+
+class InvalidSpecifier(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid specifier was found, users should refer to PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+class BaseSpecifier(with_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta, object)):
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __str__(self):
+        """
+        Returns the str representation of this Specifier like object. This
+        should be representative of the Specifier itself.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __hash__(self):
+        """
+        Returns a hash value for this Specifier like object.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """
+        Returns a boolean representing whether or not the two Specifier like
+        objects are equal.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        """
+        Returns a boolean representing whether or not the two Specifier like
+        objects are not equal.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractproperty
+    def prereleases(self):
+        """
+        Returns whether or not pre-releases as a whole are allowed by this
+        specifier.
+        """
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value):
+        """
+        Sets whether or not pre-releases as a whole are allowed by this
+        specifier.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def contains(self, item, prereleases=None):
+        """
+        Determines if the given item is contained within this specifier.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def filter(self, iterable, prereleases=None):
+        """
+        Takes an iterable of items and filters them so that only items which
+        are contained within this specifier are allowed in it.
+        """
+
+
+class _IndividualSpecifier(BaseSpecifier):
+
+    _operators = {}
+
+    def __init__(self, spec="", prereleases=None):
+        match = self._regex.search(spec)
+        if not match:
+            raise InvalidSpecifier("Invalid specifier: '{0}'".format(spec))
+
+        self._spec = (
+            match.group("operator").strip(),
+            match.group("version").strip(),
+        )
+
+        # Store whether or not this Specifier should accept prereleases
+        self._prereleases = prereleases
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        pre = (
+            ", prereleases={0!r}".format(self.prereleases)
+            if self._prereleases is not None
+            else ""
+        )
+
+        return "<{0}({1!r}{2})>".format(
+            self.__class__.__name__,
+            str(self),
+            pre,
+        )
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "{0}{1}".format(*self._spec)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._spec)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, string_types):
+            try:
+                other = self.__class__(other)
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                return NotImplemented
+        elif not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._spec == other._spec
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, string_types):
+            try:
+                other = self.__class__(other)
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                return NotImplemented
+        elif not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._spec != other._spec
+
+    def _get_operator(self, op):
+        return getattr(self, "_compare_{0}".format(self._operators[op]))
+
+    def _coerce_version(self, version):
+        if not isinstance(version, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+            version = parse(version)
+        return version
+
+    @property
+    def operator(self):
+        return self._spec[0]
+
+    @property
+    def version(self):
+        return self._spec[1]
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self):
+        return self._prereleases
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value):
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item):
+        return self.contains(item)
+
+    def contains(self, item, prereleases=None):
+        # Determine if prereleases are to be allowed or not.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # Normalize item to a Version or LegacyVersion, this allows us to have
+        # a shortcut for ``"2.0" in Specifier(">=2")
+        item = self._coerce_version(item)
+
+        # Determine if we should be supporting prereleases in this specifier
+        # or not, if we do not support prereleases than we can short circuit
+        # logic if this version is a prereleases.
+        if item.is_prerelease and not prereleases:
+            return False
+
+        # Actually do the comparison to determine if this item is contained
+        # within this Specifier or not.
+        return self._get_operator(self.operator)(item, self.version)
+
+    def filter(self, iterable, prereleases=None):
+        yielded = False
+        found_prereleases = []
+
+        kw = {"prereleases": prereleases if prereleases is not None else True}
+
+        # Attempt to iterate over all the values in the iterable and if any of
+        # them match, yield them.
+        for version in iterable:
+            parsed_version = self._coerce_version(version)
+
+            if self.contains(parsed_version, **kw):
+                # If our version is a prerelease, and we were not set to allow
+                # prereleases, then we'll store it for later incase nothing
+                # else matches this specifier.
+                if (parsed_version.is_prerelease and not
+                        (prereleases or self.prereleases)):
+                    found_prereleases.append(version)
+                # Either this is not a prerelease, or we should have been
+                # accepting prereleases from the begining.
+                else:
+                    yielded = True
+                    yield version
+
+        # Now that we've iterated over everything, determine if we've yielded
+        # any values, and if we have not and we have any prereleases stored up
+        # then we will go ahead and yield the prereleases.
+        if not yielded and found_prereleases:
+            for version in found_prereleases:
+                yield version
+
+
+class LegacySpecifier(_IndividualSpecifier):
+
+    _regex_str = (
+        r"""
+        (?P<operator>(==|!=|<=|>=|<|>))
+        \s*
+        (?P<version>
+            [^,;\s)]* # Since this is a "legacy" specifier, and the version
+                      # string can be just about anything, we match everything
+                      # except for whitespace, a semi-colon for marker support,
+                      # a closing paren since versions can be enclosed in
+                      # them, and a comma since it's a version separator.
+        )
+        """
+    )
+
+    _regex = re.compile(
+        r"^\s*" + _regex_str + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    _operators = {
+        "==": "equal",
+        "!=": "not_equal",
+        "<=": "less_than_equal",
+        ">=": "greater_than_equal",
+        "<": "less_than",
+        ">": "greater_than",
+    }
+
+    def _coerce_version(self, version):
+        if not isinstance(version, LegacyVersion):
+            version = LegacyVersion(str(version))
+        return version
+
+    def _compare_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective == self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_not_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective != self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_less_than_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective <= self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_greater_than_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective >= self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_less_than(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective < self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_greater_than(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective > self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+
+def _require_version_compare(fn):
+    @functools.wraps(fn)
+    def wrapped(self, prospective, spec):
+        if not isinstance(prospective, Version):
+            return False
+        return fn(self, prospective, spec)
+    return wrapped
+
+
+class Specifier(_IndividualSpecifier):
+
+    _regex_str = (
+        r"""
+        (?P<operator>(~=|==|!=|<=|>=|<|>|===))
+        (?P<version>
+            (?:
+                # The identity operators allow for an escape hatch that will
+                # do an exact string match of the version you wish to install.
+                # This will not be parsed by PEP 440 and we cannot determine
+                # any semantic meaning from it. This operator is discouraged
+                # but included entirely as an escape hatch.
+                (?<====)  # Only match for the identity operator
+                \s*
+                [^\s]*    # We just match everything, except for whitespace
+                          # since we are only testing for strict identity.
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # The (non)equality operators allow for wild card and local
+                # versions to be specified so we have to define these two
+                # operators separately to enable that.
+                (?<===|!=)            # Only match for equals and not equals
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*   # release
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+
+                # You cannot use a wild card and a dev or local version
+                # together so group them with a | and make them optional.
+                (?:
+                    (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?         # dev release
+                    (?:\+[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*)? # local
+                    |
+                    \.\*  # Wild card syntax of .*
+                )?
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # The compatible operator requires at least two digits in the
+                # release segment.
+                (?<=~=)               # Only match for the compatible operator
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)+   # release  (We have a + instead of a *)
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+                (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?          # dev release
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # All other operators only allow a sub set of what the
+                # (non)equality operators do. Specifically they do not allow
+                # local versions to be specified nor do they allow the prefix
+                # matching wild cards.
+                (?<!==|!=|~=)         # We have special cases for these
+                                      # operators so we want to make sure they
+                                      # don't match here.
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*   # release
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+                (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?          # dev release
+            )
+        )
+        """
+    )
+
+    _regex = re.compile(
+        r"^\s*" + _regex_str + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    _operators = {
+        "~=": "compatible",
+        "==": "equal",
+        "!=": "not_equal",
+        "<=": "less_than_equal",
+        ">=": "greater_than_equal",
+        "<": "less_than",
+        ">": "greater_than",
+        "===": "arbitrary",
+    }
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_compatible(self, prospective, spec):
+        # Compatible releases have an equivalent combination of >= and ==. That
+        # is that ~=2.2 is equivalent to >=2.2,==2.*. This allows us to
+        # implement this in terms of the other specifiers instead of
+        # implementing it ourselves. The only thing we need to do is construct
+        # the other specifiers.
+
+        # We want everything but the last item in the version, but we want to
+        # ignore post and dev releases and we want to treat the pre-release as
+        # it's own separate segment.
+        prefix = ".".join(
+            list(
+                itertools.takewhile(
+                    lambda x: (not x.startswith("post") and not
+                               x.startswith("dev")),
+                    _version_split(spec),
+                )
+            )[:-1]
+        )
+
+        # Add the prefix notation to the end of our string
+        prefix += ".*"
+
+        return (self._get_operator(">=")(prospective, spec) and
+                self._get_operator("==")(prospective, prefix))
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        # We need special logic to handle prefix matching
+        if spec.endswith(".*"):
+            # In the case of prefix matching we want to ignore local segment.
+            prospective = Version(prospective.public)
+            # Split the spec out by dots, and pretend that there is an implicit
+            # dot in between a release segment and a pre-release segment.
+            spec = _version_split(spec[:-2])  # Remove the trailing .*
+
+            # Split the prospective version out by dots, and pretend that there
+            # is an implicit dot in between a release segment and a pre-release
+            # segment.
+            prospective = _version_split(str(prospective))
+
+            # Shorten the prospective version to be the same length as the spec
+            # so that we can determine if the specifier is a prefix of the
+            # prospective version or not.
+            prospective = prospective[:len(spec)]
+
+            # Pad out our two sides with zeros so that they both equal the same
+            # length.
+            spec, prospective = _pad_version(spec, prospective)
+        else:
+            # Convert our spec string into a Version
+            spec = Version(spec)
+
+            # If the specifier does not have a local segment, then we want to
+            # act as if the prospective version also does not have a local
+            # segment.
+            if not spec.local:
+                prospective = Version(prospective.public)
+
+        return prospective == spec
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_not_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return not self._compare_equal(prospective, spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_less_than_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective <= Version(spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_greater_than_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective >= Version(spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_less_than(self, prospective, spec):
+        # Convert our spec to a Version instance, since we'll want to work with
+        # it as a version.
+        spec = Version(spec)
+
+        # Check to see if the prospective version is less than the spec
+        # version. If it's not we can short circuit and just return False now
+        # instead of doing extra unneeded work.
+        if not prospective < spec:
+            return False
+
+        # This special case is here so that, unless the specifier itself
+        # includes is a pre-release version, that we do not accept pre-release
+        # versions for the version mentioned in the specifier (e.g. <3.1 should
+        # not match 3.1.dev0, but should match 3.0.dev0).
+        if not spec.is_prerelease and prospective.is_prerelease:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # If we've gotten to here, it means that prospective version is both
+        # less than the spec version *and* it's not a pre-release of the same
+        # version in the spec.
+        return True
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_greater_than(self, prospective, spec):
+        # Convert our spec to a Version instance, since we'll want to work with
+        # it as a version.
+        spec = Version(spec)
+
+        # Check to see if the prospective version is greater than the spec
+        # version. If it's not we can short circuit and just return False now
+        # instead of doing extra unneeded work.
+        if not prospective > spec:
+            return False
+
+        # This special case is here so that, unless the specifier itself
+        # includes is a post-release version, that we do not accept
+        # post-release versions for the version mentioned in the specifier
+        # (e.g. >3.1 should not match 3.0.post0, but should match 3.2.post0).
+        if not spec.is_postrelease and prospective.is_postrelease:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # Ensure that we do not allow a local version of the version mentioned
+        # in the specifier, which is techincally greater than, to match.
+        if prospective.local is not None:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # If we've gotten to here, it means that prospective version is both
+        # greater than the spec version *and* it's not a pre-release of the
+        # same version in the spec.
+        return True
+
+    def _compare_arbitrary(self, prospective, spec):
+        return str(prospective).lower() == str(spec).lower()
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self):
+        # If there is an explicit prereleases set for this, then we'll just
+        # blindly use that.
+        if self._prereleases is not None:
+            return self._prereleases
+
+        # Look at all of our specifiers and determine if they are inclusive
+        # operators, and if they are if they are including an explicit
+        # prerelease.
+        operator, version = self._spec
+        if operator in ["==", ">=", "<=", "~=", "==="]:
+            # The == specifier can include a trailing .*, if it does we
+            # want to remove before parsing.
+            if operator == "==" and version.endswith(".*"):
+                version = version[:-2]
+
+            # Parse the version, and if it is a pre-release than this
+            # specifier allows pre-releases.
+            if parse(version).is_prerelease:
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value):
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+
+_prefix_regex = re.compile(r"^([0-9]+)((?:a|b|c|rc)[0-9]+)$")
+
+
+def _version_split(version):
+    result = []
+    for item in version.split("."):
+        match = _prefix_regex.search(item)
+        if match:
+            result.extend(match.groups())
+        else:
+            result.append(item)
+    return result
+
+
+def _pad_version(left, right):
+    left_split, right_split = [], []
+
+    # Get the release segment of our versions
+    left_split.append(list(itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x.isdigit(), left)))
+    right_split.append(list(itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x.isdigit(), right)))
+
+    # Get the rest of our versions
+    left_split.append(left[len(left_split[0]):])
+    right_split.append(right[len(right_split[0]):])
+
+    # Insert our padding
+    left_split.insert(
+        1,
+        ["0"] * max(0, len(right_split[0]) - len(left_split[0])),
+    )
+    right_split.insert(
+        1,
+        ["0"] * max(0, len(left_split[0]) - len(right_split[0])),
+    )
+
+    return (
+        list(itertools.chain(*left_split)),
+        list(itertools.chain(*right_split)),
+    )
+
+
+class SpecifierSet(BaseSpecifier):
+
+    def __init__(self, specifiers="", prereleases=None):
+        # Split on , to break each indidivual specifier into it's own item, and
+        # strip each item to remove leading/trailing whitespace.
+        specifiers = [s.strip() for s in specifiers.split(",") if s.strip()]
+
+        # Parsed each individual specifier, attempting first to make it a
+        # Specifier and falling back to a LegacySpecifier.
+        parsed = set()
+        for specifier in specifiers:
+            try:
+                parsed.add(Specifier(specifier))
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                parsed.add(LegacySpecifier(specifier))
+
+        # Turn our parsed specifiers into a frozen set and save them for later.
+        self._specs = frozenset(parsed)
+
+        # Store our prereleases value so we can use it later to determine if
+        # we accept prereleases or not.
+        self._prereleases = prereleases
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        pre = (
+            ", prereleases={0!r}".format(self.prereleases)
+            if self._prereleases is not None
+            else ""
+        )
+
+        return "<SpecifierSet({0!r}{1})>".format(str(self), pre)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ",".join(sorted(str(s) for s in self._specs))
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._specs)
+
+    def __and__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, string_types):
+            other = SpecifierSet(other)
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        specifier = SpecifierSet()
+        specifier._specs = frozenset(self._specs | other._specs)
+
+        if self._prereleases is None and other._prereleases is not None:
+            specifier._prereleases = other._prereleases
+        elif self._prereleases is not None and other._prereleases is None:
+            specifier._prereleases = self._prereleases
+        elif self._prereleases == other._prereleases:
+            specifier._prereleases = self._prereleases
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Cannot combine SpecifierSets with True and False prerelease "
+                "overrides."
+            )
+
+        return specifier
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, string_types):
+            other = SpecifierSet(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, _IndividualSpecifier):
+            other = SpecifierSet(str(other))
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._specs == other._specs
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, string_types):
+            other = SpecifierSet(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, _IndividualSpecifier):
+            other = SpecifierSet(str(other))
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._specs != other._specs
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._specs)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._specs)
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self):
+        # If we have been given an explicit prerelease modifier, then we'll
+        # pass that through here.
+        if self._prereleases is not None:
+            return self._prereleases
+
+        # If we don't have any specifiers, and we don't have a forced value,
+        # then we'll just return None since we don't know if this should have
+        # pre-releases or not.
+        if not self._specs:
+            return None
+
+        # Otherwise we'll see if any of the given specifiers accept
+        # prereleases, if any of them do we'll return True, otherwise False.
+        return any(s.prereleases for s in self._specs)
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value):
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item):
+        return self.contains(item)
+
+    def contains(self, item, prereleases=None):
+        # Ensure that our item is a Version or LegacyVersion instance.
+        if not isinstance(item, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+            item = parse(item)
+
+        # Determine if we're forcing a prerelease or not, if we're not forcing
+        # one for this particular filter call, then we'll use whatever the
+        # SpecifierSet thinks for whether or not we should support prereleases.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # We can determine if we're going to allow pre-releases by looking to
+        # see if any of the underlying items supports them. If none of them do
+        # and this item is a pre-release then we do not allow it and we can
+        # short circuit that here.
+        # Note: This means that 1.0.dev1 would not be contained in something
+        #       like >=1.0.devabc however it would be in >=1.0.debabc,>0.0.dev0
+        if not prereleases and item.is_prerelease:
+            return False
+
+        # We simply dispatch to the underlying specs here to make sure that the
+        # given version is contained within all of them.
+        # Note: This use of all() here means that an empty set of specifiers
+        #       will always return True, this is an explicit design decision.
+        return all(
+            s.contains(item, prereleases=prereleases)
+            for s in self._specs
+        )
+
+    def filter(self, iterable, prereleases=None):
+        # Determine if we're forcing a prerelease or not, if we're not forcing
+        # one for this particular filter call, then we'll use whatever the
+        # SpecifierSet thinks for whether or not we should support prereleases.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # If we have any specifiers, then we want to wrap our iterable in the
+        # filter method for each one, this will act as a logical AND amongst
+        # each specifier.
+        if self._specs:
+            for spec in self._specs:
+                iterable = spec.filter(iterable, prereleases=bool(prereleases))
+            return iterable
+        # If we do not have any specifiers, then we need to have a rough filter
+        # which will filter out any pre-releases, unless there are no final
+        # releases, and which will filter out LegacyVersion in general.
+        else:
+            filtered = []
+            found_prereleases = []
+
+            for item in iterable:
+                # Ensure that we some kind of Version class for this item.
+                if not isinstance(item, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+                    parsed_version = parse(item)
+                else:
+                    parsed_version = item
+
+                # Filter out any item which is parsed as a LegacyVersion
+                if isinstance(parsed_version, LegacyVersion):
+                    continue
+
+                # Store any item which is a pre-release for later unless we've
+                # already found a final version or we are accepting prereleases
+                if parsed_version.is_prerelease and not prereleases:
+                    if not filtered:
+                        found_prereleases.append(item)
+                else:
+                    filtered.append(item)
+
+            # If we've found no items except for pre-releases, then we'll go
+            # ahead and use the pre-releases
+            if not filtered and found_prereleases and prereleases is None:
+                return found_prereleases
+
+            return filtered
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/utils.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..942387c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import re
+
+
+_canonicalize_regex = re.compile(r"[-_.]+")
+
+
+def canonicalize_name(name):
+    # This is taken from PEP 503.
+    return _canonicalize_regex.sub("-", name).lower()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/version.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83b5ee8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/packaging/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import collections
+import itertools
+import re
+
+from ._structures import Infinity
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "parse", "Version", "LegacyVersion", "InvalidVersion", "VERSION_PATTERN"
+]
+
+
+_Version = collections.namedtuple(
+    "_Version",
+    ["epoch", "release", "dev", "pre", "post", "local"],
+)
+
+
+def parse(version):
+    """
+    Parse the given version string and return either a :class:`Version` object
+    or a :class:`LegacyVersion` object depending on if the given version is
+    a valid PEP 440 version or a legacy version.
+    """
+    try:
+        return Version(version)
+    except InvalidVersion:
+        return LegacyVersion(version)
+
+
+class InvalidVersion(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid version was found, users should refer to PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+class _BaseVersion(object):
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._key)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s < o)
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s <= o)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s == o)
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s >= o)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s > o)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s != o)
+
+    def _compare(self, other, method):
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return method(self._key, other._key)
+
+
+class LegacyVersion(_BaseVersion):
+
+    def __init__(self, version):
+        self._version = str(version)
+        self._key = _legacy_cmpkey(self._version)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self._version
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<LegacyVersion({0})>".format(repr(str(self)))
+
+    @property
+    def public(self):
+        return self._version
+
+    @property
+    def base_version(self):
+        return self._version
+
+    @property
+    def local(self):
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self):
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def is_postrelease(self):
+        return False
+
+
+_legacy_version_component_re = re.compile(
+    r"(\d+ | [a-z]+ | \.| -)", re.VERBOSE,
+)
+
+_legacy_version_replacement_map = {
+    "pre": "c", "preview": "c", "-": "final-", "rc": "c", "dev": "@",
+}
+
+
+def _parse_version_parts(s):
+    for part in _legacy_version_component_re.split(s):
+        part = _legacy_version_replacement_map.get(part, part)
+
+        if not part or part == ".":
+            continue
+
+        if part[:1] in "0123456789":
+            # pad for numeric comparison
+            yield part.zfill(8)
+        else:
+            yield "*" + part
+
+    # ensure that alpha/beta/candidate are before final
+    yield "*final"
+
+
+def _legacy_cmpkey(version):
+    # We hardcode an epoch of -1 here. A PEP 440 version can only have a epoch
+    # greater than or equal to 0. This will effectively put the LegacyVersion,
+    # which uses the defacto standard originally implemented by setuptools,
+    # as before all PEP 440 versions.
+    epoch = -1
+
+    # This scheme is taken from pkg_resources.parse_version setuptools prior to
+    # it's adoption of the packaging library.
+    parts = []
+    for part in _parse_version_parts(version.lower()):
+        if part.startswith("*"):
+            # remove "-" before a prerelease tag
+            if part < "*final":
+                while parts and parts[-1] == "*final-":
+                    parts.pop()
+
+            # remove trailing zeros from each series of numeric parts
+            while parts and parts[-1] == "00000000":
+                parts.pop()
+
+        parts.append(part)
+    parts = tuple(parts)
+
+    return epoch, parts
+
+# Deliberately not anchored to the start and end of the string, to make it
+# easier for 3rd party code to reuse
+VERSION_PATTERN = r"""
+    v?
+    (?:
+        (?:(?P<epoch>[0-9]+)!)?                           # epoch
+        (?P<release>[0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*)                  # release segment
+        (?P<pre>                                          # pre-release
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<pre_l>(a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview))
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<pre_n>[0-9]+)?
+        )?
+        (?P<post>                                         # post release
+            (?:-(?P<post_n1>[0-9]+))
+            |
+            (?:
+                [-_\.]?
+                (?P<post_l>post|rev|r)
+                [-_\.]?
+                (?P<post_n2>[0-9]+)?
+            )
+        )?
+        (?P<dev>                                          # dev release
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<dev_l>dev)
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<dev_n>[0-9]+)?
+        )?
+    )
+    (?:\+(?P<local>[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*))?       # local version
+"""
+
+
+class Version(_BaseVersion):
+
+    _regex = re.compile(
+        r"^\s*" + VERSION_PATTERN + r"\s*$",
+        re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE,
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, version):
+        # Validate the version and parse it into pieces
+        match = self._regex.search(version)
+        if not match:
+            raise InvalidVersion("Invalid version: '{0}'".format(version))
+
+        # Store the parsed out pieces of the version
+        self._version = _Version(
+            epoch=int(match.group("epoch")) if match.group("epoch") else 0,
+            release=tuple(int(i) for i in match.group("release").split(".")),
+            pre=_parse_letter_version(
+                match.group("pre_l"),
+                match.group("pre_n"),
+            ),
+            post=_parse_letter_version(
+                match.group("post_l"),
+                match.group("post_n1") or match.group("post_n2"),
+            ),
+            dev=_parse_letter_version(
+                match.group("dev_l"),
+                match.group("dev_n"),
+            ),
+            local=_parse_local_version(match.group("local")),
+        )
+
+        # Generate a key which will be used for sorting
+        self._key = _cmpkey(
+            self._version.epoch,
+            self._version.release,
+            self._version.pre,
+            self._version.post,
+            self._version.dev,
+            self._version.local,
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<Version({0})>".format(repr(str(self)))
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        parts = []
+
+        # Epoch
+        if self._version.epoch != 0:
+            parts.append("{0}!".format(self._version.epoch))
+
+        # Release segment
+        parts.append(".".join(str(x) for x in self._version.release))
+
+        # Pre-release
+        if self._version.pre is not None:
+            parts.append("".join(str(x) for x in self._version.pre))
+
+        # Post-release
+        if self._version.post is not None:
+            parts.append(".post{0}".format(self._version.post[1]))
+
+        # Development release
+        if self._version.dev is not None:
+            parts.append(".dev{0}".format(self._version.dev[1]))
+
+        # Local version segment
+        if self._version.local is not None:
+            parts.append(
+                "+{0}".format(".".join(str(x) for x in self._version.local))
+            )
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    @property
+    def public(self):
+        return str(self).split("+", 1)[0]
+
+    @property
+    def base_version(self):
+        parts = []
+
+        # Epoch
+        if self._version.epoch != 0:
+            parts.append("{0}!".format(self._version.epoch))
+
+        # Release segment
+        parts.append(".".join(str(x) for x in self._version.release))
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    @property
+    def local(self):
+        version_string = str(self)
+        if "+" in version_string:
+            return version_string.split("+", 1)[1]
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self):
+        return bool(self._version.dev or self._version.pre)
+
+    @property
+    def is_postrelease(self):
+        return bool(self._version.post)
+
+
+def _parse_letter_version(letter, number):
+    if letter:
+        # We consider there to be an implicit 0 in a pre-release if there is
+        # not a numeral associated with it.
+        if number is None:
+            number = 0
+
+        # We normalize any letters to their lower case form
+        letter = letter.lower()
+
+        # We consider some words to be alternate spellings of other words and
+        # in those cases we want to normalize the spellings to our preferred
+        # spelling.
+        if letter == "alpha":
+            letter = "a"
+        elif letter == "beta":
+            letter = "b"
+        elif letter in ["c", "pre", "preview"]:
+            letter = "rc"
+        elif letter in ["rev", "r"]:
+            letter = "post"
+
+        return letter, int(number)
+    if not letter and number:
+        # We assume if we are given a number, but we are not given a letter
+        # then this is using the implicit post release syntax (e.g. 1.0-1)
+        letter = "post"
+
+        return letter, int(number)
+
+
+_local_version_seperators = re.compile(r"[\._-]")
+
+
+def _parse_local_version(local):
+    """
+    Takes a string like abc.1.twelve and turns it into ("abc", 1, "twelve").
+    """
+    if local is not None:
+        return tuple(
+            part.lower() if not part.isdigit() else int(part)
+            for part in _local_version_seperators.split(local)
+        )
+
+
+def _cmpkey(epoch, release, pre, post, dev, local):
+    # When we compare a release version, we want to compare it with all of the
+    # trailing zeros removed. So we'll use a reverse the list, drop all the now
+    # leading zeros until we come to something non zero, then take the rest
+    # re-reverse it back into the correct order and make it a tuple and use
+    # that for our sorting key.
+    release = tuple(
+        reversed(list(
+            itertools.dropwhile(
+                lambda x: x == 0,
+                reversed(release),
+            )
+        ))
+    )
+
+    # We need to "trick" the sorting algorithm to put 1.0.dev0 before 1.0a0.
+    # We'll do this by abusing the pre segment, but we _only_ want to do this
+    # if there is not a pre or a post segment. If we have one of those then
+    # the normal sorting rules will handle this case correctly.
+    if pre is None and post is None and dev is not None:
+        pre = -Infinity
+    # Versions without a pre-release (except as noted above) should sort after
+    # those with one.
+    elif pre is None:
+        pre = Infinity
+
+    # Versions without a post segment should sort before those with one.
+    if post is None:
+        post = -Infinity
+
+    # Versions without a development segment should sort after those with one.
+    if dev is None:
+        dev = Infinity
+
+    if local is None:
+        # Versions without a local segment should sort before those with one.
+        local = -Infinity
+    else:
+        # Versions with a local segment need that segment parsed to implement
+        # the sorting rules in PEP440.
+        # - Alpha numeric segments sort before numeric segments
+        # - Alpha numeric segments sort lexicographically
+        # - Numeric segments sort numerically
+        # - Shorter versions sort before longer versions when the prefixes
+        #   match exactly
+        local = tuple(
+            (i, "") if isinstance(i, int) else (-Infinity, i)
+            for i in local
+        )
+
+    return epoch, release, pre, post, dev, local
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/pyparsing.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/pyparsing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf75e1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/pyparsing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5742 @@
+# module pyparsing.py
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2003-2018  Paul T. McGuire
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+# the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+# CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+# TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+# SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#
+
+__doc__ = \
+"""
+pyparsing module - Classes and methods to define and execute parsing grammars
+=============================================================================
+
+The pyparsing module is an alternative approach to creating and executing simple grammars,
+vs. the traditional lex/yacc approach, or the use of regular expressions.  With pyparsing, you
+don't need to learn a new syntax for defining grammars or matching expressions - the parsing module
+provides a library of classes that you use to construct the grammar directly in Python.
+
+Here is a program to parse "Hello, World!" (or any greeting of the form 
+C{"<salutation>, <addressee>!"}), built up using L{Word}, L{Literal}, and L{And} elements 
+(L{'+'<ParserElement.__add__>} operator gives L{And} expressions, strings are auto-converted to
+L{Literal} expressions)::
+
+    from pyparsing import Word, alphas
+
+    # define grammar of a greeting
+    greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
+
+    hello = "Hello, World!"
+    print (hello, "->", greet.parseString(hello))
+
+The program outputs the following::
+
+    Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
+
+The Python representation of the grammar is quite readable, owing to the self-explanatory
+class names, and the use of '+', '|' and '^' operators.
+
+The L{ParseResults} object returned from L{ParserElement.parseString<ParserElement.parseString>} can be accessed as a nested list, a dictionary, or an
+object with named attributes.
+
+The pyparsing module handles some of the problems that are typically vexing when writing text parsers:
+ - extra or missing whitespace (the above program will also handle "Hello,World!", "Hello  ,  World  !", etc.)
+ - quoted strings
+ - embedded comments
+
+
+Getting Started -
+-----------------
+Visit the classes L{ParserElement} and L{ParseResults} to see the base classes that most other pyparsing
+classes inherit from. Use the docstrings for examples of how to:
+ - construct literal match expressions from L{Literal} and L{CaselessLiteral} classes
+ - construct character word-group expressions using the L{Word} class
+ - see how to create repetitive expressions using L{ZeroOrMore} and L{OneOrMore} classes
+ - use L{'+'<And>}, L{'|'<MatchFirst>}, L{'^'<Or>}, and L{'&'<Each>} operators to combine simple expressions into more complex ones
+ - associate names with your parsed results using L{ParserElement.setResultsName}
+ - find some helpful expression short-cuts like L{delimitedList} and L{oneOf}
+ - find more useful common expressions in the L{pyparsing_common} namespace class
+"""
+
+__version__ = "2.2.1"
+__versionTime__ = "18 Sep 2018 00:49 UTC"
+__author__ = "Paul McGuire <ptmcg@users.sourceforge.net>"
+
+import string
+from weakref import ref as wkref
+import copy
+import sys
+import warnings
+import re
+import sre_constants
+import collections
+import pprint
+import traceback
+import types
+from datetime import datetime
+
+try:
+    from _thread import RLock
+except ImportError:
+    from threading import RLock
+
+try:
+    # Python 3
+    from collections.abc import Iterable
+    from collections.abc import MutableMapping
+except ImportError:
+    # Python 2.7
+    from collections import Iterable
+    from collections import MutableMapping
+
+try:
+    from collections import OrderedDict as _OrderedDict
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from ordereddict import OrderedDict as _OrderedDict
+    except ImportError:
+        _OrderedDict = None
+
+#~ sys.stderr.write( "testing pyparsing module, version %s, %s\n" % (__version__,__versionTime__ ) )
+
+__all__ = [
+'And', 'CaselessKeyword', 'CaselessLiteral', 'CharsNotIn', 'Combine', 'Dict', 'Each', 'Empty',
+'FollowedBy', 'Forward', 'GoToColumn', 'Group', 'Keyword', 'LineEnd', 'LineStart', 'Literal',
+'MatchFirst', 'NoMatch', 'NotAny', 'OneOrMore', 'OnlyOnce', 'Optional', 'Or',
+'ParseBaseException', 'ParseElementEnhance', 'ParseException', 'ParseExpression', 'ParseFatalException',
+'ParseResults', 'ParseSyntaxException', 'ParserElement', 'QuotedString', 'RecursiveGrammarException',
+'Regex', 'SkipTo', 'StringEnd', 'StringStart', 'Suppress', 'Token', 'TokenConverter', 
+'White', 'Word', 'WordEnd', 'WordStart', 'ZeroOrMore',
+'alphanums', 'alphas', 'alphas8bit', 'anyCloseTag', 'anyOpenTag', 'cStyleComment', 'col',
+'commaSeparatedList', 'commonHTMLEntity', 'countedArray', 'cppStyleComment', 'dblQuotedString',
+'dblSlashComment', 'delimitedList', 'dictOf', 'downcaseTokens', 'empty', 'hexnums',
+'htmlComment', 'javaStyleComment', 'line', 'lineEnd', 'lineStart', 'lineno',
+'makeHTMLTags', 'makeXMLTags', 'matchOnlyAtCol', 'matchPreviousExpr', 'matchPreviousLiteral',
+'nestedExpr', 'nullDebugAction', 'nums', 'oneOf', 'opAssoc', 'operatorPrecedence', 'printables',
+'punc8bit', 'pythonStyleComment', 'quotedString', 'removeQuotes', 'replaceHTMLEntity', 
+'replaceWith', 'restOfLine', 'sglQuotedString', 'srange', 'stringEnd',
+'stringStart', 'traceParseAction', 'unicodeString', 'upcaseTokens', 'withAttribute',
+'indentedBlock', 'originalTextFor', 'ungroup', 'infixNotation','locatedExpr', 'withClass',
+'CloseMatch', 'tokenMap', 'pyparsing_common',
+]
+
+system_version = tuple(sys.version_info)[:3]
+PY_3 = system_version[0] == 3
+if PY_3:
+    _MAX_INT = sys.maxsize
+    basestring = str
+    unichr = chr
+    _ustr = str
+
+    # build list of single arg builtins, that can be used as parse actions
+    singleArgBuiltins = [sum, len, sorted, reversed, list, tuple, set, any, all, min, max]
+
+else:
+    _MAX_INT = sys.maxint
+    range = xrange
+
+    def _ustr(obj):
+        """Drop-in replacement for str(obj) that tries to be Unicode friendly. It first tries
+           str(obj). If that fails with a UnicodeEncodeError, then it tries unicode(obj). It
+           then < returns the unicode object | encodes it with the default encoding | ... >.
+        """
+        if isinstance(obj,unicode):
+            return obj
+
+        try:
+            # If this works, then _ustr(obj) has the same behaviour as str(obj), so
+            # it won't break any existing code.
+            return str(obj)
+
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            # Else encode it
+            ret = unicode(obj).encode(sys.getdefaultencoding(), 'xmlcharrefreplace')
+            xmlcharref = Regex(r'&#\d+;')
+            xmlcharref.setParseAction(lambda t: '\\u' + hex(int(t[0][2:-1]))[2:])
+            return xmlcharref.transformString(ret)
+
+    # build list of single arg builtins, tolerant of Python version, that can be used as parse actions
+    singleArgBuiltins = []
+    import __builtin__
+    for fname in "sum len sorted reversed list tuple set any all min max".split():
+        try:
+            singleArgBuiltins.append(getattr(__builtin__,fname))
+        except AttributeError:
+            continue
+            
+_generatorType = type((y for y in range(1)))
+ 
+def _xml_escape(data):
+    """Escape &, <, >, ", ', etc. in a string of data."""
+
+    # ampersand must be replaced first
+    from_symbols = '&><"\''
+    to_symbols = ('&'+s+';' for s in "amp gt lt quot apos".split())
+    for from_,to_ in zip(from_symbols, to_symbols):
+        data = data.replace(from_, to_)
+    return data
+
+class _Constants(object):
+    pass
+
+alphas     = string.ascii_uppercase + string.ascii_lowercase
+nums       = "0123456789"
+hexnums    = nums + "ABCDEFabcdef"
+alphanums  = alphas + nums
+_bslash    = chr(92)
+printables = "".join(c for c in string.printable if c not in string.whitespace)
+
+class ParseBaseException(Exception):
+    """base exception class for all parsing runtime exceptions"""
+    # Performance tuning: we construct a *lot* of these, so keep this
+    # constructor as small and fast as possible
+    def __init__( self, pstr, loc=0, msg=None, elem=None ):
+        self.loc = loc
+        if msg is None:
+            self.msg = pstr
+            self.pstr = ""
+        else:
+            self.msg = msg
+            self.pstr = pstr
+        self.parserElement = elem
+        self.args = (pstr, loc, msg)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_exception(cls, pe):
+        """
+        internal factory method to simplify creating one type of ParseException 
+        from another - avoids having __init__ signature conflicts among subclasses
+        """
+        return cls(pe.pstr, pe.loc, pe.msg, pe.parserElement)
+
+    def __getattr__( self, aname ):
+        """supported attributes by name are:
+            - lineno - returns the line number of the exception text
+            - col - returns the column number of the exception text
+            - line - returns the line containing the exception text
+        """
+        if( aname == "lineno" ):
+            return lineno( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        elif( aname in ("col", "column") ):
+            return col( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        elif( aname == "line" ):
+            return line( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        else:
+            raise AttributeError(aname)
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "%s (at char %d), (line:%d, col:%d)" % \
+                ( self.msg, self.loc, self.lineno, self.column )
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return _ustr(self)
+    def markInputline( self, markerString = ">!<" ):
+        """Extracts the exception line from the input string, and marks
+           the location of the exception with a special symbol.
+        """
+        line_str = self.line
+        line_column = self.column - 1
+        if markerString:
+            line_str = "".join((line_str[:line_column],
+                                markerString, line_str[line_column:]))
+        return line_str.strip()
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return "lineno col line".split() + dir(type(self))
+
+class ParseException(ParseBaseException):
+    """
+    Exception thrown when parse expressions don't match class;
+    supported attributes by name are:
+     - lineno - returns the line number of the exception text
+     - col - returns the column number of the exception text
+     - line - returns the line containing the exception text
+        
+    Example::
+        try:
+            Word(nums).setName("integer").parseString("ABC")
+        except ParseException as pe:
+            print(pe)
+            print("column: {}".format(pe.col))
+            
+    prints::
+       Expected integer (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        column: 1
+    """
+    pass
+
+class ParseFatalException(ParseBaseException):
+    """user-throwable exception thrown when inconsistent parse content
+       is found; stops all parsing immediately"""
+    pass
+
+class ParseSyntaxException(ParseFatalException):
+    """just like L{ParseFatalException}, but thrown internally when an
+       L{ErrorStop<And._ErrorStop>} ('-' operator) indicates that parsing is to stop 
+       immediately because an unbacktrackable syntax error has been found"""
+    pass
+
+#~ class ReparseException(ParseBaseException):
+    #~ """Experimental class - parse actions can raise this exception to cause
+       #~ pyparsing to reparse the input string:
+        #~ - with a modified input string, and/or
+        #~ - with a modified start location
+       #~ Set the values of the ReparseException in the constructor, and raise the
+       #~ exception in a parse action to cause pyparsing to use the new string/location.
+       #~ Setting the values as None causes no change to be made.
+       #~ """
+    #~ def __init_( self, newstring, restartLoc ):
+        #~ self.newParseText = newstring
+        #~ self.reparseLoc = restartLoc
+
+class RecursiveGrammarException(Exception):
+    """exception thrown by L{ParserElement.validate} if the grammar could be improperly recursive"""
+    def __init__( self, parseElementList ):
+        self.parseElementTrace = parseElementList
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "RecursiveGrammarException: %s" % self.parseElementTrace
+
+class _ParseResultsWithOffset(object):
+    def __init__(self,p1,p2):
+        self.tup = (p1,p2)
+    def __getitem__(self,i):
+        return self.tup[i]
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return repr(self.tup[0])
+    def setOffset(self,i):
+        self.tup = (self.tup[0],i)
+
+class ParseResults(object):
+    """
+    Structured parse results, to provide multiple means of access to the parsed data:
+       - as a list (C{len(results)})
+       - by list index (C{results[0], results[1]}, etc.)
+       - by attribute (C{results.<resultsName>} - see L{ParserElement.setResultsName})
+
+    Example::
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        date_str = (integer.setResultsName("year") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("month") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("day"))
+        # equivalent form:
+        # date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+
+        # parseString returns a ParseResults object
+        result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")
+
+        def test(s, fn=repr):
+            print("%s -> %s" % (s, fn(eval(s))))
+        test("list(result)")
+        test("result[0]")
+        test("result['month']")
+        test("result.day")
+        test("'month' in result")
+        test("'minutes' in result")
+        test("result.dump()", str)
+    prints::
+        list(result) -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+        result[0] -> '1999'
+        result['month'] -> '12'
+        result.day -> '31'
+        'month' in result -> True
+        'minutes' in result -> False
+        result.dump() -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+        - day: 31
+        - month: 12
+        - year: 1999
+    """
+    def __new__(cls, toklist=None, name=None, asList=True, modal=True ):
+        if isinstance(toklist, cls):
+            return toklist
+        retobj = object.__new__(cls)
+        retobj.__doinit = True
+        return retobj
+
+    # Performance tuning: we construct a *lot* of these, so keep this
+    # constructor as small and fast as possible
+    def __init__( self, toklist=None, name=None, asList=True, modal=True, isinstance=isinstance ):
+        if self.__doinit:
+            self.__doinit = False
+            self.__name = None
+            self.__parent = None
+            self.__accumNames = {}
+            self.__asList = asList
+            self.__modal = modal
+            if toklist is None:
+                toklist = []
+            if isinstance(toklist, list):
+                self.__toklist = toklist[:]
+            elif isinstance(toklist, _generatorType):
+                self.__toklist = list(toklist)
+            else:
+                self.__toklist = [toklist]
+            self.__tokdict = dict()
+
+        if name is not None and name:
+            if not modal:
+                self.__accumNames[name] = 0
+            if isinstance(name,int):
+                name = _ustr(name) # will always return a str, but use _ustr for consistency
+            self.__name = name
+            if not (isinstance(toklist, (type(None), basestring, list)) and toklist in (None,'',[])):
+                if isinstance(toklist,basestring):
+                    toklist = [ toklist ]
+                if asList:
+                    if isinstance(toklist,ParseResults):
+                        self[name] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(toklist.copy(),0)
+                    else:
+                        self[name] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(ParseResults(toklist[0]),0)
+                    self[name].__name = name
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        self[name] = toklist[0]
+                    except (KeyError,TypeError,IndexError):
+                        self[name] = toklist
+
+    def __getitem__( self, i ):
+        if isinstance( i, (int,slice) ):
+            return self.__toklist[i]
+        else:
+            if i not in self.__accumNames:
+                return self.__tokdict[i][-1][0]
+            else:
+                return ParseResults([ v[0] for v in self.__tokdict[i] ])
+
+    def __setitem__( self, k, v, isinstance=isinstance ):
+        if isinstance(v,_ParseResultsWithOffset):
+            self.__tokdict[k] = self.__tokdict.get(k,list()) + [v]
+            sub = v[0]
+        elif isinstance(k,(int,slice)):
+            self.__toklist[k] = v
+            sub = v
+        else:
+            self.__tokdict[k] = self.__tokdict.get(k,list()) + [_ParseResultsWithOffset(v,0)]
+            sub = v
+        if isinstance(sub,ParseResults):
+            sub.__parent = wkref(self)
+
+    def __delitem__( self, i ):
+        if isinstance(i,(int,slice)):
+            mylen = len( self.__toklist )
+            del self.__toklist[i]
+
+            # convert int to slice
+            if isinstance(i, int):
+                if i < 0:
+                    i += mylen
+                i = slice(i, i+1)
+            # get removed indices
+            removed = list(range(*i.indices(mylen)))
+            removed.reverse()
+            # fixup indices in token dictionary
+            for name,occurrences in self.__tokdict.items():
+                for j in removed:
+                    for k, (value, position) in enumerate(occurrences):
+                        occurrences[k] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(value, position - (position > j))
+        else:
+            del self.__tokdict[i]
+
+    def __contains__( self, k ):
+        return k in self.__tokdict
+
+    def __len__( self ): return len( self.__toklist )
+    def __bool__(self): return ( not not self.__toklist )
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+    def __iter__( self ): return iter( self.__toklist )
+    def __reversed__( self ): return iter( self.__toklist[::-1] )
+    def _iterkeys( self ):
+        if hasattr(self.__tokdict, "iterkeys"):
+            return self.__tokdict.iterkeys()
+        else:
+            return iter(self.__tokdict)
+
+    def _itervalues( self ):
+        return (self[k] for k in self._iterkeys())
+            
+    def _iteritems( self ):
+        return ((k, self[k]) for k in self._iterkeys())
+
+    if PY_3:
+        keys = _iterkeys       
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result keys (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+        values = _itervalues
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result values (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+        items = _iteritems
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result key-value tuples (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+    else:
+        iterkeys = _iterkeys
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result keys (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        itervalues = _itervalues
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result values (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        iteritems = _iteritems
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result key-value tuples (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        def keys( self ):
+            """Returns all named result keys (as a list in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.iterkeys())
+
+        def values( self ):
+            """Returns all named result values (as a list in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.itervalues())
+                
+        def items( self ):
+            """Returns all named result key-values (as a list of tuples in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.iteritems())
+
+    def haskeys( self ):
+        """Since keys() returns an iterator, this method is helpful in bypassing
+           code that looks for the existence of any defined results names."""
+        return bool(self.__tokdict)
+        
+    def pop( self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Removes and returns item at specified index (default=C{last}).
+        Supports both C{list} and C{dict} semantics for C{pop()}. If passed no
+        argument or an integer argument, it will use C{list} semantics
+        and pop tokens from the list of parsed tokens. If passed a 
+        non-integer argument (most likely a string), it will use C{dict}
+        semantics and pop the corresponding value from any defined 
+        results names. A second default return value argument is 
+        supported, just as in C{dict.pop()}.
+
+        Example::
+            def remove_first(tokens):
+                tokens.pop(0)
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(remove_first).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['123', '321']
+
+            label = Word(alphas)
+            patt = label("LABEL") + OneOrMore(Word(nums))
+            print(patt.parseString("AAB 123 321").dump())
+
+            # Use pop() in a parse action to remove named result (note that corresponding value is not
+            # removed from list form of results)
+            def remove_LABEL(tokens):
+                tokens.pop("LABEL")
+                return tokens
+            patt.addParseAction(remove_LABEL)
+            print(patt.parseString("AAB 123 321").dump())
+        prints::
+            ['AAB', '123', '321']
+            - LABEL: AAB
+
+            ['AAB', '123', '321']
+        """
+        if not args:
+            args = [-1]
+        for k,v in kwargs.items():
+            if k == 'default':
+                args = (args[0], v)
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("pop() got an unexpected keyword argument '%s'" % k)
+        if (isinstance(args[0], int) or 
+                        len(args) == 1 or 
+                        args[0] in self):
+            index = args[0]
+            ret = self[index]
+            del self[index]
+            return ret
+        else:
+            defaultvalue = args[1]
+            return defaultvalue
+
+    def get(self, key, defaultValue=None):
+        """
+        Returns named result matching the given key, or if there is no
+        such name, then returns the given C{defaultValue} or C{None} if no
+        C{defaultValue} is specified.
+
+        Similar to C{dict.get()}.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")
+            print(result.get("year")) # -> '1999'
+            print(result.get("hour", "not specified")) # -> 'not specified'
+            print(result.get("hour")) # -> None
+        """
+        if key in self:
+            return self[key]
+        else:
+            return defaultValue
+
+    def insert( self, index, insStr ):
+        """
+        Inserts new element at location index in the list of parsed tokens.
+        
+        Similar to C{list.insert()}.
+
+        Example::
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+
+            # use a parse action to insert the parse location in the front of the parsed results
+            def insert_locn(locn, tokens):
+                tokens.insert(0, locn)
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(insert_locn).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> [0, '0', '123', '321']
+        """
+        self.__toklist.insert(index, insStr)
+        # fixup indices in token dictionary
+        for name,occurrences in self.__tokdict.items():
+            for k, (value, position) in enumerate(occurrences):
+                occurrences[k] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(value, position + (position > index))
+
+    def append( self, item ):
+        """
+        Add single element to end of ParseResults list of elements.
+
+        Example::
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+            
+            # use a parse action to compute the sum of the parsed integers, and add it to the end
+            def append_sum(tokens):
+                tokens.append(sum(map(int, tokens)))
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(append_sum).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321', 444]
+        """
+        self.__toklist.append(item)
+
+    def extend( self, itemseq ):
+        """
+        Add sequence of elements to end of ParseResults list of elements.
+
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            
+            # use a parse action to append the reverse of the matched strings, to make a palindrome
+            def make_palindrome(tokens):
+                tokens.extend(reversed([t[::-1] for t in tokens]))
+                return ''.join(tokens)
+            print(patt.addParseAction(make_palindrome).parseString("lskdj sdlkjf lksd")) # -> 'lskdjsdlkjflksddsklfjkldsjdksl'
+        """
+        if isinstance(itemseq, ParseResults):
+            self += itemseq
+        else:
+            self.__toklist.extend(itemseq)
+
+    def clear( self ):
+        """
+        Clear all elements and results names.
+        """
+        del self.__toklist[:]
+        self.__tokdict.clear()
+
+    def __getattr__( self, name ):
+        try:
+            return self[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            return ""
+            
+        if name in self.__tokdict:
+            if name not in self.__accumNames:
+                return self.__tokdict[name][-1][0]
+            else:
+                return ParseResults([ v[0] for v in self.__tokdict[name] ])
+        else:
+            return ""
+
+    def __add__( self, other ):
+        ret = self.copy()
+        ret += other
+        return ret
+
+    def __iadd__( self, other ):
+        if other.__tokdict:
+            offset = len(self.__toklist)
+            addoffset = lambda a: offset if a<0 else a+offset
+            otheritems = other.__tokdict.items()
+            otherdictitems = [(k, _ParseResultsWithOffset(v[0],addoffset(v[1])) )
+                                for (k,vlist) in otheritems for v in vlist]
+            for k,v in otherdictitems:
+                self[k] = v
+                if isinstance(v[0],ParseResults):
+                    v[0].__parent = wkref(self)
+            
+        self.__toklist += other.__toklist
+        self.__accumNames.update( other.__accumNames )
+        return self
+
+    def __radd__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other,int) and other == 0:
+            # useful for merging many ParseResults using sum() builtin
+            return self.copy()
+        else:
+            # this may raise a TypeError - so be it
+            return other + self
+        
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return "(%s, %s)" % ( repr( self.__toklist ), repr( self.__tokdict ) )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return '[' + ', '.join(_ustr(i) if isinstance(i, ParseResults) else repr(i) for i in self.__toklist) + ']'
+
+    def _asStringList( self, sep='' ):
+        out = []
+        for item in self.__toklist:
+            if out and sep:
+                out.append(sep)
+            if isinstance( item, ParseResults ):
+                out += item._asStringList()
+            else:
+                out.append( _ustr(item) )
+        return out
+
+    def asList( self ):
+        """
+        Returns the parse results as a nested list of matching tokens, all converted to strings.
+
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            result = patt.parseString("sldkj lsdkj sldkj")
+            # even though the result prints in string-like form, it is actually a pyparsing ParseResults
+            print(type(result), result) # -> <class 'pyparsing.ParseResults'> ['sldkj', 'lsdkj', 'sldkj']
+            
+            # Use asList() to create an actual list
+            result_list = result.asList()
+            print(type(result_list), result_list) # -> <class 'list'> ['sldkj', 'lsdkj', 'sldkj']
+        """
+        return [res.asList() if isinstance(res,ParseResults) else res for res in self.__toklist]
+
+    def asDict( self ):
+        """
+        Returns the named parse results as a nested dictionary.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+            
+            result = date_str.parseString('12/31/1999')
+            print(type(result), repr(result)) # -> <class 'pyparsing.ParseResults'> (['12', '/', '31', '/', '1999'], {'day': [('1999', 4)], 'year': [('12', 0)], 'month': [('31', 2)]})
+            
+            result_dict = result.asDict()
+            print(type(result_dict), repr(result_dict)) # -> <class 'dict'> {'day': '1999', 'year': '12', 'month': '31'}
+
+            # even though a ParseResults supports dict-like access, sometime you just need to have a dict
+            import json
+            print(json.dumps(result)) # -> Exception: TypeError: ... is not JSON serializable
+            print(json.dumps(result.asDict())) # -> {"month": "31", "day": "1999", "year": "12"}
+        """
+        if PY_3:
+            item_fn = self.items
+        else:
+            item_fn = self.iteritems
+            
+        def toItem(obj):
+            if isinstance(obj, ParseResults):
+                if obj.haskeys():
+                    return obj.asDict()
+                else:
+                    return [toItem(v) for v in obj]
+            else:
+                return obj
+                
+        return dict((k,toItem(v)) for k,v in item_fn())
+
+    def copy( self ):
+        """
+        Returns a new copy of a C{ParseResults} object.
+        """
+        ret = ParseResults( self.__toklist )
+        ret.__tokdict = self.__tokdict.copy()
+        ret.__parent = self.__parent
+        ret.__accumNames.update( self.__accumNames )
+        ret.__name = self.__name
+        return ret
+
+    def asXML( self, doctag=None, namedItemsOnly=False, indent="", formatted=True ):
+        """
+        (Deprecated) Returns the parse results as XML. Tags are created for tokens and lists that have defined results names.
+        """
+        nl = "\n"
+        out = []
+        namedItems = dict((v[1],k) for (k,vlist) in self.__tokdict.items()
+                                                            for v in vlist)
+        nextLevelIndent = indent + "  "
+
+        # collapse out indents if formatting is not desired
+        if not formatted:
+            indent = ""
+            nextLevelIndent = ""
+            nl = ""
+
+        selfTag = None
+        if doctag is not None:
+            selfTag = doctag
+        else:
+            if self.__name:
+                selfTag = self.__name
+
+        if not selfTag:
+            if namedItemsOnly:
+                return ""
+            else:
+                selfTag = "ITEM"
+
+        out += [ nl, indent, "<", selfTag, ">" ]
+
+        for i,res in enumerate(self.__toklist):
+            if isinstance(res,ParseResults):
+                if i in namedItems:
+                    out += [ res.asXML(namedItems[i],
+                                        namedItemsOnly and doctag is None,
+                                        nextLevelIndent,
+                                        formatted)]
+                else:
+                    out += [ res.asXML(None,
+                                        namedItemsOnly and doctag is None,
+                                        nextLevelIndent,
+                                        formatted)]
+            else:
+                # individual token, see if there is a name for it
+                resTag = None
+                if i in namedItems:
+                    resTag = namedItems[i]
+                if not resTag:
+                    if namedItemsOnly:
+                        continue
+                    else:
+                        resTag = "ITEM"
+                xmlBodyText = _xml_escape(_ustr(res))
+                out += [ nl, nextLevelIndent, "<", resTag, ">",
+                                                xmlBodyText,
+                                                "</", resTag, ">" ]
+
+        out += [ nl, indent, "</", selfTag, ">" ]
+        return "".join(out)
+
+    def __lookup(self,sub):
+        for k,vlist in self.__tokdict.items():
+            for v,loc in vlist:
+                if sub is v:
+                    return k
+        return None
+
+    def getName(self):
+        r"""
+        Returns the results name for this token expression. Useful when several 
+        different expressions might match at a particular location.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            ssn_expr = Regex(r"\d\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d")
+            house_number_expr = Suppress('#') + Word(nums, alphanums)
+            user_data = (Group(house_number_expr)("house_number") 
+                        | Group(ssn_expr)("ssn")
+                        | Group(integer)("age"))
+            user_info = OneOrMore(user_data)
+            
+            result = user_info.parseString("22 111-22-3333 #221B")
+            for item in result:
+                print(item.getName(), ':', item[0])
+        prints::
+            age : 22
+            ssn : 111-22-3333
+            house_number : 221B
+        """
+        if self.__name:
+            return self.__name
+        elif self.__parent:
+            par = self.__parent()
+            if par:
+                return par.__lookup(self)
+            else:
+                return None
+        elif (len(self) == 1 and
+               len(self.__tokdict) == 1 and
+               next(iter(self.__tokdict.values()))[0][1] in (0,-1)):
+            return next(iter(self.__tokdict.keys()))
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def dump(self, indent='', depth=0, full=True):
+        """
+        Diagnostic method for listing out the contents of a C{ParseResults}.
+        Accepts an optional C{indent} argument so that this string can be embedded
+        in a nested display of other data.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+            
+            result = date_str.parseString('12/31/1999')
+            print(result.dump())
+        prints::
+            ['12', '/', '31', '/', '1999']
+            - day: 1999
+            - month: 31
+            - year: 12
+        """
+        out = []
+        NL = '\n'
+        out.append( indent+_ustr(self.asList()) )
+        if full:
+            if self.haskeys():
+                items = sorted((str(k), v) for k,v in self.items())
+                for k,v in items:
+                    if out:
+                        out.append(NL)
+                    out.append( "%s%s- %s: " % (indent,('  '*depth), k) )
+                    if isinstance(v,ParseResults):
+                        if v:
+                            out.append( v.dump(indent,depth+1) )
+                        else:
+                            out.append(_ustr(v))
+                    else:
+                        out.append(repr(v))
+            elif any(isinstance(vv,ParseResults) for vv in self):
+                v = self
+                for i,vv in enumerate(v):
+                    if isinstance(vv,ParseResults):
+                        out.append("\n%s%s[%d]:\n%s%s%s" % (indent,('  '*(depth)),i,indent,('  '*(depth+1)),vv.dump(indent,depth+1) ))
+                    else:
+                        out.append("\n%s%s[%d]:\n%s%s%s" % (indent,('  '*(depth)),i,indent,('  '*(depth+1)),_ustr(vv)))
+            
+        return "".join(out)
+
+    def pprint(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Pretty-printer for parsed results as a list, using the C{pprint} module.
+        Accepts additional positional or keyword args as defined for the 
+        C{pprint.pprint} method. (U{http://docs.python.org/3/library/pprint.html#pprint.pprint})
+
+        Example::
+            ident = Word(alphas, alphanums)
+            num = Word(nums)
+            func = Forward()
+            term = ident | num | Group('(' + func + ')')
+            func <<= ident + Group(Optional(delimitedList(term)))
+            result = func.parseString("fna a,b,(fnb c,d,200),100")
+            result.pprint(width=40)
+        prints::
+            ['fna',
+             ['a',
+              'b',
+              ['(', 'fnb', ['c', 'd', '200'], ')'],
+              '100']]
+        """
+        pprint.pprint(self.asList(), *args, **kwargs)
+
+    # add support for pickle protocol
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return ( self.__toklist,
+                 ( self.__tokdict.copy(),
+                   self.__parent is not None and self.__parent() or None,
+                   self.__accumNames,
+                   self.__name ) )
+
+    def __setstate__(self,state):
+        self.__toklist = state[0]
+        (self.__tokdict,
+         par,
+         inAccumNames,
+         self.__name) = state[1]
+        self.__accumNames = {}
+        self.__accumNames.update(inAccumNames)
+        if par is not None:
+            self.__parent = wkref(par)
+        else:
+            self.__parent = None
+
+    def __getnewargs__(self):
+        return self.__toklist, self.__name, self.__asList, self.__modal
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return (dir(type(self)) + list(self.keys()))
+
+MutableMapping.register(ParseResults)
+
+def col (loc,strg):
+    """Returns current column within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+   The first column is number 1.
+
+   Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+   before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{ParserElement.parseString}<ParserElement.parseString>} for more information
+   on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+   consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+   positions within the parsed string.
+   """
+    s = strg
+    return 1 if 0<loc<len(s) and s[loc-1] == '\n' else loc - s.rfind("\n", 0, loc)
+
+def lineno(loc,strg):
+    """Returns current line number within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+   The first line is number 1.
+
+   Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+   before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{ParserElement.parseString}<ParserElement.parseString>} for more information
+   on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+   consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+   positions within the parsed string.
+   """
+    return strg.count("\n",0,loc) + 1
+
+def line( loc, strg ):
+    """Returns the line of text containing loc within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+       """
+    lastCR = strg.rfind("\n", 0, loc)
+    nextCR = strg.find("\n", loc)
+    if nextCR >= 0:
+        return strg[lastCR+1:nextCR]
+    else:
+        return strg[lastCR+1:]
+
+def _defaultStartDebugAction( instring, loc, expr ):
+    print (("Match " + _ustr(expr) + " at loc " + _ustr(loc) + "(%d,%d)" % ( lineno(loc,instring), col(loc,instring) )))
+
+def _defaultSuccessDebugAction( instring, startloc, endloc, expr, toks ):
+    print ("Matched " + _ustr(expr) + " -> " + str(toks.asList()))
+
+def _defaultExceptionDebugAction( instring, loc, expr, exc ):
+    print ("Exception raised:" + _ustr(exc))
+
+def nullDebugAction(*args):
+    """'Do-nothing' debug action, to suppress debugging output during parsing."""
+    pass
+
+# Only works on Python 3.x - nonlocal is toxic to Python 2 installs
+#~ 'decorator to trim function calls to match the arity of the target'
+#~ def _trim_arity(func, maxargs=3):
+    #~ if func in singleArgBuiltins:
+        #~ return lambda s,l,t: func(t)
+    #~ limit = 0
+    #~ foundArity = False
+    #~ def wrapper(*args):
+        #~ nonlocal limit,foundArity
+        #~ while 1:
+            #~ try:
+                #~ ret = func(*args[limit:])
+                #~ foundArity = True
+                #~ return ret
+            #~ except TypeError:
+                #~ if limit == maxargs or foundArity:
+                    #~ raise
+                #~ limit += 1
+                #~ continue
+    #~ return wrapper
+
+# this version is Python 2.x-3.x cross-compatible
+'decorator to trim function calls to match the arity of the target'
+def _trim_arity(func, maxargs=2):
+    if func in singleArgBuiltins:
+        return lambda s,l,t: func(t)
+    limit = [0]
+    foundArity = [False]
+    
+    # traceback return data structure changed in Py3.5 - normalize back to plain tuples
+    if system_version[:2] >= (3,5):
+        def extract_stack(limit=0):
+            # special handling for Python 3.5.0 - extra deep call stack by 1
+            offset = -3 if system_version == (3,5,0) else -2
+            frame_summary = traceback.extract_stack(limit=-offset+limit-1)[offset]
+            return [frame_summary[:2]]
+        def extract_tb(tb, limit=0):
+            frames = traceback.extract_tb(tb, limit=limit)
+            frame_summary = frames[-1]
+            return [frame_summary[:2]]
+    else:
+        extract_stack = traceback.extract_stack
+        extract_tb = traceback.extract_tb
+    
+    # synthesize what would be returned by traceback.extract_stack at the call to 
+    # user's parse action 'func', so that we don't incur call penalty at parse time
+    
+    LINE_DIFF = 6
+    # IF ANY CODE CHANGES, EVEN JUST COMMENTS OR BLANK LINES, BETWEEN THE NEXT LINE AND 
+    # THE CALL TO FUNC INSIDE WRAPPER, LINE_DIFF MUST BE MODIFIED!!!!
+    this_line = extract_stack(limit=2)[-1]
+    pa_call_line_synth = (this_line[0], this_line[1]+LINE_DIFF)
+
+    def wrapper(*args):
+        while 1:
+            try:
+                ret = func(*args[limit[0]:])
+                foundArity[0] = True
+                return ret
+            except TypeError:
+                # re-raise TypeErrors if they did not come from our arity testing
+                if foundArity[0]:
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        tb = sys.exc_info()[-1]
+                        if not extract_tb(tb, limit=2)[-1][:2] == pa_call_line_synth:
+                            raise
+                    finally:
+                        del tb
+
+                if limit[0] <= maxargs:
+                    limit[0] += 1
+                    continue
+                raise
+
+    # copy func name to wrapper for sensible debug output
+    func_name = "<parse action>"
+    try:
+        func_name = getattr(func, '__name__', 
+                            getattr(func, '__class__').__name__)
+    except Exception:
+        func_name = str(func)
+    wrapper.__name__ = func_name
+
+    return wrapper
+
+class ParserElement(object):
+    """Abstract base level parser element class."""
+    DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS = " \n\t\r"
+    verbose_stacktrace = False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def setDefaultWhitespaceChars( chars ):
+        r"""
+        Overrides the default whitespace chars
+
+        Example::
+            # default whitespace chars are space, <TAB> and newline
+            OneOrMore(Word(alphas)).parseString("abc def\nghi jkl")  # -> ['abc', 'def', 'ghi', 'jkl']
+            
+            # change to just treat newline as significant
+            ParserElement.setDefaultWhitespaceChars(" \t")
+            OneOrMore(Word(alphas)).parseString("abc def\nghi jkl")  # -> ['abc', 'def']
+        """
+        ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS = chars
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def inlineLiteralsUsing(cls):
+        """
+        Set class to be used for inclusion of string literals into a parser.
+        
+        Example::
+            # default literal class used is Literal
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+
+
+            # change to Suppress
+            ParserElement.inlineLiteralsUsing(Suppress)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '12', '31']
+        """
+        ParserElement._literalStringClass = cls
+
+    def __init__( self, savelist=False ):
+        self.parseAction = list()
+        self.failAction = None
+        #~ self.name = "<unknown>"  # don't define self.name, let subclasses try/except upcall
+        self.strRepr = None
+        self.resultsName = None
+        self.saveAsList = savelist
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.whiteChars = ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+        self.copyDefaultWhiteChars = True
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False # used when checking for left-recursion
+        self.keepTabs = False
+        self.ignoreExprs = list()
+        self.debug = False
+        self.streamlined = False
+        self.mayIndexError = True # used to optimize exception handling for subclasses that don't advance parse index
+        self.errmsg = ""
+        self.modalResults = True # used to mark results names as modal (report only last) or cumulative (list all)
+        self.debugActions = ( None, None, None ) #custom debug actions
+        self.re = None
+        self.callPreparse = True # used to avoid redundant calls to preParse
+        self.callDuringTry = False
+
+    def copy( self ):
+        """
+        Make a copy of this C{ParserElement}.  Useful for defining different parse actions
+        for the same parsing pattern, using copies of the original parse element.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            integerK = integer.copy().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024) + Suppress("K")
+            integerM = integer.copy().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024*1024) + Suppress("M")
+            
+            print(OneOrMore(integerK | integerM | integer).parseString("5K 100 640K 256M"))
+        prints::
+            [5120, 100, 655360, 268435456]
+        Equivalent form of C{expr.copy()} is just C{expr()}::
+            integerM = integer().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024*1024) + Suppress("M")
+        """
+        cpy = copy.copy( self )
+        cpy.parseAction = self.parseAction[:]
+        cpy.ignoreExprs = self.ignoreExprs[:]
+        if self.copyDefaultWhiteChars:
+            cpy.whiteChars = ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+        return cpy
+
+    def setName( self, name ):
+        """
+        Define name for this expression, makes debugging and exception messages clearer.
+        
+        Example::
+            Word(nums).parseString("ABC")  # -> Exception: Expected W:(0123...) (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+            Word(nums).setName("integer").parseString("ABC")  # -> Exception: Expected integer (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        """
+        self.name = name
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        if hasattr(self,"exception"):
+            self.exception.msg = self.errmsg
+        return self
+
+    def setResultsName( self, name, listAllMatches=False ):
+        """
+        Define name for referencing matching tokens as a nested attribute
+        of the returned parse results.
+        NOTE: this returns a *copy* of the original C{ParserElement} object;
+        this is so that the client can define a basic element, such as an
+        integer, and reference it in multiple places with different names.
+
+        You can also set results names using the abbreviated syntax,
+        C{expr("name")} in place of C{expr.setResultsName("name")} - 
+        see L{I{__call__}<__call__>}.
+
+        Example::
+            date_str = (integer.setResultsName("year") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("month") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("day"))
+
+            # equivalent form:
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+        """
+        newself = self.copy()
+        if name.endswith("*"):
+            name = name[:-1]
+            listAllMatches=True
+        newself.resultsName = name
+        newself.modalResults = not listAllMatches
+        return newself
+
+    def setBreak(self,breakFlag = True):
+        """Method to invoke the Python pdb debugger when this element is
+           about to be parsed. Set C{breakFlag} to True to enable, False to
+           disable.
+        """
+        if breakFlag:
+            _parseMethod = self._parse
+            def breaker(instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True):
+                import pdb
+                pdb.set_trace()
+                return _parseMethod( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse )
+            breaker._originalParseMethod = _parseMethod
+            self._parse = breaker
+        else:
+            if hasattr(self._parse,"_originalParseMethod"):
+                self._parse = self._parse._originalParseMethod
+        return self
+
+    def setParseAction( self, *fns, **kwargs ):
+        """
+        Define one or more actions to perform when successfully matching parse element definition.
+        Parse action fn is a callable method with 0-3 arguments, called as C{fn(s,loc,toks)},
+        C{fn(loc,toks)}, C{fn(toks)}, or just C{fn()}, where:
+         - s   = the original string being parsed (see note below)
+         - loc = the location of the matching substring
+         - toks = a list of the matched tokens, packaged as a C{L{ParseResults}} object
+        If the functions in fns modify the tokens, they can return them as the return
+        value from fn, and the modified list of tokens will replace the original.
+        Otherwise, fn does not need to return any value.
+
+        Optional keyword arguments:
+         - callDuringTry = (default=C{False}) indicate if parse action should be run during lookaheads and alternate testing
+
+        Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+        before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{parseString}<parseString>} for more information
+        on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+        consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+        positions within the parsed string.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+
+            # use parse action to convert to ints at parse time
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            date_str = integer + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            # note that integer fields are now ints, not strings
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> [1999, '/', 12, '/', 31]
+        """
+        self.parseAction = list(map(_trim_arity, list(fns)))
+        self.callDuringTry = kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def addParseAction( self, *fns, **kwargs ):
+        """
+        Add one or more parse actions to expression's list of parse actions. See L{I{setParseAction}<setParseAction>}.
+        
+        See examples in L{I{copy}<copy>}.
+        """
+        self.parseAction += list(map(_trim_arity, list(fns)))
+        self.callDuringTry = self.callDuringTry or kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def addCondition(self, *fns, **kwargs):
+        """Add a boolean predicate function to expression's list of parse actions. See 
+        L{I{setParseAction}<setParseAction>} for function call signatures. Unlike C{setParseAction}, 
+        functions passed to C{addCondition} need to return boolean success/fail of the condition.
+
+        Optional keyword arguments:
+         - message = define a custom message to be used in the raised exception
+         - fatal   = if True, will raise ParseFatalException to stop parsing immediately; otherwise will raise ParseException
+         
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            year_int = integer.copy()
+            year_int.addCondition(lambda toks: toks[0] >= 2000, message="Only support years 2000 and later")
+            date_str = year_int + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> Exception: Only support years 2000 and later (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        """
+        msg = kwargs.get("message", "failed user-defined condition")
+        exc_type = ParseFatalException if kwargs.get("fatal", False) else ParseException
+        for fn in fns:
+            def pa(s,l,t):
+                if not bool(_trim_arity(fn)(s,l,t)):
+                    raise exc_type(s,l,msg)
+            self.parseAction.append(pa)
+        self.callDuringTry = self.callDuringTry or kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def setFailAction( self, fn ):
+        """Define action to perform if parsing fails at this expression.
+           Fail acton fn is a callable function that takes the arguments
+           C{fn(s,loc,expr,err)} where:
+            - s = string being parsed
+            - loc = location where expression match was attempted and failed
+            - expr = the parse expression that failed
+            - err = the exception thrown
+           The function returns no value.  It may throw C{L{ParseFatalException}}
+           if it is desired to stop parsing immediately."""
+        self.failAction = fn
+        return self
+
+    def _skipIgnorables( self, instring, loc ):
+        exprsFound = True
+        while exprsFound:
+            exprsFound = False
+            for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+                try:
+                    while 1:
+                        loc,dummy = e._parse( instring, loc )
+                        exprsFound = True
+                except ParseException:
+                    pass
+        return loc
+
+    def preParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        if self.ignoreExprs:
+            loc = self._skipIgnorables( instring, loc )
+
+        if self.skipWhitespace:
+            wt = self.whiteChars
+            instrlen = len(instring)
+            while loc < instrlen and instring[loc] in wt:
+                loc += 1
+
+        return loc
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        return loc, []
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return tokenlist
+
+    #~ @profile
+    def _parseNoCache( self, instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True ):
+        debugging = ( self.debug ) #and doActions )
+
+        if debugging or self.failAction:
+            #~ print ("Match",self,"at loc",loc,"(%d,%d)" % ( lineno(loc,instring), col(loc,instring) ))
+            if (self.debugActions[0] ):
+                self.debugActions[0]( instring, loc, self )
+            if callPreParse and self.callPreparse:
+                preloc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+            else:
+                preloc = loc
+            tokensStart = preloc
+            try:
+                try:
+                    loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseException( instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self )
+            except ParseBaseException as err:
+                #~ print ("Exception raised:", err)
+                if self.debugActions[2]:
+                    self.debugActions[2]( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                if self.failAction:
+                    self.failAction( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                raise
+        else:
+            if callPreParse and self.callPreparse:
+                preloc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+            else:
+                preloc = loc
+            tokensStart = preloc
+            if self.mayIndexError or preloc >= len(instring):
+                try:
+                    loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseException( instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self )
+            else:
+                loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+
+        tokens = self.postParse( instring, loc, tokens )
+
+        retTokens = ParseResults( tokens, self.resultsName, asList=self.saveAsList, modal=self.modalResults )
+        if self.parseAction and (doActions or self.callDuringTry):
+            if debugging:
+                try:
+                    for fn in self.parseAction:
+                        tokens = fn( instring, tokensStart, retTokens )
+                        if tokens is not None:
+                            retTokens = ParseResults( tokens,
+                                                      self.resultsName,
+                                                      asList=self.saveAsList and isinstance(tokens,(ParseResults,list)),
+                                                      modal=self.modalResults )
+                except ParseBaseException as err:
+                    #~ print "Exception raised in user parse action:", err
+                    if (self.debugActions[2] ):
+                        self.debugActions[2]( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                    raise
+            else:
+                for fn in self.parseAction:
+                    tokens = fn( instring, tokensStart, retTokens )
+                    if tokens is not None:
+                        retTokens = ParseResults( tokens,
+                                                  self.resultsName,
+                                                  asList=self.saveAsList and isinstance(tokens,(ParseResults,list)),
+                                                  modal=self.modalResults )
+        if debugging:
+            #~ print ("Matched",self,"->",retTokens.asList())
+            if (self.debugActions[1] ):
+                self.debugActions[1]( instring, tokensStart, loc, self, retTokens )
+
+        return loc, retTokens
+
+    def tryParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        try:
+            return self._parse( instring, loc, doActions=False )[0]
+        except ParseFatalException:
+            raise ParseException( instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+    
+    def canParseNext(self, instring, loc):
+        try:
+            self.tryParse(instring, loc)
+        except (ParseException, IndexError):
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    class _UnboundedCache(object):
+        def __init__(self):
+            cache = {}
+            self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+            def get(self, key):
+                return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+            def set(self, key, value):
+                cache[key] = value
+
+            def clear(self):
+                cache.clear()
+                
+            def cache_len(self):
+                return len(cache)
+
+            self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+            self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+            self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+            self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    if _OrderedDict is not None:
+        class _FifoCache(object):
+            def __init__(self, size):
+                self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+                cache = _OrderedDict()
+
+                def get(self, key):
+                    return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+                def set(self, key, value):
+                    cache[key] = value
+                    while len(cache) > size:
+                        try:
+                            cache.popitem(False)
+                        except KeyError:
+                            pass
+
+                def clear(self):
+                    cache.clear()
+
+                def cache_len(self):
+                    return len(cache)
+
+                self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+                self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+                self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+                self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    else:
+        class _FifoCache(object):
+            def __init__(self, size):
+                self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+                cache = {}
+                key_fifo = collections.deque([], size)
+
+                def get(self, key):
+                    return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+                def set(self, key, value):
+                    cache[key] = value
+                    while len(key_fifo) > size:
+                        cache.pop(key_fifo.popleft(), None)
+                    key_fifo.append(key)
+
+                def clear(self):
+                    cache.clear()
+                    key_fifo.clear()
+
+                def cache_len(self):
+                    return len(cache)
+
+                self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+                self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+                self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+                self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    # argument cache for optimizing repeated calls when backtracking through recursive expressions
+    packrat_cache = {} # this is set later by enabledPackrat(); this is here so that resetCache() doesn't fail
+    packrat_cache_lock = RLock()
+    packrat_cache_stats = [0, 0]
+
+    # this method gets repeatedly called during backtracking with the same arguments -
+    # we can cache these arguments and save ourselves the trouble of re-parsing the contained expression
+    def _parseCache( self, instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True ):
+        HIT, MISS = 0, 1
+        lookup = (self, instring, loc, callPreParse, doActions)
+        with ParserElement.packrat_cache_lock:
+            cache = ParserElement.packrat_cache
+            value = cache.get(lookup)
+            if value is cache.not_in_cache:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[MISS] += 1
+                try:
+                    value = self._parseNoCache(instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse)
+                except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                    # cache a copy of the exception, without the traceback
+                    cache.set(lookup, pe.__class__(*pe.args))
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    cache.set(lookup, (value[0], value[1].copy()))
+                    return value
+            else:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[HIT] += 1
+                if isinstance(value, Exception):
+                    raise value
+                return (value[0], value[1].copy())
+
+    _parse = _parseNoCache
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def resetCache():
+        ParserElement.packrat_cache.clear()
+        ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[:] = [0] * len(ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats)
+
+    _packratEnabled = False
+    @staticmethod
+    def enablePackrat(cache_size_limit=128):
+        """Enables "packrat" parsing, which adds memoizing to the parsing logic.
+           Repeated parse attempts at the same string location (which happens
+           often in many complex grammars) can immediately return a cached value,
+           instead of re-executing parsing/validating code.  Memoizing is done of
+           both valid results and parsing exceptions.
+           
+           Parameters:
+            - cache_size_limit - (default=C{128}) - if an integer value is provided
+              will limit the size of the packrat cache; if None is passed, then
+              the cache size will be unbounded; if 0 is passed, the cache will
+              be effectively disabled.
+            
+           This speedup may break existing programs that use parse actions that
+           have side-effects.  For this reason, packrat parsing is disabled when
+           you first import pyparsing.  To activate the packrat feature, your
+           program must call the class method C{ParserElement.enablePackrat()}.  If
+           your program uses C{psyco} to "compile as you go", you must call
+           C{enablePackrat} before calling C{psyco.full()}.  If you do not do this,
+           Python will crash.  For best results, call C{enablePackrat()} immediately
+           after importing pyparsing.
+           
+           Example::
+               import pyparsing
+               pyparsing.ParserElement.enablePackrat()
+        """
+        if not ParserElement._packratEnabled:
+            ParserElement._packratEnabled = True
+            if cache_size_limit is None:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache = ParserElement._UnboundedCache()
+            else:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache = ParserElement._FifoCache(cache_size_limit)
+            ParserElement._parse = ParserElement._parseCache
+
+    def parseString( self, instring, parseAll=False ):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression with the given string.
+        This is the main interface to the client code, once the complete
+        expression has been built.
+
+        If you want the grammar to require that the entire input string be
+        successfully parsed, then set C{parseAll} to True (equivalent to ending
+        the grammar with C{L{StringEnd()}}).
+
+        Note: C{parseString} implicitly calls C{expandtabs()} on the input string,
+        in order to report proper column numbers in parse actions.
+        If the input string contains tabs and
+        the grammar uses parse actions that use the C{loc} argument to index into the
+        string being parsed, you can ensure you have a consistent view of the input
+        string by:
+         - calling C{parseWithTabs} on your grammar before calling C{parseString}
+           (see L{I{parseWithTabs}<parseWithTabs>})
+         - define your parse action using the full C{(s,loc,toks)} signature, and
+           reference the input string using the parse action's C{s} argument
+         - explictly expand the tabs in your input string before calling
+           C{parseString}
+        
+        Example::
+            Word('a').parseString('aaaaabaaa')  # -> ['aaaaa']
+            Word('a').parseString('aaaaabaaa', parseAll=True)  # -> Exception: Expected end of text
+        """
+        ParserElement.resetCache()
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamline()
+            #~ self.saveAsList = True
+        for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+            e.streamline()
+        if not self.keepTabs:
+            instring = instring.expandtabs()
+        try:
+            loc, tokens = self._parse( instring, 0 )
+            if parseAll:
+                loc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+                se = Empty() + StringEnd()
+                se._parse( instring, loc )
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+        else:
+            return tokens
+
+    def scanString( self, instring, maxMatches=_MAX_INT, overlap=False ):
+        """
+        Scan the input string for expression matches.  Each match will return the
+        matching tokens, start location, and end location.  May be called with optional
+        C{maxMatches} argument, to clip scanning after 'n' matches are found.  If
+        C{overlap} is specified, then overlapping matches will be reported.
+
+        Note that the start and end locations are reported relative to the string
+        being parsed.  See L{I{parseString}<parseString>} for more information on parsing
+        strings with embedded tabs.
+
+        Example::
+            source = "sldjf123lsdjjkf345sldkjf879lkjsfd987"
+            print(source)
+            for tokens,start,end in Word(alphas).scanString(source):
+                print(' '*start + '^'*(end-start))
+                print(' '*start + tokens[0])
+        
+        prints::
+        
+            sldjf123lsdjjkf345sldkjf879lkjsfd987
+            ^^^^^
+            sldjf
+                    ^^^^^^^
+                    lsdjjkf
+                              ^^^^^^
+                              sldkjf
+                                       ^^^^^^
+                                       lkjsfd
+        """
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamline()
+        for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+            e.streamline()
+
+        if not self.keepTabs:
+            instring = _ustr(instring).expandtabs()
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        loc = 0
+        preparseFn = self.preParse
+        parseFn = self._parse
+        ParserElement.resetCache()
+        matches = 0
+        try:
+            while loc <= instrlen and matches < maxMatches:
+                try:
+                    preloc = preparseFn( instring, loc )
+                    nextLoc,tokens = parseFn( instring, preloc, callPreParse=False )
+                except ParseException:
+                    loc = preloc+1
+                else:
+                    if nextLoc > loc:
+                        matches += 1
+                        yield tokens, preloc, nextLoc
+                        if overlap:
+                            nextloc = preparseFn( instring, loc )
+                            if nextloc > loc:
+                                loc = nextLoc
+                            else:
+                                loc += 1
+                        else:
+                            loc = nextLoc
+                    else:
+                        loc = preloc+1
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def transformString( self, instring ):
+        """
+        Extension to C{L{scanString}}, to modify matching text with modified tokens that may
+        be returned from a parse action.  To use C{transformString}, define a grammar and
+        attach a parse action to it that modifies the returned token list.
+        Invoking C{transformString()} on a target string will then scan for matches,
+        and replace the matched text patterns according to the logic in the parse
+        action.  C{transformString()} returns the resulting transformed string.
+        
+        Example::
+            wd = Word(alphas)
+            wd.setParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0].title())
+            
+            print(wd.transformString("now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york."))
+        Prints::
+            Now Is The Winter Of Our Discontent Made Glorious Summer By This Sun Of York.
+        """
+        out = []
+        lastE = 0
+        # force preservation of <TAB>s, to minimize unwanted transformation of string, and to
+        # keep string locs straight between transformString and scanString
+        self.keepTabs = True
+        try:
+            for t,s,e in self.scanString( instring ):
+                out.append( instring[lastE:s] )
+                if t:
+                    if isinstance(t,ParseResults):
+                        out += t.asList()
+                    elif isinstance(t,list):
+                        out += t
+                    else:
+                        out.append(t)
+                lastE = e
+            out.append(instring[lastE:])
+            out = [o for o in out if o]
+            return "".join(map(_ustr,_flatten(out)))
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def searchString( self, instring, maxMatches=_MAX_INT ):
+        """
+        Another extension to C{L{scanString}}, simplifying the access to the tokens found
+        to match the given parse expression.  May be called with optional
+        C{maxMatches} argument, to clip searching after 'n' matches are found.
+        
+        Example::
+            # a capitalized word starts with an uppercase letter, followed by zero or more lowercase letters
+            cap_word = Word(alphas.upper(), alphas.lower())
+            
+            print(cap_word.searchString("More than Iron, more than Lead, more than Gold I need Electricity"))
+
+            # the sum() builtin can be used to merge results into a single ParseResults object
+            print(sum(cap_word.searchString("More than Iron, more than Lead, more than Gold I need Electricity")))
+        prints::
+            [['More'], ['Iron'], ['Lead'], ['Gold'], ['I'], ['Electricity']]
+            ['More', 'Iron', 'Lead', 'Gold', 'I', 'Electricity']
+        """
+        try:
+            return ParseResults([ t for t,s,e in self.scanString( instring, maxMatches ) ])
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def split(self, instring, maxsplit=_MAX_INT, includeSeparators=False):
+        """
+        Generator method to split a string using the given expression as a separator.
+        May be called with optional C{maxsplit} argument, to limit the number of splits;
+        and the optional C{includeSeparators} argument (default=C{False}), if the separating
+        matching text should be included in the split results.
+        
+        Example::        
+            punc = oneOf(list(".,;:/-!?"))
+            print(list(punc.split("This, this?, this sentence, is badly punctuated!")))
+        prints::
+            ['This', ' this', '', ' this sentence', ' is badly punctuated', '']
+        """
+        splits = 0
+        last = 0
+        for t,s,e in self.scanString(instring, maxMatches=maxsplit):
+            yield instring[last:s]
+            if includeSeparators:
+                yield t[0]
+            last = e
+        yield instring[last:]
+
+    def __add__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of + operator - returns C{L{And}}. Adding strings to a ParserElement
+        converts them to L{Literal}s by default.
+        
+        Example::
+            greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
+            hello = "Hello, World!"
+            print (hello, "->", greet.parseString(hello))
+        Prints::
+            Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return And( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __radd__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of + operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other + self
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of - operator, returns C{L{And}} with error stop
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return self + And._ErrorStop() + other
+
+    def __rsub__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of - operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other - self
+
+    def __mul__(self,other):
+        """
+        Implementation of * operator, allows use of C{expr * 3} in place of
+        C{expr + expr + expr}.  Expressions may also me multiplied by a 2-integer
+        tuple, similar to C{{min,max}} multipliers in regular expressions.  Tuples
+        may also include C{None} as in:
+         - C{expr*(n,None)} or C{expr*(n,)} is equivalent
+              to C{expr*n + L{ZeroOrMore}(expr)}
+              (read as "at least n instances of C{expr}")
+         - C{expr*(None,n)} is equivalent to C{expr*(0,n)}
+              (read as "0 to n instances of C{expr}")
+         - C{expr*(None,None)} is equivalent to C{L{ZeroOrMore}(expr)}
+         - C{expr*(1,None)} is equivalent to C{L{OneOrMore}(expr)}
+
+        Note that C{expr*(None,n)} does not raise an exception if
+        more than n exprs exist in the input stream; that is,
+        C{expr*(None,n)} does not enforce a maximum number of expr
+        occurrences.  If this behavior is desired, then write
+        C{expr*(None,n) + ~expr}
+        """
+        if isinstance(other,int):
+            minElements, optElements = other,0
+        elif isinstance(other,tuple):
+            other = (other + (None, None))[:2]
+            if other[0] is None:
+                other = (0, other[1])
+            if isinstance(other[0],int) and other[1] is None:
+                if other[0] == 0:
+                    return ZeroOrMore(self)
+                if other[0] == 1:
+                    return OneOrMore(self)
+                else:
+                    return self*other[0] + ZeroOrMore(self)
+            elif isinstance(other[0],int) and isinstance(other[1],int):
+                minElements, optElements = other
+                optElements -= minElements
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("cannot multiply 'ParserElement' and ('%s','%s') objects", type(other[0]),type(other[1]))
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("cannot multiply 'ParserElement' and '%s' objects", type(other))
+
+        if minElements < 0:
+            raise ValueError("cannot multiply ParserElement by negative value")
+        if optElements < 0:
+            raise ValueError("second tuple value must be greater or equal to first tuple value")
+        if minElements == optElements == 0:
+            raise ValueError("cannot multiply ParserElement by 0 or (0,0)")
+
+        if (optElements):
+            def makeOptionalList(n):
+                if n>1:
+                    return Optional(self + makeOptionalList(n-1))
+                else:
+                    return Optional(self)
+            if minElements:
+                if minElements == 1:
+                    ret = self + makeOptionalList(optElements)
+                else:
+                    ret = And([self]*minElements) + makeOptionalList(optElements)
+            else:
+                ret = makeOptionalList(optElements)
+        else:
+            if minElements == 1:
+                ret = self
+            else:
+                ret = And([self]*minElements)
+        return ret
+
+    def __rmul__(self, other):
+        return self.__mul__(other)
+
+    def __or__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of | operator - returns C{L{MatchFirst}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return MatchFirst( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __ror__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of | operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other | self
+
+    def __xor__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ^ operator - returns C{L{Or}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return Or( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __rxor__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ^ operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other ^ self
+
+    def __and__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of & operator - returns C{L{Each}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return Each( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __rand__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of & operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other & self
+
+    def __invert__( self ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ~ operator - returns C{L{NotAny}}
+        """
+        return NotAny( self )
+
+    def __call__(self, name=None):
+        """
+        Shortcut for C{L{setResultsName}}, with C{listAllMatches=False}.
+        
+        If C{name} is given with a trailing C{'*'} character, then C{listAllMatches} will be
+        passed as C{True}.
+           
+        If C{name} is omitted, same as calling C{L{copy}}.
+
+        Example::
+            # these are equivalent
+            userdata = Word(alphas).setResultsName("name") + Word(nums+"-").setResultsName("socsecno")
+            userdata = Word(alphas)("name") + Word(nums+"-")("socsecno")             
+        """
+        if name is not None:
+            return self.setResultsName(name)
+        else:
+            return self.copy()
+
+    def suppress( self ):
+        """
+        Suppresses the output of this C{ParserElement}; useful to keep punctuation from
+        cluttering up returned output.
+        """
+        return Suppress( self )
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        """
+        Disables the skipping of whitespace before matching the characters in the
+        C{ParserElement}'s defined pattern.  This is normally only used internally by
+        the pyparsing module, but may be needed in some whitespace-sensitive grammars.
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        return self
+
+    def setWhitespaceChars( self, chars ):
+        """
+        Overrides the default whitespace chars
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.whiteChars = chars
+        self.copyDefaultWhiteChars = False
+        return self
+
+    def parseWithTabs( self ):
+        """
+        Overrides default behavior to expand C{<TAB>}s to spaces before parsing the input string.
+        Must be called before C{parseString} when the input grammar contains elements that
+        match C{<TAB>} characters.
+        """
+        self.keepTabs = True
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        """
+        Define expression to be ignored (e.g., comments) while doing pattern
+        matching; may be called repeatedly, to define multiple comment or other
+        ignorable patterns.
+        
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            patt.parseString('ablaj /* comment */ lskjd') # -> ['ablaj']
+            
+            patt.ignore(cStyleComment)
+            patt.parseString('ablaj /* comment */ lskjd') # -> ['ablaj', 'lskjd']
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, basestring):
+            other = Suppress(other)
+
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                self.ignoreExprs.append(other)
+        else:
+            self.ignoreExprs.append( Suppress( other.copy() ) )
+        return self
+
+    def setDebugActions( self, startAction, successAction, exceptionAction ):
+        """
+        Enable display of debugging messages while doing pattern matching.
+        """
+        self.debugActions = (startAction or _defaultStartDebugAction,
+                             successAction or _defaultSuccessDebugAction,
+                             exceptionAction or _defaultExceptionDebugAction)
+        self.debug = True
+        return self
+
+    def setDebug( self, flag=True ):
+        """
+        Enable display of debugging messages while doing pattern matching.
+        Set C{flag} to True to enable, False to disable.
+
+        Example::
+            wd = Word(alphas).setName("alphaword")
+            integer = Word(nums).setName("numword")
+            term = wd | integer
+            
+            # turn on debugging for wd
+            wd.setDebug()
+
+            OneOrMore(term).parseString("abc 123 xyz 890")
+        
+        prints::
+            Match alphaword at loc 0(1,1)
+            Matched alphaword -> ['abc']
+            Match alphaword at loc 3(1,4)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 4), (line:1, col:5)
+            Match alphaword at loc 7(1,8)
+            Matched alphaword -> ['xyz']
+            Match alphaword at loc 11(1,12)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 12), (line:1, col:13)
+            Match alphaword at loc 15(1,16)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 15), (line:1, col:16)
+
+        The output shown is that produced by the default debug actions - custom debug actions can be
+        specified using L{setDebugActions}. Prior to attempting
+        to match the C{wd} expression, the debugging message C{"Match <exprname> at loc <n>(<line>,<col>)"}
+        is shown. Then if the parse succeeds, a C{"Matched"} message is shown, or an C{"Exception raised"}
+        message is shown. Also note the use of L{setName} to assign a human-readable name to the expression,
+        which makes debugging and exception messages easier to understand - for instance, the default
+        name created for the C{Word} expression without calling C{setName} is C{"W:(ABCD...)"}.
+        """
+        if flag:
+            self.setDebugActions( _defaultStartDebugAction, _defaultSuccessDebugAction, _defaultExceptionDebugAction )
+        else:
+            self.debug = False
+        return self
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return self.name
+
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return _ustr(self)
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        self.streamlined = True
+        self.strRepr = None
+        return self
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        pass
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        """
+        Check defined expressions for valid structure, check for infinite recursive definitions.
+        """
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+
+    def parseFile( self, file_or_filename, parseAll=False ):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression on the given file or filename.
+        If a filename is specified (instead of a file object),
+        the entire file is opened, read, and closed before parsing.
+        """
+        try:
+            file_contents = file_or_filename.read()
+        except AttributeError:
+            with open(file_or_filename, "r") as f:
+                file_contents = f.read()
+        try:
+            return self.parseString(file_contents, parseAll)
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def __eq__(self,other):
+        if isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            return self is other or vars(self) == vars(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, basestring):
+            return self.matches(other)
+        else:
+            return super(ParserElement,self)==other
+
+    def __ne__(self,other):
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(id(self))
+
+    def __req__(self,other):
+        return self == other
+
+    def __rne__(self,other):
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    def matches(self, testString, parseAll=True):
+        """
+        Method for quick testing of a parser against a test string. Good for simple 
+        inline microtests of sub expressions while building up larger parser.
+           
+        Parameters:
+         - testString - to test against this expression for a match
+         - parseAll - (default=C{True}) - flag to pass to C{L{parseString}} when running tests
+            
+        Example::
+            expr = Word(nums)
+            assert expr.matches("100")
+        """
+        try:
+            self.parseString(_ustr(testString), parseAll=parseAll)
+            return True
+        except ParseBaseException:
+            return False
+                
+    def runTests(self, tests, parseAll=True, comment='#', fullDump=True, printResults=True, failureTests=False):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression on a series of test strings, showing each
+        test, the parsed results or where the parse failed. Quick and easy way to
+        run a parse expression against a list of sample strings.
+           
+        Parameters:
+         - tests - a list of separate test strings, or a multiline string of test strings
+         - parseAll - (default=C{True}) - flag to pass to C{L{parseString}} when running tests           
+         - comment - (default=C{'#'}) - expression for indicating embedded comments in the test 
+              string; pass None to disable comment filtering
+         - fullDump - (default=C{True}) - dump results as list followed by results names in nested outline;
+              if False, only dump nested list
+         - printResults - (default=C{True}) prints test output to stdout
+         - failureTests - (default=C{False}) indicates if these tests are expected to fail parsing
+
+        Returns: a (success, results) tuple, where success indicates that all tests succeeded
+        (or failed if C{failureTests} is True), and the results contain a list of lines of each 
+        test's output
+        
+        Example::
+            number_expr = pyparsing_common.number.copy()
+
+            result = number_expr.runTests('''
+                # unsigned integer
+                100
+                # negative integer
+                -100
+                # float with scientific notation
+                6.02e23
+                # integer with scientific notation
+                1e-12
+                ''')
+            print("Success" if result[0] else "Failed!")
+
+            result = number_expr.runTests('''
+                # stray character
+                100Z
+                # missing leading digit before '.'
+                -.100
+                # too many '.'
+                3.14.159
+                ''', failureTests=True)
+            print("Success" if result[0] else "Failed!")
+        prints::
+            # unsigned integer
+            100
+            [100]
+
+            # negative integer
+            -100
+            [-100]
+
+            # float with scientific notation
+            6.02e23
+            [6.02e+23]
+
+            # integer with scientific notation
+            1e-12
+            [1e-12]
+
+            Success
+            
+            # stray character
+            100Z
+               ^
+            FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 3), (line:1, col:4)
+
+            # missing leading digit before '.'
+            -.100
+            ^
+            FAIL: Expected {real number with scientific notation | real number | signed integer} (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+
+            # too many '.'
+            3.14.159
+                ^
+            FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 4), (line:1, col:5)
+
+            Success
+
+        Each test string must be on a single line. If you want to test a string that spans multiple
+        lines, create a test like this::
+
+            expr.runTest(r"this is a test\\n of strings that spans \\n 3 lines")
+        
+        (Note that this is a raw string literal, you must include the leading 'r'.)
+        """
+        if isinstance(tests, basestring):
+            tests = list(map(str.strip, tests.rstrip().splitlines()))
+        if isinstance(comment, basestring):
+            comment = Literal(comment)
+        allResults = []
+        comments = []
+        success = True
+        for t in tests:
+            if comment is not None and comment.matches(t, False) or comments and not t:
+                comments.append(t)
+                continue
+            if not t:
+                continue
+            out = ['\n'.join(comments), t]
+            comments = []
+            try:
+                t = t.replace(r'\n','\n')
+                result = self.parseString(t, parseAll=parseAll)
+                out.append(result.dump(full=fullDump))
+                success = success and not failureTests
+            except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                fatal = "(FATAL)" if isinstance(pe, ParseFatalException) else ""
+                if '\n' in t:
+                    out.append(line(pe.loc, t))
+                    out.append(' '*(col(pe.loc,t)-1) + '^' + fatal)
+                else:
+                    out.append(' '*pe.loc + '^' + fatal)
+                out.append("FAIL: " + str(pe))
+                success = success and failureTests
+                result = pe
+            except Exception as exc:
+                out.append("FAIL-EXCEPTION: " + str(exc))
+                success = success and failureTests
+                result = exc
+
+            if printResults:
+                if fullDump:
+                    out.append('')
+                print('\n'.join(out))
+
+            allResults.append((t, result))
+        
+        return success, allResults
+
+        
+class Token(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract C{ParserElement} subclass, for defining atomic matching patterns.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(Token,self).__init__( savelist=False )
+
+
+class Empty(Token):
+    """
+    An empty token, will always match.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(Empty,self).__init__()
+        self.name = "Empty"
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+
+class NoMatch(Token):
+    """
+    A token that will never match.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(NoMatch,self).__init__()
+        self.name = "NoMatch"
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.errmsg = "Unmatchable token"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class Literal(Token):
+    """
+    Token to exactly match a specified string.
+    
+    Example::
+        Literal('blah').parseString('blah')  # -> ['blah']
+        Literal('blah').parseString('blahfooblah')  # -> ['blah']
+        Literal('blah').parseString('bla')  # -> Exception: Expected "blah"
+    
+    For case-insensitive matching, use L{CaselessLiteral}.
+    
+    For keyword matching (force word break before and after the matched string),
+    use L{Keyword} or L{CaselessKeyword}.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString ):
+        super(Literal,self).__init__()
+        self.match = matchString
+        self.matchLen = len(matchString)
+        try:
+            self.firstMatchChar = matchString[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            warnings.warn("null string passed to Literal; use Empty() instead",
+                            SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            self.__class__ = Empty
+        self.name = '"%s"' % _ustr(self.match)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+    # Performance tuning: this routine gets called a *lot*
+    # if this is a single character match string  and the first character matches,
+    # short-circuit as quickly as possible, and avoid calling startswith
+    #~ @profile
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if (instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar and
+            (self.matchLen==1 or instring.startswith(self.match,loc)) ):
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+_L = Literal
+ParserElement._literalStringClass = Literal
+
+class Keyword(Token):
+    """
+    Token to exactly match a specified string as a keyword, that is, it must be
+    immediately followed by a non-keyword character.  Compare with C{L{Literal}}:
+     - C{Literal("if")} will match the leading C{'if'} in C{'ifAndOnlyIf'}.
+     - C{Keyword("if")} will not; it will only match the leading C{'if'} in C{'if x=1'}, or C{'if(y==2)'}
+    Accepts two optional constructor arguments in addition to the keyword string:
+     - C{identChars} is a string of characters that would be valid identifier characters,
+          defaulting to all alphanumerics + "_" and "$"
+     - C{caseless} allows case-insensitive matching, default is C{False}.
+       
+    Example::
+        Keyword("start").parseString("start")  # -> ['start']
+        Keyword("start").parseString("starting")  # -> Exception
+
+    For case-insensitive matching, use L{CaselessKeyword}.
+    """
+    DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = alphanums+"_$"
+
+    def __init__( self, matchString, identChars=None, caseless=False ):
+        super(Keyword,self).__init__()
+        if identChars is None:
+            identChars = Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS
+        self.match = matchString
+        self.matchLen = len(matchString)
+        try:
+            self.firstMatchChar = matchString[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            warnings.warn("null string passed to Keyword; use Empty() instead",
+                            SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        self.name = '"%s"' % self.match
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.caseless = caseless
+        if caseless:
+            self.caselessmatch = matchString.upper()
+            identChars = identChars.upper()
+        self.identChars = set(identChars)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.caseless:
+            if ( (instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.caselessmatch) and
+                 (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen].upper() not in self.identChars) and
+                 (loc == 0 or instring[loc-1].upper() not in self.identChars) ):
+                return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        else:
+            if (instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar and
+                (self.matchLen==1 or instring.startswith(self.match,loc)) and
+                (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen] not in self.identChars) and
+                (loc == 0 or instring[loc-1] not in self.identChars) ):
+                return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        c = super(Keyword,self).copy()
+        c.identChars = Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS
+        return c
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def setDefaultKeywordChars( chars ):
+        """Overrides the default Keyword chars
+        """
+        Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = chars
+
+class CaselessLiteral(Literal):
+    """
+    Token to match a specified string, ignoring case of letters.
+    Note: the matched results will always be in the case of the given
+    match string, NOT the case of the input text.
+
+    Example::
+        OneOrMore(CaselessLiteral("CMD")).parseString("cmd CMD Cmd10") # -> ['CMD', 'CMD', 'CMD']
+        
+    (Contrast with example for L{CaselessKeyword}.)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString ):
+        super(CaselessLiteral,self).__init__( matchString.upper() )
+        # Preserve the defining literal.
+        self.returnString = matchString
+        self.name = "'%s'" % self.returnString
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.match:
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.returnString
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class CaselessKeyword(Keyword):
+    """
+    Caseless version of L{Keyword}.
+
+    Example::
+        OneOrMore(CaselessKeyword("CMD")).parseString("cmd CMD Cmd10") # -> ['CMD', 'CMD']
+        
+    (Contrast with example for L{CaselessLiteral}.)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString, identChars=None ):
+        super(CaselessKeyword,self).__init__( matchString, identChars, caseless=True )
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if ( (instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.caselessmatch) and
+             (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen].upper() not in self.identChars) ):
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class CloseMatch(Token):
+    """
+    A variation on L{Literal} which matches "close" matches, that is, 
+    strings with at most 'n' mismatching characters. C{CloseMatch} takes parameters:
+     - C{match_string} - string to be matched
+     - C{maxMismatches} - (C{default=1}) maximum number of mismatches allowed to count as a match
+    
+    The results from a successful parse will contain the matched text from the input string and the following named results:
+     - C{mismatches} - a list of the positions within the match_string where mismatches were found
+     - C{original} - the original match_string used to compare against the input string
+    
+    If C{mismatches} is an empty list, then the match was an exact match.
+    
+    Example::
+        patt = CloseMatch("ATCATCGAATGGA")
+        patt.parseString("ATCATCGAAXGGA") # -> (['ATCATCGAAXGGA'], {'mismatches': [[9]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+        patt.parseString("ATCAXCGAAXGGA") # -> Exception: Expected 'ATCATCGAATGGA' (with up to 1 mismatches) (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+
+        # exact match
+        patt.parseString("ATCATCGAATGGA") # -> (['ATCATCGAATGGA'], {'mismatches': [[]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+
+        # close match allowing up to 2 mismatches
+        patt = CloseMatch("ATCATCGAATGGA", maxMismatches=2)
+        patt.parseString("ATCAXCGAAXGGA") # -> (['ATCAXCGAAXGGA'], {'mismatches': [[4, 9]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+    """
+    def __init__(self, match_string, maxMismatches=1):
+        super(CloseMatch,self).__init__()
+        self.name = match_string
+        self.match_string = match_string
+        self.maxMismatches = maxMismatches
+        self.errmsg = "Expected %r (with up to %d mismatches)" % (self.match_string, self.maxMismatches)
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        start = loc
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        maxloc = start + len(self.match_string)
+
+        if maxloc <= instrlen:
+            match_string = self.match_string
+            match_stringloc = 0
+            mismatches = []
+            maxMismatches = self.maxMismatches
+
+            for match_stringloc,s_m in enumerate(zip(instring[loc:maxloc], self.match_string)):
+                src,mat = s_m
+                if src != mat:
+                    mismatches.append(match_stringloc)
+                    if len(mismatches) > maxMismatches:
+                        break
+            else:
+                loc = match_stringloc + 1
+                results = ParseResults([instring[start:loc]])
+                results['original'] = self.match_string
+                results['mismatches'] = mismatches
+                return loc, results
+
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class Word(Token):
+    """
+    Token for matching words composed of allowed character sets.
+    Defined with string containing all allowed initial characters,
+    an optional string containing allowed body characters (if omitted,
+    defaults to the initial character set), and an optional minimum,
+    maximum, and/or exact length.  The default value for C{min} is 1 (a
+    minimum value < 1 is not valid); the default values for C{max} and C{exact}
+    are 0, meaning no maximum or exact length restriction. An optional
+    C{excludeChars} parameter can list characters that might be found in 
+    the input C{bodyChars} string; useful to define a word of all printables
+    except for one or two characters, for instance.
+    
+    L{srange} is useful for defining custom character set strings for defining 
+    C{Word} expressions, using range notation from regular expression character sets.
+    
+    A common mistake is to use C{Word} to match a specific literal string, as in 
+    C{Word("Address")}. Remember that C{Word} uses the string argument to define
+    I{sets} of matchable characters. This expression would match "Add", "AAA",
+    "dAred", or any other word made up of the characters 'A', 'd', 'r', 'e', and 's'.
+    To match an exact literal string, use L{Literal} or L{Keyword}.
+
+    pyparsing includes helper strings for building Words:
+     - L{alphas}
+     - L{nums}
+     - L{alphanums}
+     - L{hexnums}
+     - L{alphas8bit} (alphabetic characters in ASCII range 128-255 - accented, tilded, umlauted, etc.)
+     - L{punc8bit} (non-alphabetic characters in ASCII range 128-255 - currency, symbols, superscripts, diacriticals, etc.)
+     - L{printables} (any non-whitespace character)
+
+    Example::
+        # a word composed of digits
+        integer = Word(nums) # equivalent to Word("0123456789") or Word(srange("0-9"))
+        
+        # a word with a leading capital, and zero or more lowercase
+        capital_word = Word(alphas.upper(), alphas.lower())
+
+        # hostnames are alphanumeric, with leading alpha, and '-'
+        hostname = Word(alphas, alphanums+'-')
+        
+        # roman numeral (not a strict parser, accepts invalid mix of characters)
+        roman = Word("IVXLCDM")
+        
+        # any string of non-whitespace characters, except for ','
+        csv_value = Word(printables, excludeChars=",")
+    """
+    def __init__( self, initChars, bodyChars=None, min=1, max=0, exact=0, asKeyword=False, excludeChars=None ):
+        super(Word,self).__init__()
+        if excludeChars:
+            initChars = ''.join(c for c in initChars if c not in excludeChars)
+            if bodyChars:
+                bodyChars = ''.join(c for c in bodyChars if c not in excludeChars)
+        self.initCharsOrig = initChars
+        self.initChars = set(initChars)
+        if bodyChars :
+            self.bodyCharsOrig = bodyChars
+            self.bodyChars = set(bodyChars)
+        else:
+            self.bodyCharsOrig = initChars
+            self.bodyChars = set(initChars)
+
+        self.maxSpecified = max > 0
+
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError("cannot specify a minimum length < 1; use Optional(Word()) if zero-length word is permitted")
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.asKeyword = asKeyword
+
+        if ' ' not in self.initCharsOrig+self.bodyCharsOrig and (min==1 and max==0 and exact==0):
+            if self.bodyCharsOrig == self.initCharsOrig:
+                self.reString = "[%s]+" % _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.initCharsOrig)
+            elif len(self.initCharsOrig) == 1:
+                self.reString = "%s[%s]*" % \
+                                      (re.escape(self.initCharsOrig),
+                                      _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.bodyCharsOrig),)
+            else:
+                self.reString = "[%s][%s]*" % \
+                                      (_escapeRegexRangeChars(self.initCharsOrig),
+                                      _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.bodyCharsOrig),)
+            if self.asKeyword:
+                self.reString = r"\b"+self.reString+r"\b"
+            try:
+                self.re = re.compile( self.reString )
+            except Exception:
+                self.re = None
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.re:
+            result = self.re.match(instring,loc)
+            if not result:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+            loc = result.end()
+            return loc, result.group()
+
+        if not(instring[ loc ] in self.initChars):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        bodychars = self.bodyChars
+        maxloc = start + self.maxLen
+        maxloc = min( maxloc, instrlen )
+        while loc < maxloc and instring[loc] in bodychars:
+            loc += 1
+
+        throwException = False
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            throwException = True
+        if self.maxSpecified and loc < instrlen and instring[loc] in bodychars:
+            throwException = True
+        if self.asKeyword:
+            if (start>0 and instring[start-1] in bodychars) or (loc<instrlen and instring[loc] in bodychars):
+                throwException = True
+
+        if throwException:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(Word,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+
+            def charsAsStr(s):
+                if len(s)>4:
+                    return s[:4]+"..."
+                else:
+                    return s
+
+            if ( self.initCharsOrig != self.bodyCharsOrig ):
+                self.strRepr = "W:(%s,%s)" % ( charsAsStr(self.initCharsOrig), charsAsStr(self.bodyCharsOrig) )
+            else:
+                self.strRepr = "W:(%s)" % charsAsStr(self.initCharsOrig)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class Regex(Token):
+    r"""
+    Token for matching strings that match a given regular expression.
+    Defined with string specifying the regular expression in a form recognized by the inbuilt Python re module.
+    If the given regex contains named groups (defined using C{(?P<name>...)}), these will be preserved as 
+    named parse results.
+
+    Example::
+        realnum = Regex(r"[+-]?\d+\.\d*")
+        date = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d\d?)-(?P<day>\d\d?)')
+        # ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/267399/how-do-you-match-only-valid-roman-numerals-with-a-regular-expression
+        roman = Regex(r"M{0,4}(CM|CD|D?C{0,3})(XC|XL|L?X{0,3})(IX|IV|V?I{0,3})")
+    """
+    compiledREtype = type(re.compile("[A-Z]"))
+    def __init__( self, pattern, flags=0):
+        """The parameters C{pattern} and C{flags} are passed to the C{re.compile()} function as-is. See the Python C{re} module for an explanation of the acceptable patterns and flags."""
+        super(Regex,self).__init__()
+
+        if isinstance(pattern, basestring):
+            if not pattern:
+                warnings.warn("null string passed to Regex; use Empty() instead",
+                        SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+            self.pattern = pattern
+            self.flags = flags
+
+            try:
+                self.re = re.compile(self.pattern, self.flags)
+                self.reString = self.pattern
+            except sre_constants.error:
+                warnings.warn("invalid pattern (%s) passed to Regex" % pattern,
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+                raise
+
+        elif isinstance(pattern, Regex.compiledREtype):
+            self.re = pattern
+            self.pattern = \
+            self.reString = str(pattern)
+            self.flags = flags
+            
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Regex may only be constructed with a string or a compiled RE object")
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        result = self.re.match(instring,loc)
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        d = result.groupdict()
+        ret = ParseResults(result.group())
+        if d:
+            for k in d:
+                ret[k] = d[k]
+        return loc,ret
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(Regex,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "Re:(%s)" % repr(self.pattern)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class QuotedString(Token):
+    r"""
+    Token for matching strings that are delimited by quoting characters.
+    
+    Defined with the following parameters:
+        - quoteChar - string of one or more characters defining the quote delimiting string
+        - escChar - character to escape quotes, typically backslash (default=C{None})
+        - escQuote - special quote sequence to escape an embedded quote string (such as SQL's "" to escape an embedded ") (default=C{None})
+        - multiline - boolean indicating whether quotes can span multiple lines (default=C{False})
+        - unquoteResults - boolean indicating whether the matched text should be unquoted (default=C{True})
+        - endQuoteChar - string of one or more characters defining the end of the quote delimited string (default=C{None} => same as quoteChar)
+        - convertWhitespaceEscapes - convert escaped whitespace (C{'\t'}, C{'\n'}, etc.) to actual whitespace (default=C{True})
+
+    Example::
+        qs = QuotedString('"')
+        print(qs.searchString('lsjdf "This is the quote" sldjf'))
+        complex_qs = QuotedString('{{', endQuoteChar='}}')
+        print(complex_qs.searchString('lsjdf {{This is the "quote"}} sldjf'))
+        sql_qs = QuotedString('"', escQuote='""')
+        print(sql_qs.searchString('lsjdf "This is the quote with ""embedded"" quotes" sldjf'))
+    prints::
+        [['This is the quote']]
+        [['This is the "quote"']]
+        [['This is the quote with "embedded" quotes']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, quoteChar, escChar=None, escQuote=None, multiline=False, unquoteResults=True, endQuoteChar=None, convertWhitespaceEscapes=True):
+        super(QuotedString,self).__init__()
+
+        # remove white space from quote chars - wont work anyway
+        quoteChar = quoteChar.strip()
+        if not quoteChar:
+            warnings.warn("quoteChar cannot be the empty string",SyntaxWarning,stacklevel=2)
+            raise SyntaxError()
+
+        if endQuoteChar is None:
+            endQuoteChar = quoteChar
+        else:
+            endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar.strip()
+            if not endQuoteChar:
+                warnings.warn("endQuoteChar cannot be the empty string",SyntaxWarning,stacklevel=2)
+                raise SyntaxError()
+
+        self.quoteChar = quoteChar
+        self.quoteCharLen = len(quoteChar)
+        self.firstQuoteChar = quoteChar[0]
+        self.endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar
+        self.endQuoteCharLen = len(endQuoteChar)
+        self.escChar = escChar
+        self.escQuote = escQuote
+        self.unquoteResults = unquoteResults
+        self.convertWhitespaceEscapes = convertWhitespaceEscapes
+
+        if multiline:
+            self.flags = re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL
+            self.pattern = r'%s(?:[^%s%s]' % \
+                ( re.escape(self.quoteChar),
+                  _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[0]),
+                  (escChar is not None and _escapeRegexRangeChars(escChar) or '') )
+        else:
+            self.flags = 0
+            self.pattern = r'%s(?:[^%s\n\r%s]' % \
+                ( re.escape(self.quoteChar),
+                  _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[0]),
+                  (escChar is not None and _escapeRegexRangeChars(escChar) or '') )
+        if len(self.endQuoteChar) > 1:
+            self.pattern += (
+                '|(?:' + ')|(?:'.join("%s[^%s]" % (re.escape(self.endQuoteChar[:i]),
+                                               _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[i]))
+                                    for i in range(len(self.endQuoteChar)-1,0,-1)) + ')'
+                )
+        if escQuote:
+            self.pattern += (r'|(?:%s)' % re.escape(escQuote))
+        if escChar:
+            self.pattern += (r'|(?:%s.)' % re.escape(escChar))
+            self.escCharReplacePattern = re.escape(self.escChar)+"(.)"
+        self.pattern += (r')*%s' % re.escape(self.endQuoteChar))
+
+        try:
+            self.re = re.compile(self.pattern, self.flags)
+            self.reString = self.pattern
+        except sre_constants.error:
+            warnings.warn("invalid pattern (%s) passed to Regex" % self.pattern,
+                SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            raise
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        result = instring[loc] == self.firstQuoteChar and self.re.match(instring,loc) or None
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        ret = result.group()
+
+        if self.unquoteResults:
+
+            # strip off quotes
+            ret = ret[self.quoteCharLen:-self.endQuoteCharLen]
+
+            if isinstance(ret,basestring):
+                # replace escaped whitespace
+                if '\\' in ret and self.convertWhitespaceEscapes:
+                    ws_map = {
+                        r'\t' : '\t',
+                        r'\n' : '\n',
+                        r'\f' : '\f',
+                        r'\r' : '\r',
+                    }
+                    for wslit,wschar in ws_map.items():
+                        ret = ret.replace(wslit, wschar)
+
+                # replace escaped characters
+                if self.escChar:
+                    ret = re.sub(self.escCharReplacePattern, r"\g<1>", ret)
+
+                # replace escaped quotes
+                if self.escQuote:
+                    ret = ret.replace(self.escQuote, self.endQuoteChar)
+
+        return loc, ret
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(QuotedString,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "quoted string, starting with %s ending with %s" % (self.quoteChar, self.endQuoteChar)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class CharsNotIn(Token):
+    """
+    Token for matching words composed of characters I{not} in a given set (will
+    include whitespace in matched characters if not listed in the provided exclusion set - see example).
+    Defined with string containing all disallowed characters, and an optional
+    minimum, maximum, and/or exact length.  The default value for C{min} is 1 (a
+    minimum value < 1 is not valid); the default values for C{max} and C{exact}
+    are 0, meaning no maximum or exact length restriction.
+
+    Example::
+        # define a comma-separated-value as anything that is not a ','
+        csv_value = CharsNotIn(',')
+        print(delimitedList(csv_value).parseString("dkls,lsdkjf,s12 34,@!#,213"))
+    prints::
+        ['dkls', 'lsdkjf', 's12 34', '@!#', '213']
+    """
+    def __init__( self, notChars, min=1, max=0, exact=0 ):
+        super(CharsNotIn,self).__init__()
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.notChars = notChars
+
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError("cannot specify a minimum length < 1; use Optional(CharsNotIn()) if zero-length char group is permitted")
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = ( self.minLen == 0 )
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if instring[loc] in self.notChars:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        notchars = self.notChars
+        maxlen = min( start+self.maxLen, len(instring) )
+        while loc < maxlen and \
+              (instring[loc] not in notchars):
+            loc += 1
+
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(CharsNotIn, self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            if len(self.notChars) > 4:
+                self.strRepr = "!W:(%s...)" % self.notChars[:4]
+            else:
+                self.strRepr = "!W:(%s)" % self.notChars
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class White(Token):
+    """
+    Special matching class for matching whitespace.  Normally, whitespace is ignored
+    by pyparsing grammars.  This class is included when some whitespace structures
+    are significant.  Define with a string containing the whitespace characters to be
+    matched; default is C{" \\t\\r\\n"}.  Also takes optional C{min}, C{max}, and C{exact} arguments,
+    as defined for the C{L{Word}} class.
+    """
+    whiteStrs = {
+        " " : "<SPC>",
+        "\t": "<TAB>",
+        "\n": "<LF>",
+        "\r": "<CR>",
+        "\f": "<FF>",
+        }
+    def __init__(self, ws=" \t\r\n", min=1, max=0, exact=0):
+        super(White,self).__init__()
+        self.matchWhite = ws
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( "".join(c for c in self.whiteChars if c not in self.matchWhite) )
+        #~ self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.name = ("".join(White.whiteStrs[c] for c in self.matchWhite))
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if not(instring[ loc ] in self.matchWhite):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        maxloc = start + self.maxLen
+        maxloc = min( maxloc, len(instring) )
+        while loc < maxloc and instring[loc] in self.matchWhite:
+            loc += 1
+
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+
+class _PositionToken(Token):
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(_PositionToken,self).__init__()
+        self.name=self.__class__.__name__
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+class GoToColumn(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Token to advance to a specific column of input text; useful for tabular report scraping.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, colno ):
+        super(GoToColumn,self).__init__()
+        self.col = colno
+
+    def preParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        if col(loc,instring) != self.col:
+            instrlen = len(instring)
+            if self.ignoreExprs:
+                loc = self._skipIgnorables( instring, loc )
+            while loc < instrlen and instring[loc].isspace() and col( loc, instring ) != self.col :
+                loc += 1
+        return loc
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        thiscol = col( loc, instring )
+        if thiscol > self.col:
+            raise ParseException( instring, loc, "Text not in expected column", self )
+        newloc = loc + self.col - thiscol
+        ret = instring[ loc: newloc ]
+        return newloc, ret
+
+
+class LineStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the beginning of a line within the parse string
+    
+    Example::
+    
+        test = '''\
+        AAA this line
+        AAA and this line
+          AAA but not this one
+        B AAA and definitely not this one
+        '''
+
+        for t in (LineStart() + 'AAA' + restOfLine).searchString(test):
+            print(t)
+    
+    Prints::
+        ['AAA', ' this line']
+        ['AAA', ' and this line']    
+
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(LineStart,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected start of line"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if col(loc, instring) == 1:
+            return loc, []
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class LineEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the end of a line within the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(LineEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS.replace("\n","") )
+        self.errmsg = "Expected end of line"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc<len(instring):
+            if instring[loc] == "\n":
+                return loc+1, "\n"
+            else:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        elif loc == len(instring):
+            return loc+1, []
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class StringStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the beginning of the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(StringStart,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected start of text"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc != 0:
+            # see if entire string up to here is just whitespace and ignoreables
+            if loc != self.preParse( instring, 0 ):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+class StringEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the end of the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(StringEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected end of text"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc < len(instring):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        elif loc == len(instring):
+            return loc+1, []
+        elif loc > len(instring):
+            return loc, []
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class WordStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if the current position is at the beginning of a Word, and
+    is not preceded by any character in a given set of C{wordChars}
+    (default=C{printables}). To emulate the C{\b} behavior of regular expressions,
+    use C{WordStart(alphanums)}. C{WordStart} will also match at the beginning of
+    the string being parsed, or at the beginning of a line.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, wordChars = printables):
+        super(WordStart,self).__init__()
+        self.wordChars = set(wordChars)
+        self.errmsg = "Not at the start of a word"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc != 0:
+            if (instring[loc-1] in self.wordChars or
+                instring[loc] not in self.wordChars):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+class WordEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if the current position is at the end of a Word, and
+    is not followed by any character in a given set of C{wordChars}
+    (default=C{printables}). To emulate the C{\b} behavior of regular expressions,
+    use C{WordEnd(alphanums)}. C{WordEnd} will also match at the end of
+    the string being parsed, or at the end of a line.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, wordChars = printables):
+        super(WordEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.wordChars = set(wordChars)
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.errmsg = "Not at the end of a word"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        if instrlen>0 and loc<instrlen:
+            if (instring[loc] in self.wordChars or
+                instring[loc-1] not in self.wordChars):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class ParseExpression(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of ParserElement, for combining and post-processing parsed tokens.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(ParseExpression,self).__init__(savelist)
+        if isinstance( exprs, _generatorType ):
+            exprs = list(exprs)
+
+        if isinstance( exprs, basestring ):
+            self.exprs = [ ParserElement._literalStringClass( exprs ) ]
+        elif isinstance( exprs, Iterable ):
+            exprs = list(exprs)
+            # if sequence of strings provided, wrap with Literal
+            if all(isinstance(expr, basestring) for expr in exprs):
+                exprs = map(ParserElement._literalStringClass, exprs)
+            self.exprs = list(exprs)
+        else:
+            try:
+                self.exprs = list( exprs )
+            except TypeError:
+                self.exprs = [ exprs ]
+        self.callPreparse = False
+
+    def __getitem__( self, i ):
+        return self.exprs[i]
+
+    def append( self, other ):
+        self.exprs.append( other )
+        self.strRepr = None
+        return self
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        """Extends C{leaveWhitespace} defined in base class, and also invokes C{leaveWhitespace} on
+           all contained expressions."""
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.exprs = [ e.copy() for e in self.exprs ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.leaveWhitespace()
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                super( ParseExpression, self).ignore( other )
+                for e in self.exprs:
+                    e.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        else:
+            super( ParseExpression, self).ignore( other )
+            for e in self.exprs:
+                e.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        return self
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(ParseExpression,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "%s:(%s)" % ( self.__class__.__name__, _ustr(self.exprs) )
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        super(ParseExpression,self).streamline()
+
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.streamline()
+
+        # collapse nested And's of the form And( And( And( a,b), c), d) to And( a,b,c,d )
+        # but only if there are no parse actions or resultsNames on the nested And's
+        # (likewise for Or's and MatchFirst's)
+        if ( len(self.exprs) == 2 ):
+            other = self.exprs[0]
+            if ( isinstance( other, self.__class__ ) and
+                  not(other.parseAction) and
+                  other.resultsName is None and
+                  not other.debug ):
+                self.exprs = other.exprs[:] + [ self.exprs[1] ]
+                self.strRepr = None
+                self.mayReturnEmpty |= other.mayReturnEmpty
+                self.mayIndexError  |= other.mayIndexError
+
+            other = self.exprs[-1]
+            if ( isinstance( other, self.__class__ ) and
+                  not(other.parseAction) and
+                  other.resultsName is None and
+                  not other.debug ):
+                self.exprs = self.exprs[:-1] + other.exprs[:]
+                self.strRepr = None
+                self.mayReturnEmpty |= other.mayReturnEmpty
+                self.mayIndexError  |= other.mayIndexError
+
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + _ustr(self)
+        
+        return self
+
+    def setResultsName( self, name, listAllMatches=False ):
+        ret = super(ParseExpression,self).setResultsName(name,listAllMatches)
+        return ret
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+        
+    def copy(self):
+        ret = super(ParseExpression,self).copy()
+        ret.exprs = [e.copy() for e in self.exprs]
+        return ret
+
+class And(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires all given C{ParseExpression}s to be found in the given order.
+    Expressions may be separated by whitespace.
+    May be constructed using the C{'+'} operator.
+    May also be constructed using the C{'-'} operator, which will suppress backtracking.
+
+    Example::
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        name_expr = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+
+        expr = And([integer("id"),name_expr("name"),integer("age")])
+        # more easily written as:
+        expr = integer("id") + name_expr("name") + integer("age")
+    """
+
+    class _ErrorStop(Empty):
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            super(And._ErrorStop,self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            self.name = '-'
+            self.leaveWhitespace()
+
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = True ):
+        super(And,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( self.exprs[0].whiteChars )
+        self.skipWhitespace = self.exprs[0].skipWhitespace
+        self.callPreparse = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        # pass False as last arg to _parse for first element, since we already
+        # pre-parsed the string as part of our And pre-parsing
+        loc, resultlist = self.exprs[0]._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        errorStop = False
+        for e in self.exprs[1:]:
+            if isinstance(e, And._ErrorStop):
+                errorStop = True
+                continue
+            if errorStop:
+                try:
+                    loc, exprtokens = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                except ParseSyntaxException:
+                    raise
+                except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                    pe.__traceback__ = None
+                    raise ParseSyntaxException._from_exception(pe)
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseSyntaxException(instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self)
+            else:
+                loc, exprtokens = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+            if exprtokens or exprtokens.haskeys():
+                resultlist += exprtokens
+        return loc, resultlist
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #And( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+            if not e.mayReturnEmpty:
+                break
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class Or(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires that at least one C{ParseExpression} is found.
+    If two expressions match, the expression that matches the longest string will be used.
+    May be constructed using the C{'^'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        # construct Or using '^' operator
+        
+        number = Word(nums) ^ Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789"))
+    prints::
+        [['123'], ['3.1416'], ['789']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(Or,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        maxExcLoc = -1
+        maxException = None
+        matches = []
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            try:
+                loc2 = e.tryParse( instring, loc )
+            except ParseException as err:
+                err.__traceback__ = None
+                if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = err
+                    maxExcLoc = err.loc
+            except IndexError:
+                if len(instring) > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = ParseException(instring,len(instring),e.errmsg,self)
+                    maxExcLoc = len(instring)
+            else:
+                # save match among all matches, to retry longest to shortest
+                matches.append((loc2, e))
+
+        if matches:
+            matches.sort(key=lambda x: -x[0])
+            for _,e in matches:
+                try:
+                    return e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                except ParseException as err:
+                    err.__traceback__ = None
+                    if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                        maxException = err
+                        maxExcLoc = err.loc
+
+        if maxException is not None:
+            maxException.msg = self.errmsg
+            raise maxException
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, "no defined alternatives to match", self)
+
+
+    def __ixor__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #Or( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " ^ ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class MatchFirst(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires that at least one C{ParseExpression} is found.
+    If two expressions match, the first one listed is the one that will match.
+    May be constructed using the C{'|'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        # construct MatchFirst using '|' operator
+        
+        # watch the order of expressions to match
+        number = Word(nums) | Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789")) #  Fail! -> [['123'], ['3'], ['1416'], ['789']]
+
+        # put more selective expression first
+        number = Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums)) | Word(nums)
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789")) #  Better -> [['123'], ['3.1416'], ['789']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(MatchFirst,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        maxExcLoc = -1
+        maxException = None
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            try:
+                ret = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                return ret
+            except ParseException as err:
+                if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = err
+                    maxExcLoc = err.loc
+            except IndexError:
+                if len(instring) > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = ParseException(instring,len(instring),e.errmsg,self)
+                    maxExcLoc = len(instring)
+
+        # only got here if no expression matched, raise exception for match that made it the furthest
+        else:
+            if maxException is not None:
+                maxException.msg = self.errmsg
+                raise maxException
+            else:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, "no defined alternatives to match", self)
+
+    def __ior__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #MatchFirst( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " | ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class Each(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires all given C{ParseExpression}s to be found, but in any order.
+    Expressions may be separated by whitespace.
+    May be constructed using the C{'&'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        color = oneOf("RED ORANGE YELLOW GREEN BLUE PURPLE BLACK WHITE BROWN")
+        shape_type = oneOf("SQUARE CIRCLE TRIANGLE STAR HEXAGON OCTAGON")
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        shape_attr = "shape:" + shape_type("shape")
+        posn_attr = "posn:" + Group(integer("x") + ',' + integer("y"))("posn")
+        color_attr = "color:" + color("color")
+        size_attr = "size:" + integer("size")
+
+        # use Each (using operator '&') to accept attributes in any order 
+        # (shape and posn are required, color and size are optional)
+        shape_spec = shape_attr & posn_attr & Optional(color_attr) & Optional(size_attr)
+
+        shape_spec.runTests('''
+            shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: 100, 120
+            shape: CIRCLE size: 50 color: BLUE posn: 50,80
+            color:GREEN size:20 shape:TRIANGLE posn:20,40
+            '''
+            )
+    prints::
+        shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: 100, 120
+        ['shape:', 'SQUARE', 'color:', 'BLACK', 'posn:', ['100', ',', '120']]
+        - color: BLACK
+        - posn: ['100', ',', '120']
+          - x: 100
+          - y: 120
+        - shape: SQUARE
+
+
+        shape: CIRCLE size: 50 color: BLUE posn: 50,80
+        ['shape:', 'CIRCLE', 'size:', '50', 'color:', 'BLUE', 'posn:', ['50', ',', '80']]
+        - color: BLUE
+        - posn: ['50', ',', '80']
+          - x: 50
+          - y: 80
+        - shape: CIRCLE
+        - size: 50
+
+
+        color: GREEN size: 20 shape: TRIANGLE posn: 20,40
+        ['color:', 'GREEN', 'size:', '20', 'shape:', 'TRIANGLE', 'posn:', ['20', ',', '40']]
+        - color: GREEN
+        - posn: ['20', ',', '40']
+          - x: 20
+          - y: 40
+        - shape: TRIANGLE
+        - size: 20
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = True ):
+        super(Each,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.initExprGroups = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.initExprGroups:
+            self.opt1map = dict((id(e.expr),e) for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional))
+            opt1 = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional) ]
+            opt2 = [ e for e in self.exprs if e.mayReturnEmpty and not isinstance(e,Optional)]
+            self.optionals = opt1 + opt2
+            self.multioptionals = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,ZeroOrMore) ]
+            self.multirequired = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,OneOrMore) ]
+            self.required = [ e for e in self.exprs if not isinstance(e,(Optional,ZeroOrMore,OneOrMore)) ]
+            self.required += self.multirequired
+            self.initExprGroups = False
+        tmpLoc = loc
+        tmpReqd = self.required[:]
+        tmpOpt  = self.optionals[:]
+        matchOrder = []
+
+        keepMatching = True
+        while keepMatching:
+            tmpExprs = tmpReqd + tmpOpt + self.multioptionals + self.multirequired
+            failed = []
+            for e in tmpExprs:
+                try:
+                    tmpLoc = e.tryParse( instring, tmpLoc )
+                except ParseException:
+                    failed.append(e)
+                else:
+                    matchOrder.append(self.opt1map.get(id(e),e))
+                    if e in tmpReqd:
+                        tmpReqd.remove(e)
+                    elif e in tmpOpt:
+                        tmpOpt.remove(e)
+            if len(failed) == len(tmpExprs):
+                keepMatching = False
+
+        if tmpReqd:
+            missing = ", ".join(_ustr(e) for e in tmpReqd)
+            raise ParseException(instring,loc,"Missing one or more required elements (%s)" % missing )
+
+        # add any unmatched Optionals, in case they have default values defined
+        matchOrder += [e for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional) and e.expr in tmpOpt]
+
+        resultlist = []
+        for e in matchOrder:
+            loc,results = e._parse(instring,loc,doActions)
+            resultlist.append(results)
+
+        finalResults = sum(resultlist, ParseResults([]))
+        return loc, finalResults
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " & ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class ParseElementEnhance(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of C{ParserElement}, for combining and post-processing parsed tokens.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, savelist=False ):
+        super(ParseElementEnhance,self).__init__(savelist)
+        if isinstance( expr, basestring ):
+            if issubclass(ParserElement._literalStringClass, Token):
+                expr = ParserElement._literalStringClass(expr)
+            else:
+                expr = ParserElement._literalStringClass(Literal(expr))
+        self.expr = expr
+        self.strRepr = None
+        if expr is not None:
+            self.mayIndexError = expr.mayIndexError
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = expr.mayReturnEmpty
+            self.setWhitespaceChars( expr.whiteChars )
+            self.skipWhitespace = expr.skipWhitespace
+            self.saveAsList = expr.saveAsList
+            self.callPreparse = expr.callPreparse
+            self.ignoreExprs.extend(expr.ignoreExprs)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            return self.expr._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        else:
+            raise ParseException("",loc,self.errmsg,self)
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.expr = self.expr.copy()
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.leaveWhitespace()
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                super( ParseElementEnhance, self).ignore( other )
+                if self.expr is not None:
+                    self.expr.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        else:
+            super( ParseElementEnhance, self).ignore( other )
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        return self
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        super(ParseElementEnhance,self).streamline()
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.streamline()
+        return self
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        if self in parseElementList:
+            raise RecursiveGrammarException( parseElementList+[self] )
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(ParseElementEnhance,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None and self.expr is not None:
+            self.strRepr = "%s:(%s)" % ( self.__class__.__name__, _ustr(self.expr) )
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class FollowedBy(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Lookahead matching of the given parse expression.  C{FollowedBy}
+    does I{not} advance the parsing position within the input string, it only
+    verifies that the specified parse expression matches at the current
+    position.  C{FollowedBy} always returns a null token list.
+
+    Example::
+        # use FollowedBy to match a label only if it is followed by a ':'
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString("shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: upper left").pprint()
+    prints::
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['color', 'BLACK'], ['posn', 'upper left']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(FollowedBy,self).__init__(expr)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        self.expr.tryParse( instring, loc )
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class NotAny(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Lookahead to disallow matching with the given parse expression.  C{NotAny}
+    does I{not} advance the parsing position within the input string, it only
+    verifies that the specified parse expression does I{not} match at the current
+    position.  Also, C{NotAny} does I{not} skip over leading whitespace. C{NotAny}
+    always returns a null token list.  May be constructed using the '~' operator.
+
+    Example::
+        
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(NotAny,self).__init__(expr)
+        #~ self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.skipWhitespace = False  # do NOT use self.leaveWhitespace(), don't want to propagate to exprs
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.errmsg = "Found unwanted token, "+_ustr(self.expr)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.expr.canParseNext(instring, loc):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "~{" + _ustr(self.expr) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class _MultipleMatch(ParseElementEnhance):
+    def __init__( self, expr, stopOn=None):
+        super(_MultipleMatch, self).__init__(expr)
+        self.saveAsList = True
+        ender = stopOn
+        if isinstance(ender, basestring):
+            ender = ParserElement._literalStringClass(ender)
+        self.not_ender = ~ender if ender is not None else None
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        self_expr_parse = self.expr._parse
+        self_skip_ignorables = self._skipIgnorables
+        check_ender = self.not_ender is not None
+        if check_ender:
+            try_not_ender = self.not_ender.tryParse
+        
+        # must be at least one (but first see if we are the stopOn sentinel;
+        # if so, fail)
+        if check_ender:
+            try_not_ender(instring, loc)
+        loc, tokens = self_expr_parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        try:
+            hasIgnoreExprs = (not not self.ignoreExprs)
+            while 1:
+                if check_ender:
+                    try_not_ender(instring, loc)
+                if hasIgnoreExprs:
+                    preloc = self_skip_ignorables( instring, loc )
+                else:
+                    preloc = loc
+                loc, tmptokens = self_expr_parse( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                if tmptokens or tmptokens.haskeys():
+                    tokens += tmptokens
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            pass
+
+        return loc, tokens
+        
+class OneOrMore(_MultipleMatch):
+    """
+    Repetition of one or more of the given expression.
+    
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match one or more times
+     - stopOn - (default=C{None}) - expression for a terminating sentinel
+          (only required if the sentinel would ordinarily match the repetition 
+          expression)          
+
+    Example::
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word).setParseAction(' '.join))
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: BLACK"
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).pprint()  # Fail! read 'color' as data instead of next label -> [['shape', 'SQUARE color']]
+
+        # use stopOn attribute for OneOrMore to avoid reading label string as part of the data
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).pprint() # Better -> [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'BLACK']]
+        
+        # could also be written as
+        (attr_expr * (1,)).parseString(text).pprint()
+    """
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + _ustr(self.expr) + "}..."
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class ZeroOrMore(_MultipleMatch):
+    """
+    Optional repetition of zero or more of the given expression.
+    
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match zero or more times
+     - stopOn - (default=C{None}) - expression for a terminating sentinel
+          (only required if the sentinel would ordinarily match the repetition 
+          expression)          
+
+    Example: similar to L{OneOrMore}
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, stopOn=None):
+        super(ZeroOrMore,self).__init__(expr, stopOn=stopOn)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        try:
+            return super(ZeroOrMore, self).parseImpl(instring, loc, doActions)
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            return loc, []
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "[" + _ustr(self.expr) + "]..."
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class _NullToken(object):
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return False
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ""
+
+_optionalNotMatched = _NullToken()
+class Optional(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Optional matching of the given expression.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match zero or more times
+     - default (optional) - value to be returned if the optional expression is not found.
+
+    Example::
+        # US postal code can be a 5-digit zip, plus optional 4-digit qualifier
+        zip = Combine(Word(nums, exact=5) + Optional('-' + Word(nums, exact=4)))
+        zip.runTests('''
+            # traditional ZIP code
+            12345
+            
+            # ZIP+4 form
+            12101-0001
+            
+            # invalid ZIP
+            98765-
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        # traditional ZIP code
+        12345
+        ['12345']
+
+        # ZIP+4 form
+        12101-0001
+        ['12101-0001']
+
+        # invalid ZIP
+        98765-
+             ^
+        FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 5), (line:1, col:6)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, default=_optionalNotMatched ):
+        super(Optional,self).__init__( expr, savelist=False )
+        self.saveAsList = self.expr.saveAsList
+        self.defaultValue = default
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        try:
+            loc, tokens = self.expr._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            if self.defaultValue is not _optionalNotMatched:
+                if self.expr.resultsName:
+                    tokens = ParseResults([ self.defaultValue ])
+                    tokens[self.expr.resultsName] = self.defaultValue
+                else:
+                    tokens = [ self.defaultValue ]
+            else:
+                tokens = []
+        return loc, tokens
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "[" + _ustr(self.expr) + "]"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class SkipTo(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Token for skipping over all undefined text until the matched expression is found.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - target expression marking the end of the data to be skipped
+     - include - (default=C{False}) if True, the target expression is also parsed 
+          (the skipped text and target expression are returned as a 2-element list).
+     - ignore - (default=C{None}) used to define grammars (typically quoted strings and 
+          comments) that might contain false matches to the target expression
+     - failOn - (default=C{None}) define expressions that are not allowed to be 
+          included in the skipped test; if found before the target expression is found, 
+          the SkipTo is not a match
+
+    Example::
+        report = '''
+            Outstanding Issues Report - 1 Jan 2000
+
+               # | Severity | Description                               |  Days Open
+            -----+----------+-------------------------------------------+-----------
+             101 | Critical | Intermittent system crash                 |          6
+              94 | Cosmetic | Spelling error on Login ('log|n')         |         14
+              79 | Minor    | System slow when running too many reports |         47
+            '''
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        SEP = Suppress('|')
+        # use SkipTo to simply match everything up until the next SEP
+        # - ignore quoted strings, so that a '|' character inside a quoted string does not match
+        # - parse action will call token.strip() for each matched token, i.e., the description body
+        string_data = SkipTo(SEP, ignore=quotedString)
+        string_data.setParseAction(tokenMap(str.strip))
+        ticket_expr = (integer("issue_num") + SEP 
+                      + string_data("sev") + SEP 
+                      + string_data("desc") + SEP 
+                      + integer("days_open"))
+        
+        for tkt in ticket_expr.searchString(report):
+            print tkt.dump()
+    prints::
+        ['101', 'Critical', 'Intermittent system crash', '6']
+        - days_open: 6
+        - desc: Intermittent system crash
+        - issue_num: 101
+        - sev: Critical
+        ['94', 'Cosmetic', "Spelling error on Login ('log|n')", '14']
+        - days_open: 14
+        - desc: Spelling error on Login ('log|n')
+        - issue_num: 94
+        - sev: Cosmetic
+        ['79', 'Minor', 'System slow when running too many reports', '47']
+        - days_open: 47
+        - desc: System slow when running too many reports
+        - issue_num: 79
+        - sev: Minor
+    """
+    def __init__( self, other, include=False, ignore=None, failOn=None ):
+        super( SkipTo, self ).__init__( other )
+        self.ignoreExpr = ignore
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.includeMatch = include
+        self.asList = False
+        if isinstance(failOn, basestring):
+            self.failOn = ParserElement._literalStringClass(failOn)
+        else:
+            self.failOn = failOn
+        self.errmsg = "No match found for "+_ustr(self.expr)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        startloc = loc
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        expr = self.expr
+        expr_parse = self.expr._parse
+        self_failOn_canParseNext = self.failOn.canParseNext if self.failOn is not None else None
+        self_ignoreExpr_tryParse = self.ignoreExpr.tryParse if self.ignoreExpr is not None else None
+        
+        tmploc = loc
+        while tmploc <= instrlen:
+            if self_failOn_canParseNext is not None:
+                # break if failOn expression matches
+                if self_failOn_canParseNext(instring, tmploc):
+                    break
+                    
+            if self_ignoreExpr_tryParse is not None:
+                # advance past ignore expressions
+                while 1:
+                    try:
+                        tmploc = self_ignoreExpr_tryParse(instring, tmploc)
+                    except ParseBaseException:
+                        break
+            
+            try:
+                expr_parse(instring, tmploc, doActions=False, callPreParse=False)
+            except (ParseException, IndexError):
+                # no match, advance loc in string
+                tmploc += 1
+            else:
+                # matched skipto expr, done
+                break
+
+        else:
+            # ran off the end of the input string without matching skipto expr, fail
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        # build up return values
+        loc = tmploc
+        skiptext = instring[startloc:loc]
+        skipresult = ParseResults(skiptext)
+        
+        if self.includeMatch:
+            loc, mat = expr_parse(instring,loc,doActions,callPreParse=False)
+            skipresult += mat
+
+        return loc, skipresult
+
+class Forward(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Forward declaration of an expression to be defined later -
+    used for recursive grammars, such as algebraic infix notation.
+    When the expression is known, it is assigned to the C{Forward} variable using the '<<' operator.
+
+    Note: take care when assigning to C{Forward} not to overlook precedence of operators.
+    Specifically, '|' has a lower precedence than '<<', so that::
+        fwdExpr << a | b | c
+    will actually be evaluated as::
+        (fwdExpr << a) | b | c
+    thereby leaving b and c out as parseable alternatives.  It is recommended that you
+    explicitly group the values inserted into the C{Forward}::
+        fwdExpr << (a | b | c)
+    Converting to use the '<<=' operator instead will avoid this problem.
+
+    See L{ParseResults.pprint} for an example of a recursive parser created using
+    C{Forward}.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, other=None ):
+        super(Forward,self).__init__( other, savelist=False )
+
+    def __lshift__( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass(other)
+        self.expr = other
+        self.strRepr = None
+        self.mayIndexError = self.expr.mayIndexError
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = self.expr.mayReturnEmpty
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( self.expr.whiteChars )
+        self.skipWhitespace = self.expr.skipWhitespace
+        self.saveAsList = self.expr.saveAsList
+        self.ignoreExprs.extend(self.expr.ignoreExprs)
+        return self
+        
+    def __ilshift__(self, other):
+        return self << other
+    
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        return self
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamlined = True
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.streamline()
+        return self
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        if self not in validateTrace:
+            tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion([])
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + ": ..."
+
+        # stubbed out for now - creates awful memory and perf issues
+        self._revertClass = self.__class__
+        self.__class__ = _ForwardNoRecurse
+        try:
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                retString = _ustr(self.expr)
+            else:
+                retString = "None"
+        finally:
+            self.__class__ = self._revertClass
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + ": " + retString
+
+    def copy(self):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            return super(Forward,self).copy()
+        else:
+            ret = Forward()
+            ret <<= self
+            return ret
+
+class _ForwardNoRecurse(Forward):
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "..."
+
+class TokenConverter(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of C{ParseExpression}, for converting parsed results.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, savelist=False ):
+        super(TokenConverter,self).__init__( expr )#, savelist )
+        self.saveAsList = False
+
+class Combine(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to concatenate all matching tokens to a single string.
+    By default, the matching patterns must also be contiguous in the input string;
+    this can be disabled by specifying C{'adjacent=False'} in the constructor.
+
+    Example::
+        real = Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums)
+        print(real.parseString('3.1416')) # -> ['3', '.', '1416']
+        # will also erroneously match the following
+        print(real.parseString('3. 1416')) # -> ['3', '.', '1416']
+
+        real = Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(real.parseString('3.1416')) # -> ['3.1416']
+        # no match when there are internal spaces
+        print(real.parseString('3. 1416')) # -> Exception: Expected W:(0123...)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, joinString="", adjacent=True ):
+        super(Combine,self).__init__( expr )
+        # suppress whitespace-stripping in contained parse expressions, but re-enable it on the Combine itself
+        if adjacent:
+            self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.adjacent = adjacent
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.joinString = joinString
+        self.callPreparse = True
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if self.adjacent:
+            ParserElement.ignore(self, other)
+        else:
+            super( Combine, self).ignore( other )
+        return self
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        retToks = tokenlist.copy()
+        del retToks[:]
+        retToks += ParseResults([ "".join(tokenlist._asStringList(self.joinString)) ], modal=self.modalResults)
+
+        if self.resultsName and retToks.haskeys():
+            return [ retToks ]
+        else:
+            return retToks
+
+class Group(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to return the matched tokens as a list - useful for returning tokens of C{L{ZeroOrMore}} and C{L{OneOrMore}} expressions.
+
+    Example::
+        ident = Word(alphas)
+        num = Word(nums)
+        term = ident | num
+        func = ident + Optional(delimitedList(term))
+        print(func.parseString("fn a,b,100"))  # -> ['fn', 'a', 'b', '100']
+
+        func = ident + Group(Optional(delimitedList(term)))
+        print(func.parseString("fn a,b,100"))  # -> ['fn', ['a', 'b', '100']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(Group,self).__init__( expr )
+        self.saveAsList = True
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return [ tokenlist ]
+
+class Dict(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to return a repetitive expression as a list, but also as a dictionary.
+    Each element can also be referenced using the first token in the expression as its key.
+    Useful for tabular report scraping when the first column can be used as a item key.
+
+    Example::
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word).setParseAction(' '.join))
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: light blue texture: burlap"
+        attr_expr = (label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        
+        # print attributes as plain groups
+        print(OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).dump())
+        
+        # instead of OneOrMore(expr), parse using Dict(OneOrMore(Group(expr))) - Dict will auto-assign names
+        result = Dict(OneOrMore(Group(attr_expr))).parseString(text)
+        print(result.dump())
+        
+        # access named fields as dict entries, or output as dict
+        print(result['shape'])        
+        print(result.asDict())
+    prints::
+        ['shape', 'SQUARE', 'posn', 'upper left', 'color', 'light blue', 'texture', 'burlap']
+
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'light blue'], ['texture', 'burlap']]
+        - color: light blue
+        - posn: upper left
+        - shape: SQUARE
+        - texture: burlap
+        SQUARE
+        {'color': 'light blue', 'posn': 'upper left', 'texture': 'burlap', 'shape': 'SQUARE'}
+    See more examples at L{ParseResults} of accessing fields by results name.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(Dict,self).__init__( expr )
+        self.saveAsList = True
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        for i,tok in enumerate(tokenlist):
+            if len(tok) == 0:
+                continue
+            ikey = tok[0]
+            if isinstance(ikey,int):
+                ikey = _ustr(tok[0]).strip()
+            if len(tok)==1:
+                tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset("",i)
+            elif len(tok)==2 and not isinstance(tok[1],ParseResults):
+                tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(tok[1],i)
+            else:
+                dictvalue = tok.copy() #ParseResults(i)
+                del dictvalue[0]
+                if len(dictvalue)!= 1 or (isinstance(dictvalue,ParseResults) and dictvalue.haskeys()):
+                    tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(dictvalue,i)
+                else:
+                    tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(dictvalue[0],i)
+
+        if self.resultsName:
+            return [ tokenlist ]
+        else:
+            return tokenlist
+
+
+class Suppress(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter for ignoring the results of a parsed expression.
+
+    Example::
+        source = "a, b, c,d"
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        wd_list1 = wd + ZeroOrMore(',' + wd)
+        print(wd_list1.parseString(source))
+
+        # often, delimiters that are useful during parsing are just in the
+        # way afterward - use Suppress to keep them out of the parsed output
+        wd_list2 = wd + ZeroOrMore(Suppress(',') + wd)
+        print(wd_list2.parseString(source))
+    prints::
+        ['a', ',', 'b', ',', 'c', ',', 'd']
+        ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+    (See also L{delimitedList}.)
+    """
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return []
+
+    def suppress( self ):
+        return self
+
+
+class OnlyOnce(object):
+    """
+    Wrapper for parse actions, to ensure they are only called once.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, methodCall):
+        self.callable = _trim_arity(methodCall)
+        self.called = False
+    def __call__(self,s,l,t):
+        if not self.called:
+            results = self.callable(s,l,t)
+            self.called = True
+            return results
+        raise ParseException(s,l,"")
+    def reset(self):
+        self.called = False
+
+def traceParseAction(f):
+    """
+    Decorator for debugging parse actions. 
+    
+    When the parse action is called, this decorator will print C{">> entering I{method-name}(line:I{current_source_line}, I{parse_location}, I{matched_tokens})".}
+    When the parse action completes, the decorator will print C{"<<"} followed by the returned value, or any exception that the parse action raised.
+
+    Example::
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+
+        @traceParseAction
+        def remove_duplicate_chars(tokens):
+            return ''.join(sorted(set(''.join(tokens))))
+
+        wds = OneOrMore(wd).setParseAction(remove_duplicate_chars)
+        print(wds.parseString("slkdjs sld sldd sdlf sdljf"))
+    prints::
+        >>entering remove_duplicate_chars(line: 'slkdjs sld sldd sdlf sdljf', 0, (['slkdjs', 'sld', 'sldd', 'sdlf', 'sdljf'], {}))
+        <<leaving remove_duplicate_chars (ret: 'dfjkls')
+        ['dfjkls']
+    """
+    f = _trim_arity(f)
+    def z(*paArgs):
+        thisFunc = f.__name__
+        s,l,t = paArgs[-3:]
+        if len(paArgs)>3:
+            thisFunc = paArgs[0].__class__.__name__ + '.' + thisFunc
+        sys.stderr.write( ">>entering %s(line: '%s', %d, %r)\n" % (thisFunc,line(l,s),l,t) )
+        try:
+            ret = f(*paArgs)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            sys.stderr.write( "<<leaving %s (exception: %s)\n" % (thisFunc,exc) )
+            raise
+        sys.stderr.write( "<<leaving %s (ret: %r)\n" % (thisFunc,ret) )
+        return ret
+    try:
+        z.__name__ = f.__name__
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+    return z
+
+#
+# global helpers
+#
+def delimitedList( expr, delim=",", combine=False ):
+    """
+    Helper to define a delimited list of expressions - the delimiter defaults to ','.
+    By default, the list elements and delimiters can have intervening whitespace, and
+    comments, but this can be overridden by passing C{combine=True} in the constructor.
+    If C{combine} is set to C{True}, the matching tokens are returned as a single token
+    string, with the delimiters included; otherwise, the matching tokens are returned
+    as a list of tokens, with the delimiters suppressed.
+
+    Example::
+        delimitedList(Word(alphas)).parseString("aa,bb,cc") # -> ['aa', 'bb', 'cc']
+        delimitedList(Word(hexnums), delim=':', combine=True).parseString("AA:BB:CC:DD:EE") # -> ['AA:BB:CC:DD:EE']
+    """
+    dlName = _ustr(expr)+" ["+_ustr(delim)+" "+_ustr(expr)+"]..."
+    if combine:
+        return Combine( expr + ZeroOrMore( delim + expr ) ).setName(dlName)
+    else:
+        return ( expr + ZeroOrMore( Suppress( delim ) + expr ) ).setName(dlName)
+
+def countedArray( expr, intExpr=None ):
+    """
+    Helper to define a counted list of expressions.
+    This helper defines a pattern of the form::
+        integer expr expr expr...
+    where the leading integer tells how many expr expressions follow.
+    The matched tokens returns the array of expr tokens as a list - the leading count token is suppressed.
+    
+    If C{intExpr} is specified, it should be a pyparsing expression that produces an integer value.
+
+    Example::
+        countedArray(Word(alphas)).parseString('2 ab cd ef')  # -> ['ab', 'cd']
+
+        # in this parser, the leading integer value is given in binary,
+        # '10' indicating that 2 values are in the array
+        binaryConstant = Word('01').setParseAction(lambda t: int(t[0], 2))
+        countedArray(Word(alphas), intExpr=binaryConstant).parseString('10 ab cd ef')  # -> ['ab', 'cd']
+    """
+    arrayExpr = Forward()
+    def countFieldParseAction(s,l,t):
+        n = t[0]
+        arrayExpr << (n and Group(And([expr]*n)) or Group(empty))
+        return []
+    if intExpr is None:
+        intExpr = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda t:int(t[0]))
+    else:
+        intExpr = intExpr.copy()
+    intExpr.setName("arrayLen")
+    intExpr.addParseAction(countFieldParseAction, callDuringTry=True)
+    return ( intExpr + arrayExpr ).setName('(len) ' + _ustr(expr) + '...')
+
+def _flatten(L):
+    ret = []
+    for i in L:
+        if isinstance(i,list):
+            ret.extend(_flatten(i))
+        else:
+            ret.append(i)
+    return ret
+
+def matchPreviousLiteral(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to define an expression that is indirectly defined from
+    the tokens matched in a previous expression, that is, it looks
+    for a 'repeat' of a previous expression.  For example::
+        first = Word(nums)
+        second = matchPreviousLiteral(first)
+        matchExpr = first + ":" + second
+    will match C{"1:1"}, but not C{"1:2"}.  Because this matches a
+    previous literal, will also match the leading C{"1:1"} in C{"1:10"}.
+    If this is not desired, use C{matchPreviousExpr}.
+    Do I{not} use with packrat parsing enabled.
+    """
+    rep = Forward()
+    def copyTokenToRepeater(s,l,t):
+        if t:
+            if len(t) == 1:
+                rep << t[0]
+            else:
+                # flatten t tokens
+                tflat = _flatten(t.asList())
+                rep << And(Literal(tt) for tt in tflat)
+        else:
+            rep << Empty()
+    expr.addParseAction(copyTokenToRepeater, callDuringTry=True)
+    rep.setName('(prev) ' + _ustr(expr))
+    return rep
+
+def matchPreviousExpr(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to define an expression that is indirectly defined from
+    the tokens matched in a previous expression, that is, it looks
+    for a 'repeat' of a previous expression.  For example::
+        first = Word(nums)
+        second = matchPreviousExpr(first)
+        matchExpr = first + ":" + second
+    will match C{"1:1"}, but not C{"1:2"}.  Because this matches by
+    expressions, will I{not} match the leading C{"1:1"} in C{"1:10"};
+    the expressions are evaluated first, and then compared, so
+    C{"1"} is compared with C{"10"}.
+    Do I{not} use with packrat parsing enabled.
+    """
+    rep = Forward()
+    e2 = expr.copy()
+    rep <<= e2
+    def copyTokenToRepeater(s,l,t):
+        matchTokens = _flatten(t.asList())
+        def mustMatchTheseTokens(s,l,t):
+            theseTokens = _flatten(t.asList())
+            if  theseTokens != matchTokens:
+                raise ParseException("",0,"")
+        rep.setParseAction( mustMatchTheseTokens, callDuringTry=True )
+    expr.addParseAction(copyTokenToRepeater, callDuringTry=True)
+    rep.setName('(prev) ' + _ustr(expr))
+    return rep
+
+def _escapeRegexRangeChars(s):
+    #~  escape these chars: ^-]
+    for c in r"\^-]":
+        s = s.replace(c,_bslash+c)
+    s = s.replace("\n",r"\n")
+    s = s.replace("\t",r"\t")
+    return _ustr(s)
+
+def oneOf( strs, caseless=False, useRegex=True ):
+    """
+    Helper to quickly define a set of alternative Literals, and makes sure to do
+    longest-first testing when there is a conflict, regardless of the input order,
+    but returns a C{L{MatchFirst}} for best performance.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - strs - a string of space-delimited literals, or a collection of string literals
+     - caseless - (default=C{False}) - treat all literals as caseless
+     - useRegex - (default=C{True}) - as an optimization, will generate a Regex
+          object; otherwise, will generate a C{MatchFirst} object (if C{caseless=True}, or
+          if creating a C{Regex} raises an exception)
+
+    Example::
+        comp_oper = oneOf("< = > <= >= !=")
+        var = Word(alphas)
+        number = Word(nums)
+        term = var | number
+        comparison_expr = term + comp_oper + term
+        print(comparison_expr.searchString("B = 12  AA=23 B<=AA AA>12"))
+    prints::
+        [['B', '=', '12'], ['AA', '=', '23'], ['B', '<=', 'AA'], ['AA', '>', '12']]
+    """
+    if caseless:
+        isequal = ( lambda a,b: a.upper() == b.upper() )
+        masks = ( lambda a,b: b.upper().startswith(a.upper()) )
+        parseElementClass = CaselessLiteral
+    else:
+        isequal = ( lambda a,b: a == b )
+        masks = ( lambda a,b: b.startswith(a) )
+        parseElementClass = Literal
+
+    symbols = []
+    if isinstance(strs,basestring):
+        symbols = strs.split()
+    elif isinstance(strs, Iterable):
+        symbols = list(strs)
+    else:
+        warnings.warn("Invalid argument to oneOf, expected string or iterable",
+                SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+    if not symbols:
+        return NoMatch()
+
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(symbols)-1:
+        cur = symbols[i]
+        for j,other in enumerate(symbols[i+1:]):
+            if ( isequal(other, cur) ):
+                del symbols[i+j+1]
+                break
+            elif ( masks(cur, other) ):
+                del symbols[i+j+1]
+                symbols.insert(i,other)
+                cur = other
+                break
+        else:
+            i += 1
+
+    if not caseless and useRegex:
+        #~ print (strs,"->", "|".join( [ _escapeRegexChars(sym) for sym in symbols] ))
+        try:
+            if len(symbols)==len("".join(symbols)):
+                return Regex( "[%s]" % "".join(_escapeRegexRangeChars(sym) for sym in symbols) ).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+            else:
+                return Regex( "|".join(re.escape(sym) for sym in symbols) ).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+        except Exception:
+            warnings.warn("Exception creating Regex for oneOf, building MatchFirst",
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+
+    # last resort, just use MatchFirst
+    return MatchFirst(parseElementClass(sym) for sym in symbols).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+
+def dictOf( key, value ):
+    """
+    Helper to easily and clearly define a dictionary by specifying the respective patterns
+    for the key and value.  Takes care of defining the C{L{Dict}}, C{L{ZeroOrMore}}, and C{L{Group}} tokens
+    in the proper order.  The key pattern can include delimiting markers or punctuation,
+    as long as they are suppressed, thereby leaving the significant key text.  The value
+    pattern can include named results, so that the C{Dict} results can include named token
+    fields.
+
+    Example::
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: light blue texture: burlap"
+        attr_expr = (label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        print(OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).dump())
+        
+        attr_label = label
+        attr_value = Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join)
+
+        # similar to Dict, but simpler call format
+        result = dictOf(attr_label, attr_value).parseString(text)
+        print(result.dump())
+        print(result['shape'])
+        print(result.shape)  # object attribute access works too
+        print(result.asDict())
+    prints::
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'light blue'], ['texture', 'burlap']]
+        - color: light blue
+        - posn: upper left
+        - shape: SQUARE
+        - texture: burlap
+        SQUARE
+        SQUARE
+        {'color': 'light blue', 'shape': 'SQUARE', 'posn': 'upper left', 'texture': 'burlap'}
+    """
+    return Dict( ZeroOrMore( Group ( key + value ) ) )
+
+def originalTextFor(expr, asString=True):
+    """
+    Helper to return the original, untokenized text for a given expression.  Useful to
+    restore the parsed fields of an HTML start tag into the raw tag text itself, or to
+    revert separate tokens with intervening whitespace back to the original matching
+    input text. By default, returns astring containing the original parsed text.  
+       
+    If the optional C{asString} argument is passed as C{False}, then the return value is a 
+    C{L{ParseResults}} containing any results names that were originally matched, and a 
+    single token containing the original matched text from the input string.  So if 
+    the expression passed to C{L{originalTextFor}} contains expressions with defined
+    results names, you must set C{asString} to C{False} if you want to preserve those
+    results name values.
+
+    Example::
+        src = "this is test <b> bold <i>text</i> </b> normal text "
+        for tag in ("b","i"):
+            opener,closer = makeHTMLTags(tag)
+            patt = originalTextFor(opener + SkipTo(closer) + closer)
+            print(patt.searchString(src)[0])
+    prints::
+        ['<b> bold <i>text</i> </b>']
+        ['<i>text</i>']
+    """
+    locMarker = Empty().setParseAction(lambda s,loc,t: loc)
+    endlocMarker = locMarker.copy()
+    endlocMarker.callPreparse = False
+    matchExpr = locMarker("_original_start") + expr + endlocMarker("_original_end")
+    if asString:
+        extractText = lambda s,l,t: s[t._original_start:t._original_end]
+    else:
+        def extractText(s,l,t):
+            t[:] = [s[t.pop('_original_start'):t.pop('_original_end')]]
+    matchExpr.setParseAction(extractText)
+    matchExpr.ignoreExprs = expr.ignoreExprs
+    return matchExpr
+
+def ungroup(expr): 
+    """
+    Helper to undo pyparsing's default grouping of And expressions, even
+    if all but one are non-empty.
+    """
+    return TokenConverter(expr).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0])
+
+def locatedExpr(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to decorate a returned token with its starting and ending locations in the input string.
+    This helper adds the following results names:
+     - locn_start = location where matched expression begins
+     - locn_end = location where matched expression ends
+     - value = the actual parsed results
+
+    Be careful if the input text contains C{<TAB>} characters, you may want to call
+    C{L{ParserElement.parseWithTabs}}
+
+    Example::
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        for match in locatedExpr(wd).searchString("ljsdf123lksdjjf123lkkjj1222"):
+            print(match)
+    prints::
+        [[0, 'ljsdf', 5]]
+        [[8, 'lksdjjf', 15]]
+        [[18, 'lkkjj', 23]]
+    """
+    locator = Empty().setParseAction(lambda s,l,t: l)
+    return Group(locator("locn_start") + expr("value") + locator.copy().leaveWhitespace()("locn_end"))
+
+
+# convenience constants for positional expressions
+empty       = Empty().setName("empty")
+lineStart   = LineStart().setName("lineStart")
+lineEnd     = LineEnd().setName("lineEnd")
+stringStart = StringStart().setName("stringStart")
+stringEnd   = StringEnd().setName("stringEnd")
+
+_escapedPunc = Word( _bslash, r"\[]-*.$+^?()~ ", exact=2 ).setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0][1])
+_escapedHexChar = Regex(r"\\0?[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:unichr(int(t[0].lstrip(r'\0x'),16)))
+_escapedOctChar = Regex(r"\\0[0-7]+").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:unichr(int(t[0][1:],8)))
+_singleChar = _escapedPunc | _escapedHexChar | _escapedOctChar | CharsNotIn(r'\]', exact=1)
+_charRange = Group(_singleChar + Suppress("-") + _singleChar)
+_reBracketExpr = Literal("[") + Optional("^").setResultsName("negate") + Group( OneOrMore( _charRange | _singleChar ) ).setResultsName("body") + "]"
+
+def srange(s):
+    r"""
+    Helper to easily define string ranges for use in Word construction.  Borrows
+    syntax from regexp '[]' string range definitions::
+        srange("[0-9]")   -> "0123456789"
+        srange("[a-z]")   -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+        srange("[a-z$_]") -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz$_"
+    The input string must be enclosed in []'s, and the returned string is the expanded
+    character set joined into a single string.
+    The values enclosed in the []'s may be:
+     - a single character
+     - an escaped character with a leading backslash (such as C{\-} or C{\]})
+     - an escaped hex character with a leading C{'\x'} (C{\x21}, which is a C{'!'} character) 
+         (C{\0x##} is also supported for backwards compatibility) 
+     - an escaped octal character with a leading C{'\0'} (C{\041}, which is a C{'!'} character)
+     - a range of any of the above, separated by a dash (C{'a-z'}, etc.)
+     - any combination of the above (C{'aeiouy'}, C{'a-zA-Z0-9_$'}, etc.)
+    """
+    _expanded = lambda p: p if not isinstance(p,ParseResults) else ''.join(unichr(c) for c in range(ord(p[0]),ord(p[1])+1))
+    try:
+        return "".join(_expanded(part) for part in _reBracketExpr.parseString(s).body)
+    except Exception:
+        return ""
+
+def matchOnlyAtCol(n):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining parse actions that require matching at a specific
+    column in the input text.
+    """
+    def verifyCol(strg,locn,toks):
+        if col(locn,strg) != n:
+            raise ParseException(strg,locn,"matched token not at column %d" % n)
+    return verifyCol
+
+def replaceWith(replStr):
+    """
+    Helper method for common parse actions that simply return a literal value.  Especially
+    useful when used with C{L{transformString<ParserElement.transformString>}()}.
+
+    Example::
+        num = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+        na = oneOf("N/A NA").setParseAction(replaceWith(math.nan))
+        term = na | num
+        
+        OneOrMore(term).parseString("324 234 N/A 234") # -> [324, 234, nan, 234]
+    """
+    return lambda s,l,t: [replStr]
+
+def removeQuotes(s,l,t):
+    """
+    Helper parse action for removing quotation marks from parsed quoted strings.
+
+    Example::
+        # by default, quotation marks are included in parsed results
+        quotedString.parseString("'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'") # -> ["'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'"]
+
+        # use removeQuotes to strip quotation marks from parsed results
+        quotedString.setParseAction(removeQuotes)
+        quotedString.parseString("'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'") # -> ["Now is the Winter of our Discontent"]
+    """
+    return t[0][1:-1]
+
+def tokenMap(func, *args):
+    """
+    Helper to define a parse action by mapping a function to all elements of a ParseResults list.If any additional 
+    args are passed, they are forwarded to the given function as additional arguments after
+    the token, as in C{hex_integer = Word(hexnums).setParseAction(tokenMap(int, 16))}, which will convert the
+    parsed data to an integer using base 16.
+
+    Example (compare the last to example in L{ParserElement.transformString}::
+        hex_ints = OneOrMore(Word(hexnums)).setParseAction(tokenMap(int, 16))
+        hex_ints.runTests('''
+            00 11 22 aa FF 0a 0d 1a
+            ''')
+        
+        upperword = Word(alphas).setParseAction(tokenMap(str.upper))
+        OneOrMore(upperword).runTests('''
+            my kingdom for a horse
+            ''')
+
+        wd = Word(alphas).setParseAction(tokenMap(str.title))
+        OneOrMore(wd).setParseAction(' '.join).runTests('''
+            now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        00 11 22 aa FF 0a 0d 1a
+        [0, 17, 34, 170, 255, 10, 13, 26]
+
+        my kingdom for a horse
+        ['MY', 'KINGDOM', 'FOR', 'A', 'HORSE']
+
+        now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york
+        ['Now Is The Winter Of Our Discontent Made Glorious Summer By This Sun Of York']
+    """
+    def pa(s,l,t):
+        return [func(tokn, *args) for tokn in t]
+
+    try:
+        func_name = getattr(func, '__name__', 
+                            getattr(func, '__class__').__name__)
+    except Exception:
+        func_name = str(func)
+    pa.__name__ = func_name
+
+    return pa
+
+upcaseTokens = tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).upper())
+"""(Deprecated) Helper parse action to convert tokens to upper case. Deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.upcaseTokens}"""
+
+downcaseTokens = tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).lower())
+"""(Deprecated) Helper parse action to convert tokens to lower case. Deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.downcaseTokens}"""
+    
+def _makeTags(tagStr, xml):
+    """Internal helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions, given a tag name"""
+    if isinstance(tagStr,basestring):
+        resname = tagStr
+        tagStr = Keyword(tagStr, caseless=not xml)
+    else:
+        resname = tagStr.name
+
+    tagAttrName = Word(alphas,alphanums+"_-:")
+    if (xml):
+        tagAttrValue = dblQuotedString.copy().setParseAction( removeQuotes )
+        openTag = Suppress("<") + tagStr("tag") + \
+                Dict(ZeroOrMore(Group( tagAttrName + Suppress("=") + tagAttrValue ))) + \
+                Optional("/",default=[False]).setResultsName("empty").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0]=='/') + Suppress(">")
+    else:
+        printablesLessRAbrack = "".join(c for c in printables if c not in ">")
+        tagAttrValue = quotedString.copy().setParseAction( removeQuotes ) | Word(printablesLessRAbrack)
+        openTag = Suppress("<") + tagStr("tag") + \
+                Dict(ZeroOrMore(Group( tagAttrName.setParseAction(downcaseTokens) + \
+                Optional( Suppress("=") + tagAttrValue ) ))) + \
+                Optional("/",default=[False]).setResultsName("empty").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0]=='/') + Suppress(">")
+    closeTag = Combine(_L("</") + tagStr + ">")
+
+    openTag = openTag.setResultsName("start"+"".join(resname.replace(":"," ").title().split())).setName("<%s>" % resname)
+    closeTag = closeTag.setResultsName("end"+"".join(resname.replace(":"," ").title().split())).setName("</%s>" % resname)
+    openTag.tag = resname
+    closeTag.tag = resname
+    return openTag, closeTag
+
+def makeHTMLTags(tagStr):
+    """
+    Helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions for HTML, given a tag name. Matches
+    tags in either upper or lower case, attributes with namespaces and with quoted or unquoted values.
+
+    Example::
+        text = '<td>More info at the <a href="http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com">pyparsing</a> wiki page</td>'
+        # makeHTMLTags returns pyparsing expressions for the opening and closing tags as a 2-tuple
+        a,a_end = makeHTMLTags("A")
+        link_expr = a + SkipTo(a_end)("link_text") + a_end
+        
+        for link in link_expr.searchString(text):
+            # attributes in the <A> tag (like "href" shown here) are also accessible as named results
+            print(link.link_text, '->', link.href)
+    prints::
+        pyparsing -> http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com
+    """
+    return _makeTags( tagStr, False )
+
+def makeXMLTags(tagStr):
+    """
+    Helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions for XML, given a tag name. Matches
+    tags only in the given upper/lower case.
+
+    Example: similar to L{makeHTMLTags}
+    """
+    return _makeTags( tagStr, True )
+
+def withAttribute(*args,**attrDict):
+    """
+    Helper to create a validating parse action to be used with start tags created
+    with C{L{makeXMLTags}} or C{L{makeHTMLTags}}. Use C{withAttribute} to qualify a starting tag
+    with a required attribute value, to avoid false matches on common tags such as
+    C{<TD>} or C{<DIV>}.
+
+    Call C{withAttribute} with a series of attribute names and values. Specify the list
+    of filter attributes names and values as:
+     - keyword arguments, as in C{(align="right")}, or
+     - as an explicit dict with C{**} operator, when an attribute name is also a Python
+          reserved word, as in C{**{"class":"Customer", "align":"right"}}
+     - a list of name-value tuples, as in ( ("ns1:class", "Customer"), ("ns2:align","right") )
+    For attribute names with a namespace prefix, you must use the second form.  Attribute
+    names are matched insensitive to upper/lower case.
+       
+    If just testing for C{class} (with or without a namespace), use C{L{withClass}}.
+
+    To verify that the attribute exists, but without specifying a value, pass
+    C{withAttribute.ANY_VALUE} as the value.
+
+    Example::
+        html = '''
+            <div>
+            Some text
+            <div type="grid">1 4 0 1 0</div>
+            <div type="graph">1,3 2,3 1,1</div>
+            <div>this has no type</div>
+            </div>
+                
+        '''
+        div,div_end = makeHTMLTags("div")
+
+        # only match div tag having a type attribute with value "grid"
+        div_grid = div().setParseAction(withAttribute(type="grid"))
+        grid_expr = div_grid + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for grid_header in grid_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(grid_header.body)
+        
+        # construct a match with any div tag having a type attribute, regardless of the value
+        div_any_type = div().setParseAction(withAttribute(type=withAttribute.ANY_VALUE))
+        div_expr = div_any_type + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for div_header in div_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(div_header.body)
+    prints::
+        1 4 0 1 0
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+        1,3 2,3 1,1
+    """
+    if args:
+        attrs = args[:]
+    else:
+        attrs = attrDict.items()
+    attrs = [(k,v) for k,v in attrs]
+    def pa(s,l,tokens):
+        for attrName,attrValue in attrs:
+            if attrName not in tokens:
+                raise ParseException(s,l,"no matching attribute " + attrName)
+            if attrValue != withAttribute.ANY_VALUE and tokens[attrName] != attrValue:
+                raise ParseException(s,l,"attribute '%s' has value '%s', must be '%s'" %
+                                            (attrName, tokens[attrName], attrValue))
+    return pa
+withAttribute.ANY_VALUE = object()
+
+def withClass(classname, namespace=''):
+    """
+    Simplified version of C{L{withAttribute}} when matching on a div class - made
+    difficult because C{class} is a reserved word in Python.
+
+    Example::
+        html = '''
+            <div>
+            Some text
+            <div class="grid">1 4 0 1 0</div>
+            <div class="graph">1,3 2,3 1,1</div>
+            <div>this &lt;div&gt; has no class</div>
+            </div>
+                
+        '''
+        div,div_end = makeHTMLTags("div")
+        div_grid = div().setParseAction(withClass("grid"))
+        
+        grid_expr = div_grid + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for grid_header in grid_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(grid_header.body)
+        
+        div_any_type = div().setParseAction(withClass(withAttribute.ANY_VALUE))
+        div_expr = div_any_type + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for div_header in div_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(div_header.body)
+    prints::
+        1 4 0 1 0
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+        1,3 2,3 1,1
+    """
+    classattr = "%s:class" % namespace if namespace else "class"
+    return withAttribute(**{classattr : classname})        
+
+opAssoc = _Constants()
+opAssoc.LEFT = object()
+opAssoc.RIGHT = object()
+
+def infixNotation( baseExpr, opList, lpar=Suppress('('), rpar=Suppress(')') ):
+    """
+    Helper method for constructing grammars of expressions made up of
+    operators working in a precedence hierarchy.  Operators may be unary or
+    binary, left- or right-associative.  Parse actions can also be attached
+    to operator expressions. The generated parser will also recognize the use 
+    of parentheses to override operator precedences (see example below).
+    
+    Note: if you define a deep operator list, you may see performance issues
+    when using infixNotation. See L{ParserElement.enablePackrat} for a
+    mechanism to potentially improve your parser performance.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - baseExpr - expression representing the most basic element for the nested
+     - opList - list of tuples, one for each operator precedence level in the
+      expression grammar; each tuple is of the form
+      (opExpr, numTerms, rightLeftAssoc, parseAction), where:
+       - opExpr is the pyparsing expression for the operator;
+          may also be a string, which will be converted to a Literal;
+          if numTerms is 3, opExpr is a tuple of two expressions, for the
+          two operators separating the 3 terms
+       - numTerms is the number of terms for this operator (must
+          be 1, 2, or 3)
+       - rightLeftAssoc is the indicator whether the operator is
+          right or left associative, using the pyparsing-defined
+          constants C{opAssoc.RIGHT} and C{opAssoc.LEFT}.
+       - parseAction is the parse action to be associated with
+          expressions matching this operator expression (the
+          parse action tuple member may be omitted); if the parse action
+          is passed a tuple or list of functions, this is equivalent to
+          calling C{setParseAction(*fn)} (L{ParserElement.setParseAction})
+     - lpar - expression for matching left-parentheses (default=C{Suppress('(')})
+     - rpar - expression for matching right-parentheses (default=C{Suppress(')')})
+
+    Example::
+        # simple example of four-function arithmetic with ints and variable names
+        integer = pyparsing_common.signed_integer
+        varname = pyparsing_common.identifier 
+        
+        arith_expr = infixNotation(integer | varname,
+            [
+            ('-', 1, opAssoc.RIGHT),
+            (oneOf('* /'), 2, opAssoc.LEFT),
+            (oneOf('+ -'), 2, opAssoc.LEFT),
+            ])
+        
+        arith_expr.runTests('''
+            5+3*6
+            (5+3)*6
+            -2--11
+            ''', fullDump=False)
+    prints::
+        5+3*6
+        [[5, '+', [3, '*', 6]]]
+
+        (5+3)*6
+        [[[5, '+', 3], '*', 6]]
+
+        -2--11
+        [[['-', 2], '-', ['-', 11]]]
+    """
+    ret = Forward()
+    lastExpr = baseExpr | ( lpar + ret + rpar )
+    for i,operDef in enumerate(opList):
+        opExpr,arity,rightLeftAssoc,pa = (operDef + (None,))[:4]
+        termName = "%s term" % opExpr if arity < 3 else "%s%s term" % opExpr
+        if arity == 3:
+            if opExpr is None or len(opExpr) != 2:
+                raise ValueError("if numterms=3, opExpr must be a tuple or list of two expressions")
+            opExpr1, opExpr2 = opExpr
+        thisExpr = Forward().setName(termName)
+        if rightLeftAssoc == opAssoc.LEFT:
+            if arity == 1:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr ) )
+            elif arity == 2:
+                if opExpr is not None:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr + lastExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr + lastExpr ) )
+                else:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr+lastExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore(lastExpr) )
+            elif arity == 3:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr1 + lastExpr + opExpr2 + lastExpr) + \
+                            Group( lastExpr + opExpr1 + lastExpr + opExpr2 + lastExpr )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("operator must be unary (1), binary (2), or ternary (3)")
+        elif rightLeftAssoc == opAssoc.RIGHT:
+            if arity == 1:
+                # try to avoid LR with this extra test
+                if not isinstance(opExpr, Optional):
+                    opExpr = Optional(opExpr)
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(opExpr.expr + thisExpr) + Group( opExpr + thisExpr )
+            elif arity == 2:
+                if opExpr is not None:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr + thisExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr + thisExpr ) )
+                else:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + thisExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( thisExpr ) )
+            elif arity == 3:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr1 + thisExpr + opExpr2 + thisExpr) + \
+                            Group( lastExpr + opExpr1 + thisExpr + opExpr2 + thisExpr )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("operator must be unary (1), binary (2), or ternary (3)")
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("operator must indicate right or left associativity")
+        if pa:
+            if isinstance(pa, (tuple, list)):
+                matchExpr.setParseAction(*pa)
+            else:
+                matchExpr.setParseAction(pa)
+        thisExpr <<= ( matchExpr.setName(termName) | lastExpr )
+        lastExpr = thisExpr
+    ret <<= lastExpr
+    return ret
+
+operatorPrecedence = infixNotation
+"""(Deprecated) Former name of C{L{infixNotation}}, will be dropped in a future release."""
+
+dblQuotedString = Combine(Regex(r'"(?:[^"\n\r\\]|(?:"")|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*')+'"').setName("string enclosed in double quotes")
+sglQuotedString = Combine(Regex(r"'(?:[^'\n\r\\]|(?:'')|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*")+"'").setName("string enclosed in single quotes")
+quotedString = Combine(Regex(r'"(?:[^"\n\r\\]|(?:"")|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*')+'"'|
+                       Regex(r"'(?:[^'\n\r\\]|(?:'')|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*")+"'").setName("quotedString using single or double quotes")
+unicodeString = Combine(_L('u') + quotedString.copy()).setName("unicode string literal")
+
+def nestedExpr(opener="(", closer=")", content=None, ignoreExpr=quotedString.copy()):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining nested lists enclosed in opening and closing
+    delimiters ("(" and ")" are the default).
+
+    Parameters:
+     - opener - opening character for a nested list (default=C{"("}); can also be a pyparsing expression
+     - closer - closing character for a nested list (default=C{")"}); can also be a pyparsing expression
+     - content - expression for items within the nested lists (default=C{None})
+     - ignoreExpr - expression for ignoring opening and closing delimiters (default=C{quotedString})
+
+    If an expression is not provided for the content argument, the nested
+    expression will capture all whitespace-delimited content between delimiters
+    as a list of separate values.
+
+    Use the C{ignoreExpr} argument to define expressions that may contain
+    opening or closing characters that should not be treated as opening
+    or closing characters for nesting, such as quotedString or a comment
+    expression.  Specify multiple expressions using an C{L{Or}} or C{L{MatchFirst}}.
+    The default is L{quotedString}, but if no expressions are to be ignored,
+    then pass C{None} for this argument.
+
+    Example::
+        data_type = oneOf("void int short long char float double")
+        decl_data_type = Combine(data_type + Optional(Word('*')))
+        ident = Word(alphas+'_', alphanums+'_')
+        number = pyparsing_common.number
+        arg = Group(decl_data_type + ident)
+        LPAR,RPAR = map(Suppress, "()")
+
+        code_body = nestedExpr('{', '}', ignoreExpr=(quotedString | cStyleComment))
+
+        c_function = (decl_data_type("type") 
+                      + ident("name")
+                      + LPAR + Optional(delimitedList(arg), [])("args") + RPAR 
+                      + code_body("body"))
+        c_function.ignore(cStyleComment)
+        
+        source_code = '''
+            int is_odd(int x) { 
+                return (x%2); 
+            }
+                
+            int dec_to_hex(char hchar) { 
+                if (hchar >= '0' && hchar <= '9') { 
+                    return (ord(hchar)-ord('0')); 
+                } else { 
+                    return (10+ord(hchar)-ord('A'));
+                } 
+            }
+        '''
+        for func in c_function.searchString(source_code):
+            print("%(name)s (%(type)s) args: %(args)s" % func)
+
+    prints::
+        is_odd (int) args: [['int', 'x']]
+        dec_to_hex (int) args: [['char', 'hchar']]
+    """
+    if opener == closer:
+        raise ValueError("opening and closing strings cannot be the same")
+    if content is None:
+        if isinstance(opener,basestring) and isinstance(closer,basestring):
+            if len(opener) == 1 and len(closer)==1:
+                if ignoreExpr is not None:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~ignoreExpr +
+                                    CharsNotIn(opener+closer+ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+                else:
+                    content = (empty.copy()+CharsNotIn(opener+closer+ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+            else:
+                if ignoreExpr is not None:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~ignoreExpr + 
+                                    ~Literal(opener) + ~Literal(closer) +
+                                    CharsNotIn(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+                else:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~Literal(opener) + ~Literal(closer) +
+                                    CharsNotIn(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("opening and closing arguments must be strings if no content expression is given")
+    ret = Forward()
+    if ignoreExpr is not None:
+        ret <<= Group( Suppress(opener) + ZeroOrMore( ignoreExpr | ret | content ) + Suppress(closer) )
+    else:
+        ret <<= Group( Suppress(opener) + ZeroOrMore( ret | content )  + Suppress(closer) )
+    ret.setName('nested %s%s expression' % (opener,closer))
+    return ret
+
+def indentedBlock(blockStatementExpr, indentStack, indent=True):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining space-delimited indentation blocks, such as
+    those used to define block statements in Python source code.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - blockStatementExpr - expression defining syntax of statement that
+            is repeated within the indented block
+     - indentStack - list created by caller to manage indentation stack
+            (multiple statementWithIndentedBlock expressions within a single grammar
+            should share a common indentStack)
+     - indent - boolean indicating whether block must be indented beyond the
+            the current level; set to False for block of left-most statements
+            (default=C{True})
+
+    A valid block must contain at least one C{blockStatement}.
+
+    Example::
+        data = '''
+        def A(z):
+          A1
+          B = 100
+          G = A2
+          A2
+          A3
+        B
+        def BB(a,b,c):
+          BB1
+          def BBA():
+            bba1
+            bba2
+            bba3
+        C
+        D
+        def spam(x,y):
+             def eggs(z):
+                 pass
+        '''
+
+
+        indentStack = [1]
+        stmt = Forward()
+
+        identifier = Word(alphas, alphanums)
+        funcDecl = ("def" + identifier + Group( "(" + Optional( delimitedList(identifier) ) + ")" ) + ":")
+        func_body = indentedBlock(stmt, indentStack)
+        funcDef = Group( funcDecl + func_body )
+
+        rvalue = Forward()
+        funcCall = Group(identifier + "(" + Optional(delimitedList(rvalue)) + ")")
+        rvalue << (funcCall | identifier | Word(nums))
+        assignment = Group(identifier + "=" + rvalue)
+        stmt << ( funcDef | assignment | identifier )
+
+        module_body = OneOrMore(stmt)
+
+        parseTree = module_body.parseString(data)
+        parseTree.pprint()
+    prints::
+        [['def',
+          'A',
+          ['(', 'z', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [['A1'], [['B', '=', '100']], [['G', '=', 'A2']], ['A2'], ['A3']]],
+         'B',
+         ['def',
+          'BB',
+          ['(', 'a', 'b', 'c', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [['BB1'], [['def', 'BBA', ['(', ')'], ':', [['bba1'], ['bba2'], ['bba3']]]]]],
+         'C',
+         'D',
+         ['def',
+          'spam',
+          ['(', 'x', 'y', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [[['def', 'eggs', ['(', 'z', ')'], ':', [['pass']]]]]]] 
+    """
+    def checkPeerIndent(s,l,t):
+        if l >= len(s): return
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if curCol != indentStack[-1]:
+            if curCol > indentStack[-1]:
+                raise ParseFatalException(s,l,"illegal nesting")
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not a peer entry")
+
+    def checkSubIndent(s,l,t):
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if curCol > indentStack[-1]:
+            indentStack.append( curCol )
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not a subentry")
+
+    def checkUnindent(s,l,t):
+        if l >= len(s): return
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if not(indentStack and curCol < indentStack[-1] and curCol <= indentStack[-2]):
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not an unindent")
+        indentStack.pop()
+
+    NL = OneOrMore(LineEnd().setWhitespaceChars("\t ").suppress())
+    INDENT = (Empty() + Empty().setParseAction(checkSubIndent)).setName('INDENT')
+    PEER   = Empty().setParseAction(checkPeerIndent).setName('')
+    UNDENT = Empty().setParseAction(checkUnindent).setName('UNINDENT')
+    if indent:
+        smExpr = Group( Optional(NL) +
+            #~ FollowedBy(blockStatementExpr) +
+            INDENT + (OneOrMore( PEER + Group(blockStatementExpr) + Optional(NL) )) + UNDENT)
+    else:
+        smExpr = Group( Optional(NL) +
+            (OneOrMore( PEER + Group(blockStatementExpr) + Optional(NL) )) )
+    blockStatementExpr.ignore(_bslash + LineEnd())
+    return smExpr.setName('indented block')
+
+alphas8bit = srange(r"[\0xc0-\0xd6\0xd8-\0xf6\0xf8-\0xff]")
+punc8bit = srange(r"[\0xa1-\0xbf\0xd7\0xf7]")
+
+anyOpenTag,anyCloseTag = makeHTMLTags(Word(alphas,alphanums+"_:").setName('any tag'))
+_htmlEntityMap = dict(zip("gt lt amp nbsp quot apos".split(),'><& "\''))
+commonHTMLEntity = Regex('&(?P<entity>' + '|'.join(_htmlEntityMap.keys()) +");").setName("common HTML entity")
+def replaceHTMLEntity(t):
+    """Helper parser action to replace common HTML entities with their special characters"""
+    return _htmlEntityMap.get(t.entity)
+
+# it's easy to get these comment structures wrong - they're very common, so may as well make them available
+cStyleComment = Combine(Regex(r"/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*") + '*/').setName("C style comment")
+"Comment of the form C{/* ... */}"
+
+htmlComment = Regex(r"<!--[\s\S]*?-->").setName("HTML comment")
+"Comment of the form C{<!-- ... -->}"
+
+restOfLine = Regex(r".*").leaveWhitespace().setName("rest of line")
+dblSlashComment = Regex(r"//(?:\\\n|[^\n])*").setName("// comment")
+"Comment of the form C{// ... (to end of line)}"
+
+cppStyleComment = Combine(Regex(r"/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*") + '*/'| dblSlashComment).setName("C++ style comment")
+"Comment of either form C{L{cStyleComment}} or C{L{dblSlashComment}}"
+
+javaStyleComment = cppStyleComment
+"Same as C{L{cppStyleComment}}"
+
+pythonStyleComment = Regex(r"#.*").setName("Python style comment")
+"Comment of the form C{# ... (to end of line)}"
+
+_commasepitem = Combine(OneOrMore(Word(printables, excludeChars=',') +
+                                  Optional( Word(" \t") +
+                                            ~Literal(",") + ~LineEnd() ) ) ).streamline().setName("commaItem")
+commaSeparatedList = delimitedList( Optional( quotedString.copy() | _commasepitem, default="") ).setName("commaSeparatedList")
+"""(Deprecated) Predefined expression of 1 or more printable words or quoted strings, separated by commas.
+   This expression is deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.comma_separated_list}."""
+
+# some other useful expressions - using lower-case class name since we are really using this as a namespace
+class pyparsing_common:
+    """
+    Here are some common low-level expressions that may be useful in jump-starting parser development:
+     - numeric forms (L{integers<integer>}, L{reals<real>}, L{scientific notation<sci_real>})
+     - common L{programming identifiers<identifier>}
+     - network addresses (L{MAC<mac_address>}, L{IPv4<ipv4_address>}, L{IPv6<ipv6_address>})
+     - ISO8601 L{dates<iso8601_date>} and L{datetime<iso8601_datetime>}
+     - L{UUID<uuid>}
+     - L{comma-separated list<comma_separated_list>}
+    Parse actions:
+     - C{L{convertToInteger}}
+     - C{L{convertToFloat}}
+     - C{L{convertToDate}}
+     - C{L{convertToDatetime}}
+     - C{L{stripHTMLTags}}
+     - C{L{upcaseTokens}}
+     - C{L{downcaseTokens}}
+
+    Example::
+        pyparsing_common.number.runTests('''
+            # any int or real number, returned as the appropriate type
+            100
+            -100
+            +100
+            3.14159
+            6.02e23
+            1e-12
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.fnumber.runTests('''
+            # any int or real number, returned as float
+            100
+            -100
+            +100
+            3.14159
+            6.02e23
+            1e-12
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.hex_integer.runTests('''
+            # hex numbers
+            100
+            FF
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.fraction.runTests('''
+            # fractions
+            1/2
+            -3/4
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.mixed_integer.runTests('''
+            # mixed fractions
+            1
+            1/2
+            -3/4
+            1-3/4
+            ''')
+
+        import uuid
+        pyparsing_common.uuid.setParseAction(tokenMap(uuid.UUID))
+        pyparsing_common.uuid.runTests('''
+            # uuid
+            12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        # any int or real number, returned as the appropriate type
+        100
+        [100]
+
+        -100
+        [-100]
+
+        +100
+        [100]
+
+        3.14159
+        [3.14159]
+
+        6.02e23
+        [6.02e+23]
+
+        1e-12
+        [1e-12]
+
+        # any int or real number, returned as float
+        100
+        [100.0]
+
+        -100
+        [-100.0]
+
+        +100
+        [100.0]
+
+        3.14159
+        [3.14159]
+
+        6.02e23
+        [6.02e+23]
+
+        1e-12
+        [1e-12]
+
+        # hex numbers
+        100
+        [256]
+
+        FF
+        [255]
+
+        # fractions
+        1/2
+        [0.5]
+
+        -3/4
+        [-0.75]
+
+        # mixed fractions
+        1
+        [1]
+
+        1/2
+        [0.5]
+
+        -3/4
+        [-0.75]
+
+        1-3/4
+        [1.75]
+
+        # uuid
+        12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+        [UUID('12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678')]
+    """
+
+    convertToInteger = tokenMap(int)
+    """
+    Parse action for converting parsed integers to Python int
+    """
+
+    convertToFloat = tokenMap(float)
+    """
+    Parse action for converting parsed numbers to Python float
+    """
+
+    integer = Word(nums).setName("integer").setParseAction(convertToInteger)
+    """expression that parses an unsigned integer, returns an int"""
+
+    hex_integer = Word(hexnums).setName("hex integer").setParseAction(tokenMap(int,16))
+    """expression that parses a hexadecimal integer, returns an int"""
+
+    signed_integer = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+').setName("signed integer").setParseAction(convertToInteger)
+    """expression that parses an integer with optional leading sign, returns an int"""
+
+    fraction = (signed_integer().setParseAction(convertToFloat) + '/' + signed_integer().setParseAction(convertToFloat)).setName("fraction")
+    """fractional expression of an integer divided by an integer, returns a float"""
+    fraction.addParseAction(lambda t: t[0]/t[-1])
+
+    mixed_integer = (fraction | signed_integer + Optional(Optional('-').suppress() + fraction)).setName("fraction or mixed integer-fraction")
+    """mixed integer of the form 'integer - fraction', with optional leading integer, returns float"""
+    mixed_integer.addParseAction(sum)
+
+    real = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+\.\d*').setName("real number").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """expression that parses a floating point number and returns a float"""
+
+    sci_real = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+([eE][+-]?\d+|\.\d*([eE][+-]?\d+)?)').setName("real number with scientific notation").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """expression that parses a floating point number with optional scientific notation and returns a float"""
+
+    # streamlining this expression makes the docs nicer-looking
+    number = (sci_real | real | signed_integer).streamline()
+    """any numeric expression, returns the corresponding Python type"""
+
+    fnumber = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+\.?\d*([eE][+-]?\d+)?').setName("fnumber").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """any int or real number, returned as float"""
+    
+    identifier = Word(alphas+'_', alphanums+'_').setName("identifier")
+    """typical code identifier (leading alpha or '_', followed by 0 or more alphas, nums, or '_')"""
+    
+    ipv4_address = Regex(r'(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9]{1,2})(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9]{1,2})){3}').setName("IPv4 address")
+    "IPv4 address (C{0.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255})"
+
+    _ipv6_part = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}').setName("hex_integer")
+    _full_ipv6_address = (_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*7).setName("full IPv6 address")
+    _short_ipv6_address = (Optional(_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*(0,6)) + "::" + Optional(_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*(0,6))).setName("short IPv6 address")
+    _short_ipv6_address.addCondition(lambda t: sum(1 for tt in t if pyparsing_common._ipv6_part.matches(tt)) < 8)
+    _mixed_ipv6_address = ("::ffff:" + ipv4_address).setName("mixed IPv6 address")
+    ipv6_address = Combine((_full_ipv6_address | _mixed_ipv6_address | _short_ipv6_address).setName("IPv6 address")).setName("IPv6 address")
+    "IPv6 address (long, short, or mixed form)"
+    
+    mac_address = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{2}([:.-])[0-9a-fA-F]{2}(?:\1[0-9a-fA-F]{2}){4}').setName("MAC address")
+    "MAC address xx:xx:xx:xx:xx (may also have '-' or '.' delimiters)"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def convertToDate(fmt="%Y-%m-%d"):
+        """
+        Helper to create a parse action for converting parsed date string to Python datetime.date
+
+        Params -
+         - fmt - format to be passed to datetime.strptime (default=C{"%Y-%m-%d"})
+
+        Example::
+            date_expr = pyparsing_common.iso8601_date.copy()
+            date_expr.setParseAction(pyparsing_common.convertToDate())
+            print(date_expr.parseString("1999-12-31"))
+        prints::
+            [datetime.date(1999, 12, 31)]
+        """
+        def cvt_fn(s,l,t):
+            try:
+                return datetime.strptime(t[0], fmt).date()
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, str(ve))
+        return cvt_fn
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def convertToDatetime(fmt="%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f"):
+        """
+        Helper to create a parse action for converting parsed datetime string to Python datetime.datetime
+
+        Params -
+         - fmt - format to be passed to datetime.strptime (default=C{"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f"})
+
+        Example::
+            dt_expr = pyparsing_common.iso8601_datetime.copy()
+            dt_expr.setParseAction(pyparsing_common.convertToDatetime())
+            print(dt_expr.parseString("1999-12-31T23:59:59.999"))
+        prints::
+            [datetime.datetime(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999000)]
+        """
+        def cvt_fn(s,l,t):
+            try:
+                return datetime.strptime(t[0], fmt)
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, str(ve))
+        return cvt_fn
+
+    iso8601_date = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})(?:-(?P<month>\d\d)(?:-(?P<day>\d\d))?)?').setName("ISO8601 date")
+    "ISO8601 date (C{yyyy-mm-dd})"
+
+    iso8601_datetime = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d\d)-(?P<day>\d\d)[T ](?P<hour>\d\d):(?P<minute>\d\d)(:(?P<second>\d\d(\.\d*)?)?)?(?P<tz>Z|[+-]\d\d:?\d\d)?').setName("ISO8601 datetime")
+    "ISO8601 datetime (C{yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.s(Z|+-00:00)}) - trailing seconds, milliseconds, and timezone optional; accepts separating C{'T'} or C{' '}"
+
+    uuid = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{8}(-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}){3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}').setName("UUID")
+    "UUID (C{xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx})"
+
+    _html_stripper = anyOpenTag.suppress() | anyCloseTag.suppress()
+    @staticmethod
+    def stripHTMLTags(s, l, tokens):
+        """
+        Parse action to remove HTML tags from web page HTML source
+
+        Example::
+            # strip HTML links from normal text 
+            text = '<td>More info at the <a href="http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com">pyparsing</a> wiki page</td>'
+            td,td_end = makeHTMLTags("TD")
+            table_text = td + SkipTo(td_end).setParseAction(pyparsing_common.stripHTMLTags)("body") + td_end
+            
+            print(table_text.parseString(text).body) # -> 'More info at the pyparsing wiki page'
+        """
+        return pyparsing_common._html_stripper.transformString(tokens[0])
+
+    _commasepitem = Combine(OneOrMore(~Literal(",") + ~LineEnd() + Word(printables, excludeChars=',') 
+                                        + Optional( White(" \t") ) ) ).streamline().setName("commaItem")
+    comma_separated_list = delimitedList( Optional( quotedString.copy() | _commasepitem, default="") ).setName("comma separated list")
+    """Predefined expression of 1 or more printable words or quoted strings, separated by commas."""
+
+    upcaseTokens = staticmethod(tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).upper()))
+    """Parse action to convert tokens to upper case."""
+
+    downcaseTokens = staticmethod(tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).lower()))
+    """Parse action to convert tokens to lower case."""
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    selectToken    = CaselessLiteral("select")
+    fromToken      = CaselessLiteral("from")
+
+    ident          = Word(alphas, alphanums + "_$")
+
+    columnName     = delimitedList(ident, ".", combine=True).setParseAction(upcaseTokens)
+    columnNameList = Group(delimitedList(columnName)).setName("columns")
+    columnSpec     = ('*' | columnNameList)
+
+    tableName      = delimitedList(ident, ".", combine=True).setParseAction(upcaseTokens)
+    tableNameList  = Group(delimitedList(tableName)).setName("tables")
+    
+    simpleSQL      = selectToken("command") + columnSpec("columns") + fromToken + tableNameList("tables")
+
+    # demo runTests method, including embedded comments in test string
+    simpleSQL.runTests("""
+        # '*' as column list and dotted table name
+        select * from SYS.XYZZY
+
+        # caseless match on "SELECT", and casts back to "select"
+        SELECT * from XYZZY, ABC
+
+        # list of column names, and mixed case SELECT keyword
+        Select AA,BB,CC from Sys.dual
+
+        # multiple tables
+        Select A, B, C from Sys.dual, Table2
+
+        # invalid SELECT keyword - should fail
+        Xelect A, B, C from Sys.dual
+
+        # incomplete command - should fail
+        Select
+
+        # invalid column name - should fail
+        Select ^^^ frox Sys.dual
+
+        """)
+
+    pyparsing_common.number.runTests("""
+        100
+        -100
+        +100
+        3.14159
+        6.02e23
+        1e-12
+        """)
+
+    # any int or real number, returned as float
+    pyparsing_common.fnumber.runTests("""
+        100
+        -100
+        +100
+        3.14159
+        6.02e23
+        1e-12
+        """)
+
+    pyparsing_common.hex_integer.runTests("""
+        100
+        FF
+        """)
+
+    import uuid
+    pyparsing_common.uuid.setParseAction(tokenMap(uuid.UUID))
+    pyparsing_common.uuid.runTests("""
+        12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+        """)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/six.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/six.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..190c023
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/six.py
@@ -0,0 +1,868 @@
+"""Utilities for writing code that runs on Python 2 and 3"""
+
+# Copyright (c) 2010-2015 Benjamin Peterson
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import functools
+import itertools
+import operator
+import sys
+import types
+
+__author__ = "Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>"
+__version__ = "1.10.0"
+
+
+# Useful for very coarse version differentiation.
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+PY34 = sys.version_info[0:2] >= (3, 4)
+
+if PY3:
+    string_types = str,
+    integer_types = int,
+    class_types = type,
+    text_type = str
+    binary_type = bytes
+
+    MAXSIZE = sys.maxsize
+else:
+    string_types = basestring,
+    integer_types = (int, long)
+    class_types = (type, types.ClassType)
+    text_type = unicode
+    binary_type = str
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith("java"):
+        # Jython always uses 32 bits.
+        MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+    else:
+        # It's possible to have sizeof(long) != sizeof(Py_ssize_t).
+        class X(object):
+
+            def __len__(self):
+                return 1 << 31
+        try:
+            len(X())
+        except OverflowError:
+            # 32-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+        else:
+            # 64-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 63) - 1)
+        del X
+
+
+def _add_doc(func, doc):
+    """Add documentation to a function."""
+    func.__doc__ = doc
+
+
+def _import_module(name):
+    """Import module, returning the module after the last dot."""
+    __import__(name)
+    return sys.modules[name]
+
+
+class _LazyDescr(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, tp):
+        result = self._resolve()
+        setattr(obj, self.name, result)  # Invokes __set__.
+        try:
+            # This is a bit ugly, but it avoids running this again by
+            # removing this descriptor.
+            delattr(obj.__class__, self.name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        return result
+
+
+class MovedModule(_LazyDescr):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, old, new=None):
+        super(MovedModule, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new is None:
+                new = name
+            self.mod = new
+        else:
+            self.mod = old
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        return _import_module(self.mod)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        _module = self._resolve()
+        value = getattr(_module, attr)
+        setattr(self, attr, value)
+        return value
+
+
+class _LazyModule(types.ModuleType):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        super(_LazyModule, self).__init__(name)
+        self.__doc__ = self.__class__.__doc__
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        attrs = ["__doc__", "__name__"]
+        attrs += [attr.name for attr in self._moved_attributes]
+        return attrs
+
+    # Subclasses should override this
+    _moved_attributes = []
+
+
+class MovedAttribute(_LazyDescr):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, old_mod, new_mod, old_attr=None, new_attr=None):
+        super(MovedAttribute, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new_mod is None:
+                new_mod = name
+            self.mod = new_mod
+            if new_attr is None:
+                if old_attr is None:
+                    new_attr = name
+                else:
+                    new_attr = old_attr
+            self.attr = new_attr
+        else:
+            self.mod = old_mod
+            if old_attr is None:
+                old_attr = name
+            self.attr = old_attr
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        module = _import_module(self.mod)
+        return getattr(module, self.attr)
+
+
+class _SixMetaPathImporter(object):
+
+    """
+    A meta path importer to import six.moves and its submodules.
+
+    This class implements a PEP302 finder and loader. It should be compatible
+    with Python 2.5 and all existing versions of Python3
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, six_module_name):
+        self.name = six_module_name
+        self.known_modules = {}
+
+    def _add_module(self, mod, *fullnames):
+        for fullname in fullnames:
+            self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname] = mod
+
+    def _get_module(self, fullname):
+        return self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname]
+
+    def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
+        if fullname in self.known_modules:
+            return self
+        return None
+
+    def __get_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            return self.known_modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ImportError("This loader does not know module " + fullname)
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            # in case of a reload
+            return sys.modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        mod = self.__get_module(fullname)
+        if isinstance(mod, MovedModule):
+            mod = mod._resolve()
+        else:
+            mod.__loader__ = self
+        sys.modules[fullname] = mod
+        return mod
+
+    def is_package(self, fullname):
+        """
+        Return true, if the named module is a package.
+
+        We need this method to get correct spec objects with
+        Python 3.4 (see PEP451)
+        """
+        return hasattr(self.__get_module(fullname), "__path__")
+
+    def get_code(self, fullname):
+        """Return None
+
+        Required, if is_package is implemented"""
+        self.__get_module(fullname)  # eventually raises ImportError
+        return None
+    get_source = get_code  # same as get_code
+
+_importer = _SixMetaPathImporter(__name__)
+
+
+class _MovedItems(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects"""
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+
+
+_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("cStringIO", "cStringIO", "io", "StringIO"),
+    MovedAttribute("filter", "itertools", "builtins", "ifilter", "filter"),
+    MovedAttribute("filterfalse", "itertools", "itertools", "ifilterfalse", "filterfalse"),
+    MovedAttribute("input", "__builtin__", "builtins", "raw_input", "input"),
+    MovedAttribute("intern", "__builtin__", "sys"),
+    MovedAttribute("map", "itertools", "builtins", "imap", "map"),
+    MovedAttribute("getcwd", "os", "os", "getcwdu", "getcwd"),
+    MovedAttribute("getcwdb", "os", "os", "getcwd", "getcwdb"),
+    MovedAttribute("range", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute("reload_module", "__builtin__", "importlib" if PY34 else "imp", "reload"),
+    MovedAttribute("reduce", "__builtin__", "functools"),
+    MovedAttribute("shlex_quote", "pipes", "shlex", "quote"),
+    MovedAttribute("StringIO", "StringIO", "io"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserDict", "UserDict", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserList", "UserList", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserString", "UserString", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("xrange", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute("zip", "itertools", "builtins", "izip", "zip"),
+    MovedAttribute("zip_longest", "itertools", "itertools", "izip_longest", "zip_longest"),
+    MovedModule("builtins", "__builtin__"),
+    MovedModule("configparser", "ConfigParser"),
+    MovedModule("copyreg", "copy_reg"),
+    MovedModule("dbm_gnu", "gdbm", "dbm.gnu"),
+    MovedModule("_dummy_thread", "dummy_thread", "_dummy_thread"),
+    MovedModule("http_cookiejar", "cookielib", "http.cookiejar"),
+    MovedModule("http_cookies", "Cookie", "http.cookies"),
+    MovedModule("html_entities", "htmlentitydefs", "html.entities"),
+    MovedModule("html_parser", "HTMLParser", "html.parser"),
+    MovedModule("http_client", "httplib", "http.client"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_multipart", "email.MIMEMultipart", "email.mime.multipart"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_nonmultipart", "email.MIMENonMultipart", "email.mime.nonmultipart"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_text", "email.MIMEText", "email.mime.text"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_base", "email.MIMEBase", "email.mime.base"),
+    MovedModule("BaseHTTPServer", "BaseHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("CGIHTTPServer", "CGIHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("SimpleHTTPServer", "SimpleHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("cPickle", "cPickle", "pickle"),
+    MovedModule("queue", "Queue"),
+    MovedModule("reprlib", "repr"),
+    MovedModule("socketserver", "SocketServer"),
+    MovedModule("_thread", "thread", "_thread"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter", "Tkinter"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dialog", "Dialog", "tkinter.dialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_filedialog", "FileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_scrolledtext", "ScrolledText", "tkinter.scrolledtext"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_simpledialog", "SimpleDialog", "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tix", "Tix", "tkinter.tix"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_ttk", "ttk", "tkinter.ttk"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_constants", "Tkconstants", "tkinter.constants"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dnd", "Tkdnd", "tkinter.dnd"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_colorchooser", "tkColorChooser",
+                "tkinter.colorchooser"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_commondialog", "tkCommonDialog",
+                "tkinter.commondialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tkfiledialog", "tkFileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_font", "tkFont", "tkinter.font"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_messagebox", "tkMessageBox", "tkinter.messagebox"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tksimpledialog", "tkSimpleDialog",
+                "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_parse", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_error", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_error", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedModule("urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_robotparser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_client", "xmlrpclib", "xmlrpc.client"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_server", "SimpleXMLRPCServer", "xmlrpc.server"),
+]
+# Add windows specific modules.
+if sys.platform == "win32":
+    _moved_attributes += [
+        MovedModule("winreg", "_winreg"),
+    ]
+
+for attr in _moved_attributes:
+    setattr(_MovedItems, attr.name, attr)
+    if isinstance(attr, MovedModule):
+        _importer._add_module(attr, "moves." + attr.name)
+del attr
+
+_MovedItems._moved_attributes = _moved_attributes
+
+moves = _MovedItems(__name__ + ".moves")
+_importer._add_module(moves, "moves")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_parse"""
+
+
+_urllib_parse_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("ParseResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("SplitResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qs", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qsl", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urldefrag", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urljoin", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlencode", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splitquery", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splittag", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splituser", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_fragment", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_netloc", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_params", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_query", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_relative", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_parse_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_parse, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_parse._moved_attributes = _urllib_parse_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(__name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse"),
+                      "moves.urllib_parse", "moves.urllib.parse")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_error(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_error"""
+
+
+_urllib_error_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("URLError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("ContentTooShortError", "urllib", "urllib.error"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_error_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_error, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_error._moved_attributes = _urllib_error_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_error(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.error"),
+                      "moves.urllib_error", "moves.urllib.error")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_request(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_request"""
+
+
+_urllib_request_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("urlopen", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("install_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("build_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("pathname2url", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("url2pathname", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("getproxies", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("Request", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("OpenerDirector", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDefaultErrorHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPRedirectHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPCookieProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("BaseHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgr", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPSHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FileHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("CacheFTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("UnknownHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPErrorProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlretrieve", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlcleanup", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("URLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FancyURLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("proxy_bypass", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_request_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_request, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_request._moved_attributes = _urllib_request_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_request(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.request"),
+                      "moves.urllib_request", "moves.urllib.request")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_response(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_response"""
+
+
+_urllib_response_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("addbase", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addclosehook", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfo", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfourl", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_response_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_response, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_response._moved_attributes = _urllib_response_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_response(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.response"),
+                      "moves.urllib_response", "moves.urllib.response")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_robotparser"""
+
+
+_urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("RobotFileParser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser._moved_attributes = _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.robotparser"),
+                      "moves.urllib_robotparser", "moves.urllib.robotparser")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib(types.ModuleType):
+
+    """Create a six.moves.urllib namespace that resembles the Python 3 namespace"""
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+    parse = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_parse")
+    error = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_error")
+    request = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_request")
+    response = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_response")
+    robotparser = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_robotparser")
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return ['parse', 'error', 'request', 'response', 'robotparser']
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib(__name__ + ".moves.urllib"),
+                      "moves.urllib")
+
+
+def add_move(move):
+    """Add an item to six.moves."""
+    setattr(_MovedItems, move.name, move)
+
+
+def remove_move(name):
+    """Remove item from six.moves."""
+    try:
+        delattr(_MovedItems, name)
+    except AttributeError:
+        try:
+            del moves.__dict__[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError("no such move, %r" % (name,))
+
+
+if PY3:
+    _meth_func = "__func__"
+    _meth_self = "__self__"
+
+    _func_closure = "__closure__"
+    _func_code = "__code__"
+    _func_defaults = "__defaults__"
+    _func_globals = "__globals__"
+else:
+    _meth_func = "im_func"
+    _meth_self = "im_self"
+
+    _func_closure = "func_closure"
+    _func_code = "func_code"
+    _func_defaults = "func_defaults"
+    _func_globals = "func_globals"
+
+
+try:
+    advance_iterator = next
+except NameError:
+    def advance_iterator(it):
+        return it.next()
+next = advance_iterator
+
+
+try:
+    callable = callable
+except NameError:
+    def callable(obj):
+        return any("__call__" in klass.__dict__ for klass in type(obj).__mro__)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound
+
+    create_bound_method = types.MethodType
+
+    def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
+        return func
+
+    Iterator = object
+else:
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound.im_func
+
+    def create_bound_method(func, obj):
+        return types.MethodType(func, obj, obj.__class__)
+
+    def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
+        return types.MethodType(func, None, cls)
+
+    class Iterator(object):
+
+        def next(self):
+            return type(self).__next__(self)
+
+    callable = callable
+_add_doc(get_unbound_function,
+         """Get the function out of a possibly unbound function""")
+
+
+get_method_function = operator.attrgetter(_meth_func)
+get_method_self = operator.attrgetter(_meth_self)
+get_function_closure = operator.attrgetter(_func_closure)
+get_function_code = operator.attrgetter(_func_code)
+get_function_defaults = operator.attrgetter(_func_defaults)
+get_function_globals = operator.attrgetter(_func_globals)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.keys(**kw))
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.values(**kw))
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.items(**kw))
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.lists(**kw))
+
+    viewkeys = operator.methodcaller("keys")
+
+    viewvalues = operator.methodcaller("values")
+
+    viewitems = operator.methodcaller("items")
+else:
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return d.iterkeys(**kw)
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return d.itervalues(**kw)
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return d.iteritems(**kw)
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return d.iterlists(**kw)
+
+    viewkeys = operator.methodcaller("viewkeys")
+
+    viewvalues = operator.methodcaller("viewvalues")
+
+    viewitems = operator.methodcaller("viewitems")
+
+_add_doc(iterkeys, "Return an iterator over the keys of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(itervalues, "Return an iterator over the values of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(iteritems,
+         "Return an iterator over the (key, value) pairs of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(iterlists,
+         "Return an iterator over the (key, [values]) pairs of a dictionary.")
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def b(s):
+        return s.encode("latin-1")
+
+    def u(s):
+        return s
+    unichr = chr
+    import struct
+    int2byte = struct.Struct(">B").pack
+    del struct
+    byte2int = operator.itemgetter(0)
+    indexbytes = operator.getitem
+    iterbytes = iter
+    import io
+    StringIO = io.StringIO
+    BytesIO = io.BytesIO
+    _assertCountEqual = "assertCountEqual"
+    if sys.version_info[1] <= 1:
+        _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegexp"
+        _assertRegex = "assertRegexpMatches"
+    else:
+        _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegex"
+        _assertRegex = "assertRegex"
+else:
+    def b(s):
+        return s
+    # Workaround for standalone backslash
+
+    def u(s):
+        return unicode(s.replace(r'\\', r'\\\\'), "unicode_escape")
+    unichr = unichr
+    int2byte = chr
+
+    def byte2int(bs):
+        return ord(bs[0])
+
+    def indexbytes(buf, i):
+        return ord(buf[i])
+    iterbytes = functools.partial(itertools.imap, ord)
+    import StringIO
+    StringIO = BytesIO = StringIO.StringIO
+    _assertCountEqual = "assertItemsEqual"
+    _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegexp"
+    _assertRegex = "assertRegexpMatches"
+_add_doc(b, """Byte literal""")
+_add_doc(u, """Text literal""")
+
+
+def assertCountEqual(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertCountEqual)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertRaisesRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertRaisesRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    exec_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "exec")
+
+    def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+        if value is None:
+            value = tp()
+        if value.__traceback__ is not tb:
+            raise value.with_traceback(tb)
+        raise value
+
+else:
+    def exec_(_code_, _globs_=None, _locs_=None):
+        """Execute code in a namespace."""
+        if _globs_ is None:
+            frame = sys._getframe(1)
+            _globs_ = frame.f_globals
+            if _locs_ is None:
+                _locs_ = frame.f_locals
+            del frame
+        elif _locs_ is None:
+            _locs_ = _globs_
+        exec("""exec _code_ in _globs_, _locs_""")
+
+    exec_("""def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+    raise tp, value, tb
+""")
+
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] == (3, 2):
+    exec_("""def raise_from(value, from_value):
+    if from_value is None:
+        raise value
+    raise value from from_value
+""")
+elif sys.version_info[:2] > (3, 2):
+    exec_("""def raise_from(value, from_value):
+    raise value from from_value
+""")
+else:
+    def raise_from(value, from_value):
+        raise value
+
+
+print_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "print", None)
+if print_ is None:
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        """The new-style print function for Python 2.4 and 2.5."""
+        fp = kwargs.pop("file", sys.stdout)
+        if fp is None:
+            return
+
+        def write(data):
+            if not isinstance(data, basestring):
+                data = str(data)
+            # If the file has an encoding, encode unicode with it.
+            if (isinstance(fp, file) and
+                    isinstance(data, unicode) and
+                    fp.encoding is not None):
+                errors = getattr(fp, "errors", None)
+                if errors is None:
+                    errors = "strict"
+                data = data.encode(fp.encoding, errors)
+            fp.write(data)
+        want_unicode = False
+        sep = kwargs.pop("sep", None)
+        if sep is not None:
+            if isinstance(sep, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(sep, str):
+                raise TypeError("sep must be None or a string")
+        end = kwargs.pop("end", None)
+        if end is not None:
+            if isinstance(end, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(end, str):
+                raise TypeError("end must be None or a string")
+        if kwargs:
+            raise TypeError("invalid keyword arguments to print()")
+        if not want_unicode:
+            for arg in args:
+                if isinstance(arg, unicode):
+                    want_unicode = True
+                    break
+        if want_unicode:
+            newline = unicode("\n")
+            space = unicode(" ")
+        else:
+            newline = "\n"
+            space = " "
+        if sep is None:
+            sep = space
+        if end is None:
+            end = newline
+        for i, arg in enumerate(args):
+            if i:
+                write(sep)
+            write(arg)
+        write(end)
+if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 3):
+    _print = print_
+
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        fp = kwargs.get("file", sys.stdout)
+        flush = kwargs.pop("flush", False)
+        _print(*args, **kwargs)
+        if flush and fp is not None:
+            fp.flush()
+
+_add_doc(reraise, """Reraise an exception.""")
+
+if sys.version_info[0:2] < (3, 4):
+    def wraps(wrapped, assigned=functools.WRAPPER_ASSIGNMENTS,
+              updated=functools.WRAPPER_UPDATES):
+        def wrapper(f):
+            f = functools.wraps(wrapped, assigned, updated)(f)
+            f.__wrapped__ = wrapped
+            return f
+        return wrapper
+else:
+    wraps = functools.wraps
+
+
+def with_metaclass(meta, *bases):
+    """Create a base class with a metaclass."""
+    # This requires a bit of explanation: the basic idea is to make a dummy
+    # metaclass for one level of class instantiation that replaces itself with
+    # the actual metaclass.
+    class metaclass(meta):
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, this_bases, d):
+            return meta(name, bases, d)
+    return type.__new__(metaclass, 'temporary_class', (), {})
+
+
+def add_metaclass(metaclass):
+    """Class decorator for creating a class with a metaclass."""
+    def wrapper(cls):
+        orig_vars = cls.__dict__.copy()
+        slots = orig_vars.get('__slots__')
+        if slots is not None:
+            if isinstance(slots, str):
+                slots = [slots]
+            for slots_var in slots:
+                orig_vars.pop(slots_var)
+        orig_vars.pop('__dict__', None)
+        orig_vars.pop('__weakref__', None)
+        return metaclass(cls.__name__, cls.__bases__, orig_vars)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def python_2_unicode_compatible(klass):
+    """
+    A decorator that defines __unicode__ and __str__ methods under Python 2.
+    Under Python 3 it does nothing.
+
+    To support Python 2 and 3 with a single code base, define a __str__ method
+    returning text and apply this decorator to the class.
+    """
+    if PY2:
+        if '__str__' not in klass.__dict__:
+            raise ValueError("@python_2_unicode_compatible cannot be applied "
+                             "to %s because it doesn't define __str__()." %
+                             klass.__name__)
+        klass.__unicode__ = klass.__str__
+        klass.__str__ = lambda self: self.__unicode__().encode('utf-8')
+    return klass
+
+
+# Complete the moves implementation.
+# This code is at the end of this module to speed up module loading.
+# Turn this module into a package.
+__path__ = []  # required for PEP 302 and PEP 451
+__package__ = __name__  # see PEP 366 @ReservedAssignment
+if globals().get("__spec__") is not None:
+    __spec__.submodule_search_locations = []  # PEP 451 @UndefinedVariable
+# Remove other six meta path importers, since they cause problems. This can
+# happen if six is removed from sys.modules and then reloaded. (Setuptools does
+# this for some reason.)
+if sys.meta_path:
+    for i, importer in enumerate(sys.meta_path):
+        # Here's some real nastiness: Another "instance" of the six module might
+        # be floating around. Therefore, we can't use isinstance() to check for
+        # the six meta path importer, since the other six instance will have
+        # inserted an importer with different class.
+        if (type(importer).__name__ == "_SixMetaPathImporter" and
+                importer.name == __name__):
+            del sys.meta_path[i]
+            break
+    del i, importer
+# Finally, add the importer to the meta path import hook.
+sys.meta_path.append(_importer)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/extern/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/extern/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c1eb9e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/extern/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+import sys
+
+
+class VendorImporter:
+    """
+    A PEP 302 meta path importer for finding optionally-vendored
+    or otherwise naturally-installed packages from root_name.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, root_name, vendored_names=(), vendor_pkg=None):
+        self.root_name = root_name
+        self.vendored_names = set(vendored_names)
+        self.vendor_pkg = vendor_pkg or root_name.replace('extern', '_vendor')
+
+    @property
+    def search_path(self):
+        """
+        Search first the vendor package then as a natural package.
+        """
+        yield self.vendor_pkg + '.'
+        yield ''
+
+    def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
+        """
+        Return self when fullname starts with root_name and the
+        target module is one vendored through this importer.
+        """
+        root, base, target = fullname.partition(self.root_name + '.')
+        if root:
+            return
+        if not any(map(target.startswith, self.vendored_names)):
+            return
+        return self
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        """
+        Iterate over the search path to locate and load fullname.
+        """
+        root, base, target = fullname.partition(self.root_name + '.')
+        for prefix in self.search_path:
+            try:
+                extant = prefix + target
+                __import__(extant)
+                mod = sys.modules[extant]
+                sys.modules[fullname] = mod
+                # mysterious hack:
+                # Remove the reference to the extant package/module
+                # on later Python versions to cause relative imports
+                # in the vendor package to resolve the same modules
+                # as those going through this importer.
+                if prefix and sys.version_info > (3, 3):
+                    del sys.modules[extant]
+                return mod
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
+        else:
+            raise ImportError(
+                "The '{target}' package is required; "
+                "normally this is bundled with this package so if you get "
+                "this warning, consult the packager of your "
+                "distribution.".format(**locals())
+            )
+
+    def install(self):
+        """
+        Install this importer into sys.meta_path if not already present.
+        """
+        if self not in sys.meta_path:
+            sys.meta_path.append(self)
+
+
+names = 'packaging', 'pyparsing', 'six', 'appdirs'
+VendorImporter(__name__, names).install()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/extern/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/extern/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79025fc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/py31compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/py31compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a381c42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/py31compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import os
+import errno
+import sys
+
+from .extern import six
+
+
+def _makedirs_31(path, exist_ok=False):
+    try:
+        os.makedirs(path)
+    except OSError as exc:
+        if not exist_ok or exc.errno != errno.EEXIST:
+            raise
+
+
+# rely on compatibility behavior until mode considerations
+#  and exists_ok considerations are disentangled.
+# See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/pull/1083#issuecomment-315168663
+needs_makedirs = (
+    six.PY2 or
+    (3, 4) <= sys.version_info < (3, 4, 1)
+)
+makedirs = _makedirs_31 if needs_makedirs else os.makedirs
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c77274
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+Ptyprocess is under the ISC license, as code derived from Pexpect.
+    http://opensource.org/licenses/ISC
+
+Copyright (c) 2013-2014, Pexpect development team
+Copyright (c) 2012, Noah Spurrier <noah@noah.org>
+
+PERMISSION TO USE, COPY, MODIFY, AND/OR DISTRIBUTE THIS SOFTWARE FOR ANY PURPOSE
+WITH OR WITHOUT FEE IS HEREBY GRANTED, PROVIDED THAT THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICE
+AND THIS PERMISSION NOTICE APPEAR IN ALL COPIES. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED
+"AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE
+INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS,
+WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab1d4e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: ptyprocess
+Version: 0.7.0
+Summary: Run a subprocess in a pseudo terminal
+Home-page: https://github.com/pexpect/ptyprocess
+License: UNKNOWN
+Author: Thomas Kluyver
+Author-email: thomas@kluyver.me.uk
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Environment :: Console
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: System Administrators
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: ISC License (ISCL)
+Classifier: Operating System :: POSIX
+Classifier: Operating System :: MacOS :: MacOS X
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Topic :: Terminals
+
+Launch a subprocess in a pseudo terminal (pty), and interact with both the
+process and its pty.
+
+Sometimes, piping stdin and stdout is not enough. There might be a password
+prompt that doesn't read from stdin, output that changes when it's going to a
+pipe rather than a terminal, or curses-style interfaces that rely on a terminal.
+If you need to automate these things, running the process in a pseudo terminal
+(pty) is the answer.
+
+Interface::
+
+    p = PtyProcessUnicode.spawn(['python'])
+    p.read(20)
+    p.write('6+6\n')
+    p.read(20)
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9ae7d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=yCLThbGnMymEYkF5m-zxhpC11Edkwb7WkwC1NqQFAwo,905
+ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=w8K5a12aVdpZWMNNCMGKCEn1ZgkCbMRtXJW4t3_PPgw,1312
+ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=NLqmsx-ZFZ6gDavYgh2oH0ZSN-KRmpcdEXIZDnYy9Pg,99
+ptyprocess/__init__.py,sha256=sn-W_1nNRTuIOi2aCEHVL06wCVJcR-LOZdgpXzwFuTU,138
+ptyprocess/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc,,
+ptyprocess/__pycache__/_fork_pty.cpython-37.pyc,,
+ptyprocess/__pycache__/ptyprocess.cpython-37.pyc,,
+ptyprocess/__pycache__/util.cpython-37.pyc,,
+ptyprocess/_fork_pty.py,sha256=VVvMy8c4ZpjDMiIMSg8T1BQ1g3SBexDpey_cxi0n5aw,2362
+ptyprocess/ptyprocess.py,sha256=sk2sU2I22Yyl1gU3FjFmpWL3B43o0KqG3d3CI8r0Nq8,31686
+ptyprocess/util.py,sha256=rQAdDRZfoOiOn6vykWth0wI6FFKAp7aJtBSdt-KBWdU,2785
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3825653
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess-0.7.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: flit 3.0.0
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a6268e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+"""Run a subprocess in a pseudo terminal"""
+from .ptyprocess import PtyProcess, PtyProcessUnicode, PtyProcessError
+
+__version__ = '0.7.0'
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/_fork_pty.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/_fork_pty.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8d05fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/_fork_pty.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+"""Substitute for the forkpty system call, to support Solaris.
+"""
+import os
+import errno
+
+from pty import (STDIN_FILENO, STDOUT_FILENO, STDERR_FILENO, CHILD)
+from .util import PtyProcessError
+
+def fork_pty():
+    '''This implements a substitute for the forkpty system call. This
+    should be more portable than the pty.fork() function. Specifically,
+    this should work on Solaris.
+
+    Modified 10.06.05 by Geoff Marshall: Implemented __fork_pty() method to
+    resolve the issue with Python's pty.fork() not supporting Solaris,
+    particularly ssh. Based on patch to posixmodule.c authored by Noah
+    Spurrier::
+
+        http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2003-May/035281.html
+
+    '''
+
+    parent_fd, child_fd = os.openpty()
+    if parent_fd < 0 or child_fd < 0:
+        raise OSError("os.openpty() failed")
+
+    pid = os.fork()
+    if pid == CHILD:
+        # Child.
+        os.close(parent_fd)
+        pty_make_controlling_tty(child_fd)
+
+        os.dup2(child_fd, STDIN_FILENO)
+        os.dup2(child_fd, STDOUT_FILENO)
+        os.dup2(child_fd, STDERR_FILENO)
+
+    else:
+        # Parent.
+        os.close(child_fd)
+
+    return pid, parent_fd
+
+def pty_make_controlling_tty(tty_fd):
+    '''This makes the pseudo-terminal the controlling tty. This should be
+    more portable than the pty.fork() function. Specifically, this should
+    work on Solaris. '''
+
+    child_name = os.ttyname(tty_fd)
+
+    # Disconnect from controlling tty, if any.  Raises OSError of ENXIO
+    # if there was no controlling tty to begin with, such as when
+    # executed by a cron(1) job.
+    try:
+        fd = os.open("/dev/tty", os.O_RDWR | os.O_NOCTTY)
+        os.close(fd)
+    except OSError as err:
+        if err.errno != errno.ENXIO:
+            raise
+
+    os.setsid()
+
+    # Verify we are disconnected from controlling tty by attempting to open
+    # it again.  We expect that OSError of ENXIO should always be raised.
+    try:
+        fd = os.open("/dev/tty", os.O_RDWR | os.O_NOCTTY)
+        os.close(fd)
+        raise PtyProcessError("OSError of errno.ENXIO should be raised.")
+    except OSError as err:
+        if err.errno != errno.ENXIO:
+            raise
+
+    # Verify we can open child pty.
+    fd = os.open(child_name, os.O_RDWR)
+    os.close(fd)
+
+    # Verify we now have a controlling tty.
+    fd = os.open("/dev/tty", os.O_WRONLY)
+    os.close(fd)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/ptyprocess.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/ptyprocess.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..78d19fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/ptyprocess.py
@@ -0,0 +1,842 @@
+import codecs
+import errno
+import fcntl
+import io
+import os
+import pty
+import resource
+import signal
+import struct
+import sys
+import termios
+import time
+
+try:
+    import builtins  # Python 3
+except ImportError:
+    import __builtin__ as builtins  # Python 2
+
+# Constants
+from pty import (STDIN_FILENO, CHILD)
+
+from .util import which, PtyProcessError
+
+_platform = sys.platform.lower()
+
+# Solaris uses internal __fork_pty(). All others use pty.fork().
+_is_solaris = (
+    _platform.startswith('solaris') or
+    _platform.startswith('sunos'))
+
+if _is_solaris:
+    use_native_pty_fork = False
+    from . import _fork_pty
+else:
+    use_native_pty_fork = True
+
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] >= 3
+
+if PY3:
+    def _byte(i):
+        return bytes([i])
+else:
+    def _byte(i):
+        return chr(i)
+    
+    class FileNotFoundError(OSError): pass
+    class TimeoutError(OSError): pass
+
+_EOF, _INTR = None, None
+
+def _make_eof_intr():
+    """Set constants _EOF and _INTR.
+    
+    This avoids doing potentially costly operations on module load.
+    """
+    global _EOF, _INTR
+    if (_EOF is not None) and (_INTR is not None):
+        return
+
+    # inherit EOF and INTR definitions from controlling process.
+    try:
+        from termios import VEOF, VINTR
+        fd = None
+        for name in 'stdin', 'stdout':
+            stream = getattr(sys, '__%s__' % name, None)
+            if stream is None or not hasattr(stream, 'fileno'):
+                continue
+            try:
+                fd = stream.fileno()
+            except ValueError:
+                continue
+        if fd is None:
+            # no fd, raise ValueError to fallback on CEOF, CINTR
+            raise ValueError("No stream has a fileno")
+        intr = ord(termios.tcgetattr(fd)[6][VINTR])
+        eof = ord(termios.tcgetattr(fd)[6][VEOF])
+    except (ImportError, OSError, IOError, ValueError, termios.error):
+        # unless the controlling process is also not a terminal,
+        # such as cron(1), or when stdin and stdout are both closed.
+        # Fall-back to using CEOF and CINTR. There
+        try:
+            from termios import CEOF, CINTR
+            (intr, eof) = (CINTR, CEOF)
+        except ImportError:
+            #                         ^C, ^D
+            (intr, eof) = (3, 4)
+    
+    _INTR = _byte(intr)
+    _EOF = _byte(eof)
+
+# setecho and setwinsize are pulled out here because on some platforms, we need
+# to do this from the child before we exec()
+    
+def _setecho(fd, state):
+    errmsg = 'setecho() may not be called on this platform (it may still be possible to enable/disable echo when spawning the child process)'
+
+    try:
+        attr = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
+    except termios.error as err:
+        if err.args[0] == errno.EINVAL:
+            raise IOError(err.args[0], '%s: %s.' % (err.args[1], errmsg))
+        raise
+
+    if state:
+        attr[3] = attr[3] | termios.ECHO
+    else:
+        attr[3] = attr[3] & ~termios.ECHO
+
+    try:
+        # I tried TCSADRAIN and TCSAFLUSH, but these were inconsistent and
+        # blocked on some platforms. TCSADRAIN would probably be ideal.
+        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSANOW, attr)
+    except IOError as err:
+        if err.args[0] == errno.EINVAL:
+            raise IOError(err.args[0], '%s: %s.' % (err.args[1], errmsg))
+        raise
+
+def _setwinsize(fd, rows, cols):
+    # Some very old platforms have a bug that causes the value for
+    # termios.TIOCSWINSZ to be truncated. There was a hack here to work
+    # around this, but it caused problems with newer platforms so has been
+    # removed. For details see https://github.com/pexpect/pexpect/issues/39
+    TIOCSWINSZ = getattr(termios, 'TIOCSWINSZ', -2146929561)
+    # Note, assume ws_xpixel and ws_ypixel are zero.
+    s = struct.pack('HHHH', rows, cols, 0, 0)
+    fcntl.ioctl(fd, TIOCSWINSZ, s)
+
+class PtyProcess(object):
+    '''This class represents a process running in a pseudoterminal.
+    
+    The main constructor is the :meth:`spawn` classmethod.
+    '''
+    string_type = bytes
+    if PY3:
+        linesep = os.linesep.encode('ascii')
+        crlf = '\r\n'.encode('ascii')
+
+        @staticmethod
+        def write_to_stdout(b):
+            try:
+                return sys.stdout.buffer.write(b)
+            except AttributeError:
+                # If stdout has been replaced, it may not have .buffer
+                return sys.stdout.write(b.decode('ascii', 'replace'))
+    else:
+        linesep = os.linesep
+        crlf = '\r\n'
+        write_to_stdout = sys.stdout.write
+
+    encoding = None
+    
+    argv = None
+    env = None
+    launch_dir = None
+
+    def __init__(self, pid, fd):
+        _make_eof_intr()  # Ensure _EOF and _INTR are calculated
+        self.pid = pid
+        self.fd = fd
+        readf = io.open(fd, 'rb', buffering=0)
+        writef = io.open(fd, 'wb', buffering=0, closefd=False)
+        self.fileobj = io.BufferedRWPair(readf, writef)
+
+        self.terminated = False
+        self.closed = False
+        self.exitstatus = None
+        self.signalstatus = None
+        # status returned by os.waitpid
+        self.status = None
+        self.flag_eof = False
+        # Used by close() to give kernel time to update process status.
+        # Time in seconds.
+        self.delayafterclose = 0.1
+        # Used by terminate() to give kernel time to update process status.
+        # Time in seconds.
+        self.delayafterterminate = 0.1
+
+    @classmethod
+    def spawn(
+            cls, argv, cwd=None, env=None, echo=True, preexec_fn=None,
+            dimensions=(24, 80), pass_fds=()):
+        '''Start the given command in a child process in a pseudo terminal.
+
+        This does all the fork/exec type of stuff for a pty, and returns an
+        instance of PtyProcess.
+
+        If preexec_fn is supplied, it will be called with no arguments in the
+        child process before exec-ing the specified command.
+        It may, for instance, set signal handlers to SIG_DFL or SIG_IGN.
+
+        Dimensions of the psuedoterminal used for the subprocess can be
+        specified as a tuple (rows, cols), or the default (24, 80) will be used.
+
+        By default, all file descriptors except 0, 1 and 2 are closed. This
+        behavior can be overridden with pass_fds, a list of file descriptors to
+        keep open between the parent and the child.
+        '''
+        # Note that it is difficult for this method to fail.
+        # You cannot detect if the child process cannot start.
+        # So the only way you can tell if the child process started
+        # or not is to try to read from the file descriptor. If you get
+        # EOF immediately then it means that the child is already dead.
+        # That may not necessarily be bad because you may have spawned a child
+        # that performs some task; creates no stdout output; and then dies.
+
+        if not isinstance(argv, (list, tuple)):
+            raise TypeError("Expected a list or tuple for argv, got %r" % argv)
+
+        # Shallow copy of argv so we can modify it
+        argv = argv[:]
+        command = argv[0]
+
+        command_with_path = which(command)
+        if command_with_path is None:
+            raise FileNotFoundError('The command was not found or was not ' +
+                                    'executable: %s.' % command)
+        command = command_with_path
+        argv[0] = command
+
+        # [issue #119] To prevent the case where exec fails and the user is
+        # stuck interacting with a python child process instead of whatever
+        # was expected, we implement the solution from
+        # http://stackoverflow.com/a/3703179 to pass the exception to the
+        # parent process
+
+        # [issue #119] 1. Before forking, open a pipe in the parent process.
+        exec_err_pipe_read, exec_err_pipe_write = os.pipe()
+
+        if use_native_pty_fork:
+            pid, fd = pty.fork()
+        else:
+            # Use internal fork_pty, for Solaris
+            pid, fd = _fork_pty.fork_pty()
+
+        # Some platforms must call setwinsize() and setecho() from the
+        # child process, and others from the master process. We do both,
+        # allowing IOError for either.
+
+        if pid == CHILD:
+            # set window size
+            try:
+                _setwinsize(STDIN_FILENO, *dimensions)
+            except IOError as err:
+                if err.args[0] not in (errno.EINVAL, errno.ENOTTY):
+                    raise
+
+            # disable echo if spawn argument echo was unset
+            if not echo:
+                try:
+                    _setecho(STDIN_FILENO, False)
+                except (IOError, termios.error) as err:
+                    if err.args[0] not in (errno.EINVAL, errno.ENOTTY):
+                        raise
+
+            # [issue #119] 3. The child closes the reading end and sets the
+            # close-on-exec flag for the writing end.
+            os.close(exec_err_pipe_read)
+            fcntl.fcntl(exec_err_pipe_write, fcntl.F_SETFD, fcntl.FD_CLOEXEC)
+
+            # Do not allow child to inherit open file descriptors from parent,
+            # with the exception of the exec_err_pipe_write of the pipe
+            # and pass_fds.
+            # Impose ceiling on max_fd: AIX bugfix for users with unlimited
+            # nofiles where resource.RLIMIT_NOFILE is 2^63-1 and os.closerange()
+            # occasionally raises out of range error
+            max_fd = min(1048576, resource.getrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_NOFILE)[0])
+            spass_fds = sorted(set(pass_fds) | {exec_err_pipe_write})
+            for pair in zip([2] + spass_fds, spass_fds + [max_fd]):
+                os.closerange(pair[0]+1, pair[1])
+
+            if cwd is not None:
+                os.chdir(cwd)
+
+            if preexec_fn is not None:
+                try:
+                    preexec_fn()
+                except Exception as e:
+                    ename = type(e).__name__
+                    tosend = '{}:0:{}'.format(ename, str(e))
+                    if PY3:
+                        tosend = tosend.encode('utf-8')
+
+                    os.write(exec_err_pipe_write, tosend)
+                    os.close(exec_err_pipe_write)
+                    os._exit(1)
+
+            try:
+                if env is None:
+                    os.execv(command, argv)
+                else:
+                    os.execvpe(command, argv, env)
+            except OSError as err:
+                # [issue #119] 5. If exec fails, the child writes the error
+                # code back to the parent using the pipe, then exits.
+                tosend = 'OSError:{}:{}'.format(err.errno, str(err))
+                if PY3:
+                    tosend = tosend.encode('utf-8')
+                os.write(exec_err_pipe_write, tosend)
+                os.close(exec_err_pipe_write)
+                os._exit(os.EX_OSERR)
+
+        # Parent
+        inst = cls(pid, fd)
+        
+        # Set some informational attributes
+        inst.argv = argv
+        if env is not None:
+            inst.env = env
+        if cwd is not None:
+            inst.launch_dir = cwd
+
+        # [issue #119] 2. After forking, the parent closes the writing end
+        # of the pipe and reads from the reading end.
+        os.close(exec_err_pipe_write)
+        exec_err_data = os.read(exec_err_pipe_read, 4096)
+        os.close(exec_err_pipe_read)
+
+        # [issue #119] 6. The parent reads eof (a zero-length read) if the
+        # child successfully performed exec, since close-on-exec made
+        # successful exec close the writing end of the pipe. Or, if exec
+        # failed, the parent reads the error code and can proceed
+        # accordingly. Either way, the parent blocks until the child calls
+        # exec.
+        if len(exec_err_data) != 0:
+            try:
+                errclass, errno_s, errmsg = exec_err_data.split(b':', 2)
+                exctype = getattr(builtins, errclass.decode('ascii'), Exception)
+
+                exception = exctype(errmsg.decode('utf-8', 'replace'))
+                if exctype is OSError:
+                    exception.errno = int(errno_s)
+            except:
+                raise Exception('Subprocess failed, got bad error data: %r'
+                                    % exec_err_data)
+            else:
+                raise exception
+
+        try:
+            inst.setwinsize(*dimensions)
+        except IOError as err:
+            if err.args[0] not in (errno.EINVAL, errno.ENOTTY, errno.ENXIO):
+                raise
+
+        return inst
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        clsname = type(self).__name__
+        if self.argv is not None:
+            args = [repr(self.argv)]
+            if self.env is not None:
+                args.append("env=%r" % self.env)
+            if self.launch_dir is not None:
+                args.append("cwd=%r" % self.launch_dir)
+            
+            return "{}.spawn({})".format(clsname, ", ".join(args))
+        
+        else:
+            return "{}(pid={}, fd={})".format(clsname, self.pid, self.fd)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _coerce_send_string(s):
+        if not isinstance(s, bytes):
+            return s.encode('utf-8')
+        return s
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _coerce_read_string(s):
+        return s
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        '''This makes sure that no system resources are left open. Python only
+        garbage collects Python objects. OS file descriptors are not Python
+        objects, so they must be handled explicitly. If the child file
+        descriptor was opened outside of this class (passed to the constructor)
+        then this does not close it. '''
+
+        if not self.closed:
+            # It is possible for __del__ methods to execute during the
+            # teardown of the Python VM itself. Thus self.close() may
+            # trigger an exception because os.close may be None.
+            try:
+                self.close()
+            # which exception, shouldn't we catch explicitly .. ?
+            except:
+                pass
+
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        '''This returns the file descriptor of the pty for the child.
+        '''
+        return self.fd
+
+    def close(self, force=True):
+        '''This closes the connection with the child application. Note that
+        calling close() more than once is valid. This emulates standard Python
+        behavior with files. Set force to True if you want to make sure that
+        the child is terminated (SIGKILL is sent if the child ignores SIGHUP
+        and SIGINT). '''
+        if not self.closed:
+            self.flush()
+            self.fileobj.close() # Closes the file descriptor
+            # Give kernel time to update process status.
+            time.sleep(self.delayafterclose)
+            if self.isalive():
+                if not self.terminate(force):
+                    raise PtyProcessError('Could not terminate the child.')
+            self.fd = -1
+            self.closed = True
+            #self.pid = None
+
+    def flush(self):
+        '''This does nothing. It is here to support the interface for a
+        File-like object. '''
+
+        pass
+
+    def isatty(self):
+        '''This returns True if the file descriptor is open and connected to a
+        tty(-like) device, else False.
+
+        On SVR4-style platforms implementing streams, such as SunOS and HP-UX,
+        the child pty may not appear as a terminal device.  This means
+        methods such as setecho(), setwinsize(), getwinsize() may raise an
+        IOError. '''
+
+        return os.isatty(self.fd)
+
+    def waitnoecho(self, timeout=None):
+        '''This waits until the terminal ECHO flag is set False. This returns
+        True if the echo mode is off. This returns False if the ECHO flag was
+        not set False before the timeout. This can be used to detect when the
+        child is waiting for a password. Usually a child application will turn
+        off echo mode when it is waiting for the user to enter a password. For
+        example, instead of expecting the "password:" prompt you can wait for
+        the child to set ECHO off::
+
+            p = pexpect.spawn('ssh user@example.com')
+            p.waitnoecho()
+            p.sendline(mypassword)
+
+        If timeout==None then this method to block until ECHO flag is False.
+        '''
+
+        if timeout is not None:
+            end_time = time.time() + timeout
+        while True:
+            if not self.getecho():
+                return True
+            if timeout < 0 and timeout is not None:
+                return False
+            if timeout is not None:
+                timeout = end_time - time.time()
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+
+    def getecho(self):
+        '''This returns the terminal echo mode. This returns True if echo is
+        on or False if echo is off. Child applications that are expecting you
+        to enter a password often set ECHO False. See waitnoecho().
+
+        Not supported on platforms where ``isatty()`` returns False.  '''
+
+        try:
+            attr = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
+        except termios.error as err:
+            errmsg = 'getecho() may not be called on this platform'
+            if err.args[0] == errno.EINVAL:
+                raise IOError(err.args[0], '%s: %s.' % (err.args[1], errmsg))
+            raise
+
+        self.echo = bool(attr[3] & termios.ECHO)
+        return self.echo
+
+    def setecho(self, state):
+        '''This sets the terminal echo mode on or off. Note that anything the
+        child sent before the echo will be lost, so you should be sure that
+        your input buffer is empty before you call setecho(). For example, the
+        following will work as expected::
+
+            p = pexpect.spawn('cat') # Echo is on by default.
+            p.sendline('1234') # We expect see this twice from the child...
+            p.expect(['1234']) # ... once from the tty echo...
+            p.expect(['1234']) # ... and again from cat itself.
+            p.setecho(False) # Turn off tty echo
+            p.sendline('abcd') # We will set this only once (echoed by cat).
+            p.sendline('wxyz') # We will set this only once (echoed by cat)
+            p.expect(['abcd'])
+            p.expect(['wxyz'])
+
+        The following WILL NOT WORK because the lines sent before the setecho
+        will be lost::
+
+            p = pexpect.spawn('cat')
+            p.sendline('1234')
+            p.setecho(False) # Turn off tty echo
+            p.sendline('abcd') # We will set this only once (echoed by cat).
+            p.sendline('wxyz') # We will set this only once (echoed by cat)
+            p.expect(['1234'])
+            p.expect(['1234'])
+            p.expect(['abcd'])
+            p.expect(['wxyz'])
+
+
+        Not supported on platforms where ``isatty()`` returns False.
+        '''
+        _setecho(self.fd, state)
+
+        self.echo = state
+
+    def read(self, size=1024):
+        """Read and return at most ``size`` bytes from the pty.
+
+        Can block if there is nothing to read. Raises :exc:`EOFError` if the
+        terminal was closed.
+        
+        Unlike Pexpect's ``read_nonblocking`` method, this doesn't try to deal
+        with the vagaries of EOF on platforms that do strange things, like IRIX
+        or older Solaris systems. It handles the errno=EIO pattern used on
+        Linux, and the empty-string return used on BSD platforms and (seemingly)
+        on recent Solaris.
+        """
+        try:
+            s = self.fileobj.read1(size)
+        except (OSError, IOError) as err:
+            if err.args[0] == errno.EIO:
+                # Linux-style EOF
+                self.flag_eof = True
+                raise EOFError('End Of File (EOF). Exception style platform.')
+            raise
+        if s == b'':
+            # BSD-style EOF (also appears to work on recent Solaris (OpenIndiana))
+            self.flag_eof = True
+            raise EOFError('End Of File (EOF). Empty string style platform.')
+
+        return s
+
+    def readline(self):
+        """Read one line from the pseudoterminal, and return it as unicode.
+
+        Can block if there is nothing to read. Raises :exc:`EOFError` if the
+        terminal was closed.
+        """
+        try:
+            s = self.fileobj.readline()
+        except (OSError, IOError) as err:
+            if err.args[0] == errno.EIO:
+                # Linux-style EOF
+                self.flag_eof = True
+                raise EOFError('End Of File (EOF). Exception style platform.')
+            raise
+        if s == b'':
+            # BSD-style EOF (also appears to work on recent Solaris (OpenIndiana))
+            self.flag_eof = True
+            raise EOFError('End Of File (EOF). Empty string style platform.')
+
+        return s
+
+    def _writeb(self, b, flush=True):
+        n = self.fileobj.write(b)
+        if flush:
+            self.fileobj.flush()
+        return n
+
+    def write(self, s, flush=True):
+        """Write bytes to the pseudoterminal.
+        
+        Returns the number of bytes written.
+        """
+        return self._writeb(s, flush=flush)
+
+    def sendcontrol(self, char):
+        '''Helper method that wraps send() with mnemonic access for sending control
+        character to the child (such as Ctrl-C or Ctrl-D).  For example, to send
+        Ctrl-G (ASCII 7, bell, '\a')::
+
+            child.sendcontrol('g')
+
+        See also, sendintr() and sendeof().
+        '''
+        char = char.lower()
+        a = ord(char)
+        if 97 <= a <= 122:
+            a = a - ord('a') + 1
+            byte = _byte(a)
+            return self._writeb(byte), byte
+        d = {'@': 0, '`': 0,
+            '[': 27, '{': 27,
+            '\\': 28, '|': 28,
+            ']': 29, '}': 29,
+            '^': 30, '~': 30,
+            '_': 31,
+            '?': 127}
+        if char not in d:
+            return 0, b''
+
+        byte = _byte(d[char])
+        return self._writeb(byte), byte
+
+    def sendeof(self):
+        '''This sends an EOF to the child. This sends a character which causes
+        the pending parent output buffer to be sent to the waiting child
+        program without waiting for end-of-line. If it is the first character
+        of the line, the read() in the user program returns 0, which signifies
+        end-of-file. This means to work as expected a sendeof() has to be
+        called at the beginning of a line. This method does not send a newline.
+        It is the responsibility of the caller to ensure the eof is sent at the
+        beginning of a line. '''
+
+        return self._writeb(_EOF), _EOF
+
+    def sendintr(self):
+        '''This sends a SIGINT to the child. It does not require
+        the SIGINT to be the first character on a line. '''
+
+        return self._writeb(_INTR), _INTR
+
+    def eof(self):
+        '''This returns True if the EOF exception was ever raised.
+        '''
+
+        return self.flag_eof
+
+    def terminate(self, force=False):
+        '''This forces a child process to terminate. It starts nicely with
+        SIGHUP and SIGINT. If "force" is True then moves onto SIGKILL. This
+        returns True if the child was terminated. This returns False if the
+        child could not be terminated. '''
+
+        if not self.isalive():
+            return True
+        try:
+            self.kill(signal.SIGHUP)
+            time.sleep(self.delayafterterminate)
+            if not self.isalive():
+                return True
+            self.kill(signal.SIGCONT)
+            time.sleep(self.delayafterterminate)
+            if not self.isalive():
+                return True
+            self.kill(signal.SIGINT)
+            time.sleep(self.delayafterterminate)
+            if not self.isalive():
+                return True
+            if force:
+                self.kill(signal.SIGKILL)
+                time.sleep(self.delayafterterminate)
+                if not self.isalive():
+                    return True
+                else:
+                    return False
+            return False
+        except OSError:
+            # I think there are kernel timing issues that sometimes cause
+            # this to happen. I think isalive() reports True, but the
+            # process is dead to the kernel.
+            # Make one last attempt to see if the kernel is up to date.
+            time.sleep(self.delayafterterminate)
+            if not self.isalive():
+                return True
+            else:
+                return False
+
+    def wait(self):
+        '''This waits until the child exits. This is a blocking call. This will
+        not read any data from the child, so this will block forever if the
+        child has unread output and has terminated. In other words, the child
+        may have printed output then called exit(), but, the child is
+        technically still alive until its output is read by the parent. '''
+
+        if self.isalive():
+            pid, status = os.waitpid(self.pid, 0)
+        else:
+            return self.exitstatus
+        self.exitstatus = os.WEXITSTATUS(status)
+        if os.WIFEXITED(status):
+            self.status = status
+            self.exitstatus = os.WEXITSTATUS(status)
+            self.signalstatus = None
+            self.terminated = True
+        elif os.WIFSIGNALED(status):
+            self.status = status
+            self.exitstatus = None
+            self.signalstatus = os.WTERMSIG(status)
+            self.terminated = True
+        elif os.WIFSTOPPED(status):  # pragma: no cover
+            # You can't call wait() on a child process in the stopped state.
+            raise PtyProcessError('Called wait() on a stopped child ' +
+                    'process. This is not supported. Is some other ' +
+                    'process attempting job control with our child pid?')
+        return self.exitstatus
+
+    def isalive(self):
+        '''This tests if the child process is running or not. This is
+        non-blocking. If the child was terminated then this will read the
+        exitstatus or signalstatus of the child. This returns True if the child
+        process appears to be running or False if not. It can take literally
+        SECONDS for Solaris to return the right status. '''
+
+        if self.terminated:
+            return False
+
+        if self.flag_eof:
+            # This is for Linux, which requires the blocking form
+            # of waitpid to get the status of a defunct process.
+            # This is super-lame. The flag_eof would have been set
+            # in read_nonblocking(), so this should be safe.
+            waitpid_options = 0
+        else:
+            waitpid_options = os.WNOHANG
+
+        try:
+            pid, status = os.waitpid(self.pid, waitpid_options)
+        except OSError as e:
+            # No child processes
+            if e.errno == errno.ECHILD:
+                raise PtyProcessError('isalive() encountered condition ' +
+                        'where "terminated" is 0, but there was no child ' +
+                        'process. Did someone else call waitpid() ' +
+                        'on our process?')
+            else:
+                raise
+
+        # I have to do this twice for Solaris.
+        # I can't even believe that I figured this out...
+        # If waitpid() returns 0 it means that no child process
+        # wishes to report, and the value of status is undefined.
+        if pid == 0:
+            try:
+                ### os.WNOHANG) # Solaris!
+                pid, status = os.waitpid(self.pid, waitpid_options)
+            except OSError as e:  # pragma: no cover
+                # This should never happen...
+                if e.errno == errno.ECHILD:
+                    raise PtyProcessError('isalive() encountered condition ' +
+                            'that should never happen. There was no child ' +
+                            'process. Did someone else call waitpid() ' +
+                            'on our process?')
+                else:
+                    raise
+
+            # If pid is still 0 after two calls to waitpid() then the process
+            # really is alive. This seems to work on all platforms, except for
+            # Irix which seems to require a blocking call on waitpid or select,
+            # so I let read_nonblocking take care of this situation
+            # (unfortunately, this requires waiting through the timeout).
+            if pid == 0:
+                return True
+
+        if pid == 0:
+            return True
+
+        if os.WIFEXITED(status):
+            self.status = status
+            self.exitstatus = os.WEXITSTATUS(status)
+            self.signalstatus = None
+            self.terminated = True
+        elif os.WIFSIGNALED(status):
+            self.status = status
+            self.exitstatus = None
+            self.signalstatus = os.WTERMSIG(status)
+            self.terminated = True
+        elif os.WIFSTOPPED(status):
+            raise PtyProcessError('isalive() encountered condition ' +
+                    'where child process is stopped. This is not ' +
+                    'supported. Is some other process attempting ' +
+                    'job control with our child pid?')
+        return False
+
+    def kill(self, sig):
+        """Send the given signal to the child application.
+
+        In keeping with UNIX tradition it has a misleading name. It does not
+        necessarily kill the child unless you send the right signal. See the
+        :mod:`signal` module for constants representing signal numbers.
+        """
+
+        # Same as os.kill, but the pid is given for you.
+        if self.isalive():
+            os.kill(self.pid, sig)
+
+    def getwinsize(self):
+        """Return the window size of the pseudoterminal as a tuple (rows, cols).
+        """
+        TIOCGWINSZ = getattr(termios, 'TIOCGWINSZ', 1074295912)
+        s = struct.pack('HHHH', 0, 0, 0, 0)
+        x = fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCGWINSZ, s)
+        return struct.unpack('HHHH', x)[0:2]
+
+    def setwinsize(self, rows, cols):
+        """Set the terminal window size of the child tty.
+
+        This will cause a SIGWINCH signal to be sent to the child. This does not
+        change the physical window size. It changes the size reported to
+        TTY-aware applications like vi or curses -- applications that respond to
+        the SIGWINCH signal.
+        """
+        return _setwinsize(self.fd, rows, cols)
+
+
+class PtyProcessUnicode(PtyProcess):
+    """Unicode wrapper around a process running in a pseudoterminal.
+
+    This class exposes a similar interface to :class:`PtyProcess`, but its read
+    methods return unicode, and its :meth:`write` accepts unicode.
+    """
+    if PY3:
+        string_type = str
+    else:
+        string_type = unicode   # analysis:ignore
+
+    def __init__(self, pid, fd, encoding='utf-8', codec_errors='strict'):
+        super(PtyProcessUnicode, self).__init__(pid, fd)
+        self.encoding = encoding
+        self.codec_errors = codec_errors
+        self.decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder(encoding)(errors=codec_errors)
+
+    def read(self, size=1024):
+        """Read at most ``size`` bytes from the pty, return them as unicode.
+
+        Can block if there is nothing to read. Raises :exc:`EOFError` if the
+        terminal was closed.
+
+        The size argument still refers to bytes, not unicode code points.
+        """
+        b = super(PtyProcessUnicode, self).read(size)
+        return self.decoder.decode(b, final=False)
+
+    def readline(self):
+        """Read one line from the pseudoterminal, and return it as unicode.
+
+        Can block if there is nothing to read. Raises :exc:`EOFError` if the
+        terminal was closed.
+        """
+        b = super(PtyProcessUnicode, self).readline()
+        return self.decoder.decode(b, final=False)
+
+    def write(self, s):
+        """Write the unicode string ``s`` to the pseudoterminal.
+
+        Returns the number of bytes written.
+        """
+        b = s.encode(self.encoding)
+        return super(PtyProcessUnicode, self).write(b)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/util.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aadbd62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ptyprocess/util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+try:
+    from shutil import which  # Python >= 3.3
+except ImportError:
+    import os, sys
+    
+    # This is copied from Python 3.4.1
+    def which(cmd, mode=os.F_OK | os.X_OK, path=None):
+        """Given a command, mode, and a PATH string, return the path which
+        conforms to the given mode on the PATH, or None if there is no such
+        file.
+    
+        `mode` defaults to os.F_OK | os.X_OK. `path` defaults to the result
+        of os.environ.get("PATH"), or can be overridden with a custom search
+        path.
+    
+        """
+        # Check that a given file can be accessed with the correct mode.
+        # Additionally check that `file` is not a directory, as on Windows
+        # directories pass the os.access check.
+        def _access_check(fn, mode):
+            return (os.path.exists(fn) and os.access(fn, mode)
+                    and not os.path.isdir(fn))
+    
+        # If we're given a path with a directory part, look it up directly rather
+        # than referring to PATH directories. This includes checking relative to the
+        # current directory, e.g. ./script
+        if os.path.dirname(cmd):
+            if _access_check(cmd, mode):
+                return cmd
+            return None
+    
+        if path is None:
+            path = os.environ.get("PATH", os.defpath)
+        if not path:
+            return None
+        path = path.split(os.pathsep)
+    
+        if sys.platform == "win32":
+            # The current directory takes precedence on Windows.
+            if not os.curdir in path:
+                path.insert(0, os.curdir)
+    
+            # PATHEXT is necessary to check on Windows.
+            pathext = os.environ.get("PATHEXT", "").split(os.pathsep)
+            # See if the given file matches any of the expected path extensions.
+            # This will allow us to short circuit when given "python.exe".
+            # If it does match, only test that one, otherwise we have to try
+            # others.
+            if any(cmd.lower().endswith(ext.lower()) for ext in pathext):
+                files = [cmd]
+            else:
+                files = [cmd + ext for ext in pathext]
+        else:
+            # On other platforms you don't have things like PATHEXT to tell you
+            # what file suffixes are executable, so just pass on cmd as-is.
+            files = [cmd]
+    
+        seen = set()
+        for dir in path:
+            normdir = os.path.normcase(dir)
+            if not normdir in seen:
+                seen.add(normdir)
+                for thefile in files:
+                    name = os.path.join(dir, thefile)
+                    if _access_check(name, mode):
+                        return name
+        return None
+
+
+class PtyProcessError(Exception):
+    """Generic error class for this package."""
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/LICENSE b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70e16fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+pygatt:
+
+Copyright 2015 Stratos Inc.
+Copyright 2015 Orion Labs, Inc.
+Copyright 2014 Christopher Peplin
+Copyright 2013 Michael Saunby
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+
+
+
+pygatt.backends.bgapi.bglib:
+
+Copyright 2014 Jeff Rowberg
+
+BGLib source code libraries are placed under the MIT license Copyright (c)
+2014 Jeff Rowberg.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
+IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05ae6b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: pygatt
+Version: 4.0.5
+Summary: Python Bluetooth LE (Low Energy) and GATT Library
+Home-page: https://github.com/peplin/pygatt
+Author: Chris Peplin <github@rhubarbtech.com>
+Author-email: github@rhubarbtech.com
+License: Apache 2.0 and MIT
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Apache Software License
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Requires-Dist: pyserial
+Requires-Dist: enum-compat
+Provides-Extra: gatttool
+Requires-Dist: pexpect ; extra == 'gatttool'
+
+pygatt - Python Module for Bluetooth LE Generic Attribute Profile (GATT).
+=========================================================================
+
+This Module allows reading and writing to GATT descriptors on devices
+such as fitness trackers, sensors, and anything implementing standard
+GATT Descriptor behavior.
+
+pygatt provides a Pythonic API by wrapping two different backends:
+
+-  BlueZ (requires Linux), using the ``gatttool`` command-line utility.
+-  Bluegiga's BGAPI, compatible with USB adapters like the BLED112.
+
+Motivation
+----------
+
+Despite the popularity of BLE, we have yet to find a good programming
+interface for it on desktop computers. Since most peripherals are
+designed to work with smartphones, this space is neglected. One
+interactive interface, BlueZ's ``gatttool``, is functional but difficult
+to use programmatically. BlueZ itself obviously works, but the interface
+leaves something to be desired and only works in Linux.
+
+Requirements
+------------
+
+-  Python 2.7.5 or greater, or Python 3.5 or greater
+
+   -  Python 2.7.3's ``struct`` library has a bug that will break PyGATT - 2.7.5
+         or greater is recommended.
+
+-  BlueZ 5.18 or greater (with gatttool) - required for the gatttool
+   backend only.
+
+   -  Tested on 5.18, 5.21, 5.35 and 5.43
+
+-  GATTToolBackend requires Linux (i.e. not Windows compatible)
+
+Installation
+------------
+
+Install ``pygatt`` with pip from PyPI:
+
+::
+
+    $ pip install pygatt
+
+The BlueZ backend is not supported by default as it requires
+``pexpect``, which can only be installed in a UNIX-based environment. If
+you wish to use that backend, install the optional dependencies with:
+
+::
+
+    $ pip install "pygatt[GATTTOOL]"
+
+Install the latest development version of ``pygatt`` with pip:
+
+::
+
+    $ pip install git+https://github.com/peplin/pygatt
+
+Documentation
+-------------
+
+The documentation for pygatt consists of:
+
+- This README
+- The code in the ``samples`` directory
+- The Python docstrings in the code itself.
+
+The ``BLEDevice`` and ``BLEBackend`` base classes are the primary interfaces for
+users of the library.
+
+Example Use
+-----------
+
+The primary API for users of this library is provided by
+``pygatt.BLEBackend`` and ``pygatt.BLEDevice``. After initializing an
+instance of the preferred backend (available implementations are found
+in ``pygatt.backends``, use the ``BLEBackend.connect`` method to connect
+to a device and get an instance of ``BLEDevice.``
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    import pygatt
+
+    # The BGAPI backend will attempt to auto-discover the serial device name of the
+    # attached BGAPI-compatible USB adapter.
+    adapter = pygatt.BGAPIBackend()
+
+    try:
+        adapter.start()
+        device = adapter.connect('01:23:45:67:89:ab')
+        value = device.char_read("a1e8f5b1-696b-4e4c-87c6-69dfe0b0093b")
+    finally:
+        adapter.stop()
+
+Note that not all backends support connecting to more than 1 device at
+at time, so calling ``BLEBackend.connect`` again may terminate existing
+connections.
+
+Here's the same example using the GATTTool backend. It's identical
+except for the initialization of the backend:
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    import pygatt
+
+    adapter = pygatt.GATTToolBackend()
+
+    try:
+        adapter.start()
+        device = adapter.connect('01:23:45:67:89:ab')
+        value = device.char_read("a1e8f5b1-696b-4e4c-87c6-69dfe0b0093b")
+    finally:
+        adapter.stop()
+
+Notifications Example
+---------------------
+
+This example uses the gatttool backend to connect to a device with a specific
+MAC address, subscribes for notifications on a characteristic, and prints the
+data returned in each notification.
+
+.. code:: python
+
+    import pygatt
+    from binascii import hexlify
+
+    adapter = pygatt.GATTToolBackend()
+
+    def handle_data(handle, value):
+        """
+        handle -- integer, characteristic read handle the data was received on
+        value -- bytearray, the data returned in the notification
+        """
+        print("Received data: %s" % hexlify(value))
+
+    try:
+        adapter.start()
+        device = adapter.connect('01:23:45:67:89:ab')
+
+        device.subscribe("a1e8f5b1-696b-4e4c-87c6-69dfe0b0093b",
+                         callback=handle_data)
+    finally:
+        adapter.stop()
+
+Debugging
+---------
+
+While debugging software using pygatt, it is often useful to see what's
+happening inside the library. You can enable debugging logging and have
+it printed to your terminal with this code:
+
+::
+
+    import pygatt
+    import logging
+
+    logging.basicConfig()
+    logging.getLogger('pygatt').setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
+
+Can't find BGAPI device in Windows
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+You may need to explicitly specify the COM port of your BGAPI-compatible
+device in windows, e.g.:
+
+::
+
+    adapter = pygatt.BGAPIBackend(serial_port='COM9')
+
+If you provide the COM port name, but still get an error such as
+``WindowsError(2, 'The system cannot find the file specified.')``, try
+changing the COM port of the device to a value under 10, e.g. ``COM9``.
+
+Authors
+-------
+
+- Jeff Rowberg @jrowberg https://github.com/jrowberg/bglib
+- Greg Albrecht @ampledata https://github.com/ampledata/pygatt
+- Christopher Peplin @peplin https://github.com/peplin/pygatt
+- Morten Kjaergaard @mkjaergaard https://github.com/mkjaergaard/pygatt
+- Michael Saunby @msaunby https://github.com/msaunby/ble-sensor-pi
+- Steven Sloboda https://github.com/sloboste
+- Ilya Sukhanov @IlyaSukhanov
+- @dcliftreaves
+- Jonathan Dan
+- Ilann Adjedj
+- Ralph Hempel
+- Rene Jacobsen
+- Marcus Georgi
+- Alexandre Barachant
+- Michel Rivas Hernandez
+- Jean Regisser
+- David Martin
+- Pieter Hooimeijer
+- Thomas Li Fredriksen
+- Markus Proeller
+- lachtanek
+- Andrea Merello
+- Richard Mitchell
+- Daniel Santos
+- Andrew Connell
+- Jakub Hrabec
+- John Schoenberger
+- Georgi Boiko
+- Jose Phillips
+
+Releasing to PyPI
+-----------------
+
+For the maintainers of the project, when you want to make a release:
+
+-  Merge all of the changes into ``master``.
+-  Update the version in ``setup.py``.
+-  Update the ``CHANGELOG.mkd``
+-  Tag the commit and push to GitHub (will need to push to a separate
+   branch of PR first since ``master`` is a protected branch).
+-  Travis CI will take care of the rest - it will build and deploy
+   tagged commits to PyPI automatically.
+
+License
+-------
+
+Copyright 2015 Stratos Inc. and Orion Labs
+
+Apache License, Version 2.0 and MIT License. See LICENSE.
+
+
+.. :changelog:
+
+Release History
+================
+
+V4.0.5
+------
+
+Same as 4.0.4. Re-released to fix PyPi upload.
+
+V4.0.4
+------
+
+* Improvement: Remove Bluetooth specification PDFs, refer to bluetooth.com to
+  avoid copyright issues.
+* Improvement: Add wait_for_response option to subscription methods
+
+V4.0.3
+------
+
+* Fix: Regression with receiving indications with GATTTOOL backend
+* Fix: Regression with subscribing to characteristics with GATTTOOL (need to use
+  writes, not commands) (#234)
+* Improvement: Don't require sudo for removing bonding (#234)
+
+V4.0.1
+------
+
+* Improvement: Wait longer for characteristics discovery with BGAPI backend (#201)
+* Fix: Protect against invalid BGAPI packets
+* Fix: Fix parsing fields from BGAPI connection status
+* Fix: Robust to non-UTF8 characters in hcitool scan results
+* Fix: Log correct connection flags from BGAPI response
+
+V4.0.0
+------
+
+* Feature: Add ``char_read_long`` for reading characteristics longer than a
+  single packet (#206, #177)
+* Feature: Add command to change MTU (GATTTool only) (#182)
+* Feature: Allow registering callbacks for device discovery events. (#176)
+* Feature: Support fetching BLE device MAC address (#150)
+* Improvement: Add better serial port error handling for BGAPI. (#162)
+* Improvement: Expand and allow overriding pexpect search buffer for gatttool
+  output to support devices with many characteristics without negatively
+  impacting performance (#209)
+* Improvement: Wait before re-opening BGAPI serial port to improve detection on
+  Windows. (#162)
+* Improvement: Add support for Python 3.7
+* Fix: Use ATT write (not command) by default for char_write
+* Fix: Wait longer for ATT write according to BlueGiga spec
+* Fix: Fix BGAPI device detection (#154)
+* Fix: Stop leaking file descriptors when erasing BLE bonds with GATTTool
+  backend (#188)
+* Fix: Typos (#173)
+* Drop official support for Python 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6.
+
+V3.2.1
+------
+
+- Improvement: Officially support Python 3.6.
+- Improvement: Permit use of non-standard characteristics in reserved range (#140)
+
+V3.2.0
+------
+
+- Fix: Reliably auto-reconnect after restarting BGAPI device. Fixes a bug in
+  first attempt at auto-reconnection, only worked in some environments. (#144)
+- Fix: Remove spurious "no handler for logger" warnings (#143)
+- Fix: Use enum-compat instead of enum34, to fix installation in Python 3.4+
+- Feature: Limit search window size for GATTTool backend, to avoid high CPU
+  usage for long running connections. (#123)
+- Feature: Add support for write commands to BGAPIBackend (#115)
+
+V3.1.1
+------
+
+- Improvement: Convert documentation to RST for better PyPI integration.
+
+V3.1.0
+------
+
+-  Fix: Support platforms without ``termios`` (Windows)
+-  Feature: Add ``char_read_handle`` to GATTTool backend.
+-  Improvement: Warn if ``hcitool`` requires a sudo authentication.
+-  Improvement: Allow BGAPI device more time to reboot for more reliable
+   discovery.
+-  Improvement: Interpret "invalid file descriptor" as a disconnect
+   event.
+-  Fix: Correctly handle service class UUIDs that aren't 16 bytes.
+-  Improvement: Support BLE devices with any UTF8 character.
+-  Improvement: Make gatttol prompt timeout configurable.
+-  Improvement: Gracefully stop ``lescan`` to avoid leaving the adapter
+   in a bad state.
+-  Improvement: Allow custom timeout for discovery on GATTTool backend.
+-  Fix: Make sure responses to char reads on BGAPI backend are from the
+   requested handle.
+-  Improvement: Raise and exception if trying to instantiate the
+   GATTTool backend in Windows.
+-  Improvement: If no BGAPI device attached, abort immediately.
+-  Fix: Use user's configured HCI device for connection and scanning in
+   GATTTool backend.
+
+V3.0.0
+------
+
+-  [API Change] The BGAPIBackend.connect method now takes the same
+   ``address_type`` argument as the GATTTool backend [BGAPI].
+-  [API Change] The ``address_type`` argument on both backends now
+   requires a value from a new enum, ``pygatt.BLEAddressType``, instead
+   of a string.
+-  Made Python 3 support a priority for both GATTTOOL and BGAPI
+   backends.
+-  Improve reliability of BGAPI backend by re-setting device for each
+   connection.
+
+V2.1.0
+------
+
+-  Added all standard GATT characteristics. [BGAPI]
+-  Move gatttool monitor to a background thread for increased
+   performance. [GATTTOOL]
+
+V2.0.1
+------
+
+-  Feature: Allow unsubscribing from notifications.
+-  Improvement: Allow more time to discover characteristics. [GATTTOOL]
+-  Improvement: Allow using gatttol backend without root. [GATTTOOL]
+-  Improvement: Standardize type of UUID so comparison always works (str
+   vs unicode)
+-  Fix: Fix packaging so the version on PyPI can be installed.
+-  Fix: Fix Python 3 compatibility.
+
+Thanks to Ilya Sukhanov and Alexey Roslyakov for the changes in this
+release!
+
+v2.0.0
+------
+
+-  New API with support for multiple BLE adapters.
+
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd74438
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
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+pygatt/backends/gatttool/__init__.py,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c57a597
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.33.4)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c07944
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt-4.0.5.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pygatt
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1ae7dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import logging
+
+
+class NullHandler(logging.Handler):
+    def emit(self, record):
+        pass
+
+# Initialize a null handler for logging to avoid printing spurious "No handlers
+# could be found for logger" messages.
+logging.getLogger(__name__).addHandler(NullHandler())
+
+from .exceptions import BLEError  # noqa
+from .device import BLEDevice  # noqa
+from .backends import BGAPIBackend, GATTToolBackend, BLEAddressType  # noqa
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4275388
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from .backend import BLEBackend, Characteristic, BLEAddressType  # noqa
+from .bgapi.bgapi import BGAPIBackend  # noqa
+from .gatttool.gatttool import GATTToolBackend  # noqa
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/backend.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/backend.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..930bed1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/backend.py
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+import logging
+
+from enum import Enum
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_S = 5.0
+
+BLEAddressType = Enum('BLEAddressType', 'public random')
+
+
+class BLEBackend(object):
+    """Abstract base class representing a Bluetooth adapter backend. See the
+    `pygatt.backends` module for available implementations.
+    """
+
+    def start(self):
+        """Initialize and resource required to run the backend, e.g. background
+        threads, USB device connections, etc.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def stop(self):
+        """Stop and free any resources required while the backend is running.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def supports_unbonded(self):
+        """Return True if the backend supports unbonded communication - this is
+        to make detecting the GATTTool backend easier, which at the moment is
+        auto-upgrading to a bonded connection even if not requested.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    def connect(self, address, timeout=DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_S, **kwargs):
+        """Return a BLEDevice for the connection if connected, otherwise raise
+        an exception.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def scan(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Performs a BLE scan.
+
+        Returns a list of BLE devices found.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def filtered_scan(self, name_filter="", *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Scan for BLE devices and filter the list to include only with a name
+        that includes the given filter.
+
+        Returns a list of BLE devices found.
+        """
+        devices = self.scan(*args, **kwargs)
+        return [device for device in devices
+                if name_filter in (device['name'] or '')]
+
+    def clear_bond(self, address=None):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class Characteristic(object):
+    """
+    A GATT characteristic, including it handle value and associated descriptors.
+    Only valid for the lifespan of a BLE connection, since the handle values are
+    dynamic.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, uuid, handle):
+        """
+        Sets the characteritic uuid and handle.
+
+        handle - a bytearray
+        """
+        self.uuid = uuid
+        self.handle = handle
+        self.descriptors = {
+            # uuid_string: handle
+        }
+
+    def add_descriptor(self, uuid, handle):
+        """
+        Add a characteristic descriptor to the dictionary of descriptors.
+        """
+        self.descriptors[uuid] = handle
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "<%s uuid=%s handle=%d>" % (self.__class__.__name__,
+                                           self.uuid, self.handle)
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/bgapi.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/bgapi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..29da0b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/bgapi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,829 @@
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+
+# for Python 2/3 compatibility
+try:
+    import queue
+except ImportError:
+    import Queue as queue
+
+import logging
+import serial
+import time
+import threading
+from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify
+from uuid import UUID
+from enum import Enum
+from collections import defaultdict
+
+from pygatt.exceptions import NotConnectedError
+from pygatt.backends import BLEBackend, Characteristic, BLEAddressType
+from pygatt.util import uuid16_to_uuid
+
+from . import bglib, constants
+from .exceptions import BGAPIError, ExpectedResponseTimeout
+from .device import BGAPIBLEDevice
+from .bglib import EventPacketType, ResponsePacketType
+from .packets import BGAPICommandPacketBuilder as CommandBuilder
+from .error_codes import get_return_message
+from .util import find_usb_serial_devices
+
+try:
+    import termios
+except ImportError:
+    # Running in Windows (not Linux/OS X/Cygwin)
+    serial_exceptions = (RuntimeError, ValueError,
+                         BGAPIError, serial.serialutil.SerialException)
+else:
+    serial_exceptions = (termios.error, IOError, OSError, TypeError,
+                         BGAPIError, serial.serialutil.SerialException)
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+BLED112_VENDOR_ID = 0x2458
+BLED112_PRODUCT_ID = 0x0001
+MAX_CONNECTION_ATTEMPTS = 10
+
+
+UUIDType = Enum('UUIDType', ['custom', 'service', 'attribute',
+                             'descriptor', 'characteristic',
+                             'nonstandard'])
+
+
+def _timed_out(start_time, timeout):
+    return time.time() - start_time > timeout
+
+
+def bgapi_address_to_hex(address):
+    address = hexlify(bytearray(
+        list(reversed(address)))).upper().decode('ascii')
+    return ':'.join(''.join(pair) for pair in zip(*[iter(address)] * 2))
+
+
+class AdvertisingAndScanInfo(object):
+    """
+    Holds the advertising and scan response packet data from a device at a given
+    address.
+    """
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.name = ""
+        self.address = ""
+        self.rssi = None
+        self.packet_data = {
+            # scan_response_packet_type[xxx]: data_dictionary,
+        }
+
+
+class BGAPIBackend(BLEBackend):
+    """
+    A BLE backend for a BGAPI compatible USB adapter.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, serial_port=None, receive_queue_timeout=0.1):
+        """
+        Initialize the backend, but don't start the USB connection yet. Must
+        call .start().
+
+        serial_port -- The name of the serial port for the BGAPI-compatible
+            USB interface. If not provided, will attempt to auto-detect.
+        """
+        self._lib = bglib.BGLib()
+        self._serial_port = serial_port
+        self._receive_queue_timeout = receive_queue_timeout
+
+        self._ser = None
+        self._receiver = None
+        self._running = None
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+        self._evt = threading.Event()
+        self._scan_cb = None
+
+        # buffer for packets received
+        self._receiver_queue = queue.Queue()
+
+        # State
+        self._num_bonds = 0  # number of bonds stored on the adapter
+        self._stored_bonds = []  # bond handles stored on the adapter
+        self._devices_discovered = {
+            # 'address': AdvertisingAndScanInfo,
+            # Note: address formatted like "01:23:45:67:89:AB"
+        }
+        self._characteristics = defaultdict(dict)
+        self._connections = {}
+
+        self._current_characteristic = None  # used in char/descriptor discovery
+        self._packet_handlers = {
+            ResponsePacketType.sm_get_bonds: self._ble_rsp_sm_get_bonds,
+            ResponsePacketType.system_address_get: (
+                self._ble_rsp_system_address_get),
+            EventPacketType.attclient_attribute_value: (
+                self._ble_evt_attclient_attribute_value),
+            EventPacketType.attclient_find_information_found: (
+                self._ble_evt_attclient_find_information_found),
+            EventPacketType.connection_status: self._ble_evt_connection_status,
+            EventPacketType.connection_disconnected: (
+                self._ble_evt_connection_disconnected),
+            EventPacketType.gap_scan_response: self._ble_evt_gap_scan_response,
+            EventPacketType.sm_bond_status: self._ble_evt_sm_bond_status,
+        }
+
+        log.info("Initialized new BGAPI backend")
+
+    def _detect_device_port(self):
+        if self._serial_port:
+            try:
+                serial.Serial(port=self._serial_port)
+                return self._serial_port
+            except serial.serialutil.SerialException:
+                raise BGAPIError(
+                    "Unable to detect BLED112 serial port: {}.".format(
+                        self._serial_port))
+        else:
+            log.info("Auto-detecting serial port for BLED112")
+            detected_devices = find_usb_serial_devices(
+                vendor_id=BLED112_VENDOR_ID,
+                product_id=BLED112_PRODUCT_ID)
+            if len(detected_devices) == 0:
+                raise BGAPIError("Unable to auto-detect BLED112 serial port")
+
+            log.info("Found BLED112 on serial port %s",
+                     detected_devices[0].port_name)
+            return detected_devices[0].port_name
+
+    def _open_serial_port(self,
+                          max_connection_attempts=MAX_CONNECTION_ATTEMPTS):
+        """
+        Open a connection to the named serial port, or auto-detect the first
+        port matching the BLED device. This will wait until data can actually be
+        read from the connection, so it will not return until the device is
+        fully booted.
+
+        max_connection_attempts -- Max number of times to retry
+            detecting and connecting to a device.
+
+        Raises a NotConnectedError if the device cannot connect after 10
+        attempts, with a short pause in between each attempt.
+        """
+        for attempt in range(max_connection_attempts):
+            log.debug("Opening connection to serial port (attempt %d)",
+                      attempt + 1)
+            try:
+                serial_port = self._serial_port or self._detect_device_port()
+                self._ser = None
+
+                self._ser = serial.Serial(serial_port, baudrate=115200,
+                                          timeout=0.25)
+                # Wait until we can actually read from the device
+                self._ser.read()
+                break
+            except serial_exceptions:
+                log.debug("Failed to open serial port", exc_info=True)
+                if self._ser:
+                    self._ser.close()
+                elif attempt == (max_connection_attempts - 1):
+                    raise NotConnectedError(
+                        "No BGAPI compatible device detected")
+                self._ser = None
+                time.sleep(0.25)
+        else:
+            raise NotConnectedError("Unable to reconnect with USB "
+                                    "device after rebooting")
+
+    def start(self, reset=True):
+        """
+        Connect to the USB adapter, reset its state and start a background
+        receiver thread.
+
+        reset - Reset the device if True.
+        """
+        if self._running and self._running.is_set():
+            self.stop()
+
+        # Fail immediately if no device is attached
+        self._detect_device_port()
+
+        # Blow everything away and start anew.
+        # Only way to be sure is to burn it down and start again.
+        # (Aka reset remote state machine)
+
+        # The zero param just means we want to do a normal restart instead of
+        # starting a firmware update restart.
+        if reset:
+            log.info(
+                "Resetting and reconnecting to device for a clean environment")
+            self._open_serial_port()
+            self.send_command(CommandBuilder.system_reset(0))
+            self._ser.close()
+
+            # Wait before re-opening the port - required on at least Windows,
+            # possibly OS X.
+            time.sleep(0.5)
+
+        self._open_serial_port()
+        self._receiver = threading.Thread(target=self._receive)
+        self._receiver.daemon = True
+
+        self._running = threading.Event()
+        self._running.set()
+        self._receiver.start()
+
+        self.disable_advertising()
+        self.set_bondable(False)
+
+        # Stop any ongoing procedure
+        log.debug("Stopping any outstanding GAP procedure")
+        self.send_command(CommandBuilder.gap_end_procedure())
+        try:
+            self.expect(ResponsePacketType.gap_end_procedure)
+        except BGAPIError:
+            # Ignore any errors if there was no GAP procedure running
+            pass
+
+    def get_mac(self):
+        self.send_command(CommandBuilder.system_address_get())
+        self.expect(ResponsePacketType.system_address_get)
+
+    def stop(self):
+        for device in self._connections.values():
+            try:
+                device.disconnect()
+            except NotConnectedError:
+                pass
+        if self._running:
+            if self._running.is_set():
+                log.info('Stopping')
+            self._running.clear()
+
+        if self._receiver:
+            self._receiver.join()
+        self._receiver = None
+
+        if self._ser:
+            self._ser.close()
+            self._ser = None
+
+    def set_bondable(self, bondable):
+        self.send_command(
+            CommandBuilder.sm_set_bondable_mode(
+                constants.bondable['yes' if bondable else 'no']))
+        self.expect(ResponsePacketType.sm_set_bondable_mode)
+
+    def disable_advertising(self):
+        log.info("Disabling advertising")
+        self.send_command(
+            CommandBuilder.gap_set_mode(
+                constants.gap_discoverable_mode['non_discoverable'],
+                constants.gap_connectable_mode['non_connectable']))
+        self.expect(ResponsePacketType.gap_set_mode)
+
+    def send_command(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        with self._lock:
+            if self._ser is None:
+                log.warn("Unexpectedly not connected to USB device")
+                raise NotConnectedError()
+            return self._lib.send_command(self._ser, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def clear_bond(self, address=None):
+        """
+        Delete the bonds stored on the adapter.
+
+        address - the address of the device to unbond. If not provided, will
+            erase all bonds.
+
+        Note: this does not delete the corresponding bond stored on the remote
+              device.
+        """
+        # Find bonds
+        log.info("Fetching existing bonds for devices")
+        self._stored_bonds = []
+        self.send_command(CommandBuilder.sm_get_bonds())
+
+        try:
+            self.expect(ResponsePacketType.sm_get_bonds)
+        except NotConnectedError:
+            pass
+
+        if self._num_bonds == 0:
+            return
+
+        while len(self._stored_bonds) < self._num_bonds:
+            self.expect(EventPacketType.sm_bond_status)
+
+        for b in reversed(self._stored_bonds):
+            log.info("Deleting bond %s", b)
+
+            self.send_command(CommandBuilder.sm_delete_bonding(b))
+            self.expect(ResponsePacketType.sm_delete_bonding)
+
+    def scan(self, timeout=10, scan_interval=75, scan_window=50, active=True,
+             discover_mode=constants.gap_discover_mode['observation'],
+             scan_cb=None, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Perform a scan to discover BLE devices.
+
+        timeout -- the number of seconds this scan should last.
+        scan_interval -- the number of milliseconds until scanning is restarted.
+        scan_window -- the number of milliseconds the scanner will listen on one
+                     frequency for advertisement packets.
+        active -- True --> ask sender for scan response data. False --> don't.
+        discover_mode -- one of the gap_discover_mode constants.
+        scan_cb -- This callback function is called whenever a new BLE
+                   advertising packet is received.
+                   The function takes three parameters:
+                       devices, addr, packet_type
+                   If the function returns True, the scan is aborted
+        """
+        self._scan_cb = scan_cb
+        parameters = 1 if active else 0
+        # NOTE: the documentation seems to say that the times are in units of
+        # 625us but the ranges it gives correspond to units of 1ms....
+        self.send_command(
+            CommandBuilder.gap_set_scan_parameters(
+                scan_interval, scan_window, parameters
+            ))
+
+        self.expect(ResponsePacketType.gap_set_scan_parameters)
+
+        log.info("Starting an %s scan", "active" if active else "passive")
+        self.send_command(CommandBuilder.gap_discover(discover_mode))
+
+        self.expect(ResponsePacketType.gap_discover)
+
+        log.info("Pausing for maximum %ds to allow scan to complete", timeout)
+
+        self._evt.set()
+        start_time = time.time()
+
+        while self._evt.is_set():
+            try:
+                self.expect(EventPacketType.gap_scan_response,
+                            timeout=timeout)
+            except ExpectedResponseTimeout:
+                pass
+            if _timed_out(start_time, timeout):
+                break
+
+        log.info("Stopping scan")
+        self.send_command(CommandBuilder.gap_end_procedure())
+        self.expect(ResponsePacketType.gap_end_procedure)
+
+        devices = []
+        for address, info in self._devices_discovered.items():
+            devices.append({
+                'address': address,
+                'name': info.name,
+                'rssi': info.rssi,
+                'packet_data': info.packet_data
+            })
+        log.info("Discovered %d devices: %s", len(devices), devices)
+        self._devices_discovered = {}
+        return devices
+
+    def _end_procedure(self):
+        self.send_command(CommandBuilder.gap_end_procedure())
+        self.expect(ResponsePacketType.gap_end_procedure)
+
+    def connect(self, address, timeout=5,
+                address_type=BLEAddressType.public,
+                interval_min=60, interval_max=76, supervision_timeout=100,
+                latency=0):
+        """
+        Connect directly to a device given the ble address then discovers and
+        stores the characteristic and characteristic descriptor handles.
+
+        Requires that the adapter is not connected to a device already.
+
+        address -- a bytearray containing the device mac address.
+        timeout -- number of seconds to wait before returning if not connected.
+        address_type -- one of BLEAddressType's values, either public or random.
+
+        Raises BGAPIError or NotConnectedError on failure.
+        """
+
+        address_bytes = bytearray(unhexlify(address.replace(":", "")))
+        for device in self._connections.values():
+            if device._address == bgapi_address_to_hex(address_bytes):
+                return device
+
+        log.info("Connecting to device at address %s (timeout %ds)",
+                 address, timeout)
+        self.set_bondable(False)
+
+        if address_type == BLEAddressType.public:
+            addr_type = constants.ble_address_type['gap_address_type_public']
+        else:
+            addr_type = constants.ble_address_type['gap_address_type_random']
+
+        self.send_command(
+            CommandBuilder.gap_connect_direct(
+                address_bytes, addr_type, interval_min, interval_max,
+                supervision_timeout, latency))
+
+        try:
+            self.expect(ResponsePacketType.gap_connect_direct)
+            _, packet = self.expect(EventPacketType.connection_status,
+                                    timeout=timeout)
+            # TODO what do we do if the status isn't 'connected'? Retry?
+            # Raise an exception? Should also check the address matches the
+            # expected TODO i'm finding that when reconnecting to the same
+            # MAC, we geta conneciotn status of "disconnected" but that is
+            # picked up here as "connected", then we don't get anything
+            # else.
+            if self._connection_status_flag(
+                    packet['flags'],
+                    constants.connection_status_flag['connected']):
+                device = BGAPIBLEDevice(
+                    bgapi_address_to_hex(packet['address']),
+                    packet['connection_handle'],
+                    self)
+                if self._connection_status_flag(
+                        packet['flags'],
+                        constants.connection_status_flag['encrypted']):
+                    device.encrypted = True
+                self._connections[packet['connection_handle']] = device
+                log.info("Connected to %s", address)
+                return device
+        except ExpectedResponseTimeout:
+            # If the connection doesn't occur because the device isn't there
+            # then you should manually stop the command.
+            #
+            # If we never get the connection status it is likely that it
+            # didn't occur because the device isn't there. If that is true
+            # then we have to manually stop the command.
+            self._end_procedure()
+            exc = NotConnectedError()
+            exc.__cause__ = None
+            raise exc
+
+    def discover_characteristics(self, connection_handle):
+        att_handle_start = 0x0001  # first valid handle
+        att_handle_end = 0xFFFF  # last valid handle
+        log.info("Fetching characteristics for connection %d",
+                 connection_handle)
+        self.send_command(
+            CommandBuilder.attclient_find_information(
+                connection_handle, att_handle_start, att_handle_end))
+
+        self.expect(ResponsePacketType.attclient_find_information)
+        try:
+            self.expect(EventPacketType.attclient_procedure_completed,
+                        timeout=30)
+        except ExpectedResponseTimeout:
+            log.warn("Continuing even though discovery hasn't finished")
+
+        for char_uuid_str, char_obj in (
+                self._characteristics[connection_handle].items()):
+            log.info("Characteristic 0x%s is handle 0x%x",
+                     char_uuid_str, char_obj.handle)
+            for desc_uuid_str, desc_handle in (
+                    char_obj.descriptors.items()):
+                log.info("Characteristic descriptor 0x%s is handle 0x%x",
+                         desc_uuid_str, desc_handle)
+        return self._characteristics[connection_handle]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _connection_status_flag(flags, flag_to_find):
+        """
+        Is the given flag in the connection status flags?
+
+        flags -- the 'flags' parameter returned by ble_evt_connection_status.
+        flag_to_find -- the flag to look for in flags.
+
+        Returns true if flag_to_find is in flags. Returns false otherwise.
+        """
+        return (flags & flag_to_find) == flag_to_find
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_uuid_type(uuid):
+        """
+        Checks if the UUID is a custom 128-bit UUID or a GATT characteristic
+        descriptor UUID.
+
+        uuid -- the UUID as a bytearray.
+
+        Return a UUIDType.
+        """
+        if len(uuid) == 16:  # 128-bit --> 16 byte
+            return UUIDType.custom
+        if uuid in constants.gatt_service_uuid.values():
+            return UUIDType.service
+        if uuid in constants.gatt_attribute_type_uuid.values():
+            return UUIDType.attribute
+        if uuid in constants.gatt_characteristic_descriptor_uuid.values():
+            return UUIDType.descriptor
+        if uuid in constants.gatt_characteristic_type_uuid.values():
+            return UUIDType.characteristic
+
+        log.warn("Unrecognized 4 byte UUID %s", hexlify(uuid))
+        return UUIDType.nonstandard
+
+    def _scan_rsp_data(self, data):
+        """
+        Parse scan response data.
+        Note: the data will come in a format like the following:
+        [data_length, data_type, data..., data_length, data_type, data...]
+
+        data -- the args['data'] list from _ble_evt_scan_response.
+
+        Returns a name and a dictionary containing the parsed data in pairs of
+        field_name': value.
+        """
+        # Result stored here
+        data_dict = {
+            # 'name': value,
+        }
+        bytes_left_in_field = 0
+        field_name = None
+        field_value = []
+        # Iterate over data bytes to put in field
+        dev_name = ""
+        for b in data:
+            if bytes_left_in_field == 0:
+                # New field
+                bytes_left_in_field = b
+                field_value = []
+            else:
+                field_value.append(b)
+                bytes_left_in_field -= 1
+                if bytes_left_in_field == 0:
+                    # End of field
+                    field_name = (
+                        constants.scan_response_data_type[field_value[0]])
+                    field_value = field_value[1:]
+                    # Field type specific formats
+                    if (field_name == 'complete_local_name' or
+                            field_name == 'shortened_local_name'):
+                        try:
+                            dev_name = bytearray(field_value).decode("utf-8")
+                        except:
+                            log.debug("Failed to decode data as UTF8, "
+                                      "returning verbatim")
+                        else:
+                            data_dict[field_name] = dev_name
+                    elif (field_name ==
+                          'complete_list_128-bit_service_class_uuids'):
+                        if len(field_value) % 16 == 0:  # 16 bytes
+                            data_dict[field_name] = []
+                            for i in range(0, int(len(field_value) / 16)):
+                                service_uuid = (
+                                    "0x%s" %
+                                    bgapi_address_to_hex(
+                                        field_value[i * 16:i * 16 + 16]))
+                                data_dict[field_name].append(service_uuid)
+                        else:
+                            log.warning("Expected a service class UUID of 16\
+                                        bytes. Instead received %d bytes",
+                                        len(field_value))
+                    else:
+                        data_dict[field_name] = bytearray(field_value)
+        return dev_name, data_dict
+
+    def expect(self, expected, *args, **kargs):
+        return self.expect_any([expected], *args, **kargs)
+
+    def expect_any(self, expected_packet_choices, timeout=None,
+                   assert_return_success=True):
+        """
+        Process packets until a packet of one of the expected types is found.
+
+        expected_packet_choices -- a list of BGLib.PacketType.xxxxx. Upon
+                                   processing a packet of a type contained in
+                                   the list, this function will return.
+        timeout -- maximum time in seconds to process packets.
+        assert_return_success -- raise an exception if the return code from a
+            matched message is non-zero.
+
+        Raises an ExpectedResponseTimeout if one of the expected responses is
+            not receiving withint the time limit.
+        """
+        timeout = timeout or 1
+        log.debug("Expecting a response of one of %s within %fs",
+                  expected_packet_choices, timeout or 0)
+
+        start_time = None
+        if timeout is not None:
+            start_time = time.time()
+
+        while True:
+            packet = None
+            try:
+                packet = self._receiver_queue.get(
+                    timeout=self._receive_queue_timeout)
+            except queue.Empty:
+                if timeout is not None:
+                    if _timed_out(start_time, timeout):
+                        exc = ExpectedResponseTimeout(
+                            expected_packet_choices, timeout)
+                        exc.__cause__ = None
+                        raise exc
+                    continue
+
+            if packet is None:
+                raise ExpectedResponseTimeout(expected_packet_choices, timeout)
+
+            try:
+                packet_type, response = self._lib.decode_packet(packet)
+            except bglib.UnknownMessageType:
+                log.warn("Ignoring message decode failure", exc_info=True)
+                continue
+
+            return_code = response.get('result', 0)
+            log.debug("Received a %s packet: %s",
+                      packet_type, get_return_message(return_code))
+
+            if packet_type in self._packet_handlers:
+                self._packet_handlers[packet_type](response)
+
+            if packet_type in expected_packet_choices:
+                return packet_type, response
+
+    def _receive(self):
+        """
+        Read bytes from serial and enqueue the packets if the packet is not a.
+        Stops if the self._running event is not set.
+        """
+        log.info("Running receiver")
+        while self._running.is_set():
+            packet = self._lib.parse_byte(self._ser.read())
+            if packet is not None:
+                try:
+                    packet_type, args = self._lib.decode_packet(packet)
+                except bglib.UnknownMessageType:
+                    log.warn("Ignoring message decode failure", exc_info=True)
+                    continue
+                if packet_type == EventPacketType.attclient_attribute_value:
+                    device = self._connections[args['connection_handle']]
+                    device.receive_notification(args['atthandle'],
+                                                bytearray(args['value']))
+                self._receiver_queue.put(packet)
+        log.info("Stopping receiver")
+
+    def _ble_evt_attclient_attribute_value(self, args):
+        """
+        Handles the event for values of characteristics.
+
+        args -- dictionary containing the attribute handle ('atthandle'),
+        attribute type ('type'), and attribute value ('value')
+        """
+        log.debug("attribute handle = %x", args['atthandle'])
+        log.debug("attribute type = %x", args['type'])
+        log.debug("attribute value = 0x%s", hexlify(bytearray(args['value'])))
+
+    def _ble_evt_attclient_find_information_found(self, args):
+        """
+        Handles the event for characteritic discovery.
+
+        Adds the characteristic to the dictionary of characteristics or adds
+        the descriptor to the dictionary of descriptors in the current
+        characteristic. These events will be occur in an order similar to the
+        following:
+        1) primary service uuid
+        2) 0 or more descriptors
+        3) characteristic uuid
+        4) 0 or more descriptors
+        5) repeat steps 3-4
+
+        args -- dictionary containing the characteristic handle ('chrhandle'),
+        and characteristic UUID ('uuid')
+        """
+        raw_uuid = bytearray(reversed(args['uuid']))
+
+        # Convert 4-byte UUID shorthand to a full, 16-byte UUID
+        uuid_type = self._get_uuid_type(raw_uuid)
+        if uuid_type != UUIDType.custom:
+            uuid = uuid16_to_uuid(int(
+                bgapi_address_to_hex(args['uuid']).replace(':', ''), 16))
+        else:
+            uuid = UUID(bytes=bytes(raw_uuid))
+
+        # TODO is there a way to get the characteristic from the packet instead
+        # of having to track the "current" characteristic?
+        if (uuid_type == UUIDType.descriptor and
+                self._current_characteristic is not None):
+            self._current_characteristic.add_descriptor(uuid, args['chrhandle'])
+        elif (uuid_type == UUIDType.custom or
+                uuid_type == UUIDType.nonstandard or
+                uuid_type == UUIDType.characteristic):
+            if uuid_type == UUIDType.custom:
+                log.info("Found custom characteristic %s" % uuid)
+            elif uuid_type == UUIDType.characteristic:
+                log.info("Found approved characteristic %s" % uuid)
+            elif uuid_type == UUIDType.nonstandard:
+                log.info("Found nonstandard 4-byte characteristic %s" % uuid)
+            new_char = Characteristic(uuid, args['chrhandle'])
+            self._current_characteristic = new_char
+            self._characteristics[
+                args['connection_handle']][uuid] = new_char
+
+    def _ble_evt_connection_disconnected(self, args):
+        """
+        Handles the event for the termination of a connection.
+        """
+        self._connections.pop(args['connection_handle'], None)
+
+    def _ble_evt_connection_status(self, args):
+        """
+        Handles the event for reporting connection status.
+
+        args -- dictionary containing the connection status flags ('flags'),
+            device address ('address'), device address type ('address_type'),
+            connection interval ('conn_interval'), connection timeout
+            (timeout'), device latency ('latency'), device bond handle
+            ('bonding')
+        """
+        connection_handle = args['connection_handle']
+        if not self._connection_status_flag(
+                args['flags'],
+                constants.connection_status_flag['connected']):
+            # Disconnected
+            self._connections.pop(connection_handle, None)
+
+        log.info("Connection status: handle=0x%x, flags=%s, address=0x%s, "
+                 "connection interval=%fms, timeout=%d, "
+                 "latency=%d intervals, bonding=0x%x",
+                 connection_handle,
+                 args['flags'],
+                 hexlify(bytearray(args['address'])),
+                 args['conn_interval'] * 1.25,
+                 args['timeout'] * 10,
+                 args['latency'],
+                 args['bonding'])
+
+    def _ble_evt_gap_scan_response(self, args):
+        """
+        Handles the event for reporting the contents of an advertising or scan
+        response packet.
+        This event will occur during device discovery but not direct connection.
+
+        args -- dictionary containing the RSSI value ('rssi'), packet type
+                ('packet_type'), address of packet sender ('sender'), address
+                type ('address_type'), existing bond handle ('bond'), and
+                scan resonse data list ('data')
+        """
+        # Parse packet
+        packet_type = constants.scan_response_packet_type[args['packet_type']]
+        address = bgapi_address_to_hex(args['sender'])
+        name, data_dict = self._scan_rsp_data(args['data'])
+
+        # Store device information
+        if address not in self._devices_discovered:
+            self._devices_discovered[address] = AdvertisingAndScanInfo()
+        dev = self._devices_discovered[address]
+        if dev.name == "":
+            dev.name = name
+        if dev.address == "":
+            dev.address = address
+        if (packet_type not in dev.packet_data or
+                len(dev.packet_data[packet_type]) < len(data_dict)):
+            dev.packet_data[packet_type] = data_dict
+        dev.rssi = args['rssi']
+        log.debug("Received a scan response from %s with rssi=%d dBM "
+                  "and data=%s", address, args['rssi'], data_dict)
+
+        if self._scan_cb is not None:
+            if self._scan_cb(self._devices_discovered, address, packet_type):
+                self._evt.clear()
+
+    def _ble_evt_sm_bond_status(self, args):
+        """
+        Handles the event for reporting a stored bond.
+
+        Adds the stored bond to the list of bond handles.
+
+        args -- dictionary containing the bond handle ('bond'), encryption key
+                size used in the long-term key ('keysize'), was man in the
+                middle used ('mitm'), keys stored for bonding ('keys')
+        """
+        # Add to list of stored bonds found or set flag
+        self._stored_bonds.append(args['bond'])
+
+    def _ble_rsp_sm_delete_bonding(self, args):
+        """
+        Handles the response for the deletion of a stored bond.
+
+        args -- dictionary containing the return code ('result')
+        """
+        result = args['result']
+        if result == 0:
+            self._stored_bonds.pop()
+        return result
+
+    def _ble_rsp_sm_get_bonds(self, args):
+        """
+        Handles the response for the start of stored bond enumeration. Sets
+        self._num_bonds to the number of stored bonds.
+
+        args -- dictionary containing the number of stored bonds ('bonds'),
+        """
+        self._num_bonds = args['bonds']
+        log.debug("num bonds = %d", args['bonds'])
+
+    def _ble_rsp_system_address_get(self, args):
+        """
+        Handles the response for the system mac address. Stores the
+        result as a member.
+
+        args -- dictionary containing the mac address ('address'),
+        """
+        self.address = args['address']
+        log.debug("Adapter address = {0}".format(args['address']))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/bglib.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/bglib.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfcd020
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/bglib.py
@@ -0,0 +1,884 @@
+"""
+MODIFIED Bluegiga BGAPI/BGLib implementation
+============================================
+Bluegiga BGLib Python interface library
+2013-05-04 by Jeff Rowberg <jeff@rowberg.net>
+Updates should (hopefully) always be available at
+https://github.com/jrowberg/bglib
+Thanks to Masaaki Shibata for Python event handler code
+http://www.emptypage.jp/notes/pyevent.en.html
+============================================
+BGLib Python interface library code is placed under the MIT license
+Copyright (c) 2013 Jeff Rowberg
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
+===============================================
+"""
+
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import logging
+from struct import unpack
+from enum import Enum
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class UnknownMessageType(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+ResponsePacketType = Enum('ResponsePacketType', [
+    'system_reset',
+    'system_hello',
+    'system_address_get',
+    'system_reg_write',
+    'system_reg_read',
+    'system_get_counters',
+    'system_get_connections',
+    'system_read_memory',
+    'system_get_info',
+    'system_endpoint_tx',
+    'system_whitelist_append',
+    'system_whitelist_remove',
+    'system_whitelist_clear',
+    'system_endpoint_rx',
+    'system_endpoint_set_watermarks',
+    'flash_ps_defrag',
+    'flash_ps_dump',
+    'flash_ps_erase_all',
+    'flash_ps_save',
+    'flash_ps_load',
+    'flash_ps_erase',
+    'flash_erase_page',
+    'flash_write_words',
+    'attributes_write',
+    'attributes_read',
+    'attributes_read_type',
+    'attributes_user_read_response',
+    'attributes_user_write_response',
+    'connection_disconnect',
+    'connection_get_rssi',
+    'connection_update',
+    'connection_version_update',
+    'connection_channel_map_get',
+    'connection_channel_map_set',
+    'connection_features_get',
+    'connection_get_status',
+    'connection_raw_tx',
+    'attclient_find_by_type_value',
+    'attclient_read_by_group_type',
+    'attclient_read_by_type',
+    'attclient_find_information',
+    'attclient_read_by_handle',
+    'attclient_attribute_write',
+    'attclient_write_command',
+    'attclient_indicate_confirm',
+    'attclient_read_long',
+    'attclient_prepare_write',
+    'attclient_execute_write',
+    'attclient_read_multiple',
+    'sm_encrypt_start',
+    'sm_set_bondable_mode',
+    'sm_delete_bonding',
+    'sm_set_parameters',
+    'sm_passkey_entry',
+    'sm_get_bonds',
+    'sm_set_oob_data',
+    'gap_set_privacy_flags',
+    'gap_set_mode',
+    'gap_discover',
+    'gap_connect_direct',
+    'gap_end_procedure',
+    'gap_connect_selective',
+    'gap_set_filtering',
+    'gap_set_scan_parameters',
+    'gap_set_adv_parameters',
+    'gap_set_adv_data',
+    'gap_set_directed_connectable_mode',
+    'hardware_io_port_config_irq',
+    'hardware_set_soft_timer',
+    'hardware_adc_read',
+    'hardware_io_port_config_direction',
+    'hardware_io_port_config_function',
+    'hardware_io_port_config_pull',
+    'hardware_io_port_write',
+    'hardware_io_port_read',
+    'hardware_spi_config',
+    'hardware_spi_transfer',
+    'hardware_i2c_read',
+    'hardware_i2c_write',
+    'hardware_set_txpower',
+    'hardware_timer_comparator',
+    'test_phy_tx',
+    'test_phy_rx',
+    'test_phy_end',
+    'test_phy_reset',
+    'test_get_channel_map',
+    'test_debug',
+])
+
+
+EventPacketType = Enum('EventPacketType', [
+    'system_boot',
+    'system_debug',
+    'system_endpoint_watermark_rx',
+    'system_endpoint_watermark_tx',
+    'system_script_failure',
+    'system_no_license_key',
+    'flash_ps_key',
+    'attributes_value',
+    'attributes_user_read_request',
+    'attributes_status',
+    'connection_status',
+    'connection_version_ind',
+    'connection_feature_ind',
+    'connection_raw_rx',
+    'connection_disconnected',
+    'attclient_indicated',
+    'attclient_procedure_completed',
+    'attclient_group_found',
+    'attclient_attribute_found',
+    'attclient_find_information_found',
+    'attclient_attribute_value',
+    'attclient_read_multiple_response',
+    'sm_smp_data',
+    'sm_bonding_fail',
+    'sm_passkey_display',
+    'sm_passkey_request',
+    'sm_bond_status',
+    'gap_scan_response',
+    'gap_mode_changed',
+    'hardware_io_port_status',
+    'hardware_soft_timer',
+    'hardware_adc_result',
+])
+
+# Map a tuple of (class, command) to an enum identifier for the packet
+RESPONSE_PACKET_MAPPING = {
+    (0, 0): ResponsePacketType.system_reset,
+    (0, 1): ResponsePacketType.system_hello,
+    (0, 2): ResponsePacketType.system_address_get,
+    (0, 3): ResponsePacketType.system_reg_write,
+    (0, 4): ResponsePacketType.system_reg_read,
+    (0, 5): ResponsePacketType.system_get_counters,
+    (0, 6): ResponsePacketType.system_get_connections,
+    (0, 7): ResponsePacketType.system_read_memory,
+    (0, 8): ResponsePacketType.system_get_info,
+    (0, 9): ResponsePacketType.system_endpoint_tx,
+    (0, 10): ResponsePacketType.system_whitelist_append,
+    (0, 11): ResponsePacketType.system_whitelist_remove,
+    (0, 12): ResponsePacketType.system_whitelist_clear,
+    (0, 13): ResponsePacketType.system_endpoint_rx,
+    (0, 14): ResponsePacketType.system_endpoint_set_watermarks,
+
+    (1, 0): ResponsePacketType.flash_ps_defrag,
+    (1, 1): ResponsePacketType.flash_ps_dump,
+    (1, 2): ResponsePacketType.flash_ps_erase_all,
+    (1, 3): ResponsePacketType.flash_ps_save,
+    (1, 4): ResponsePacketType.flash_ps_load,
+    (1, 5): ResponsePacketType.flash_ps_erase,
+    (1, 6): ResponsePacketType.flash_erase_page,
+    (1, 7): ResponsePacketType.flash_write_words,
+
+    (2, 0): ResponsePacketType.attributes_write,
+    (2, 1): ResponsePacketType.attributes_read,
+    (2, 2): ResponsePacketType.attributes_read_type,
+    (2, 3): ResponsePacketType.attributes_user_read_response,
+    (2, 4): ResponsePacketType.attributes_user_write_response,
+
+    (3, 0): ResponsePacketType.connection_disconnect,
+    (3, 1): ResponsePacketType.connection_get_rssi,
+    (3, 2): ResponsePacketType.connection_update,
+    (3, 3): ResponsePacketType.connection_version_update,
+    (3, 4): ResponsePacketType.connection_channel_map_get,
+    (3, 5): ResponsePacketType.connection_channel_map_set,
+    (3, 6): ResponsePacketType.connection_features_get,
+    (3, 7): ResponsePacketType.connection_get_status,
+    (3, 8): ResponsePacketType.connection_raw_tx,
+
+    (4, 0): ResponsePacketType.attclient_find_by_type_value,
+    (4, 1): ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_by_group_type,
+    (4, 2): ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_by_type,
+    (4, 3): ResponsePacketType.attclient_find_information,
+    (4, 4): ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_by_handle,
+    (4, 5): ResponsePacketType.attclient_attribute_write,
+    (4, 6): ResponsePacketType.attclient_write_command,
+    (4, 7): ResponsePacketType.attclient_indicate_confirm,
+    (4, 8): ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_long,
+    (4, 9): ResponsePacketType.attclient_prepare_write,
+    (4, 10): ResponsePacketType.attclient_execute_write,
+
+    (5, 0): ResponsePacketType.sm_encrypt_start,
+    (5, 1): ResponsePacketType.sm_set_bondable_mode,
+    (5, 2): ResponsePacketType.sm_delete_bonding,
+    (5, 3): ResponsePacketType.sm_set_parameters,
+    (5, 4): ResponsePacketType.sm_passkey_entry,
+    (5, 5): ResponsePacketType.sm_get_bonds,
+    (5, 6): ResponsePacketType.sm_set_oob_data,
+
+    (6, 0): ResponsePacketType.gap_set_privacy_flags,
+    (6, 1): ResponsePacketType.gap_set_mode,
+    (6, 2): ResponsePacketType.gap_discover,
+    (6, 3): ResponsePacketType.gap_connect_direct,
+    (6, 4): ResponsePacketType.gap_end_procedure,
+    (6, 5): ResponsePacketType.gap_connect_selective,
+    (6, 6): ResponsePacketType.gap_set_filtering,
+    (6, 7): ResponsePacketType.gap_set_scan_parameters,
+    (6, 8): ResponsePacketType.gap_set_adv_parameters,
+    (6, 9): ResponsePacketType.gap_set_adv_data,
+    (6, 10): ResponsePacketType.gap_set_directed_connectable_mode,
+
+    (7, 0): ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_config_irq,
+    (7, 1): ResponsePacketType.hardware_set_soft_timer,
+    (7, 2): ResponsePacketType.hardware_adc_read,
+    (7, 3): ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_config_direction,
+    (7, 4): ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_config_function,
+    (7, 5): ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_config_pull,
+    (7, 6): ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_write,
+    (7, 7): ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_read,
+    (7, 8): ResponsePacketType.hardware_spi_config,
+    (7, 9): ResponsePacketType.hardware_spi_transfer,
+    (7, 10): ResponsePacketType.hardware_i2c_read,
+    (7, 11): ResponsePacketType.hardware_i2c_write,
+    (7, 12): ResponsePacketType.hardware_set_txpower,
+    (7, 13): ResponsePacketType.hardware_timer_comparator,
+
+    (8, 0): ResponsePacketType.test_phy_tx,
+    (8, 1): ResponsePacketType.test_phy_rx,
+    (8, 2): ResponsePacketType.test_phy_reset,
+    (8, 3): ResponsePacketType.test_get_channel_map,
+    (8, 4): ResponsePacketType.test_debug,
+}
+
+# TODO instead of this, have a different enum for each message type + class, and
+# then just index into it
+
+EVENT_PACKET_MAPPING = {
+    (0, 0): EventPacketType.system_boot,
+    (0, 1): EventPacketType.system_debug,
+    (0, 2): EventPacketType.system_endpoint_watermark_rx,
+    (0, 3): EventPacketType.system_endpoint_watermark_tx,
+    (0, 4): EventPacketType.system_script_failure,
+    (0, 5): EventPacketType.system_no_license_key,
+
+    (1, 0): EventPacketType.flash_ps_key,
+
+    (2, 0): EventPacketType.attributes_value,
+    (2, 1): EventPacketType.attributes_user_read_request,
+    (2, 2): EventPacketType.attributes_status,
+
+    (3, 0): EventPacketType.connection_status,
+    (3, 1): EventPacketType.connection_version_ind,
+    (3, 2): EventPacketType.connection_feature_ind,
+    (3, 3): EventPacketType.connection_raw_rx,
+    (3, 4): EventPacketType.connection_disconnected,
+
+    (4, 0): EventPacketType.attclient_indicated,
+    (4, 1): EventPacketType.attclient_procedure_completed,
+    (4, 2): EventPacketType.attclient_group_found,
+    (4, 3): EventPacketType.attclient_attribute_found,
+    (4, 4): EventPacketType.attclient_find_information_found,
+    (4, 5): EventPacketType.attclient_attribute_value,
+    (4, 6): EventPacketType.attclient_read_multiple_response,
+
+    (5, 0): EventPacketType.sm_smp_data,
+    (5, 1): EventPacketType.sm_bonding_fail,
+    (5, 2): EventPacketType.sm_passkey_display,
+    (5, 3): EventPacketType.sm_passkey_request,
+    (5, 4): EventPacketType.sm_bond_status,
+
+    (6, 0): EventPacketType.gap_scan_response,
+    (6, 1): EventPacketType.gap_mode_changed,
+
+    (7, 0): EventPacketType.hardware_io_port_status,
+    (7, 1): EventPacketType.hardware_soft_timer,
+    (7, 2): EventPacketType.hardware_adc_result,
+}
+
+
+class BGLib(object):
+    """
+    Modified version of jrowberg's BGLib implementation.
+    """
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.buffer = []
+        self.expected_length = 0
+        # Packet message types
+        self._ble_event = 0x80
+        self._ble_response = 0x00
+        self._wifi_event = 0x88
+        self._wifi_response = 0x08
+
+    def send_command(self, ser, packet):
+        """
+        Send a packet to the BLED12 over serial.
+
+        ser -- The serial.Serial object to write to.
+        packet -- The packet to write.
+        """
+        ser.write(packet)
+
+    def parse_byte(self, new_byte):
+        """
+        Re-build packets read in from bytes over serial one byte at a time.
+
+        new_byte -- the next bytes to add to the packet.
+
+        Returns a list of the bytes in the packet once a full packet is read.
+        Returns None otherwise.
+        """
+        if new_byte is None or len(new_byte) == 0:
+            return None
+
+        # Convert from str or bytes to an integer for comparison
+        new_byte = ord(new_byte)
+
+        if (len(self.buffer) == 0 and
+                new_byte in [self._ble_event, self._ble_response,
+                             self._wifi_event, self._wifi_response]):
+            self.buffer.append(new_byte)
+        elif len(self.buffer) == 1:
+            self.buffer.append(new_byte)
+            self.expected_length = (
+                4 + (self.buffer[0] & 0x07) + self.buffer[1])
+        elif len(self.buffer) > 1:
+            self.buffer.append(new_byte)
+
+        if (self.expected_length > 0 and
+                len(self.buffer) == self.expected_length):
+            packet = self.buffer
+            self.buffer = []
+            return packet
+
+        return None
+
+    def _decode_response_packet(self, packet_class, packet_command, payload,
+                                payload_length):
+        packet_type = RESPONSE_PACKET_MAPPING.get(
+            (packet_class, packet_command))
+        if packet_type is None:
+            raise UnknownMessageType(
+                "Packet class %d and command %d is not recognized" %
+                (packet_class, packet_command))
+
+        response = {}
+        if packet_type == ResponsePacketType.system_address_get:
+            address = unpack('<6B', payload[:6])
+            response = {
+                'address': address
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.system_reg_read:
+            address, value =\
+                unpack('<HB', payload[:3])
+            response = {
+                'address': address, 'value': value
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.system_get_counters:
+            txok, txretry, rxok, rxfail, mbuf =\
+                unpack('<BBBBB', payload[:5])
+            response = {
+                'txok': txok, 'txretry': txretry, 'rxok': rxok,
+                'rxfail': rxfail, 'mbuf': mbuf
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.system_get_connections:
+            maxconn = unpack('<B', payload[:1])[0]
+            response = {
+                'maxconn': maxconn
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.system_read_memory:
+            address, data_len = unpack('<IB', payload[:5])
+            data_data = bytearray(payload[5:])
+            response = {
+                'address': address, 'data': data_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.system_get_info:
+            data = unpack('<HHHHHBB', payload[:12])
+            response = {
+                'major': data[0], 'minor': data[1],
+                'patch': data[2], 'build': data[3],
+                'll_version': data[4], 'protocol_version': data[5],
+                'hw': data[6]
+            }
+        elif packet_type in [
+                ResponsePacketType.system_endpoint_tx,
+                ResponsePacketType.system_whitelist_append,
+                ResponsePacketType.system_whitelist_remove,
+                ResponsePacketType.system_endpoint_set_watermarks,
+                ResponsePacketType.flash_ps_save,
+                ResponsePacketType.flash_erase_page,
+                ResponsePacketType.attributes_write,
+                ResponsePacketType.system_reg_write,
+                ResponsePacketType.attclient_indicate_confirm,
+                ResponsePacketType.sm_delete_bonding,
+                ResponsePacketType.sm_passkey_entry,
+                ResponsePacketType.gap_set_mode,
+                ResponsePacketType.gap_discover,
+                ResponsePacketType.gap_end_procedure,
+                ResponsePacketType.gap_set_filtering,
+                ResponsePacketType.hardware_timer_comparator,
+                ResponsePacketType.test_phy_end,
+                ResponsePacketType.hardware_spi_config,
+                ResponsePacketType.gap_set_scan_parameters,
+                ResponsePacketType.gap_set_adv_parameters,
+                ResponsePacketType.gap_set_adv_data,
+                ResponsePacketType.gap_set_directed_connectable_mode,
+                ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_config_irq,
+                ResponsePacketType.hardware_set_soft_timer,
+                ResponsePacketType.hardware_adc_read,
+                ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_config_direction,
+                ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_config_function,
+                ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_config_pull,
+                ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_write]:
+            result = unpack('<H', payload[:2])[0]
+            response = {
+                'result': result
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.system_endpoint_rx:
+            result, data_len =\
+                unpack('<HB', payload[:3])
+            data_data = bytearray(payload[3:])
+            response = {
+                'result': result, 'data': data_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.flash_ps_load:
+            result, value_len = unpack('<HB',
+                                       payload[:3])
+            value_data = bytearray(payload[3:])
+            response = {
+                'result': result, 'value': value_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.attributes_read:
+            handle, offset, result, value_len = unpack(
+                '<HHHB', payload[:7]
+            )
+            value_data = bytearray(payload[7:])
+            response = {
+                'handle': handle, 'offset': offset,
+                'result': result, 'value': value_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.attributes_read_type:
+            handle, result, value_len = unpack(
+                '<HHB', payload[:5]
+            )
+            value_data = bytearray(payload[5:])
+            response = {
+                'handle': handle, 'result': result,
+                'value': value_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type in [
+            ResponsePacketType.connection_disconnect,
+            ResponsePacketType.connection_update,
+            ResponsePacketType.connection_version_update,
+            ResponsePacketType.connection_channel_map_set,
+            ResponsePacketType.connection_features_get,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_find_by_type_value,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_by_group_type,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_by_type,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_find_information,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_by_handle,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_attribute_write,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_write_command,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_long,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_prepare_write,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_execute_write,
+            ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_multiple,
+        ]:
+            connection, result = unpack(
+                '<BH', payload[:3]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'result': result
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.connection_get_rssi:
+            connection, rssi = unpack(
+                '<Bb', payload[:2]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'rssi': rssi
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.connection_channel_map_get:
+            connection, map_len = unpack(
+                '<BB', payload[:2]
+            )
+            map_data = bytearray(payload[2:])
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'map': map_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.connection_get_status:
+            connection = unpack('<B', payload[:1])[0]
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.connection_raw_tx:
+            connection = unpack('<B', payload[:1])[0]
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.sm_encrypt_start:
+            handle, result = unpack(
+                '<BH', payload[:3]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'handle': handle, 'result': result
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.sm_get_bonds:
+            bonds = unpack('<B', payload[:1])[0]
+            response = {
+                'bonds': bonds
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.gap_connect_direct:
+            result, connection_handle = unpack(
+                '<HB', payload[:3]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'result': result,
+                'connection_handle': connection_handle
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.gap_connect_selective:
+            result, connection_handle = unpack(
+                '<HB', payload[:3]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'result': result,
+                'connection_handle': connection_handle
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.hardware_io_port_read:
+            result, port, data = unpack(
+                '<HBB', payload[:4]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'result': result, 'port': port, 'data': data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.hardware_spi_transfer:
+            result, channel, data_len = unpack(
+                '<HBB', payload[:4]
+            )
+            data_data = bytearray(payload[4:])
+            response = {
+                'result': result, 'channel': channel,
+                'data': data_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.hardware_i2c_read:
+            result, data_len = unpack(
+                '<HB', payload[:3]
+            )
+            data_data = bytearray(payload[3:])
+            response = {
+                'result': result, 'data': data_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.hardware_i2c_write:
+            written = unpack('<B', payload[:1])[0]
+            response = {
+                'written': written
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.test_get_channel_map:
+            # channel_map_len = unpack(
+            #    '<B', payload[:1]
+            # )[0]
+            channel_map_data = bytearray(payload[1:])
+            response = {
+                'channel_map': channel_map_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == ResponsePacketType.test_debug:
+            # output_len = unpack('<B',
+            #                     payload[:1])[0]
+            output_data = bytearray(payload[1:])
+            response = {
+                'output': output_data
+            }
+
+        return packet_type, response
+
+    def _decode_event_packet(self, packet_class, packet_command, payload,
+                             payload_length):
+        packet_type = EVENT_PACKET_MAPPING.get((packet_class, packet_command))
+        if packet_type is None:
+            raise UnknownMessageType(
+                "Packet class %d and command %d is not recognized" %
+                (packet_class, packet_command))
+
+        response = {}
+        if packet_type == EventPacketType.system_boot:
+            data = unpack('<HHHHHBB', payload[:12])
+            response = {
+                'major': data[0], 'minor': data[1],
+                'patch': data[2], 'build': data[3],
+                'll_version': data[4], 'protocol_version': data[5],
+                'hw': data[6]
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.system_debug:
+            data_len = unpack('<B', payload[:1])[0]
+            data_data = bytearray(payload[1:])
+            response = {
+                'data': data_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type in [EventPacketType.system_endpoint_watermark_rx,
+                             EventPacketType.system_endpoint_watermark_tx
+                             ]:
+            endpoint, data = unpack(
+                '<BB', payload[:2]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'endpoint': endpoint, 'data': data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.system_script_failure:
+            address, reason = unpack(
+                '<HH', payload[:4]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'address': address, 'reason': reason
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.flash_ps_key:
+            key, value_len = unpack(
+                '<HB', payload[:3]
+            )
+            value_data = bytearray(payload[3:])
+            response = {
+                'key': key, 'value': value_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.attributes_value:
+            connection, reason, handle, offset, value_len = unpack(
+                '<BBHHB', payload[:7]
+            )
+            value_data = bytearray(payload[7:])
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'reason': reason,
+                'handle': handle, 'offset': offset,
+                'value': value_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.attributes_user_read_request:
+            connection, handle, offset, maxsize = unpack(
+                '<BHHB', payload[:6]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'handle': handle,
+                'offset': offset, 'maxsize': maxsize
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.attributes_status:
+            handle, flags = unpack('<HB', payload[:3])
+            response = {
+                'handle': handle, 'flags': flags
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.connection_status:
+            data = unpack('<BB6BBHHHB', payload[:16])
+            address = data[2:8]
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': data[0], 'flags': data[1],
+                'address': address, 'address_type': data[8],
+                'conn_interval': data[9], 'timeout': data[10],
+                'latency': data[11], 'bonding': data[12]
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.connection_version_ind:
+            connection, vers_nr, comp_id, sub_vers_nr = unpack(
+                '<BBHH', payload[:6]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'vers_nr': vers_nr,
+                'comp_id': comp_id, 'sub_vers_nr': sub_vers_nr
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.connection_feature_ind:
+            connection, features_len = unpack(
+                '<BB', payload[:2]
+            )
+            features_data = bytearray(payload[2:])
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'features': features_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.connection_raw_rx:
+            connection, data_len = unpack(
+                '<BB', payload[:2]
+            )
+            data_data = bytearray(payload[2:])
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'data': data_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.connection_disconnected:
+            connection, reason = unpack(
+                '<BH', payload[:3]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'reason': reason
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.attclient_indicated:
+            connection, attrhandle = unpack(
+                '<BH', payload[:3]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'attrhandle': attrhandle
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.attclient_procedure_completed:
+            connection, result, chrhandle = unpack(
+                '<BHH', payload[:5]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'result': result,
+                'chrhandle': chrhandle
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.attclient_group_found:
+            connection, start, end, uuid_len = unpack(
+                '<BHHB', payload[:6]
+            )
+            uuid_data = bytearray(payload[6:])
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'start': start,
+                'end': end, 'uuid': uuid_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.attclient_attribute_found:
+            data = unpack('<BHHBB', payload[:7])
+            uuid_data = bytearray(payload[7:])
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': data[0], 'chrdecl': data[1],
+                'value': data[2], 'properties': data[3],
+                'uuid': uuid_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.attclient_find_information_found:
+            connection, chrhandle, uuid_len = unpack(
+                '<BHB', payload[:4]
+            )
+            uuid_data = bytearray(payload[4:])
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'chrhandle': chrhandle,
+                'uuid': uuid_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.attclient_attribute_value:
+            connection, atthandle, type, value_len = unpack(
+                '<BHBB', payload[:5]
+            )
+            value_data = bytearray(payload[5:])
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'atthandle': atthandle,
+                'type': type, 'value': value_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.attclient_read_multiple_response:
+            connection, handles_len = unpack(
+                '<BB', payload[:2]
+            )
+            handles_data = bytearray(payload[2:])
+            response = {
+                'connection_handle': connection, 'handles': handles_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.sm_smp_data:
+            handle, packet, data_len = unpack(
+                '<BBB', payload[:3]
+            )
+            data_data = bytearray(payload[3:])
+            response = {
+                'handle': handle, 'packet': packet,
+                'data': data_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.sm_bonding_fail:
+            handle, result = unpack(
+                '<BH', payload[:3]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'handle': handle, 'result': result
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.sm_passkey_display:
+            handle, passkey = unpack(
+                '<BI', payload[:5]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'handle': handle, 'passkey': passkey
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.sm_passkey_request:
+            handle = unpack('<B', payload[:1])[0]
+            response = {
+                'handle': handle
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.sm_bond_status:
+            bond, keysize, mitm, keys = unpack(
+                '<BBBB', payload[:4]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'bond': bond, 'keysize': keysize, 'mitm': mitm,
+                'keys': keys
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.gap_scan_response:
+            data = unpack('<bB6BBBB', payload[:11])
+            sender = bytearray(data[2:8])
+            data_data = bytearray(payload[11:])
+            response = {
+                'rssi': data[0], 'packet_type': data[1],
+                'sender': sender, 'address_type': data[9],
+                'bond': data[10], 'data': data_data
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.gap_mode_changed:
+            discover, connect = unpack(
+                '<BB', payload[:2]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'discover': discover, 'connect': connect
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.hardware_io_port_status:
+            timestamp, port, irq, state = unpack(
+                '<IBBB', payload[:7]
+            )
+            response = {
+                'timestamp': timestamp, 'port': port, 'irq': irq,
+                'state': state
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.hardware_io_soft_timer:
+            handle = unpack('<B', payload[:1])[0]
+            response = {
+                'handle': handle
+            }
+        elif packet_type == EventPacketType.hardware_adc_result:
+            input, value = unpack('<Bh', payload[:3])
+            response = {
+                'input': input, 'value': value
+            }
+
+        return packet_type, response
+
+    def decode_packet(self, packet):
+        """
+        Decode the packet and call the appropriate handler for the packet type.
+
+        packet -- a list of bytes in the packet to decode.
+
+        Raises an UnknownMessageType if the message could not be decoded.
+
+        Returns a tuple of (PacketType, dict response data)
+
+          BGAPI packet structure (as of 2012-11-07):
+            Byte 0:
+                  [7] - 1 bit, Message Type (MT)     Command/Response, 1 = Event
+                [6:3] - 4 bits, Technology Type (TT)    0000 = BLE, 0001 = Wi-Fi
+                [2:0] - 3 bits, Length High (LH)      Payload length (high bits)
+            Byte 1:     8 bits, Length Low (LL)        Payload length (low bits)
+            Byte 2:     8 bits, Class ID (CID)          Command class ID
+            Byte 3:     8 bits, Command ID (CMD)         Command ID
+            Bytes 4-n:  0 - 2048 Bytes, Payload (PL) Up to 2048 bytes of payload
+        """
+        packet_id, payload_length, packet_class, packet_command = packet[:4]
+        # TODO we are not parsing out the high bits of the payload length from
+        # the first byte
+        payload = bytearray(packet[4:])
+        message_type = packet_id & 0x88
+        if message_type == 0:
+            return self._decode_response_packet(
+                packet_class, packet_command, payload, payload_length)
+        elif message_type == 0x80:
+            return self._decode_event_packet(
+                packet_class, packet_command, payload, payload_length)
+
+        raise UnknownMessageType(
+            "The message type '%d' is not recognized as the request or "
+            "response type, and cannot be decoded" % message_type)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/constants.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/constants.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae4cedd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/constants.py
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+ble_address_type = {
+    'gap_address_type_public': 0,
+    'gap_address_type_random': 1
+}
+gap_discoverable_mode = {
+    'non_discoverable': 0x00,
+    'limited_discoverable': 0x01,
+    'general_discoverable': 0x02,
+    'broadcast': 0x03,
+    'user_data': 0x04,
+    'enhanced_broadcasting': 0x80
+}
+gap_connectable_mode = {
+    'non_connectable': 0x00,
+    'directed_connectable': 0x01,
+    'undirected_connectable': 0x02,
+    'scannable_non_connectable': 0x03,
+}
+gap_discover_mode = {
+    'limited': 0x00,
+    'generic': 0x01,
+    'observation': 0x02,
+}
+bonding = {  # create bonding if devices not already bonded
+    'do_not_create_bonding': 0x00,
+    'create_bonding': 0x01,
+}
+bondable = {
+    'no': 0x00,
+    'yes': 0x01,
+}
+connection_status_flag = {
+    'connected': 0x01,
+    'encrypted': 0x02,
+    'completed': 0x04,
+    'parameters_change': 0x08,
+}
+scan_response_packet_type = {
+    0x00: 'connectable_advertisement_packet',
+    0x02: 'non-connectable_advertisement_packet',
+    0x04: 'scan_response_packet',
+    0x06: 'discoverable_advertisement_packet',
+}
+scan_response_data_type = {
+    0x01: 'flags',
+    0x02: 'incomplete_list_16-bit_service_class_uuids',
+    0x03: 'complete_list_16-bit_service_class_uuids',
+    0x04: 'incomplete_list_32-bit_service_class_uuids',
+    0x05: 'complete_list_32-bit_service_class_uuids',
+    0x06: 'incomplete_list_128-bit_service_class_uuids',
+    0x07: 'complete_list_128-bit_service_class_uuids',
+    0x08: 'shortened_local_name',
+    0x09: 'complete_local_name',
+    0x0A: 'tx_power_level',
+    0x0D: 'class_of_device',
+    0x0E: 'simple_pairing_hash_c/c-192',
+    0x0F: 'simple_pairing_randomizer_r/r-192',
+    0x10: 'device_id/security_manager_tk_value',
+    0x11: 'security_manager_out_of_band_flags',
+    0x12: 'slave_connection_interval_range',
+    0x14: 'list_of_16-bit_service_solicitation_uuids',
+    0x1F: 'list_of_32-bit_service_solicitation_uuids',
+    0x15: 'list_of_128-bit_service_solicitation_uuids',
+    0x16: 'service_data/service_data-16-bit_uuid',
+    0x20: 'service_data-32-bit_uuid',
+    0x21: 'service_data-128-bit_uuid',
+    0x22: 'LE_secure_connections_confirmation_value',
+    0x23: 'LE_secure_connections_random_value',
+    0x17: 'public_target_address',
+    0x18: 'random_target_address',
+    0x19: 'appearance',
+    0x1A: 'advertising_interval',
+    0x1B: 'LE_bluetooth_device_address',
+    0x1C: 'LE_role',
+    0x1D: 'simple_pairing_hash_c-256',
+    0x1E: 'simple_pairing_randomizer_r-256',
+    0x3D: '3D_information_data',
+    0xFF: 'manufacturer_specific_data',
+}
+
+# GATT
+gatt_service_uuid = {
+    'generic_access_profile': bytearray([0x18, 0x00]),
+    'generic_attribute_profile': bytearray([0x18, 0x01]),
+}
+gatt_attribute_type_uuid = {
+    'primary_service': bytearray([0x28, 0x00]),
+    'secondary_service': bytearray([0x28, 0x01]),
+    'include': bytearray([0x28, 0x02]),
+    'characteristic': bytearray([0x28, 0x03]),
+}
+gatt_characteristic_descriptor_uuid = {
+    'characteristic_extended_properties': bytearray([0x29, 0x00]),
+    'characteristic_user_description': bytearray([0x29, 0x01]),
+    'client_characteristic_configuration': bytearray([0x29, 0x02]),
+    'server_characteristic_configuration': bytearray([0x29, 0x03]),
+    'characteristic_format': bytearray([0x29, 0x04]),
+    'characteristic_aggregate_format': bytearray([0x29, 0x05]),
+}
+gatt_characteristic_type_uuid = {
+    'aerobic_heart_rate_lower_limit': bytearray([0x2A, 0x7E]),
+    'aerobic_heart_rate_upper_limit': bytearray([0x2A, 0x84]),
+    'aerobic_threshold': bytearray([0x2A, 0x7F]),
+    'age': bytearray([0x2A, 0x80]),
+    'aggregate': bytearray([0x2A, 0x5A]),
+    'alert_category_id': bytearray([0x2A, 0x43]),
+    'alert_category_id_bit_mask': bytearray([0x2A, 0x42]),
+    'alert_level': bytearray([0x2A, 0x06]),
+    'alert_notification_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x44]),
+    'alert_status': bytearray([0x2A, 0x3F]),
+    'altitude': bytearray([0x2A, 0xB3]),
+    'anaerobic_heart_rate_lower_limit': bytearray([0x2A, 0x81]),
+    'anaerobic_heart_rate_upper_limit': bytearray([0x2A, 0x82]),
+    'anaerobic_threshold': bytearray([0x2A, 0x83]),
+    'analog': bytearray([0x2A, 0x58]),
+    'apparent_wind_direction': bytearray([0x2A, 0x73]),
+    'apparent_wind_speed': bytearray([0x2A, 0x72]),
+    'appearance': bytearray([0x2A, 0x01]),
+    'barometric_pressure_trend': bytearray([0x2A, 0xA3]),
+    'battery_level': bytearray([0x2A, 0x19]),
+    'blood_pressure_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0x49]),
+    'blood_pressure_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x35]),
+    'body_composition_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0x9B]),
+    'body_composition_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x9C]),
+    'body_sensor_location': bytearray([0x2A, 0x38]),
+    'bond_management_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0xA4]),
+    'bond_management_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0xA5]),
+    'boot_keyboard_input_report': bytearray([0x2A, 0x22]),
+    'boot_keyboard_output_report': bytearray([0x2A, 0x32]),
+    'boot_mouse_input_report': bytearray([0x2A, 0x33]),
+    'central_address_resolution_support': bytearray([0x2A, 0xA6]),
+    'cgm_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0xA8]),
+    'cgm_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0xA7]),
+    'cgm_session_run_time': bytearray([0x2A, 0xAB]),
+    'cgm_session_start_time': bytearray([0x2A, 0xAA]),
+    'cgm_specific_ops_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0xAC]),
+    'cgm_status': bytearray([0x2A, 0xA9]),
+    'csc_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0x5C]),
+    'csc_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x5B]),
+    'current_time': bytearray([0x2A, 0x2B]),
+    'cycling_power_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x66]),
+    'cycling_power_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0x65]),
+    'cycling_power_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x63]),
+    'cycling_power_vector': bytearray([0x2A, 0x64]),
+    'database_change_increment': bytearray([0x2A, 0x99]),
+    'date_of_birth': bytearray([0x2A, 0x85]),
+    'date_of_threshold_assessment': bytearray([0x2A, 0x86]),
+    'date_time': bytearray([0x2A, 0x08]),
+    'day_date_time': bytearray([0x2A, 0x0A]),
+    'day_of_week': bytearray([0x2A, 0x09]),
+    'descriptor_value_changed': bytearray([0x2A, 0x7D]),
+    'device_name': bytearray([0x2A, 0x00]),
+    'dew_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x7B]),
+    'digital': bytearray([0x2A, 0x56]),
+    'dst_offset': bytearray([0x2A, 0x0D]),
+    'elevation': bytearray([0x2A, 0x6C]),
+    'email_address': bytearray([0x2A, 0x87]),
+    'exact_time_256': bytearray([0x2A, 0x0C]),
+    'fat_burn_heart_rate_lower_limit': bytearray([0x2A, 0x88]),
+    'fat_burn_heart_rate_upper_limit': bytearray([0x2A, 0x89]),
+    'firmware_revision_string': bytearray([0x2A, 0x26]),
+    'first_name': bytearray([0x2A, 0x8A]),
+    'five_zone_heart_rate_limits': bytearray([0x2A, 0x8B]),
+    'floor_number': bytearray([0x2A, 0xB2]),
+    'gender': bytearray([0x2A, 0x8C]),
+    'glucose_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0x51]),
+    'glucose_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x18]),
+    'glucose_measurement_context': bytearray([0x2A, 0x34]),
+    'gust_factor': bytearray([0x2A, 0x74]),
+    'hardware_revision_string': bytearray([0x2A, 0x27]),
+    'heart_rate_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x39]),
+    'heart_rate_max': bytearray([0x2A, 0x8D]),
+    'heart_rate_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x37]),
+    'heat_index': bytearray([0x2A, 0x7A]),
+    'height': bytearray([0x2A, 0x8E]),
+    'hid_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x4C]),
+    'hid_information': bytearray([0x2A, 0x4A]),
+    'hip_circumference': bytearray([0x2A, 0x8F]),
+    'http_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0xBA]),
+    'http_entity_body': bytearray([0x2A, 0xB9]),
+    'http_headers': bytearray([0x2A, 0xB7]),
+    'http_status_code': bytearray([0x2A, 0xB8]),
+    'https_security': bytearray([0x2A, 0xBB]),
+    'humidity': bytearray([0x2A, 0x6F]),
+    'ieee_11073-20601_regulatory_certification_data_list': bytearray([0x2A, 0x2A]),  # noqa
+    'indoor_positioning_configuration': bytearray([0x2A, 0xAD]),
+    'intermediate_cuff_pressure': bytearray([0x2A, 0x36]),
+    'intermediate_temperature': bytearray([0x2A, 0x1E]),
+    'irradiance': bytearray([0x2A, 0x77]),
+    'language': bytearray([0x2A, 0xA2]),
+    'last_name': bytearray([0x2A, 0x90]),
+    'latitude': bytearray([0x2A, 0xAE]),
+    'ln_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x6B]),
+    'ln_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0x6A]),
+    'local_east_coordinate': bytearray([0x2A, 0xB1]),
+    'local_north_coordinate': bytearray([0x2A, 0xB0]),
+    'local_time_information': bytearray([0x2A, 0x0F]),
+    'location_and_speed': bytearray([0x2A, 0x67]),
+    'location_name': bytearray([0x2A, 0xB5]),
+    'longitude': bytearray([0x2A, 0xAF]),
+    'magnetic_declination': bytearray([0x2A, 0x2C]),
+    'magnetic_flux_density_2D': bytearray([0x2A, 0xA0]),
+    'magnetic_flux_density_3D': bytearray([0x2A, 0xA1]),
+    'manufacturer_name_string': bytearray([0x2A, 0x29]),
+    'maximum_recommended_heart_rate': bytearray([0x2A, 0x91]),
+    'measurement_interval': bytearray([0x2A, 0x21]),
+    'model_number_string': bytearray([0x2A, 0x24]),
+    'navigation': bytearray([0x2A, 0x68]),
+    'new_alert': bytearray([0x2A, 0x46]),
+    'object_action_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0xC5]),
+    'object_changed': bytearray([0x2A, 0xC8]),
+    'object_first_created': bytearray([0x2A, 0xC1]),
+    'object_id': bytearray([0x2A, 0xC3]),
+    'object_last_modified': bytearray([0x2A, 0xC2]),
+    'object_list_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0xC6]),
+    'object_list_filter': bytearray([0x2A, 0xC7]),
+    'object_name': bytearray([0x2A, 0xBE]),
+    'object_properties': bytearray([0x2A, 0xC4]),
+    'object_size': bytearray([0x2A, 0xC0]),
+    'object_type': bytearray([0x2A, 0xBF]),
+    'ots_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0xBD]),
+    'peripheral_preferred_connection_parameters': bytearray([0x2A, 0x04]),
+    'peripheral_privacy_flag': bytearray([0x2A, 0x02]),
+    'plx_continuous_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x5F]),
+    'plx_features': bytearray([0x2A, 0x60]),
+    'plx_spot_check_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x5E]),
+    'pnp_id': bytearray([0x2A, 0x50]),
+    'pollen_concentration': bytearray([0x2A, 0x75]),
+    'position_quality': bytearray([0x2A, 0x69]),
+    'pressure': bytearray([0x2A, 0x6D]),
+    'protocol_mode': bytearray([0x2A, 0x4E]),
+    'rainfall': bytearray([0x2A, 0x78]),
+    'reconnection_address': bytearray([0x2A, 0x03]),
+    'record_access_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x52]),
+    'reference_time_information': bytearray([0x2A, 0x14]),
+    'report': bytearray([0x2A, 0x4D]),
+    'report_map': bytearray([0x2A, 0x4B]),
+    'resting_heart_rate': bytearray([0x2A, 0x92]),
+    'ringer_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x40]),
+    'ringer_setting': bytearray([0x2A, 0x41]),
+    'rsc_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0x54]),
+    'rsc_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x53]),
+    'sc_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x55]),
+    'scan_interval_window': bytearray([0x2A, 0x4F]),
+    'scan_refresh': bytearray([0x2A, 0x31]),
+    'sensor_location': bytearray([0x2A, 0x5D]),
+    'serial_number_string': bytearray([0x2A, 0x25]),
+    'service_changed': bytearray([0x2A, 0x05]),
+    'software_revision_string': bytearray([0x2A, 0x28]),
+    'sport_type_for_aerobic_and_anaerobic_thresholds': bytearray([0x2A, 0x93]),
+    'supported_new_alert_category': bytearray([0x2A, 0x47]),
+    'supported_unread_alert_category': bytearray([0x2A, 0x48]),
+    'system_id': bytearray([0x2A, 0x23]),
+    'tds_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0xBC]),
+    'temperature': bytearray([0x2A, 0x6E]),
+    'temperature_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x1C]),
+    'temperature_type': bytearray([0x2A, 0x1D]),
+    'three_zone_heart_rate_limits': bytearray([0x2A, 0x94]),
+    'time_accuracy': bytearray([0x2A, 0x12]),
+    'time_source': bytearray([0x2A, 0x13]),
+    'time_update_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x16]),
+    'time_update_state': bytearray([0x2A, 0x17]),
+    'time_with_dst': bytearray([0x2A, 0x11]),
+    'time_zone': bytearray([0x2A, 0x0E]),
+    'true_wind_direction': bytearray([0x2A, 0x71]),
+    'true_wind_speed': bytearray([0x2A, 0x70]),
+    'two_zone_heart_rate_limit': bytearray([0x2A, 0x95]),
+    'tx_power_level': bytearray([0x2A, 0x07]),
+    'uncertainty': bytearray([0x2A, 0xB4]),
+    'unread_alert_status': bytearray([0x2A, 0x45]),
+    'uri': bytearray([0x2A, 0xB6]),
+    'user_control_point': bytearray([0x2A, 0x9F]),
+    'user_index': bytearray([0x2A, 0x9A]),
+    'uv_index': bytearray([0x2A, 0x76]),
+    'vo2_max': bytearray([0x2A, 0x96]),
+    'waist_circumference': bytearray([0x2A, 0x97]),
+    'weight': bytearray([0x2A, 0x98]),
+    'weight_measurement': bytearray([0x2A, 0x9D]),
+    'weight_scale_feature': bytearray([0x2A, 0x9E]),
+    'wind_chill': bytearray([0x2A, 0x79]),
+}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/device.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/device.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8bf2045
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/device.py
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+import logging
+import time
+
+from pygatt import BLEDevice, exceptions
+from . import constants
+from .bgapi import BGAPIError
+from .error_codes import ErrorCode
+from .packets import BGAPICommandPacketBuilder as CommandBuilder
+from .bglib import EventPacketType, ResponsePacketType
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def connection_required(func):
+    """Raise an exception if the device is not connected before calling the
+    actual function.
+    """
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if self._handle is None:
+            raise exceptions.NotConnectedError()
+        return func(self, *args, **kwargs)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class BGAPIBLEDevice(BLEDevice):
+    def __init__(self, address, handle, backend):
+        super(BGAPIBLEDevice, self).__init__(address)
+        self._handle = handle
+        self._backend = backend
+
+    @connection_required
+    def bond(self, permanent=False):
+        """
+        Create a bond and encrypted connection with the device.
+        """
+
+        # Set to bondable mode so bonds are store permanently
+        if permanent:
+            self._backend.set_bondable(True)
+        log.debug("Bonding to %s", self._address)
+        self._backend.send_command(
+            CommandBuilder.sm_encrypt_start(
+                self._handle, constants.bonding['create_bonding']))
+        self._backend.expect(ResponsePacketType.sm_encrypt_start)
+
+        packet_type, response = self._backend.expect_any(
+            [EventPacketType.connection_status,
+             EventPacketType.sm_bonding_fail])
+        if packet_type == EventPacketType.sm_bonding_fail:
+            raise BGAPIError("Bonding failed")
+        log.info("Bonded to %s", self._address)
+
+    @connection_required
+    def get_rssi(self):
+        """
+        Get the receiver signal strength indicator (RSSI) value from the device.
+
+        Returns the RSSI as in integer in dBm.
+        """
+        # The BGAPI has some strange behavior where it will return 25 for
+        # the RSSI value sometimes... Try a maximum of 3 times.
+        for i in range(0, 3):
+            self._backend.send_command(
+                CommandBuilder.connection_get_rssi(self._handle))
+            _, response = self._backend.expect(
+                ResponsePacketType.connection_get_rssi)
+            rssi = response['rssi']
+            if rssi != 25:
+                return rssi
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+        raise BGAPIError("get rssi failed")
+
+    @connection_required
+    def char_read(self, uuid, timeout=None):
+        return self.char_read_handle(self.get_handle(uuid), timeout=timeout)
+
+    @connection_required
+    def char_read_handle(self, handle, timeout=None):
+        log.info("Reading characteristic at handle %d", handle)
+        self._backend.send_command(
+            CommandBuilder.attclient_read_by_handle(
+                self._handle, handle))
+
+        self._backend.expect(ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_by_handle)
+        success = False
+        while not success:
+            matched_packet_type, response = self._backend.expect_any(
+                [EventPacketType.attclient_attribute_value,
+                 EventPacketType.attclient_procedure_completed],
+                timeout=timeout)
+            # TODO why not just expect *only* the attribute value response,
+            # then it would time out and raise an exception if allwe got was
+            # the 'procedure completed' response?
+            if matched_packet_type != EventPacketType.attclient_attribute_value:
+                raise BGAPIError("Unable to read characteristic")
+            if response['atthandle'] == handle:
+                # Otherwise we received a response from a wrong handle (e.g.
+                # from a notification) so we keep trying to wait for the
+                # correct one
+                success = True
+        return bytearray(response['value'])
+
+    @connection_required
+    def char_read_long(self, uuid, timeout=None):
+        return self.char_read_long_handle(self.get_handle(uuid),
+                                          timeout=timeout)
+
+    @connection_required
+    def char_read_long_handle(self, handle, timeout=None):
+        log.info("Reading long characteristic at handle %d", handle)
+        self._backend.send_command(
+            CommandBuilder.attclient_read_long(
+                self._handle, handle))
+
+        self._backend.expect(ResponsePacketType.attclient_read_long)
+        success = False
+        response = b""
+        while not success:
+            matched_packet_type, chunk = self._backend.expect_any(
+                [EventPacketType.attclient_attribute_value,
+                 EventPacketType.attclient_procedure_completed],
+                timeout=timeout)
+
+            if (matched_packet_type ==
+                    EventPacketType.attclient_attribute_value):
+                if chunk['atthandle'] == handle:
+                    # Concatenate the data
+                    response += chunk["value"]
+            elif (matched_packet_type ==
+                    EventPacketType.attclient_procedure_completed):
+                if chunk['chrhandle'] == handle:
+                    success = True
+        return bytearray(response)
+
+    @connection_required
+    def char_write_handle(self, char_handle, value, wait_for_response=True):
+        while True:
+            value_list = [b for b in value]
+            # An "attribute write" is always acknowledged by the remote host.
+            if wait_for_response:
+                self._backend.send_command(
+                    CommandBuilder.attclient_attribute_write(
+                        self._handle, char_handle, value_list))
+                self._backend.expect(
+                    ResponsePacketType.attclient_attribute_write)
+                packet_type, response = self._backend.expect(
+                    EventPacketType.attclient_procedure_completed,
+                    # According to the BLE spec, the device has 30 seconds to
+                    # repsonse to the attribute write.
+                    timeout=30)
+
+            # A "command" write is unacknowledged - don't wait for a response.
+            else:
+                self._backend.send_command(
+                    CommandBuilder.attclient_write_command(
+                        self._handle, char_handle, value_list))
+                packet_type, response = self._backend.expect(
+                    ResponsePacketType.attclient_write_command)
+
+            if (response['result'] !=
+                    ErrorCode.insufficient_authentication.value):
+                # Continue to retry until we are bonded
+                break
+
+    # ASC - adapted from
+    # https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mjbrown/bgapi/master/bgapi/module.py
+    # - reliable_write_by_handle
+    @connection_required
+    def char_write_long_handle(self,
+                               char_handle,
+                               value,
+                               wait_for_response=False):
+
+        maxv = 18
+
+        for i in range(int(((len(value)-1) / maxv)+1)):
+
+            chunk = value[maxv*i:min(maxv*(i+1), len(value))]
+            value_list = [b for b in chunk]
+            self._backend.send_command(
+                CommandBuilder.attclient_prepare_write(
+                    self._handle, char_handle, maxv*i, value_list))
+
+            packet_type, response = self._backend.expect(
+                ResponsePacketType.attclient_prepare_write)
+
+            packet_type, response = self._backend.expect(
+                EventPacketType.attclient_procedure_completed)
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+        self._backend.send_command(
+            CommandBuilder.attclient_execute_write(
+                self._handle, 1))  # 1 = commit, 0 = cancel
+        self._backend.expect(ResponsePacketType.attclient_execute_write)
+        packet_type, response = self._backend.expect(
+            EventPacketType.attclient_procedure_completed)
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+
+    @connection_required
+    def disconnect(self):
+        log.debug("Disconnecting from %s", self._address)
+        self._backend.send_command(
+            CommandBuilder.connection_disconnect(self._handle))
+
+        self._backend.expect(ResponsePacketType.connection_disconnect)
+        log.info("Disconnected from %s", self._address)
+        self._handle = None
+
+    @connection_required
+    def discover_characteristics(self):
+        self._characteristics = self._backend.discover_characteristics(
+            self._handle)
+        return self._characteristics
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/error_codes.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/error_codes.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c1c003
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/error_codes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+from enum import Enum
+
+
+class ErrorCode(Enum):
+    insufficient_authentication = 0x0405
+
+
+return_codes = {
+    0: "Success",
+    # BGAPI errors
+    0x0180: "Invalid parameter",
+    0x0181: "Device in wrong state",
+    0x0182: "Out of memory",
+    0x0183: "Feature not implemented",
+    0x0184: "Command not recognized",
+    0x0185: "Timeout",
+    0x0186: "Not connected",
+    0x0187: "Overflow/underflow",
+    0x0188: "User attribute",
+    0x0189: "Invalid license key",
+    0x018A: "Command too long",
+    0x018B: "Out of bounds",
+    # Bluetooth errors
+    0x0205: "Authentication failure",
+    0x0206: "Pin or key missing",
+    0x0207: "Memory capacity exceeded",
+    0x0208: "Connection timeout",
+    0x0209: "Connection limit exceeded",
+    0x020C: "Command disallowed",
+    0x0212: "Invalid command parameters",
+    0x0213: "Remote user terminated connection",
+    0x0216: "Connection terminated by local host",
+    0x0222: "Link layer response timeout",
+    0x0228: "Link layer instance passed",
+    0x023A: "Controller busy",
+    0x023B: "Unacceptable connection interval",
+    0x023C: "Directed advertising timeout",
+    0x023D: "MIC failure",
+    0x023E: "Connection failed to be established",
+    # Security manager protocol errors
+    0x0301: "Passkey entry failed",
+    0x0302: "OOB data is not available",
+    0x0303: "Authentication requirements",
+    0x0304: "Confirm value failed",
+    0x0305: "Pairing not supported",
+    0x0306: "Encryption key size",
+    0x0307: "Command not supported",
+    0x0308: "Unspecified reason",
+    0x0309: "Repeated attempts",
+    0x030A: "Invalid parameters",
+    # Attribute protocol errors
+    0x0401: "Invalid handle",
+    0x0402: "Read not permitted",
+    0x0403: "Write not permitted",
+    0x0404: "Invalid PDU",
+    ErrorCode.insufficient_authentication.value: "Insufficient authentication",
+    0x0406: "Request not supported",
+    0x0407: "Invalid offset",
+    0x0408: "Insufficient authorization",
+    0x0409: "Prepare queue full",
+    0x040A: "Attribute not found",
+    0x040B: "Attribute not long",
+    0x040C: "Insufficient encryption key size",
+    0x040D: "Invalid attribute value length",
+    0x040E: "Unlikely error",
+    0x040F: "Insufficient encryption",
+    0x0410: "Unsupported group type",
+    0x0411: "Insufficient resources",
+    0x0480: "Application error codes",
+}
+
+
+def get_return_message(return_code):
+    try:
+        return return_codes[return_code]
+    except KeyError:
+        return "Unknown return code %04x" % return_code
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/exceptions.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..558e8a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from pygatt.exceptions import BLEError
+
+
+class BGAPIError(BLEError):
+    pass
+
+
+class ExpectedResponseTimeout(BGAPIError):
+    def __init__(self, expected_packets, timeout):
+        super(ExpectedResponseTimeout, self).__init__(
+            "Timed out after %fs waiting for %s" % (
+                timeout or 0, expected_packets))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/packets.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/packets.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64a0bc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/packets.py
@@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
+from struct import pack
+
+
+class BGAPICommandPacketBuilder(object):
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_reset(boot_in_dfu):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 0, 0, boot_in_dfu)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_hello():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 0, 1)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_address_get():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 0, 2)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_reg_write(address, value):
+        return pack('<4BHB', 0, 3, 0, 3, address, value)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_reg_read(address):
+        return pack('<4BH', 0, 2, 0, 4, address)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_get_counters():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 0, 5)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_get_connections():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 0, 6)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_read_memory(address, length):
+        return pack('<4BIB', 0, 5, 0, 7, address, length)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_get_info():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 0, 8)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_endpoint_tx(endpoint, data):
+        return pack('<4BBB%dB' % len(data), 0, 2 + len(data), 0, 9,
+                    endpoint, len(data), *data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_whitelist_append(address, address_type):
+        return pack('<4B6BB', 0, 7, 0, 10,
+                    address[0],
+                    address[1],
+                    address[2],
+                    address[3],
+                    address[4],
+                    address[5],
+                    address_type)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_whitelist_remove(address, address_type):
+        return pack('<4B6BB', 0, 7, 0, 11,
+                    address[0],
+                    address[1],
+                    address[2],
+                    address[3],
+                    address[4],
+                    address[5],
+                    address_type)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_whitelist_clear():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 0, 12)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_endpoint_rx(endpoint, size):
+        return pack('<4BBB', 0, 2, 0, 13, endpoint, size)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def system_endpoint_set_watermarks(endpoint, rx, tx):
+        return pack('<4BBBB', 0, 3, 0, 14, endpoint, rx, tx)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def flash_ps_defrag():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 1, 0)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def flash_ps_dump():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 1, 1)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def flash_ps_erase_all():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 1, 2)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def flash_ps_save(key, value):
+        return pack('<4BHB%dB' % len(value), 0, 3 + len(value), 1, 3,
+                    key, len(value), *value)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def flash_ps_load(key):
+        return pack('<4BH', 0, 2, 1, 4, key)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def flash_ps_erase(key):
+        return pack('<4BH', 0, 2, 1, 5, key)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def flash_erase_page(page):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 1, 6, page)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def flash_write_words(address, words):
+        return pack('<4BHB%dB' % len(words), 0, 3 + len(words), 1, 7,
+                    address, len(words), *words)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attributes_write(handle, offset, value):
+        return pack('<4BHBB%dB' % len(value), 0, 4 + len(value), 2, 0,
+                    handle, offset, len(value), *value)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attributes_read(handle, offset):
+        return pack('<4BHH', 0, 4, 2, 1, handle, offset)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attributes_read_type(handle):
+        return pack('<4BH', 0, 2, 2, 2, handle)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attributes_user_read_response(connection, att_error, value):
+        return pack('<4BBBB%dB' % len(value), 0, 3 + len(value), 2, 3,
+                    connection, att_error, len(value), *value)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attributes_user_write_response(connection, att_error):
+        return pack('<4BBB', 0, 2, 2, 4, connection, att_error)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def connection_disconnect(connection):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 3, 0, connection)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def connection_get_rssi(connection):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 3, 1, connection)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def connection_update(connection, interval_min, interval_max,
+                          latency, timeout):
+        return pack('<4BBHHHH', 0, 9, 3, 2, connection, interval_min,
+                    interval_max, latency, timeout)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def connection_version_update(connection):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 3, 3, connection)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def connection_channel_map_get(connection):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 3, 4, connection)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def connection_channel_map_set(connection, channel_map):
+        return pack('<4BBB%dB' % len(channel_map), 0, 2 +
+                    len(channel_map), 3, 5,
+                    connection, len(channel_map), *channel_map)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def connection_features_get(connection):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 3, 6, connection)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def connection_get_status(connection):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 3, 7, connection)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def connection_raw_tx(connection, data):
+        return pack('<4BBB%dB' % len(data), 0, 2 + len(data), 3, 8,
+                    connection, len(data), *data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_find_by_type_value(connection, start, end, uuid, value):
+        return pack('<4BBHHHB%dB' % len(value), 0, 8 + len(value), 4, 0,
+                    connection, start, end, uuid, len(value), *value)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_read_by_group_type(connection, start, end, uuid):
+        return pack('<4BBHHB%dB' % len(uuid), 0, 6 + len(uuid), 4, 1,
+                    connection, start, end, len(uuid), *uuid)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_read_by_type(connection, start, end, uuid=[0x03, 0x28]):
+        # Using the default UUID type to find custom UUIDs, which seems to make
+        # querying for characteristics faster.
+        return pack('<4BBHHB%dB' % len(uuid), 0, 6 + len(uuid), 4, 2,
+                    connection, start, end, len(uuid), *uuid)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_find_information(connection, start, end):
+        return pack('<4BBHH', 0, 5, 4, 3, connection, start, end)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_read_by_handle(connection, chrhandle):
+        return pack('<4BBH', 0, 3, 4, 4, connection, chrhandle)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_attribute_write(connection, atthandle, data):
+        return pack('<4BBHB%dB' % len(data), 0, 4 + len(data), 4, 5,
+                    connection, atthandle, len(data), *data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_write_command(connection, atthandle, data):
+        return pack('<4BBHB%dB' % len(data), 0, 4 + len(data), 4, 6,
+                    connection, atthandle, len(data), *data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_indicate_confirm(connection):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 4, 7, connection)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_read_long(connection, chrhandle):
+        return pack('<4BBH', 0, 3, 4, 8, connection, chrhandle)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_prepare_write(connection, atthandle, offset, data):
+        return pack('<4BBHHB%dB' % len(data), 0, 6 + len(data), 4, 9,
+                    connection, atthandle, offset, len(data),
+                    *data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_execute_write(connection, commit):
+        return pack('<4BBB', 0, 2, 4, 10, connection, commit)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def attclient_read_multiple(connection, handles):
+        return pack('<4BBB%dB' % len(handles), 0,
+                    2 + len(handles), 4,
+                    11, connection, len(handles),
+                    *handles)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def sm_encrypt_start(handle, bonding):
+        return pack('<4BBB', 0, 2, 5, 0, handle, bonding)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def sm_set_bondable_mode(bondable):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 5, 1, bondable)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def sm_delete_bonding(handle):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 5, 2, handle)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def sm_set_parameters(mitm, min_key_size, io_capabilities):
+        return pack('<4BBBB', 0, 3, 5, 3, mitm, min_key_size, io_capabilities)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def sm_passkey_entry(handle, passkey):
+        return pack('<4BBI', 0, 5, 5, 4, handle, passkey)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def sm_get_bonds():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 5, 5)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def sm_set_oob_data(oob):
+        return pack('<4BB%dB' % len(oob), 0, 1 + len(oob), 5, 6,
+                    len(oob), *oob)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_set_privacy_flags(peripheral_privacy, central_privacy):
+        return pack('<4BBB', 0, 2, 6, 0, peripheral_privacy, central_privacy)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_set_mode(discover, connect):
+        return pack('<4BBB', 0, 2, 6, 1, discover, connect)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_discover(mode):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 6, 2, mode)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_connect_direct(address, addr_type, conn_interval_min,
+                           conn_interval_max, timeout, latency):
+        return pack('<4B6BBHHHH', 0, 15, 6, 3,
+                    address[-1],
+                    address[-2],
+                    address[-3],
+                    address[-4],
+                    address[-5],
+                    address[-6],
+                    addr_type,
+                    conn_interval_min, conn_interval_max, timeout, latency)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_end_procedure():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 6, 4)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_connect_selective(conn_interval_min, conn_interval_max,
+                              timeout, latency):
+        return pack('<4BHHHH', 0, 8, 6, 5, conn_interval_min, conn_interval_max,
+                    timeout, latency)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_set_filtering(scan_policy, adv_policy, scan_duplicate_filtering):
+        return pack('<4BBBB', 0, 3, 6, 6, scan_policy, adv_policy,
+                    scan_duplicate_filtering)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_set_scan_parameters(scan_interval, scan_window, active):
+        return pack('<4BHHB', 0, 5, 6, 7, scan_interval, scan_window, active)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_set_adv_parameters(adv_interval_min, adv_interval_max,
+                               adv_channels):
+        return pack('<4BHHB', 0, 5, 6, 8, adv_interval_min, adv_interval_max,
+                    adv_channels)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_set_adv_data(set_scanrsp, adv_data):
+        return pack('<4BBB%dB' % len(adv_data), 0, 2 + len(adv_data), 6,
+                    9, set_scanrsp, len(adv_data), *adv_data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def gap_set_directed_connectable_mode(address, addr_type):
+        return pack('<4B6BB', 0, 7, 6, 10,
+                    address[0],
+                    address[1],
+                    address[2],
+                    address[3],
+                    address[4],
+                    address[5],
+                    addr_type)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_io_port_config_irq(port, enable_bits, falling_edge):
+        return pack('<4BBBB', 0, 3, 7, 0, port, enable_bits, falling_edge)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_set_soft_timer(time, handle, single_shot):
+        return pack('<4BIBB', 0, 6, 7, 1, time, handle, single_shot)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_adc_read(input, decimation, reference_selection):
+        return pack('<4BBBB', 0, 3, 7, 2, input, decimation,
+                    reference_selection)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_io_port_config_direction(port, direction):
+        return pack('<4BBB', 0, 2, 7, 3, port, direction)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_io_port_config_function(port, function):
+        return pack('<4BBB', 0, 2, 7, 4, port, function)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_io_port_config_pull(port, tristate_mask, pull_up):
+        return pack('<4BBBB', 0, 3, 7, 5, port, tristate_mask, pull_up)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_io_port_write(port, mask, data):
+        return pack('<4BBBB', 0, 3, 7, 6, port, mask, data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_io_port_read(port, mask):
+        return pack('<4BBB', 0, 2, 7, 7, port, mask)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_spi_config(channel, polarity, phase, bit_order,
+                            baud_e, baud_m):
+        return pack('<4BBBBBBB', 0, 6, 7, 8, channel, polarity, phase,
+                    bit_order, baud_e, baud_m)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_spi_transfer(channel, data):
+        return pack('<4BBB%dB' % len(data), 0, 2 + len(data), 7, 9,
+                    channel, len(data), *data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_i2c_read(address, stop, length):
+        return pack('<4BBBB', 0, 3, 7, 10, address, stop, length)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_i2c_write(address, stop, data):
+        return pack('<4BBBB%dB' % len(data), 0, 3 + len(data), 7, 11,
+                    address, stop, len(data), *data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_set_txpower(power):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 7, 12, power)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def hardware_timer_comparator(timer, channel, mode, comparator_value):
+        return pack('<4BBBBH', 0, 5, 7, 13, timer, channel, mode,
+                    comparator_value)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_phy_tx(channel, length, type):
+        return pack('<4BBBB', 0, 3, 8, 0, channel, length, type)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_phy_rx(channel):
+        return pack('<4BB', 0, 1, 8, 1, channel)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_phy_end():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 8, 2)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_phy_reset():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 8, 3)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_get_channel_map():
+        return pack('<4B', 0, 0, 8, 4)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def test_debug(data):
+        return pack('<4BB%dB' % len(data), 0, 1 + len(data), 8, 5,
+                    len(data), *data)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/util.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d47e61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/bgapi/util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import re
+import logging
+import serial.tools.list_ports
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class USBSerialDeviceInfo(object):
+    """
+    Contains the information about a usb device in an easy to use way.
+    """
+    device_name = None  # Name of the usb device
+    port_name = None    # Name of serial port to which the device is connected
+    vendor_id = None    # USB vendor id
+    product_id = None   # USB product id
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        if self.vendor_id is None:
+            vendor_id = str(self.vendor_id)
+        else:
+            vendor_id = '0x{:04x}'.format(self.vendor_id)
+        if self.product_id is None:
+            product_id = str(self.product_id)
+        else:
+            product_id = '0x{:04x}'.format(self.product_id)
+        return (self.device_name + ' VID=' + vendor_id + ' PID=' + product_id +
+                ' on ' + self.port_name)
+
+
+def extract_vid_pid(info_string):
+    """
+    Try different methods of extracting vendor and product IDs from a string.
+
+    The output from serial.tools.list_ports.comports() varies so
+    widely from machine to machine and OS to OS, the only option we
+    have right now is to add to a list of patterns that we have seen so
+    far and compare the output.
+
+    info_string -- the string possibly containing vendor and product IDs.
+
+    Returns a tuple of (vendor ID, product ID) if a device is found.
+    If an ID isn't found, returns None.
+    """
+
+    DEVICE_STRING_PATTERNS = [
+        # '...VID:PID=XXXX:XXXX...'
+        re.compile('.*VID:PID=([0-9A-Fa-f]{0,4}):([0-9A-Fa-f]{0,4}).*'),
+
+        # '...VID_XXXX...PID_XXXX...'
+        re.compile('.*VID_([0-9A-Fa-f]{0,4}).*PID_([0-9A-Fa-f]{0,4}).*')
+    ]
+
+    for p in DEVICE_STRING_PATTERNS:
+        match = p.match(info_string)
+        if match:
+            return int(match.group(1), 16), int(match.group(2), 16)
+    return None
+
+
+def find_usb_serial_devices(vendor_id=None, product_id=None):
+    """
+    Discovers USB serial device(s) connected to the machine matching the input
+    arguments. If no arguments are given or both are None, returns all devices
+    found.
+
+    vendor_id -- the USB vendor id to match.
+    product_id -- the USB product id to match.
+
+    Returns a list of USBDeviceInfo objects matching the criteria given.
+    """
+    devices = []
+    raw_devices = list(serial.tools.list_ports.comports())
+    log.debug("Found %d serial USB devices", len(raw_devices))
+    for device in raw_devices:
+        log.debug("Checking serial USB device: %s", device)
+        dev = USBSerialDeviceInfo()
+        dev.port_name = device[0]
+        dev.device_name = device[1]
+        found_device = extract_vid_pid(device[2])
+        if found_device is not None:
+            dev.vendor_id, dev.product_id = found_device
+            if vendor_id is None and product_id is None:
+                devices.append(dev)
+            elif dev.vendor_id == vendor_id and product_id is None:
+                devices.append(dev)
+            elif dev.product_id == product_id and vendor_id is None:
+                devices.append(dev)
+            elif dev.product_id == product_id and dev.vendor_id == vendor_id:
+                devices.append(dev)
+            log.debug("USB device: %s", dev)
+    return devices
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/gatttool/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/gatttool/__init__.py
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/gatttool/device.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/gatttool/device.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20aa22c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/gatttool/device.py
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import functools
+import logging
+
+from pygatt import BLEDevice, exceptions
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def connection_required(func):
+    """Raise an exception before calling the actual function if the device is
+    not connection.
+    """
+    @functools.wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if not self._connected:
+            raise exceptions.NotConnectedError()
+        return func(self, *args, **kwargs)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class GATTToolBLEDevice(BLEDevice):
+    """A BLE device connection initiated by the GATTToolBackend.
+
+    Since the GATTToolBackend can only support 1 device connection at at time,
+    the device implementation defers to the backend for all functionality -
+    every command has to synchronize around a the same interactive gatttool
+    session, using the same connection.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, address, backend):
+        super(GATTToolBLEDevice, self).__init__(address)
+        self._backend = backend
+        self._connected = True
+
+    @connection_required
+    def bond(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._backend.bond(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    @connection_required
+    def char_read(self, uuid, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self._backend.char_read(self, uuid, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    @connection_required
+    def char_read_handle(self, handle, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self._backend.char_read_handle(self, handle, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    @connection_required
+    def char_write_handle(self, handle, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._backend.char_write_handle(self, handle, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    @connection_required
+    def disconnect(self):
+        self._backend.disconnect(self)
+        self._connected = False
+
+    @connection_required
+    def discover_characteristics(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._characteristics = self._backend.discover_characteristics(
+            self, *args, **kwargs)
+        return self._characteristics
+
+    @connection_required
+    def exchange_mtu(self, mtu, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self._backend.exchange_mtu(self, mtu)
+
+    def register_disconnect_callback(self, callback):
+        self._backend._receiver.register_callback("disconnected", callback)
+
+    def remove_disconnect_callback(self, callback):
+        self._backend._receiver.remove_callback("disconnected", callback)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/gatttool/gatttool.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/gatttool/gatttool.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e01a7ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/backends/gatttool/gatttool.py
@@ -0,0 +1,633 @@
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import functools
+import itertools
+import re
+import logging
+import platform
+import signal
+import sys
+import time
+import threading
+import subprocess
+from uuid import UUID
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
+from pygatt.exceptions import NotConnectedError, BLEError, NotificationTimeout
+from pygatt.backends import BLEBackend, Characteristic, BLEAddressType
+from pygatt.backends.backend import DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_S
+from .device import GATTToolBLEDevice
+
+DEFAULT_RECONNECT_DELAY = 1.0
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def _hex_value_parser(x):
+    return bytearray.fromhex(x)
+
+
+def is_windows():
+    return platform.system() == 'Windows'
+
+try:
+    import pexpect
+except Exception as err:
+    if not is_windows():
+        print("WARNING:", err, file=sys.stderr)
+
+
+def at_most_one_device(func):
+    """Every connection-specific function on the backend takes an instance of
+    GATTToolBLEDevice as the first argument - this decorator will raise an
+    exception if that device is not what the backend thinks is the currently
+    connected device.
+    """
+    @functools.wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(self, connected_device, *args, **kwargs):
+        if connected_device != self._connected_device:
+            raise NotConnectedError()
+        return func(self, *args, **kwargs)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class GATTToolReceiver(threading.Thread):
+    """
+    Observe pygatttool stdout in separate thread and dispatch events /
+    callbacks.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, connection, parent_aliveness):
+        super(GATTToolReceiver, self).__init__()
+        self.daemon = True
+        self._connection = connection
+        self._parent_aliveness = parent_aliveness
+        self._event_vector = {
+            'notification': {
+                'patterns': [r'Notification handle = .*? \r'],
+            },
+            'indication': {
+                'patterns': [r'Indication   handle = .*? \r'],
+            },
+            'disconnected': {
+                'patterns': [
+                    r'.*Disconnected',
+                    r'.*Invalid file descriptor',
+                ]
+            },
+            'char_written': {
+                'patterns': [
+                    r'Characteristic value (was )?written successfully',
+                    r'Characteristic Write Request failed: A timeout occured',
+                ]
+            },
+            'value': {
+                'patterns': [r'value: .*? \r']
+            },
+            'value/descriptor': {
+                'patterns': [r'value/descriptor: .*? \r']
+            },
+            'discover': {
+                'patterns': [
+                    r'handle: 0x([a-fA-F0-9]{4}), '
+                    'char properties: 0x[a-fA-F0-9]{2}, '
+                    'char value handle: 0x([a-fA-F0-9]{4}), '
+                    'uuid: ([0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]'
+                    '{4}-[0-9a-f]{12})\r\n',  # noqa
+                ]
+            },
+            'connect': {
+                'patterns': [r'Connection successful.*\[LE\]>']
+            },
+            'mtu': {
+                'patterns': [
+                    r'MTU was exchanged successfully: (\d+)'
+                ]
+            }
+        }
+
+        for event in self._event_vector.values():
+            event["event"] = threading.Event()
+            event["before"] = None
+            event["after"] = None
+            event["match"] = None
+            event["callback"] = []
+
+    def run(self):
+        items = sorted(itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+            [[(pattern, event)
+              for pattern in event["patterns"]]
+             for event in self._event_vector.values()])
+        )
+        patterns = [item[0] for item in items]
+        events = [item[1] for item in items]
+
+        log.info('Running...')
+        while self._parent_aliveness.is_set():
+            try:
+                event_index = self._connection.expect(patterns, timeout=.5)
+            except pexpect.TIMEOUT:
+                continue
+            except (NotConnectedError, pexpect.EOF):
+                self._event_vector["disconnected"]["event"].set()
+                break
+            event = events[event_index]
+            event["before"] = self._connection.before
+            event["after"] = self._connection.after
+            event["match"] = self._connection.match
+            event["event"].set()
+            for clb in event["callback"]:
+                clb(event)
+        log.info("Listener thread finished")
+
+    def clear(self, event):
+        """
+        Clear event
+        """
+        self._event_vector[event]["event"].clear()
+
+    def is_set(self, event):
+        return self._event_vector[event]["event"].is_set()
+
+    def wait(self, event, timeout=None):
+        """
+        Wait for event to be trigerred
+        """
+        if not self._event_vector[event]["event"].wait(timeout):
+            raise NotificationTimeout()
+
+    def register_callback(self, event, callback):
+        """
+        Call the callback function when event happens. Event wrapper
+        is passed as argument.
+        """
+        self._event_vector[event]["callback"].append(callback)
+
+    def remove_callback(self, event, callback):
+        """
+        Remove a registered callback, so it is no longer called when an
+        event happens.
+        """
+        if callback in self._event_vector[event]["callback"]:
+            self._event_vector[event]["callback"].remove(callback)
+
+    def last_value(self, event, value_type):
+        """
+        Retrieve last value that saved by the event
+        """
+        return self._event_vector[event][value_type]
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def event(self, event, timeout=None):
+        """
+        Clear an event, execute context and then wait for event
+
+        >>> with gtr.event("connect", 10):
+        >>>     gtb.send(connect_command)
+
+        """
+        self.clear(event)
+        yield
+        self.wait(event, timeout)
+
+
+class GATTToolBackend(BLEBackend):
+    """
+    Backend to pygatt that uses BlueZ's interactive gatttool CLI prompt.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, hci_device='hci0', gatttool_logfile=None,
+                 cli_options=None, search_window_size=None, max_read=None):
+        """
+        Initialize.
+
+        hci_device -- the hci_device to use with GATTTool.
+        gatttool_logfile -- an optional filename to store raw gatttool
+                input and output.
+        search_window_size -- integer (optional); size in bytes of the
+                search window that is used by `pexpect.expect`. This value
+                should not exceed max_read
+        max_read -- integer; number of bytes to read into gatt buffer at
+                a time. Defaults to ~2000
+        """
+
+        if is_windows():
+            raise BLEError("The GATTToolBackend requires BlueZ, "
+                           "which is not available in Windows")
+
+        self._hci_device = hci_device
+        self._cli_options = cli_options
+        self._connected_device = None
+        self._gatttool_logfile = gatttool_logfile
+        self._receiver = None
+        self._con = None  # gatttool interactive session
+        self._characteristics = {}
+        self._running = threading.Event()
+        self._address = None
+        self._send_lock = threading.Lock()
+        self._auto_reconnect = False
+        self._reconnecting = False
+        self._search_window_size = search_window_size
+        self._scan = None
+        self._max_read = max_read
+
+    def sendline(self, command):
+        """
+        send a raw command to gatttool
+        """
+        with self._send_lock:
+            self._con.sendline(command)
+
+    def supports_unbonded(self):
+        return False
+
+    def start(self, reset_on_start=True, initialization_timeout=3):
+        """
+        Run gatttool to prepare for sending commands and monitoring the CLI tool
+        output.
+
+        :param bool reset_on_start: Perhaps due to a bug in gatttol or pygatt,
+            but if the bluez backend isn't restarted, it can sometimes lock up
+            the computer when trying to make a connection to HCI device.
+        :param int initialization_timeout: Seconds to wait for the gatttool
+            prompt. This should appear almost instantly, but on some HCI devices
+            it may take longer to start up.
+        """
+        if self._con and self._running.is_set():
+            self.stop()
+
+        self._running.set()
+
+        if reset_on_start:
+            # Without restarting, sometimes when trying to bond with the
+            # GATTTool backend, the entire computer will lock up.
+            self.reset()
+
+        # Start gatttool interactive session for device
+        args = [
+            'gatttool',
+            self._cli_options,
+            '-i',
+            self._hci_device,
+            '-I'
+        ]
+        gatttool_cmd = ' '.join([arg for arg in args if arg])
+        log.debug('gatttool_cmd=%s', gatttool_cmd)
+        if self._max_read:
+            self._con = pexpect.spawn(
+                gatttool_cmd, logfile=self._gatttool_logfile,
+                searchwindowsize=self._search_window_size,
+                maxread=self._max_read
+            )
+        else:
+            self._con = pexpect.spawn(
+                gatttool_cmd, logfile=self._gatttool_logfile,
+                searchwindowsize=self._search_window_size,
+            )
+
+        # Wait for the interactive prompt
+        self._con.expect(r'\[LE\]>', timeout=initialization_timeout)
+
+        # Start the notification receiving thread
+        self._receiver = GATTToolReceiver(self._con, self._running)
+        self._receiver.daemon = True
+        self._receiver.register_callback("disconnected", self._disconnect)
+        for event in ["notification", "indication"]:
+            self._receiver.register_callback(
+                event,
+                self._handle_notification_string
+            )
+        self._receiver.start()
+
+    def stop(self):
+        """
+        Disconnects any connected device, stops the background receiving thread
+        and closes the spawned gatttool process.
+        disconnect.
+        """
+        self.disconnect(self._connected_device)
+        if self._running.is_set():
+            log.info('Stopping')
+        self._running.clear()
+
+        if self._con and self._con.isalive():
+            while True:
+                if not self._con.isalive():
+                    break
+                self.sendline('exit')
+                time.sleep(0.1)
+            self._con.close()
+            self._con = None
+
+    def scan(self, timeout=10, run_as_root=False):
+        """
+        By default, scanning with gatttool requires root privileges.
+        If you don't want to require root, you must add a few
+        'capabilities' to your system. If you have libcap installed, run this to
+        enable normal users to perform LE scanning:
+            setcap 'cap_net_raw,cap_net_admin+eip' `which hcitool`
+
+        If you do use root, the hcitool subprocess becomes more difficult to
+        terminate cleanly, and may leave your Bluetooth adapter in a bad state.
+        """
+
+        cmd = 'hcitool -i %s lescan' % self._hci_device
+        if run_as_root:
+            cmd = 'sudo %s' % cmd
+
+        log.info("Starting BLE scan")
+        self._scan = scan = pexpect.spawn(cmd)
+        # "lescan" doesn't exit, so we're forcing a timeout here:
+        try:
+            scan.expect('foooooo', timeout=timeout)
+        except pexpect.EOF:
+            before_eof = scan.before.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
+            if "No such device" in before_eof:
+                message = "No BLE adapter found"
+            elif "Set scan parameters failed: Input/output error" in before_eof:
+                message = ("BLE adapter requires reset after a scan as root"
+                           "- call adapter.reset()")
+            else:
+                message = "Unexpected error when scanning: %s" % before_eof
+            log.error(message)
+            raise BLEError(message)
+        except pexpect.TIMEOUT:
+            devices = {}
+            for line in scan.before.decode('utf-8', 'replace').split('\r\n'):
+                if 'sudo' in line:
+                    raise BLEError("Enable passwordless sudo for 'hcitool' "
+                                   "before scanning")
+                match = re.match(
+                    r'(([0-9A-Fa-f][0-9A-Fa-f]:?){6}) (\(?.+\)?)', line)
+
+                if match is not None:
+                    address = match.group(1)
+                    name = match.group(3)
+                    if name == "(unknown)":
+                        name = None
+
+                    if address in devices:
+                        if (devices[address]['name'] is None) and (name is not
+                                                                   None):
+                            log.info("Discovered name of %s as %s",
+                                     address, name)
+                            devices[address]['name'] = name
+                    else:
+                        log.info("Discovered %s (%s)", address, name)
+                        devices[address] = {
+                            'address': address,
+                            'name': name
+                        }
+            log.info("Found %d BLE devices", len(devices))
+            return [device for device in devices.values()]
+        finally:
+            self.kill()
+        return []
+
+    def kill(self):
+        if self._scan is None:
+            return
+        # Wait for lescan to exit cleanly, otherwise it leaves the BLE
+        # adapter in a bad state and the device must be reset through BlueZ.
+        # This will not work if run_as_root was used, since this process
+        # itself doesn't have permission to terminate a process running as
+        # root (hcitool itself). We recommend using the setcap tool to allow
+        # scanning as a non-root user:
+        #
+        #    $ sudo setcap 'cap_net_raw,cap_net_admin+eip' `which hcitool`
+        try:
+            self._scan.kill(signal.SIGINT)
+            self._scan.wait()
+        except OSError:
+            log.error("Unable to gracefully stop the scan - "
+                      "BLE adapter may need to be reset.")
+
+    def connect(self, address, timeout=DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_S,
+                address_type=BLEAddressType.public, auto_reconnect=False):
+        log.info('Connecting to %s with timeout=%s', address, timeout)
+        self.sendline('sec-level low')
+        self._address = address
+        self._auto_reconnect = auto_reconnect
+
+        try:
+            cmd = 'connect {0} {1}'.format(self._address, address_type.name)
+            with self._receiver.event("connect", timeout):
+                self.sendline(cmd)
+        except NotificationTimeout:
+            message = "Timed out connecting to {0} after {1} seconds.".format(
+                self._address, timeout
+            )
+            log.error(message)
+            raise NotConnectedError(message)
+
+        self._connected_device = GATTToolBLEDevice(address, self)
+        return self._connected_device
+
+    def clear_bond(self, address=None):
+        """Use the 'bluetoothctl' program to erase a stored BLE bond.
+        """
+        con = pexpect.spawn('bluetoothctl')
+
+        try:
+            con.expect("bluetooth", timeout=1)
+            log.info("Clearing bond for %s", address)
+            con.sendline("remove " + address.upper())
+            con.expect(
+                ["Device has been removed", "# "],
+                timeout=.5
+            )
+        except pexpect.TIMEOUT:
+            log.error("Unable to remove bonds for %s: %s",
+                      address, con.before)
+        finally:
+            con.close(True)
+        log.info("Removed bonds for %s", address)
+
+    def _disconnect(self, event):
+        if self._connected_device is not None and self._auto_reconnect:
+
+            # this is called as a callback from the pexpect thread
+            # the reconnection process has to be started in parallel, otherwise
+            # the call is never finished
+            log.info("Connection to %s lost. Reconnecting...", self._address)
+            reconnect_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.reconnect,
+                                                args=(self._connected_device, ))
+            reconnect_thread.start()
+        else:
+            try:
+                self.disconnect(self._connected_device)
+            except NotConnectedError:
+                pass
+
+    @at_most_one_device
+    def reconnect(self, timeout=DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_S):
+        while self._auto_reconnect:
+            log.info("Connecting to %s with timeout=%s", self._address,
+                     timeout)
+            try:
+                cmd = "connect"
+                with self._receiver.event("connect", timeout):
+                    self.sendline(cmd)
+                # reenable all notifications
+                self._connected_device.resubscribe_all()
+                log.info("Connection to %s reestablished.")
+                break  # finished reconnecting
+            except NotificationTimeout:
+                message = ("Timed out connecting to {0} after {1} seconds. "
+                           "Retrying in {2} seconds".format(
+                                self._address, timeout,
+                                DEFAULT_RECONNECT_DELAY))
+                log.info(message)
+                time.sleep(DEFAULT_RECONNECT_DELAY)
+
+    @at_most_one_device
+    def disconnect(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._auto_reconnect = False  # disables any running reconnection
+        if not self._receiver.is_set("disconnected"):
+            self.sendline('disconnect')
+        self._connected_device = None
+        # TODO maybe call a disconnected callback on the device instance, so the
+        # device knows if it was asynchronously disconnected?
+
+    @at_most_one_device
+    def bond(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        log.info('Bonding')
+        self.sendline('sec-level medium')
+
+    def _save_charecteristic_callback(self, event):
+        match = event["match"]
+        try:
+            value_handle = int(match.group(2), 16)
+            char_uuid = match.group(3).strip().decode('ascii')
+            self._characteristics[UUID(char_uuid)] = Characteristic(
+                char_uuid, value_handle
+            )
+            log.debug(
+                "Found characteristic %s, value handle: 0x%x",
+                char_uuid,
+                value_handle
+            )
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+    @at_most_one_device
+    def discover_characteristics(self, timeout=5):
+        self._characteristics = {}
+        self._receiver.register_callback(
+            "discover",
+            self._save_charecteristic_callback,
+        )
+        self.sendline('characteristics')
+
+        max_time = time.time() + timeout
+        while not self._characteristics and time.time() < max_time:
+            time.sleep(.5)
+
+        # Sleep one extra second in case we caught characteristic
+        # in the middle
+        time.sleep(1)
+
+        if not self._characteristics:
+            raise NotConnectedError("Characteristic discovery failed")
+
+        return self._characteristics
+
+    def _handle_notification_string(self, event):
+        msg = event["after"]
+        if not msg:
+            log.warn("Blank message received in notification, ignored")
+            return
+
+        match_obj = re.match(r'.* handle = (0x[0-9a-f]+) value:(.*)',
+                             msg.decode('utf-8'))
+        if match_obj is None:
+            log.warn("Unable to parse notification string, ignoring: %s", msg)
+            return
+
+        handle = int(match_obj.group(1), 16)
+        values = _hex_value_parser(match_obj.group(2).strip())
+        if self._connected_device is not None:
+            self._connected_device.receive_notification(handle, values)
+
+    @at_most_one_device
+    def char_write_handle(self, handle, value, wait_for_response=True,
+                          timeout=30):
+        """
+        Writes a value to a given characteristic handle.
+
+        :param handle:
+        :param value:
+        :param wait_for_response: If true, performs an attribute write. If
+            false, sends a command and expects no acknowledgement from the
+            device.
+        """
+        cmd = 'char-write-{0} 0x{1:02x} {2}'.format(
+            'req' if wait_for_response else 'cmd',
+            handle,
+            ''.join("{0:02x}".format(byte) for byte in value),
+        )
+
+        log.debug('Sending cmd=%s', cmd)
+        if wait_for_response:
+            try:
+                with self._receiver.event("char_written", timeout=timeout):
+                    self.sendline(cmd)
+            except NotificationTimeout:
+                log.error("No response received", exc_info=True)
+                raise
+        else:
+            self.sendline(cmd)
+
+        log.info('Sent cmd=%s', cmd)
+
+    @at_most_one_device
+    def char_read(self, uuid, timeout=1):
+        """
+        Reads a Characteristic by uuid.
+        :param uuid: UUID of Characteristic to read.
+        :type uuid: str
+        :return: bytearray of result.
+        :rtype: bytearray
+        """
+        with self._receiver.event("value", timeout=timeout):
+            self.sendline('char-read-uuid %s' % uuid)
+        rval = self._receiver.last_value("value", "after").split()[1:]
+        return bytearray([int(x, 16) for x in rval])
+
+    @at_most_one_device
+    def char_read_handle(self, handle, timeout=4):
+        """
+        Reads a Characteristic by handle.
+        :param handle: handle of Characteristic to read.
+        :type handle: str
+        :return: bytearray of result.
+        :rtype: bytearray
+        """
+        with self._receiver.event("value/descriptor", timeout=timeout):
+            self.sendline('char-read-hnd %s' % handle)
+        rval = self._receiver.last_value("value/descriptor", "after"
+                                         ).split()[1:]
+        return bytearray([int(x, 16) for x in rval])
+
+    @at_most_one_device
+    def exchange_mtu(self, mtu, timeout=1):
+        cmd = 'mtu {}'.format(mtu)
+
+        log.debug('Requesting MTU: {}'.format(mtu))
+
+        with self._receiver.event('mtu', timeout=timeout):
+            self.sendline(cmd)
+        try:
+            rval = self._receiver.last_value("mtu", "after").split()[-1]
+        except ValueError:
+            log.error('MTU exchange failed: "{}"'.format(rval))
+            raise
+
+        log.debug('MTU exhange successful: {}'.format(rval))
+
+        return rval
+
+    def reset(self):
+        subprocess.Popen(["sudo", "systemctl", "restart", "bluetooth"]).wait()
+        subprocess.Popen([
+            "sudo", "hciconfig", self._hci_device, "reset"]).wait()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/device.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/device.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e13b9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/device.py
@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import threading
+import logging
+from collections import defaultdict
+from binascii import hexlify
+from uuid import UUID
+
+from . import exceptions
+
+try:
+    string_type = basestring
+except NameError:
+    string_type = str
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class BLEDevice(object):
+    """
+    An BLE device connection instance, returned by one of the BLEBackend
+    implementations. This class is not meant to be instantiated directly - use
+    BLEBackend.connect() to create one.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, address):
+        """
+        Initialize.
+
+        address -- the BLE address (aka MAC address) of the device as a string.
+        """
+        self._address = address
+        self._characteristics = {}
+        self._callbacks = defaultdict(set)
+        self._subscribed_handlers = {}
+        self._subscribed_uuids = {}
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+
+    def bond(self, permanent=False):
+        """
+        Create a new bond or use an existing bond with the device and make the
+        current connection bonded and encrypted.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def get_rssi(self):
+        """
+        Get the receiver signal strength indicator (RSSI) value from the BLE
+        device.
+
+        Returns the RSSI value in dBm on success.
+        Returns None on failure.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def char_read(self, uuid):
+        """
+        Reads a Characteristic by UUID.
+
+        uuid -- UUID of Characteristic to read as a string.
+
+        Returns a bytearray containing the characteristic value on success.
+
+        Example:
+            my_ble_device.char_read('a1e8f5b1-696b-4e4c-87c6-69dfe0b0093b')
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def char_read_handle(self, uuid):
+        """
+        Reads a Characteristic by handle.
+
+        handle -- handle of Characteristic to read.
+
+        Returns a bytearray containing the characteristic value on success.
+
+        Example:
+            my_ble_device.char_read_handle(5)
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def char_read_long(self, uuid):
+        """
+        Reads a Characteristic by UUID.
+
+        uuid -- UUID of Characteristic to read as a string.
+
+        Returns a bytearray containing the characteristic value on success.
+
+        Example:
+            my_ble_device.char_read('a1e8f5b1-696b-4e4c-87c6-69dfe0b0093b')
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def char_read_long_handle(self, handle):
+        """
+        Reads a Characteristic longer than one read by handle.
+
+        handle -- handle of Characteristic to read.
+
+        Returns a bytearray containing the characteristic value on success.
+
+        Example:
+            my_ble_device.char_read_long_handle(5)
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def char_write(self, uuid, value, wait_for_response=True):
+        """
+        Writes a value to a given characteristic UUID.
+
+        uuid -- the UUID of the characteristic to write to.
+        value -- a bytearray to write to the characteristic.
+        wait_for_response -- wait for response after writing. A GATT "command"
+            is used when not waiting for a response. The remote host will not
+            acknowledge the write.
+
+        Example:
+            my_ble_device.char_write('a1e8f5b1-696b-4e4c-87c6-69dfe0b0093b',
+                                     bytearray([0x00, 0xFF]))
+        """
+        return self.char_write_handle(self.get_handle(uuid), value,
+                                      wait_for_response=wait_for_response)
+
+    def char_write_handle(self, handle, value, wait_for_response=True):
+        """
+        Writes a value to a given characteristic handle. This can be used to
+        write to the characteristic config handle for a primary characteristic.
+
+        hande -- the handle to write to.
+        value -- a bytearray to write to the characteristic.
+        wait_for_response -- wait for response after writing.
+
+        Example:
+            my_ble_device.char_write_handle(42, bytearray([0x00, 0xFF]))
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def char_write_long(self, uuid, value, wait_for_response=False):
+        """
+        Writes a value to a given characteristic UUID.
+
+        uuid -- the UUID of the characteristic to write to.
+        value -- a bytearray to write to the characteristic.
+        wait_for_response -- wait for response after writing.
+
+        Example:
+            my_ble_device.char_write('a1e8f5b1-696b-4e4c-87c6-69dfe0b0093b',
+                                     bytearray([0x00, 0xFF]))
+        """
+        return self.char_write_long_handle(self.get_handle(uuid), value,
+                                           wait_for_response=wait_for_response)
+
+    def char_write_long_handle(self, handle, value, wait_for_response=False):
+        """
+        Writes a value to a given characteristic handle. This can be used to
+        write to the characteristic config handle for a primary characteristic.
+
+        hande -- the handle to write to.
+        value -- a bytearray to write to the characteristic.
+        wait_for_response -- wait for response after writing.
+
+        Example:
+            my_ble_device.char_write(42,
+                                     bytearray([0x00, 0xFF]))
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def disconnect(self):
+        """
+        Disconnect from the device. This instance of BLEDevice cannot be used
+        after calling this method, you must call BLEBackend.connect() again to
+        get a fresh connection.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def _notification_handles(self, uuid):
+        # Expect notifications on the value handle...
+        value_handle = self.get_handle(uuid)
+
+        # but write to the characteristic config to enable notifications
+        # TODO with the BGAPI backend we can be smarter and fetch the actual
+        # characteristic config handle - we can also do that with gattool if we
+        # use the 'desc' command, so we'll need to change the "get_handle" API
+        # to be able to get the value or characteristic config handle.
+        characteristic_config_handle = value_handle + 1
+
+        return value_handle, characteristic_config_handle
+
+    def subscribe(self, uuid, callback=None, indication=False,
+                  wait_for_response=True):
+
+        """
+        Enable notifications or indications for a characteristic and register a
+        callback function to be called whenever a new value arrives.
+
+        uuid -- UUID as a string of the characteristic to subscribe.
+        callback -- function to be called when a notification/indication is
+                    received on this characteristic.
+        indication -- use indications (where each notificaiton is ACKd). This is
+                      more reliable, but slower.
+        wait_for_response -- wait for response after subscription.
+
+        """
+
+        value_handle, characteristic_config_handle = (
+            self._notification_handles(uuid)
+        )
+
+        properties = bytearray([
+            0x2 if indication else 0x1,
+            0x0
+        ])
+
+        with self._lock:
+            if callback is not None:
+                self._callbacks[value_handle].add(callback)
+
+            if self._subscribed_handlers.get(value_handle, None) != properties:
+                self.char_write_handle(
+                    characteristic_config_handle,
+                    properties,
+                    wait_for_response=wait_for_response
+                )
+                log.info("Subscribed to uuid=%s", uuid)
+                self._subscribed_handlers[value_handle] = properties
+                self._subscribed_uuids[uuid] = indication
+            else:
+                log.debug("Already subscribed to uuid=%s", uuid)
+
+    def unsubscribe(self, uuid, wait_for_response=True):
+        """
+        Disable notification for a charecteristic and de-register the callback.
+        """
+        value_handle, characteristic_config_handle = (
+            self._notification_handles(uuid)
+        )
+
+        properties = bytearray([0x0, 0x0])
+
+        with self._lock:
+            if uuid in self._subscribed_uuids:
+                del(self._subscribed_uuids[uuid])
+            if value_handle in self._callbacks:
+                del(self._callbacks[value_handle])
+            if value_handle in self._subscribed_handlers:
+                del(self._subscribed_handlers[value_handle])
+                self.char_write_handle(
+                    characteristic_config_handle,
+                    properties,
+                    wait_for_response=wait_for_response
+                )
+                log.info("Unsubscribed from uuid=%s", uuid)
+            else:
+                log.debug("Already unsubscribed from uuid=%s", uuid)
+
+    def get_handle(self, char_uuid):
+        """
+        Look up and return the handle for an attribute by its UUID.
+        :param char_uuid: The UUID of the characteristic.
+        :type uuid: str
+        :return: None if the UUID was not found.
+        """
+        if isinstance(char_uuid, string_type):
+            char_uuid = UUID(char_uuid)
+        log.debug("Looking up handle for characteristic %s", char_uuid)
+        if char_uuid not in self._characteristics:
+            self._characteristics = self.discover_characteristics()
+
+        characteristic = self._characteristics.get(char_uuid)
+        if characteristic is None:
+            message = "No characteristic found matching %s" % char_uuid
+            log.warn(message)
+            raise exceptions.BLEError(message)
+
+        # TODO support filtering by descriptor UUID, or maybe return the whole
+        # Characteristic object
+        log.debug("Found %s" % characteristic)
+        return characteristic.handle
+
+    def receive_notification(self, handle, value):
+        """
+        Receive a notification from the connected device and propagate the value
+        to all registered callbacks.
+        """
+
+        log.info('Received notification on handle=0x%x, value=0x%s',
+                 handle, hexlify(value))
+        with self._lock:
+            if handle in self._callbacks:
+                for callback in self._callbacks[handle]:
+                    callback(handle, value)
+
+    def exchange_mtu(self, mtu):
+        """
+        ATT exchange Maximum Transmission Unit.
+        :param mtu: New MTU-value
+        :return: New MTU, as recognized by server.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def resubscribe_all(self):
+        """
+        Reenable all notifications and indications for uuids that were
+        previously subscribed to.
+        This has to be called after a connection loss and subsequent reconnect.
+        """
+
+        for uuid in self._subscribed_uuids:
+            value_handle, characteristic_config_handle = (
+                self._notification_handles(uuid)
+            )
+
+            properties = bytearray([
+                0x2 if self._subscribed_uuids[uuid] else 0x1,
+                0x0
+            ])
+
+            with self._lock:
+                self.char_write_handle(
+                    characteristic_config_handle,
+                    properties,
+                    wait_for_response=True
+                )
+                log.info("Resubscribed to uuid=%s", uuid)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/exceptions.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccd4433
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+"""
+Exceptions for pygatt Module.
+"""
+
+
+class BLEError(Exception):
+    """Exception class for pygatt."""
+    pass
+
+
+class NotConnectedError(BLEError):
+    pass
+
+
+class NotificationTimeout(BLEError):
+    def __init__(self, msg=None, gatttool_output=None):
+        super(NotificationTimeout, self).__init__(msg)
+        self.gatttool_output = gatttool_output
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/util.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9246df8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pygatt/util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from uuid import UUID
+
+
+def uuid16_to_uuid(uuid16):
+    return UUID("0000%04x-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" % uuid16)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..606dcaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Python Serial Port Extension for Win32, OSX, Linux, BSD, Jython, IronPython
+
+Stable:
+
+- Documentation: http://pythonhosted.org/pyserial/
+- Download Page: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyserial
+
+Latest:
+
+- Documentation: http://pyserial.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+- Project Homepage: https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..363d8e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.0
+Name: pyserial
+Version: 3.5
+Summary: Python Serial Port Extension
+Home-page: https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+Author: Chris Liechti
+Author-email: cliechti@gmx.net
+License: BSD
+Platform: any
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: End Users/Desktop
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License
+Classifier: Natural Language :: English
+Classifier: Operating System :: POSIX
+Classifier: Operating System :: Microsoft :: Windows
+Classifier: Operating System :: MacOS :: MacOS X
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Topic :: Communications
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Classifier: Topic :: Terminals :: Serial
+Provides-Extra: cp2110
+Provides-Extra: cp2110
+Requires-Dist: hidapi; extra == 'cp2110'
+
+Python Serial Port Extension for Win32, OSX, Linux, BSD, Jython, IronPython
+
+Stable:
+
+- Documentation: http://pythonhosted.org/pyserial/
+- Download Page: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyserial
+
+Latest:
+
+- Documentation: http://pyserial.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
+- Project Homepage: https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6eb195a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+../../../bin/pyserial-miniterm,sha256=LcblxMrvJAQS3pxEhNpsFIE7w-InxkiBAXsgdCj99bk,241
+../../../bin/pyserial-ports,sha256=ajR78LJX5xheSbdDq91q3NnpZazxeK2ANeUXDAziXVE,243
+pyserial-3.5.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst,sha256=rXXIUFeAsfXq2YS7DGkztGmXez-G7gAwbwdBL8t9KME,320
+pyserial-3.5.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+pyserial-3.5.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=QqirfpTvC3uqfpTNrGXWuSVMYIR29jASDJkAB79HKUM,1650
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+pyserial-3.5.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=FSjfWHWw-VjPiEqOhttbiP-F8OHn-liixq1wKL2fWOA,7
+serial/__init__.py,sha256=XeyJf970Wg6vY-rNoeAdYuHnVJAwJYSuAjj3U3ZZI0Q,3212
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+serial/urlhandler/protocol_spy.py,sha256=FdUaU43-bl1KXTy_S4HhzyGV5hpUsopm8IqTrX2VX-4,9130
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7332a41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.30.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b69a613
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+[console_scripts]
+pyserial-miniterm = serial.tools.miniterm:main
+pyserial-ports = serial.tools.list_ports:main
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/metadata.json b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/metadata.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5064763
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/metadata.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"classifiers": ["Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable", "Intended Audience :: Developers", "Intended Audience :: End Users/Desktop", "License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License", "Natural Language :: English", "Operating System :: POSIX", "Operating System :: Microsoft :: Windows", "Operating System :: MacOS :: MacOS X", "Programming Language :: Python", "Programming Language :: Python :: 2", "Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7", "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8", "Topic :: Communications", "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries", "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules", "Topic :: Terminals :: Serial"], "extensions": {"python.commands": {"wrap_console": {"pyserial-miniterm": "serial.tools.miniterm:main", "pyserial-ports": "serial.tools.list_ports:main"}}, "python.details": {"contacts": [{"email": "cliechti@gmx.net", "name": "Chris Liechti", "role": "author"}], "document_names": {"description": "DESCRIPTION.rst"}, "project_urls": {"Home": "https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial"}}, "python.exports": {"console_scripts": {"pyserial-miniterm": "serial.tools.miniterm:main", "pyserial-ports": "serial.tools.list_ports:main"}}}, "extras": ["cp2110"], "generator": "bdist_wheel (0.30.0)", "license": "BSD", "metadata_version": "2.0", "name": "pyserial", "platform": "any", "run_requires": [{"extra": "cp2110", "requires": ["hidapi"]}], "summary": "Python Serial Port Extension", "version": "3.5"}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6be06a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyserial-3.5.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+serial
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..caa4de1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# This is a wrapper module for different platform implementations
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2001-2020 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import sys
+import importlib
+
+from serial.serialutil import *
+#~ SerialBase, SerialException, to_bytes, iterbytes
+
+__version__ = '3.5'
+
+VERSION = __version__
+
+# pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
+if sys.platform == 'cli':
+    from serial.serialcli import Serial
+else:
+    import os
+    # chose an implementation, depending on os
+    if os.name == 'nt':  # sys.platform == 'win32':
+        from serial.serialwin32 import Serial
+    elif os.name == 'posix':
+        from serial.serialposix import Serial, PosixPollSerial, VTIMESerial  # noqa
+    elif os.name == 'java':
+        from serial.serialjava import Serial
+    else:
+        raise ImportError("Sorry: no implementation for your platform ('{}') available".format(os.name))
+
+
+protocol_handler_packages = [
+    'serial.urlhandler',
+]
+
+
+def serial_for_url(url, *args, **kwargs):
+    """\
+    Get an instance of the Serial class, depending on port/url. The port is not
+    opened when the keyword parameter 'do_not_open' is true, by default it
+    is. All other parameters are directly passed to the __init__ method when
+    the port is instantiated.
+
+    The list of package names that is searched for protocol handlers is kept in
+    ``protocol_handler_packages``.
+
+    e.g. we want to support a URL ``foobar://``. A module
+    ``my_handlers.protocol_foobar`` is provided by the user. Then
+    ``protocol_handler_packages.append("my_handlers")`` would extend the search
+    path so that ``serial_for_url("foobar://"))`` would work.
+    """
+    # check and remove extra parameter to not confuse the Serial class
+    do_open = not kwargs.pop('do_not_open', False)
+    # the default is to use the native implementation
+    klass = Serial
+    try:
+        url_lowercase = url.lower()
+    except AttributeError:
+        # it's not a string, use default
+        pass
+    else:
+        # if it is an URL, try to import the handler module from the list of possible packages
+        if '://' in url_lowercase:
+            protocol = url_lowercase.split('://', 1)[0]
+            module_name = '.protocol_{}'.format(protocol)
+            for package_name in protocol_handler_packages:
+                try:
+                    importlib.import_module(package_name)
+                    handler_module = importlib.import_module(module_name, package_name)
+                except ImportError:
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    if hasattr(handler_module, 'serial_class_for_url'):
+                        url, klass = handler_module.serial_class_for_url(url)
+                    else:
+                        klass = handler_module.Serial
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise ValueError('invalid URL, protocol {!r} not known'.format(protocol))
+    # instantiate and open when desired
+    instance = klass(None, *args, **kwargs)
+    instance.port = url
+    if do_open:
+        instance.open()
+    return instance
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/__main__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/__main__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd0a2e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/__main__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from .tools import miniterm
+
+miniterm.main()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/__pycache__/win32.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/__pycache__/win32.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/rfc2217.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/rfc2217.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ae188e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/rfc2217.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1351 @@
+#! python
+#
+# This module implements a RFC2217 compatible client. RF2217 descibes a
+# protocol to access serial ports over TCP/IP and allows setting the baud rate,
+# modem control lines etc.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2001-2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+# TODO:
+# - setting control line -> answer is not checked (had problems with one of the
+#   severs). consider implementing a compatibility mode flag to make check
+#   conditional
+# - write timeout not implemented at all
+
+# ###########################################################################
+# observations and issues with servers
+# ===========================================================================
+# sredird V2.2.1
+# - http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/system/serial/   sredird-2.2.2.tar.gz
+# - does not acknowledge SET_CONTROL (RTS/DTR) correctly, always responding
+#   [105 1] instead of the actual value.
+# - SET_BAUDRATE answer contains 4 extra null bytes -> probably for larger
+#   numbers than 2**32?
+# - To get the signature [COM_PORT_OPTION 0] has to be sent.
+# - run a server: while true; do nc -l -p 7000 -c "sredird debug /dev/ttyUSB0 /var/lock/sredir"; done
+# ===========================================================================
+# telnetcpcd (untested)
+# - http://ftp.wayne.edu/kermit/sredird/telnetcpcd-1.09.tar.gz
+# - To get the signature [COM_PORT_OPTION] w/o data has to be sent.
+# ===========================================================================
+# ser2net
+# - does not negotiate BINARY or COM_PORT_OPTION for his side but at least
+#   acknowledges that the client activates these options
+# - The configuration may be that the server prints a banner. As this client
+#   implementation does a flushInput on connect, this banner is hidden from
+#   the user application.
+# - NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE: the poll interval of the server seems to be one
+#   second.
+# - To get the signature [COM_PORT_OPTION 0] has to be sent.
+# - run a server: run ser2net daemon, in /etc/ser2net.conf:
+#     2000:telnet:0:/dev/ttyS0:9600 remctl banner
+# ###########################################################################
+
+# How to identify ports? pySerial might want to support other protocols in the
+# future, so lets use an URL scheme.
+# for RFC2217 compliant servers we will use this:
+#    rfc2217://<host>:<port>[?option[&option...]]
+#
+# options:
+# - "logging" set log level print diagnostic messages (e.g. "logging=debug")
+# - "ign_set_control": do not look at the answers to SET_CONTROL
+# - "poll_modem": issue NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE requests when CTS/DTR/RI/CD is read.
+#   Without this option it expects that the server sends notifications
+#   automatically on change (which most servers do and is according to the
+#   RFC).
+# the order of the options is not relevant
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import socket
+import struct
+import threading
+import time
+try:
+    import urlparse
+except ImportError:
+    import urllib.parse as urlparse
+try:
+    import Queue
+except ImportError:
+    import queue as Queue
+
+import serial
+from serial.serialutil import SerialBase, SerialException, to_bytes, \
+    iterbytes, PortNotOpenError, Timeout
+
+# port string is expected to be something like this:
+# rfc2217://host:port
+# host may be an IP or including domain, whatever.
+# port is 0...65535
+
+# map log level names to constants. used in from_url()
+LOGGER_LEVELS = {
+    'debug': logging.DEBUG,
+    'info': logging.INFO,
+    'warning': logging.WARNING,
+    'error': logging.ERROR,
+}
+
+
+# telnet protocol characters
+SE = b'\xf0'    # Subnegotiation End
+NOP = b'\xf1'   # No Operation
+DM = b'\xf2'    # Data Mark
+BRK = b'\xf3'   # Break
+IP = b'\xf4'    # Interrupt process
+AO = b'\xf5'    # Abort output
+AYT = b'\xf6'   # Are You There
+EC = b'\xf7'    # Erase Character
+EL = b'\xf8'    # Erase Line
+GA = b'\xf9'    # Go Ahead
+SB = b'\xfa'    # Subnegotiation Begin
+WILL = b'\xfb'
+WONT = b'\xfc'
+DO = b'\xfd'
+DONT = b'\xfe'
+IAC = b'\xff'   # Interpret As Command
+IAC_DOUBLED = b'\xff\xff'
+
+# selected telnet options
+BINARY = b'\x00'    # 8-bit data path
+ECHO = b'\x01'      # echo
+SGA = b'\x03'       # suppress go ahead
+
+# RFC2217
+COM_PORT_OPTION = b'\x2c'
+
+# Client to Access Server
+SET_BAUDRATE = b'\x01'
+SET_DATASIZE = b'\x02'
+SET_PARITY = b'\x03'
+SET_STOPSIZE = b'\x04'
+SET_CONTROL = b'\x05'
+NOTIFY_LINESTATE = b'\x06'
+NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE = b'\x07'
+FLOWCONTROL_SUSPEND = b'\x08'
+FLOWCONTROL_RESUME = b'\x09'
+SET_LINESTATE_MASK = b'\x0a'
+SET_MODEMSTATE_MASK = b'\x0b'
+PURGE_DATA = b'\x0c'
+
+SERVER_SET_BAUDRATE = b'\x65'
+SERVER_SET_DATASIZE = b'\x66'
+SERVER_SET_PARITY = b'\x67'
+SERVER_SET_STOPSIZE = b'\x68'
+SERVER_SET_CONTROL = b'\x69'
+SERVER_NOTIFY_LINESTATE = b'\x6a'
+SERVER_NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE = b'\x6b'
+SERVER_FLOWCONTROL_SUSPEND = b'\x6c'
+SERVER_FLOWCONTROL_RESUME = b'\x6d'
+SERVER_SET_LINESTATE_MASK = b'\x6e'
+SERVER_SET_MODEMSTATE_MASK = b'\x6f'
+SERVER_PURGE_DATA = b'\x70'
+
+RFC2217_ANSWER_MAP = {
+    SET_BAUDRATE: SERVER_SET_BAUDRATE,
+    SET_DATASIZE: SERVER_SET_DATASIZE,
+    SET_PARITY: SERVER_SET_PARITY,
+    SET_STOPSIZE: SERVER_SET_STOPSIZE,
+    SET_CONTROL: SERVER_SET_CONTROL,
+    NOTIFY_LINESTATE: SERVER_NOTIFY_LINESTATE,
+    NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE: SERVER_NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE,
+    FLOWCONTROL_SUSPEND: SERVER_FLOWCONTROL_SUSPEND,
+    FLOWCONTROL_RESUME: SERVER_FLOWCONTROL_RESUME,
+    SET_LINESTATE_MASK: SERVER_SET_LINESTATE_MASK,
+    SET_MODEMSTATE_MASK: SERVER_SET_MODEMSTATE_MASK,
+    PURGE_DATA: SERVER_PURGE_DATA,
+}
+
+SET_CONTROL_REQ_FLOW_SETTING = b'\x00'        # Request Com Port Flow Control Setting (outbound/both)
+SET_CONTROL_USE_NO_FLOW_CONTROL = b'\x01'     # Use No Flow Control (outbound/both)
+SET_CONTROL_USE_SW_FLOW_CONTROL = b'\x02'     # Use XON/XOFF Flow Control (outbound/both)
+SET_CONTROL_USE_HW_FLOW_CONTROL = b'\x03'     # Use HARDWARE Flow Control (outbound/both)
+SET_CONTROL_REQ_BREAK_STATE = b'\x04'         # Request BREAK State
+SET_CONTROL_BREAK_ON = b'\x05'                # Set BREAK State ON
+SET_CONTROL_BREAK_OFF = b'\x06'               # Set BREAK State OFF
+SET_CONTROL_REQ_DTR = b'\x07'                 # Request DTR Signal State
+SET_CONTROL_DTR_ON = b'\x08'                  # Set DTR Signal State ON
+SET_CONTROL_DTR_OFF = b'\x09'                 # Set DTR Signal State OFF
+SET_CONTROL_REQ_RTS = b'\x0a'                 # Request RTS Signal State
+SET_CONTROL_RTS_ON = b'\x0b'                  # Set RTS Signal State ON
+SET_CONTROL_RTS_OFF = b'\x0c'                 # Set RTS Signal State OFF
+SET_CONTROL_REQ_FLOW_SETTING_IN = b'\x0d'     # Request Com Port Flow Control Setting (inbound)
+SET_CONTROL_USE_NO_FLOW_CONTROL_IN = b'\x0e'  # Use No Flow Control (inbound)
+SET_CONTROL_USE_SW_FLOW_CONTOL_IN = b'\x0f'   # Use XON/XOFF Flow Control (inbound)
+SET_CONTROL_USE_HW_FLOW_CONTOL_IN = b'\x10'   # Use HARDWARE Flow Control (inbound)
+SET_CONTROL_USE_DCD_FLOW_CONTROL = b'\x11'    # Use DCD Flow Control (outbound/both)
+SET_CONTROL_USE_DTR_FLOW_CONTROL = b'\x12'    # Use DTR Flow Control (inbound)
+SET_CONTROL_USE_DSR_FLOW_CONTROL = b'\x13'    # Use DSR Flow Control (outbound/both)
+
+LINESTATE_MASK_TIMEOUT = 128        # Time-out Error
+LINESTATE_MASK_SHIFTREG_EMPTY = 64  # Transfer Shift Register Empty
+LINESTATE_MASK_TRANSREG_EMPTY = 32  # Transfer Holding Register Empty
+LINESTATE_MASK_BREAK_DETECT = 16    # Break-detect Error
+LINESTATE_MASK_FRAMING_ERROR = 8    # Framing Error
+LINESTATE_MASK_PARTIY_ERROR = 4     # Parity Error
+LINESTATE_MASK_OVERRUN_ERROR = 2    # Overrun Error
+LINESTATE_MASK_DATA_READY = 1       # Data Ready
+
+MODEMSTATE_MASK_CD = 128            # Receive Line Signal Detect (also known as Carrier Detect)
+MODEMSTATE_MASK_RI = 64             # Ring Indicator
+MODEMSTATE_MASK_DSR = 32            # Data-Set-Ready Signal State
+MODEMSTATE_MASK_CTS = 16            # Clear-To-Send Signal State
+MODEMSTATE_MASK_CD_CHANGE = 8       # Delta Receive Line Signal Detect
+MODEMSTATE_MASK_RI_CHANGE = 4       # Trailing-edge Ring Detector
+MODEMSTATE_MASK_DSR_CHANGE = 2      # Delta Data-Set-Ready
+MODEMSTATE_MASK_CTS_CHANGE = 1      # Delta Clear-To-Send
+
+PURGE_RECEIVE_BUFFER = b'\x01'      # Purge access server receive data buffer
+PURGE_TRANSMIT_BUFFER = b'\x02'     # Purge access server transmit data buffer
+PURGE_BOTH_BUFFERS = b'\x03'        # Purge both the access server receive data
+                                    # buffer and the access server transmit data buffer
+
+
+RFC2217_PARITY_MAP = {
+    serial.PARITY_NONE: 1,
+    serial.PARITY_ODD: 2,
+    serial.PARITY_EVEN: 3,
+    serial.PARITY_MARK: 4,
+    serial.PARITY_SPACE: 5,
+}
+RFC2217_REVERSE_PARITY_MAP = dict((v, k) for k, v in RFC2217_PARITY_MAP.items())
+
+RFC2217_STOPBIT_MAP = {
+    serial.STOPBITS_ONE: 1,
+    serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE: 3,
+    serial.STOPBITS_TWO: 2,
+}
+RFC2217_REVERSE_STOPBIT_MAP = dict((v, k) for k, v in RFC2217_STOPBIT_MAP.items())
+
+# Telnet filter states
+M_NORMAL = 0
+M_IAC_SEEN = 1
+M_NEGOTIATE = 2
+
+# TelnetOption and TelnetSubnegotiation states
+REQUESTED = 'REQUESTED'
+ACTIVE = 'ACTIVE'
+INACTIVE = 'INACTIVE'
+REALLY_INACTIVE = 'REALLY_INACTIVE'
+
+
+class TelnetOption(object):
+    """Manage a single telnet option, keeps track of DO/DONT WILL/WONT."""
+
+    def __init__(self, connection, name, option, send_yes, send_no, ack_yes,
+                 ack_no, initial_state, activation_callback=None):
+        """\
+        Initialize option.
+        :param connection: connection used to transmit answers
+        :param name: a readable name for debug outputs
+        :param send_yes: what to send when option is to be enabled.
+        :param send_no: what to send when option is to be disabled.
+        :param ack_yes: what to expect when remote agrees on option.
+        :param ack_no: what to expect when remote disagrees on option.
+        :param initial_state: options initialized with REQUESTED are tried to
+            be enabled on startup. use INACTIVE for all others.
+        """
+        self.connection = connection
+        self.name = name
+        self.option = option
+        self.send_yes = send_yes
+        self.send_no = send_no
+        self.ack_yes = ack_yes
+        self.ack_no = ack_no
+        self.state = initial_state
+        self.active = False
+        self.activation_callback = activation_callback
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """String for debug outputs"""
+        return "{o.name}:{o.active}({o.state})".format(o=self)
+
+    def process_incoming(self, command):
+        """\
+        A DO/DONT/WILL/WONT was received for this option, update state and
+        answer when needed.
+        """
+        if command == self.ack_yes:
+            if self.state is REQUESTED:
+                self.state = ACTIVE
+                self.active = True
+                if self.activation_callback is not None:
+                    self.activation_callback()
+            elif self.state is ACTIVE:
+                pass
+            elif self.state is INACTIVE:
+                self.state = ACTIVE
+                self.connection.telnet_send_option(self.send_yes, self.option)
+                self.active = True
+                if self.activation_callback is not None:
+                    self.activation_callback()
+            elif self.state is REALLY_INACTIVE:
+                self.connection.telnet_send_option(self.send_no, self.option)
+            else:
+                raise ValueError('option in illegal state {!r}'.format(self))
+        elif command == self.ack_no:
+            if self.state is REQUESTED:
+                self.state = INACTIVE
+                self.active = False
+            elif self.state is ACTIVE:
+                self.state = INACTIVE
+                self.connection.telnet_send_option(self.send_no, self.option)
+                self.active = False
+            elif self.state is INACTIVE:
+                pass
+            elif self.state is REALLY_INACTIVE:
+                pass
+            else:
+                raise ValueError('option in illegal state {!r}'.format(self))
+
+
+class TelnetSubnegotiation(object):
+    """\
+    A object to handle subnegotiation of options. In this case actually
+    sub-sub options for RFC 2217. It is used to track com port options.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, connection, name, option, ack_option=None):
+        if ack_option is None:
+            ack_option = option
+        self.connection = connection
+        self.name = name
+        self.option = option
+        self.value = None
+        self.ack_option = ack_option
+        self.state = INACTIVE
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """String for debug outputs."""
+        return "{sn.name}:{sn.state}".format(sn=self)
+
+    def set(self, value):
+        """\
+        Request a change of the value. a request is sent to the server. if
+        the client needs to know if the change is performed he has to check the
+        state of this object.
+        """
+        self.value = value
+        self.state = REQUESTED
+        self.connection.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(self.option, self.value)
+        if self.connection.logger:
+            self.connection.logger.debug("SB Requesting {} -> {!r}".format(self.name, self.value))
+
+    def is_ready(self):
+        """\
+        Check if answer from server has been received. when server rejects
+        the change, raise a ValueError.
+        """
+        if self.state == REALLY_INACTIVE:
+            raise ValueError("remote rejected value for option {!r}".format(self.name))
+        return self.state == ACTIVE
+    # add property to have a similar interface as TelnetOption
+    active = property(is_ready)
+
+    def wait(self, timeout=3):
+        """\
+        Wait until the subnegotiation has been acknowledged or timeout. It
+        can also throw a value error when the answer from the server does not
+        match the value sent.
+        """
+        timeout_timer = Timeout(timeout)
+        while not timeout_timer.expired():
+            time.sleep(0.05)    # prevent 100% CPU load
+            if self.is_ready():
+                break
+        else:
+            raise SerialException("timeout while waiting for option {!r}".format(self.name))
+
+    def check_answer(self, suboption):
+        """\
+        Check an incoming subnegotiation block. The parameter already has
+        cut off the header like sub option number and com port option value.
+        """
+        if self.value == suboption[:len(self.value)]:
+            self.state = ACTIVE
+        else:
+            # error propagation done in is_ready
+            self.state = REALLY_INACTIVE
+        if self.connection.logger:
+            self.connection.logger.debug("SB Answer {} -> {!r} -> {}".format(self.name, suboption, self.state))
+
+
+class Serial(SerialBase):
+    """Serial port implementation for RFC 2217 remote serial ports."""
+
+    BAUDRATES = (50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800,
+                 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200)
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._thread = None
+        self._socket = None
+        self._linestate = 0
+        self._modemstate = None
+        self._modemstate_timeout = Timeout(-1)
+        self._remote_suspend_flow = False
+        self._write_lock = None
+        self.logger = None
+        self._ignore_set_control_answer = False
+        self._poll_modem_state = False
+        self._network_timeout = 3
+        self._telnet_options = None
+        self._rfc2217_port_settings = None
+        self._rfc2217_options = None
+        self._read_buffer = None
+        super(Serial, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # must be last call in case of auto-open
+
+    def open(self):
+        """\
+        Open port with current settings. This may throw a SerialException
+        if the port cannot be opened.
+        """
+        self.logger = None
+        self._ignore_set_control_answer = False
+        self._poll_modem_state = False
+        self._network_timeout = 3
+        if self._port is None:
+            raise SerialException("Port must be configured before it can be used.")
+        if self.is_open:
+            raise SerialException("Port is already open.")
+        try:
+            self._socket = socket.create_connection(self.from_url(self.portstr), timeout=5)  # XXX good value?
+            self._socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_NODELAY, 1)
+        except Exception as msg:
+            self._socket = None
+            raise SerialException("Could not open port {}: {}".format(self.portstr, msg))
+
+        # use a thread save queue as buffer. it also simplifies implementing
+        # the read timeout
+        self._read_buffer = Queue.Queue()
+        # to ensure that user writes does not interfere with internal
+        # telnet/rfc2217 options establish a lock
+        self._write_lock = threading.Lock()
+        # name the following separately so that, below, a check can be easily done
+        mandadory_options = [
+            TelnetOption(self, 'we-BINARY', BINARY, WILL, WONT, DO, DONT, INACTIVE),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'we-RFC2217', COM_PORT_OPTION, WILL, WONT, DO, DONT, REQUESTED),
+        ]
+        # all supported telnet options
+        self._telnet_options = [
+            TelnetOption(self, 'ECHO', ECHO, DO, DONT, WILL, WONT, REQUESTED),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'we-SGA', SGA, WILL, WONT, DO, DONT, REQUESTED),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'they-SGA', SGA, DO, DONT, WILL, WONT, REQUESTED),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'they-BINARY', BINARY, DO, DONT, WILL, WONT, INACTIVE),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'they-RFC2217', COM_PORT_OPTION, DO, DONT, WILL, WONT, REQUESTED),
+        ] + mandadory_options
+        # RFC 2217 specific states
+        # COM port settings
+        self._rfc2217_port_settings = {
+            'baudrate': TelnetSubnegotiation(self, 'baudrate', SET_BAUDRATE, SERVER_SET_BAUDRATE),
+            'datasize': TelnetSubnegotiation(self, 'datasize', SET_DATASIZE, SERVER_SET_DATASIZE),
+            'parity':   TelnetSubnegotiation(self, 'parity',   SET_PARITY,   SERVER_SET_PARITY),
+            'stopsize': TelnetSubnegotiation(self, 'stopsize', SET_STOPSIZE, SERVER_SET_STOPSIZE),
+        }
+        # There are more subnegotiation objects, combine all in one dictionary
+        # for easy access
+        self._rfc2217_options = {
+            'purge':    TelnetSubnegotiation(self, 'purge',    PURGE_DATA,   SERVER_PURGE_DATA),
+            'control':  TelnetSubnegotiation(self, 'control',  SET_CONTROL,  SERVER_SET_CONTROL),
+        }
+        self._rfc2217_options.update(self._rfc2217_port_settings)
+        # cache for line and modem states that the server sends to us
+        self._linestate = 0
+        self._modemstate = None
+        self._modemstate_timeout = Timeout(-1)
+        # RFC 2217 flow control between server and client
+        self._remote_suspend_flow = False
+
+        self.is_open = True
+        self._thread = threading.Thread(target=self._telnet_read_loop)
+        self._thread.setDaemon(True)
+        self._thread.setName('pySerial RFC 2217 reader thread for {}'.format(self._port))
+        self._thread.start()
+
+        try:    # must clean-up if open fails
+            # negotiate Telnet/RFC 2217 -> send initial requests
+            for option in self._telnet_options:
+                if option.state is REQUESTED:
+                    self.telnet_send_option(option.send_yes, option.option)
+            # now wait until important options are negotiated
+            timeout = Timeout(self._network_timeout)
+            while not timeout.expired():
+                time.sleep(0.05)    # prevent 100% CPU load
+                if sum(o.active for o in mandadory_options) == sum(o.state != INACTIVE for o in mandadory_options):
+                    break
+            else:
+                raise SerialException(
+                    "Remote does not seem to support RFC2217 or BINARY mode {!r}".format(mandadory_options))
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.info("Negotiated options: {}".format(self._telnet_options))
+
+            # fine, go on, set RFC 2217 specific things
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+            # all things set up get, now a clean start
+            if not self._dsrdtr:
+                self._update_dtr_state()
+            if not self._rtscts:
+                self._update_rts_state()
+            self.reset_input_buffer()
+            self.reset_output_buffer()
+        except:
+            self.close()
+            raise
+
+    def _reconfigure_port(self):
+        """Set communication parameters on opened port."""
+        if self._socket is None:
+            raise SerialException("Can only operate on open ports")
+
+        # if self._timeout != 0 and self._interCharTimeout is not None:
+            # XXX
+
+        if self._write_timeout is not None:
+            raise NotImplementedError('write_timeout is currently not supported')
+            # XXX
+
+        # Setup the connection
+        # to get good performance, all parameter changes are sent first...
+        if not 0 < self._baudrate < 2 ** 32:
+            raise ValueError("invalid baudrate: {!r}".format(self._baudrate))
+        self._rfc2217_port_settings['baudrate'].set(struct.pack(b'!I', self._baudrate))
+        self._rfc2217_port_settings['datasize'].set(struct.pack(b'!B', self._bytesize))
+        self._rfc2217_port_settings['parity'].set(struct.pack(b'!B', RFC2217_PARITY_MAP[self._parity]))
+        self._rfc2217_port_settings['stopsize'].set(struct.pack(b'!B', RFC2217_STOPBIT_MAP[self._stopbits]))
+
+        # and now wait until parameters are active
+        items = self._rfc2217_port_settings.values()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.debug("Negotiating settings: {}".format(items))
+        timeout = Timeout(self._network_timeout)
+        while not timeout.expired():
+            time.sleep(0.05)    # prevent 100% CPU load
+            if sum(o.active for o in items) == len(items):
+                break
+        else:
+            raise SerialException("Remote does not accept parameter change (RFC2217): {!r}".format(items))
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info("Negotiated settings: {}".format(items))
+
+        if self._rtscts and self._xonxoff:
+            raise ValueError('xonxoff and rtscts together are not supported')
+        elif self._rtscts:
+            self.rfc2217_set_control(SET_CONTROL_USE_HW_FLOW_CONTROL)
+        elif self._xonxoff:
+            self.rfc2217_set_control(SET_CONTROL_USE_SW_FLOW_CONTROL)
+        else:
+            self.rfc2217_set_control(SET_CONTROL_USE_NO_FLOW_CONTROL)
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close port"""
+        self.is_open = False
+        if self._socket:
+            try:
+                self._socket.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
+                self._socket.close()
+            except:
+                # ignore errors.
+                pass
+        if self._thread:
+            self._thread.join(7)  # XXX more than socket timeout
+            self._thread = None
+            # in case of quick reconnects, give the server some time
+            time.sleep(0.3)
+        self._socket = None
+
+    def from_url(self, url):
+        """\
+        extract host and port from an URL string, other settings are extracted
+        an stored in instance
+        """
+        parts = urlparse.urlsplit(url)
+        if parts.scheme != "rfc2217":
+            raise SerialException(
+                'expected a string in the form '
+                '"rfc2217://<host>:<port>[?option[&option...]]": '
+                'not starting with rfc2217:// ({!r})'.format(parts.scheme))
+        try:
+            # process options now, directly altering self
+            for option, values in urlparse.parse_qs(parts.query, True).items():
+                if option == 'logging':
+                    logging.basicConfig()   # XXX is that good to call it here?
+                    self.logger = logging.getLogger('pySerial.rfc2217')
+                    self.logger.setLevel(LOGGER_LEVELS[values[0]])
+                    self.logger.debug('enabled logging')
+                elif option == 'ign_set_control':
+                    self._ignore_set_control_answer = True
+                elif option == 'poll_modem':
+                    self._poll_modem_state = True
+                elif option == 'timeout':
+                    self._network_timeout = float(values[0])
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError('unknown option: {!r}'.format(option))
+            if not 0 <= parts.port < 65536:
+                raise ValueError("port not in range 0...65535")
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise SerialException(
+                'expected a string in the form '
+                '"rfc2217://<host>:<port>[?option[&option...]]": {}'.format(e))
+        return (parts.hostname, parts.port)
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    @property
+    def in_waiting(self):
+        """Return the number of bytes currently in the input buffer."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return self._read_buffer.qsize()
+
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        """\
+        Read size bytes from the serial port. If a timeout is set it may
+        return less characters as requested. With no timeout it will block
+        until the requested number of bytes is read.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        data = bytearray()
+        try:
+            timeout = Timeout(self._timeout)
+            while len(data) < size:
+                if self._thread is None or not self._thread.is_alive():
+                    raise SerialException('connection failed (reader thread died)')
+                buf = self._read_buffer.get(True, timeout.time_left())
+                if buf is None:
+                    return bytes(data)
+                data += buf
+                if timeout.expired():
+                    break
+        except Queue.Empty:  # -> timeout
+            pass
+        return bytes(data)
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        """\
+        Output the given byte string over the serial port. Can block if the
+        connection is blocked. May raise SerialException if the connection is
+        closed.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        with self._write_lock:
+            try:
+                self._socket.sendall(to_bytes(data).replace(IAC, IAC_DOUBLED))
+            except socket.error as e:
+                raise SerialException("connection failed (socket error): {}".format(e))
+        return len(data)
+
+    def reset_input_buffer(self):
+        """Clear input buffer, discarding all that is in the buffer."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self.rfc2217_send_purge(PURGE_RECEIVE_BUFFER)
+        # empty read buffer
+        while self._read_buffer.qsize():
+            self._read_buffer.get(False)
+
+    def reset_output_buffer(self):
+        """\
+        Clear output buffer, aborting the current output and
+        discarding all that is in the buffer.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self.rfc2217_send_purge(PURGE_TRANSMIT_BUFFER)
+
+    def _update_break_state(self):
+        """\
+        Set break: Controls TXD. When active, to transmitting is
+        possible.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('set BREAK to {}'.format('active' if self._break_state else 'inactive'))
+        if self._break_state:
+            self.rfc2217_set_control(SET_CONTROL_BREAK_ON)
+        else:
+            self.rfc2217_set_control(SET_CONTROL_BREAK_OFF)
+
+    def _update_rts_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Request To Send."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('set RTS to {}'.format('active' if self._rts_state else 'inactive'))
+        if self._rts_state:
+            self.rfc2217_set_control(SET_CONTROL_RTS_ON)
+        else:
+            self.rfc2217_set_control(SET_CONTROL_RTS_OFF)
+
+    def _update_dtr_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Data Terminal Ready."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('set DTR to {}'.format('active' if self._dtr_state else 'inactive'))
+        if self._dtr_state:
+            self.rfc2217_set_control(SET_CONTROL_DTR_ON)
+        else:
+            self.rfc2217_set_control(SET_CONTROL_DTR_OFF)
+
+    @property
+    def cts(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Clear To Send."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return bool(self.get_modem_state() & MODEMSTATE_MASK_CTS)
+
+    @property
+    def dsr(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Data Set Ready."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return bool(self.get_modem_state() & MODEMSTATE_MASK_DSR)
+
+    @property
+    def ri(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Ring Indicator."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return bool(self.get_modem_state() & MODEMSTATE_MASK_RI)
+
+    @property
+    def cd(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Carrier Detect."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return bool(self.get_modem_state() & MODEMSTATE_MASK_CD)
+
+    # - - - platform specific - - -
+    # None so far
+
+    # - - - RFC2217 specific - - -
+
+    def _telnet_read_loop(self):
+        """Read loop for the socket."""
+        mode = M_NORMAL
+        suboption = None
+        try:
+            while self.is_open:
+                try:
+                    data = self._socket.recv(1024)
+                except socket.timeout:
+                    # just need to get out of recv form time to time to check if
+                    # still alive
+                    continue
+                except socket.error as e:
+                    # connection fails -> terminate loop
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.debug("socket error in reader thread: {}".format(e))
+                    self._read_buffer.put(None)
+                    break
+                if not data:
+                    self._read_buffer.put(None)
+                    break  # lost connection
+                for byte in iterbytes(data):
+                    if mode == M_NORMAL:
+                        # interpret as command or as data
+                        if byte == IAC:
+                            mode = M_IAC_SEEN
+                        else:
+                            # store data in read buffer or sub option buffer
+                            # depending on state
+                            if suboption is not None:
+                                suboption += byte
+                            else:
+                                self._read_buffer.put(byte)
+                    elif mode == M_IAC_SEEN:
+                        if byte == IAC:
+                            # interpret as command doubled -> insert character
+                            # itself
+                            if suboption is not None:
+                                suboption += IAC
+                            else:
+                                self._read_buffer.put(IAC)
+                            mode = M_NORMAL
+                        elif byte == SB:
+                            # sub option start
+                            suboption = bytearray()
+                            mode = M_NORMAL
+                        elif byte == SE:
+                            # sub option end -> process it now
+                            self._telnet_process_subnegotiation(bytes(suboption))
+                            suboption = None
+                            mode = M_NORMAL
+                        elif byte in (DO, DONT, WILL, WONT):
+                            # negotiation
+                            telnet_command = byte
+                            mode = M_NEGOTIATE
+                        else:
+                            # other telnet commands
+                            self._telnet_process_command(byte)
+                            mode = M_NORMAL
+                    elif mode == M_NEGOTIATE:  # DO, DONT, WILL, WONT was received, option now following
+                        self._telnet_negotiate_option(telnet_command, byte)
+                        mode = M_NORMAL
+        finally:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug("read thread terminated")
+
+    # - incoming telnet commands and options
+
+    def _telnet_process_command(self, command):
+        """Process commands other than DO, DONT, WILL, WONT."""
+        # Currently none. RFC2217 only uses negotiation and subnegotiation.
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.warning("ignoring Telnet command: {!r}".format(command))
+
+    def _telnet_negotiate_option(self, command, option):
+        """Process incoming DO, DONT, WILL, WONT."""
+        # check our registered telnet options and forward command to them
+        # they know themselves if they have to answer or not
+        known = False
+        for item in self._telnet_options:
+            # can have more than one match! as some options are duplicated for
+            # 'us' and 'them'
+            if item.option == option:
+                item.process_incoming(command)
+                known = True
+        if not known:
+            # handle unknown options
+            # only answer to positive requests and deny them
+            if command == WILL or command == DO:
+                self.telnet_send_option((DONT if command == WILL else WONT), option)
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.warning("rejected Telnet option: {!r}".format(option))
+
+    def _telnet_process_subnegotiation(self, suboption):
+        """Process subnegotiation, the data between IAC SB and IAC SE."""
+        if suboption[0:1] == COM_PORT_OPTION:
+            if suboption[1:2] == SERVER_NOTIFY_LINESTATE and len(suboption) >= 3:
+                self._linestate = ord(suboption[2:3])  # ensure it is a number
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info("NOTIFY_LINESTATE: {}".format(self._linestate))
+            elif suboption[1:2] == SERVER_NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE and len(suboption) >= 3:
+                self._modemstate = ord(suboption[2:3])  # ensure it is a number
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info("NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE: {}".format(self._modemstate))
+                # update time when we think that a poll would make sense
+                self._modemstate_timeout.restart(0.3)
+            elif suboption[1:2] == FLOWCONTROL_SUSPEND:
+                self._remote_suspend_flow = True
+            elif suboption[1:2] == FLOWCONTROL_RESUME:
+                self._remote_suspend_flow = False
+            else:
+                for item in self._rfc2217_options.values():
+                    if item.ack_option == suboption[1:2]:
+                        #~ print "processing COM_PORT_OPTION: %r" % list(suboption[1:])
+                        item.check_answer(bytes(suboption[2:]))
+                        break
+                else:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.warning("ignoring COM_PORT_OPTION: {!r}".format(suboption))
+        else:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.warning("ignoring subnegotiation: {!r}".format(suboption))
+
+    # - outgoing telnet commands and options
+
+    def _internal_raw_write(self, data):
+        """internal socket write with no data escaping. used to send telnet stuff."""
+        with self._write_lock:
+            self._socket.sendall(data)
+
+    def telnet_send_option(self, action, option):
+        """Send DO, DONT, WILL, WONT."""
+        self._internal_raw_write(IAC + action + option)
+
+    def rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(self, option, value=b''):
+        """Subnegotiation of RFC2217 parameters."""
+        value = value.replace(IAC, IAC_DOUBLED)
+        self._internal_raw_write(IAC + SB + COM_PORT_OPTION + option + value + IAC + SE)
+
+    def rfc2217_send_purge(self, value):
+        """\
+        Send purge request to the remote.
+        (PURGE_RECEIVE_BUFFER / PURGE_TRANSMIT_BUFFER / PURGE_BOTH_BUFFERS)
+        """
+        item = self._rfc2217_options['purge']
+        item.set(value)  # transmit desired purge type
+        item.wait(self._network_timeout)  # wait for acknowledge from the server
+
+    def rfc2217_set_control(self, value):
+        """transmit change of control line to remote"""
+        item = self._rfc2217_options['control']
+        item.set(value)  # transmit desired control type
+        if self._ignore_set_control_answer:
+            # answers are ignored when option is set. compatibility mode for
+            # servers that answer, but not the expected one... (or no answer
+            # at all) i.e. sredird
+            time.sleep(0.1)  # this helps getting the unit tests passed
+        else:
+            item.wait(self._network_timeout)  # wait for acknowledge from the server
+
+    def rfc2217_flow_server_ready(self):
+        """\
+        check if server is ready to receive data. block for some time when
+        not.
+        """
+        #~ if self._remote_suspend_flow:
+        #~     wait---
+
+    def get_modem_state(self):
+        """\
+        get last modem state (cached value. If value is "old", request a new
+        one. This cache helps that we don't issue to many requests when e.g. all
+        status lines, one after the other is queried by the user (CTS, DSR
+        etc.)
+        """
+        # active modem state polling enabled? is the value fresh enough?
+        if self._poll_modem_state and self._modemstate_timeout.expired():
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug('polling modem state')
+            # when it is older, request an update
+            self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE)
+            timeout = Timeout(self._network_timeout)
+            while not timeout.expired():
+                time.sleep(0.05)    # prevent 100% CPU load
+                # when expiration time is updated, it means that there is a new
+                # value
+                if not self._modemstate_timeout.expired():
+                    break
+            else:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.warning('poll for modem state failed')
+            # even when there is a timeout, do not generate an error just
+            # return the last known value. this way we can support buggy
+            # servers that do not respond to polls, but send automatic
+            # updates.
+        if self._modemstate is not None:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug('using cached modem state')
+            return self._modemstate
+        else:
+            # never received a notification from the server
+            raise SerialException("remote sends no NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE")
+
+
+#############################################################################
+# The following is code that helps implementing an RFC 2217 server.
+
+class PortManager(object):
+    """\
+    This class manages the state of Telnet and RFC 2217. It needs a serial
+    instance and a connection to work with. Connection is expected to implement
+    a (thread safe) write function, that writes the string to the network.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, serial_port, connection, logger=None):
+        self.serial = serial_port
+        self.connection = connection
+        self.logger = logger
+        self._client_is_rfc2217 = False
+
+        # filter state machine
+        self.mode = M_NORMAL
+        self.suboption = None
+        self.telnet_command = None
+
+        # states for modem/line control events
+        self.modemstate_mask = 255
+        self.last_modemstate = None
+        self.linstate_mask = 0
+
+        # all supported telnet options
+        self._telnet_options = [
+            TelnetOption(self, 'ECHO', ECHO, WILL, WONT, DO, DONT, REQUESTED),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'we-SGA', SGA, WILL, WONT, DO, DONT, REQUESTED),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'they-SGA', SGA, DO, DONT, WILL, WONT, INACTIVE),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'we-BINARY', BINARY, WILL, WONT, DO, DONT, INACTIVE),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'they-BINARY', BINARY, DO, DONT, WILL, WONT, REQUESTED),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'we-RFC2217', COM_PORT_OPTION, WILL, WONT, DO, DONT, REQUESTED, self._client_ok),
+            TelnetOption(self, 'they-RFC2217', COM_PORT_OPTION, DO, DONT, WILL, WONT, INACTIVE, self._client_ok),
+        ]
+
+        # negotiate Telnet/RFC2217 -> send initial requests
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.debug("requesting initial Telnet/RFC 2217 options")
+        for option in self._telnet_options:
+            if option.state is REQUESTED:
+                self.telnet_send_option(option.send_yes, option.option)
+        # issue 1st modem state notification
+
+    def _client_ok(self):
+        """\
+        callback of telnet option. It gets called when option is activated.
+        This one here is used to detect when the client agrees on RFC 2217. A
+        flag is set so that other functions like check_modem_lines know if the
+        client is OK.
+        """
+        # The callback is used for we and they so if one party agrees, we're
+        # already happy. it seems not all servers do the negotiation correctly
+        # and i guess there are incorrect clients too.. so be happy if client
+        # answers one or the other positively.
+        self._client_is_rfc2217 = True
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info("client accepts RFC 2217")
+        # this is to ensure that the client gets a notification, even if there
+        # was no change
+        self.check_modem_lines(force_notification=True)
+
+    # - outgoing telnet commands and options
+
+    def telnet_send_option(self, action, option):
+        """Send DO, DONT, WILL, WONT."""
+        self.connection.write(IAC + action + option)
+
+    def rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(self, option, value=b''):
+        """Subnegotiation of RFC 2217 parameters."""
+        value = value.replace(IAC, IAC_DOUBLED)
+        self.connection.write(IAC + SB + COM_PORT_OPTION + option + value + IAC + SE)
+
+    # - check modem lines, needs to be called periodically from user to
+    # establish polling
+
+    def check_modem_lines(self, force_notification=False):
+        """\
+        read control lines from serial port and compare the last value sent to remote.
+        send updates on changes.
+        """
+        modemstate = (
+            (self.serial.cts and MODEMSTATE_MASK_CTS) |
+            (self.serial.dsr and MODEMSTATE_MASK_DSR) |
+            (self.serial.ri and MODEMSTATE_MASK_RI) |
+            (self.serial.cd and MODEMSTATE_MASK_CD))
+        # check what has changed
+        deltas = modemstate ^ (self.last_modemstate or 0)  # when last is None -> 0
+        if deltas & MODEMSTATE_MASK_CTS:
+            modemstate |= MODEMSTATE_MASK_CTS_CHANGE
+        if deltas & MODEMSTATE_MASK_DSR:
+            modemstate |= MODEMSTATE_MASK_DSR_CHANGE
+        if deltas & MODEMSTATE_MASK_RI:
+            modemstate |= MODEMSTATE_MASK_RI_CHANGE
+        if deltas & MODEMSTATE_MASK_CD:
+            modemstate |= MODEMSTATE_MASK_CD_CHANGE
+        # if new state is different and the mask allows this change, send
+        # notification. suppress notifications when client is not rfc2217
+        if modemstate != self.last_modemstate or force_notification:
+            if (self._client_is_rfc2217 and (modemstate & self.modemstate_mask)) or force_notification:
+                self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(
+                    SERVER_NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE,
+                    to_bytes([modemstate & self.modemstate_mask]))
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info("NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE: {}".format(modemstate))
+            # save last state, but forget about deltas.
+            # otherwise it would also notify about changing deltas which is
+            # probably not very useful
+            self.last_modemstate = modemstate & 0xf0
+
+    # - outgoing data escaping
+
+    def escape(self, data):
+        """\
+        This generator function is for the user. All outgoing data has to be
+        properly escaped, so that no IAC character in the data stream messes up
+        the Telnet state machine in the server.
+
+        socket.sendall(escape(data))
+        """
+        for byte in iterbytes(data):
+            if byte == IAC:
+                yield IAC
+                yield IAC
+            else:
+                yield byte
+
+    # - incoming data filter
+
+    def filter(self, data):
+        """\
+        Handle a bunch of incoming bytes. This is a generator. It will yield
+        all characters not of interest for Telnet/RFC 2217.
+
+        The idea is that the reader thread pushes data from the socket through
+        this filter:
+
+        for byte in filter(socket.recv(1024)):
+            # do things like CR/LF conversion/whatever
+            # and write data to the serial port
+            serial.write(byte)
+
+        (socket error handling code left as exercise for the reader)
+        """
+        for byte in iterbytes(data):
+            if self.mode == M_NORMAL:
+                # interpret as command or as data
+                if byte == IAC:
+                    self.mode = M_IAC_SEEN
+                else:
+                    # store data in sub option buffer or pass it to our
+                    # consumer depending on state
+                    if self.suboption is not None:
+                        self.suboption += byte
+                    else:
+                        yield byte
+            elif self.mode == M_IAC_SEEN:
+                if byte == IAC:
+                    # interpret as command doubled -> insert character
+                    # itself
+                    if self.suboption is not None:
+                        self.suboption += byte
+                    else:
+                        yield byte
+                    self.mode = M_NORMAL
+                elif byte == SB:
+                    # sub option start
+                    self.suboption = bytearray()
+                    self.mode = M_NORMAL
+                elif byte == SE:
+                    # sub option end -> process it now
+                    self._telnet_process_subnegotiation(bytes(self.suboption))
+                    self.suboption = None
+                    self.mode = M_NORMAL
+                elif byte in (DO, DONT, WILL, WONT):
+                    # negotiation
+                    self.telnet_command = byte
+                    self.mode = M_NEGOTIATE
+                else:
+                    # other telnet commands
+                    self._telnet_process_command(byte)
+                    self.mode = M_NORMAL
+            elif self.mode == M_NEGOTIATE:  # DO, DONT, WILL, WONT was received, option now following
+                self._telnet_negotiate_option(self.telnet_command, byte)
+                self.mode = M_NORMAL
+
+    # - incoming telnet commands and options
+
+    def _telnet_process_command(self, command):
+        """Process commands other than DO, DONT, WILL, WONT."""
+        # Currently none. RFC2217 only uses negotiation and subnegotiation.
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.warning("ignoring Telnet command: {!r}".format(command))
+
+    def _telnet_negotiate_option(self, command, option):
+        """Process incoming DO, DONT, WILL, WONT."""
+        # check our registered telnet options and forward command to them
+        # they know themselves if they have to answer or not
+        known = False
+        for item in self._telnet_options:
+            # can have more than one match! as some options are duplicated for
+            # 'us' and 'them'
+            if item.option == option:
+                item.process_incoming(command)
+                known = True
+        if not known:
+            # handle unknown options
+            # only answer to positive requests and deny them
+            if command == WILL or command == DO:
+                self.telnet_send_option((DONT if command == WILL else WONT), option)
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.warning("rejected Telnet option: {!r}".format(option))
+
+    def _telnet_process_subnegotiation(self, suboption):
+        """Process subnegotiation, the data between IAC SB and IAC SE."""
+        if suboption[0:1] == COM_PORT_OPTION:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.debug('received COM_PORT_OPTION: {!r}'.format(suboption))
+            if suboption[1:2] == SET_BAUDRATE:
+                backup = self.serial.baudrate
+                try:
+                    (baudrate,) = struct.unpack(b"!I", suboption[2:6])
+                    if baudrate != 0:
+                        self.serial.baudrate = baudrate
+                except ValueError as e:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.error("failed to set baud rate: {}".format(e))
+                    self.serial.baudrate = backup
+                else:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("{} baud rate: {}".format('set' if baudrate else 'get', self.serial.baudrate))
+                self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_BAUDRATE, struct.pack(b"!I", self.serial.baudrate))
+            elif suboption[1:2] == SET_DATASIZE:
+                backup = self.serial.bytesize
+                try:
+                    (datasize,) = struct.unpack(b"!B", suboption[2:3])
+                    if datasize != 0:
+                        self.serial.bytesize = datasize
+                except ValueError as e:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.error("failed to set data size: {}".format(e))
+                    self.serial.bytesize = backup
+                else:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("{} data size: {}".format('set' if datasize else 'get', self.serial.bytesize))
+                self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_DATASIZE, struct.pack(b"!B", self.serial.bytesize))
+            elif suboption[1:2] == SET_PARITY:
+                backup = self.serial.parity
+                try:
+                    parity = struct.unpack(b"!B", suboption[2:3])[0]
+                    if parity != 0:
+                        self.serial.parity = RFC2217_REVERSE_PARITY_MAP[parity]
+                except ValueError as e:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.error("failed to set parity: {}".format(e))
+                    self.serial.parity = backup
+                else:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("{} parity: {}".format('set' if parity else 'get', self.serial.parity))
+                self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(
+                    SERVER_SET_PARITY,
+                    struct.pack(b"!B", RFC2217_PARITY_MAP[self.serial.parity]))
+            elif suboption[1:2] == SET_STOPSIZE:
+                backup = self.serial.stopbits
+                try:
+                    stopbits = struct.unpack(b"!B", suboption[2:3])[0]
+                    if stopbits != 0:
+                        self.serial.stopbits = RFC2217_REVERSE_STOPBIT_MAP[stopbits]
+                except ValueError as e:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.error("failed to set stop bits: {}".format(e))
+                    self.serial.stopbits = backup
+                else:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("{} stop bits: {}".format('set' if stopbits else 'get', self.serial.stopbits))
+                self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(
+                    SERVER_SET_STOPSIZE,
+                    struct.pack(b"!B", RFC2217_STOPBIT_MAP[self.serial.stopbits]))
+            elif suboption[1:2] == SET_CONTROL:
+                if suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_REQ_FLOW_SETTING:
+                    if self.serial.xonxoff:
+                        self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_USE_SW_FLOW_CONTROL)
+                    elif self.serial.rtscts:
+                        self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_USE_HW_FLOW_CONTROL)
+                    else:
+                        self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_USE_NO_FLOW_CONTROL)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_USE_NO_FLOW_CONTROL:
+                    self.serial.xonxoff = False
+                    self.serial.rtscts = False
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("changed flow control to None")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_USE_NO_FLOW_CONTROL)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_USE_SW_FLOW_CONTROL:
+                    self.serial.xonxoff = True
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("changed flow control to XON/XOFF")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_USE_SW_FLOW_CONTROL)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_USE_HW_FLOW_CONTROL:
+                    self.serial.rtscts = True
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("changed flow control to RTS/CTS")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_USE_HW_FLOW_CONTROL)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_REQ_BREAK_STATE:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.warning("requested break state - not implemented")
+                    pass  # XXX needs cached value
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_BREAK_ON:
+                    self.serial.break_condition = True
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("changed BREAK to active")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_BREAK_ON)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_BREAK_OFF:
+                    self.serial.break_condition = False
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("changed BREAK to inactive")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_BREAK_OFF)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_REQ_DTR:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.warning("requested DTR state - not implemented")
+                    pass  # XXX needs cached value
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_DTR_ON:
+                    self.serial.dtr = True
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("changed DTR to active")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_DTR_ON)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_DTR_OFF:
+                    self.serial.dtr = False
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("changed DTR to inactive")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_DTR_OFF)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_REQ_RTS:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.warning("requested RTS state - not implemented")
+                    pass  # XXX needs cached value
+                    #~ self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_RTS_ON)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_RTS_ON:
+                    self.serial.rts = True
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("changed RTS to active")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_RTS_ON)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_RTS_OFF:
+                    self.serial.rts = False
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("changed RTS to inactive")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_SET_CONTROL, SET_CONTROL_RTS_OFF)
+                #~ elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_REQ_FLOW_SETTING_IN:
+                #~ elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_USE_NO_FLOW_CONTROL_IN:
+                #~ elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_USE_SW_FLOW_CONTOL_IN:
+                #~ elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_USE_HW_FLOW_CONTOL_IN:
+                #~ elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_USE_DCD_FLOW_CONTROL:
+                #~ elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_USE_DTR_FLOW_CONTROL:
+                #~ elif suboption[2:3] == SET_CONTROL_USE_DSR_FLOW_CONTROL:
+            elif suboption[1:2] == NOTIFY_LINESTATE:
+                # client polls for current state
+                self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(
+                    SERVER_NOTIFY_LINESTATE,
+                    to_bytes([0]))   # sorry, nothing like that implemented
+            elif suboption[1:2] == NOTIFY_MODEMSTATE:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info("request for modem state")
+                # client polls for current state
+                self.check_modem_lines(force_notification=True)
+            elif suboption[1:2] == FLOWCONTROL_SUSPEND:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info("suspend")
+                self._remote_suspend_flow = True
+            elif suboption[1:2] == FLOWCONTROL_RESUME:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info("resume")
+                self._remote_suspend_flow = False
+            elif suboption[1:2] == SET_LINESTATE_MASK:
+                self.linstate_mask = ord(suboption[2:3])  # ensure it is a number
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info("line state mask: 0x{:02x}".format(self.linstate_mask))
+            elif suboption[1:2] == SET_MODEMSTATE_MASK:
+                self.modemstate_mask = ord(suboption[2:3])  # ensure it is a number
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info("modem state mask: 0x{:02x}".format(self.modemstate_mask))
+            elif suboption[1:2] == PURGE_DATA:
+                if suboption[2:3] == PURGE_RECEIVE_BUFFER:
+                    self.serial.reset_input_buffer()
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("purge in")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_PURGE_DATA, PURGE_RECEIVE_BUFFER)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == PURGE_TRANSMIT_BUFFER:
+                    self.serial.reset_output_buffer()
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("purge out")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_PURGE_DATA, PURGE_TRANSMIT_BUFFER)
+                elif suboption[2:3] == PURGE_BOTH_BUFFERS:
+                    self.serial.reset_input_buffer()
+                    self.serial.reset_output_buffer()
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.info("purge both")
+                    self.rfc2217_send_subnegotiation(SERVER_PURGE_DATA, PURGE_BOTH_BUFFERS)
+                else:
+                    if self.logger:
+                        self.logger.error("undefined PURGE_DATA: {!r}".format(list(suboption[2:])))
+            else:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.error("undefined COM_PORT_OPTION: {!r}".format(list(suboption[1:])))
+        else:
+            if self.logger:
+                self.logger.warning("unknown subnegotiation: {!r}".format(suboption))
+
+
+# simple client test
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    s = Serial('rfc2217://localhost:7000', 115200)
+    sys.stdout.write('{}\n'.format(s))
+
+    sys.stdout.write("write...\n")
+    s.write(b"hello\n")
+    s.flush()
+    sys.stdout.write("read: {}\n".format(s.read(5)))
+    s.close()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/rs485.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/rs485.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7aff6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/rs485.py
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+# RS485 support
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+"""\
+The settings for RS485 are stored in a dedicated object that can be applied to
+serial ports (where supported).
+NOTE: Some implementations may only support a subset of the settings.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import time
+import serial
+
+
+class RS485Settings(object):
+    def __init__(
+            self,
+            rts_level_for_tx=True,
+            rts_level_for_rx=False,
+            loopback=False,
+            delay_before_tx=None,
+            delay_before_rx=None):
+        self.rts_level_for_tx = rts_level_for_tx
+        self.rts_level_for_rx = rts_level_for_rx
+        self.loopback = loopback
+        self.delay_before_tx = delay_before_tx
+        self.delay_before_rx = delay_before_rx
+
+
+class RS485(serial.Serial):
+    """\
+    A subclass that replaces the write method with one that toggles RTS
+    according to the RS485 settings.
+
+    NOTE: This may work unreliably on some serial ports (control signals not
+          synchronized or delayed compared to data). Using delays may be
+          unreliable (varying times, larger than expected) as the OS may not
+          support very fine grained delays (no smaller than in the order of
+          tens of milliseconds).
+
+    NOTE: Some implementations support this natively. Better performance
+          can be expected when the native version is used.
+
+    NOTE: The loopback property is ignored by this implementation. The actual
+          behavior depends on the used hardware.
+
+    Usage:
+
+        ser = RS485(...)
+        ser.rs485_mode = RS485Settings(...)
+        ser.write(b'hello')
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(RS485, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self._alternate_rs485_settings = None
+
+    def write(self, b):
+        """Write to port, controlling RTS before and after transmitting."""
+        if self._alternate_rs485_settings is not None:
+            # apply level for TX and optional delay
+            self.setRTS(self._alternate_rs485_settings.rts_level_for_tx)
+            if self._alternate_rs485_settings.delay_before_tx is not None:
+                time.sleep(self._alternate_rs485_settings.delay_before_tx)
+            # write and wait for data to be written
+            super(RS485, self).write(b)
+            super(RS485, self).flush()
+            # optional delay and apply level for RX
+            if self._alternate_rs485_settings.delay_before_rx is not None:
+                time.sleep(self._alternate_rs485_settings.delay_before_rx)
+            self.setRTS(self._alternate_rs485_settings.rts_level_for_rx)
+        else:
+            super(RS485, self).write(b)
+
+    # redirect where the property stores the settings so that underlying Serial
+    # instance does not see them
+    @property
+    def rs485_mode(self):
+        """\
+        Enable RS485 mode and apply new settings, set to None to disable.
+        See serial.rs485.RS485Settings for more info about the value.
+        """
+        return self._alternate_rs485_settings
+
+    @rs485_mode.setter
+    def rs485_mode(self, rs485_settings):
+        self._alternate_rs485_settings = rs485_settings
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialcli.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialcli.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4614736
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialcli.py
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+#! python
+#
+# Backend for .NET/Mono (IronPython), .NET >= 2
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2008-2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import System
+import System.IO.Ports
+from serial.serialutil import *
+
+# must invoke function with byte array, make a helper to convert strings
+# to byte arrays
+sab = System.Array[System.Byte]
+
+
+def as_byte_array(string):
+    return sab([ord(x) for x in string])  # XXX will require adaption when run with a 3.x compatible IronPython
+
+
+class Serial(SerialBase):
+    """Serial port implementation for .NET/Mono."""
+
+    BAUDRATES = (50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800,
+                 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200)
+
+    def open(self):
+        """\
+        Open port with current settings. This may throw a SerialException
+        if the port cannot be opened.
+        """
+        if self._port is None:
+            raise SerialException("Port must be configured before it can be used.")
+        if self.is_open:
+            raise SerialException("Port is already open.")
+        try:
+            self._port_handle = System.IO.Ports.SerialPort(self.portstr)
+        except Exception as msg:
+            self._port_handle = None
+            raise SerialException("could not open port %s: %s" % (self.portstr, msg))
+
+        # if RTS and/or DTR are not set before open, they default to True
+        if self._rts_state is None:
+            self._rts_state = True
+        if self._dtr_state is None:
+            self._dtr_state = True
+
+        self._reconfigure_port()
+        self._port_handle.Open()
+        self.is_open = True
+        if not self._dsrdtr:
+            self._update_dtr_state()
+        if not self._rtscts:
+            self._update_rts_state()
+        self.reset_input_buffer()
+
+    def _reconfigure_port(self):
+        """Set communication parameters on opened port."""
+        if not self._port_handle:
+            raise SerialException("Can only operate on a valid port handle")
+
+        #~ self._port_handle.ReceivedBytesThreshold = 1
+
+        if self._timeout is None:
+            self._port_handle.ReadTimeout = System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.InfiniteTimeout
+        else:
+            self._port_handle.ReadTimeout = int(self._timeout * 1000)
+
+        # if self._timeout != 0 and self._interCharTimeout is not None:
+            # timeouts = (int(self._interCharTimeout * 1000),) + timeouts[1:]
+
+        if self._write_timeout is None:
+            self._port_handle.WriteTimeout = System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.InfiniteTimeout
+        else:
+            self._port_handle.WriteTimeout = int(self._write_timeout * 1000)
+
+        # Setup the connection info.
+        try:
+            self._port_handle.BaudRate = self._baudrate
+        except IOError as e:
+            # catch errors from illegal baudrate settings
+            raise ValueError(str(e))
+
+        if self._bytesize == FIVEBITS:
+            self._port_handle.DataBits = 5
+        elif self._bytesize == SIXBITS:
+            self._port_handle.DataBits = 6
+        elif self._bytesize == SEVENBITS:
+            self._port_handle.DataBits = 7
+        elif self._bytesize == EIGHTBITS:
+            self._port_handle.DataBits = 8
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unsupported number of data bits: %r" % self._bytesize)
+
+        if self._parity == PARITY_NONE:
+            self._port_handle.Parity = getattr(System.IO.Ports.Parity, 'None')  # reserved keyword in Py3k
+        elif self._parity == PARITY_EVEN:
+            self._port_handle.Parity = System.IO.Ports.Parity.Even
+        elif self._parity == PARITY_ODD:
+            self._port_handle.Parity = System.IO.Ports.Parity.Odd
+        elif self._parity == PARITY_MARK:
+            self._port_handle.Parity = System.IO.Ports.Parity.Mark
+        elif self._parity == PARITY_SPACE:
+            self._port_handle.Parity = System.IO.Ports.Parity.Space
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unsupported parity mode: %r" % self._parity)
+
+        if self._stopbits == STOPBITS_ONE:
+            self._port_handle.StopBits = System.IO.Ports.StopBits.One
+        elif self._stopbits == STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE:
+            self._port_handle.StopBits = System.IO.Ports.StopBits.OnePointFive
+        elif self._stopbits == STOPBITS_TWO:
+            self._port_handle.StopBits = System.IO.Ports.StopBits.Two
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unsupported number of stop bits: %r" % self._stopbits)
+
+        if self._rtscts and self._xonxoff:
+            self._port_handle.Handshake = System.IO.Ports.Handshake.RequestToSendXOnXOff
+        elif self._rtscts:
+            self._port_handle.Handshake = System.IO.Ports.Handshake.RequestToSend
+        elif self._xonxoff:
+            self._port_handle.Handshake = System.IO.Ports.Handshake.XOnXOff
+        else:
+            self._port_handle.Handshake = getattr(System.IO.Ports.Handshake, 'None')   # reserved keyword in Py3k
+
+    #~ def __del__(self):
+        #~ self.close()
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close port"""
+        if self.is_open:
+            if self._port_handle:
+                try:
+                    self._port_handle.Close()
+                except System.IO.Ports.InvalidOperationException:
+                    # ignore errors. can happen for unplugged USB serial devices
+                    pass
+                self._port_handle = None
+            self.is_open = False
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    @property
+    def in_waiting(self):
+        """Return the number of characters currently in the input buffer."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return self._port_handle.BytesToRead
+
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        """\
+        Read size bytes from the serial port. If a timeout is set it may
+        return less characters as requested. With no timeout it will block
+        until the requested number of bytes is read.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        # must use single byte reads as this is the only way to read
+        # without applying encodings
+        data = bytearray()
+        while size:
+            try:
+                data.append(self._port_handle.ReadByte())
+            except System.TimeoutException:
+                break
+            else:
+                size -= 1
+        return bytes(data)
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        """Output the given string over the serial port."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        #~ if not isinstance(data, (bytes, bytearray)):
+            #~ raise TypeError('expected %s or bytearray, got %s' % (bytes, type(data)))
+        try:
+            # must call overloaded method with byte array argument
+            # as this is the only one not applying encodings
+            self._port_handle.Write(as_byte_array(data), 0, len(data))
+        except System.TimeoutException:
+            raise SerialTimeoutException('Write timeout')
+        return len(data)
+
+    def reset_input_buffer(self):
+        """Clear input buffer, discarding all that is in the buffer."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self._port_handle.DiscardInBuffer()
+
+    def reset_output_buffer(self):
+        """\
+        Clear output buffer, aborting the current output and
+        discarding all that is in the buffer.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self._port_handle.DiscardOutBuffer()
+
+    def _update_break_state(self):
+        """
+        Set break: Controls TXD. When active, to transmitting is possible.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self._port_handle.BreakState = bool(self._break_state)
+
+    def _update_rts_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Request To Send"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self._port_handle.RtsEnable = bool(self._rts_state)
+
+    def _update_dtr_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Data Terminal Ready"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self._port_handle.DtrEnable = bool(self._dtr_state)
+
+    @property
+    def cts(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Clear To Send"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return self._port_handle.CtsHolding
+
+    @property
+    def dsr(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Data Set Ready"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return self._port_handle.DsrHolding
+
+    @property
+    def ri(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Ring Indicator"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        #~ return self._port_handle.XXX
+        return False  # XXX an error would be better
+
+    @property
+    def cd(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Carrier Detect"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return self._port_handle.CDHolding
+
+    # - - platform specific - - - -
+    # none
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialjava.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialjava.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0789a78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialjava.py
@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+#!jython
+#
+# Backend Jython with JavaComm
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2002-2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from serial.serialutil import *
+
+
+def my_import(name):
+    mod = __import__(name)
+    components = name.split('.')
+    for comp in components[1:]:
+        mod = getattr(mod, comp)
+    return mod
+
+
+def detect_java_comm(names):
+    """try given list of modules and return that imports"""
+    for name in names:
+        try:
+            mod = my_import(name)
+            mod.SerialPort
+            return mod
+        except (ImportError, AttributeError):
+            pass
+    raise ImportError("No Java Communications API implementation found")
+
+
+# Java Communications API implementations
+# http://mho.republika.pl/java/comm/
+
+comm = detect_java_comm([
+    'javax.comm',  # Sun/IBM
+    'gnu.io',      # RXTX
+])
+
+
+def device(portnumber):
+    """Turn a port number into a device name"""
+    enum = comm.CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers()
+    ports = []
+    while enum.hasMoreElements():
+        el = enum.nextElement()
+        if el.getPortType() == comm.CommPortIdentifier.PORT_SERIAL:
+            ports.append(el)
+    return ports[portnumber].getName()
+
+
+class Serial(SerialBase):
+    """\
+    Serial port class, implemented with Java Communications API and
+    thus usable with jython and the appropriate java extension.
+    """
+
+    def open(self):
+        """\
+        Open port with current settings. This may throw a SerialException
+        if the port cannot be opened.
+        """
+        if self._port is None:
+            raise SerialException("Port must be configured before it can be used.")
+        if self.is_open:
+            raise SerialException("Port is already open.")
+        if type(self._port) == type(''):      # strings are taken directly
+            portId = comm.CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifier(self._port)
+        else:
+            portId = comm.CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifier(device(self._port))     # numbers are transformed to a comport id obj
+        try:
+            self.sPort = portId.open("python serial module", 10)
+        except Exception as msg:
+            self.sPort = None
+            raise SerialException("Could not open port: %s" % msg)
+        self._reconfigurePort()
+        self._instream = self.sPort.getInputStream()
+        self._outstream = self.sPort.getOutputStream()
+        self.is_open = True
+
+    def _reconfigurePort(self):
+        """Set communication parameters on opened port."""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise SerialException("Can only operate on a valid port handle")
+
+        self.sPort.enableReceiveTimeout(30)
+        if self._bytesize == FIVEBITS:
+            jdatabits = comm.SerialPort.DATABITS_5
+        elif self._bytesize == SIXBITS:
+            jdatabits = comm.SerialPort.DATABITS_6
+        elif self._bytesize == SEVENBITS:
+            jdatabits = comm.SerialPort.DATABITS_7
+        elif self._bytesize == EIGHTBITS:
+            jdatabits = comm.SerialPort.DATABITS_8
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("unsupported bytesize: %r" % self._bytesize)
+
+        if self._stopbits == STOPBITS_ONE:
+            jstopbits = comm.SerialPort.STOPBITS_1
+        elif self._stopbits == STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE:
+            jstopbits = comm.SerialPort.STOPBITS_1_5
+        elif self._stopbits == STOPBITS_TWO:
+            jstopbits = comm.SerialPort.STOPBITS_2
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("unsupported number of stopbits: %r" % self._stopbits)
+
+        if self._parity == PARITY_NONE:
+            jparity = comm.SerialPort.PARITY_NONE
+        elif self._parity == PARITY_EVEN:
+            jparity = comm.SerialPort.PARITY_EVEN
+        elif self._parity == PARITY_ODD:
+            jparity = comm.SerialPort.PARITY_ODD
+        elif self._parity == PARITY_MARK:
+            jparity = comm.SerialPort.PARITY_MARK
+        elif self._parity == PARITY_SPACE:
+            jparity = comm.SerialPort.PARITY_SPACE
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("unsupported parity type: %r" % self._parity)
+
+        jflowin = jflowout = 0
+        if self._rtscts:
+            jflowin |= comm.SerialPort.FLOWCONTROL_RTSCTS_IN
+            jflowout |= comm.SerialPort.FLOWCONTROL_RTSCTS_OUT
+        if self._xonxoff:
+            jflowin |= comm.SerialPort.FLOWCONTROL_XONXOFF_IN
+            jflowout |= comm.SerialPort.FLOWCONTROL_XONXOFF_OUT
+
+        self.sPort.setSerialPortParams(self._baudrate, jdatabits, jstopbits, jparity)
+        self.sPort.setFlowControlMode(jflowin | jflowout)
+
+        if self._timeout >= 0:
+            self.sPort.enableReceiveTimeout(int(self._timeout*1000))
+        else:
+            self.sPort.disableReceiveTimeout()
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close port"""
+        if self.is_open:
+            if self.sPort:
+                self._instream.close()
+                self._outstream.close()
+                self.sPort.close()
+                self.sPort = None
+            self.is_open = False
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    @property
+    def in_waiting(self):
+        """Return the number of characters currently in the input buffer."""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return self._instream.available()
+
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        """\
+        Read size bytes from the serial port. If a timeout is set it may
+        return less characters as requested. With no timeout it will block
+        until the requested number of bytes is read.
+        """
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        read = bytearray()
+        if size > 0:
+            while len(read) < size:
+                x = self._instream.read()
+                if x == -1:
+                    if self.timeout >= 0:
+                        break
+                else:
+                    read.append(x)
+        return bytes(read)
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        """Output the given string over the serial port."""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if not isinstance(data, (bytes, bytearray)):
+            raise TypeError('expected %s or bytearray, got %s' % (bytes, type(data)))
+        self._outstream.write(data)
+        return len(data)
+
+    def reset_input_buffer(self):
+        """Clear input buffer, discarding all that is in the buffer."""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self._instream.skip(self._instream.available())
+
+    def reset_output_buffer(self):
+        """\
+        Clear output buffer, aborting the current output and
+        discarding all that is in the buffer.
+        """
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self._outstream.flush()
+
+    def send_break(self, duration=0.25):
+        """Send break condition. Timed, returns to idle state after given duration."""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self.sPort.sendBreak(duration*1000.0)
+
+    def _update_break_state(self):
+        """Set break: Controls TXD. When active, to transmitting is possible."""
+        if self.fd is None:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        raise SerialException("The _update_break_state function is not implemented in java.")
+
+    def _update_rts_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Request To Send"""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self.sPort.setRTS(self._rts_state)
+
+    def _update_dtr_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Data Terminal Ready"""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self.sPort.setDTR(self._dtr_state)
+
+    @property
+    def cts(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Clear To Send"""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self.sPort.isCTS()
+
+    @property
+    def dsr(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Data Set Ready"""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self.sPort.isDSR()
+
+    @property
+    def ri(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Ring Indicator"""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self.sPort.isRI()
+
+    @property
+    def cd(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Carrier Detect"""
+        if not self.sPort:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self.sPort.isCD()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialposix.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialposix.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7aceb76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialposix.py
@@ -0,0 +1,900 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# backend for serial IO for POSIX compatible systems, like Linux, OSX
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2001-2020 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+#
+# parts based on code from Grant B. Edwards  <grante@visi.com>:
+#  ftp://ftp.visi.com/users/grante/python/PosixSerial.py
+#
+# references: http://www.easysw.com/~mike/serial/serial.html
+
+# Collection of port names (was previously used by number_to_device which was
+# removed.
+# - Linux                   /dev/ttyS%d (confirmed)
+# - cygwin/win32            /dev/com%d (confirmed)
+# - openbsd (OpenBSD)       /dev/cua%02d
+# - bsd*, freebsd*          /dev/cuad%d
+# - darwin (OS X)           /dev/cuad%d
+# - netbsd                  /dev/dty%02d (NetBSD 1.6 testing by Erk)
+# - irix (IRIX)             /dev/ttyf%d (partially tested) names depending on flow control
+# - hp (HP-UX)              /dev/tty%dp0 (not tested)
+# - sunos (Solaris/SunOS)   /dev/tty%c (letters, 'a'..'z') (confirmed)
+# - aix (AIX)               /dev/tty%d
+
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+# pylint: disable=abstract-method
+import errno
+import fcntl
+import os
+import select
+import struct
+import sys
+import termios
+
+import serial
+from serial.serialutil import SerialBase, SerialException, to_bytes, \
+    PortNotOpenError, SerialTimeoutException, Timeout
+
+
+class PlatformSpecificBase(object):
+    BAUDRATE_CONSTANTS = {}
+
+    def _set_special_baudrate(self, baudrate):
+        raise NotImplementedError('non-standard baudrates are not supported on this platform')
+
+    def _set_rs485_mode(self, rs485_settings):
+        raise NotImplementedError('RS485 not supported on this platform')
+
+    def set_low_latency_mode(self, low_latency_settings):
+        raise NotImplementedError('Low latency not supported on this platform')
+
+    def _update_break_state(self):
+        """\
+        Set break: Controls TXD. When active, no transmitting is possible.
+        """
+        if self._break_state:
+            fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCSBRK)
+        else:
+            fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCCBRK)
+    
+
+# some systems support an extra flag to enable the two in POSIX unsupported
+# paritiy settings for MARK and SPACE
+CMSPAR = 0  # default, for unsupported platforms, override below
+
+# try to detect the OS so that a device can be selected...
+# this code block should supply a device() and set_special_baudrate() function
+# for the platform
+plat = sys.platform.lower()
+
+if plat[:5] == 'linux':    # Linux (confirmed)  # noqa
+    import array
+
+    # extra termios flags
+    CMSPAR = 0o10000000000  # Use "stick" (mark/space) parity
+
+    # baudrate ioctls
+    TCGETS2 = 0x802C542A
+    TCSETS2 = 0x402C542B
+    BOTHER = 0o010000
+
+    # RS485 ioctls
+    TIOCGRS485 = 0x542E
+    TIOCSRS485 = 0x542F
+    SER_RS485_ENABLED = 0b00000001
+    SER_RS485_RTS_ON_SEND = 0b00000010
+    SER_RS485_RTS_AFTER_SEND = 0b00000100
+    SER_RS485_RX_DURING_TX = 0b00010000
+
+    class PlatformSpecific(PlatformSpecificBase):
+        BAUDRATE_CONSTANTS = {
+            0:       0o000000,  # hang up
+            50:      0o000001,
+            75:      0o000002,
+            110:     0o000003,
+            134:     0o000004,
+            150:     0o000005,
+            200:     0o000006,
+            300:     0o000007,
+            600:     0o000010,
+            1200:    0o000011,
+            1800:    0o000012,
+            2400:    0o000013,
+            4800:    0o000014,
+            9600:    0o000015,
+            19200:   0o000016,
+            38400:   0o000017,
+            57600:   0o010001,
+            115200:  0o010002,
+            230400:  0o010003,
+            460800:  0o010004,
+            500000:  0o010005,
+            576000:  0o010006,
+            921600:  0o010007,
+            1000000: 0o010010,
+            1152000: 0o010011,
+            1500000: 0o010012,
+            2000000: 0o010013,
+            2500000: 0o010014,
+            3000000: 0o010015,
+            3500000: 0o010016,
+            4000000: 0o010017
+        }
+
+        def set_low_latency_mode(self, low_latency_settings):
+            buf = array.array('i', [0] * 32)
+
+            try:
+                # get serial_struct
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, termios.TIOCGSERIAL, buf)
+
+                # set or unset ASYNC_LOW_LATENCY flag
+                if low_latency_settings:
+                    buf[4] |= 0x2000
+                else:
+                    buf[4] &= ~0x2000
+
+                # set serial_struct
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, termios.TIOCSSERIAL, buf)
+            except IOError as e:
+                raise ValueError('Failed to update ASYNC_LOW_LATENCY flag to {}: {}'.format(low_latency_settings, e))
+
+        def _set_special_baudrate(self, baudrate):
+            # right size is 44 on x86_64, allow for some growth
+            buf = array.array('i', [0] * 64)
+            try:
+                # get serial_struct
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TCGETS2, buf)
+                # set custom speed
+                buf[2] &= ~termios.CBAUD
+                buf[2] |= BOTHER
+                buf[9] = buf[10] = baudrate
+
+                # set serial_struct
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TCSETS2, buf)
+            except IOError as e:
+                raise ValueError('Failed to set custom baud rate ({}): {}'.format(baudrate, e))
+
+        def _set_rs485_mode(self, rs485_settings):
+            buf = array.array('i', [0] * 8)  # flags, delaytx, delayrx, padding
+            try:
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCGRS485, buf)
+                buf[0] |= SER_RS485_ENABLED
+                if rs485_settings is not None:
+                    if rs485_settings.loopback:
+                        buf[0] |= SER_RS485_RX_DURING_TX
+                    else:
+                        buf[0] &= ~SER_RS485_RX_DURING_TX
+                    if rs485_settings.rts_level_for_tx:
+                        buf[0] |= SER_RS485_RTS_ON_SEND
+                    else:
+                        buf[0] &= ~SER_RS485_RTS_ON_SEND
+                    if rs485_settings.rts_level_for_rx:
+                        buf[0] |= SER_RS485_RTS_AFTER_SEND
+                    else:
+                        buf[0] &= ~SER_RS485_RTS_AFTER_SEND
+                    if rs485_settings.delay_before_tx is not None:
+                        buf[1] = int(rs485_settings.delay_before_tx * 1000)
+                    if rs485_settings.delay_before_rx is not None:
+                        buf[2] = int(rs485_settings.delay_before_rx * 1000)
+                else:
+                    buf[0] = 0  # clear SER_RS485_ENABLED
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCSRS485, buf)
+            except IOError as e:
+                raise ValueError('Failed to set RS485 mode: {}'.format(e))
+
+
+elif plat == 'cygwin':       # cygwin/win32 (confirmed)
+
+    class PlatformSpecific(PlatformSpecificBase):
+        BAUDRATE_CONSTANTS = {
+            128000: 0x01003,
+            256000: 0x01005,
+            500000: 0x01007,
+            576000: 0x01008,
+            921600: 0x01009,
+            1000000: 0x0100a,
+            1152000: 0x0100b,
+            1500000: 0x0100c,
+            2000000: 0x0100d,
+            2500000: 0x0100e,
+            3000000: 0x0100f
+        }
+
+
+elif plat[:6] == 'darwin':   # OS X
+    import array
+    IOSSIOSPEED = 0x80045402  # _IOW('T', 2, speed_t)
+
+    class PlatformSpecific(PlatformSpecificBase):
+        osx_version = os.uname()[2].split('.')
+        TIOCSBRK = 0x2000747B # _IO('t', 123)
+        TIOCCBRK = 0x2000747A # _IO('t', 122)
+
+        # Tiger or above can support arbitrary serial speeds
+        if int(osx_version[0]) >= 8:
+            def _set_special_baudrate(self, baudrate):
+                # use IOKit-specific call to set up high speeds
+                buf = array.array('i', [baudrate])
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, IOSSIOSPEED, buf, 1)
+
+        def _update_break_state(self):
+            """\
+            Set break: Controls TXD. When active, no transmitting is possible.
+            """
+            if self._break_state:
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, PlatformSpecific.TIOCSBRK)
+            else:
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, PlatformSpecific.TIOCCBRK)
+
+elif plat[:3] == 'bsd' or \
+     plat[:7] == 'freebsd' or \
+     plat[:6] == 'netbsd' or \
+     plat[:7] == 'openbsd':
+
+    class ReturnBaudrate(object):
+        def __getitem__(self, key):
+            return key
+
+    class PlatformSpecific(PlatformSpecificBase):
+        # Only tested on FreeBSD:
+        # The baud rate may be passed in as
+        # a literal value.
+        BAUDRATE_CONSTANTS = ReturnBaudrate()
+
+        TIOCSBRK = 0x2000747B # _IO('t', 123)
+        TIOCCBRK = 0x2000747A # _IO('t', 122)
+
+        
+        def _update_break_state(self):
+            """\
+            Set break: Controls TXD. When active, no transmitting is possible.
+            """
+            if self._break_state:
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, PlatformSpecific.TIOCSBRK)
+            else:
+                fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, PlatformSpecific.TIOCCBRK)
+
+else:
+    class PlatformSpecific(PlatformSpecificBase):
+        pass
+
+
+# load some constants for later use.
+# try to use values from termios, use defaults from linux otherwise
+TIOCMGET = getattr(termios, 'TIOCMGET', 0x5415)
+TIOCMBIS = getattr(termios, 'TIOCMBIS', 0x5416)
+TIOCMBIC = getattr(termios, 'TIOCMBIC', 0x5417)
+TIOCMSET = getattr(termios, 'TIOCMSET', 0x5418)
+
+# TIOCM_LE = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_LE', 0x001)
+TIOCM_DTR = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_DTR', 0x002)
+TIOCM_RTS = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_RTS', 0x004)
+# TIOCM_ST = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_ST', 0x008)
+# TIOCM_SR = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_SR', 0x010)
+
+TIOCM_CTS = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_CTS', 0x020)
+TIOCM_CAR = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_CAR', 0x040)
+TIOCM_RNG = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_RNG', 0x080)
+TIOCM_DSR = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_DSR', 0x100)
+TIOCM_CD = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_CD', TIOCM_CAR)
+TIOCM_RI = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_RI', TIOCM_RNG)
+# TIOCM_OUT1 = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_OUT1', 0x2000)
+# TIOCM_OUT2 = getattr(termios, 'TIOCM_OUT2', 0x4000)
+if hasattr(termios, 'TIOCINQ'):
+    TIOCINQ = termios.TIOCINQ
+else:
+    TIOCINQ = getattr(termios, 'FIONREAD', 0x541B)
+TIOCOUTQ = getattr(termios, 'TIOCOUTQ', 0x5411)
+
+TIOCM_zero_str = struct.pack('I', 0)
+TIOCM_RTS_str = struct.pack('I', TIOCM_RTS)
+TIOCM_DTR_str = struct.pack('I', TIOCM_DTR)
+
+TIOCSBRK = getattr(termios, 'TIOCSBRK', 0x5427)
+TIOCCBRK = getattr(termios, 'TIOCCBRK', 0x5428)
+
+
+class Serial(SerialBase, PlatformSpecific):
+    """\
+    Serial port class POSIX implementation. Serial port configuration is
+    done with termios and fcntl. Runs on Linux and many other Un*x like
+    systems.
+    """
+
+    def open(self):
+        """\
+        Open port with current settings. This may throw a SerialException
+        if the port cannot be opened."""
+        if self._port is None:
+            raise SerialException("Port must be configured before it can be used.")
+        if self.is_open:
+            raise SerialException("Port is already open.")
+        self.fd = None
+        # open
+        try:
+            self.fd = os.open(self.portstr, os.O_RDWR | os.O_NOCTTY | os.O_NONBLOCK)
+        except OSError as msg:
+            self.fd = None
+            raise SerialException(msg.errno, "could not open port {}: {}".format(self._port, msg))
+        #~ fcntl.fcntl(self.fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, 0)  # set blocking
+
+        self.pipe_abort_read_r, self.pipe_abort_read_w = None, None
+        self.pipe_abort_write_r, self.pipe_abort_write_w = None, None
+
+        try:
+            self._reconfigure_port(force_update=True)
+
+            try:
+                if not self._dsrdtr:
+                    self._update_dtr_state()
+                if not self._rtscts:
+                    self._update_rts_state()
+            except IOError as e:
+                # ignore Invalid argument and Inappropriate ioctl
+                if e.errno not in (errno.EINVAL, errno.ENOTTY):
+                    raise
+
+            self._reset_input_buffer()
+
+            self.pipe_abort_read_r, self.pipe_abort_read_w = os.pipe()
+            self.pipe_abort_write_r, self.pipe_abort_write_w = os.pipe()
+            fcntl.fcntl(self.pipe_abort_read_r, fcntl.F_SETFL, os.O_NONBLOCK)
+            fcntl.fcntl(self.pipe_abort_write_r, fcntl.F_SETFL, os.O_NONBLOCK)
+        except BaseException:
+            try:
+                os.close(self.fd)
+            except Exception:
+                # ignore any exception when closing the port
+                # also to keep original exception that happened when setting up
+                pass
+            self.fd = None
+
+            if self.pipe_abort_read_w is not None:
+                os.close(self.pipe_abort_read_w)
+                self.pipe_abort_read_w = None
+            if self.pipe_abort_read_r is not None:
+                os.close(self.pipe_abort_read_r)
+                self.pipe_abort_read_r = None
+            if self.pipe_abort_write_w is not None:
+                os.close(self.pipe_abort_write_w)
+                self.pipe_abort_write_w = None
+            if self.pipe_abort_write_r is not None:
+                os.close(self.pipe_abort_write_r)
+                self.pipe_abort_write_r = None
+
+            raise
+
+        self.is_open = True
+
+    def _reconfigure_port(self, force_update=False):
+        """Set communication parameters on opened port."""
+        if self.fd is None:
+            raise SerialException("Can only operate on a valid file descriptor")
+
+        # if exclusive lock is requested, create it before we modify anything else
+        if self._exclusive is not None:
+            if self._exclusive:
+                try:
+                    fcntl.flock(self.fd, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
+                except IOError as msg:
+                    raise SerialException(msg.errno, "Could not exclusively lock port {}: {}".format(self._port, msg))
+            else:
+                fcntl.flock(self.fd, fcntl.LOCK_UN)
+
+        custom_baud = None
+
+        vmin = vtime = 0                # timeout is done via select
+        if self._inter_byte_timeout is not None:
+            vmin = 1
+            vtime = int(self._inter_byte_timeout * 10)
+        try:
+            orig_attr = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
+            iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc = orig_attr
+        except termios.error as msg:      # if a port is nonexistent but has a /dev file, it'll fail here
+            raise SerialException("Could not configure port: {}".format(msg))
+        # set up raw mode / no echo / binary
+        cflag |= (termios.CLOCAL | termios.CREAD)
+        lflag &= ~(termios.ICANON | termios.ECHO | termios.ECHOE |
+                   termios.ECHOK | termios.ECHONL |
+                   termios.ISIG | termios.IEXTEN)  # |termios.ECHOPRT
+        for flag in ('ECHOCTL', 'ECHOKE'):  # netbsd workaround for Erk
+            if hasattr(termios, flag):
+                lflag &= ~getattr(termios, flag)
+
+        oflag &= ~(termios.OPOST | termios.ONLCR | termios.OCRNL)
+        iflag &= ~(termios.INLCR | termios.IGNCR | termios.ICRNL | termios.IGNBRK)
+        if hasattr(termios, 'IUCLC'):
+            iflag &= ~termios.IUCLC
+        if hasattr(termios, 'PARMRK'):
+            iflag &= ~termios.PARMRK
+
+        # setup baud rate
+        try:
+            ispeed = ospeed = getattr(termios, 'B{}'.format(self._baudrate))
+        except AttributeError:
+            try:
+                ispeed = ospeed = self.BAUDRATE_CONSTANTS[self._baudrate]
+            except KeyError:
+                #~ raise ValueError('Invalid baud rate: %r' % self._baudrate)
+
+                # See if BOTHER is defined for this platform; if it is, use
+                # this for a speed not defined in the baudrate constants list.
+                try:
+                    ispeed = ospeed = BOTHER
+                except NameError:
+                    # may need custom baud rate, it isn't in our list.
+                    ispeed = ospeed = getattr(termios, 'B38400')
+
+                try:
+                    custom_baud = int(self._baudrate)  # store for later
+                except ValueError:
+                    raise ValueError('Invalid baud rate: {!r}'.format(self._baudrate))
+                else:
+                    if custom_baud < 0:
+                        raise ValueError('Invalid baud rate: {!r}'.format(self._baudrate))
+
+        # setup char len
+        cflag &= ~termios.CSIZE
+        if self._bytesize == 8:
+            cflag |= termios.CS8
+        elif self._bytesize == 7:
+            cflag |= termios.CS7
+        elif self._bytesize == 6:
+            cflag |= termios.CS6
+        elif self._bytesize == 5:
+            cflag |= termios.CS5
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid char len: {!r}'.format(self._bytesize))
+        # setup stop bits
+        if self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_ONE:
+            cflag &= ~(termios.CSTOPB)
+        elif self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE:
+            cflag |= (termios.CSTOPB)  # XXX same as TWO.. there is no POSIX support for 1.5
+        elif self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_TWO:
+            cflag |= (termios.CSTOPB)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid stop bit specification: {!r}'.format(self._stopbits))
+        # setup parity
+        iflag &= ~(termios.INPCK | termios.ISTRIP)
+        if self._parity == serial.PARITY_NONE:
+            cflag &= ~(termios.PARENB | termios.PARODD | CMSPAR)
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_EVEN:
+            cflag &= ~(termios.PARODD | CMSPAR)
+            cflag |= (termios.PARENB)
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_ODD:
+            cflag &= ~CMSPAR
+            cflag |= (termios.PARENB | termios.PARODD)
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_MARK and CMSPAR:
+            cflag |= (termios.PARENB | CMSPAR | termios.PARODD)
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_SPACE and CMSPAR:
+            cflag |= (termios.PARENB | CMSPAR)
+            cflag &= ~(termios.PARODD)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid parity: {!r}'.format(self._parity))
+        # setup flow control
+        # xonxoff
+        if hasattr(termios, 'IXANY'):
+            if self._xonxoff:
+                iflag |= (termios.IXON | termios.IXOFF)  # |termios.IXANY)
+            else:
+                iflag &= ~(termios.IXON | termios.IXOFF | termios.IXANY)
+        else:
+            if self._xonxoff:
+                iflag |= (termios.IXON | termios.IXOFF)
+            else:
+                iflag &= ~(termios.IXON | termios.IXOFF)
+        # rtscts
+        if hasattr(termios, 'CRTSCTS'):
+            if self._rtscts:
+                cflag |= (termios.CRTSCTS)
+            else:
+                cflag &= ~(termios.CRTSCTS)
+        elif hasattr(termios, 'CNEW_RTSCTS'):   # try it with alternate constant name
+            if self._rtscts:
+                cflag |= (termios.CNEW_RTSCTS)
+            else:
+                cflag &= ~(termios.CNEW_RTSCTS)
+        # XXX should there be a warning if setting up rtscts (and xonxoff etc) fails??
+
+        # buffer
+        # vmin "minimal number of characters to be read. 0 for non blocking"
+        if vmin < 0 or vmin > 255:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid vmin: {!r}'.format(vmin))
+        cc[termios.VMIN] = vmin
+        # vtime
+        if vtime < 0 or vtime > 255:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid vtime: {!r}'.format(vtime))
+        cc[termios.VTIME] = vtime
+        # activate settings
+        if force_update or [iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc] != orig_attr:
+            termios.tcsetattr(
+                self.fd,
+                termios.TCSANOW,
+                [iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc])
+
+        # apply custom baud rate, if any
+        if custom_baud is not None:
+            self._set_special_baudrate(custom_baud)
+
+        if self._rs485_mode is not None:
+            self._set_rs485_mode(self._rs485_mode)
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close port"""
+        if self.is_open:
+            if self.fd is not None:
+                os.close(self.fd)
+                self.fd = None
+                os.close(self.pipe_abort_read_w)
+                os.close(self.pipe_abort_read_r)
+                os.close(self.pipe_abort_write_w)
+                os.close(self.pipe_abort_write_r)
+                self.pipe_abort_read_r, self.pipe_abort_read_w = None, None
+                self.pipe_abort_write_r, self.pipe_abort_write_w = None, None
+            self.is_open = False
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    @property
+    def in_waiting(self):
+        """Return the number of bytes currently in the input buffer."""
+        #~ s = fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, termios.FIONREAD, TIOCM_zero_str)
+        s = fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCINQ, TIOCM_zero_str)
+        return struct.unpack('I', s)[0]
+
+    # select based implementation, proved to work on many systems
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        """\
+        Read size bytes from the serial port. If a timeout is set it may
+        return less characters as requested. With no timeout it will block
+        until the requested number of bytes is read.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        read = bytearray()
+        timeout = Timeout(self._timeout)
+        while len(read) < size:
+            try:
+                ready, _, _ = select.select([self.fd, self.pipe_abort_read_r], [], [], timeout.time_left())
+                if self.pipe_abort_read_r in ready:
+                    os.read(self.pipe_abort_read_r, 1000)
+                    break
+                # If select was used with a timeout, and the timeout occurs, it
+                # returns with empty lists -> thus abort read operation.
+                # For timeout == 0 (non-blocking operation) also abort when
+                # there is nothing to read.
+                if not ready:
+                    break   # timeout
+                buf = os.read(self.fd, size - len(read))
+            except OSError as e:
+                # this is for Python 3.x where select.error is a subclass of
+                # OSError ignore BlockingIOErrors and EINTR. other errors are shown
+                # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0475.
+                if e.errno not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EALREADY, errno.EWOULDBLOCK, errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EINTR):
+                    raise SerialException('read failed: {}'.format(e))
+            except select.error as e:
+                # this is for Python 2.x
+                # ignore BlockingIOErrors and EINTR. all errors are shown
+                # see also http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-3151/#select
+                if e[0] not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EALREADY, errno.EWOULDBLOCK, errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EINTR):
+                    raise SerialException('read failed: {}'.format(e))
+            else:
+                # read should always return some data as select reported it was
+                # ready to read when we get to this point.
+                if not buf:
+                    # Disconnected devices, at least on Linux, show the
+                    # behavior that they are always ready to read immediately
+                    # but reading returns nothing.
+                    raise SerialException(
+                        'device reports readiness to read but returned no data '
+                        '(device disconnected or multiple access on port?)')
+                read.extend(buf)
+
+            if timeout.expired():
+                break
+        return bytes(read)
+
+    def cancel_read(self):
+        if self.is_open:
+            os.write(self.pipe_abort_read_w, b"x")
+
+    def cancel_write(self):
+        if self.is_open:
+            os.write(self.pipe_abort_write_w, b"x")
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        """Output the given byte string over the serial port."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        d = to_bytes(data)
+        tx_len = length = len(d)
+        timeout = Timeout(self._write_timeout)
+        while tx_len > 0:
+            try:
+                n = os.write(self.fd, d)
+                if timeout.is_non_blocking:
+                    # Zero timeout indicates non-blocking - simply return the
+                    # number of bytes of data actually written
+                    return n
+                elif not timeout.is_infinite:
+                    # when timeout is set, use select to wait for being ready
+                    # with the time left as timeout
+                    if timeout.expired():
+                        raise SerialTimeoutException('Write timeout')
+                    abort, ready, _ = select.select([self.pipe_abort_write_r], [self.fd], [], timeout.time_left())
+                    if abort:
+                        os.read(self.pipe_abort_write_r, 1000)
+                        break
+                    if not ready:
+                        raise SerialTimeoutException('Write timeout')
+                else:
+                    assert timeout.time_left() is None
+                    # wait for write operation
+                    abort, ready, _ = select.select([self.pipe_abort_write_r], [self.fd], [], None)
+                    if abort:
+                        os.read(self.pipe_abort_write_r, 1)
+                        break
+                    if not ready:
+                        raise SerialException('write failed (select)')
+                d = d[n:]
+                tx_len -= n
+            except SerialException:
+                raise
+            except OSError as e:
+                # this is for Python 3.x where select.error is a subclass of
+                # OSError ignore BlockingIOErrors and EINTR. other errors are shown
+                # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0475.
+                if e.errno not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EALREADY, errno.EWOULDBLOCK, errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EINTR):
+                    raise SerialException('write failed: {}'.format(e))
+            except select.error as e:
+                # this is for Python 2.x
+                # ignore BlockingIOErrors and EINTR. all errors are shown
+                # see also http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-3151/#select
+                if e[0] not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EALREADY, errno.EWOULDBLOCK, errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EINTR):
+                    raise SerialException('write failed: {}'.format(e))
+            if not timeout.is_non_blocking and timeout.expired():
+                raise SerialTimeoutException('Write timeout')
+        return length - len(d)
+
+    def flush(self):
+        """\
+        Flush of file like objects. In this case, wait until all data
+        is written.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        termios.tcdrain(self.fd)
+
+    def _reset_input_buffer(self):
+        """Clear input buffer, discarding all that is in the buffer."""
+        termios.tcflush(self.fd, termios.TCIFLUSH)
+
+    def reset_input_buffer(self):
+        """Clear input buffer, discarding all that is in the buffer."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self._reset_input_buffer()
+
+    def reset_output_buffer(self):
+        """\
+        Clear output buffer, aborting the current output and discarding all
+        that is in the buffer.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        termios.tcflush(self.fd, termios.TCOFLUSH)
+
+    def send_break(self, duration=0.25):
+        """\
+        Send break condition. Timed, returns to idle state after given
+        duration.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        termios.tcsendbreak(self.fd, int(duration / 0.25))
+
+    def _update_rts_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Request To Send"""
+        if self._rts_state:
+            fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCMBIS, TIOCM_RTS_str)
+        else:
+            fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCMBIC, TIOCM_RTS_str)
+
+    def _update_dtr_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Data Terminal Ready"""
+        if self._dtr_state:
+            fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCMBIS, TIOCM_DTR_str)
+        else:
+            fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCMBIC, TIOCM_DTR_str)
+
+    @property
+    def cts(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Clear To Send"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        s = fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCMGET, TIOCM_zero_str)
+        return struct.unpack('I', s)[0] & TIOCM_CTS != 0
+
+    @property
+    def dsr(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Data Set Ready"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        s = fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCMGET, TIOCM_zero_str)
+        return struct.unpack('I', s)[0] & TIOCM_DSR != 0
+
+    @property
+    def ri(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Ring Indicator"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        s = fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCMGET, TIOCM_zero_str)
+        return struct.unpack('I', s)[0] & TIOCM_RI != 0
+
+    @property
+    def cd(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Carrier Detect"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        s = fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCMGET, TIOCM_zero_str)
+        return struct.unpack('I', s)[0] & TIOCM_CD != 0
+
+    # - - platform specific - - - -
+
+    @property
+    def out_waiting(self):
+        """Return the number of bytes currently in the output buffer."""
+        #~ s = fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, termios.FIONREAD, TIOCM_zero_str)
+        s = fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, TIOCOUTQ, TIOCM_zero_str)
+        return struct.unpack('I', s)[0]
+
+    def fileno(self):
+        """\
+        For easier use of the serial port instance with select.
+        WARNING: this function is not portable to different platforms!
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        return self.fd
+
+    def set_input_flow_control(self, enable=True):
+        """\
+        Manually control flow - when software flow control is enabled.
+        This will send XON (true) or XOFF (false) to the other device.
+        WARNING: this function is not portable to different platforms!
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if enable:
+            termios.tcflow(self.fd, termios.TCION)
+        else:
+            termios.tcflow(self.fd, termios.TCIOFF)
+
+    def set_output_flow_control(self, enable=True):
+        """\
+        Manually control flow of outgoing data - when hardware or software flow
+        control is enabled.
+        WARNING: this function is not portable to different platforms!
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if enable:
+            termios.tcflow(self.fd, termios.TCOON)
+        else:
+            termios.tcflow(self.fd, termios.TCOOFF)
+
+    def nonblocking(self):
+        """DEPRECATED - has no use"""
+        import warnings
+        warnings.warn("nonblocking() has no effect, already nonblocking", DeprecationWarning)
+
+
+class PosixPollSerial(Serial):
+    """\
+    Poll based read implementation. Not all systems support poll properly.
+    However this one has better handling of errors, such as a device
+    disconnecting while it's in use (e.g. USB-serial unplugged).
+    """
+
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        """\
+        Read size bytes from the serial port. If a timeout is set it may
+        return less characters as requested. With no timeout it will block
+        until the requested number of bytes is read.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        read = bytearray()
+        timeout = Timeout(self._timeout)
+        poll = select.poll()
+        poll.register(self.fd, select.POLLIN | select.POLLERR | select.POLLHUP | select.POLLNVAL)
+        poll.register(self.pipe_abort_read_r, select.POLLIN | select.POLLERR | select.POLLHUP | select.POLLNVAL)
+        if size > 0:
+            while len(read) < size:
+                # print "\tread(): size",size, "have", len(read)    #debug
+                # wait until device becomes ready to read (or something fails)
+                for fd, event in poll.poll(None if timeout.is_infinite else (timeout.time_left() * 1000)):
+                    if fd == self.pipe_abort_read_r:
+                        break
+                    if event & (select.POLLERR | select.POLLHUP | select.POLLNVAL):
+                        raise SerialException('device reports error (poll)')
+                    #  we don't care if it is select.POLLIN or timeout, that's
+                    #  handled below
+                if fd == self.pipe_abort_read_r:
+                    os.read(self.pipe_abort_read_r, 1000)
+                    break
+                buf = os.read(self.fd, size - len(read))
+                read.extend(buf)
+                if timeout.expired() \
+                        or (self._inter_byte_timeout is not None and self._inter_byte_timeout > 0) and not buf:
+                    break   # early abort on timeout
+        return bytes(read)
+
+
+class VTIMESerial(Serial):
+    """\
+    Implement timeout using vtime of tty device instead of using select.
+    This means that no inter character timeout can be specified and that
+    the error handling is degraded.
+
+    Overall timeout is disabled when inter-character timeout is used.
+
+    Note that this implementation does NOT support cancel_read(), it will
+    just ignore that.
+    """
+
+    def _reconfigure_port(self, force_update=True):
+        """Set communication parameters on opened port."""
+        super(VTIMESerial, self)._reconfigure_port()
+        fcntl.fcntl(self.fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, 0)  # clear O_NONBLOCK
+
+        if self._inter_byte_timeout is not None:
+            vmin = 1
+            vtime = int(self._inter_byte_timeout * 10)
+        elif self._timeout is None:
+            vmin = 1
+            vtime = 0
+        else:
+            vmin = 0
+            vtime = int(self._timeout * 10)
+        try:
+            orig_attr = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
+            iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc = orig_attr
+        except termios.error as msg:      # if a port is nonexistent but has a /dev file, it'll fail here
+            raise serial.SerialException("Could not configure port: {}".format(msg))
+
+        if vtime < 0 or vtime > 255:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid vtime: {!r}'.format(vtime))
+        cc[termios.VTIME] = vtime
+        cc[termios.VMIN] = vmin
+
+        termios.tcsetattr(
+                self.fd,
+                termios.TCSANOW,
+                [iflag, oflag, cflag, lflag, ispeed, ospeed, cc])
+
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        """\
+        Read size bytes from the serial port. If a timeout is set it may
+        return less characters as requested. With no timeout it will block
+        until the requested number of bytes is read.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        read = bytearray()
+        while len(read) < size:
+            buf = os.read(self.fd, size - len(read))
+            if not buf:
+                break
+            read.extend(buf)
+        return bytes(read)
+
+    # hack to make hasattr return false
+    cancel_read = property()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialutil.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialutil.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..789219e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialutil.py
@@ -0,0 +1,697 @@
+#! python
+#
+# Base class and support functions used by various backends.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2001-2020 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import io
+import time
+
+# ``memoryview`` was introduced in Python 2.7 and ``bytes(some_memoryview)``
+# isn't returning the contents (very unfortunate). Therefore we need special
+# cases and test for it. Ensure that there is a ``memoryview`` object for older
+# Python versions. This is easier than making every test dependent on its
+# existence.
+try:
+    memoryview
+except (NameError, AttributeError):
+    # implementation does not matter as we do not really use it.
+    # it just must not inherit from something else we might care for.
+    class memoryview(object):   # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin,invalid-name
+        pass
+
+try:
+    unicode
+except (NameError, AttributeError):
+    unicode = str       # for Python 3, pylint: disable=redefined-builtin,invalid-name
+
+try:
+    basestring
+except (NameError, AttributeError):
+    basestring = (str,)    # for Python 3, pylint: disable=redefined-builtin,invalid-name
+
+
+# "for byte in data" fails for python3 as it returns ints instead of bytes
+def iterbytes(b):
+    """Iterate over bytes, returning bytes instead of ints (python3)"""
+    if isinstance(b, memoryview):
+        b = b.tobytes()
+    i = 0
+    while True:
+        a = b[i:i + 1]
+        i += 1
+        if a:
+            yield a
+        else:
+            break
+
+
+# all Python versions prior 3.x convert ``str([17])`` to '[17]' instead of '\x11'
+# so a simple ``bytes(sequence)`` doesn't work for all versions
+def to_bytes(seq):
+    """convert a sequence to a bytes type"""
+    if isinstance(seq, bytes):
+        return seq
+    elif isinstance(seq, bytearray):
+        return bytes(seq)
+    elif isinstance(seq, memoryview):
+        return seq.tobytes()
+    elif isinstance(seq, unicode):
+        raise TypeError('unicode strings are not supported, please encode to bytes: {!r}'.format(seq))
+    else:
+        # handle list of integers and bytes (one or more items) for Python 2 and 3
+        return bytes(bytearray(seq))
+
+
+# create control bytes
+XON = to_bytes([17])
+XOFF = to_bytes([19])
+
+CR = to_bytes([13])
+LF = to_bytes([10])
+
+
+PARITY_NONE, PARITY_EVEN, PARITY_ODD, PARITY_MARK, PARITY_SPACE = 'N', 'E', 'O', 'M', 'S'
+STOPBITS_ONE, STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE, STOPBITS_TWO = (1, 1.5, 2)
+FIVEBITS, SIXBITS, SEVENBITS, EIGHTBITS = (5, 6, 7, 8)
+
+PARITY_NAMES = {
+    PARITY_NONE: 'None',
+    PARITY_EVEN: 'Even',
+    PARITY_ODD: 'Odd',
+    PARITY_MARK: 'Mark',
+    PARITY_SPACE: 'Space',
+}
+
+
+class SerialException(IOError):
+    """Base class for serial port related exceptions."""
+
+
+class SerialTimeoutException(SerialException):
+    """Write timeouts give an exception"""
+
+
+class PortNotOpenError(SerialException):
+    """Port is not open"""
+    def __init__(self):
+        super(PortNotOpenError, self).__init__('Attempting to use a port that is not open')
+
+
+class Timeout(object):
+    """\
+    Abstraction for timeout operations. Using time.monotonic() if available
+    or time.time() in all other cases.
+
+    The class can also be initialized with 0 or None, in order to support
+    non-blocking and fully blocking I/O operations. The attributes
+    is_non_blocking and is_infinite are set accordingly.
+    """
+    if hasattr(time, 'monotonic'):
+        # Timeout implementation with time.monotonic(). This function is only
+        # supported by Python 3.3 and above. It returns a time in seconds
+        # (float) just as time.time(), but is not affected by system clock
+        # adjustments.
+        TIME = time.monotonic
+    else:
+        # Timeout implementation with time.time(). This is compatible with all
+        # Python versions but has issues if the clock is adjusted while the
+        # timeout is running.
+        TIME = time.time
+
+    def __init__(self, duration):
+        """Initialize a timeout with given duration"""
+        self.is_infinite = (duration is None)
+        self.is_non_blocking = (duration == 0)
+        self.duration = duration
+        if duration is not None:
+            self.target_time = self.TIME() + duration
+        else:
+            self.target_time = None
+
+    def expired(self):
+        """Return a boolean, telling if the timeout has expired"""
+        return self.target_time is not None and self.time_left() <= 0
+
+    def time_left(self):
+        """Return how many seconds are left until the timeout expires"""
+        if self.is_non_blocking:
+            return 0
+        elif self.is_infinite:
+            return None
+        else:
+            delta = self.target_time - self.TIME()
+            if delta > self.duration:
+                # clock jumped, recalculate
+                self.target_time = self.TIME() + self.duration
+                return self.duration
+            else:
+                return max(0, delta)
+
+    def restart(self, duration):
+        """\
+        Restart a timeout, only supported if a timeout was already set up
+        before.
+        """
+        self.duration = duration
+        self.target_time = self.TIME() + duration
+
+
+class SerialBase(io.RawIOBase):
+    """\
+    Serial port base class. Provides __init__ function and properties to
+    get/set port settings.
+    """
+
+    # default values, may be overridden in subclasses that do not support all values
+    BAUDRATES = (50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800,
+                 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, 230400, 460800, 500000,
+                 576000, 921600, 1000000, 1152000, 1500000, 2000000, 2500000,
+                 3000000, 3500000, 4000000)
+    BYTESIZES = (FIVEBITS, SIXBITS, SEVENBITS, EIGHTBITS)
+    PARITIES = (PARITY_NONE, PARITY_EVEN, PARITY_ODD, PARITY_MARK, PARITY_SPACE)
+    STOPBITS = (STOPBITS_ONE, STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE, STOPBITS_TWO)
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 port=None,
+                 baudrate=9600,
+                 bytesize=EIGHTBITS,
+                 parity=PARITY_NONE,
+                 stopbits=STOPBITS_ONE,
+                 timeout=None,
+                 xonxoff=False,
+                 rtscts=False,
+                 write_timeout=None,
+                 dsrdtr=False,
+                 inter_byte_timeout=None,
+                 exclusive=None,
+                 **kwargs):
+        """\
+        Initialize comm port object. If a "port" is given, then the port will be
+        opened immediately. Otherwise a Serial port object in closed state
+        is returned.
+        """
+
+        self.is_open = False
+        self.portstr = None
+        self.name = None
+        # correct values are assigned below through properties
+        self._port = None
+        self._baudrate = None
+        self._bytesize = None
+        self._parity = None
+        self._stopbits = None
+        self._timeout = None
+        self._write_timeout = None
+        self._xonxoff = None
+        self._rtscts = None
+        self._dsrdtr = None
+        self._inter_byte_timeout = None
+        self._rs485_mode = None  # disabled by default
+        self._rts_state = True
+        self._dtr_state = True
+        self._break_state = False
+        self._exclusive = None
+
+        # assign values using get/set methods using the properties feature
+        self.port = port
+        self.baudrate = baudrate
+        self.bytesize = bytesize
+        self.parity = parity
+        self.stopbits = stopbits
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.write_timeout = write_timeout
+        self.xonxoff = xonxoff
+        self.rtscts = rtscts
+        self.dsrdtr = dsrdtr
+        self.inter_byte_timeout = inter_byte_timeout
+        self.exclusive = exclusive
+
+        # watch for backward compatible kwargs
+        if 'writeTimeout' in kwargs:
+            self.write_timeout = kwargs.pop('writeTimeout')
+        if 'interCharTimeout' in kwargs:
+            self.inter_byte_timeout = kwargs.pop('interCharTimeout')
+        if kwargs:
+            raise ValueError('unexpected keyword arguments: {!r}'.format(kwargs))
+
+        if port is not None:
+            self.open()
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    # to be implemented by subclasses:
+    # def open(self):
+    # def close(self):
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    @property
+    def port(self):
+        """\
+        Get the current port setting. The value that was passed on init or using
+        setPort() is passed back.
+        """
+        return self._port
+
+    @port.setter
+    def port(self, port):
+        """\
+        Change the port.
+        """
+        if port is not None and not isinstance(port, basestring):
+            raise ValueError('"port" must be None or a string, not {}'.format(type(port)))
+        was_open = self.is_open
+        if was_open:
+            self.close()
+        self.portstr = port
+        self._port = port
+        self.name = self.portstr
+        if was_open:
+            self.open()
+
+    @property
+    def baudrate(self):
+        """Get the current baud rate setting."""
+        return self._baudrate
+
+    @baudrate.setter
+    def baudrate(self, baudrate):
+        """\
+        Change baud rate. It raises a ValueError if the port is open and the
+        baud rate is not possible. If the port is closed, then the value is
+        accepted and the exception is raised when the port is opened.
+        """
+        try:
+            b = int(baudrate)
+        except TypeError:
+            raise ValueError("Not a valid baudrate: {!r}".format(baudrate))
+        else:
+            if b < 0:
+                raise ValueError("Not a valid baudrate: {!r}".format(baudrate))
+            self._baudrate = b
+            if self.is_open:
+                self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def bytesize(self):
+        """Get the current byte size setting."""
+        return self._bytesize
+
+    @bytesize.setter
+    def bytesize(self, bytesize):
+        """Change byte size."""
+        if bytesize not in self.BYTESIZES:
+            raise ValueError("Not a valid byte size: {!r}".format(bytesize))
+        self._bytesize = bytesize
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def exclusive(self):
+        """Get the current exclusive access setting."""
+        return self._exclusive
+
+    @exclusive.setter
+    def exclusive(self, exclusive):
+        """Change the exclusive access setting."""
+        self._exclusive = exclusive
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def parity(self):
+        """Get the current parity setting."""
+        return self._parity
+
+    @parity.setter
+    def parity(self, parity):
+        """Change parity setting."""
+        if parity not in self.PARITIES:
+            raise ValueError("Not a valid parity: {!r}".format(parity))
+        self._parity = parity
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def stopbits(self):
+        """Get the current stop bits setting."""
+        return self._stopbits
+
+    @stopbits.setter
+    def stopbits(self, stopbits):
+        """Change stop bits size."""
+        if stopbits not in self.STOPBITS:
+            raise ValueError("Not a valid stop bit size: {!r}".format(stopbits))
+        self._stopbits = stopbits
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def timeout(self):
+        """Get the current timeout setting."""
+        return self._timeout
+
+    @timeout.setter
+    def timeout(self, timeout):
+        """Change timeout setting."""
+        if timeout is not None:
+            try:
+                timeout + 1     # test if it's a number, will throw a TypeError if not...
+            except TypeError:
+                raise ValueError("Not a valid timeout: {!r}".format(timeout))
+            if timeout < 0:
+                raise ValueError("Not a valid timeout: {!r}".format(timeout))
+        self._timeout = timeout
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def write_timeout(self):
+        """Get the current timeout setting."""
+        return self._write_timeout
+
+    @write_timeout.setter
+    def write_timeout(self, timeout):
+        """Change timeout setting."""
+        if timeout is not None:
+            if timeout < 0:
+                raise ValueError("Not a valid timeout: {!r}".format(timeout))
+            try:
+                timeout + 1     # test if it's a number, will throw a TypeError if not...
+            except TypeError:
+                raise ValueError("Not a valid timeout: {!r}".format(timeout))
+
+        self._write_timeout = timeout
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def inter_byte_timeout(self):
+        """Get the current inter-character timeout setting."""
+        return self._inter_byte_timeout
+
+    @inter_byte_timeout.setter
+    def inter_byte_timeout(self, ic_timeout):
+        """Change inter-byte timeout setting."""
+        if ic_timeout is not None:
+            if ic_timeout < 0:
+                raise ValueError("Not a valid timeout: {!r}".format(ic_timeout))
+            try:
+                ic_timeout + 1     # test if it's a number, will throw a TypeError if not...
+            except TypeError:
+                raise ValueError("Not a valid timeout: {!r}".format(ic_timeout))
+
+        self._inter_byte_timeout = ic_timeout
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def xonxoff(self):
+        """Get the current XON/XOFF setting."""
+        return self._xonxoff
+
+    @xonxoff.setter
+    def xonxoff(self, xonxoff):
+        """Change XON/XOFF setting."""
+        self._xonxoff = xonxoff
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def rtscts(self):
+        """Get the current RTS/CTS flow control setting."""
+        return self._rtscts
+
+    @rtscts.setter
+    def rtscts(self, rtscts):
+        """Change RTS/CTS flow control setting."""
+        self._rtscts = rtscts
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def dsrdtr(self):
+        """Get the current DSR/DTR flow control setting."""
+        return self._dsrdtr
+
+    @dsrdtr.setter
+    def dsrdtr(self, dsrdtr=None):
+        """Change DsrDtr flow control setting."""
+        if dsrdtr is None:
+            # if not set, keep backwards compatibility and follow rtscts setting
+            self._dsrdtr = self._rtscts
+        else:
+            # if defined independently, follow its value
+            self._dsrdtr = dsrdtr
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    @property
+    def rts(self):
+        return self._rts_state
+
+    @rts.setter
+    def rts(self, value):
+        self._rts_state = value
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._update_rts_state()
+
+    @property
+    def dtr(self):
+        return self._dtr_state
+
+    @dtr.setter
+    def dtr(self, value):
+        self._dtr_state = value
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._update_dtr_state()
+
+    @property
+    def break_condition(self):
+        return self._break_state
+
+    @break_condition.setter
+    def break_condition(self, value):
+        self._break_state = value
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._update_break_state()
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+    # functions useful for RS-485 adapters
+
+    @property
+    def rs485_mode(self):
+        """\
+        Enable RS485 mode and apply new settings, set to None to disable.
+        See serial.rs485.RS485Settings for more info about the value.
+        """
+        return self._rs485_mode
+
+    @rs485_mode.setter
+    def rs485_mode(self, rs485_settings):
+        self._rs485_mode = rs485_settings
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    _SAVED_SETTINGS = ('baudrate', 'bytesize', 'parity', 'stopbits', 'xonxoff',
+                       'dsrdtr', 'rtscts', 'timeout', 'write_timeout',
+                       'inter_byte_timeout')
+
+    def get_settings(self):
+        """\
+        Get current port settings as a dictionary. For use with
+        apply_settings().
+        """
+        return dict([(key, getattr(self, '_' + key)) for key in self._SAVED_SETTINGS])
+
+    def apply_settings(self, d):
+        """\
+        Apply stored settings from a dictionary returned from
+        get_settings(). It's allowed to delete keys from the dictionary. These
+        values will simply left unchanged.
+        """
+        for key in self._SAVED_SETTINGS:
+            if key in d and d[key] != getattr(self, '_' + key):   # check against internal "_" value
+                setattr(self, key, d[key])          # set non "_" value to use properties write function
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """String representation of the current port settings and its state."""
+        return '{name}<id=0x{id:x}, open={p.is_open}>(port={p.portstr!r}, ' \
+               'baudrate={p.baudrate!r}, bytesize={p.bytesize!r}, parity={p.parity!r}, ' \
+               'stopbits={p.stopbits!r}, timeout={p.timeout!r}, xonxoff={p.xonxoff!r}, ' \
+               'rtscts={p.rtscts!r}, dsrdtr={p.dsrdtr!r})'.format(
+                   name=self.__class__.__name__, id=id(self), p=self)
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+    # compatibility with io library
+    # pylint: disable=invalid-name,missing-docstring
+
+    def readable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def writable(self):
+        return True
+
+    def seekable(self):
+        return False
+
+    def readinto(self, b):
+        data = self.read(len(b))
+        n = len(data)
+        try:
+            b[:n] = data
+        except TypeError as err:
+            import array
+            if not isinstance(b, array.array):
+                raise err
+            b[:n] = array.array('b', data)
+        return n
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+    # context manager
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        if self._port is not None and not self.is_open:
+            self.open()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.close()
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    def send_break(self, duration=0.25):
+        """\
+        Send break condition. Timed, returns to idle state after given
+        duration.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self.break_condition = True
+        time.sleep(duration)
+        self.break_condition = False
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+    # backwards compatibility / deprecated functions
+
+    def flushInput(self):
+        self.reset_input_buffer()
+
+    def flushOutput(self):
+        self.reset_output_buffer()
+
+    def inWaiting(self):
+        return self.in_waiting
+
+    def sendBreak(self, duration=0.25):
+        self.send_break(duration)
+
+    def setRTS(self, value=1):
+        self.rts = value
+
+    def setDTR(self, value=1):
+        self.dtr = value
+
+    def getCTS(self):
+        return self.cts
+
+    def getDSR(self):
+        return self.dsr
+
+    def getRI(self):
+        return self.ri
+
+    def getCD(self):
+        return self.cd
+
+    def setPort(self, port):
+        self.port = port
+
+    @property
+    def writeTimeout(self):
+        return self.write_timeout
+
+    @writeTimeout.setter
+    def writeTimeout(self, timeout):
+        self.write_timeout = timeout
+
+    @property
+    def interCharTimeout(self):
+        return self.inter_byte_timeout
+
+    @interCharTimeout.setter
+    def interCharTimeout(self, interCharTimeout):
+        self.inter_byte_timeout = interCharTimeout
+
+    def getSettingsDict(self):
+        return self.get_settings()
+
+    def applySettingsDict(self, d):
+        self.apply_settings(d)
+
+    def isOpen(self):
+        return self.is_open
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+    # additional functionality
+
+    def read_all(self):
+        """\
+        Read all bytes currently available in the buffer of the OS.
+        """
+        return self.read(self.in_waiting)
+
+    def read_until(self, expected=LF, size=None):
+        """\
+        Read until an expected sequence is found ('\n' by default), the size
+        is exceeded or until timeout occurs.
+        """
+        lenterm = len(expected)
+        line = bytearray()
+        timeout = Timeout(self._timeout)
+        while True:
+            c = self.read(1)
+            if c:
+                line += c
+                if line[-lenterm:] == expected:
+                    break
+                if size is not None and len(line) >= size:
+                    break
+            else:
+                break
+            if timeout.expired():
+                break
+        return bytes(line)
+
+    def iread_until(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """\
+        Read lines, implemented as generator. It will raise StopIteration on
+        timeout (empty read).
+        """
+        while True:
+            line = self.read_until(*args, **kwargs)
+            if not line:
+                break
+            yield line
+
+
+#  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    s = SerialBase()
+    sys.stdout.write('port name:  {}\n'.format(s.name))
+    sys.stdout.write('baud rates: {}\n'.format(s.BAUDRATES))
+    sys.stdout.write('byte sizes: {}\n'.format(s.BYTESIZES))
+    sys.stdout.write('parities:   {}\n'.format(s.PARITIES))
+    sys.stdout.write('stop bits:  {}\n'.format(s.STOPBITS))
+    sys.stdout.write('{}\n'.format(s))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialwin32.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialwin32.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7da929
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/serialwin32.py
@@ -0,0 +1,477 @@
+#! python
+#
+# backend for Windows ("win32" incl. 32/64 bit support)
+#
+# (C) 2001-2020 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+#
+# Initial patch to use ctypes by Giovanni Bajo <rasky@develer.com>
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+# pylint: disable=invalid-name,too-few-public-methods
+import ctypes
+import time
+from serial import win32
+
+import serial
+from serial.serialutil import SerialBase, SerialException, to_bytes, PortNotOpenError, SerialTimeoutException
+
+
+class Serial(SerialBase):
+    """Serial port implementation for Win32 based on ctypes."""
+
+    BAUDRATES = (50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800,
+                 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200)
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._port_handle = None
+        self._overlapped_read = None
+        self._overlapped_write = None
+        super(Serial, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def open(self):
+        """\
+        Open port with current settings. This may throw a SerialException
+        if the port cannot be opened.
+        """
+        if self._port is None:
+            raise SerialException("Port must be configured before it can be used.")
+        if self.is_open:
+            raise SerialException("Port is already open.")
+        # the "\\.\COMx" format is required for devices other than COM1-COM8
+        # not all versions of windows seem to support this properly
+        # so that the first few ports are used with the DOS device name
+        port = self.name
+        try:
+            if port.upper().startswith('COM') and int(port[3:]) > 8:
+                port = '\\\\.\\' + port
+        except ValueError:
+            # for like COMnotanumber
+            pass
+        self._port_handle = win32.CreateFile(
+            port,
+            win32.GENERIC_READ | win32.GENERIC_WRITE,
+            0,  # exclusive access
+            None,  # no security
+            win32.OPEN_EXISTING,
+            win32.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | win32.FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,
+            0)
+        if self._port_handle == win32.INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE:
+            self._port_handle = None    # 'cause __del__ is called anyway
+            raise SerialException("could not open port {!r}: {!r}".format(self.portstr, ctypes.WinError()))
+
+        try:
+            self._overlapped_read = win32.OVERLAPPED()
+            self._overlapped_read.hEvent = win32.CreateEvent(None, 1, 0, None)
+            self._overlapped_write = win32.OVERLAPPED()
+            #~ self._overlapped_write.hEvent = win32.CreateEvent(None, 1, 0, None)
+            self._overlapped_write.hEvent = win32.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None)
+
+            # Setup a 4k buffer
+            win32.SetupComm(self._port_handle, 4096, 4096)
+
+            # Save original timeout values:
+            self._orgTimeouts = win32.COMMTIMEOUTS()
+            win32.GetCommTimeouts(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(self._orgTimeouts))
+
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+
+            # Clear buffers:
+            # Remove anything that was there
+            win32.PurgeComm(
+                self._port_handle,
+                win32.PURGE_TXCLEAR | win32.PURGE_TXABORT |
+                win32.PURGE_RXCLEAR | win32.PURGE_RXABORT)
+        except:
+            try:
+                self._close()
+            except:
+                # ignore any exception when closing the port
+                # also to keep original exception that happened when setting up
+                pass
+            self._port_handle = None
+            raise
+        else:
+            self.is_open = True
+
+    def _reconfigure_port(self):
+        """Set communication parameters on opened port."""
+        if not self._port_handle:
+            raise SerialException("Can only operate on a valid port handle")
+
+        # Set Windows timeout values
+        # timeouts is a tuple with the following items:
+        # (ReadIntervalTimeout,ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier,
+        #  ReadTotalTimeoutConstant,WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier,
+        #  WriteTotalTimeoutConstant)
+        timeouts = win32.COMMTIMEOUTS()
+        if self._timeout is None:
+            pass  # default of all zeros is OK
+        elif self._timeout == 0:
+            timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = win32.MAXDWORD
+        else:
+            timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = max(int(self._timeout * 1000), 1)
+        if self._timeout != 0 and self._inter_byte_timeout is not None:
+            timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = max(int(self._inter_byte_timeout * 1000), 1)
+
+        if self._write_timeout is None:
+            pass
+        elif self._write_timeout == 0:
+            timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = win32.MAXDWORD
+        else:
+            timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = max(int(self._write_timeout * 1000), 1)
+        win32.SetCommTimeouts(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(timeouts))
+
+        win32.SetCommMask(self._port_handle, win32.EV_ERR)
+
+        # Setup the connection info.
+        # Get state and modify it:
+        comDCB = win32.DCB()
+        win32.GetCommState(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(comDCB))
+        comDCB.BaudRate = self._baudrate
+
+        if self._bytesize == serial.FIVEBITS:
+            comDCB.ByteSize = 5
+        elif self._bytesize == serial.SIXBITS:
+            comDCB.ByteSize = 6
+        elif self._bytesize == serial.SEVENBITS:
+            comDCB.ByteSize = 7
+        elif self._bytesize == serial.EIGHTBITS:
+            comDCB.ByteSize = 8
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unsupported number of data bits: {!r}".format(self._bytesize))
+
+        if self._parity == serial.PARITY_NONE:
+            comDCB.Parity = win32.NOPARITY
+            comDCB.fParity = 0  # Disable Parity Check
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_EVEN:
+            comDCB.Parity = win32.EVENPARITY
+            comDCB.fParity = 1  # Enable Parity Check
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_ODD:
+            comDCB.Parity = win32.ODDPARITY
+            comDCB.fParity = 1  # Enable Parity Check
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_MARK:
+            comDCB.Parity = win32.MARKPARITY
+            comDCB.fParity = 1  # Enable Parity Check
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_SPACE:
+            comDCB.Parity = win32.SPACEPARITY
+            comDCB.fParity = 1  # Enable Parity Check
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unsupported parity mode: {!r}".format(self._parity))
+
+        if self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_ONE:
+            comDCB.StopBits = win32.ONESTOPBIT
+        elif self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE:
+            comDCB.StopBits = win32.ONE5STOPBITS
+        elif self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_TWO:
+            comDCB.StopBits = win32.TWOSTOPBITS
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Unsupported number of stop bits: {!r}".format(self._stopbits))
+
+        comDCB.fBinary = 1  # Enable Binary Transmission
+        # Char. w/ Parity-Err are replaced with 0xff (if fErrorChar is set to TRUE)
+        if self._rs485_mode is None:
+            if self._rtscts:
+                comDCB.fRtsControl = win32.RTS_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE
+            else:
+                comDCB.fRtsControl = win32.RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE if self._rts_state else win32.RTS_CONTROL_DISABLE
+            comDCB.fOutxCtsFlow = self._rtscts
+        else:
+            # checks for unsupported settings
+            # XXX verify if platform really does not have a setting for those
+            if not self._rs485_mode.rts_level_for_tx:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    'Unsupported value for RS485Settings.rts_level_for_tx: {!r} (only True is allowed)'.format(
+                        self._rs485_mode.rts_level_for_tx,))
+            if self._rs485_mode.rts_level_for_rx:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    'Unsupported value for RS485Settings.rts_level_for_rx: {!r} (only False is allowed)'.format(
+                        self._rs485_mode.rts_level_for_rx,))
+            if self._rs485_mode.delay_before_tx is not None:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    'Unsupported value for RS485Settings.delay_before_tx: {!r} (only None is allowed)'.format(
+                        self._rs485_mode.delay_before_tx,))
+            if self._rs485_mode.delay_before_rx is not None:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    'Unsupported value for RS485Settings.delay_before_rx: {!r} (only None is allowed)'.format(
+                        self._rs485_mode.delay_before_rx,))
+            if self._rs485_mode.loopback:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    'Unsupported value for RS485Settings.loopback: {!r} (only False is allowed)'.format(
+                        self._rs485_mode.loopback,))
+            comDCB.fRtsControl = win32.RTS_CONTROL_TOGGLE
+            comDCB.fOutxCtsFlow = 0
+
+        if self._dsrdtr:
+            comDCB.fDtrControl = win32.DTR_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE
+        else:
+            comDCB.fDtrControl = win32.DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE if self._dtr_state else win32.DTR_CONTROL_DISABLE
+        comDCB.fOutxDsrFlow = self._dsrdtr
+        comDCB.fOutX = self._xonxoff
+        comDCB.fInX = self._xonxoff
+        comDCB.fNull = 0
+        comDCB.fErrorChar = 0
+        comDCB.fAbortOnError = 0
+        comDCB.XonChar = serial.XON
+        comDCB.XoffChar = serial.XOFF
+
+        if not win32.SetCommState(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(comDCB)):
+            raise SerialException(
+                'Cannot configure port, something went wrong. '
+                'Original message: {!r}'.format(ctypes.WinError()))
+
+    #~ def __del__(self):
+        #~ self.close()
+
+    def _close(self):
+        """internal close port helper"""
+        if self._port_handle is not None:
+            # Restore original timeout values:
+            win32.SetCommTimeouts(self._port_handle, self._orgTimeouts)
+            if self._overlapped_read is not None:
+                self.cancel_read()
+                win32.CloseHandle(self._overlapped_read.hEvent)
+                self._overlapped_read = None
+            if self._overlapped_write is not None:
+                self.cancel_write()
+                win32.CloseHandle(self._overlapped_write.hEvent)
+                self._overlapped_write = None
+            win32.CloseHandle(self._port_handle)
+            self._port_handle = None
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close port"""
+        if self.is_open:
+            self._close()
+            self.is_open = False
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    @property
+    def in_waiting(self):
+        """Return the number of bytes currently in the input buffer."""
+        flags = win32.DWORD()
+        comstat = win32.COMSTAT()
+        if not win32.ClearCommError(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(flags), ctypes.byref(comstat)):
+            raise SerialException("ClearCommError failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError()))
+        return comstat.cbInQue
+
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        """\
+        Read size bytes from the serial port. If a timeout is set it may
+        return less characters as requested. With no timeout it will block
+        until the requested number of bytes is read.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if size > 0:
+            win32.ResetEvent(self._overlapped_read.hEvent)
+            flags = win32.DWORD()
+            comstat = win32.COMSTAT()
+            if not win32.ClearCommError(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(flags), ctypes.byref(comstat)):
+                raise SerialException("ClearCommError failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError()))
+            n = min(comstat.cbInQue, size) if self.timeout == 0 else size
+            if n > 0:
+                buf = ctypes.create_string_buffer(n)
+                rc = win32.DWORD()
+                read_ok = win32.ReadFile(
+                    self._port_handle,
+                    buf,
+                    n,
+                    ctypes.byref(rc),
+                    ctypes.byref(self._overlapped_read))
+                if not read_ok and win32.GetLastError() not in (win32.ERROR_SUCCESS, win32.ERROR_IO_PENDING):
+                    raise SerialException("ReadFile failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError()))
+                result_ok = win32.GetOverlappedResult(
+                    self._port_handle,
+                    ctypes.byref(self._overlapped_read),
+                    ctypes.byref(rc),
+                    True)
+                if not result_ok:
+                    if win32.GetLastError() != win32.ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED:
+                        raise SerialException("GetOverlappedResult failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError()))
+                read = buf.raw[:rc.value]
+            else:
+                read = bytes()
+        else:
+            read = bytes()
+        return bytes(read)
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        """Output the given byte string over the serial port."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        #~ if not isinstance(data, (bytes, bytearray)):
+            #~ raise TypeError('expected %s or bytearray, got %s' % (bytes, type(data)))
+        # convert data (needed in case of memoryview instance: Py 3.1 io lib), ctypes doesn't like memoryview
+        data = to_bytes(data)
+        if data:
+            #~ win32event.ResetEvent(self._overlapped_write.hEvent)
+            n = win32.DWORD()
+            success = win32.WriteFile(self._port_handle, data, len(data), ctypes.byref(n), self._overlapped_write)
+            if self._write_timeout != 0:  # if blocking (None) or w/ write timeout (>0)
+                if not success and win32.GetLastError() not in (win32.ERROR_SUCCESS, win32.ERROR_IO_PENDING):
+                    raise SerialException("WriteFile failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError()))
+
+                # Wait for the write to complete.
+                #~ win32.WaitForSingleObject(self._overlapped_write.hEvent, win32.INFINITE)
+                win32.GetOverlappedResult(self._port_handle, self._overlapped_write, ctypes.byref(n), True)
+                if win32.GetLastError() == win32.ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED:
+                    return n.value  # canceled IO is no error
+                if n.value != len(data):
+                    raise SerialTimeoutException('Write timeout')
+                return n.value
+            else:
+                errorcode = win32.ERROR_SUCCESS if success else win32.GetLastError()
+                if errorcode in (win32.ERROR_INVALID_USER_BUFFER, win32.ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY,
+                                 win32.ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED):
+                    return 0
+                elif errorcode in (win32.ERROR_SUCCESS, win32.ERROR_IO_PENDING):
+                    # no info on true length provided by OS function in async mode
+                    return len(data)
+                else:
+                    raise SerialException("WriteFile failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError()))
+        else:
+            return 0
+
+    def flush(self):
+        """\
+        Flush of file like objects. In this case, wait until all data
+        is written.
+        """
+        while self.out_waiting:
+            time.sleep(0.05)
+        # XXX could also use WaitCommEvent with mask EV_TXEMPTY, but it would
+        # require overlapped IO and it's also only possible to set a single mask
+        # on the port---
+
+    def reset_input_buffer(self):
+        """Clear input buffer, discarding all that is in the buffer."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        win32.PurgeComm(self._port_handle, win32.PURGE_RXCLEAR | win32.PURGE_RXABORT)
+
+    def reset_output_buffer(self):
+        """\
+        Clear output buffer, aborting the current output and discarding all
+        that is in the buffer.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        win32.PurgeComm(self._port_handle, win32.PURGE_TXCLEAR | win32.PURGE_TXABORT)
+
+    def _update_break_state(self):
+        """Set break: Controls TXD. When active, to transmitting is possible."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self._break_state:
+            win32.SetCommBreak(self._port_handle)
+        else:
+            win32.ClearCommBreak(self._port_handle)
+
+    def _update_rts_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Request To Send"""
+        if self._rts_state:
+            win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.SETRTS)
+        else:
+            win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.CLRRTS)
+
+    def _update_dtr_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Data Terminal Ready"""
+        if self._dtr_state:
+            win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.SETDTR)
+        else:
+            win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.CLRDTR)
+
+    def _GetCommModemStatus(self):
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        stat = win32.DWORD()
+        win32.GetCommModemStatus(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(stat))
+        return stat.value
+
+    @property
+    def cts(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Clear To Send"""
+        return win32.MS_CTS_ON & self._GetCommModemStatus() != 0
+
+    @property
+    def dsr(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Data Set Ready"""
+        return win32.MS_DSR_ON & self._GetCommModemStatus() != 0
+
+    @property
+    def ri(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Ring Indicator"""
+        return win32.MS_RING_ON & self._GetCommModemStatus() != 0
+
+    @property
+    def cd(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Carrier Detect"""
+        return win32.MS_RLSD_ON & self._GetCommModemStatus() != 0
+
+    # - - platform specific - - - -
+
+    def set_buffer_size(self, rx_size=4096, tx_size=None):
+        """\
+        Recommend a buffer size to the driver (device driver can ignore this
+        value). Must be called after the port is opened.
+        """
+        if tx_size is None:
+            tx_size = rx_size
+        win32.SetupComm(self._port_handle, rx_size, tx_size)
+
+    def set_output_flow_control(self, enable=True):
+        """\
+        Manually control flow - when software flow control is enabled.
+        This will do the same as if XON (true) or XOFF (false) are received
+        from the other device and control the transmission accordingly.
+        WARNING: this function is not portable to different platforms!
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if enable:
+            win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.SETXON)
+        else:
+            win32.EscapeCommFunction(self._port_handle, win32.SETXOFF)
+
+    @property
+    def out_waiting(self):
+        """Return how many bytes the in the outgoing buffer"""
+        flags = win32.DWORD()
+        comstat = win32.COMSTAT()
+        if not win32.ClearCommError(self._port_handle, ctypes.byref(flags), ctypes.byref(comstat)):
+            raise SerialException("ClearCommError failed ({!r})".format(ctypes.WinError()))
+        return comstat.cbOutQue
+
+    def _cancel_overlapped_io(self, overlapped):
+        """Cancel a blocking read operation, may be called from other thread"""
+        # check if read operation is pending
+        rc = win32.DWORD()
+        err = win32.GetOverlappedResult(
+            self._port_handle,
+            ctypes.byref(overlapped),
+            ctypes.byref(rc),
+            False)
+        if not err and win32.GetLastError() in (win32.ERROR_IO_PENDING, win32.ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE):
+            # cancel, ignoring any errors (e.g. it may just have finished on its own)
+            win32.CancelIoEx(self._port_handle, overlapped)
+
+    def cancel_read(self):
+        """Cancel a blocking read operation, may be called from other thread"""
+        self._cancel_overlapped_io(self._overlapped_read)
+
+    def cancel_write(self):
+        """Cancel a blocking write operation, may be called from other thread"""
+        self._cancel_overlapped_io(self._overlapped_write)
+
+    @SerialBase.exclusive.setter
+    def exclusive(self, exclusive):
+        """Change the exclusive access setting."""
+        if exclusive is not None and not exclusive:
+            raise ValueError('win32 only supports exclusive access (not: {})'.format(exclusive))
+        else:
+            serial.SerialBase.exclusive.__set__(self, exclusive)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/threaded/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/threaded/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8940b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/threaded/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Working with threading and pySerial
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2015-2016 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+"""\
+Support threading with serial ports.
+"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import serial
+import threading
+
+
+class Protocol(object):
+    """\
+    Protocol as used by the ReaderThread. This base class provides empty
+    implementations of all methods.
+    """
+
+    def connection_made(self, transport):
+        """Called when reader thread is started"""
+
+    def data_received(self, data):
+        """Called with snippets received from the serial port"""
+
+    def connection_lost(self, exc):
+        """\
+        Called when the serial port is closed or the reader loop terminated
+        otherwise.
+        """
+        if isinstance(exc, Exception):
+            raise exc
+
+
+class Packetizer(Protocol):
+    """
+    Read binary packets from serial port. Packets are expected to be terminated
+    with a TERMINATOR byte (null byte by default).
+
+    The class also keeps track of the transport.
+    """
+
+    TERMINATOR = b'\0'
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.buffer = bytearray()
+        self.transport = None
+
+    def connection_made(self, transport):
+        """Store transport"""
+        self.transport = transport
+
+    def connection_lost(self, exc):
+        """Forget transport"""
+        self.transport = None
+        super(Packetizer, self).connection_lost(exc)
+
+    def data_received(self, data):
+        """Buffer received data, find TERMINATOR, call handle_packet"""
+        self.buffer.extend(data)
+        while self.TERMINATOR in self.buffer:
+            packet, self.buffer = self.buffer.split(self.TERMINATOR, 1)
+            self.handle_packet(packet)
+
+    def handle_packet(self, packet):
+        """Process packets - to be overridden by subclassing"""
+        raise NotImplementedError('please implement functionality in handle_packet')
+
+
+class FramedPacket(Protocol):
+    """
+    Read binary packets. Packets are expected to have a start and stop marker.
+
+    The class also keeps track of the transport.
+    """
+
+    START = b'('
+    STOP = b')'
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.packet = bytearray()
+        self.in_packet = False
+        self.transport = None
+
+    def connection_made(self, transport):
+        """Store transport"""
+        self.transport = transport
+
+    def connection_lost(self, exc):
+        """Forget transport"""
+        self.transport = None
+        self.in_packet = False
+        del self.packet[:]
+        super(FramedPacket, self).connection_lost(exc)
+
+    def data_received(self, data):
+        """Find data enclosed in START/STOP, call handle_packet"""
+        for byte in serial.iterbytes(data):
+            if byte == self.START:
+                self.in_packet = True
+            elif byte == self.STOP:
+                self.in_packet = False
+                self.handle_packet(bytes(self.packet)) # make read-only copy
+                del self.packet[:]
+            elif self.in_packet:
+                self.packet.extend(byte)
+            else:
+                self.handle_out_of_packet_data(byte)
+
+    def handle_packet(self, packet):
+        """Process packets - to be overridden by subclassing"""
+        raise NotImplementedError('please implement functionality in handle_packet')
+
+    def handle_out_of_packet_data(self, data):
+        """Process data that is received outside of packets"""
+        pass
+
+
+class LineReader(Packetizer):
+    """
+    Read and write (Unicode) lines from/to serial port.
+    The encoding is applied.
+    """
+
+    TERMINATOR = b'\r\n'
+    ENCODING = 'utf-8'
+    UNICODE_HANDLING = 'replace'
+
+    def handle_packet(self, packet):
+        self.handle_line(packet.decode(self.ENCODING, self.UNICODE_HANDLING))
+
+    def handle_line(self, line):
+        """Process one line - to be overridden by subclassing"""
+        raise NotImplementedError('please implement functionality in handle_line')
+
+    def write_line(self, text):
+        """
+        Write text to the transport. ``text`` is a Unicode string and the encoding
+        is applied before sending ans also the newline is append.
+        """
+        # + is not the best choice but bytes does not support % or .format in py3 and we want a single write call
+        self.transport.write(text.encode(self.ENCODING, self.UNICODE_HANDLING) + self.TERMINATOR)
+
+
+class ReaderThread(threading.Thread):
+    """\
+    Implement a serial port read loop and dispatch to a Protocol instance (like
+    the asyncio.Protocol) but do it with threads.
+
+    Calls to close() will close the serial port but it is also possible to just
+    stop() this thread and continue the serial port instance otherwise.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, serial_instance, protocol_factory):
+        """\
+        Initialize thread.
+
+        Note that the serial_instance' timeout is set to one second!
+        Other settings are not changed.
+        """
+        super(ReaderThread, self).__init__()
+        self.daemon = True
+        self.serial = serial_instance
+        self.protocol_factory = protocol_factory
+        self.alive = True
+        self._lock = threading.Lock()
+        self._connection_made = threading.Event()
+        self.protocol = None
+
+    def stop(self):
+        """Stop the reader thread"""
+        self.alive = False
+        if hasattr(self.serial, 'cancel_read'):
+            self.serial.cancel_read()
+        self.join(2)
+
+    def run(self):
+        """Reader loop"""
+        if not hasattr(self.serial, 'cancel_read'):
+            self.serial.timeout = 1
+        self.protocol = self.protocol_factory()
+        try:
+            self.protocol.connection_made(self)
+        except Exception as e:
+            self.alive = False
+            self.protocol.connection_lost(e)
+            self._connection_made.set()
+            return
+        error = None
+        self._connection_made.set()
+        while self.alive and self.serial.is_open:
+            try:
+                # read all that is there or wait for one byte (blocking)
+                data = self.serial.read(self.serial.in_waiting or 1)
+            except serial.SerialException as e:
+                # probably some I/O problem such as disconnected USB serial
+                # adapters -> exit
+                error = e
+                break
+            else:
+                if data:
+                    # make a separated try-except for called user code
+                    try:
+                        self.protocol.data_received(data)
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        error = e
+                        break
+        self.alive = False
+        self.protocol.connection_lost(error)
+        self.protocol = None
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        """Thread safe writing (uses lock)"""
+        with self._lock:
+            return self.serial.write(data)
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close the serial port and exit reader thread (uses lock)"""
+        # use the lock to let other threads finish writing
+        with self._lock:
+            # first stop reading, so that closing can be done on idle port
+            self.stop()
+            self.serial.close()
+
+    def connect(self):
+        """
+        Wait until connection is set up and return the transport and protocol
+        instances.
+        """
+        if self.alive:
+            self._connection_made.wait()
+            if not self.alive:
+                raise RuntimeError('connection_lost already called')
+            return (self, self.protocol)
+        else:
+            raise RuntimeError('already stopped')
+
+    # - -  context manager, returns protocol
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        """\
+        Enter context handler. May raise RuntimeError in case the connection
+        could not be created.
+        """
+        self.start()
+        self._connection_made.wait()
+        if not self.alive:
+            raise RuntimeError('connection_lost already called')
+        return self.protocol
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+        """Leave context: close port"""
+        self.close()
+
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+# test
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    # pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
+    import sys
+    import time
+    import traceback
+
+    #~ PORT = 'spy:///dev/ttyUSB0'
+    PORT = 'loop://'
+
+    class PrintLines(LineReader):
+        def connection_made(self, transport):
+            super(PrintLines, self).connection_made(transport)
+            sys.stdout.write('port opened\n')
+            self.write_line('hello world')
+
+        def handle_line(self, data):
+            sys.stdout.write('line received: {!r}\n'.format(data))
+
+        def connection_lost(self, exc):
+            if exc:
+                traceback.print_exc(exc)
+            sys.stdout.write('port closed\n')
+
+    ser = serial.serial_for_url(PORT, baudrate=115200, timeout=1)
+    with ReaderThread(ser, PrintLines) as protocol:
+        protocol.write_line('hello')
+        time.sleep(2)
+
+    # alternative usage
+    ser = serial.serial_for_url(PORT, baudrate=115200, timeout=1)
+    t = ReaderThread(ser, PrintLines)
+    t.start()
+    transport, protocol = t.connect()
+    protocol.write_line('hello')
+    time.sleep(2)
+    t.close()
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/__pycache__/miniterm.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/__pycache__/miniterm.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/hexlify_codec.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/hexlify_codec.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd8f6b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/hexlify_codec.py
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#! python
+#
+# This is a codec to create and decode hexdumps with spaces between characters. used by miniterm.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2015-2016 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+"""\
+Python 'hex' Codec - 2-digit hex with spaces content transfer encoding.
+
+Encode and decode may be a bit missleading at first sight...
+
+The textual representation is a hex dump: e.g. "40 41"
+The "encoded" data of this is the binary form, e.g. b"@A"
+
+Therefore decoding is binary to text and thus converting binary data to hex dump.
+
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import codecs
+import serial
+
+
+try:
+    unicode
+except (NameError, AttributeError):
+    unicode = str       # for Python 3, pylint: disable=redefined-builtin,invalid-name
+
+
+HEXDIGITS = '0123456789ABCDEF'
+
+
+# Codec APIs
+
+def hex_encode(data, errors='strict'):
+    """'40 41 42' -> b'@ab'"""
+    return (serial.to_bytes([int(h, 16) for h in data.split()]), len(data))
+
+
+def hex_decode(data, errors='strict'):
+    """b'@ab' -> '40 41 42'"""
+    return (unicode(''.join('{:02X} '.format(ord(b)) for b in serial.iterbytes(data))), len(data))
+
+
+class Codec(codecs.Codec):
+    def encode(self, data, errors='strict'):
+        """'40 41 42' -> b'@ab'"""
+        return serial.to_bytes([int(h, 16) for h in data.split()])
+
+    def decode(self, data, errors='strict'):
+        """b'@ab' -> '40 41 42'"""
+        return unicode(''.join('{:02X} '.format(ord(b)) for b in serial.iterbytes(data)))
+
+
+class IncrementalEncoder(codecs.IncrementalEncoder):
+    """Incremental hex encoder"""
+
+    def __init__(self, errors='strict'):
+        self.errors = errors
+        self.state = 0
+
+    def reset(self):
+        self.state = 0
+
+    def getstate(self):
+        return self.state
+
+    def setstate(self, state):
+        self.state = state
+
+    def encode(self, data, final=False):
+        """\
+        Incremental encode, keep track of digits and emit a byte when a pair
+        of hex digits is found. The space is optional unless the error
+        handling is defined to be 'strict'.
+        """
+        state = self.state
+        encoded = []
+        for c in data.upper():
+            if c in HEXDIGITS:
+                z = HEXDIGITS.index(c)
+                if state:
+                    encoded.append(z + (state & 0xf0))
+                    state = 0
+                else:
+                    state = 0x100 + (z << 4)
+            elif c == ' ':      # allow spaces to separate values
+                if state and self.errors == 'strict':
+                    raise UnicodeError('odd number of hex digits')
+                state = 0
+            else:
+                if self.errors == 'strict':
+                    raise UnicodeError('non-hex digit found: {!r}'.format(c))
+        self.state = state
+        return serial.to_bytes(encoded)
+
+
+class IncrementalDecoder(codecs.IncrementalDecoder):
+    """Incremental decoder"""
+    def decode(self, data, final=False):
+        return unicode(''.join('{:02X} '.format(ord(b)) for b in serial.iterbytes(data)))
+
+
+class StreamWriter(Codec, codecs.StreamWriter):
+    """Combination of hexlify codec and StreamWriter"""
+
+
+class StreamReader(Codec, codecs.StreamReader):
+    """Combination of hexlify codec and StreamReader"""
+
+
+def getregentry():
+    """encodings module API"""
+    return codecs.CodecInfo(
+        name='hexlify',
+        encode=hex_encode,
+        decode=hex_decode,
+        incrementalencoder=IncrementalEncoder,
+        incrementaldecoder=IncrementalDecoder,
+        streamwriter=StreamWriter,
+        streamreader=StreamReader,
+        #~ _is_text_encoding=True,
+    )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d7e3d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports.py
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# Serial port enumeration. Console tool and backend selection.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2011-2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+"""\
+This module will provide a function called comports that returns an
+iterable (generator or list) that will enumerate available com ports. Note that
+on some systems non-existent ports may be listed.
+
+Additionally a grep function is supplied that can be used to search for ports
+based on their descriptions or hardware ID.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import sys
+import os
+import re
+
+# chose an implementation, depending on os
+#~ if sys.platform == 'cli':
+#~ else:
+if os.name == 'nt':  # sys.platform == 'win32':
+    from serial.tools.list_ports_windows import comports
+elif os.name == 'posix':
+    from serial.tools.list_ports_posix import comports
+#~ elif os.name == 'java':
+else:
+    raise ImportError("Sorry: no implementation for your platform ('{}') available".format(os.name))
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+
+def grep(regexp, include_links=False):
+    """\
+    Search for ports using a regular expression. Port name, description and
+    hardware ID are searched. The function returns an iterable that returns the
+    same tuples as comport() would do.
+    """
+    r = re.compile(regexp, re.I)
+    for info in comports(include_links):
+        port, desc, hwid = info
+        if r.search(port) or r.search(desc) or r.search(hwid):
+            yield info
+
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+def main():
+    import argparse
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Serial port enumeration')
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        'regexp',
+        nargs='?',
+        help='only show ports that match this regex')
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-v', '--verbose',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='show more messages')
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-q', '--quiet',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='suppress all messages')
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-n',
+        type=int,
+        help='only output the N-th entry')
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        '-s', '--include-links',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='include entries that are symlinks to real devices')
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    hits = 0
+    # get iteraror w/ or w/o filter
+    if args.regexp:
+        if not args.quiet:
+            sys.stderr.write("Filtered list with regexp: {!r}\n".format(args.regexp))
+        iterator = sorted(grep(args.regexp, include_links=args.include_links))
+    else:
+        iterator = sorted(comports(include_links=args.include_links))
+    # list them
+    for n, (port, desc, hwid) in enumerate(iterator, 1):
+        if args.n is None or args.n == n:
+            sys.stdout.write("{:20}\n".format(port))
+            if args.verbose:
+                sys.stdout.write("    desc: {}\n".format(desc))
+                sys.stdout.write("    hwid: {}\n".format(hwid))
+        hits += 1
+    if not args.quiet:
+        if hits:
+            sys.stderr.write("{} ports found\n".format(hits))
+        else:
+            sys.stderr.write("no ports found\n")
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+# test
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_common.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_common.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..617f3dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_common.py
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# This is a helper module for the various platform dependent list_port
+# implementations.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import re
+import glob
+import os
+import os.path
+
+
+def numsplit(text):
+    """\
+    Convert string into a list of texts and numbers in order to support a
+    natural sorting.
+    """
+    result = []
+    for group in re.split(r'(\d+)', text):
+        if group:
+            try:
+                group = int(group)
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+            result.append(group)
+    return result
+
+
+class ListPortInfo(object):
+    """Info collection base class for serial ports"""
+
+    def __init__(self, device, skip_link_detection=False):
+        self.device = device
+        self.name = os.path.basename(device)
+        self.description = 'n/a'
+        self.hwid = 'n/a'
+        # USB specific data
+        self.vid = None
+        self.pid = None
+        self.serial_number = None
+        self.location = None
+        self.manufacturer = None
+        self.product = None
+        self.interface = None
+        # special handling for links
+        if not skip_link_detection and device is not None and os.path.islink(device):
+            self.hwid = 'LINK={}'.format(os.path.realpath(device))
+
+    def usb_description(self):
+        """return a short string to name the port based on USB info"""
+        if self.interface is not None:
+            return '{} - {}'.format(self.product, self.interface)
+        elif self.product is not None:
+            return self.product
+        else:
+            return self.name
+
+    def usb_info(self):
+        """return a string with USB related information about device"""
+        return 'USB VID:PID={:04X}:{:04X}{}{}'.format(
+            self.vid or 0,
+            self.pid or 0,
+            ' SER={}'.format(self.serial_number) if self.serial_number is not None else '',
+            ' LOCATION={}'.format(self.location) if self.location is not None else '')
+
+    def apply_usb_info(self):
+        """update description and hwid from USB data"""
+        self.description = self.usb_description()
+        self.hwid = self.usb_info()
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, ListPortInfo) and self.device == other.device
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self.device)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, ListPortInfo):
+            raise TypeError('unorderable types: {}() and {}()'.format(
+                type(self).__name__,
+                type(other).__name__))
+        return numsplit(self.device) < numsplit(other.device)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '{} - {}'.format(self.device, self.description)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        """Item access: backwards compatible -> (port, desc, hwid)"""
+        if index == 0:
+            return self.device
+        elif index == 1:
+            return self.description
+        elif index == 2:
+            return self.hwid
+        else:
+            raise IndexError('{} > 2'.format(index))
+
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+def list_links(devices):
+    """\
+    search all /dev devices and look for symlinks to known ports already
+    listed in devices.
+    """
+    links = []
+    for device in glob.glob('/dev/*'):
+        if os.path.islink(device) and os.path.realpath(device) in devices:
+            links.append(device)
+    return links
+
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+# test
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print(ListPortInfo('dummy'))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_linux.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_linux.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8c1cfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_linux.py
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# This is a module that gathers a list of serial ports including details on
+# GNU/Linux systems.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2011-2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import glob
+import os
+from serial.tools import list_ports_common
+
+
+class SysFS(list_ports_common.ListPortInfo):
+    """Wrapper for easy sysfs access and device info"""
+
+    def __init__(self, device):
+        super(SysFS, self).__init__(device)
+        # special handling for links
+        if device is not None and os.path.islink(device):
+            device = os.path.realpath(device)
+            is_link = True
+        else:
+            is_link = False
+        self.usb_device_path = None
+        if os.path.exists('/sys/class/tty/{}/device'.format(self.name)):
+            self.device_path = os.path.realpath('/sys/class/tty/{}/device'.format(self.name))
+            self.subsystem = os.path.basename(os.path.realpath(os.path.join(self.device_path, 'subsystem')))
+        else:
+            self.device_path = None
+            self.subsystem = None
+        # check device type
+        if self.subsystem == 'usb-serial':
+            self.usb_interface_path = os.path.dirname(self.device_path)
+        elif self.subsystem == 'usb':
+            self.usb_interface_path = self.device_path
+        else:
+            self.usb_interface_path = None
+        # fill-in info for USB devices
+        if self.usb_interface_path is not None:
+            self.usb_device_path = os.path.dirname(self.usb_interface_path)
+
+            try:
+                num_if = int(self.read_line(self.usb_device_path, 'bNumInterfaces'))
+            except ValueError:
+                num_if = 1
+
+            self.vid = int(self.read_line(self.usb_device_path, 'idVendor'), 16)
+            self.pid = int(self.read_line(self.usb_device_path, 'idProduct'), 16)
+            self.serial_number = self.read_line(self.usb_device_path, 'serial')
+            if num_if > 1:  # multi interface devices like FT4232
+                self.location = os.path.basename(self.usb_interface_path)
+            else:
+                self.location = os.path.basename(self.usb_device_path)
+
+            self.manufacturer = self.read_line(self.usb_device_path, 'manufacturer')
+            self.product = self.read_line(self.usb_device_path, 'product')
+            self.interface = self.read_line(self.usb_interface_path, 'interface')
+
+        if self.subsystem in ('usb', 'usb-serial'):
+            self.apply_usb_info()
+        #~ elif self.subsystem in ('pnp', 'amba'):  # PCI based devices, raspi
+        elif self.subsystem == 'pnp':  # PCI based devices
+            self.description = self.name
+            self.hwid = self.read_line(self.device_path, 'id')
+        elif self.subsystem == 'amba':  # raspi
+            self.description = self.name
+            self.hwid = os.path.basename(self.device_path)
+
+        if is_link:
+            self.hwid += ' LINK={}'.format(device)
+
+    def read_line(self, *args):
+        """\
+        Helper function to read a single line from a file.
+        One or more parameters are allowed, they are joined with os.path.join.
+        Returns None on errors..
+        """
+        try:
+            with open(os.path.join(*args)) as f:
+                line = f.readline().strip()
+            return line
+        except IOError:
+            return None
+
+
+def comports(include_links=False):
+    devices = glob.glob('/dev/ttyS*')           # built-in serial ports
+    devices.extend(glob.glob('/dev/ttyUSB*'))   # usb-serial with own driver
+    devices.extend(glob.glob('/dev/ttyXRUSB*')) # xr-usb-serial port exar (DELL Edge 3001)
+    devices.extend(glob.glob('/dev/ttyACM*'))   # usb-serial with CDC-ACM profile
+    devices.extend(glob.glob('/dev/ttyAMA*'))   # ARM internal port (raspi)
+    devices.extend(glob.glob('/dev/rfcomm*'))   # BT serial devices
+    devices.extend(glob.glob('/dev/ttyAP*'))    # Advantech multi-port serial controllers
+    if include_links:
+        devices.extend(list_ports_common.list_links(devices))
+    return [info
+            for info in [SysFS(d) for d in devices]
+            if info.subsystem != "platform"]    # hide non-present internal serial ports
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+# test
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    for info in sorted(comports()):
+        print("{0}: {0.subsystem}".format(info))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_osx.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_osx.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51b4e8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_osx.py
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# This is a module that gathers a list of serial ports including details on OSX
+#
+# code originally from https://github.com/makerbot/pyserial/tree/master/serial/tools
+# with contributions from cibomahto, dgs3, FarMcKon, tedbrandston
+# and modifications by cliechti, hoihu, hardkrash
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2013-2020
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+
+# List all of the callout devices in OS/X by querying IOKit.
+
+# See the following for a reference of how to do this:
+# http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/DeviceDrivers/Conceptual/WorkingWSerial/WWSerial_SerialDevs/SerialDevices.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP30000384-CIHGEAFD
+
+# More help from darwin_hid.py
+
+# Also see the 'IORegistryExplorer' for an idea of what we are actually searching
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import ctypes
+
+from serial.tools import list_ports_common
+
+iokit = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary('/System/Library/Frameworks/IOKit.framework/IOKit')
+cf = ctypes.cdll.LoadLibrary('/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/CoreFoundation')
+
+# kIOMasterPortDefault is no longer exported in BigSur but no biggie, using NULL works just the same
+kIOMasterPortDefault = 0 # WAS: ctypes.c_void_p.in_dll(iokit, "kIOMasterPortDefault")
+kCFAllocatorDefault = ctypes.c_void_p.in_dll(cf, "kCFAllocatorDefault")
+
+kCFStringEncodingMacRoman = 0
+kCFStringEncodingUTF8 = 0x08000100
+
+# defined in `IOKit/usb/USBSpec.h`
+kUSBVendorString = 'USB Vendor Name'
+kUSBSerialNumberString = 'USB Serial Number'
+
+# `io_name_t` defined as `typedef char io_name_t[128];`
+# in `device/device_types.h`
+io_name_size = 128
+
+# defined in `mach/kern_return.h`
+KERN_SUCCESS = 0
+# kern_return_t defined as `typedef int kern_return_t;` in `mach/i386/kern_return.h`
+kern_return_t = ctypes.c_int
+
+iokit.IOServiceMatching.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
+
+iokit.IOServiceGetMatchingServices.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p]
+iokit.IOServiceGetMatchingServices.restype = kern_return_t
+
+iokit.IORegistryEntryGetParentEntry.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p]
+iokit.IOServiceGetMatchingServices.restype = kern_return_t
+
+iokit.IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_uint32]
+iokit.IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
+
+iokit.IORegistryEntryGetPath.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p]
+iokit.IORegistryEntryGetPath.restype = kern_return_t
+
+iokit.IORegistryEntryGetName.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p]
+iokit.IORegistryEntryGetName.restype = kern_return_t
+
+iokit.IOObjectGetClass.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p]
+iokit.IOObjectGetClass.restype = kern_return_t
+
+iokit.IOObjectRelease.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
+
+
+cf.CFStringCreateWithCString.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_int32]
+cf.CFStringCreateWithCString.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
+
+cf.CFStringGetCStringPtr.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_uint32]
+cf.CFStringGetCStringPtr.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
+
+cf.CFStringGetCString.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_long, ctypes.c_uint32]
+cf.CFStringGetCString.restype = ctypes.c_bool
+
+cf.CFNumberGetValue.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p, ctypes.c_uint32, ctypes.c_void_p]
+cf.CFNumberGetValue.restype = ctypes.c_void_p
+
+# void CFRelease ( CFTypeRef cf );
+cf.CFRelease.argtypes = [ctypes.c_void_p]
+cf.CFRelease.restype = None
+
+# CFNumber type defines
+kCFNumberSInt8Type = 1
+kCFNumberSInt16Type = 2
+kCFNumberSInt32Type = 3
+kCFNumberSInt64Type = 4
+
+
+def get_string_property(device_type, property):
+    """
+    Search the given device for the specified string property
+
+    @param device_type Type of Device
+    @param property String to search for
+    @return Python string containing the value, or None if not found.
+    """
+    key = cf.CFStringCreateWithCString(
+            kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            property.encode("utf-8"),
+            kCFStringEncodingUTF8)
+
+    CFContainer = iokit.IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty(
+            device_type,
+            key,
+            kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            0)
+    output = None
+
+    if CFContainer:
+        output = cf.CFStringGetCStringPtr(CFContainer, 0)
+        if output is not None:
+            output = output.decode('utf-8')
+        else:
+            buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(io_name_size);
+            success = cf.CFStringGetCString(CFContainer, ctypes.byref(buffer), io_name_size, kCFStringEncodingUTF8)
+            if success:
+                output = buffer.value.decode('utf-8')
+        cf.CFRelease(CFContainer)
+    return output
+
+
+def get_int_property(device_type, property, cf_number_type):
+    """
+    Search the given device for the specified string property
+
+    @param device_type Device to search
+    @param property String to search for
+    @param cf_number_type CFType number
+
+    @return Python string containing the value, or None if not found.
+    """
+    key = cf.CFStringCreateWithCString(
+            kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            property.encode("utf-8"),
+            kCFStringEncodingUTF8)
+
+    CFContainer = iokit.IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty(
+            device_type,
+            key,
+            kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            0)
+
+    if CFContainer:
+        if (cf_number_type == kCFNumberSInt32Type):
+            number = ctypes.c_uint32()
+        elif (cf_number_type == kCFNumberSInt16Type):
+            number = ctypes.c_uint16()
+        cf.CFNumberGetValue(CFContainer, cf_number_type, ctypes.byref(number))
+        cf.CFRelease(CFContainer)
+        return number.value
+    return None
+
+def IORegistryEntryGetName(device):
+    devicename = ctypes.create_string_buffer(io_name_size);
+    res = iokit.IORegistryEntryGetName(device, ctypes.byref(devicename))
+    if res != KERN_SUCCESS:
+        return None
+    # this works in python2 but may not be valid. Also I don't know if
+    # this encoding is guaranteed. It may be dependent on system locale.
+    return devicename.value.decode('utf-8')
+
+def IOObjectGetClass(device):
+    classname = ctypes.create_string_buffer(io_name_size)
+    iokit.IOObjectGetClass(device, ctypes.byref(classname))
+    return classname.value
+
+def GetParentDeviceByType(device, parent_type):
+    """ Find the first parent of a device that implements the parent_type
+        @param IOService Service to inspect
+        @return Pointer to the parent type, or None if it was not found.
+    """
+    # First, try to walk up the IOService tree to find a parent of this device that is a IOUSBDevice.
+    parent_type = parent_type.encode('utf-8')
+    while IOObjectGetClass(device) != parent_type:
+        parent = ctypes.c_void_p()
+        response = iokit.IORegistryEntryGetParentEntry(
+                device,
+                "IOService".encode("utf-8"),
+                ctypes.byref(parent))
+        # If we weren't able to find a parent for the device, we're done.
+        if response != KERN_SUCCESS:
+            return None
+        device = parent
+    return device
+
+
+def GetIOServicesByType(service_type):
+    """
+    returns iterator over specified service_type
+    """
+    serial_port_iterator = ctypes.c_void_p()
+
+    iokit.IOServiceGetMatchingServices(
+            kIOMasterPortDefault,
+            iokit.IOServiceMatching(service_type.encode('utf-8')),
+            ctypes.byref(serial_port_iterator))
+
+    services = []
+    while iokit.IOIteratorIsValid(serial_port_iterator):
+        service = iokit.IOIteratorNext(serial_port_iterator)
+        if not service:
+            break
+        services.append(service)
+    iokit.IOObjectRelease(serial_port_iterator)
+    return services
+
+
+def location_to_string(locationID):
+    """
+    helper to calculate port and bus number from locationID
+    """
+    loc = ['{}-'.format(locationID >> 24)]
+    while locationID & 0xf00000:
+        if len(loc) > 1:
+            loc.append('.')
+        loc.append('{}'.format((locationID >> 20) & 0xf))
+        locationID <<= 4
+    return ''.join(loc)
+
+
+class SuitableSerialInterface(object):
+    pass
+
+
+def scan_interfaces():
+    """
+    helper function to scan USB interfaces
+    returns a list of SuitableSerialInterface objects with name and id attributes
+    """
+    interfaces = []
+    for service in GetIOServicesByType('IOSerialBSDClient'):
+        device = get_string_property(service, "IOCalloutDevice")
+        if device:
+            usb_device = GetParentDeviceByType(service, "IOUSBInterface")
+            if usb_device:
+                name = get_string_property(usb_device, "USB Interface Name") or None
+                locationID = get_int_property(usb_device, "locationID", kCFNumberSInt32Type) or ''
+                i = SuitableSerialInterface()
+                i.id = locationID
+                i.name = name
+                interfaces.append(i)
+    return interfaces
+
+
+def search_for_locationID_in_interfaces(serial_interfaces, locationID):
+    for interface in serial_interfaces:
+        if (interface.id == locationID):
+            return interface.name
+    return None
+
+
+def comports(include_links=False):
+    # XXX include_links is currently ignored. are links in /dev even supported here?
+    # Scan for all iokit serial ports
+    services = GetIOServicesByType('IOSerialBSDClient')
+    ports = []
+    serial_interfaces = scan_interfaces()
+    for service in services:
+        # First, add the callout device file.
+        device = get_string_property(service, "IOCalloutDevice")
+        if device:
+            info = list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(device)
+            # If the serial port is implemented by IOUSBDevice
+            # NOTE IOUSBDevice was deprecated as of 10.11 and finally on Apple Silicon
+            # devices has been completely removed.  Thanks to @oskay for this patch.
+            usb_device = GetParentDeviceByType(service, "IOUSBHostDevice")
+            if not usb_device:
+                usb_device = GetParentDeviceByType(service, "IOUSBDevice")
+            if usb_device:
+                # fetch some useful informations from properties
+                info.vid = get_int_property(usb_device, "idVendor", kCFNumberSInt16Type)
+                info.pid = get_int_property(usb_device, "idProduct", kCFNumberSInt16Type)
+                info.serial_number = get_string_property(usb_device, kUSBSerialNumberString)
+                # We know this is a usb device, so the
+                # IORegistryEntryName should always be aliased to the
+                # usb product name string descriptor.
+                info.product = IORegistryEntryGetName(usb_device) or 'n/a'
+                info.manufacturer = get_string_property(usb_device, kUSBVendorString)
+                locationID = get_int_property(usb_device, "locationID", kCFNumberSInt32Type)
+                info.location = location_to_string(locationID)
+                info.interface = search_for_locationID_in_interfaces(serial_interfaces, locationID)
+                info.apply_usb_info()
+            ports.append(info)
+    return ports
+
+# test
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    for port, desc, hwid in sorted(comports()):
+        print("{}: {} [{}]".format(port, desc, hwid))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_posix.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_posix.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79bc8ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_posix.py
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# This is a module that gathers a list of serial ports on POSIXy systems.
+# For some specific implementations, see also list_ports_linux, list_ports_osx
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2011-2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+"""\
+The ``comports`` function is expected to return an iterable that yields tuples
+of 3 strings: port name, human readable description and a hardware ID.
+
+As currently no method is known to get the second two strings easily, they are
+currently just identical to the port name.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import glob
+import sys
+import os
+from serial.tools import list_ports_common
+
+# try to detect the OS so that a device can be selected...
+plat = sys.platform.lower()
+
+if plat[:5] == 'linux':    # Linux (confirmed)  # noqa
+    from serial.tools.list_ports_linux import comports
+
+elif plat[:6] == 'darwin':   # OS X (confirmed)
+    from serial.tools.list_ports_osx import comports
+
+elif plat == 'cygwin':       # cygwin/win32
+    # cygwin accepts /dev/com* in many contexts
+    # (such as 'open' call, explicit 'ls'), but 'glob.glob'
+    # and bare 'ls' do not; so use /dev/ttyS* instead
+    def comports(include_links=False):
+        devices = glob.glob('/dev/ttyS*')
+        if include_links:
+            devices.extend(list_ports_common.list_links(devices))
+        return [list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(d) for d in devices]
+
+elif plat[:7] == 'openbsd':    # OpenBSD
+    def comports(include_links=False):
+        devices = glob.glob('/dev/cua*')
+        if include_links:
+            devices.extend(list_ports_common.list_links(devices))
+        return [list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(d) for d in devices]
+
+elif plat[:3] == 'bsd' or plat[:7] == 'freebsd':
+    def comports(include_links=False):
+        devices = glob.glob('/dev/cua*[!.init][!.lock]')
+        if include_links:
+            devices.extend(list_ports_common.list_links(devices))
+        return [list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(d) for d in devices]
+
+elif plat[:6] == 'netbsd':   # NetBSD
+    def comports(include_links=False):
+        """scan for available ports. return a list of device names."""
+        devices = glob.glob('/dev/dty*')
+        if include_links:
+            devices.extend(list_ports_common.list_links(devices))
+        return [list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(d) for d in devices]
+
+elif plat[:4] == 'irix':     # IRIX
+    def comports(include_links=False):
+        """scan for available ports. return a list of device names."""
+        devices = glob.glob('/dev/ttyf*')
+        if include_links:
+            devices.extend(list_ports_common.list_links(devices))
+        return [list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(d) for d in devices]
+
+elif plat[:2] == 'hp':       # HP-UX (not tested)
+    def comports(include_links=False):
+        """scan for available ports. return a list of device names."""
+        devices = glob.glob('/dev/tty*p0')
+        if include_links:
+            devices.extend(list_ports_common.list_links(devices))
+        return [list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(d) for d in devices]
+
+elif plat[:5] == 'sunos':    # Solaris/SunOS
+    def comports(include_links=False):
+        """scan for available ports. return a list of device names."""
+        devices = glob.glob('/dev/tty*c')
+        if include_links:
+            devices.extend(list_ports_common.list_links(devices))
+        return [list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(d) for d in devices]
+
+elif plat[:3] == 'aix':      # AIX
+    def comports(include_links=False):
+        """scan for available ports. return a list of device names."""
+        devices = glob.glob('/dev/tty*')
+        if include_links:
+            devices.extend(list_ports_common.list_links(devices))
+        return [list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(d) for d in devices]
+
+else:
+    # platform detection has failed...
+    import serial
+    sys.stderr.write("""\
+don't know how to enumerate ttys on this system.
+! I you know how the serial ports are named send this information to
+! the author of this module:
+
+sys.platform = {!r}
+os.name = {!r}
+pySerial version = {}
+
+also add the naming scheme of the serial ports and with a bit luck you can get
+this module running...
+""".format(sys.platform, os.name, serial.VERSION))
+    raise ImportError("Sorry: no implementation for your platform ('{}') available".format(os.name))
+
+# test
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    for port, desc, hwid in sorted(comports()):
+        print("{}: {} [{}]".format(port, desc, hwid))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_windows.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_windows.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b4a5b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/list_ports_windows.py
@@ -0,0 +1,427 @@
+#! python
+#
+# Enumerate serial ports on Windows including a human readable description
+# and hardware information.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2001-2016 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+# pylint: disable=invalid-name,too-few-public-methods
+import re
+import ctypes
+from ctypes.wintypes import BOOL
+from ctypes.wintypes import HWND
+from ctypes.wintypes import DWORD
+from ctypes.wintypes import WORD
+from ctypes.wintypes import LONG
+from ctypes.wintypes import ULONG
+from ctypes.wintypes import HKEY
+from ctypes.wintypes import BYTE
+import serial
+from serial.win32 import ULONG_PTR
+from serial.tools import list_ports_common
+
+
+def ValidHandle(value, func, arguments):
+    if value == 0:
+        raise ctypes.WinError()
+    return value
+
+
+NULL = 0
+HDEVINFO = ctypes.c_void_p
+LPCTSTR = ctypes.c_wchar_p
+PCTSTR = ctypes.c_wchar_p
+PTSTR = ctypes.c_wchar_p
+LPDWORD = PDWORD = ctypes.POINTER(DWORD)
+#~ LPBYTE = PBYTE = ctypes.POINTER(BYTE)
+LPBYTE = PBYTE = ctypes.c_void_p        # XXX avoids error about types
+
+ACCESS_MASK = DWORD
+REGSAM = ACCESS_MASK
+
+
+class GUID(ctypes.Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ('Data1', DWORD),
+        ('Data2', WORD),
+        ('Data3', WORD),
+        ('Data4', BYTE * 8),
+    ]
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "{{{:08x}-{:04x}-{:04x}-{}-{}}}".format(
+            self.Data1,
+            self.Data2,
+            self.Data3,
+            ''.join(["{:02x}".format(d) for d in self.Data4[:2]]),
+            ''.join(["{:02x}".format(d) for d in self.Data4[2:]]),
+        )
+
+
+class SP_DEVINFO_DATA(ctypes.Structure):
+    _fields_ = [
+        ('cbSize', DWORD),
+        ('ClassGuid', GUID),
+        ('DevInst', DWORD),
+        ('Reserved', ULONG_PTR),
+    ]
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "ClassGuid:{} DevInst:{}".format(self.ClassGuid, self.DevInst)
+
+
+PSP_DEVINFO_DATA = ctypes.POINTER(SP_DEVINFO_DATA)
+
+PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA = ctypes.c_void_p
+
+setupapi = ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary("setupapi")
+SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList = setupapi.SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList
+SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList.argtypes = [HDEVINFO]
+SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList.restype = BOOL
+
+SetupDiClassGuidsFromName = setupapi.SetupDiClassGuidsFromNameW
+SetupDiClassGuidsFromName.argtypes = [PCTSTR, ctypes.POINTER(GUID), DWORD, PDWORD]
+SetupDiClassGuidsFromName.restype = BOOL
+
+SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo = setupapi.SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo
+SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo.argtypes = [HDEVINFO, DWORD, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA]
+SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo.restype = BOOL
+
+SetupDiGetClassDevs = setupapi.SetupDiGetClassDevsW
+SetupDiGetClassDevs.argtypes = [ctypes.POINTER(GUID), PCTSTR, HWND, DWORD]
+SetupDiGetClassDevs.restype = HDEVINFO
+SetupDiGetClassDevs.errcheck = ValidHandle
+
+SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty = setupapi.SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyW
+SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty.argtypes = [HDEVINFO, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA, DWORD, PDWORD, PBYTE, DWORD, PDWORD]
+SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty.restype = BOOL
+
+SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceId = setupapi.SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceIdW
+SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceId.argtypes = [HDEVINFO, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA, PTSTR, DWORD, PDWORD]
+SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceId.restype = BOOL
+
+SetupDiOpenDevRegKey = setupapi.SetupDiOpenDevRegKey
+SetupDiOpenDevRegKey.argtypes = [HDEVINFO, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA, DWORD, DWORD, DWORD, REGSAM]
+SetupDiOpenDevRegKey.restype = HKEY
+
+advapi32 = ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary("Advapi32")
+RegCloseKey = advapi32.RegCloseKey
+RegCloseKey.argtypes = [HKEY]
+RegCloseKey.restype = LONG
+
+RegQueryValueEx = advapi32.RegQueryValueExW
+RegQueryValueEx.argtypes = [HKEY, LPCTSTR, LPDWORD, LPDWORD, LPBYTE, LPDWORD]
+RegQueryValueEx.restype = LONG
+
+cfgmgr32 = ctypes.windll.LoadLibrary("Cfgmgr32")
+CM_Get_Parent = cfgmgr32.CM_Get_Parent
+CM_Get_Parent.argtypes = [PDWORD, DWORD, ULONG]
+CM_Get_Parent.restype = LONG
+
+CM_Get_Device_IDW = cfgmgr32.CM_Get_Device_IDW
+CM_Get_Device_IDW.argtypes = [DWORD, PTSTR, ULONG, ULONG]
+CM_Get_Device_IDW.restype = LONG
+
+CM_MapCrToWin32Err = cfgmgr32.CM_MapCrToWin32Err
+CM_MapCrToWin32Err.argtypes = [DWORD, DWORD]
+CM_MapCrToWin32Err.restype = DWORD
+
+
+DIGCF_PRESENT = 2
+DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE = 16
+INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = 0
+ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER = 122
+ERROR_NOT_FOUND = 1168
+SPDRP_HARDWAREID = 1
+SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME = 12
+SPDRP_LOCATION_PATHS = 35
+SPDRP_MFG = 11
+DICS_FLAG_GLOBAL = 1
+DIREG_DEV = 0x00000001
+KEY_READ = 0x20019
+
+
+MAX_USB_DEVICE_TREE_TRAVERSAL_DEPTH = 5
+
+
+def get_parent_serial_number(child_devinst, child_vid, child_pid, depth=0, last_serial_number=None):
+    """ Get the serial number of the parent of a device.
+
+    Args:
+        child_devinst: The device instance handle to get the parent serial number of.
+        child_vid: The vendor ID of the child device.
+        child_pid: The product ID of the child device.
+        depth: The current iteration depth of the USB device tree.
+    """
+
+    # If the traversal depth is beyond the max, abandon attempting to find the serial number.
+    if depth > MAX_USB_DEVICE_TREE_TRAVERSAL_DEPTH:
+        return '' if not last_serial_number else last_serial_number
+
+    # Get the parent device instance.
+    devinst = DWORD()
+    ret = CM_Get_Parent(ctypes.byref(devinst), child_devinst, 0)
+
+    if ret:
+        win_error = CM_MapCrToWin32Err(DWORD(ret), DWORD(0))
+
+        # If there is no parent available, the child was the root device. We cannot traverse
+        # further.
+        if win_error == ERROR_NOT_FOUND:
+            return '' if not last_serial_number else last_serial_number
+
+        raise ctypes.WinError(win_error)
+
+    # Get the ID of the parent device and parse it for vendor ID, product ID, and serial number.
+    parentHardwareID = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250)
+
+    ret = CM_Get_Device_IDW(
+        devinst,
+        parentHardwareID,
+        ctypes.sizeof(parentHardwareID) - 1,
+        0)
+
+    if ret:
+        raise ctypes.WinError(CM_MapCrToWin32Err(DWORD(ret), DWORD(0)))
+
+    parentHardwareID_str = parentHardwareID.value
+    m = re.search(r'VID_([0-9a-f]{4})(&PID_([0-9a-f]{4}))?(&MI_(\d{2}))?(\\(.*))?',
+                  parentHardwareID_str,
+                  re.I)
+
+    # return early if we have no matches (likely malformed serial, traversed too far)
+    if not m:
+        return '' if not last_serial_number else last_serial_number
+
+    vid = None
+    pid = None
+    serial_number = None
+    if m.group(1):
+        vid = int(m.group(1), 16)
+    if m.group(3):
+        pid = int(m.group(3), 16)
+    if m.group(7):
+        serial_number = m.group(7)
+
+    # store what we found as a fallback for malformed serial values up the chain
+    found_serial_number = serial_number
+
+    # Check that the USB serial number only contains alpha-numeric characters. It may be a windows
+    # device ID (ephemeral ID).
+    if serial_number and not re.match(r'^\w+$', serial_number):
+        serial_number = None
+
+    if not vid or not pid:
+        # If pid and vid are not available at this device level, continue to the parent.
+        return get_parent_serial_number(devinst, child_vid, child_pid, depth + 1, found_serial_number)
+
+    if pid != child_pid or vid != child_vid:
+        # If the VID or PID has changed, we are no longer looking at the same physical device. The
+        # serial number is unknown.
+        return '' if not last_serial_number else last_serial_number
+
+    # In this case, the vid and pid of the parent device are identical to the child. However, if
+    # there still isn't a serial number available, continue to the next parent.
+    if not serial_number:
+        return get_parent_serial_number(devinst, child_vid, child_pid, depth + 1, found_serial_number)
+
+    # Finally, the VID and PID are identical to the child and a serial number is present, so return
+    # it.
+    return serial_number
+
+
+def iterate_comports():
+    """Return a generator that yields descriptions for serial ports"""
+    PortsGUIDs = (GUID * 8)()  # so far only seen one used, so hope 8 are enough...
+    ports_guids_size = DWORD()
+    if not SetupDiClassGuidsFromName(
+            "Ports",
+            PortsGUIDs,
+            ctypes.sizeof(PortsGUIDs),
+            ctypes.byref(ports_guids_size)):
+        raise ctypes.WinError()
+
+    ModemsGUIDs = (GUID * 8)()  # so far only seen one used, so hope 8 are enough...
+    modems_guids_size = DWORD()
+    if not SetupDiClassGuidsFromName(
+            "Modem",
+            ModemsGUIDs,
+            ctypes.sizeof(ModemsGUIDs),
+            ctypes.byref(modems_guids_size)):
+        raise ctypes.WinError()
+
+    GUIDs = PortsGUIDs[:ports_guids_size.value] + ModemsGUIDs[:modems_guids_size.value]
+
+    # repeat for all possible GUIDs
+    for index in range(len(GUIDs)):
+        bInterfaceNumber = None
+        g_hdi = SetupDiGetClassDevs(
+            ctypes.byref(GUIDs[index]),
+            None,
+            NULL,
+            DIGCF_PRESENT)  # was DIGCF_PRESENT|DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE which misses CDC ports
+
+        devinfo = SP_DEVINFO_DATA()
+        devinfo.cbSize = ctypes.sizeof(devinfo)
+        index = 0
+        while SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(g_hdi, index, ctypes.byref(devinfo)):
+            index += 1
+
+            # get the real com port name
+            hkey = SetupDiOpenDevRegKey(
+                g_hdi,
+                ctypes.byref(devinfo),
+                DICS_FLAG_GLOBAL,
+                0,
+                DIREG_DEV,  # DIREG_DRV for SW info
+                KEY_READ)
+            port_name_buffer = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250)
+            port_name_length = ULONG(ctypes.sizeof(port_name_buffer))
+            RegQueryValueEx(
+                hkey,
+                "PortName",
+                None,
+                None,
+                ctypes.byref(port_name_buffer),
+                ctypes.byref(port_name_length))
+            RegCloseKey(hkey)
+
+            # unfortunately does this method also include parallel ports.
+            # we could check for names starting with COM or just exclude LPT
+            # and hope that other "unknown" names are serial ports...
+            if port_name_buffer.value.startswith('LPT'):
+                continue
+
+            # hardware ID
+            szHardwareID = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250)
+            # try to get ID that includes serial number
+            if not SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceId(
+                    g_hdi,
+                    ctypes.byref(devinfo),
+                    #~ ctypes.byref(szHardwareID),
+                    szHardwareID,
+                    ctypes.sizeof(szHardwareID) - 1,
+                    None):
+                # fall back to more generic hardware ID if that would fail
+                if not SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(
+                        g_hdi,
+                        ctypes.byref(devinfo),
+                        SPDRP_HARDWAREID,
+                        None,
+                        ctypes.byref(szHardwareID),
+                        ctypes.sizeof(szHardwareID) - 1,
+                        None):
+                    # Ignore ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER
+                    if ctypes.GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER:
+                        raise ctypes.WinError()
+            # stringify
+            szHardwareID_str = szHardwareID.value
+
+            info = list_ports_common.ListPortInfo(port_name_buffer.value, skip_link_detection=True)
+
+            # in case of USB, make a more readable string, similar to that form
+            # that we also generate on other platforms
+            if szHardwareID_str.startswith('USB'):
+                m = re.search(r'VID_([0-9a-f]{4})(&PID_([0-9a-f]{4}))?(&MI_(\d{2}))?(\\(.*))?', szHardwareID_str, re.I)
+                if m:
+                    info.vid = int(m.group(1), 16)
+                    if m.group(3):
+                        info.pid = int(m.group(3), 16)
+                    if m.group(5):
+                        bInterfaceNumber = int(m.group(5))
+
+                    # Check that the USB serial number only contains alpha-numeric characters. It
+                    # may be a windows device ID (ephemeral ID) for composite devices.
+                    if m.group(7) and re.match(r'^\w+$', m.group(7)):
+                        info.serial_number = m.group(7)
+                    else:
+                        info.serial_number = get_parent_serial_number(devinfo.DevInst, info.vid, info.pid)
+
+                # calculate a location string
+                loc_path_str = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250)
+                if SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(
+                        g_hdi,
+                        ctypes.byref(devinfo),
+                        SPDRP_LOCATION_PATHS,
+                        None,
+                        ctypes.byref(loc_path_str),
+                        ctypes.sizeof(loc_path_str) - 1,
+                        None):
+                    m = re.finditer(r'USBROOT\((\w+)\)|#USB\((\w+)\)', loc_path_str.value)
+                    location = []
+                    for g in m:
+                        if g.group(1):
+                            location.append('{:d}'.format(int(g.group(1)) + 1))
+                        else:
+                            if len(location) > 1:
+                                location.append('.')
+                            else:
+                                location.append('-')
+                            location.append(g.group(2))
+                    if bInterfaceNumber is not None:
+                        location.append(':{}.{}'.format(
+                            'x',  # XXX how to determine correct bConfigurationValue?
+                            bInterfaceNumber))
+                    if location:
+                        info.location = ''.join(location)
+                info.hwid = info.usb_info()
+            elif szHardwareID_str.startswith('FTDIBUS'):
+                m = re.search(r'VID_([0-9a-f]{4})\+PID_([0-9a-f]{4})(\+(\w+))?', szHardwareID_str, re.I)
+                if m:
+                    info.vid = int(m.group(1), 16)
+                    info.pid = int(m.group(2), 16)
+                    if m.group(4):
+                        info.serial_number = m.group(4)
+                # USB location is hidden by FDTI driver :(
+                info.hwid = info.usb_info()
+            else:
+                info.hwid = szHardwareID_str
+
+            # friendly name
+            szFriendlyName = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250)
+            if SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(
+                    g_hdi,
+                    ctypes.byref(devinfo),
+                    SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME,
+                    #~ SPDRP_DEVICEDESC,
+                    None,
+                    ctypes.byref(szFriendlyName),
+                    ctypes.sizeof(szFriendlyName) - 1,
+                    None):
+                info.description = szFriendlyName.value
+            #~ else:
+                # Ignore ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER
+                #~ if ctypes.GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER:
+                    #~ raise IOError("failed to get details for %s (%s)" % (devinfo, szHardwareID.value))
+                # ignore errors and still include the port in the list, friendly name will be same as port name
+
+            # manufacturer
+            szManufacturer = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(250)
+            if SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(
+                    g_hdi,
+                    ctypes.byref(devinfo),
+                    SPDRP_MFG,
+                    #~ SPDRP_DEVICEDESC,
+                    None,
+                    ctypes.byref(szManufacturer),
+                    ctypes.sizeof(szManufacturer) - 1,
+                    None):
+                info.manufacturer = szManufacturer.value
+            yield info
+        SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(g_hdi)
+
+
+def comports(include_links=False):
+    """Return a list of info objects about serial ports"""
+    return list(iterate_comports())
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+# test
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    for port, desc, hwid in sorted(comports()):
+        print("{}: {} [{}]".format(port, desc, hwid))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/miniterm.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/miniterm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cceff6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/tools/miniterm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1042 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# Very simple serial terminal
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C)2002-2020 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import codecs
+import os
+import sys
+import threading
+
+import serial
+from serial.tools.list_ports import comports
+from serial.tools import hexlify_codec
+
+# pylint: disable=wrong-import-order,wrong-import-position
+
+codecs.register(lambda c: hexlify_codec.getregentry() if c == 'hexlify' else None)
+
+try:
+    raw_input
+except NameError:
+    # pylint: disable=redefined-builtin,invalid-name
+    raw_input = input   # in python3 it's "raw"
+    unichr = chr
+
+
+def key_description(character):
+    """generate a readable description for a key"""
+    ascii_code = ord(character)
+    if ascii_code < 32:
+        return 'Ctrl+{:c}'.format(ord('@') + ascii_code)
+    else:
+        return repr(character)
+
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+class ConsoleBase(object):
+    """OS abstraction for console (input/output codec, no echo)"""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
+            self.byte_output = sys.stdout.buffer
+        else:
+            self.byte_output = sys.stdout
+        self.output = sys.stdout
+
+    def setup(self):
+        """Set console to read single characters, no echo"""
+
+    def cleanup(self):
+        """Restore default console settings"""
+
+    def getkey(self):
+        """Read a single key from the console"""
+        return None
+
+    def write_bytes(self, byte_string):
+        """Write bytes (already encoded)"""
+        self.byte_output.write(byte_string)
+        self.byte_output.flush()
+
+    def write(self, text):
+        """Write string"""
+        self.output.write(text)
+        self.output.flush()
+
+    def cancel(self):
+        """Cancel getkey operation"""
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+    # context manager:
+    # switch terminal temporary to normal mode (e.g. to get user input)
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.cleanup()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.setup()
+
+
+if os.name == 'nt':  # noqa
+    import msvcrt
+    import ctypes
+    import platform
+
+    class Out(object):
+        """file-like wrapper that uses os.write"""
+
+        def __init__(self, fd):
+            self.fd = fd
+
+        def flush(self):
+            pass
+
+        def write(self, s):
+            os.write(self.fd, s)
+
+    class Console(ConsoleBase):
+        fncodes = {
+            ';': '\1bOP',  # F1
+            '<': '\1bOQ',  # F2
+            '=': '\1bOR',  # F3
+            '>': '\1bOS',  # F4
+            '?': '\1b[15~',  # F5
+            '@': '\1b[17~',  # F6
+            'A': '\1b[18~',  # F7
+            'B': '\1b[19~',  # F8
+            'C': '\1b[20~',  # F9
+            'D': '\1b[21~',  # F10
+        }
+        navcodes = {
+            'H': '\x1b[A',  # UP
+            'P': '\x1b[B',  # DOWN
+            'K': '\x1b[D',  # LEFT
+            'M': '\x1b[C',  # RIGHT
+            'G': '\x1b[H',  # HOME
+            'O': '\x1b[F',  # END
+            'R': '\x1b[2~',  # INSERT
+            'S': '\x1b[3~',  # DELETE
+            'I': '\x1b[5~',  # PGUP
+            'Q': '\x1b[6~',  # PGDN        
+        }
+        
+        def __init__(self):
+            super(Console, self).__init__()
+            self._saved_ocp = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleOutputCP()
+            self._saved_icp = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleCP()
+            ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleOutputCP(65001)
+            ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleCP(65001)
+            # ANSI handling available through SetConsoleMode since Windows 10 v1511 
+            # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#cite_note-win10th2-1
+            if platform.release() == '10' and int(platform.version().split('.')[2]) > 10586:
+                ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING = 0x0004
+                import ctypes.wintypes as wintypes
+                if not hasattr(wintypes, 'LPDWORD'): # PY2
+                    wintypes.LPDWORD = ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD)
+                SetConsoleMode = ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleMode
+                GetConsoleMode = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleMode
+                GetStdHandle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle
+                mode = wintypes.DWORD()
+                GetConsoleMode(GetStdHandle(-11), ctypes.byref(mode))
+                if (mode.value & ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING) == 0:
+                    SetConsoleMode(GetStdHandle(-11), mode.value | ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING)
+                    self._saved_cm = mode
+            self.output = codecs.getwriter('UTF-8')(Out(sys.stdout.fileno()), 'replace')
+            # the change of the code page is not propagated to Python, manually fix it
+            sys.stderr = codecs.getwriter('UTF-8')(Out(sys.stderr.fileno()), 'replace')
+            sys.stdout = self.output
+            self.output.encoding = 'UTF-8'  # needed for input
+
+        def __del__(self):
+            ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleOutputCP(self._saved_ocp)
+            ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleCP(self._saved_icp)
+            try:
+                ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetConsoleMode(ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle(-11), self._saved_cm)
+            except AttributeError: # in case no _saved_cm
+                pass
+
+        def getkey(self):
+            while True:
+                z = msvcrt.getwch()
+                if z == unichr(13):
+                    return unichr(10)
+                elif z is unichr(0) or z is unichr(0xe0):
+                    try:
+                        code = msvcrt.getwch()
+                        if z is unichr(0):
+                            return self.fncodes[code]
+                        else:
+                            return self.navcodes[code]
+                    except KeyError:
+                        pass
+                else:
+                    return z
+
+        def cancel(self):
+            # CancelIo, CancelSynchronousIo do not seem to work when using
+            # getwch, so instead, send a key to the window with the console
+            hwnd = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetConsoleWindow()
+            ctypes.windll.user32.PostMessageA(hwnd, 0x100, 0x0d, 0)
+
+elif os.name == 'posix':
+    import atexit
+    import termios
+    import fcntl
+
+    class Console(ConsoleBase):
+        def __init__(self):
+            super(Console, self).__init__()
+            self.fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
+            self.old = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
+            atexit.register(self.cleanup)
+            if sys.version_info < (3, 0):
+                self.enc_stdin = codecs.getreader(sys.stdin.encoding)(sys.stdin)
+            else:
+                self.enc_stdin = sys.stdin
+
+        def setup(self):
+            new = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
+            new[3] = new[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO & ~termios.ISIG
+            new[6][termios.VMIN] = 1
+            new[6][termios.VTIME] = 0
+            termios.tcsetattr(self.fd, termios.TCSANOW, new)
+
+        def getkey(self):
+            c = self.enc_stdin.read(1)
+            if c == unichr(0x7f):
+                c = unichr(8)    # map the BS key (which yields DEL) to backspace
+            return c
+
+        def cancel(self):
+            fcntl.ioctl(self.fd, termios.TIOCSTI, b'\0')
+
+        def cleanup(self):
+            termios.tcsetattr(self.fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, self.old)
+
+else:
+    raise NotImplementedError(
+        'Sorry no implementation for your platform ({}) available.'.format(sys.platform))
+
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+
+class Transform(object):
+    """do-nothing: forward all data unchanged"""
+    def rx(self, text):
+        """text received from serial port"""
+        return text
+
+    def tx(self, text):
+        """text to be sent to serial port"""
+        return text
+
+    def echo(self, text):
+        """text to be sent but displayed on console"""
+        return text
+
+
+class CRLF(Transform):
+    """ENTER sends CR+LF"""
+
+    def tx(self, text):
+        return text.replace('\n', '\r\n')
+
+
+class CR(Transform):
+    """ENTER sends CR"""
+
+    def rx(self, text):
+        return text.replace('\r', '\n')
+
+    def tx(self, text):
+        return text.replace('\n', '\r')
+
+
+class LF(Transform):
+    """ENTER sends LF"""
+
+
+class NoTerminal(Transform):
+    """remove typical terminal control codes from input"""
+
+    REPLACEMENT_MAP = dict((x, 0x2400 + x) for x in range(32) if unichr(x) not in '\r\n\b\t')
+    REPLACEMENT_MAP.update(
+        {
+            0x7F: 0x2421,  # DEL
+            0x9B: 0x2425,  # CSI
+        })
+
+    def rx(self, text):
+        return text.translate(self.REPLACEMENT_MAP)
+
+    echo = rx
+
+
+class NoControls(NoTerminal):
+    """Remove all control codes, incl. CR+LF"""
+
+    REPLACEMENT_MAP = dict((x, 0x2400 + x) for x in range(32))
+    REPLACEMENT_MAP.update(
+        {
+            0x20: 0x2423,  # visual space
+            0x7F: 0x2421,  # DEL
+            0x9B: 0x2425,  # CSI
+        })
+
+
+class Printable(Transform):
+    """Show decimal code for all non-ASCII characters and replace most control codes"""
+
+    def rx(self, text):
+        r = []
+        for c in text:
+            if ' ' <= c < '\x7f' or c in '\r\n\b\t':
+                r.append(c)
+            elif c < ' ':
+                r.append(unichr(0x2400 + ord(c)))
+            else:
+                r.extend(unichr(0x2080 + ord(d) - 48) for d in '{:d}'.format(ord(c)))
+                r.append(' ')
+        return ''.join(r)
+
+    echo = rx
+
+
+class Colorize(Transform):
+    """Apply different colors for received and echo"""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # XXX make it configurable, use colorama?
+        self.input_color = '\x1b[37m'
+        self.echo_color = '\x1b[31m'
+
+    def rx(self, text):
+        return self.input_color + text
+
+    def echo(self, text):
+        return self.echo_color + text
+
+
+class DebugIO(Transform):
+    """Print what is sent and received"""
+
+    def rx(self, text):
+        sys.stderr.write(' [RX:{!r}] '.format(text))
+        sys.stderr.flush()
+        return text
+
+    def tx(self, text):
+        sys.stderr.write(' [TX:{!r}] '.format(text))
+        sys.stderr.flush()
+        return text
+
+
+# other ideas:
+# - add date/time for each newline
+# - insert newline after: a) timeout b) packet end character
+
+EOL_TRANSFORMATIONS = {
+    'crlf': CRLF,
+    'cr': CR,
+    'lf': LF,
+}
+
+TRANSFORMATIONS = {
+    'direct': Transform,    # no transformation
+    'default': NoTerminal,
+    'nocontrol': NoControls,
+    'printable': Printable,
+    'colorize': Colorize,
+    'debug': DebugIO,
+}
+
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+def ask_for_port():
+    """\
+    Show a list of ports and ask the user for a choice. To make selection
+    easier on systems with long device names, also allow the input of an
+    index.
+    """
+    sys.stderr.write('\n--- Available ports:\n')
+    ports = []
+    for n, (port, desc, hwid) in enumerate(sorted(comports()), 1):
+        sys.stderr.write('--- {:2}: {:20} {!r}\n'.format(n, port, desc))
+        ports.append(port)
+    while True:
+        port = raw_input('--- Enter port index or full name: ')
+        try:
+            index = int(port) - 1
+            if not 0 <= index < len(ports):
+                sys.stderr.write('--- Invalid index!\n')
+                continue
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            port = ports[index]
+        return port
+
+
+class Miniterm(object):
+    """\
+    Terminal application. Copy data from serial port to console and vice versa.
+    Handle special keys from the console to show menu etc.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, serial_instance, echo=False, eol='crlf', filters=()):
+        self.console = Console()
+        self.serial = serial_instance
+        self.echo = echo
+        self.raw = False
+        self.input_encoding = 'UTF-8'
+        self.output_encoding = 'UTF-8'
+        self.eol = eol
+        self.filters = filters
+        self.update_transformations()
+        self.exit_character = unichr(0x1d)  # GS/CTRL+]
+        self.menu_character = unichr(0x14)  # Menu: CTRL+T
+        self.alive = None
+        self._reader_alive = None
+        self.receiver_thread = None
+        self.rx_decoder = None
+        self.tx_decoder = None
+
+    def _start_reader(self):
+        """Start reader thread"""
+        self._reader_alive = True
+        # start serial->console thread
+        self.receiver_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.reader, name='rx')
+        self.receiver_thread.daemon = True
+        self.receiver_thread.start()
+
+    def _stop_reader(self):
+        """Stop reader thread only, wait for clean exit of thread"""
+        self._reader_alive = False
+        if hasattr(self.serial, 'cancel_read'):
+            self.serial.cancel_read()
+        self.receiver_thread.join()
+
+    def start(self):
+        """start worker threads"""
+        self.alive = True
+        self._start_reader()
+        # enter console->serial loop
+        self.transmitter_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.writer, name='tx')
+        self.transmitter_thread.daemon = True
+        self.transmitter_thread.start()
+        self.console.setup()
+
+    def stop(self):
+        """set flag to stop worker threads"""
+        self.alive = False
+
+    def join(self, transmit_only=False):
+        """wait for worker threads to terminate"""
+        self.transmitter_thread.join()
+        if not transmit_only:
+            if hasattr(self.serial, 'cancel_read'):
+                self.serial.cancel_read()
+            self.receiver_thread.join()
+
+    def close(self):
+        self.serial.close()
+
+    def update_transformations(self):
+        """take list of transformation classes and instantiate them for rx and tx"""
+        transformations = [EOL_TRANSFORMATIONS[self.eol]] + [TRANSFORMATIONS[f]
+                                                             for f in self.filters]
+        self.tx_transformations = [t() for t in transformations]
+        self.rx_transformations = list(reversed(self.tx_transformations))
+
+    def set_rx_encoding(self, encoding, errors='replace'):
+        """set encoding for received data"""
+        self.input_encoding = encoding
+        self.rx_decoder = codecs.getincrementaldecoder(encoding)(errors)
+
+    def set_tx_encoding(self, encoding, errors='replace'):
+        """set encoding for transmitted data"""
+        self.output_encoding = encoding
+        self.tx_encoder = codecs.getincrementalencoder(encoding)(errors)
+
+    def dump_port_settings(self):
+        """Write current settings to sys.stderr"""
+        sys.stderr.write("\n--- Settings: {p.name}  {p.baudrate},{p.bytesize},{p.parity},{p.stopbits}\n".format(
+            p=self.serial))
+        sys.stderr.write('--- RTS: {:8}  DTR: {:8}  BREAK: {:8}\n'.format(
+            ('active' if self.serial.rts else 'inactive'),
+            ('active' if self.serial.dtr else 'inactive'),
+            ('active' if self.serial.break_condition else 'inactive')))
+        try:
+            sys.stderr.write('--- CTS: {:8}  DSR: {:8}  RI: {:8}  CD: {:8}\n'.format(
+                ('active' if self.serial.cts else 'inactive'),
+                ('active' if self.serial.dsr else 'inactive'),
+                ('active' if self.serial.ri else 'inactive'),
+                ('active' if self.serial.cd else 'inactive')))
+        except serial.SerialException:
+            # on RFC 2217 ports, it can happen if no modem state notification was
+            # yet received. ignore this error.
+            pass
+        sys.stderr.write('--- software flow control: {}\n'.format('active' if self.serial.xonxoff else 'inactive'))
+        sys.stderr.write('--- hardware flow control: {}\n'.format('active' if self.serial.rtscts else 'inactive'))
+        sys.stderr.write('--- serial input encoding: {}\n'.format(self.input_encoding))
+        sys.stderr.write('--- serial output encoding: {}\n'.format(self.output_encoding))
+        sys.stderr.write('--- EOL: {}\n'.format(self.eol.upper()))
+        sys.stderr.write('--- filters: {}\n'.format(' '.join(self.filters)))
+
+    def reader(self):
+        """loop and copy serial->console"""
+        try:
+            while self.alive and self._reader_alive:
+                # read all that is there or wait for one byte
+                data = self.serial.read(self.serial.in_waiting or 1)
+                if data:
+                    if self.raw:
+                        self.console.write_bytes(data)
+                    else:
+                        text = self.rx_decoder.decode(data)
+                        for transformation in self.rx_transformations:
+                            text = transformation.rx(text)
+                        self.console.write(text)
+        except serial.SerialException:
+            self.alive = False
+            self.console.cancel()
+            raise       # XXX handle instead of re-raise?
+
+    def writer(self):
+        """\
+        Loop and copy console->serial until self.exit_character character is
+        found. When self.menu_character is found, interpret the next key
+        locally.
+        """
+        menu_active = False
+        try:
+            while self.alive:
+                try:
+                    c = self.console.getkey()
+                except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                    c = '\x03'
+                if not self.alive:
+                    break
+                if menu_active:
+                    self.handle_menu_key(c)
+                    menu_active = False
+                elif c == self.menu_character:
+                    menu_active = True      # next char will be for menu
+                elif c == self.exit_character:
+                    self.stop()             # exit app
+                    break
+                else:
+                    #~ if self.raw:
+                    text = c
+                    for transformation in self.tx_transformations:
+                        text = transformation.tx(text)
+                    self.serial.write(self.tx_encoder.encode(text))
+                    if self.echo:
+                        echo_text = c
+                        for transformation in self.tx_transformations:
+                            echo_text = transformation.echo(echo_text)
+                        self.console.write(echo_text)
+        except:
+            self.alive = False
+            raise
+
+    def handle_menu_key(self, c):
+        """Implement a simple menu / settings"""
+        if c == self.menu_character or c == self.exit_character:
+            # Menu/exit character again -> send itself
+            self.serial.write(self.tx_encoder.encode(c))
+            if self.echo:
+                self.console.write(c)
+        elif c == '\x15':                       # CTRL+U -> upload file
+            self.upload_file()
+        elif c in '\x08hH?':                    # CTRL+H, h, H, ? -> Show help
+            sys.stderr.write(self.get_help_text())
+        elif c == '\x12':                       # CTRL+R -> Toggle RTS
+            self.serial.rts = not self.serial.rts
+            sys.stderr.write('--- RTS {} ---\n'.format('active' if self.serial.rts else 'inactive'))
+        elif c == '\x04':                       # CTRL+D -> Toggle DTR
+            self.serial.dtr = not self.serial.dtr
+            sys.stderr.write('--- DTR {} ---\n'.format('active' if self.serial.dtr else 'inactive'))
+        elif c == '\x02':                       # CTRL+B -> toggle BREAK condition
+            self.serial.break_condition = not self.serial.break_condition
+            sys.stderr.write('--- BREAK {} ---\n'.format('active' if self.serial.break_condition else 'inactive'))
+        elif c == '\x05':                       # CTRL+E -> toggle local echo
+            self.echo = not self.echo
+            sys.stderr.write('--- local echo {} ---\n'.format('active' if self.echo else 'inactive'))
+        elif c == '\x06':                       # CTRL+F -> edit filters
+            self.change_filter()
+        elif c == '\x0c':                       # CTRL+L -> EOL mode
+            modes = list(EOL_TRANSFORMATIONS)   # keys
+            eol = modes.index(self.eol) + 1
+            if eol >= len(modes):
+                eol = 0
+            self.eol = modes[eol]
+            sys.stderr.write('--- EOL: {} ---\n'.format(self.eol.upper()))
+            self.update_transformations()
+        elif c == '\x01':                       # CTRL+A -> set encoding
+            self.change_encoding()
+        elif c == '\x09':                       # CTRL+I -> info
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        #~ elif c == '\x01':                       # CTRL+A -> cycle escape mode
+        #~ elif c == '\x0c':                       # CTRL+L -> cycle linefeed mode
+        elif c in 'pP':                         # P -> change port
+            self.change_port()
+        elif c in 'zZ':                         # S -> suspend / open port temporarily
+            self.suspend_port()
+        elif c in 'bB':                         # B -> change baudrate
+            self.change_baudrate()
+        elif c == '8':                          # 8 -> change to 8 bits
+            self.serial.bytesize = serial.EIGHTBITS
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c == '7':                          # 7 -> change to 8 bits
+            self.serial.bytesize = serial.SEVENBITS
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c in 'eE':                         # E -> change to even parity
+            self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_EVEN
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c in 'oO':                         # O -> change to odd parity
+            self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_ODD
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c in 'mM':                         # M -> change to mark parity
+            self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_MARK
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c in 'sS':                         # S -> change to space parity
+            self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_SPACE
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c in 'nN':                         # N -> change to no parity
+            self.serial.parity = serial.PARITY_NONE
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c == '1':                          # 1 -> change to 1 stop bits
+            self.serial.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_ONE
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c == '2':                          # 2 -> change to 2 stop bits
+            self.serial.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_TWO
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c == '3':                          # 3 -> change to 1.5 stop bits
+            self.serial.stopbits = serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c in 'xX':                         # X -> change software flow control
+            self.serial.xonxoff = (c == 'X')
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c in 'rR':                         # R -> change hardware flow control
+            self.serial.rtscts = (c == 'R')
+            self.dump_port_settings()
+        elif c in 'qQ':
+            self.stop()                         # Q -> exit app
+        else:
+            sys.stderr.write('--- unknown menu character {} --\n'.format(key_description(c)))
+
+    def upload_file(self):
+        """Ask user for filenname and send its contents"""
+        sys.stderr.write('\n--- File to upload: ')
+        sys.stderr.flush()
+        with self.console:
+            filename = sys.stdin.readline().rstrip('\r\n')
+            if filename:
+                try:
+                    with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+                        sys.stderr.write('--- Sending file {} ---\n'.format(filename))
+                        while True:
+                            block = f.read(1024)
+                            if not block:
+                                break
+                            self.serial.write(block)
+                            # Wait for output buffer to drain.
+                            self.serial.flush()
+                            sys.stderr.write('.')   # Progress indicator.
+                    sys.stderr.write('\n--- File {} sent ---\n'.format(filename))
+                except IOError as e:
+                    sys.stderr.write('--- ERROR opening file {}: {} ---\n'.format(filename, e))
+
+    def change_filter(self):
+        """change the i/o transformations"""
+        sys.stderr.write('\n--- Available Filters:\n')
+        sys.stderr.write('\n'.join(
+            '---   {:<10} = {.__doc__}'.format(k, v)
+            for k, v in sorted(TRANSFORMATIONS.items())))
+        sys.stderr.write('\n--- Enter new filter name(s) [{}]: '.format(' '.join(self.filters)))
+        with self.console:
+            new_filters = sys.stdin.readline().lower().split()
+        if new_filters:
+            for f in new_filters:
+                if f not in TRANSFORMATIONS:
+                    sys.stderr.write('--- unknown filter: {!r}\n'.format(f))
+                    break
+            else:
+                self.filters = new_filters
+                self.update_transformations()
+        sys.stderr.write('--- filters: {}\n'.format(' '.join(self.filters)))
+
+    def change_encoding(self):
+        """change encoding on the serial port"""
+        sys.stderr.write('\n--- Enter new encoding name [{}]: '.format(self.input_encoding))
+        with self.console:
+            new_encoding = sys.stdin.readline().strip()
+        if new_encoding:
+            try:
+                codecs.lookup(new_encoding)
+            except LookupError:
+                sys.stderr.write('--- invalid encoding name: {}\n'.format(new_encoding))
+            else:
+                self.set_rx_encoding(new_encoding)
+                self.set_tx_encoding(new_encoding)
+        sys.stderr.write('--- serial input encoding: {}\n'.format(self.input_encoding))
+        sys.stderr.write('--- serial output encoding: {}\n'.format(self.output_encoding))
+
+    def change_baudrate(self):
+        """change the baudrate"""
+        sys.stderr.write('\n--- Baudrate: ')
+        sys.stderr.flush()
+        with self.console:
+            backup = self.serial.baudrate
+            try:
+                self.serial.baudrate = int(sys.stdin.readline().strip())
+            except ValueError as e:
+                sys.stderr.write('--- ERROR setting baudrate: {} ---\n'.format(e))
+                self.serial.baudrate = backup
+            else:
+                self.dump_port_settings()
+
+    def change_port(self):
+        """Have a conversation with the user to change the serial port"""
+        with self.console:
+            try:
+                port = ask_for_port()
+            except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                port = None
+        if port and port != self.serial.port:
+            # reader thread needs to be shut down
+            self._stop_reader()
+            # save settings
+            settings = self.serial.getSettingsDict()
+            try:
+                new_serial = serial.serial_for_url(port, do_not_open=True)
+                # restore settings and open
+                new_serial.applySettingsDict(settings)
+                new_serial.rts = self.serial.rts
+                new_serial.dtr = self.serial.dtr
+                new_serial.open()
+                new_serial.break_condition = self.serial.break_condition
+            except Exception as e:
+                sys.stderr.write('--- ERROR opening new port: {} ---\n'.format(e))
+                new_serial.close()
+            else:
+                self.serial.close()
+                self.serial = new_serial
+                sys.stderr.write('--- Port changed to: {} ---\n'.format(self.serial.port))
+            # and restart the reader thread
+            self._start_reader()
+
+    def suspend_port(self):
+        """\
+        open port temporarily, allow reconnect, exit and port change to get
+        out of the loop
+        """
+        # reader thread needs to be shut down
+        self._stop_reader()
+        self.serial.close()
+        sys.stderr.write('\n--- Port closed: {} ---\n'.format(self.serial.port))
+        do_change_port = False
+        while not self.serial.is_open:
+            sys.stderr.write('--- Quit: {exit} | p: port change | any other key to reconnect ---\n'.format(
+                exit=key_description(self.exit_character)))
+            k = self.console.getkey()
+            if k == self.exit_character:
+                self.stop()             # exit app
+                break
+            elif k in 'pP':
+                do_change_port = True
+                break
+            try:
+                self.serial.open()
+            except Exception as e:
+                sys.stderr.write('--- ERROR opening port: {} ---\n'.format(e))
+        if do_change_port:
+            self.change_port()
+        else:
+            # and restart the reader thread
+            self._start_reader()
+            sys.stderr.write('--- Port opened: {} ---\n'.format(self.serial.port))
+
+    def get_help_text(self):
+        """return the help text"""
+        # help text, starts with blank line!
+        return """
+--- pySerial ({version}) - miniterm - help
+---
+--- {exit:8} Exit program (alias {menu} Q)
+--- {menu:8} Menu escape key, followed by:
+--- Menu keys:
+---    {menu:7} Send the menu character itself to remote
+---    {exit:7} Send the exit character itself to remote
+---    {info:7} Show info
+---    {upload:7} Upload file (prompt will be shown)
+---    {repr:7} encoding
+---    {filter:7} edit filters
+--- Toggles:
+---    {rts:7} RTS   {dtr:7} DTR   {brk:7} BREAK
+---    {echo:7} echo  {eol:7} EOL
+---
+--- Port settings ({menu} followed by the following):
+---    p          change port
+---    7 8        set data bits
+---    N E O S M  change parity (None, Even, Odd, Space, Mark)
+---    1 2 3      set stop bits (1, 2, 1.5)
+---    b          change baud rate
+---    x X        disable/enable software flow control
+---    r R        disable/enable hardware flow control
+""".format(version=getattr(serial, 'VERSION', 'unknown version'),
+           exit=key_description(self.exit_character),
+           menu=key_description(self.menu_character),
+           rts=key_description('\x12'),
+           dtr=key_description('\x04'),
+           brk=key_description('\x02'),
+           echo=key_description('\x05'),
+           info=key_description('\x09'),
+           upload=key_description('\x15'),
+           repr=key_description('\x01'),
+           filter=key_description('\x06'),
+           eol=key_description('\x0c'))
+
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+# default args can be used to override when calling main() from an other script
+# e.g to create a miniterm-my-device.py
+def main(default_port=None, default_baudrate=9600, default_rts=None, default_dtr=None):
+    """Command line tool, entry point"""
+
+    import argparse
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description='Miniterm - A simple terminal program for the serial port.')
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        'port',
+        nargs='?',
+        help='serial port name ("-" to show port list)',
+        default=default_port)
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        'baudrate',
+        nargs='?',
+        type=int,
+        help='set baud rate, default: %(default)s',
+        default=default_baudrate)
+
+    group = parser.add_argument_group('port settings')
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--parity',
+        choices=['N', 'E', 'O', 'S', 'M'],
+        type=lambda c: c.upper(),
+        help='set parity, one of {N E O S M}, default: N',
+        default='N')
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--rtscts',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='enable RTS/CTS flow control (default off)',
+        default=False)
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--xonxoff',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='enable software flow control (default off)',
+        default=False)
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--rts',
+        type=int,
+        help='set initial RTS line state (possible values: 0, 1)',
+        default=default_rts)
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--dtr',
+        type=int,
+        help='set initial DTR line state (possible values: 0, 1)',
+        default=default_dtr)
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--non-exclusive',
+        dest='exclusive',
+        action='store_false',
+        help='disable locking for native ports',
+        default=True)
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--ask',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='ask again for port when open fails',
+        default=False)
+
+    group = parser.add_argument_group('data handling')
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '-e', '--echo',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='enable local echo (default off)',
+        default=False)
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--encoding',
+        dest='serial_port_encoding',
+        metavar='CODEC',
+        help='set the encoding for the serial port (e.g. hexlify, Latin1, UTF-8), default: %(default)s',
+        default='UTF-8')
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '-f', '--filter',
+        action='append',
+        metavar='NAME',
+        help='add text transformation',
+        default=[])
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--eol',
+        choices=['CR', 'LF', 'CRLF'],
+        type=lambda c: c.upper(),
+        help='end of line mode',
+        default='CRLF')
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--raw',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='Do no apply any encodings/transformations',
+        default=False)
+
+    group = parser.add_argument_group('hotkeys')
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--exit-char',
+        type=int,
+        metavar='NUM',
+        help='Unicode of special character that is used to exit the application, default: %(default)s',
+        default=0x1d)  # GS/CTRL+]
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--menu-char',
+        type=int,
+        metavar='NUM',
+        help='Unicode code of special character that is used to control miniterm (menu), default: %(default)s',
+        default=0x14)  # Menu: CTRL+T
+
+    group = parser.add_argument_group('diagnostics')
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '-q', '--quiet',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='suppress non-error messages',
+        default=False)
+
+    group.add_argument(
+        '--develop',
+        action='store_true',
+        help='show Python traceback on error',
+        default=False)
+
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    if args.menu_char == args.exit_char:
+        parser.error('--exit-char can not be the same as --menu-char')
+
+    if args.filter:
+        if 'help' in args.filter:
+            sys.stderr.write('Available filters:\n')
+            sys.stderr.write('\n'.join(
+                '{:<10} = {.__doc__}'.format(k, v)
+                for k, v in sorted(TRANSFORMATIONS.items())))
+            sys.stderr.write('\n')
+            sys.exit(1)
+        filters = args.filter
+    else:
+        filters = ['default']
+
+    while True:
+        # no port given on command line -> ask user now
+        if args.port is None or args.port == '-':
+            try:
+                args.port = ask_for_port()
+            except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                sys.stderr.write('\n')
+                parser.error('user aborted and port is not given')
+            else:
+                if not args.port:
+                    parser.error('port is not given')
+        try:
+            serial_instance = serial.serial_for_url(
+                args.port,
+                args.baudrate,
+                parity=args.parity,
+                rtscts=args.rtscts,
+                xonxoff=args.xonxoff,
+                do_not_open=True)
+
+            if not hasattr(serial_instance, 'cancel_read'):
+                # enable timeout for alive flag polling if cancel_read is not available
+                serial_instance.timeout = 1
+
+            if args.dtr is not None:
+                if not args.quiet:
+                    sys.stderr.write('--- forcing DTR {}\n'.format('active' if args.dtr else 'inactive'))
+                serial_instance.dtr = args.dtr
+            if args.rts is not None:
+                if not args.quiet:
+                    sys.stderr.write('--- forcing RTS {}\n'.format('active' if args.rts else 'inactive'))
+                serial_instance.rts = args.rts
+
+            if isinstance(serial_instance, serial.Serial):
+                serial_instance.exclusive = args.exclusive
+
+            serial_instance.open()
+        except serial.SerialException as e:
+            sys.stderr.write('could not open port {!r}: {}\n'.format(args.port, e))
+            if args.develop:
+                raise
+            if not args.ask:
+                sys.exit(1)
+            else:
+                args.port = '-'
+        else:
+            break
+
+    miniterm = Miniterm(
+        serial_instance,
+        echo=args.echo,
+        eol=args.eol.lower(),
+        filters=filters)
+    miniterm.exit_character = unichr(args.exit_char)
+    miniterm.menu_character = unichr(args.menu_char)
+    miniterm.raw = args.raw
+    miniterm.set_rx_encoding(args.serial_port_encoding)
+    miniterm.set_tx_encoding(args.serial_port_encoding)
+
+    if not args.quiet:
+        sys.stderr.write('--- Miniterm on {p.name}  {p.baudrate},{p.bytesize},{p.parity},{p.stopbits} ---\n'.format(
+            p=miniterm.serial))
+        sys.stderr.write('--- Quit: {} | Menu: {} | Help: {} followed by {} ---\n'.format(
+            key_description(miniterm.exit_character),
+            key_description(miniterm.menu_character),
+            key_description(miniterm.menu_character),
+            key_description('\x08')))
+
+    miniterm.start()
+    try:
+        miniterm.join(True)
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        pass
+    if not args.quiet:
+        sys.stderr.write('\n--- exit ---\n')
+    miniterm.join()
+    miniterm.close()
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_alt.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_alt.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e666ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_alt.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#! python
+#
+# This module implements a special URL handler that allows selecting an
+# alternate implementation provided by some backends.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+#
+# URL format:    alt://port[?option[=value][&option[=value]]]
+# options:
+# - class=X used class named X instead of Serial
+#
+# example:
+#   use poll based implementation on Posix (Linux):
+#   python -m serial.tools.miniterm alt:///dev/ttyUSB0?class=PosixPollSerial
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+try:
+    import urlparse
+except ImportError:
+    import urllib.parse as urlparse
+
+import serial
+
+
+def serial_class_for_url(url):
+    """extract host and port from an URL string"""
+    parts = urlparse.urlsplit(url)
+    if parts.scheme != 'alt':
+        raise serial.SerialException(
+            'expected a string in the form "alt://port[?option[=value][&option[=value]]]": '
+            'not starting with alt:// ({!r})'.format(parts.scheme))
+    class_name = 'Serial'
+    try:
+        for option, values in urlparse.parse_qs(parts.query, True).items():
+            if option == 'class':
+                class_name = values[0]
+            else:
+                raise ValueError('unknown option: {!r}'.format(option))
+    except ValueError as e:
+        raise serial.SerialException(
+            'expected a string in the form '
+            '"alt://port[?option[=value][&option[=value]]]": {!r}'.format(e))
+    if not hasattr(serial, class_name):
+        raise ValueError('unknown class: {!r}'.format(class_name))
+    cls = getattr(serial, class_name)
+    if not issubclass(cls, serial.Serial):
+        raise ValueError('class {!r} is not an instance of Serial'.format(class_name))
+    return (''.join([parts.netloc, parts.path]), cls)
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    s = serial.serial_for_url('alt:///dev/ttyS0?class=PosixPollSerial')
+    print(s)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_cp2110.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_cp2110.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44ad4eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_cp2110.py
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+#! python
+#
+# Backend for Silicon Labs CP2110/4 HID-to-UART devices.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2001-2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+# (C) 2019 Google LLC
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+# This backend implements support for HID-to-UART devices manufactured
+# by Silicon Labs and marketed as CP2110 and CP2114. The
+# implementation is (mostly) OS-independent and in userland. It relies
+# on cython-hidapi (https://github.com/trezor/cython-hidapi).
+
+# The HID-to-UART protocol implemented by CP2110/4 is described in the
+# AN434 document from Silicon Labs:
+# https://www.silabs.com/documents/public/application-notes/AN434-CP2110-4-Interface-Specification.pdf
+
+# TODO items:
+
+# - rtscts support is configured for hardware flow control, but the
+#   signaling is missing (AN434 suggests this is done through GPIO).
+# - Cancelling reads and writes is not supported.
+# - Baudrate validation is not implemented, as it depends on model and configuration.
+
+import struct
+import threading
+
+try:
+    import urlparse
+except ImportError:
+    import urllib.parse as urlparse
+
+try:
+    import Queue
+except ImportError:
+    import queue as Queue
+
+import hid  # hidapi
+
+import serial
+from serial.serialutil import SerialBase, SerialException, PortNotOpenError, to_bytes, Timeout
+
+
+# Report IDs and related constant
+_REPORT_GETSET_UART_ENABLE = 0x41
+_DISABLE_UART = 0x00
+_ENABLE_UART = 0x01
+
+_REPORT_SET_PURGE_FIFOS = 0x43
+_PURGE_TX_FIFO = 0x01
+_PURGE_RX_FIFO = 0x02
+
+_REPORT_GETSET_UART_CONFIG = 0x50
+
+_REPORT_SET_TRANSMIT_LINE_BREAK = 0x51
+_REPORT_SET_STOP_LINE_BREAK = 0x52
+
+
+class Serial(SerialBase):
+    # This is not quite correct. AN343 specifies that the minimum
+    # baudrate is different between CP2110 and CP2114, and it's halved
+    # when using non-8-bit symbols.
+    BAUDRATES = (300, 375, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200,
+                 38400, 57600, 115200, 230400, 460800, 500000, 576000,
+                 921600, 1000000)
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self._hid_handle = None
+        self._read_buffer = None
+        self._thread = None
+        super(Serial, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def open(self):
+        if self._port is None:
+            raise SerialException("Port must be configured before it can be used.")
+        if self.is_open:
+            raise SerialException("Port is already open.")
+
+        self._read_buffer = Queue.Queue()
+
+        self._hid_handle = hid.device()
+        try:
+            portpath = self.from_url(self.portstr)
+            self._hid_handle.open_path(portpath)
+        except OSError as msg:
+            raise SerialException(msg.errno, "could not open port {}: {}".format(self._port, msg))
+
+        try:
+            self._reconfigure_port()
+        except:
+            try:
+                self._hid_handle.close()
+            except:
+                pass
+            self._hid_handle = None
+            raise
+        else:
+            self.is_open = True
+            self._thread = threading.Thread(target=self._hid_read_loop)
+            self._thread.setDaemon(True)
+            self._thread.setName('pySerial CP2110 reader thread for {}'.format(self._port))
+            self._thread.start()
+
+    def from_url(self, url):
+        parts = urlparse.urlsplit(url)
+        if parts.scheme != "cp2110":
+            raise SerialException(
+                'expected a string in the forms '
+                '"cp2110:///dev/hidraw9" or "cp2110://0001:0023:00": '
+                'not starting with cp2110:// {{!r}}'.format(parts.scheme))
+        if parts.netloc:  # cp2100://BUS:DEVICE:ENDPOINT, for libusb
+            return parts.netloc.encode('utf-8')
+        return parts.path.encode('utf-8')
+
+    def close(self):
+        self.is_open = False
+        if self._thread:
+            self._thread.join(1)  # read timeout is 0.1
+            self._thread = None
+        self._hid_handle.close()
+        self._hid_handle = None
+
+    def _reconfigure_port(self):
+        parity_value = None
+        if self._parity == serial.PARITY_NONE:
+            parity_value = 0x00
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_ODD:
+            parity_value = 0x01
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_EVEN:
+            parity_value = 0x02
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_MARK:
+            parity_value = 0x03
+        elif self._parity == serial.PARITY_SPACE:
+            parity_value = 0x04
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid parity: {!r}'.format(self._parity))
+
+        if self.rtscts:
+            flow_control_value = 0x01
+        else:
+            flow_control_value = 0x00
+
+        data_bits_value = None
+        if self._bytesize == 5:
+            data_bits_value = 0x00
+        elif self._bytesize == 6:
+            data_bits_value = 0x01
+        elif self._bytesize == 7:
+            data_bits_value = 0x02
+        elif self._bytesize == 8:
+            data_bits_value = 0x03
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid char len: {!r}'.format(self._bytesize))
+
+        stop_bits_value = None
+        if self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_ONE:
+            stop_bits_value = 0x00
+        elif self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_ONE_POINT_FIVE:
+            stop_bits_value = 0x01
+        elif self._stopbits == serial.STOPBITS_TWO:
+            stop_bits_value = 0x01
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('Invalid stop bit specification: {!r}'.format(self._stopbits))
+
+        configuration_report = struct.pack(
+            '>BLBBBB',
+            _REPORT_GETSET_UART_CONFIG,
+            self._baudrate,
+            parity_value,
+            flow_control_value,
+            data_bits_value,
+            stop_bits_value)
+
+        self._hid_handle.send_feature_report(configuration_report)
+
+        self._hid_handle.send_feature_report(
+            bytes((_REPORT_GETSET_UART_ENABLE, _ENABLE_UART)))
+        self._update_break_state()
+
+    @property
+    def in_waiting(self):
+        return self._read_buffer.qsize()
+
+    def reset_input_buffer(self):
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self._hid_handle.send_feature_report(
+            bytes((_REPORT_SET_PURGE_FIFOS, _PURGE_RX_FIFO)))
+        # empty read buffer
+        while self._read_buffer.qsize():
+            self._read_buffer.get(False)
+
+    def reset_output_buffer(self):
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        self._hid_handle.send_feature_report(
+            bytes((_REPORT_SET_PURGE_FIFOS, _PURGE_TX_FIFO)))
+
+    def _update_break_state(self):
+        if not self._hid_handle:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+
+        if self._break_state:
+            self._hid_handle.send_feature_report(
+                bytes((_REPORT_SET_TRANSMIT_LINE_BREAK, 0)))
+        else:
+            # Note that while AN434 states "There are no data bytes in
+            # the payload other than the Report ID", either hidapi or
+            # Linux does not seem to send the report otherwise.
+            self._hid_handle.send_feature_report(
+                bytes((_REPORT_SET_STOP_LINE_BREAK, 0)))
+
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+
+        data = bytearray()
+        try:
+            timeout = Timeout(self._timeout)
+            while len(data) < size:
+                if self._thread is None:
+                    raise SerialException('connection failed (reader thread died)')
+                buf = self._read_buffer.get(True, timeout.time_left())
+                if buf is None:
+                    return bytes(data)
+                data += buf
+                if timeout.expired():
+                    break
+        except Queue.Empty:  # -> timeout
+            pass
+        return bytes(data)
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        data = to_bytes(data)
+        tx_len = len(data)
+        while tx_len > 0:
+            to_be_sent = min(tx_len, 0x3F)
+            report = to_bytes([to_be_sent]) + data[:to_be_sent]
+            self._hid_handle.write(report)
+
+            data = data[to_be_sent:]
+            tx_len = len(data)
+
+    def _hid_read_loop(self):
+        try:
+            while self.is_open:
+                data = self._hid_handle.read(64, timeout_ms=100)
+                if not data:
+                    continue
+                data_len = data.pop(0)
+                assert data_len == len(data)
+                self._read_buffer.put(bytearray(data))
+        finally:
+            self._thread = None
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_hwgrep.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_hwgrep.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a288c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_hwgrep.py
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#! python
+#
+# This module implements a special URL handler that uses the port listing to
+# find ports by searching the string descriptions.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2011-2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+#
+# URL format:    hwgrep://<regexp>&<option>
+#
+# where <regexp> is a Python regexp according to the re module
+#
+# violating the normal definition for URLs, the charachter `&` is used to
+# separate parameters from the arguments (instead of `?`, but the question mark
+# is heavily used in regexp'es)
+#
+# options:
+# n=<N>     pick the N'th entry instead of the first one (numbering starts at 1)
+# skip_busy tries to open port to check if it is busy, fails on posix as ports are not locked!
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import serial
+import serial.tools.list_ports
+
+try:
+    basestring
+except NameError:
+    basestring = str    # python 3  pylint: disable=redefined-builtin
+
+
+class Serial(serial.Serial):
+    """Just inherit the native Serial port implementation and patch the port property."""
+    # pylint: disable=no-member
+
+    @serial.Serial.port.setter
+    def port(self, value):
+        """translate port name before storing it"""
+        if isinstance(value, basestring) and value.startswith('hwgrep://'):
+            serial.Serial.port.__set__(self, self.from_url(value))
+        else:
+            serial.Serial.port.__set__(self, value)
+
+    def from_url(self, url):
+        """extract host and port from an URL string"""
+        if url.lower().startswith("hwgrep://"):
+            url = url[9:]
+        n = 0
+        test_open = False
+        args = url.split('&')
+        regexp = args.pop(0)
+        for arg in args:
+            if '=' in arg:
+                option, value = arg.split('=', 1)
+            else:
+                option = arg
+                value = None
+            if option == 'n':
+                # pick n'th element
+                n = int(value) - 1
+                if n < 1:
+                    raise ValueError('option "n" expects a positive integer larger than 1: {!r}'.format(value))
+            elif option == 'skip_busy':
+                # open to test if port is available. not the nicest way..
+                test_open = True
+            else:
+                raise ValueError('unknown option: {!r}'.format(option))
+        # use a for loop to get the 1st element from the generator
+        for port, desc, hwid in sorted(serial.tools.list_ports.grep(regexp)):
+            if test_open:
+                try:
+                    s = serial.Serial(port)
+                except serial.SerialException:
+                    # it has some error, skip this one
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    s.close()
+            if n:
+                n -= 1
+                continue
+            return port
+        else:
+            raise serial.SerialException('no ports found matching regexp {!r}'.format(url))
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    s = Serial(None)
+    s.port = 'hwgrep://ttyS0'
+    print(s)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_loop.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_loop.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2aeebfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_loop.py
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+#! python
+#
+# This module implements a loop back connection receiving itself what it sent.
+#
+# The purpose of this module is.. well... You can run the unit tests with it.
+# and it was so easy to implement ;-)
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2001-2020 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+#
+# URL format:    loop://[option[/option...]]
+# options:
+# - "debug" print diagnostic messages
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import logging
+import numbers
+import time
+try:
+    import urlparse
+except ImportError:
+    import urllib.parse as urlparse
+try:
+    import queue
+except ImportError:
+    import Queue as queue
+
+from serial.serialutil import SerialBase, SerialException, to_bytes, iterbytes, SerialTimeoutException, PortNotOpenError
+
+# map log level names to constants. used in from_url()
+LOGGER_LEVELS = {
+    'debug': logging.DEBUG,
+    'info': logging.INFO,
+    'warning': logging.WARNING,
+    'error': logging.ERROR,
+}
+
+
+class Serial(SerialBase):
+    """Serial port implementation that simulates a loop back connection in plain software."""
+
+    BAUDRATES = (50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800,
+                 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200)
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.buffer_size = 4096
+        self.queue = None
+        self.logger = None
+        self._cancel_write = False
+        super(Serial, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def open(self):
+        """\
+        Open port with current settings. This may throw a SerialException
+        if the port cannot be opened.
+        """
+        if self.is_open:
+            raise SerialException("Port is already open.")
+        self.logger = None
+        self.queue = queue.Queue(self.buffer_size)
+
+        if self._port is None:
+            raise SerialException("Port must be configured before it can be used.")
+        # not that there is anything to open, but the function applies the
+        # options found in the URL
+        self.from_url(self.port)
+
+        # not that there anything to configure...
+        self._reconfigure_port()
+        # all things set up get, now a clean start
+        self.is_open = True
+        if not self._dsrdtr:
+            self._update_dtr_state()
+        if not self._rtscts:
+            self._update_rts_state()
+        self.reset_input_buffer()
+        self.reset_output_buffer()
+
+    def close(self):
+        if self.is_open:
+            self.is_open = False
+            try:
+                self.queue.put_nowait(None)
+            except queue.Full:
+                pass
+        super(Serial, self).close()
+
+    def _reconfigure_port(self):
+        """\
+        Set communication parameters on opened port. For the loop://
+        protocol all settings are ignored!
+        """
+        # not that's it of any real use, but it helps in the unit tests
+        if not isinstance(self._baudrate, numbers.Integral) or not 0 < self._baudrate < 2 ** 32:
+            raise ValueError("invalid baudrate: {!r}".format(self._baudrate))
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('_reconfigure_port()')
+
+    def from_url(self, url):
+        """extract host and port from an URL string"""
+        parts = urlparse.urlsplit(url)
+        if parts.scheme != "loop":
+            raise SerialException(
+                'expected a string in the form '
+                '"loop://[?logging={debug|info|warning|error}]": not starting '
+                'with loop:// ({!r})'.format(parts.scheme))
+        try:
+            # process options now, directly altering self
+            for option, values in urlparse.parse_qs(parts.query, True).items():
+                if option == 'logging':
+                    logging.basicConfig()   # XXX is that good to call it here?
+                    self.logger = logging.getLogger('pySerial.loop')
+                    self.logger.setLevel(LOGGER_LEVELS[values[0]])
+                    self.logger.debug('enabled logging')
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError('unknown option: {!r}'.format(option))
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise SerialException(
+                'expected a string in the form '
+                '"loop://[?logging={debug|info|warning|error}]": {}'.format(e))
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    @property
+    def in_waiting(self):
+        """Return the number of bytes currently in the input buffer."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            # attention the logged value can differ from return value in
+            # threaded environments...
+            self.logger.debug('in_waiting -> {:d}'.format(self.queue.qsize()))
+        return self.queue.qsize()
+
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        """\
+        Read size bytes from the serial port. If a timeout is set it may
+        return less characters as requested. With no timeout it will block
+        until the requested number of bytes is read.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self._timeout is not None and self._timeout != 0:
+            timeout = time.time() + self._timeout
+        else:
+            timeout = None
+        data = bytearray()
+        while size > 0 and self.is_open:
+            try:
+                b = self.queue.get(timeout=self._timeout)  # XXX inter char timeout
+            except queue.Empty:
+                if self._timeout == 0:
+                    break
+            else:
+                if b is not None:
+                    data += b
+                    size -= 1
+                else:
+                    break
+            # check for timeout now, after data has been read.
+            # useful for timeout = 0 (non blocking) read
+            if timeout and time.time() > timeout:
+                if self.logger:
+                    self.logger.info('read timeout')
+                break
+        return bytes(data)
+
+    def cancel_read(self):
+        self.queue.put_nowait(None)
+
+    def cancel_write(self):
+        self._cancel_write = True
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        """\
+        Output the given byte string over the serial port. Can block if the
+        connection is blocked. May raise SerialException if the connection is
+        closed.
+        """
+        self._cancel_write = False
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        data = to_bytes(data)
+        # calculate aprox time that would be used to send the data
+        time_used_to_send = 10.0 * len(data) / self._baudrate
+        # when a write timeout is configured check if we would be successful
+        # (not sending anything, not even the part that would have time)
+        if self._write_timeout is not None and time_used_to_send > self._write_timeout:
+            # must wait so that unit test succeeds
+            time_left = self._write_timeout
+            while time_left > 0 and not self._cancel_write:
+                time.sleep(min(time_left, 0.5))
+                time_left -= 0.5
+            if self._cancel_write:
+                return 0  # XXX
+            raise SerialTimeoutException('Write timeout')
+        for byte in iterbytes(data):
+            self.queue.put(byte, timeout=self._write_timeout)
+        return len(data)
+
+    def reset_input_buffer(self):
+        """Clear input buffer, discarding all that is in the buffer."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('reset_input_buffer()')
+        try:
+            while self.queue.qsize():
+                self.queue.get_nowait()
+        except queue.Empty:
+            pass
+
+    def reset_output_buffer(self):
+        """\
+        Clear output buffer, aborting the current output and
+        discarding all that is in the buffer.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('reset_output_buffer()')
+        try:
+            while self.queue.qsize():
+                self.queue.get_nowait()
+        except queue.Empty:
+            pass
+
+    @property
+    def out_waiting(self):
+        """Return how many bytes the in the outgoing buffer"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            # attention the logged value can differ from return value in
+            # threaded environments...
+            self.logger.debug('out_waiting -> {:d}'.format(self.queue.qsize()))
+        return self.queue.qsize()
+
+    def _update_break_state(self):
+        """\
+        Set break: Controls TXD. When active, to transmitting is
+        possible.
+        """
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('_update_break_state({!r})'.format(self._break_state))
+
+    def _update_rts_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Request To Send"""
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('_update_rts_state({!r}) -> state of CTS'.format(self._rts_state))
+
+    def _update_dtr_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Data Terminal Ready"""
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('_update_dtr_state({!r}) -> state of DSR'.format(self._dtr_state))
+
+    @property
+    def cts(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Clear To Send"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('CTS -> state of RTS ({!r})'.format(self._rts_state))
+        return self._rts_state
+
+    @property
+    def dsr(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Data Set Ready"""
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('DSR -> state of DTR ({!r})'.format(self._dtr_state))
+        return self._dtr_state
+
+    @property
+    def ri(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Ring Indicator"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('returning dummy for RI')
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def cd(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Carrier Detect"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('returning dummy for CD')
+        return True
+
+    # - - - platform specific - - -
+    # None so far
+
+
+# simple client test
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    s = Serial('loop://')
+    sys.stdout.write('{}\n'.format(s))
+
+    sys.stdout.write("write...\n")
+    s.write("hello\n")
+    s.flush()
+    sys.stdout.write("read: {!r}\n".format(s.read(5)))
+
+    s.close()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_rfc2217.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_rfc2217.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ebeec3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_rfc2217.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#! python
+#
+# This is a thin wrapper to load the rfc2217 implementation.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2011 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from serial.rfc2217 import Serial  # noqa
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_socket.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_socket.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2888467
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_socket.py
@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+#! python
+#
+# This module implements a simple socket based client.
+# It does not support changing any port parameters and will silently ignore any
+# requests to do so.
+#
+# The purpose of this module is that applications using pySerial can connect to
+# TCP/IP to serial port converters that do not support RFC 2217.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2001-2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+#
+# URL format:    socket://<host>:<port>[/option[/option...]]
+# options:
+# - "debug" print diagnostic messages
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import errno
+import logging
+import select
+import socket
+import time
+try:
+    import urlparse
+except ImportError:
+    import urllib.parse as urlparse
+
+from serial.serialutil import SerialBase, SerialException, to_bytes, \
+    PortNotOpenError, SerialTimeoutException, Timeout
+
+# map log level names to constants. used in from_url()
+LOGGER_LEVELS = {
+    'debug': logging.DEBUG,
+    'info': logging.INFO,
+    'warning': logging.WARNING,
+    'error': logging.ERROR,
+}
+
+POLL_TIMEOUT = 5
+
+
+class Serial(SerialBase):
+    """Serial port implementation for plain sockets."""
+
+    BAUDRATES = (50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 200, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800,
+                 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200)
+
+    def open(self):
+        """\
+        Open port with current settings. This may throw a SerialException
+        if the port cannot be opened.
+        """
+        self.logger = None
+        if self._port is None:
+            raise SerialException("Port must be configured before it can be used.")
+        if self.is_open:
+            raise SerialException("Port is already open.")
+        try:
+            # timeout is used for write timeout support :/ and to get an initial connection timeout
+            self._socket = socket.create_connection(self.from_url(self.portstr), timeout=POLL_TIMEOUT)
+        except Exception as msg:
+            self._socket = None
+            raise SerialException("Could not open port {}: {}".format(self.portstr, msg))
+        # after connecting, switch to non-blocking, we're using select
+        self._socket.setblocking(False)
+
+        # not that there is anything to configure...
+        self._reconfigure_port()
+        # all things set up get, now a clean start
+        self.is_open = True
+        if not self._dsrdtr:
+            self._update_dtr_state()
+        if not self._rtscts:
+            self._update_rts_state()
+        self.reset_input_buffer()
+        self.reset_output_buffer()
+
+    def _reconfigure_port(self):
+        """\
+        Set communication parameters on opened port. For the socket://
+        protocol all settings are ignored!
+        """
+        if self._socket is None:
+            raise SerialException("Can only operate on open ports")
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('ignored port configuration change')
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close port"""
+        if self.is_open:
+            if self._socket:
+                try:
+                    self._socket.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
+                    self._socket.close()
+                except:
+                    # ignore errors.
+                    pass
+                self._socket = None
+            self.is_open = False
+            # in case of quick reconnects, give the server some time
+            time.sleep(0.3)
+
+    def from_url(self, url):
+        """extract host and port from an URL string"""
+        parts = urlparse.urlsplit(url)
+        if parts.scheme != "socket":
+            raise SerialException(
+                'expected a string in the form '
+                '"socket://<host>:<port>[?logging={debug|info|warning|error}]": '
+                'not starting with socket:// ({!r})'.format(parts.scheme))
+        try:
+            # process options now, directly altering self
+            for option, values in urlparse.parse_qs(parts.query, True).items():
+                if option == 'logging':
+                    logging.basicConfig()   # XXX is that good to call it here?
+                    self.logger = logging.getLogger('pySerial.socket')
+                    self.logger.setLevel(LOGGER_LEVELS[values[0]])
+                    self.logger.debug('enabled logging')
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError('unknown option: {!r}'.format(option))
+            if not 0 <= parts.port < 65536:
+                raise ValueError("port not in range 0...65535")
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise SerialException(
+                'expected a string in the form '
+                '"socket://<host>:<port>[?logging={debug|info|warning|error}]": {}'.format(e))
+
+        return (parts.hostname, parts.port)
+
+    #  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -
+
+    @property
+    def in_waiting(self):
+        """Return the number of bytes currently in the input buffer."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        # Poll the socket to see if it is ready for reading.
+        # If ready, at least one byte will be to read.
+        lr, lw, lx = select.select([self._socket], [], [], 0)
+        return len(lr)
+
+    # select based implementation, similar to posix, but only using socket API
+    # to be portable, additionally handle socket timeout which is used to
+    # emulate write timeouts
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        """\
+        Read size bytes from the serial port. If a timeout is set it may
+        return less characters as requested. With no timeout it will block
+        until the requested number of bytes is read.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        read = bytearray()
+        timeout = Timeout(self._timeout)
+        while len(read) < size:
+            try:
+                ready, _, _ = select.select([self._socket], [], [], timeout.time_left())
+                # If select was used with a timeout, and the timeout occurs, it
+                # returns with empty lists -> thus abort read operation.
+                # For timeout == 0 (non-blocking operation) also abort when
+                # there is nothing to read.
+                if not ready:
+                    break   # timeout
+                buf = self._socket.recv(size - len(read))
+                # read should always return some data as select reported it was
+                # ready to read when we get to this point, unless it is EOF
+                if not buf:
+                    raise SerialException('socket disconnected')
+                read.extend(buf)
+            except OSError as e:
+                # this is for Python 3.x where select.error is a subclass of
+                # OSError ignore BlockingIOErrors and EINTR. other errors are shown
+                # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0475.
+                if e.errno not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EALREADY, errno.EWOULDBLOCK, errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EINTR):
+                    raise SerialException('read failed: {}'.format(e))
+            except (select.error, socket.error) as e:
+                # this is for Python 2.x
+                # ignore BlockingIOErrors and EINTR. all errors are shown
+                # see also http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-3151/#select
+                if e[0] not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EALREADY, errno.EWOULDBLOCK, errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EINTR):
+                    raise SerialException('read failed: {}'.format(e))
+            if timeout.expired():
+                break
+        return bytes(read)
+
+    def write(self, data):
+        """\
+        Output the given byte string over the serial port. Can block if the
+        connection is blocked. May raise SerialException if the connection is
+        closed.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+
+        d = to_bytes(data)
+        tx_len = length = len(d)
+        timeout = Timeout(self._write_timeout)
+        while tx_len > 0:
+            try:
+                n = self._socket.send(d)
+                if timeout.is_non_blocking:
+                    # Zero timeout indicates non-blocking - simply return the
+                    # number of bytes of data actually written
+                    return n
+                elif not timeout.is_infinite:
+                    # when timeout is set, use select to wait for being ready
+                    # with the time left as timeout
+                    if timeout.expired():
+                        raise SerialTimeoutException('Write timeout')
+                    _, ready, _ = select.select([], [self._socket], [], timeout.time_left())
+                    if not ready:
+                        raise SerialTimeoutException('Write timeout')
+                else:
+                    assert timeout.time_left() is None
+                    # wait for write operation
+                    _, ready, _ = select.select([], [self._socket], [], None)
+                    if not ready:
+                        raise SerialException('write failed (select)')
+                d = d[n:]
+                tx_len -= n
+            except SerialException:
+                raise
+            except OSError as e:
+                # this is for Python 3.x where select.error is a subclass of
+                # OSError ignore BlockingIOErrors and EINTR. other errors are shown
+                # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0475.
+                if e.errno not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EALREADY, errno.EWOULDBLOCK, errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EINTR):
+                    raise SerialException('write failed: {}'.format(e))
+            except select.error as e:
+                # this is for Python 2.x
+                # ignore BlockingIOErrors and EINTR. all errors are shown
+                # see also http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-3151/#select
+                if e[0] not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EALREADY, errno.EWOULDBLOCK, errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EINTR):
+                    raise SerialException('write failed: {}'.format(e))
+            if not timeout.is_non_blocking and timeout.expired():
+                raise SerialTimeoutException('Write timeout')
+        return length - len(d)
+
+    def reset_input_buffer(self):
+        """Clear input buffer, discarding all that is in the buffer."""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+
+        # just use recv to remove input, while there is some
+        ready = True
+        while ready:
+            ready, _, _ = select.select([self._socket], [], [], 0)
+            try:
+                if ready:
+                    ready = self._socket.recv(4096)
+            except OSError as e:
+                # this is for Python 3.x where select.error is a subclass of
+                # OSError ignore BlockingIOErrors and EINTR. other errors are shown
+                # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0475.
+                if e.errno not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EALREADY, errno.EWOULDBLOCK, errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EINTR):
+                    raise SerialException('read failed: {}'.format(e))
+            except (select.error, socket.error) as e:
+                # this is for Python 2.x
+                # ignore BlockingIOErrors and EINTR. all errors are shown
+                # see also http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-3151/#select
+                if e[0] not in (errno.EAGAIN, errno.EALREADY, errno.EWOULDBLOCK, errno.EINPROGRESS, errno.EINTR):
+                    raise SerialException('read failed: {}'.format(e))
+
+    def reset_output_buffer(self):
+        """\
+        Clear output buffer, aborting the current output and
+        discarding all that is in the buffer.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('ignored reset_output_buffer')
+
+    def send_break(self, duration=0.25):
+        """\
+        Send break condition. Timed, returns to idle state after given
+        duration.
+        """
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('ignored send_break({!r})'.format(duration))
+
+    def _update_break_state(self):
+        """Set break: Controls TXD. When active, to transmitting is
+        possible."""
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('ignored _update_break_state({!r})'.format(self._break_state))
+
+    def _update_rts_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Request To Send"""
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('ignored _update_rts_state({!r})'.format(self._rts_state))
+
+    def _update_dtr_state(self):
+        """Set terminal status line: Data Terminal Ready"""
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('ignored _update_dtr_state({!r})'.format(self._dtr_state))
+
+    @property
+    def cts(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Clear To Send"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('returning dummy for cts')
+        return True
+
+    @property
+    def dsr(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Data Set Ready"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('returning dummy for dsr')
+        return True
+
+    @property
+    def ri(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Ring Indicator"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('returning dummy for ri')
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def cd(self):
+        """Read terminal status line: Carrier Detect"""
+        if not self.is_open:
+            raise PortNotOpenError()
+        if self.logger:
+            self.logger.info('returning dummy for cd)')
+        return True
+
+    # - - - platform specific - - -
+
+    # works on Linux and probably all the other POSIX systems
+    def fileno(self):
+        """Get the file handle of the underlying socket for use with select"""
+        return self._socket.fileno()
+
+
+#
+# simple client test
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    import sys
+    s = Serial('socket://localhost:7000')
+    sys.stdout.write('{}\n'.format(s))
+
+    sys.stdout.write("write...\n")
+    s.write(b"hello\n")
+    s.flush()
+    sys.stdout.write("read: {}\n".format(s.read(5)))
+
+    s.close()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_spy.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_spy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67c700b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/urlhandler/protocol_spy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+#! python
+#
+# This module implements a special URL handler that wraps an other port,
+# print the traffic for debugging purposes. With this, it is possible
+# to debug the serial port traffic on every application that uses
+# serial_for_url.
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+#
+# URL format:    spy://port[?option[=value][&option[=value]]]
+# options:
+# - dev=X   a file or device to write to
+# - color   use escape code to colorize output
+# - raw     forward raw bytes instead of hexdump
+#
+# example:
+#   redirect output to an other terminal window on Posix (Linux):
+#   python -m serial.tools.miniterm spy:///dev/ttyUSB0?dev=/dev/pts/14\&color
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import sys
+import time
+
+import serial
+from serial.serialutil import  to_bytes
+
+try:
+    import urlparse
+except ImportError:
+    import urllib.parse as urlparse
+
+
+def sixteen(data):
+    """\
+    yield tuples of hex and ASCII display in multiples of 16. Includes a
+    space after 8 bytes and (None, None) after 16 bytes and at the end.
+    """
+    n = 0
+    for b in serial.iterbytes(data):
+        yield ('{:02X} '.format(ord(b)), b.decode('ascii') if b' ' <= b < b'\x7f' else '.')
+        n += 1
+        if n == 8:
+            yield (' ', '')
+        elif n >= 16:
+            yield (None, None)
+            n = 0
+    if n > 0:
+        while n < 16:
+            n += 1
+            if n == 8:
+                yield (' ', '')
+            yield ('   ', ' ')
+        yield (None, None)
+
+
+def hexdump(data):
+    """yield lines with hexdump of data"""
+    values = []
+    ascii = []
+    offset = 0
+    for h, a in sixteen(data):
+        if h is None:
+            yield (offset, ' '.join([''.join(values), ''.join(ascii)]))
+            del values[:]
+            del ascii[:]
+            offset += 0x10
+        else:
+            values.append(h)
+            ascii.append(a)
+
+
+class FormatRaw(object):
+    """Forward only RX and TX data to output."""
+
+    def __init__(self, output, color):
+        self.output = output
+        self.color = color
+        self.rx_color = '\x1b[32m'
+        self.tx_color = '\x1b[31m'
+
+    def rx(self, data):
+        """show received data"""
+        if self.color:
+            self.output.write(self.rx_color)
+        self.output.write(data)
+        self.output.flush()
+
+    def tx(self, data):
+        """show transmitted data"""
+        if self.color:
+            self.output.write(self.tx_color)
+        self.output.write(data)
+        self.output.flush()
+
+    def control(self, name, value):
+        """(do not) show control calls"""
+        pass
+
+
+class FormatHexdump(object):
+    """\
+    Create a hex dump of RX ad TX data, show when control lines are read or
+    written.
+
+    output example::
+
+        000000.000 Q-RX flushInput
+        000002.469 RTS  inactive
+        000002.773 RTS  active
+        000003.001 TX   48 45 4C 4C 4F                                    HELLO
+        000003.102 RX   48 45 4C 4C 4F                                    HELLO
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, output, color):
+        self.start_time = time.time()
+        self.output = output
+        self.color = color
+        self.rx_color = '\x1b[32m'
+        self.tx_color = '\x1b[31m'
+        self.control_color = '\x1b[37m'
+
+    def write_line(self, timestamp, label, value, value2=''):
+        self.output.write('{:010.3f} {:4} {}{}\n'.format(timestamp, label, value, value2))
+        self.output.flush()
+
+    def rx(self, data):
+        """show received data as hex dump"""
+        if self.color:
+            self.output.write(self.rx_color)
+        if data:
+            for offset, row in hexdump(data):
+                self.write_line(time.time() - self.start_time, 'RX', '{:04X}  '.format(offset), row)
+        else:
+            self.write_line(time.time() - self.start_time, 'RX', '<empty>')
+
+    def tx(self, data):
+        """show transmitted data as hex dump"""
+        if self.color:
+            self.output.write(self.tx_color)
+        for offset, row in hexdump(data):
+            self.write_line(time.time() - self.start_time, 'TX', '{:04X}  '.format(offset), row)
+
+    def control(self, name, value):
+        """show control calls"""
+        if self.color:
+            self.output.write(self.control_color)
+        self.write_line(time.time() - self.start_time, name, value)
+
+
+class Serial(serial.Serial):
+    """\
+    Inherit the native Serial port implementation and wrap all the methods and
+    attributes.
+    """
+    # pylint: disable=no-member
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(Serial, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        self.formatter = None
+        self.show_all = False
+
+    @serial.Serial.port.setter
+    def port(self, value):
+        if value is not None:
+            serial.Serial.port.__set__(self, self.from_url(value))
+
+    def from_url(self, url):
+        """extract host and port from an URL string"""
+        parts = urlparse.urlsplit(url)
+        if parts.scheme != 'spy':
+            raise serial.SerialException(
+                'expected a string in the form '
+                '"spy://port[?option[=value][&option[=value]]]": '
+                'not starting with spy:// ({!r})'.format(parts.scheme))
+        # process options now, directly altering self
+        formatter = FormatHexdump
+        color = False
+        output = sys.stderr
+        try:
+            for option, values in urlparse.parse_qs(parts.query, True).items():
+                if option == 'file':
+                    output = open(values[0], 'w')
+                elif option == 'color':
+                    color = True
+                elif option == 'raw':
+                    formatter = FormatRaw
+                elif option == 'all':
+                    self.show_all = True
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError('unknown option: {!r}'.format(option))
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise serial.SerialException(
+                'expected a string in the form '
+                '"spy://port[?option[=value][&option[=value]]]": {}'.format(e))
+        self.formatter = formatter(output, color)
+        return ''.join([parts.netloc, parts.path])
+
+    def write(self, tx):
+        tx = to_bytes(tx)
+        self.formatter.tx(tx)
+        return super(Serial, self).write(tx)
+
+    def read(self, size=1):
+        rx = super(Serial, self).read(size)
+        if rx or self.show_all:
+            self.formatter.rx(rx)
+        return rx
+
+    if hasattr(serial.Serial, 'cancel_read'):
+        def cancel_read(self):
+            self.formatter.control('Q-RX', 'cancel_read')
+            super(Serial, self).cancel_read()
+
+    if hasattr(serial.Serial, 'cancel_write'):
+        def cancel_write(self):
+            self.formatter.control('Q-TX', 'cancel_write')
+            super(Serial, self).cancel_write()
+
+    @property
+    def in_waiting(self):
+        n = super(Serial, self).in_waiting
+        if self.show_all:
+            self.formatter.control('Q-RX', 'in_waiting -> {}'.format(n))
+        return n
+
+    def flush(self):
+        self.formatter.control('Q-TX', 'flush')
+        super(Serial, self).flush()
+
+    def reset_input_buffer(self):
+        self.formatter.control('Q-RX', 'reset_input_buffer')
+        super(Serial, self).reset_input_buffer()
+
+    def reset_output_buffer(self):
+        self.formatter.control('Q-TX', 'reset_output_buffer')
+        super(Serial, self).reset_output_buffer()
+
+    def send_break(self, duration=0.25):
+        self.formatter.control('BRK', 'send_break {}s'.format(duration))
+        super(Serial, self).send_break(duration)
+
+    @serial.Serial.break_condition.setter
+    def break_condition(self, level):
+        self.formatter.control('BRK', 'active' if level else 'inactive')
+        serial.Serial.break_condition.__set__(self, level)
+
+    @serial.Serial.rts.setter
+    def rts(self, level):
+        self.formatter.control('RTS', 'active' if level else 'inactive')
+        serial.Serial.rts.__set__(self, level)
+
+    @serial.Serial.dtr.setter
+    def dtr(self, level):
+        self.formatter.control('DTR', 'active' if level else 'inactive')
+        serial.Serial.dtr.__set__(self, level)
+
+    @serial.Serial.cts.getter
+    def cts(self):
+        level = super(Serial, self).cts
+        self.formatter.control('CTS', 'active' if level else 'inactive')
+        return level
+
+    @serial.Serial.dsr.getter
+    def dsr(self):
+        level = super(Serial, self).dsr
+        self.formatter.control('DSR', 'active' if level else 'inactive')
+        return level
+
+    @serial.Serial.ri.getter
+    def ri(self):
+        level = super(Serial, self).ri
+        self.formatter.control('RI', 'active' if level else 'inactive')
+        return level
+
+    @serial.Serial.cd.getter
+    def cd(self):
+        level = super(Serial, self).cd
+        self.formatter.control('CD', 'active' if level else 'inactive')
+        return level
+
+# - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    ser = Serial(None)
+    ser.port = 'spy:///dev/ttyS0'
+    print(ser)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/win32.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/win32.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..157f470
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/serial/win32.py
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+#! python
+#
+# Constants and types for use with Windows API, used by serialwin32.py
+#
+# This file is part of pySerial. https://github.com/pyserial/pyserial
+# (C) 2001-2015 Chris Liechti <cliechti@gmx.net>
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier:    BSD-3-Clause
+
+# pylint: disable=invalid-name,too-few-public-methods,protected-access,too-many-instance-attributes
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from ctypes import c_ulong, c_void_p, c_int64, c_char, \
+                   WinDLL, sizeof, Structure, Union, POINTER
+from ctypes.wintypes import HANDLE
+from ctypes.wintypes import BOOL
+from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR
+from ctypes.wintypes import DWORD
+from ctypes.wintypes import WORD
+from ctypes.wintypes import BYTE
+_stdcall_libraries = {}
+_stdcall_libraries['kernel32'] = WinDLL('kernel32')
+
+INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = HANDLE(-1).value
+
+
+# some details of the windows API differ between 32 and 64 bit systems..
+def is_64bit():
+    """Returns true when running on a 64 bit system"""
+    return sizeof(c_ulong) != sizeof(c_void_p)
+
+# ULONG_PTR is a an ordinary number, not a pointer and contrary to the name it
+# is either 32 or 64 bits, depending on the type of windows...
+# so test if this a 32 bit windows...
+if is_64bit():
+    ULONG_PTR = c_int64
+else:
+    ULONG_PTR = c_ulong
+
+
+class _SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES(Structure):
+    pass
+LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES = POINTER(_SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES)
+
+
+try:
+    CreateEventW = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].CreateEventW
+except AttributeError:
+    # Fallback to non wide char version for old OS...
+    from ctypes.wintypes import LPCSTR
+    CreateEventA = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].CreateEventA
+    CreateEventA.restype = HANDLE
+    CreateEventA.argtypes = [LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, BOOL, BOOL, LPCSTR]
+    CreateEvent = CreateEventA
+
+    CreateFileA = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].CreateFileA
+    CreateFileA.restype = HANDLE
+    CreateFileA.argtypes = [LPCSTR, DWORD, DWORD, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, DWORD, DWORD, HANDLE]
+    CreateFile = CreateFileA
+else:
+    CreateEventW.restype = HANDLE
+    CreateEventW.argtypes = [LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, BOOL, BOOL, LPCWSTR]
+    CreateEvent = CreateEventW  # alias
+
+    CreateFileW = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].CreateFileW
+    CreateFileW.restype = HANDLE
+    CreateFileW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, DWORD, DWORD, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, DWORD, DWORD, HANDLE]
+    CreateFile = CreateFileW  # alias
+
+
+class _OVERLAPPED(Structure):
+    pass
+
+OVERLAPPED = _OVERLAPPED
+
+
+class _COMSTAT(Structure):
+    pass
+
+COMSTAT = _COMSTAT
+
+
+class _DCB(Structure):
+    pass
+
+DCB = _DCB
+
+
+class _COMMTIMEOUTS(Structure):
+    pass
+
+COMMTIMEOUTS = _COMMTIMEOUTS
+
+GetLastError = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].GetLastError
+GetLastError.restype = DWORD
+GetLastError.argtypes = []
+
+LPOVERLAPPED = POINTER(_OVERLAPPED)
+LPDWORD = POINTER(DWORD)
+
+GetOverlappedResult = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].GetOverlappedResult
+GetOverlappedResult.restype = BOOL
+GetOverlappedResult.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPOVERLAPPED, LPDWORD, BOOL]
+
+ResetEvent = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].ResetEvent
+ResetEvent.restype = BOOL
+ResetEvent.argtypes = [HANDLE]
+
+LPCVOID = c_void_p
+
+WriteFile = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].WriteFile
+WriteFile.restype = BOOL
+WriteFile.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPCVOID, DWORD, LPDWORD, LPOVERLAPPED]
+
+LPVOID = c_void_p
+
+ReadFile = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].ReadFile
+ReadFile.restype = BOOL
+ReadFile.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPVOID, DWORD, LPDWORD, LPOVERLAPPED]
+
+CloseHandle = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].CloseHandle
+CloseHandle.restype = BOOL
+CloseHandle.argtypes = [HANDLE]
+
+ClearCommBreak = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].ClearCommBreak
+ClearCommBreak.restype = BOOL
+ClearCommBreak.argtypes = [HANDLE]
+
+LPCOMSTAT = POINTER(_COMSTAT)
+
+ClearCommError = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].ClearCommError
+ClearCommError.restype = BOOL
+ClearCommError.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPDWORD, LPCOMSTAT]
+
+SetupComm = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].SetupComm
+SetupComm.restype = BOOL
+SetupComm.argtypes = [HANDLE, DWORD, DWORD]
+
+EscapeCommFunction = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].EscapeCommFunction
+EscapeCommFunction.restype = BOOL
+EscapeCommFunction.argtypes = [HANDLE, DWORD]
+
+GetCommModemStatus = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].GetCommModemStatus
+GetCommModemStatus.restype = BOOL
+GetCommModemStatus.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPDWORD]
+
+LPDCB = POINTER(_DCB)
+
+GetCommState = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].GetCommState
+GetCommState.restype = BOOL
+GetCommState.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPDCB]
+
+LPCOMMTIMEOUTS = POINTER(_COMMTIMEOUTS)
+
+GetCommTimeouts = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].GetCommTimeouts
+GetCommTimeouts.restype = BOOL
+GetCommTimeouts.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPCOMMTIMEOUTS]
+
+PurgeComm = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].PurgeComm
+PurgeComm.restype = BOOL
+PurgeComm.argtypes = [HANDLE, DWORD]
+
+SetCommBreak = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].SetCommBreak
+SetCommBreak.restype = BOOL
+SetCommBreak.argtypes = [HANDLE]
+
+SetCommMask = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].SetCommMask
+SetCommMask.restype = BOOL
+SetCommMask.argtypes = [HANDLE, DWORD]
+
+SetCommState = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].SetCommState
+SetCommState.restype = BOOL
+SetCommState.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPDCB]
+
+SetCommTimeouts = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].SetCommTimeouts
+SetCommTimeouts.restype = BOOL
+SetCommTimeouts.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPCOMMTIMEOUTS]
+
+WaitForSingleObject = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].WaitForSingleObject
+WaitForSingleObject.restype = DWORD
+WaitForSingleObject.argtypes = [HANDLE, DWORD]
+
+WaitCommEvent = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].WaitCommEvent
+WaitCommEvent.restype = BOOL
+WaitCommEvent.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPDWORD, LPOVERLAPPED]
+
+CancelIoEx = _stdcall_libraries['kernel32'].CancelIoEx
+CancelIoEx.restype = BOOL
+CancelIoEx.argtypes = [HANDLE, LPOVERLAPPED]
+
+ONESTOPBIT = 0  # Variable c_int
+TWOSTOPBITS = 2  # Variable c_int
+ONE5STOPBITS = 1
+
+NOPARITY = 0  # Variable c_int
+ODDPARITY = 1  # Variable c_int
+EVENPARITY = 2  # Variable c_int
+MARKPARITY = 3
+SPACEPARITY = 4
+
+RTS_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE = 2  # Variable c_int
+RTS_CONTROL_DISABLE = 0  # Variable c_int
+RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE = 1  # Variable c_int
+RTS_CONTROL_TOGGLE = 3  # Variable c_int
+SETRTS = 3
+CLRRTS = 4
+
+DTR_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE = 2  # Variable c_int
+DTR_CONTROL_DISABLE = 0  # Variable c_int
+DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE = 1  # Variable c_int
+SETDTR = 5
+CLRDTR = 6
+
+MS_DSR_ON = 32  # Variable c_ulong
+EV_RING = 256  # Variable c_int
+EV_PERR = 512  # Variable c_int
+EV_ERR = 128  # Variable c_int
+SETXOFF = 1  # Variable c_int
+EV_RXCHAR = 1  # Variable c_int
+GENERIC_WRITE = 1073741824  # Variable c_long
+PURGE_TXCLEAR = 4  # Variable c_int
+FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED = 1073741824  # Variable c_int
+EV_DSR = 16  # Variable c_int
+MAXDWORD = 4294967295  # Variable c_uint
+EV_RLSD = 32  # Variable c_int
+
+ERROR_SUCCESS = 0
+ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY = 8
+ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED = 995
+ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE = 996
+ERROR_IO_PENDING = 997  # Variable c_long
+ERROR_INVALID_USER_BUFFER = 1784
+
+MS_CTS_ON = 16  # Variable c_ulong
+EV_EVENT1 = 2048  # Variable c_int
+EV_RX80FULL = 1024  # Variable c_int
+PURGE_RXABORT = 2  # Variable c_int
+FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 128  # Variable c_int
+PURGE_TXABORT = 1  # Variable c_int
+SETXON = 2  # Variable c_int
+OPEN_EXISTING = 3  # Variable c_int
+MS_RING_ON = 64  # Variable c_ulong
+EV_TXEMPTY = 4  # Variable c_int
+EV_RXFLAG = 2  # Variable c_int
+MS_RLSD_ON = 128  # Variable c_ulong
+GENERIC_READ = 2147483648  # Variable c_ulong
+EV_EVENT2 = 4096  # Variable c_int
+EV_CTS = 8  # Variable c_int
+EV_BREAK = 64  # Variable c_int
+PURGE_RXCLEAR = 8  # Variable c_int
+INFINITE = 0xFFFFFFFF
+
+CE_RXOVER = 0x0001
+CE_OVERRUN = 0x0002
+CE_RXPARITY = 0x0004
+CE_FRAME = 0x0008
+CE_BREAK = 0x0010
+
+
+class N11_OVERLAPPED4DOLLAR_48E(Union):
+    pass
+
+
+class N11_OVERLAPPED4DOLLAR_484DOLLAR_49E(Structure):
+    pass
+
+
+N11_OVERLAPPED4DOLLAR_484DOLLAR_49E._fields_ = [
+    ('Offset', DWORD),
+    ('OffsetHigh', DWORD),
+]
+
+PVOID = c_void_p
+
+N11_OVERLAPPED4DOLLAR_48E._anonymous_ = ['_0']
+N11_OVERLAPPED4DOLLAR_48E._fields_ = [
+    ('_0', N11_OVERLAPPED4DOLLAR_484DOLLAR_49E),
+    ('Pointer', PVOID),
+]
+_OVERLAPPED._anonymous_ = ['_0']
+_OVERLAPPED._fields_ = [
+    ('Internal', ULONG_PTR),
+    ('InternalHigh', ULONG_PTR),
+    ('_0', N11_OVERLAPPED4DOLLAR_48E),
+    ('hEvent', HANDLE),
+]
+_SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES._fields_ = [
+    ('nLength', DWORD),
+    ('lpSecurityDescriptor', LPVOID),
+    ('bInheritHandle', BOOL),
+]
+_COMSTAT._fields_ = [
+    ('fCtsHold', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fDsrHold', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fRlsdHold', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fXoffHold', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fXoffSent', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fEof', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fTxim', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fReserved', DWORD, 25),
+    ('cbInQue', DWORD),
+    ('cbOutQue', DWORD),
+]
+_DCB._fields_ = [
+    ('DCBlength', DWORD),
+    ('BaudRate', DWORD),
+    ('fBinary', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fParity', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fOutxCtsFlow', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fOutxDsrFlow', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fDtrControl', DWORD, 2),
+    ('fDsrSensitivity', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fTXContinueOnXoff', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fOutX', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fInX', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fErrorChar', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fNull', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fRtsControl', DWORD, 2),
+    ('fAbortOnError', DWORD, 1),
+    ('fDummy2', DWORD, 17),
+    ('wReserved', WORD),
+    ('XonLim', WORD),
+    ('XoffLim', WORD),
+    ('ByteSize', BYTE),
+    ('Parity', BYTE),
+    ('StopBits', BYTE),
+    ('XonChar', c_char),
+    ('XoffChar', c_char),
+    ('ErrorChar', c_char),
+    ('EofChar', c_char),
+    ('EvtChar', c_char),
+    ('wReserved1', WORD),
+]
+_COMMTIMEOUTS._fields_ = [
+    ('ReadIntervalTimeout', DWORD),
+    ('ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier', DWORD),
+    ('ReadTotalTimeoutConstant', DWORD),
+    ('WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier', DWORD),
+    ('WriteTotalTimeoutConstant', DWORD),
+]
+__all__ = ['GetLastError', 'MS_CTS_ON', 'FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL',
+           'DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE', '_COMSTAT', 'MS_RLSD_ON',
+           'GetOverlappedResult', 'SETXON', 'PURGE_TXABORT',
+           'PurgeComm', 'N11_OVERLAPPED4DOLLAR_48E', 'EV_RING',
+           'ONESTOPBIT', 'SETXOFF', 'PURGE_RXABORT', 'GetCommState',
+           'RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE', '_DCB', 'CreateEvent',
+           '_COMMTIMEOUTS', '_SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES', 'EV_DSR',
+           'EV_PERR', 'EV_RXFLAG', 'OPEN_EXISTING', 'DCB',
+           'FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED', 'EV_CTS', 'SetupComm',
+           'LPOVERLAPPED', 'EV_TXEMPTY', 'ClearCommBreak',
+           'LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES', 'SetCommBreak', 'SetCommTimeouts',
+           'COMMTIMEOUTS', 'ODDPARITY', 'EV_RLSD',
+           'GetCommModemStatus', 'EV_EVENT2', 'PURGE_TXCLEAR',
+           'EV_BREAK', 'EVENPARITY', 'LPCVOID', 'COMSTAT', 'ReadFile',
+           'PVOID', '_OVERLAPPED', 'WriteFile', 'GetCommTimeouts',
+           'ResetEvent', 'EV_RXCHAR', 'LPCOMSTAT', 'ClearCommError',
+           'ERROR_IO_PENDING', 'EscapeCommFunction', 'GENERIC_READ',
+           'RTS_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE', 'OVERLAPPED',
+           'DTR_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE', 'PURGE_RXCLEAR', 'GENERIC_WRITE',
+           'LPDCB', 'CreateEventW', 'SetCommMask', 'EV_EVENT1',
+           'SetCommState', 'LPVOID', 'CreateFileW', 'LPDWORD',
+           'EV_RX80FULL', 'TWOSTOPBITS', 'LPCOMMTIMEOUTS', 'MAXDWORD',
+           'MS_DSR_ON', 'MS_RING_ON',
+           'N11_OVERLAPPED4DOLLAR_484DOLLAR_49E', 'EV_ERR',
+           'ULONG_PTR', 'CreateFile', 'NOPARITY', 'CloseHandle']
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e845ac7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/AUTHORS.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+Adam Chainz <adam@adamj.eu>
+Adam Wentz <awentz@theonion.com>
+Adrien Morison <adrien.morison@gmail.com>
+Alan Yee <alyee@ucsd.edu>
+Aleks Bunin <github@compuix.com>
+Alex Gaynor <alex.gaynor@gmail.com>
+Alex Grönholm <alex.gronholm@nextday.fi>
+Alex Morega <alex@grep.ro>
+Alex Stachowiak <alexander@computer.org>
+Alexander Shtyrov <rawzausho@gmail.com>
+Alexandre Conrad <alexandre.conrad@gmail.com>
+Alli <alzeih@users.noreply.github.com>
+Anatoly Techtonik <techtonik@gmail.com>
+Andrei Geacar <andrei.geacar@gmail.com>
+Andrew Gaul <andrew@gaul.org>
+Andrey Bulgakov <mail@andreiko.ru>
+Andrés Delfino <34587441+andresdelfino@users.noreply.github.com>
+Andrés Delfino <adelfino@gmail.com>
+Andy Freeland <andy.freeland@redjack.com>
+Andy Kluger <AndydeCleyre@users.noreply.github.com>
+Anish Tambe <anish.tambe@yahoo.in>
+Anrs Hu <anrs@douban.com>
+Anthony Sottile <asottile@umich.edu>
+Antoine Musso <hashar@free.fr>
+Anton Ovchinnikov <revolver112@gmail.com>
+Anton Patrushev <apatrushev@gmail.com>
+Antonio Alvarado Hernandez <tnotstar@gmail.com>
+Antony Lee <anntzer.lee@gmail.com>
+Antti Kaihola <akaihol+github@ambitone.com>
+Anubhav Patel <anubhavp28@gmail.com>
+Anuj Godase <godaseanuj@gmail.com>
+AQNOUCH Mohammed <aqnouch.mohammed@gmail.com>
+AraHaan <seandhunt_7@yahoo.com>
+Arindam Choudhury <arindam@live.com>
+Armin Ronacher <armin.ronacher@active-4.com>
+Ashley Manton <ajd.manton@googlemail.com>
+Atsushi Odagiri <aodagx@gmail.com>
+Avner Cohen <israbirding@gmail.com>
+Baptiste Mispelon <bmispelon@gmail.com>
+Barney Gale <barney.gale@gmail.com>
+barneygale <barney.gale@gmail.com>
+Bartek Ogryczak <b.ogryczak@gmail.com>
+Bastian Venthur <mail@venthur.de>
+Ben Darnell <ben@bendarnell.com>
+Ben Hoyt <benhoyt@gmail.com>
+Ben Rosser <rosser.bjr@gmail.com>
+Bence Nagy <bence@underyx.me>
+Benjamin VanEvery <ben@simondata.com>
+Benoit Pierre <benoit.pierre@gmail.com>
+Berker Peksag <berker.peksag@gmail.com>
+Bernardo B. Marques <bernardo.fire@gmail.com>
+Bernhard M. Wiedemann <bwiedemann@suse.de>
+Bogdan Opanchuk <bogdan@opanchuk.net>
+Brad Erickson <eosrei@gmail.com>
+Bradley Ayers <bradley.ayers@gmail.com>
+Brandon L. Reiss <brandon@damyata.co>
+Brett Randall <javabrett@gmail.com>
+Brian Rosner <brosner@gmail.com>
+BrownTruck <BrownTruck@users.noreply.github.com>
+Bruno Oliveira <nicoddemus@gmail.com>
+Bruno Renié <brutasse@gmail.com>
+Bstrdsmkr <bstrdsmkr@gmail.com>
+Buck Golemon <buck@yelp.com>
+burrows <burrows@preveil.com>
+Bussonnier Matthias <bussonniermatthias@gmail.com>
+c22 <c22@users.noreply.github.com>
+Calvin Smith <eukaryote@users.noreply.github.com>
+Carl Meyer <carl@oddbird.net>
+Carlos Liam <carlos@aarzee.me>
+Carol Willing <carolcode@willingconsulting.com>
+Carter Thayer <carterwthayer@gmail.com>
+Cass <cass.petrus@gmail.com>
+Chandrasekhar Atina <chandu.atina@gmail.com>
+Chris Brinker <chris.brinker@gmail.com>
+Chris Jerdonek <chris.jerdonek@gmail.com>
+Chris McDonough <chrism@plope.com>
+Chris Wolfe <chriswwolfe@gmail.com>
+Christian Heimes <christian@python.org>
+Christian Oudard <christian.oudard@gmail.com>
+Christopher Snyder <cnsnyder@users.noreply.github.com>
+Clark Boylan <clark.boylan@gmail.com>
+Clay McClure <clay@daemons.net>
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/LICENSE.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3379fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Copyright (c) 2008-2018 The pip developers (see AUTHORS.txt file)
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
+LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3fd97e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: setuptools
+Version: 40.8.0
+Summary: Easily download, build, install, upgrade, and uninstall Python packages
+Home-page: https://github.com/pypa/setuptools
+Author: Python Packaging Authority
+Author-email: distutils-sig@python.org
+License: UNKNOWN
+Project-URL: Documentation, https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/
+Keywords: CPAN PyPI distutils eggs package management
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
+Classifier: Topic :: System :: Archiving :: Packaging
+Classifier: Topic :: System :: Systems Administration
+Classifier: Topic :: Utilities
+Requires-Python: >=2.7,!=3.0.*,!=3.1.*,!=3.2.*,!=3.3.*
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst; charset=UTF-8
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/setuptools.svg
+   :target: https://pypi.org/project/setuptools
+
+.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/setuptools/badge/?version=latest
+    :target: https://setuptools.readthedocs.io
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/travis/pypa/setuptools/master.svg?label=Linux%20build%20%40%20Travis%20CI
+   :target: https://travis-ci.org/pypa/setuptools
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/appveyor/ci/pypa/setuptools/master.svg?label=Windows%20build%20%40%20Appveyor
+   :target: https://ci.appveyor.com/project/pypa/setuptools/branch/master
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/pypa/setuptools/master.svg
+   :target: https://codecov.io/gh/pypa/setuptools
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/setuptools.svg
+
+.. image:: https://tidelift.com/badges/github/pypa/setuptools
+   :target: https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-setuptools?utm_source=pypi-setuptools&utm_medium=readme
+
+See the `Installation Instructions
+<https://packaging.python.org/installing/>`_ in the Python Packaging
+User's Guide for instructions on installing, upgrading, and uninstalling
+Setuptools.
+
+Questions and comments should be directed to the `distutils-sig
+mailing list <http://mail.python.org/pipermail/distutils-sig/>`_.
+Bug reports and especially tested patches may be
+submitted directly to the `bug tracker
+<https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues>`_.
+
+
+Code of Conduct
+---------------
+
+Everyone interacting in the setuptools project's codebases, issue trackers,
+chat rooms, and mailing lists is expected to follow the
+`PyPA Code of Conduct <https://www.pypa.io/en/latest/code-of-conduct/>`_.
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ef85da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+../../../bin/easy_install,sha256=bWZAtTczGTKpqu_6DDbC33x8gLa-09iHnjB2qlQixTo,251
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4bde30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.32.3)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py2-none-any
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/dependency_links.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/dependency_links.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e87d021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/dependency_links.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/source/c/certifi/certifi-2016.9.26.tar.gz#md5=baa81e951a29958563689d868ef1064d
+https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/source/w/wincertstore/wincertstore-0.2.zip#md5=ae728f2f007185648d0c7a8679b361e2
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b429e52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/entry_points.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+[console_scripts]
+easy_install = setuptools.command.easy_install:main
+
+[distutils.commands]
+alias = setuptools.command.alias:alias
+bdist_egg = setuptools.command.bdist_egg:bdist_egg
+bdist_rpm = setuptools.command.bdist_rpm:bdist_rpm
+bdist_wininst = setuptools.command.bdist_wininst:bdist_wininst
+build_clib = setuptools.command.build_clib:build_clib
+build_ext = setuptools.command.build_ext:build_ext
+build_py = setuptools.command.build_py:build_py
+develop = setuptools.command.develop:develop
+dist_info = setuptools.command.dist_info:dist_info
+easy_install = setuptools.command.easy_install:easy_install
+egg_info = setuptools.command.egg_info:egg_info
+install = setuptools.command.install:install
+install_egg_info = setuptools.command.install_egg_info:install_egg_info
+install_lib = setuptools.command.install_lib:install_lib
+install_scripts = setuptools.command.install_scripts:install_scripts
+register = setuptools.command.register:register
+rotate = setuptools.command.rotate:rotate
+saveopts = setuptools.command.saveopts:saveopts
+sdist = setuptools.command.sdist:sdist
+setopt = setuptools.command.setopt:setopt
+test = setuptools.command.test:test
+upload = setuptools.command.upload:upload
+upload_docs = setuptools.command.upload_docs:upload_docs
+
+[distutils.setup_keywords]
+convert_2to3_doctests = setuptools.dist:assert_string_list
+dependency_links = setuptools.dist:assert_string_list
+eager_resources = setuptools.dist:assert_string_list
+entry_points = setuptools.dist:check_entry_points
+exclude_package_data = setuptools.dist:check_package_data
+extras_require = setuptools.dist:check_extras
+include_package_data = setuptools.dist:assert_bool
+install_requires = setuptools.dist:check_requirements
+namespace_packages = setuptools.dist:check_nsp
+package_data = setuptools.dist:check_package_data
+packages = setuptools.dist:check_packages
+python_requires = setuptools.dist:check_specifier
+setup_requires = setuptools.dist:check_requirements
+test_loader = setuptools.dist:check_importable
+test_runner = setuptools.dist:check_importable
+test_suite = setuptools.dist:check_test_suite
+tests_require = setuptools.dist:check_requirements
+use_2to3 = setuptools.dist:assert_bool
+use_2to3_exclude_fixers = setuptools.dist:assert_string_list
+use_2to3_fixers = setuptools.dist:assert_string_list
+zip_safe = setuptools.dist:assert_bool
+
+[egg_info.writers]
+PKG-INFO = setuptools.command.egg_info:write_pkg_info
+dependency_links.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:overwrite_arg
+depends.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:warn_depends_obsolete
+eager_resources.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:overwrite_arg
+entry_points.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:write_entries
+namespace_packages.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:overwrite_arg
+requires.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:write_requirements
+top_level.txt = setuptools.command.egg_info:write_toplevel_names
+
+[setuptools.installation]
+eggsecutable = setuptools.command.easy_install:bootstrap
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4577c6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+easy_install
+pkg_resources
+setuptools
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/zip-safe b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/zip-safe
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b13789
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info/zip-safe
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a71b2bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+"""Extensions to the 'distutils' for large or complex distributions"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import functools
+import distutils.core
+import distutils.filelist
+import re
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from fnmatch import fnmatchcase
+
+from ._deprecation_warning import SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+
+from setuptools.extern.six import PY3, string_types
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import filter, map
+
+import setuptools.version
+from setuptools.extension import Extension
+from setuptools.dist import Distribution, Feature
+from setuptools.depends import Require
+from . import monkey
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    'setup', 'Distribution', 'Feature', 'Command', 'Extension', 'Require',
+    'SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning',
+    'find_packages'
+]
+
+if PY3:
+  __all__.append('find_namespace_packages')
+
+__version__ = setuptools.version.__version__
+
+bootstrap_install_from = None
+
+# If we run 2to3 on .py files, should we also convert docstrings?
+# Default: yes; assume that we can detect doctests reliably
+run_2to3_on_doctests = True
+# Standard package names for fixer packages
+lib2to3_fixer_packages = ['lib2to3.fixes']
+
+
+class PackageFinder:
+    """
+    Generate a list of all Python packages found within a directory
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def find(cls, where='.', exclude=(), include=('*',)):
+        """Return a list all Python packages found within directory 'where'
+
+        'where' is the root directory which will be searched for packages.  It
+        should be supplied as a "cross-platform" (i.e. URL-style) path; it will
+        be converted to the appropriate local path syntax.
+
+        'exclude' is a sequence of package names to exclude; '*' can be used
+        as a wildcard in the names, such that 'foo.*' will exclude all
+        subpackages of 'foo' (but not 'foo' itself).
+
+        'include' is a sequence of package names to include.  If it's
+        specified, only the named packages will be included.  If it's not
+        specified, all found packages will be included.  'include' can contain
+        shell style wildcard patterns just like 'exclude'.
+        """
+
+        return list(cls._find_packages_iter(
+            convert_path(where),
+            cls._build_filter('ez_setup', '*__pycache__', *exclude),
+            cls._build_filter(*include)))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _find_packages_iter(cls, where, exclude, include):
+        """
+        All the packages found in 'where' that pass the 'include' filter, but
+        not the 'exclude' filter.
+        """
+        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(where, followlinks=True):
+            # Copy dirs to iterate over it, then empty dirs.
+            all_dirs = dirs[:]
+            dirs[:] = []
+
+            for dir in all_dirs:
+                full_path = os.path.join(root, dir)
+                rel_path = os.path.relpath(full_path, where)
+                package = rel_path.replace(os.path.sep, '.')
+
+                # Skip directory trees that are not valid packages
+                if ('.' in dir or not cls._looks_like_package(full_path)):
+                    continue
+
+                # Should this package be included?
+                if include(package) and not exclude(package):
+                    yield package
+
+                # Keep searching subdirectories, as there may be more packages
+                # down there, even if the parent was excluded.
+                dirs.append(dir)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _looks_like_package(path):
+        """Does a directory look like a package?"""
+        return os.path.isfile(os.path.join(path, '__init__.py'))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _build_filter(*patterns):
+        """
+        Given a list of patterns, return a callable that will be true only if
+        the input matches at least one of the patterns.
+        """
+        return lambda name: any(fnmatchcase(name, pat=pat) for pat in patterns)
+
+
+class PEP420PackageFinder(PackageFinder):
+    @staticmethod
+    def _looks_like_package(path):
+        return True
+
+
+find_packages = PackageFinder.find
+
+if PY3:
+  find_namespace_packages = PEP420PackageFinder.find
+
+
+def _install_setup_requires(attrs):
+    # Note: do not use `setuptools.Distribution` directly, as
+    # our PEP 517 backend patch `distutils.core.Distribution`.
+    dist = distutils.core.Distribution(dict(
+        (k, v) for k, v in attrs.items()
+        if k in ('dependency_links', 'setup_requires')
+    ))
+    # Honor setup.cfg's options.
+    dist.parse_config_files(ignore_option_errors=True)
+    if dist.setup_requires:
+        dist.fetch_build_eggs(dist.setup_requires)
+
+
+def setup(**attrs):
+    # Make sure we have any requirements needed to interpret 'attrs'.
+    _install_setup_requires(attrs)
+    return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
+
+setup.__doc__ = distutils.core.setup.__doc__
+
+
+_Command = monkey.get_unpatched(distutils.core.Command)
+
+
+class Command(_Command):
+    __doc__ = _Command.__doc__
+
+    command_consumes_arguments = False
+
+    def __init__(self, dist, **kw):
+        """
+        Construct the command for dist, updating
+        vars(self) with any keyword parameters.
+        """
+        _Command.__init__(self, dist)
+        vars(self).update(kw)
+
+    def _ensure_stringlike(self, option, what, default=None):
+        val = getattr(self, option)
+        if val is None:
+            setattr(self, option, default)
+            return default
+        elif not isinstance(val, string_types):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("'%s' must be a %s (got `%s`)"
+                                       % (option, what, val))
+        return val
+
+    def ensure_string_list(self, option):
+        r"""Ensure that 'option' is a list of strings.  If 'option' is
+        currently a string, we split it either on /,\s*/ or /\s+/, so
+        "foo bar baz", "foo,bar,baz", and "foo,   bar baz" all become
+        ["foo", "bar", "baz"].
+        """
+        val = getattr(self, option)
+        if val is None:
+            return
+        elif isinstance(val, string_types):
+            setattr(self, option, re.split(r',\s*|\s+', val))
+        else:
+            if isinstance(val, list):
+                ok = all(isinstance(v, string_types) for v in val)
+            else:
+                ok = False
+            if not ok:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                      "'%s' must be a list of strings (got %r)"
+                      % (option, val))
+
+    def reinitialize_command(self, command, reinit_subcommands=0, **kw):
+        cmd = _Command.reinitialize_command(self, command, reinit_subcommands)
+        vars(cmd).update(kw)
+        return cmd
+
+
+def _find_all_simple(path):
+    """
+    Find all files under 'path'
+    """
+    results = (
+        os.path.join(base, file)
+        for base, dirs, files in os.walk(path, followlinks=True)
+        for file in files
+    )
+    return filter(os.path.isfile, results)
+
+
+def findall(dir=os.curdir):
+    """
+    Find all files under 'dir' and return the list of full filenames.
+    Unless dir is '.', return full filenames with dir prepended.
+    """
+    files = _find_all_simple(dir)
+    if dir == os.curdir:
+        make_rel = functools.partial(os.path.relpath, start=dir)
+        files = map(make_rel, files)
+    return list(files)
+
+
+# Apply monkey patches
+monkey.patch_all()
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new file mode 100644
index 0000000..086b64d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_deprecation_warning.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+class SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning(Warning):
+    """
+    Base class for warning deprecations in ``setuptools``
+
+    This class is not derived from ``DeprecationWarning``, and as such is
+    visible by default.
+    """
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95d330e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__about__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__", "__summary__", "__uri__", "__version__", "__author__",
+    "__email__", "__license__", "__copyright__",
+]
+
+__title__ = "packaging"
+__summary__ = "Core utilities for Python packages"
+__uri__ = "https://github.com/pypa/packaging"
+
+__version__ = "16.8"
+
+__author__ = "Donald Stufft and individual contributors"
+__email__ = "donald@stufft.io"
+
+__license__ = "BSD or Apache License, Version 2.0"
+__copyright__ = "Copyright 2014-2016 %s" % __author__
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ee6220
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+from .__about__ import (
+    __author__, __copyright__, __email__, __license__, __summary__, __title__,
+    __uri__, __version__
+)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "__title__", "__summary__", "__uri__", "__version__", "__author__",
+    "__email__", "__license__", "__copyright__",
+]
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/version.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/__pycache__/version.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..210bb80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import sys
+
+
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+
+# flake8: noqa
+
+if PY3:
+    string_types = str,
+else:
+    string_types = basestring,
+
+
+def with_metaclass(meta, *bases):
+    """
+    Create a base class with a metaclass.
+    """
+    # This requires a bit of explanation: the basic idea is to make a dummy
+    # metaclass for one level of class instantiation that replaces itself with
+    # the actual metaclass.
+    class metaclass(meta):
+        def __new__(cls, name, this_bases, d):
+            return meta(name, bases, d)
+    return type.__new__(metaclass, 'temporary_class', (), {})
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccc2786
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/_structures.py
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+
+class Infinity(object):
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "Infinity"
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(repr(self))
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return False
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return False
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return True
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return True
+
+    def __neg__(self):
+        return NegativeInfinity
+
+Infinity = Infinity()
+
+
+class NegativeInfinity(object):
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "-Infinity"
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(repr(self))
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return True
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return True
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not isinstance(other, self.__class__)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return False
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return False
+
+    def __neg__(self):
+        return Infinity
+
+NegativeInfinity = NegativeInfinity()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/markers.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/markers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..031332a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/markers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import operator
+import os
+import platform
+import sys
+
+from setuptools.extern.pyparsing import ParseException, ParseResults, stringStart, stringEnd
+from setuptools.extern.pyparsing import ZeroOrMore, Group, Forward, QuotedString
+from setuptools.extern.pyparsing import Literal as L  # noqa
+
+from ._compat import string_types
+from .specifiers import Specifier, InvalidSpecifier
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "InvalidMarker", "UndefinedComparison", "UndefinedEnvironmentName",
+    "Marker", "default_environment",
+]
+
+
+class InvalidMarker(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid marker was found, users should refer to PEP 508.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedComparison(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid operation was attempted on a value that doesn't support it.
+    """
+
+
+class UndefinedEnvironmentName(ValueError):
+    """
+    A name was attempted to be used that does not exist inside of the
+    environment.
+    """
+
+
+class Node(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, value):
+        self.value = value
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.value)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<{0}({1!r})>".format(self.__class__.__name__, str(self))
+
+    def serialize(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Variable(Node):
+
+    def serialize(self):
+        return str(self)
+
+
+class Value(Node):
+
+    def serialize(self):
+        return '"{0}"'.format(self)
+
+
+class Op(Node):
+
+    def serialize(self):
+        return str(self)
+
+
+VARIABLE = (
+    L("implementation_version") |
+    L("platform_python_implementation") |
+    L("implementation_name") |
+    L("python_full_version") |
+    L("platform_release") |
+    L("platform_version") |
+    L("platform_machine") |
+    L("platform_system") |
+    L("python_version") |
+    L("sys_platform") |
+    L("os_name") |
+    L("os.name") |  # PEP-345
+    L("sys.platform") |  # PEP-345
+    L("platform.version") |  # PEP-345
+    L("platform.machine") |  # PEP-345
+    L("platform.python_implementation") |  # PEP-345
+    L("python_implementation") |  # undocumented setuptools legacy
+    L("extra")
+)
+ALIASES = {
+    'os.name': 'os_name',
+    'sys.platform': 'sys_platform',
+    'platform.version': 'platform_version',
+    'platform.machine': 'platform_machine',
+    'platform.python_implementation': 'platform_python_implementation',
+    'python_implementation': 'platform_python_implementation'
+}
+VARIABLE.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Variable(ALIASES.get(t[0], t[0])))
+
+VERSION_CMP = (
+    L("===") |
+    L("==") |
+    L(">=") |
+    L("<=") |
+    L("!=") |
+    L("~=") |
+    L(">") |
+    L("<")
+)
+
+MARKER_OP = VERSION_CMP | L("not in") | L("in")
+MARKER_OP.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Op(t[0]))
+
+MARKER_VALUE = QuotedString("'") | QuotedString('"')
+MARKER_VALUE.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: Value(t[0]))
+
+BOOLOP = L("and") | L("or")
+
+MARKER_VAR = VARIABLE | MARKER_VALUE
+
+MARKER_ITEM = Group(MARKER_VAR + MARKER_OP + MARKER_VAR)
+MARKER_ITEM.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: tuple(t[0]))
+
+LPAREN = L("(").suppress()
+RPAREN = L(")").suppress()
+
+MARKER_EXPR = Forward()
+MARKER_ATOM = MARKER_ITEM | Group(LPAREN + MARKER_EXPR + RPAREN)
+MARKER_EXPR << MARKER_ATOM + ZeroOrMore(BOOLOP + MARKER_EXPR)
+
+MARKER = stringStart + MARKER_EXPR + stringEnd
+
+
+def _coerce_parse_result(results):
+    if isinstance(results, ParseResults):
+        return [_coerce_parse_result(i) for i in results]
+    else:
+        return results
+
+
+def _format_marker(marker, first=True):
+    assert isinstance(marker, (list, tuple, string_types))
+
+    # Sometimes we have a structure like [[...]] which is a single item list
+    # where the single item is itself it's own list. In that case we want skip
+    # the rest of this function so that we don't get extraneous () on the
+    # outside.
+    if (isinstance(marker, list) and len(marker) == 1 and
+            isinstance(marker[0], (list, tuple))):
+        return _format_marker(marker[0])
+
+    if isinstance(marker, list):
+        inner = (_format_marker(m, first=False) for m in marker)
+        if first:
+            return " ".join(inner)
+        else:
+            return "(" + " ".join(inner) + ")"
+    elif isinstance(marker, tuple):
+        return " ".join([m.serialize() for m in marker])
+    else:
+        return marker
+
+
+_operators = {
+    "in": lambda lhs, rhs: lhs in rhs,
+    "not in": lambda lhs, rhs: lhs not in rhs,
+    "<": operator.lt,
+    "<=": operator.le,
+    "==": operator.eq,
+    "!=": operator.ne,
+    ">=": operator.ge,
+    ">": operator.gt,
+}
+
+
+def _eval_op(lhs, op, rhs):
+    try:
+        spec = Specifier("".join([op.serialize(), rhs]))
+    except InvalidSpecifier:
+        pass
+    else:
+        return spec.contains(lhs)
+
+    oper = _operators.get(op.serialize())
+    if oper is None:
+        raise UndefinedComparison(
+            "Undefined {0!r} on {1!r} and {2!r}.".format(op, lhs, rhs)
+        )
+
+    return oper(lhs, rhs)
+
+
+_undefined = object()
+
+
+def _get_env(environment, name):
+    value = environment.get(name, _undefined)
+
+    if value is _undefined:
+        raise UndefinedEnvironmentName(
+            "{0!r} does not exist in evaluation environment.".format(name)
+        )
+
+    return value
+
+
+def _evaluate_markers(markers, environment):
+    groups = [[]]
+
+    for marker in markers:
+        assert isinstance(marker, (list, tuple, string_types))
+
+        if isinstance(marker, list):
+            groups[-1].append(_evaluate_markers(marker, environment))
+        elif isinstance(marker, tuple):
+            lhs, op, rhs = marker
+
+            if isinstance(lhs, Variable):
+                lhs_value = _get_env(environment, lhs.value)
+                rhs_value = rhs.value
+            else:
+                lhs_value = lhs.value
+                rhs_value = _get_env(environment, rhs.value)
+
+            groups[-1].append(_eval_op(lhs_value, op, rhs_value))
+        else:
+            assert marker in ["and", "or"]
+            if marker == "or":
+                groups.append([])
+
+    return any(all(item) for item in groups)
+
+
+def format_full_version(info):
+    version = '{0.major}.{0.minor}.{0.micro}'.format(info)
+    kind = info.releaselevel
+    if kind != 'final':
+        version += kind[0] + str(info.serial)
+    return version
+
+
+def default_environment():
+    if hasattr(sys, 'implementation'):
+        iver = format_full_version(sys.implementation.version)
+        implementation_name = sys.implementation.name
+    else:
+        iver = '0'
+        implementation_name = ''
+
+    return {
+        "implementation_name": implementation_name,
+        "implementation_version": iver,
+        "os_name": os.name,
+        "platform_machine": platform.machine(),
+        "platform_release": platform.release(),
+        "platform_system": platform.system(),
+        "platform_version": platform.version(),
+        "python_full_version": platform.python_version(),
+        "platform_python_implementation": platform.python_implementation(),
+        "python_version": platform.python_version()[:3],
+        "sys_platform": sys.platform,
+    }
+
+
+class Marker(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, marker):
+        try:
+            self._markers = _coerce_parse_result(MARKER.parseString(marker))
+        except ParseException as e:
+            err_str = "Invalid marker: {0!r}, parse error at {1!r}".format(
+                marker, marker[e.loc:e.loc + 8])
+            raise InvalidMarker(err_str)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return _format_marker(self._markers)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<Marker({0!r})>".format(str(self))
+
+    def evaluate(self, environment=None):
+        """Evaluate a marker.
+
+        Return the boolean from evaluating the given marker against the
+        environment. environment is an optional argument to override all or
+        part of the determined environment.
+
+        The environment is determined from the current Python process.
+        """
+        current_environment = default_environment()
+        if environment is not None:
+            current_environment.update(environment)
+
+        return _evaluate_markers(self._markers, current_environment)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b49341
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/requirements.py
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import string
+import re
+
+from setuptools.extern.pyparsing import stringStart, stringEnd, originalTextFor, ParseException
+from setuptools.extern.pyparsing import ZeroOrMore, Word, Optional, Regex, Combine
+from setuptools.extern.pyparsing import Literal as L  # noqa
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves.urllib import parse as urlparse
+
+from .markers import MARKER_EXPR, Marker
+from .specifiers import LegacySpecifier, Specifier, SpecifierSet
+
+
+class InvalidRequirement(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid requirement was found, users should refer to PEP 508.
+    """
+
+
+ALPHANUM = Word(string.ascii_letters + string.digits)
+
+LBRACKET = L("[").suppress()
+RBRACKET = L("]").suppress()
+LPAREN = L("(").suppress()
+RPAREN = L(")").suppress()
+COMMA = L(",").suppress()
+SEMICOLON = L(";").suppress()
+AT = L("@").suppress()
+
+PUNCTUATION = Word("-_.")
+IDENTIFIER_END = ALPHANUM | (ZeroOrMore(PUNCTUATION) + ALPHANUM)
+IDENTIFIER = Combine(ALPHANUM + ZeroOrMore(IDENTIFIER_END))
+
+NAME = IDENTIFIER("name")
+EXTRA = IDENTIFIER
+
+URI = Regex(r'[^ ]+')("url")
+URL = (AT + URI)
+
+EXTRAS_LIST = EXTRA + ZeroOrMore(COMMA + EXTRA)
+EXTRAS = (LBRACKET + Optional(EXTRAS_LIST) + RBRACKET)("extras")
+
+VERSION_PEP440 = Regex(Specifier._regex_str, re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+VERSION_LEGACY = Regex(LegacySpecifier._regex_str, re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+VERSION_ONE = VERSION_PEP440 ^ VERSION_LEGACY
+VERSION_MANY = Combine(VERSION_ONE + ZeroOrMore(COMMA + VERSION_ONE),
+                       joinString=",", adjacent=False)("_raw_spec")
+_VERSION_SPEC = Optional(((LPAREN + VERSION_MANY + RPAREN) | VERSION_MANY))
+_VERSION_SPEC.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: t._raw_spec or '')
+
+VERSION_SPEC = originalTextFor(_VERSION_SPEC)("specifier")
+VERSION_SPEC.setParseAction(lambda s, l, t: t[1])
+
+MARKER_EXPR = originalTextFor(MARKER_EXPR())("marker")
+MARKER_EXPR.setParseAction(
+    lambda s, l, t: Marker(s[t._original_start:t._original_end])
+)
+MARKER_SEPERATOR = SEMICOLON
+MARKER = MARKER_SEPERATOR + MARKER_EXPR
+
+VERSION_AND_MARKER = VERSION_SPEC + Optional(MARKER)
+URL_AND_MARKER = URL + Optional(MARKER)
+
+NAMED_REQUIREMENT = \
+    NAME + Optional(EXTRAS) + (URL_AND_MARKER | VERSION_AND_MARKER)
+
+REQUIREMENT = stringStart + NAMED_REQUIREMENT + stringEnd
+
+
+class Requirement(object):
+    """Parse a requirement.
+
+    Parse a given requirement string into its parts, such as name, specifier,
+    URL, and extras. Raises InvalidRequirement on a badly-formed requirement
+    string.
+    """
+
+    # TODO: Can we test whether something is contained within a requirement?
+    #       If so how do we do that? Do we need to test against the _name_ of
+    #       the thing as well as the version? What about the markers?
+    # TODO: Can we normalize the name and extra name?
+
+    def __init__(self, requirement_string):
+        try:
+            req = REQUIREMENT.parseString(requirement_string)
+        except ParseException as e:
+            raise InvalidRequirement(
+                "Invalid requirement, parse error at \"{0!r}\"".format(
+                    requirement_string[e.loc:e.loc + 8]))
+
+        self.name = req.name
+        if req.url:
+            parsed_url = urlparse.urlparse(req.url)
+            if not (parsed_url.scheme and parsed_url.netloc) or (
+                    not parsed_url.scheme and not parsed_url.netloc):
+                raise InvalidRequirement("Invalid URL given")
+            self.url = req.url
+        else:
+            self.url = None
+        self.extras = set(req.extras.asList() if req.extras else [])
+        self.specifier = SpecifierSet(req.specifier)
+        self.marker = req.marker if req.marker else None
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        parts = [self.name]
+
+        if self.extras:
+            parts.append("[{0}]".format(",".join(sorted(self.extras))))
+
+        if self.specifier:
+            parts.append(str(self.specifier))
+
+        if self.url:
+            parts.append("@ {0}".format(self.url))
+
+        if self.marker:
+            parts.append("; {0}".format(self.marker))
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<Requirement({0!r})>".format(str(self))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f5a76c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/specifiers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,774 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import abc
+import functools
+import itertools
+import re
+
+from ._compat import string_types, with_metaclass
+from .version import Version, LegacyVersion, parse
+
+
+class InvalidSpecifier(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid specifier was found, users should refer to PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+class BaseSpecifier(with_metaclass(abc.ABCMeta, object)):
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __str__(self):
+        """
+        Returns the str representation of this Specifier like object. This
+        should be representative of the Specifier itself.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __hash__(self):
+        """
+        Returns a hash value for this Specifier like object.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """
+        Returns a boolean representing whether or not the two Specifier like
+        objects are equal.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        """
+        Returns a boolean representing whether or not the two Specifier like
+        objects are not equal.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractproperty
+    def prereleases(self):
+        """
+        Returns whether or not pre-releases as a whole are allowed by this
+        specifier.
+        """
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value):
+        """
+        Sets whether or not pre-releases as a whole are allowed by this
+        specifier.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def contains(self, item, prereleases=None):
+        """
+        Determines if the given item is contained within this specifier.
+        """
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def filter(self, iterable, prereleases=None):
+        """
+        Takes an iterable of items and filters them so that only items which
+        are contained within this specifier are allowed in it.
+        """
+
+
+class _IndividualSpecifier(BaseSpecifier):
+
+    _operators = {}
+
+    def __init__(self, spec="", prereleases=None):
+        match = self._regex.search(spec)
+        if not match:
+            raise InvalidSpecifier("Invalid specifier: '{0}'".format(spec))
+
+        self._spec = (
+            match.group("operator").strip(),
+            match.group("version").strip(),
+        )
+
+        # Store whether or not this Specifier should accept prereleases
+        self._prereleases = prereleases
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        pre = (
+            ", prereleases={0!r}".format(self.prereleases)
+            if self._prereleases is not None
+            else ""
+        )
+
+        return "<{0}({1!r}{2})>".format(
+            self.__class__.__name__,
+            str(self),
+            pre,
+        )
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "{0}{1}".format(*self._spec)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._spec)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, string_types):
+            try:
+                other = self.__class__(other)
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                return NotImplemented
+        elif not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._spec == other._spec
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, string_types):
+            try:
+                other = self.__class__(other)
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                return NotImplemented
+        elif not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._spec != other._spec
+
+    def _get_operator(self, op):
+        return getattr(self, "_compare_{0}".format(self._operators[op]))
+
+    def _coerce_version(self, version):
+        if not isinstance(version, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+            version = parse(version)
+        return version
+
+    @property
+    def operator(self):
+        return self._spec[0]
+
+    @property
+    def version(self):
+        return self._spec[1]
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self):
+        return self._prereleases
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value):
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item):
+        return self.contains(item)
+
+    def contains(self, item, prereleases=None):
+        # Determine if prereleases are to be allowed or not.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # Normalize item to a Version or LegacyVersion, this allows us to have
+        # a shortcut for ``"2.0" in Specifier(">=2")
+        item = self._coerce_version(item)
+
+        # Determine if we should be supporting prereleases in this specifier
+        # or not, if we do not support prereleases than we can short circuit
+        # logic if this version is a prereleases.
+        if item.is_prerelease and not prereleases:
+            return False
+
+        # Actually do the comparison to determine if this item is contained
+        # within this Specifier or not.
+        return self._get_operator(self.operator)(item, self.version)
+
+    def filter(self, iterable, prereleases=None):
+        yielded = False
+        found_prereleases = []
+
+        kw = {"prereleases": prereleases if prereleases is not None else True}
+
+        # Attempt to iterate over all the values in the iterable and if any of
+        # them match, yield them.
+        for version in iterable:
+            parsed_version = self._coerce_version(version)
+
+            if self.contains(parsed_version, **kw):
+                # If our version is a prerelease, and we were not set to allow
+                # prereleases, then we'll store it for later incase nothing
+                # else matches this specifier.
+                if (parsed_version.is_prerelease and not
+                        (prereleases or self.prereleases)):
+                    found_prereleases.append(version)
+                # Either this is not a prerelease, or we should have been
+                # accepting prereleases from the begining.
+                else:
+                    yielded = True
+                    yield version
+
+        # Now that we've iterated over everything, determine if we've yielded
+        # any values, and if we have not and we have any prereleases stored up
+        # then we will go ahead and yield the prereleases.
+        if not yielded and found_prereleases:
+            for version in found_prereleases:
+                yield version
+
+
+class LegacySpecifier(_IndividualSpecifier):
+
+    _regex_str = (
+        r"""
+        (?P<operator>(==|!=|<=|>=|<|>))
+        \s*
+        (?P<version>
+            [^,;\s)]* # Since this is a "legacy" specifier, and the version
+                      # string can be just about anything, we match everything
+                      # except for whitespace, a semi-colon for marker support,
+                      # a closing paren since versions can be enclosed in
+                      # them, and a comma since it's a version separator.
+        )
+        """
+    )
+
+    _regex = re.compile(
+        r"^\s*" + _regex_str + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    _operators = {
+        "==": "equal",
+        "!=": "not_equal",
+        "<=": "less_than_equal",
+        ">=": "greater_than_equal",
+        "<": "less_than",
+        ">": "greater_than",
+    }
+
+    def _coerce_version(self, version):
+        if not isinstance(version, LegacyVersion):
+            version = LegacyVersion(str(version))
+        return version
+
+    def _compare_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective == self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_not_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective != self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_less_than_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective <= self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_greater_than_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective >= self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_less_than(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective < self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+    def _compare_greater_than(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective > self._coerce_version(spec)
+
+
+def _require_version_compare(fn):
+    @functools.wraps(fn)
+    def wrapped(self, prospective, spec):
+        if not isinstance(prospective, Version):
+            return False
+        return fn(self, prospective, spec)
+    return wrapped
+
+
+class Specifier(_IndividualSpecifier):
+
+    _regex_str = (
+        r"""
+        (?P<operator>(~=|==|!=|<=|>=|<|>|===))
+        (?P<version>
+            (?:
+                # The identity operators allow for an escape hatch that will
+                # do an exact string match of the version you wish to install.
+                # This will not be parsed by PEP 440 and we cannot determine
+                # any semantic meaning from it. This operator is discouraged
+                # but included entirely as an escape hatch.
+                (?<====)  # Only match for the identity operator
+                \s*
+                [^\s]*    # We just match everything, except for whitespace
+                          # since we are only testing for strict identity.
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # The (non)equality operators allow for wild card and local
+                # versions to be specified so we have to define these two
+                # operators separately to enable that.
+                (?<===|!=)            # Only match for equals and not equals
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*   # release
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+
+                # You cannot use a wild card and a dev or local version
+                # together so group them with a | and make them optional.
+                (?:
+                    (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?         # dev release
+                    (?:\+[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*)? # local
+                    |
+                    \.\*  # Wild card syntax of .*
+                )?
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # The compatible operator requires at least two digits in the
+                # release segment.
+                (?<=~=)               # Only match for the compatible operator
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)+   # release  (We have a + instead of a *)
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+                (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?          # dev release
+            )
+            |
+            (?:
+                # All other operators only allow a sub set of what the
+                # (non)equality operators do. Specifically they do not allow
+                # local versions to be specified nor do they allow the prefix
+                # matching wild cards.
+                (?<!==|!=|~=)         # We have special cases for these
+                                      # operators so we want to make sure they
+                                      # don't match here.
+
+                \s*
+                v?
+                (?:[0-9]+!)?          # epoch
+                [0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*   # release
+                (?:                   # pre release
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    (a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview)
+                    [-_\.]?
+                    [0-9]*
+                )?
+                (?:                                   # post release
+                    (?:-[0-9]+)|(?:[-_\.]?(post|rev|r)[-_\.]?[0-9]*)
+                )?
+                (?:[-_\.]?dev[-_\.]?[0-9]*)?          # dev release
+            )
+        )
+        """
+    )
+
+    _regex = re.compile(
+        r"^\s*" + _regex_str + r"\s*$", re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE)
+
+    _operators = {
+        "~=": "compatible",
+        "==": "equal",
+        "!=": "not_equal",
+        "<=": "less_than_equal",
+        ">=": "greater_than_equal",
+        "<": "less_than",
+        ">": "greater_than",
+        "===": "arbitrary",
+    }
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_compatible(self, prospective, spec):
+        # Compatible releases have an equivalent combination of >= and ==. That
+        # is that ~=2.2 is equivalent to >=2.2,==2.*. This allows us to
+        # implement this in terms of the other specifiers instead of
+        # implementing it ourselves. The only thing we need to do is construct
+        # the other specifiers.
+
+        # We want everything but the last item in the version, but we want to
+        # ignore post and dev releases and we want to treat the pre-release as
+        # it's own separate segment.
+        prefix = ".".join(
+            list(
+                itertools.takewhile(
+                    lambda x: (not x.startswith("post") and not
+                               x.startswith("dev")),
+                    _version_split(spec),
+                )
+            )[:-1]
+        )
+
+        # Add the prefix notation to the end of our string
+        prefix += ".*"
+
+        return (self._get_operator(">=")(prospective, spec) and
+                self._get_operator("==")(prospective, prefix))
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        # We need special logic to handle prefix matching
+        if spec.endswith(".*"):
+            # In the case of prefix matching we want to ignore local segment.
+            prospective = Version(prospective.public)
+            # Split the spec out by dots, and pretend that there is an implicit
+            # dot in between a release segment and a pre-release segment.
+            spec = _version_split(spec[:-2])  # Remove the trailing .*
+
+            # Split the prospective version out by dots, and pretend that there
+            # is an implicit dot in between a release segment and a pre-release
+            # segment.
+            prospective = _version_split(str(prospective))
+
+            # Shorten the prospective version to be the same length as the spec
+            # so that we can determine if the specifier is a prefix of the
+            # prospective version or not.
+            prospective = prospective[:len(spec)]
+
+            # Pad out our two sides with zeros so that they both equal the same
+            # length.
+            spec, prospective = _pad_version(spec, prospective)
+        else:
+            # Convert our spec string into a Version
+            spec = Version(spec)
+
+            # If the specifier does not have a local segment, then we want to
+            # act as if the prospective version also does not have a local
+            # segment.
+            if not spec.local:
+                prospective = Version(prospective.public)
+
+        return prospective == spec
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_not_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return not self._compare_equal(prospective, spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_less_than_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective <= Version(spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_greater_than_equal(self, prospective, spec):
+        return prospective >= Version(spec)
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_less_than(self, prospective, spec):
+        # Convert our spec to a Version instance, since we'll want to work with
+        # it as a version.
+        spec = Version(spec)
+
+        # Check to see if the prospective version is less than the spec
+        # version. If it's not we can short circuit and just return False now
+        # instead of doing extra unneeded work.
+        if not prospective < spec:
+            return False
+
+        # This special case is here so that, unless the specifier itself
+        # includes is a pre-release version, that we do not accept pre-release
+        # versions for the version mentioned in the specifier (e.g. <3.1 should
+        # not match 3.1.dev0, but should match 3.0.dev0).
+        if not spec.is_prerelease and prospective.is_prerelease:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # If we've gotten to here, it means that prospective version is both
+        # less than the spec version *and* it's not a pre-release of the same
+        # version in the spec.
+        return True
+
+    @_require_version_compare
+    def _compare_greater_than(self, prospective, spec):
+        # Convert our spec to a Version instance, since we'll want to work with
+        # it as a version.
+        spec = Version(spec)
+
+        # Check to see if the prospective version is greater than the spec
+        # version. If it's not we can short circuit and just return False now
+        # instead of doing extra unneeded work.
+        if not prospective > spec:
+            return False
+
+        # This special case is here so that, unless the specifier itself
+        # includes is a post-release version, that we do not accept
+        # post-release versions for the version mentioned in the specifier
+        # (e.g. >3.1 should not match 3.0.post0, but should match 3.2.post0).
+        if not spec.is_postrelease and prospective.is_postrelease:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # Ensure that we do not allow a local version of the version mentioned
+        # in the specifier, which is techincally greater than, to match.
+        if prospective.local is not None:
+            if Version(prospective.base_version) == Version(spec.base_version):
+                return False
+
+        # If we've gotten to here, it means that prospective version is both
+        # greater than the spec version *and* it's not a pre-release of the
+        # same version in the spec.
+        return True
+
+    def _compare_arbitrary(self, prospective, spec):
+        return str(prospective).lower() == str(spec).lower()
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self):
+        # If there is an explicit prereleases set for this, then we'll just
+        # blindly use that.
+        if self._prereleases is not None:
+            return self._prereleases
+
+        # Look at all of our specifiers and determine if they are inclusive
+        # operators, and if they are if they are including an explicit
+        # prerelease.
+        operator, version = self._spec
+        if operator in ["==", ">=", "<=", "~=", "==="]:
+            # The == specifier can include a trailing .*, if it does we
+            # want to remove before parsing.
+            if operator == "==" and version.endswith(".*"):
+                version = version[:-2]
+
+            # Parse the version, and if it is a pre-release than this
+            # specifier allows pre-releases.
+            if parse(version).is_prerelease:
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value):
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+
+_prefix_regex = re.compile(r"^([0-9]+)((?:a|b|c|rc)[0-9]+)$")
+
+
+def _version_split(version):
+    result = []
+    for item in version.split("."):
+        match = _prefix_regex.search(item)
+        if match:
+            result.extend(match.groups())
+        else:
+            result.append(item)
+    return result
+
+
+def _pad_version(left, right):
+    left_split, right_split = [], []
+
+    # Get the release segment of our versions
+    left_split.append(list(itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x.isdigit(), left)))
+    right_split.append(list(itertools.takewhile(lambda x: x.isdigit(), right)))
+
+    # Get the rest of our versions
+    left_split.append(left[len(left_split[0]):])
+    right_split.append(right[len(right_split[0]):])
+
+    # Insert our padding
+    left_split.insert(
+        1,
+        ["0"] * max(0, len(right_split[0]) - len(left_split[0])),
+    )
+    right_split.insert(
+        1,
+        ["0"] * max(0, len(left_split[0]) - len(right_split[0])),
+    )
+
+    return (
+        list(itertools.chain(*left_split)),
+        list(itertools.chain(*right_split)),
+    )
+
+
+class SpecifierSet(BaseSpecifier):
+
+    def __init__(self, specifiers="", prereleases=None):
+        # Split on , to break each indidivual specifier into it's own item, and
+        # strip each item to remove leading/trailing whitespace.
+        specifiers = [s.strip() for s in specifiers.split(",") if s.strip()]
+
+        # Parsed each individual specifier, attempting first to make it a
+        # Specifier and falling back to a LegacySpecifier.
+        parsed = set()
+        for specifier in specifiers:
+            try:
+                parsed.add(Specifier(specifier))
+            except InvalidSpecifier:
+                parsed.add(LegacySpecifier(specifier))
+
+        # Turn our parsed specifiers into a frozen set and save them for later.
+        self._specs = frozenset(parsed)
+
+        # Store our prereleases value so we can use it later to determine if
+        # we accept prereleases or not.
+        self._prereleases = prereleases
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        pre = (
+            ", prereleases={0!r}".format(self.prereleases)
+            if self._prereleases is not None
+            else ""
+        )
+
+        return "<SpecifierSet({0!r}{1})>".format(str(self), pre)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ",".join(sorted(str(s) for s in self._specs))
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._specs)
+
+    def __and__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, string_types):
+            other = SpecifierSet(other)
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        specifier = SpecifierSet()
+        specifier._specs = frozenset(self._specs | other._specs)
+
+        if self._prereleases is None and other._prereleases is not None:
+            specifier._prereleases = other._prereleases
+        elif self._prereleases is not None and other._prereleases is None:
+            specifier._prereleases = self._prereleases
+        elif self._prereleases == other._prereleases:
+            specifier._prereleases = self._prereleases
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Cannot combine SpecifierSets with True and False prerelease "
+                "overrides."
+            )
+
+        return specifier
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, string_types):
+            other = SpecifierSet(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, _IndividualSpecifier):
+            other = SpecifierSet(str(other))
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._specs == other._specs
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other, string_types):
+            other = SpecifierSet(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, _IndividualSpecifier):
+            other = SpecifierSet(str(other))
+        elif not isinstance(other, SpecifierSet):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return self._specs != other._specs
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._specs)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._specs)
+
+    @property
+    def prereleases(self):
+        # If we have been given an explicit prerelease modifier, then we'll
+        # pass that through here.
+        if self._prereleases is not None:
+            return self._prereleases
+
+        # If we don't have any specifiers, and we don't have a forced value,
+        # then we'll just return None since we don't know if this should have
+        # pre-releases or not.
+        if not self._specs:
+            return None
+
+        # Otherwise we'll see if any of the given specifiers accept
+        # prereleases, if any of them do we'll return True, otherwise False.
+        return any(s.prereleases for s in self._specs)
+
+    @prereleases.setter
+    def prereleases(self, value):
+        self._prereleases = value
+
+    def __contains__(self, item):
+        return self.contains(item)
+
+    def contains(self, item, prereleases=None):
+        # Ensure that our item is a Version or LegacyVersion instance.
+        if not isinstance(item, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+            item = parse(item)
+
+        # Determine if we're forcing a prerelease or not, if we're not forcing
+        # one for this particular filter call, then we'll use whatever the
+        # SpecifierSet thinks for whether or not we should support prereleases.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # We can determine if we're going to allow pre-releases by looking to
+        # see if any of the underlying items supports them. If none of them do
+        # and this item is a pre-release then we do not allow it and we can
+        # short circuit that here.
+        # Note: This means that 1.0.dev1 would not be contained in something
+        #       like >=1.0.devabc however it would be in >=1.0.debabc,>0.0.dev0
+        if not prereleases and item.is_prerelease:
+            return False
+
+        # We simply dispatch to the underlying specs here to make sure that the
+        # given version is contained within all of them.
+        # Note: This use of all() here means that an empty set of specifiers
+        #       will always return True, this is an explicit design decision.
+        return all(
+            s.contains(item, prereleases=prereleases)
+            for s in self._specs
+        )
+
+    def filter(self, iterable, prereleases=None):
+        # Determine if we're forcing a prerelease or not, if we're not forcing
+        # one for this particular filter call, then we'll use whatever the
+        # SpecifierSet thinks for whether or not we should support prereleases.
+        if prereleases is None:
+            prereleases = self.prereleases
+
+        # If we have any specifiers, then we want to wrap our iterable in the
+        # filter method for each one, this will act as a logical AND amongst
+        # each specifier.
+        if self._specs:
+            for spec in self._specs:
+                iterable = spec.filter(iterable, prereleases=bool(prereleases))
+            return iterable
+        # If we do not have any specifiers, then we need to have a rough filter
+        # which will filter out any pre-releases, unless there are no final
+        # releases, and which will filter out LegacyVersion in general.
+        else:
+            filtered = []
+            found_prereleases = []
+
+            for item in iterable:
+                # Ensure that we some kind of Version class for this item.
+                if not isinstance(item, (LegacyVersion, Version)):
+                    parsed_version = parse(item)
+                else:
+                    parsed_version = item
+
+                # Filter out any item which is parsed as a LegacyVersion
+                if isinstance(parsed_version, LegacyVersion):
+                    continue
+
+                # Store any item which is a pre-release for later unless we've
+                # already found a final version or we are accepting prereleases
+                if parsed_version.is_prerelease and not prereleases:
+                    if not filtered:
+                        found_prereleases.append(item)
+                else:
+                    filtered.append(item)
+
+            # If we've found no items except for pre-releases, then we'll go
+            # ahead and use the pre-releases
+            if not filtered and found_prereleases and prereleases is None:
+                return found_prereleases
+
+            return filtered
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/utils.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..942387c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import re
+
+
+_canonicalize_regex = re.compile(r"[-_.]+")
+
+
+def canonicalize_name(name):
+    # This is taken from PEP 503.
+    return _canonicalize_regex.sub("-", name).lower()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/version.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83b5ee8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/packaging/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+# This file is dual licensed under the terms of the Apache License, Version
+# 2.0, and the BSD License. See the LICENSE file in the root of this repository
+# for complete details.
+from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
+
+import collections
+import itertools
+import re
+
+from ._structures import Infinity
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "parse", "Version", "LegacyVersion", "InvalidVersion", "VERSION_PATTERN"
+]
+
+
+_Version = collections.namedtuple(
+    "_Version",
+    ["epoch", "release", "dev", "pre", "post", "local"],
+)
+
+
+def parse(version):
+    """
+    Parse the given version string and return either a :class:`Version` object
+    or a :class:`LegacyVersion` object depending on if the given version is
+    a valid PEP 440 version or a legacy version.
+    """
+    try:
+        return Version(version)
+    except InvalidVersion:
+        return LegacyVersion(version)
+
+
+class InvalidVersion(ValueError):
+    """
+    An invalid version was found, users should refer to PEP 440.
+    """
+
+
+class _BaseVersion(object):
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self._key)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s < o)
+
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s <= o)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s == o)
+
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s >= o)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s > o)
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return self._compare(other, lambda s, o: s != o)
+
+    def _compare(self, other, method):
+        if not isinstance(other, _BaseVersion):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        return method(self._key, other._key)
+
+
+class LegacyVersion(_BaseVersion):
+
+    def __init__(self, version):
+        self._version = str(version)
+        self._key = _legacy_cmpkey(self._version)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self._version
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<LegacyVersion({0})>".format(repr(str(self)))
+
+    @property
+    def public(self):
+        return self._version
+
+    @property
+    def base_version(self):
+        return self._version
+
+    @property
+    def local(self):
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self):
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def is_postrelease(self):
+        return False
+
+
+_legacy_version_component_re = re.compile(
+    r"(\d+ | [a-z]+ | \.| -)", re.VERBOSE,
+)
+
+_legacy_version_replacement_map = {
+    "pre": "c", "preview": "c", "-": "final-", "rc": "c", "dev": "@",
+}
+
+
+def _parse_version_parts(s):
+    for part in _legacy_version_component_re.split(s):
+        part = _legacy_version_replacement_map.get(part, part)
+
+        if not part or part == ".":
+            continue
+
+        if part[:1] in "0123456789":
+            # pad for numeric comparison
+            yield part.zfill(8)
+        else:
+            yield "*" + part
+
+    # ensure that alpha/beta/candidate are before final
+    yield "*final"
+
+
+def _legacy_cmpkey(version):
+    # We hardcode an epoch of -1 here. A PEP 440 version can only have a epoch
+    # greater than or equal to 0. This will effectively put the LegacyVersion,
+    # which uses the defacto standard originally implemented by setuptools,
+    # as before all PEP 440 versions.
+    epoch = -1
+
+    # This scheme is taken from pkg_resources.parse_version setuptools prior to
+    # it's adoption of the packaging library.
+    parts = []
+    for part in _parse_version_parts(version.lower()):
+        if part.startswith("*"):
+            # remove "-" before a prerelease tag
+            if part < "*final":
+                while parts and parts[-1] == "*final-":
+                    parts.pop()
+
+            # remove trailing zeros from each series of numeric parts
+            while parts and parts[-1] == "00000000":
+                parts.pop()
+
+        parts.append(part)
+    parts = tuple(parts)
+
+    return epoch, parts
+
+# Deliberately not anchored to the start and end of the string, to make it
+# easier for 3rd party code to reuse
+VERSION_PATTERN = r"""
+    v?
+    (?:
+        (?:(?P<epoch>[0-9]+)!)?                           # epoch
+        (?P<release>[0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+)*)                  # release segment
+        (?P<pre>                                          # pre-release
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<pre_l>(a|b|c|rc|alpha|beta|pre|preview))
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<pre_n>[0-9]+)?
+        )?
+        (?P<post>                                         # post release
+            (?:-(?P<post_n1>[0-9]+))
+            |
+            (?:
+                [-_\.]?
+                (?P<post_l>post|rev|r)
+                [-_\.]?
+                (?P<post_n2>[0-9]+)?
+            )
+        )?
+        (?P<dev>                                          # dev release
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<dev_l>dev)
+            [-_\.]?
+            (?P<dev_n>[0-9]+)?
+        )?
+    )
+    (?:\+(?P<local>[a-z0-9]+(?:[-_\.][a-z0-9]+)*))?       # local version
+"""
+
+
+class Version(_BaseVersion):
+
+    _regex = re.compile(
+        r"^\s*" + VERSION_PATTERN + r"\s*$",
+        re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE,
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, version):
+        # Validate the version and parse it into pieces
+        match = self._regex.search(version)
+        if not match:
+            raise InvalidVersion("Invalid version: '{0}'".format(version))
+
+        # Store the parsed out pieces of the version
+        self._version = _Version(
+            epoch=int(match.group("epoch")) if match.group("epoch") else 0,
+            release=tuple(int(i) for i in match.group("release").split(".")),
+            pre=_parse_letter_version(
+                match.group("pre_l"),
+                match.group("pre_n"),
+            ),
+            post=_parse_letter_version(
+                match.group("post_l"),
+                match.group("post_n1") or match.group("post_n2"),
+            ),
+            dev=_parse_letter_version(
+                match.group("dev_l"),
+                match.group("dev_n"),
+            ),
+            local=_parse_local_version(match.group("local")),
+        )
+
+        # Generate a key which will be used for sorting
+        self._key = _cmpkey(
+            self._version.epoch,
+            self._version.release,
+            self._version.pre,
+            self._version.post,
+            self._version.dev,
+            self._version.local,
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<Version({0})>".format(repr(str(self)))
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        parts = []
+
+        # Epoch
+        if self._version.epoch != 0:
+            parts.append("{0}!".format(self._version.epoch))
+
+        # Release segment
+        parts.append(".".join(str(x) for x in self._version.release))
+
+        # Pre-release
+        if self._version.pre is not None:
+            parts.append("".join(str(x) for x in self._version.pre))
+
+        # Post-release
+        if self._version.post is not None:
+            parts.append(".post{0}".format(self._version.post[1]))
+
+        # Development release
+        if self._version.dev is not None:
+            parts.append(".dev{0}".format(self._version.dev[1]))
+
+        # Local version segment
+        if self._version.local is not None:
+            parts.append(
+                "+{0}".format(".".join(str(x) for x in self._version.local))
+            )
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    @property
+    def public(self):
+        return str(self).split("+", 1)[0]
+
+    @property
+    def base_version(self):
+        parts = []
+
+        # Epoch
+        if self._version.epoch != 0:
+            parts.append("{0}!".format(self._version.epoch))
+
+        # Release segment
+        parts.append(".".join(str(x) for x in self._version.release))
+
+        return "".join(parts)
+
+    @property
+    def local(self):
+        version_string = str(self)
+        if "+" in version_string:
+            return version_string.split("+", 1)[1]
+
+    @property
+    def is_prerelease(self):
+        return bool(self._version.dev or self._version.pre)
+
+    @property
+    def is_postrelease(self):
+        return bool(self._version.post)
+
+
+def _parse_letter_version(letter, number):
+    if letter:
+        # We consider there to be an implicit 0 in a pre-release if there is
+        # not a numeral associated with it.
+        if number is None:
+            number = 0
+
+        # We normalize any letters to their lower case form
+        letter = letter.lower()
+
+        # We consider some words to be alternate spellings of other words and
+        # in those cases we want to normalize the spellings to our preferred
+        # spelling.
+        if letter == "alpha":
+            letter = "a"
+        elif letter == "beta":
+            letter = "b"
+        elif letter in ["c", "pre", "preview"]:
+            letter = "rc"
+        elif letter in ["rev", "r"]:
+            letter = "post"
+
+        return letter, int(number)
+    if not letter and number:
+        # We assume if we are given a number, but we are not given a letter
+        # then this is using the implicit post release syntax (e.g. 1.0-1)
+        letter = "post"
+
+        return letter, int(number)
+
+
+_local_version_seperators = re.compile(r"[\._-]")
+
+
+def _parse_local_version(local):
+    """
+    Takes a string like abc.1.twelve and turns it into ("abc", 1, "twelve").
+    """
+    if local is not None:
+        return tuple(
+            part.lower() if not part.isdigit() else int(part)
+            for part in _local_version_seperators.split(local)
+        )
+
+
+def _cmpkey(epoch, release, pre, post, dev, local):
+    # When we compare a release version, we want to compare it with all of the
+    # trailing zeros removed. So we'll use a reverse the list, drop all the now
+    # leading zeros until we come to something non zero, then take the rest
+    # re-reverse it back into the correct order and make it a tuple and use
+    # that for our sorting key.
+    release = tuple(
+        reversed(list(
+            itertools.dropwhile(
+                lambda x: x == 0,
+                reversed(release),
+            )
+        ))
+    )
+
+    # We need to "trick" the sorting algorithm to put 1.0.dev0 before 1.0a0.
+    # We'll do this by abusing the pre segment, but we _only_ want to do this
+    # if there is not a pre or a post segment. If we have one of those then
+    # the normal sorting rules will handle this case correctly.
+    if pre is None and post is None and dev is not None:
+        pre = -Infinity
+    # Versions without a pre-release (except as noted above) should sort after
+    # those with one.
+    elif pre is None:
+        pre = Infinity
+
+    # Versions without a post segment should sort before those with one.
+    if post is None:
+        post = -Infinity
+
+    # Versions without a development segment should sort after those with one.
+    if dev is None:
+        dev = Infinity
+
+    if local is None:
+        # Versions without a local segment should sort before those with one.
+        local = -Infinity
+    else:
+        # Versions with a local segment need that segment parsed to implement
+        # the sorting rules in PEP440.
+        # - Alpha numeric segments sort before numeric segments
+        # - Alpha numeric segments sort lexicographically
+        # - Numeric segments sort numerically
+        # - Shorter versions sort before longer versions when the prefixes
+        #   match exactly
+        local = tuple(
+            (i, "") if isinstance(i, int) else (-Infinity, i)
+            for i in local
+        )
+
+    return epoch, release, pre, post, dev, local
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/pyparsing.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/pyparsing.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cf75e1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/pyparsing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5742 @@
+# module pyparsing.py
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2003-2018  Paul T. McGuire
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+# the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+# CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+# TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+# SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+#
+
+__doc__ = \
+"""
+pyparsing module - Classes and methods to define and execute parsing grammars
+=============================================================================
+
+The pyparsing module is an alternative approach to creating and executing simple grammars,
+vs. the traditional lex/yacc approach, or the use of regular expressions.  With pyparsing, you
+don't need to learn a new syntax for defining grammars or matching expressions - the parsing module
+provides a library of classes that you use to construct the grammar directly in Python.
+
+Here is a program to parse "Hello, World!" (or any greeting of the form 
+C{"<salutation>, <addressee>!"}), built up using L{Word}, L{Literal}, and L{And} elements 
+(L{'+'<ParserElement.__add__>} operator gives L{And} expressions, strings are auto-converted to
+L{Literal} expressions)::
+
+    from pyparsing import Word, alphas
+
+    # define grammar of a greeting
+    greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
+
+    hello = "Hello, World!"
+    print (hello, "->", greet.parseString(hello))
+
+The program outputs the following::
+
+    Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
+
+The Python representation of the grammar is quite readable, owing to the self-explanatory
+class names, and the use of '+', '|' and '^' operators.
+
+The L{ParseResults} object returned from L{ParserElement.parseString<ParserElement.parseString>} can be accessed as a nested list, a dictionary, or an
+object with named attributes.
+
+The pyparsing module handles some of the problems that are typically vexing when writing text parsers:
+ - extra or missing whitespace (the above program will also handle "Hello,World!", "Hello  ,  World  !", etc.)
+ - quoted strings
+ - embedded comments
+
+
+Getting Started -
+-----------------
+Visit the classes L{ParserElement} and L{ParseResults} to see the base classes that most other pyparsing
+classes inherit from. Use the docstrings for examples of how to:
+ - construct literal match expressions from L{Literal} and L{CaselessLiteral} classes
+ - construct character word-group expressions using the L{Word} class
+ - see how to create repetitive expressions using L{ZeroOrMore} and L{OneOrMore} classes
+ - use L{'+'<And>}, L{'|'<MatchFirst>}, L{'^'<Or>}, and L{'&'<Each>} operators to combine simple expressions into more complex ones
+ - associate names with your parsed results using L{ParserElement.setResultsName}
+ - find some helpful expression short-cuts like L{delimitedList} and L{oneOf}
+ - find more useful common expressions in the L{pyparsing_common} namespace class
+"""
+
+__version__ = "2.2.1"
+__versionTime__ = "18 Sep 2018 00:49 UTC"
+__author__ = "Paul McGuire <ptmcg@users.sourceforge.net>"
+
+import string
+from weakref import ref as wkref
+import copy
+import sys
+import warnings
+import re
+import sre_constants
+import collections
+import pprint
+import traceback
+import types
+from datetime import datetime
+
+try:
+    from _thread import RLock
+except ImportError:
+    from threading import RLock
+
+try:
+    # Python 3
+    from collections.abc import Iterable
+    from collections.abc import MutableMapping
+except ImportError:
+    # Python 2.7
+    from collections import Iterable
+    from collections import MutableMapping
+
+try:
+    from collections import OrderedDict as _OrderedDict
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from ordereddict import OrderedDict as _OrderedDict
+    except ImportError:
+        _OrderedDict = None
+
+#~ sys.stderr.write( "testing pyparsing module, version %s, %s\n" % (__version__,__versionTime__ ) )
+
+__all__ = [
+'And', 'CaselessKeyword', 'CaselessLiteral', 'CharsNotIn', 'Combine', 'Dict', 'Each', 'Empty',
+'FollowedBy', 'Forward', 'GoToColumn', 'Group', 'Keyword', 'LineEnd', 'LineStart', 'Literal',
+'MatchFirst', 'NoMatch', 'NotAny', 'OneOrMore', 'OnlyOnce', 'Optional', 'Or',
+'ParseBaseException', 'ParseElementEnhance', 'ParseException', 'ParseExpression', 'ParseFatalException',
+'ParseResults', 'ParseSyntaxException', 'ParserElement', 'QuotedString', 'RecursiveGrammarException',
+'Regex', 'SkipTo', 'StringEnd', 'StringStart', 'Suppress', 'Token', 'TokenConverter', 
+'White', 'Word', 'WordEnd', 'WordStart', 'ZeroOrMore',
+'alphanums', 'alphas', 'alphas8bit', 'anyCloseTag', 'anyOpenTag', 'cStyleComment', 'col',
+'commaSeparatedList', 'commonHTMLEntity', 'countedArray', 'cppStyleComment', 'dblQuotedString',
+'dblSlashComment', 'delimitedList', 'dictOf', 'downcaseTokens', 'empty', 'hexnums',
+'htmlComment', 'javaStyleComment', 'line', 'lineEnd', 'lineStart', 'lineno',
+'makeHTMLTags', 'makeXMLTags', 'matchOnlyAtCol', 'matchPreviousExpr', 'matchPreviousLiteral',
+'nestedExpr', 'nullDebugAction', 'nums', 'oneOf', 'opAssoc', 'operatorPrecedence', 'printables',
+'punc8bit', 'pythonStyleComment', 'quotedString', 'removeQuotes', 'replaceHTMLEntity', 
+'replaceWith', 'restOfLine', 'sglQuotedString', 'srange', 'stringEnd',
+'stringStart', 'traceParseAction', 'unicodeString', 'upcaseTokens', 'withAttribute',
+'indentedBlock', 'originalTextFor', 'ungroup', 'infixNotation','locatedExpr', 'withClass',
+'CloseMatch', 'tokenMap', 'pyparsing_common',
+]
+
+system_version = tuple(sys.version_info)[:3]
+PY_3 = system_version[0] == 3
+if PY_3:
+    _MAX_INT = sys.maxsize
+    basestring = str
+    unichr = chr
+    _ustr = str
+
+    # build list of single arg builtins, that can be used as parse actions
+    singleArgBuiltins = [sum, len, sorted, reversed, list, tuple, set, any, all, min, max]
+
+else:
+    _MAX_INT = sys.maxint
+    range = xrange
+
+    def _ustr(obj):
+        """Drop-in replacement for str(obj) that tries to be Unicode friendly. It first tries
+           str(obj). If that fails with a UnicodeEncodeError, then it tries unicode(obj). It
+           then < returns the unicode object | encodes it with the default encoding | ... >.
+        """
+        if isinstance(obj,unicode):
+            return obj
+
+        try:
+            # If this works, then _ustr(obj) has the same behaviour as str(obj), so
+            # it won't break any existing code.
+            return str(obj)
+
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            # Else encode it
+            ret = unicode(obj).encode(sys.getdefaultencoding(), 'xmlcharrefreplace')
+            xmlcharref = Regex(r'&#\d+;')
+            xmlcharref.setParseAction(lambda t: '\\u' + hex(int(t[0][2:-1]))[2:])
+            return xmlcharref.transformString(ret)
+
+    # build list of single arg builtins, tolerant of Python version, that can be used as parse actions
+    singleArgBuiltins = []
+    import __builtin__
+    for fname in "sum len sorted reversed list tuple set any all min max".split():
+        try:
+            singleArgBuiltins.append(getattr(__builtin__,fname))
+        except AttributeError:
+            continue
+            
+_generatorType = type((y for y in range(1)))
+ 
+def _xml_escape(data):
+    """Escape &, <, >, ", ', etc. in a string of data."""
+
+    # ampersand must be replaced first
+    from_symbols = '&><"\''
+    to_symbols = ('&'+s+';' for s in "amp gt lt quot apos".split())
+    for from_,to_ in zip(from_symbols, to_symbols):
+        data = data.replace(from_, to_)
+    return data
+
+class _Constants(object):
+    pass
+
+alphas     = string.ascii_uppercase + string.ascii_lowercase
+nums       = "0123456789"
+hexnums    = nums + "ABCDEFabcdef"
+alphanums  = alphas + nums
+_bslash    = chr(92)
+printables = "".join(c for c in string.printable if c not in string.whitespace)
+
+class ParseBaseException(Exception):
+    """base exception class for all parsing runtime exceptions"""
+    # Performance tuning: we construct a *lot* of these, so keep this
+    # constructor as small and fast as possible
+    def __init__( self, pstr, loc=0, msg=None, elem=None ):
+        self.loc = loc
+        if msg is None:
+            self.msg = pstr
+            self.pstr = ""
+        else:
+            self.msg = msg
+            self.pstr = pstr
+        self.parserElement = elem
+        self.args = (pstr, loc, msg)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_exception(cls, pe):
+        """
+        internal factory method to simplify creating one type of ParseException 
+        from another - avoids having __init__ signature conflicts among subclasses
+        """
+        return cls(pe.pstr, pe.loc, pe.msg, pe.parserElement)
+
+    def __getattr__( self, aname ):
+        """supported attributes by name are:
+            - lineno - returns the line number of the exception text
+            - col - returns the column number of the exception text
+            - line - returns the line containing the exception text
+        """
+        if( aname == "lineno" ):
+            return lineno( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        elif( aname in ("col", "column") ):
+            return col( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        elif( aname == "line" ):
+            return line( self.loc, self.pstr )
+        else:
+            raise AttributeError(aname)
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "%s (at char %d), (line:%d, col:%d)" % \
+                ( self.msg, self.loc, self.lineno, self.column )
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return _ustr(self)
+    def markInputline( self, markerString = ">!<" ):
+        """Extracts the exception line from the input string, and marks
+           the location of the exception with a special symbol.
+        """
+        line_str = self.line
+        line_column = self.column - 1
+        if markerString:
+            line_str = "".join((line_str[:line_column],
+                                markerString, line_str[line_column:]))
+        return line_str.strip()
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return "lineno col line".split() + dir(type(self))
+
+class ParseException(ParseBaseException):
+    """
+    Exception thrown when parse expressions don't match class;
+    supported attributes by name are:
+     - lineno - returns the line number of the exception text
+     - col - returns the column number of the exception text
+     - line - returns the line containing the exception text
+        
+    Example::
+        try:
+            Word(nums).setName("integer").parseString("ABC")
+        except ParseException as pe:
+            print(pe)
+            print("column: {}".format(pe.col))
+            
+    prints::
+       Expected integer (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        column: 1
+    """
+    pass
+
+class ParseFatalException(ParseBaseException):
+    """user-throwable exception thrown when inconsistent parse content
+       is found; stops all parsing immediately"""
+    pass
+
+class ParseSyntaxException(ParseFatalException):
+    """just like L{ParseFatalException}, but thrown internally when an
+       L{ErrorStop<And._ErrorStop>} ('-' operator) indicates that parsing is to stop 
+       immediately because an unbacktrackable syntax error has been found"""
+    pass
+
+#~ class ReparseException(ParseBaseException):
+    #~ """Experimental class - parse actions can raise this exception to cause
+       #~ pyparsing to reparse the input string:
+        #~ - with a modified input string, and/or
+        #~ - with a modified start location
+       #~ Set the values of the ReparseException in the constructor, and raise the
+       #~ exception in a parse action to cause pyparsing to use the new string/location.
+       #~ Setting the values as None causes no change to be made.
+       #~ """
+    #~ def __init_( self, newstring, restartLoc ):
+        #~ self.newParseText = newstring
+        #~ self.reparseLoc = restartLoc
+
+class RecursiveGrammarException(Exception):
+    """exception thrown by L{ParserElement.validate} if the grammar could be improperly recursive"""
+    def __init__( self, parseElementList ):
+        self.parseElementTrace = parseElementList
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "RecursiveGrammarException: %s" % self.parseElementTrace
+
+class _ParseResultsWithOffset(object):
+    def __init__(self,p1,p2):
+        self.tup = (p1,p2)
+    def __getitem__(self,i):
+        return self.tup[i]
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return repr(self.tup[0])
+    def setOffset(self,i):
+        self.tup = (self.tup[0],i)
+
+class ParseResults(object):
+    """
+    Structured parse results, to provide multiple means of access to the parsed data:
+       - as a list (C{len(results)})
+       - by list index (C{results[0], results[1]}, etc.)
+       - by attribute (C{results.<resultsName>} - see L{ParserElement.setResultsName})
+
+    Example::
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        date_str = (integer.setResultsName("year") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("month") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("day"))
+        # equivalent form:
+        # date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+
+        # parseString returns a ParseResults object
+        result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")
+
+        def test(s, fn=repr):
+            print("%s -> %s" % (s, fn(eval(s))))
+        test("list(result)")
+        test("result[0]")
+        test("result['month']")
+        test("result.day")
+        test("'month' in result")
+        test("'minutes' in result")
+        test("result.dump()", str)
+    prints::
+        list(result) -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+        result[0] -> '1999'
+        result['month'] -> '12'
+        result.day -> '31'
+        'month' in result -> True
+        'minutes' in result -> False
+        result.dump() -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+        - day: 31
+        - month: 12
+        - year: 1999
+    """
+    def __new__(cls, toklist=None, name=None, asList=True, modal=True ):
+        if isinstance(toklist, cls):
+            return toklist
+        retobj = object.__new__(cls)
+        retobj.__doinit = True
+        return retobj
+
+    # Performance tuning: we construct a *lot* of these, so keep this
+    # constructor as small and fast as possible
+    def __init__( self, toklist=None, name=None, asList=True, modal=True, isinstance=isinstance ):
+        if self.__doinit:
+            self.__doinit = False
+            self.__name = None
+            self.__parent = None
+            self.__accumNames = {}
+            self.__asList = asList
+            self.__modal = modal
+            if toklist is None:
+                toklist = []
+            if isinstance(toklist, list):
+                self.__toklist = toklist[:]
+            elif isinstance(toklist, _generatorType):
+                self.__toklist = list(toklist)
+            else:
+                self.__toklist = [toklist]
+            self.__tokdict = dict()
+
+        if name is not None and name:
+            if not modal:
+                self.__accumNames[name] = 0
+            if isinstance(name,int):
+                name = _ustr(name) # will always return a str, but use _ustr for consistency
+            self.__name = name
+            if not (isinstance(toklist, (type(None), basestring, list)) and toklist in (None,'',[])):
+                if isinstance(toklist,basestring):
+                    toklist = [ toklist ]
+                if asList:
+                    if isinstance(toklist,ParseResults):
+                        self[name] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(toklist.copy(),0)
+                    else:
+                        self[name] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(ParseResults(toklist[0]),0)
+                    self[name].__name = name
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        self[name] = toklist[0]
+                    except (KeyError,TypeError,IndexError):
+                        self[name] = toklist
+
+    def __getitem__( self, i ):
+        if isinstance( i, (int,slice) ):
+            return self.__toklist[i]
+        else:
+            if i not in self.__accumNames:
+                return self.__tokdict[i][-1][0]
+            else:
+                return ParseResults([ v[0] for v in self.__tokdict[i] ])
+
+    def __setitem__( self, k, v, isinstance=isinstance ):
+        if isinstance(v,_ParseResultsWithOffset):
+            self.__tokdict[k] = self.__tokdict.get(k,list()) + [v]
+            sub = v[0]
+        elif isinstance(k,(int,slice)):
+            self.__toklist[k] = v
+            sub = v
+        else:
+            self.__tokdict[k] = self.__tokdict.get(k,list()) + [_ParseResultsWithOffset(v,0)]
+            sub = v
+        if isinstance(sub,ParseResults):
+            sub.__parent = wkref(self)
+
+    def __delitem__( self, i ):
+        if isinstance(i,(int,slice)):
+            mylen = len( self.__toklist )
+            del self.__toklist[i]
+
+            # convert int to slice
+            if isinstance(i, int):
+                if i < 0:
+                    i += mylen
+                i = slice(i, i+1)
+            # get removed indices
+            removed = list(range(*i.indices(mylen)))
+            removed.reverse()
+            # fixup indices in token dictionary
+            for name,occurrences in self.__tokdict.items():
+                for j in removed:
+                    for k, (value, position) in enumerate(occurrences):
+                        occurrences[k] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(value, position - (position > j))
+        else:
+            del self.__tokdict[i]
+
+    def __contains__( self, k ):
+        return k in self.__tokdict
+
+    def __len__( self ): return len( self.__toklist )
+    def __bool__(self): return ( not not self.__toklist )
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+    def __iter__( self ): return iter( self.__toklist )
+    def __reversed__( self ): return iter( self.__toklist[::-1] )
+    def _iterkeys( self ):
+        if hasattr(self.__tokdict, "iterkeys"):
+            return self.__tokdict.iterkeys()
+        else:
+            return iter(self.__tokdict)
+
+    def _itervalues( self ):
+        return (self[k] for k in self._iterkeys())
+            
+    def _iteritems( self ):
+        return ((k, self[k]) for k in self._iterkeys())
+
+    if PY_3:
+        keys = _iterkeys       
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result keys (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+        values = _itervalues
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result values (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+        items = _iteritems
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result key-value tuples (Python 3.x only)."""
+
+    else:
+        iterkeys = _iterkeys
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result keys (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        itervalues = _itervalues
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result values (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        iteritems = _iteritems
+        """Returns an iterator of all named result key-value tuples (Python 2.x only)."""
+
+        def keys( self ):
+            """Returns all named result keys (as a list in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.iterkeys())
+
+        def values( self ):
+            """Returns all named result values (as a list in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.itervalues())
+                
+        def items( self ):
+            """Returns all named result key-values (as a list of tuples in Python 2.x, as an iterator in Python 3.x)."""
+            return list(self.iteritems())
+
+    def haskeys( self ):
+        """Since keys() returns an iterator, this method is helpful in bypassing
+           code that looks for the existence of any defined results names."""
+        return bool(self.__tokdict)
+        
+    def pop( self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Removes and returns item at specified index (default=C{last}).
+        Supports both C{list} and C{dict} semantics for C{pop()}. If passed no
+        argument or an integer argument, it will use C{list} semantics
+        and pop tokens from the list of parsed tokens. If passed a 
+        non-integer argument (most likely a string), it will use C{dict}
+        semantics and pop the corresponding value from any defined 
+        results names. A second default return value argument is 
+        supported, just as in C{dict.pop()}.
+
+        Example::
+            def remove_first(tokens):
+                tokens.pop(0)
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(remove_first).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['123', '321']
+
+            label = Word(alphas)
+            patt = label("LABEL") + OneOrMore(Word(nums))
+            print(patt.parseString("AAB 123 321").dump())
+
+            # Use pop() in a parse action to remove named result (note that corresponding value is not
+            # removed from list form of results)
+            def remove_LABEL(tokens):
+                tokens.pop("LABEL")
+                return tokens
+            patt.addParseAction(remove_LABEL)
+            print(patt.parseString("AAB 123 321").dump())
+        prints::
+            ['AAB', '123', '321']
+            - LABEL: AAB
+
+            ['AAB', '123', '321']
+        """
+        if not args:
+            args = [-1]
+        for k,v in kwargs.items():
+            if k == 'default':
+                args = (args[0], v)
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("pop() got an unexpected keyword argument '%s'" % k)
+        if (isinstance(args[0], int) or 
+                        len(args) == 1 or 
+                        args[0] in self):
+            index = args[0]
+            ret = self[index]
+            del self[index]
+            return ret
+        else:
+            defaultvalue = args[1]
+            return defaultvalue
+
+    def get(self, key, defaultValue=None):
+        """
+        Returns named result matching the given key, or if there is no
+        such name, then returns the given C{defaultValue} or C{None} if no
+        C{defaultValue} is specified.
+
+        Similar to C{dict.get()}.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")
+            print(result.get("year")) # -> '1999'
+            print(result.get("hour", "not specified")) # -> 'not specified'
+            print(result.get("hour")) # -> None
+        """
+        if key in self:
+            return self[key]
+        else:
+            return defaultValue
+
+    def insert( self, index, insStr ):
+        """
+        Inserts new element at location index in the list of parsed tokens.
+        
+        Similar to C{list.insert()}.
+
+        Example::
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+
+            # use a parse action to insert the parse location in the front of the parsed results
+            def insert_locn(locn, tokens):
+                tokens.insert(0, locn)
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(insert_locn).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> [0, '0', '123', '321']
+        """
+        self.__toklist.insert(index, insStr)
+        # fixup indices in token dictionary
+        for name,occurrences in self.__tokdict.items():
+            for k, (value, position) in enumerate(occurrences):
+                occurrences[k] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(value, position + (position > index))
+
+    def append( self, item ):
+        """
+        Add single element to end of ParseResults list of elements.
+
+        Example::
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321']
+            
+            # use a parse action to compute the sum of the parsed integers, and add it to the end
+            def append_sum(tokens):
+                tokens.append(sum(map(int, tokens)))
+            print(OneOrMore(Word(nums)).addParseAction(append_sum).parseString("0 123 321")) # -> ['0', '123', '321', 444]
+        """
+        self.__toklist.append(item)
+
+    def extend( self, itemseq ):
+        """
+        Add sequence of elements to end of ParseResults list of elements.
+
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            
+            # use a parse action to append the reverse of the matched strings, to make a palindrome
+            def make_palindrome(tokens):
+                tokens.extend(reversed([t[::-1] for t in tokens]))
+                return ''.join(tokens)
+            print(patt.addParseAction(make_palindrome).parseString("lskdj sdlkjf lksd")) # -> 'lskdjsdlkjflksddsklfjkldsjdksl'
+        """
+        if isinstance(itemseq, ParseResults):
+            self += itemseq
+        else:
+            self.__toklist.extend(itemseq)
+
+    def clear( self ):
+        """
+        Clear all elements and results names.
+        """
+        del self.__toklist[:]
+        self.__tokdict.clear()
+
+    def __getattr__( self, name ):
+        try:
+            return self[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            return ""
+            
+        if name in self.__tokdict:
+            if name not in self.__accumNames:
+                return self.__tokdict[name][-1][0]
+            else:
+                return ParseResults([ v[0] for v in self.__tokdict[name] ])
+        else:
+            return ""
+
+    def __add__( self, other ):
+        ret = self.copy()
+        ret += other
+        return ret
+
+    def __iadd__( self, other ):
+        if other.__tokdict:
+            offset = len(self.__toklist)
+            addoffset = lambda a: offset if a<0 else a+offset
+            otheritems = other.__tokdict.items()
+            otherdictitems = [(k, _ParseResultsWithOffset(v[0],addoffset(v[1])) )
+                                for (k,vlist) in otheritems for v in vlist]
+            for k,v in otherdictitems:
+                self[k] = v
+                if isinstance(v[0],ParseResults):
+                    v[0].__parent = wkref(self)
+            
+        self.__toklist += other.__toklist
+        self.__accumNames.update( other.__accumNames )
+        return self
+
+    def __radd__(self, other):
+        if isinstance(other,int) and other == 0:
+            # useful for merging many ParseResults using sum() builtin
+            return self.copy()
+        else:
+            # this may raise a TypeError - so be it
+            return other + self
+        
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return "(%s, %s)" % ( repr( self.__toklist ), repr( self.__tokdict ) )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return '[' + ', '.join(_ustr(i) if isinstance(i, ParseResults) else repr(i) for i in self.__toklist) + ']'
+
+    def _asStringList( self, sep='' ):
+        out = []
+        for item in self.__toklist:
+            if out and sep:
+                out.append(sep)
+            if isinstance( item, ParseResults ):
+                out += item._asStringList()
+            else:
+                out.append( _ustr(item) )
+        return out
+
+    def asList( self ):
+        """
+        Returns the parse results as a nested list of matching tokens, all converted to strings.
+
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            result = patt.parseString("sldkj lsdkj sldkj")
+            # even though the result prints in string-like form, it is actually a pyparsing ParseResults
+            print(type(result), result) # -> <class 'pyparsing.ParseResults'> ['sldkj', 'lsdkj', 'sldkj']
+            
+            # Use asList() to create an actual list
+            result_list = result.asList()
+            print(type(result_list), result_list) # -> <class 'list'> ['sldkj', 'lsdkj', 'sldkj']
+        """
+        return [res.asList() if isinstance(res,ParseResults) else res for res in self.__toklist]
+
+    def asDict( self ):
+        """
+        Returns the named parse results as a nested dictionary.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+            
+            result = date_str.parseString('12/31/1999')
+            print(type(result), repr(result)) # -> <class 'pyparsing.ParseResults'> (['12', '/', '31', '/', '1999'], {'day': [('1999', 4)], 'year': [('12', 0)], 'month': [('31', 2)]})
+            
+            result_dict = result.asDict()
+            print(type(result_dict), repr(result_dict)) # -> <class 'dict'> {'day': '1999', 'year': '12', 'month': '31'}
+
+            # even though a ParseResults supports dict-like access, sometime you just need to have a dict
+            import json
+            print(json.dumps(result)) # -> Exception: TypeError: ... is not JSON serializable
+            print(json.dumps(result.asDict())) # -> {"month": "31", "day": "1999", "year": "12"}
+        """
+        if PY_3:
+            item_fn = self.items
+        else:
+            item_fn = self.iteritems
+            
+        def toItem(obj):
+            if isinstance(obj, ParseResults):
+                if obj.haskeys():
+                    return obj.asDict()
+                else:
+                    return [toItem(v) for v in obj]
+            else:
+                return obj
+                
+        return dict((k,toItem(v)) for k,v in item_fn())
+
+    def copy( self ):
+        """
+        Returns a new copy of a C{ParseResults} object.
+        """
+        ret = ParseResults( self.__toklist )
+        ret.__tokdict = self.__tokdict.copy()
+        ret.__parent = self.__parent
+        ret.__accumNames.update( self.__accumNames )
+        ret.__name = self.__name
+        return ret
+
+    def asXML( self, doctag=None, namedItemsOnly=False, indent="", formatted=True ):
+        """
+        (Deprecated) Returns the parse results as XML. Tags are created for tokens and lists that have defined results names.
+        """
+        nl = "\n"
+        out = []
+        namedItems = dict((v[1],k) for (k,vlist) in self.__tokdict.items()
+                                                            for v in vlist)
+        nextLevelIndent = indent + "  "
+
+        # collapse out indents if formatting is not desired
+        if not formatted:
+            indent = ""
+            nextLevelIndent = ""
+            nl = ""
+
+        selfTag = None
+        if doctag is not None:
+            selfTag = doctag
+        else:
+            if self.__name:
+                selfTag = self.__name
+
+        if not selfTag:
+            if namedItemsOnly:
+                return ""
+            else:
+                selfTag = "ITEM"
+
+        out += [ nl, indent, "<", selfTag, ">" ]
+
+        for i,res in enumerate(self.__toklist):
+            if isinstance(res,ParseResults):
+                if i in namedItems:
+                    out += [ res.asXML(namedItems[i],
+                                        namedItemsOnly and doctag is None,
+                                        nextLevelIndent,
+                                        formatted)]
+                else:
+                    out += [ res.asXML(None,
+                                        namedItemsOnly and doctag is None,
+                                        nextLevelIndent,
+                                        formatted)]
+            else:
+                # individual token, see if there is a name for it
+                resTag = None
+                if i in namedItems:
+                    resTag = namedItems[i]
+                if not resTag:
+                    if namedItemsOnly:
+                        continue
+                    else:
+                        resTag = "ITEM"
+                xmlBodyText = _xml_escape(_ustr(res))
+                out += [ nl, nextLevelIndent, "<", resTag, ">",
+                                                xmlBodyText,
+                                                "</", resTag, ">" ]
+
+        out += [ nl, indent, "</", selfTag, ">" ]
+        return "".join(out)
+
+    def __lookup(self,sub):
+        for k,vlist in self.__tokdict.items():
+            for v,loc in vlist:
+                if sub is v:
+                    return k
+        return None
+
+    def getName(self):
+        r"""
+        Returns the results name for this token expression. Useful when several 
+        different expressions might match at a particular location.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            ssn_expr = Regex(r"\d\d\d-\d\d-\d\d\d\d")
+            house_number_expr = Suppress('#') + Word(nums, alphanums)
+            user_data = (Group(house_number_expr)("house_number") 
+                        | Group(ssn_expr)("ssn")
+                        | Group(integer)("age"))
+            user_info = OneOrMore(user_data)
+            
+            result = user_info.parseString("22 111-22-3333 #221B")
+            for item in result:
+                print(item.getName(), ':', item[0])
+        prints::
+            age : 22
+            ssn : 111-22-3333
+            house_number : 221B
+        """
+        if self.__name:
+            return self.__name
+        elif self.__parent:
+            par = self.__parent()
+            if par:
+                return par.__lookup(self)
+            else:
+                return None
+        elif (len(self) == 1 and
+               len(self.__tokdict) == 1 and
+               next(iter(self.__tokdict.values()))[0][1] in (0,-1)):
+            return next(iter(self.__tokdict.keys()))
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def dump(self, indent='', depth=0, full=True):
+        """
+        Diagnostic method for listing out the contents of a C{ParseResults}.
+        Accepts an optional C{indent} argument so that this string can be embedded
+        in a nested display of other data.
+
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+            
+            result = date_str.parseString('12/31/1999')
+            print(result.dump())
+        prints::
+            ['12', '/', '31', '/', '1999']
+            - day: 1999
+            - month: 31
+            - year: 12
+        """
+        out = []
+        NL = '\n'
+        out.append( indent+_ustr(self.asList()) )
+        if full:
+            if self.haskeys():
+                items = sorted((str(k), v) for k,v in self.items())
+                for k,v in items:
+                    if out:
+                        out.append(NL)
+                    out.append( "%s%s- %s: " % (indent,('  '*depth), k) )
+                    if isinstance(v,ParseResults):
+                        if v:
+                            out.append( v.dump(indent,depth+1) )
+                        else:
+                            out.append(_ustr(v))
+                    else:
+                        out.append(repr(v))
+            elif any(isinstance(vv,ParseResults) for vv in self):
+                v = self
+                for i,vv in enumerate(v):
+                    if isinstance(vv,ParseResults):
+                        out.append("\n%s%s[%d]:\n%s%s%s" % (indent,('  '*(depth)),i,indent,('  '*(depth+1)),vv.dump(indent,depth+1) ))
+                    else:
+                        out.append("\n%s%s[%d]:\n%s%s%s" % (indent,('  '*(depth)),i,indent,('  '*(depth+1)),_ustr(vv)))
+            
+        return "".join(out)
+
+    def pprint(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Pretty-printer for parsed results as a list, using the C{pprint} module.
+        Accepts additional positional or keyword args as defined for the 
+        C{pprint.pprint} method. (U{http://docs.python.org/3/library/pprint.html#pprint.pprint})
+
+        Example::
+            ident = Word(alphas, alphanums)
+            num = Word(nums)
+            func = Forward()
+            term = ident | num | Group('(' + func + ')')
+            func <<= ident + Group(Optional(delimitedList(term)))
+            result = func.parseString("fna a,b,(fnb c,d,200),100")
+            result.pprint(width=40)
+        prints::
+            ['fna',
+             ['a',
+              'b',
+              ['(', 'fnb', ['c', 'd', '200'], ')'],
+              '100']]
+        """
+        pprint.pprint(self.asList(), *args, **kwargs)
+
+    # add support for pickle protocol
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return ( self.__toklist,
+                 ( self.__tokdict.copy(),
+                   self.__parent is not None and self.__parent() or None,
+                   self.__accumNames,
+                   self.__name ) )
+
+    def __setstate__(self,state):
+        self.__toklist = state[0]
+        (self.__tokdict,
+         par,
+         inAccumNames,
+         self.__name) = state[1]
+        self.__accumNames = {}
+        self.__accumNames.update(inAccumNames)
+        if par is not None:
+            self.__parent = wkref(par)
+        else:
+            self.__parent = None
+
+    def __getnewargs__(self):
+        return self.__toklist, self.__name, self.__asList, self.__modal
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return (dir(type(self)) + list(self.keys()))
+
+MutableMapping.register(ParseResults)
+
+def col (loc,strg):
+    """Returns current column within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+   The first column is number 1.
+
+   Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+   before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{ParserElement.parseString}<ParserElement.parseString>} for more information
+   on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+   consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+   positions within the parsed string.
+   """
+    s = strg
+    return 1 if 0<loc<len(s) and s[loc-1] == '\n' else loc - s.rfind("\n", 0, loc)
+
+def lineno(loc,strg):
+    """Returns current line number within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+   The first line is number 1.
+
+   Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+   before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{ParserElement.parseString}<ParserElement.parseString>} for more information
+   on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+   consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+   positions within the parsed string.
+   """
+    return strg.count("\n",0,loc) + 1
+
+def line( loc, strg ):
+    """Returns the line of text containing loc within a string, counting newlines as line separators.
+       """
+    lastCR = strg.rfind("\n", 0, loc)
+    nextCR = strg.find("\n", loc)
+    if nextCR >= 0:
+        return strg[lastCR+1:nextCR]
+    else:
+        return strg[lastCR+1:]
+
+def _defaultStartDebugAction( instring, loc, expr ):
+    print (("Match " + _ustr(expr) + " at loc " + _ustr(loc) + "(%d,%d)" % ( lineno(loc,instring), col(loc,instring) )))
+
+def _defaultSuccessDebugAction( instring, startloc, endloc, expr, toks ):
+    print ("Matched " + _ustr(expr) + " -> " + str(toks.asList()))
+
+def _defaultExceptionDebugAction( instring, loc, expr, exc ):
+    print ("Exception raised:" + _ustr(exc))
+
+def nullDebugAction(*args):
+    """'Do-nothing' debug action, to suppress debugging output during parsing."""
+    pass
+
+# Only works on Python 3.x - nonlocal is toxic to Python 2 installs
+#~ 'decorator to trim function calls to match the arity of the target'
+#~ def _trim_arity(func, maxargs=3):
+    #~ if func in singleArgBuiltins:
+        #~ return lambda s,l,t: func(t)
+    #~ limit = 0
+    #~ foundArity = False
+    #~ def wrapper(*args):
+        #~ nonlocal limit,foundArity
+        #~ while 1:
+            #~ try:
+                #~ ret = func(*args[limit:])
+                #~ foundArity = True
+                #~ return ret
+            #~ except TypeError:
+                #~ if limit == maxargs or foundArity:
+                    #~ raise
+                #~ limit += 1
+                #~ continue
+    #~ return wrapper
+
+# this version is Python 2.x-3.x cross-compatible
+'decorator to trim function calls to match the arity of the target'
+def _trim_arity(func, maxargs=2):
+    if func in singleArgBuiltins:
+        return lambda s,l,t: func(t)
+    limit = [0]
+    foundArity = [False]
+    
+    # traceback return data structure changed in Py3.5 - normalize back to plain tuples
+    if system_version[:2] >= (3,5):
+        def extract_stack(limit=0):
+            # special handling for Python 3.5.0 - extra deep call stack by 1
+            offset = -3 if system_version == (3,5,0) else -2
+            frame_summary = traceback.extract_stack(limit=-offset+limit-1)[offset]
+            return [frame_summary[:2]]
+        def extract_tb(tb, limit=0):
+            frames = traceback.extract_tb(tb, limit=limit)
+            frame_summary = frames[-1]
+            return [frame_summary[:2]]
+    else:
+        extract_stack = traceback.extract_stack
+        extract_tb = traceback.extract_tb
+    
+    # synthesize what would be returned by traceback.extract_stack at the call to 
+    # user's parse action 'func', so that we don't incur call penalty at parse time
+    
+    LINE_DIFF = 6
+    # IF ANY CODE CHANGES, EVEN JUST COMMENTS OR BLANK LINES, BETWEEN THE NEXT LINE AND 
+    # THE CALL TO FUNC INSIDE WRAPPER, LINE_DIFF MUST BE MODIFIED!!!!
+    this_line = extract_stack(limit=2)[-1]
+    pa_call_line_synth = (this_line[0], this_line[1]+LINE_DIFF)
+
+    def wrapper(*args):
+        while 1:
+            try:
+                ret = func(*args[limit[0]:])
+                foundArity[0] = True
+                return ret
+            except TypeError:
+                # re-raise TypeErrors if they did not come from our arity testing
+                if foundArity[0]:
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        tb = sys.exc_info()[-1]
+                        if not extract_tb(tb, limit=2)[-1][:2] == pa_call_line_synth:
+                            raise
+                    finally:
+                        del tb
+
+                if limit[0] <= maxargs:
+                    limit[0] += 1
+                    continue
+                raise
+
+    # copy func name to wrapper for sensible debug output
+    func_name = "<parse action>"
+    try:
+        func_name = getattr(func, '__name__', 
+                            getattr(func, '__class__').__name__)
+    except Exception:
+        func_name = str(func)
+    wrapper.__name__ = func_name
+
+    return wrapper
+
+class ParserElement(object):
+    """Abstract base level parser element class."""
+    DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS = " \n\t\r"
+    verbose_stacktrace = False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def setDefaultWhitespaceChars( chars ):
+        r"""
+        Overrides the default whitespace chars
+
+        Example::
+            # default whitespace chars are space, <TAB> and newline
+            OneOrMore(Word(alphas)).parseString("abc def\nghi jkl")  # -> ['abc', 'def', 'ghi', 'jkl']
+            
+            # change to just treat newline as significant
+            ParserElement.setDefaultWhitespaceChars(" \t")
+            OneOrMore(Word(alphas)).parseString("abc def\nghi jkl")  # -> ['abc', 'def']
+        """
+        ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS = chars
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def inlineLiteralsUsing(cls):
+        """
+        Set class to be used for inclusion of string literals into a parser.
+        
+        Example::
+            # default literal class used is Literal
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+
+
+            # change to Suppress
+            ParserElement.inlineLiteralsUsing(Suppress)
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")           
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '12', '31']
+        """
+        ParserElement._literalStringClass = cls
+
+    def __init__( self, savelist=False ):
+        self.parseAction = list()
+        self.failAction = None
+        #~ self.name = "<unknown>"  # don't define self.name, let subclasses try/except upcall
+        self.strRepr = None
+        self.resultsName = None
+        self.saveAsList = savelist
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.whiteChars = ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+        self.copyDefaultWhiteChars = True
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False # used when checking for left-recursion
+        self.keepTabs = False
+        self.ignoreExprs = list()
+        self.debug = False
+        self.streamlined = False
+        self.mayIndexError = True # used to optimize exception handling for subclasses that don't advance parse index
+        self.errmsg = ""
+        self.modalResults = True # used to mark results names as modal (report only last) or cumulative (list all)
+        self.debugActions = ( None, None, None ) #custom debug actions
+        self.re = None
+        self.callPreparse = True # used to avoid redundant calls to preParse
+        self.callDuringTry = False
+
+    def copy( self ):
+        """
+        Make a copy of this C{ParserElement}.  Useful for defining different parse actions
+        for the same parsing pattern, using copies of the original parse element.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            integerK = integer.copy().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024) + Suppress("K")
+            integerM = integer.copy().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024*1024) + Suppress("M")
+            
+            print(OneOrMore(integerK | integerM | integer).parseString("5K 100 640K 256M"))
+        prints::
+            [5120, 100, 655360, 268435456]
+        Equivalent form of C{expr.copy()} is just C{expr()}::
+            integerM = integer().addParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0]*1024*1024) + Suppress("M")
+        """
+        cpy = copy.copy( self )
+        cpy.parseAction = self.parseAction[:]
+        cpy.ignoreExprs = self.ignoreExprs[:]
+        if self.copyDefaultWhiteChars:
+            cpy.whiteChars = ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+        return cpy
+
+    def setName( self, name ):
+        """
+        Define name for this expression, makes debugging and exception messages clearer.
+        
+        Example::
+            Word(nums).parseString("ABC")  # -> Exception: Expected W:(0123...) (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+            Word(nums).setName("integer").parseString("ABC")  # -> Exception: Expected integer (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        """
+        self.name = name
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        if hasattr(self,"exception"):
+            self.exception.msg = self.errmsg
+        return self
+
+    def setResultsName( self, name, listAllMatches=False ):
+        """
+        Define name for referencing matching tokens as a nested attribute
+        of the returned parse results.
+        NOTE: this returns a *copy* of the original C{ParserElement} object;
+        this is so that the client can define a basic element, such as an
+        integer, and reference it in multiple places with different names.
+
+        You can also set results names using the abbreviated syntax,
+        C{expr("name")} in place of C{expr.setResultsName("name")} - 
+        see L{I{__call__}<__call__>}.
+
+        Example::
+            date_str = (integer.setResultsName("year") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("month") + '/' 
+                        + integer.setResultsName("day"))
+
+            # equivalent form:
+            date_str = integer("year") + '/' + integer("month") + '/' + integer("day")
+        """
+        newself = self.copy()
+        if name.endswith("*"):
+            name = name[:-1]
+            listAllMatches=True
+        newself.resultsName = name
+        newself.modalResults = not listAllMatches
+        return newself
+
+    def setBreak(self,breakFlag = True):
+        """Method to invoke the Python pdb debugger when this element is
+           about to be parsed. Set C{breakFlag} to True to enable, False to
+           disable.
+        """
+        if breakFlag:
+            _parseMethod = self._parse
+            def breaker(instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True):
+                import pdb
+                pdb.set_trace()
+                return _parseMethod( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse )
+            breaker._originalParseMethod = _parseMethod
+            self._parse = breaker
+        else:
+            if hasattr(self._parse,"_originalParseMethod"):
+                self._parse = self._parse._originalParseMethod
+        return self
+
+    def setParseAction( self, *fns, **kwargs ):
+        """
+        Define one or more actions to perform when successfully matching parse element definition.
+        Parse action fn is a callable method with 0-3 arguments, called as C{fn(s,loc,toks)},
+        C{fn(loc,toks)}, C{fn(toks)}, or just C{fn()}, where:
+         - s   = the original string being parsed (see note below)
+         - loc = the location of the matching substring
+         - toks = a list of the matched tokens, packaged as a C{L{ParseResults}} object
+        If the functions in fns modify the tokens, they can return them as the return
+        value from fn, and the modified list of tokens will replace the original.
+        Otherwise, fn does not need to return any value.
+
+        Optional keyword arguments:
+         - callDuringTry = (default=C{False}) indicate if parse action should be run during lookaheads and alternate testing
+
+        Note: the default parsing behavior is to expand tabs in the input string
+        before starting the parsing process.  See L{I{parseString}<parseString>} for more information
+        on parsing strings containing C{<TAB>}s, and suggested methods to maintain a
+        consistent view of the parsed string, the parse location, and line and column
+        positions within the parsed string.
+        
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums)
+            date_str = integer + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> ['1999', '/', '12', '/', '31']
+
+            # use parse action to convert to ints at parse time
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            date_str = integer + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            # note that integer fields are now ints, not strings
+            date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> [1999, '/', 12, '/', 31]
+        """
+        self.parseAction = list(map(_trim_arity, list(fns)))
+        self.callDuringTry = kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def addParseAction( self, *fns, **kwargs ):
+        """
+        Add one or more parse actions to expression's list of parse actions. See L{I{setParseAction}<setParseAction>}.
+        
+        See examples in L{I{copy}<copy>}.
+        """
+        self.parseAction += list(map(_trim_arity, list(fns)))
+        self.callDuringTry = self.callDuringTry or kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def addCondition(self, *fns, **kwargs):
+        """Add a boolean predicate function to expression's list of parse actions. See 
+        L{I{setParseAction}<setParseAction>} for function call signatures. Unlike C{setParseAction}, 
+        functions passed to C{addCondition} need to return boolean success/fail of the condition.
+
+        Optional keyword arguments:
+         - message = define a custom message to be used in the raised exception
+         - fatal   = if True, will raise ParseFatalException to stop parsing immediately; otherwise will raise ParseException
+         
+        Example::
+            integer = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+            year_int = integer.copy()
+            year_int.addCondition(lambda toks: toks[0] >= 2000, message="Only support years 2000 and later")
+            date_str = year_int + '/' + integer + '/' + integer
+
+            result = date_str.parseString("1999/12/31")  # -> Exception: Only support years 2000 and later (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+        """
+        msg = kwargs.get("message", "failed user-defined condition")
+        exc_type = ParseFatalException if kwargs.get("fatal", False) else ParseException
+        for fn in fns:
+            def pa(s,l,t):
+                if not bool(_trim_arity(fn)(s,l,t)):
+                    raise exc_type(s,l,msg)
+            self.parseAction.append(pa)
+        self.callDuringTry = self.callDuringTry or kwargs.get("callDuringTry", False)
+        return self
+
+    def setFailAction( self, fn ):
+        """Define action to perform if parsing fails at this expression.
+           Fail acton fn is a callable function that takes the arguments
+           C{fn(s,loc,expr,err)} where:
+            - s = string being parsed
+            - loc = location where expression match was attempted and failed
+            - expr = the parse expression that failed
+            - err = the exception thrown
+           The function returns no value.  It may throw C{L{ParseFatalException}}
+           if it is desired to stop parsing immediately."""
+        self.failAction = fn
+        return self
+
+    def _skipIgnorables( self, instring, loc ):
+        exprsFound = True
+        while exprsFound:
+            exprsFound = False
+            for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+                try:
+                    while 1:
+                        loc,dummy = e._parse( instring, loc )
+                        exprsFound = True
+                except ParseException:
+                    pass
+        return loc
+
+    def preParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        if self.ignoreExprs:
+            loc = self._skipIgnorables( instring, loc )
+
+        if self.skipWhitespace:
+            wt = self.whiteChars
+            instrlen = len(instring)
+            while loc < instrlen and instring[loc] in wt:
+                loc += 1
+
+        return loc
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        return loc, []
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return tokenlist
+
+    #~ @profile
+    def _parseNoCache( self, instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True ):
+        debugging = ( self.debug ) #and doActions )
+
+        if debugging or self.failAction:
+            #~ print ("Match",self,"at loc",loc,"(%d,%d)" % ( lineno(loc,instring), col(loc,instring) ))
+            if (self.debugActions[0] ):
+                self.debugActions[0]( instring, loc, self )
+            if callPreParse and self.callPreparse:
+                preloc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+            else:
+                preloc = loc
+            tokensStart = preloc
+            try:
+                try:
+                    loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseException( instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self )
+            except ParseBaseException as err:
+                #~ print ("Exception raised:", err)
+                if self.debugActions[2]:
+                    self.debugActions[2]( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                if self.failAction:
+                    self.failAction( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                raise
+        else:
+            if callPreParse and self.callPreparse:
+                preloc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+            else:
+                preloc = loc
+            tokensStart = preloc
+            if self.mayIndexError or preloc >= len(instring):
+                try:
+                    loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseException( instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self )
+            else:
+                loc,tokens = self.parseImpl( instring, preloc, doActions )
+
+        tokens = self.postParse( instring, loc, tokens )
+
+        retTokens = ParseResults( tokens, self.resultsName, asList=self.saveAsList, modal=self.modalResults )
+        if self.parseAction and (doActions or self.callDuringTry):
+            if debugging:
+                try:
+                    for fn in self.parseAction:
+                        tokens = fn( instring, tokensStart, retTokens )
+                        if tokens is not None:
+                            retTokens = ParseResults( tokens,
+                                                      self.resultsName,
+                                                      asList=self.saveAsList and isinstance(tokens,(ParseResults,list)),
+                                                      modal=self.modalResults )
+                except ParseBaseException as err:
+                    #~ print "Exception raised in user parse action:", err
+                    if (self.debugActions[2] ):
+                        self.debugActions[2]( instring, tokensStart, self, err )
+                    raise
+            else:
+                for fn in self.parseAction:
+                    tokens = fn( instring, tokensStart, retTokens )
+                    if tokens is not None:
+                        retTokens = ParseResults( tokens,
+                                                  self.resultsName,
+                                                  asList=self.saveAsList and isinstance(tokens,(ParseResults,list)),
+                                                  modal=self.modalResults )
+        if debugging:
+            #~ print ("Matched",self,"->",retTokens.asList())
+            if (self.debugActions[1] ):
+                self.debugActions[1]( instring, tokensStart, loc, self, retTokens )
+
+        return loc, retTokens
+
+    def tryParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        try:
+            return self._parse( instring, loc, doActions=False )[0]
+        except ParseFatalException:
+            raise ParseException( instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+    
+    def canParseNext(self, instring, loc):
+        try:
+            self.tryParse(instring, loc)
+        except (ParseException, IndexError):
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    class _UnboundedCache(object):
+        def __init__(self):
+            cache = {}
+            self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+            def get(self, key):
+                return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+            def set(self, key, value):
+                cache[key] = value
+
+            def clear(self):
+                cache.clear()
+                
+            def cache_len(self):
+                return len(cache)
+
+            self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+            self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+            self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+            self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    if _OrderedDict is not None:
+        class _FifoCache(object):
+            def __init__(self, size):
+                self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+                cache = _OrderedDict()
+
+                def get(self, key):
+                    return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+                def set(self, key, value):
+                    cache[key] = value
+                    while len(cache) > size:
+                        try:
+                            cache.popitem(False)
+                        except KeyError:
+                            pass
+
+                def clear(self):
+                    cache.clear()
+
+                def cache_len(self):
+                    return len(cache)
+
+                self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+                self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+                self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+                self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    else:
+        class _FifoCache(object):
+            def __init__(self, size):
+                self.not_in_cache = not_in_cache = object()
+
+                cache = {}
+                key_fifo = collections.deque([], size)
+
+                def get(self, key):
+                    return cache.get(key, not_in_cache)
+
+                def set(self, key, value):
+                    cache[key] = value
+                    while len(key_fifo) > size:
+                        cache.pop(key_fifo.popleft(), None)
+                    key_fifo.append(key)
+
+                def clear(self):
+                    cache.clear()
+                    key_fifo.clear()
+
+                def cache_len(self):
+                    return len(cache)
+
+                self.get = types.MethodType(get, self)
+                self.set = types.MethodType(set, self)
+                self.clear = types.MethodType(clear, self)
+                self.__len__ = types.MethodType(cache_len, self)
+
+    # argument cache for optimizing repeated calls when backtracking through recursive expressions
+    packrat_cache = {} # this is set later by enabledPackrat(); this is here so that resetCache() doesn't fail
+    packrat_cache_lock = RLock()
+    packrat_cache_stats = [0, 0]
+
+    # this method gets repeatedly called during backtracking with the same arguments -
+    # we can cache these arguments and save ourselves the trouble of re-parsing the contained expression
+    def _parseCache( self, instring, loc, doActions=True, callPreParse=True ):
+        HIT, MISS = 0, 1
+        lookup = (self, instring, loc, callPreParse, doActions)
+        with ParserElement.packrat_cache_lock:
+            cache = ParserElement.packrat_cache
+            value = cache.get(lookup)
+            if value is cache.not_in_cache:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[MISS] += 1
+                try:
+                    value = self._parseNoCache(instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse)
+                except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                    # cache a copy of the exception, without the traceback
+                    cache.set(lookup, pe.__class__(*pe.args))
+                    raise
+                else:
+                    cache.set(lookup, (value[0], value[1].copy()))
+                    return value
+            else:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[HIT] += 1
+                if isinstance(value, Exception):
+                    raise value
+                return (value[0], value[1].copy())
+
+    _parse = _parseNoCache
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def resetCache():
+        ParserElement.packrat_cache.clear()
+        ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats[:] = [0] * len(ParserElement.packrat_cache_stats)
+
+    _packratEnabled = False
+    @staticmethod
+    def enablePackrat(cache_size_limit=128):
+        """Enables "packrat" parsing, which adds memoizing to the parsing logic.
+           Repeated parse attempts at the same string location (which happens
+           often in many complex grammars) can immediately return a cached value,
+           instead of re-executing parsing/validating code.  Memoizing is done of
+           both valid results and parsing exceptions.
+           
+           Parameters:
+            - cache_size_limit - (default=C{128}) - if an integer value is provided
+              will limit the size of the packrat cache; if None is passed, then
+              the cache size will be unbounded; if 0 is passed, the cache will
+              be effectively disabled.
+            
+           This speedup may break existing programs that use parse actions that
+           have side-effects.  For this reason, packrat parsing is disabled when
+           you first import pyparsing.  To activate the packrat feature, your
+           program must call the class method C{ParserElement.enablePackrat()}.  If
+           your program uses C{psyco} to "compile as you go", you must call
+           C{enablePackrat} before calling C{psyco.full()}.  If you do not do this,
+           Python will crash.  For best results, call C{enablePackrat()} immediately
+           after importing pyparsing.
+           
+           Example::
+               import pyparsing
+               pyparsing.ParserElement.enablePackrat()
+        """
+        if not ParserElement._packratEnabled:
+            ParserElement._packratEnabled = True
+            if cache_size_limit is None:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache = ParserElement._UnboundedCache()
+            else:
+                ParserElement.packrat_cache = ParserElement._FifoCache(cache_size_limit)
+            ParserElement._parse = ParserElement._parseCache
+
+    def parseString( self, instring, parseAll=False ):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression with the given string.
+        This is the main interface to the client code, once the complete
+        expression has been built.
+
+        If you want the grammar to require that the entire input string be
+        successfully parsed, then set C{parseAll} to True (equivalent to ending
+        the grammar with C{L{StringEnd()}}).
+
+        Note: C{parseString} implicitly calls C{expandtabs()} on the input string,
+        in order to report proper column numbers in parse actions.
+        If the input string contains tabs and
+        the grammar uses parse actions that use the C{loc} argument to index into the
+        string being parsed, you can ensure you have a consistent view of the input
+        string by:
+         - calling C{parseWithTabs} on your grammar before calling C{parseString}
+           (see L{I{parseWithTabs}<parseWithTabs>})
+         - define your parse action using the full C{(s,loc,toks)} signature, and
+           reference the input string using the parse action's C{s} argument
+         - explictly expand the tabs in your input string before calling
+           C{parseString}
+        
+        Example::
+            Word('a').parseString('aaaaabaaa')  # -> ['aaaaa']
+            Word('a').parseString('aaaaabaaa', parseAll=True)  # -> Exception: Expected end of text
+        """
+        ParserElement.resetCache()
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamline()
+            #~ self.saveAsList = True
+        for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+            e.streamline()
+        if not self.keepTabs:
+            instring = instring.expandtabs()
+        try:
+            loc, tokens = self._parse( instring, 0 )
+            if parseAll:
+                loc = self.preParse( instring, loc )
+                se = Empty() + StringEnd()
+                se._parse( instring, loc )
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+        else:
+            return tokens
+
+    def scanString( self, instring, maxMatches=_MAX_INT, overlap=False ):
+        """
+        Scan the input string for expression matches.  Each match will return the
+        matching tokens, start location, and end location.  May be called with optional
+        C{maxMatches} argument, to clip scanning after 'n' matches are found.  If
+        C{overlap} is specified, then overlapping matches will be reported.
+
+        Note that the start and end locations are reported relative to the string
+        being parsed.  See L{I{parseString}<parseString>} for more information on parsing
+        strings with embedded tabs.
+
+        Example::
+            source = "sldjf123lsdjjkf345sldkjf879lkjsfd987"
+            print(source)
+            for tokens,start,end in Word(alphas).scanString(source):
+                print(' '*start + '^'*(end-start))
+                print(' '*start + tokens[0])
+        
+        prints::
+        
+            sldjf123lsdjjkf345sldkjf879lkjsfd987
+            ^^^^^
+            sldjf
+                    ^^^^^^^
+                    lsdjjkf
+                              ^^^^^^
+                              sldkjf
+                                       ^^^^^^
+                                       lkjsfd
+        """
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamline()
+        for e in self.ignoreExprs:
+            e.streamline()
+
+        if not self.keepTabs:
+            instring = _ustr(instring).expandtabs()
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        loc = 0
+        preparseFn = self.preParse
+        parseFn = self._parse
+        ParserElement.resetCache()
+        matches = 0
+        try:
+            while loc <= instrlen and matches < maxMatches:
+                try:
+                    preloc = preparseFn( instring, loc )
+                    nextLoc,tokens = parseFn( instring, preloc, callPreParse=False )
+                except ParseException:
+                    loc = preloc+1
+                else:
+                    if nextLoc > loc:
+                        matches += 1
+                        yield tokens, preloc, nextLoc
+                        if overlap:
+                            nextloc = preparseFn( instring, loc )
+                            if nextloc > loc:
+                                loc = nextLoc
+                            else:
+                                loc += 1
+                        else:
+                            loc = nextLoc
+                    else:
+                        loc = preloc+1
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def transformString( self, instring ):
+        """
+        Extension to C{L{scanString}}, to modify matching text with modified tokens that may
+        be returned from a parse action.  To use C{transformString}, define a grammar and
+        attach a parse action to it that modifies the returned token list.
+        Invoking C{transformString()} on a target string will then scan for matches,
+        and replace the matched text patterns according to the logic in the parse
+        action.  C{transformString()} returns the resulting transformed string.
+        
+        Example::
+            wd = Word(alphas)
+            wd.setParseAction(lambda toks: toks[0].title())
+            
+            print(wd.transformString("now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york."))
+        Prints::
+            Now Is The Winter Of Our Discontent Made Glorious Summer By This Sun Of York.
+        """
+        out = []
+        lastE = 0
+        # force preservation of <TAB>s, to minimize unwanted transformation of string, and to
+        # keep string locs straight between transformString and scanString
+        self.keepTabs = True
+        try:
+            for t,s,e in self.scanString( instring ):
+                out.append( instring[lastE:s] )
+                if t:
+                    if isinstance(t,ParseResults):
+                        out += t.asList()
+                    elif isinstance(t,list):
+                        out += t
+                    else:
+                        out.append(t)
+                lastE = e
+            out.append(instring[lastE:])
+            out = [o for o in out if o]
+            return "".join(map(_ustr,_flatten(out)))
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def searchString( self, instring, maxMatches=_MAX_INT ):
+        """
+        Another extension to C{L{scanString}}, simplifying the access to the tokens found
+        to match the given parse expression.  May be called with optional
+        C{maxMatches} argument, to clip searching after 'n' matches are found.
+        
+        Example::
+            # a capitalized word starts with an uppercase letter, followed by zero or more lowercase letters
+            cap_word = Word(alphas.upper(), alphas.lower())
+            
+            print(cap_word.searchString("More than Iron, more than Lead, more than Gold I need Electricity"))
+
+            # the sum() builtin can be used to merge results into a single ParseResults object
+            print(sum(cap_word.searchString("More than Iron, more than Lead, more than Gold I need Electricity")))
+        prints::
+            [['More'], ['Iron'], ['Lead'], ['Gold'], ['I'], ['Electricity']]
+            ['More', 'Iron', 'Lead', 'Gold', 'I', 'Electricity']
+        """
+        try:
+            return ParseResults([ t for t,s,e in self.scanString( instring, maxMatches ) ])
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def split(self, instring, maxsplit=_MAX_INT, includeSeparators=False):
+        """
+        Generator method to split a string using the given expression as a separator.
+        May be called with optional C{maxsplit} argument, to limit the number of splits;
+        and the optional C{includeSeparators} argument (default=C{False}), if the separating
+        matching text should be included in the split results.
+        
+        Example::        
+            punc = oneOf(list(".,;:/-!?"))
+            print(list(punc.split("This, this?, this sentence, is badly punctuated!")))
+        prints::
+            ['This', ' this', '', ' this sentence', ' is badly punctuated', '']
+        """
+        splits = 0
+        last = 0
+        for t,s,e in self.scanString(instring, maxMatches=maxsplit):
+            yield instring[last:s]
+            if includeSeparators:
+                yield t[0]
+            last = e
+        yield instring[last:]
+
+    def __add__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of + operator - returns C{L{And}}. Adding strings to a ParserElement
+        converts them to L{Literal}s by default.
+        
+        Example::
+            greet = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + "!"
+            hello = "Hello, World!"
+            print (hello, "->", greet.parseString(hello))
+        Prints::
+            Hello, World! -> ['Hello', ',', 'World', '!']
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return And( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __radd__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of + operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other + self
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        """
+        Implementation of - operator, returns C{L{And}} with error stop
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return self + And._ErrorStop() + other
+
+    def __rsub__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of - operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other - self
+
+    def __mul__(self,other):
+        """
+        Implementation of * operator, allows use of C{expr * 3} in place of
+        C{expr + expr + expr}.  Expressions may also me multiplied by a 2-integer
+        tuple, similar to C{{min,max}} multipliers in regular expressions.  Tuples
+        may also include C{None} as in:
+         - C{expr*(n,None)} or C{expr*(n,)} is equivalent
+              to C{expr*n + L{ZeroOrMore}(expr)}
+              (read as "at least n instances of C{expr}")
+         - C{expr*(None,n)} is equivalent to C{expr*(0,n)}
+              (read as "0 to n instances of C{expr}")
+         - C{expr*(None,None)} is equivalent to C{L{ZeroOrMore}(expr)}
+         - C{expr*(1,None)} is equivalent to C{L{OneOrMore}(expr)}
+
+        Note that C{expr*(None,n)} does not raise an exception if
+        more than n exprs exist in the input stream; that is,
+        C{expr*(None,n)} does not enforce a maximum number of expr
+        occurrences.  If this behavior is desired, then write
+        C{expr*(None,n) + ~expr}
+        """
+        if isinstance(other,int):
+            minElements, optElements = other,0
+        elif isinstance(other,tuple):
+            other = (other + (None, None))[:2]
+            if other[0] is None:
+                other = (0, other[1])
+            if isinstance(other[0],int) and other[1] is None:
+                if other[0] == 0:
+                    return ZeroOrMore(self)
+                if other[0] == 1:
+                    return OneOrMore(self)
+                else:
+                    return self*other[0] + ZeroOrMore(self)
+            elif isinstance(other[0],int) and isinstance(other[1],int):
+                minElements, optElements = other
+                optElements -= minElements
+            else:
+                raise TypeError("cannot multiply 'ParserElement' and ('%s','%s') objects", type(other[0]),type(other[1]))
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("cannot multiply 'ParserElement' and '%s' objects", type(other))
+
+        if minElements < 0:
+            raise ValueError("cannot multiply ParserElement by negative value")
+        if optElements < 0:
+            raise ValueError("second tuple value must be greater or equal to first tuple value")
+        if minElements == optElements == 0:
+            raise ValueError("cannot multiply ParserElement by 0 or (0,0)")
+
+        if (optElements):
+            def makeOptionalList(n):
+                if n>1:
+                    return Optional(self + makeOptionalList(n-1))
+                else:
+                    return Optional(self)
+            if minElements:
+                if minElements == 1:
+                    ret = self + makeOptionalList(optElements)
+                else:
+                    ret = And([self]*minElements) + makeOptionalList(optElements)
+            else:
+                ret = makeOptionalList(optElements)
+        else:
+            if minElements == 1:
+                ret = self
+            else:
+                ret = And([self]*minElements)
+        return ret
+
+    def __rmul__(self, other):
+        return self.__mul__(other)
+
+    def __or__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of | operator - returns C{L{MatchFirst}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return MatchFirst( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __ror__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of | operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other | self
+
+    def __xor__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ^ operator - returns C{L{Or}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return Or( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __rxor__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ^ operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other ^ self
+
+    def __and__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of & operator - returns C{L{Each}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return Each( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __rand__(self, other ):
+        """
+        Implementation of & operator when left operand is not a C{L{ParserElement}}
+        """
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        if not isinstance( other, ParserElement ):
+            warnings.warn("Cannot combine element of type %s with ParserElement" % type(other),
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return None
+        return other & self
+
+    def __invert__( self ):
+        """
+        Implementation of ~ operator - returns C{L{NotAny}}
+        """
+        return NotAny( self )
+
+    def __call__(self, name=None):
+        """
+        Shortcut for C{L{setResultsName}}, with C{listAllMatches=False}.
+        
+        If C{name} is given with a trailing C{'*'} character, then C{listAllMatches} will be
+        passed as C{True}.
+           
+        If C{name} is omitted, same as calling C{L{copy}}.
+
+        Example::
+            # these are equivalent
+            userdata = Word(alphas).setResultsName("name") + Word(nums+"-").setResultsName("socsecno")
+            userdata = Word(alphas)("name") + Word(nums+"-")("socsecno")             
+        """
+        if name is not None:
+            return self.setResultsName(name)
+        else:
+            return self.copy()
+
+    def suppress( self ):
+        """
+        Suppresses the output of this C{ParserElement}; useful to keep punctuation from
+        cluttering up returned output.
+        """
+        return Suppress( self )
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        """
+        Disables the skipping of whitespace before matching the characters in the
+        C{ParserElement}'s defined pattern.  This is normally only used internally by
+        the pyparsing module, but may be needed in some whitespace-sensitive grammars.
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        return self
+
+    def setWhitespaceChars( self, chars ):
+        """
+        Overrides the default whitespace chars
+        """
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.whiteChars = chars
+        self.copyDefaultWhiteChars = False
+        return self
+
+    def parseWithTabs( self ):
+        """
+        Overrides default behavior to expand C{<TAB>}s to spaces before parsing the input string.
+        Must be called before C{parseString} when the input grammar contains elements that
+        match C{<TAB>} characters.
+        """
+        self.keepTabs = True
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        """
+        Define expression to be ignored (e.g., comments) while doing pattern
+        matching; may be called repeatedly, to define multiple comment or other
+        ignorable patterns.
+        
+        Example::
+            patt = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+            patt.parseString('ablaj /* comment */ lskjd') # -> ['ablaj']
+            
+            patt.ignore(cStyleComment)
+            patt.parseString('ablaj /* comment */ lskjd') # -> ['ablaj', 'lskjd']
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, basestring):
+            other = Suppress(other)
+
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                self.ignoreExprs.append(other)
+        else:
+            self.ignoreExprs.append( Suppress( other.copy() ) )
+        return self
+
+    def setDebugActions( self, startAction, successAction, exceptionAction ):
+        """
+        Enable display of debugging messages while doing pattern matching.
+        """
+        self.debugActions = (startAction or _defaultStartDebugAction,
+                             successAction or _defaultSuccessDebugAction,
+                             exceptionAction or _defaultExceptionDebugAction)
+        self.debug = True
+        return self
+
+    def setDebug( self, flag=True ):
+        """
+        Enable display of debugging messages while doing pattern matching.
+        Set C{flag} to True to enable, False to disable.
+
+        Example::
+            wd = Word(alphas).setName("alphaword")
+            integer = Word(nums).setName("numword")
+            term = wd | integer
+            
+            # turn on debugging for wd
+            wd.setDebug()
+
+            OneOrMore(term).parseString("abc 123 xyz 890")
+        
+        prints::
+            Match alphaword at loc 0(1,1)
+            Matched alphaword -> ['abc']
+            Match alphaword at loc 3(1,4)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 4), (line:1, col:5)
+            Match alphaword at loc 7(1,8)
+            Matched alphaword -> ['xyz']
+            Match alphaword at loc 11(1,12)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 12), (line:1, col:13)
+            Match alphaword at loc 15(1,16)
+            Exception raised:Expected alphaword (at char 15), (line:1, col:16)
+
+        The output shown is that produced by the default debug actions - custom debug actions can be
+        specified using L{setDebugActions}. Prior to attempting
+        to match the C{wd} expression, the debugging message C{"Match <exprname> at loc <n>(<line>,<col>)"}
+        is shown. Then if the parse succeeds, a C{"Matched"} message is shown, or an C{"Exception raised"}
+        message is shown. Also note the use of L{setName} to assign a human-readable name to the expression,
+        which makes debugging and exception messages easier to understand - for instance, the default
+        name created for the C{Word} expression without calling C{setName} is C{"W:(ABCD...)"}.
+        """
+        if flag:
+            self.setDebugActions( _defaultStartDebugAction, _defaultSuccessDebugAction, _defaultExceptionDebugAction )
+        else:
+            self.debug = False
+        return self
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return self.name
+
+    def __repr__( self ):
+        return _ustr(self)
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        self.streamlined = True
+        self.strRepr = None
+        return self
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        pass
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        """
+        Check defined expressions for valid structure, check for infinite recursive definitions.
+        """
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+
+    def parseFile( self, file_or_filename, parseAll=False ):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression on the given file or filename.
+        If a filename is specified (instead of a file object),
+        the entire file is opened, read, and closed before parsing.
+        """
+        try:
+            file_contents = file_or_filename.read()
+        except AttributeError:
+            with open(file_or_filename, "r") as f:
+                file_contents = f.read()
+        try:
+            return self.parseString(file_contents, parseAll)
+        except ParseBaseException as exc:
+            if ParserElement.verbose_stacktrace:
+                raise
+            else:
+                # catch and re-raise exception from here, clears out pyparsing internal stack trace
+                raise exc
+
+    def __eq__(self,other):
+        if isinstance(other, ParserElement):
+            return self is other or vars(self) == vars(other)
+        elif isinstance(other, basestring):
+            return self.matches(other)
+        else:
+            return super(ParserElement,self)==other
+
+    def __ne__(self,other):
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(id(self))
+
+    def __req__(self,other):
+        return self == other
+
+    def __rne__(self,other):
+        return not (self == other)
+
+    def matches(self, testString, parseAll=True):
+        """
+        Method for quick testing of a parser against a test string. Good for simple 
+        inline microtests of sub expressions while building up larger parser.
+           
+        Parameters:
+         - testString - to test against this expression for a match
+         - parseAll - (default=C{True}) - flag to pass to C{L{parseString}} when running tests
+            
+        Example::
+            expr = Word(nums)
+            assert expr.matches("100")
+        """
+        try:
+            self.parseString(_ustr(testString), parseAll=parseAll)
+            return True
+        except ParseBaseException:
+            return False
+                
+    def runTests(self, tests, parseAll=True, comment='#', fullDump=True, printResults=True, failureTests=False):
+        """
+        Execute the parse expression on a series of test strings, showing each
+        test, the parsed results or where the parse failed. Quick and easy way to
+        run a parse expression against a list of sample strings.
+           
+        Parameters:
+         - tests - a list of separate test strings, or a multiline string of test strings
+         - parseAll - (default=C{True}) - flag to pass to C{L{parseString}} when running tests           
+         - comment - (default=C{'#'}) - expression for indicating embedded comments in the test 
+              string; pass None to disable comment filtering
+         - fullDump - (default=C{True}) - dump results as list followed by results names in nested outline;
+              if False, only dump nested list
+         - printResults - (default=C{True}) prints test output to stdout
+         - failureTests - (default=C{False}) indicates if these tests are expected to fail parsing
+
+        Returns: a (success, results) tuple, where success indicates that all tests succeeded
+        (or failed if C{failureTests} is True), and the results contain a list of lines of each 
+        test's output
+        
+        Example::
+            number_expr = pyparsing_common.number.copy()
+
+            result = number_expr.runTests('''
+                # unsigned integer
+                100
+                # negative integer
+                -100
+                # float with scientific notation
+                6.02e23
+                # integer with scientific notation
+                1e-12
+                ''')
+            print("Success" if result[0] else "Failed!")
+
+            result = number_expr.runTests('''
+                # stray character
+                100Z
+                # missing leading digit before '.'
+                -.100
+                # too many '.'
+                3.14.159
+                ''', failureTests=True)
+            print("Success" if result[0] else "Failed!")
+        prints::
+            # unsigned integer
+            100
+            [100]
+
+            # negative integer
+            -100
+            [-100]
+
+            # float with scientific notation
+            6.02e23
+            [6.02e+23]
+
+            # integer with scientific notation
+            1e-12
+            [1e-12]
+
+            Success
+            
+            # stray character
+            100Z
+               ^
+            FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 3), (line:1, col:4)
+
+            # missing leading digit before '.'
+            -.100
+            ^
+            FAIL: Expected {real number with scientific notation | real number | signed integer} (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+
+            # too many '.'
+            3.14.159
+                ^
+            FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 4), (line:1, col:5)
+
+            Success
+
+        Each test string must be on a single line. If you want to test a string that spans multiple
+        lines, create a test like this::
+
+            expr.runTest(r"this is a test\\n of strings that spans \\n 3 lines")
+        
+        (Note that this is a raw string literal, you must include the leading 'r'.)
+        """
+        if isinstance(tests, basestring):
+            tests = list(map(str.strip, tests.rstrip().splitlines()))
+        if isinstance(comment, basestring):
+            comment = Literal(comment)
+        allResults = []
+        comments = []
+        success = True
+        for t in tests:
+            if comment is not None and comment.matches(t, False) or comments and not t:
+                comments.append(t)
+                continue
+            if not t:
+                continue
+            out = ['\n'.join(comments), t]
+            comments = []
+            try:
+                t = t.replace(r'\n','\n')
+                result = self.parseString(t, parseAll=parseAll)
+                out.append(result.dump(full=fullDump))
+                success = success and not failureTests
+            except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                fatal = "(FATAL)" if isinstance(pe, ParseFatalException) else ""
+                if '\n' in t:
+                    out.append(line(pe.loc, t))
+                    out.append(' '*(col(pe.loc,t)-1) + '^' + fatal)
+                else:
+                    out.append(' '*pe.loc + '^' + fatal)
+                out.append("FAIL: " + str(pe))
+                success = success and failureTests
+                result = pe
+            except Exception as exc:
+                out.append("FAIL-EXCEPTION: " + str(exc))
+                success = success and failureTests
+                result = exc
+
+            if printResults:
+                if fullDump:
+                    out.append('')
+                print('\n'.join(out))
+
+            allResults.append((t, result))
+        
+        return success, allResults
+
+        
+class Token(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract C{ParserElement} subclass, for defining atomic matching patterns.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(Token,self).__init__( savelist=False )
+
+
+class Empty(Token):
+    """
+    An empty token, will always match.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(Empty,self).__init__()
+        self.name = "Empty"
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+
+class NoMatch(Token):
+    """
+    A token that will never match.
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(NoMatch,self).__init__()
+        self.name = "NoMatch"
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.errmsg = "Unmatchable token"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class Literal(Token):
+    """
+    Token to exactly match a specified string.
+    
+    Example::
+        Literal('blah').parseString('blah')  # -> ['blah']
+        Literal('blah').parseString('blahfooblah')  # -> ['blah']
+        Literal('blah').parseString('bla')  # -> Exception: Expected "blah"
+    
+    For case-insensitive matching, use L{CaselessLiteral}.
+    
+    For keyword matching (force word break before and after the matched string),
+    use L{Keyword} or L{CaselessKeyword}.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString ):
+        super(Literal,self).__init__()
+        self.match = matchString
+        self.matchLen = len(matchString)
+        try:
+            self.firstMatchChar = matchString[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            warnings.warn("null string passed to Literal; use Empty() instead",
+                            SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            self.__class__ = Empty
+        self.name = '"%s"' % _ustr(self.match)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+    # Performance tuning: this routine gets called a *lot*
+    # if this is a single character match string  and the first character matches,
+    # short-circuit as quickly as possible, and avoid calling startswith
+    #~ @profile
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if (instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar and
+            (self.matchLen==1 or instring.startswith(self.match,loc)) ):
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+_L = Literal
+ParserElement._literalStringClass = Literal
+
+class Keyword(Token):
+    """
+    Token to exactly match a specified string as a keyword, that is, it must be
+    immediately followed by a non-keyword character.  Compare with C{L{Literal}}:
+     - C{Literal("if")} will match the leading C{'if'} in C{'ifAndOnlyIf'}.
+     - C{Keyword("if")} will not; it will only match the leading C{'if'} in C{'if x=1'}, or C{'if(y==2)'}
+    Accepts two optional constructor arguments in addition to the keyword string:
+     - C{identChars} is a string of characters that would be valid identifier characters,
+          defaulting to all alphanumerics + "_" and "$"
+     - C{caseless} allows case-insensitive matching, default is C{False}.
+       
+    Example::
+        Keyword("start").parseString("start")  # -> ['start']
+        Keyword("start").parseString("starting")  # -> Exception
+
+    For case-insensitive matching, use L{CaselessKeyword}.
+    """
+    DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = alphanums+"_$"
+
+    def __init__( self, matchString, identChars=None, caseless=False ):
+        super(Keyword,self).__init__()
+        if identChars is None:
+            identChars = Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS
+        self.match = matchString
+        self.matchLen = len(matchString)
+        try:
+            self.firstMatchChar = matchString[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            warnings.warn("null string passed to Keyword; use Empty() instead",
+                            SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        self.name = '"%s"' % self.match
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.caseless = caseless
+        if caseless:
+            self.caselessmatch = matchString.upper()
+            identChars = identChars.upper()
+        self.identChars = set(identChars)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.caseless:
+            if ( (instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.caselessmatch) and
+                 (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen].upper() not in self.identChars) and
+                 (loc == 0 or instring[loc-1].upper() not in self.identChars) ):
+                return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        else:
+            if (instring[loc] == self.firstMatchChar and
+                (self.matchLen==1 or instring.startswith(self.match,loc)) and
+                (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen] not in self.identChars) and
+                (loc == 0 or instring[loc-1] not in self.identChars) ):
+                return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        c = super(Keyword,self).copy()
+        c.identChars = Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS
+        return c
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def setDefaultKeywordChars( chars ):
+        """Overrides the default Keyword chars
+        """
+        Keyword.DEFAULT_KEYWORD_CHARS = chars
+
+class CaselessLiteral(Literal):
+    """
+    Token to match a specified string, ignoring case of letters.
+    Note: the matched results will always be in the case of the given
+    match string, NOT the case of the input text.
+
+    Example::
+        OneOrMore(CaselessLiteral("CMD")).parseString("cmd CMD Cmd10") # -> ['CMD', 'CMD', 'CMD']
+        
+    (Contrast with example for L{CaselessKeyword}.)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString ):
+        super(CaselessLiteral,self).__init__( matchString.upper() )
+        # Preserve the defining literal.
+        self.returnString = matchString
+        self.name = "'%s'" % self.returnString
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.match:
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.returnString
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class CaselessKeyword(Keyword):
+    """
+    Caseless version of L{Keyword}.
+
+    Example::
+        OneOrMore(CaselessKeyword("CMD")).parseString("cmd CMD Cmd10") # -> ['CMD', 'CMD']
+        
+    (Contrast with example for L{CaselessLiteral}.)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, matchString, identChars=None ):
+        super(CaselessKeyword,self).__init__( matchString, identChars, caseless=True )
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if ( (instring[ loc:loc+self.matchLen ].upper() == self.caselessmatch) and
+             (loc >= len(instring)-self.matchLen or instring[loc+self.matchLen].upper() not in self.identChars) ):
+            return loc+self.matchLen, self.match
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class CloseMatch(Token):
+    """
+    A variation on L{Literal} which matches "close" matches, that is, 
+    strings with at most 'n' mismatching characters. C{CloseMatch} takes parameters:
+     - C{match_string} - string to be matched
+     - C{maxMismatches} - (C{default=1}) maximum number of mismatches allowed to count as a match
+    
+    The results from a successful parse will contain the matched text from the input string and the following named results:
+     - C{mismatches} - a list of the positions within the match_string where mismatches were found
+     - C{original} - the original match_string used to compare against the input string
+    
+    If C{mismatches} is an empty list, then the match was an exact match.
+    
+    Example::
+        patt = CloseMatch("ATCATCGAATGGA")
+        patt.parseString("ATCATCGAAXGGA") # -> (['ATCATCGAAXGGA'], {'mismatches': [[9]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+        patt.parseString("ATCAXCGAAXGGA") # -> Exception: Expected 'ATCATCGAATGGA' (with up to 1 mismatches) (at char 0), (line:1, col:1)
+
+        # exact match
+        patt.parseString("ATCATCGAATGGA") # -> (['ATCATCGAATGGA'], {'mismatches': [[]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+
+        # close match allowing up to 2 mismatches
+        patt = CloseMatch("ATCATCGAATGGA", maxMismatches=2)
+        patt.parseString("ATCAXCGAAXGGA") # -> (['ATCAXCGAAXGGA'], {'mismatches': [[4, 9]], 'original': ['ATCATCGAATGGA']})
+    """
+    def __init__(self, match_string, maxMismatches=1):
+        super(CloseMatch,self).__init__()
+        self.name = match_string
+        self.match_string = match_string
+        self.maxMismatches = maxMismatches
+        self.errmsg = "Expected %r (with up to %d mismatches)" % (self.match_string, self.maxMismatches)
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = False
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        start = loc
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        maxloc = start + len(self.match_string)
+
+        if maxloc <= instrlen:
+            match_string = self.match_string
+            match_stringloc = 0
+            mismatches = []
+            maxMismatches = self.maxMismatches
+
+            for match_stringloc,s_m in enumerate(zip(instring[loc:maxloc], self.match_string)):
+                src,mat = s_m
+                if src != mat:
+                    mismatches.append(match_stringloc)
+                    if len(mismatches) > maxMismatches:
+                        break
+            else:
+                loc = match_stringloc + 1
+                results = ParseResults([instring[start:loc]])
+                results['original'] = self.match_string
+                results['mismatches'] = mismatches
+                return loc, results
+
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+
+class Word(Token):
+    """
+    Token for matching words composed of allowed character sets.
+    Defined with string containing all allowed initial characters,
+    an optional string containing allowed body characters (if omitted,
+    defaults to the initial character set), and an optional minimum,
+    maximum, and/or exact length.  The default value for C{min} is 1 (a
+    minimum value < 1 is not valid); the default values for C{max} and C{exact}
+    are 0, meaning no maximum or exact length restriction. An optional
+    C{excludeChars} parameter can list characters that might be found in 
+    the input C{bodyChars} string; useful to define a word of all printables
+    except for one or two characters, for instance.
+    
+    L{srange} is useful for defining custom character set strings for defining 
+    C{Word} expressions, using range notation from regular expression character sets.
+    
+    A common mistake is to use C{Word} to match a specific literal string, as in 
+    C{Word("Address")}. Remember that C{Word} uses the string argument to define
+    I{sets} of matchable characters. This expression would match "Add", "AAA",
+    "dAred", or any other word made up of the characters 'A', 'd', 'r', 'e', and 's'.
+    To match an exact literal string, use L{Literal} or L{Keyword}.
+
+    pyparsing includes helper strings for building Words:
+     - L{alphas}
+     - L{nums}
+     - L{alphanums}
+     - L{hexnums}
+     - L{alphas8bit} (alphabetic characters in ASCII range 128-255 - accented, tilded, umlauted, etc.)
+     - L{punc8bit} (non-alphabetic characters in ASCII range 128-255 - currency, symbols, superscripts, diacriticals, etc.)
+     - L{printables} (any non-whitespace character)
+
+    Example::
+        # a word composed of digits
+        integer = Word(nums) # equivalent to Word("0123456789") or Word(srange("0-9"))
+        
+        # a word with a leading capital, and zero or more lowercase
+        capital_word = Word(alphas.upper(), alphas.lower())
+
+        # hostnames are alphanumeric, with leading alpha, and '-'
+        hostname = Word(alphas, alphanums+'-')
+        
+        # roman numeral (not a strict parser, accepts invalid mix of characters)
+        roman = Word("IVXLCDM")
+        
+        # any string of non-whitespace characters, except for ','
+        csv_value = Word(printables, excludeChars=",")
+    """
+    def __init__( self, initChars, bodyChars=None, min=1, max=0, exact=0, asKeyword=False, excludeChars=None ):
+        super(Word,self).__init__()
+        if excludeChars:
+            initChars = ''.join(c for c in initChars if c not in excludeChars)
+            if bodyChars:
+                bodyChars = ''.join(c for c in bodyChars if c not in excludeChars)
+        self.initCharsOrig = initChars
+        self.initChars = set(initChars)
+        if bodyChars :
+            self.bodyCharsOrig = bodyChars
+            self.bodyChars = set(bodyChars)
+        else:
+            self.bodyCharsOrig = initChars
+            self.bodyChars = set(initChars)
+
+        self.maxSpecified = max > 0
+
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError("cannot specify a minimum length < 1; use Optional(Word()) if zero-length word is permitted")
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.asKeyword = asKeyword
+
+        if ' ' not in self.initCharsOrig+self.bodyCharsOrig and (min==1 and max==0 and exact==0):
+            if self.bodyCharsOrig == self.initCharsOrig:
+                self.reString = "[%s]+" % _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.initCharsOrig)
+            elif len(self.initCharsOrig) == 1:
+                self.reString = "%s[%s]*" % \
+                                      (re.escape(self.initCharsOrig),
+                                      _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.bodyCharsOrig),)
+            else:
+                self.reString = "[%s][%s]*" % \
+                                      (_escapeRegexRangeChars(self.initCharsOrig),
+                                      _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.bodyCharsOrig),)
+            if self.asKeyword:
+                self.reString = r"\b"+self.reString+r"\b"
+            try:
+                self.re = re.compile( self.reString )
+            except Exception:
+                self.re = None
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.re:
+            result = self.re.match(instring,loc)
+            if not result:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+            loc = result.end()
+            return loc, result.group()
+
+        if not(instring[ loc ] in self.initChars):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        bodychars = self.bodyChars
+        maxloc = start + self.maxLen
+        maxloc = min( maxloc, instrlen )
+        while loc < maxloc and instring[loc] in bodychars:
+            loc += 1
+
+        throwException = False
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            throwException = True
+        if self.maxSpecified and loc < instrlen and instring[loc] in bodychars:
+            throwException = True
+        if self.asKeyword:
+            if (start>0 and instring[start-1] in bodychars) or (loc<instrlen and instring[loc] in bodychars):
+                throwException = True
+
+        if throwException:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(Word,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+
+            def charsAsStr(s):
+                if len(s)>4:
+                    return s[:4]+"..."
+                else:
+                    return s
+
+            if ( self.initCharsOrig != self.bodyCharsOrig ):
+                self.strRepr = "W:(%s,%s)" % ( charsAsStr(self.initCharsOrig), charsAsStr(self.bodyCharsOrig) )
+            else:
+                self.strRepr = "W:(%s)" % charsAsStr(self.initCharsOrig)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class Regex(Token):
+    r"""
+    Token for matching strings that match a given regular expression.
+    Defined with string specifying the regular expression in a form recognized by the inbuilt Python re module.
+    If the given regex contains named groups (defined using C{(?P<name>...)}), these will be preserved as 
+    named parse results.
+
+    Example::
+        realnum = Regex(r"[+-]?\d+\.\d*")
+        date = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d\d?)-(?P<day>\d\d?)')
+        # ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/267399/how-do-you-match-only-valid-roman-numerals-with-a-regular-expression
+        roman = Regex(r"M{0,4}(CM|CD|D?C{0,3})(XC|XL|L?X{0,3})(IX|IV|V?I{0,3})")
+    """
+    compiledREtype = type(re.compile("[A-Z]"))
+    def __init__( self, pattern, flags=0):
+        """The parameters C{pattern} and C{flags} are passed to the C{re.compile()} function as-is. See the Python C{re} module for an explanation of the acceptable patterns and flags."""
+        super(Regex,self).__init__()
+
+        if isinstance(pattern, basestring):
+            if not pattern:
+                warnings.warn("null string passed to Regex; use Empty() instead",
+                        SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+            self.pattern = pattern
+            self.flags = flags
+
+            try:
+                self.re = re.compile(self.pattern, self.flags)
+                self.reString = self.pattern
+            except sre_constants.error:
+                warnings.warn("invalid pattern (%s) passed to Regex" % pattern,
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+                raise
+
+        elif isinstance(pattern, Regex.compiledREtype):
+            self.re = pattern
+            self.pattern = \
+            self.reString = str(pattern)
+            self.flags = flags
+            
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Regex may only be constructed with a string or a compiled RE object")
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        result = self.re.match(instring,loc)
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        d = result.groupdict()
+        ret = ParseResults(result.group())
+        if d:
+            for k in d:
+                ret[k] = d[k]
+        return loc,ret
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(Regex,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "Re:(%s)" % repr(self.pattern)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class QuotedString(Token):
+    r"""
+    Token for matching strings that are delimited by quoting characters.
+    
+    Defined with the following parameters:
+        - quoteChar - string of one or more characters defining the quote delimiting string
+        - escChar - character to escape quotes, typically backslash (default=C{None})
+        - escQuote - special quote sequence to escape an embedded quote string (such as SQL's "" to escape an embedded ") (default=C{None})
+        - multiline - boolean indicating whether quotes can span multiple lines (default=C{False})
+        - unquoteResults - boolean indicating whether the matched text should be unquoted (default=C{True})
+        - endQuoteChar - string of one or more characters defining the end of the quote delimited string (default=C{None} => same as quoteChar)
+        - convertWhitespaceEscapes - convert escaped whitespace (C{'\t'}, C{'\n'}, etc.) to actual whitespace (default=C{True})
+
+    Example::
+        qs = QuotedString('"')
+        print(qs.searchString('lsjdf "This is the quote" sldjf'))
+        complex_qs = QuotedString('{{', endQuoteChar='}}')
+        print(complex_qs.searchString('lsjdf {{This is the "quote"}} sldjf'))
+        sql_qs = QuotedString('"', escQuote='""')
+        print(sql_qs.searchString('lsjdf "This is the quote with ""embedded"" quotes" sldjf'))
+    prints::
+        [['This is the quote']]
+        [['This is the "quote"']]
+        [['This is the quote with "embedded" quotes']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, quoteChar, escChar=None, escQuote=None, multiline=False, unquoteResults=True, endQuoteChar=None, convertWhitespaceEscapes=True):
+        super(QuotedString,self).__init__()
+
+        # remove white space from quote chars - wont work anyway
+        quoteChar = quoteChar.strip()
+        if not quoteChar:
+            warnings.warn("quoteChar cannot be the empty string",SyntaxWarning,stacklevel=2)
+            raise SyntaxError()
+
+        if endQuoteChar is None:
+            endQuoteChar = quoteChar
+        else:
+            endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar.strip()
+            if not endQuoteChar:
+                warnings.warn("endQuoteChar cannot be the empty string",SyntaxWarning,stacklevel=2)
+                raise SyntaxError()
+
+        self.quoteChar = quoteChar
+        self.quoteCharLen = len(quoteChar)
+        self.firstQuoteChar = quoteChar[0]
+        self.endQuoteChar = endQuoteChar
+        self.endQuoteCharLen = len(endQuoteChar)
+        self.escChar = escChar
+        self.escQuote = escQuote
+        self.unquoteResults = unquoteResults
+        self.convertWhitespaceEscapes = convertWhitespaceEscapes
+
+        if multiline:
+            self.flags = re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL
+            self.pattern = r'%s(?:[^%s%s]' % \
+                ( re.escape(self.quoteChar),
+                  _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[0]),
+                  (escChar is not None and _escapeRegexRangeChars(escChar) or '') )
+        else:
+            self.flags = 0
+            self.pattern = r'%s(?:[^%s\n\r%s]' % \
+                ( re.escape(self.quoteChar),
+                  _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[0]),
+                  (escChar is not None and _escapeRegexRangeChars(escChar) or '') )
+        if len(self.endQuoteChar) > 1:
+            self.pattern += (
+                '|(?:' + ')|(?:'.join("%s[^%s]" % (re.escape(self.endQuoteChar[:i]),
+                                               _escapeRegexRangeChars(self.endQuoteChar[i]))
+                                    for i in range(len(self.endQuoteChar)-1,0,-1)) + ')'
+                )
+        if escQuote:
+            self.pattern += (r'|(?:%s)' % re.escape(escQuote))
+        if escChar:
+            self.pattern += (r'|(?:%s.)' % re.escape(escChar))
+            self.escCharReplacePattern = re.escape(self.escChar)+"(.)"
+        self.pattern += (r')*%s' % re.escape(self.endQuoteChar))
+
+        try:
+            self.re = re.compile(self.pattern, self.flags)
+            self.reString = self.pattern
+        except sre_constants.error:
+            warnings.warn("invalid pattern (%s) passed to Regex" % self.pattern,
+                SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            raise
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        result = instring[loc] == self.firstQuoteChar and self.re.match(instring,loc) or None
+        if not result:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        loc = result.end()
+        ret = result.group()
+
+        if self.unquoteResults:
+
+            # strip off quotes
+            ret = ret[self.quoteCharLen:-self.endQuoteCharLen]
+
+            if isinstance(ret,basestring):
+                # replace escaped whitespace
+                if '\\' in ret and self.convertWhitespaceEscapes:
+                    ws_map = {
+                        r'\t' : '\t',
+                        r'\n' : '\n',
+                        r'\f' : '\f',
+                        r'\r' : '\r',
+                    }
+                    for wslit,wschar in ws_map.items():
+                        ret = ret.replace(wslit, wschar)
+
+                # replace escaped characters
+                if self.escChar:
+                    ret = re.sub(self.escCharReplacePattern, r"\g<1>", ret)
+
+                # replace escaped quotes
+                if self.escQuote:
+                    ret = ret.replace(self.escQuote, self.endQuoteChar)
+
+        return loc, ret
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(QuotedString,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "quoted string, starting with %s ending with %s" % (self.quoteChar, self.endQuoteChar)
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class CharsNotIn(Token):
+    """
+    Token for matching words composed of characters I{not} in a given set (will
+    include whitespace in matched characters if not listed in the provided exclusion set - see example).
+    Defined with string containing all disallowed characters, and an optional
+    minimum, maximum, and/or exact length.  The default value for C{min} is 1 (a
+    minimum value < 1 is not valid); the default values for C{max} and C{exact}
+    are 0, meaning no maximum or exact length restriction.
+
+    Example::
+        # define a comma-separated-value as anything that is not a ','
+        csv_value = CharsNotIn(',')
+        print(delimitedList(csv_value).parseString("dkls,lsdkjf,s12 34,@!#,213"))
+    prints::
+        ['dkls', 'lsdkjf', 's12 34', '@!#', '213']
+    """
+    def __init__( self, notChars, min=1, max=0, exact=0 ):
+        super(CharsNotIn,self).__init__()
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.notChars = notChars
+
+        if min < 1:
+            raise ValueError("cannot specify a minimum length < 1; use Optional(CharsNotIn()) if zero-length char group is permitted")
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+        self.name = _ustr(self)
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = ( self.minLen == 0 )
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if instring[loc] in self.notChars:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        notchars = self.notChars
+        maxlen = min( start+self.maxLen, len(instring) )
+        while loc < maxlen and \
+              (instring[loc] not in notchars):
+            loc += 1
+
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(CharsNotIn, self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            if len(self.notChars) > 4:
+                self.strRepr = "!W:(%s...)" % self.notChars[:4]
+            else:
+                self.strRepr = "!W:(%s)" % self.notChars
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class White(Token):
+    """
+    Special matching class for matching whitespace.  Normally, whitespace is ignored
+    by pyparsing grammars.  This class is included when some whitespace structures
+    are significant.  Define with a string containing the whitespace characters to be
+    matched; default is C{" \\t\\r\\n"}.  Also takes optional C{min}, C{max}, and C{exact} arguments,
+    as defined for the C{L{Word}} class.
+    """
+    whiteStrs = {
+        " " : "<SPC>",
+        "\t": "<TAB>",
+        "\n": "<LF>",
+        "\r": "<CR>",
+        "\f": "<FF>",
+        }
+    def __init__(self, ws=" \t\r\n", min=1, max=0, exact=0):
+        super(White,self).__init__()
+        self.matchWhite = ws
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( "".join(c for c in self.whiteChars if c not in self.matchWhite) )
+        #~ self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.name = ("".join(White.whiteStrs[c] for c in self.matchWhite))
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + self.name
+
+        self.minLen = min
+
+        if max > 0:
+            self.maxLen = max
+        else:
+            self.maxLen = _MAX_INT
+
+        if exact > 0:
+            self.maxLen = exact
+            self.minLen = exact
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if not(instring[ loc ] in self.matchWhite):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        start = loc
+        loc += 1
+        maxloc = start + self.maxLen
+        maxloc = min( maxloc, len(instring) )
+        while loc < maxloc and instring[loc] in self.matchWhite:
+            loc += 1
+
+        if loc - start < self.minLen:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        return loc, instring[start:loc]
+
+
+class _PositionToken(Token):
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(_PositionToken,self).__init__()
+        self.name=self.__class__.__name__
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+
+class GoToColumn(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Token to advance to a specific column of input text; useful for tabular report scraping.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, colno ):
+        super(GoToColumn,self).__init__()
+        self.col = colno
+
+    def preParse( self, instring, loc ):
+        if col(loc,instring) != self.col:
+            instrlen = len(instring)
+            if self.ignoreExprs:
+                loc = self._skipIgnorables( instring, loc )
+            while loc < instrlen and instring[loc].isspace() and col( loc, instring ) != self.col :
+                loc += 1
+        return loc
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        thiscol = col( loc, instring )
+        if thiscol > self.col:
+            raise ParseException( instring, loc, "Text not in expected column", self )
+        newloc = loc + self.col - thiscol
+        ret = instring[ loc: newloc ]
+        return newloc, ret
+
+
+class LineStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the beginning of a line within the parse string
+    
+    Example::
+    
+        test = '''\
+        AAA this line
+        AAA and this line
+          AAA but not this one
+        B AAA and definitely not this one
+        '''
+
+        for t in (LineStart() + 'AAA' + restOfLine).searchString(test):
+            print(t)
+    
+    Prints::
+        ['AAA', ' this line']
+        ['AAA', ' and this line']    
+
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(LineStart,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected start of line"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if col(loc, instring) == 1:
+            return loc, []
+        raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class LineEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the end of a line within the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(LineEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS.replace("\n","") )
+        self.errmsg = "Expected end of line"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc<len(instring):
+            if instring[loc] == "\n":
+                return loc+1, "\n"
+            else:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        elif loc == len(instring):
+            return loc+1, []
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class StringStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the beginning of the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(StringStart,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected start of text"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc != 0:
+            # see if entire string up to here is just whitespace and ignoreables
+            if loc != self.preParse( instring, 0 ):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+class StringEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if current position is at the end of the parse string
+    """
+    def __init__( self ):
+        super(StringEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.errmsg = "Expected end of text"
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc < len(instring):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        elif loc == len(instring):
+            return loc+1, []
+        elif loc > len(instring):
+            return loc, []
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+class WordStart(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if the current position is at the beginning of a Word, and
+    is not preceded by any character in a given set of C{wordChars}
+    (default=C{printables}). To emulate the C{\b} behavior of regular expressions,
+    use C{WordStart(alphanums)}. C{WordStart} will also match at the beginning of
+    the string being parsed, or at the beginning of a line.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, wordChars = printables):
+        super(WordStart,self).__init__()
+        self.wordChars = set(wordChars)
+        self.errmsg = "Not at the start of a word"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if loc != 0:
+            if (instring[loc-1] in self.wordChars or
+                instring[loc] not in self.wordChars):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+class WordEnd(_PositionToken):
+    """
+    Matches if the current position is at the end of a Word, and
+    is not followed by any character in a given set of C{wordChars}
+    (default=C{printables}). To emulate the C{\b} behavior of regular expressions,
+    use C{WordEnd(alphanums)}. C{WordEnd} will also match at the end of
+    the string being parsed, or at the end of a line.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, wordChars = printables):
+        super(WordEnd,self).__init__()
+        self.wordChars = set(wordChars)
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.errmsg = "Not at the end of a word"
+
+    def parseImpl(self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        if instrlen>0 and loc<instrlen:
+            if (instring[loc] in self.wordChars or
+                instring[loc-1] not in self.wordChars):
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class ParseExpression(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of ParserElement, for combining and post-processing parsed tokens.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(ParseExpression,self).__init__(savelist)
+        if isinstance( exprs, _generatorType ):
+            exprs = list(exprs)
+
+        if isinstance( exprs, basestring ):
+            self.exprs = [ ParserElement._literalStringClass( exprs ) ]
+        elif isinstance( exprs, Iterable ):
+            exprs = list(exprs)
+            # if sequence of strings provided, wrap with Literal
+            if all(isinstance(expr, basestring) for expr in exprs):
+                exprs = map(ParserElement._literalStringClass, exprs)
+            self.exprs = list(exprs)
+        else:
+            try:
+                self.exprs = list( exprs )
+            except TypeError:
+                self.exprs = [ exprs ]
+        self.callPreparse = False
+
+    def __getitem__( self, i ):
+        return self.exprs[i]
+
+    def append( self, other ):
+        self.exprs.append( other )
+        self.strRepr = None
+        return self
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        """Extends C{leaveWhitespace} defined in base class, and also invokes C{leaveWhitespace} on
+           all contained expressions."""
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.exprs = [ e.copy() for e in self.exprs ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.leaveWhitespace()
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                super( ParseExpression, self).ignore( other )
+                for e in self.exprs:
+                    e.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        else:
+            super( ParseExpression, self).ignore( other )
+            for e in self.exprs:
+                e.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        return self
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(ParseExpression,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "%s:(%s)" % ( self.__class__.__name__, _ustr(self.exprs) )
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        super(ParseExpression,self).streamline()
+
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.streamline()
+
+        # collapse nested And's of the form And( And( And( a,b), c), d) to And( a,b,c,d )
+        # but only if there are no parse actions or resultsNames on the nested And's
+        # (likewise for Or's and MatchFirst's)
+        if ( len(self.exprs) == 2 ):
+            other = self.exprs[0]
+            if ( isinstance( other, self.__class__ ) and
+                  not(other.parseAction) and
+                  other.resultsName is None and
+                  not other.debug ):
+                self.exprs = other.exprs[:] + [ self.exprs[1] ]
+                self.strRepr = None
+                self.mayReturnEmpty |= other.mayReturnEmpty
+                self.mayIndexError  |= other.mayIndexError
+
+            other = self.exprs[-1]
+            if ( isinstance( other, self.__class__ ) and
+                  not(other.parseAction) and
+                  other.resultsName is None and
+                  not other.debug ):
+                self.exprs = self.exprs[:-1] + other.exprs[:]
+                self.strRepr = None
+                self.mayReturnEmpty |= other.mayReturnEmpty
+                self.mayIndexError  |= other.mayIndexError
+
+        self.errmsg = "Expected " + _ustr(self)
+        
+        return self
+
+    def setResultsName( self, name, listAllMatches=False ):
+        ret = super(ParseExpression,self).setResultsName(name,listAllMatches)
+        return ret
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+        
+    def copy(self):
+        ret = super(ParseExpression,self).copy()
+        ret.exprs = [e.copy() for e in self.exprs]
+        return ret
+
+class And(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires all given C{ParseExpression}s to be found in the given order.
+    Expressions may be separated by whitespace.
+    May be constructed using the C{'+'} operator.
+    May also be constructed using the C{'-'} operator, which will suppress backtracking.
+
+    Example::
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        name_expr = OneOrMore(Word(alphas))
+
+        expr = And([integer("id"),name_expr("name"),integer("age")])
+        # more easily written as:
+        expr = integer("id") + name_expr("name") + integer("age")
+    """
+
+    class _ErrorStop(Empty):
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            super(And._ErrorStop,self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            self.name = '-'
+            self.leaveWhitespace()
+
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = True ):
+        super(And,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( self.exprs[0].whiteChars )
+        self.skipWhitespace = self.exprs[0].skipWhitespace
+        self.callPreparse = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        # pass False as last arg to _parse for first element, since we already
+        # pre-parsed the string as part of our And pre-parsing
+        loc, resultlist = self.exprs[0]._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        errorStop = False
+        for e in self.exprs[1:]:
+            if isinstance(e, And._ErrorStop):
+                errorStop = True
+                continue
+            if errorStop:
+                try:
+                    loc, exprtokens = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                except ParseSyntaxException:
+                    raise
+                except ParseBaseException as pe:
+                    pe.__traceback__ = None
+                    raise ParseSyntaxException._from_exception(pe)
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise ParseSyntaxException(instring, len(instring), self.errmsg, self)
+            else:
+                loc, exprtokens = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+            if exprtokens or exprtokens.haskeys():
+                resultlist += exprtokens
+        return loc, resultlist
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #And( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+            if not e.mayReturnEmpty:
+                break
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class Or(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires that at least one C{ParseExpression} is found.
+    If two expressions match, the expression that matches the longest string will be used.
+    May be constructed using the C{'^'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        # construct Or using '^' operator
+        
+        number = Word(nums) ^ Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789"))
+    prints::
+        [['123'], ['3.1416'], ['789']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(Or,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        maxExcLoc = -1
+        maxException = None
+        matches = []
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            try:
+                loc2 = e.tryParse( instring, loc )
+            except ParseException as err:
+                err.__traceback__ = None
+                if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = err
+                    maxExcLoc = err.loc
+            except IndexError:
+                if len(instring) > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = ParseException(instring,len(instring),e.errmsg,self)
+                    maxExcLoc = len(instring)
+            else:
+                # save match among all matches, to retry longest to shortest
+                matches.append((loc2, e))
+
+        if matches:
+            matches.sort(key=lambda x: -x[0])
+            for _,e in matches:
+                try:
+                    return e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                except ParseException as err:
+                    err.__traceback__ = None
+                    if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                        maxException = err
+                        maxExcLoc = err.loc
+
+        if maxException is not None:
+            maxException.msg = self.errmsg
+            raise maxException
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, "no defined alternatives to match", self)
+
+
+    def __ixor__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #Or( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " ^ ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class MatchFirst(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires that at least one C{ParseExpression} is found.
+    If two expressions match, the first one listed is the one that will match.
+    May be constructed using the C{'|'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        # construct MatchFirst using '|' operator
+        
+        # watch the order of expressions to match
+        number = Word(nums) | Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789")) #  Fail! -> [['123'], ['3'], ['1416'], ['789']]
+
+        # put more selective expression first
+        number = Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums)) | Word(nums)
+        print(number.searchString("123 3.1416 789")) #  Better -> [['123'], ['3.1416'], ['789']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = False ):
+        super(MatchFirst,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        if self.exprs:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = any(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        else:
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        maxExcLoc = -1
+        maxException = None
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            try:
+                ret = e._parse( instring, loc, doActions )
+                return ret
+            except ParseException as err:
+                if err.loc > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = err
+                    maxExcLoc = err.loc
+            except IndexError:
+                if len(instring) > maxExcLoc:
+                    maxException = ParseException(instring,len(instring),e.errmsg,self)
+                    maxExcLoc = len(instring)
+
+        # only got here if no expression matched, raise exception for match that made it the furthest
+        else:
+            if maxException is not None:
+                maxException.msg = self.errmsg
+                raise maxException
+            else:
+                raise ParseException(instring, loc, "no defined alternatives to match", self)
+
+    def __ior__(self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass( other )
+        return self.append( other ) #MatchFirst( [ self, other ] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " | ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class Each(ParseExpression):
+    """
+    Requires all given C{ParseExpression}s to be found, but in any order.
+    Expressions may be separated by whitespace.
+    May be constructed using the C{'&'} operator.
+
+    Example::
+        color = oneOf("RED ORANGE YELLOW GREEN BLUE PURPLE BLACK WHITE BROWN")
+        shape_type = oneOf("SQUARE CIRCLE TRIANGLE STAR HEXAGON OCTAGON")
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        shape_attr = "shape:" + shape_type("shape")
+        posn_attr = "posn:" + Group(integer("x") + ',' + integer("y"))("posn")
+        color_attr = "color:" + color("color")
+        size_attr = "size:" + integer("size")
+
+        # use Each (using operator '&') to accept attributes in any order 
+        # (shape and posn are required, color and size are optional)
+        shape_spec = shape_attr & posn_attr & Optional(color_attr) & Optional(size_attr)
+
+        shape_spec.runTests('''
+            shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: 100, 120
+            shape: CIRCLE size: 50 color: BLUE posn: 50,80
+            color:GREEN size:20 shape:TRIANGLE posn:20,40
+            '''
+            )
+    prints::
+        shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: 100, 120
+        ['shape:', 'SQUARE', 'color:', 'BLACK', 'posn:', ['100', ',', '120']]
+        - color: BLACK
+        - posn: ['100', ',', '120']
+          - x: 100
+          - y: 120
+        - shape: SQUARE
+
+
+        shape: CIRCLE size: 50 color: BLUE posn: 50,80
+        ['shape:', 'CIRCLE', 'size:', '50', 'color:', 'BLUE', 'posn:', ['50', ',', '80']]
+        - color: BLUE
+        - posn: ['50', ',', '80']
+          - x: 50
+          - y: 80
+        - shape: CIRCLE
+        - size: 50
+
+
+        color: GREEN size: 20 shape: TRIANGLE posn: 20,40
+        ['color:', 'GREEN', 'size:', '20', 'shape:', 'TRIANGLE', 'posn:', ['20', ',', '40']]
+        - color: GREEN
+        - posn: ['20', ',', '40']
+          - x: 20
+          - y: 40
+        - shape: TRIANGLE
+        - size: 20
+    """
+    def __init__( self, exprs, savelist = True ):
+        super(Each,self).__init__(exprs, savelist)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = all(e.mayReturnEmpty for e in self.exprs)
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.initExprGroups = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.initExprGroups:
+            self.opt1map = dict((id(e.expr),e) for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional))
+            opt1 = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional) ]
+            opt2 = [ e for e in self.exprs if e.mayReturnEmpty and not isinstance(e,Optional)]
+            self.optionals = opt1 + opt2
+            self.multioptionals = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,ZeroOrMore) ]
+            self.multirequired = [ e.expr for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,OneOrMore) ]
+            self.required = [ e for e in self.exprs if not isinstance(e,(Optional,ZeroOrMore,OneOrMore)) ]
+            self.required += self.multirequired
+            self.initExprGroups = False
+        tmpLoc = loc
+        tmpReqd = self.required[:]
+        tmpOpt  = self.optionals[:]
+        matchOrder = []
+
+        keepMatching = True
+        while keepMatching:
+            tmpExprs = tmpReqd + tmpOpt + self.multioptionals + self.multirequired
+            failed = []
+            for e in tmpExprs:
+                try:
+                    tmpLoc = e.tryParse( instring, tmpLoc )
+                except ParseException:
+                    failed.append(e)
+                else:
+                    matchOrder.append(self.opt1map.get(id(e),e))
+                    if e in tmpReqd:
+                        tmpReqd.remove(e)
+                    elif e in tmpOpt:
+                        tmpOpt.remove(e)
+            if len(failed) == len(tmpExprs):
+                keepMatching = False
+
+        if tmpReqd:
+            missing = ", ".join(_ustr(e) for e in tmpReqd)
+            raise ParseException(instring,loc,"Missing one or more required elements (%s)" % missing )
+
+        # add any unmatched Optionals, in case they have default values defined
+        matchOrder += [e for e in self.exprs if isinstance(e,Optional) and e.expr in tmpOpt]
+
+        resultlist = []
+        for e in matchOrder:
+            loc,results = e._parse(instring,loc,doActions)
+            resultlist.append(results)
+
+        finalResults = sum(resultlist, ParseResults([]))
+        return loc, finalResults
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + " & ".join(_ustr(e) for e in self.exprs) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        for e in self.exprs:
+            e.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+
+class ParseElementEnhance(ParserElement):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of C{ParserElement}, for combining and post-processing parsed tokens.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, savelist=False ):
+        super(ParseElementEnhance,self).__init__(savelist)
+        if isinstance( expr, basestring ):
+            if issubclass(ParserElement._literalStringClass, Token):
+                expr = ParserElement._literalStringClass(expr)
+            else:
+                expr = ParserElement._literalStringClass(Literal(expr))
+        self.expr = expr
+        self.strRepr = None
+        if expr is not None:
+            self.mayIndexError = expr.mayIndexError
+            self.mayReturnEmpty = expr.mayReturnEmpty
+            self.setWhitespaceChars( expr.whiteChars )
+            self.skipWhitespace = expr.skipWhitespace
+            self.saveAsList = expr.saveAsList
+            self.callPreparse = expr.callPreparse
+            self.ignoreExprs.extend(expr.ignoreExprs)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            return self.expr._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        else:
+            raise ParseException("",loc,self.errmsg,self)
+
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        self.expr = self.expr.copy()
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.leaveWhitespace()
+        return self
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, Suppress ):
+            if other not in self.ignoreExprs:
+                super( ParseElementEnhance, self).ignore( other )
+                if self.expr is not None:
+                    self.expr.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        else:
+            super( ParseElementEnhance, self).ignore( other )
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.ignore( self.ignoreExprs[-1] )
+        return self
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        super(ParseElementEnhance,self).streamline()
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.streamline()
+        return self
+
+    def checkRecursion( self, parseElementList ):
+        if self in parseElementList:
+            raise RecursiveGrammarException( parseElementList+[self] )
+        subRecCheckList = parseElementList[:] + [ self ]
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.checkRecursion( subRecCheckList )
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            self.expr.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion( [] )
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        try:
+            return super(ParseElementEnhance,self).__str__()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+        if self.strRepr is None and self.expr is not None:
+            self.strRepr = "%s:(%s)" % ( self.__class__.__name__, _ustr(self.expr) )
+        return self.strRepr
+
+
+class FollowedBy(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Lookahead matching of the given parse expression.  C{FollowedBy}
+    does I{not} advance the parsing position within the input string, it only
+    verifies that the specified parse expression matches at the current
+    position.  C{FollowedBy} always returns a null token list.
+
+    Example::
+        # use FollowedBy to match a label only if it is followed by a ':'
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString("shape: SQUARE color: BLACK posn: upper left").pprint()
+    prints::
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['color', 'BLACK'], ['posn', 'upper left']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(FollowedBy,self).__init__(expr)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        self.expr.tryParse( instring, loc )
+        return loc, []
+
+
+class NotAny(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Lookahead to disallow matching with the given parse expression.  C{NotAny}
+    does I{not} advance the parsing position within the input string, it only
+    verifies that the specified parse expression does I{not} match at the current
+    position.  Also, C{NotAny} does I{not} skip over leading whitespace. C{NotAny}
+    always returns a null token list.  May be constructed using the '~' operator.
+
+    Example::
+        
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(NotAny,self).__init__(expr)
+        #~ self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.skipWhitespace = False  # do NOT use self.leaveWhitespace(), don't want to propagate to exprs
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.errmsg = "Found unwanted token, "+_ustr(self.expr)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        if self.expr.canParseNext(instring, loc):
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+        return loc, []
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "~{" + _ustr(self.expr) + "}"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class _MultipleMatch(ParseElementEnhance):
+    def __init__( self, expr, stopOn=None):
+        super(_MultipleMatch, self).__init__(expr)
+        self.saveAsList = True
+        ender = stopOn
+        if isinstance(ender, basestring):
+            ender = ParserElement._literalStringClass(ender)
+        self.not_ender = ~ender if ender is not None else None
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        self_expr_parse = self.expr._parse
+        self_skip_ignorables = self._skipIgnorables
+        check_ender = self.not_ender is not None
+        if check_ender:
+            try_not_ender = self.not_ender.tryParse
+        
+        # must be at least one (but first see if we are the stopOn sentinel;
+        # if so, fail)
+        if check_ender:
+            try_not_ender(instring, loc)
+        loc, tokens = self_expr_parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        try:
+            hasIgnoreExprs = (not not self.ignoreExprs)
+            while 1:
+                if check_ender:
+                    try_not_ender(instring, loc)
+                if hasIgnoreExprs:
+                    preloc = self_skip_ignorables( instring, loc )
+                else:
+                    preloc = loc
+                loc, tmptokens = self_expr_parse( instring, preloc, doActions )
+                if tmptokens or tmptokens.haskeys():
+                    tokens += tmptokens
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            pass
+
+        return loc, tokens
+        
+class OneOrMore(_MultipleMatch):
+    """
+    Repetition of one or more of the given expression.
+    
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match one or more times
+     - stopOn - (default=C{None}) - expression for a terminating sentinel
+          (only required if the sentinel would ordinarily match the repetition 
+          expression)          
+
+    Example::
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word).setParseAction(' '.join))
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: BLACK"
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).pprint()  # Fail! read 'color' as data instead of next label -> [['shape', 'SQUARE color']]
+
+        # use stopOn attribute for OneOrMore to avoid reading label string as part of the data
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).pprint() # Better -> [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'BLACK']]
+        
+        # could also be written as
+        (attr_expr * (1,)).parseString(text).pprint()
+    """
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "{" + _ustr(self.expr) + "}..."
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class ZeroOrMore(_MultipleMatch):
+    """
+    Optional repetition of zero or more of the given expression.
+    
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match zero or more times
+     - stopOn - (default=C{None}) - expression for a terminating sentinel
+          (only required if the sentinel would ordinarily match the repetition 
+          expression)          
+
+    Example: similar to L{OneOrMore}
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, stopOn=None):
+        super(ZeroOrMore,self).__init__(expr, stopOn=stopOn)
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        try:
+            return super(ZeroOrMore, self).parseImpl(instring, loc, doActions)
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            return loc, []
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "[" + _ustr(self.expr) + "]..."
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class _NullToken(object):
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return False
+    __nonzero__ = __bool__
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ""
+
+_optionalNotMatched = _NullToken()
+class Optional(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Optional matching of the given expression.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - expression that must match zero or more times
+     - default (optional) - value to be returned if the optional expression is not found.
+
+    Example::
+        # US postal code can be a 5-digit zip, plus optional 4-digit qualifier
+        zip = Combine(Word(nums, exact=5) + Optional('-' + Word(nums, exact=4)))
+        zip.runTests('''
+            # traditional ZIP code
+            12345
+            
+            # ZIP+4 form
+            12101-0001
+            
+            # invalid ZIP
+            98765-
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        # traditional ZIP code
+        12345
+        ['12345']
+
+        # ZIP+4 form
+        12101-0001
+        ['12101-0001']
+
+        # invalid ZIP
+        98765-
+             ^
+        FAIL: Expected end of text (at char 5), (line:1, col:6)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, default=_optionalNotMatched ):
+        super(Optional,self).__init__( expr, savelist=False )
+        self.saveAsList = self.expr.saveAsList
+        self.defaultValue = default
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        try:
+            loc, tokens = self.expr._parse( instring, loc, doActions, callPreParse=False )
+        except (ParseException,IndexError):
+            if self.defaultValue is not _optionalNotMatched:
+                if self.expr.resultsName:
+                    tokens = ParseResults([ self.defaultValue ])
+                    tokens[self.expr.resultsName] = self.defaultValue
+                else:
+                    tokens = [ self.defaultValue ]
+            else:
+                tokens = []
+        return loc, tokens
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+
+        if self.strRepr is None:
+            self.strRepr = "[" + _ustr(self.expr) + "]"
+
+        return self.strRepr
+
+class SkipTo(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Token for skipping over all undefined text until the matched expression is found.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - expr - target expression marking the end of the data to be skipped
+     - include - (default=C{False}) if True, the target expression is also parsed 
+          (the skipped text and target expression are returned as a 2-element list).
+     - ignore - (default=C{None}) used to define grammars (typically quoted strings and 
+          comments) that might contain false matches to the target expression
+     - failOn - (default=C{None}) define expressions that are not allowed to be 
+          included in the skipped test; if found before the target expression is found, 
+          the SkipTo is not a match
+
+    Example::
+        report = '''
+            Outstanding Issues Report - 1 Jan 2000
+
+               # | Severity | Description                               |  Days Open
+            -----+----------+-------------------------------------------+-----------
+             101 | Critical | Intermittent system crash                 |          6
+              94 | Cosmetic | Spelling error on Login ('log|n')         |         14
+              79 | Minor    | System slow when running too many reports |         47
+            '''
+        integer = Word(nums)
+        SEP = Suppress('|')
+        # use SkipTo to simply match everything up until the next SEP
+        # - ignore quoted strings, so that a '|' character inside a quoted string does not match
+        # - parse action will call token.strip() for each matched token, i.e., the description body
+        string_data = SkipTo(SEP, ignore=quotedString)
+        string_data.setParseAction(tokenMap(str.strip))
+        ticket_expr = (integer("issue_num") + SEP 
+                      + string_data("sev") + SEP 
+                      + string_data("desc") + SEP 
+                      + integer("days_open"))
+        
+        for tkt in ticket_expr.searchString(report):
+            print tkt.dump()
+    prints::
+        ['101', 'Critical', 'Intermittent system crash', '6']
+        - days_open: 6
+        - desc: Intermittent system crash
+        - issue_num: 101
+        - sev: Critical
+        ['94', 'Cosmetic', "Spelling error on Login ('log|n')", '14']
+        - days_open: 14
+        - desc: Spelling error on Login ('log|n')
+        - issue_num: 94
+        - sev: Cosmetic
+        ['79', 'Minor', 'System slow when running too many reports', '47']
+        - days_open: 47
+        - desc: System slow when running too many reports
+        - issue_num: 79
+        - sev: Minor
+    """
+    def __init__( self, other, include=False, ignore=None, failOn=None ):
+        super( SkipTo, self ).__init__( other )
+        self.ignoreExpr = ignore
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = True
+        self.mayIndexError = False
+        self.includeMatch = include
+        self.asList = False
+        if isinstance(failOn, basestring):
+            self.failOn = ParserElement._literalStringClass(failOn)
+        else:
+            self.failOn = failOn
+        self.errmsg = "No match found for "+_ustr(self.expr)
+
+    def parseImpl( self, instring, loc, doActions=True ):
+        startloc = loc
+        instrlen = len(instring)
+        expr = self.expr
+        expr_parse = self.expr._parse
+        self_failOn_canParseNext = self.failOn.canParseNext if self.failOn is not None else None
+        self_ignoreExpr_tryParse = self.ignoreExpr.tryParse if self.ignoreExpr is not None else None
+        
+        tmploc = loc
+        while tmploc <= instrlen:
+            if self_failOn_canParseNext is not None:
+                # break if failOn expression matches
+                if self_failOn_canParseNext(instring, tmploc):
+                    break
+                    
+            if self_ignoreExpr_tryParse is not None:
+                # advance past ignore expressions
+                while 1:
+                    try:
+                        tmploc = self_ignoreExpr_tryParse(instring, tmploc)
+                    except ParseBaseException:
+                        break
+            
+            try:
+                expr_parse(instring, tmploc, doActions=False, callPreParse=False)
+            except (ParseException, IndexError):
+                # no match, advance loc in string
+                tmploc += 1
+            else:
+                # matched skipto expr, done
+                break
+
+        else:
+            # ran off the end of the input string without matching skipto expr, fail
+            raise ParseException(instring, loc, self.errmsg, self)
+
+        # build up return values
+        loc = tmploc
+        skiptext = instring[startloc:loc]
+        skipresult = ParseResults(skiptext)
+        
+        if self.includeMatch:
+            loc, mat = expr_parse(instring,loc,doActions,callPreParse=False)
+            skipresult += mat
+
+        return loc, skipresult
+
+class Forward(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Forward declaration of an expression to be defined later -
+    used for recursive grammars, such as algebraic infix notation.
+    When the expression is known, it is assigned to the C{Forward} variable using the '<<' operator.
+
+    Note: take care when assigning to C{Forward} not to overlook precedence of operators.
+    Specifically, '|' has a lower precedence than '<<', so that::
+        fwdExpr << a | b | c
+    will actually be evaluated as::
+        (fwdExpr << a) | b | c
+    thereby leaving b and c out as parseable alternatives.  It is recommended that you
+    explicitly group the values inserted into the C{Forward}::
+        fwdExpr << (a | b | c)
+    Converting to use the '<<=' operator instead will avoid this problem.
+
+    See L{ParseResults.pprint} for an example of a recursive parser created using
+    C{Forward}.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, other=None ):
+        super(Forward,self).__init__( other, savelist=False )
+
+    def __lshift__( self, other ):
+        if isinstance( other, basestring ):
+            other = ParserElement._literalStringClass(other)
+        self.expr = other
+        self.strRepr = None
+        self.mayIndexError = self.expr.mayIndexError
+        self.mayReturnEmpty = self.expr.mayReturnEmpty
+        self.setWhitespaceChars( self.expr.whiteChars )
+        self.skipWhitespace = self.expr.skipWhitespace
+        self.saveAsList = self.expr.saveAsList
+        self.ignoreExprs.extend(self.expr.ignoreExprs)
+        return self
+        
+    def __ilshift__(self, other):
+        return self << other
+    
+    def leaveWhitespace( self ):
+        self.skipWhitespace = False
+        return self
+
+    def streamline( self ):
+        if not self.streamlined:
+            self.streamlined = True
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.streamline()
+        return self
+
+    def validate( self, validateTrace=[] ):
+        if self not in validateTrace:
+            tmp = validateTrace[:]+[self]
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                self.expr.validate(tmp)
+        self.checkRecursion([])
+
+    def __str__( self ):
+        if hasattr(self,"name"):
+            return self.name
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + ": ..."
+
+        # stubbed out for now - creates awful memory and perf issues
+        self._revertClass = self.__class__
+        self.__class__ = _ForwardNoRecurse
+        try:
+            if self.expr is not None:
+                retString = _ustr(self.expr)
+            else:
+                retString = "None"
+        finally:
+            self.__class__ = self._revertClass
+        return self.__class__.__name__ + ": " + retString
+
+    def copy(self):
+        if self.expr is not None:
+            return super(Forward,self).copy()
+        else:
+            ret = Forward()
+            ret <<= self
+            return ret
+
+class _ForwardNoRecurse(Forward):
+    def __str__( self ):
+        return "..."
+
+class TokenConverter(ParseElementEnhance):
+    """
+    Abstract subclass of C{ParseExpression}, for converting parsed results.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, savelist=False ):
+        super(TokenConverter,self).__init__( expr )#, savelist )
+        self.saveAsList = False
+
+class Combine(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to concatenate all matching tokens to a single string.
+    By default, the matching patterns must also be contiguous in the input string;
+    this can be disabled by specifying C{'adjacent=False'} in the constructor.
+
+    Example::
+        real = Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums)
+        print(real.parseString('3.1416')) # -> ['3', '.', '1416']
+        # will also erroneously match the following
+        print(real.parseString('3. 1416')) # -> ['3', '.', '1416']
+
+        real = Combine(Word(nums) + '.' + Word(nums))
+        print(real.parseString('3.1416')) # -> ['3.1416']
+        # no match when there are internal spaces
+        print(real.parseString('3. 1416')) # -> Exception: Expected W:(0123...)
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr, joinString="", adjacent=True ):
+        super(Combine,self).__init__( expr )
+        # suppress whitespace-stripping in contained parse expressions, but re-enable it on the Combine itself
+        if adjacent:
+            self.leaveWhitespace()
+        self.adjacent = adjacent
+        self.skipWhitespace = True
+        self.joinString = joinString
+        self.callPreparse = True
+
+    def ignore( self, other ):
+        if self.adjacent:
+            ParserElement.ignore(self, other)
+        else:
+            super( Combine, self).ignore( other )
+        return self
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        retToks = tokenlist.copy()
+        del retToks[:]
+        retToks += ParseResults([ "".join(tokenlist._asStringList(self.joinString)) ], modal=self.modalResults)
+
+        if self.resultsName and retToks.haskeys():
+            return [ retToks ]
+        else:
+            return retToks
+
+class Group(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to return the matched tokens as a list - useful for returning tokens of C{L{ZeroOrMore}} and C{L{OneOrMore}} expressions.
+
+    Example::
+        ident = Word(alphas)
+        num = Word(nums)
+        term = ident | num
+        func = ident + Optional(delimitedList(term))
+        print(func.parseString("fn a,b,100"))  # -> ['fn', 'a', 'b', '100']
+
+        func = ident + Group(Optional(delimitedList(term)))
+        print(func.parseString("fn a,b,100"))  # -> ['fn', ['a', 'b', '100']]
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(Group,self).__init__( expr )
+        self.saveAsList = True
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return [ tokenlist ]
+
+class Dict(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter to return a repetitive expression as a list, but also as a dictionary.
+    Each element can also be referenced using the first token in the expression as its key.
+    Useful for tabular report scraping when the first column can be used as a item key.
+
+    Example::
+        data_word = Word(alphas)
+        label = data_word + FollowedBy(':')
+        attr_expr = Group(label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word).setParseAction(' '.join))
+
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: light blue texture: burlap"
+        attr_expr = (label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        
+        # print attributes as plain groups
+        print(OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).dump())
+        
+        # instead of OneOrMore(expr), parse using Dict(OneOrMore(Group(expr))) - Dict will auto-assign names
+        result = Dict(OneOrMore(Group(attr_expr))).parseString(text)
+        print(result.dump())
+        
+        # access named fields as dict entries, or output as dict
+        print(result['shape'])        
+        print(result.asDict())
+    prints::
+        ['shape', 'SQUARE', 'posn', 'upper left', 'color', 'light blue', 'texture', 'burlap']
+
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'light blue'], ['texture', 'burlap']]
+        - color: light blue
+        - posn: upper left
+        - shape: SQUARE
+        - texture: burlap
+        SQUARE
+        {'color': 'light blue', 'posn': 'upper left', 'texture': 'burlap', 'shape': 'SQUARE'}
+    See more examples at L{ParseResults} of accessing fields by results name.
+    """
+    def __init__( self, expr ):
+        super(Dict,self).__init__( expr )
+        self.saveAsList = True
+
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        for i,tok in enumerate(tokenlist):
+            if len(tok) == 0:
+                continue
+            ikey = tok[0]
+            if isinstance(ikey,int):
+                ikey = _ustr(tok[0]).strip()
+            if len(tok)==1:
+                tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset("",i)
+            elif len(tok)==2 and not isinstance(tok[1],ParseResults):
+                tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(tok[1],i)
+            else:
+                dictvalue = tok.copy() #ParseResults(i)
+                del dictvalue[0]
+                if len(dictvalue)!= 1 or (isinstance(dictvalue,ParseResults) and dictvalue.haskeys()):
+                    tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(dictvalue,i)
+                else:
+                    tokenlist[ikey] = _ParseResultsWithOffset(dictvalue[0],i)
+
+        if self.resultsName:
+            return [ tokenlist ]
+        else:
+            return tokenlist
+
+
+class Suppress(TokenConverter):
+    """
+    Converter for ignoring the results of a parsed expression.
+
+    Example::
+        source = "a, b, c,d"
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        wd_list1 = wd + ZeroOrMore(',' + wd)
+        print(wd_list1.parseString(source))
+
+        # often, delimiters that are useful during parsing are just in the
+        # way afterward - use Suppress to keep them out of the parsed output
+        wd_list2 = wd + ZeroOrMore(Suppress(',') + wd)
+        print(wd_list2.parseString(source))
+    prints::
+        ['a', ',', 'b', ',', 'c', ',', 'd']
+        ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
+    (See also L{delimitedList}.)
+    """
+    def postParse( self, instring, loc, tokenlist ):
+        return []
+
+    def suppress( self ):
+        return self
+
+
+class OnlyOnce(object):
+    """
+    Wrapper for parse actions, to ensure they are only called once.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, methodCall):
+        self.callable = _trim_arity(methodCall)
+        self.called = False
+    def __call__(self,s,l,t):
+        if not self.called:
+            results = self.callable(s,l,t)
+            self.called = True
+            return results
+        raise ParseException(s,l,"")
+    def reset(self):
+        self.called = False
+
+def traceParseAction(f):
+    """
+    Decorator for debugging parse actions. 
+    
+    When the parse action is called, this decorator will print C{">> entering I{method-name}(line:I{current_source_line}, I{parse_location}, I{matched_tokens})".}
+    When the parse action completes, the decorator will print C{"<<"} followed by the returned value, or any exception that the parse action raised.
+
+    Example::
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+
+        @traceParseAction
+        def remove_duplicate_chars(tokens):
+            return ''.join(sorted(set(''.join(tokens))))
+
+        wds = OneOrMore(wd).setParseAction(remove_duplicate_chars)
+        print(wds.parseString("slkdjs sld sldd sdlf sdljf"))
+    prints::
+        >>entering remove_duplicate_chars(line: 'slkdjs sld sldd sdlf sdljf', 0, (['slkdjs', 'sld', 'sldd', 'sdlf', 'sdljf'], {}))
+        <<leaving remove_duplicate_chars (ret: 'dfjkls')
+        ['dfjkls']
+    """
+    f = _trim_arity(f)
+    def z(*paArgs):
+        thisFunc = f.__name__
+        s,l,t = paArgs[-3:]
+        if len(paArgs)>3:
+            thisFunc = paArgs[0].__class__.__name__ + '.' + thisFunc
+        sys.stderr.write( ">>entering %s(line: '%s', %d, %r)\n" % (thisFunc,line(l,s),l,t) )
+        try:
+            ret = f(*paArgs)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            sys.stderr.write( "<<leaving %s (exception: %s)\n" % (thisFunc,exc) )
+            raise
+        sys.stderr.write( "<<leaving %s (ret: %r)\n" % (thisFunc,ret) )
+        return ret
+    try:
+        z.__name__ = f.__name__
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+    return z
+
+#
+# global helpers
+#
+def delimitedList( expr, delim=",", combine=False ):
+    """
+    Helper to define a delimited list of expressions - the delimiter defaults to ','.
+    By default, the list elements and delimiters can have intervening whitespace, and
+    comments, but this can be overridden by passing C{combine=True} in the constructor.
+    If C{combine} is set to C{True}, the matching tokens are returned as a single token
+    string, with the delimiters included; otherwise, the matching tokens are returned
+    as a list of tokens, with the delimiters suppressed.
+
+    Example::
+        delimitedList(Word(alphas)).parseString("aa,bb,cc") # -> ['aa', 'bb', 'cc']
+        delimitedList(Word(hexnums), delim=':', combine=True).parseString("AA:BB:CC:DD:EE") # -> ['AA:BB:CC:DD:EE']
+    """
+    dlName = _ustr(expr)+" ["+_ustr(delim)+" "+_ustr(expr)+"]..."
+    if combine:
+        return Combine( expr + ZeroOrMore( delim + expr ) ).setName(dlName)
+    else:
+        return ( expr + ZeroOrMore( Suppress( delim ) + expr ) ).setName(dlName)
+
+def countedArray( expr, intExpr=None ):
+    """
+    Helper to define a counted list of expressions.
+    This helper defines a pattern of the form::
+        integer expr expr expr...
+    where the leading integer tells how many expr expressions follow.
+    The matched tokens returns the array of expr tokens as a list - the leading count token is suppressed.
+    
+    If C{intExpr} is specified, it should be a pyparsing expression that produces an integer value.
+
+    Example::
+        countedArray(Word(alphas)).parseString('2 ab cd ef')  # -> ['ab', 'cd']
+
+        # in this parser, the leading integer value is given in binary,
+        # '10' indicating that 2 values are in the array
+        binaryConstant = Word('01').setParseAction(lambda t: int(t[0], 2))
+        countedArray(Word(alphas), intExpr=binaryConstant).parseString('10 ab cd ef')  # -> ['ab', 'cd']
+    """
+    arrayExpr = Forward()
+    def countFieldParseAction(s,l,t):
+        n = t[0]
+        arrayExpr << (n and Group(And([expr]*n)) or Group(empty))
+        return []
+    if intExpr is None:
+        intExpr = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda t:int(t[0]))
+    else:
+        intExpr = intExpr.copy()
+    intExpr.setName("arrayLen")
+    intExpr.addParseAction(countFieldParseAction, callDuringTry=True)
+    return ( intExpr + arrayExpr ).setName('(len) ' + _ustr(expr) + '...')
+
+def _flatten(L):
+    ret = []
+    for i in L:
+        if isinstance(i,list):
+            ret.extend(_flatten(i))
+        else:
+            ret.append(i)
+    return ret
+
+def matchPreviousLiteral(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to define an expression that is indirectly defined from
+    the tokens matched in a previous expression, that is, it looks
+    for a 'repeat' of a previous expression.  For example::
+        first = Word(nums)
+        second = matchPreviousLiteral(first)
+        matchExpr = first + ":" + second
+    will match C{"1:1"}, but not C{"1:2"}.  Because this matches a
+    previous literal, will also match the leading C{"1:1"} in C{"1:10"}.
+    If this is not desired, use C{matchPreviousExpr}.
+    Do I{not} use with packrat parsing enabled.
+    """
+    rep = Forward()
+    def copyTokenToRepeater(s,l,t):
+        if t:
+            if len(t) == 1:
+                rep << t[0]
+            else:
+                # flatten t tokens
+                tflat = _flatten(t.asList())
+                rep << And(Literal(tt) for tt in tflat)
+        else:
+            rep << Empty()
+    expr.addParseAction(copyTokenToRepeater, callDuringTry=True)
+    rep.setName('(prev) ' + _ustr(expr))
+    return rep
+
+def matchPreviousExpr(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to define an expression that is indirectly defined from
+    the tokens matched in a previous expression, that is, it looks
+    for a 'repeat' of a previous expression.  For example::
+        first = Word(nums)
+        second = matchPreviousExpr(first)
+        matchExpr = first + ":" + second
+    will match C{"1:1"}, but not C{"1:2"}.  Because this matches by
+    expressions, will I{not} match the leading C{"1:1"} in C{"1:10"};
+    the expressions are evaluated first, and then compared, so
+    C{"1"} is compared with C{"10"}.
+    Do I{not} use with packrat parsing enabled.
+    """
+    rep = Forward()
+    e2 = expr.copy()
+    rep <<= e2
+    def copyTokenToRepeater(s,l,t):
+        matchTokens = _flatten(t.asList())
+        def mustMatchTheseTokens(s,l,t):
+            theseTokens = _flatten(t.asList())
+            if  theseTokens != matchTokens:
+                raise ParseException("",0,"")
+        rep.setParseAction( mustMatchTheseTokens, callDuringTry=True )
+    expr.addParseAction(copyTokenToRepeater, callDuringTry=True)
+    rep.setName('(prev) ' + _ustr(expr))
+    return rep
+
+def _escapeRegexRangeChars(s):
+    #~  escape these chars: ^-]
+    for c in r"\^-]":
+        s = s.replace(c,_bslash+c)
+    s = s.replace("\n",r"\n")
+    s = s.replace("\t",r"\t")
+    return _ustr(s)
+
+def oneOf( strs, caseless=False, useRegex=True ):
+    """
+    Helper to quickly define a set of alternative Literals, and makes sure to do
+    longest-first testing when there is a conflict, regardless of the input order,
+    but returns a C{L{MatchFirst}} for best performance.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - strs - a string of space-delimited literals, or a collection of string literals
+     - caseless - (default=C{False}) - treat all literals as caseless
+     - useRegex - (default=C{True}) - as an optimization, will generate a Regex
+          object; otherwise, will generate a C{MatchFirst} object (if C{caseless=True}, or
+          if creating a C{Regex} raises an exception)
+
+    Example::
+        comp_oper = oneOf("< = > <= >= !=")
+        var = Word(alphas)
+        number = Word(nums)
+        term = var | number
+        comparison_expr = term + comp_oper + term
+        print(comparison_expr.searchString("B = 12  AA=23 B<=AA AA>12"))
+    prints::
+        [['B', '=', '12'], ['AA', '=', '23'], ['B', '<=', 'AA'], ['AA', '>', '12']]
+    """
+    if caseless:
+        isequal = ( lambda a,b: a.upper() == b.upper() )
+        masks = ( lambda a,b: b.upper().startswith(a.upper()) )
+        parseElementClass = CaselessLiteral
+    else:
+        isequal = ( lambda a,b: a == b )
+        masks = ( lambda a,b: b.startswith(a) )
+        parseElementClass = Literal
+
+    symbols = []
+    if isinstance(strs,basestring):
+        symbols = strs.split()
+    elif isinstance(strs, Iterable):
+        symbols = list(strs)
+    else:
+        warnings.warn("Invalid argument to oneOf, expected string or iterable",
+                SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+    if not symbols:
+        return NoMatch()
+
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(symbols)-1:
+        cur = symbols[i]
+        for j,other in enumerate(symbols[i+1:]):
+            if ( isequal(other, cur) ):
+                del symbols[i+j+1]
+                break
+            elif ( masks(cur, other) ):
+                del symbols[i+j+1]
+                symbols.insert(i,other)
+                cur = other
+                break
+        else:
+            i += 1
+
+    if not caseless and useRegex:
+        #~ print (strs,"->", "|".join( [ _escapeRegexChars(sym) for sym in symbols] ))
+        try:
+            if len(symbols)==len("".join(symbols)):
+                return Regex( "[%s]" % "".join(_escapeRegexRangeChars(sym) for sym in symbols) ).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+            else:
+                return Regex( "|".join(re.escape(sym) for sym in symbols) ).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+        except Exception:
+            warnings.warn("Exception creating Regex for oneOf, building MatchFirst",
+                    SyntaxWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+
+    # last resort, just use MatchFirst
+    return MatchFirst(parseElementClass(sym) for sym in symbols).setName(' | '.join(symbols))
+
+def dictOf( key, value ):
+    """
+    Helper to easily and clearly define a dictionary by specifying the respective patterns
+    for the key and value.  Takes care of defining the C{L{Dict}}, C{L{ZeroOrMore}}, and C{L{Group}} tokens
+    in the proper order.  The key pattern can include delimiting markers or punctuation,
+    as long as they are suppressed, thereby leaving the significant key text.  The value
+    pattern can include named results, so that the C{Dict} results can include named token
+    fields.
+
+    Example::
+        text = "shape: SQUARE posn: upper left color: light blue texture: burlap"
+        attr_expr = (label + Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join))
+        print(OneOrMore(attr_expr).parseString(text).dump())
+        
+        attr_label = label
+        attr_value = Suppress(':') + OneOrMore(data_word, stopOn=label).setParseAction(' '.join)
+
+        # similar to Dict, but simpler call format
+        result = dictOf(attr_label, attr_value).parseString(text)
+        print(result.dump())
+        print(result['shape'])
+        print(result.shape)  # object attribute access works too
+        print(result.asDict())
+    prints::
+        [['shape', 'SQUARE'], ['posn', 'upper left'], ['color', 'light blue'], ['texture', 'burlap']]
+        - color: light blue
+        - posn: upper left
+        - shape: SQUARE
+        - texture: burlap
+        SQUARE
+        SQUARE
+        {'color': 'light blue', 'shape': 'SQUARE', 'posn': 'upper left', 'texture': 'burlap'}
+    """
+    return Dict( ZeroOrMore( Group ( key + value ) ) )
+
+def originalTextFor(expr, asString=True):
+    """
+    Helper to return the original, untokenized text for a given expression.  Useful to
+    restore the parsed fields of an HTML start tag into the raw tag text itself, or to
+    revert separate tokens with intervening whitespace back to the original matching
+    input text. By default, returns astring containing the original parsed text.  
+       
+    If the optional C{asString} argument is passed as C{False}, then the return value is a 
+    C{L{ParseResults}} containing any results names that were originally matched, and a 
+    single token containing the original matched text from the input string.  So if 
+    the expression passed to C{L{originalTextFor}} contains expressions with defined
+    results names, you must set C{asString} to C{False} if you want to preserve those
+    results name values.
+
+    Example::
+        src = "this is test <b> bold <i>text</i> </b> normal text "
+        for tag in ("b","i"):
+            opener,closer = makeHTMLTags(tag)
+            patt = originalTextFor(opener + SkipTo(closer) + closer)
+            print(patt.searchString(src)[0])
+    prints::
+        ['<b> bold <i>text</i> </b>']
+        ['<i>text</i>']
+    """
+    locMarker = Empty().setParseAction(lambda s,loc,t: loc)
+    endlocMarker = locMarker.copy()
+    endlocMarker.callPreparse = False
+    matchExpr = locMarker("_original_start") + expr + endlocMarker("_original_end")
+    if asString:
+        extractText = lambda s,l,t: s[t._original_start:t._original_end]
+    else:
+        def extractText(s,l,t):
+            t[:] = [s[t.pop('_original_start'):t.pop('_original_end')]]
+    matchExpr.setParseAction(extractText)
+    matchExpr.ignoreExprs = expr.ignoreExprs
+    return matchExpr
+
+def ungroup(expr): 
+    """
+    Helper to undo pyparsing's default grouping of And expressions, even
+    if all but one are non-empty.
+    """
+    return TokenConverter(expr).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0])
+
+def locatedExpr(expr):
+    """
+    Helper to decorate a returned token with its starting and ending locations in the input string.
+    This helper adds the following results names:
+     - locn_start = location where matched expression begins
+     - locn_end = location where matched expression ends
+     - value = the actual parsed results
+
+    Be careful if the input text contains C{<TAB>} characters, you may want to call
+    C{L{ParserElement.parseWithTabs}}
+
+    Example::
+        wd = Word(alphas)
+        for match in locatedExpr(wd).searchString("ljsdf123lksdjjf123lkkjj1222"):
+            print(match)
+    prints::
+        [[0, 'ljsdf', 5]]
+        [[8, 'lksdjjf', 15]]
+        [[18, 'lkkjj', 23]]
+    """
+    locator = Empty().setParseAction(lambda s,l,t: l)
+    return Group(locator("locn_start") + expr("value") + locator.copy().leaveWhitespace()("locn_end"))
+
+
+# convenience constants for positional expressions
+empty       = Empty().setName("empty")
+lineStart   = LineStart().setName("lineStart")
+lineEnd     = LineEnd().setName("lineEnd")
+stringStart = StringStart().setName("stringStart")
+stringEnd   = StringEnd().setName("stringEnd")
+
+_escapedPunc = Word( _bslash, r"\[]-*.$+^?()~ ", exact=2 ).setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0][1])
+_escapedHexChar = Regex(r"\\0?[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:unichr(int(t[0].lstrip(r'\0x'),16)))
+_escapedOctChar = Regex(r"\\0[0-7]+").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:unichr(int(t[0][1:],8)))
+_singleChar = _escapedPunc | _escapedHexChar | _escapedOctChar | CharsNotIn(r'\]', exact=1)
+_charRange = Group(_singleChar + Suppress("-") + _singleChar)
+_reBracketExpr = Literal("[") + Optional("^").setResultsName("negate") + Group( OneOrMore( _charRange | _singleChar ) ).setResultsName("body") + "]"
+
+def srange(s):
+    r"""
+    Helper to easily define string ranges for use in Word construction.  Borrows
+    syntax from regexp '[]' string range definitions::
+        srange("[0-9]")   -> "0123456789"
+        srange("[a-z]")   -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+        srange("[a-z$_]") -> "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz$_"
+    The input string must be enclosed in []'s, and the returned string is the expanded
+    character set joined into a single string.
+    The values enclosed in the []'s may be:
+     - a single character
+     - an escaped character with a leading backslash (such as C{\-} or C{\]})
+     - an escaped hex character with a leading C{'\x'} (C{\x21}, which is a C{'!'} character) 
+         (C{\0x##} is also supported for backwards compatibility) 
+     - an escaped octal character with a leading C{'\0'} (C{\041}, which is a C{'!'} character)
+     - a range of any of the above, separated by a dash (C{'a-z'}, etc.)
+     - any combination of the above (C{'aeiouy'}, C{'a-zA-Z0-9_$'}, etc.)
+    """
+    _expanded = lambda p: p if not isinstance(p,ParseResults) else ''.join(unichr(c) for c in range(ord(p[0]),ord(p[1])+1))
+    try:
+        return "".join(_expanded(part) for part in _reBracketExpr.parseString(s).body)
+    except Exception:
+        return ""
+
+def matchOnlyAtCol(n):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining parse actions that require matching at a specific
+    column in the input text.
+    """
+    def verifyCol(strg,locn,toks):
+        if col(locn,strg) != n:
+            raise ParseException(strg,locn,"matched token not at column %d" % n)
+    return verifyCol
+
+def replaceWith(replStr):
+    """
+    Helper method for common parse actions that simply return a literal value.  Especially
+    useful when used with C{L{transformString<ParserElement.transformString>}()}.
+
+    Example::
+        num = Word(nums).setParseAction(lambda toks: int(toks[0]))
+        na = oneOf("N/A NA").setParseAction(replaceWith(math.nan))
+        term = na | num
+        
+        OneOrMore(term).parseString("324 234 N/A 234") # -> [324, 234, nan, 234]
+    """
+    return lambda s,l,t: [replStr]
+
+def removeQuotes(s,l,t):
+    """
+    Helper parse action for removing quotation marks from parsed quoted strings.
+
+    Example::
+        # by default, quotation marks are included in parsed results
+        quotedString.parseString("'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'") # -> ["'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'"]
+
+        # use removeQuotes to strip quotation marks from parsed results
+        quotedString.setParseAction(removeQuotes)
+        quotedString.parseString("'Now is the Winter of our Discontent'") # -> ["Now is the Winter of our Discontent"]
+    """
+    return t[0][1:-1]
+
+def tokenMap(func, *args):
+    """
+    Helper to define a parse action by mapping a function to all elements of a ParseResults list.If any additional 
+    args are passed, they are forwarded to the given function as additional arguments after
+    the token, as in C{hex_integer = Word(hexnums).setParseAction(tokenMap(int, 16))}, which will convert the
+    parsed data to an integer using base 16.
+
+    Example (compare the last to example in L{ParserElement.transformString}::
+        hex_ints = OneOrMore(Word(hexnums)).setParseAction(tokenMap(int, 16))
+        hex_ints.runTests('''
+            00 11 22 aa FF 0a 0d 1a
+            ''')
+        
+        upperword = Word(alphas).setParseAction(tokenMap(str.upper))
+        OneOrMore(upperword).runTests('''
+            my kingdom for a horse
+            ''')
+
+        wd = Word(alphas).setParseAction(tokenMap(str.title))
+        OneOrMore(wd).setParseAction(' '.join).runTests('''
+            now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        00 11 22 aa FF 0a 0d 1a
+        [0, 17, 34, 170, 255, 10, 13, 26]
+
+        my kingdom for a horse
+        ['MY', 'KINGDOM', 'FOR', 'A', 'HORSE']
+
+        now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this sun of york
+        ['Now Is The Winter Of Our Discontent Made Glorious Summer By This Sun Of York']
+    """
+    def pa(s,l,t):
+        return [func(tokn, *args) for tokn in t]
+
+    try:
+        func_name = getattr(func, '__name__', 
+                            getattr(func, '__class__').__name__)
+    except Exception:
+        func_name = str(func)
+    pa.__name__ = func_name
+
+    return pa
+
+upcaseTokens = tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).upper())
+"""(Deprecated) Helper parse action to convert tokens to upper case. Deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.upcaseTokens}"""
+
+downcaseTokens = tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).lower())
+"""(Deprecated) Helper parse action to convert tokens to lower case. Deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.downcaseTokens}"""
+    
+def _makeTags(tagStr, xml):
+    """Internal helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions, given a tag name"""
+    if isinstance(tagStr,basestring):
+        resname = tagStr
+        tagStr = Keyword(tagStr, caseless=not xml)
+    else:
+        resname = tagStr.name
+
+    tagAttrName = Word(alphas,alphanums+"_-:")
+    if (xml):
+        tagAttrValue = dblQuotedString.copy().setParseAction( removeQuotes )
+        openTag = Suppress("<") + tagStr("tag") + \
+                Dict(ZeroOrMore(Group( tagAttrName + Suppress("=") + tagAttrValue ))) + \
+                Optional("/",default=[False]).setResultsName("empty").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0]=='/') + Suppress(">")
+    else:
+        printablesLessRAbrack = "".join(c for c in printables if c not in ">")
+        tagAttrValue = quotedString.copy().setParseAction( removeQuotes ) | Word(printablesLessRAbrack)
+        openTag = Suppress("<") + tagStr("tag") + \
+                Dict(ZeroOrMore(Group( tagAttrName.setParseAction(downcaseTokens) + \
+                Optional( Suppress("=") + tagAttrValue ) ))) + \
+                Optional("/",default=[False]).setResultsName("empty").setParseAction(lambda s,l,t:t[0]=='/') + Suppress(">")
+    closeTag = Combine(_L("</") + tagStr + ">")
+
+    openTag = openTag.setResultsName("start"+"".join(resname.replace(":"," ").title().split())).setName("<%s>" % resname)
+    closeTag = closeTag.setResultsName("end"+"".join(resname.replace(":"," ").title().split())).setName("</%s>" % resname)
+    openTag.tag = resname
+    closeTag.tag = resname
+    return openTag, closeTag
+
+def makeHTMLTags(tagStr):
+    """
+    Helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions for HTML, given a tag name. Matches
+    tags in either upper or lower case, attributes with namespaces and with quoted or unquoted values.
+
+    Example::
+        text = '<td>More info at the <a href="http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com">pyparsing</a> wiki page</td>'
+        # makeHTMLTags returns pyparsing expressions for the opening and closing tags as a 2-tuple
+        a,a_end = makeHTMLTags("A")
+        link_expr = a + SkipTo(a_end)("link_text") + a_end
+        
+        for link in link_expr.searchString(text):
+            # attributes in the <A> tag (like "href" shown here) are also accessible as named results
+            print(link.link_text, '->', link.href)
+    prints::
+        pyparsing -> http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com
+    """
+    return _makeTags( tagStr, False )
+
+def makeXMLTags(tagStr):
+    """
+    Helper to construct opening and closing tag expressions for XML, given a tag name. Matches
+    tags only in the given upper/lower case.
+
+    Example: similar to L{makeHTMLTags}
+    """
+    return _makeTags( tagStr, True )
+
+def withAttribute(*args,**attrDict):
+    """
+    Helper to create a validating parse action to be used with start tags created
+    with C{L{makeXMLTags}} or C{L{makeHTMLTags}}. Use C{withAttribute} to qualify a starting tag
+    with a required attribute value, to avoid false matches on common tags such as
+    C{<TD>} or C{<DIV>}.
+
+    Call C{withAttribute} with a series of attribute names and values. Specify the list
+    of filter attributes names and values as:
+     - keyword arguments, as in C{(align="right")}, or
+     - as an explicit dict with C{**} operator, when an attribute name is also a Python
+          reserved word, as in C{**{"class":"Customer", "align":"right"}}
+     - a list of name-value tuples, as in ( ("ns1:class", "Customer"), ("ns2:align","right") )
+    For attribute names with a namespace prefix, you must use the second form.  Attribute
+    names are matched insensitive to upper/lower case.
+       
+    If just testing for C{class} (with or without a namespace), use C{L{withClass}}.
+
+    To verify that the attribute exists, but without specifying a value, pass
+    C{withAttribute.ANY_VALUE} as the value.
+
+    Example::
+        html = '''
+            <div>
+            Some text
+            <div type="grid">1 4 0 1 0</div>
+            <div type="graph">1,3 2,3 1,1</div>
+            <div>this has no type</div>
+            </div>
+                
+        '''
+        div,div_end = makeHTMLTags("div")
+
+        # only match div tag having a type attribute with value "grid"
+        div_grid = div().setParseAction(withAttribute(type="grid"))
+        grid_expr = div_grid + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for grid_header in grid_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(grid_header.body)
+        
+        # construct a match with any div tag having a type attribute, regardless of the value
+        div_any_type = div().setParseAction(withAttribute(type=withAttribute.ANY_VALUE))
+        div_expr = div_any_type + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for div_header in div_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(div_header.body)
+    prints::
+        1 4 0 1 0
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+        1,3 2,3 1,1
+    """
+    if args:
+        attrs = args[:]
+    else:
+        attrs = attrDict.items()
+    attrs = [(k,v) for k,v in attrs]
+    def pa(s,l,tokens):
+        for attrName,attrValue in attrs:
+            if attrName not in tokens:
+                raise ParseException(s,l,"no matching attribute " + attrName)
+            if attrValue != withAttribute.ANY_VALUE and tokens[attrName] != attrValue:
+                raise ParseException(s,l,"attribute '%s' has value '%s', must be '%s'" %
+                                            (attrName, tokens[attrName], attrValue))
+    return pa
+withAttribute.ANY_VALUE = object()
+
+def withClass(classname, namespace=''):
+    """
+    Simplified version of C{L{withAttribute}} when matching on a div class - made
+    difficult because C{class} is a reserved word in Python.
+
+    Example::
+        html = '''
+            <div>
+            Some text
+            <div class="grid">1 4 0 1 0</div>
+            <div class="graph">1,3 2,3 1,1</div>
+            <div>this &lt;div&gt; has no class</div>
+            </div>
+                
+        '''
+        div,div_end = makeHTMLTags("div")
+        div_grid = div().setParseAction(withClass("grid"))
+        
+        grid_expr = div_grid + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for grid_header in grid_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(grid_header.body)
+        
+        div_any_type = div().setParseAction(withClass(withAttribute.ANY_VALUE))
+        div_expr = div_any_type + SkipTo(div | div_end)("body")
+        for div_header in div_expr.searchString(html):
+            print(div_header.body)
+    prints::
+        1 4 0 1 0
+
+        1 4 0 1 0
+        1,3 2,3 1,1
+    """
+    classattr = "%s:class" % namespace if namespace else "class"
+    return withAttribute(**{classattr : classname})        
+
+opAssoc = _Constants()
+opAssoc.LEFT = object()
+opAssoc.RIGHT = object()
+
+def infixNotation( baseExpr, opList, lpar=Suppress('('), rpar=Suppress(')') ):
+    """
+    Helper method for constructing grammars of expressions made up of
+    operators working in a precedence hierarchy.  Operators may be unary or
+    binary, left- or right-associative.  Parse actions can also be attached
+    to operator expressions. The generated parser will also recognize the use 
+    of parentheses to override operator precedences (see example below).
+    
+    Note: if you define a deep operator list, you may see performance issues
+    when using infixNotation. See L{ParserElement.enablePackrat} for a
+    mechanism to potentially improve your parser performance.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - baseExpr - expression representing the most basic element for the nested
+     - opList - list of tuples, one for each operator precedence level in the
+      expression grammar; each tuple is of the form
+      (opExpr, numTerms, rightLeftAssoc, parseAction), where:
+       - opExpr is the pyparsing expression for the operator;
+          may also be a string, which will be converted to a Literal;
+          if numTerms is 3, opExpr is a tuple of two expressions, for the
+          two operators separating the 3 terms
+       - numTerms is the number of terms for this operator (must
+          be 1, 2, or 3)
+       - rightLeftAssoc is the indicator whether the operator is
+          right or left associative, using the pyparsing-defined
+          constants C{opAssoc.RIGHT} and C{opAssoc.LEFT}.
+       - parseAction is the parse action to be associated with
+          expressions matching this operator expression (the
+          parse action tuple member may be omitted); if the parse action
+          is passed a tuple or list of functions, this is equivalent to
+          calling C{setParseAction(*fn)} (L{ParserElement.setParseAction})
+     - lpar - expression for matching left-parentheses (default=C{Suppress('(')})
+     - rpar - expression for matching right-parentheses (default=C{Suppress(')')})
+
+    Example::
+        # simple example of four-function arithmetic with ints and variable names
+        integer = pyparsing_common.signed_integer
+        varname = pyparsing_common.identifier 
+        
+        arith_expr = infixNotation(integer | varname,
+            [
+            ('-', 1, opAssoc.RIGHT),
+            (oneOf('* /'), 2, opAssoc.LEFT),
+            (oneOf('+ -'), 2, opAssoc.LEFT),
+            ])
+        
+        arith_expr.runTests('''
+            5+3*6
+            (5+3)*6
+            -2--11
+            ''', fullDump=False)
+    prints::
+        5+3*6
+        [[5, '+', [3, '*', 6]]]
+
+        (5+3)*6
+        [[[5, '+', 3], '*', 6]]
+
+        -2--11
+        [[['-', 2], '-', ['-', 11]]]
+    """
+    ret = Forward()
+    lastExpr = baseExpr | ( lpar + ret + rpar )
+    for i,operDef in enumerate(opList):
+        opExpr,arity,rightLeftAssoc,pa = (operDef + (None,))[:4]
+        termName = "%s term" % opExpr if arity < 3 else "%s%s term" % opExpr
+        if arity == 3:
+            if opExpr is None or len(opExpr) != 2:
+                raise ValueError("if numterms=3, opExpr must be a tuple or list of two expressions")
+            opExpr1, opExpr2 = opExpr
+        thisExpr = Forward().setName(termName)
+        if rightLeftAssoc == opAssoc.LEFT:
+            if arity == 1:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr ) )
+            elif arity == 2:
+                if opExpr is not None:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr + lastExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr + lastExpr ) )
+                else:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr+lastExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore(lastExpr) )
+            elif arity == 3:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr1 + lastExpr + opExpr2 + lastExpr) + \
+                            Group( lastExpr + opExpr1 + lastExpr + opExpr2 + lastExpr )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("operator must be unary (1), binary (2), or ternary (3)")
+        elif rightLeftAssoc == opAssoc.RIGHT:
+            if arity == 1:
+                # try to avoid LR with this extra test
+                if not isinstance(opExpr, Optional):
+                    opExpr = Optional(opExpr)
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(opExpr.expr + thisExpr) + Group( opExpr + thisExpr )
+            elif arity == 2:
+                if opExpr is not None:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr + thisExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( opExpr + thisExpr ) )
+                else:
+                    matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + thisExpr) + Group( lastExpr + OneOrMore( thisExpr ) )
+            elif arity == 3:
+                matchExpr = FollowedBy(lastExpr + opExpr1 + thisExpr + opExpr2 + thisExpr) + \
+                            Group( lastExpr + opExpr1 + thisExpr + opExpr2 + thisExpr )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("operator must be unary (1), binary (2), or ternary (3)")
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("operator must indicate right or left associativity")
+        if pa:
+            if isinstance(pa, (tuple, list)):
+                matchExpr.setParseAction(*pa)
+            else:
+                matchExpr.setParseAction(pa)
+        thisExpr <<= ( matchExpr.setName(termName) | lastExpr )
+        lastExpr = thisExpr
+    ret <<= lastExpr
+    return ret
+
+operatorPrecedence = infixNotation
+"""(Deprecated) Former name of C{L{infixNotation}}, will be dropped in a future release."""
+
+dblQuotedString = Combine(Regex(r'"(?:[^"\n\r\\]|(?:"")|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*')+'"').setName("string enclosed in double quotes")
+sglQuotedString = Combine(Regex(r"'(?:[^'\n\r\\]|(?:'')|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*")+"'").setName("string enclosed in single quotes")
+quotedString = Combine(Regex(r'"(?:[^"\n\r\\]|(?:"")|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*')+'"'|
+                       Regex(r"'(?:[^'\n\r\\]|(?:'')|(?:\\(?:[^x]|x[0-9a-fA-F]+)))*")+"'").setName("quotedString using single or double quotes")
+unicodeString = Combine(_L('u') + quotedString.copy()).setName("unicode string literal")
+
+def nestedExpr(opener="(", closer=")", content=None, ignoreExpr=quotedString.copy()):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining nested lists enclosed in opening and closing
+    delimiters ("(" and ")" are the default).
+
+    Parameters:
+     - opener - opening character for a nested list (default=C{"("}); can also be a pyparsing expression
+     - closer - closing character for a nested list (default=C{")"}); can also be a pyparsing expression
+     - content - expression for items within the nested lists (default=C{None})
+     - ignoreExpr - expression for ignoring opening and closing delimiters (default=C{quotedString})
+
+    If an expression is not provided for the content argument, the nested
+    expression will capture all whitespace-delimited content between delimiters
+    as a list of separate values.
+
+    Use the C{ignoreExpr} argument to define expressions that may contain
+    opening or closing characters that should not be treated as opening
+    or closing characters for nesting, such as quotedString or a comment
+    expression.  Specify multiple expressions using an C{L{Or}} or C{L{MatchFirst}}.
+    The default is L{quotedString}, but if no expressions are to be ignored,
+    then pass C{None} for this argument.
+
+    Example::
+        data_type = oneOf("void int short long char float double")
+        decl_data_type = Combine(data_type + Optional(Word('*')))
+        ident = Word(alphas+'_', alphanums+'_')
+        number = pyparsing_common.number
+        arg = Group(decl_data_type + ident)
+        LPAR,RPAR = map(Suppress, "()")
+
+        code_body = nestedExpr('{', '}', ignoreExpr=(quotedString | cStyleComment))
+
+        c_function = (decl_data_type("type") 
+                      + ident("name")
+                      + LPAR + Optional(delimitedList(arg), [])("args") + RPAR 
+                      + code_body("body"))
+        c_function.ignore(cStyleComment)
+        
+        source_code = '''
+            int is_odd(int x) { 
+                return (x%2); 
+            }
+                
+            int dec_to_hex(char hchar) { 
+                if (hchar >= '0' && hchar <= '9') { 
+                    return (ord(hchar)-ord('0')); 
+                } else { 
+                    return (10+ord(hchar)-ord('A'));
+                } 
+            }
+        '''
+        for func in c_function.searchString(source_code):
+            print("%(name)s (%(type)s) args: %(args)s" % func)
+
+    prints::
+        is_odd (int) args: [['int', 'x']]
+        dec_to_hex (int) args: [['char', 'hchar']]
+    """
+    if opener == closer:
+        raise ValueError("opening and closing strings cannot be the same")
+    if content is None:
+        if isinstance(opener,basestring) and isinstance(closer,basestring):
+            if len(opener) == 1 and len(closer)==1:
+                if ignoreExpr is not None:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~ignoreExpr +
+                                    CharsNotIn(opener+closer+ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+                else:
+                    content = (empty.copy()+CharsNotIn(opener+closer+ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+            else:
+                if ignoreExpr is not None:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~ignoreExpr + 
+                                    ~Literal(opener) + ~Literal(closer) +
+                                    CharsNotIn(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+                else:
+                    content = (Combine(OneOrMore(~Literal(opener) + ~Literal(closer) +
+                                    CharsNotIn(ParserElement.DEFAULT_WHITE_CHARS,exact=1))
+                                ).setParseAction(lambda t:t[0].strip()))
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("opening and closing arguments must be strings if no content expression is given")
+    ret = Forward()
+    if ignoreExpr is not None:
+        ret <<= Group( Suppress(opener) + ZeroOrMore( ignoreExpr | ret | content ) + Suppress(closer) )
+    else:
+        ret <<= Group( Suppress(opener) + ZeroOrMore( ret | content )  + Suppress(closer) )
+    ret.setName('nested %s%s expression' % (opener,closer))
+    return ret
+
+def indentedBlock(blockStatementExpr, indentStack, indent=True):
+    """
+    Helper method for defining space-delimited indentation blocks, such as
+    those used to define block statements in Python source code.
+
+    Parameters:
+     - blockStatementExpr - expression defining syntax of statement that
+            is repeated within the indented block
+     - indentStack - list created by caller to manage indentation stack
+            (multiple statementWithIndentedBlock expressions within a single grammar
+            should share a common indentStack)
+     - indent - boolean indicating whether block must be indented beyond the
+            the current level; set to False for block of left-most statements
+            (default=C{True})
+
+    A valid block must contain at least one C{blockStatement}.
+
+    Example::
+        data = '''
+        def A(z):
+          A1
+          B = 100
+          G = A2
+          A2
+          A3
+        B
+        def BB(a,b,c):
+          BB1
+          def BBA():
+            bba1
+            bba2
+            bba3
+        C
+        D
+        def spam(x,y):
+             def eggs(z):
+                 pass
+        '''
+
+
+        indentStack = [1]
+        stmt = Forward()
+
+        identifier = Word(alphas, alphanums)
+        funcDecl = ("def" + identifier + Group( "(" + Optional( delimitedList(identifier) ) + ")" ) + ":")
+        func_body = indentedBlock(stmt, indentStack)
+        funcDef = Group( funcDecl + func_body )
+
+        rvalue = Forward()
+        funcCall = Group(identifier + "(" + Optional(delimitedList(rvalue)) + ")")
+        rvalue << (funcCall | identifier | Word(nums))
+        assignment = Group(identifier + "=" + rvalue)
+        stmt << ( funcDef | assignment | identifier )
+
+        module_body = OneOrMore(stmt)
+
+        parseTree = module_body.parseString(data)
+        parseTree.pprint()
+    prints::
+        [['def',
+          'A',
+          ['(', 'z', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [['A1'], [['B', '=', '100']], [['G', '=', 'A2']], ['A2'], ['A3']]],
+         'B',
+         ['def',
+          'BB',
+          ['(', 'a', 'b', 'c', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [['BB1'], [['def', 'BBA', ['(', ')'], ':', [['bba1'], ['bba2'], ['bba3']]]]]],
+         'C',
+         'D',
+         ['def',
+          'spam',
+          ['(', 'x', 'y', ')'],
+          ':',
+          [[['def', 'eggs', ['(', 'z', ')'], ':', [['pass']]]]]]] 
+    """
+    def checkPeerIndent(s,l,t):
+        if l >= len(s): return
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if curCol != indentStack[-1]:
+            if curCol > indentStack[-1]:
+                raise ParseFatalException(s,l,"illegal nesting")
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not a peer entry")
+
+    def checkSubIndent(s,l,t):
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if curCol > indentStack[-1]:
+            indentStack.append( curCol )
+        else:
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not a subentry")
+
+    def checkUnindent(s,l,t):
+        if l >= len(s): return
+        curCol = col(l,s)
+        if not(indentStack and curCol < indentStack[-1] and curCol <= indentStack[-2]):
+            raise ParseException(s,l,"not an unindent")
+        indentStack.pop()
+
+    NL = OneOrMore(LineEnd().setWhitespaceChars("\t ").suppress())
+    INDENT = (Empty() + Empty().setParseAction(checkSubIndent)).setName('INDENT')
+    PEER   = Empty().setParseAction(checkPeerIndent).setName('')
+    UNDENT = Empty().setParseAction(checkUnindent).setName('UNINDENT')
+    if indent:
+        smExpr = Group( Optional(NL) +
+            #~ FollowedBy(blockStatementExpr) +
+            INDENT + (OneOrMore( PEER + Group(blockStatementExpr) + Optional(NL) )) + UNDENT)
+    else:
+        smExpr = Group( Optional(NL) +
+            (OneOrMore( PEER + Group(blockStatementExpr) + Optional(NL) )) )
+    blockStatementExpr.ignore(_bslash + LineEnd())
+    return smExpr.setName('indented block')
+
+alphas8bit = srange(r"[\0xc0-\0xd6\0xd8-\0xf6\0xf8-\0xff]")
+punc8bit = srange(r"[\0xa1-\0xbf\0xd7\0xf7]")
+
+anyOpenTag,anyCloseTag = makeHTMLTags(Word(alphas,alphanums+"_:").setName('any tag'))
+_htmlEntityMap = dict(zip("gt lt amp nbsp quot apos".split(),'><& "\''))
+commonHTMLEntity = Regex('&(?P<entity>' + '|'.join(_htmlEntityMap.keys()) +");").setName("common HTML entity")
+def replaceHTMLEntity(t):
+    """Helper parser action to replace common HTML entities with their special characters"""
+    return _htmlEntityMap.get(t.entity)
+
+# it's easy to get these comment structures wrong - they're very common, so may as well make them available
+cStyleComment = Combine(Regex(r"/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*") + '*/').setName("C style comment")
+"Comment of the form C{/* ... */}"
+
+htmlComment = Regex(r"<!--[\s\S]*?-->").setName("HTML comment")
+"Comment of the form C{<!-- ... -->}"
+
+restOfLine = Regex(r".*").leaveWhitespace().setName("rest of line")
+dblSlashComment = Regex(r"//(?:\\\n|[^\n])*").setName("// comment")
+"Comment of the form C{// ... (to end of line)}"
+
+cppStyleComment = Combine(Regex(r"/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*") + '*/'| dblSlashComment).setName("C++ style comment")
+"Comment of either form C{L{cStyleComment}} or C{L{dblSlashComment}}"
+
+javaStyleComment = cppStyleComment
+"Same as C{L{cppStyleComment}}"
+
+pythonStyleComment = Regex(r"#.*").setName("Python style comment")
+"Comment of the form C{# ... (to end of line)}"
+
+_commasepitem = Combine(OneOrMore(Word(printables, excludeChars=',') +
+                                  Optional( Word(" \t") +
+                                            ~Literal(",") + ~LineEnd() ) ) ).streamline().setName("commaItem")
+commaSeparatedList = delimitedList( Optional( quotedString.copy() | _commasepitem, default="") ).setName("commaSeparatedList")
+"""(Deprecated) Predefined expression of 1 or more printable words or quoted strings, separated by commas.
+   This expression is deprecated in favor of L{pyparsing_common.comma_separated_list}."""
+
+# some other useful expressions - using lower-case class name since we are really using this as a namespace
+class pyparsing_common:
+    """
+    Here are some common low-level expressions that may be useful in jump-starting parser development:
+     - numeric forms (L{integers<integer>}, L{reals<real>}, L{scientific notation<sci_real>})
+     - common L{programming identifiers<identifier>}
+     - network addresses (L{MAC<mac_address>}, L{IPv4<ipv4_address>}, L{IPv6<ipv6_address>})
+     - ISO8601 L{dates<iso8601_date>} and L{datetime<iso8601_datetime>}
+     - L{UUID<uuid>}
+     - L{comma-separated list<comma_separated_list>}
+    Parse actions:
+     - C{L{convertToInteger}}
+     - C{L{convertToFloat}}
+     - C{L{convertToDate}}
+     - C{L{convertToDatetime}}
+     - C{L{stripHTMLTags}}
+     - C{L{upcaseTokens}}
+     - C{L{downcaseTokens}}
+
+    Example::
+        pyparsing_common.number.runTests('''
+            # any int or real number, returned as the appropriate type
+            100
+            -100
+            +100
+            3.14159
+            6.02e23
+            1e-12
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.fnumber.runTests('''
+            # any int or real number, returned as float
+            100
+            -100
+            +100
+            3.14159
+            6.02e23
+            1e-12
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.hex_integer.runTests('''
+            # hex numbers
+            100
+            FF
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.fraction.runTests('''
+            # fractions
+            1/2
+            -3/4
+            ''')
+
+        pyparsing_common.mixed_integer.runTests('''
+            # mixed fractions
+            1
+            1/2
+            -3/4
+            1-3/4
+            ''')
+
+        import uuid
+        pyparsing_common.uuid.setParseAction(tokenMap(uuid.UUID))
+        pyparsing_common.uuid.runTests('''
+            # uuid
+            12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+            ''')
+    prints::
+        # any int or real number, returned as the appropriate type
+        100
+        [100]
+
+        -100
+        [-100]
+
+        +100
+        [100]
+
+        3.14159
+        [3.14159]
+
+        6.02e23
+        [6.02e+23]
+
+        1e-12
+        [1e-12]
+
+        # any int or real number, returned as float
+        100
+        [100.0]
+
+        -100
+        [-100.0]
+
+        +100
+        [100.0]
+
+        3.14159
+        [3.14159]
+
+        6.02e23
+        [6.02e+23]
+
+        1e-12
+        [1e-12]
+
+        # hex numbers
+        100
+        [256]
+
+        FF
+        [255]
+
+        # fractions
+        1/2
+        [0.5]
+
+        -3/4
+        [-0.75]
+
+        # mixed fractions
+        1
+        [1]
+
+        1/2
+        [0.5]
+
+        -3/4
+        [-0.75]
+
+        1-3/4
+        [1.75]
+
+        # uuid
+        12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+        [UUID('12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678')]
+    """
+
+    convertToInteger = tokenMap(int)
+    """
+    Parse action for converting parsed integers to Python int
+    """
+
+    convertToFloat = tokenMap(float)
+    """
+    Parse action for converting parsed numbers to Python float
+    """
+
+    integer = Word(nums).setName("integer").setParseAction(convertToInteger)
+    """expression that parses an unsigned integer, returns an int"""
+
+    hex_integer = Word(hexnums).setName("hex integer").setParseAction(tokenMap(int,16))
+    """expression that parses a hexadecimal integer, returns an int"""
+
+    signed_integer = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+').setName("signed integer").setParseAction(convertToInteger)
+    """expression that parses an integer with optional leading sign, returns an int"""
+
+    fraction = (signed_integer().setParseAction(convertToFloat) + '/' + signed_integer().setParseAction(convertToFloat)).setName("fraction")
+    """fractional expression of an integer divided by an integer, returns a float"""
+    fraction.addParseAction(lambda t: t[0]/t[-1])
+
+    mixed_integer = (fraction | signed_integer + Optional(Optional('-').suppress() + fraction)).setName("fraction or mixed integer-fraction")
+    """mixed integer of the form 'integer - fraction', with optional leading integer, returns float"""
+    mixed_integer.addParseAction(sum)
+
+    real = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+\.\d*').setName("real number").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """expression that parses a floating point number and returns a float"""
+
+    sci_real = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+([eE][+-]?\d+|\.\d*([eE][+-]?\d+)?)').setName("real number with scientific notation").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """expression that parses a floating point number with optional scientific notation and returns a float"""
+
+    # streamlining this expression makes the docs nicer-looking
+    number = (sci_real | real | signed_integer).streamline()
+    """any numeric expression, returns the corresponding Python type"""
+
+    fnumber = Regex(r'[+-]?\d+\.?\d*([eE][+-]?\d+)?').setName("fnumber").setParseAction(convertToFloat)
+    """any int or real number, returned as float"""
+    
+    identifier = Word(alphas+'_', alphanums+'_').setName("identifier")
+    """typical code identifier (leading alpha or '_', followed by 0 or more alphas, nums, or '_')"""
+    
+    ipv4_address = Regex(r'(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9]{1,2})(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9]{1,2})){3}').setName("IPv4 address")
+    "IPv4 address (C{0.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255})"
+
+    _ipv6_part = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}').setName("hex_integer")
+    _full_ipv6_address = (_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*7).setName("full IPv6 address")
+    _short_ipv6_address = (Optional(_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*(0,6)) + "::" + Optional(_ipv6_part + (':' + _ipv6_part)*(0,6))).setName("short IPv6 address")
+    _short_ipv6_address.addCondition(lambda t: sum(1 for tt in t if pyparsing_common._ipv6_part.matches(tt)) < 8)
+    _mixed_ipv6_address = ("::ffff:" + ipv4_address).setName("mixed IPv6 address")
+    ipv6_address = Combine((_full_ipv6_address | _mixed_ipv6_address | _short_ipv6_address).setName("IPv6 address")).setName("IPv6 address")
+    "IPv6 address (long, short, or mixed form)"
+    
+    mac_address = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{2}([:.-])[0-9a-fA-F]{2}(?:\1[0-9a-fA-F]{2}){4}').setName("MAC address")
+    "MAC address xx:xx:xx:xx:xx (may also have '-' or '.' delimiters)"
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def convertToDate(fmt="%Y-%m-%d"):
+        """
+        Helper to create a parse action for converting parsed date string to Python datetime.date
+
+        Params -
+         - fmt - format to be passed to datetime.strptime (default=C{"%Y-%m-%d"})
+
+        Example::
+            date_expr = pyparsing_common.iso8601_date.copy()
+            date_expr.setParseAction(pyparsing_common.convertToDate())
+            print(date_expr.parseString("1999-12-31"))
+        prints::
+            [datetime.date(1999, 12, 31)]
+        """
+        def cvt_fn(s,l,t):
+            try:
+                return datetime.strptime(t[0], fmt).date()
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, str(ve))
+        return cvt_fn
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def convertToDatetime(fmt="%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f"):
+        """
+        Helper to create a parse action for converting parsed datetime string to Python datetime.datetime
+
+        Params -
+         - fmt - format to be passed to datetime.strptime (default=C{"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%f"})
+
+        Example::
+            dt_expr = pyparsing_common.iso8601_datetime.copy()
+            dt_expr.setParseAction(pyparsing_common.convertToDatetime())
+            print(dt_expr.parseString("1999-12-31T23:59:59.999"))
+        prints::
+            [datetime.datetime(1999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 999000)]
+        """
+        def cvt_fn(s,l,t):
+            try:
+                return datetime.strptime(t[0], fmt)
+            except ValueError as ve:
+                raise ParseException(s, l, str(ve))
+        return cvt_fn
+
+    iso8601_date = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})(?:-(?P<month>\d\d)(?:-(?P<day>\d\d))?)?').setName("ISO8601 date")
+    "ISO8601 date (C{yyyy-mm-dd})"
+
+    iso8601_datetime = Regex(r'(?P<year>\d{4})-(?P<month>\d\d)-(?P<day>\d\d)[T ](?P<hour>\d\d):(?P<minute>\d\d)(:(?P<second>\d\d(\.\d*)?)?)?(?P<tz>Z|[+-]\d\d:?\d\d)?').setName("ISO8601 datetime")
+    "ISO8601 datetime (C{yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.s(Z|+-00:00)}) - trailing seconds, milliseconds, and timezone optional; accepts separating C{'T'} or C{' '}"
+
+    uuid = Regex(r'[0-9a-fA-F]{8}(-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}){3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}').setName("UUID")
+    "UUID (C{xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx})"
+
+    _html_stripper = anyOpenTag.suppress() | anyCloseTag.suppress()
+    @staticmethod
+    def stripHTMLTags(s, l, tokens):
+        """
+        Parse action to remove HTML tags from web page HTML source
+
+        Example::
+            # strip HTML links from normal text 
+            text = '<td>More info at the <a href="http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com">pyparsing</a> wiki page</td>'
+            td,td_end = makeHTMLTags("TD")
+            table_text = td + SkipTo(td_end).setParseAction(pyparsing_common.stripHTMLTags)("body") + td_end
+            
+            print(table_text.parseString(text).body) # -> 'More info at the pyparsing wiki page'
+        """
+        return pyparsing_common._html_stripper.transformString(tokens[0])
+
+    _commasepitem = Combine(OneOrMore(~Literal(",") + ~LineEnd() + Word(printables, excludeChars=',') 
+                                        + Optional( White(" \t") ) ) ).streamline().setName("commaItem")
+    comma_separated_list = delimitedList( Optional( quotedString.copy() | _commasepitem, default="") ).setName("comma separated list")
+    """Predefined expression of 1 or more printable words or quoted strings, separated by commas."""
+
+    upcaseTokens = staticmethod(tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).upper()))
+    """Parse action to convert tokens to upper case."""
+
+    downcaseTokens = staticmethod(tokenMap(lambda t: _ustr(t).lower()))
+    """Parse action to convert tokens to lower case."""
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+
+    selectToken    = CaselessLiteral("select")
+    fromToken      = CaselessLiteral("from")
+
+    ident          = Word(alphas, alphanums + "_$")
+
+    columnName     = delimitedList(ident, ".", combine=True).setParseAction(upcaseTokens)
+    columnNameList = Group(delimitedList(columnName)).setName("columns")
+    columnSpec     = ('*' | columnNameList)
+
+    tableName      = delimitedList(ident, ".", combine=True).setParseAction(upcaseTokens)
+    tableNameList  = Group(delimitedList(tableName)).setName("tables")
+    
+    simpleSQL      = selectToken("command") + columnSpec("columns") + fromToken + tableNameList("tables")
+
+    # demo runTests method, including embedded comments in test string
+    simpleSQL.runTests("""
+        # '*' as column list and dotted table name
+        select * from SYS.XYZZY
+
+        # caseless match on "SELECT", and casts back to "select"
+        SELECT * from XYZZY, ABC
+
+        # list of column names, and mixed case SELECT keyword
+        Select AA,BB,CC from Sys.dual
+
+        # multiple tables
+        Select A, B, C from Sys.dual, Table2
+
+        # invalid SELECT keyword - should fail
+        Xelect A, B, C from Sys.dual
+
+        # incomplete command - should fail
+        Select
+
+        # invalid column name - should fail
+        Select ^^^ frox Sys.dual
+
+        """)
+
+    pyparsing_common.number.runTests("""
+        100
+        -100
+        +100
+        3.14159
+        6.02e23
+        1e-12
+        """)
+
+    # any int or real number, returned as float
+    pyparsing_common.fnumber.runTests("""
+        100
+        -100
+        +100
+        3.14159
+        6.02e23
+        1e-12
+        """)
+
+    pyparsing_common.hex_integer.runTests("""
+        100
+        FF
+        """)
+
+    import uuid
+    pyparsing_common.uuid.setParseAction(tokenMap(uuid.UUID))
+    pyparsing_common.uuid.runTests("""
+        12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678
+        """)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/six.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/six.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..190c023
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/_vendor/six.py
@@ -0,0 +1,868 @@
+"""Utilities for writing code that runs on Python 2 and 3"""
+
+# Copyright (c) 2010-2015 Benjamin Peterson
+#
+# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+#
+# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+#
+# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+# SOFTWARE.
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import functools
+import itertools
+import operator
+import sys
+import types
+
+__author__ = "Benjamin Peterson <benjamin@python.org>"
+__version__ = "1.10.0"
+
+
+# Useful for very coarse version differentiation.
+PY2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
+PY34 = sys.version_info[0:2] >= (3, 4)
+
+if PY3:
+    string_types = str,
+    integer_types = int,
+    class_types = type,
+    text_type = str
+    binary_type = bytes
+
+    MAXSIZE = sys.maxsize
+else:
+    string_types = basestring,
+    integer_types = (int, long)
+    class_types = (type, types.ClassType)
+    text_type = unicode
+    binary_type = str
+
+    if sys.platform.startswith("java"):
+        # Jython always uses 32 bits.
+        MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+    else:
+        # It's possible to have sizeof(long) != sizeof(Py_ssize_t).
+        class X(object):
+
+            def __len__(self):
+                return 1 << 31
+        try:
+            len(X())
+        except OverflowError:
+            # 32-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 31) - 1)
+        else:
+            # 64-bit
+            MAXSIZE = int((1 << 63) - 1)
+        del X
+
+
+def _add_doc(func, doc):
+    """Add documentation to a function."""
+    func.__doc__ = doc
+
+
+def _import_module(name):
+    """Import module, returning the module after the last dot."""
+    __import__(name)
+    return sys.modules[name]
+
+
+class _LazyDescr(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, tp):
+        result = self._resolve()
+        setattr(obj, self.name, result)  # Invokes __set__.
+        try:
+            # This is a bit ugly, but it avoids running this again by
+            # removing this descriptor.
+            delattr(obj.__class__, self.name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        return result
+
+
+class MovedModule(_LazyDescr):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, old, new=None):
+        super(MovedModule, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new is None:
+                new = name
+            self.mod = new
+        else:
+            self.mod = old
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        return _import_module(self.mod)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        _module = self._resolve()
+        value = getattr(_module, attr)
+        setattr(self, attr, value)
+        return value
+
+
+class _LazyModule(types.ModuleType):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        super(_LazyModule, self).__init__(name)
+        self.__doc__ = self.__class__.__doc__
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        attrs = ["__doc__", "__name__"]
+        attrs += [attr.name for attr in self._moved_attributes]
+        return attrs
+
+    # Subclasses should override this
+    _moved_attributes = []
+
+
+class MovedAttribute(_LazyDescr):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, old_mod, new_mod, old_attr=None, new_attr=None):
+        super(MovedAttribute, self).__init__(name)
+        if PY3:
+            if new_mod is None:
+                new_mod = name
+            self.mod = new_mod
+            if new_attr is None:
+                if old_attr is None:
+                    new_attr = name
+                else:
+                    new_attr = old_attr
+            self.attr = new_attr
+        else:
+            self.mod = old_mod
+            if old_attr is None:
+                old_attr = name
+            self.attr = old_attr
+
+    def _resolve(self):
+        module = _import_module(self.mod)
+        return getattr(module, self.attr)
+
+
+class _SixMetaPathImporter(object):
+
+    """
+    A meta path importer to import six.moves and its submodules.
+
+    This class implements a PEP302 finder and loader. It should be compatible
+    with Python 2.5 and all existing versions of Python3
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, six_module_name):
+        self.name = six_module_name
+        self.known_modules = {}
+
+    def _add_module(self, mod, *fullnames):
+        for fullname in fullnames:
+            self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname] = mod
+
+    def _get_module(self, fullname):
+        return self.known_modules[self.name + "." + fullname]
+
+    def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
+        if fullname in self.known_modules:
+            return self
+        return None
+
+    def __get_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            return self.known_modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ImportError("This loader does not know module " + fullname)
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        try:
+            # in case of a reload
+            return sys.modules[fullname]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        mod = self.__get_module(fullname)
+        if isinstance(mod, MovedModule):
+            mod = mod._resolve()
+        else:
+            mod.__loader__ = self
+        sys.modules[fullname] = mod
+        return mod
+
+    def is_package(self, fullname):
+        """
+        Return true, if the named module is a package.
+
+        We need this method to get correct spec objects with
+        Python 3.4 (see PEP451)
+        """
+        return hasattr(self.__get_module(fullname), "__path__")
+
+    def get_code(self, fullname):
+        """Return None
+
+        Required, if is_package is implemented"""
+        self.__get_module(fullname)  # eventually raises ImportError
+        return None
+    get_source = get_code  # same as get_code
+
+_importer = _SixMetaPathImporter(__name__)
+
+
+class _MovedItems(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects"""
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+
+
+_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("cStringIO", "cStringIO", "io", "StringIO"),
+    MovedAttribute("filter", "itertools", "builtins", "ifilter", "filter"),
+    MovedAttribute("filterfalse", "itertools", "itertools", "ifilterfalse", "filterfalse"),
+    MovedAttribute("input", "__builtin__", "builtins", "raw_input", "input"),
+    MovedAttribute("intern", "__builtin__", "sys"),
+    MovedAttribute("map", "itertools", "builtins", "imap", "map"),
+    MovedAttribute("getcwd", "os", "os", "getcwdu", "getcwd"),
+    MovedAttribute("getcwdb", "os", "os", "getcwd", "getcwdb"),
+    MovedAttribute("range", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute("reload_module", "__builtin__", "importlib" if PY34 else "imp", "reload"),
+    MovedAttribute("reduce", "__builtin__", "functools"),
+    MovedAttribute("shlex_quote", "pipes", "shlex", "quote"),
+    MovedAttribute("StringIO", "StringIO", "io"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserDict", "UserDict", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserList", "UserList", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("UserString", "UserString", "collections"),
+    MovedAttribute("xrange", "__builtin__", "builtins", "xrange", "range"),
+    MovedAttribute("zip", "itertools", "builtins", "izip", "zip"),
+    MovedAttribute("zip_longest", "itertools", "itertools", "izip_longest", "zip_longest"),
+    MovedModule("builtins", "__builtin__"),
+    MovedModule("configparser", "ConfigParser"),
+    MovedModule("copyreg", "copy_reg"),
+    MovedModule("dbm_gnu", "gdbm", "dbm.gnu"),
+    MovedModule("_dummy_thread", "dummy_thread", "_dummy_thread"),
+    MovedModule("http_cookiejar", "cookielib", "http.cookiejar"),
+    MovedModule("http_cookies", "Cookie", "http.cookies"),
+    MovedModule("html_entities", "htmlentitydefs", "html.entities"),
+    MovedModule("html_parser", "HTMLParser", "html.parser"),
+    MovedModule("http_client", "httplib", "http.client"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_multipart", "email.MIMEMultipart", "email.mime.multipart"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_nonmultipart", "email.MIMENonMultipart", "email.mime.nonmultipart"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_text", "email.MIMEText", "email.mime.text"),
+    MovedModule("email_mime_base", "email.MIMEBase", "email.mime.base"),
+    MovedModule("BaseHTTPServer", "BaseHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("CGIHTTPServer", "CGIHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("SimpleHTTPServer", "SimpleHTTPServer", "http.server"),
+    MovedModule("cPickle", "cPickle", "pickle"),
+    MovedModule("queue", "Queue"),
+    MovedModule("reprlib", "repr"),
+    MovedModule("socketserver", "SocketServer"),
+    MovedModule("_thread", "thread", "_thread"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter", "Tkinter"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dialog", "Dialog", "tkinter.dialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_filedialog", "FileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_scrolledtext", "ScrolledText", "tkinter.scrolledtext"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_simpledialog", "SimpleDialog", "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tix", "Tix", "tkinter.tix"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_ttk", "ttk", "tkinter.ttk"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_constants", "Tkconstants", "tkinter.constants"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_dnd", "Tkdnd", "tkinter.dnd"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_colorchooser", "tkColorChooser",
+                "tkinter.colorchooser"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_commondialog", "tkCommonDialog",
+                "tkinter.commondialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tkfiledialog", "tkFileDialog", "tkinter.filedialog"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_font", "tkFont", "tkinter.font"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_messagebox", "tkMessageBox", "tkinter.messagebox"),
+    MovedModule("tkinter_tksimpledialog", "tkSimpleDialog",
+                "tkinter.simpledialog"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_parse", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_error", __name__ + ".moves.urllib_error", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedModule("urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib", __name__ + ".moves.urllib"),
+    MovedModule("urllib_robotparser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_client", "xmlrpclib", "xmlrpc.client"),
+    MovedModule("xmlrpc_server", "SimpleXMLRPCServer", "xmlrpc.server"),
+]
+# Add windows specific modules.
+if sys.platform == "win32":
+    _moved_attributes += [
+        MovedModule("winreg", "_winreg"),
+    ]
+
+for attr in _moved_attributes:
+    setattr(_MovedItems, attr.name, attr)
+    if isinstance(attr, MovedModule):
+        _importer._add_module(attr, "moves." + attr.name)
+del attr
+
+_MovedItems._moved_attributes = _moved_attributes
+
+moves = _MovedItems(__name__ + ".moves")
+_importer._add_module(moves, "moves")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_parse"""
+
+
+_urllib_parse_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("ParseResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("SplitResult", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qs", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("parse_qsl", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urldefrag", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urljoin", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunparse", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlunsplit", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("quote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("unquote_plus", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlencode", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splitquery", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splittag", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("splituser", "urllib", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_fragment", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_netloc", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_params", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_query", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+    MovedAttribute("uses_relative", "urlparse", "urllib.parse"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_parse_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_parse, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_parse._moved_attributes = _urllib_parse_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_parse(__name__ + ".moves.urllib_parse"),
+                      "moves.urllib_parse", "moves.urllib.parse")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_error(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_error"""
+
+
+_urllib_error_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("URLError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPError", "urllib2", "urllib.error"),
+    MovedAttribute("ContentTooShortError", "urllib", "urllib.error"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_error_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_error, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_error._moved_attributes = _urllib_error_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_error(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.error"),
+                      "moves.urllib_error", "moves.urllib.error")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_request(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_request"""
+
+
+_urllib_request_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("urlopen", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("install_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("build_opener", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("pathname2url", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("url2pathname", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("getproxies", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("Request", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("OpenerDirector", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDefaultErrorHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPRedirectHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPCookieProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("BaseHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgr", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyBasicAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("AbstractDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("ProxyDigestAuthHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPSHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FileHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("CacheFTPHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("UnknownHandler", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("HTTPErrorProcessor", "urllib2", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlretrieve", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("urlcleanup", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("URLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("FancyURLopener", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+    MovedAttribute("proxy_bypass", "urllib", "urllib.request"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_request_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_request, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_request._moved_attributes = _urllib_request_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_request(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.request"),
+                      "moves.urllib_request", "moves.urllib.request")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_response(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_response"""
+
+
+_urllib_response_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("addbase", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addclosehook", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfo", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+    MovedAttribute("addinfourl", "urllib", "urllib.response"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_response_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_response, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_response._moved_attributes = _urllib_response_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_response(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.response"),
+                      "moves.urllib_response", "moves.urllib.response")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(_LazyModule):
+
+    """Lazy loading of moved objects in six.moves.urllib_robotparser"""
+
+
+_urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes = [
+    MovedAttribute("RobotFileParser", "robotparser", "urllib.robotparser"),
+]
+for attr in _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes:
+    setattr(Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser, attr.name, attr)
+del attr
+
+Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser._moved_attributes = _urllib_robotparser_moved_attributes
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib_robotparser(__name__ + ".moves.urllib.robotparser"),
+                      "moves.urllib_robotparser", "moves.urllib.robotparser")
+
+
+class Module_six_moves_urllib(types.ModuleType):
+
+    """Create a six.moves.urllib namespace that resembles the Python 3 namespace"""
+    __path__ = []  # mark as package
+    parse = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_parse")
+    error = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_error")
+    request = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_request")
+    response = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_response")
+    robotparser = _importer._get_module("moves.urllib_robotparser")
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return ['parse', 'error', 'request', 'response', 'robotparser']
+
+_importer._add_module(Module_six_moves_urllib(__name__ + ".moves.urllib"),
+                      "moves.urllib")
+
+
+def add_move(move):
+    """Add an item to six.moves."""
+    setattr(_MovedItems, move.name, move)
+
+
+def remove_move(name):
+    """Remove item from six.moves."""
+    try:
+        delattr(_MovedItems, name)
+    except AttributeError:
+        try:
+            del moves.__dict__[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError("no such move, %r" % (name,))
+
+
+if PY3:
+    _meth_func = "__func__"
+    _meth_self = "__self__"
+
+    _func_closure = "__closure__"
+    _func_code = "__code__"
+    _func_defaults = "__defaults__"
+    _func_globals = "__globals__"
+else:
+    _meth_func = "im_func"
+    _meth_self = "im_self"
+
+    _func_closure = "func_closure"
+    _func_code = "func_code"
+    _func_defaults = "func_defaults"
+    _func_globals = "func_globals"
+
+
+try:
+    advance_iterator = next
+except NameError:
+    def advance_iterator(it):
+        return it.next()
+next = advance_iterator
+
+
+try:
+    callable = callable
+except NameError:
+    def callable(obj):
+        return any("__call__" in klass.__dict__ for klass in type(obj).__mro__)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound
+
+    create_bound_method = types.MethodType
+
+    def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
+        return func
+
+    Iterator = object
+else:
+    def get_unbound_function(unbound):
+        return unbound.im_func
+
+    def create_bound_method(func, obj):
+        return types.MethodType(func, obj, obj.__class__)
+
+    def create_unbound_method(func, cls):
+        return types.MethodType(func, None, cls)
+
+    class Iterator(object):
+
+        def next(self):
+            return type(self).__next__(self)
+
+    callable = callable
+_add_doc(get_unbound_function,
+         """Get the function out of a possibly unbound function""")
+
+
+get_method_function = operator.attrgetter(_meth_func)
+get_method_self = operator.attrgetter(_meth_self)
+get_function_closure = operator.attrgetter(_func_closure)
+get_function_code = operator.attrgetter(_func_code)
+get_function_defaults = operator.attrgetter(_func_defaults)
+get_function_globals = operator.attrgetter(_func_globals)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.keys(**kw))
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.values(**kw))
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.items(**kw))
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return iter(d.lists(**kw))
+
+    viewkeys = operator.methodcaller("keys")
+
+    viewvalues = operator.methodcaller("values")
+
+    viewitems = operator.methodcaller("items")
+else:
+    def iterkeys(d, **kw):
+        return d.iterkeys(**kw)
+
+    def itervalues(d, **kw):
+        return d.itervalues(**kw)
+
+    def iteritems(d, **kw):
+        return d.iteritems(**kw)
+
+    def iterlists(d, **kw):
+        return d.iterlists(**kw)
+
+    viewkeys = operator.methodcaller("viewkeys")
+
+    viewvalues = operator.methodcaller("viewvalues")
+
+    viewitems = operator.methodcaller("viewitems")
+
+_add_doc(iterkeys, "Return an iterator over the keys of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(itervalues, "Return an iterator over the values of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(iteritems,
+         "Return an iterator over the (key, value) pairs of a dictionary.")
+_add_doc(iterlists,
+         "Return an iterator over the (key, [values]) pairs of a dictionary.")
+
+
+if PY3:
+    def b(s):
+        return s.encode("latin-1")
+
+    def u(s):
+        return s
+    unichr = chr
+    import struct
+    int2byte = struct.Struct(">B").pack
+    del struct
+    byte2int = operator.itemgetter(0)
+    indexbytes = operator.getitem
+    iterbytes = iter
+    import io
+    StringIO = io.StringIO
+    BytesIO = io.BytesIO
+    _assertCountEqual = "assertCountEqual"
+    if sys.version_info[1] <= 1:
+        _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegexp"
+        _assertRegex = "assertRegexpMatches"
+    else:
+        _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegex"
+        _assertRegex = "assertRegex"
+else:
+    def b(s):
+        return s
+    # Workaround for standalone backslash
+
+    def u(s):
+        return unicode(s.replace(r'\\', r'\\\\'), "unicode_escape")
+    unichr = unichr
+    int2byte = chr
+
+    def byte2int(bs):
+        return ord(bs[0])
+
+    def indexbytes(buf, i):
+        return ord(buf[i])
+    iterbytes = functools.partial(itertools.imap, ord)
+    import StringIO
+    StringIO = BytesIO = StringIO.StringIO
+    _assertCountEqual = "assertItemsEqual"
+    _assertRaisesRegex = "assertRaisesRegexp"
+    _assertRegex = "assertRegexpMatches"
+_add_doc(b, """Byte literal""")
+_add_doc(u, """Text literal""")
+
+
+def assertCountEqual(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertCountEqual)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertRaisesRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertRaisesRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def assertRegex(self, *args, **kwargs):
+    return getattr(self, _assertRegex)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+if PY3:
+    exec_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "exec")
+
+    def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+        if value is None:
+            value = tp()
+        if value.__traceback__ is not tb:
+            raise value.with_traceback(tb)
+        raise value
+
+else:
+    def exec_(_code_, _globs_=None, _locs_=None):
+        """Execute code in a namespace."""
+        if _globs_ is None:
+            frame = sys._getframe(1)
+            _globs_ = frame.f_globals
+            if _locs_ is None:
+                _locs_ = frame.f_locals
+            del frame
+        elif _locs_ is None:
+            _locs_ = _globs_
+        exec("""exec _code_ in _globs_, _locs_""")
+
+    exec_("""def reraise(tp, value, tb=None):
+    raise tp, value, tb
+""")
+
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] == (3, 2):
+    exec_("""def raise_from(value, from_value):
+    if from_value is None:
+        raise value
+    raise value from from_value
+""")
+elif sys.version_info[:2] > (3, 2):
+    exec_("""def raise_from(value, from_value):
+    raise value from from_value
+""")
+else:
+    def raise_from(value, from_value):
+        raise value
+
+
+print_ = getattr(moves.builtins, "print", None)
+if print_ is None:
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        """The new-style print function for Python 2.4 and 2.5."""
+        fp = kwargs.pop("file", sys.stdout)
+        if fp is None:
+            return
+
+        def write(data):
+            if not isinstance(data, basestring):
+                data = str(data)
+            # If the file has an encoding, encode unicode with it.
+            if (isinstance(fp, file) and
+                    isinstance(data, unicode) and
+                    fp.encoding is not None):
+                errors = getattr(fp, "errors", None)
+                if errors is None:
+                    errors = "strict"
+                data = data.encode(fp.encoding, errors)
+            fp.write(data)
+        want_unicode = False
+        sep = kwargs.pop("sep", None)
+        if sep is not None:
+            if isinstance(sep, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(sep, str):
+                raise TypeError("sep must be None or a string")
+        end = kwargs.pop("end", None)
+        if end is not None:
+            if isinstance(end, unicode):
+                want_unicode = True
+            elif not isinstance(end, str):
+                raise TypeError("end must be None or a string")
+        if kwargs:
+            raise TypeError("invalid keyword arguments to print()")
+        if not want_unicode:
+            for arg in args:
+                if isinstance(arg, unicode):
+                    want_unicode = True
+                    break
+        if want_unicode:
+            newline = unicode("\n")
+            space = unicode(" ")
+        else:
+            newline = "\n"
+            space = " "
+        if sep is None:
+            sep = space
+        if end is None:
+            end = newline
+        for i, arg in enumerate(args):
+            if i:
+                write(sep)
+            write(arg)
+        write(end)
+if sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 3):
+    _print = print_
+
+    def print_(*args, **kwargs):
+        fp = kwargs.get("file", sys.stdout)
+        flush = kwargs.pop("flush", False)
+        _print(*args, **kwargs)
+        if flush and fp is not None:
+            fp.flush()
+
+_add_doc(reraise, """Reraise an exception.""")
+
+if sys.version_info[0:2] < (3, 4):
+    def wraps(wrapped, assigned=functools.WRAPPER_ASSIGNMENTS,
+              updated=functools.WRAPPER_UPDATES):
+        def wrapper(f):
+            f = functools.wraps(wrapped, assigned, updated)(f)
+            f.__wrapped__ = wrapped
+            return f
+        return wrapper
+else:
+    wraps = functools.wraps
+
+
+def with_metaclass(meta, *bases):
+    """Create a base class with a metaclass."""
+    # This requires a bit of explanation: the basic idea is to make a dummy
+    # metaclass for one level of class instantiation that replaces itself with
+    # the actual metaclass.
+    class metaclass(meta):
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, this_bases, d):
+            return meta(name, bases, d)
+    return type.__new__(metaclass, 'temporary_class', (), {})
+
+
+def add_metaclass(metaclass):
+    """Class decorator for creating a class with a metaclass."""
+    def wrapper(cls):
+        orig_vars = cls.__dict__.copy()
+        slots = orig_vars.get('__slots__')
+        if slots is not None:
+            if isinstance(slots, str):
+                slots = [slots]
+            for slots_var in slots:
+                orig_vars.pop(slots_var)
+        orig_vars.pop('__dict__', None)
+        orig_vars.pop('__weakref__', None)
+        return metaclass(cls.__name__, cls.__bases__, orig_vars)
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def python_2_unicode_compatible(klass):
+    """
+    A decorator that defines __unicode__ and __str__ methods under Python 2.
+    Under Python 3 it does nothing.
+
+    To support Python 2 and 3 with a single code base, define a __str__ method
+    returning text and apply this decorator to the class.
+    """
+    if PY2:
+        if '__str__' not in klass.__dict__:
+            raise ValueError("@python_2_unicode_compatible cannot be applied "
+                             "to %s because it doesn't define __str__()." %
+                             klass.__name__)
+        klass.__unicode__ = klass.__str__
+        klass.__str__ = lambda self: self.__unicode__().encode('utf-8')
+    return klass
+
+
+# Complete the moves implementation.
+# This code is at the end of this module to speed up module loading.
+# Turn this module into a package.
+__path__ = []  # required for PEP 302 and PEP 451
+__package__ = __name__  # see PEP 366 @ReservedAssignment
+if globals().get("__spec__") is not None:
+    __spec__.submodule_search_locations = []  # PEP 451 @UndefinedVariable
+# Remove other six meta path importers, since they cause problems. This can
+# happen if six is removed from sys.modules and then reloaded. (Setuptools does
+# this for some reason.)
+if sys.meta_path:
+    for i, importer in enumerate(sys.meta_path):
+        # Here's some real nastiness: Another "instance" of the six module might
+        # be floating around. Therefore, we can't use isinstance() to check for
+        # the six meta path importer, since the other six instance will have
+        # inserted an importer with different class.
+        if (type(importer).__name__ == "_SixMetaPathImporter" and
+                importer.name == __name__):
+            del sys.meta_path[i]
+            break
+    del i, importer
+# Finally, add the importer to the meta path import hook.
+sys.meta_path.append(_importer)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/archive_util.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/archive_util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8143604
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/archive_util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+"""Utilities for extracting common archive formats"""
+
+import zipfile
+import tarfile
+import os
+import shutil
+import posixpath
+import contextlib
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+
+from pkg_resources import ensure_directory
+
+__all__ = [
+    "unpack_archive", "unpack_zipfile", "unpack_tarfile", "default_filter",
+    "UnrecognizedFormat", "extraction_drivers", "unpack_directory",
+]
+
+
+class UnrecognizedFormat(DistutilsError):
+    """Couldn't recognize the archive type"""
+
+
+def default_filter(src, dst):
+    """The default progress/filter callback; returns True for all files"""
+    return dst
+
+
+def unpack_archive(filename, extract_dir, progress_filter=default_filter,
+        drivers=None):
+    """Unpack `filename` to `extract_dir`, or raise ``UnrecognizedFormat``
+
+    `progress_filter` is a function taking two arguments: a source path
+    internal to the archive ('/'-separated), and a filesystem path where it
+    will be extracted.  The callback must return the desired extract path
+    (which may be the same as the one passed in), or else ``None`` to skip
+    that file or directory.  The callback can thus be used to report on the
+    progress of the extraction, as well as to filter the items extracted or
+    alter their extraction paths.
+
+    `drivers`, if supplied, must be a non-empty sequence of functions with the
+    same signature as this function (minus the `drivers` argument), that raise
+    ``UnrecognizedFormat`` if they do not support extracting the designated
+    archive type.  The `drivers` are tried in sequence until one is found that
+    does not raise an error, or until all are exhausted (in which case
+    ``UnrecognizedFormat`` is raised).  If you do not supply a sequence of
+    drivers, the module's ``extraction_drivers`` constant will be used, which
+    means that ``unpack_zipfile`` and ``unpack_tarfile`` will be tried, in that
+    order.
+    """
+    for driver in drivers or extraction_drivers:
+        try:
+            driver(filename, extract_dir, progress_filter)
+        except UnrecognizedFormat:
+            continue
+        else:
+            return
+    else:
+        raise UnrecognizedFormat(
+            "Not a recognized archive type: %s" % filename
+        )
+
+
+def unpack_directory(filename, extract_dir, progress_filter=default_filter):
+    """"Unpack" a directory, using the same interface as for archives
+
+    Raises ``UnrecognizedFormat`` if `filename` is not a directory
+    """
+    if not os.path.isdir(filename):
+        raise UnrecognizedFormat("%s is not a directory" % filename)
+
+    paths = {
+        filename: ('', extract_dir),
+    }
+    for base, dirs, files in os.walk(filename):
+        src, dst = paths[base]
+        for d in dirs:
+            paths[os.path.join(base, d)] = src + d + '/', os.path.join(dst, d)
+        for f in files:
+            target = os.path.join(dst, f)
+            target = progress_filter(src + f, target)
+            if not target:
+                # skip non-files
+                continue
+            ensure_directory(target)
+            f = os.path.join(base, f)
+            shutil.copyfile(f, target)
+            shutil.copystat(f, target)
+
+
+def unpack_zipfile(filename, extract_dir, progress_filter=default_filter):
+    """Unpack zip `filename` to `extract_dir`
+
+    Raises ``UnrecognizedFormat`` if `filename` is not a zipfile (as determined
+    by ``zipfile.is_zipfile()``).  See ``unpack_archive()`` for an explanation
+    of the `progress_filter` argument.
+    """
+
+    if not zipfile.is_zipfile(filename):
+        raise UnrecognizedFormat("%s is not a zip file" % (filename,))
+
+    with zipfile.ZipFile(filename) as z:
+        for info in z.infolist():
+            name = info.filename
+
+            # don't extract absolute paths or ones with .. in them
+            if name.startswith('/') or '..' in name.split('/'):
+                continue
+
+            target = os.path.join(extract_dir, *name.split('/'))
+            target = progress_filter(name, target)
+            if not target:
+                continue
+            if name.endswith('/'):
+                # directory
+                ensure_directory(target)
+            else:
+                # file
+                ensure_directory(target)
+                data = z.read(info.filename)
+                with open(target, 'wb') as f:
+                    f.write(data)
+            unix_attributes = info.external_attr >> 16
+            if unix_attributes:
+                os.chmod(target, unix_attributes)
+
+
+def unpack_tarfile(filename, extract_dir, progress_filter=default_filter):
+    """Unpack tar/tar.gz/tar.bz2 `filename` to `extract_dir`
+
+    Raises ``UnrecognizedFormat`` if `filename` is not a tarfile (as determined
+    by ``tarfile.open()``).  See ``unpack_archive()`` for an explanation
+    of the `progress_filter` argument.
+    """
+    try:
+        tarobj = tarfile.open(filename)
+    except tarfile.TarError:
+        raise UnrecognizedFormat(
+            "%s is not a compressed or uncompressed tar file" % (filename,)
+        )
+    with contextlib.closing(tarobj):
+        # don't do any chowning!
+        tarobj.chown = lambda *args: None
+        for member in tarobj:
+            name = member.name
+            # don't extract absolute paths or ones with .. in them
+            if not name.startswith('/') and '..' not in name.split('/'):
+                prelim_dst = os.path.join(extract_dir, *name.split('/'))
+
+                # resolve any links and to extract the link targets as normal
+                # files
+                while member is not None and (member.islnk() or member.issym()):
+                    linkpath = member.linkname
+                    if member.issym():
+                        base = posixpath.dirname(member.name)
+                        linkpath = posixpath.join(base, linkpath)
+                        linkpath = posixpath.normpath(linkpath)
+                    member = tarobj._getmember(linkpath)
+
+                if member is not None and (member.isfile() or member.isdir()):
+                    final_dst = progress_filter(name, prelim_dst)
+                    if final_dst:
+                        if final_dst.endswith(os.sep):
+                            final_dst = final_dst[:-1]
+                        try:
+                            # XXX Ugh
+                            tarobj._extract_member(member, final_dst)
+                        except tarfile.ExtractError:
+                            # chown/chmod/mkfifo/mknode/makedev failed
+                            pass
+        return True
+
+
+extraction_drivers = unpack_directory, unpack_zipfile, unpack_tarfile
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70b7ab2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py
@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+"""A PEP 517 interface to setuptools
+
+Previously, when a user or a command line tool (let's call it a "frontend")
+needed to make a request of setuptools to take a certain action, for
+example, generating a list of installation requirements, the frontend would
+would call "setup.py egg_info" or "setup.py bdist_wheel" on the command line.
+
+PEP 517 defines a different method of interfacing with setuptools. Rather
+than calling "setup.py" directly, the frontend should:
+
+  1. Set the current directory to the directory with a setup.py file
+  2. Import this module into a safe python interpreter (one in which
+     setuptools can potentially set global variables or crash hard).
+  3. Call one of the functions defined in PEP 517.
+
+What each function does is defined in PEP 517. However, here is a "casual"
+definition of the functions (this definition should not be relied on for
+bug reports or API stability):
+
+  - `build_wheel`: build a wheel in the folder and return the basename
+  - `get_requires_for_build_wheel`: get the `setup_requires` to build
+  - `prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel`: get the `install_requires`
+  - `build_sdist`: build an sdist in the folder and return the basename
+  - `get_requires_for_build_sdist`: get the `setup_requires` to build
+
+Again, this is not a formal definition! Just a "taste" of the module.
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import tokenize
+import shutil
+import contextlib
+
+import setuptools
+import distutils
+
+__all__ = ['get_requires_for_build_sdist',
+           'get_requires_for_build_wheel',
+           'prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel',
+           'build_wheel',
+           'build_sdist',
+           '__legacy__',
+           'SetupRequirementsError']
+
+class SetupRequirementsError(BaseException):
+    def __init__(self, specifiers):
+        self.specifiers = specifiers
+
+
+class Distribution(setuptools.dist.Distribution):
+    def fetch_build_eggs(self, specifiers):
+        raise SetupRequirementsError(specifiers)
+
+    @classmethod
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def patch(cls):
+        """
+        Replace
+        distutils.dist.Distribution with this class
+        for the duration of this context.
+        """
+        orig = distutils.core.Distribution
+        distutils.core.Distribution = cls
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            distutils.core.Distribution = orig
+
+
+def _to_str(s):
+    """
+    Convert a filename to a string (on Python 2, explicitly
+    a byte string, not Unicode) as distutils checks for the
+    exact type str.
+    """
+    if sys.version_info[0] == 2 and not isinstance(s, str):
+        # Assume it's Unicode, as that's what the PEP says
+        # should be provided.
+        return s.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+    return s
+
+
+def _get_immediate_subdirectories(a_dir):
+    return [name for name in os.listdir(a_dir)
+            if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(a_dir, name))]
+
+
+def _file_with_extension(directory, extension):
+    matching = (
+        f for f in os.listdir(directory)
+        if f.endswith(extension)
+    )
+    file, = matching
+    return file
+
+
+class _BuildMetaBackend(object):
+
+    def _fix_config(self, config_settings):
+        config_settings = config_settings or {}
+        config_settings.setdefault('--global-option', [])
+        return config_settings
+
+    def _get_build_requires(self, config_settings, requirements):
+        config_settings = self._fix_config(config_settings)
+
+        sys.argv = sys.argv[:1] + ['egg_info'] + \
+            config_settings["--global-option"]
+        try:
+            with Distribution.patch():
+                self.run_setup()
+        except SetupRequirementsError as e:
+            requirements += e.specifiers
+
+        return requirements
+
+    def run_setup(self, setup_script='setup.py'):
+        # Note that we can reuse our build directory between calls
+        # Correctness comes first, then optimization later
+        __file__ = setup_script
+        __name__ = '__main__'
+        f = getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__)
+        code = f.read().replace('\\r\\n', '\\n')
+        f.close()
+        exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
+
+    def get_requires_for_build_wheel(self, config_settings=None):
+        config_settings = self._fix_config(config_settings)
+        return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=['wheel'])
+
+    def get_requires_for_build_sdist(self, config_settings=None):
+        config_settings = self._fix_config(config_settings)
+        return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=[])
+
+    def prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel(self, metadata_directory,
+                                         config_settings=None):
+        sys.argv = sys.argv[:1] + ['dist_info', '--egg-base',
+                                   _to_str(metadata_directory)]
+        self.run_setup()
+
+        dist_info_directory = metadata_directory
+        while True:
+            dist_infos = [f for f in os.listdir(dist_info_directory)
+                          if f.endswith('.dist-info')]
+
+            if (len(dist_infos) == 0 and
+                len(_get_immediate_subdirectories(dist_info_directory)) == 1):
+
+                dist_info_directory = os.path.join(
+                    dist_info_directory, os.listdir(dist_info_directory)[0])
+                continue
+
+            assert len(dist_infos) == 1
+            break
+
+        # PEP 517 requires that the .dist-info directory be placed in the
+        # metadata_directory. To comply, we MUST copy the directory to the root
+        if dist_info_directory != metadata_directory:
+            shutil.move(
+                os.path.join(dist_info_directory, dist_infos[0]),
+                metadata_directory)
+            shutil.rmtree(dist_info_directory, ignore_errors=True)
+
+        return dist_infos[0]
+
+    def build_wheel(self, wheel_directory, config_settings=None,
+                    metadata_directory=None):
+        config_settings = self._fix_config(config_settings)
+        wheel_directory = os.path.abspath(wheel_directory)
+        sys.argv = sys.argv[:1] + ['bdist_wheel'] + \
+            config_settings["--global-option"]
+        self.run_setup()
+        if wheel_directory != 'dist':
+            shutil.rmtree(wheel_directory)
+            shutil.copytree('dist', wheel_directory)
+
+        return _file_with_extension(wheel_directory, '.whl')
+
+    def build_sdist(self, sdist_directory, config_settings=None):
+        config_settings = self._fix_config(config_settings)
+        sdist_directory = os.path.abspath(sdist_directory)
+        sys.argv = sys.argv[:1] + ['sdist', '--formats', 'gztar'] + \
+            config_settings["--global-option"] + \
+            ["--dist-dir", sdist_directory]
+        self.run_setup()
+
+        return _file_with_extension(sdist_directory, '.tar.gz')
+
+
+class _BuildMetaLegacyBackend(_BuildMetaBackend):
+    """Compatibility backend for setuptools
+
+    This is a version of setuptools.build_meta that endeavors to maintain backwards
+    compatibility with pre-PEP 517 modes of invocation. It exists as a temporary
+    bridge between the old packaging mechanism and the new packaging mechanism,
+    and will eventually be removed.
+    """
+    def run_setup(self, setup_script='setup.py'):
+        # In order to maintain compatibility with scripts assuming that
+        # the setup.py script is in a directory on the PYTHONPATH, inject
+        # '' into sys.path. (pypa/setuptools#1642)
+        sys_path = list(sys.path)           # Save the original path
+
+        script_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(setup_script))
+        if script_dir not in sys.path:
+            sys.path.insert(0, script_dir)
+
+        try:
+            super(_BuildMetaLegacyBackend,
+                  self).run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
+        finally:
+            # While PEP 517 frontends should be calling each hook in a fresh
+            # subprocess according to the standard (and thus it should not be
+            # strictly necessary to restore the old sys.path), we'll restore
+            # the original path so that the path manipulation does not persist
+            # within the hook after run_setup is called.
+            sys.path[:] = sys_path
+
+# The primary backend
+_BACKEND = _BuildMetaBackend()
+
+get_requires_for_build_wheel = _BACKEND.get_requires_for_build_wheel
+get_requires_for_build_sdist = _BACKEND.get_requires_for_build_sdist
+prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel = _BACKEND.prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
+build_wheel = _BACKEND.build_wheel
+build_sdist = _BACKEND.build_sdist
+
+
+# The legacy backend
+__legacy__ = _BuildMetaLegacyBackend()
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe619e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+__all__ = [
+    'alias', 'bdist_egg', 'bdist_rpm', 'build_ext', 'build_py', 'develop',
+    'easy_install', 'egg_info', 'install', 'install_lib', 'rotate', 'saveopts',
+    'sdist', 'setopt', 'test', 'install_egg_info', 'install_scripts',
+    'register', 'bdist_wininst', 'upload_docs', 'upload', 'build_clib',
+    'dist_info',
+]
+
+from distutils.command.bdist import bdist
+import sys
+
+from setuptools.command import install_scripts
+
+if 'egg' not in bdist.format_commands:
+    bdist.format_command['egg'] = ('bdist_egg', "Python .egg file")
+    bdist.format_commands.append('egg')
+
+del bdist, sys
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/alias.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/alias.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4532b1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/alias.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import map
+
+from setuptools.command.setopt import edit_config, option_base, config_file
+
+
+def shquote(arg):
+    """Quote an argument for later parsing by shlex.split()"""
+    for c in '"', "'", "\\", "#":
+        if c in arg:
+            return repr(arg)
+    if arg.split() != [arg]:
+        return repr(arg)
+    return arg
+
+
+class alias(option_base):
+    """Define a shortcut that invokes one or more commands"""
+
+    description = "define a shortcut to invoke one or more commands"
+    command_consumes_arguments = True
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('remove', 'r', 'remove (unset) the alias'),
+    ] + option_base.user_options
+
+    boolean_options = option_base.boolean_options + ['remove']
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        option_base.initialize_options(self)
+        self.args = None
+        self.remove = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        option_base.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.remove and len(self.args) != 1:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Must specify exactly one argument (the alias name) when "
+                "using --remove"
+            )
+
+    def run(self):
+        aliases = self.distribution.get_option_dict('aliases')
+
+        if not self.args:
+            print("Command Aliases")
+            print("---------------")
+            for alias in aliases:
+                print("setup.py alias", format_alias(alias, aliases))
+            return
+
+        elif len(self.args) == 1:
+            alias, = self.args
+            if self.remove:
+                command = None
+            elif alias in aliases:
+                print("setup.py alias", format_alias(alias, aliases))
+                return
+            else:
+                print("No alias definition found for %r" % alias)
+                return
+        else:
+            alias = self.args[0]
+            command = ' '.join(map(shquote, self.args[1:]))
+
+        edit_config(self.filename, {'aliases': {alias: command}}, self.dry_run)
+
+
+def format_alias(name, aliases):
+    source, command = aliases[name]
+    if source == config_file('global'):
+        source = '--global-config '
+    elif source == config_file('user'):
+        source = '--user-config '
+    elif source == config_file('local'):
+        source = ''
+    else:
+        source = '--filename=%r' % source
+    return source + name + ' ' + command
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f8df91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py
@@ -0,0 +1,502 @@
+"""setuptools.command.bdist_egg
+
+Build .egg distributions"""
+
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsSetupError
+from distutils.dir_util import remove_tree, mkpath
+from distutils import log
+from types import CodeType
+import sys
+import os
+import re
+import textwrap
+import marshal
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+
+from pkg_resources import get_build_platform, Distribution, ensure_directory
+from pkg_resources import EntryPoint
+from setuptools.extension import Library
+from setuptools import Command
+
+try:
+    # Python 2.7 or >=3.2
+    from sysconfig import get_path, get_python_version
+
+    def _get_purelib():
+        return get_path("purelib")
+except ImportError:
+    from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib, get_python_version
+
+    def _get_purelib():
+        return get_python_lib(False)
+
+
+def strip_module(filename):
+    if '.' in filename:
+        filename = os.path.splitext(filename)[0]
+    if filename.endswith('module'):
+        filename = filename[:-6]
+    return filename
+
+
+def sorted_walk(dir):
+    """Do os.walk in a reproducible way,
+    independent of indeterministic filesystem readdir order
+    """
+    for base, dirs, files in os.walk(dir):
+        dirs.sort()
+        files.sort()
+        yield base, dirs, files
+
+
+def write_stub(resource, pyfile):
+    _stub_template = textwrap.dedent("""
+        def __bootstrap__():
+            global __bootstrap__, __loader__, __file__
+            import sys, pkg_resources, imp
+            __file__ = pkg_resources.resource_filename(__name__, %r)
+            __loader__ = None; del __bootstrap__, __loader__
+            imp.load_dynamic(__name__,__file__)
+        __bootstrap__()
+        """).lstrip()
+    with open(pyfile, 'w') as f:
+        f.write(_stub_template % resource)
+
+
+class bdist_egg(Command):
+    description = "create an \"egg\" distribution"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('bdist-dir=', 'b',
+         "temporary directory for creating the distribution"),
+        ('plat-name=', 'p', "platform name to embed in generated filenames "
+                            "(default: %s)" % get_build_platform()),
+        ('exclude-source-files', None,
+         "remove all .py files from the generated egg"),
+        ('keep-temp', 'k',
+         "keep the pseudo-installation tree around after " +
+         "creating the distribution archive"),
+        ('dist-dir=', 'd',
+         "directory to put final built distributions in"),
+        ('skip-build', None,
+         "skip rebuilding everything (for testing/debugging)"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = [
+        'keep-temp', 'skip-build', 'exclude-source-files'
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.bdist_dir = None
+        self.plat_name = None
+        self.keep_temp = 0
+        self.dist_dir = None
+        self.skip_build = 0
+        self.egg_output = None
+        self.exclude_source_files = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        ei_cmd = self.ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+        self.egg_info = ei_cmd.egg_info
+
+        if self.bdist_dir is None:
+            bdist_base = self.get_finalized_command('bdist').bdist_base
+            self.bdist_dir = os.path.join(bdist_base, 'egg')
+
+        if self.plat_name is None:
+            self.plat_name = get_build_platform()
+
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist', ('dist_dir', 'dist_dir'))
+
+        if self.egg_output is None:
+
+            # Compute filename of the output egg
+            basename = Distribution(
+                None, None, ei_cmd.egg_name, ei_cmd.egg_version,
+                get_python_version(),
+                self.distribution.has_ext_modules() and self.plat_name
+            ).egg_name()
+
+            self.egg_output = os.path.join(self.dist_dir, basename + '.egg')
+
+    def do_install_data(self):
+        # Hack for packages that install data to install's --install-lib
+        self.get_finalized_command('install').install_lib = self.bdist_dir
+
+        site_packages = os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(_get_purelib()))
+        old, self.distribution.data_files = self.distribution.data_files, []
+
+        for item in old:
+            if isinstance(item, tuple) and len(item) == 2:
+                if os.path.isabs(item[0]):
+                    realpath = os.path.realpath(item[0])
+                    normalized = os.path.normcase(realpath)
+                    if normalized == site_packages or normalized.startswith(
+                        site_packages + os.sep
+                    ):
+                        item = realpath[len(site_packages) + 1:], item[1]
+                        # XXX else: raise ???
+            self.distribution.data_files.append(item)
+
+        try:
+            log.info("installing package data to %s", self.bdist_dir)
+            self.call_command('install_data', force=0, root=None)
+        finally:
+            self.distribution.data_files = old
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        return [self.egg_output]
+
+    def call_command(self, cmdname, **kw):
+        """Invoke reinitialized command `cmdname` with keyword args"""
+        for dirname in INSTALL_DIRECTORY_ATTRS:
+            kw.setdefault(dirname, self.bdist_dir)
+        kw.setdefault('skip_build', self.skip_build)
+        kw.setdefault('dry_run', self.dry_run)
+        cmd = self.reinitialize_command(cmdname, **kw)
+        self.run_command(cmdname)
+        return cmd
+
+    def run(self):
+        # Generate metadata first
+        self.run_command("egg_info")
+        # We run install_lib before install_data, because some data hacks
+        # pull their data path from the install_lib command.
+        log.info("installing library code to %s", self.bdist_dir)
+        instcmd = self.get_finalized_command('install')
+        old_root = instcmd.root
+        instcmd.root = None
+        if self.distribution.has_c_libraries() and not self.skip_build:
+            self.run_command('build_clib')
+        cmd = self.call_command('install_lib', warn_dir=0)
+        instcmd.root = old_root
+
+        all_outputs, ext_outputs = self.get_ext_outputs()
+        self.stubs = []
+        to_compile = []
+        for (p, ext_name) in enumerate(ext_outputs):
+            filename, ext = os.path.splitext(ext_name)
+            pyfile = os.path.join(self.bdist_dir, strip_module(filename) +
+                                  '.py')
+            self.stubs.append(pyfile)
+            log.info("creating stub loader for %s", ext_name)
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                write_stub(os.path.basename(ext_name), pyfile)
+            to_compile.append(pyfile)
+            ext_outputs[p] = ext_name.replace(os.sep, '/')
+
+        if to_compile:
+            cmd.byte_compile(to_compile)
+        if self.distribution.data_files:
+            self.do_install_data()
+
+        # Make the EGG-INFO directory
+        archive_root = self.bdist_dir
+        egg_info = os.path.join(archive_root, 'EGG-INFO')
+        self.mkpath(egg_info)
+        if self.distribution.scripts:
+            script_dir = os.path.join(egg_info, 'scripts')
+            log.info("installing scripts to %s", script_dir)
+            self.call_command('install_scripts', install_dir=script_dir,
+                              no_ep=1)
+
+        self.copy_metadata_to(egg_info)
+        native_libs = os.path.join(egg_info, "native_libs.txt")
+        if all_outputs:
+            log.info("writing %s", native_libs)
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                ensure_directory(native_libs)
+                libs_file = open(native_libs, 'wt')
+                libs_file.write('\n'.join(all_outputs))
+                libs_file.write('\n')
+                libs_file.close()
+        elif os.path.isfile(native_libs):
+            log.info("removing %s", native_libs)
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                os.unlink(native_libs)
+
+        write_safety_flag(
+            os.path.join(archive_root, 'EGG-INFO'), self.zip_safe()
+        )
+
+        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.egg_info, 'depends.txt')):
+            log.warn(
+                "WARNING: 'depends.txt' will not be used by setuptools 0.6!\n"
+                "Use the install_requires/extras_require setup() args instead."
+            )
+
+        if self.exclude_source_files:
+            self.zap_pyfiles()
+
+        # Make the archive
+        make_zipfile(self.egg_output, archive_root, verbose=self.verbose,
+                     dry_run=self.dry_run, mode=self.gen_header())
+        if not self.keep_temp:
+            remove_tree(self.bdist_dir, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+        # Add to 'Distribution.dist_files' so that the "upload" command works
+        getattr(self.distribution, 'dist_files', []).append(
+            ('bdist_egg', get_python_version(), self.egg_output))
+
+    def zap_pyfiles(self):
+        log.info("Removing .py files from temporary directory")
+        for base, dirs, files in walk_egg(self.bdist_dir):
+            for name in files:
+                path = os.path.join(base, name)
+
+                if name.endswith('.py'):
+                    log.debug("Deleting %s", path)
+                    os.unlink(path)
+
+                if base.endswith('__pycache__'):
+                    path_old = path
+
+                    pattern = r'(?P<name>.+)\.(?P<magic>[^.]+)\.pyc'
+                    m = re.match(pattern, name)
+                    path_new = os.path.join(
+                        base, os.pardir, m.group('name') + '.pyc')
+                    log.info(
+                        "Renaming file from [%s] to [%s]"
+                        % (path_old, path_new))
+                    try:
+                        os.remove(path_new)
+                    except OSError:
+                        pass
+                    os.rename(path_old, path_new)
+
+    def zip_safe(self):
+        safe = getattr(self.distribution, 'zip_safe', None)
+        if safe is not None:
+            return safe
+        log.warn("zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...")
+        return analyze_egg(self.bdist_dir, self.stubs)
+
+    def gen_header(self):
+        epm = EntryPoint.parse_map(self.distribution.entry_points or '')
+        ep = epm.get('setuptools.installation', {}).get('eggsecutable')
+        if ep is None:
+            return 'w'  # not an eggsecutable, do it the usual way.
+
+        if not ep.attrs or ep.extras:
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "eggsecutable entry point (%r) cannot have 'extras' "
+                "or refer to a module" % (ep,)
+            )
+
+        pyver = sys.version[:3]
+        pkg = ep.module_name
+        full = '.'.join(ep.attrs)
+        base = ep.attrs[0]
+        basename = os.path.basename(self.egg_output)
+
+        header = (
+            "#!/bin/sh\n"
+            'if [ `basename $0` = "%(basename)s" ]\n'
+            'then exec python%(pyver)s -c "'
+            "import sys, os; sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('$0')); "
+            "from %(pkg)s import %(base)s; sys.exit(%(full)s())"
+            '" "$@"\n'
+            'else\n'
+            '  echo $0 is not the correct name for this egg file.\n'
+            '  echo Please rename it back to %(basename)s and try again.\n'
+            '  exec false\n'
+            'fi\n'
+        ) % locals()
+
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            mkpath(os.path.dirname(self.egg_output), dry_run=self.dry_run)
+            f = open(self.egg_output, 'w')
+            f.write(header)
+            f.close()
+        return 'a'
+
+    def copy_metadata_to(self, target_dir):
+        "Copy metadata (egg info) to the target_dir"
+        # normalize the path (so that a forward-slash in egg_info will
+        # match using startswith below)
+        norm_egg_info = os.path.normpath(self.egg_info)
+        prefix = os.path.join(norm_egg_info, '')
+        for path in self.ei_cmd.filelist.files:
+            if path.startswith(prefix):
+                target = os.path.join(target_dir, path[len(prefix):])
+                ensure_directory(target)
+                self.copy_file(path, target)
+
+    def get_ext_outputs(self):
+        """Get a list of relative paths to C extensions in the output distro"""
+
+        all_outputs = []
+        ext_outputs = []
+
+        paths = {self.bdist_dir: ''}
+        for base, dirs, files in sorted_walk(self.bdist_dir):
+            for filename in files:
+                if os.path.splitext(filename)[1].lower() in NATIVE_EXTENSIONS:
+                    all_outputs.append(paths[base] + filename)
+            for filename in dirs:
+                paths[os.path.join(base, filename)] = (paths[base] +
+                                                       filename + '/')
+
+        if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            build_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('build_ext')
+            for ext in build_cmd.extensions:
+                if isinstance(ext, Library):
+                    continue
+                fullname = build_cmd.get_ext_fullname(ext.name)
+                filename = build_cmd.get_ext_filename(fullname)
+                if not os.path.basename(filename).startswith('dl-'):
+                    if os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.bdist_dir, filename)):
+                        ext_outputs.append(filename)
+
+        return all_outputs, ext_outputs
+
+
+NATIVE_EXTENSIONS = dict.fromkeys('.dll .so .dylib .pyd'.split())
+
+
+def walk_egg(egg_dir):
+    """Walk an unpacked egg's contents, skipping the metadata directory"""
+    walker = sorted_walk(egg_dir)
+    base, dirs, files = next(walker)
+    if 'EGG-INFO' in dirs:
+        dirs.remove('EGG-INFO')
+    yield base, dirs, files
+    for bdf in walker:
+        yield bdf
+
+
+def analyze_egg(egg_dir, stubs):
+    # check for existing flag in EGG-INFO
+    for flag, fn in safety_flags.items():
+        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(egg_dir, 'EGG-INFO', fn)):
+            return flag
+    if not can_scan():
+        return False
+    safe = True
+    for base, dirs, files in walk_egg(egg_dir):
+        for name in files:
+            if name.endswith('.py') or name.endswith('.pyw'):
+                continue
+            elif name.endswith('.pyc') or name.endswith('.pyo'):
+                # always scan, even if we already know we're not safe
+                safe = scan_module(egg_dir, base, name, stubs) and safe
+    return safe
+
+
+def write_safety_flag(egg_dir, safe):
+    # Write or remove zip safety flag file(s)
+    for flag, fn in safety_flags.items():
+        fn = os.path.join(egg_dir, fn)
+        if os.path.exists(fn):
+            if safe is None or bool(safe) != flag:
+                os.unlink(fn)
+        elif safe is not None and bool(safe) == flag:
+            f = open(fn, 'wt')
+            f.write('\n')
+            f.close()
+
+
+safety_flags = {
+    True: 'zip-safe',
+    False: 'not-zip-safe',
+}
+
+
+def scan_module(egg_dir, base, name, stubs):
+    """Check whether module possibly uses unsafe-for-zipfile stuff"""
+
+    filename = os.path.join(base, name)
+    if filename[:-1] in stubs:
+        return True  # Extension module
+    pkg = base[len(egg_dir) + 1:].replace(os.sep, '.')
+    module = pkg + (pkg and '.' or '') + os.path.splitext(name)[0]
+    if six.PY2:
+        skip = 8  # skip magic & date
+    elif sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+        skip = 12  # skip magic & date & file size
+    else:
+        skip = 16  # skip magic & reserved? & date & file size
+    f = open(filename, 'rb')
+    f.read(skip)
+    code = marshal.load(f)
+    f.close()
+    safe = True
+    symbols = dict.fromkeys(iter_symbols(code))
+    for bad in ['__file__', '__path__']:
+        if bad in symbols:
+            log.warn("%s: module references %s", module, bad)
+            safe = False
+    if 'inspect' in symbols:
+        for bad in [
+            'getsource', 'getabsfile', 'getsourcefile', 'getfile'
+            'getsourcelines', 'findsource', 'getcomments', 'getframeinfo',
+            'getinnerframes', 'getouterframes', 'stack', 'trace'
+        ]:
+            if bad in symbols:
+                log.warn("%s: module MAY be using inspect.%s", module, bad)
+                safe = False
+    return safe
+
+
+def iter_symbols(code):
+    """Yield names and strings used by `code` and its nested code objects"""
+    for name in code.co_names:
+        yield name
+    for const in code.co_consts:
+        if isinstance(const, six.string_types):
+            yield const
+        elif isinstance(const, CodeType):
+            for name in iter_symbols(const):
+                yield name
+
+
+def can_scan():
+    if not sys.platform.startswith('java') and sys.platform != 'cli':
+        # CPython, PyPy, etc.
+        return True
+    log.warn("Unable to analyze compiled code on this platform.")
+    log.warn("Please ask the author to include a 'zip_safe'"
+             " setting (either True or False) in the package's setup.py")
+
+
+# Attribute names of options for commands that might need to be convinced to
+# install to the egg build directory
+
+INSTALL_DIRECTORY_ATTRS = [
+    'install_lib', 'install_dir', 'install_data', 'install_base'
+]
+
+
+def make_zipfile(zip_filename, base_dir, verbose=0, dry_run=0, compress=True,
+                 mode='w'):
+    """Create a zip file from all the files under 'base_dir'.  The output
+    zip file will be named 'base_dir' + ".zip".  Uses either the "zipfile"
+    Python module (if available) or the InfoZIP "zip" utility (if installed
+    and found on the default search path).  If neither tool is available,
+    raises DistutilsExecError.  Returns the name of the output zip file.
+    """
+    import zipfile
+
+    mkpath(os.path.dirname(zip_filename), dry_run=dry_run)
+    log.info("creating '%s' and adding '%s' to it", zip_filename, base_dir)
+
+    def visit(z, dirname, names):
+        for name in names:
+            path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(dirname, name))
+            if os.path.isfile(path):
+                p = path[len(base_dir) + 1:]
+                if not dry_run:
+                    z.write(path, p)
+                log.debug("adding '%s'", p)
+
+    compression = zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED if compress else zipfile.ZIP_STORED
+    if not dry_run:
+        z = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_filename, mode, compression=compression)
+        for dirname, dirs, files in sorted_walk(base_dir):
+            visit(z, dirname, files)
+        z.close()
+    else:
+        for dirname, dirs, files in sorted_walk(base_dir):
+            visit(None, dirname, files)
+    return zip_filename
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_rpm.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_rpm.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7073092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_rpm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import distutils.command.bdist_rpm as orig
+
+
+class bdist_rpm(orig.bdist_rpm):
+    """
+    Override the default bdist_rpm behavior to do the following:
+
+    1. Run egg_info to ensure the name and version are properly calculated.
+    2. Always run 'install' using --single-version-externally-managed to
+       disable eggs in RPM distributions.
+    3. Replace dash with underscore in the version numbers for better RPM
+       compatibility.
+    """
+
+    def run(self):
+        # ensure distro name is up-to-date
+        self.run_command('egg_info')
+
+        orig.bdist_rpm.run(self)
+
+    def _make_spec_file(self):
+        version = self.distribution.get_version()
+        rpmversion = version.replace('-', '_')
+        spec = orig.bdist_rpm._make_spec_file(self)
+        line23 = '%define version ' + version
+        line24 = '%define version ' + rpmversion
+        spec = [
+            line.replace(
+                "Source0: %{name}-%{version}.tar",
+                "Source0: %{name}-%{unmangled_version}.tar"
+            ).replace(
+                "setup.py install ",
+                "setup.py install --single-version-externally-managed "
+            ).replace(
+                "%setup",
+                "%setup -n %{name}-%{unmangled_version}"
+            ).replace(line23, line24)
+            for line in spec
+        ]
+        insert_loc = spec.index(line24) + 1
+        unmangled_version = "%define unmangled_version " + version
+        spec.insert(insert_loc, unmangled_version)
+        return spec
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_wininst.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_wininst.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..073de97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_wininst.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import distutils.command.bdist_wininst as orig
+
+
+class bdist_wininst(orig.bdist_wininst):
+    def reinitialize_command(self, command, reinit_subcommands=0):
+        """
+        Supplement reinitialize_command to work around
+        http://bugs.python.org/issue20819
+        """
+        cmd = self.distribution.reinitialize_command(
+            command, reinit_subcommands)
+        if command in ('install', 'install_lib'):
+            cmd.install_lib = None
+        return cmd
+
+    def run(self):
+        self._is_running = True
+        try:
+            orig.bdist_wininst.run(self)
+        finally:
+            self._is_running = False
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_clib.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_clib.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09caff6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_clib.py
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+import distutils.command.build_clib as orig
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsSetupError
+from distutils import log
+from setuptools.dep_util import newer_pairwise_group
+
+
+class build_clib(orig.build_clib):
+    """
+    Override the default build_clib behaviour to do the following:
+
+    1. Implement a rudimentary timestamp-based dependency system
+       so 'compile()' doesn't run every time.
+    2. Add more keys to the 'build_info' dictionary:
+        * obj_deps - specify dependencies for each object compiled.
+                     this should be a dictionary mapping a key
+                     with the source filename to a list of
+                     dependencies. Use an empty string for global
+                     dependencies.
+        * cflags   - specify a list of additional flags to pass to
+                     the compiler.
+    """
+
+    def build_libraries(self, libraries):
+        for (lib_name, build_info) in libraries:
+            sources = build_info.get('sources')
+            if sources is None or not isinstance(sources, (list, tuple)):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                       "in 'libraries' option (library '%s'), "
+                       "'sources' must be present and must be "
+                       "a list of source filenames" % lib_name)
+            sources = list(sources)
+
+            log.info("building '%s' library", lib_name)
+
+            # Make sure everything is the correct type.
+            # obj_deps should be a dictionary of keys as sources
+            # and a list/tuple of files that are its dependencies.
+            obj_deps = build_info.get('obj_deps', dict())
+            if not isinstance(obj_deps, dict):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                       "in 'libraries' option (library '%s'), "
+                       "'obj_deps' must be a dictionary of "
+                       "type 'source: list'" % lib_name)
+            dependencies = []
+
+            # Get the global dependencies that are specified by the '' key.
+            # These will go into every source's dependency list.
+            global_deps = obj_deps.get('', list())
+            if not isinstance(global_deps, (list, tuple)):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                       "in 'libraries' option (library '%s'), "
+                       "'obj_deps' must be a dictionary of "
+                       "type 'source: list'" % lib_name)
+
+            # Build the list to be used by newer_pairwise_group
+            # each source will be auto-added to its dependencies.
+            for source in sources:
+                src_deps = [source]
+                src_deps.extend(global_deps)
+                extra_deps = obj_deps.get(source, list())
+                if not isinstance(extra_deps, (list, tuple)):
+                    raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                           "in 'libraries' option (library '%s'), "
+                           "'obj_deps' must be a dictionary of "
+                           "type 'source: list'" % lib_name)
+                src_deps.extend(extra_deps)
+                dependencies.append(src_deps)
+
+            expected_objects = self.compiler.object_filenames(
+                    sources,
+                    output_dir=self.build_temp
+                    )
+
+            if newer_pairwise_group(dependencies, expected_objects) != ([], []):
+                # First, compile the source code to object files in the library
+                # directory.  (This should probably change to putting object
+                # files in a temporary build directory.)
+                macros = build_info.get('macros')
+                include_dirs = build_info.get('include_dirs')
+                cflags = build_info.get('cflags')
+                objects = self.compiler.compile(
+                        sources,
+                        output_dir=self.build_temp,
+                        macros=macros,
+                        include_dirs=include_dirs,
+                        extra_postargs=cflags,
+                        debug=self.debug
+                        )
+
+            # Now "link" the object files together into a static library.
+            # (On Unix at least, this isn't really linking -- it just
+            # builds an archive.  Whatever.)
+            self.compiler.create_static_lib(
+                    expected_objects,
+                    lib_name,
+                    output_dir=self.build_clib,
+                    debug=self.debug
+                    )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60a8a32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py
@@ -0,0 +1,321 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import itertools
+import imp
+from distutils.command.build_ext import build_ext as _du_build_ext
+from distutils.file_util import copy_file
+from distutils.ccompiler import new_compiler
+from distutils.sysconfig import customize_compiler, get_config_var
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+from distutils import log
+
+from setuptools.extension import Library
+from setuptools.extern import six
+
+try:
+    # Attempt to use Cython for building extensions, if available
+    from Cython.Distutils.build_ext import build_ext as _build_ext
+    # Additionally, assert that the compiler module will load
+    # also. Ref #1229.
+    __import__('Cython.Compiler.Main')
+except ImportError:
+    _build_ext = _du_build_ext
+
+# make sure _config_vars is initialized
+get_config_var("LDSHARED")
+from distutils.sysconfig import _config_vars as _CONFIG_VARS
+
+
+def _customize_compiler_for_shlib(compiler):
+    if sys.platform == "darwin":
+        # building .dylib requires additional compiler flags on OSX; here we
+        # temporarily substitute the pyconfig.h variables so that distutils'
+        # 'customize_compiler' uses them before we build the shared libraries.
+        tmp = _CONFIG_VARS.copy()
+        try:
+            # XXX Help!  I don't have any idea whether these are right...
+            _CONFIG_VARS['LDSHARED'] = (
+                "gcc -Wl,-x -dynamiclib -undefined dynamic_lookup")
+            _CONFIG_VARS['CCSHARED'] = " -dynamiclib"
+            _CONFIG_VARS['SO'] = ".dylib"
+            customize_compiler(compiler)
+        finally:
+            _CONFIG_VARS.clear()
+            _CONFIG_VARS.update(tmp)
+    else:
+        customize_compiler(compiler)
+
+
+have_rtld = False
+use_stubs = False
+libtype = 'shared'
+
+if sys.platform == "darwin":
+    use_stubs = True
+elif os.name != 'nt':
+    try:
+        import dl
+        use_stubs = have_rtld = hasattr(dl, 'RTLD_NOW')
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+if_dl = lambda s: s if have_rtld else ''
+
+
+def get_abi3_suffix():
+    """Return the file extension for an abi3-compliant Extension()"""
+    for suffix, _, _ in (s for s in imp.get_suffixes() if s[2] == imp.C_EXTENSION):
+        if '.abi3' in suffix:  # Unix
+            return suffix
+        elif suffix == '.pyd':  # Windows
+            return suffix
+
+
+class build_ext(_build_ext):
+    def run(self):
+        """Build extensions in build directory, then copy if --inplace"""
+        old_inplace, self.inplace = self.inplace, 0
+        _build_ext.run(self)
+        self.inplace = old_inplace
+        if old_inplace:
+            self.copy_extensions_to_source()
+
+    def copy_extensions_to_source(self):
+        build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
+        for ext in self.extensions:
+            fullname = self.get_ext_fullname(ext.name)
+            filename = self.get_ext_filename(fullname)
+            modpath = fullname.split('.')
+            package = '.'.join(modpath[:-1])
+            package_dir = build_py.get_package_dir(package)
+            dest_filename = os.path.join(package_dir,
+                                         os.path.basename(filename))
+            src_filename = os.path.join(self.build_lib, filename)
+
+            # Always copy, even if source is older than destination, to ensure
+            # that the right extensions for the current Python/platform are
+            # used.
+            copy_file(
+                src_filename, dest_filename, verbose=self.verbose,
+                dry_run=self.dry_run
+            )
+            if ext._needs_stub:
+                self.write_stub(package_dir or os.curdir, ext, True)
+
+    def get_ext_filename(self, fullname):
+        filename = _build_ext.get_ext_filename(self, fullname)
+        if fullname in self.ext_map:
+            ext = self.ext_map[fullname]
+            use_abi3 = (
+                six.PY3
+                and getattr(ext, 'py_limited_api')
+                and get_abi3_suffix()
+            )
+            if use_abi3:
+                so_ext = get_config_var('EXT_SUFFIX')
+                filename = filename[:-len(so_ext)]
+                filename = filename + get_abi3_suffix()
+            if isinstance(ext, Library):
+                fn, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
+                return self.shlib_compiler.library_filename(fn, libtype)
+            elif use_stubs and ext._links_to_dynamic:
+                d, fn = os.path.split(filename)
+                return os.path.join(d, 'dl-' + fn)
+        return filename
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        _build_ext.initialize_options(self)
+        self.shlib_compiler = None
+        self.shlibs = []
+        self.ext_map = {}
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        _build_ext.finalize_options(self)
+        self.extensions = self.extensions or []
+        self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions)
+        self.shlibs = [ext for ext in self.extensions
+                       if isinstance(ext, Library)]
+        if self.shlibs:
+            self.setup_shlib_compiler()
+        for ext in self.extensions:
+            ext._full_name = self.get_ext_fullname(ext.name)
+        for ext in self.extensions:
+            fullname = ext._full_name
+            self.ext_map[fullname] = ext
+
+            # distutils 3.1 will also ask for module names
+            # XXX what to do with conflicts?
+            self.ext_map[fullname.split('.')[-1]] = ext
+
+            ltd = self.shlibs and self.links_to_dynamic(ext) or False
+            ns = ltd and use_stubs and not isinstance(ext, Library)
+            ext._links_to_dynamic = ltd
+            ext._needs_stub = ns
+            filename = ext._file_name = self.get_ext_filename(fullname)
+            libdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.join(self.build_lib, filename))
+            if ltd and libdir not in ext.library_dirs:
+                ext.library_dirs.append(libdir)
+            if ltd and use_stubs and os.curdir not in ext.runtime_library_dirs:
+                ext.runtime_library_dirs.append(os.curdir)
+
+    def setup_shlib_compiler(self):
+        compiler = self.shlib_compiler = new_compiler(
+            compiler=self.compiler, dry_run=self.dry_run, force=self.force
+        )
+        _customize_compiler_for_shlib(compiler)
+
+        if self.include_dirs is not None:
+            compiler.set_include_dirs(self.include_dirs)
+        if self.define is not None:
+            # 'define' option is a list of (name,value) tuples
+            for (name, value) in self.define:
+                compiler.define_macro(name, value)
+        if self.undef is not None:
+            for macro in self.undef:
+                compiler.undefine_macro(macro)
+        if self.libraries is not None:
+            compiler.set_libraries(self.libraries)
+        if self.library_dirs is not None:
+            compiler.set_library_dirs(self.library_dirs)
+        if self.rpath is not None:
+            compiler.set_runtime_library_dirs(self.rpath)
+        if self.link_objects is not None:
+            compiler.set_link_objects(self.link_objects)
+
+        # hack so distutils' build_extension() builds a library instead
+        compiler.link_shared_object = link_shared_object.__get__(compiler)
+
+    def get_export_symbols(self, ext):
+        if isinstance(ext, Library):
+            return ext.export_symbols
+        return _build_ext.get_export_symbols(self, ext)
+
+    def build_extension(self, ext):
+        ext._convert_pyx_sources_to_lang()
+        _compiler = self.compiler
+        try:
+            if isinstance(ext, Library):
+                self.compiler = self.shlib_compiler
+            _build_ext.build_extension(self, ext)
+            if ext._needs_stub:
+                cmd = self.get_finalized_command('build_py').build_lib
+                self.write_stub(cmd, ext)
+        finally:
+            self.compiler = _compiler
+
+    def links_to_dynamic(self, ext):
+        """Return true if 'ext' links to a dynamic lib in the same package"""
+        # XXX this should check to ensure the lib is actually being built
+        # XXX as dynamic, and not just using a locally-found version or a
+        # XXX static-compiled version
+        libnames = dict.fromkeys([lib._full_name for lib in self.shlibs])
+        pkg = '.'.join(ext._full_name.split('.')[:-1] + [''])
+        return any(pkg + libname in libnames for libname in ext.libraries)
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        return _build_ext.get_outputs(self) + self.__get_stubs_outputs()
+
+    def __get_stubs_outputs(self):
+        # assemble the base name for each extension that needs a stub
+        ns_ext_bases = (
+            os.path.join(self.build_lib, *ext._full_name.split('.'))
+            for ext in self.extensions
+            if ext._needs_stub
+        )
+        # pair each base with the extension
+        pairs = itertools.product(ns_ext_bases, self.__get_output_extensions())
+        return list(base + fnext for base, fnext in pairs)
+
+    def __get_output_extensions(self):
+        yield '.py'
+        yield '.pyc'
+        if self.get_finalized_command('build_py').optimize:
+            yield '.pyo'
+
+    def write_stub(self, output_dir, ext, compile=False):
+        log.info("writing stub loader for %s to %s", ext._full_name,
+                 output_dir)
+        stub_file = (os.path.join(output_dir, *ext._full_name.split('.')) +
+                     '.py')
+        if compile and os.path.exists(stub_file):
+            raise DistutilsError(stub_file + " already exists! Please delete.")
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            f = open(stub_file, 'w')
+            f.write(
+                '\n'.join([
+                    "def __bootstrap__():",
+                    "   global __bootstrap__, __file__, __loader__",
+                    "   import sys, os, pkg_resources, imp" + if_dl(", dl"),
+                    "   __file__ = pkg_resources.resource_filename"
+                    "(__name__,%r)"
+                    % os.path.basename(ext._file_name),
+                    "   del __bootstrap__",
+                    "   if '__loader__' in globals():",
+                    "       del __loader__",
+                    if_dl("   old_flags = sys.getdlopenflags()"),
+                    "   old_dir = os.getcwd()",
+                    "   try:",
+                    "     os.chdir(os.path.dirname(__file__))",
+                    if_dl("     sys.setdlopenflags(dl.RTLD_NOW)"),
+                    "     imp.load_dynamic(__name__,__file__)",
+                    "   finally:",
+                    if_dl("     sys.setdlopenflags(old_flags)"),
+                    "     os.chdir(old_dir)",
+                    "__bootstrap__()",
+                    ""  # terminal \n
+                ])
+            )
+            f.close()
+        if compile:
+            from distutils.util import byte_compile
+
+            byte_compile([stub_file], optimize=0,
+                         force=True, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+            optimize = self.get_finalized_command('install_lib').optimize
+            if optimize > 0:
+                byte_compile([stub_file], optimize=optimize,
+                             force=True, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+            if os.path.exists(stub_file) and not self.dry_run:
+                os.unlink(stub_file)
+
+
+if use_stubs or os.name == 'nt':
+    # Build shared libraries
+    #
+    def link_shared_object(
+            self, objects, output_libname, output_dir=None, libraries=None,
+            library_dirs=None, runtime_library_dirs=None, export_symbols=None,
+            debug=0, extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None, build_temp=None,
+            target_lang=None):
+        self.link(
+            self.SHARED_LIBRARY, objects, output_libname,
+            output_dir, libraries, library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs,
+            export_symbols, debug, extra_preargs, extra_postargs,
+            build_temp, target_lang
+        )
+else:
+    # Build static libraries everywhere else
+    libtype = 'static'
+
+    def link_shared_object(
+            self, objects, output_libname, output_dir=None, libraries=None,
+            library_dirs=None, runtime_library_dirs=None, export_symbols=None,
+            debug=0, extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None, build_temp=None,
+            target_lang=None):
+        # XXX we need to either disallow these attrs on Library instances,
+        # or warn/abort here if set, or something...
+        # libraries=None, library_dirs=None, runtime_library_dirs=None,
+        # export_symbols=None, extra_preargs=None, extra_postargs=None,
+        # build_temp=None
+
+        assert output_dir is None  # distutils build_ext doesn't pass this
+        output_dir, filename = os.path.split(output_libname)
+        basename, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
+        if self.library_filename("x").startswith('lib'):
+            # strip 'lib' prefix; this is kludgy if some platform uses
+            # a different prefix
+            basename = basename[3:]
+
+        self.create_static_lib(
+            objects, basename, output_dir, debug, target_lang
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_py.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_py.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0314fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_py.py
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+from glob import glob
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+import distutils.command.build_py as orig
+import os
+import fnmatch
+import textwrap
+import io
+import distutils.errors
+import itertools
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import map, filter, filterfalse
+
+try:
+    from setuptools.lib2to3_ex import Mixin2to3
+except ImportError:
+
+    class Mixin2to3:
+        def run_2to3(self, files, doctests=True):
+            "do nothing"
+
+
+class build_py(orig.build_py, Mixin2to3):
+    """Enhanced 'build_py' command that includes data files with packages
+
+    The data files are specified via a 'package_data' argument to 'setup()'.
+    See 'setuptools.dist.Distribution' for more details.
+
+    Also, this version of the 'build_py' command allows you to specify both
+    'py_modules' and 'packages' in the same setup operation.
+    """
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        orig.build_py.finalize_options(self)
+        self.package_data = self.distribution.package_data
+        self.exclude_package_data = (self.distribution.exclude_package_data or
+                                     {})
+        if 'data_files' in self.__dict__:
+            del self.__dict__['data_files']
+        self.__updated_files = []
+        self.__doctests_2to3 = []
+
+    def run(self):
+        """Build modules, packages, and copy data files to build directory"""
+        if not self.py_modules and not self.packages:
+            return
+
+        if self.py_modules:
+            self.build_modules()
+
+        if self.packages:
+            self.build_packages()
+            self.build_package_data()
+
+        self.run_2to3(self.__updated_files, False)
+        self.run_2to3(self.__updated_files, True)
+        self.run_2to3(self.__doctests_2to3, True)
+
+        # Only compile actual .py files, using our base class' idea of what our
+        # output files are.
+        self.byte_compile(orig.build_py.get_outputs(self, include_bytecode=0))
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        "lazily compute data files"
+        if attr == 'data_files':
+            self.data_files = self._get_data_files()
+            return self.data_files
+        return orig.build_py.__getattr__(self, attr)
+
+    def build_module(self, module, module_file, package):
+        if six.PY2 and isinstance(package, six.string_types):
+            # avoid errors on Python 2 when unicode is passed (#190)
+            package = package.split('.')
+        outfile, copied = orig.build_py.build_module(self, module, module_file,
+                                                     package)
+        if copied:
+            self.__updated_files.append(outfile)
+        return outfile, copied
+
+    def _get_data_files(self):
+        """Generate list of '(package,src_dir,build_dir,filenames)' tuples"""
+        self.analyze_manifest()
+        return list(map(self._get_pkg_data_files, self.packages or ()))
+
+    def _get_pkg_data_files(self, package):
+        # Locate package source directory
+        src_dir = self.get_package_dir(package)
+
+        # Compute package build directory
+        build_dir = os.path.join(*([self.build_lib] + package.split('.')))
+
+        # Strip directory from globbed filenames
+        filenames = [
+            os.path.relpath(file, src_dir)
+            for file in self.find_data_files(package, src_dir)
+        ]
+        return package, src_dir, build_dir, filenames
+
+    def find_data_files(self, package, src_dir):
+        """Return filenames for package's data files in 'src_dir'"""
+        patterns = self._get_platform_patterns(
+            self.package_data,
+            package,
+            src_dir,
+        )
+        globs_expanded = map(glob, patterns)
+        # flatten the expanded globs into an iterable of matches
+        globs_matches = itertools.chain.from_iterable(globs_expanded)
+        glob_files = filter(os.path.isfile, globs_matches)
+        files = itertools.chain(
+            self.manifest_files.get(package, []),
+            glob_files,
+        )
+        return self.exclude_data_files(package, src_dir, files)
+
+    def build_package_data(self):
+        """Copy data files into build directory"""
+        for package, src_dir, build_dir, filenames in self.data_files:
+            for filename in filenames:
+                target = os.path.join(build_dir, filename)
+                self.mkpath(os.path.dirname(target))
+                srcfile = os.path.join(src_dir, filename)
+                outf, copied = self.copy_file(srcfile, target)
+                srcfile = os.path.abspath(srcfile)
+                if (copied and
+                        srcfile in self.distribution.convert_2to3_doctests):
+                    self.__doctests_2to3.append(outf)
+
+    def analyze_manifest(self):
+        self.manifest_files = mf = {}
+        if not self.distribution.include_package_data:
+            return
+        src_dirs = {}
+        for package in self.packages or ():
+            # Locate package source directory
+            src_dirs[assert_relative(self.get_package_dir(package))] = package
+
+        self.run_command('egg_info')
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('egg_info')
+        for path in ei_cmd.filelist.files:
+            d, f = os.path.split(assert_relative(path))
+            prev = None
+            oldf = f
+            while d and d != prev and d not in src_dirs:
+                prev = d
+                d, df = os.path.split(d)
+                f = os.path.join(df, f)
+            if d in src_dirs:
+                if path.endswith('.py') and f == oldf:
+                    continue  # it's a module, not data
+                mf.setdefault(src_dirs[d], []).append(path)
+
+    def get_data_files(self):
+        pass  # Lazily compute data files in _get_data_files() function.
+
+    def check_package(self, package, package_dir):
+        """Check namespace packages' __init__ for declare_namespace"""
+        try:
+            return self.packages_checked[package]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+
+        init_py = orig.build_py.check_package(self, package, package_dir)
+        self.packages_checked[package] = init_py
+
+        if not init_py or not self.distribution.namespace_packages:
+            return init_py
+
+        for pkg in self.distribution.namespace_packages:
+            if pkg == package or pkg.startswith(package + '.'):
+                break
+        else:
+            return init_py
+
+        with io.open(init_py, 'rb') as f:
+            contents = f.read()
+        if b'declare_namespace' not in contents:
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsError(
+                "Namespace package problem: %s is a namespace package, but "
+                "its\n__init__.py does not call declare_namespace()! Please "
+                'fix it.\n(See the setuptools manual under '
+                '"Namespace Packages" for details.)\n"' % (package,)
+            )
+        return init_py
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.packages_checked = {}
+        orig.build_py.initialize_options(self)
+
+    def get_package_dir(self, package):
+        res = orig.build_py.get_package_dir(self, package)
+        if self.distribution.src_root is not None:
+            return os.path.join(self.distribution.src_root, res)
+        return res
+
+    def exclude_data_files(self, package, src_dir, files):
+        """Filter filenames for package's data files in 'src_dir'"""
+        files = list(files)
+        patterns = self._get_platform_patterns(
+            self.exclude_package_data,
+            package,
+            src_dir,
+        )
+        match_groups = (
+            fnmatch.filter(files, pattern)
+            for pattern in patterns
+        )
+        # flatten the groups of matches into an iterable of matches
+        matches = itertools.chain.from_iterable(match_groups)
+        bad = set(matches)
+        keepers = (
+            fn
+            for fn in files
+            if fn not in bad
+        )
+        # ditch dupes
+        return list(_unique_everseen(keepers))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_platform_patterns(spec, package, src_dir):
+        """
+        yield platform-specific path patterns (suitable for glob
+        or fn_match) from a glob-based spec (such as
+        self.package_data or self.exclude_package_data)
+        matching package in src_dir.
+        """
+        raw_patterns = itertools.chain(
+            spec.get('', []),
+            spec.get(package, []),
+        )
+        return (
+            # Each pattern has to be converted to a platform-specific path
+            os.path.join(src_dir, convert_path(pattern))
+            for pattern in raw_patterns
+        )
+
+
+# from Python docs
+def _unique_everseen(iterable, key=None):
+    "List unique elements, preserving order. Remember all elements ever seen."
+    # unique_everseen('AAAABBBCCDAABBB') --> A B C D
+    # unique_everseen('ABBCcAD', str.lower) --> A B C D
+    seen = set()
+    seen_add = seen.add
+    if key is None:
+        for element in filterfalse(seen.__contains__, iterable):
+            seen_add(element)
+            yield element
+    else:
+        for element in iterable:
+            k = key(element)
+            if k not in seen:
+                seen_add(k)
+                yield element
+
+
+def assert_relative(path):
+    if not os.path.isabs(path):
+        return path
+    from distutils.errors import DistutilsSetupError
+
+    msg = textwrap.dedent("""
+        Error: setup script specifies an absolute path:
+
+            %s
+
+        setup() arguments must *always* be /-separated paths relative to the
+        setup.py directory, *never* absolute paths.
+        """).lstrip() % path
+    raise DistutilsSetupError(msg)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/develop.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/develop.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..009e4f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/develop.py
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError, DistutilsOptionError
+import os
+import glob
+import io
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+
+import pkg_resources
+from setuptools.command.easy_install import easy_install
+from setuptools import namespaces
+import setuptools
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+
+class develop(namespaces.DevelopInstaller, easy_install):
+    """Set up package for development"""
+
+    description = "install package in 'development mode'"
+
+    user_options = easy_install.user_options + [
+        ("uninstall", "u", "Uninstall this source package"),
+        ("egg-path=", None, "Set the path to be used in the .egg-link file"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = easy_install.boolean_options + ['uninstall']
+
+    command_consumes_arguments = False  # override base
+
+    def run(self):
+        if self.uninstall:
+            self.multi_version = True
+            self.uninstall_link()
+            self.uninstall_namespaces()
+        else:
+            self.install_for_development()
+        self.warn_deprecated_options()
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.uninstall = None
+        self.egg_path = None
+        easy_install.initialize_options(self)
+        self.setup_path = None
+        self.always_copy_from = '.'  # always copy eggs installed in curdir
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        ei = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+        if ei.broken_egg_info:
+            template = "Please rename %r to %r before using 'develop'"
+            args = ei.egg_info, ei.broken_egg_info
+            raise DistutilsError(template % args)
+        self.args = [ei.egg_name]
+
+        easy_install.finalize_options(self)
+        self.expand_basedirs()
+        self.expand_dirs()
+        # pick up setup-dir .egg files only: no .egg-info
+        self.package_index.scan(glob.glob('*.egg'))
+
+        egg_link_fn = ei.egg_name + '.egg-link'
+        self.egg_link = os.path.join(self.install_dir, egg_link_fn)
+        self.egg_base = ei.egg_base
+        if self.egg_path is None:
+            self.egg_path = os.path.abspath(ei.egg_base)
+
+        target = pkg_resources.normalize_path(self.egg_base)
+        egg_path = pkg_resources.normalize_path(
+            os.path.join(self.install_dir, self.egg_path))
+        if egg_path != target:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "--egg-path must be a relative path from the install"
+                " directory to " + target
+            )
+
+        # Make a distribution for the package's source
+        self.dist = pkg_resources.Distribution(
+            target,
+            pkg_resources.PathMetadata(target, os.path.abspath(ei.egg_info)),
+            project_name=ei.egg_name
+        )
+
+        self.setup_path = self._resolve_setup_path(
+            self.egg_base,
+            self.install_dir,
+            self.egg_path,
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _resolve_setup_path(egg_base, install_dir, egg_path):
+        """
+        Generate a path from egg_base back to '.' where the
+        setup script resides and ensure that path points to the
+        setup path from $install_dir/$egg_path.
+        """
+        path_to_setup = egg_base.replace(os.sep, '/').rstrip('/')
+        if path_to_setup != os.curdir:
+            path_to_setup = '../' * (path_to_setup.count('/') + 1)
+        resolved = pkg_resources.normalize_path(
+            os.path.join(install_dir, egg_path, path_to_setup)
+        )
+        if resolved != pkg_resources.normalize_path(os.curdir):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Can't get a consistent path to setup script from"
+                " installation directory", resolved,
+                pkg_resources.normalize_path(os.curdir))
+        return path_to_setup
+
+    def install_for_development(self):
+        if six.PY3 and getattr(self.distribution, 'use_2to3', False):
+            # If we run 2to3 we can not do this inplace:
+
+            # Ensure metadata is up-to-date
+            self.reinitialize_command('build_py', inplace=0)
+            self.run_command('build_py')
+            bpy_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("build_py")
+            build_path = pkg_resources.normalize_path(bpy_cmd.build_lib)
+
+            # Build extensions
+            self.reinitialize_command('egg_info', egg_base=build_path)
+            self.run_command('egg_info')
+
+            self.reinitialize_command('build_ext', inplace=0)
+            self.run_command('build_ext')
+
+            # Fixup egg-link and easy-install.pth
+            ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+            self.egg_path = build_path
+            self.dist.location = build_path
+            # XXX
+            self.dist._provider = pkg_resources.PathMetadata(
+                build_path, ei_cmd.egg_info)
+        else:
+            # Without 2to3 inplace works fine:
+            self.run_command('egg_info')
+
+            # Build extensions in-place
+            self.reinitialize_command('build_ext', inplace=1)
+            self.run_command('build_ext')
+
+        self.install_site_py()  # ensure that target dir is site-safe
+        if setuptools.bootstrap_install_from:
+            self.easy_install(setuptools.bootstrap_install_from)
+            setuptools.bootstrap_install_from = None
+
+        self.install_namespaces()
+
+        # create an .egg-link in the installation dir, pointing to our egg
+        log.info("Creating %s (link to %s)", self.egg_link, self.egg_base)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            with open(self.egg_link, "w") as f:
+                f.write(self.egg_path + "\n" + self.setup_path)
+        # postprocess the installed distro, fixing up .pth, installing scripts,
+        # and handling requirements
+        self.process_distribution(None, self.dist, not self.no_deps)
+
+    def uninstall_link(self):
+        if os.path.exists(self.egg_link):
+            log.info("Removing %s (link to %s)", self.egg_link, self.egg_base)
+            egg_link_file = open(self.egg_link)
+            contents = [line.rstrip() for line in egg_link_file]
+            egg_link_file.close()
+            if contents not in ([self.egg_path],
+                                [self.egg_path, self.setup_path]):
+                log.warn("Link points to %s: uninstall aborted", contents)
+                return
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                os.unlink(self.egg_link)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            self.update_pth(self.dist)  # remove any .pth link to us
+        if self.distribution.scripts:
+            # XXX should also check for entry point scripts!
+            log.warn("Note: you must uninstall or replace scripts manually!")
+
+    def install_egg_scripts(self, dist):
+        if dist is not self.dist:
+            # Installing a dependency, so fall back to normal behavior
+            return easy_install.install_egg_scripts(self, dist)
+
+        # create wrapper scripts in the script dir, pointing to dist.scripts
+
+        # new-style...
+        self.install_wrapper_scripts(dist)
+
+        # ...and old-style
+        for script_name in self.distribution.scripts or []:
+            script_path = os.path.abspath(convert_path(script_name))
+            script_name = os.path.basename(script_path)
+            with io.open(script_path) as strm:
+                script_text = strm.read()
+            self.install_script(dist, script_name, script_text, script_path)
+
+    def install_wrapper_scripts(self, dist):
+        dist = VersionlessRequirement(dist)
+        return easy_install.install_wrapper_scripts(self, dist)
+
+
+class VersionlessRequirement:
+    """
+    Adapt a pkg_resources.Distribution to simply return the project
+    name as the 'requirement' so that scripts will work across
+    multiple versions.
+
+    >>> from pkg_resources import Distribution
+    >>> dist = Distribution(project_name='foo', version='1.0')
+    >>> str(dist.as_requirement())
+    'foo==1.0'
+    >>> adapted_dist = VersionlessRequirement(dist)
+    >>> str(adapted_dist.as_requirement())
+    'foo'
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, dist):
+        self.__dist = dist
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        return getattr(self.__dist, name)
+
+    def as_requirement(self):
+        return self.project_name
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/dist_info.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/dist_info.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c45258f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/dist_info.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""
+Create a dist_info directory
+As defined in the wheel specification
+"""
+
+import os
+
+from distutils.core import Command
+from distutils import log
+
+
+class dist_info(Command):
+
+    description = 'create a .dist-info directory'
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('egg-base=', 'e', "directory containing .egg-info directories"
+                           " (default: top of the source tree)"),
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.egg_base = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        pass
+
+    def run(self):
+        egg_info = self.get_finalized_command('egg_info')
+        egg_info.egg_base = self.egg_base
+        egg_info.finalize_options()
+        egg_info.run()
+        dist_info_dir = egg_info.egg_info[:-len('.egg-info')] + '.dist-info'
+        log.info("creating '{}'".format(os.path.abspath(dist_info_dir)))
+
+        bdist_wheel = self.get_finalized_command('bdist_wheel')
+        bdist_wheel.egg2dist(egg_info.egg_info, dist_info_dir)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a77eb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2397 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+"""
+Easy Install
+------------
+
+A tool for doing automatic download/extract/build of distutils-based Python
+packages.  For detailed documentation, see the accompanying EasyInstall.txt
+file, or visit the `EasyInstall home page`__.
+
+__ https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/easy_install.html
+
+"""
+
+from glob import glob
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+from distutils.util import convert_path, subst_vars
+from distutils.errors import (
+    DistutilsArgError, DistutilsOptionError,
+    DistutilsError, DistutilsPlatformError,
+)
+from distutils.command.install import INSTALL_SCHEMES, SCHEME_KEYS
+from distutils import log, dir_util
+from distutils.command.build_scripts import first_line_re
+from distutils.spawn import find_executable
+import sys
+import os
+import zipimport
+import shutil
+import tempfile
+import zipfile
+import re
+import stat
+import random
+import textwrap
+import warnings
+import site
+import struct
+import contextlib
+import subprocess
+import shlex
+import io
+
+
+from sysconfig import get_config_vars, get_path
+
+from setuptools import SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import configparser, map
+
+from setuptools import Command
+from setuptools.sandbox import run_setup
+from setuptools.py27compat import rmtree_safe
+from setuptools.command import setopt
+from setuptools.archive_util import unpack_archive
+from setuptools.package_index import (
+    PackageIndex, parse_requirement_arg, URL_SCHEME,
+)
+from setuptools.command import bdist_egg, egg_info
+from setuptools.wheel import Wheel
+from pkg_resources import (
+    yield_lines, normalize_path, resource_string, ensure_directory,
+    get_distribution, find_distributions, Environment, Requirement,
+    Distribution, PathMetadata, EggMetadata, WorkingSet, DistributionNotFound,
+    VersionConflict, DEVELOP_DIST,
+)
+import pkg_resources.py31compat
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+# Turn on PEP440Warnings
+warnings.filterwarnings("default", category=pkg_resources.PEP440Warning)
+
+__all__ = [
+    'samefile', 'easy_install', 'PthDistributions', 'extract_wininst_cfg',
+    'main', 'get_exe_prefixes',
+]
+
+
+def is_64bit():
+    return struct.calcsize("P") == 8
+
+
+def samefile(p1, p2):
+    """
+    Determine if two paths reference the same file.
+
+    Augments os.path.samefile to work on Windows and
+    suppresses errors if the path doesn't exist.
+    """
+    both_exist = os.path.exists(p1) and os.path.exists(p2)
+    use_samefile = hasattr(os.path, 'samefile') and both_exist
+    if use_samefile:
+        return os.path.samefile(p1, p2)
+    norm_p1 = os.path.normpath(os.path.normcase(p1))
+    norm_p2 = os.path.normpath(os.path.normcase(p2))
+    return norm_p1 == norm_p2
+
+
+if six.PY2:
+
+    def _to_bytes(s):
+        return s
+
+    def isascii(s):
+        try:
+            six.text_type(s, 'ascii')
+            return True
+        except UnicodeError:
+            return False
+else:
+
+    def _to_bytes(s):
+        return s.encode('utf8')
+
+    def isascii(s):
+        try:
+            s.encode('ascii')
+            return True
+        except UnicodeError:
+            return False
+
+
+_one_liner = lambda text: textwrap.dedent(text).strip().replace('\n', '; ')
+
+
+class easy_install(Command):
+    """Manage a download/build/install process"""
+    description = "Find/get/install Python packages"
+    command_consumes_arguments = True
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('prefix=', None, "installation prefix"),
+        ("zip-ok", "z", "install package as a zipfile"),
+        ("multi-version", "m", "make apps have to require() a version"),
+        ("upgrade", "U", "force upgrade (searches PyPI for latest versions)"),
+        ("install-dir=", "d", "install package to DIR"),
+        ("script-dir=", "s", "install scripts to DIR"),
+        ("exclude-scripts", "x", "Don't install scripts"),
+        ("always-copy", "a", "Copy all needed packages to install dir"),
+        ("index-url=", "i", "base URL of Python Package Index"),
+        ("find-links=", "f", "additional URL(s) to search for packages"),
+        ("build-directory=", "b",
+         "download/extract/build in DIR; keep the results"),
+        ('optimize=', 'O',
+         "also compile with optimization: -O1 for \"python -O\", "
+         "-O2 for \"python -OO\", and -O0 to disable [default: -O0]"),
+        ('record=', None,
+         "filename in which to record list of installed files"),
+        ('always-unzip', 'Z', "don't install as a zipfile, no matter what"),
+        ('site-dirs=', 'S', "list of directories where .pth files work"),
+        ('editable', 'e', "Install specified packages in editable form"),
+        ('no-deps', 'N', "don't install dependencies"),
+        ('allow-hosts=', 'H', "pattern(s) that hostnames must match"),
+        ('local-snapshots-ok', 'l',
+         "allow building eggs from local checkouts"),
+        ('version', None, "print version information and exit"),
+        ('install-layout=', None, "installation layout to choose (known values: deb)"),
+        ('force-installation-into-system-dir', '0', "force installation into /usr"),
+        ('no-find-links', None,
+         "Don't load find-links defined in packages being installed")
+    ]
+    boolean_options = [
+        'zip-ok', 'multi-version', 'exclude-scripts', 'upgrade', 'always-copy',
+        'editable',
+        'no-deps', 'local-snapshots-ok', 'version', 'force-installation-into-system-dir'
+    ]
+
+    if site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
+        help_msg = "install in user site-package '%s'" % site.USER_SITE
+        user_options.append(('user', None, help_msg))
+        boolean_options.append('user')
+
+    negative_opt = {'always-unzip': 'zip-ok'}
+    create_index = PackageIndex
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        # the --user option seems to be an opt-in one,
+        # so the default should be False.
+        self.user = 0
+        self.zip_ok = self.local_snapshots_ok = None
+        self.install_dir = self.script_dir = self.exclude_scripts = None
+        self.index_url = None
+        self.find_links = None
+        self.build_directory = None
+        self.args = None
+        self.optimize = self.record = None
+        self.upgrade = self.always_copy = self.multi_version = None
+        self.editable = self.no_deps = self.allow_hosts = None
+        self.root = self.prefix = self.no_report = None
+        self.version = None
+        self.install_purelib = None  # for pure module distributions
+        self.install_platlib = None  # non-pure (dists w/ extensions)
+        self.install_headers = None  # for C/C++ headers
+        self.install_lib = None  # set to either purelib or platlib
+        self.install_scripts = None
+        self.install_data = None
+        self.install_base = None
+        self.install_platbase = None
+        if site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
+            self.install_userbase = site.USER_BASE
+            self.install_usersite = site.USER_SITE
+        else:
+            self.install_userbase = None
+            self.install_usersite = None
+        self.no_find_links = None
+
+        # Options not specifiable via command line
+        self.package_index = None
+        self.pth_file = self.always_copy_from = None
+        self.site_dirs = None
+        self.installed_projects = {}
+        self.sitepy_installed = False
+        # enable custom installation, known values: deb
+        self.install_layout = None
+        self.force_installation_into_system_dir = None
+        self.multiarch = None
+
+        # Always read easy_install options, even if we are subclassed, or have
+        # an independent instance created.  This ensures that defaults will
+        # always come from the standard configuration file(s)' "easy_install"
+        # section, even if this is a "develop" or "install" command, or some
+        # other embedding.
+        self._dry_run = None
+        self.verbose = self.distribution.verbose
+        self.distribution._set_command_options(
+            self, self.distribution.get_option_dict('easy_install')
+        )
+
+    def delete_blockers(self, blockers):
+        extant_blockers = (
+            filename for filename in blockers
+            if os.path.exists(filename) or os.path.islink(filename)
+        )
+        list(map(self._delete_path, extant_blockers))
+
+    def _delete_path(self, path):
+        log.info("Deleting %s", path)
+        if self.dry_run:
+            return
+
+        is_tree = os.path.isdir(path) and not os.path.islink(path)
+        remover = rmtree if is_tree else os.unlink
+        remover(path)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _render_version():
+        """
+        Render the Setuptools version and installation details, then exit.
+        """
+        ver = sys.version[:3]
+        dist = get_distribution('setuptools')
+        tmpl = 'setuptools {dist.version} from {dist.location} (Python {ver})'
+        print(tmpl.format(**locals()))
+        raise SystemExit()
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.version and self._render_version()
+
+        py_version = sys.version.split()[0]
+        prefix, exec_prefix = get_config_vars('prefix', 'exec_prefix')
+
+        self.config_vars = {
+            'dist_name': self.distribution.get_name(),
+            'dist_version': self.distribution.get_version(),
+            'dist_fullname': self.distribution.get_fullname(),
+            'py_version': py_version,
+            'py_version_short': py_version[0:3],
+            'py_version_nodot': py_version[0] + py_version[2],
+            'sys_prefix': prefix,
+            'prefix': prefix,
+            'sys_exec_prefix': exec_prefix,
+            'exec_prefix': exec_prefix,
+            # Only python 3.2+ has abiflags
+            'abiflags': getattr(sys, 'abiflags', ''),
+        }
+
+        if site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
+            self.config_vars['userbase'] = self.install_userbase
+            self.config_vars['usersite'] = self.install_usersite
+
+        self._fix_install_dir_for_user_site()
+
+        self.expand_basedirs()
+        self.expand_dirs()
+
+        if self.install_layout:
+            if not self.install_layout.lower() in ['deb']:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError("unknown value for --install-layout")
+            self.install_layout = self.install_layout.lower()
+
+            import sysconfig
+            if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 3):
+                self.multiarch = sysconfig.get_config_var('MULTIARCH')
+
+        self._expand(
+            'install_dir', 'script_dir', 'build_directory',
+            'site_dirs',
+        )
+        # If a non-default installation directory was specified, default the
+        # script directory to match it.
+        if self.script_dir is None:
+            self.script_dir = self.install_dir
+
+        if self.no_find_links is None:
+            self.no_find_links = False
+
+        # Let install_dir get set by install_lib command, which in turn
+        # gets its info from the install command, and takes into account
+        # --prefix and --home and all that other crud.
+        self.set_undefined_options(
+            'install_lib', ('install_dir', 'install_dir')
+        )
+        # Likewise, set default script_dir from 'install_scripts.install_dir'
+        self.set_undefined_options(
+            'install_scripts', ('install_dir', 'script_dir')
+        )
+
+        if self.user and self.install_purelib:
+            self.install_dir = self.install_purelib
+            self.script_dir = self.install_scripts
+
+        if self.prefix == '/usr' and not self.force_installation_into_system_dir:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("""installation into /usr
+
+Trying to install into the system managed parts of the file system. Please
+consider to install to another location, or use the option
+--force-installation-into-system-dir to overwrite this warning.
+""")
+
+        # default --record from the install command
+        self.set_undefined_options('install', ('record', 'record'))
+        # Should this be moved to the if statement below? It's not used
+        # elsewhere
+        normpath = map(normalize_path, sys.path)
+        self.all_site_dirs = get_site_dirs()
+        if self.site_dirs is not None:
+            site_dirs = [
+                os.path.expanduser(s.strip()) for s in
+                self.site_dirs.split(',')
+            ]
+            for d in site_dirs:
+                if not os.path.isdir(d):
+                    log.warn("%s (in --site-dirs) does not exist", d)
+                elif normalize_path(d) not in normpath:
+                    raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                        d + " (in --site-dirs) is not on sys.path"
+                    )
+                else:
+                    self.all_site_dirs.append(normalize_path(d))
+        if not self.editable:
+            self.check_site_dir()
+        self.index_url = self.index_url or "https://pypi.org/simple/"
+        self.shadow_path = self.all_site_dirs[:]
+        for path_item in self.install_dir, normalize_path(self.script_dir):
+            if path_item not in self.shadow_path:
+                self.shadow_path.insert(0, path_item)
+
+        if self.allow_hosts is not None:
+            hosts = [s.strip() for s in self.allow_hosts.split(',')]
+        else:
+            hosts = ['*']
+        if self.package_index is None:
+            self.package_index = self.create_index(
+                self.index_url, search_path=self.shadow_path, hosts=hosts,
+            )
+        self.local_index = Environment(self.shadow_path + sys.path)
+
+        if self.find_links is not None:
+            if isinstance(self.find_links, six.string_types):
+                self.find_links = self.find_links.split()
+        else:
+            self.find_links = []
+        if self.local_snapshots_ok:
+            self.package_index.scan_egg_links(self.shadow_path + sys.path)
+        if not self.no_find_links:
+            self.package_index.add_find_links(self.find_links)
+        self.set_undefined_options('install_lib', ('optimize', 'optimize'))
+        if not isinstance(self.optimize, int):
+            try:
+                self.optimize = int(self.optimize)
+                if not (0 <= self.optimize <= 2):
+                    raise ValueError
+            except ValueError:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError("--optimize must be 0, 1, or 2")
+
+        if self.editable and not self.build_directory:
+            raise DistutilsArgError(
+                "Must specify a build directory (-b) when using --editable"
+            )
+        if not self.args:
+            raise DistutilsArgError(
+                "No urls, filenames, or requirements specified (see --help)")
+
+        self.outputs = []
+
+    def _fix_install_dir_for_user_site(self):
+        """
+        Fix the install_dir if "--user" was used.
+        """
+        if not self.user or not site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
+            return
+
+        self.create_home_path()
+        if self.install_userbase is None:
+            msg = "User base directory is not specified"
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError(msg)
+        self.install_base = self.install_platbase = self.install_userbase
+        scheme_name = os.name.replace('posix', 'unix') + '_user'
+        self.select_scheme(scheme_name)
+
+    def _expand_attrs(self, attrs):
+        for attr in attrs:
+            val = getattr(self, attr)
+            if val is not None:
+                if os.name == 'posix' or os.name == 'nt':
+                    val = os.path.expanduser(val)
+                val = subst_vars(val, self.config_vars)
+                setattr(self, attr, val)
+
+    def expand_basedirs(self):
+        """Calls `os.path.expanduser` on install_base, install_platbase and
+        root."""
+        self._expand_attrs(['install_base', 'install_platbase', 'root'])
+
+    def expand_dirs(self):
+        """Calls `os.path.expanduser` on install dirs."""
+        dirs = [
+            'install_purelib',
+            'install_platlib',
+            'install_lib',
+            'install_headers',
+            'install_scripts',
+            'install_data',
+        ]
+        self._expand_attrs(dirs)
+
+    def run(self):
+        if self.verbose != self.distribution.verbose:
+            log.set_verbosity(self.verbose)
+        try:
+            for spec in self.args:
+                self.easy_install(spec, not self.no_deps)
+            if self.record:
+                outputs = list(sorted(self.outputs))
+                if self.root:  # strip any package prefix
+                    root_len = len(self.root)
+                    for counter in range(len(outputs)):
+                        outputs[counter] = outputs[counter][root_len:]
+                from distutils import file_util
+
+                self.execute(
+                    file_util.write_file, (self.record, outputs),
+                    "writing list of installed files to '%s'" %
+                    self.record
+                )
+            self.warn_deprecated_options()
+        finally:
+            log.set_verbosity(self.distribution.verbose)
+
+    def pseudo_tempname(self):
+        """Return a pseudo-tempname base in the install directory.
+        This code is intentionally naive; if a malicious party can write to
+        the target directory you're already in deep doodoo.
+        """
+        try:
+            pid = os.getpid()
+        except Exception:
+            pid = random.randint(0, sys.maxsize)
+        return os.path.join(self.install_dir, "test-easy-install-%s" % pid)
+
+    def warn_deprecated_options(self):
+        pass
+
+    def check_site_dir(self):
+        """Verify that self.install_dir is .pth-capable dir, if needed"""
+
+        instdir = normalize_path(self.install_dir)
+        pth_file = os.path.join(instdir, 'easy-install.pth')
+
+        # Is it a configured, PYTHONPATH, implicit, or explicit site dir?
+        is_site_dir = instdir in self.all_site_dirs
+
+        if not is_site_dir and not self.multi_version:
+            # No?  Then directly test whether it does .pth file processing
+            is_site_dir = self.check_pth_processing()
+        else:
+            # make sure we can write to target dir
+            testfile = self.pseudo_tempname() + '.write-test'
+            test_exists = os.path.exists(testfile)
+            try:
+                if test_exists:
+                    os.unlink(testfile)
+                open(testfile, 'w').close()
+                os.unlink(testfile)
+            except (OSError, IOError):
+                self.cant_write_to_target()
+
+        if not is_site_dir and not self.multi_version:
+            # Can't install non-multi to non-site dir
+            raise DistutilsError(self.no_default_version_msg())
+
+        if is_site_dir:
+            if self.pth_file is None:
+                self.pth_file = PthDistributions(pth_file, self.all_site_dirs)
+        else:
+            self.pth_file = None
+
+        if instdir not in map(normalize_path, _pythonpath()):
+            # only PYTHONPATH dirs need a site.py, so pretend it's there
+            self.sitepy_installed = True
+        elif self.multi_version and not os.path.exists(pth_file):
+            self.sitepy_installed = True  # don't need site.py in this case
+            self.pth_file = None  # and don't create a .pth file
+        self.install_dir = instdir
+
+    __cant_write_msg = textwrap.dedent("""
+        can't create or remove files in install directory
+
+        The following error occurred while trying to add or remove files in the
+        installation directory:
+
+            %s
+
+        The installation directory you specified (via --install-dir, --prefix, or
+        the distutils default setting) was:
+
+            %s
+        """).lstrip()
+
+    __not_exists_id = textwrap.dedent("""
+        This directory does not currently exist.  Please create it and try again, or
+        choose a different installation directory (using the -d or --install-dir
+        option).
+        """).lstrip()
+
+    __access_msg = textwrap.dedent("""
+        Perhaps your account does not have write access to this directory?  If the
+        installation directory is a system-owned directory, you may need to sign in
+        as the administrator or "root" account.  If you do not have administrative
+        access to this machine, you may wish to choose a different installation
+        directory, preferably one that is listed in your PYTHONPATH environment
+        variable.
+
+        For information on other options, you may wish to consult the
+        documentation at:
+
+          https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/easy_install.html
+
+        Please make the appropriate changes for your system and try again.
+        """).lstrip()
+
+    def cant_write_to_target(self):
+        msg = self.__cant_write_msg % (sys.exc_info()[1], self.install_dir,)
+
+        if not os.path.exists(self.install_dir):
+            msg += '\n' + self.__not_exists_id
+        else:
+            msg += '\n' + self.__access_msg
+        raise DistutilsError(msg)
+
+    def check_pth_processing(self):
+        """Empirically verify whether .pth files are supported in inst. dir"""
+        instdir = self.install_dir
+        log.info("Checking .pth file support in %s", instdir)
+        pth_file = self.pseudo_tempname() + ".pth"
+        ok_file = pth_file + '.ok'
+        ok_exists = os.path.exists(ok_file)
+        tmpl = _one_liner("""
+            import os
+            f = open({ok_file!r}, 'w')
+            f.write('OK')
+            f.close()
+            """) + '\n'
+        try:
+            if ok_exists:
+                os.unlink(ok_file)
+            dirname = os.path.dirname(ok_file)
+            pkg_resources.py31compat.makedirs(dirname, exist_ok=True)
+            f = open(pth_file, 'w')
+        except (OSError, IOError):
+            self.cant_write_to_target()
+        else:
+            try:
+                f.write(tmpl.format(**locals()))
+                f.close()
+                f = None
+                executable = sys.executable
+                if os.name == 'nt':
+                    dirname, basename = os.path.split(executable)
+                    alt = os.path.join(dirname, 'pythonw.exe')
+                    use_alt = (
+                        basename.lower() == 'python.exe' and
+                        os.path.exists(alt)
+                    )
+                    if use_alt:
+                        # use pythonw.exe to avoid opening a console window
+                        executable = alt
+
+                from distutils.spawn import spawn
+
+                spawn([executable, '-E', '-c', 'pass'], 0)
+
+                if os.path.exists(ok_file):
+                    log.info(
+                        "TEST PASSED: %s appears to support .pth files",
+                        instdir
+                    )
+                    return True
+            finally:
+                if f:
+                    f.close()
+                if os.path.exists(ok_file):
+                    os.unlink(ok_file)
+                if os.path.exists(pth_file):
+                    os.unlink(pth_file)
+        if not self.multi_version:
+            log.warn("TEST FAILED: %s does NOT support .pth files", instdir)
+        return False
+
+    def install_egg_scripts(self, dist):
+        """Write all the scripts for `dist`, unless scripts are excluded"""
+        if not self.exclude_scripts and dist.metadata_isdir('scripts'):
+            for script_name in dist.metadata_listdir('scripts'):
+                if dist.metadata_isdir('scripts/' + script_name):
+                    # The "script" is a directory, likely a Python 3
+                    # __pycache__ directory, so skip it.
+                    continue
+                self.install_script(
+                    dist, script_name,
+                    dist.get_metadata('scripts/' + script_name)
+                )
+        self.install_wrapper_scripts(dist)
+
+    def add_output(self, path):
+        if os.path.isdir(path):
+            for base, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
+                for filename in files:
+                    self.outputs.append(os.path.join(base, filename))
+        else:
+            self.outputs.append(path)
+
+    def not_editable(self, spec):
+        if self.editable:
+            raise DistutilsArgError(
+                "Invalid argument %r: you can't use filenames or URLs "
+                "with --editable (except via the --find-links option)."
+                % (spec,)
+            )
+
+    def check_editable(self, spec):
+        if not self.editable:
+            return
+
+        if os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.build_directory, spec.key)):
+            raise DistutilsArgError(
+                "%r already exists in %s; can't do a checkout there" %
+                (spec.key, self.build_directory)
+            )
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _tmpdir(self):
+        tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix=u"easy_install-")
+        try:
+            # cast to str as workaround for #709 and #710 and #712
+            yield str(tmpdir)
+        finally:
+            os.path.exists(tmpdir) and rmtree(rmtree_safe(tmpdir))
+
+    def easy_install(self, spec, deps=False):
+        if not self.editable:
+            self.install_site_py()
+
+        with self._tmpdir() as tmpdir:
+            if not isinstance(spec, Requirement):
+                if URL_SCHEME(spec):
+                    # It's a url, download it to tmpdir and process
+                    self.not_editable(spec)
+                    dl = self.package_index.download(spec, tmpdir)
+                    return self.install_item(None, dl, tmpdir, deps, True)
+
+                elif os.path.exists(spec):
+                    # Existing file or directory, just process it directly
+                    self.not_editable(spec)
+                    return self.install_item(None, spec, tmpdir, deps, True)
+                else:
+                    spec = parse_requirement_arg(spec)
+
+            self.check_editable(spec)
+            dist = self.package_index.fetch_distribution(
+                spec, tmpdir, self.upgrade, self.editable,
+                not self.always_copy, self.local_index
+            )
+            if dist is None:
+                msg = "Could not find suitable distribution for %r" % spec
+                if self.always_copy:
+                    msg += " (--always-copy skips system and development eggs)"
+                raise DistutilsError(msg)
+            elif dist.precedence == DEVELOP_DIST:
+                # .egg-info dists don't need installing, just process deps
+                self.process_distribution(spec, dist, deps, "Using")
+                return dist
+            else:
+                return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)
+
+    def install_item(self, spec, download, tmpdir, deps, install_needed=False):
+
+        # Installation is also needed if file in tmpdir or is not an egg
+        install_needed = install_needed or self.always_copy
+        install_needed = install_needed or os.path.dirname(download) == tmpdir
+        install_needed = install_needed or not download.endswith('.egg')
+        install_needed = install_needed or (
+            self.always_copy_from is not None and
+            os.path.dirname(normalize_path(download)) ==
+            normalize_path(self.always_copy_from)
+        )
+
+        if spec and not install_needed:
+            # at this point, we know it's a local .egg, we just don't know if
+            # it's already installed.
+            for dist in self.local_index[spec.project_name]:
+                if dist.location == download:
+                    break
+            else:
+                install_needed = True  # it's not in the local index
+
+        log.info("Processing %s", os.path.basename(download))
+
+        if install_needed:
+            dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)
+            for dist in dists:
+                self.process_distribution(spec, dist, deps)
+        else:
+            dists = [self.egg_distribution(download)]
+            self.process_distribution(spec, dists[0], deps, "Using")
+
+        if spec is not None:
+            for dist in dists:
+                if dist in spec:
+                    return dist
+
+    def select_scheme(self, name):
+        """Sets the install directories by applying the install schemes."""
+        # it's the caller's problem if they supply a bad name!
+        scheme = INSTALL_SCHEMES[name]
+        for key in SCHEME_KEYS:
+            attrname = 'install_' + key
+            if getattr(self, attrname) is None:
+                setattr(self, attrname, scheme[key])
+
+    def process_distribution(self, requirement, dist, deps=True, *info):
+        self.update_pth(dist)
+        self.package_index.add(dist)
+        if dist in self.local_index[dist.key]:
+            self.local_index.remove(dist)
+        self.local_index.add(dist)
+        self.install_egg_scripts(dist)
+        self.installed_projects[dist.key] = dist
+        log.info(self.installation_report(requirement, dist, *info))
+        if (dist.has_metadata('dependency_links.txt') and
+                not self.no_find_links):
+            self.package_index.add_find_links(
+                dist.get_metadata_lines('dependency_links.txt')
+            )
+        if not deps and not self.always_copy:
+            return
+        elif requirement is not None and dist.key != requirement.key:
+            log.warn("Skipping dependencies for %s", dist)
+            return  # XXX this is not the distribution we were looking for
+        elif requirement is None or dist not in requirement:
+            # if we wound up with a different version, resolve what we've got
+            distreq = dist.as_requirement()
+            requirement = Requirement(str(distreq))
+        log.info("Processing dependencies for %s", requirement)
+        try:
+            distros = WorkingSet([]).resolve(
+                [requirement], self.local_index, self.easy_install
+            )
+        except DistributionNotFound as e:
+            raise DistutilsError(str(e))
+        except VersionConflict as e:
+            raise DistutilsError(e.report())
+        if self.always_copy or self.always_copy_from:
+            # Force all the relevant distros to be copied or activated
+            for dist in distros:
+                if dist.key not in self.installed_projects:
+                    self.easy_install(dist.as_requirement())
+        log.info("Finished processing dependencies for %s", requirement)
+
+    def should_unzip(self, dist):
+        if self.zip_ok is not None:
+            return not self.zip_ok
+        if dist.has_metadata('not-zip-safe'):
+            return True
+        if not dist.has_metadata('zip-safe'):
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def maybe_move(self, spec, dist_filename, setup_base):
+        dst = os.path.join(self.build_directory, spec.key)
+        if os.path.exists(dst):
+            msg = (
+                "%r already exists in %s; build directory %s will not be kept"
+            )
+            log.warn(msg, spec.key, self.build_directory, setup_base)
+            return setup_base
+        if os.path.isdir(dist_filename):
+            setup_base = dist_filename
+        else:
+            if os.path.dirname(dist_filename) == setup_base:
+                os.unlink(dist_filename)  # get it out of the tmp dir
+            contents = os.listdir(setup_base)
+            if len(contents) == 1:
+                dist_filename = os.path.join(setup_base, contents[0])
+                if os.path.isdir(dist_filename):
+                    # if the only thing there is a directory, move it instead
+                    setup_base = dist_filename
+        ensure_directory(dst)
+        shutil.move(setup_base, dst)
+        return dst
+
+    def install_wrapper_scripts(self, dist):
+        if self.exclude_scripts:
+            return
+        for args in ScriptWriter.best().get_args(dist):
+            self.write_script(*args)
+
+    def install_script(self, dist, script_name, script_text, dev_path=None):
+        """Generate a legacy script wrapper and install it"""
+        spec = str(dist.as_requirement())
+        is_script = is_python_script(script_text, script_name)
+
+        if is_script:
+            body = self._load_template(dev_path) % locals()
+            script_text = ScriptWriter.get_header(script_text) + body
+        self.write_script(script_name, _to_bytes(script_text), 'b')
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _load_template(dev_path):
+        """
+        There are a couple of template scripts in the package. This
+        function loads one of them and prepares it for use.
+        """
+        # See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/134 for info
+        # on script file naming and downstream issues with SVR4
+        name = 'script.tmpl'
+        if dev_path:
+            name = name.replace('.tmpl', ' (dev).tmpl')
+
+        raw_bytes = resource_string('setuptools', name)
+        return raw_bytes.decode('utf-8')
+
+    def write_script(self, script_name, contents, mode="t", blockers=()):
+        """Write an executable file to the scripts directory"""
+        self.delete_blockers(  # clean up old .py/.pyw w/o a script
+            [os.path.join(self.script_dir, x) for x in blockers]
+        )
+        log.info("Installing %s script to %s", script_name, self.script_dir)
+        target = os.path.join(self.script_dir, script_name)
+        self.add_output(target)
+
+        if self.dry_run:
+            return
+
+        mask = current_umask()
+        ensure_directory(target)
+        if os.path.exists(target):
+            os.unlink(target)
+        with open(target, "w" + mode) as f:
+            f.write(contents)
+        chmod(target, 0o777 - mask)
+
+    def install_eggs(self, spec, dist_filename, tmpdir):
+        # .egg dirs or files are already built, so just return them
+        if dist_filename.lower().endswith('.egg'):
+            return [self.install_egg(dist_filename, tmpdir)]
+        elif dist_filename.lower().endswith('.exe'):
+            return [self.install_exe(dist_filename, tmpdir)]
+        elif dist_filename.lower().endswith('.whl'):
+            return [self.install_wheel(dist_filename, tmpdir)]
+
+        # Anything else, try to extract and build
+        setup_base = tmpdir
+        if os.path.isfile(dist_filename) and not dist_filename.endswith('.py'):
+            unpack_archive(dist_filename, tmpdir, self.unpack_progress)
+        elif os.path.isdir(dist_filename):
+            setup_base = os.path.abspath(dist_filename)
+
+        if (setup_base.startswith(tmpdir)  # something we downloaded
+                and self.build_directory and spec is not None):
+            setup_base = self.maybe_move(spec, dist_filename, setup_base)
+
+        # Find the setup.py file
+        setup_script = os.path.join(setup_base, 'setup.py')
+
+        if not os.path.exists(setup_script):
+            setups = glob(os.path.join(setup_base, '*', 'setup.py'))
+            if not setups:
+                raise DistutilsError(
+                    "Couldn't find a setup script in %s" %
+                    os.path.abspath(dist_filename)
+                )
+            if len(setups) > 1:
+                raise DistutilsError(
+                    "Multiple setup scripts in %s" %
+                    os.path.abspath(dist_filename)
+                )
+            setup_script = setups[0]
+
+        # Now run it, and return the result
+        if self.editable:
+            log.info(self.report_editable(spec, setup_script))
+            return []
+        else:
+            return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)
+
+    def egg_distribution(self, egg_path):
+        if os.path.isdir(egg_path):
+            metadata = PathMetadata(egg_path, os.path.join(egg_path,
+                                                           'EGG-INFO'))
+        else:
+            metadata = EggMetadata(zipimport.zipimporter(egg_path))
+        return Distribution.from_filename(egg_path, metadata=metadata)
+
+    def install_egg(self, egg_path, tmpdir):
+        destination = os.path.join(
+            self.install_dir,
+            os.path.basename(egg_path),
+        )
+        destination = os.path.abspath(destination)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            ensure_directory(destination)
+
+        dist = self.egg_distribution(egg_path)
+        if not samefile(egg_path, destination):
+            if os.path.isdir(destination) and not os.path.islink(destination):
+                dir_util.remove_tree(destination, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+            elif os.path.exists(destination):
+                self.execute(
+                    os.unlink,
+                    (destination,),
+                    "Removing " + destination,
+                )
+            try:
+                new_dist_is_zipped = False
+                if os.path.isdir(egg_path):
+                    if egg_path.startswith(tmpdir):
+                        f, m = shutil.move, "Moving"
+                    else:
+                        f, m = shutil.copytree, "Copying"
+                elif self.should_unzip(dist):
+                    self.mkpath(destination)
+                    f, m = self.unpack_and_compile, "Extracting"
+                else:
+                    new_dist_is_zipped = True
+                    if egg_path.startswith(tmpdir):
+                        f, m = shutil.move, "Moving"
+                    else:
+                        f, m = shutil.copy2, "Copying"
+                self.execute(
+                    f,
+                    (egg_path, destination),
+                    (m + " %s to %s") % (
+                        os.path.basename(egg_path),
+                        os.path.dirname(destination)
+                    ),
+                )
+                update_dist_caches(
+                    destination,
+                    fix_zipimporter_caches=new_dist_is_zipped,
+                )
+            except Exception:
+                update_dist_caches(destination, fix_zipimporter_caches=False)
+                raise
+
+        self.add_output(destination)
+        return self.egg_distribution(destination)
+
+    def install_exe(self, dist_filename, tmpdir):
+        # See if it's valid, get data
+        cfg = extract_wininst_cfg(dist_filename)
+        if cfg is None:
+            raise DistutilsError(
+                "%s is not a valid distutils Windows .exe" % dist_filename
+            )
+        # Create a dummy distribution object until we build the real distro
+        dist = Distribution(
+            None,
+            project_name=cfg.get('metadata', 'name'),
+            version=cfg.get('metadata', 'version'), platform=get_platform(),
+        )
+
+        # Convert the .exe to an unpacked egg
+        egg_path = os.path.join(tmpdir, dist.egg_name() + '.egg')
+        dist.location = egg_path
+        egg_tmp = egg_path + '.tmp'
+        _egg_info = os.path.join(egg_tmp, 'EGG-INFO')
+        pkg_inf = os.path.join(_egg_info, 'PKG-INFO')
+        ensure_directory(pkg_inf)  # make sure EGG-INFO dir exists
+        dist._provider = PathMetadata(egg_tmp, _egg_info)  # XXX
+        self.exe_to_egg(dist_filename, egg_tmp)
+
+        # Write EGG-INFO/PKG-INFO
+        if not os.path.exists(pkg_inf):
+            f = open(pkg_inf, 'w')
+            f.write('Metadata-Version: 1.0\n')
+            for k, v in cfg.items('metadata'):
+                if k != 'target_version':
+                    f.write('%s: %s\n' % (k.replace('_', '-').title(), v))
+            f.close()
+        script_dir = os.path.join(_egg_info, 'scripts')
+        # delete entry-point scripts to avoid duping
+        self.delete_blockers([
+            os.path.join(script_dir, args[0])
+            for args in ScriptWriter.get_args(dist)
+        ])
+        # Build .egg file from tmpdir
+        bdist_egg.make_zipfile(
+            egg_path, egg_tmp, verbose=self.verbose, dry_run=self.dry_run,
+        )
+        # install the .egg
+        return self.install_egg(egg_path, tmpdir)
+
+    def exe_to_egg(self, dist_filename, egg_tmp):
+        """Extract a bdist_wininst to the directories an egg would use"""
+        # Check for .pth file and set up prefix translations
+        prefixes = get_exe_prefixes(dist_filename)
+        to_compile = []
+        native_libs = []
+        top_level = {}
+
+        def process(src, dst):
+            s = src.lower()
+            for old, new in prefixes:
+                if s.startswith(old):
+                    src = new + src[len(old):]
+                    parts = src.split('/')
+                    dst = os.path.join(egg_tmp, *parts)
+                    dl = dst.lower()
+                    if dl.endswith('.pyd') or dl.endswith('.dll'):
+                        parts[-1] = bdist_egg.strip_module(parts[-1])
+                        top_level[os.path.splitext(parts[0])[0]] = 1
+                        native_libs.append(src)
+                    elif dl.endswith('.py') and old != 'SCRIPTS/':
+                        top_level[os.path.splitext(parts[0])[0]] = 1
+                        to_compile.append(dst)
+                    return dst
+            if not src.endswith('.pth'):
+                log.warn("WARNING: can't process %s", src)
+            return None
+
+        # extract, tracking .pyd/.dll->native_libs and .py -> to_compile
+        unpack_archive(dist_filename, egg_tmp, process)
+        stubs = []
+        for res in native_libs:
+            if res.lower().endswith('.pyd'):  # create stubs for .pyd's
+                parts = res.split('/')
+                resource = parts[-1]
+                parts[-1] = bdist_egg.strip_module(parts[-1]) + '.py'
+                pyfile = os.path.join(egg_tmp, *parts)
+                to_compile.append(pyfile)
+                stubs.append(pyfile)
+                bdist_egg.write_stub(resource, pyfile)
+        self.byte_compile(to_compile)  # compile .py's
+        bdist_egg.write_safety_flag(
+            os.path.join(egg_tmp, 'EGG-INFO'),
+            bdist_egg.analyze_egg(egg_tmp, stubs))  # write zip-safety flag
+
+        for name in 'top_level', 'native_libs':
+            if locals()[name]:
+                txt = os.path.join(egg_tmp, 'EGG-INFO', name + '.txt')
+                if not os.path.exists(txt):
+                    f = open(txt, 'w')
+                    f.write('\n'.join(locals()[name]) + '\n')
+                    f.close()
+
+    def install_wheel(self, wheel_path, tmpdir):
+        wheel = Wheel(wheel_path)
+        assert wheel.is_compatible()
+        destination = os.path.join(self.install_dir, wheel.egg_name())
+        destination = os.path.abspath(destination)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            ensure_directory(destination)
+        if os.path.isdir(destination) and not os.path.islink(destination):
+            dir_util.remove_tree(destination, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+        elif os.path.exists(destination):
+            self.execute(
+                os.unlink,
+                (destination,),
+                "Removing " + destination,
+            )
+        try:
+            self.execute(
+                wheel.install_as_egg,
+                (destination,),
+                ("Installing %s to %s") % (
+                    os.path.basename(wheel_path),
+                    os.path.dirname(destination)
+                ),
+            )
+        finally:
+            update_dist_caches(destination, fix_zipimporter_caches=False)
+        self.add_output(destination)
+        return self.egg_distribution(destination)
+
+    __mv_warning = textwrap.dedent("""
+        Because this distribution was installed --multi-version, before you can
+        import modules from this package in an application, you will need to
+        'import pkg_resources' and then use a 'require()' call similar to one of
+        these examples, in order to select the desired version:
+
+            pkg_resources.require("%(name)s")  # latest installed version
+            pkg_resources.require("%(name)s==%(version)s")  # this exact version
+            pkg_resources.require("%(name)s>=%(version)s")  # this version or higher
+        """).lstrip()
+
+    __id_warning = textwrap.dedent("""
+        Note also that the installation directory must be on sys.path at runtime for
+        this to work.  (e.g. by being the application's script directory, by being on
+        PYTHONPATH, or by being added to sys.path by your code.)
+        """)
+
+    def installation_report(self, req, dist, what="Installed"):
+        """Helpful installation message for display to package users"""
+        msg = "\n%(what)s %(eggloc)s%(extras)s"
+        if self.multi_version and not self.no_report:
+            msg += '\n' + self.__mv_warning
+            if self.install_dir not in map(normalize_path, sys.path):
+                msg += '\n' + self.__id_warning
+
+        eggloc = dist.location
+        name = dist.project_name
+        version = dist.version
+        extras = ''  # TODO: self.report_extras(req, dist)
+        return msg % locals()
+
+    __editable_msg = textwrap.dedent("""
+        Extracted editable version of %(spec)s to %(dirname)s
+
+        If it uses setuptools in its setup script, you can activate it in
+        "development" mode by going to that directory and running::
+
+            %(python)s setup.py develop
+
+        See the setuptools documentation for the "develop" command for more info.
+        """).lstrip()
+
+    def report_editable(self, spec, setup_script):
+        dirname = os.path.dirname(setup_script)
+        python = sys.executable
+        return '\n' + self.__editable_msg % locals()
+
+    def run_setup(self, setup_script, setup_base, args):
+        sys.modules.setdefault('distutils.command.bdist_egg', bdist_egg)
+        sys.modules.setdefault('distutils.command.egg_info', egg_info)
+
+        args = list(args)
+        if self.verbose > 2:
+            v = 'v' * (self.verbose - 1)
+            args.insert(0, '-' + v)
+        elif self.verbose < 2:
+            args.insert(0, '-q')
+        if self.dry_run:
+            args.insert(0, '-n')
+        log.info(
+            "Running %s %s", setup_script[len(setup_base) + 1:], ' '.join(args)
+        )
+        try:
+            run_setup(setup_script, args)
+        except SystemExit as v:
+            raise DistutilsError("Setup script exited with %s" % (v.args[0],))
+
+    def build_and_install(self, setup_script, setup_base):
+        args = ['bdist_egg', '--dist-dir']
+
+        dist_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(
+            prefix='egg-dist-tmp-', dir=os.path.dirname(setup_script)
+        )
+        try:
+            self._set_fetcher_options(os.path.dirname(setup_script))
+            args.append(dist_dir)
+
+            self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)
+            all_eggs = Environment([dist_dir])
+            eggs = []
+            for key in all_eggs:
+                for dist in all_eggs[key]:
+                    eggs.append(self.install_egg(dist.location, setup_base))
+            if not eggs and not self.dry_run:
+                log.warn("No eggs found in %s (setup script problem?)",
+                         dist_dir)
+            return eggs
+        finally:
+            rmtree(dist_dir)
+            log.set_verbosity(self.verbose)  # restore our log verbosity
+
+    def _set_fetcher_options(self, base):
+        """
+        When easy_install is about to run bdist_egg on a source dist, that
+        source dist might have 'setup_requires' directives, requiring
+        additional fetching. Ensure the fetcher options given to easy_install
+        are available to that command as well.
+        """
+        # find the fetch options from easy_install and write them out
+        # to the setup.cfg file.
+        ei_opts = self.distribution.get_option_dict('easy_install').copy()
+        fetch_directives = (
+            'find_links', 'site_dirs', 'index_url', 'optimize',
+            'site_dirs', 'allow_hosts',
+        )
+        fetch_options = {}
+        for key, val in ei_opts.items():
+            if key not in fetch_directives:
+                continue
+            fetch_options[key.replace('_', '-')] = val[1]
+        # create a settings dictionary suitable for `edit_config`
+        settings = dict(easy_install=fetch_options)
+        cfg_filename = os.path.join(base, 'setup.cfg')
+        setopt.edit_config(cfg_filename, settings)
+
+    def update_pth(self, dist):
+        if self.pth_file is None:
+            return
+
+        for d in self.pth_file[dist.key]:  # drop old entries
+            if self.multi_version or d.location != dist.location:
+                log.info("Removing %s from easy-install.pth file", d)
+                self.pth_file.remove(d)
+                if d.location in self.shadow_path:
+                    self.shadow_path.remove(d.location)
+
+        if not self.multi_version:
+            if dist.location in self.pth_file.paths:
+                log.info(
+                    "%s is already the active version in easy-install.pth",
+                    dist,
+                )
+            else:
+                log.info("Adding %s to easy-install.pth file", dist)
+                self.pth_file.add(dist)  # add new entry
+                if dist.location not in self.shadow_path:
+                    self.shadow_path.append(dist.location)
+
+        if not self.dry_run:
+
+            self.pth_file.save()
+
+            if dist.key == 'setuptools':
+                # Ensure that setuptools itself never becomes unavailable!
+                # XXX should this check for latest version?
+                filename = os.path.join(self.install_dir, 'setuptools.pth')
+                if os.path.islink(filename):
+                    os.unlink(filename)
+                f = open(filename, 'wt')
+                f.write(self.pth_file.make_relative(dist.location) + '\n')
+                f.close()
+
+    def unpack_progress(self, src, dst):
+        # Progress filter for unpacking
+        log.debug("Unpacking %s to %s", src, dst)
+        return dst  # only unpack-and-compile skips files for dry run
+
+    def unpack_and_compile(self, egg_path, destination):
+        to_compile = []
+        to_chmod = []
+
+        def pf(src, dst):
+            if dst.endswith('.py') and not src.startswith('EGG-INFO/'):
+                to_compile.append(dst)
+            elif dst.endswith('.dll') or dst.endswith('.so'):
+                to_chmod.append(dst)
+            self.unpack_progress(src, dst)
+            return not self.dry_run and dst or None
+
+        unpack_archive(egg_path, destination, pf)
+        self.byte_compile(to_compile)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            for f in to_chmod:
+                mode = ((os.stat(f)[stat.ST_MODE]) | 0o555) & 0o7755
+                chmod(f, mode)
+
+    def byte_compile(self, to_compile):
+        if sys.dont_write_bytecode:
+            return
+
+        from distutils.util import byte_compile
+
+        try:
+            # try to make the byte compile messages quieter
+            log.set_verbosity(self.verbose - 1)
+
+            byte_compile(to_compile, optimize=0, force=1, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+            if self.optimize:
+                byte_compile(
+                    to_compile, optimize=self.optimize, force=1,
+                    dry_run=self.dry_run,
+                )
+        finally:
+            log.set_verbosity(self.verbose)  # restore original verbosity
+
+    __no_default_msg = textwrap.dedent("""
+        bad install directory or PYTHONPATH
+
+        You are attempting to install a package to a directory that is not
+        on PYTHONPATH and which Python does not read ".pth" files from.  The
+        installation directory you specified (via --install-dir, --prefix, or
+        the distutils default setting) was:
+
+            %s
+
+        and your PYTHONPATH environment variable currently contains:
+
+            %r
+
+        Here are some of your options for correcting the problem:
+
+        * You can choose a different installation directory, i.e., one that is
+          on PYTHONPATH or supports .pth files
+
+        * You can add the installation directory to the PYTHONPATH environment
+          variable.  (It must then also be on PYTHONPATH whenever you run
+          Python and want to use the package(s) you are installing.)
+
+        * You can set up the installation directory to support ".pth" files by
+          using one of the approaches described here:
+
+          https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/easy_install.html#custom-installation-locations
+
+
+        Please make the appropriate changes for your system and try again.""").lstrip()
+
+    def no_default_version_msg(self):
+        template = self.__no_default_msg
+        return template % (self.install_dir, os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', ''))
+
+    def install_site_py(self):
+        """Make sure there's a site.py in the target dir, if needed"""
+
+        if self.sitepy_installed:
+            return  # already did it, or don't need to
+
+        sitepy = os.path.join(self.install_dir, "site.py")
+        source = resource_string("setuptools", "site-patch.py")
+        source = source.decode('utf-8')
+        current = ""
+
+        if os.path.exists(sitepy):
+            log.debug("Checking existing site.py in %s", self.install_dir)
+            with io.open(sitepy) as strm:
+                current = strm.read()
+
+            if not current.startswith('def __boot():'):
+                raise DistutilsError(
+                    "%s is not a setuptools-generated site.py; please"
+                    " remove it." % sitepy
+                )
+
+        if current != source:
+            log.info("Creating %s", sitepy)
+            if not self.dry_run:
+                ensure_directory(sitepy)
+                with io.open(sitepy, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as strm:
+                    strm.write(source)
+            self.byte_compile([sitepy])
+
+        self.sitepy_installed = True
+
+    def create_home_path(self):
+        """Create directories under ~."""
+        if not self.user:
+            return
+        home = convert_path(os.path.expanduser("~"))
+        for name, path in six.iteritems(self.config_vars):
+            if path.startswith(home) and not os.path.isdir(path):
+                self.debug_print("os.makedirs('%s', 0o700)" % path)
+                os.makedirs(path, 0o700)
+
+    if sys.version[:3] in ('2.3', '2.4', '2.5') or 'real_prefix' in sys.__dict__:
+        sitedir_name = 'site-packages'
+    else:
+        sitedir_name = 'dist-packages'
+
+    INSTALL_SCHEMES = dict(
+        posix=dict(
+            install_dir='$base/lib/python$py_version_short/site-packages',
+            script_dir='$base/bin',
+        ),
+        unix_local = dict(
+            install_dir = '$base/local/lib/python$py_version_short/%s' % sitedir_name,
+            script_dir  = '$base/local/bin',
+        ),
+        posix_local = dict(
+            install_dir = '$base/local/lib/python$py_version_short/%s' % sitedir_name,
+            script_dir  = '$base/local/bin',
+        ),
+        deb_system = dict(
+            install_dir = '$base/lib/python3/%s' % sitedir_name,
+            script_dir  = '$base/bin',
+        ),
+    )
+
+    DEFAULT_SCHEME = dict(
+        install_dir='$base/Lib/site-packages',
+        script_dir='$base/Scripts',
+    )
+
+    def _expand(self, *attrs):
+        config_vars = self.get_finalized_command('install').config_vars
+
+        if self.prefix or self.install_layout:
+            if self.install_layout and self.install_layout in ['deb']:
+                    scheme_name = "deb_system"
+                    self.prefix = '/usr'
+            elif self.prefix or 'real_prefix' in sys.__dict__:
+                scheme_name = os.name
+            else:
+                scheme_name = "posix_local"
+            # Set default install_dir/scripts from --prefix
+            config_vars = config_vars.copy()
+            config_vars['base'] = self.prefix
+            scheme = self.INSTALL_SCHEMES.get(scheme_name,self.DEFAULT_SCHEME)
+            for attr, val in scheme.items():
+                if getattr(self, attr, None) is None:
+                    setattr(self, attr, val)
+
+        from distutils.util import subst_vars
+
+        for attr in attrs:
+            val = getattr(self, attr)
+            if val is not None:
+                val = subst_vars(val, config_vars)
+                if os.name == 'posix':
+                    val = os.path.expanduser(val)
+                setattr(self, attr, val)
+
+
+def _pythonpath():
+    items = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', '').split(os.pathsep)
+    return filter(None, items)
+
+
+def get_site_dirs():
+    """
+    Return a list of 'site' dirs
+    """
+
+    sitedirs = []
+
+    # start with PYTHONPATH
+    sitedirs.extend(_pythonpath())
+
+    prefixes = [sys.prefix]
+    if sys.exec_prefix != sys.prefix:
+        prefixes.append(sys.exec_prefix)
+    for prefix in prefixes:
+        if prefix:
+            if sys.platform in ('os2emx', 'riscos'):
+                sitedirs.append(os.path.join(prefix, "Lib", "site-packages"))
+            elif os.sep == '/':
+                sitedirs.extend([
+                    os.path.join(
+                        prefix,
+                        "local/lib",
+                        "python" + sys.version[:3],
+                        "dist-packages",
+                    ),
+                    os.path.join(
+                        prefix,
+                        "lib",
+                        "python" + sys.version[:3],
+                        "dist-packages",
+                    ),
+                    os.path.join(prefix, "lib", "site-python"),
+                ])
+            else:
+                sitedirs.extend([
+                    prefix,
+                    os.path.join(prefix, "lib", "site-packages"),
+                ])
+            if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+                # for framework builds *only* we add the standard Apple
+                # locations. Currently only per-user, but /Library and
+                # /Network/Library could be added too
+                if 'Python.framework' in prefix:
+                    home = os.environ.get('HOME')
+                    if home:
+                        home_sp = os.path.join(
+                            home,
+                            'Library',
+                            'Python',
+                            sys.version[:3],
+                            'site-packages',
+                        )
+                        sitedirs.append(home_sp)
+    lib_paths = get_path('purelib'), get_path('platlib')
+    for site_lib in lib_paths:
+        if site_lib not in sitedirs:
+            sitedirs.append(site_lib)
+
+    if site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
+        sitedirs.append(site.USER_SITE)
+
+    try:
+        sitedirs.extend(site.getsitepackages())
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+
+    sitedirs = list(map(normalize_path, sitedirs))
+
+    return sitedirs
+
+
+def expand_paths(inputs):
+    """Yield sys.path directories that might contain "old-style" packages"""
+
+    seen = {}
+
+    for dirname in inputs:
+        dirname = normalize_path(dirname)
+        if dirname in seen:
+            continue
+
+        seen[dirname] = 1
+        if not os.path.isdir(dirname):
+            continue
+
+        files = os.listdir(dirname)
+        yield dirname, files
+
+        for name in files:
+            if not name.endswith('.pth'):
+                # We only care about the .pth files
+                continue
+            if name in ('easy-install.pth', 'setuptools.pth'):
+                # Ignore .pth files that we control
+                continue
+
+            # Read the .pth file
+            f = open(os.path.join(dirname, name))
+            lines = list(yield_lines(f))
+            f.close()
+
+            # Yield existing non-dupe, non-import directory lines from it
+            for line in lines:
+                if not line.startswith("import"):
+                    line = normalize_path(line.rstrip())
+                    if line not in seen:
+                        seen[line] = 1
+                        if not os.path.isdir(line):
+                            continue
+                        yield line, os.listdir(line)
+
+
+def extract_wininst_cfg(dist_filename):
+    """Extract configuration data from a bdist_wininst .exe
+
+    Returns a configparser.RawConfigParser, or None
+    """
+    f = open(dist_filename, 'rb')
+    try:
+        endrec = zipfile._EndRecData(f)
+        if endrec is None:
+            return None
+
+        prepended = (endrec[9] - endrec[5]) - endrec[6]
+        if prepended < 12:  # no wininst data here
+            return None
+        f.seek(prepended - 12)
+
+        tag, cfglen, bmlen = struct.unpack("<iii", f.read(12))
+        if tag not in (0x1234567A, 0x1234567B):
+            return None  # not a valid tag
+
+        f.seek(prepended - (12 + cfglen))
+        init = {'version': '', 'target_version': ''}
+        cfg = configparser.RawConfigParser(init)
+        try:
+            part = f.read(cfglen)
+            # Read up to the first null byte.
+            config = part.split(b'\0', 1)[0]
+            # Now the config is in bytes, but for RawConfigParser, it should
+            #  be text, so decode it.
+            config = config.decode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+            cfg.readfp(six.StringIO(config))
+        except configparser.Error:
+            return None
+        if not cfg.has_section('metadata') or not cfg.has_section('Setup'):
+            return None
+        return cfg
+
+    finally:
+        f.close()
+
+
+def get_exe_prefixes(exe_filename):
+    """Get exe->egg path translations for a given .exe file"""
+
+    prefixes = [
+        ('PURELIB/', ''),
+        ('PLATLIB/pywin32_system32', ''),
+        ('PLATLIB/', ''),
+        ('SCRIPTS/', 'EGG-INFO/scripts/'),
+        ('DATA/lib/site-packages', ''),
+    ]
+    z = zipfile.ZipFile(exe_filename)
+    try:
+        for info in z.infolist():
+            name = info.filename
+            parts = name.split('/')
+            if len(parts) == 3 and parts[2] == 'PKG-INFO':
+                if parts[1].endswith('.egg-info'):
+                    prefixes.insert(0, ('/'.join(parts[:2]), 'EGG-INFO/'))
+                    break
+            if len(parts) != 2 or not name.endswith('.pth'):
+                continue
+            if name.endswith('-nspkg.pth'):
+                continue
+            if parts[0].upper() in ('PURELIB', 'PLATLIB'):
+                contents = z.read(name)
+                if six.PY3:
+                    contents = contents.decode()
+                for pth in yield_lines(contents):
+                    pth = pth.strip().replace('\\', '/')
+                    if not pth.startswith('import'):
+                        prefixes.append((('%s/%s/' % (parts[0], pth)), ''))
+    finally:
+        z.close()
+    prefixes = [(x.lower(), y) for x, y in prefixes]
+    prefixes.sort()
+    prefixes.reverse()
+    return prefixes
+
+
+class PthDistributions(Environment):
+    """A .pth file with Distribution paths in it"""
+
+    dirty = False
+
+    def __init__(self, filename, sitedirs=()):
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.sitedirs = list(map(normalize_path, sitedirs))
+        self.basedir = normalize_path(os.path.dirname(self.filename))
+        self._load()
+        Environment.__init__(self, [], None, None)
+        for path in yield_lines(self.paths):
+            list(map(self.add, find_distributions(path, True)))
+
+    def _load(self):
+        self.paths = []
+        saw_import = False
+        seen = dict.fromkeys(self.sitedirs)
+        if os.path.isfile(self.filename):
+            f = open(self.filename, 'rt')
+            for line in f:
+                if line.startswith('import'):
+                    saw_import = True
+                    continue
+                path = line.rstrip()
+                self.paths.append(path)
+                if not path.strip() or path.strip().startswith('#'):
+                    continue
+                # skip non-existent paths, in case somebody deleted a package
+                # manually, and duplicate paths as well
+                path = self.paths[-1] = normalize_path(
+                    os.path.join(self.basedir, path)
+                )
+                if not os.path.exists(path) or path in seen:
+                    self.paths.pop()  # skip it
+                    self.dirty = True  # we cleaned up, so we're dirty now :)
+                    continue
+                seen[path] = 1
+            f.close()
+
+        if self.paths and not saw_import:
+            self.dirty = True  # ensure anything we touch has import wrappers
+        while self.paths and not self.paths[-1].strip():
+            self.paths.pop()
+
+    def save(self):
+        """Write changed .pth file back to disk"""
+        if not self.dirty:
+            return
+
+        rel_paths = list(map(self.make_relative, self.paths))
+        if rel_paths:
+            log.debug("Saving %s", self.filename)
+            lines = self._wrap_lines(rel_paths)
+            data = '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
+
+            if os.path.islink(self.filename):
+                os.unlink(self.filename)
+            with open(self.filename, 'wt') as f:
+                f.write(data)
+
+        elif os.path.exists(self.filename):
+            log.debug("Deleting empty %s", self.filename)
+            os.unlink(self.filename)
+
+        self.dirty = False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _wrap_lines(lines):
+        return lines
+
+    def add(self, dist):
+        """Add `dist` to the distribution map"""
+        new_path = (
+            dist.location not in self.paths and (
+                dist.location not in self.sitedirs or
+                # account for '.' being in PYTHONPATH
+                dist.location == os.getcwd()
+            )
+        )
+        if new_path:
+            self.paths.append(dist.location)
+            self.dirty = True
+        Environment.add(self, dist)
+
+    def remove(self, dist):
+        """Remove `dist` from the distribution map"""
+        while dist.location in self.paths:
+            self.paths.remove(dist.location)
+            self.dirty = True
+        Environment.remove(self, dist)
+
+    def make_relative(self, path):
+        npath, last = os.path.split(normalize_path(path))
+        baselen = len(self.basedir)
+        parts = [last]
+        sep = os.altsep == '/' and '/' or os.sep
+        while len(npath) >= baselen:
+            if npath == self.basedir:
+                parts.append(os.curdir)
+                parts.reverse()
+                return sep.join(parts)
+            npath, last = os.path.split(npath)
+            parts.append(last)
+        else:
+            return path
+
+
+class RewritePthDistributions(PthDistributions):
+    @classmethod
+    def _wrap_lines(cls, lines):
+        yield cls.prelude
+        for line in lines:
+            yield line
+        yield cls.postlude
+
+    prelude = _one_liner("""
+        import sys
+        sys.__plen = len(sys.path)
+        """)
+    postlude = _one_liner("""
+        import sys
+        new = sys.path[sys.__plen:]
+        del sys.path[sys.__plen:]
+        p = getattr(sys, '__egginsert', 0)
+        sys.path[p:p] = new
+        sys.__egginsert = p + len(new)
+        """)
+
+
+if os.environ.get('SETUPTOOLS_SYS_PATH_TECHNIQUE', 'raw') == 'rewrite':
+    PthDistributions = RewritePthDistributions
+
+
+def _first_line_re():
+    """
+    Return a regular expression based on first_line_re suitable for matching
+    strings.
+    """
+    if isinstance(first_line_re.pattern, str):
+        return first_line_re
+
+    # first_line_re in Python >=3.1.4 and >=3.2.1 is a bytes pattern.
+    return re.compile(first_line_re.pattern.decode())
+
+
+def auto_chmod(func, arg, exc):
+    if func in [os.unlink, os.remove] and os.name == 'nt':
+        chmod(arg, stat.S_IWRITE)
+        return func(arg)
+    et, ev, _ = sys.exc_info()
+    six.reraise(et, (ev[0], ev[1] + (" %s %s" % (func, arg))))
+
+
+def update_dist_caches(dist_path, fix_zipimporter_caches):
+    """
+    Fix any globally cached `dist_path` related data
+
+    `dist_path` should be a path of a newly installed egg distribution (zipped
+    or unzipped).
+
+    sys.path_importer_cache contains finder objects that have been cached when
+    importing data from the original distribution. Any such finders need to be
+    cleared since the replacement distribution might be packaged differently,
+    e.g. a zipped egg distribution might get replaced with an unzipped egg
+    folder or vice versa. Having the old finders cached may then cause Python
+    to attempt loading modules from the replacement distribution using an
+    incorrect loader.
+
+    zipimport.zipimporter objects are Python loaders charged with importing
+    data packaged inside zip archives. If stale loaders referencing the
+    original distribution, are left behind, they can fail to load modules from
+    the replacement distribution. E.g. if an old zipimport.zipimporter instance
+    is used to load data from a new zipped egg archive, it may cause the
+    operation to attempt to locate the requested data in the wrong location -
+    one indicated by the original distribution's zip archive directory
+    information. Such an operation may then fail outright, e.g. report having
+    read a 'bad local file header', or even worse, it may fail silently &
+    return invalid data.
+
+    zipimport._zip_directory_cache contains cached zip archive directory
+    information for all existing zipimport.zipimporter instances and all such
+    instances connected to the same archive share the same cached directory
+    information.
+
+    If asked, and the underlying Python implementation allows it, we can fix
+    all existing zipimport.zipimporter instances instead of having to track
+    them down and remove them one by one, by updating their shared cached zip
+    archive directory information. This, of course, assumes that the
+    replacement distribution is packaged as a zipped egg.
+
+    If not asked to fix existing zipimport.zipimporter instances, we still do
+    our best to clear any remaining zipimport.zipimporter related cached data
+    that might somehow later get used when attempting to load data from the new
+    distribution and thus cause such load operations to fail. Note that when
+    tracking down such remaining stale data, we can not catch every conceivable
+    usage from here, and we clear only those that we know of and have found to
+    cause problems if left alive. Any remaining caches should be updated by
+    whomever is in charge of maintaining them, i.e. they should be ready to
+    handle us replacing their zip archives with new distributions at runtime.
+
+    """
+    # There are several other known sources of stale zipimport.zipimporter
+    # instances that we do not clear here, but might if ever given a reason to
+    # do so:
+    # * Global setuptools pkg_resources.working_set (a.k.a. 'master working
+    # set') may contain distributions which may in turn contain their
+    #   zipimport.zipimporter loaders.
+    # * Several zipimport.zipimporter loaders held by local variables further
+    #   up the function call stack when running the setuptools installation.
+    # * Already loaded modules may have their __loader__ attribute set to the
+    #   exact loader instance used when importing them. Python 3.4 docs state
+    #   that this information is intended mostly for introspection and so is
+    #   not expected to cause us problems.
+    normalized_path = normalize_path(dist_path)
+    _uncache(normalized_path, sys.path_importer_cache)
+    if fix_zipimporter_caches:
+        _replace_zip_directory_cache_data(normalized_path)
+    else:
+        # Here, even though we do not want to fix existing and now stale
+        # zipimporter cache information, we still want to remove it. Related to
+        # Python's zip archive directory information cache, we clear each of
+        # its stale entries in two phases:
+        #   1. Clear the entry so attempting to access zip archive information
+        #      via any existing stale zipimport.zipimporter instances fails.
+        #   2. Remove the entry from the cache so any newly constructed
+        #      zipimport.zipimporter instances do not end up using old stale
+        #      zip archive directory information.
+        # This whole stale data removal step does not seem strictly necessary,
+        # but has been left in because it was done before we started replacing
+        # the zip archive directory information cache content if possible, and
+        # there are no relevant unit tests that we can depend on to tell us if
+        # this is really needed.
+        _remove_and_clear_zip_directory_cache_data(normalized_path)
+
+
+def _collect_zipimporter_cache_entries(normalized_path, cache):
+    """
+    Return zipimporter cache entry keys related to a given normalized path.
+
+    Alternative path spellings (e.g. those using different character case or
+    those using alternative path separators) related to the same path are
+    included. Any sub-path entries are included as well, i.e. those
+    corresponding to zip archives embedded in other zip archives.
+
+    """
+    result = []
+    prefix_len = len(normalized_path)
+    for p in cache:
+        np = normalize_path(p)
+        if (np.startswith(normalized_path) and
+                np[prefix_len:prefix_len + 1] in (os.sep, '')):
+            result.append(p)
+    return result
+
+
+def _update_zipimporter_cache(normalized_path, cache, updater=None):
+    """
+    Update zipimporter cache data for a given normalized path.
+
+    Any sub-path entries are processed as well, i.e. those corresponding to zip
+    archives embedded in other zip archives.
+
+    Given updater is a callable taking a cache entry key and the original entry
+    (after already removing the entry from the cache), and expected to update
+    the entry and possibly return a new one to be inserted in its place.
+    Returning None indicates that the entry should not be replaced with a new
+    one. If no updater is given, the cache entries are simply removed without
+    any additional processing, the same as if the updater simply returned None.
+
+    """
+    for p in _collect_zipimporter_cache_entries(normalized_path, cache):
+        # N.B. pypy's custom zipimport._zip_directory_cache implementation does
+        # not support the complete dict interface:
+        # * Does not support item assignment, thus not allowing this function
+        #    to be used only for removing existing cache entries.
+        #  * Does not support the dict.pop() method, forcing us to use the
+        #    get/del patterns instead. For more detailed information see the
+        #    following links:
+        #      https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/202#issuecomment-202913420
+        #      http://bit.ly/2h9itJX
+        old_entry = cache[p]
+        del cache[p]
+        new_entry = updater and updater(p, old_entry)
+        if new_entry is not None:
+            cache[p] = new_entry
+
+
+def _uncache(normalized_path, cache):
+    _update_zipimporter_cache(normalized_path, cache)
+
+
+def _remove_and_clear_zip_directory_cache_data(normalized_path):
+    def clear_and_remove_cached_zip_archive_directory_data(path, old_entry):
+        old_entry.clear()
+
+    _update_zipimporter_cache(
+        normalized_path, zipimport._zip_directory_cache,
+        updater=clear_and_remove_cached_zip_archive_directory_data)
+
+
+# PyPy Python implementation does not allow directly writing to the
+# zipimport._zip_directory_cache and so prevents us from attempting to correct
+# its content. The best we can do there is clear the problematic cache content
+# and have PyPy repopulate it as needed. The downside is that if there are any
+# stale zipimport.zipimporter instances laying around, attempting to use them
+# will fail due to not having its zip archive directory information available
+# instead of being automatically corrected to use the new correct zip archive
+# directory information.
+if '__pypy__' in sys.builtin_module_names:
+    _replace_zip_directory_cache_data = \
+        _remove_and_clear_zip_directory_cache_data
+else:
+
+    def _replace_zip_directory_cache_data(normalized_path):
+        def replace_cached_zip_archive_directory_data(path, old_entry):
+            # N.B. In theory, we could load the zip directory information just
+            # once for all updated path spellings, and then copy it locally and
+            # update its contained path strings to contain the correct
+            # spelling, but that seems like a way too invasive move (this cache
+            # structure is not officially documented anywhere and could in
+            # theory change with new Python releases) for no significant
+            # benefit.
+            old_entry.clear()
+            zipimport.zipimporter(path)
+            old_entry.update(zipimport._zip_directory_cache[path])
+            return old_entry
+
+        _update_zipimporter_cache(
+            normalized_path, zipimport._zip_directory_cache,
+            updater=replace_cached_zip_archive_directory_data)
+
+
+def is_python(text, filename='<string>'):
+    "Is this string a valid Python script?"
+    try:
+        compile(text, filename, 'exec')
+    except (SyntaxError, TypeError):
+        return False
+    else:
+        return True
+
+
+def is_sh(executable):
+    """Determine if the specified executable is a .sh (contains a #! line)"""
+    try:
+        with io.open(executable, encoding='latin-1') as fp:
+            magic = fp.read(2)
+    except (OSError, IOError):
+        return executable
+    return magic == '#!'
+
+
+def nt_quote_arg(arg):
+    """Quote a command line argument according to Windows parsing rules"""
+    return subprocess.list2cmdline([arg])
+
+
+def is_python_script(script_text, filename):
+    """Is this text, as a whole, a Python script? (as opposed to shell/bat/etc.
+    """
+    if filename.endswith('.py') or filename.endswith('.pyw'):
+        return True  # extension says it's Python
+    if is_python(script_text, filename):
+        return True  # it's syntactically valid Python
+    if script_text.startswith('#!'):
+        # It begins with a '#!' line, so check if 'python' is in it somewhere
+        return 'python' in script_text.splitlines()[0].lower()
+
+    return False  # Not any Python I can recognize
+
+
+try:
+    from os import chmod as _chmod
+except ImportError:
+    # Jython compatibility
+    def _chmod(*args):
+        pass
+
+
+def chmod(path, mode):
+    log.debug("changing mode of %s to %o", path, mode)
+    try:
+        _chmod(path, mode)
+    except os.error as e:
+        log.debug("chmod failed: %s", e)
+
+
+class CommandSpec(list):
+    """
+    A command spec for a #! header, specified as a list of arguments akin to
+    those passed to Popen.
+    """
+
+    options = []
+    split_args = dict()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def best(cls):
+        """
+        Choose the best CommandSpec class based on environmental conditions.
+        """
+        return cls
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _sys_executable(cls):
+        _default = os.path.normpath(sys.executable)
+        return os.environ.get('__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__', _default)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_param(cls, param):
+        """
+        Construct a CommandSpec from a parameter to build_scripts, which may
+        be None.
+        """
+        if isinstance(param, cls):
+            return param
+        if isinstance(param, list):
+            return cls(param)
+        if param is None:
+            return cls.from_environment()
+        # otherwise, assume it's a string.
+        return cls.from_string(param)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_environment(cls):
+        return cls([cls._sys_executable()])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_string(cls, string):
+        """
+        Construct a command spec from a simple string representing a command
+        line parseable by shlex.split.
+        """
+        items = shlex.split(string, **cls.split_args)
+        return cls(items)
+
+    def install_options(self, script_text):
+        self.options = shlex.split(self._extract_options(script_text))
+        cmdline = subprocess.list2cmdline(self)
+        if not isascii(cmdline):
+            self.options[:0] = ['-x']
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _extract_options(orig_script):
+        """
+        Extract any options from the first line of the script.
+        """
+        first = (orig_script + '\n').splitlines()[0]
+        match = _first_line_re().match(first)
+        options = match.group(1) or '' if match else ''
+        return options.strip()
+
+    def as_header(self):
+        return self._render(self + list(self.options))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _strip_quotes(item):
+        _QUOTES = '"\''
+        for q in _QUOTES:
+            if item.startswith(q) and item.endswith(q):
+                return item[1:-1]
+        return item
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _render(items):
+        cmdline = subprocess.list2cmdline(
+            CommandSpec._strip_quotes(item.strip()) for item in items)
+        return '#!' + cmdline + '\n'
+
+
+# For pbr compat; will be removed in a future version.
+sys_executable = CommandSpec._sys_executable()
+
+
+class WindowsCommandSpec(CommandSpec):
+    split_args = dict(posix=False)
+
+
+class ScriptWriter:
+    """
+    Encapsulates behavior around writing entry point scripts for console and
+    gui apps.
+    """
+
+    template = textwrap.dedent(r"""
+        # EASY-INSTALL-ENTRY-SCRIPT: %(spec)r,%(group)r,%(name)r
+        __requires__ = %(spec)r
+        import re
+        import sys
+        from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
+
+        if __name__ == '__main__':
+            sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
+            sys.exit(
+                load_entry_point(%(spec)r, %(group)r, %(name)r)()
+            )
+    """).lstrip()
+
+    command_spec_class = CommandSpec
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_script_args(cls, dist, executable=None, wininst=False):
+        # for backward compatibility
+        warnings.warn("Use get_args", EasyInstallDeprecationWarning)
+        writer = (WindowsScriptWriter if wininst else ScriptWriter).best()
+        header = cls.get_script_header("", executable, wininst)
+        return writer.get_args(dist, header)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_script_header(cls, script_text, executable=None, wininst=False):
+        # for backward compatibility
+        warnings.warn("Use get_header", EasyInstallDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        if wininst:
+            executable = "python.exe"
+        return cls.get_header(script_text, executable)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_args(cls, dist, header=None):
+        """
+        Yield write_script() argument tuples for a distribution's
+        console_scripts and gui_scripts entry points.
+        """
+        if header is None:
+            header = cls.get_header()
+        spec = str(dist.as_requirement())
+        for type_ in 'console', 'gui':
+            group = type_ + '_scripts'
+            for name, ep in dist.get_entry_map(group).items():
+                cls._ensure_safe_name(name)
+                script_text = cls.template % locals()
+                args = cls._get_script_args(type_, name, header, script_text)
+                for res in args:
+                    yield res
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _ensure_safe_name(name):
+        """
+        Prevent paths in *_scripts entry point names.
+        """
+        has_path_sep = re.search(r'[\\/]', name)
+        if has_path_sep:
+            raise ValueError("Path separators not allowed in script names")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_writer(cls, force_windows):
+        # for backward compatibility
+        warnings.warn("Use best", EasyInstallDeprecationWarning)
+        return WindowsScriptWriter.best() if force_windows else cls.best()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def best(cls):
+        """
+        Select the best ScriptWriter for this environment.
+        """
+        if sys.platform == 'win32' or (os.name == 'java' and os._name == 'nt'):
+            return WindowsScriptWriter.best()
+        else:
+            return cls
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_script_args(cls, type_, name, header, script_text):
+        # Simply write the stub with no extension.
+        yield (name, header + script_text)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_header(cls, script_text="", executable=None):
+        """Create a #! line, getting options (if any) from script_text"""
+        cmd = cls.command_spec_class.best().from_param(executable)
+        cmd.install_options(script_text)
+        return cmd.as_header()
+
+
+class WindowsScriptWriter(ScriptWriter):
+    command_spec_class = WindowsCommandSpec
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_writer(cls):
+        # for backward compatibility
+        warnings.warn("Use best", EasyInstallDeprecationWarning)
+        return cls.best()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def best(cls):
+        """
+        Select the best ScriptWriter suitable for Windows
+        """
+        writer_lookup = dict(
+            executable=WindowsExecutableLauncherWriter,
+            natural=cls,
+        )
+        # for compatibility, use the executable launcher by default
+        launcher = os.environ.get('SETUPTOOLS_LAUNCHER', 'executable')
+        return writer_lookup[launcher]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_script_args(cls, type_, name, header, script_text):
+        "For Windows, add a .py extension"
+        ext = dict(console='.pya', gui='.pyw')[type_]
+        if ext not in os.environ['PATHEXT'].lower().split(';'):
+            msg = (
+                "{ext} not listed in PATHEXT; scripts will not be "
+                "recognized as executables."
+            ).format(**locals())
+            warnings.warn(msg, UserWarning)
+        old = ['.pya', '.py', '-script.py', '.pyc', '.pyo', '.pyw', '.exe']
+        old.remove(ext)
+        header = cls._adjust_header(type_, header)
+        blockers = [name + x for x in old]
+        yield name + ext, header + script_text, 't', blockers
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _adjust_header(cls, type_, orig_header):
+        """
+        Make sure 'pythonw' is used for gui and and 'python' is used for
+        console (regardless of what sys.executable is).
+        """
+        pattern = 'pythonw.exe'
+        repl = 'python.exe'
+        if type_ == 'gui':
+            pattern, repl = repl, pattern
+        pattern_ob = re.compile(re.escape(pattern), re.IGNORECASE)
+        new_header = pattern_ob.sub(string=orig_header, repl=repl)
+        return new_header if cls._use_header(new_header) else orig_header
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _use_header(new_header):
+        """
+        Should _adjust_header use the replaced header?
+
+        On non-windows systems, always use. On
+        Windows systems, only use the replaced header if it resolves
+        to an executable on the system.
+        """
+        clean_header = new_header[2:-1].strip('"')
+        return sys.platform != 'win32' or find_executable(clean_header)
+
+
+class WindowsExecutableLauncherWriter(WindowsScriptWriter):
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_script_args(cls, type_, name, header, script_text):
+        """
+        For Windows, add a .py extension and an .exe launcher
+        """
+        if type_ == 'gui':
+            launcher_type = 'gui'
+            ext = '-script.pyw'
+            old = ['.pyw']
+        else:
+            launcher_type = 'cli'
+            ext = '-script.py'
+            old = ['.py', '.pyc', '.pyo']
+        hdr = cls._adjust_header(type_, header)
+        blockers = [name + x for x in old]
+        yield (name + ext, hdr + script_text, 't', blockers)
+        yield (
+            name + '.exe', get_win_launcher(launcher_type),
+            'b'  # write in binary mode
+        )
+        if not is_64bit():
+            # install a manifest for the launcher to prevent Windows
+            # from detecting it as an installer (which it will for
+            #  launchers like easy_install.exe). Consider only
+            #  adding a manifest for launchers detected as installers.
+            #  See Distribute #143 for details.
+            m_name = name + '.exe.manifest'
+            yield (m_name, load_launcher_manifest(name), 't')
+
+
+# for backward-compatibility
+get_script_args = ScriptWriter.get_script_args
+get_script_header = ScriptWriter.get_script_header
+
+
+def get_win_launcher(type):
+    """
+    Load the Windows launcher (executable) suitable for launching a script.
+
+    `type` should be either 'cli' or 'gui'
+
+    Returns the executable as a byte string.
+    """
+    launcher_fn = '%s.exe' % type
+    if is_64bit():
+        launcher_fn = launcher_fn.replace(".", "-64.")
+    else:
+        launcher_fn = launcher_fn.replace(".", "-32.")
+    return resource_string('setuptools', launcher_fn)
+
+
+def load_launcher_manifest(name):
+    manifest = pkg_resources.resource_string(__name__, 'launcher manifest.xml')
+    if six.PY2:
+        return manifest % vars()
+    else:
+        return manifest.decode('utf-8') % vars()
+
+
+def rmtree(path, ignore_errors=False, onerror=auto_chmod):
+    return shutil.rmtree(path, ignore_errors, onerror)
+
+
+def current_umask():
+    tmp = os.umask(0o022)
+    os.umask(tmp)
+    return tmp
+
+
+def bootstrap():
+    # This function is called when setuptools*.egg is run using /bin/sh
+    import setuptools
+
+    argv0 = os.path.dirname(setuptools.__path__[0])
+    sys.argv[0] = argv0
+    sys.argv.append(argv0)
+    main()
+
+
+def main(argv=None, **kw):
+    from setuptools import setup
+    from setuptools.dist import Distribution
+
+    class DistributionWithoutHelpCommands(Distribution):
+        common_usage = ""
+
+        def _show_help(self, *args, **kw):
+            with _patch_usage():
+                Distribution._show_help(self, *args, **kw)
+
+    if argv is None:
+        argv = sys.argv[1:]
+
+    with _patch_usage():
+        setup(
+            script_args=['-q', 'easy_install', '-v'] + argv,
+            script_name=sys.argv[0] or 'easy_install',
+            distclass=DistributionWithoutHelpCommands,
+            **kw
+        )
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def _patch_usage():
+    import distutils.core
+    USAGE = textwrap.dedent("""
+        usage: %(script)s [options] requirement_or_url ...
+           or: %(script)s --help
+        """).lstrip()
+
+    def gen_usage(script_name):
+        return USAGE % dict(
+            script=os.path.basename(script_name),
+        )
+
+    saved = distutils.core.gen_usage
+    distutils.core.gen_usage = gen_usage
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        distutils.core.gen_usage = saved
+
+class EasyInstallDeprecationWarning(SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning):
+    """Class for warning about deprecations in EasyInstall in SetupTools. Not ignored by default, unlike DeprecationWarning."""
+    
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b767ef3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/egg_info.py
@@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
+"""setuptools.command.egg_info
+
+Create a distribution's .egg-info directory and contents"""
+
+from distutils.filelist import FileList as _FileList
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsInternalError
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils import log
+import distutils.errors
+import distutils.filelist
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import io
+import warnings
+import time
+import collections
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import map
+
+from setuptools import Command
+from setuptools.command.sdist import sdist
+from setuptools.command.sdist import walk_revctrl
+from setuptools.command.setopt import edit_config
+from setuptools.command import bdist_egg
+from pkg_resources import (
+    parse_requirements, safe_name, parse_version,
+    safe_version, yield_lines, EntryPoint, iter_entry_points, to_filename)
+import setuptools.unicode_utils as unicode_utils
+from setuptools.glob import glob
+
+from setuptools.extern import packaging
+from setuptools import SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+
+def translate_pattern(glob):
+    """
+    Translate a file path glob like '*.txt' in to a regular expression.
+    This differs from fnmatch.translate which allows wildcards to match
+    directory separators. It also knows about '**/' which matches any number of
+    directories.
+    """
+    pat = ''
+
+    # This will split on '/' within [character classes]. This is deliberate.
+    chunks = glob.split(os.path.sep)
+
+    sep = re.escape(os.sep)
+    valid_char = '[^%s]' % (sep,)
+
+    for c, chunk in enumerate(chunks):
+        last_chunk = c == len(chunks) - 1
+
+        # Chunks that are a literal ** are globstars. They match anything.
+        if chunk == '**':
+            if last_chunk:
+                # Match anything if this is the last component
+                pat += '.*'
+            else:
+                # Match '(name/)*'
+                pat += '(?:%s+%s)*' % (valid_char, sep)
+            continue  # Break here as the whole path component has been handled
+
+        # Find any special characters in the remainder
+        i = 0
+        chunk_len = len(chunk)
+        while i < chunk_len:
+            char = chunk[i]
+            if char == '*':
+                # Match any number of name characters
+                pat += valid_char + '*'
+            elif char == '?':
+                # Match a name character
+                pat += valid_char
+            elif char == '[':
+                # Character class
+                inner_i = i + 1
+                # Skip initial !/] chars
+                if inner_i < chunk_len and chunk[inner_i] == '!':
+                    inner_i = inner_i + 1
+                if inner_i < chunk_len and chunk[inner_i] == ']':
+                    inner_i = inner_i + 1
+
+                # Loop till the closing ] is found
+                while inner_i < chunk_len and chunk[inner_i] != ']':
+                    inner_i = inner_i + 1
+
+                if inner_i >= chunk_len:
+                    # Got to the end of the string without finding a closing ]
+                    # Do not treat this as a matching group, but as a literal [
+                    pat += re.escape(char)
+                else:
+                    # Grab the insides of the [brackets]
+                    inner = chunk[i + 1:inner_i]
+                    char_class = ''
+
+                    # Class negation
+                    if inner[0] == '!':
+                        char_class = '^'
+                        inner = inner[1:]
+
+                    char_class += re.escape(inner)
+                    pat += '[%s]' % (char_class,)
+
+                    # Skip to the end ]
+                    i = inner_i
+            else:
+                pat += re.escape(char)
+            i += 1
+
+        # Join each chunk with the dir separator
+        if not last_chunk:
+            pat += sep
+
+    pat += r'\Z'
+    return re.compile(pat, flags=re.MULTILINE|re.DOTALL)
+
+
+class InfoCommon:
+    tag_build = None
+    tag_date = None
+
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        return safe_name(self.distribution.get_name())
+
+    def tagged_version(self):
+        version = self.distribution.get_version()
+        # egg_info may be called more than once for a distribution,
+        # in which case the version string already contains all tags.
+        if self.vtags and version.endswith(self.vtags):
+            return safe_version(version)
+        return safe_version(version + self.vtags)
+
+    def tags(self):
+        version = ''
+        if self.tag_build:
+            version += self.tag_build
+        if self.tag_date:
+            version += time.strftime("-%Y%m%d")
+        return version
+    vtags = property(tags)
+
+
+class egg_info(InfoCommon, Command):
+    description = "create a distribution's .egg-info directory"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('egg-base=', 'e', "directory containing .egg-info directories"
+                           " (default: top of the source tree)"),
+        ('tag-date', 'd', "Add date stamp (e.g. 20050528) to version number"),
+        ('tag-build=', 'b', "Specify explicit tag to add to version number"),
+        ('no-date', 'D', "Don't include date stamp [default]"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = ['tag-date']
+    negative_opt = {
+        'no-date': 'tag-date',
+    }
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.egg_base = None
+        self.egg_name = None
+        self.egg_info = None
+        self.egg_version = None
+        self.broken_egg_info = False
+
+    ####################################
+    # allow the 'tag_svn_revision' to be detected and
+    # set, supporting sdists built on older Setuptools.
+    @property
+    def tag_svn_revision(self):
+        pass
+
+    @tag_svn_revision.setter
+    def tag_svn_revision(self, value):
+        pass
+    ####################################
+
+    def save_version_info(self, filename):
+        """
+        Materialize the value of date into the
+        build tag. Install build keys in a deterministic order
+        to avoid arbitrary reordering on subsequent builds.
+        """
+        egg_info = collections.OrderedDict()
+        # follow the order these keys would have been added
+        # when PYTHONHASHSEED=0
+        egg_info['tag_build'] = self.tags()
+        egg_info['tag_date'] = 0
+        edit_config(filename, dict(egg_info=egg_info))
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        # Note: we need to capture the current value returned
+        # by `self.tagged_version()`, so we can later update
+        # `self.distribution.metadata.version` without
+        # repercussions.
+        self.egg_name = self.name
+        self.egg_version = self.tagged_version()
+        parsed_version = parse_version(self.egg_version)
+
+        try:
+            is_version = isinstance(parsed_version, packaging.version.Version)
+            spec = (
+                "%s==%s" if is_version else "%s===%s"
+            )
+            list(
+                parse_requirements(spec % (self.egg_name, self.egg_version))
+            )
+        except ValueError:
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Invalid distribution name or version syntax: %s-%s" %
+                (self.egg_name, self.egg_version)
+            )
+
+        if self.egg_base is None:
+            dirs = self.distribution.package_dir
+            self.egg_base = (dirs or {}).get('', os.curdir)
+
+        self.ensure_dirname('egg_base')
+        self.egg_info = to_filename(self.egg_name) + '.egg-info'
+        if self.egg_base != os.curdir:
+            self.egg_info = os.path.join(self.egg_base, self.egg_info)
+        if '-' in self.egg_name:
+            self.check_broken_egg_info()
+
+        # Set package version for the benefit of dumber commands
+        # (e.g. sdist, bdist_wininst, etc.)
+        #
+        self.distribution.metadata.version = self.egg_version
+
+        # If we bootstrapped around the lack of a PKG-INFO, as might be the
+        # case in a fresh checkout, make sure that any special tags get added
+        # to the version info
+        #
+        pd = self.distribution._patched_dist
+        if pd is not None and pd.key == self.egg_name.lower():
+            pd._version = self.egg_version
+            pd._parsed_version = parse_version(self.egg_version)
+            self.distribution._patched_dist = None
+
+    def write_or_delete_file(self, what, filename, data, force=False):
+        """Write `data` to `filename` or delete if empty
+
+        If `data` is non-empty, this routine is the same as ``write_file()``.
+        If `data` is empty but not ``None``, this is the same as calling
+        ``delete_file(filename)`.  If `data` is ``None``, then this is a no-op
+        unless `filename` exists, in which case a warning is issued about the
+        orphaned file (if `force` is false), or deleted (if `force` is true).
+        """
+        if data:
+            self.write_file(what, filename, data)
+        elif os.path.exists(filename):
+            if data is None and not force:
+                log.warn(
+                    "%s not set in setup(), but %s exists", what, filename
+                )
+                return
+            else:
+                self.delete_file(filename)
+
+    def write_file(self, what, filename, data):
+        """Write `data` to `filename` (if not a dry run) after announcing it
+
+        `what` is used in a log message to identify what is being written
+        to the file.
+        """
+        log.info("writing %s to %s", what, filename)
+        if six.PY3:
+            data = data.encode("utf-8")
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            f = open(filename, 'wb')
+            f.write(data)
+            f.close()
+
+    def delete_file(self, filename):
+        """Delete `filename` (if not a dry run) after announcing it"""
+        log.info("deleting %s", filename)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            os.unlink(filename)
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.mkpath(self.egg_info)
+        os.utime(self.egg_info, None)
+        installer = self.distribution.fetch_build_egg
+        for ep in iter_entry_points('egg_info.writers'):
+            ep.require(installer=installer)
+            writer = ep.resolve()
+            writer(self, ep.name, os.path.join(self.egg_info, ep.name))
+
+        # Get rid of native_libs.txt if it was put there by older bdist_egg
+        nl = os.path.join(self.egg_info, "native_libs.txt")
+        if os.path.exists(nl):
+            self.delete_file(nl)
+
+        self.find_sources()
+
+    def find_sources(self):
+        """Generate SOURCES.txt manifest file"""
+        manifest_filename = os.path.join(self.egg_info, "SOURCES.txt")
+        mm = manifest_maker(self.distribution)
+        mm.manifest = manifest_filename
+        mm.run()
+        self.filelist = mm.filelist
+
+    def check_broken_egg_info(self):
+        bei = self.egg_name + '.egg-info'
+        if self.egg_base != os.curdir:
+            bei = os.path.join(self.egg_base, bei)
+        if os.path.exists(bei):
+            log.warn(
+                "-" * 78 + '\n'
+                "Note: Your current .egg-info directory has a '-' in its name;"
+                '\nthis will not work correctly with "setup.py develop".\n\n'
+                'Please rename %s to %s to correct this problem.\n' + '-' * 78,
+                bei, self.egg_info
+            )
+            self.broken_egg_info = self.egg_info
+            self.egg_info = bei  # make it work for now
+
+
+class FileList(_FileList):
+    # Implementations of the various MANIFEST.in commands
+
+    def process_template_line(self, line):
+        # Parse the line: split it up, make sure the right number of words
+        # is there, and return the relevant words.  'action' is always
+        # defined: it's the first word of the line.  Which of the other
+        # three are defined depends on the action; it'll be either
+        # patterns, (dir and patterns), or (dir_pattern).
+        (action, patterns, dir, dir_pattern) = self._parse_template_line(line)
+
+        # OK, now we know that the action is valid and we have the
+        # right number of words on the line for that action -- so we
+        # can proceed with minimal error-checking.
+        if action == 'include':
+            self.debug_print("include " + ' '.join(patterns))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.include(pattern):
+                    log.warn("warning: no files found matching '%s'", pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'exclude':
+            self.debug_print("exclude " + ' '.join(patterns))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.exclude(pattern):
+                    log.warn(("warning: no previously-included files "
+                              "found matching '%s'"), pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'global-include':
+            self.debug_print("global-include " + ' '.join(patterns))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.global_include(pattern):
+                    log.warn(("warning: no files found matching '%s' "
+                              "anywhere in distribution"), pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'global-exclude':
+            self.debug_print("global-exclude " + ' '.join(patterns))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.global_exclude(pattern):
+                    log.warn(("warning: no previously-included files matching "
+                              "'%s' found anywhere in distribution"),
+                             pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'recursive-include':
+            self.debug_print("recursive-include %s %s" %
+                             (dir, ' '.join(patterns)))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.recursive_include(dir, pattern):
+                    log.warn(("warning: no files found matching '%s' "
+                              "under directory '%s'"),
+                             pattern, dir)
+
+        elif action == 'recursive-exclude':
+            self.debug_print("recursive-exclude %s %s" %
+                             (dir, ' '.join(patterns)))
+            for pattern in patterns:
+                if not self.recursive_exclude(dir, pattern):
+                    log.warn(("warning: no previously-included files matching "
+                              "'%s' found under directory '%s'"),
+                             pattern, dir)
+
+        elif action == 'graft':
+            self.debug_print("graft " + dir_pattern)
+            if not self.graft(dir_pattern):
+                log.warn("warning: no directories found matching '%s'",
+                         dir_pattern)
+
+        elif action == 'prune':
+            self.debug_print("prune " + dir_pattern)
+            if not self.prune(dir_pattern):
+                log.warn(("no previously-included directories found "
+                          "matching '%s'"), dir_pattern)
+
+        else:
+            raise DistutilsInternalError(
+                "this cannot happen: invalid action '%s'" % action)
+
+    def _remove_files(self, predicate):
+        """
+        Remove all files from the file list that match the predicate.
+        Return True if any matching files were removed
+        """
+        found = False
+        for i in range(len(self.files) - 1, -1, -1):
+            if predicate(self.files[i]):
+                self.debug_print(" removing " + self.files[i])
+                del self.files[i]
+                found = True
+        return found
+
+    def include(self, pattern):
+        """Include files that match 'pattern'."""
+        found = [f for f in glob(pattern) if not os.path.isdir(f)]
+        self.extend(found)
+        return bool(found)
+
+    def exclude(self, pattern):
+        """Exclude files that match 'pattern'."""
+        match = translate_pattern(pattern)
+        return self._remove_files(match.match)
+
+    def recursive_include(self, dir, pattern):
+        """
+        Include all files anywhere in 'dir/' that match the pattern.
+        """
+        full_pattern = os.path.join(dir, '**', pattern)
+        found = [f for f in glob(full_pattern, recursive=True)
+                 if not os.path.isdir(f)]
+        self.extend(found)
+        return bool(found)
+
+    def recursive_exclude(self, dir, pattern):
+        """
+        Exclude any file anywhere in 'dir/' that match the pattern.
+        """
+        match = translate_pattern(os.path.join(dir, '**', pattern))
+        return self._remove_files(match.match)
+
+    def graft(self, dir):
+        """Include all files from 'dir/'."""
+        found = [
+            item
+            for match_dir in glob(dir)
+            for item in distutils.filelist.findall(match_dir)
+        ]
+        self.extend(found)
+        return bool(found)
+
+    def prune(self, dir):
+        """Filter out files from 'dir/'."""
+        match = translate_pattern(os.path.join(dir, '**'))
+        return self._remove_files(match.match)
+
+    def global_include(self, pattern):
+        """
+        Include all files anywhere in the current directory that match the
+        pattern. This is very inefficient on large file trees.
+        """
+        if self.allfiles is None:
+            self.findall()
+        match = translate_pattern(os.path.join('**', pattern))
+        found = [f for f in self.allfiles if match.match(f)]
+        self.extend(found)
+        return bool(found)
+
+    def global_exclude(self, pattern):
+        """
+        Exclude all files anywhere that match the pattern.
+        """
+        match = translate_pattern(os.path.join('**', pattern))
+        return self._remove_files(match.match)
+
+    def append(self, item):
+        if item.endswith('\r'):  # Fix older sdists built on Windows
+            item = item[:-1]
+        path = convert_path(item)
+
+        if self._safe_path(path):
+            self.files.append(path)
+
+    def extend(self, paths):
+        self.files.extend(filter(self._safe_path, paths))
+
+    def _repair(self):
+        """
+        Replace self.files with only safe paths
+
+        Because some owners of FileList manipulate the underlying
+        ``files`` attribute directly, this method must be called to
+        repair those paths.
+        """
+        self.files = list(filter(self._safe_path, self.files))
+
+    def _safe_path(self, path):
+        enc_warn = "'%s' not %s encodable -- skipping"
+
+        # To avoid accidental trans-codings errors, first to unicode
+        u_path = unicode_utils.filesys_decode(path)
+        if u_path is None:
+            log.warn("'%s' in unexpected encoding -- skipping" % path)
+            return False
+
+        # Must ensure utf-8 encodability
+        utf8_path = unicode_utils.try_encode(u_path, "utf-8")
+        if utf8_path is None:
+            log.warn(enc_warn, path, 'utf-8')
+            return False
+
+        try:
+            # accept is either way checks out
+            if os.path.exists(u_path) or os.path.exists(utf8_path):
+                return True
+        # this will catch any encode errors decoding u_path
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            log.warn(enc_warn, path, sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+
+
+class manifest_maker(sdist):
+    template = "MANIFEST.in"
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.use_defaults = 1
+        self.prune = 1
+        self.manifest_only = 1
+        self.force_manifest = 1
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        pass
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.filelist = FileList()
+        if not os.path.exists(self.manifest):
+            self.write_manifest()  # it must exist so it'll get in the list
+        self.add_defaults()
+        if os.path.exists(self.template):
+            self.read_template()
+        self.prune_file_list()
+        self.filelist.sort()
+        self.filelist.remove_duplicates()
+        self.write_manifest()
+
+    def _manifest_normalize(self, path):
+        path = unicode_utils.filesys_decode(path)
+        return path.replace(os.sep, '/')
+
+    def write_manifest(self):
+        """
+        Write the file list in 'self.filelist' to the manifest file
+        named by 'self.manifest'.
+        """
+        self.filelist._repair()
+
+        # Now _repairs should encodability, but not unicode
+        files = [self._manifest_normalize(f) for f in self.filelist.files]
+        msg = "writing manifest file '%s'" % self.manifest
+        self.execute(write_file, (self.manifest, files), msg)
+
+    def warn(self, msg):
+        if not self._should_suppress_warning(msg):
+            sdist.warn(self, msg)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _should_suppress_warning(msg):
+        """
+        suppress missing-file warnings from sdist
+        """
+        return re.match(r"standard file .*not found", msg)
+
+    def add_defaults(self):
+        sdist.add_defaults(self)
+        self.check_license()
+        self.filelist.append(self.template)
+        self.filelist.append(self.manifest)
+        rcfiles = list(walk_revctrl())
+        if rcfiles:
+            self.filelist.extend(rcfiles)
+        elif os.path.exists(self.manifest):
+            self.read_manifest()
+
+        if os.path.exists("setup.py"):
+            # setup.py should be included by default, even if it's not
+            # the script called to create the sdist
+            self.filelist.append("setup.py")
+
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('egg_info')
+        self.filelist.graft(ei_cmd.egg_info)
+
+    def prune_file_list(self):
+        build = self.get_finalized_command('build')
+        base_dir = self.distribution.get_fullname()
+        self.filelist.prune(build.build_base)
+        self.filelist.prune(base_dir)
+        sep = re.escape(os.sep)
+        self.filelist.exclude_pattern(r'(^|' + sep + r')(RCS|CVS|\.svn)' + sep,
+                                      is_regex=1)
+
+
+def write_file(filename, contents):
+    """Create a file with the specified name and write 'contents' (a
+    sequence of strings without line terminators) to it.
+    """
+    contents = "\n".join(contents)
+
+    # assuming the contents has been vetted for utf-8 encoding
+    contents = contents.encode("utf-8")
+
+    with open(filename, "wb") as f:  # always write POSIX-style manifest
+        f.write(contents)
+
+
+def write_pkg_info(cmd, basename, filename):
+    log.info("writing %s", filename)
+    if not cmd.dry_run:
+        metadata = cmd.distribution.metadata
+        metadata.version, oldver = cmd.egg_version, metadata.version
+        metadata.name, oldname = cmd.egg_name, metadata.name
+
+        try:
+            # write unescaped data to PKG-INFO, so older pkg_resources
+            # can still parse it
+            metadata.write_pkg_info(cmd.egg_info)
+        finally:
+            metadata.name, metadata.version = oldname, oldver
+
+        safe = getattr(cmd.distribution, 'zip_safe', None)
+
+        bdist_egg.write_safety_flag(cmd.egg_info, safe)
+
+
+def warn_depends_obsolete(cmd, basename, filename):
+    if os.path.exists(filename):
+        log.warn(
+            "WARNING: 'depends.txt' is not used by setuptools 0.6!\n"
+            "Use the install_requires/extras_require setup() args instead."
+        )
+
+
+def _write_requirements(stream, reqs):
+    lines = yield_lines(reqs or ())
+    append_cr = lambda line: line + '\n'
+    lines = map(append_cr, sorted(lines))
+    stream.writelines(lines)
+
+
+def write_requirements(cmd, basename, filename):
+    dist = cmd.distribution
+    data = six.StringIO()
+    _write_requirements(data, dist.install_requires)
+    extras_require = dist.extras_require or {}
+    for extra in sorted(extras_require):
+        data.write('\n[{extra}]\n'.format(**vars()))
+        _write_requirements(data, extras_require[extra])
+    cmd.write_or_delete_file("requirements", filename, data.getvalue())
+
+
+def write_setup_requirements(cmd, basename, filename):
+    data = io.StringIO()
+    _write_requirements(data, cmd.distribution.setup_requires)
+    cmd.write_or_delete_file("setup-requirements", filename, data.getvalue())
+
+
+def write_toplevel_names(cmd, basename, filename):
+    pkgs = dict.fromkeys(
+        [
+            k.split('.', 1)[0]
+            for k in cmd.distribution.iter_distribution_names()
+        ]
+    )
+    cmd.write_file("top-level names", filename, '\n'.join(sorted(pkgs)) + '\n')
+
+
+def overwrite_arg(cmd, basename, filename):
+    write_arg(cmd, basename, filename, True)
+
+
+def write_arg(cmd, basename, filename, force=False):
+    argname = os.path.splitext(basename)[0]
+    value = getattr(cmd.distribution, argname, None)
+    if value is not None:
+        value = '\n'.join(value) + '\n'
+    cmd.write_or_delete_file(argname, filename, value, force)
+
+
+def write_entries(cmd, basename, filename):
+    ep = cmd.distribution.entry_points
+
+    if isinstance(ep, six.string_types) or ep is None:
+        data = ep
+    elif ep is not None:
+        data = []
+        for section, contents in sorted(ep.items()):
+            if not isinstance(contents, six.string_types):
+                contents = EntryPoint.parse_group(section, contents)
+                contents = '\n'.join(sorted(map(str, contents.values())))
+            data.append('[%s]\n%s\n\n' % (section, contents))
+        data = ''.join(data)
+
+    cmd.write_or_delete_file('entry points', filename, data, True)
+
+
+def get_pkg_info_revision():
+    """
+    Get a -r### off of PKG-INFO Version in case this is an sdist of
+    a subversion revision.
+    """
+    warnings.warn("get_pkg_info_revision is deprecated.", EggInfoDeprecationWarning)
+    if os.path.exists('PKG-INFO'):
+        with io.open('PKG-INFO') as f:
+            for line in f:
+                match = re.match(r"Version:.*-r(\d+)\s*$", line)
+                if match:
+                    return int(match.group(1))
+    return 0
+
+
+class EggInfoDeprecationWarning(SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning):
+    """Class for warning about deprecations in eggInfo in setupTools. Not ignored by default, unlike DeprecationWarning."""
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..31a5ddb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsArgError
+import inspect
+import glob
+import warnings
+import platform
+import distutils.command.install as orig
+
+import setuptools
+
+# Prior to numpy 1.9, NumPy relies on the '_install' name, so provide it for
+# now. See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/199/
+_install = orig.install
+
+
+class install(orig.install):
+    """Use easy_install to install the package, w/dependencies"""
+
+    user_options = orig.install.user_options + [
+        ('old-and-unmanageable', None, "Try not to use this!"),
+        ('single-version-externally-managed', None,
+         "used by system package builders to create 'flat' eggs"),
+    ]
+    boolean_options = orig.install.boolean_options + [
+        'old-and-unmanageable', 'single-version-externally-managed',
+    ]
+    new_commands = [
+        ('install_egg_info', lambda self: True),
+        ('install_scripts', lambda self: True),
+    ]
+    _nc = dict(new_commands)
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        orig.install.initialize_options(self)
+        self.old_and_unmanageable = None
+        self.single_version_externally_managed = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        orig.install.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.root:
+            self.single_version_externally_managed = True
+        elif self.single_version_externally_managed:
+            if not self.root and not self.record:
+                raise DistutilsArgError(
+                    "You must specify --record or --root when building system"
+                    " packages"
+                )
+
+    def handle_extra_path(self):
+        if self.root or self.single_version_externally_managed:
+            # explicit backward-compatibility mode, allow extra_path to work
+            return orig.install.handle_extra_path(self)
+
+        # Ignore extra_path when installing an egg (or being run by another
+        # command without --root or --single-version-externally-managed
+        self.path_file = None
+        self.extra_dirs = ''
+
+    def run(self):
+        # Explicit request for old-style install?  Just do it
+        if self.old_and_unmanageable or self.single_version_externally_managed:
+            return orig.install.run(self)
+
+        if not self._called_from_setup(inspect.currentframe()):
+            # Run in backward-compatibility mode to support bdist_* commands.
+            orig.install.run(self)
+        else:
+            self.do_egg_install()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _called_from_setup(run_frame):
+        """
+        Attempt to detect whether run() was called from setup() or by another
+        command.  If called by setup(), the parent caller will be the
+        'run_command' method in 'distutils.dist', and *its* caller will be
+        the 'run_commands' method.  If called any other way, the
+        immediate caller *might* be 'run_command', but it won't have been
+        called by 'run_commands'. Return True in that case or if a call stack
+        is unavailable. Return False otherwise.
+        """
+        if run_frame is None:
+            msg = "Call stack not available. bdist_* commands may fail."
+            warnings.warn(msg)
+            if platform.python_implementation() == 'IronPython':
+                msg = "For best results, pass -X:Frames to enable call stack."
+                warnings.warn(msg)
+            return True
+        res = inspect.getouterframes(run_frame)[2]
+        caller, = res[:1]
+        info = inspect.getframeinfo(caller)
+        caller_module = caller.f_globals.get('__name__', '')
+        return (
+            caller_module == 'distutils.dist'
+            and info.function == 'run_commands'
+        )
+
+    def do_egg_install(self):
+
+        easy_install = self.distribution.get_command_class('easy_install')
+
+        cmd = easy_install(
+            self.distribution, args="x", root=self.root, record=self.record,
+        )
+        cmd.ensure_finalized()  # finalize before bdist_egg munges install cmd
+        cmd.always_copy_from = '.'  # make sure local-dir eggs get installed
+
+        # pick up setup-dir .egg files only: no .egg-info
+        cmd.package_index.scan(glob.glob('*.egg'))
+
+        self.run_command('bdist_egg')
+        args = [self.distribution.get_command_obj('bdist_egg').egg_output]
+
+        if setuptools.bootstrap_install_from:
+            # Bootstrap self-installation of setuptools
+            args.insert(0, setuptools.bootstrap_install_from)
+
+        cmd.args = args
+        cmd.run()
+        setuptools.bootstrap_install_from = None
+
+
+# XXX Python 3.1 doesn't see _nc if this is inside the class
+install.sub_commands = (
+    [cmd for cmd in orig.install.sub_commands if cmd[0] not in install._nc] +
+    install.new_commands
+)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_egg_info.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_egg_info.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f405bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_egg_info.py
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+from distutils import log, dir_util
+import os, sys
+
+from setuptools import Command
+from setuptools import namespaces
+from setuptools.archive_util import unpack_archive
+import pkg_resources
+
+
+class install_egg_info(namespaces.Installer, Command):
+    """Install an .egg-info directory for the package"""
+
+    description = "Install an .egg-info directory for the package"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('install-dir=', 'd', "directory to install to"),
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.install_dir = None
+        self.install_layout = None
+        self.prefix_option = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        self.set_undefined_options('install_lib',
+                                   ('install_dir', 'install_dir'))
+        self.set_undefined_options('install',('install_layout','install_layout'))
+        if sys.hexversion > 0x2060000:
+            self.set_undefined_options('install',('prefix_option','prefix_option'))
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+        basename = pkg_resources.Distribution(
+            None, None, ei_cmd.egg_name, ei_cmd.egg_version
+        ).egg_name() + '.egg-info'
+
+        if self.install_layout:
+            if not self.install_layout.lower() in ['deb']:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError("unknown value for --install-layout")
+            self.install_layout = self.install_layout.lower()
+            basename = basename.replace('-py%s' % pkg_resources.PY_MAJOR, '')
+        elif self.prefix_option or 'real_prefix' in sys.__dict__:
+            # don't modify for virtualenv
+            pass
+        else:
+            basename = basename.replace('-py%s' % pkg_resources.PY_MAJOR, '')
+
+        self.source = ei_cmd.egg_info
+        self.target = os.path.join(self.install_dir, basename)
+        self.outputs = []
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.run_command('egg_info')
+        if os.path.isdir(self.target) and not os.path.islink(self.target):
+            dir_util.remove_tree(self.target, dry_run=self.dry_run)
+        elif os.path.exists(self.target):
+            self.execute(os.unlink, (self.target,), "Removing " + self.target)
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            pkg_resources.ensure_directory(self.target)
+        self.execute(
+            self.copytree, (), "Copying %s to %s" % (self.source, self.target)
+        )
+        self.install_namespaces()
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        return self.outputs
+
+    def copytree(self):
+        # Copy the .egg-info tree to site-packages
+        def skimmer(src, dst):
+            # filter out source-control directories; note that 'src' is always
+            # a '/'-separated path, regardless of platform.  'dst' is a
+            # platform-specific path.
+            for skip in '.svn/', 'CVS/':
+                if src.startswith(skip) or '/' + skip in src:
+                    return None
+            if self.install_layout and self.install_layout in ['deb'] and src.startswith('SOURCES.txt'):
+                log.info("Skipping SOURCES.txt")
+                return None
+            self.outputs.append(dst)
+            log.debug("Copying %s to %s", src, dst)
+            return dst
+
+        unpack_archive(self.source, self.target, skimmer)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..578e002
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import imp
+from itertools import product, starmap
+import distutils.command.install_lib as orig
+
+
+class install_lib(orig.install_lib):
+    """Don't add compiled flags to filenames of non-Python files"""
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        orig.install_lib.initialize_options(self)
+        self.multiarch = None
+        self.install_layout = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        orig.install_lib.finalize_options(self)
+        self.set_undefined_options('install',('install_layout','install_layout'))
+        if self.install_layout == 'deb' and sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 3):
+            import sysconfig
+            self.multiarch = sysconfig.get_config_var('MULTIARCH')
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.build()
+        outfiles = self.install()
+        if outfiles is not None:
+            # always compile, in case we have any extension stubs to deal with
+            self.byte_compile(outfiles)
+
+    def get_exclusions(self):
+        """
+        Return a collections.Sized collections.Container of paths to be
+        excluded for single_version_externally_managed installations.
+        """
+        all_packages = (
+            pkg
+            for ns_pkg in self._get_SVEM_NSPs()
+            for pkg in self._all_packages(ns_pkg)
+        )
+
+        excl_specs = product(all_packages, self._gen_exclusion_paths())
+        return set(starmap(self._exclude_pkg_path, excl_specs))
+
+    def _exclude_pkg_path(self, pkg, exclusion_path):
+        """
+        Given a package name and exclusion path within that package,
+        compute the full exclusion path.
+        """
+        parts = pkg.split('.') + [exclusion_path]
+        return os.path.join(self.install_dir, *parts)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _all_packages(pkg_name):
+        """
+        >>> list(install_lib._all_packages('foo.bar.baz'))
+        ['foo.bar.baz', 'foo.bar', 'foo']
+        """
+        while pkg_name:
+            yield pkg_name
+            pkg_name, sep, child = pkg_name.rpartition('.')
+
+    def _get_SVEM_NSPs(self):
+        """
+        Get namespace packages (list) but only for
+        single_version_externally_managed installations and empty otherwise.
+        """
+        # TODO: is it necessary to short-circuit here? i.e. what's the cost
+        # if get_finalized_command is called even when namespace_packages is
+        # False?
+        if not self.distribution.namespace_packages:
+            return []
+
+        install_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('install')
+        svem = install_cmd.single_version_externally_managed
+
+        return self.distribution.namespace_packages if svem else []
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _gen_exclusion_paths():
+        """
+        Generate file paths to be excluded for namespace packages (bytecode
+        cache files).
+        """
+        # always exclude the package module itself
+        yield '__init__.py'
+
+        yield '__init__.pyc'
+        yield '__init__.pyo'
+
+        if not hasattr(imp, 'get_tag'):
+            return
+
+        base = os.path.join('__pycache__', '__init__.' + imp.get_tag())
+        yield base + '.pyc'
+        yield base + '.pyo'
+        yield base + '.opt-1.pyc'
+        yield base + '.opt-2.pyc'
+
+    def copy_tree(
+            self, infile, outfile,
+            preserve_mode=1, preserve_times=1, preserve_symlinks=0, level=1
+    ):
+        assert preserve_mode and preserve_times and not preserve_symlinks
+        exclude = self.get_exclusions()
+
+        if not exclude:
+            import distutils.dir_util
+            distutils.dir_util._multiarch = self.multiarch
+            return orig.install_lib.copy_tree(self, infile, outfile)
+
+        # Exclude namespace package __init__.py* files from the output
+
+        from setuptools.archive_util import unpack_directory
+        from distutils import log
+
+        outfiles = []
+
+        if self.multiarch:
+            import sysconfig
+            ext_suffix = sysconfig.get_config_var ('EXT_SUFFIX')
+            if ext_suffix.endswith(self.multiarch + ext_suffix[-3:]):
+                new_suffix = None
+            else:
+                new_suffix = "%s-%s%s" % (ext_suffix[:-3], self.multiarch, ext_suffix[-3:])
+
+        def pf(src, dst):
+            if dst in exclude:
+                log.warn("Skipping installation of %s (namespace package)",
+                         dst)
+                return False
+
+            if self.multiarch and new_suffix and dst.endswith(ext_suffix) and not dst.endswith(new_suffix):
+                dst = dst.replace(ext_suffix, new_suffix)
+                log.info("renaming extension to %s", os.path.basename(dst))
+
+            log.info("copying %s -> %s", src, os.path.dirname(dst))
+            outfiles.append(dst)
+            return dst
+
+        unpack_directory(infile, outfile, pf)
+        return outfiles
+
+    def get_outputs(self):
+        outputs = orig.install_lib.get_outputs(self)
+        exclude = self.get_exclusions()
+        if exclude:
+            return [f for f in outputs if f not in exclude]
+        return outputs
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_scripts.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_scripts.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1623427
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_scripts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+from distutils import log
+import distutils.command.install_scripts as orig
+import os
+import sys
+
+from pkg_resources import Distribution, PathMetadata, ensure_directory
+
+
+class install_scripts(orig.install_scripts):
+    """Do normal script install, plus any egg_info wrapper scripts"""
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        orig.install_scripts.initialize_options(self)
+        self.no_ep = False
+
+    def run(self):
+        import setuptools.command.easy_install as ei
+
+        self.run_command("egg_info")
+        if self.distribution.scripts:
+            orig.install_scripts.run(self)  # run first to set up self.outfiles
+        else:
+            self.outfiles = []
+        if self.no_ep:
+            # don't install entry point scripts into .egg file!
+            return
+
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+        dist = Distribution(
+            ei_cmd.egg_base, PathMetadata(ei_cmd.egg_base, ei_cmd.egg_info),
+            ei_cmd.egg_name, ei_cmd.egg_version,
+        )
+        bs_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('build_scripts')
+        exec_param = getattr(bs_cmd, 'executable', None)
+        bw_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("bdist_wininst")
+        is_wininst = getattr(bw_cmd, '_is_running', False)
+        writer = ei.ScriptWriter
+        if is_wininst:
+            exec_param = "python.exe"
+            writer = ei.WindowsScriptWriter
+        if exec_param == sys.executable:
+            # In case the path to the Python executable contains a space, wrap
+            # it so it's not split up.
+            exec_param = [exec_param]
+        # resolve the writer to the environment
+        writer = writer.best()
+        cmd = writer.command_spec_class.best().from_param(exec_param)
+        for args in writer.get_args(dist, cmd.as_header()):
+            self.write_script(*args)
+
+    def write_script(self, script_name, contents, mode="t", *ignored):
+        """Write an executable file to the scripts directory"""
+        from setuptools.command.easy_install import chmod, current_umask
+
+        log.info("Installing %s script to %s", script_name, self.install_dir)
+        target = os.path.join(self.install_dir, script_name)
+        self.outfiles.append(target)
+
+        mask = current_umask()
+        if not self.dry_run:
+            ensure_directory(target)
+            f = open(target, "w" + mode)
+            f.write(contents)
+            f.close()
+            chmod(target, 0o777 - mask)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/launcher manifest.xml b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/launcher manifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5972a96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/launcher manifest.xml	
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0">
+    <assemblyIdentity version="1.0.0.0"
+                      processorArchitecture="X86"
+                      name="%(name)s"
+                      type="win32"/>
+    <!-- Identify the application security requirements. -->
+    <trustInfo xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3">
+        <security>
+            <requestedPrivileges>
+                <requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false"/>
+            </requestedPrivileges>
+        </security>
+    </trustInfo>
+</assembly>
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/py36compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/py36compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61063e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/py36compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+import os
+from glob import glob
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils.command import sdist
+
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import filter
+
+
+class sdist_add_defaults:
+    """
+    Mix-in providing forward-compatibility for functionality as found in
+    distutils on Python 3.7.
+
+    Do not edit the code in this class except to update functionality
+    as implemented in distutils. Instead, override in the subclass.
+    """
+
+    def add_defaults(self):
+        """Add all the default files to self.filelist:
+          - README or README.txt
+          - setup.py
+          - test/test*.py
+          - all pure Python modules mentioned in setup script
+          - all files pointed by package_data (build_py)
+          - all files defined in data_files.
+          - all files defined as scripts.
+          - all C sources listed as part of extensions or C libraries
+            in the setup script (doesn't catch C headers!)
+        Warns if (README or README.txt) or setup.py are missing; everything
+        else is optional.
+        """
+        self._add_defaults_standards()
+        self._add_defaults_optional()
+        self._add_defaults_python()
+        self._add_defaults_data_files()
+        self._add_defaults_ext()
+        self._add_defaults_c_libs()
+        self._add_defaults_scripts()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _cs_path_exists(fspath):
+        """
+        Case-sensitive path existence check
+
+        >>> sdist_add_defaults._cs_path_exists(__file__)
+        True
+        >>> sdist_add_defaults._cs_path_exists(__file__.upper())
+        False
+        """
+        if not os.path.exists(fspath):
+            return False
+        # make absolute so we always have a directory
+        abspath = os.path.abspath(fspath)
+        directory, filename = os.path.split(abspath)
+        return filename in os.listdir(directory)
+
+    def _add_defaults_standards(self):
+        standards = [self.READMES, self.distribution.script_name]
+        for fn in standards:
+            if isinstance(fn, tuple):
+                alts = fn
+                got_it = False
+                for fn in alts:
+                    if self._cs_path_exists(fn):
+                        got_it = True
+                        self.filelist.append(fn)
+                        break
+
+                if not got_it:
+                    self.warn("standard file not found: should have one of " +
+                              ', '.join(alts))
+            else:
+                if self._cs_path_exists(fn):
+                    self.filelist.append(fn)
+                else:
+                    self.warn("standard file '%s' not found" % fn)
+
+    def _add_defaults_optional(self):
+        optional = ['test/test*.py', 'setup.cfg']
+        for pattern in optional:
+            files = filter(os.path.isfile, glob(pattern))
+            self.filelist.extend(files)
+
+    def _add_defaults_python(self):
+        # build_py is used to get:
+        #  - python modules
+        #  - files defined in package_data
+        build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
+
+        # getting python files
+        if self.distribution.has_pure_modules():
+            self.filelist.extend(build_py.get_source_files())
+
+        # getting package_data files
+        # (computed in build_py.data_files by build_py.finalize_options)
+        for pkg, src_dir, build_dir, filenames in build_py.data_files:
+            for filename in filenames:
+                self.filelist.append(os.path.join(src_dir, filename))
+
+    def _add_defaults_data_files(self):
+        # getting distribution.data_files
+        if self.distribution.has_data_files():
+            for item in self.distribution.data_files:
+                if isinstance(item, str):
+                    # plain file
+                    item = convert_path(item)
+                    if os.path.isfile(item):
+                        self.filelist.append(item)
+                else:
+                    # a (dirname, filenames) tuple
+                    dirname, filenames = item
+                    for f in filenames:
+                        f = convert_path(f)
+                        if os.path.isfile(f):
+                            self.filelist.append(f)
+
+    def _add_defaults_ext(self):
+        if self.distribution.has_ext_modules():
+            build_ext = self.get_finalized_command('build_ext')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_ext.get_source_files())
+
+    def _add_defaults_c_libs(self):
+        if self.distribution.has_c_libraries():
+            build_clib = self.get_finalized_command('build_clib')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_clib.get_source_files())
+
+    def _add_defaults_scripts(self):
+        if self.distribution.has_scripts():
+            build_scripts = self.get_finalized_command('build_scripts')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_scripts.get_source_files())
+
+
+if hasattr(sdist.sdist, '_add_defaults_standards'):
+    # disable the functionality already available upstream
+    class sdist_add_defaults:
+        pass
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/register.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/register.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98bc015
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/register.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from distutils import log
+import distutils.command.register as orig
+
+
+class register(orig.register):
+    __doc__ = orig.register.__doc__
+
+    def run(self):
+        try:
+            # Make sure that we are using valid current name/version info
+            self.run_command('egg_info')
+            orig.register.run(self)
+        finally:
+            self.announce(
+                "WARNING: Registering is deprecated, use twine to "
+                "upload instead (https://pypi.org/p/twine/)",
+                log.WARN
+            )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/rotate.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/rotate.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b89353f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/rotate.py
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+import os
+import shutil
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+
+from setuptools import Command
+
+
+class rotate(Command):
+    """Delete older distributions"""
+
+    description = "delete older distributions, keeping N newest files"
+    user_options = [
+        ('match=', 'm', "patterns to match (required)"),
+        ('dist-dir=', 'd', "directory where the distributions are"),
+        ('keep=', 'k', "number of matching distributions to keep"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = []
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.match = None
+        self.dist_dir = None
+        self.keep = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        if self.match is None:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Must specify one or more (comma-separated) match patterns "
+                "(e.g. '.zip' or '.egg')"
+            )
+        if self.keep is None:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("Must specify number of files to keep")
+        try:
+            self.keep = int(self.keep)
+        except ValueError:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("--keep must be an integer")
+        if isinstance(self.match, six.string_types):
+            self.match = [
+                convert_path(p.strip()) for p in self.match.split(',')
+            ]
+        self.set_undefined_options('bdist', ('dist_dir', 'dist_dir'))
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.run_command("egg_info")
+        from glob import glob
+
+        for pattern in self.match:
+            pattern = self.distribution.get_name() + '*' + pattern
+            files = glob(os.path.join(self.dist_dir, pattern))
+            files = [(os.path.getmtime(f), f) for f in files]
+            files.sort()
+            files.reverse()
+
+            log.info("%d file(s) matching %s", len(files), pattern)
+            files = files[self.keep:]
+            for (t, f) in files:
+                log.info("Deleting %s", f)
+                if not self.dry_run:
+                    if os.path.isdir(f):
+                        shutil.rmtree(f)
+                    else:
+                        os.unlink(f)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/saveopts.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/saveopts.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..611cec5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/saveopts.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from setuptools.command.setopt import edit_config, option_base
+
+
+class saveopts(option_base):
+    """Save command-line options to a file"""
+
+    description = "save supplied options to setup.cfg or other config file"
+
+    def run(self):
+        dist = self.distribution
+        settings = {}
+
+        for cmd in dist.command_options:
+
+            if cmd == 'saveopts':
+                continue  # don't save our own options!
+
+            for opt, (src, val) in dist.get_option_dict(cmd).items():
+                if src == "command line":
+                    settings.setdefault(cmd, {})[opt] = val
+
+        edit_config(self.filename, settings, self.dry_run)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/sdist.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/sdist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc25398
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/sdist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+from distutils import log
+import distutils.command.sdist as orig
+import os
+import sys
+import io
+import contextlib
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+
+from .py36compat import sdist_add_defaults
+
+import pkg_resources
+
+_default_revctrl = list
+
+
+def walk_revctrl(dirname=''):
+    """Find all files under revision control"""
+    for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('setuptools.file_finders'):
+        for item in ep.load()(dirname):
+            yield item
+
+
+class sdist(sdist_add_defaults, orig.sdist):
+    """Smart sdist that finds anything supported by revision control"""
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('formats=', None,
+         "formats for source distribution (comma-separated list)"),
+        ('keep-temp', 'k',
+         "keep the distribution tree around after creating " +
+         "archive file(s)"),
+        ('dist-dir=', 'd',
+         "directory to put the source distribution archive(s) in "
+         "[default: dist]"),
+    ]
+
+    negative_opt = {}
+
+    README_EXTENSIONS = ['', '.rst', '.txt', '.md']
+    READMES = tuple('README{0}'.format(ext) for ext in README_EXTENSIONS)
+
+    def run(self):
+        self.run_command('egg_info')
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command('egg_info')
+        self.filelist = ei_cmd.filelist
+        self.filelist.append(os.path.join(ei_cmd.egg_info, 'SOURCES.txt'))
+        self.check_readme()
+
+        # Run sub commands
+        for cmd_name in self.get_sub_commands():
+            self.run_command(cmd_name)
+
+        self.make_distribution()
+
+        dist_files = getattr(self.distribution, 'dist_files', [])
+        for file in self.archive_files:
+            data = ('sdist', '', file)
+            if data not in dist_files:
+                dist_files.append(data)
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        orig.sdist.initialize_options(self)
+
+        self._default_to_gztar()
+
+    def _default_to_gztar(self):
+        # only needed on Python prior to 3.6.
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 6, 0, 'beta', 1):
+            return
+        self.formats = ['gztar']
+
+    def make_distribution(self):
+        """
+        Workaround for #516
+        """
+        with self._remove_os_link():
+            orig.sdist.make_distribution(self)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _remove_os_link():
+        """
+        In a context, remove and restore os.link if it exists
+        """
+
+        class NoValue:
+            pass
+
+        orig_val = getattr(os, 'link', NoValue)
+        try:
+            del os.link
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            if orig_val is not NoValue:
+                setattr(os, 'link', orig_val)
+
+    def __read_template_hack(self):
+        # This grody hack closes the template file (MANIFEST.in) if an
+        #  exception occurs during read_template.
+        # Doing so prevents an error when easy_install attempts to delete the
+        #  file.
+        try:
+            orig.sdist.read_template(self)
+        except Exception:
+            _, _, tb = sys.exc_info()
+            tb.tb_next.tb_frame.f_locals['template'].close()
+            raise
+
+    # Beginning with Python 2.7.2, 3.1.4, and 3.2.1, this leaky file handle
+    #  has been fixed, so only override the method if we're using an earlier
+    #  Python.
+    has_leaky_handle = (
+        sys.version_info < (2, 7, 2)
+        or (3, 0) <= sys.version_info < (3, 1, 4)
+        or (3, 2) <= sys.version_info < (3, 2, 1)
+    )
+    if has_leaky_handle:
+        read_template = __read_template_hack
+
+    def _add_defaults_python(self):
+        """getting python files"""
+        if self.distribution.has_pure_modules():
+            build_py = self.get_finalized_command('build_py')
+            self.filelist.extend(build_py.get_source_files())
+            # This functionality is incompatible with include_package_data, and
+            # will in fact create an infinite recursion if include_package_data
+            # is True.  Use of include_package_data will imply that
+            # distutils-style automatic handling of package_data is disabled
+            if not self.distribution.include_package_data:
+                for _, src_dir, _, filenames in build_py.data_files:
+                    self.filelist.extend([os.path.join(src_dir, filename)
+                                          for filename in filenames])
+
+    def _add_defaults_data_files(self):
+        try:
+            if six.PY2:
+                sdist_add_defaults._add_defaults_data_files(self)
+            else:
+                super()._add_defaults_data_files()
+        except TypeError:
+            log.warn("data_files contains unexpected objects")
+
+    def check_readme(self):
+        for f in self.READMES:
+            if os.path.exists(f):
+                return
+        else:
+            self.warn(
+                "standard file not found: should have one of " +
+                ', '.join(self.READMES)
+            )
+
+    def make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files):
+        orig.sdist.make_release_tree(self, base_dir, files)
+
+        # Save any egg_info command line options used to create this sdist
+        dest = os.path.join(base_dir, 'setup.cfg')
+        if hasattr(os, 'link') and os.path.exists(dest):
+            # unlink and re-copy, since it might be hard-linked, and
+            # we don't want to change the source version
+            os.unlink(dest)
+            self.copy_file('setup.cfg', dest)
+
+        self.get_finalized_command('egg_info').save_version_info(dest)
+
+    def _manifest_is_not_generated(self):
+        # check for special comment used in 2.7.1 and higher
+        if not os.path.isfile(self.manifest):
+            return False
+
+        with io.open(self.manifest, 'rb') as fp:
+            first_line = fp.readline()
+        return (first_line !=
+                '# file GENERATED by distutils, do NOT edit\n'.encode())
+
+    def read_manifest(self):
+        """Read the manifest file (named by 'self.manifest') and use it to
+        fill in 'self.filelist', the list of files to include in the source
+        distribution.
+        """
+        log.info("reading manifest file '%s'", self.manifest)
+        manifest = open(self.manifest, 'rb')
+        for line in manifest:
+            # The manifest must contain UTF-8. See #303.
+            if six.PY3:
+                try:
+                    line = line.decode('UTF-8')
+                except UnicodeDecodeError:
+                    log.warn("%r not UTF-8 decodable -- skipping" % line)
+                    continue
+            # ignore comments and blank lines
+            line = line.strip()
+            if line.startswith('#') or not line:
+                continue
+            self.filelist.append(line)
+        manifest.close()
+
+    def check_license(self):
+        """Checks if license_file' is configured and adds it to
+        'self.filelist' if the value contains a valid path.
+        """
+
+        opts = self.distribution.get_option_dict('metadata')
+
+        # ignore the source of the value
+        _, license_file = opts.get('license_file', (None, None))
+
+        if license_file is None:
+            log.debug("'license_file' option was not specified")
+            return
+
+        if not os.path.exists(license_file):
+            log.warn("warning: Failed to find the configured license file '%s'",
+                    license_file)
+            return
+
+        self.filelist.append(license_file)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/setopt.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/setopt.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e57cc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/setopt.py
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+from distutils.util import convert_path
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+import distutils
+import os
+
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import configparser
+
+from setuptools import Command
+
+__all__ = ['config_file', 'edit_config', 'option_base', 'setopt']
+
+
+def config_file(kind="local"):
+    """Get the filename of the distutils, local, global, or per-user config
+
+    `kind` must be one of "local", "global", or "user"
+    """
+    if kind == 'local':
+        return 'setup.cfg'
+    if kind == 'global':
+        return os.path.join(
+            os.path.dirname(distutils.__file__), 'distutils.cfg'
+        )
+    if kind == 'user':
+        dot = os.name == 'posix' and '.' or ''
+        return os.path.expanduser(convert_path("~/%spydistutils.cfg" % dot))
+    raise ValueError(
+        "config_file() type must be 'local', 'global', or 'user'", kind
+    )
+
+
+def edit_config(filename, settings, dry_run=False):
+    """Edit a configuration file to include `settings`
+
+    `settings` is a dictionary of dictionaries or ``None`` values, keyed by
+    command/section name.  A ``None`` value means to delete the entire section,
+    while a dictionary lists settings to be changed or deleted in that section.
+    A setting of ``None`` means to delete that setting.
+    """
+    log.debug("Reading configuration from %s", filename)
+    opts = configparser.RawConfigParser()
+    opts.read([filename])
+    for section, options in settings.items():
+        if options is None:
+            log.info("Deleting section [%s] from %s", section, filename)
+            opts.remove_section(section)
+        else:
+            if not opts.has_section(section):
+                log.debug("Adding new section [%s] to %s", section, filename)
+                opts.add_section(section)
+            for option, value in options.items():
+                if value is None:
+                    log.debug(
+                        "Deleting %s.%s from %s",
+                        section, option, filename
+                    )
+                    opts.remove_option(section, option)
+                    if not opts.options(section):
+                        log.info("Deleting empty [%s] section from %s",
+                                 section, filename)
+                        opts.remove_section(section)
+                else:
+                    log.debug(
+                        "Setting %s.%s to %r in %s",
+                        section, option, value, filename
+                    )
+                    opts.set(section, option, value)
+
+    log.info("Writing %s", filename)
+    if not dry_run:
+        with open(filename, 'w') as f:
+            opts.write(f)
+
+
+class option_base(Command):
+    """Abstract base class for commands that mess with config files"""
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('global-config', 'g',
+         "save options to the site-wide distutils.cfg file"),
+        ('user-config', 'u',
+         "save options to the current user's pydistutils.cfg file"),
+        ('filename=', 'f',
+         "configuration file to use (default=setup.cfg)"),
+    ]
+
+    boolean_options = [
+        'global-config', 'user-config',
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.global_config = None
+        self.user_config = None
+        self.filename = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        filenames = []
+        if self.global_config:
+            filenames.append(config_file('global'))
+        if self.user_config:
+            filenames.append(config_file('user'))
+        if self.filename is not None:
+            filenames.append(self.filename)
+        if not filenames:
+            filenames.append(config_file('local'))
+        if len(filenames) > 1:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                "Must specify only one configuration file option",
+                filenames
+            )
+        self.filename, = filenames
+
+
+class setopt(option_base):
+    """Save command-line options to a file"""
+
+    description = "set an option in setup.cfg or another config file"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('command=', 'c', 'command to set an option for'),
+        ('option=', 'o', 'option to set'),
+        ('set-value=', 's', 'value of the option'),
+        ('remove', 'r', 'remove (unset) the value'),
+    ] + option_base.user_options
+
+    boolean_options = option_base.boolean_options + ['remove']
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        option_base.initialize_options(self)
+        self.command = None
+        self.option = None
+        self.set_value = None
+        self.remove = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        option_base.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.command is None or self.option is None:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("Must specify --command *and* --option")
+        if self.set_value is None and not self.remove:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError("Must specify --set-value or --remove")
+
+    def run(self):
+        edit_config(
+            self.filename, {
+                self.command: {self.option.replace('-', '_'): self.set_value}
+            },
+            self.dry_run
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/test.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dde0118
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+import os
+import operator
+import sys
+import contextlib
+import itertools
+import unittest
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError, DistutilsOptionError
+from distutils import log
+from unittest import TestLoader
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import map, filter
+
+from pkg_resources import (resource_listdir, resource_exists, normalize_path,
+                           working_set, _namespace_packages, evaluate_marker,
+                           add_activation_listener, require, EntryPoint)
+from setuptools import Command
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+
+class ScanningLoader(TestLoader):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        TestLoader.__init__(self)
+        self._visited = set()
+
+    def loadTestsFromModule(self, module, pattern=None):
+        """Return a suite of all tests cases contained in the given module
+
+        If the module is a package, load tests from all the modules in it.
+        If the module has an ``additional_tests`` function, call it and add
+        the return value to the tests.
+        """
+        if module in self._visited:
+            return None
+        self._visited.add(module)
+
+        tests = []
+        tests.append(TestLoader.loadTestsFromModule(self, module))
+
+        if hasattr(module, "additional_tests"):
+            tests.append(module.additional_tests())
+
+        if hasattr(module, '__path__'):
+            for file in resource_listdir(module.__name__, ''):
+                if file.endswith('.py') and file != '__init__.py':
+                    submodule = module.__name__ + '.' + file[:-3]
+                else:
+                    if resource_exists(module.__name__, file + '/__init__.py'):
+                        submodule = module.__name__ + '.' + file
+                    else:
+                        continue
+                tests.append(self.loadTestsFromName(submodule))
+
+        if len(tests) != 1:
+            return self.suiteClass(tests)
+        else:
+            return tests[0]  # don't create a nested suite for only one return
+
+
+# adapted from jaraco.classes.properties:NonDataProperty
+class NonDataProperty:
+    def __init__(self, fget):
+        self.fget = fget
+
+    def __get__(self, obj, objtype=None):
+        if obj is None:
+            return self
+        return self.fget(obj)
+
+
+class test(Command):
+    """Command to run unit tests after in-place build"""
+
+    description = "run unit tests after in-place build"
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('test-module=', 'm', "Run 'test_suite' in specified module"),
+        ('test-suite=', 's',
+         "Run single test, case or suite (e.g. 'module.test_suite')"),
+        ('test-runner=', 'r', "Test runner to use"),
+    ]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        self.test_suite = None
+        self.test_module = None
+        self.test_loader = None
+        self.test_runner = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+
+        if self.test_suite and self.test_module:
+            msg = "You may specify a module or a suite, but not both"
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(msg)
+
+        if self.test_suite is None:
+            if self.test_module is None:
+                self.test_suite = self.distribution.test_suite
+            else:
+                self.test_suite = self.test_module + ".test_suite"
+
+        if self.test_loader is None:
+            self.test_loader = getattr(self.distribution, 'test_loader', None)
+        if self.test_loader is None:
+            self.test_loader = "setuptools.command.test:ScanningLoader"
+        if self.test_runner is None:
+            self.test_runner = getattr(self.distribution, 'test_runner', None)
+
+    @NonDataProperty
+    def test_args(self):
+        return list(self._test_args())
+
+    def _test_args(self):
+        if not self.test_suite and sys.version_info >= (2, 7):
+            yield 'discover'
+        if self.verbose:
+            yield '--verbose'
+        if self.test_suite:
+            yield self.test_suite
+
+    def with_project_on_sys_path(self, func):
+        """
+        Backward compatibility for project_on_sys_path context.
+        """
+        with self.project_on_sys_path():
+            func()
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def project_on_sys_path(self, include_dists=[]):
+        with_2to3 = six.PY3 and getattr(self.distribution, 'use_2to3', False)
+
+        if with_2to3:
+            # If we run 2to3 we can not do this inplace:
+
+            # Ensure metadata is up-to-date
+            self.reinitialize_command('build_py', inplace=0)
+            self.run_command('build_py')
+            bpy_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("build_py")
+            build_path = normalize_path(bpy_cmd.build_lib)
+
+            # Build extensions
+            self.reinitialize_command('egg_info', egg_base=build_path)
+            self.run_command('egg_info')
+
+            self.reinitialize_command('build_ext', inplace=0)
+            self.run_command('build_ext')
+        else:
+            # Without 2to3 inplace works fine:
+            self.run_command('egg_info')
+
+            # Build extensions in-place
+            self.reinitialize_command('build_ext', inplace=1)
+            self.run_command('build_ext')
+
+        ei_cmd = self.get_finalized_command("egg_info")
+
+        old_path = sys.path[:]
+        old_modules = sys.modules.copy()
+
+        try:
+            project_path = normalize_path(ei_cmd.egg_base)
+            sys.path.insert(0, project_path)
+            working_set.__init__()
+            add_activation_listener(lambda dist: dist.activate())
+            require('%s==%s' % (ei_cmd.egg_name, ei_cmd.egg_version))
+            with self.paths_on_pythonpath([project_path]):
+                yield
+        finally:
+            sys.path[:] = old_path
+            sys.modules.clear()
+            sys.modules.update(old_modules)
+            working_set.__init__()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def paths_on_pythonpath(paths):
+        """
+        Add the indicated paths to the head of the PYTHONPATH environment
+        variable so that subprocesses will also see the packages at
+        these paths.
+
+        Do this in a context that restores the value on exit.
+        """
+        nothing = object()
+        orig_pythonpath = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', nothing)
+        current_pythonpath = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH', '')
+        try:
+            prefix = os.pathsep.join(paths)
+            to_join = filter(None, [prefix, current_pythonpath])
+            new_path = os.pathsep.join(to_join)
+            if new_path:
+                os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = new_path
+            yield
+        finally:
+            if orig_pythonpath is nothing:
+                os.environ.pop('PYTHONPATH', None)
+            else:
+                os.environ['PYTHONPATH'] = orig_pythonpath
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def install_dists(dist):
+        """
+        Install the requirements indicated by self.distribution and
+        return an iterable of the dists that were built.
+        """
+        ir_d = dist.fetch_build_eggs(dist.install_requires)
+        tr_d = dist.fetch_build_eggs(dist.tests_require or [])
+        er_d = dist.fetch_build_eggs(
+            v for k, v in dist.extras_require.items()
+            if k.startswith(':') and evaluate_marker(k[1:])
+        )
+        return itertools.chain(ir_d, tr_d, er_d)
+
+    def run(self):
+        installed_dists = self.install_dists(self.distribution)
+
+        cmd = ' '.join(self._argv)
+        if self.dry_run:
+            self.announce('skipping "%s" (dry run)' % cmd)
+            return
+
+        self.announce('running "%s"' % cmd)
+
+        paths = map(operator.attrgetter('location'), installed_dists)
+        with self.paths_on_pythonpath(paths):
+            with self.project_on_sys_path():
+                self.run_tests()
+
+    def run_tests(self):
+        # Purge modules under test from sys.modules. The test loader will
+        # re-import them from the build location. Required when 2to3 is used
+        # with namespace packages.
+        if six.PY3 and getattr(self.distribution, 'use_2to3', False):
+            module = self.test_suite.split('.')[0]
+            if module in _namespace_packages:
+                del_modules = []
+                if module in sys.modules:
+                    del_modules.append(module)
+                module += '.'
+                for name in sys.modules:
+                    if name.startswith(module):
+                        del_modules.append(name)
+                list(map(sys.modules.__delitem__, del_modules))
+
+        test = unittest.main(
+            None, None, self._argv,
+            testLoader=self._resolve_as_ep(self.test_loader),
+            testRunner=self._resolve_as_ep(self.test_runner),
+            exit=False,
+        )
+        if not test.result.wasSuccessful():
+            msg = 'Test failed: %s' % test.result
+            self.announce(msg, log.ERROR)
+            raise DistutilsError(msg)
+
+    @property
+    def _argv(self):
+        return ['unittest'] + self.test_args
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _resolve_as_ep(val):
+        """
+        Load the indicated attribute value, called, as a as if it were
+        specified as an entry point.
+        """
+        if val is None:
+            return
+        parsed = EntryPoint.parse("x=" + val)
+        return parsed.resolve()()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6db8888
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload.py
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+import io
+import os
+import hashlib
+import getpass
+
+from base64 import standard_b64encode
+
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.command import upload as orig
+from distutils.spawn import spawn
+
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves.urllib.request import urlopen, Request
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves.urllib.error import HTTPError
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves.urllib.parse import urlparse
+
+
+class upload(orig.upload):
+    """
+    Override default upload behavior to obtain password
+    in a variety of different ways.
+    """
+    def run(self):
+        try:
+            orig.upload.run(self)
+        finally:
+            self.announce(
+                "WARNING: Uploading via this command is deprecated, use twine "
+                "to upload instead (https://pypi.org/p/twine/)",
+                log.WARN
+            )
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        orig.upload.finalize_options(self)
+        self.username = (
+            self.username or
+            getpass.getuser()
+        )
+        # Attempt to obtain password. Short circuit evaluation at the first
+        # sign of success.
+        self.password = (
+            self.password or
+            self._load_password_from_keyring() or
+            self._prompt_for_password()
+        )
+
+    def upload_file(self, command, pyversion, filename):
+        # Makes sure the repository URL is compliant
+        schema, netloc, url, params, query, fragments = \
+            urlparse(self.repository)
+        if params or query or fragments:
+            raise AssertionError("Incompatible url %s" % self.repository)
+
+        if schema not in ('http', 'https'):
+            raise AssertionError("unsupported schema " + schema)
+
+        # Sign if requested
+        if self.sign:
+            gpg_args = ["gpg", "--detach-sign", "-a", filename]
+            if self.identity:
+                gpg_args[2:2] = ["--local-user", self.identity]
+            spawn(gpg_args,
+                  dry_run=self.dry_run)
+
+        # Fill in the data - send all the meta-data in case we need to
+        # register a new release
+        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+            content = f.read()
+
+        meta = self.distribution.metadata
+
+        data = {
+            # action
+            ':action': 'file_upload',
+            'protocol_version': '1',
+
+            # identify release
+            'name': meta.get_name(),
+            'version': meta.get_version(),
+
+            # file content
+            'content': (os.path.basename(filename), content),
+            'filetype': command,
+            'pyversion': pyversion,
+            'md5_digest': hashlib.md5(content).hexdigest(),
+
+            # additional meta-data
+            'metadata_version': str(meta.get_metadata_version()),
+            'summary': meta.get_description(),
+            'home_page': meta.get_url(),
+            'author': meta.get_contact(),
+            'author_email': meta.get_contact_email(),
+            'license': meta.get_licence(),
+            'description': meta.get_long_description(),
+            'keywords': meta.get_keywords(),
+            'platform': meta.get_platforms(),
+            'classifiers': meta.get_classifiers(),
+            'download_url': meta.get_download_url(),
+            # PEP 314
+            'provides': meta.get_provides(),
+            'requires': meta.get_requires(),
+            'obsoletes': meta.get_obsoletes(),
+            }
+
+        data['comment'] = ''
+
+        if self.sign:
+            data['gpg_signature'] = (os.path.basename(filename) + ".asc",
+                                     open(filename+".asc", "rb").read())
+
+        # set up the authentication
+        user_pass = (self.username + ":" + self.password).encode('ascii')
+        # The exact encoding of the authentication string is debated.
+        # Anyway PyPI only accepts ascii for both username or password.
+        auth = "Basic " + standard_b64encode(user_pass).decode('ascii')
+
+        # Build up the MIME payload for the POST data
+        boundary = '--------------GHSKFJDLGDS7543FJKLFHRE75642756743254'
+        sep_boundary = b'\r\n--' + boundary.encode('ascii')
+        end_boundary = sep_boundary + b'--\r\n'
+        body = io.BytesIO()
+        for key, value in data.items():
+            title = '\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"' % key
+            # handle multiple entries for the same name
+            if not isinstance(value, list):
+                value = [value]
+            for value in value:
+                if type(value) is tuple:
+                    title += '; filename="%s"' % value[0]
+                    value = value[1]
+                else:
+                    value = str(value).encode('utf-8')
+                body.write(sep_boundary)
+                body.write(title.encode('utf-8'))
+                body.write(b"\r\n\r\n")
+                body.write(value)
+        body.write(end_boundary)
+        body = body.getvalue()
+
+        msg = "Submitting %s to %s" % (filename, self.repository)
+        self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+
+        # build the Request
+        headers = {
+            'Content-type': 'multipart/form-data; boundary=%s' % boundary,
+            'Content-length': str(len(body)),
+            'Authorization': auth,
+        }
+
+        request = Request(self.repository, data=body,
+                          headers=headers)
+        # send the data
+        try:
+            result = urlopen(request)
+            status = result.getcode()
+            reason = result.msg
+        except HTTPError as e:
+            status = e.code
+            reason = e.msg
+        except OSError as e:
+            self.announce(str(e), log.ERROR)
+            raise
+
+        if status == 200:
+            self.announce('Server response (%s): %s' % (status, reason),
+                          log.INFO)
+            if self.show_response:
+                text = getattr(self, '_read_pypi_response',
+                               lambda x: None)(result)
+                if text is not None:
+                    msg = '\n'.join(('-' * 75, text, '-' * 75))
+                    self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+        else:
+            msg = 'Upload failed (%s): %s' % (status, reason)
+            self.announce(msg, log.ERROR)
+            raise DistutilsError(msg)
+
+    def _load_password_from_keyring(self):
+        """
+        Attempt to load password from keyring. Suppress Exceptions.
+        """
+        try:
+            keyring = __import__('keyring')
+            return keyring.get_password(self.repository, self.username)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    def _prompt_for_password(self):
+        """
+        Prompt for a password on the tty. Suppress Exceptions.
+        """
+        try:
+            return getpass.getpass()
+        except (Exception, KeyboardInterrupt):
+            pass
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload_docs.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload_docs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07aa564
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/upload_docs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""upload_docs
+
+Implements a Distutils 'upload_docs' subcommand (upload documentation to
+PyPI's pythonhosted.org).
+"""
+
+from base64 import standard_b64encode
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+import os
+import socket
+import zipfile
+import tempfile
+import shutil
+import itertools
+import functools
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import http_client, urllib
+
+from pkg_resources import iter_entry_points
+from .upload import upload
+
+
+def _encode(s):
+    errors = 'surrogateescape' if six.PY3 else 'strict'
+    return s.encode('utf-8', errors)
+
+
+class upload_docs(upload):
+    # override the default repository as upload_docs isn't
+    # supported by Warehouse (and won't be).
+    DEFAULT_REPOSITORY = 'https://pypi.python.org/pypi/'
+
+    description = 'Upload documentation to PyPI'
+
+    user_options = [
+        ('repository=', 'r',
+         "url of repository [default: %s]" % upload.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY),
+        ('show-response', None,
+         'display full response text from server'),
+        ('upload-dir=', None, 'directory to upload'),
+    ]
+    boolean_options = upload.boolean_options
+
+    def has_sphinx(self):
+        if self.upload_dir is None:
+            for ep in iter_entry_points('distutils.commands', 'build_sphinx'):
+                return True
+
+    sub_commands = [('build_sphinx', has_sphinx)]
+
+    def initialize_options(self):
+        upload.initialize_options(self)
+        self.upload_dir = None
+        self.target_dir = None
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        upload.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.upload_dir is None:
+            if self.has_sphinx():
+                build_sphinx = self.get_finalized_command('build_sphinx')
+                self.target_dir = build_sphinx.builder_target_dir
+            else:
+                build = self.get_finalized_command('build')
+                self.target_dir = os.path.join(build.build_base, 'docs')
+        else:
+            self.ensure_dirname('upload_dir')
+            self.target_dir = self.upload_dir
+        if 'pypi.python.org' in self.repository:
+            log.warn("Upload_docs command is deprecated. Use RTD instead.")
+        self.announce('Using upload directory %s' % self.target_dir)
+
+    def create_zipfile(self, filename):
+        zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(filename, "w")
+        try:
+            self.mkpath(self.target_dir)  # just in case
+            for root, dirs, files in os.walk(self.target_dir):
+                if root == self.target_dir and not files:
+                    tmpl = "no files found in upload directory '%s'"
+                    raise DistutilsOptionError(tmpl % self.target_dir)
+                for name in files:
+                    full = os.path.join(root, name)
+                    relative = root[len(self.target_dir):].lstrip(os.path.sep)
+                    dest = os.path.join(relative, name)
+                    zip_file.write(full, dest)
+        finally:
+            zip_file.close()
+
+    def run(self):
+        # Run sub commands
+        for cmd_name in self.get_sub_commands():
+            self.run_command(cmd_name)
+
+        tmp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        name = self.distribution.metadata.get_name()
+        zip_file = os.path.join(tmp_dir, "%s.zip" % name)
+        try:
+            self.create_zipfile(zip_file)
+            self.upload_file(zip_file)
+        finally:
+            shutil.rmtree(tmp_dir)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _build_part(item, sep_boundary):
+        key, values = item
+        title = '\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"' % key
+        # handle multiple entries for the same name
+        if not isinstance(values, list):
+            values = [values]
+        for value in values:
+            if isinstance(value, tuple):
+                title += '; filename="%s"' % value[0]
+                value = value[1]
+            else:
+                value = _encode(value)
+            yield sep_boundary
+            yield _encode(title)
+            yield b"\n\n"
+            yield value
+            if value and value[-1:] == b'\r':
+                yield b'\n'  # write an extra newline (lurve Macs)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _build_multipart(cls, data):
+        """
+        Build up the MIME payload for the POST data
+        """
+        boundary = b'--------------GHSKFJDLGDS7543FJKLFHRE75642756743254'
+        sep_boundary = b'\n--' + boundary
+        end_boundary = sep_boundary + b'--'
+        end_items = end_boundary, b"\n",
+        builder = functools.partial(
+            cls._build_part,
+            sep_boundary=sep_boundary,
+        )
+        part_groups = map(builder, data.items())
+        parts = itertools.chain.from_iterable(part_groups)
+        body_items = itertools.chain(parts, end_items)
+        content_type = 'multipart/form-data; boundary=%s' % boundary.decode('ascii')
+        return b''.join(body_items), content_type
+
+    def upload_file(self, filename):
+        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
+            content = f.read()
+        meta = self.distribution.metadata
+        data = {
+            ':action': 'doc_upload',
+            'name': meta.get_name(),
+            'content': (os.path.basename(filename), content),
+        }
+        # set up the authentication
+        credentials = _encode(self.username + ':' + self.password)
+        credentials = standard_b64encode(credentials)
+        if six.PY3:
+            credentials = credentials.decode('ascii')
+        auth = "Basic " + credentials
+
+        body, ct = self._build_multipart(data)
+
+        msg = "Submitting documentation to %s" % (self.repository)
+        self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+
+        # build the Request
+        # We can't use urllib2 since we need to send the Basic
+        # auth right with the first request
+        schema, netloc, url, params, query, fragments = \
+            urllib.parse.urlparse(self.repository)
+        assert not params and not query and not fragments
+        if schema == 'http':
+            conn = http_client.HTTPConnection(netloc)
+        elif schema == 'https':
+            conn = http_client.HTTPSConnection(netloc)
+        else:
+            raise AssertionError("unsupported schema " + schema)
+
+        data = ''
+        try:
+            conn.connect()
+            conn.putrequest("POST", url)
+            content_type = ct
+            conn.putheader('Content-type', content_type)
+            conn.putheader('Content-length', str(len(body)))
+            conn.putheader('Authorization', auth)
+            conn.endheaders()
+            conn.send(body)
+        except socket.error as e:
+            self.announce(str(e), log.ERROR)
+            return
+
+        r = conn.getresponse()
+        if r.status == 200:
+            msg = 'Server response (%s): %s' % (r.status, r.reason)
+            self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+        elif r.status == 301:
+            location = r.getheader('Location')
+            if location is None:
+                location = 'https://pythonhosted.org/%s/' % meta.get_name()
+            msg = 'Upload successful. Visit %s' % location
+            self.announce(msg, log.INFO)
+        else:
+            msg = 'Upload failed (%s): %s' % (r.status, r.reason)
+            self.announce(msg, log.ERROR)
+        if self.show_response:
+            print('-' * 75, r.read(), '-' * 75)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/config.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/config.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b662604
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/config.py
@@ -0,0 +1,656 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
+import io
+import os
+import sys
+
+import warnings
+import functools
+from collections import defaultdict
+from functools import partial
+from functools import wraps
+from importlib import import_module
+
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError, DistutilsFileError
+from setuptools.extern.packaging.version import LegacyVersion, parse
+from setuptools.extern.six import string_types, PY3
+
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+
+def read_configuration(
+        filepath, find_others=False, ignore_option_errors=False):
+    """Read given configuration file and returns options from it as a dict.
+
+    :param str|unicode filepath: Path to configuration file
+        to get options from.
+
+    :param bool find_others: Whether to search for other configuration files
+        which could be on in various places.
+
+    :param bool ignore_option_errors: Whether to silently ignore
+        options, values of which could not be resolved (e.g. due to exceptions
+        in directives such as file:, attr:, etc.).
+        If False exceptions are propagated as expected.
+
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+    from setuptools.dist import Distribution, _Distribution
+
+    filepath = os.path.abspath(filepath)
+
+    if not os.path.isfile(filepath):
+        raise DistutilsFileError(
+            'Configuration file %s does not exist.' % filepath)
+
+    current_directory = os.getcwd()
+    os.chdir(os.path.dirname(filepath))
+
+    try:
+        dist = Distribution()
+
+        filenames = dist.find_config_files() if find_others else []
+        if filepath not in filenames:
+            filenames.append(filepath)
+
+        _Distribution.parse_config_files(dist, filenames=filenames)
+
+        handlers = parse_configuration(
+            dist, dist.command_options,
+            ignore_option_errors=ignore_option_errors)
+
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(current_directory)
+
+    return configuration_to_dict(handlers)
+
+
+def _get_option(target_obj, key):
+    """
+    Given a target object and option key, get that option from
+    the target object, either through a get_{key} method or
+    from an attribute directly.
+    """
+    getter_name = 'get_{key}'.format(**locals())
+    by_attribute = functools.partial(getattr, target_obj, key)
+    getter = getattr(target_obj, getter_name, by_attribute)
+    return getter()
+
+
+def configuration_to_dict(handlers):
+    """Returns configuration data gathered by given handlers as a dict.
+
+    :param list[ConfigHandler] handlers: Handlers list,
+        usually from parse_configuration()
+
+    :rtype: dict
+    """
+    config_dict = defaultdict(dict)
+
+    for handler in handlers:
+        for option in handler.set_options:
+            value = _get_option(handler.target_obj, option)
+            config_dict[handler.section_prefix][option] = value
+
+    return config_dict
+
+
+def parse_configuration(
+        distribution, command_options, ignore_option_errors=False):
+    """Performs additional parsing of configuration options
+    for a distribution.
+
+    Returns a list of used option handlers.
+
+    :param Distribution distribution:
+    :param dict command_options:
+    :param bool ignore_option_errors: Whether to silently ignore
+        options, values of which could not be resolved (e.g. due to exceptions
+        in directives such as file:, attr:, etc.).
+        If False exceptions are propagated as expected.
+    :rtype: list
+    """
+    options = ConfigOptionsHandler(
+        distribution, command_options, ignore_option_errors)
+    options.parse()
+
+    meta = ConfigMetadataHandler(
+        distribution.metadata, command_options, ignore_option_errors,
+        distribution.package_dir)
+    meta.parse()
+
+    return meta, options
+
+
+class ConfigHandler:
+    """Handles metadata supplied in configuration files."""
+
+    section_prefix = None
+    """Prefix for config sections handled by this handler.
+    Must be provided by class heirs.
+
+    """
+
+    aliases = {}
+    """Options aliases.
+    For compatibility with various packages. E.g.: d2to1 and pbr.
+    Note: `-` in keys is replaced with `_` by config parser.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, target_obj, options, ignore_option_errors=False):
+        sections = {}
+
+        section_prefix = self.section_prefix
+        for section_name, section_options in options.items():
+            if not section_name.startswith(section_prefix):
+                continue
+
+            section_name = section_name.replace(section_prefix, '').strip('.')
+            sections[section_name] = section_options
+
+        self.ignore_option_errors = ignore_option_errors
+        self.target_obj = target_obj
+        self.sections = sections
+        self.set_options = []
+
+    @property
+    def parsers(self):
+        """Metadata item name to parser function mapping."""
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            '%s must provide .parsers property' % self.__class__.__name__)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, option_name, value):
+        unknown = tuple()
+        target_obj = self.target_obj
+
+        # Translate alias into real name.
+        option_name = self.aliases.get(option_name, option_name)
+
+        current_value = getattr(target_obj, option_name, unknown)
+
+        if current_value is unknown:
+            raise KeyError(option_name)
+
+        if current_value:
+            # Already inhabited. Skipping.
+            return
+
+        skip_option = False
+        parser = self.parsers.get(option_name)
+        if parser:
+            try:
+                value = parser(value)
+
+            except Exception:
+                skip_option = True
+                if not self.ignore_option_errors:
+                    raise
+
+        if skip_option:
+            return
+
+        setter = getattr(target_obj, 'set_%s' % option_name, None)
+        if setter is None:
+            setattr(target_obj, option_name, value)
+        else:
+            setter(value)
+
+        self.set_options.append(option_name)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_list(cls, value, separator=','):
+        """Represents value as a list.
+
+        Value is split either by separator (defaults to comma) or by lines.
+
+        :param value:
+        :param separator: List items separator character.
+        :rtype: list
+        """
+        if isinstance(value, list):  # _get_parser_compound case
+            return value
+
+        if '\n' in value:
+            value = value.splitlines()
+        else:
+            value = value.split(separator)
+
+        return [chunk.strip() for chunk in value if chunk.strip()]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_dict(cls, value):
+        """Represents value as a dict.
+
+        :param value:
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        separator = '='
+        result = {}
+        for line in cls._parse_list(value):
+            key, sep, val = line.partition(separator)
+            if sep != separator:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                    'Unable to parse option value to dict: %s' % value)
+            result[key.strip()] = val.strip()
+
+        return result
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_bool(cls, value):
+        """Represents value as boolean.
+
+        :param value:
+        :rtype: bool
+        """
+        value = value.lower()
+        return value in ('1', 'true', 'yes')
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _exclude_files_parser(cls, key):
+        """Returns a parser function to make sure field inputs
+        are not files.
+
+        Parses a value after getting the key so error messages are
+        more informative.
+
+        :param key:
+        :rtype: callable
+        """
+        def parser(value):
+            exclude_directive = 'file:'
+            if value.startswith(exclude_directive):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    'Only strings are accepted for the {0} field, '
+                    'files are not accepted'.format(key))
+            return value
+        return parser
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_file(cls, value):
+        """Represents value as a string, allowing including text
+        from nearest files using `file:` directive.
+
+        Directive is sandboxed and won't reach anything outside
+        directory with setup.py.
+
+        Examples:
+            file: README.rst, CHANGELOG.md, src/file.txt
+
+        :param str value:
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+        include_directive = 'file:'
+
+        if not isinstance(value, string_types):
+            return value
+
+        if not value.startswith(include_directive):
+            return value
+
+        spec = value[len(include_directive):]
+        filepaths = (os.path.abspath(path.strip()) for path in spec.split(','))
+        return '\n'.join(
+            cls._read_file(path)
+            for path in filepaths
+            if (cls._assert_local(path) or True)
+            and os.path.isfile(path)
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _assert_local(filepath):
+        if not filepath.startswith(os.getcwd()):
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                '`file:` directive can not access %s' % filepath)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _read_file(filepath):
+        with io.open(filepath, encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            return f.read()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_attr(cls, value, package_dir=None):
+        """Represents value as a module attribute.
+
+        Examples:
+            attr: package.attr
+            attr: package.module.attr
+
+        :param str value:
+        :rtype: str
+        """
+        attr_directive = 'attr:'
+        if not value.startswith(attr_directive):
+            return value
+
+        attrs_path = value.replace(attr_directive, '').strip().split('.')
+        attr_name = attrs_path.pop()
+
+        module_name = '.'.join(attrs_path)
+        module_name = module_name or '__init__'
+
+        parent_path = os.getcwd()
+        if package_dir:
+            if attrs_path[0] in package_dir:
+                # A custom path was specified for the module we want to import
+                custom_path = package_dir[attrs_path[0]]
+                parts = custom_path.rsplit('/', 1)
+                if len(parts) > 1:
+                    parent_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), parts[0])
+                    module_name = parts[1]
+                else:
+                    module_name = custom_path
+            elif '' in package_dir:
+                # A custom parent directory was specified for all root modules
+                parent_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), package_dir[''])
+        sys.path.insert(0, parent_path)
+        try:
+            module = import_module(module_name)
+            value = getattr(module, attr_name)
+
+        finally:
+            sys.path = sys.path[1:]
+
+        return value
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_parser_compound(cls, *parse_methods):
+        """Returns parser function to represents value as a list.
+
+        Parses a value applying given methods one after another.
+
+        :param parse_methods:
+        :rtype: callable
+        """
+        def parse(value):
+            parsed = value
+
+            for method in parse_methods:
+                parsed = method(parsed)
+
+            return parsed
+
+        return parse
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _parse_section_to_dict(cls, section_options, values_parser=None):
+        """Parses section options into a dictionary.
+
+        Optionally applies a given parser to values.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        :param callable values_parser:
+        :rtype: dict
+        """
+        value = {}
+        values_parser = values_parser or (lambda val: val)
+        for key, (_, val) in section_options.items():
+            value[key] = values_parser(val)
+        return value
+
+    def parse_section(self, section_options):
+        """Parses configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        for (name, (_, value)) in section_options.items():
+            try:
+                self[name] = value
+
+            except KeyError:
+                pass  # Keep silent for a new option may appear anytime.
+
+    def parse(self):
+        """Parses configuration file items from one
+        or more related sections.
+
+        """
+        for section_name, section_options in self.sections.items():
+
+            method_postfix = ''
+            if section_name:  # [section.option] variant
+                method_postfix = '_%s' % section_name
+
+            section_parser_method = getattr(
+                self,
+                # Dots in section names are translated into dunderscores.
+                ('parse_section%s' % method_postfix).replace('.', '__'),
+                None)
+
+            if section_parser_method is None:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                    'Unsupported distribution option section: [%s.%s]' % (
+                        self.section_prefix, section_name))
+
+            section_parser_method(section_options)
+
+    def _deprecated_config_handler(self, func, msg, warning_class):
+        """ this function will wrap around parameters that are deprecated
+
+        :param msg: deprecation message
+        :param warning_class: class of warning exception to be raised
+        :param func: function to be wrapped around
+        """
+        @wraps(func)
+        def config_handler(*args, **kwargs):
+            warnings.warn(msg, warning_class)
+            return func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        return config_handler
+
+
+class ConfigMetadataHandler(ConfigHandler):
+
+    section_prefix = 'metadata'
+
+    aliases = {
+        'home_page': 'url',
+        'summary': 'description',
+        'classifier': 'classifiers',
+        'platform': 'platforms',
+    }
+
+    strict_mode = False
+    """We need to keep it loose, to be partially compatible with
+    `pbr` and `d2to1` packages which also uses `metadata` section.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, target_obj, options, ignore_option_errors=False,
+                 package_dir=None):
+        super(ConfigMetadataHandler, self).__init__(target_obj, options,
+                                                    ignore_option_errors)
+        self.package_dir = package_dir
+
+    @property
+    def parsers(self):
+        """Metadata item name to parser function mapping."""
+        parse_list = self._parse_list
+        parse_file = self._parse_file
+        parse_dict = self._parse_dict
+        exclude_files_parser = self._exclude_files_parser
+
+        return {
+            'platforms': parse_list,
+            'keywords': parse_list,
+            'provides': parse_list,
+            'requires': self._deprecated_config_handler(
+                parse_list,
+                "The requires parameter is deprecated, please use "
+                "install_requires for runtime dependencies.",
+                DeprecationWarning),
+            'obsoletes': parse_list,
+            'classifiers': self._get_parser_compound(parse_file, parse_list),
+            'license': exclude_files_parser('license'),
+            'description': parse_file,
+            'long_description': parse_file,
+            'version': self._parse_version,
+            'project_urls': parse_dict,
+        }
+
+    def _parse_version(self, value):
+        """Parses `version` option value.
+
+        :param value:
+        :rtype: str
+
+        """
+        version = self._parse_file(value)
+
+        if version != value:
+            version = version.strip()
+            # Be strict about versions loaded from file because it's easy to
+            # accidentally include newlines and other unintended content
+            if isinstance(parse(version), LegacyVersion):
+                tmpl = (
+                    'Version loaded from {value} does not '
+                    'comply with PEP 440: {version}'
+                )
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(tmpl.format(**locals()))
+
+            return version
+
+        version = self._parse_attr(value, self.package_dir)
+
+        if callable(version):
+            version = version()
+
+        if not isinstance(version, string_types):
+            if hasattr(version, '__iter__'):
+                version = '.'.join(map(str, version))
+            else:
+                version = '%s' % version
+
+        return version
+
+
+class ConfigOptionsHandler(ConfigHandler):
+
+    section_prefix = 'options'
+
+    @property
+    def parsers(self):
+        """Metadata item name to parser function mapping."""
+        parse_list = self._parse_list
+        parse_list_semicolon = partial(self._parse_list, separator=';')
+        parse_bool = self._parse_bool
+        parse_dict = self._parse_dict
+
+        return {
+            'zip_safe': parse_bool,
+            'use_2to3': parse_bool,
+            'include_package_data': parse_bool,
+            'package_dir': parse_dict,
+            'use_2to3_fixers': parse_list,
+            'use_2to3_exclude_fixers': parse_list,
+            'convert_2to3_doctests': parse_list,
+            'scripts': parse_list,
+            'eager_resources': parse_list,
+            'dependency_links': parse_list,
+            'namespace_packages': parse_list,
+            'install_requires': parse_list_semicolon,
+            'setup_requires': parse_list_semicolon,
+            'tests_require': parse_list_semicolon,
+            'packages': self._parse_packages,
+            'entry_points': self._parse_file,
+            'py_modules': parse_list,
+        }
+
+    def _parse_packages(self, value):
+        """Parses `packages` option value.
+
+        :param value:
+        :rtype: list
+        """
+        find_directives = ['find:', 'find_namespace:']
+        trimmed_value = value.strip()
+
+        if trimmed_value not in find_directives:
+            return self._parse_list(value)
+
+        findns = trimmed_value == find_directives[1]
+        if findns and not PY3:
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                'find_namespace: directive is unsupported on Python < 3.3')
+
+        # Read function arguments from a dedicated section.
+        find_kwargs = self.parse_section_packages__find(
+            self.sections.get('packages.find', {}))
+
+        if findns:
+            from setuptools import find_namespace_packages as find_packages
+        else:
+            from setuptools import find_packages
+
+        return find_packages(**find_kwargs)
+
+    def parse_section_packages__find(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `packages.find` configuration file section.
+
+        To be used in conjunction with _parse_packages().
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        section_data = self._parse_section_to_dict(
+            section_options, self._parse_list)
+
+        valid_keys = ['where', 'include', 'exclude']
+
+        find_kwargs = dict(
+            [(k, v) for k, v in section_data.items() if k in valid_keys and v])
+
+        where = find_kwargs.get('where')
+        if where is not None:
+            find_kwargs['where'] = where[0]  # cast list to single val
+
+        return find_kwargs
+
+    def parse_section_entry_points(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `entry_points` configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        parsed = self._parse_section_to_dict(section_options, self._parse_list)
+        self['entry_points'] = parsed
+
+    def _parse_package_data(self, section_options):
+        parsed = self._parse_section_to_dict(section_options, self._parse_list)
+
+        root = parsed.get('*')
+        if root:
+            parsed[''] = root
+            del parsed['*']
+
+        return parsed
+
+    def parse_section_package_data(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `package_data` configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        self['package_data'] = self._parse_package_data(section_options)
+
+    def parse_section_exclude_package_data(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `exclude_package_data` configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        self['exclude_package_data'] = self._parse_package_data(
+            section_options)
+
+    def parse_section_extras_require(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `extras_require` configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        parse_list = partial(self._parse_list, separator=';')
+        self['extras_require'] = self._parse_section_to_dict(
+            section_options, parse_list)
+
+    def parse_section_data_files(self, section_options):
+        """Parses `data_files` configuration file section.
+
+        :param dict section_options:
+        """
+        parsed = self._parse_section_to_dict(section_options, self._parse_list)
+        self['data_files'] = [(k, v) for k, v in parsed.items()]
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dep_util.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dep_util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2931c13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dep_util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from distutils.dep_util import newer_group
+
+# yes, this is was almost entirely copy-pasted from
+# 'newer_pairwise()', this is just another convenience
+# function.
+def newer_pairwise_group(sources_groups, targets):
+    """Walk both arguments in parallel, testing if each source group is newer
+    than its corresponding target. Returns a pair of lists (sources_groups,
+    targets) where sources is newer than target, according to the semantics
+    of 'newer_group()'.
+    """
+    if len(sources_groups) != len(targets):
+        raise ValueError("'sources_group' and 'targets' must be the same length")
+
+    # build a pair of lists (sources_groups, targets) where source is newer
+    n_sources = []
+    n_targets = []
+    for i in range(len(sources_groups)):
+        if newer_group(sources_groups[i], targets[i]):
+            n_sources.append(sources_groups[i])
+            n_targets.append(targets[i])
+
+    return n_sources, n_targets
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/depends.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/depends.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..45e7052
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/depends.py
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+import sys
+import imp
+import marshal
+from distutils.version import StrictVersion
+from imp import PKG_DIRECTORY, PY_COMPILED, PY_SOURCE, PY_FROZEN
+
+from .py33compat import Bytecode
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    'Require', 'find_module', 'get_module_constant', 'extract_constant'
+]
+
+
+class Require:
+    """A prerequisite to building or installing a distribution"""
+
+    def __init__(self, name, requested_version, module, homepage='',
+            attribute=None, format=None):
+
+        if format is None and requested_version is not None:
+            format = StrictVersion
+
+        if format is not None:
+            requested_version = format(requested_version)
+            if attribute is None:
+                attribute = '__version__'
+
+        self.__dict__.update(locals())
+        del self.self
+
+    def full_name(self):
+        """Return full package/distribution name, w/version"""
+        if self.requested_version is not None:
+            return '%s-%s' % (self.name, self.requested_version)
+        return self.name
+
+    def version_ok(self, version):
+        """Is 'version' sufficiently up-to-date?"""
+        return self.attribute is None or self.format is None or \
+            str(version) != "unknown" and version >= self.requested_version
+
+    def get_version(self, paths=None, default="unknown"):
+        """Get version number of installed module, 'None', or 'default'
+
+        Search 'paths' for module.  If not found, return 'None'.  If found,
+        return the extracted version attribute, or 'default' if no version
+        attribute was specified, or the value cannot be determined without
+        importing the module.  The version is formatted according to the
+        requirement's version format (if any), unless it is 'None' or the
+        supplied 'default'.
+        """
+
+        if self.attribute is None:
+            try:
+                f, p, i = find_module(self.module, paths)
+                if f:
+                    f.close()
+                return default
+            except ImportError:
+                return None
+
+        v = get_module_constant(self.module, self.attribute, default, paths)
+
+        if v is not None and v is not default and self.format is not None:
+            return self.format(v)
+
+        return v
+
+    def is_present(self, paths=None):
+        """Return true if dependency is present on 'paths'"""
+        return self.get_version(paths) is not None
+
+    def is_current(self, paths=None):
+        """Return true if dependency is present and up-to-date on 'paths'"""
+        version = self.get_version(paths)
+        if version is None:
+            return False
+        return self.version_ok(version)
+
+
+def find_module(module, paths=None):
+    """Just like 'imp.find_module()', but with package support"""
+
+    parts = module.split('.')
+
+    while parts:
+        part = parts.pop(0)
+        f, path, (suffix, mode, kind) = info = imp.find_module(part, paths)
+
+        if kind == PKG_DIRECTORY:
+            parts = parts or ['__init__']
+            paths = [path]
+
+        elif parts:
+            raise ImportError("Can't find %r in %s" % (parts, module))
+
+    return info
+
+
+def get_module_constant(module, symbol, default=-1, paths=None):
+    """Find 'module' by searching 'paths', and extract 'symbol'
+
+    Return 'None' if 'module' does not exist on 'paths', or it does not define
+    'symbol'.  If the module defines 'symbol' as a constant, return the
+    constant.  Otherwise, return 'default'."""
+
+    try:
+        f, path, (suffix, mode, kind) = find_module(module, paths)
+    except ImportError:
+        # Module doesn't exist
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        if kind == PY_COMPILED:
+            f.read(8)  # skip magic & date
+            code = marshal.load(f)
+        elif kind == PY_FROZEN:
+            code = imp.get_frozen_object(module)
+        elif kind == PY_SOURCE:
+            code = compile(f.read(), path, 'exec')
+        else:
+            # Not something we can parse; we'll have to import it.  :(
+            if module not in sys.modules:
+                imp.load_module(module, f, path, (suffix, mode, kind))
+            return getattr(sys.modules[module], symbol, None)
+
+    finally:
+        if f:
+            f.close()
+
+    return extract_constant(code, symbol, default)
+
+
+def extract_constant(code, symbol, default=-1):
+    """Extract the constant value of 'symbol' from 'code'
+
+    If the name 'symbol' is bound to a constant value by the Python code
+    object 'code', return that value.  If 'symbol' is bound to an expression,
+    return 'default'.  Otherwise, return 'None'.
+
+    Return value is based on the first assignment to 'symbol'.  'symbol' must
+    be a global, or at least a non-"fast" local in the code block.  That is,
+    only 'STORE_NAME' and 'STORE_GLOBAL' opcodes are checked, and 'symbol'
+    must be present in 'code.co_names'.
+    """
+    if symbol not in code.co_names:
+        # name's not there, can't possibly be an assignment
+        return None
+
+    name_idx = list(code.co_names).index(symbol)
+
+    STORE_NAME = 90
+    STORE_GLOBAL = 97
+    LOAD_CONST = 100
+
+    const = default
+
+    for byte_code in Bytecode(code):
+        op = byte_code.opcode
+        arg = byte_code.arg
+
+        if op == LOAD_CONST:
+            const = code.co_consts[arg]
+        elif arg == name_idx and (op == STORE_NAME or op == STORE_GLOBAL):
+            return const
+        else:
+            const = default
+
+
+def _update_globals():
+    """
+    Patch the globals to remove the objects not available on some platforms.
+
+    XXX it'd be better to test assertions about bytecode instead.
+    """
+
+    if not sys.platform.startswith('java') and sys.platform != 'cli':
+        return
+    incompatible = 'extract_constant', 'get_module_constant'
+    for name in incompatible:
+        del globals()[name]
+        __all__.remove(name)
+
+
+_update_globals()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccc17f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1285 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__all__ = ['Distribution']
+
+import io
+import sys
+import re
+import os
+import warnings
+import numbers
+import distutils.log
+import distutils.core
+import distutils.cmd
+import distutils.dist
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsOptionError
+from distutils.util import strtobool
+from distutils.debug import DEBUG
+from distutils.fancy_getopt import translate_longopt
+import itertools
+
+from collections import defaultdict
+from email import message_from_file
+
+from distutils.errors import (
+    DistutilsOptionError, DistutilsPlatformError, DistutilsSetupError,
+)
+from distutils.util import rfc822_escape
+from distutils.version import StrictVersion
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+from setuptools.extern import packaging
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import map, filter, filterfalse
+
+from . import SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning
+
+from setuptools.depends import Require
+from setuptools import windows_support
+from setuptools.monkey import get_unpatched
+from setuptools.config import parse_configuration
+from .unicode_utils import detect_encoding
+import pkg_resources
+
+__import__('setuptools.extern.packaging.specifiers')
+__import__('setuptools.extern.packaging.version')
+
+
+def _get_unpatched(cls):
+    warnings.warn("Do not call this function", DistDeprecationWarning)
+    return get_unpatched(cls)
+
+
+def get_metadata_version(self):
+    mv = getattr(self, 'metadata_version', None)
+
+    if mv is None:
+        if self.long_description_content_type or self.provides_extras:
+            mv = StrictVersion('2.1')
+        elif (self.maintainer is not None or
+              self.maintainer_email is not None or
+              getattr(self, 'python_requires', None) is not None):
+            mv = StrictVersion('1.2')
+        elif (self.provides or self.requires or self.obsoletes or
+                self.classifiers or self.download_url):
+            mv = StrictVersion('1.1')
+        else:
+            mv = StrictVersion('1.0')
+
+        self.metadata_version = mv
+
+    return mv
+
+
+def read_pkg_file(self, file):
+    """Reads the metadata values from a file object."""
+    msg = message_from_file(file)
+
+    def _read_field(name):
+        value = msg[name]
+        if value == 'UNKNOWN':
+            return None
+        return value
+
+    def _read_list(name):
+        values = msg.get_all(name, None)
+        if values == []:
+            return None
+        return values
+
+    self.metadata_version = StrictVersion(msg['metadata-version'])
+    self.name = _read_field('name')
+    self.version = _read_field('version')
+    self.description = _read_field('summary')
+    # we are filling author only.
+    self.author = _read_field('author')
+    self.maintainer = None
+    self.author_email = _read_field('author-email')
+    self.maintainer_email = None
+    self.url = _read_field('home-page')
+    self.license = _read_field('license')
+
+    if 'download-url' in msg:
+        self.download_url = _read_field('download-url')
+    else:
+        self.download_url = None
+
+    self.long_description = _read_field('description')
+    self.description = _read_field('summary')
+
+    if 'keywords' in msg:
+        self.keywords = _read_field('keywords').split(',')
+
+    self.platforms = _read_list('platform')
+    self.classifiers = _read_list('classifier')
+
+    # PEP 314 - these fields only exist in 1.1
+    if self.metadata_version == StrictVersion('1.1'):
+        self.requires = _read_list('requires')
+        self.provides = _read_list('provides')
+        self.obsoletes = _read_list('obsoletes')
+    else:
+        self.requires = None
+        self.provides = None
+        self.obsoletes = None
+
+
+# Based on Python 3.5 version
+def write_pkg_file(self, file):
+    """Write the PKG-INFO format data to a file object.
+    """
+    version = self.get_metadata_version()
+
+    if six.PY2:
+        def write_field(key, value):
+            file.write("%s: %s\n" % (key, self._encode_field(value)))
+    else:
+        def write_field(key, value):
+            file.write("%s: %s\n" % (key, value))
+
+
+    write_field('Metadata-Version', str(version))
+    write_field('Name', self.get_name())
+    write_field('Version', self.get_version())
+    write_field('Summary', self.get_description())
+    write_field('Home-page', self.get_url())
+
+    if version < StrictVersion('1.2'):
+        write_field('Author', self.get_contact())
+        write_field('Author-email', self.get_contact_email())
+    else:
+        optional_fields = (
+            ('Author', 'author'),
+            ('Author-email', 'author_email'),
+            ('Maintainer', 'maintainer'),
+            ('Maintainer-email', 'maintainer_email'),
+        )
+
+        for field, attr in optional_fields:
+            attr_val = getattr(self, attr)
+
+            if attr_val is not None:
+                write_field(field, attr_val)
+
+    write_field('License', self.get_license())
+    if self.download_url:
+        write_field('Download-URL', self.download_url)
+    for project_url in self.project_urls.items():
+        write_field('Project-URL',  '%s, %s' % project_url)
+
+    long_desc = rfc822_escape(self.get_long_description())
+    write_field('Description', long_desc)
+
+    keywords = ','.join(self.get_keywords())
+    if keywords:
+        write_field('Keywords', keywords)
+
+    if version >= StrictVersion('1.2'):
+        for platform in self.get_platforms():
+            write_field('Platform', platform)
+    else:
+        self._write_list(file, 'Platform', self.get_platforms())
+
+    self._write_list(file, 'Classifier', self.get_classifiers())
+
+    # PEP 314
+    self._write_list(file, 'Requires', self.get_requires())
+    self._write_list(file, 'Provides', self.get_provides())
+    self._write_list(file, 'Obsoletes', self.get_obsoletes())
+
+    # Setuptools specific for PEP 345
+    if hasattr(self, 'python_requires'):
+        write_field('Requires-Python', self.python_requires)
+
+    # PEP 566
+    if self.long_description_content_type:
+        write_field(
+            'Description-Content-Type',
+            self.long_description_content_type
+        )
+    if self.provides_extras:
+        for extra in sorted(self.provides_extras):
+            write_field('Provides-Extra', extra)
+
+
+sequence = tuple, list
+
+
+def check_importable(dist, attr, value):
+    try:
+        ep = pkg_resources.EntryPoint.parse('x=' + value)
+        assert not ep.extras
+    except (TypeError, ValueError, AttributeError, AssertionError):
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(
+            "%r must be importable 'module:attrs' string (got %r)"
+            % (attr, value)
+        )
+
+
+def assert_string_list(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that value is a string list or None"""
+    try:
+        assert ''.join(value) != value
+    except (TypeError, ValueError, AttributeError, AssertionError):
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(
+            "%r must be a list of strings (got %r)" % (attr, value)
+        )
+
+
+def check_nsp(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that namespace packages are valid"""
+    ns_packages = value
+    assert_string_list(dist, attr, ns_packages)
+    for nsp in ns_packages:
+        if not dist.has_contents_for(nsp):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "Distribution contains no modules or packages for " +
+                "namespace package %r" % nsp
+            )
+        parent, sep, child = nsp.rpartition('.')
+        if parent and parent not in ns_packages:
+            distutils.log.warn(
+                "WARNING: %r is declared as a package namespace, but %r"
+                " is not: please correct this in setup.py", nsp, parent
+            )
+
+
+def check_extras(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that extras_require mapping is valid"""
+    try:
+        list(itertools.starmap(_check_extra, value.items()))
+    except (TypeError, ValueError, AttributeError):
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(
+            "'extras_require' must be a dictionary whose values are "
+            "strings or lists of strings containing valid project/version "
+            "requirement specifiers."
+        )
+
+
+def _check_extra(extra, reqs):
+    name, sep, marker = extra.partition(':')
+    if marker and pkg_resources.invalid_marker(marker):
+        raise DistutilsSetupError("Invalid environment marker: " + marker)
+    list(pkg_resources.parse_requirements(reqs))
+
+
+def assert_bool(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that value is True, False, 0, or 1"""
+    if bool(value) != value:
+        tmpl = "{attr!r} must be a boolean value (got {value!r})"
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(tmpl.format(attr=attr, value=value))
+
+
+def check_requirements(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that install_requires is a valid requirements list"""
+    try:
+        list(pkg_resources.parse_requirements(value))
+        if isinstance(value, (dict, set)):
+            raise TypeError("Unordered types are not allowed")
+    except (TypeError, ValueError) as error:
+        tmpl = (
+            "{attr!r} must be a string or list of strings "
+            "containing valid project/version requirement specifiers; {error}"
+        )
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(tmpl.format(attr=attr, error=error))
+
+
+def check_specifier(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that value is a valid version specifier"""
+    try:
+        packaging.specifiers.SpecifierSet(value)
+    except packaging.specifiers.InvalidSpecifier as error:
+        tmpl = (
+            "{attr!r} must be a string "
+            "containing valid version specifiers; {error}"
+        )
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(tmpl.format(attr=attr, error=error))
+
+
+def check_entry_points(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that entry_points map is parseable"""
+    try:
+        pkg_resources.EntryPoint.parse_map(value)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        raise DistutilsSetupError(e)
+
+
+def check_test_suite(dist, attr, value):
+    if not isinstance(value, six.string_types):
+        raise DistutilsSetupError("test_suite must be a string")
+
+
+def check_package_data(dist, attr, value):
+    """Verify that value is a dictionary of package names to glob lists"""
+    if isinstance(value, dict):
+        for k, v in value.items():
+            if not isinstance(k, str):
+                break
+            try:
+                iter(v)
+            except TypeError:
+                break
+        else:
+            return
+    raise DistutilsSetupError(
+        attr + " must be a dictionary mapping package names to lists of "
+        "wildcard patterns"
+    )
+
+
+def check_packages(dist, attr, value):
+    for pkgname in value:
+        if not re.match(r'\w+(\.\w+)*', pkgname):
+            distutils.log.warn(
+                "WARNING: %r not a valid package name; please use only "
+                ".-separated package names in setup.py", pkgname
+            )
+
+
+_Distribution = get_unpatched(distutils.core.Distribution)
+
+
+class Distribution(_Distribution):
+    """Distribution with support for features, tests, and package data
+
+    This is an enhanced version of 'distutils.dist.Distribution' that
+    effectively adds the following new optional keyword arguments to 'setup()':
+
+     'install_requires' -- a string or sequence of strings specifying project
+        versions that the distribution requires when installed, in the format
+        used by 'pkg_resources.require()'.  They will be installed
+        automatically when the package is installed.  If you wish to use
+        packages that are not available in PyPI, or want to give your users an
+        alternate download location, you can add a 'find_links' option to the
+        '[easy_install]' section of your project's 'setup.cfg' file, and then
+        setuptools will scan the listed web pages for links that satisfy the
+        requirements.
+
+     'extras_require' -- a dictionary mapping names of optional "extras" to the
+        additional requirement(s) that using those extras incurs. For example,
+        this::
+
+            extras_require = dict(reST = ["docutils>=0.3", "reSTedit"])
+
+        indicates that the distribution can optionally provide an extra
+        capability called "reST", but it can only be used if docutils and
+        reSTedit are installed.  If the user installs your package using
+        EasyInstall and requests one of your extras, the corresponding
+        additional requirements will be installed if needed.
+
+     'features' **deprecated** -- a dictionary mapping option names to
+        'setuptools.Feature'
+        objects.  Features are a portion of the distribution that can be
+        included or excluded based on user options, inter-feature dependencies,
+        and availability on the current system.  Excluded features are omitted
+        from all setup commands, including source and binary distributions, so
+        you can create multiple distributions from the same source tree.
+        Feature names should be valid Python identifiers, except that they may
+        contain the '-' (minus) sign.  Features can be included or excluded
+        via the command line options '--with-X' and '--without-X', where 'X' is
+        the name of the feature.  Whether a feature is included by default, and
+        whether you are allowed to control this from the command line, is
+        determined by the Feature object.  See the 'Feature' class for more
+        information.
+
+     'test_suite' -- the name of a test suite to run for the 'test' command.
+        If the user runs 'python setup.py test', the package will be installed,
+        and the named test suite will be run.  The format is the same as
+        would be used on a 'unittest.py' command line.  That is, it is the
+        dotted name of an object to import and call to generate a test suite.
+
+     'package_data' -- a dictionary mapping package names to lists of filenames
+        or globs to use to find data files contained in the named packages.
+        If the dictionary has filenames or globs listed under '""' (the empty
+        string), those names will be searched for in every package, in addition
+        to any names for the specific package.  Data files found using these
+        names/globs will be installed along with the package, in the same
+        location as the package.  Note that globs are allowed to reference
+        the contents of non-package subdirectories, as long as you use '/' as
+        a path separator.  (Globs are automatically converted to
+        platform-specific paths at runtime.)
+
+    In addition to these new keywords, this class also has several new methods
+    for manipulating the distribution's contents.  For example, the 'include()'
+    and 'exclude()' methods can be thought of as in-place add and subtract
+    commands that add or remove packages, modules, extensions, and so on from
+    the distribution.  They are used by the feature subsystem to configure the
+    distribution for the included and excluded features.
+    """
+
+    _DISTUTILS_UNSUPPORTED_METADATA = {
+        'long_description_content_type': None,
+        'project_urls': dict,
+        'provides_extras': set,
+    }
+
+    _patched_dist = None
+
+    def patch_missing_pkg_info(self, attrs):
+        # Fake up a replacement for the data that would normally come from
+        # PKG-INFO, but which might not yet be built if this is a fresh
+        # checkout.
+        #
+        if not attrs or 'name' not in attrs or 'version' not in attrs:
+            return
+        key = pkg_resources.safe_name(str(attrs['name'])).lower()
+        dist = pkg_resources.working_set.by_key.get(key)
+        if dist is not None and not dist.has_metadata('PKG-INFO'):
+            dist._version = pkg_resources.safe_version(str(attrs['version']))
+            self._patched_dist = dist
+
+    def __init__(self, attrs=None):
+        have_package_data = hasattr(self, "package_data")
+        if not have_package_data:
+            self.package_data = {}
+        attrs = attrs or {}
+        if 'features' in attrs or 'require_features' in attrs:
+            Feature.warn_deprecated()
+        self.require_features = []
+        self.features = {}
+        self.dist_files = []
+        # Filter-out setuptools' specific options.
+        self.src_root = attrs.pop("src_root", None)
+        self.patch_missing_pkg_info(attrs)
+        self.dependency_links = attrs.pop('dependency_links', [])
+        self.setup_requires = attrs.pop('setup_requires', [])
+        for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('distutils.setup_keywords'):
+            vars(self).setdefault(ep.name, None)
+        _Distribution.__init__(self, {
+            k: v for k, v in attrs.items()
+            if k not in self._DISTUTILS_UNSUPPORTED_METADATA
+        })
+
+        # Fill-in missing metadata fields not supported by distutils.
+        # Note some fields may have been set by other tools (e.g. pbr)
+        # above; they are taken preferrentially to setup() arguments
+        for option, default in self._DISTUTILS_UNSUPPORTED_METADATA.items():
+            for source in self.metadata.__dict__, attrs:
+                if option in source:
+                    value = source[option]
+                    break
+            else:
+                value = default() if default else None
+            setattr(self.metadata, option, value)
+
+        if isinstance(self.metadata.version, numbers.Number):
+            # Some people apparently take "version number" too literally :)
+            self.metadata.version = str(self.metadata.version)
+
+        if self.metadata.version is not None:
+            try:
+                ver = packaging.version.Version(self.metadata.version)
+                normalized_version = str(ver)
+                if self.metadata.version != normalized_version:
+                    warnings.warn(
+                        "Normalizing '%s' to '%s'" % (
+                            self.metadata.version,
+                            normalized_version,
+                        )
+                    )
+                    self.metadata.version = normalized_version
+            except (packaging.version.InvalidVersion, TypeError):
+                warnings.warn(
+                    "The version specified (%r) is an invalid version, this "
+                    "may not work as expected with newer versions of "
+                    "setuptools, pip, and PyPI. Please see PEP 440 for more "
+                    "details." % self.metadata.version
+                )
+        self._finalize_requires()
+
+    def _finalize_requires(self):
+        """
+        Set `metadata.python_requires` and fix environment markers
+        in `install_requires` and `extras_require`.
+        """
+        if getattr(self, 'python_requires', None):
+            self.metadata.python_requires = self.python_requires
+
+        if getattr(self, 'extras_require', None):
+            for extra in self.extras_require.keys():
+                # Since this gets called multiple times at points where the
+                # keys have become 'converted' extras, ensure that we are only
+                # truly adding extras we haven't seen before here.
+                extra = extra.split(':')[0]
+                if extra:
+                    self.metadata.provides_extras.add(extra)
+
+        self._convert_extras_requirements()
+        self._move_install_requirements_markers()
+
+    def _convert_extras_requirements(self):
+        """
+        Convert requirements in `extras_require` of the form
+        `"extra": ["barbazquux; {marker}"]` to
+        `"extra:{marker}": ["barbazquux"]`.
+        """
+        spec_ext_reqs = getattr(self, 'extras_require', None) or {}
+        self._tmp_extras_require = defaultdict(list)
+        for section, v in spec_ext_reqs.items():
+            # Do not strip empty sections.
+            self._tmp_extras_require[section]
+            for r in pkg_resources.parse_requirements(v):
+                suffix = self._suffix_for(r)
+                self._tmp_extras_require[section + suffix].append(r)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _suffix_for(req):
+        """
+        For a requirement, return the 'extras_require' suffix for
+        that requirement.
+        """
+        return ':' + str(req.marker) if req.marker else ''
+
+    def _move_install_requirements_markers(self):
+        """
+        Move requirements in `install_requires` that are using environment
+        markers `extras_require`.
+        """
+
+        # divide the install_requires into two sets, simple ones still
+        # handled by install_requires and more complex ones handled
+        # by extras_require.
+
+        def is_simple_req(req):
+            return not req.marker
+
+        spec_inst_reqs = getattr(self, 'install_requires', None) or ()
+        inst_reqs = list(pkg_resources.parse_requirements(spec_inst_reqs))
+        simple_reqs = filter(is_simple_req, inst_reqs)
+        complex_reqs = filterfalse(is_simple_req, inst_reqs)
+        self.install_requires = list(map(str, simple_reqs))
+
+        for r in complex_reqs:
+            self._tmp_extras_require[':' + str(r.marker)].append(r)
+        self.extras_require = dict(
+            (k, [str(r) for r in map(self._clean_req, v)])
+            for k, v in self._tmp_extras_require.items()
+        )
+
+    def _clean_req(self, req):
+        """
+        Given a Requirement, remove environment markers and return it.
+        """
+        req.marker = None
+        return req
+
+    def _parse_config_files(self, filenames=None):
+        """
+        Adapted from distutils.dist.Distribution.parse_config_files,
+        this method provides the same functionality in subtly-improved
+        ways.
+        """
+        from setuptools.extern.six.moves.configparser import ConfigParser
+
+        # Ignore install directory options if we have a venv
+        if six.PY3 and sys.prefix != sys.base_prefix:
+            ignore_options = [
+                'install-base', 'install-platbase', 'install-lib',
+                'install-platlib', 'install-purelib', 'install-headers',
+                'install-scripts', 'install-data', 'prefix', 'exec-prefix',
+                'home', 'user', 'root']
+        else:
+            ignore_options = []
+
+        ignore_options = frozenset(ignore_options)
+
+        if filenames is None:
+            filenames = self.find_config_files()
+
+        if DEBUG:
+            self.announce("Distribution.parse_config_files():")
+
+        parser = ConfigParser()
+        for filename in filenames:
+            with io.open(filename, 'rb') as fp:
+                encoding = detect_encoding(fp)
+                if DEBUG:
+                    self.announce("  reading %s [%s]" % (
+                        filename, encoding or 'locale')
+                    )
+                reader = io.TextIOWrapper(fp, encoding=encoding)
+                (parser.read_file if six.PY3 else parser.readfp)(reader)
+            for section in parser.sections():
+                options = parser.options(section)
+                opt_dict = self.get_option_dict(section)
+
+                for opt in options:
+                    if opt != '__name__' and opt not in ignore_options:
+                        val = self._try_str(parser.get(section, opt))
+                        opt = opt.replace('-', '_')
+                        opt_dict[opt] = (filename, val)
+
+            # Make the ConfigParser forget everything (so we retain
+            # the original filenames that options come from)
+            parser.__init__()
+
+        # If there was a "global" section in the config file, use it
+        # to set Distribution options.
+
+        if 'global' in self.command_options:
+            for (opt, (src, val)) in self.command_options['global'].items():
+                alias = self.negative_opt.get(opt)
+                try:
+                    if alias:
+                        setattr(self, alias, not strtobool(val))
+                    elif opt in ('verbose', 'dry_run'):  # ugh!
+                        setattr(self, opt, strtobool(val))
+                    else:
+                        setattr(self, opt, val)
+                except ValueError as msg:
+                    raise DistutilsOptionError(msg)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _try_str(val):
+        """
+        On Python 2, much of distutils relies on string values being of
+        type 'str' (bytes) and not unicode text. If the value can be safely
+        encoded to bytes using the default encoding, prefer that.
+
+        Why the default encoding? Because that value can be implicitly
+        decoded back to text if needed.
+
+        Ref #1653
+        """
+        if six.PY3:
+            return val
+        try:
+            return val.encode()
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            pass
+        return val
+
+    def _set_command_options(self, command_obj, option_dict=None):
+        """
+        Set the options for 'command_obj' from 'option_dict'.  Basically
+        this means copying elements of a dictionary ('option_dict') to
+        attributes of an instance ('command').
+
+        'command_obj' must be a Command instance.  If 'option_dict' is not
+        supplied, uses the standard option dictionary for this command
+        (from 'self.command_options').
+
+        (Adopted from distutils.dist.Distribution._set_command_options)
+        """
+        command_name = command_obj.get_command_name()
+        if option_dict is None:
+            option_dict = self.get_option_dict(command_name)
+
+        if DEBUG:
+            self.announce("  setting options for '%s' command:" % command_name)
+        for (option, (source, value)) in option_dict.items():
+            if DEBUG:
+                self.announce("    %s = %s (from %s)" % (option, value,
+                                                         source))
+            try:
+                bool_opts = [translate_longopt(o)
+                             for o in command_obj.boolean_options]
+            except AttributeError:
+                bool_opts = []
+            try:
+                neg_opt = command_obj.negative_opt
+            except AttributeError:
+                neg_opt = {}
+
+            try:
+                is_string = isinstance(value, six.string_types)
+                if option in neg_opt and is_string:
+                    setattr(command_obj, neg_opt[option], not strtobool(value))
+                elif option in bool_opts and is_string:
+                    setattr(command_obj, option, strtobool(value))
+                elif hasattr(command_obj, option):
+                    setattr(command_obj, option, value)
+                else:
+                    raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                        "error in %s: command '%s' has no such option '%s'"
+                        % (source, command_name, option))
+            except ValueError as msg:
+                raise DistutilsOptionError(msg)
+
+    def parse_config_files(self, filenames=None, ignore_option_errors=False):
+        """Parses configuration files from various levels
+        and loads configuration.
+
+        """
+        self._parse_config_files(filenames=filenames)
+
+        parse_configuration(self, self.command_options,
+                            ignore_option_errors=ignore_option_errors)
+        self._finalize_requires()
+
+    def parse_command_line(self):
+        """Process features after parsing command line options"""
+        result = _Distribution.parse_command_line(self)
+        if self.features:
+            self._finalize_features()
+        return result
+
+    def _feature_attrname(self, name):
+        """Convert feature name to corresponding option attribute name"""
+        return 'with_' + name.replace('-', '_')
+
+    def fetch_build_eggs(self, requires):
+        """Resolve pre-setup requirements"""
+        resolved_dists = pkg_resources.working_set.resolve(
+            pkg_resources.parse_requirements(requires),
+            installer=self.fetch_build_egg,
+            replace_conflicting=True,
+        )
+        for dist in resolved_dists:
+            pkg_resources.working_set.add(dist, replace=True)
+        return resolved_dists
+
+    def finalize_options(self):
+        _Distribution.finalize_options(self)
+        if self.features:
+            self._set_global_opts_from_features()
+
+        for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('distutils.setup_keywords'):
+            value = getattr(self, ep.name, None)
+            if value is not None:
+                ep.require(installer=self.fetch_build_egg)
+                ep.load()(self, ep.name, value)
+        if getattr(self, 'convert_2to3_doctests', None):
+            # XXX may convert to set here when we can rely on set being builtin
+            self.convert_2to3_doctests = [
+                os.path.abspath(p)
+                for p in self.convert_2to3_doctests
+            ]
+        else:
+            self.convert_2to3_doctests = []
+
+    def get_egg_cache_dir(self):
+        egg_cache_dir = os.path.join(os.curdir, '.eggs')
+        if not os.path.exists(egg_cache_dir):
+            os.mkdir(egg_cache_dir)
+            windows_support.hide_file(egg_cache_dir)
+            readme_txt_filename = os.path.join(egg_cache_dir, 'README.txt')
+            with open(readme_txt_filename, 'w') as f:
+                f.write('This directory contains eggs that were downloaded '
+                        'by setuptools to build, test, and run plug-ins.\n\n')
+                f.write('This directory caches those eggs to prevent '
+                        'repeated downloads.\n\n')
+                f.write('However, it is safe to delete this directory.\n\n')
+
+        return egg_cache_dir
+
+    def fetch_build_egg(self, req):
+        """Fetch an egg needed for building"""
+        from setuptools.command.easy_install import easy_install
+        dist = self.__class__({'script_args': ['easy_install']})
+        opts = dist.get_option_dict('easy_install')
+        opts.clear()
+        opts.update(
+            (k, v)
+            for k, v in self.get_option_dict('easy_install').items()
+            if k in (
+                # don't use any other settings
+                'find_links', 'site_dirs', 'index_url',
+                'optimize', 'site_dirs', 'allow_hosts',
+            ))
+        if self.dependency_links:
+            links = self.dependency_links[:]
+            if 'find_links' in opts:
+                links = opts['find_links'][1] + links
+            opts['find_links'] = ('setup', links)
+        install_dir = self.get_egg_cache_dir()
+        cmd = easy_install(
+            dist, args=["x"], install_dir=install_dir,
+            exclude_scripts=True,
+            always_copy=False, build_directory=None, editable=False,
+            upgrade=False, multi_version=True, no_report=True, user=False
+        )
+        cmd.ensure_finalized()
+        return cmd.easy_install(req)
+
+    def _set_global_opts_from_features(self):
+        """Add --with-X/--without-X options based on optional features"""
+
+        go = []
+        no = self.negative_opt.copy()
+
+        for name, feature in self.features.items():
+            self._set_feature(name, None)
+            feature.validate(self)
+
+            if feature.optional:
+                descr = feature.description
+                incdef = ' (default)'
+                excdef = ''
+                if not feature.include_by_default():
+                    excdef, incdef = incdef, excdef
+
+                new = (
+                    ('with-' + name, None, 'include ' + descr + incdef),
+                    ('without-' + name, None, 'exclude ' + descr + excdef),
+                )
+                go.extend(new)
+                no['without-' + name] = 'with-' + name
+
+        self.global_options = self.feature_options = go + self.global_options
+        self.negative_opt = self.feature_negopt = no
+
+    def _finalize_features(self):
+        """Add/remove features and resolve dependencies between them"""
+
+        # First, flag all the enabled items (and thus their dependencies)
+        for name, feature in self.features.items():
+            enabled = self.feature_is_included(name)
+            if enabled or (enabled is None and feature.include_by_default()):
+                feature.include_in(self)
+                self._set_feature(name, 1)
+
+        # Then disable the rest, so that off-by-default features don't
+        # get flagged as errors when they're required by an enabled feature
+        for name, feature in self.features.items():
+            if not self.feature_is_included(name):
+                feature.exclude_from(self)
+                self._set_feature(name, 0)
+
+    def get_command_class(self, command):
+        """Pluggable version of get_command_class()"""
+        if command in self.cmdclass:
+            return self.cmdclass[command]
+
+        eps = pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('distutils.commands', command)
+        for ep in eps:
+            ep.require(installer=self.fetch_build_egg)
+            self.cmdclass[command] = cmdclass = ep.load()
+            return cmdclass
+        else:
+            return _Distribution.get_command_class(self, command)
+
+    def print_commands(self):
+        for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('distutils.commands'):
+            if ep.name not in self.cmdclass:
+                # don't require extras as the commands won't be invoked
+                cmdclass = ep.resolve()
+                self.cmdclass[ep.name] = cmdclass
+        return _Distribution.print_commands(self)
+
+    def get_command_list(self):
+        for ep in pkg_resources.iter_entry_points('distutils.commands'):
+            if ep.name not in self.cmdclass:
+                # don't require extras as the commands won't be invoked
+                cmdclass = ep.resolve()
+                self.cmdclass[ep.name] = cmdclass
+        return _Distribution.get_command_list(self)
+
+    def _set_feature(self, name, status):
+        """Set feature's inclusion status"""
+        setattr(self, self._feature_attrname(name), status)
+
+    def feature_is_included(self, name):
+        """Return 1 if feature is included, 0 if excluded, 'None' if unknown"""
+        return getattr(self, self._feature_attrname(name))
+
+    def include_feature(self, name):
+        """Request inclusion of feature named 'name'"""
+
+        if self.feature_is_included(name) == 0:
+            descr = self.features[name].description
+            raise DistutilsOptionError(
+                descr + " is required, but was excluded or is not available"
+            )
+        self.features[name].include_in(self)
+        self._set_feature(name, 1)
+
+    def include(self, **attrs):
+        """Add items to distribution that are named in keyword arguments
+
+        For example, 'dist.exclude(py_modules=["x"])' would add 'x' to
+        the distribution's 'py_modules' attribute, if it was not already
+        there.
+
+        Currently, this method only supports inclusion for attributes that are
+        lists or tuples.  If you need to add support for adding to other
+        attributes in this or a subclass, you can add an '_include_X' method,
+        where 'X' is the name of the attribute.  The method will be called with
+        the value passed to 'include()'.  So, 'dist.include(foo={"bar":"baz"})'
+        will try to call 'dist._include_foo({"bar":"baz"})', which can then
+        handle whatever special inclusion logic is needed.
+        """
+        for k, v in attrs.items():
+            include = getattr(self, '_include_' + k, None)
+            if include:
+                include(v)
+            else:
+                self._include_misc(k, v)
+
+    def exclude_package(self, package):
+        """Remove packages, modules, and extensions in named package"""
+
+        pfx = package + '.'
+        if self.packages:
+            self.packages = [
+                p for p in self.packages
+                if p != package and not p.startswith(pfx)
+            ]
+
+        if self.py_modules:
+            self.py_modules = [
+                p for p in self.py_modules
+                if p != package and not p.startswith(pfx)
+            ]
+
+        if self.ext_modules:
+            self.ext_modules = [
+                p for p in self.ext_modules
+                if p.name != package and not p.name.startswith(pfx)
+            ]
+
+    def has_contents_for(self, package):
+        """Return true if 'exclude_package(package)' would do something"""
+
+        pfx = package + '.'
+
+        for p in self.iter_distribution_names():
+            if p == package or p.startswith(pfx):
+                return True
+
+    def _exclude_misc(self, name, value):
+        """Handle 'exclude()' for list/tuple attrs without a special handler"""
+        if not isinstance(value, sequence):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "%s: setting must be a list or tuple (%r)" % (name, value)
+            )
+        try:
+            old = getattr(self, name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "%s: No such distribution setting" % name
+            )
+        if old is not None and not isinstance(old, sequence):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                name + ": this setting cannot be changed via include/exclude"
+            )
+        elif old:
+            setattr(self, name, [item for item in old if item not in value])
+
+    def _include_misc(self, name, value):
+        """Handle 'include()' for list/tuple attrs without a special handler"""
+
+        if not isinstance(value, sequence):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "%s: setting must be a list (%r)" % (name, value)
+            )
+        try:
+            old = getattr(self, name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "%s: No such distribution setting" % name
+            )
+        if old is None:
+            setattr(self, name, value)
+        elif not isinstance(old, sequence):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                name + ": this setting cannot be changed via include/exclude"
+            )
+        else:
+            new = [item for item in value if item not in old]
+            setattr(self, name, old + new)
+
+    def exclude(self, **attrs):
+        """Remove items from distribution that are named in keyword arguments
+
+        For example, 'dist.exclude(py_modules=["x"])' would remove 'x' from
+        the distribution's 'py_modules' attribute.  Excluding packages uses
+        the 'exclude_package()' method, so all of the package's contained
+        packages, modules, and extensions are also excluded.
+
+        Currently, this method only supports exclusion from attributes that are
+        lists or tuples.  If you need to add support for excluding from other
+        attributes in this or a subclass, you can add an '_exclude_X' method,
+        where 'X' is the name of the attribute.  The method will be called with
+        the value passed to 'exclude()'.  So, 'dist.exclude(foo={"bar":"baz"})'
+        will try to call 'dist._exclude_foo({"bar":"baz"})', which can then
+        handle whatever special exclusion logic is needed.
+        """
+        for k, v in attrs.items():
+            exclude = getattr(self, '_exclude_' + k, None)
+            if exclude:
+                exclude(v)
+            else:
+                self._exclude_misc(k, v)
+
+    def _exclude_packages(self, packages):
+        if not isinstance(packages, sequence):
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "packages: setting must be a list or tuple (%r)" % (packages,)
+            )
+        list(map(self.exclude_package, packages))
+
+    def _parse_command_opts(self, parser, args):
+        # Remove --with-X/--without-X options when processing command args
+        self.global_options = self.__class__.global_options
+        self.negative_opt = self.__class__.negative_opt
+
+        # First, expand any aliases
+        command = args[0]
+        aliases = self.get_option_dict('aliases')
+        while command in aliases:
+            src, alias = aliases[command]
+            del aliases[command]  # ensure each alias can expand only once!
+            import shlex
+            args[:1] = shlex.split(alias, True)
+            command = args[0]
+
+        nargs = _Distribution._parse_command_opts(self, parser, args)
+
+        # Handle commands that want to consume all remaining arguments
+        cmd_class = self.get_command_class(command)
+        if getattr(cmd_class, 'command_consumes_arguments', None):
+            self.get_option_dict(command)['args'] = ("command line", nargs)
+            if nargs is not None:
+                return []
+
+        return nargs
+
+    def get_cmdline_options(self):
+        """Return a '{cmd: {opt:val}}' map of all command-line options
+
+        Option names are all long, but do not include the leading '--', and
+        contain dashes rather than underscores.  If the option doesn't take
+        an argument (e.g. '--quiet'), the 'val' is 'None'.
+
+        Note that options provided by config files are intentionally excluded.
+        """
+
+        d = {}
+
+        for cmd, opts in self.command_options.items():
+
+            for opt, (src, val) in opts.items():
+
+                if src != "command line":
+                    continue
+
+                opt = opt.replace('_', '-')
+
+                if val == 0:
+                    cmdobj = self.get_command_obj(cmd)
+                    neg_opt = self.negative_opt.copy()
+                    neg_opt.update(getattr(cmdobj, 'negative_opt', {}))
+                    for neg, pos in neg_opt.items():
+                        if pos == opt:
+                            opt = neg
+                            val = None
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        raise AssertionError("Shouldn't be able to get here")
+
+                elif val == 1:
+                    val = None
+
+                d.setdefault(cmd, {})[opt] = val
+
+        return d
+
+    def iter_distribution_names(self):
+        """Yield all packages, modules, and extension names in distribution"""
+
+        for pkg in self.packages or ():
+            yield pkg
+
+        for module in self.py_modules or ():
+            yield module
+
+        for ext in self.ext_modules or ():
+            if isinstance(ext, tuple):
+                name, buildinfo = ext
+            else:
+                name = ext.name
+            if name.endswith('module'):
+                name = name[:-6]
+            yield name
+
+    def handle_display_options(self, option_order):
+        """If there were any non-global "display-only" options
+        (--help-commands or the metadata display options) on the command
+        line, display the requested info and return true; else return
+        false.
+        """
+        import sys
+
+        if six.PY2 or self.help_commands:
+            return _Distribution.handle_display_options(self, option_order)
+
+        # Stdout may be StringIO (e.g. in tests)
+        import io
+        if not isinstance(sys.stdout, io.TextIOWrapper):
+            return _Distribution.handle_display_options(self, option_order)
+
+        # Don't wrap stdout if utf-8 is already the encoding. Provides
+        #  workaround for #334.
+        if sys.stdout.encoding.lower() in ('utf-8', 'utf8'):
+            return _Distribution.handle_display_options(self, option_order)
+
+        # Print metadata in UTF-8 no matter the platform
+        encoding = sys.stdout.encoding
+        errors = sys.stdout.errors
+        newline = sys.platform != 'win32' and '\n' or None
+        line_buffering = sys.stdout.line_buffering
+
+        sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(
+            sys.stdout.detach(), 'utf-8', errors, newline, line_buffering)
+        try:
+            return _Distribution.handle_display_options(self, option_order)
+        finally:
+            sys.stdout = io.TextIOWrapper(
+                sys.stdout.detach(), encoding, errors, newline, line_buffering)
+
+
+class Feature:
+    """
+    **deprecated** -- The `Feature` facility was never completely implemented
+    or supported, `has reported issues
+    <https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/58>`_ and will be removed in
+    a future version.
+
+    A subset of the distribution that can be excluded if unneeded/wanted
+
+    Features are created using these keyword arguments:
+
+      'description' -- a short, human readable description of the feature, to
+         be used in error messages, and option help messages.
+
+      'standard' -- if true, the feature is included by default if it is
+         available on the current system.  Otherwise, the feature is only
+         included if requested via a command line '--with-X' option, or if
+         another included feature requires it.  The default setting is 'False'.
+
+      'available' -- if true, the feature is available for installation on the
+         current system.  The default setting is 'True'.
+
+      'optional' -- if true, the feature's inclusion can be controlled from the
+         command line, using the '--with-X' or '--without-X' options.  If
+         false, the feature's inclusion status is determined automatically,
+         based on 'availabile', 'standard', and whether any other feature
+         requires it.  The default setting is 'True'.
+
+      'require_features' -- a string or sequence of strings naming features
+         that should also be included if this feature is included.  Defaults to
+         empty list.  May also contain 'Require' objects that should be
+         added/removed from the distribution.
+
+      'remove' -- a string or list of strings naming packages to be removed
+         from the distribution if this feature is *not* included.  If the
+         feature *is* included, this argument is ignored.  This argument exists
+         to support removing features that "crosscut" a distribution, such as
+         defining a 'tests' feature that removes all the 'tests' subpackages
+         provided by other features.  The default for this argument is an empty
+         list.  (Note: the named package(s) or modules must exist in the base
+         distribution when the 'setup()' function is initially called.)
+
+      other keywords -- any other keyword arguments are saved, and passed to
+         the distribution's 'include()' and 'exclude()' methods when the
+         feature is included or excluded, respectively.  So, for example, you
+         could pass 'packages=["a","b"]' to cause packages 'a' and 'b' to be
+         added or removed from the distribution as appropriate.
+
+    A feature must include at least one 'requires', 'remove', or other
+    keyword argument.  Otherwise, it can't affect the distribution in any way.
+    Note also that you can subclass 'Feature' to create your own specialized
+    feature types that modify the distribution in other ways when included or
+    excluded.  See the docstrings for the various methods here for more detail.
+    Aside from the methods, the only feature attributes that distributions look
+    at are 'description' and 'optional'.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def warn_deprecated():
+        msg = (
+            "Features are deprecated and will be removed in a future "
+            "version. See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/65."
+        )
+        warnings.warn(msg, DistDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=3)
+
+    def __init__(
+            self, description, standard=False, available=True,
+            optional=True, require_features=(), remove=(), **extras):
+        self.warn_deprecated()
+
+        self.description = description
+        self.standard = standard
+        self.available = available
+        self.optional = optional
+        if isinstance(require_features, (str, Require)):
+            require_features = require_features,
+
+        self.require_features = [
+            r for r in require_features if isinstance(r, str)
+        ]
+        er = [r for r in require_features if not isinstance(r, str)]
+        if er:
+            extras['require_features'] = er
+
+        if isinstance(remove, str):
+            remove = remove,
+        self.remove = remove
+        self.extras = extras
+
+        if not remove and not require_features and not extras:
+            raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                "Feature %s: must define 'require_features', 'remove', or "
+                "at least one of 'packages', 'py_modules', etc."
+            )
+
+    def include_by_default(self):
+        """Should this feature be included by default?"""
+        return self.available and self.standard
+
+    def include_in(self, dist):
+        """Ensure feature and its requirements are included in distribution
+
+        You may override this in a subclass to perform additional operations on
+        the distribution.  Note that this method may be called more than once
+        per feature, and so should be idempotent.
+
+        """
+
+        if not self.available:
+            raise DistutilsPlatformError(
+                self.description + " is required, "
+                "but is not available on this platform"
+            )
+
+        dist.include(**self.extras)
+
+        for f in self.require_features:
+            dist.include_feature(f)
+
+    def exclude_from(self, dist):
+        """Ensure feature is excluded from distribution
+
+        You may override this in a subclass to perform additional operations on
+        the distribution.  This method will be called at most once per
+        feature, and only after all included features have been asked to
+        include themselves.
+        """
+
+        dist.exclude(**self.extras)
+
+        if self.remove:
+            for item in self.remove:
+                dist.exclude_package(item)
+
+    def validate(self, dist):
+        """Verify that feature makes sense in context of distribution
+
+        This method is called by the distribution just before it parses its
+        command line.  It checks to ensure that the 'remove' attribute, if any,
+        contains only valid package/module names that are present in the base
+        distribution when 'setup()' is called.  You may override it in a
+        subclass to perform any other required validation of the feature
+        against a target distribution.
+        """
+
+        for item in self.remove:
+            if not dist.has_contents_for(item):
+                raise DistutilsSetupError(
+                    "%s wants to be able to remove %s, but the distribution"
+                    " doesn't contain any packages or modules under %s"
+                    % (self.description, item, item)
+                )
+
+
+class DistDeprecationWarning(SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning):
+    """Class for warning about deprecations in dist in setuptools. Not ignored by default, unlike DeprecationWarning."""
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/extension.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/extension.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2946889
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/extension.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import re
+import functools
+import distutils.core
+import distutils.errors
+import distutils.extension
+
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import map
+
+from .monkey import get_unpatched
+
+
+def _have_cython():
+    """
+    Return True if Cython can be imported.
+    """
+    cython_impl = 'Cython.Distutils.build_ext'
+    try:
+        # from (cython_impl) import build_ext
+        __import__(cython_impl, fromlist=['build_ext']).build_ext
+        return True
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    return False
+
+
+# for compatibility
+have_pyrex = _have_cython
+
+_Extension = get_unpatched(distutils.core.Extension)
+
+
+class Extension(_Extension):
+    """Extension that uses '.c' files in place of '.pyx' files"""
+
+    def __init__(self, name, sources, *args, **kw):
+        # The *args is needed for compatibility as calls may use positional
+        # arguments. py_limited_api may be set only via keyword.
+        self.py_limited_api = kw.pop("py_limited_api", False)
+        _Extension.__init__(self, name, sources, *args, **kw)
+
+    def _convert_pyx_sources_to_lang(self):
+        """
+        Replace sources with .pyx extensions to sources with the target
+        language extension. This mechanism allows language authors to supply
+        pre-converted sources but to prefer the .pyx sources.
+        """
+        if _have_cython():
+            # the build has Cython, so allow it to compile the .pyx files
+            return
+        lang = self.language or ''
+        target_ext = '.cpp' if lang.lower() == 'c++' else '.c'
+        sub = functools.partial(re.sub, '.pyx$', target_ext)
+        self.sources = list(map(sub, self.sources))
+
+
+class Library(Extension):
+    """Just like a regular Extension, but built as a library instead"""
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/extern/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/extern/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb2fa32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/extern/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+import sys
+
+
+class VendorImporter:
+    """
+    A PEP 302 meta path importer for finding optionally-vendored
+    or otherwise naturally-installed packages from root_name.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, root_name, vendored_names=(), vendor_pkg=None):
+        self.root_name = root_name
+        self.vendored_names = set(vendored_names)
+        self.vendor_pkg = vendor_pkg or root_name.replace('extern', '_vendor')
+
+    @property
+    def search_path(self):
+        """
+        Search first the vendor package then as a natural package.
+        """
+        yield self.vendor_pkg + '.'
+        yield ''
+
+    def find_module(self, fullname, path=None):
+        """
+        Return self when fullname starts with root_name and the
+        target module is one vendored through this importer.
+        """
+        root, base, target = fullname.partition(self.root_name + '.')
+        if root:
+            return
+        if not any(map(target.startswith, self.vendored_names)):
+            return
+        return self
+
+    def load_module(self, fullname):
+        """
+        Iterate over the search path to locate and load fullname.
+        """
+        root, base, target = fullname.partition(self.root_name + '.')
+        for prefix in self.search_path:
+            try:
+                extant = prefix + target
+                __import__(extant)
+                mod = sys.modules[extant]
+                sys.modules[fullname] = mod
+                # mysterious hack:
+                # Remove the reference to the extant package/module
+                # on later Python versions to cause relative imports
+                # in the vendor package to resolve the same modules
+                # as those going through this importer.
+                if sys.version_info >= (3, ):
+                    del sys.modules[extant]
+                return mod
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
+        else:
+            raise ImportError(
+                "The '{target}' package is required; "
+                "normally this is bundled with this package so if you get "
+                "this warning, consult the packager of your "
+                "distribution.".format(**locals())
+            )
+
+    def install(self):
+        """
+        Install this importer into sys.meta_path if not already present.
+        """
+        if self not in sys.meta_path:
+            sys.meta_path.append(self)
+
+
+names = 'six', 'packaging', 'pyparsing',
+VendorImporter(__name__, names, 'setuptools._vendor').install()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/extern/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/extern/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..199a035
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/extern/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/glibc.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/glibc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a134591
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/glibc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# This file originally from pip:
+# https://github.com/pypa/pip/blob/8f4f15a5a95d7d5b511ceaee9ed261176c181970/src/pip/_internal/utils/glibc.py
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import ctypes
+import re
+import warnings
+
+
+def glibc_version_string():
+    "Returns glibc version string, or None if not using glibc."
+
+    # ctypes.CDLL(None) internally calls dlopen(NULL), and as the dlopen
+    # manpage says, "If filename is NULL, then the returned handle is for the
+    # main program". This way we can let the linker do the work to figure out
+    # which libc our process is actually using.
+    process_namespace = ctypes.CDLL(None)
+    try:
+        gnu_get_libc_version = process_namespace.gnu_get_libc_version
+    except AttributeError:
+        # Symbol doesn't exist -> therefore, we are not linked to
+        # glibc.
+        return None
+
+    # Call gnu_get_libc_version, which returns a string like "2.5"
+    gnu_get_libc_version.restype = ctypes.c_char_p
+    version_str = gnu_get_libc_version()
+    # py2 / py3 compatibility:
+    if not isinstance(version_str, str):
+        version_str = version_str.decode("ascii")
+
+    return version_str
+
+
+# Separated out from have_compatible_glibc for easier unit testing
+def check_glibc_version(version_str, required_major, minimum_minor):
+    # Parse string and check against requested version.
+    #
+    # We use a regexp instead of str.split because we want to discard any
+    # random junk that might come after the minor version -- this might happen
+    # in patched/forked versions of glibc (e.g. Linaro's version of glibc
+    # uses version strings like "2.20-2014.11"). See gh-3588.
+    m = re.match(r"(?P<major>[0-9]+)\.(?P<minor>[0-9]+)", version_str)
+    if not m:
+        warnings.warn("Expected glibc version with 2 components major.minor,"
+                      " got: %s" % version_str, RuntimeWarning)
+        return False
+    return (int(m.group("major")) == required_major and
+            int(m.group("minor")) >= minimum_minor)
+
+
+def have_compatible_glibc(required_major, minimum_minor):
+    version_str = glibc_version_string()
+    if version_str is None:
+        return False
+    return check_glibc_version(version_str, required_major, minimum_minor)
+
+
+# platform.libc_ver regularly returns completely nonsensical glibc
+# versions. E.g. on my computer, platform says:
+#
+#   ~$ python2.7 -c 'import platform; print(platform.libc_ver())'
+#   ('glibc', '2.7')
+#   ~$ python3.5 -c 'import platform; print(platform.libc_ver())'
+#   ('glibc', '2.9')
+#
+# But the truth is:
+#
+#   ~$ ldd --version
+#   ldd (Debian GLIBC 2.22-11) 2.22
+#
+# This is unfortunate, because it means that the linehaul data on libc
+# versions that was generated by pip 8.1.2 and earlier is useless and
+# misleading. Solution: instead of using platform, use our code that actually
+# works.
+def libc_ver():
+    """Try to determine the glibc version
+
+    Returns a tuple of strings (lib, version) which default to empty strings
+    in case the lookup fails.
+    """
+    glibc_version = glibc_version_string()
+    if glibc_version is None:
+        return ("", "")
+    else:
+        return ("glibc", glibc_version)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/glob.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/glob.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d7cbc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/glob.py
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+"""
+Filename globbing utility. Mostly a copy of `glob` from Python 3.5.
+
+Changes include:
+ * `yield from` and PEP3102 `*` removed.
+ * Hidden files are not ignored.
+"""
+
+import os
+import re
+import fnmatch
+
+__all__ = ["glob", "iglob", "escape"]
+
+
+def glob(pathname, recursive=False):
+    """Return a list of paths matching a pathname pattern.
+
+    The pattern may contain simple shell-style wildcards a la
+    fnmatch. However, unlike fnmatch, filenames starting with a
+    dot are special cases that are not matched by '*' and '?'
+    patterns.
+
+    If recursive is true, the pattern '**' will match any files and
+    zero or more directories and subdirectories.
+    """
+    return list(iglob(pathname, recursive=recursive))
+
+
+def iglob(pathname, recursive=False):
+    """Return an iterator which yields the paths matching a pathname pattern.
+
+    The pattern may contain simple shell-style wildcards a la
+    fnmatch. However, unlike fnmatch, filenames starting with a
+    dot are special cases that are not matched by '*' and '?'
+    patterns.
+
+    If recursive is true, the pattern '**' will match any files and
+    zero or more directories and subdirectories.
+    """
+    it = _iglob(pathname, recursive)
+    if recursive and _isrecursive(pathname):
+        s = next(it)  # skip empty string
+        assert not s
+    return it
+
+
+def _iglob(pathname, recursive):
+    dirname, basename = os.path.split(pathname)
+    if not has_magic(pathname):
+        if basename:
+            if os.path.lexists(pathname):
+                yield pathname
+        else:
+            # Patterns ending with a slash should match only directories
+            if os.path.isdir(dirname):
+                yield pathname
+        return
+    if not dirname:
+        if recursive and _isrecursive(basename):
+            for x in glob2(dirname, basename):
+                yield x
+        else:
+            for x in glob1(dirname, basename):
+                yield x
+        return
+    # `os.path.split()` returns the argument itself as a dirname if it is a
+    # drive or UNC path.  Prevent an infinite recursion if a drive or UNC path
+    # contains magic characters (i.e. r'\\?\C:').
+    if dirname != pathname and has_magic(dirname):
+        dirs = _iglob(dirname, recursive)
+    else:
+        dirs = [dirname]
+    if has_magic(basename):
+        if recursive and _isrecursive(basename):
+            glob_in_dir = glob2
+        else:
+            glob_in_dir = glob1
+    else:
+        glob_in_dir = glob0
+    for dirname in dirs:
+        for name in glob_in_dir(dirname, basename):
+            yield os.path.join(dirname, name)
+
+
+# These 2 helper functions non-recursively glob inside a literal directory.
+# They return a list of basenames. `glob1` accepts a pattern while `glob0`
+# takes a literal basename (so it only has to check for its existence).
+
+
+def glob1(dirname, pattern):
+    if not dirname:
+        if isinstance(pattern, bytes):
+            dirname = os.curdir.encode('ASCII')
+        else:
+            dirname = os.curdir
+    try:
+        names = os.listdir(dirname)
+    except OSError:
+        return []
+    return fnmatch.filter(names, pattern)
+
+
+def glob0(dirname, basename):
+    if not basename:
+        # `os.path.split()` returns an empty basename for paths ending with a
+        # directory separator.  'q*x/' should match only directories.
+        if os.path.isdir(dirname):
+            return [basename]
+    else:
+        if os.path.lexists(os.path.join(dirname, basename)):
+            return [basename]
+    return []
+
+
+# This helper function recursively yields relative pathnames inside a literal
+# directory.
+
+
+def glob2(dirname, pattern):
+    assert _isrecursive(pattern)
+    yield pattern[:0]
+    for x in _rlistdir(dirname):
+        yield x
+
+
+# Recursively yields relative pathnames inside a literal directory.
+def _rlistdir(dirname):
+    if not dirname:
+        if isinstance(dirname, bytes):
+            dirname = os.curdir.encode('ASCII')
+        else:
+            dirname = os.curdir
+    try:
+        names = os.listdir(dirname)
+    except os.error:
+        return
+    for x in names:
+        yield x
+        path = os.path.join(dirname, x) if dirname else x
+        for y in _rlistdir(path):
+            yield os.path.join(x, y)
+
+
+magic_check = re.compile('([*?[])')
+magic_check_bytes = re.compile(b'([*?[])')
+
+
+def has_magic(s):
+    if isinstance(s, bytes):
+        match = magic_check_bytes.search(s)
+    else:
+        match = magic_check.search(s)
+    return match is not None
+
+
+def _isrecursive(pattern):
+    if isinstance(pattern, bytes):
+        return pattern == b'**'
+    else:
+        return pattern == '**'
+
+
+def escape(pathname):
+    """Escape all special characters.
+    """
+    # Escaping is done by wrapping any of "*?[" between square brackets.
+    # Metacharacters do not work in the drive part and shouldn't be escaped.
+    drive, pathname = os.path.splitdrive(pathname)
+    if isinstance(pathname, bytes):
+        pathname = magic_check_bytes.sub(br'[\1]', pathname)
+    else:
+        pathname = magic_check.sub(r'[\1]', pathname)
+    return drive + pathname
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/gui-32.exe b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/gui-32.exe
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/gui.exe b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/gui.exe
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/launch.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/launch.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..308283e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/launch.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""
+Launch the Python script on the command line after
+setuptools is bootstrapped via import.
+"""
+
+# Note that setuptools gets imported implicitly by the
+# invocation of this script using python -m setuptools.launch
+
+import tokenize
+import sys
+
+
+def run():
+    """
+    Run the script in sys.argv[1] as if it had
+    been invoked naturally.
+    """
+    __builtins__
+    script_name = sys.argv[1]
+    namespace = dict(
+        __file__=script_name,
+        __name__='__main__',
+        __doc__=None,
+    )
+    sys.argv[:] = sys.argv[1:]
+
+    open_ = getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)
+    script = open_(script_name).read()
+    norm_script = script.replace('\\r\\n', '\\n')
+    code = compile(norm_script, script_name, 'exec')
+    exec(code, namespace)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    run()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/lib2to3_ex.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/lib2to3_ex.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b1a73f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/lib2to3_ex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+"""
+Customized Mixin2to3 support:
+
+ - adds support for converting doctests
+
+
+This module raises an ImportError on Python 2.
+"""
+
+from distutils.util import Mixin2to3 as _Mixin2to3
+from distutils import log
+from lib2to3.refactor import RefactoringTool, get_fixers_from_package
+
+import setuptools
+
+
+class DistutilsRefactoringTool(RefactoringTool):
+    def log_error(self, msg, *args, **kw):
+        log.error(msg, *args)
+
+    def log_message(self, msg, *args):
+        log.info(msg, *args)
+
+    def log_debug(self, msg, *args):
+        log.debug(msg, *args)
+
+
+class Mixin2to3(_Mixin2to3):
+    def run_2to3(self, files, doctests=False):
+        # See of the distribution option has been set, otherwise check the
+        # setuptools default.
+        if self.distribution.use_2to3 is not True:
+            return
+        if not files:
+            return
+        log.info("Fixing " + " ".join(files))
+        self.__build_fixer_names()
+        self.__exclude_fixers()
+        if doctests:
+            if setuptools.run_2to3_on_doctests:
+                r = DistutilsRefactoringTool(self.fixer_names)
+                r.refactor(files, write=True, doctests_only=True)
+        else:
+            _Mixin2to3.run_2to3(self, files)
+
+    def __build_fixer_names(self):
+        if self.fixer_names:
+            return
+        self.fixer_names = []
+        for p in setuptools.lib2to3_fixer_packages:
+            self.fixer_names.extend(get_fixers_from_package(p))
+        if self.distribution.use_2to3_fixers is not None:
+            for p in self.distribution.use_2to3_fixers:
+                self.fixer_names.extend(get_fixers_from_package(p))
+
+    def __exclude_fixers(self):
+        excluded_fixers = getattr(self, 'exclude_fixers', [])
+        if self.distribution.use_2to3_exclude_fixers is not None:
+            excluded_fixers.extend(self.distribution.use_2to3_exclude_fixers)
+        for fixer_name in excluded_fixers:
+            if fixer_name in self.fixer_names:
+                self.fixer_names.remove(fixer_name)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/monkey.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/monkey.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c77f8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/monkey.py
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+"""
+Monkey patching of distutils.
+"""
+
+import sys
+import distutils.filelist
+import platform
+import types
+import functools
+from importlib import import_module
+import inspect
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+
+import setuptools
+
+__all__ = []
+"""
+Everything is private. Contact the project team
+if you think you need this functionality.
+"""
+
+
+def _get_mro(cls):
+    """
+    Returns the bases classes for cls sorted by the MRO.
+
+    Works around an issue on Jython where inspect.getmro will not return all
+    base classes if multiple classes share the same name. Instead, this
+    function will return a tuple containing the class itself, and the contents
+    of cls.__bases__. See https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/issues/1024.
+    """
+    if platform.python_implementation() == "Jython":
+        return (cls,) + cls.__bases__
+    return inspect.getmro(cls)
+
+
+def get_unpatched(item):
+    lookup = (
+        get_unpatched_class if isinstance(item, six.class_types) else
+        get_unpatched_function if isinstance(item, types.FunctionType) else
+        lambda item: None
+    )
+    return lookup(item)
+
+
+def get_unpatched_class(cls):
+    """Protect against re-patching the distutils if reloaded
+
+    Also ensures that no other distutils extension monkeypatched the distutils
+    first.
+    """
+    external_bases = (
+        cls
+        for cls in _get_mro(cls)
+        if not cls.__module__.startswith('setuptools')
+    )
+    base = next(external_bases)
+    if not base.__module__.startswith('distutils'):
+        msg = "distutils has already been patched by %r" % cls
+        raise AssertionError(msg)
+    return base
+
+
+def patch_all():
+    # we can't patch distutils.cmd, alas
+    distutils.core.Command = setuptools.Command
+
+    has_issue_12885 = sys.version_info <= (3, 5, 3)
+
+    if has_issue_12885:
+        # fix findall bug in distutils (http://bugs.python.org/issue12885)
+        distutils.filelist.findall = setuptools.findall
+
+    needs_warehouse = (
+        sys.version_info < (2, 7, 13)
+        or
+        (3, 4) < sys.version_info < (3, 4, 6)
+        or
+        (3, 5) < sys.version_info <= (3, 5, 3)
+    )
+
+    if needs_warehouse:
+        warehouse = 'https://upload.pypi.org/legacy/'
+        distutils.config.PyPIRCCommand.DEFAULT_REPOSITORY = warehouse
+
+    _patch_distribution_metadata()
+
+    # Install Distribution throughout the distutils
+    for module in distutils.dist, distutils.core, distutils.cmd:
+        module.Distribution = setuptools.dist.Distribution
+
+    # Install the patched Extension
+    distutils.core.Extension = setuptools.extension.Extension
+    distutils.extension.Extension = setuptools.extension.Extension
+    if 'distutils.command.build_ext' in sys.modules:
+        sys.modules['distutils.command.build_ext'].Extension = (
+            setuptools.extension.Extension
+        )
+
+    patch_for_msvc_specialized_compiler()
+
+
+def _patch_distribution_metadata():
+    """Patch write_pkg_file and read_pkg_file for higher metadata standards"""
+    for attr in ('write_pkg_file', 'read_pkg_file', 'get_metadata_version'):
+        new_val = getattr(setuptools.dist, attr)
+        setattr(distutils.dist.DistributionMetadata, attr, new_val)
+
+
+def patch_func(replacement, target_mod, func_name):
+    """
+    Patch func_name in target_mod with replacement
+
+    Important - original must be resolved by name to avoid
+    patching an already patched function.
+    """
+    original = getattr(target_mod, func_name)
+
+    # set the 'unpatched' attribute on the replacement to
+    # point to the original.
+    vars(replacement).setdefault('unpatched', original)
+
+    # replace the function in the original module
+    setattr(target_mod, func_name, replacement)
+
+
+def get_unpatched_function(candidate):
+    return getattr(candidate, 'unpatched')
+
+
+def patch_for_msvc_specialized_compiler():
+    """
+    Patch functions in distutils to use standalone Microsoft Visual C++
+    compilers.
+    """
+    # import late to avoid circular imports on Python < 3.5
+    msvc = import_module('setuptools.msvc')
+
+    if platform.system() != 'Windows':
+        # Compilers only availables on Microsoft Windows
+        return
+
+    def patch_params(mod_name, func_name):
+        """
+        Prepare the parameters for patch_func to patch indicated function.
+        """
+        repl_prefix = 'msvc9_' if 'msvc9' in mod_name else 'msvc14_'
+        repl_name = repl_prefix + func_name.lstrip('_')
+        repl = getattr(msvc, repl_name)
+        mod = import_module(mod_name)
+        if not hasattr(mod, func_name):
+            raise ImportError(func_name)
+        return repl, mod, func_name
+
+    # Python 2.7 to 3.4
+    msvc9 = functools.partial(patch_params, 'distutils.msvc9compiler')
+
+    # Python 3.5+
+    msvc14 = functools.partial(patch_params, 'distutils._msvccompiler')
+
+    try:
+        # Patch distutils.msvc9compiler
+        patch_func(*msvc9('find_vcvarsall'))
+        patch_func(*msvc9('query_vcvarsall'))
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        # Patch distutils._msvccompiler._get_vc_env
+        patch_func(*msvc14('_get_vc_env'))
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
+
+    try:
+        # Patch distutils._msvccompiler.gen_lib_options for Numpy
+        patch_func(*msvc14('gen_lib_options'))
+    except ImportError:
+        pass
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/msvc.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/msvc.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b9c472f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/msvc.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1301 @@
+"""
+Improved support for Microsoft Visual C++ compilers.
+
+Known supported compilers:
+--------------------------
+Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0:
+    Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7 (x86, amd64)
+    Microsoft Windows SDK 6.1 (x86, x64, ia64)
+    Microsoft Windows SDK 7.0 (x86, x64, ia64)
+
+Microsoft Visual C++ 10.0:
+    Microsoft Windows SDK 7.1 (x86, x64, ia64)
+
+Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0:
+    Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools 2015 (x86, x64, arm)
+    Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 (x86, x64, arm, arm64)
+    Microsoft Visual Studio Build Tools 2017 (x86, x64, arm, arm64)
+"""
+
+import os
+import sys
+import platform
+import itertools
+import distutils.errors
+from setuptools.extern.packaging.version import LegacyVersion
+
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import filterfalse
+
+from .monkey import get_unpatched
+
+if platform.system() == 'Windows':
+    from setuptools.extern.six.moves import winreg
+    safe_env = os.environ
+else:
+    """
+    Mock winreg and environ so the module can be imported
+    on this platform.
+    """
+
+    class winreg:
+        HKEY_USERS = None
+        HKEY_CURRENT_USER = None
+        HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE = None
+        HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT = None
+
+    safe_env = dict()
+
+_msvc9_suppress_errors = (
+    # msvc9compiler isn't available on some platforms
+    ImportError,
+
+    # msvc9compiler raises DistutilsPlatformError in some
+    # environments. See #1118.
+    distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError,
+)
+
+try:
+    from distutils.msvc9compiler import Reg
+except _msvc9_suppress_errors:
+    pass
+
+
+def msvc9_find_vcvarsall(version):
+    """
+    Patched "distutils.msvc9compiler.find_vcvarsall" to use the standalone
+    compiler build for Python (VCForPython). Fall back to original behavior
+    when the standalone compiler is not available.
+
+    Redirect the path of "vcvarsall.bat".
+
+    Known supported compilers
+    -------------------------
+    Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0:
+        Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7 (x86, amd64)
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    version: float
+        Required Microsoft Visual C++ version.
+
+    Return
+    ------
+    vcvarsall.bat path: str
+    """
+    VC_BASE = r'Software\%sMicrosoft\DevDiv\VCForPython\%0.1f'
+    key = VC_BASE % ('', version)
+    try:
+        # Per-user installs register the compiler path here
+        productdir = Reg.get_value(key, "installdir")
+    except KeyError:
+        try:
+            # All-user installs on a 64-bit system register here
+            key = VC_BASE % ('Wow6432Node\\', version)
+            productdir = Reg.get_value(key, "installdir")
+        except KeyError:
+            productdir = None
+
+    if productdir:
+        vcvarsall = os.path.os.path.join(productdir, "vcvarsall.bat")
+        if os.path.isfile(vcvarsall):
+            return vcvarsall
+
+    return get_unpatched(msvc9_find_vcvarsall)(version)
+
+
+def msvc9_query_vcvarsall(ver, arch='x86', *args, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Patched "distutils.msvc9compiler.query_vcvarsall" for support extra
+    compilers.
+
+    Set environment without use of "vcvarsall.bat".
+
+    Known supported compilers
+    -------------------------
+    Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0:
+        Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python 2.7 (x86, amd64)
+        Microsoft Windows SDK 6.1 (x86, x64, ia64)
+        Microsoft Windows SDK 7.0 (x86, x64, ia64)
+
+    Microsoft Visual C++ 10.0:
+        Microsoft Windows SDK 7.1 (x86, x64, ia64)
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    ver: float
+        Required Microsoft Visual C++ version.
+    arch: str
+        Target architecture.
+
+    Return
+    ------
+    environment: dict
+    """
+    # Try to get environement from vcvarsall.bat (Classical way)
+    try:
+        orig = get_unpatched(msvc9_query_vcvarsall)
+        return orig(ver, arch, *args, **kwargs)
+    except distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError:
+        # Pass error if Vcvarsall.bat is missing
+        pass
+    except ValueError:
+        # Pass error if environment not set after executing vcvarsall.bat
+        pass
+
+    # If error, try to set environment directly
+    try:
+        return EnvironmentInfo(arch, ver).return_env()
+    except distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError as exc:
+        _augment_exception(exc, ver, arch)
+        raise
+
+
+def msvc14_get_vc_env(plat_spec):
+    """
+    Patched "distutils._msvccompiler._get_vc_env" for support extra
+    compilers.
+
+    Set environment without use of "vcvarsall.bat".
+
+    Known supported compilers
+    -------------------------
+    Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0:
+        Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools 2015 (x86, x64, arm)
+        Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 (x86, x64, arm, arm64)
+        Microsoft Visual Studio Build Tools 2017 (x86, x64, arm, arm64)
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    plat_spec: str
+        Target architecture.
+
+    Return
+    ------
+    environment: dict
+    """
+    # Try to get environment from vcvarsall.bat (Classical way)
+    try:
+        return get_unpatched(msvc14_get_vc_env)(plat_spec)
+    except distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError:
+        # Pass error Vcvarsall.bat is missing
+        pass
+
+    # If error, try to set environment directly
+    try:
+        return EnvironmentInfo(plat_spec, vc_min_ver=14.0).return_env()
+    except distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError as exc:
+        _augment_exception(exc, 14.0)
+        raise
+
+
+def msvc14_gen_lib_options(*args, **kwargs):
+    """
+    Patched "distutils._msvccompiler.gen_lib_options" for fix
+    compatibility between "numpy.distutils" and "distutils._msvccompiler"
+    (for Numpy < 1.11.2)
+    """
+    if "numpy.distutils" in sys.modules:
+        import numpy as np
+        if LegacyVersion(np.__version__) < LegacyVersion('1.11.2'):
+            return np.distutils.ccompiler.gen_lib_options(*args, **kwargs)
+    return get_unpatched(msvc14_gen_lib_options)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _augment_exception(exc, version, arch=''):
+    """
+    Add details to the exception message to help guide the user
+    as to what action will resolve it.
+    """
+    # Error if MSVC++ directory not found or environment not set
+    message = exc.args[0]
+
+    if "vcvarsall" in message.lower() or "visual c" in message.lower():
+        # Special error message if MSVC++ not installed
+        tmpl = 'Microsoft Visual C++ {version:0.1f} is required.'
+        message = tmpl.format(**locals())
+        msdownload = 'www.microsoft.com/download/details.aspx?id=%d'
+        if version == 9.0:
+            if arch.lower().find('ia64') > -1:
+                # For VC++ 9.0, if IA64 support is needed, redirect user
+                # to Windows SDK 7.0
+                message += ' Get it with "Microsoft Windows SDK 7.0": '
+                message += msdownload % 3138
+            else:
+                # For VC++ 9.0 redirect user to Vc++ for Python 2.7 :
+                # This redirection link is maintained by Microsoft.
+                # Contact vspython@microsoft.com if it needs updating.
+                message += ' Get it from http://aka.ms/vcpython27'
+        elif version == 10.0:
+            # For VC++ 10.0 Redirect user to Windows SDK 7.1
+            message += ' Get it with "Microsoft Windows SDK 7.1": '
+            message += msdownload % 8279
+        elif version >= 14.0:
+            # For VC++ 14.0 Redirect user to Visual C++ Build Tools
+            message += (' Get it with "Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools": '
+                        r'https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/')
+
+    exc.args = (message, )
+
+
+class PlatformInfo:
+    """
+    Current and Target Architectures informations.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    arch: str
+        Target architecture.
+    """
+    current_cpu = safe_env.get('processor_architecture', '').lower()
+
+    def __init__(self, arch):
+        self.arch = arch.lower().replace('x64', 'amd64')
+
+    @property
+    def target_cpu(self):
+        return self.arch[self.arch.find('_') + 1:]
+
+    def target_is_x86(self):
+        return self.target_cpu == 'x86'
+
+    def current_is_x86(self):
+        return self.current_cpu == 'x86'
+
+    def current_dir(self, hidex86=False, x64=False):
+        """
+        Current platform specific subfolder.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        hidex86: bool
+            return '' and not '\x86' if architecture is x86.
+        x64: bool
+            return '\x64' and not '\amd64' if architecture is amd64.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        subfolder: str
+            '\target', or '' (see hidex86 parameter)
+        """
+        return (
+            '' if (self.current_cpu == 'x86' and hidex86) else
+            r'\x64' if (self.current_cpu == 'amd64' and x64) else
+            r'\%s' % self.current_cpu
+        )
+
+    def target_dir(self, hidex86=False, x64=False):
+        r"""
+        Target platform specific subfolder.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        hidex86: bool
+            return '' and not '\x86' if architecture is x86.
+        x64: bool
+            return '\x64' and not '\amd64' if architecture is amd64.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        subfolder: str
+            '\current', or '' (see hidex86 parameter)
+        """
+        return (
+            '' if (self.target_cpu == 'x86' and hidex86) else
+            r'\x64' if (self.target_cpu == 'amd64' and x64) else
+            r'\%s' % self.target_cpu
+        )
+
+    def cross_dir(self, forcex86=False):
+        r"""
+        Cross platform specific subfolder.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        forcex86: bool
+            Use 'x86' as current architecture even if current acritecture is
+            not x86.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        subfolder: str
+            '' if target architecture is current architecture,
+            '\current_target' if not.
+        """
+        current = 'x86' if forcex86 else self.current_cpu
+        return (
+            '' if self.target_cpu == current else
+            self.target_dir().replace('\\', '\\%s_' % current)
+        )
+
+
+class RegistryInfo:
+    """
+    Microsoft Visual Studio related registry informations.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    platform_info: PlatformInfo
+        "PlatformInfo" instance.
+    """
+    HKEYS = (winreg.HKEY_USERS,
+             winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
+             winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
+             winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT)
+
+    def __init__(self, platform_info):
+        self.pi = platform_info
+
+    @property
+    def visualstudio(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio root registry key.
+        """
+        return 'VisualStudio'
+
+    @property
+    def sxs(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio SxS registry key.
+        """
+        return os.path.join(self.visualstudio, 'SxS')
+
+    @property
+    def vc(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ VC7 registry key.
+        """
+        return os.path.join(self.sxs, 'VC7')
+
+    @property
+    def vs(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio VS7 registry key.
+        """
+        return os.path.join(self.sxs, 'VS7')
+
+    @property
+    def vc_for_python(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ for Python registry key.
+        """
+        return r'DevDiv\VCForPython'
+
+    @property
+    def microsoft_sdk(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft SDK registry key.
+        """
+        return 'Microsoft SDKs'
+
+    @property
+    def windows_sdk(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows/Platform SDK registry key.
+        """
+        return os.path.join(self.microsoft_sdk, 'Windows')
+
+    @property
+    def netfx_sdk(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework SDK registry key.
+        """
+        return os.path.join(self.microsoft_sdk, 'NETFXSDK')
+
+    @property
+    def windows_kits_roots(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows Kits Roots registry key.
+        """
+        return r'Windows Kits\Installed Roots'
+
+    def microsoft(self, key, x86=False):
+        """
+        Return key in Microsoft software registry.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        key: str
+            Registry key path where look.
+        x86: str
+            Force x86 software registry.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str: value
+        """
+        node64 = '' if self.pi.current_is_x86() or x86 else 'Wow6432Node'
+        return os.path.join('Software', node64, 'Microsoft', key)
+
+    def lookup(self, key, name):
+        """
+        Look for values in registry in Microsoft software registry.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        key: str
+            Registry key path where look.
+        name: str
+            Value name to find.
+
+        Return
+        ------
+        str: value
+        """
+        KEY_READ = winreg.KEY_READ
+        openkey = winreg.OpenKey
+        ms = self.microsoft
+        for hkey in self.HKEYS:
+            try:
+                bkey = openkey(hkey, ms(key), 0, KEY_READ)
+            except (OSError, IOError):
+                if not self.pi.current_is_x86():
+                    try:
+                        bkey = openkey(hkey, ms(key, True), 0, KEY_READ)
+                    except (OSError, IOError):
+                        continue
+                else:
+                    continue
+            try:
+                return winreg.QueryValueEx(bkey, name)[0]
+            except (OSError, IOError):
+                pass
+
+
+class SystemInfo:
+    """
+    Microsoft Windows and Visual Studio related system inormations.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    registry_info: RegistryInfo
+        "RegistryInfo" instance.
+    vc_ver: float
+        Required Microsoft Visual C++ version.
+    """
+
+    # Variables and properties in this class use originals CamelCase variables
+    # names from Microsoft source files for more easy comparaison.
+    WinDir = safe_env.get('WinDir', '')
+    ProgramFiles = safe_env.get('ProgramFiles', '')
+    ProgramFilesx86 = safe_env.get('ProgramFiles(x86)', ProgramFiles)
+
+    def __init__(self, registry_info, vc_ver=None):
+        self.ri = registry_info
+        self.pi = self.ri.pi
+        self.vc_ver = vc_ver or self._find_latest_available_vc_ver()
+
+    def _find_latest_available_vc_ver(self):
+        try:
+            return self.find_available_vc_vers()[-1]
+        except IndexError:
+            err = 'No Microsoft Visual C++ version found'
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(err)
+
+    def find_available_vc_vers(self):
+        """
+        Find all available Microsoft Visual C++ versions.
+        """
+        ms = self.ri.microsoft
+        vckeys = (self.ri.vc, self.ri.vc_for_python, self.ri.vs)
+        vc_vers = []
+        for hkey in self.ri.HKEYS:
+            for key in vckeys:
+                try:
+                    bkey = winreg.OpenKey(hkey, ms(key), 0, winreg.KEY_READ)
+                except (OSError, IOError):
+                    continue
+                subkeys, values, _ = winreg.QueryInfoKey(bkey)
+                for i in range(values):
+                    try:
+                        ver = float(winreg.EnumValue(bkey, i)[0])
+                        if ver not in vc_vers:
+                            vc_vers.append(ver)
+                    except ValueError:
+                        pass
+                for i in range(subkeys):
+                    try:
+                        ver = float(winreg.EnumKey(bkey, i))
+                        if ver not in vc_vers:
+                            vc_vers.append(ver)
+                    except ValueError:
+                        pass
+        return sorted(vc_vers)
+
+    @property
+    def VSInstallDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio directory.
+        """
+        # Default path
+        name = 'Microsoft Visual Studio %0.1f' % self.vc_ver
+        default = os.path.join(self.ProgramFilesx86, name)
+
+        # Try to get path from registry, if fail use default path
+        return self.ri.lookup(self.ri.vs, '%0.1f' % self.vc_ver) or default
+
+    @property
+    def VCInstallDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ directory.
+        """
+        self.VSInstallDir
+
+        guess_vc = self._guess_vc() or self._guess_vc_legacy()
+
+        # Try to get "VC++ for Python" path from registry as default path
+        reg_path = os.path.join(self.ri.vc_for_python, '%0.1f' % self.vc_ver)
+        python_vc = self.ri.lookup(reg_path, 'installdir')
+        default_vc = os.path.join(python_vc, 'VC') if python_vc else guess_vc
+
+        # Try to get path from registry, if fail use default path
+        path = self.ri.lookup(self.ri.vc, '%0.1f' % self.vc_ver) or default_vc
+
+        if not os.path.isdir(path):
+            msg = 'Microsoft Visual C++ directory not found'
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(msg)
+
+        return path
+
+    def _guess_vc(self):
+        """
+        Locate Visual C for 2017
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver <= 14.0:
+            return
+
+        default = r'VC\Tools\MSVC'
+        guess_vc = os.path.join(self.VSInstallDir, default)
+        # Subdir with VC exact version as name
+        try:
+            vc_exact_ver = os.listdir(guess_vc)[-1]
+            return os.path.join(guess_vc, vc_exact_ver)
+        except (OSError, IOError, IndexError):
+            pass
+
+    def _guess_vc_legacy(self):
+        """
+        Locate Visual C for versions prior to 2017
+        """
+        default = r'Microsoft Visual Studio %0.1f\VC' % self.vc_ver
+        return os.path.join(self.ProgramFilesx86, default)
+
+    @property
+    def WindowsSdkVersion(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK versions for specified MSVC++ version.
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver <= 9.0:
+            return ('7.0', '6.1', '6.0a')
+        elif self.vc_ver == 10.0:
+            return ('7.1', '7.0a')
+        elif self.vc_ver == 11.0:
+            return ('8.0', '8.0a')
+        elif self.vc_ver == 12.0:
+            return ('8.1', '8.1a')
+        elif self.vc_ver >= 14.0:
+            return ('10.0', '8.1')
+
+    @property
+    def WindowsSdkLastVersion(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK last version
+        """
+        return self._use_last_dir_name(os.path.join(
+            self.WindowsSdkDir, 'lib'))
+
+    @property
+    def WindowsSdkDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK directory.
+        """
+        sdkdir = ''
+        for ver in self.WindowsSdkVersion:
+            # Try to get it from registry
+            loc = os.path.join(self.ri.windows_sdk, 'v%s' % ver)
+            sdkdir = self.ri.lookup(loc, 'installationfolder')
+            if sdkdir:
+                break
+        if not sdkdir or not os.path.isdir(sdkdir):
+            # Try to get "VC++ for Python" version from registry
+            path = os.path.join(self.ri.vc_for_python, '%0.1f' % self.vc_ver)
+            install_base = self.ri.lookup(path, 'installdir')
+            if install_base:
+                sdkdir = os.path.join(install_base, 'WinSDK')
+        if not sdkdir or not os.path.isdir(sdkdir):
+            # If fail, use default new path
+            for ver in self.WindowsSdkVersion:
+                intver = ver[:ver.rfind('.')]
+                path = r'Microsoft SDKs\Windows Kits\%s' % (intver)
+                d = os.path.join(self.ProgramFiles, path)
+                if os.path.isdir(d):
+                    sdkdir = d
+        if not sdkdir or not os.path.isdir(sdkdir):
+            # If fail, use default old path
+            for ver in self.WindowsSdkVersion:
+                path = r'Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v%s' % ver
+                d = os.path.join(self.ProgramFiles, path)
+                if os.path.isdir(d):
+                    sdkdir = d
+        if not sdkdir:
+            # If fail, use Platform SDK
+            sdkdir = os.path.join(self.VCInstallDir, 'PlatformSDK')
+        return sdkdir
+
+    @property
+    def WindowsSDKExecutablePath(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK executable directory.
+        """
+        # Find WinSDK NetFx Tools registry dir name
+        if self.vc_ver <= 11.0:
+            netfxver = 35
+            arch = ''
+        else:
+            netfxver = 40
+            hidex86 = True if self.vc_ver <= 12.0 else False
+            arch = self.pi.current_dir(x64=True, hidex86=hidex86)
+        fx = 'WinSDK-NetFx%dTools%s' % (netfxver, arch.replace('\\', '-'))
+
+        # liste all possibles registry paths
+        regpaths = []
+        if self.vc_ver >= 14.0:
+            for ver in self.NetFxSdkVersion:
+                regpaths += [os.path.join(self.ri.netfx_sdk, ver, fx)]
+
+        for ver in self.WindowsSdkVersion:
+            regpaths += [os.path.join(self.ri.windows_sdk, 'v%sA' % ver, fx)]
+
+        # Return installation folder from the more recent path
+        for path in regpaths:
+            execpath = self.ri.lookup(path, 'installationfolder')
+            if execpath:
+                break
+        return execpath
+
+    @property
+    def FSharpInstallDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual F# directory.
+        """
+        path = r'%0.1f\Setup\F#' % self.vc_ver
+        path = os.path.join(self.ri.visualstudio, path)
+        return self.ri.lookup(path, 'productdir') or ''
+
+    @property
+    def UniversalCRTSdkDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Universal CRT SDK directory.
+        """
+        # Set Kit Roots versions for specified MSVC++ version
+        if self.vc_ver >= 14.0:
+            vers = ('10', '81')
+        else:
+            vers = ()
+
+        # Find path of the more recent Kit
+        for ver in vers:
+            sdkdir = self.ri.lookup(self.ri.windows_kits_roots,
+                                    'kitsroot%s' % ver)
+            if sdkdir:
+                break
+        return sdkdir or ''
+
+    @property
+    def UniversalCRTSdkLastVersion(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Universal C Runtime SDK last version
+        """
+        return self._use_last_dir_name(os.path.join(
+            self.UniversalCRTSdkDir, 'lib'))
+
+    @property
+    def NetFxSdkVersion(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework SDK versions.
+        """
+        # Set FxSdk versions for specified MSVC++ version
+        if self.vc_ver >= 14.0:
+            return ('4.6.1', '4.6')
+        else:
+            return ()
+
+    @property
+    def NetFxSdkDir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework SDK directory.
+        """
+        for ver in self.NetFxSdkVersion:
+            loc = os.path.join(self.ri.netfx_sdk, ver)
+            sdkdir = self.ri.lookup(loc, 'kitsinstallationfolder')
+            if sdkdir:
+                break
+        return sdkdir or ''
+
+    @property
+    def FrameworkDir32(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework 32bit directory.
+        """
+        # Default path
+        guess_fw = os.path.join(self.WinDir, r'Microsoft.NET\Framework')
+
+        # Try to get path from registry, if fail use default path
+        return self.ri.lookup(self.ri.vc, 'frameworkdir32') or guess_fw
+
+    @property
+    def FrameworkDir64(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework 64bit directory.
+        """
+        # Default path
+        guess_fw = os.path.join(self.WinDir, r'Microsoft.NET\Framework64')
+
+        # Try to get path from registry, if fail use default path
+        return self.ri.lookup(self.ri.vc, 'frameworkdir64') or guess_fw
+
+    @property
+    def FrameworkVersion32(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework 32bit versions.
+        """
+        return self._find_dot_net_versions(32)
+
+    @property
+    def FrameworkVersion64(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework 64bit versions.
+        """
+        return self._find_dot_net_versions(64)
+
+    def _find_dot_net_versions(self, bits):
+        """
+        Find Microsoft .NET Framework versions.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        bits: int
+            Platform number of bits: 32 or 64.
+        """
+        # Find actual .NET version in registry
+        reg_ver = self.ri.lookup(self.ri.vc, 'frameworkver%d' % bits)
+        dot_net_dir = getattr(self, 'FrameworkDir%d' % bits)
+        ver = reg_ver or self._use_last_dir_name(dot_net_dir, 'v') or ''
+
+        # Set .NET versions for specified MSVC++ version
+        if self.vc_ver >= 12.0:
+            frameworkver = (ver, 'v4.0')
+        elif self.vc_ver >= 10.0:
+            frameworkver = ('v4.0.30319' if ver.lower()[:2] != 'v4' else ver,
+                            'v3.5')
+        elif self.vc_ver == 9.0:
+            frameworkver = ('v3.5', 'v2.0.50727')
+        if self.vc_ver == 8.0:
+            frameworkver = ('v3.0', 'v2.0.50727')
+        return frameworkver
+
+    def _use_last_dir_name(self, path, prefix=''):
+        """
+        Return name of the last dir in path or '' if no dir found.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        path: str
+            Use dirs in this path
+        prefix: str
+            Use only dirs startings by this prefix
+        """
+        matching_dirs = (
+            dir_name
+            for dir_name in reversed(os.listdir(path))
+            if os.path.isdir(os.path.join(path, dir_name)) and
+            dir_name.startswith(prefix)
+        )
+        return next(matching_dirs, None) or ''
+
+
+class EnvironmentInfo:
+    """
+    Return environment variables for specified Microsoft Visual C++ version
+    and platform : Lib, Include, Path and libpath.
+
+    This function is compatible with Microsoft Visual C++ 9.0 to 14.0.
+
+    Script created by analysing Microsoft environment configuration files like
+    "vcvars[...].bat", "SetEnv.Cmd", "vcbuildtools.bat", ...
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    arch: str
+        Target architecture.
+    vc_ver: float
+        Required Microsoft Visual C++ version. If not set, autodetect the last
+        version.
+    vc_min_ver: float
+        Minimum Microsoft Visual C++ version.
+    """
+
+    # Variables and properties in this class use originals CamelCase variables
+    # names from Microsoft source files for more easy comparaison.
+
+    def __init__(self, arch, vc_ver=None, vc_min_ver=0):
+        self.pi = PlatformInfo(arch)
+        self.ri = RegistryInfo(self.pi)
+        self.si = SystemInfo(self.ri, vc_ver)
+
+        if self.vc_ver < vc_min_ver:
+            err = 'No suitable Microsoft Visual C++ version found'
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(err)
+
+    @property
+    def vc_ver(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ version.
+        """
+        return self.si.vc_ver
+
+    @property
+    def VSTools(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio Tools
+        """
+        paths = [r'Common7\IDE', r'Common7\Tools']
+
+        if self.vc_ver >= 14.0:
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.current_dir(hidex86=True, x64=True)
+            paths += [r'Common7\IDE\CommonExtensions\Microsoft\TestWindow']
+            paths += [r'Team Tools\Performance Tools']
+            paths += [r'Team Tools\Performance Tools%s' % arch_subdir]
+
+        return [os.path.join(self.si.VSInstallDir, path) for path in paths]
+
+    @property
+    def VCIncludes(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ & Microsoft Foundation Class Includes
+        """
+        return [os.path.join(self.si.VCInstallDir, 'Include'),
+                os.path.join(self.si.VCInstallDir, r'ATLMFC\Include')]
+
+    @property
+    def VCLibraries(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ & Microsoft Foundation Class Libraries
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver >= 15.0:
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(x64=True)
+        else:
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(hidex86=True)
+        paths = ['Lib%s' % arch_subdir, r'ATLMFC\Lib%s' % arch_subdir]
+
+        if self.vc_ver >= 14.0:
+            paths += [r'Lib\store%s' % arch_subdir]
+
+        return [os.path.join(self.si.VCInstallDir, path) for path in paths]
+
+    @property
+    def VCStoreRefs(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ store references Libraries
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver < 14.0:
+            return []
+        return [os.path.join(self.si.VCInstallDir, r'Lib\store\references')]
+
+    @property
+    def VCTools(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ Tools
+        """
+        si = self.si
+        tools = [os.path.join(si.VCInstallDir, 'VCPackages')]
+
+        forcex86 = True if self.vc_ver <= 10.0 else False
+        arch_subdir = self.pi.cross_dir(forcex86)
+        if arch_subdir:
+            tools += [os.path.join(si.VCInstallDir, 'Bin%s' % arch_subdir)]
+
+        if self.vc_ver == 14.0:
+            path = 'Bin%s' % self.pi.current_dir(hidex86=True)
+            tools += [os.path.join(si.VCInstallDir, path)]
+
+        elif self.vc_ver >= 15.0:
+            host_dir = (r'bin\HostX86%s' if self.pi.current_is_x86() else
+                        r'bin\HostX64%s')
+            tools += [os.path.join(
+                si.VCInstallDir, host_dir % self.pi.target_dir(x64=True))]
+
+            if self.pi.current_cpu != self.pi.target_cpu:
+                tools += [os.path.join(
+                    si.VCInstallDir, host_dir % self.pi.current_dir(x64=True))]
+
+        else:
+            tools += [os.path.join(si.VCInstallDir, 'Bin')]
+
+        return tools
+
+    @property
+    def OSLibraries(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Libraries
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver <= 10.0:
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(hidex86=True, x64=True)
+            return [os.path.join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'Lib%s' % arch_subdir)]
+
+        else:
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(x64=True)
+            lib = os.path.join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'lib')
+            libver = self._sdk_subdir
+            return [os.path.join(lib, '%sum%s' % (libver , arch_subdir))]
+
+    @property
+    def OSIncludes(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Include
+        """
+        include = os.path.join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'include')
+
+        if self.vc_ver <= 10.0:
+            return [include, os.path.join(include, 'gl')]
+
+        else:
+            if self.vc_ver >= 14.0:
+                sdkver = self._sdk_subdir
+            else:
+                sdkver = ''
+            return [os.path.join(include, '%sshared' % sdkver),
+                    os.path.join(include, '%sum' % sdkver),
+                    os.path.join(include, '%swinrt' % sdkver)]
+
+    @property
+    def OSLibpath(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Libraries Paths
+        """
+        ref = os.path.join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'References')
+        libpath = []
+
+        if self.vc_ver <= 9.0:
+            libpath += self.OSLibraries
+
+        if self.vc_ver >= 11.0:
+            libpath += [os.path.join(ref, r'CommonConfiguration\Neutral')]
+
+        if self.vc_ver >= 14.0:
+            libpath += [
+                ref,
+                os.path.join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'UnionMetadata'),
+                os.path.join(
+                    ref,
+                    'Windows.Foundation.UniversalApiContract',
+                    '1.0.0.0',
+                ),
+                os.path.join(
+                    ref,
+                    'Windows.Foundation.FoundationContract',
+                    '1.0.0.0',
+                ),
+                os.path.join(
+                    ref,
+                    'Windows.Networking.Connectivity.WwanContract',
+                    '1.0.0.0',
+                ),
+                os.path.join(
+                    self.si.WindowsSdkDir,
+                    'ExtensionSDKs',
+                    'Microsoft.VCLibs',
+                    '%0.1f' % self.vc_ver,
+                    'References',
+                    'CommonConfiguration',
+                    'neutral',
+                ),
+            ]
+        return libpath
+
+    @property
+    def SdkTools(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Tools
+        """
+        return list(self._sdk_tools())
+
+    def _sdk_tools(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Tools paths generator
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver < 15.0:
+            bin_dir = 'Bin' if self.vc_ver <= 11.0 else r'Bin\x86'
+            yield os.path.join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, bin_dir)
+
+        if not self.pi.current_is_x86():
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.current_dir(x64=True)
+            path = 'Bin%s' % arch_subdir
+            yield os.path.join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, path)
+
+        if self.vc_ver == 10.0 or self.vc_ver == 11.0:
+            if self.pi.target_is_x86():
+                arch_subdir = ''
+            else:
+                arch_subdir = self.pi.current_dir(hidex86=True, x64=True)
+            path = r'Bin\NETFX 4.0 Tools%s' % arch_subdir
+            yield os.path.join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, path)
+
+        elif self.vc_ver >= 15.0:
+            path = os.path.join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'Bin')
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.current_dir(x64=True)
+            sdkver = self.si.WindowsSdkLastVersion
+            yield os.path.join(path, '%s%s' % (sdkver, arch_subdir))
+
+        if self.si.WindowsSDKExecutablePath:
+            yield self.si.WindowsSDKExecutablePath
+
+    @property
+    def _sdk_subdir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK version subdir
+        """
+        ucrtver = self.si.WindowsSdkLastVersion
+        return ('%s\\' % ucrtver) if ucrtver else ''
+
+    @property
+    def SdkSetup(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Windows SDK Setup
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver > 9.0:
+            return []
+
+        return [os.path.join(self.si.WindowsSdkDir, 'Setup')]
+
+    @property
+    def FxTools(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .NET Framework Tools
+        """
+        pi = self.pi
+        si = self.si
+
+        if self.vc_ver <= 10.0:
+            include32 = True
+            include64 = not pi.target_is_x86() and not pi.current_is_x86()
+        else:
+            include32 = pi.target_is_x86() or pi.current_is_x86()
+            include64 = pi.current_cpu == 'amd64' or pi.target_cpu == 'amd64'
+
+        tools = []
+        if include32:
+            tools += [os.path.join(si.FrameworkDir32, ver)
+                      for ver in si.FrameworkVersion32]
+        if include64:
+            tools += [os.path.join(si.FrameworkDir64, ver)
+                      for ver in si.FrameworkVersion64]
+        return tools
+
+    @property
+    def NetFxSDKLibraries(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .Net Framework SDK Libraries
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver < 14.0 or not self.si.NetFxSdkDir:
+            return []
+
+        arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(x64=True)
+        return [os.path.join(self.si.NetFxSdkDir, r'lib\um%s' % arch_subdir)]
+
+    @property
+    def NetFxSDKIncludes(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft .Net Framework SDK Includes
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver < 14.0 or not self.si.NetFxSdkDir:
+            return []
+
+        return [os.path.join(self.si.NetFxSdkDir, r'include\um')]
+
+    @property
+    def VsTDb(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual Studio Team System Database
+        """
+        return [os.path.join(self.si.VSInstallDir, r'VSTSDB\Deploy')]
+
+    @property
+    def MSBuild(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Build Engine
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver < 12.0:
+            return []
+        elif self.vc_ver < 15.0:
+            base_path = self.si.ProgramFilesx86
+            arch_subdir = self.pi.current_dir(hidex86=True)
+        else:
+            base_path = self.si.VSInstallDir
+            arch_subdir = ''
+
+        path = r'MSBuild\%0.1f\bin%s' % (self.vc_ver, arch_subdir)
+        build = [os.path.join(base_path, path)]
+
+        if self.vc_ver >= 15.0:
+            # Add Roslyn C# & Visual Basic Compiler
+            build += [os.path.join(base_path, path, 'Roslyn')]
+
+        return build
+
+    @property
+    def HTMLHelpWorkshop(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft HTML Help Workshop
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver < 11.0:
+            return []
+
+        return [os.path.join(self.si.ProgramFilesx86, 'HTML Help Workshop')]
+
+    @property
+    def UCRTLibraries(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Universal C Runtime SDK Libraries
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver < 14.0:
+            return []
+
+        arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(x64=True)
+        lib = os.path.join(self.si.UniversalCRTSdkDir, 'lib')
+        ucrtver = self._ucrt_subdir
+        return [os.path.join(lib, '%sucrt%s' % (ucrtver, arch_subdir))]
+
+    @property
+    def UCRTIncludes(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Universal C Runtime SDK Include
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver < 14.0:
+            return []
+
+        include = os.path.join(self.si.UniversalCRTSdkDir, 'include')
+        return [os.path.join(include, '%sucrt' % self._ucrt_subdir)]
+
+    @property
+    def _ucrt_subdir(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Universal C Runtime SDK version subdir
+        """
+        ucrtver = self.si.UniversalCRTSdkLastVersion
+        return ('%s\\' % ucrtver) if ucrtver else ''
+
+    @property
+    def FSharp(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual F#
+        """
+        if self.vc_ver < 11.0 and self.vc_ver > 12.0:
+            return []
+
+        return self.si.FSharpInstallDir
+
+    @property
+    def VCRuntimeRedist(self):
+        """
+        Microsoft Visual C++ runtime redistribuable dll
+        """
+        arch_subdir = self.pi.target_dir(x64=True)
+        if self.vc_ver < 15:
+            redist_path = self.si.VCInstallDir
+            vcruntime = 'redist%s\\Microsoft.VC%d0.CRT\\vcruntime%d0.dll'
+        else:
+            redist_path = self.si.VCInstallDir.replace('\\Tools', '\\Redist')
+            vcruntime = 'onecore%s\\Microsoft.VC%d0.CRT\\vcruntime%d0.dll'
+
+        # Visual Studio 2017  is still Visual C++ 14.0
+        dll_ver = 14.0 if self.vc_ver == 15 else self.vc_ver
+
+        vcruntime = vcruntime % (arch_subdir, self.vc_ver, dll_ver)
+        return os.path.join(redist_path, vcruntime)
+
+    def return_env(self, exists=True):
+        """
+        Return environment dict.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        exists: bool
+            It True, only return existing paths.
+        """
+        env = dict(
+            include=self._build_paths('include',
+                                      [self.VCIncludes,
+                                       self.OSIncludes,
+                                       self.UCRTIncludes,
+                                       self.NetFxSDKIncludes],
+                                      exists),
+            lib=self._build_paths('lib',
+                                  [self.VCLibraries,
+                                   self.OSLibraries,
+                                   self.FxTools,
+                                   self.UCRTLibraries,
+                                   self.NetFxSDKLibraries],
+                                  exists),
+            libpath=self._build_paths('libpath',
+                                      [self.VCLibraries,
+                                       self.FxTools,
+                                       self.VCStoreRefs,
+                                       self.OSLibpath],
+                                      exists),
+            path=self._build_paths('path',
+                                   [self.VCTools,
+                                    self.VSTools,
+                                    self.VsTDb,
+                                    self.SdkTools,
+                                    self.SdkSetup,
+                                    self.FxTools,
+                                    self.MSBuild,
+                                    self.HTMLHelpWorkshop,
+                                    self.FSharp],
+                                   exists),
+        )
+        if self.vc_ver >= 14 and os.path.isfile(self.VCRuntimeRedist):
+            env['py_vcruntime_redist'] = self.VCRuntimeRedist
+        return env
+
+    def _build_paths(self, name, spec_path_lists, exists):
+        """
+        Given an environment variable name and specified paths,
+        return a pathsep-separated string of paths containing
+        unique, extant, directories from those paths and from
+        the environment variable. Raise an error if no paths
+        are resolved.
+        """
+        # flatten spec_path_lists
+        spec_paths = itertools.chain.from_iterable(spec_path_lists)
+        env_paths = safe_env.get(name, '').split(os.pathsep)
+        paths = itertools.chain(spec_paths, env_paths)
+        extant_paths = list(filter(os.path.isdir, paths)) if exists else paths
+        if not extant_paths:
+            msg = "%s environment variable is empty" % name.upper()
+            raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError(msg)
+        unique_paths = self._unique_everseen(extant_paths)
+        return os.pathsep.join(unique_paths)
+
+    # from Python docs
+    def _unique_everseen(self, iterable, key=None):
+        """
+        List unique elements, preserving order.
+        Remember all elements ever seen.
+
+        _unique_everseen('AAAABBBCCDAABBB') --> A B C D
+
+        _unique_everseen('ABBCcAD', str.lower) --> A B C D
+        """
+        seen = set()
+        seen_add = seen.add
+        if key is None:
+            for element in filterfalse(seen.__contains__, iterable):
+                seen_add(element)
+                yield element
+        else:
+            for element in iterable:
+                k = key(element)
+                if k not in seen:
+                    seen_add(k)
+                    yield element
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/namespaces.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/namespaces.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc16106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/namespaces.py
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+import os
+from distutils import log
+import itertools
+
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import map
+
+
+flatten = itertools.chain.from_iterable
+
+
+class Installer:
+
+    nspkg_ext = '-nspkg.pth'
+
+    def install_namespaces(self):
+        nsp = self._get_all_ns_packages()
+        if not nsp:
+            return
+        filename, ext = os.path.splitext(self._get_target())
+        filename += self.nspkg_ext
+        self.outputs.append(filename)
+        log.info("Installing %s", filename)
+        lines = map(self._gen_nspkg_line, nsp)
+
+        if self.dry_run:
+            # always generate the lines, even in dry run
+            list(lines)
+            return
+
+        with open(filename, 'wt') as f:
+            f.writelines(lines)
+
+    def uninstall_namespaces(self):
+        filename, ext = os.path.splitext(self._get_target())
+        filename += self.nspkg_ext
+        if not os.path.exists(filename):
+            return
+        log.info("Removing %s", filename)
+        os.remove(filename)
+
+    def _get_target(self):
+        return self.target
+
+    _nspkg_tmpl = (
+        "import sys, types, os",
+        "has_mfs = sys.version_info > (3, 5)",
+        "p = os.path.join(%(root)s, *%(pth)r)",
+        "importlib = has_mfs and __import__('importlib.util')",
+        "has_mfs and __import__('importlib.machinery')",
+        "m = has_mfs and "
+            "sys.modules.setdefault(%(pkg)r, "
+                "importlib.util.module_from_spec("
+                    "importlib.machinery.PathFinder.find_spec(%(pkg)r, "
+                        "[os.path.dirname(p)])))",
+        "m = m or "
+            "sys.modules.setdefault(%(pkg)r, types.ModuleType(%(pkg)r))",
+        "mp = (m or []) and m.__dict__.setdefault('__path__',[])",
+        "(p not in mp) and mp.append(p)",
+    )
+    "lines for the namespace installer"
+
+    _nspkg_tmpl_multi = (
+        'm and setattr(sys.modules[%(parent)r], %(child)r, m)',
+    )
+    "additional line(s) when a parent package is indicated"
+
+    def _get_root(self):
+        return "sys._getframe(1).f_locals['sitedir']"
+
+    def _gen_nspkg_line(self, pkg):
+        # ensure pkg is not a unicode string under Python 2.7
+        pkg = str(pkg)
+        pth = tuple(pkg.split('.'))
+        root = self._get_root()
+        tmpl_lines = self._nspkg_tmpl
+        parent, sep, child = pkg.rpartition('.')
+        if parent:
+            tmpl_lines += self._nspkg_tmpl_multi
+        return ';'.join(tmpl_lines) % locals() + '\n'
+
+    def _get_all_ns_packages(self):
+        """Return sorted list of all package namespaces"""
+        pkgs = self.distribution.namespace_packages or []
+        return sorted(flatten(map(self._pkg_names, pkgs)))
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _pkg_names(pkg):
+        """
+        Given a namespace package, yield the components of that
+        package.
+
+        >>> names = Installer._pkg_names('a.b.c')
+        >>> set(names) == set(['a', 'a.b', 'a.b.c'])
+        True
+        """
+        parts = pkg.split('.')
+        while parts:
+            yield '.'.join(parts)
+            parts.pop()
+
+
+class DevelopInstaller(Installer):
+    def _get_root(self):
+        return repr(str(self.egg_path))
+
+    def _get_target(self):
+        return self.egg_link
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/package_index.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/package_index.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..705a47c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/package_index.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1136 @@
+"""PyPI and direct package downloading"""
+import sys
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
+import socket
+import base64
+import hashlib
+import itertools
+import warnings
+from functools import wraps
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import urllib, http_client, configparser, map
+
+import setuptools
+from pkg_resources import (
+    CHECKOUT_DIST, Distribution, BINARY_DIST, normalize_path, SOURCE_DIST,
+    Environment, find_distributions, safe_name, safe_version,
+    to_filename, Requirement, DEVELOP_DIST, EGG_DIST,
+)
+from setuptools import ssl_support
+from distutils import log
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+from fnmatch import translate
+from setuptools.py27compat import get_all_headers
+from setuptools.py33compat import unescape
+from setuptools.wheel import Wheel
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+EGG_FRAGMENT = re.compile(r'^egg=([-A-Za-z0-9_.+!]+)$')
+HREF = re.compile(r"""href\s*=\s*['"]?([^'"> ]+)""", re.I)
+PYPI_MD5 = re.compile(
+    r'<a href="([^"#]+)">([^<]+)</a>\n\s+\(<a (?:title="MD5 hash"\n\s+)'
+    r'href="[^?]+\?:action=show_md5&amp;digest=([0-9a-f]{32})">md5</a>\)'
+)
+URL_SCHEME = re.compile('([-+.a-z0-9]{2,}):', re.I).match
+EXTENSIONS = ".tar.gz .tar.bz2 .tar .zip .tgz".split()
+
+__all__ = [
+    'PackageIndex', 'distros_for_url', 'parse_bdist_wininst',
+    'interpret_distro_name',
+]
+
+_SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 15
+
+_tmpl = "setuptools/{setuptools.__version__} Python-urllib/{py_major}"
+user_agent = _tmpl.format(py_major=sys.version[:3], setuptools=setuptools)
+
+
+def parse_requirement_arg(spec):
+    try:
+        return Requirement.parse(spec)
+    except ValueError:
+        raise DistutilsError(
+            "Not a URL, existing file, or requirement spec: %r" % (spec,)
+        )
+
+
+def parse_bdist_wininst(name):
+    """Return (base,pyversion) or (None,None) for possible .exe name"""
+
+    lower = name.lower()
+    base, py_ver, plat = None, None, None
+
+    if lower.endswith('.exe'):
+        if lower.endswith('.win32.exe'):
+            base = name[:-10]
+            plat = 'win32'
+        elif lower.startswith('.win32-py', -16):
+            py_ver = name[-7:-4]
+            base = name[:-16]
+            plat = 'win32'
+        elif lower.endswith('.win-amd64.exe'):
+            base = name[:-14]
+            plat = 'win-amd64'
+        elif lower.startswith('.win-amd64-py', -20):
+            py_ver = name[-7:-4]
+            base = name[:-20]
+            plat = 'win-amd64'
+    return base, py_ver, plat
+
+
+def egg_info_for_url(url):
+    parts = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+    scheme, server, path, parameters, query, fragment = parts
+    base = urllib.parse.unquote(path.split('/')[-1])
+    if server == 'sourceforge.net' and base == 'download':  # XXX Yuck
+        base = urllib.parse.unquote(path.split('/')[-2])
+    if '#' in base:
+        base, fragment = base.split('#', 1)
+    return base, fragment
+
+
+def distros_for_url(url, metadata=None):
+    """Yield egg or source distribution objects that might be found at a URL"""
+    base, fragment = egg_info_for_url(url)
+    for dist in distros_for_location(url, base, metadata):
+        yield dist
+    if fragment:
+        match = EGG_FRAGMENT.match(fragment)
+        if match:
+            for dist in interpret_distro_name(
+                url, match.group(1), metadata, precedence=CHECKOUT_DIST
+            ):
+                yield dist
+
+
+def distros_for_location(location, basename, metadata=None):
+    """Yield egg or source distribution objects based on basename"""
+    if basename.endswith('.egg.zip'):
+        basename = basename[:-4]  # strip the .zip
+    if basename.endswith('.egg') and '-' in basename:
+        # only one, unambiguous interpretation
+        return [Distribution.from_location(location, basename, metadata)]
+    if basename.endswith('.whl') and '-' in basename:
+        wheel = Wheel(basename)
+        if not wheel.is_compatible():
+            return []
+        return [Distribution(
+            location=location,
+            project_name=wheel.project_name,
+            version=wheel.version,
+            # Increase priority over eggs.
+            precedence=EGG_DIST + 1,
+        )]
+    if basename.endswith('.exe'):
+        win_base, py_ver, platform = parse_bdist_wininst(basename)
+        if win_base is not None:
+            return interpret_distro_name(
+                location, win_base, metadata, py_ver, BINARY_DIST, platform
+            )
+    # Try source distro extensions (.zip, .tgz, etc.)
+    #
+    for ext in EXTENSIONS:
+        if basename.endswith(ext):
+            basename = basename[:-len(ext)]
+            return interpret_distro_name(location, basename, metadata)
+    return []  # no extension matched
+
+
+def distros_for_filename(filename, metadata=None):
+    """Yield possible egg or source distribution objects based on a filename"""
+    return distros_for_location(
+        normalize_path(filename), os.path.basename(filename), metadata
+    )
+
+
+def interpret_distro_name(
+        location, basename, metadata, py_version=None, precedence=SOURCE_DIST,
+        platform=None
+):
+    """Generate alternative interpretations of a source distro name
+
+    Note: if `location` is a filesystem filename, you should call
+    ``pkg_resources.normalize_path()`` on it before passing it to this
+    routine!
+    """
+    # Generate alternative interpretations of a source distro name
+    # Because some packages are ambiguous as to name/versions split
+    # e.g. "adns-python-1.1.0", "egenix-mx-commercial", etc.
+    # So, we generate each possible interepretation (e.g. "adns, python-1.1.0"
+    # "adns-python, 1.1.0", and "adns-python-1.1.0, no version").  In practice,
+    # the spurious interpretations should be ignored, because in the event
+    # there's also an "adns" package, the spurious "python-1.1.0" version will
+    # compare lower than any numeric version number, and is therefore unlikely
+    # to match a request for it.  It's still a potential problem, though, and
+    # in the long run PyPI and the distutils should go for "safe" names and
+    # versions in distribution archive names (sdist and bdist).
+
+    parts = basename.split('-')
+    if not py_version and any(re.match(r'py\d\.\d$', p) for p in parts[2:]):
+        # it is a bdist_dumb, not an sdist -- bail out
+        return
+
+    for p in range(1, len(parts) + 1):
+        yield Distribution(
+            location, metadata, '-'.join(parts[:p]), '-'.join(parts[p:]),
+            py_version=py_version, precedence=precedence,
+            platform=platform
+        )
+
+
+# From Python 2.7 docs
+def unique_everseen(iterable, key=None):
+    "List unique elements, preserving order. Remember all elements ever seen."
+    # unique_everseen('AAAABBBCCDAABBB') --> A B C D
+    # unique_everseen('ABBCcAD', str.lower) --> A B C D
+    seen = set()
+    seen_add = seen.add
+    if key is None:
+        for element in six.moves.filterfalse(seen.__contains__, iterable):
+            seen_add(element)
+            yield element
+    else:
+        for element in iterable:
+            k = key(element)
+            if k not in seen:
+                seen_add(k)
+                yield element
+
+
+def unique_values(func):
+    """
+    Wrap a function returning an iterable such that the resulting iterable
+    only ever yields unique items.
+    """
+
+    @wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        return unique_everseen(func(*args, **kwargs))
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+REL = re.compile(r"""<([^>]*\srel\s*=\s*['"]?([^'">]+)[^>]*)>""", re.I)
+# this line is here to fix emacs' cruddy broken syntax highlighting
+
+
+@unique_values
+def find_external_links(url, page):
+    """Find rel="homepage" and rel="download" links in `page`, yielding URLs"""
+
+    for match in REL.finditer(page):
+        tag, rel = match.groups()
+        rels = set(map(str.strip, rel.lower().split(',')))
+        if 'homepage' in rels or 'download' in rels:
+            for match in HREF.finditer(tag):
+                yield urllib.parse.urljoin(url, htmldecode(match.group(1)))
+
+    for tag in ("<th>Home Page", "<th>Download URL"):
+        pos = page.find(tag)
+        if pos != -1:
+            match = HREF.search(page, pos)
+            if match:
+                yield urllib.parse.urljoin(url, htmldecode(match.group(1)))
+
+
+class ContentChecker:
+    """
+    A null content checker that defines the interface for checking content
+    """
+
+    def feed(self, block):
+        """
+        Feed a block of data to the hash.
+        """
+        return
+
+    def is_valid(self):
+        """
+        Check the hash. Return False if validation fails.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    def report(self, reporter, template):
+        """
+        Call reporter with information about the checker (hash name)
+        substituted into the template.
+        """
+        return
+
+
+class HashChecker(ContentChecker):
+    pattern = re.compile(
+        r'(?P<hash_name>sha1|sha224|sha384|sha256|sha512|md5)='
+        r'(?P<expected>[a-f0-9]+)'
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, hash_name, expected):
+        self.hash_name = hash_name
+        self.hash = hashlib.new(hash_name)
+        self.expected = expected
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_url(cls, url):
+        "Construct a (possibly null) ContentChecker from a URL"
+        fragment = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)[-1]
+        if not fragment:
+            return ContentChecker()
+        match = cls.pattern.search(fragment)
+        if not match:
+            return ContentChecker()
+        return cls(**match.groupdict())
+
+    def feed(self, block):
+        self.hash.update(block)
+
+    def is_valid(self):
+        return self.hash.hexdigest() == self.expected
+
+    def report(self, reporter, template):
+        msg = template % self.hash_name
+        return reporter(msg)
+
+
+class PackageIndex(Environment):
+    """A distribution index that scans web pages for download URLs"""
+
+    def __init__(
+            self, index_url="https://pypi.org/simple/", hosts=('*',),
+            ca_bundle=None, verify_ssl=True, *args, **kw
+    ):
+        Environment.__init__(self, *args, **kw)
+        self.index_url = index_url + "/" [:not index_url.endswith('/')]
+        self.scanned_urls = {}
+        self.fetched_urls = {}
+        self.package_pages = {}
+        self.allows = re.compile('|'.join(map(translate, hosts))).match
+        self.to_scan = []
+        use_ssl = (
+            verify_ssl
+            and ssl_support.is_available
+            and (ca_bundle or ssl_support.find_ca_bundle())
+        )
+        if use_ssl:
+            self.opener = ssl_support.opener_for(ca_bundle)
+        else:
+            self.opener = urllib.request.urlopen
+
+    def process_url(self, url, retrieve=False):
+        """Evaluate a URL as a possible download, and maybe retrieve it"""
+        if url in self.scanned_urls and not retrieve:
+            return
+        self.scanned_urls[url] = True
+        if not URL_SCHEME(url):
+            self.process_filename(url)
+            return
+        else:
+            dists = list(distros_for_url(url))
+            if dists:
+                if not self.url_ok(url):
+                    return
+                self.debug("Found link: %s", url)
+
+        if dists or not retrieve or url in self.fetched_urls:
+            list(map(self.add, dists))
+            return  # don't need the actual page
+
+        if not self.url_ok(url):
+            self.fetched_urls[url] = True
+            return
+
+        self.info("Reading %s", url)
+        self.fetched_urls[url] = True  # prevent multiple fetch attempts
+        tmpl = "Download error on %s: %%s -- Some packages may not be found!"
+        f = self.open_url(url, tmpl % url)
+        if f is None:
+            return
+        self.fetched_urls[f.url] = True
+        if 'html' not in f.headers.get('content-type', '').lower():
+            f.close()  # not html, we can't process it
+            return
+
+        base = f.url  # handle redirects
+        page = f.read()
+        if not isinstance(page, str):
+            # In Python 3 and got bytes but want str.
+            if isinstance(f, urllib.error.HTTPError):
+                # Errors have no charset, assume latin1:
+                charset = 'latin-1'
+            else:
+                charset = f.headers.get_param('charset') or 'latin-1'
+            page = page.decode(charset, "ignore")
+        f.close()
+        for match in HREF.finditer(page):
+            link = urllib.parse.urljoin(base, htmldecode(match.group(1)))
+            self.process_url(link)
+        if url.startswith(self.index_url) and getattr(f, 'code', None) != 404:
+            page = self.process_index(url, page)
+
+    def process_filename(self, fn, nested=False):
+        # process filenames or directories
+        if not os.path.exists(fn):
+            self.warn("Not found: %s", fn)
+            return
+
+        if os.path.isdir(fn) and not nested:
+            path = os.path.realpath(fn)
+            for item in os.listdir(path):
+                self.process_filename(os.path.join(path, item), True)
+
+        dists = distros_for_filename(fn)
+        if dists:
+            self.debug("Found: %s", fn)
+            list(map(self.add, dists))
+
+    def url_ok(self, url, fatal=False):
+        s = URL_SCHEME(url)
+        is_file = s and s.group(1).lower() == 'file'
+        if is_file or self.allows(urllib.parse.urlparse(url)[1]):
+            return True
+        msg = (
+            "\nNote: Bypassing %s (disallowed host; see "
+            "http://bit.ly/2hrImnY for details).\n")
+        if fatal:
+            raise DistutilsError(msg % url)
+        else:
+            self.warn(msg, url)
+
+    def scan_egg_links(self, search_path):
+        dirs = filter(os.path.isdir, search_path)
+        egg_links = (
+            (path, entry)
+            for path in dirs
+            for entry in os.listdir(path)
+            if entry.endswith('.egg-link')
+        )
+        list(itertools.starmap(self.scan_egg_link, egg_links))
+
+    def scan_egg_link(self, path, entry):
+        with open(os.path.join(path, entry)) as raw_lines:
+            # filter non-empty lines
+            lines = list(filter(None, map(str.strip, raw_lines)))
+
+        if len(lines) != 2:
+            # format is not recognized; punt
+            return
+
+        egg_path, setup_path = lines
+
+        for dist in find_distributions(os.path.join(path, egg_path)):
+            dist.location = os.path.join(path, *lines)
+            dist.precedence = SOURCE_DIST
+            self.add(dist)
+
+    def process_index(self, url, page):
+        """Process the contents of a PyPI page"""
+
+        def scan(link):
+            # Process a URL to see if it's for a package page
+            if link.startswith(self.index_url):
+                parts = list(map(
+                    urllib.parse.unquote, link[len(self.index_url):].split('/')
+                ))
+                if len(parts) == 2 and '#' not in parts[1]:
+                    # it's a package page, sanitize and index it
+                    pkg = safe_name(parts[0])
+                    ver = safe_version(parts[1])
+                    self.package_pages.setdefault(pkg.lower(), {})[link] = True
+                    return to_filename(pkg), to_filename(ver)
+            return None, None
+
+        # process an index page into the package-page index
+        for match in HREF.finditer(page):
+            try:
+                scan(urllib.parse.urljoin(url, htmldecode(match.group(1))))
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+
+        pkg, ver = scan(url)  # ensure this page is in the page index
+        if pkg:
+            # process individual package page
+            for new_url in find_external_links(url, page):
+                # Process the found URL
+                base, frag = egg_info_for_url(new_url)
+                if base.endswith('.py') and not frag:
+                    if ver:
+                        new_url += '#egg=%s-%s' % (pkg, ver)
+                    else:
+                        self.need_version_info(url)
+                self.scan_url(new_url)
+
+            return PYPI_MD5.sub(
+                lambda m: '<a href="%s#md5=%s">%s</a>' % m.group(1, 3, 2), page
+            )
+        else:
+            return ""  # no sense double-scanning non-package pages
+
+    def need_version_info(self, url):
+        self.scan_all(
+            "Page at %s links to .py file(s) without version info; an index "
+            "scan is required.", url
+        )
+
+    def scan_all(self, msg=None, *args):
+        if self.index_url not in self.fetched_urls:
+            if msg:
+                self.warn(msg, *args)
+            self.info(
+                "Scanning index of all packages (this may take a while)"
+            )
+        self.scan_url(self.index_url)
+
+    def find_packages(self, requirement):
+        self.scan_url(self.index_url + requirement.unsafe_name + '/')
+
+        if not self.package_pages.get(requirement.key):
+            # Fall back to safe version of the name
+            self.scan_url(self.index_url + requirement.project_name + '/')
+
+        if not self.package_pages.get(requirement.key):
+            # We couldn't find the target package, so search the index page too
+            self.not_found_in_index(requirement)
+
+        for url in list(self.package_pages.get(requirement.key, ())):
+            # scan each page that might be related to the desired package
+            self.scan_url(url)
+
+    def obtain(self, requirement, installer=None):
+        self.prescan()
+        self.find_packages(requirement)
+        for dist in self[requirement.key]:
+            if dist in requirement:
+                return dist
+            self.debug("%s does not match %s", requirement, dist)
+        return super(PackageIndex, self).obtain(requirement, installer)
+
+    def check_hash(self, checker, filename, tfp):
+        """
+        checker is a ContentChecker
+        """
+        checker.report(
+            self.debug,
+            "Validating %%s checksum for %s" % filename)
+        if not checker.is_valid():
+            tfp.close()
+            os.unlink(filename)
+            raise DistutilsError(
+                "%s validation failed for %s; "
+                "possible download problem?"
+                % (checker.hash.name, os.path.basename(filename))
+            )
+
+    def add_find_links(self, urls):
+        """Add `urls` to the list that will be prescanned for searches"""
+        for url in urls:
+            if (
+                self.to_scan is None  # if we have already "gone online"
+                or not URL_SCHEME(url)  # or it's a local file/directory
+                or url.startswith('file:')
+                or list(distros_for_url(url))  # or a direct package link
+            ):
+                # then go ahead and process it now
+                self.scan_url(url)
+            else:
+                # otherwise, defer retrieval till later
+                self.to_scan.append(url)
+
+    def prescan(self):
+        """Scan urls scheduled for prescanning (e.g. --find-links)"""
+        if self.to_scan:
+            list(map(self.scan_url, self.to_scan))
+        self.to_scan = None  # from now on, go ahead and process immediately
+
+    def not_found_in_index(self, requirement):
+        if self[requirement.key]:  # we've seen at least one distro
+            meth, msg = self.info, "Couldn't retrieve index page for %r"
+        else:  # no distros seen for this name, might be misspelled
+            meth, msg = (
+                self.warn,
+                "Couldn't find index page for %r (maybe misspelled?)")
+        meth(msg, requirement.unsafe_name)
+        self.scan_all()
+
+    def download(self, spec, tmpdir):
+        """Locate and/or download `spec` to `tmpdir`, returning a local path
+
+        `spec` may be a ``Requirement`` object, or a string containing a URL,
+        an existing local filename, or a project/version requirement spec
+        (i.e. the string form of a ``Requirement`` object).  If it is the URL
+        of a .py file with an unambiguous ``#egg=name-version`` tag (i.e., one
+        that escapes ``-`` as ``_`` throughout), a trivial ``setup.py`` is
+        automatically created alongside the downloaded file.
+
+        If `spec` is a ``Requirement`` object or a string containing a
+        project/version requirement spec, this method returns the location of
+        a matching distribution (possibly after downloading it to `tmpdir`).
+        If `spec` is a locally existing file or directory name, it is simply
+        returned unchanged.  If `spec` is a URL, it is downloaded to a subpath
+        of `tmpdir`, and the local filename is returned.  Various errors may be
+        raised if a problem occurs during downloading.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(spec, Requirement):
+            scheme = URL_SCHEME(spec)
+            if scheme:
+                # It's a url, download it to tmpdir
+                found = self._download_url(scheme.group(1), spec, tmpdir)
+                base, fragment = egg_info_for_url(spec)
+                if base.endswith('.py'):
+                    found = self.gen_setup(found, fragment, tmpdir)
+                return found
+            elif os.path.exists(spec):
+                # Existing file or directory, just return it
+                return spec
+            else:
+                spec = parse_requirement_arg(spec)
+        return getattr(self.fetch_distribution(spec, tmpdir), 'location', None)
+
+    def fetch_distribution(
+            self, requirement, tmpdir, force_scan=False, source=False,
+            develop_ok=False, local_index=None):
+        """Obtain a distribution suitable for fulfilling `requirement`
+
+        `requirement` must be a ``pkg_resources.Requirement`` instance.
+        If necessary, or if the `force_scan` flag is set, the requirement is
+        searched for in the (online) package index as well as the locally
+        installed packages.  If a distribution matching `requirement` is found,
+        the returned distribution's ``location`` is the value you would have
+        gotten from calling the ``download()`` method with the matching
+        distribution's URL or filename.  If no matching distribution is found,
+        ``None`` is returned.
+
+        If the `source` flag is set, only source distributions and source
+        checkout links will be considered.  Unless the `develop_ok` flag is
+        set, development and system eggs (i.e., those using the ``.egg-info``
+        format) will be ignored.
+        """
+        # process a Requirement
+        self.info("Searching for %s", requirement)
+        skipped = {}
+        dist = None
+
+        def find(req, env=None):
+            if env is None:
+                env = self
+            # Find a matching distribution; may be called more than once
+
+            for dist in env[req.key]:
+
+                if dist.precedence == DEVELOP_DIST and not develop_ok:
+                    if dist not in skipped:
+                        self.warn(
+                            "Skipping development or system egg: %s", dist,
+                        )
+                        skipped[dist] = 1
+                    continue
+
+                test = (
+                    dist in req
+                    and (dist.precedence <= SOURCE_DIST or not source)
+                )
+                if test:
+                    loc = self.download(dist.location, tmpdir)
+                    dist.download_location = loc
+                    if os.path.exists(dist.download_location):
+                        return dist
+
+        if force_scan:
+            self.prescan()
+            self.find_packages(requirement)
+            dist = find(requirement)
+
+        if not dist and local_index is not None:
+            dist = find(requirement, local_index)
+
+        if dist is None:
+            if self.to_scan is not None:
+                self.prescan()
+            dist = find(requirement)
+
+        if dist is None and not force_scan:
+            self.find_packages(requirement)
+            dist = find(requirement)
+
+        if dist is None:
+            self.warn(
+                "No local packages or working download links found for %s%s",
+                (source and "a source distribution of " or ""),
+                requirement,
+            )
+        else:
+            self.info("Best match: %s", dist)
+            return dist.clone(location=dist.download_location)
+
+    def fetch(self, requirement, tmpdir, force_scan=False, source=False):
+        """Obtain a file suitable for fulfilling `requirement`
+
+        DEPRECATED; use the ``fetch_distribution()`` method now instead.  For
+        backward compatibility, this routine is identical but returns the
+        ``location`` of the downloaded distribution instead of a distribution
+        object.
+        """
+        dist = self.fetch_distribution(requirement, tmpdir, force_scan, source)
+        if dist is not None:
+            return dist.location
+        return None
+
+    def gen_setup(self, filename, fragment, tmpdir):
+        match = EGG_FRAGMENT.match(fragment)
+        dists = match and [
+            d for d in
+            interpret_distro_name(filename, match.group(1), None) if d.version
+        ] or []
+
+        if len(dists) == 1:  # unambiguous ``#egg`` fragment
+            basename = os.path.basename(filename)
+
+            # Make sure the file has been downloaded to the temp dir.
+            if os.path.dirname(filename) != tmpdir:
+                dst = os.path.join(tmpdir, basename)
+                from setuptools.command.easy_install import samefile
+                if not samefile(filename, dst):
+                    shutil.copy2(filename, dst)
+                    filename = dst
+
+            with open(os.path.join(tmpdir, 'setup.py'), 'w') as file:
+                file.write(
+                    "from setuptools import setup\n"
+                    "setup(name=%r, version=%r, py_modules=[%r])\n"
+                    % (
+                        dists[0].project_name, dists[0].version,
+                        os.path.splitext(basename)[0]
+                    )
+                )
+            return filename
+
+        elif match:
+            raise DistutilsError(
+                "Can't unambiguously interpret project/version identifier %r; "
+                "any dashes in the name or version should be escaped using "
+                "underscores. %r" % (fragment, dists)
+            )
+        else:
+            raise DistutilsError(
+                "Can't process plain .py files without an '#egg=name-version'"
+                " suffix to enable automatic setup script generation."
+            )
+
+    dl_blocksize = 8192
+
+    def _download_to(self, url, filename):
+        self.info("Downloading %s", url)
+        # Download the file
+        fp = None
+        try:
+            checker = HashChecker.from_url(url)
+            fp = self.open_url(url)
+            if isinstance(fp, urllib.error.HTTPError):
+                raise DistutilsError(
+                    "Can't download %s: %s %s" % (url, fp.code, fp.msg)
+                )
+            headers = fp.info()
+            blocknum = 0
+            bs = self.dl_blocksize
+            size = -1
+            if "content-length" in headers:
+                # Some servers return multiple Content-Length headers :(
+                sizes = get_all_headers(headers, 'Content-Length')
+                size = max(map(int, sizes))
+                self.reporthook(url, filename, blocknum, bs, size)
+            with open(filename, 'wb') as tfp:
+                while True:
+                    block = fp.read(bs)
+                    if block:
+                        checker.feed(block)
+                        tfp.write(block)
+                        blocknum += 1
+                        self.reporthook(url, filename, blocknum, bs, size)
+                    else:
+                        break
+                self.check_hash(checker, filename, tfp)
+            return headers
+        finally:
+            if fp:
+                fp.close()
+
+    def reporthook(self, url, filename, blocknum, blksize, size):
+        pass  # no-op
+
+    def open_url(self, url, warning=None):
+        if url.startswith('file:'):
+            return local_open(url)
+        try:
+            return open_with_auth(url, self.opener)
+        except (ValueError, http_client.InvalidURL) as v:
+            msg = ' '.join([str(arg) for arg in v.args])
+            if warning:
+                self.warn(warning, msg)
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsError('%s %s' % (url, msg))
+        except urllib.error.HTTPError as v:
+            return v
+        except urllib.error.URLError as v:
+            if warning:
+                self.warn(warning, v.reason)
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsError("Download error for %s: %s"
+                                     % (url, v.reason))
+        except http_client.BadStatusLine as v:
+            if warning:
+                self.warn(warning, v.line)
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsError(
+                    '%s returned a bad status line. The server might be '
+                    'down, %s' %
+                    (url, v.line)
+                )
+        except (http_client.HTTPException, socket.error) as v:
+            if warning:
+                self.warn(warning, v)
+            else:
+                raise DistutilsError("Download error for %s: %s"
+                                     % (url, v))
+
+    def _download_url(self, scheme, url, tmpdir):
+        # Determine download filename
+        #
+        name, fragment = egg_info_for_url(url)
+        if name:
+            while '..' in name:
+                name = name.replace('..', '.').replace('\\', '_')
+        else:
+            name = "__downloaded__"  # default if URL has no path contents
+
+        if name.endswith('.egg.zip'):
+            name = name[:-4]  # strip the extra .zip before download
+
+        filename = os.path.join(tmpdir, name)
+
+        # Download the file
+        #
+        if scheme == 'svn' or scheme.startswith('svn+'):
+            return self._download_svn(url, filename)
+        elif scheme == 'git' or scheme.startswith('git+'):
+            return self._download_git(url, filename)
+        elif scheme.startswith('hg+'):
+            return self._download_hg(url, filename)
+        elif scheme == 'file':
+            return urllib.request.url2pathname(urllib.parse.urlparse(url)[2])
+        else:
+            self.url_ok(url, True)  # raises error if not allowed
+            return self._attempt_download(url, filename)
+
+    def scan_url(self, url):
+        self.process_url(url, True)
+
+    def _attempt_download(self, url, filename):
+        headers = self._download_to(url, filename)
+        if 'html' in headers.get('content-type', '').lower():
+            return self._download_html(url, headers, filename)
+        else:
+            return filename
+
+    def _download_html(self, url, headers, filename):
+        file = open(filename)
+        for line in file:
+            if line.strip():
+                # Check for a subversion index page
+                if re.search(r'<title>([^- ]+ - )?Revision \d+:', line):
+                    # it's a subversion index page:
+                    file.close()
+                    os.unlink(filename)
+                    return self._download_svn(url, filename)
+                break  # not an index page
+        file.close()
+        os.unlink(filename)
+        raise DistutilsError("Unexpected HTML page found at " + url)
+
+    def _download_svn(self, url, filename):
+        warnings.warn("SVN download support is deprecated", UserWarning)
+        url = url.split('#', 1)[0]  # remove any fragment for svn's sake
+        creds = ''
+        if url.lower().startswith('svn:') and '@' in url:
+            scheme, netloc, path, p, q, f = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+            if not netloc and path.startswith('//') and '/' in path[2:]:
+                netloc, path = path[2:].split('/', 1)
+                auth, host = _splituser(netloc)
+                if auth:
+                    if ':' in auth:
+                        user, pw = auth.split(':', 1)
+                        creds = " --username=%s --password=%s" % (user, pw)
+                    else:
+                        creds = " --username=" + auth
+                    netloc = host
+                    parts = scheme, netloc, url, p, q, f
+                    url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(parts)
+        self.info("Doing subversion checkout from %s to %s", url, filename)
+        os.system("svn checkout%s -q %s %s" % (creds, url, filename))
+        return filename
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _vcs_split_rev_from_url(url, pop_prefix=False):
+        scheme, netloc, path, query, frag = urllib.parse.urlsplit(url)
+
+        scheme = scheme.split('+', 1)[-1]
+
+        # Some fragment identification fails
+        path = path.split('#', 1)[0]
+
+        rev = None
+        if '@' in path:
+            path, rev = path.rsplit('@', 1)
+
+        # Also, discard fragment
+        url = urllib.parse.urlunsplit((scheme, netloc, path, query, ''))
+
+        return url, rev
+
+    def _download_git(self, url, filename):
+        filename = filename.split('#', 1)[0]
+        url, rev = self._vcs_split_rev_from_url(url, pop_prefix=True)
+
+        self.info("Doing git clone from %s to %s", url, filename)
+        os.system("git clone --quiet %s %s" % (url, filename))
+
+        if rev is not None:
+            self.info("Checking out %s", rev)
+            os.system("(cd %s && git checkout --quiet %s)" % (
+                filename,
+                rev,
+            ))
+
+        return filename
+
+    def _download_hg(self, url, filename):
+        filename = filename.split('#', 1)[0]
+        url, rev = self._vcs_split_rev_from_url(url, pop_prefix=True)
+
+        self.info("Doing hg clone from %s to %s", url, filename)
+        os.system("hg clone --quiet %s %s" % (url, filename))
+
+        if rev is not None:
+            self.info("Updating to %s", rev)
+            os.system("(cd %s && hg up -C -r %s -q)" % (
+                filename,
+                rev,
+            ))
+
+        return filename
+
+    def debug(self, msg, *args):
+        log.debug(msg, *args)
+
+    def info(self, msg, *args):
+        log.info(msg, *args)
+
+    def warn(self, msg, *args):
+        log.warn(msg, *args)
+
+
+# This pattern matches a character entity reference (a decimal numeric
+# references, a hexadecimal numeric reference, or a named reference).
+entity_sub = re.compile(r'&(#(\d+|x[\da-fA-F]+)|[\w.:-]+);?').sub
+
+
+def decode_entity(match):
+    what = match.group(0)
+    return unescape(what)
+
+
+def htmldecode(text):
+    """
+    Decode HTML entities in the given text.
+
+    >>> htmldecode(
+    ...     'https://../package_name-0.1.2.tar.gz'
+    ...     '?tokena=A&amp;tokenb=B">package_name-0.1.2.tar.gz')
+    'https://../package_name-0.1.2.tar.gz?tokena=A&tokenb=B">package_name-0.1.2.tar.gz'
+    """
+    return entity_sub(decode_entity, text)
+
+
+def socket_timeout(timeout=15):
+    def _socket_timeout(func):
+        def _socket_timeout(*args, **kwargs):
+            old_timeout = socket.getdefaulttimeout()
+            socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)
+            try:
+                return func(*args, **kwargs)
+            finally:
+                socket.setdefaulttimeout(old_timeout)
+
+        return _socket_timeout
+
+    return _socket_timeout
+
+
+def _encode_auth(auth):
+    """
+    A function compatible with Python 2.3-3.3 that will encode
+    auth from a URL suitable for an HTTP header.
+    >>> str(_encode_auth('username%3Apassword'))
+    'dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ='
+
+    Long auth strings should not cause a newline to be inserted.
+    >>> long_auth = 'username:' + 'password'*10
+    >>> chr(10) in str(_encode_auth(long_auth))
+    False
+    """
+    auth_s = urllib.parse.unquote(auth)
+    # convert to bytes
+    auth_bytes = auth_s.encode()
+    encoded_bytes = base64.b64encode(auth_bytes)
+    # convert back to a string
+    encoded = encoded_bytes.decode()
+    # strip the trailing carriage return
+    return encoded.replace('\n', '')
+
+
+class Credential:
+    """
+    A username/password pair. Use like a namedtuple.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, username, password):
+        self.username = username
+        self.password = password
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        yield self.username
+        yield self.password
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '%(username)s:%(password)s' % vars(self)
+
+
+class PyPIConfig(configparser.RawConfigParser):
+    def __init__(self):
+        """
+        Load from ~/.pypirc
+        """
+        defaults = dict.fromkeys(['username', 'password', 'repository'], '')
+        configparser.RawConfigParser.__init__(self, defaults)
+
+        rc = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), '.pypirc')
+        if os.path.exists(rc):
+            self.read(rc)
+
+    @property
+    def creds_by_repository(self):
+        sections_with_repositories = [
+            section for section in self.sections()
+            if self.get(section, 'repository').strip()
+        ]
+
+        return dict(map(self._get_repo_cred, sections_with_repositories))
+
+    def _get_repo_cred(self, section):
+        repo = self.get(section, 'repository').strip()
+        return repo, Credential(
+            self.get(section, 'username').strip(),
+            self.get(section, 'password').strip(),
+        )
+
+    def find_credential(self, url):
+        """
+        If the URL indicated appears to be a repository defined in this
+        config, return the credential for that repository.
+        """
+        for repository, cred in self.creds_by_repository.items():
+            if url.startswith(repository):
+                return cred
+
+
+def open_with_auth(url, opener=urllib.request.urlopen):
+    """Open a urllib2 request, handling HTTP authentication"""
+
+    parsed = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+    scheme, netloc, path, params, query, frag = parsed
+
+    # Double scheme does not raise on Mac OS X as revealed by a
+    # failing test. We would expect "nonnumeric port". Refs #20.
+    if netloc.endswith(':'):
+        raise http_client.InvalidURL("nonnumeric port: ''")
+
+    if scheme in ('http', 'https'):
+        auth, address = _splituser(netloc)
+    else:
+        auth = None
+
+    if not auth:
+        cred = PyPIConfig().find_credential(url)
+        if cred:
+            auth = str(cred)
+            info = cred.username, url
+            log.info('Authenticating as %s for %s (from .pypirc)', *info)
+
+    if auth:
+        auth = "Basic " + _encode_auth(auth)
+        parts = scheme, address, path, params, query, frag
+        new_url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(parts)
+        request = urllib.request.Request(new_url)
+        request.add_header("Authorization", auth)
+    else:
+        request = urllib.request.Request(url)
+
+    request.add_header('User-Agent', user_agent)
+    fp = opener(request)
+
+    if auth:
+        # Put authentication info back into request URL if same host,
+        # so that links found on the page will work
+        s2, h2, path2, param2, query2, frag2 = urllib.parse.urlparse(fp.url)
+        if s2 == scheme and h2 == address:
+            parts = s2, netloc, path2, param2, query2, frag2
+            fp.url = urllib.parse.urlunparse(parts)
+
+    return fp
+
+
+# copy of urllib.parse._splituser from Python 3.8
+def _splituser(host):
+    """splituser('user[:passwd]@host[:port]') --> 'user[:passwd]', 'host[:port]'."""
+    user, delim, host = host.rpartition('@')
+    return (user if delim else None), host
+
+
+# adding a timeout to avoid freezing package_index
+open_with_auth = socket_timeout(_SOCKET_TIMEOUT)(open_with_auth)
+
+
+def fix_sf_url(url):
+    return url  # backward compatibility
+
+
+def local_open(url):
+    """Read a local path, with special support for directories"""
+    scheme, server, path, param, query, frag = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)
+    filename = urllib.request.url2pathname(path)
+    if os.path.isfile(filename):
+        return urllib.request.urlopen(url)
+    elif path.endswith('/') and os.path.isdir(filename):
+        files = []
+        for f in os.listdir(filename):
+            filepath = os.path.join(filename, f)
+            if f == 'index.html':
+                with open(filepath, 'r') as fp:
+                    body = fp.read()
+                break
+            elif os.path.isdir(filepath):
+                f += '/'
+            files.append('<a href="{name}">{name}</a>'.format(name=f))
+        else:
+            tmpl = (
+                "<html><head><title>{url}</title>"
+                "</head><body>{files}</body></html>")
+            body = tmpl.format(url=url, files='\n'.join(files))
+        status, message = 200, "OK"
+    else:
+        status, message, body = 404, "Path not found", "Not found"
+
+    headers = {'content-type': 'text/html'}
+    body_stream = six.StringIO(body)
+    return urllib.error.HTTPError(url, status, message, headers, body_stream)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/pep425tags.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/pep425tags.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..48745a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/pep425tags.py
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+# This file originally from pip:
+# https://github.com/pypa/pip/blob/8f4f15a5a95d7d5b511ceaee9ed261176c181970/src/pip/_internal/pep425tags.py
+"""Generate and work with PEP 425 Compatibility Tags."""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import distutils.util
+from distutils import log
+import platform
+import re
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+import warnings
+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+from .extern import six
+
+from . import glibc
+
+_osx_arch_pat = re.compile(r'(.+)_(\d+)_(\d+)_(.+)')
+
+
+def get_config_var(var):
+    try:
+        return sysconfig.get_config_var(var)
+    except IOError as e:  # Issue #1074
+        warnings.warn("{}".format(e), RuntimeWarning)
+        return None
+
+
+def get_abbr_impl():
+    """Return abbreviated implementation name."""
+    if hasattr(sys, 'pypy_version_info'):
+        pyimpl = 'pp'
+    elif sys.platform.startswith('java'):
+        pyimpl = 'jy'
+    elif sys.platform == 'cli':
+        pyimpl = 'ip'
+    else:
+        pyimpl = 'cp'
+    return pyimpl
+
+
+def get_impl_ver():
+    """Return implementation version."""
+    impl_ver = get_config_var("py_version_nodot")
+    if not impl_ver or get_abbr_impl() == 'pp':
+        impl_ver = ''.join(map(str, get_impl_version_info()))
+    return impl_ver
+
+
+def get_impl_version_info():
+    """Return sys.version_info-like tuple for use in decrementing the minor
+    version."""
+    if get_abbr_impl() == 'pp':
+        # as per https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/2882
+        return (sys.version_info[0], sys.pypy_version_info.major,
+                sys.pypy_version_info.minor)
+    else:
+        return sys.version_info[0], sys.version_info[1]
+
+
+def get_impl_tag():
+    """
+    Returns the Tag for this specific implementation.
+    """
+    return "{}{}".format(get_abbr_impl(), get_impl_ver())
+
+
+def get_flag(var, fallback, expected=True, warn=True):
+    """Use a fallback method for determining SOABI flags if the needed config
+    var is unset or unavailable."""
+    val = get_config_var(var)
+    if val is None:
+        if warn:
+            log.debug("Config variable '%s' is unset, Python ABI tag may "
+                      "be incorrect", var)
+        return fallback()
+    return val == expected
+
+
+def get_abi_tag():
+    """Return the ABI tag based on SOABI (if available) or emulate SOABI
+    (CPython 2, PyPy)."""
+    soabi = get_config_var('SOABI')
+    impl = get_abbr_impl()
+    if not soabi and impl in {'cp', 'pp'} and hasattr(sys, 'maxunicode'):
+        d = ''
+        m = ''
+        u = ''
+        if get_flag('Py_DEBUG',
+                    lambda: hasattr(sys, 'gettotalrefcount'),
+                    warn=(impl == 'cp')):
+            d = 'd'
+        if get_flag('WITH_PYMALLOC',
+                    lambda: impl == 'cp',
+                    warn=(impl == 'cp')):
+            m = 'm'
+        if get_flag('Py_UNICODE_SIZE',
+                    lambda: sys.maxunicode == 0x10ffff,
+                    expected=4,
+                    warn=(impl == 'cp' and
+                          six.PY2)) \
+                and six.PY2:
+            u = 'u'
+        abi = '%s%s%s%s%s' % (impl, get_impl_ver(), d, m, u)
+    elif soabi and soabi.startswith('cpython-'):
+        abi = 'cp' + soabi.split('-')[1]
+    elif soabi:
+        abi = soabi.replace('.', '_').replace('-', '_')
+    else:
+        abi = None
+    return abi
+
+
+def _is_running_32bit():
+    return sys.maxsize == 2147483647
+
+
+def get_platform():
+    """Return our platform name 'win32', 'linux_x86_64'"""
+    if sys.platform == 'darwin':
+        # distutils.util.get_platform() returns the release based on the value
+        # of MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET on which Python was built, which may
+        # be significantly older than the user's current machine.
+        release, _, machine = platform.mac_ver()
+        split_ver = release.split('.')
+
+        if machine == "x86_64" and _is_running_32bit():
+            machine = "i386"
+        elif machine == "ppc64" and _is_running_32bit():
+            machine = "ppc"
+
+        return 'macosx_{}_{}_{}'.format(split_ver[0], split_ver[1], machine)
+
+    # XXX remove distutils dependency
+    result = distutils.util.get_platform().replace('.', '_').replace('-', '_')
+    if result == "linux_x86_64" and _is_running_32bit():
+        # 32 bit Python program (running on a 64 bit Linux): pip should only
+        # install and run 32 bit compiled extensions in that case.
+        result = "linux_i686"
+
+    return result
+
+
+def is_manylinux1_compatible():
+    # Only Linux, and only x86-64 / i686
+    if get_platform() not in {"linux_x86_64", "linux_i686"}:
+        return False
+
+    # Check for presence of _manylinux module
+    try:
+        import _manylinux
+        return bool(_manylinux.manylinux1_compatible)
+    except (ImportError, AttributeError):
+        # Fall through to heuristic check below
+        pass
+
+    # Check glibc version. CentOS 5 uses glibc 2.5.
+    return glibc.have_compatible_glibc(2, 5)
+
+
+def get_darwin_arches(major, minor, machine):
+    """Return a list of supported arches (including group arches) for
+    the given major, minor and machine architecture of a macOS machine.
+    """
+    arches = []
+
+    def _supports_arch(major, minor, arch):
+        # Looking at the application support for macOS versions in the chart
+        # provided by https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS_X#Versions it appears
+        # our timeline looks roughly like:
+        #
+        # 10.0 - Introduces ppc support.
+        # 10.4 - Introduces ppc64, i386, and x86_64 support, however the ppc64
+        #        and x86_64 support is CLI only, and cannot be used for GUI
+        #        applications.
+        # 10.5 - Extends ppc64 and x86_64 support to cover GUI applications.
+        # 10.6 - Drops support for ppc64
+        # 10.7 - Drops support for ppc
+        #
+        # Given that we do not know if we're installing a CLI or a GUI
+        # application, we must be conservative and assume it might be a GUI
+        # application and behave as if ppc64 and x86_64 support did not occur
+        # until 10.5.
+        #
+        # Note: The above information is taken from the "Application support"
+        #       column in the chart not the "Processor support" since I believe
+        #       that we care about what instruction sets an application can use
+        #       not which processors the OS supports.
+        if arch == 'ppc':
+            return (major, minor) <= (10, 5)
+        if arch == 'ppc64':
+            return (major, minor) == (10, 5)
+        if arch == 'i386':
+            return (major, minor) >= (10, 4)
+        if arch == 'x86_64':
+            return (major, minor) >= (10, 5)
+        if arch in groups:
+            for garch in groups[arch]:
+                if _supports_arch(major, minor, garch):
+                    return True
+        return False
+
+    groups = OrderedDict([
+        ("fat", ("i386", "ppc")),
+        ("intel", ("x86_64", "i386")),
+        ("fat64", ("x86_64", "ppc64")),
+        ("fat32", ("x86_64", "i386", "ppc")),
+    ])
+
+    if _supports_arch(major, minor, machine):
+        arches.append(machine)
+
+    for garch in groups:
+        if machine in groups[garch] and _supports_arch(major, minor, garch):
+            arches.append(garch)
+
+    arches.append('universal')
+
+    return arches
+
+
+def get_supported(versions=None, noarch=False, platform=None,
+                  impl=None, abi=None):
+    """Return a list of supported tags for each version specified in
+    `versions`.
+
+    :param versions: a list of string versions, of the form ["33", "32"],
+        or None. The first version will be assumed to support our ABI.
+    :param platform: specify the exact platform you want valid
+        tags for, or None. If None, use the local system platform.
+    :param impl: specify the exact implementation you want valid
+        tags for, or None. If None, use the local interpreter impl.
+    :param abi: specify the exact abi you want valid
+        tags for, or None. If None, use the local interpreter abi.
+    """
+    supported = []
+
+    # Versions must be given with respect to the preference
+    if versions is None:
+        versions = []
+        version_info = get_impl_version_info()
+        major = version_info[:-1]
+        # Support all previous minor Python versions.
+        for minor in range(version_info[-1], -1, -1):
+            versions.append(''.join(map(str, major + (minor,))))
+
+    impl = impl or get_abbr_impl()
+
+    abis = []
+
+    abi = abi or get_abi_tag()
+    if abi:
+        abis[0:0] = [abi]
+
+    abi3s = set()
+    import imp
+    for suffix in imp.get_suffixes():
+        if suffix[0].startswith('.abi'):
+            abi3s.add(suffix[0].split('.', 2)[1])
+
+    abis.extend(sorted(list(abi3s)))
+
+    abis.append('none')
+
+    if not noarch:
+        arch = platform or get_platform()
+        if arch.startswith('macosx'):
+            # support macosx-10.6-intel on macosx-10.9-x86_64
+            match = _osx_arch_pat.match(arch)
+            if match:
+                name, major, minor, actual_arch = match.groups()
+                tpl = '{}_{}_%i_%s'.format(name, major)
+                arches = []
+                for m in reversed(range(int(minor) + 1)):
+                    for a in get_darwin_arches(int(major), m, actual_arch):
+                        arches.append(tpl % (m, a))
+            else:
+                # arch pattern didn't match (?!)
+                arches = [arch]
+        elif platform is None and is_manylinux1_compatible():
+            arches = [arch.replace('linux', 'manylinux1'), arch]
+        else:
+            arches = [arch]
+
+        # Current version, current API (built specifically for our Python):
+        for abi in abis:
+            for arch in arches:
+                supported.append(('%s%s' % (impl, versions[0]), abi, arch))
+
+        # abi3 modules compatible with older version of Python
+        for version in versions[1:]:
+            # abi3 was introduced in Python 3.2
+            if version in {'31', '30'}:
+                break
+            for abi in abi3s:   # empty set if not Python 3
+                for arch in arches:
+                    supported.append(("%s%s" % (impl, version), abi, arch))
+
+        # Has binaries, does not use the Python API:
+        for arch in arches:
+            supported.append(('py%s' % (versions[0][0]), 'none', arch))
+
+    # No abi / arch, but requires our implementation:
+    supported.append(('%s%s' % (impl, versions[0]), 'none', 'any'))
+    # Tagged specifically as being cross-version compatible
+    # (with just the major version specified)
+    supported.append(('%s%s' % (impl, versions[0][0]), 'none', 'any'))
+
+    # No abi / arch, generic Python
+    for i, version in enumerate(versions):
+        supported.append(('py%s' % (version,), 'none', 'any'))
+        if i == 0:
+            supported.append(('py%s' % (version[0]), 'none', 'any'))
+
+    return supported
+
+
+implementation_tag = get_impl_tag()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/py27compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/py27compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2985011
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/py27compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""
+Compatibility Support for Python 2.7 and earlier
+"""
+
+import platform
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+
+
+def get_all_headers(message, key):
+    """
+    Given an HTTPMessage, return all headers matching a given key.
+    """
+    return message.get_all(key)
+
+
+if six.PY2:
+    def get_all_headers(message, key):
+        return message.getheaders(key)
+
+
+linux_py2_ascii = (
+    platform.system() == 'Linux' and
+    six.PY2
+)
+
+rmtree_safe = str if linux_py2_ascii else lambda x: x
+"""Workaround for http://bugs.python.org/issue24672"""
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/py31compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/py31compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a0705e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/py31compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+__all__ = []
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+
+try:
+    # Python >=3.2
+    from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
+except ImportError:
+    import shutil
+    import tempfile
+
+    class TemporaryDirectory:
+        """
+        Very simple temporary directory context manager.
+        Will try to delete afterward, but will also ignore OS and similar
+        errors on deletion.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self):
+            self.name = None  # Handle mkdtemp raising an exception
+            self.name = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+
+        def __enter__(self):
+            return self.name
+
+        def __exit__(self, exctype, excvalue, exctrace):
+            try:
+                shutil.rmtree(self.name, True)
+            except OSError:  # removal errors are not the only possible
+                pass
+            self.name = None
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/py33compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/py33compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87cf539
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/py33compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import dis
+import array
+import collections
+
+try:
+    import html
+except ImportError:
+    html = None
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import html_parser
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+OpArg = collections.namedtuple('OpArg', 'opcode arg')
+
+
+class Bytecode_compat:
+    def __init__(self, code):
+        self.code = code
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Yield '(op,arg)' pair for each operation in code object 'code'"""
+
+        bytes = array.array('b', self.code.co_code)
+        eof = len(self.code.co_code)
+
+        ptr = 0
+        extended_arg = 0
+
+        while ptr < eof:
+
+            op = bytes[ptr]
+
+            if op >= dis.HAVE_ARGUMENT:
+
+                arg = bytes[ptr + 1] + bytes[ptr + 2] * 256 + extended_arg
+                ptr += 3
+
+                if op == dis.EXTENDED_ARG:
+                    long_type = six.integer_types[-1]
+                    extended_arg = arg * long_type(65536)
+                    continue
+
+            else:
+                arg = None
+                ptr += 1
+
+            yield OpArg(op, arg)
+
+
+Bytecode = getattr(dis, 'Bytecode', Bytecode_compat)
+
+
+unescape = getattr(html, 'unescape', html_parser.HTMLParser().unescape)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..685f3f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py
@@ -0,0 +1,491 @@
+import os
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import operator
+import functools
+import itertools
+import re
+import contextlib
+import pickle
+import textwrap
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import builtins, map
+
+import pkg_resources.py31compat
+
+if sys.platform.startswith('java'):
+    import org.python.modules.posix.PosixModule as _os
+else:
+    _os = sys.modules[os.name]
+try:
+    _file = file
+except NameError:
+    _file = None
+_open = open
+from distutils.errors import DistutilsError
+from pkg_resources import working_set
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "AbstractSandbox", "DirectorySandbox", "SandboxViolation", "run_setup",
+]
+
+
+def _execfile(filename, globals, locals=None):
+    """
+    Python 3 implementation of execfile.
+    """
+    mode = 'rb'
+    with open(filename, mode) as stream:
+        script = stream.read()
+    if locals is None:
+        locals = globals
+    code = compile(script, filename, 'exec')
+    exec(code, globals, locals)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def save_argv(repl=None):
+    saved = sys.argv[:]
+    if repl is not None:
+        sys.argv[:] = repl
+    try:
+        yield saved
+    finally:
+        sys.argv[:] = saved
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def save_path():
+    saved = sys.path[:]
+    try:
+        yield saved
+    finally:
+        sys.path[:] = saved
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def override_temp(replacement):
+    """
+    Monkey-patch tempfile.tempdir with replacement, ensuring it exists
+    """
+    pkg_resources.py31compat.makedirs(replacement, exist_ok=True)
+
+    saved = tempfile.tempdir
+
+    tempfile.tempdir = replacement
+
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        tempfile.tempdir = saved
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def pushd(target):
+    saved = os.getcwd()
+    os.chdir(target)
+    try:
+        yield saved
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(saved)
+
+
+class UnpickleableException(Exception):
+    """
+    An exception representing another Exception that could not be pickled.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def dump(type, exc):
+        """
+        Always return a dumped (pickled) type and exc. If exc can't be pickled,
+        wrap it in UnpickleableException first.
+        """
+        try:
+            return pickle.dumps(type), pickle.dumps(exc)
+        except Exception:
+            # get UnpickleableException inside the sandbox
+            from setuptools.sandbox import UnpickleableException as cls
+            return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
+
+
+class ExceptionSaver:
+    """
+    A Context Manager that will save an exception, serialized, and restore it
+    later.
+    """
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, type, exc, tb):
+        if not exc:
+            return
+
+        # dump the exception
+        self._saved = UnpickleableException.dump(type, exc)
+        self._tb = tb
+
+        # suppress the exception
+        return True
+
+    def resume(self):
+        "restore and re-raise any exception"
+
+        if '_saved' not in vars(self):
+            return
+
+        type, exc = map(pickle.loads, self._saved)
+        six.reraise(type, exc, self._tb)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def save_modules():
+    """
+    Context in which imported modules are saved.
+
+    Translates exceptions internal to the context into the equivalent exception
+    outside the context.
+    """
+    saved = sys.modules.copy()
+    with ExceptionSaver() as saved_exc:
+        yield saved
+
+    sys.modules.update(saved)
+    # remove any modules imported since
+    del_modules = (
+        mod_name for mod_name in sys.modules
+        if mod_name not in saved
+        # exclude any encodings modules. See #285
+        and not mod_name.startswith('encodings.')
+    )
+    _clear_modules(del_modules)
+
+    saved_exc.resume()
+
+
+def _clear_modules(module_names):
+    for mod_name in list(module_names):
+        del sys.modules[mod_name]
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def save_pkg_resources_state():
+    saved = pkg_resources.__getstate__()
+    try:
+        yield saved
+    finally:
+        pkg_resources.__setstate__(saved)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def setup_context(setup_dir):
+    temp_dir = os.path.join(setup_dir, 'temp')
+    with save_pkg_resources_state():
+        with save_modules():
+            hide_setuptools()
+            with save_path():
+                with save_argv():
+                    with override_temp(temp_dir):
+                        with pushd(setup_dir):
+                            # ensure setuptools commands are available
+                            __import__('setuptools')
+                            yield
+
+
+def _needs_hiding(mod_name):
+    """
+    >>> _needs_hiding('setuptools')
+    True
+    >>> _needs_hiding('pkg_resources')
+    True
+    >>> _needs_hiding('setuptools_plugin')
+    False
+    >>> _needs_hiding('setuptools.__init__')
+    True
+    >>> _needs_hiding('distutils')
+    True
+    >>> _needs_hiding('os')
+    False
+    >>> _needs_hiding('Cython')
+    True
+    """
+    pattern = re.compile(r'(setuptools|pkg_resources|distutils|Cython)(\.|$)')
+    return bool(pattern.match(mod_name))
+
+
+def hide_setuptools():
+    """
+    Remove references to setuptools' modules from sys.modules to allow the
+    invocation to import the most appropriate setuptools. This technique is
+    necessary to avoid issues such as #315 where setuptools upgrading itself
+    would fail to find a function declared in the metadata.
+    """
+    modules = filter(_needs_hiding, sys.modules)
+    _clear_modules(modules)
+
+
+def run_setup(setup_script, args):
+    """Run a distutils setup script, sandboxed in its directory"""
+    setup_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(setup_script))
+    with setup_context(setup_dir):
+        try:
+            sys.argv[:] = [setup_script] + list(args)
+            sys.path.insert(0, setup_dir)
+            # reset to include setup dir, w/clean callback list
+            working_set.__init__()
+            working_set.callbacks.append(lambda dist: dist.activate())
+
+            # __file__ should be a byte string on Python 2 (#712)
+            dunder_file = (
+                setup_script
+                if isinstance(setup_script, str) else
+                setup_script.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+            )
+
+            with DirectorySandbox(setup_dir):
+                ns = dict(__file__=dunder_file, __name__='__main__')
+                _execfile(setup_script, ns)
+        except SystemExit as v:
+            if v.args and v.args[0]:
+                raise
+            # Normal exit, just return
+
+
+class AbstractSandbox:
+    """Wrap 'os' module and 'open()' builtin for virtualizing setup scripts"""
+
+    _active = False
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._attrs = [
+            name for name in dir(_os)
+            if not name.startswith('_') and hasattr(self, name)
+        ]
+
+    def _copy(self, source):
+        for name in self._attrs:
+            setattr(os, name, getattr(source, name))
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self._copy(self)
+        if _file:
+            builtins.file = self._file
+        builtins.open = self._open
+        self._active = True
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+        self._active = False
+        if _file:
+            builtins.file = _file
+        builtins.open = _open
+        self._copy(_os)
+
+    def run(self, func):
+        """Run 'func' under os sandboxing"""
+        with self:
+            return func()
+
+    def _mk_dual_path_wrapper(name):
+        original = getattr(_os, name)
+
+        def wrap(self, src, dst, *args, **kw):
+            if self._active:
+                src, dst = self._remap_pair(name, src, dst, *args, **kw)
+            return original(src, dst, *args, **kw)
+
+        return wrap
+
+    for name in ["rename", "link", "symlink"]:
+        if hasattr(_os, name):
+            locals()[name] = _mk_dual_path_wrapper(name)
+
+    def _mk_single_path_wrapper(name, original=None):
+        original = original or getattr(_os, name)
+
+        def wrap(self, path, *args, **kw):
+            if self._active:
+                path = self._remap_input(name, path, *args, **kw)
+            return original(path, *args, **kw)
+
+        return wrap
+
+    if _file:
+        _file = _mk_single_path_wrapper('file', _file)
+    _open = _mk_single_path_wrapper('open', _open)
+    for name in [
+        "stat", "listdir", "chdir", "open", "chmod", "chown", "mkdir",
+        "remove", "unlink", "rmdir", "utime", "lchown", "chroot", "lstat",
+        "startfile", "mkfifo", "mknod", "pathconf", "access"
+    ]:
+        if hasattr(_os, name):
+            locals()[name] = _mk_single_path_wrapper(name)
+
+    def _mk_single_with_return(name):
+        original = getattr(_os, name)
+
+        def wrap(self, path, *args, **kw):
+            if self._active:
+                path = self._remap_input(name, path, *args, **kw)
+                return self._remap_output(name, original(path, *args, **kw))
+            return original(path, *args, **kw)
+
+        return wrap
+
+    for name in ['readlink', 'tempnam']:
+        if hasattr(_os, name):
+            locals()[name] = _mk_single_with_return(name)
+
+    def _mk_query(name):
+        original = getattr(_os, name)
+
+        def wrap(self, *args, **kw):
+            retval = original(*args, **kw)
+            if self._active:
+                return self._remap_output(name, retval)
+            return retval
+
+        return wrap
+
+    for name in ['getcwd', 'tmpnam']:
+        if hasattr(_os, name):
+            locals()[name] = _mk_query(name)
+
+    def _validate_path(self, path):
+        """Called to remap or validate any path, whether input or output"""
+        return path
+
+    def _remap_input(self, operation, path, *args, **kw):
+        """Called for path inputs"""
+        return self._validate_path(path)
+
+    def _remap_output(self, operation, path):
+        """Called for path outputs"""
+        return self._validate_path(path)
+
+    def _remap_pair(self, operation, src, dst, *args, **kw):
+        """Called for path pairs like rename, link, and symlink operations"""
+        return (
+            self._remap_input(operation + '-from', src, *args, **kw),
+            self._remap_input(operation + '-to', dst, *args, **kw)
+        )
+
+
+if hasattr(os, 'devnull'):
+    _EXCEPTIONS = [os.devnull,]
+else:
+    _EXCEPTIONS = []
+
+
+class DirectorySandbox(AbstractSandbox):
+    """Restrict operations to a single subdirectory - pseudo-chroot"""
+
+    write_ops = dict.fromkeys([
+        "open", "chmod", "chown", "mkdir", "remove", "unlink", "rmdir",
+        "utime", "lchown", "chroot", "mkfifo", "mknod", "tempnam",
+    ])
+
+    _exception_patterns = [
+        # Allow lib2to3 to attempt to save a pickled grammar object (#121)
+        r'.*lib2to3.*\.pickle$',
+    ]
+    "exempt writing to paths that match the pattern"
+
+    def __init__(self, sandbox, exceptions=_EXCEPTIONS):
+        self._sandbox = os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(sandbox))
+        self._prefix = os.path.join(self._sandbox, '')
+        self._exceptions = [
+            os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(path))
+            for path in exceptions
+        ]
+        AbstractSandbox.__init__(self)
+
+    def _violation(self, operation, *args, **kw):
+        from setuptools.sandbox import SandboxViolation
+        raise SandboxViolation(operation, args, kw)
+
+    if _file:
+
+        def _file(self, path, mode='r', *args, **kw):
+            if mode not in ('r', 'rt', 'rb', 'rU', 'U') and not self._ok(path):
+                self._violation("file", path, mode, *args, **kw)
+            return _file(path, mode, *args, **kw)
+
+    def _open(self, path, mode='r', *args, **kw):
+        if mode not in ('r', 'rt', 'rb', 'rU', 'U') and not self._ok(path):
+            self._violation("open", path, mode, *args, **kw)
+        return _open(path, mode, *args, **kw)
+
+    def tmpnam(self):
+        self._violation("tmpnam")
+
+    def _ok(self, path):
+        active = self._active
+        try:
+            self._active = False
+            realpath = os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(path))
+            return (
+                self._exempted(realpath)
+                or realpath == self._sandbox
+                or realpath.startswith(self._prefix)
+            )
+        finally:
+            self._active = active
+
+    def _exempted(self, filepath):
+        start_matches = (
+            filepath.startswith(exception)
+            for exception in self._exceptions
+        )
+        pattern_matches = (
+            re.match(pattern, filepath)
+            for pattern in self._exception_patterns
+        )
+        candidates = itertools.chain(start_matches, pattern_matches)
+        return any(candidates)
+
+    def _remap_input(self, operation, path, *args, **kw):
+        """Called for path inputs"""
+        if operation in self.write_ops and not self._ok(path):
+            self._violation(operation, os.path.realpath(path), *args, **kw)
+        return path
+
+    def _remap_pair(self, operation, src, dst, *args, **kw):
+        """Called for path pairs like rename, link, and symlink operations"""
+        if not self._ok(src) or not self._ok(dst):
+            self._violation(operation, src, dst, *args, **kw)
+        return (src, dst)
+
+    def open(self, file, flags, mode=0o777, *args, **kw):
+        """Called for low-level os.open()"""
+        if flags & WRITE_FLAGS and not self._ok(file):
+            self._violation("os.open", file, flags, mode, *args, **kw)
+        return _os.open(file, flags, mode, *args, **kw)
+
+
+WRITE_FLAGS = functools.reduce(
+    operator.or_, [getattr(_os, a, 0) for a in
+        "O_WRONLY O_RDWR O_APPEND O_CREAT O_TRUNC O_TEMPORARY".split()]
+)
+
+
+class SandboxViolation(DistutilsError):
+    """A setup script attempted to modify the filesystem outside the sandbox"""
+
+    tmpl = textwrap.dedent("""
+        SandboxViolation: {cmd}{args!r} {kwargs}
+
+        The package setup script has attempted to modify files on your system
+        that are not within the EasyInstall build area, and has been aborted.
+
+        This package cannot be safely installed by EasyInstall, and may not
+        support alternate installation locations even if you run its setup
+        script by hand.  Please inform the package's author and the EasyInstall
+        maintainers to find out if a fix or workaround is available.
+        """).lstrip()
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        cmd, args, kwargs = self.args
+        return self.tmpl.format(**locals())
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/script (dev).tmpl b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/script (dev).tmpl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39a24b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/script (dev).tmpl	
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# EASY-INSTALL-DEV-SCRIPT: %(spec)r,%(script_name)r
+__requires__ = %(spec)r
+__import__('pkg_resources').require(%(spec)r)
+__file__ = %(dev_path)r
+with open(__file__) as f:
+    exec(compile(f.read(), __file__, 'exec'))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/script.tmpl b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/script.tmpl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff5efbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/script.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# EASY-INSTALL-SCRIPT: %(spec)r,%(script_name)r
+__requires__ = %(spec)r
+__import__('pkg_resources').run_script(%(spec)r, %(script_name)r)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/site-patch.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/site-patch.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40b00de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/site-patch.py
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+def __boot():
+    import sys
+    import os
+    PYTHONPATH = os.environ.get('PYTHONPATH')
+    if PYTHONPATH is None or (sys.platform == 'win32' and not PYTHONPATH):
+        PYTHONPATH = []
+    else:
+        PYTHONPATH = PYTHONPATH.split(os.pathsep)
+
+    pic = getattr(sys, 'path_importer_cache', {})
+    stdpath = sys.path[len(PYTHONPATH):]
+    mydir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+
+    for item in stdpath:
+        if item == mydir or not item:
+            continue  # skip if current dir. on Windows, or my own directory
+        importer = pic.get(item)
+        if importer is not None:
+            loader = importer.find_module('site')
+            if loader is not None:
+                # This should actually reload the current module
+                loader.load_module('site')
+                break
+        else:
+            try:
+                import imp  # Avoid import loop in Python 3
+                stream, path, descr = imp.find_module('site', [item])
+            except ImportError:
+                continue
+            if stream is None:
+                continue
+            try:
+                # This should actually reload the current module
+                imp.load_module('site', stream, path, descr)
+            finally:
+                stream.close()
+            break
+    else:
+        raise ImportError("Couldn't find the real 'site' module")
+
+    known_paths = dict([(makepath(item)[1], 1) for item in sys.path])  # 2.2 comp
+
+    oldpos = getattr(sys, '__egginsert', 0)  # save old insertion position
+    sys.__egginsert = 0  # and reset the current one
+
+    for item in PYTHONPATH:
+        addsitedir(item)
+
+    sys.__egginsert += oldpos  # restore effective old position
+
+    d, nd = makepath(stdpath[0])
+    insert_at = None
+    new_path = []
+
+    for item in sys.path:
+        p, np = makepath(item)
+
+        if np == nd and insert_at is None:
+            # We've hit the first 'system' path entry, so added entries go here
+            insert_at = len(new_path)
+
+        if np in known_paths or insert_at is None:
+            new_path.append(item)
+        else:
+            # new path after the insert point, back-insert it
+            new_path.insert(insert_at, item)
+            insert_at += 1
+
+    sys.path[:] = new_path
+
+
+if __name__ == 'site':
+    __boot()
+    del __boot
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/ssl_support.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/ssl_support.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..226db69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/ssl_support.py
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+import os
+import socket
+import atexit
+import re
+import functools
+
+from setuptools.extern.six.moves import urllib, http_client, map, filter
+
+from pkg_resources import ResolutionError, ExtractionError
+
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    ssl = None
+
+__all__ = [
+    'VerifyingHTTPSHandler', 'find_ca_bundle', 'is_available', 'cert_paths',
+    'opener_for'
+]
+
+cert_paths = """
+/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
+/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
+/usr/share/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt
+/usr/local/share/certs/ca-root.crt
+/etc/ssl/cert.pem
+/System/Library/OpenSSL/certs/cert.pem
+/usr/local/share/certs/ca-root-nss.crt
+/etc/ssl/ca-bundle.pem
+""".strip().split()
+
+try:
+    HTTPSHandler = urllib.request.HTTPSHandler
+    HTTPSConnection = http_client.HTTPSConnection
+except AttributeError:
+    HTTPSHandler = HTTPSConnection = object
+
+is_available = ssl is not None and object not in (HTTPSHandler, HTTPSConnection)
+
+
+try:
+    from ssl import CertificateError, match_hostname
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from backports.ssl_match_hostname import CertificateError
+        from backports.ssl_match_hostname import match_hostname
+    except ImportError:
+        CertificateError = None
+        match_hostname = None
+
+if not CertificateError:
+
+    class CertificateError(ValueError):
+        pass
+
+
+if not match_hostname:
+
+    def _dnsname_match(dn, hostname, max_wildcards=1):
+        """Matching according to RFC 6125, section 6.4.3
+
+        https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6125#section-6.4.3
+        """
+        pats = []
+        if not dn:
+            return False
+
+        # Ported from python3-syntax:
+        # leftmost, *remainder = dn.split(r'.')
+        parts = dn.split(r'.')
+        leftmost = parts[0]
+        remainder = parts[1:]
+
+        wildcards = leftmost.count('*')
+        if wildcards > max_wildcards:
+            # Issue #17980: avoid denials of service by refusing more
+            # than one wildcard per fragment.  A survey of established
+            # policy among SSL implementations showed it to be a
+            # reasonable choice.
+            raise CertificateError(
+                "too many wildcards in certificate DNS name: " + repr(dn))
+
+        # speed up common case w/o wildcards
+        if not wildcards:
+            return dn.lower() == hostname.lower()
+
+        # RFC 6125, section 6.4.3, subitem 1.
+        # The client SHOULD NOT attempt to match a presented identifier in which
+        # the wildcard character comprises a label other than the left-most label.
+        if leftmost == '*':
+            # When '*' is a fragment by itself, it matches a non-empty dotless
+            # fragment.
+            pats.append('[^.]+')
+        elif leftmost.startswith('xn--') or hostname.startswith('xn--'):
+            # RFC 6125, section 6.4.3, subitem 3.
+            # The client SHOULD NOT attempt to match a presented identifier
+            # where the wildcard character is embedded within an A-label or
+            # U-label of an internationalized domain name.
+            pats.append(re.escape(leftmost))
+        else:
+            # Otherwise, '*' matches any dotless string, e.g. www*
+            pats.append(re.escape(leftmost).replace(r'\*', '[^.]*'))
+
+        # add the remaining fragments, ignore any wildcards
+        for frag in remainder:
+            pats.append(re.escape(frag))
+
+        pat = re.compile(r'\A' + r'\.'.join(pats) + r'\Z', re.IGNORECASE)
+        return pat.match(hostname)
+
+    def match_hostname(cert, hostname):
+        """Verify that *cert* (in decoded format as returned by
+        SSLSocket.getpeercert()) matches the *hostname*.  RFC 2818 and RFC 6125
+        rules are followed, but IP addresses are not accepted for *hostname*.
+
+        CertificateError is raised on failure. On success, the function
+        returns nothing.
+        """
+        if not cert:
+            raise ValueError("empty or no certificate")
+        dnsnames = []
+        san = cert.get('subjectAltName', ())
+        for key, value in san:
+            if key == 'DNS':
+                if _dnsname_match(value, hostname):
+                    return
+                dnsnames.append(value)
+        if not dnsnames:
+            # The subject is only checked when there is no dNSName entry
+            # in subjectAltName
+            for sub in cert.get('subject', ()):
+                for key, value in sub:
+                    # XXX according to RFC 2818, the most specific Common Name
+                    # must be used.
+                    if key == 'commonName':
+                        if _dnsname_match(value, hostname):
+                            return
+                        dnsnames.append(value)
+        if len(dnsnames) > 1:
+            raise CertificateError("hostname %r "
+                "doesn't match either of %s"
+                % (hostname, ', '.join(map(repr, dnsnames))))
+        elif len(dnsnames) == 1:
+            raise CertificateError("hostname %r "
+                "doesn't match %r"
+                % (hostname, dnsnames[0]))
+        else:
+            raise CertificateError("no appropriate commonName or "
+                "subjectAltName fields were found")
+
+
+class VerifyingHTTPSHandler(HTTPSHandler):
+    """Simple verifying handler: no auth, subclasses, timeouts, etc."""
+
+    def __init__(self, ca_bundle):
+        self.ca_bundle = ca_bundle
+        HTTPSHandler.__init__(self)
+
+    def https_open(self, req):
+        return self.do_open(
+            lambda host, **kw: VerifyingHTTPSConn(host, self.ca_bundle, **kw), req
+        )
+
+
+class VerifyingHTTPSConn(HTTPSConnection):
+    """Simple verifying connection: no auth, subclasses, timeouts, etc."""
+
+    def __init__(self, host, ca_bundle, **kw):
+        HTTPSConnection.__init__(self, host, **kw)
+        self.ca_bundle = ca_bundle
+
+    def connect(self):
+        sock = socket.create_connection(
+            (self.host, self.port), getattr(self, 'source_address', None)
+        )
+
+        # Handle the socket if a (proxy) tunnel is present
+        if hasattr(self, '_tunnel') and getattr(self, '_tunnel_host', None):
+            self.sock = sock
+            self._tunnel()
+            # http://bugs.python.org/issue7776: Python>=3.4.1 and >=2.7.7
+            # change self.host to mean the proxy server host when tunneling is
+            # being used. Adapt, since we are interested in the destination
+            # host for the match_hostname() comparison.
+            actual_host = self._tunnel_host
+        else:
+            actual_host = self.host
+
+        if hasattr(ssl, 'create_default_context'):
+            ctx = ssl.create_default_context(cafile=self.ca_bundle)
+            self.sock = ctx.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=actual_host)
+        else:
+            # This is for python < 2.7.9 and < 3.4?
+            self.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(
+                sock, cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED, ca_certs=self.ca_bundle
+            )
+        try:
+            match_hostname(self.sock.getpeercert(), actual_host)
+        except CertificateError:
+            self.sock.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
+            self.sock.close()
+            raise
+
+
+def opener_for(ca_bundle=None):
+    """Get a urlopen() replacement that uses ca_bundle for verification"""
+    return urllib.request.build_opener(
+        VerifyingHTTPSHandler(ca_bundle or find_ca_bundle())
+    ).open
+
+
+# from jaraco.functools
+def once(func):
+    @functools.wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        if not hasattr(func, 'always_returns'):
+            func.always_returns = func(*args, **kwargs)
+        return func.always_returns
+    return wrapper
+
+
+@once
+def get_win_certfile():
+    try:
+        import wincertstore
+    except ImportError:
+        return None
+
+    class CertFile(wincertstore.CertFile):
+        def __init__(self):
+            super(CertFile, self).__init__()
+            atexit.register(self.close)
+
+        def close(self):
+            try:
+                super(CertFile, self).close()
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+
+    _wincerts = CertFile()
+    _wincerts.addstore('CA')
+    _wincerts.addstore('ROOT')
+    return _wincerts.name
+
+
+def find_ca_bundle():
+    """Return an existing CA bundle path, or None"""
+    extant_cert_paths = filter(os.path.isfile, cert_paths)
+    return (
+        get_win_certfile()
+        or next(extant_cert_paths, None)
+        or _certifi_where()
+    )
+
+
+def _certifi_where():
+    try:
+        return __import__('certifi').where()
+    except (ImportError, ResolutionError, ExtractionError):
+        pass
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/unicode_utils.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/unicode_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b8179a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/unicode_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import unicodedata
+import sys
+import re
+
+from setuptools.extern import six
+
+
+# HFS Plus uses decomposed UTF-8
+def decompose(path):
+    if isinstance(path, six.text_type):
+        return unicodedata.normalize('NFD', path)
+    try:
+        path = path.decode('utf-8')
+        path = unicodedata.normalize('NFD', path)
+        path = path.encode('utf-8')
+    except UnicodeError:
+        pass  # Not UTF-8
+    return path
+
+
+def filesys_decode(path):
+    """
+    Ensure that the given path is decoded,
+    NONE when no expected encoding works
+    """
+
+    if isinstance(path, six.text_type):
+        return path
+
+    fs_enc = sys.getfilesystemencoding() or 'utf-8'
+    candidates = fs_enc, 'utf-8'
+
+    for enc in candidates:
+        try:
+            return path.decode(enc)
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            continue
+
+
+def try_encode(string, enc):
+    "turn unicode encoding into a functional routine"
+    try:
+        return string.encode(enc)
+    except UnicodeEncodeError:
+        return None
+
+
+CODING_RE = re.compile(br'^[ \t\f]*#.*?coding[:=][ \t]*([-\w.]+)')
+
+
+def detect_encoding(fp):
+    first_line = fp.readline()
+    fp.seek(0)
+    m = CODING_RE.match(first_line)
+    if m is None:
+        return None
+    return m.group(1).decode('ascii')
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/version.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/version.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95e1869
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/version.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import pkg_resources
+
+try:
+    __version__ = pkg_resources.get_distribution('setuptools').version
+except Exception:
+    __version__ = 'unknown'
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/wheel.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/wheel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e11f0a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/wheel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+"""Wheels support."""
+
+from distutils.util import get_platform
+import email
+import itertools
+import os
+import posixpath
+import re
+import zipfile
+
+import pkg_resources
+import setuptools
+from pkg_resources import parse_version
+from setuptools.extern.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
+from setuptools.extern.six import PY3
+from setuptools import pep425tags
+from setuptools.command.egg_info import write_requirements
+
+
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+
+WHEEL_NAME = re.compile(
+    r"""^(?P<project_name>.+?)-(?P<version>\d.*?)
+    ((-(?P<build>\d.*?))?-(?P<py_version>.+?)-(?P<abi>.+?)-(?P<platform>.+?)
+    )\.whl$""",
+    re.VERBOSE).match
+
+NAMESPACE_PACKAGE_INIT = '''\
+try:
+    __import__('pkg_resources').declare_namespace(__name__)
+except ImportError:
+    __path__ = __import__('pkgutil').extend_path(__path__, __name__)
+'''
+
+
+def unpack(src_dir, dst_dir):
+    '''Move everything under `src_dir` to `dst_dir`, and delete the former.'''
+    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(src_dir):
+        subdir = os.path.relpath(dirpath, src_dir)
+        for f in filenames:
+            src = os.path.join(dirpath, f)
+            dst = os.path.join(dst_dir, subdir, f)
+            os.renames(src, dst)
+        for n, d in reversed(list(enumerate(dirnames))):
+            src = os.path.join(dirpath, d)
+            dst = os.path.join(dst_dir, subdir, d)
+            if not os.path.exists(dst):
+                # Directory does not exist in destination,
+                # rename it and prune it from os.walk list.
+                os.renames(src, dst)
+                del dirnames[n]
+    # Cleanup.
+    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(src_dir, topdown=True):
+        assert not filenames
+        os.rmdir(dirpath)
+
+
+class Wheel:
+
+    def __init__(self, filename):
+        match = WHEEL_NAME(os.path.basename(filename))
+        if match is None:
+            raise ValueError('invalid wheel name: %r' % filename)
+        self.filename = filename
+        for k, v in match.groupdict().items():
+            setattr(self, k, v)
+
+    def tags(self):
+        '''List tags (py_version, abi, platform) supported by this wheel.'''
+        return itertools.product(
+            self.py_version.split('.'),
+            self.abi.split('.'),
+            self.platform.split('.'),
+        )
+
+    def is_compatible(self):
+        '''Is the wheel is compatible with the current platform?'''
+        supported_tags = pep425tags.get_supported()
+        return next((True for t in self.tags() if t in supported_tags), False)
+
+    def egg_name(self):
+        return pkg_resources.Distribution(
+            project_name=self.project_name, version=self.version,
+            platform=(None if self.platform == 'any' else get_platform()),
+        ).egg_name() + '.egg'
+
+    def get_dist_info(self, zf):
+        # find the correct name of the .dist-info dir in the wheel file
+        for member in zf.namelist():
+            dirname = posixpath.dirname(member)
+            if (dirname.endswith('.dist-info') and
+                    canonicalize_name(dirname).startswith(
+                        canonicalize_name(self.project_name))):
+                return dirname
+        raise ValueError("unsupported wheel format. .dist-info not found")
+
+    def install_as_egg(self, destination_eggdir):
+        '''Install wheel as an egg directory.'''
+        with zipfile.ZipFile(self.filename) as zf:
+            self._install_as_egg(destination_eggdir, zf)
+
+    def _install_as_egg(self, destination_eggdir, zf):
+        dist_basename = '%s-%s' % (self.project_name, self.version)
+        dist_info = self.get_dist_info(zf)
+        dist_data = '%s.data' % dist_basename
+        egg_info = os.path.join(destination_eggdir, 'EGG-INFO')
+
+        self._convert_metadata(zf, destination_eggdir, dist_info, egg_info)
+        self._move_data_entries(destination_eggdir, dist_data)
+        self._fix_namespace_packages(egg_info, destination_eggdir)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _convert_metadata(zf, destination_eggdir, dist_info, egg_info):
+        def get_metadata(name):
+            with zf.open(posixpath.join(dist_info, name)) as fp:
+                value = fp.read().decode('utf-8') if PY3 else fp.read()
+                return email.parser.Parser().parsestr(value)
+
+        wheel_metadata = get_metadata('WHEEL')
+        # Check wheel format version is supported.
+        wheel_version = parse_version(wheel_metadata.get('Wheel-Version'))
+        wheel_v1 = (
+            parse_version('1.0') <= wheel_version < parse_version('2.0dev0')
+        )
+        if not wheel_v1:
+            raise ValueError(
+                'unsupported wheel format version: %s' % wheel_version)
+        # Extract to target directory.
+        os.mkdir(destination_eggdir)
+        zf.extractall(destination_eggdir)
+        # Convert metadata.
+        dist_info = os.path.join(destination_eggdir, dist_info)
+        dist = pkg_resources.Distribution.from_location(
+            destination_eggdir, dist_info,
+            metadata=pkg_resources.PathMetadata(destination_eggdir, dist_info),
+        )
+
+        # Note: Evaluate and strip markers now,
+        # as it's difficult to convert back from the syntax:
+        # foobar; "linux" in sys_platform and extra == 'test'
+        def raw_req(req):
+            req.marker = None
+            return str(req)
+        install_requires = list(sorted(map(raw_req, dist.requires())))
+        extras_require = {
+            extra: sorted(
+                req
+                for req in map(raw_req, dist.requires((extra,)))
+                if req not in install_requires
+            )
+            for extra in dist.extras
+        }
+        os.rename(dist_info, egg_info)
+        os.rename(
+            os.path.join(egg_info, 'METADATA'),
+            os.path.join(egg_info, 'PKG-INFO'),
+        )
+        setup_dist = setuptools.Distribution(
+            attrs=dict(
+                install_requires=install_requires,
+                extras_require=extras_require,
+            ),
+        )
+        write_requirements(
+            setup_dist.get_command_obj('egg_info'),
+            None,
+            os.path.join(egg_info, 'requires.txt'),
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _move_data_entries(destination_eggdir, dist_data):
+        """Move data entries to their correct location."""
+        dist_data = os.path.join(destination_eggdir, dist_data)
+        dist_data_scripts = os.path.join(dist_data, 'scripts')
+        if os.path.exists(dist_data_scripts):
+            egg_info_scripts = os.path.join(
+                destination_eggdir, 'EGG-INFO', 'scripts')
+            os.mkdir(egg_info_scripts)
+            for entry in os.listdir(dist_data_scripts):
+                # Remove bytecode, as it's not properly handled
+                # during easy_install scripts install phase.
+                if entry.endswith('.pyc'):
+                    os.unlink(os.path.join(dist_data_scripts, entry))
+                else:
+                    os.rename(
+                        os.path.join(dist_data_scripts, entry),
+                        os.path.join(egg_info_scripts, entry),
+                    )
+            os.rmdir(dist_data_scripts)
+        for subdir in filter(os.path.exists, (
+            os.path.join(dist_data, d)
+            for d in ('data', 'headers', 'purelib', 'platlib')
+        )):
+            unpack(subdir, destination_eggdir)
+        if os.path.exists(dist_data):
+            os.rmdir(dist_data)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _fix_namespace_packages(egg_info, destination_eggdir):
+        namespace_packages = os.path.join(
+            egg_info, 'namespace_packages.txt')
+        if os.path.exists(namespace_packages):
+            with open(namespace_packages) as fp:
+                namespace_packages = fp.read().split()
+            for mod in namespace_packages:
+                mod_dir = os.path.join(destination_eggdir, *mod.split('.'))
+                mod_init = os.path.join(mod_dir, '__init__.py')
+                if os.path.exists(mod_dir) and not os.path.exists(mod_init):
+                    with open(mod_init, 'w') as fp:
+                        fp.write(NAMESPACE_PACKAGE_INIT)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/windows_support.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/windows_support.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb977cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/windows_support.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import platform
+import ctypes
+
+
+def windows_only(func):
+    if platform.system() != 'Windows':
+        return lambda *args, **kwargs: None
+    return func
+
+
+@windows_only
+def hide_file(path):
+    """
+    Set the hidden attribute on a file or directory.
+
+    From http://stackoverflow.com/questions/19622133/
+
+    `path` must be text.
+    """
+    __import__('ctypes.wintypes')
+    SetFileAttributes = ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetFileAttributesW
+    SetFileAttributes.argtypes = ctypes.wintypes.LPWSTR, ctypes.wintypes.DWORD
+    SetFileAttributes.restype = ctypes.wintypes.BOOL
+
+    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN = 0x02
+
+    ret = SetFileAttributes(path, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN)
+    if not ret:
+        raise ctypes.WinError()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..583f9f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE
+==========================
+
+Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting
+Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands
+as a successor of a language called ABC.  Guido remains Python's
+principal author, although it includes many contributions from others.
+
+In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for
+National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us)
+in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the
+software.
+
+In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to
+BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team.  In October of the same
+year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope
+Corporation, see http://www.zope.com).  In 2001, the Python Software
+Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a
+non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related
+Intellectual Property.  Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of
+the PSF.
+
+All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for
+the Open Source Definition).  Historically, most, but not all, Python
+releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes
+the various releases.
+
+    Release         Derived     Year        Owner       GPL-
+                    from                                compatible? (1)
+
+    0.9.0 thru 1.2              1991-1995   CWI         yes
+    1.3 thru 1.5.2  1.2         1995-1999   CNRI        yes
+    1.6             1.5.2       2000        CNRI        no
+    2.0             1.6         2000        BeOpen.com  no
+    1.6.1           1.6         2001        CNRI        yes (2)
+    2.1             2.0+1.6.1   2001        PSF         no
+    2.0.1           2.0+1.6.1   2001        PSF         yes
+    2.1.1           2.1+2.0.1   2001        PSF         yes
+    2.1.2           2.1.1       2002        PSF         yes
+    2.1.3           2.1.2       2002        PSF         yes
+    2.2 and above   2.1.1       2001-now    PSF         yes
+
+Footnotes:
+
+(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under
+    the GPL.  All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute
+    a modified version without making your changes open source.  The
+    GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with
+    other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.
+
+(2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible,
+    because its license has a choice of law clause.  According to
+    CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1
+    is "not incompatible" with the GPL.
+
+Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's
+direction to make these releases possible.
+
+
+B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON
+===============================================================
+
+PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2
+--------------------------------------------
+
+1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation
+("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and
+otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and
+its associated documentation.
+
+2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby
+grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce,
+analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works,
+distribute, and otherwise use Python alone or in any derivative version,
+provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright,
+i.e., "Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 Python Software Foundation; All Rights Reserved" are
+retained in Python alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
+
+3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
+or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make
+the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
+Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
+the changes made to Python.
+
+4. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
+basis.  PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND
+DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
+FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT
+INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
+
+5. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
+FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
+A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON,
+OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
+
+6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
+breach of its terms and conditions.
+
+7. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any
+relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and
+Licensee.  This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF
+trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote
+products or services of Licensee, or any third party.
+
+8. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee
+agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
+Agreement.
+
+
+BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0
+-------------------------------------------
+
+BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1
+
+1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an
+office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the
+Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using
+this software in source or binary form and its associated
+documentation ("the Software").
+
+2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License
+Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive,
+royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform
+and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and
+otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version,
+provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the
+Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
+
+3. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
+basis.  BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND
+DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
+FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT
+INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
+
+4. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE
+SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS
+AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY
+DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
+
+5. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
+breach of its terms and conditions.
+
+6. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all
+respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of
+law provisions.  Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to
+create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture
+between BeOpen and Licensee.  This License Agreement does not grant
+permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark
+sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any
+third party.  As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at
+http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the
+permissions granted on that web page.
+
+7. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee
+agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License
+Agreement.
+
+
+CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1
+---------------------------------------
+
+1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National
+Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive,
+Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization
+("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in
+source or binary form and its associated documentation.
+
+2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI
+hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide
+license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly,
+prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1
+alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's
+License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c)
+1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights
+Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative
+version prepared by Licensee.  Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License
+Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the
+quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and
+conditions in CNRI's License Agreement.  This Agreement together with
+Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following
+unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013.  This
+Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet
+using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013".
+
+3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on
+or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make
+the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then
+Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of
+the changes made to Python 1.6.1.
+
+4. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS"
+basis.  CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND
+DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
+FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT
+INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
+
+5. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON
+1.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS
+A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1,
+OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
+
+6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material
+breach of its terms and conditions.
+
+7. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal
+intellectual property law of the United States, including without
+limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such
+U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of
+Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions.
+Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based
+on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was
+previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the
+law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License
+Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to
+Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement.  Nothing in this
+License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of
+agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee.  This
+License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or
+trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or
+services of Licensee, or any third party.
+
+8. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying,
+installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be
+bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
+
+        ACCEPT
+
+
+CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam,
+The Netherlands.  All rights reserved.
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
+documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
+provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
+both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
+supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch
+Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
+distribution of the software without specific, written prior
+permission.
+
+STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
+THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
+FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
+OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3d5d5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: typing-extensions
+Version: 3.10.0.2
+Summary: Backported and Experimental Type Hints for Python 3.5+
+Home-page: https://github.com/python/typing/blob/master/typing_extensions/README.rst
+Author: Guido van Rossum, Jukka Lehtosalo, Łukasz Langa, Michael Lee
+Author-email: levkivskyi@gmail.com
+License: PSF
+Keywords: typing function annotations type hints hinting checking checker typehints typehinting typechecking backport
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 3 - Alpha
+Classifier: Environment :: Console
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Python Software Foundation License
+Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development
+License-File: LICENSE
+Requires-Dist: typing (>=3.7.4) ; python_version < "3.5"
+
+Typing Extensions -- Backported and Experimental Type Hints for Python
+
+The ``typing`` module was added to the standard library in Python 3.5, but
+many new features have been added to the module since then.
+This means users of Python 3.5 - 3.6 who are unable to upgrade will not be
+able to take advantage of new types added to the ``typing`` module, such as
+``typing.Protocol`` or ``typing.TypedDict``.
+
+The ``typing_extensions`` module contains backports of these changes.
+Experimental types that will eventually be added to the ``typing``
+module are also included in ``typing_extensions``, such as
+``typing.ParamSpec`` and ``typing.TypeGuard``.
+
+Users of Python versions before 3.5 should install and use
+the ``typing`` module from PyPI instead of using this one, unless specifically
+writing code that must be compatible with multiple Python versions or requires
+experimental types.
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b10ae39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+__pycache__/typing_extensions.cpython-37.pyc,,
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=_xfOlOECAk3raHc-scx0ynbaTmWPNzUx8Kwi1oprsa0,12755
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=xE-T7wjR_4kFgJ2UojM6OWayKLffNQ-KAEMCZ93zubM,2121
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/RECORD,,
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ewwEueio1C2XeHTvT17n8dZUJgOvyCWCt0WVNLClP9o,92
+typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=hkDmk3VmrfXPOD--jS4aKTCu6kFZo-kVT1cIFfq1eU8,18
+typing_extensions.py,sha256=K6THvWMULj8menDO7coYHPjZNzT_tL7QwYD3iDs359o,109284
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bad85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5fd4f05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions-3.10.0.2.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+typing_extensions
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95bb873
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/typing_extensions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,2843 @@
+import abc
+import collections
+import contextlib
+import sys
+import typing
+import collections.abc as collections_abc
+import operator
+
+# These are used by Protocol implementation
+# We use internal typing helpers here, but this significantly reduces
+# code duplication. (Also this is only until Protocol is in typing.)
+from typing import Generic, Callable, TypeVar, Tuple
+
+# After PEP 560, internal typing API was substantially reworked.
+# This is especially important for Protocol class which uses internal APIs
+# quite extensivelly.
+PEP_560 = sys.version_info[:3] >= (3, 7, 0)
+
+if PEP_560:
+    GenericMeta = TypingMeta = type
+    from typing import _GenericAlias
+else:
+    from typing import GenericMeta, TypingMeta
+OLD_GENERICS = False
+try:
+    from typing import _type_vars, _next_in_mro, _type_check
+except ImportError:
+    OLD_GENERICS = True
+try:
+    from typing import _subs_tree  # noqa
+    SUBS_TREE = True
+except ImportError:
+    SUBS_TREE = False
+try:
+    from typing import _tp_cache
+except ImportError:
+    def _tp_cache(x):
+        return x
+try:
+    from typing import _TypingEllipsis, _TypingEmpty
+except ImportError:
+    class _TypingEllipsis:
+        pass
+
+    class _TypingEmpty:
+        pass
+
+
+# The two functions below are copies of typing internal helpers.
+# They are needed by _ProtocolMeta
+
+
+def _no_slots_copy(dct):
+    dict_copy = dict(dct)
+    if '__slots__' in dict_copy:
+        for slot in dict_copy['__slots__']:
+            dict_copy.pop(slot, None)
+    return dict_copy
+
+
+def _check_generic(cls, parameters):
+    if not cls.__parameters__:
+        raise TypeError("%s is not a generic class" % repr(cls))
+    alen = len(parameters)
+    elen = len(cls.__parameters__)
+    if alen != elen:
+        raise TypeError("Too %s parameters for %s; actual %s, expected %s" %
+                        ("many" if alen > elen else "few", repr(cls), alen, elen))
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, '_generic_new'):
+    _generic_new = typing._generic_new
+else:
+    # Note: The '_generic_new(...)' function is used as a part of the
+    # process of creating a generic type and was added to the typing module
+    # as of Python 3.5.3.
+    #
+    # We've defined '_generic_new(...)' below to exactly match the behavior
+    # implemented in older versions of 'typing' bundled with Python 3.5.0 to
+    # 3.5.2. This helps eliminate redundancy when defining collection types
+    # like 'Deque' later.
+    #
+    # See https://github.com/python/typing/pull/308 for more details -- in
+    # particular, compare and contrast the definition of types like
+    # 'typing.List' before and after the merge.
+
+    def _generic_new(base_cls, cls, *args, **kwargs):
+        return base_cls.__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)
+
+# See https://github.com/python/typing/pull/439
+if hasattr(typing, '_geqv'):
+    from typing import _geqv
+    _geqv_defined = True
+else:
+    _geqv = None
+    _geqv_defined = False
+
+if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 6):
+    import _collections_abc
+    _check_methods_in_mro = _collections_abc._check_methods
+else:
+    def _check_methods_in_mro(C, *methods):
+        mro = C.__mro__
+        for method in methods:
+            for B in mro:
+                if method in B.__dict__:
+                    if B.__dict__[method] is None:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                    break
+            else:
+                return NotImplemented
+        return True
+
+
+# Please keep __all__ alphabetized within each category.
+__all__ = [
+    # Super-special typing primitives.
+    'ClassVar',
+    'Concatenate',
+    'Final',
+    'ParamSpec',
+    'Type',
+
+    # ABCs (from collections.abc).
+    # The following are added depending on presence
+    # of their non-generic counterparts in stdlib:
+    # 'Awaitable',
+    # 'AsyncIterator',
+    # 'AsyncIterable',
+    # 'Coroutine',
+    # 'AsyncGenerator',
+    # 'AsyncContextManager',
+    # 'ChainMap',
+
+    # Concrete collection types.
+    'ContextManager',
+    'Counter',
+    'Deque',
+    'DefaultDict',
+    'OrderedDict',
+    'TypedDict',
+
+    # Structural checks, a.k.a. protocols.
+    'SupportsIndex',
+
+    # One-off things.
+    'final',
+    'IntVar',
+    'Literal',
+    'NewType',
+    'overload',
+    'Text',
+    'TypeAlias',
+    'TypeGuard',
+    'TYPE_CHECKING',
+]
+
+# Annotated relies on substitution trees of pep 560. It will not work for
+# versions of typing older than 3.5.3
+HAVE_ANNOTATED = PEP_560 or SUBS_TREE
+
+if PEP_560:
+    __all__.extend(["get_args", "get_origin", "get_type_hints"])
+
+if HAVE_ANNOTATED:
+    __all__.append("Annotated")
+
+# Protocols are hard to backport to the original version of typing 3.5.0
+HAVE_PROTOCOLS = sys.version_info[:3] != (3, 5, 0)
+
+if HAVE_PROTOCOLS:
+    __all__.extend(['Protocol', 'runtime', 'runtime_checkable'])
+
+
+# TODO
+if hasattr(typing, 'NoReturn'):
+    NoReturn = typing.NoReturn
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _NoReturn(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """Special type indicating functions that never return.
+        Example::
+
+          from typing import NoReturn
+
+          def stop() -> NoReturn:
+              raise Exception('no way')
+
+        This type is invalid in other positions, e.g., ``List[NoReturn]``
+        will fail in static type checkers.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("NoReturn cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("NoReturn cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+    NoReturn = _NoReturn(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _NoReturnMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for NoReturn"""
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=False):
+            return super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=_root)
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("NoReturn cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("NoReturn cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+    class NoReturn(typing.Final, metaclass=_NoReturnMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special type indicating functions that never return.
+        Example::
+
+          from typing import NoReturn
+
+          def stop() -> NoReturn:
+              raise Exception('no way')
+
+        This type is invalid in other positions, e.g., ``List[NoReturn]``
+        will fail in static type checkers.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+# Some unconstrained type variables.  These are used by the container types.
+# (These are not for export.)
+T = typing.TypeVar('T')  # Any type.
+KT = typing.TypeVar('KT')  # Key type.
+VT = typing.TypeVar('VT')  # Value type.
+T_co = typing.TypeVar('T_co', covariant=True)  # Any type covariant containers.
+V_co = typing.TypeVar('V_co', covariant=True)  # Any type covariant containers.
+VT_co = typing.TypeVar('VT_co', covariant=True)  # Value type covariant containers.
+T_contra = typing.TypeVar('T_contra', contravariant=True)  # Ditto contravariant.
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'ClassVar'):
+    ClassVar = typing.ClassVar
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _ClassVar(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """Special type construct to mark class variables.
+
+        An annotation wrapped in ClassVar indicates that a given
+        attribute is intended to be used as a class variable and
+        should not be set on instances of that class. Usage::
+
+          class Starship:
+              stats: ClassVar[Dict[str, int]] = {} # class variable
+              damage: int = 10                     # instance variable
+
+        ClassVar accepts only types and cannot be further subscribed.
+
+        Note that ClassVar is not a class itself, and should not
+        be used with isinstance() or issubclass().
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__type__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, tp=None, **kwds):
+            self.__type__ = tp
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is None:
+                return cls(typing._type_check(item,
+                           '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:])),
+                           _root=True)
+            raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                            .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(new_tp, _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _ClassVar):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    ClassVar = _ClassVar(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _ClassVarMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for ClassVar"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, tp=None, _root=False):
+            self = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=_root)
+            if tp is not None:
+                self.__type__ = tp
+            return self
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("ClassVar cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("ClassVar cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                                .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+            param = typing._type_check(
+                item,
+                '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+            return cls(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                       dict(self.__dict__), tp=param, _root=True)
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                              dict(self.__dict__), tp=self.__type__,
+                              _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, ClassVar):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    class ClassVar(typing.Final, metaclass=_ClassVarMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special type construct to mark class variables.
+
+        An annotation wrapped in ClassVar indicates that a given
+        attribute is intended to be used as a class variable and
+        should not be set on instances of that class. Usage::
+
+          class Starship:
+              stats: ClassVar[Dict[str, int]] = {} # class variable
+              damage: int = 10                     # instance variable
+
+        ClassVar accepts only types and cannot be further subscribed.
+
+        Note that ClassVar is not a class itself, and should not
+        be used with isinstance() or issubclass().
+        """
+
+        __type__ = None
+
+# On older versions of typing there is an internal class named "Final".
+if hasattr(typing, 'Final') and sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    Final = typing.Final
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _FinalForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
+                                      '{} accepts only single type'.format(self._name))
+            return _GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+    Final = _FinalForm('Final',
+                       doc="""A special typing construct to indicate that a name
+                       cannot be re-assigned or overridden in a subclass.
+                       For example:
+
+                           MAX_SIZE: Final = 9000
+                           MAX_SIZE += 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+                           class Connection:
+                               TIMEOUT: Final[int] = 10
+                           class FastConnector(Connection):
+                               TIMEOUT = 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+                       There is no runtime checking of these properties.""")
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _Final(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """A special typing construct to indicate that a name
+        cannot be re-assigned or overridden in a subclass.
+        For example:
+
+            MAX_SIZE: Final = 9000
+            MAX_SIZE += 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+            class Connection:
+                TIMEOUT: Final[int] = 10
+            class FastConnector(Connection):
+                TIMEOUT = 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+        There is no runtime checking of these properties.
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__type__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, tp=None, **kwds):
+            self.__type__ = tp
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is None:
+                return cls(typing._type_check(item,
+                           '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:])),
+                           _root=True)
+            raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                            .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(new_tp, _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _Final):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    Final = _Final(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _FinalMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Final"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, tp=None, _root=False):
+            self = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=_root)
+            if tp is not None:
+                self.__type__ = tp
+            return self
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("Final cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("Final cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                                .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+            param = typing._type_check(
+                item,
+                '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+            return cls(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                       dict(self.__dict__), tp=param, _root=True)
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                              dict(self.__dict__), tp=self.__type__,
+                              _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, Final):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    class Final(typing.Final, metaclass=_FinalMeta, _root=True):
+        """A special typing construct to indicate that a name
+        cannot be re-assigned or overridden in a subclass.
+        For example:
+
+            MAX_SIZE: Final = 9000
+            MAX_SIZE += 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+            class Connection:
+                TIMEOUT: Final[int] = 10
+            class FastConnector(Connection):
+                TIMEOUT = 1  # Error reported by type checker
+
+        There is no runtime checking of these properties.
+        """
+
+        __type__ = None
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'final'):
+    final = typing.final
+else:
+    def final(f):
+        """This decorator can be used to indicate to type checkers that
+        the decorated method cannot be overridden, and decorated class
+        cannot be subclassed. For example:
+
+            class Base:
+                @final
+                def done(self) -> None:
+                    ...
+            class Sub(Base):
+                def done(self) -> None:  # Error reported by type checker
+                    ...
+            @final
+            class Leaf:
+                ...
+            class Other(Leaf):  # Error reported by type checker
+                ...
+
+        There is no runtime checking of these properties.
+        """
+        return f
+
+
+def IntVar(name):
+    return TypeVar(name)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Literal'):
+    Literal = typing.Literal
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _LiteralForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return _GenericAlias(self, parameters)
+
+    Literal = _LiteralForm('Literal',
+                           doc="""A type that can be used to indicate to type checkers
+                           that the corresponding value has a value literally equivalent
+                           to the provided parameter. For example:
+
+                               var: Literal[4] = 4
+
+                           The type checker understands that 'var' is literally equal to
+                           the value 4 and no other value.
+
+                           Literal[...] cannot be subclassed. There is no runtime
+                           checking verifying that the parameter is actually a value
+                           instead of a type.""")
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _Literal(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """A type that can be used to indicate to type checkers that the
+        corresponding value has a value literally equivalent to the
+        provided parameter. For example:
+
+            var: Literal[4] = 4
+
+        The type checker understands that 'var' is literally equal to the
+        value 4 and no other value.
+
+        Literal[...] cannot be subclassed. There is no runtime checking
+        verifying that the parameter is actually a value instead of a type.
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__values__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, values=None, **kwds):
+            self.__values__ = values
+
+        def __getitem__(self, values):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__values__ is None:
+                if not isinstance(values, tuple):
+                    values = (values,)
+                return cls(values, _root=True)
+            raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                            .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            return self
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(', '.join(map(typing._type_repr, self.__values__)))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__values__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _Literal):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                return self.__values__ == other.__values__
+            return self is other
+
+    Literal = _Literal(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _LiteralMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Literal"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, values=None, _root=False):
+            self = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=_root)
+            if values is not None:
+                self.__values__ = values
+            return self
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("Literal cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("Literal cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                                .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+            if not isinstance(item, tuple):
+                item = (item,)
+            return cls(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                       dict(self.__dict__), values=item, _root=True)
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            return self
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(', '.join(map(typing._type_repr, self.__values__)))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__values__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, Literal):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__values__ is not None:
+                return self.__values__ == other.__values__
+            return self is other
+
+    class Literal(typing.Final, metaclass=_LiteralMeta, _root=True):
+        """A type that can be used to indicate to type checkers that the
+        corresponding value has a value literally equivalent to the
+        provided parameter. For example:
+
+            var: Literal[4] = 4
+
+        The type checker understands that 'var' is literally equal to the
+        value 4 and no other value.
+
+        Literal[...] cannot be subclassed. There is no runtime checking
+        verifying that the parameter is actually a value instead of a type.
+        """
+
+        __values__ = None
+
+
+def _overload_dummy(*args, **kwds):
+    """Helper for @overload to raise when called."""
+    raise NotImplementedError(
+        "You should not call an overloaded function. "
+        "A series of @overload-decorated functions "
+        "outside a stub module should always be followed "
+        "by an implementation that is not @overload-ed.")
+
+
+def overload(func):
+    """Decorator for overloaded functions/methods.
+
+    In a stub file, place two or more stub definitions for the same
+    function in a row, each decorated with @overload.  For example:
+
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: None) -> None: ...
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: bytes) -> bytes: ...
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: str) -> bytes: ...
+
+    In a non-stub file (i.e. a regular .py file), do the same but
+    follow it with an implementation.  The implementation should *not*
+    be decorated with @overload.  For example:
+
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: None) -> None: ...
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: bytes) -> bytes: ...
+      @overload
+      def utf8(value: str) -> bytes: ...
+      def utf8(value):
+          # implementation goes here
+    """
+    return _overload_dummy
+
+
+# This is not a real generic class.  Don't use outside annotations.
+if hasattr(typing, 'Type'):
+    Type = typing.Type
+else:
+    # Internal type variable used for Type[].
+    CT_co = typing.TypeVar('CT_co', covariant=True, bound=type)
+
+    class Type(typing.Generic[CT_co], extra=type):
+        """A special construct usable to annotate class objects.
+
+        For example, suppose we have the following classes::
+
+          class User: ...  # Abstract base for User classes
+          class BasicUser(User): ...
+          class ProUser(User): ...
+          class TeamUser(User): ...
+
+        And a function that takes a class argument that's a subclass of
+        User and returns an instance of the corresponding class::
+
+          U = TypeVar('U', bound=User)
+          def new_user(user_class: Type[U]) -> U:
+              user = user_class()
+              # (Here we could write the user object to a database)
+              return user
+          joe = new_user(BasicUser)
+
+        At this point the type checker knows that joe has type BasicUser.
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+# Various ABCs mimicking those in collections.abc.
+# A few are simply re-exported for completeness.
+
+def _define_guard(type_name):
+    """
+    Returns True if the given type isn't defined in typing but
+    is defined in collections_abc.
+
+    Adds the type to __all__ if the collection is found in either
+    typing or collection_abc.
+    """
+    if hasattr(typing, type_name):
+        __all__.append(type_name)
+        globals()[type_name] = getattr(typing, type_name)
+        return False
+    elif hasattr(collections_abc, type_name):
+        __all__.append(type_name)
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
+class _ExtensionsGenericMeta(GenericMeta):
+    def __subclasscheck__(self, subclass):
+        """This mimics a more modern GenericMeta.__subclasscheck__() logic
+        (that does not have problems with recursion) to work around interactions
+        between collections, typing, and typing_extensions on older
+        versions of Python, see https://github.com/python/typing/issues/501.
+        """
+        if sys.version_info[:3] >= (3, 5, 3) or sys.version_info[:3] < (3, 5, 0):
+            if self.__origin__ is not None:
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] not in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                    raise TypeError("Parameterized generics cannot be used with class "
+                                    "or instance checks")
+                return False
+        if not self.__extra__:
+            return super().__subclasscheck__(subclass)
+        res = self.__extra__.__subclasshook__(subclass)
+        if res is not NotImplemented:
+            return res
+        if self.__extra__ in subclass.__mro__:
+            return True
+        for scls in self.__extra__.__subclasses__():
+            if isinstance(scls, GenericMeta):
+                continue
+            if issubclass(subclass, scls):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+if _define_guard('Awaitable'):
+    class Awaitable(typing.Generic[T_co], metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                    extra=collections_abc.Awaitable):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+if _define_guard('Coroutine'):
+    class Coroutine(Awaitable[V_co], typing.Generic[T_co, T_contra, V_co],
+                    metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                    extra=collections_abc.Coroutine):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+if _define_guard('AsyncIterable'):
+    class AsyncIterable(typing.Generic[T_co],
+                        metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                        extra=collections_abc.AsyncIterable):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+if _define_guard('AsyncIterator'):
+    class AsyncIterator(AsyncIterable[T_co],
+                        metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                        extra=collections_abc.AsyncIterator):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Deque'):
+    Deque = typing.Deque
+elif _geqv_defined:
+    class Deque(collections.deque, typing.MutableSequence[T],
+                metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                extra=collections.deque):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _geqv(cls, Deque):
+                return collections.deque(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.deque, cls, *args, **kwds)
+else:
+    class Deque(collections.deque, typing.MutableSequence[T],
+                metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                extra=collections.deque):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is Deque:
+                return collections.deque(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.deque, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'ContextManager'):
+    ContextManager = typing.ContextManager
+elif hasattr(contextlib, 'AbstractContextManager'):
+    class ContextManager(typing.Generic[T_co],
+                         metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                         extra=contextlib.AbstractContextManager):
+        __slots__ = ()
+else:
+    class ContextManager(typing.Generic[T_co]):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __enter__(self):
+            return self
+
+        @abc.abstractmethod
+        def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+            return None
+
+        @classmethod
+        def __subclasshook__(cls, C):
+            if cls is ContextManager:
+                # In Python 3.6+, it is possible to set a method to None to
+                # explicitly indicate that the class does not implement an ABC
+                # (https://bugs.python.org/issue25958), but we do not support
+                # that pattern here because this fallback class is only used
+                # in Python 3.5 and earlier.
+                if (any("__enter__" in B.__dict__ for B in C.__mro__) and
+                    any("__exit__" in B.__dict__ for B in C.__mro__)):
+                    return True
+            return NotImplemented
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'AsyncContextManager'):
+    AsyncContextManager = typing.AsyncContextManager
+    __all__.append('AsyncContextManager')
+elif hasattr(contextlib, 'AbstractAsyncContextManager'):
+    class AsyncContextManager(typing.Generic[T_co],
+                              metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                              extra=contextlib.AbstractAsyncContextManager):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+    __all__.append('AsyncContextManager')
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 5):
+    exec("""
+class AsyncContextManager(typing.Generic[T_co]):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    async def __aenter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    async def __aexit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
+        return None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def __subclasshook__(cls, C):
+        if cls is AsyncContextManager:
+            return _check_methods_in_mro(C, "__aenter__", "__aexit__")
+        return NotImplemented
+
+__all__.append('AsyncContextManager')
+""")
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'DefaultDict'):
+    DefaultDict = typing.DefaultDict
+elif _geqv_defined:
+    class DefaultDict(collections.defaultdict, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                      metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                      extra=collections.defaultdict):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _geqv(cls, DefaultDict):
+                return collections.defaultdict(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.defaultdict, cls, *args, **kwds)
+else:
+    class DefaultDict(collections.defaultdict, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                      metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                      extra=collections.defaultdict):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is DefaultDict:
+                return collections.defaultdict(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.defaultdict, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'OrderedDict'):
+    OrderedDict = typing.OrderedDict
+elif (3, 7, 0) <= sys.version_info[:3] < (3, 7, 2):
+    OrderedDict = typing._alias(collections.OrderedDict, (KT, VT))
+elif _geqv_defined:
+    class OrderedDict(collections.OrderedDict, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                      metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                      extra=collections.OrderedDict):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _geqv(cls, OrderedDict):
+                return collections.OrderedDict(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.OrderedDict, cls, *args, **kwds)
+else:
+    class OrderedDict(collections.OrderedDict, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                      metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                      extra=collections.OrderedDict):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is OrderedDict:
+                return collections.OrderedDict(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.OrderedDict, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Counter'):
+    Counter = typing.Counter
+elif (3, 5, 0) <= sys.version_info[:3] <= (3, 5, 1):
+    assert _geqv_defined
+    _TInt = typing.TypeVar('_TInt')
+
+    class _CounterMeta(typing.GenericMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Counter"""
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            return super().__getitem__((item, int))
+
+    class Counter(collections.Counter,
+                  typing.Dict[T, int],
+                  metaclass=_CounterMeta,
+                  extra=collections.Counter):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _geqv(cls, Counter):
+                return collections.Counter(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.Counter, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+elif _geqv_defined:
+    class Counter(collections.Counter,
+                  typing.Dict[T, int],
+                  metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta, extra=collections.Counter):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _geqv(cls, Counter):
+                return collections.Counter(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.Counter, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+else:
+    class Counter(collections.Counter,
+                  typing.Dict[T, int],
+                  metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta, extra=collections.Counter):
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls._gorg is Counter:
+                return collections.Counter(*args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(collections.Counter, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'ChainMap'):
+    ChainMap = typing.ChainMap
+    __all__.append('ChainMap')
+elif hasattr(collections, 'ChainMap'):
+    # ChainMap only exists in 3.3+
+    if _geqv_defined:
+        class ChainMap(collections.ChainMap, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                       metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                       extra=collections.ChainMap):
+
+            __slots__ = ()
+
+            def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+                if _geqv(cls, ChainMap):
+                    return collections.ChainMap(*args, **kwds)
+                return _generic_new(collections.ChainMap, cls, *args, **kwds)
+    else:
+        class ChainMap(collections.ChainMap, typing.MutableMapping[KT, VT],
+                       metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                       extra=collections.ChainMap):
+
+            __slots__ = ()
+
+            def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+                if cls._gorg is ChainMap:
+                    return collections.ChainMap(*args, **kwds)
+                return _generic_new(collections.ChainMap, cls, *args, **kwds)
+
+    __all__.append('ChainMap')
+
+
+if _define_guard('AsyncGenerator'):
+    class AsyncGenerator(AsyncIterator[T_co], typing.Generic[T_co, T_contra],
+                         metaclass=_ExtensionsGenericMeta,
+                         extra=collections_abc.AsyncGenerator):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'NewType'):
+    NewType = typing.NewType
+else:
+    def NewType(name, tp):
+        """NewType creates simple unique types with almost zero
+        runtime overhead. NewType(name, tp) is considered a subtype of tp
+        by static type checkers. At runtime, NewType(name, tp) returns
+        a dummy function that simply returns its argument. Usage::
+
+            UserId = NewType('UserId', int)
+
+            def name_by_id(user_id: UserId) -> str:
+                ...
+
+            UserId('user')          # Fails type check
+
+            name_by_id(42)          # Fails type check
+            name_by_id(UserId(42))  # OK
+
+            num = UserId(5) + 1     # type: int
+        """
+
+        def new_type(x):
+            return x
+
+        new_type.__name__ = name
+        new_type.__supertype__ = tp
+        return new_type
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Text'):
+    Text = typing.Text
+else:
+    Text = str
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'TYPE_CHECKING'):
+    TYPE_CHECKING = typing.TYPE_CHECKING
+else:
+    # Constant that's True when type checking, but False here.
+    TYPE_CHECKING = False
+
+
+def _gorg(cls):
+    """This function exists for compatibility with old typing versions."""
+    assert isinstance(cls, GenericMeta)
+    if hasattr(cls, '_gorg'):
+        return cls._gorg
+    while cls.__origin__ is not None:
+        cls = cls.__origin__
+    return cls
+
+
+if OLD_GENERICS:
+    def _next_in_mro(cls):  # noqa
+        """This function exists for compatibility with old typing versions."""
+        next_in_mro = object
+        for i, c in enumerate(cls.__mro__[:-1]):
+            if isinstance(c, GenericMeta) and _gorg(c) is Generic:
+                next_in_mro = cls.__mro__[i + 1]
+        return next_in_mro
+
+
+_PROTO_WHITELIST = ['Callable', 'Awaitable',
+                    'Iterable', 'Iterator', 'AsyncIterable', 'AsyncIterator',
+                    'Hashable', 'Sized', 'Container', 'Collection', 'Reversible',
+                    'ContextManager', 'AsyncContextManager']
+
+
+def _get_protocol_attrs(cls):
+    attrs = set()
+    for base in cls.__mro__[:-1]:  # without object
+        if base.__name__ in ('Protocol', 'Generic'):
+            continue
+        annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
+        for attr in list(base.__dict__.keys()) + list(annotations.keys()):
+            if (not attr.startswith('_abc_') and attr not in (
+                    '__abstractmethods__', '__annotations__', '__weakref__',
+                    '_is_protocol', '_is_runtime_protocol', '__dict__',
+                    '__args__', '__slots__',
+                    '__next_in_mro__', '__parameters__', '__origin__',
+                    '__orig_bases__', '__extra__', '__tree_hash__',
+                    '__doc__', '__subclasshook__', '__init__', '__new__',
+                    '__module__', '_MutableMapping__marker', '_gorg')):
+                attrs.add(attr)
+    return attrs
+
+
+def _is_callable_members_only(cls):
+    return all(callable(getattr(cls, attr, None)) for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls))
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Protocol'):
+    Protocol = typing.Protocol
+elif HAVE_PROTOCOLS and not PEP_560:
+
+    def _no_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if type(self)._is_protocol:
+            raise TypeError('Protocols cannot be instantiated')
+
+    class _ProtocolMeta(GenericMeta):
+        """Internal metaclass for Protocol.
+
+        This exists so Protocol classes can be generic without deriving
+        from Generic.
+        """
+        if not OLD_GENERICS:
+            def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace,
+                        tvars=None, args=None, origin=None, extra=None, orig_bases=None):
+                # This is just a version copied from GenericMeta.__new__ that
+                # includes "Protocol" special treatment. (Comments removed for brevity.)
+                assert extra is None  # Protocols should not have extra
+                if tvars is not None:
+                    assert origin is not None
+                    assert all(isinstance(t, TypeVar) for t in tvars), tvars
+                else:
+                    tvars = _type_vars(bases)
+                    gvars = None
+                    for base in bases:
+                        if base is Generic:
+                            raise TypeError("Cannot inherit from plain Generic")
+                        if (isinstance(base, GenericMeta) and
+                                base.__origin__ in (Generic, Protocol)):
+                            if gvars is not None:
+                                raise TypeError(
+                                    "Cannot inherit from Generic[...] or"
+                                    " Protocol[...] multiple times.")
+                            gvars = base.__parameters__
+                    if gvars is None:
+                        gvars = tvars
+                    else:
+                        tvarset = set(tvars)
+                        gvarset = set(gvars)
+                        if not tvarset <= gvarset:
+                            raise TypeError(
+                                "Some type variables (%s) "
+                                "are not listed in %s[%s]" %
+                                (", ".join(str(t) for t in tvars if t not in gvarset),
+                                 "Generic" if any(b.__origin__ is Generic
+                                                  for b in bases) else "Protocol",
+                                 ", ".join(str(g) for g in gvars)))
+                        tvars = gvars
+
+                initial_bases = bases
+                if (extra is not None and type(extra) is abc.ABCMeta and
+                        extra not in bases):
+                    bases = (extra,) + bases
+                bases = tuple(_gorg(b) if isinstance(b, GenericMeta) else b
+                              for b in bases)
+                if any(isinstance(b, GenericMeta) and b is not Generic for b in bases):
+                    bases = tuple(b for b in bases if b is not Generic)
+                namespace.update({'__origin__': origin, '__extra__': extra})
+                self = super(GenericMeta, cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace,
+                                                       _root=True)
+                super(GenericMeta, self).__setattr__('_gorg',
+                                                     self if not origin else
+                                                     _gorg(origin))
+                self.__parameters__ = tvars
+                self.__args__ = tuple(... if a is _TypingEllipsis else
+                                      () if a is _TypingEmpty else
+                                      a for a in args) if args else None
+                self.__next_in_mro__ = _next_in_mro(self)
+                if orig_bases is None:
+                    self.__orig_bases__ = initial_bases
+                elif origin is not None:
+                    self._abc_registry = origin._abc_registry
+                    self._abc_cache = origin._abc_cache
+                if hasattr(self, '_subs_tree'):
+                    self.__tree_hash__ = (hash(self._subs_tree()) if origin else
+                                          super(GenericMeta, self).__hash__())
+                return self
+
+        def __init__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+            if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                cls._is_protocol = any(b is Protocol or
+                                       isinstance(b, _ProtocolMeta) and
+                                       b.__origin__ is Protocol
+                                       for b in cls.__bases__)
+            if cls._is_protocol:
+                for base in cls.__mro__[1:]:
+                    if not (base in (object, Generic) or
+                            base.__module__ == 'collections.abc' and
+                            base.__name__ in _PROTO_WHITELIST or
+                            isinstance(base, TypingMeta) and base._is_protocol or
+                            isinstance(base, GenericMeta) and
+                            base.__origin__ is Generic):
+                        raise TypeError('Protocols can only inherit from other'
+                                        ' protocols, got %r' % base)
+
+                cls.__init__ = _no_init
+
+            def _proto_hook(other):
+                if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                    return NotImplemented
+                if not isinstance(other, type):
+                    # Same error as for issubclass(1, int)
+                    raise TypeError('issubclass() arg 1 must be a class')
+                for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls):
+                    for base in other.__mro__:
+                        if attr in base.__dict__:
+                            if base.__dict__[attr] is None:
+                                return NotImplemented
+                            break
+                        annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
+                        if (isinstance(annotations, typing.Mapping) and
+                                attr in annotations and
+                                isinstance(other, _ProtocolMeta) and
+                                other._is_protocol):
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                return True
+            if '__subclasshook__' not in cls.__dict__:
+                cls.__subclasshook__ = _proto_hook
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, instance):
+            # We need this method for situations where attributes are
+            # assigned in __init__.
+            if ((not getattr(self, '_is_protocol', False) or
+                    _is_callable_members_only(self)) and
+                    issubclass(instance.__class__, self)):
+                return True
+            if self._is_protocol:
+                if all(hasattr(instance, attr) and
+                        (not callable(getattr(self, attr, None)) or
+                         getattr(instance, attr) is not None)
+                        for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(self)):
+                    return True
+            return super(GenericMeta, self).__instancecheck__(instance)
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            if self.__origin__ is not None:
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] not in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                    raise TypeError("Parameterized generics cannot be used with class "
+                                    "or instance checks")
+                return False
+            if (self.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None) and
+                    not self.__dict__.get('_is_runtime_protocol', None)):
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc',
+                                                              'functools',
+                                                              'typing']:
+                    return False
+                raise TypeError("Instance and class checks can only be used with"
+                                " @runtime protocols")
+            if (self.__dict__.get('_is_runtime_protocol', None) and
+                    not _is_callable_members_only(self)):
+                if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc',
+                                                              'functools',
+                                                              'typing']:
+                    return super(GenericMeta, self).__subclasscheck__(cls)
+                raise TypeError("Protocols with non-method members"
+                                " don't support issubclass()")
+            return super(GenericMeta, self).__subclasscheck__(cls)
+
+        if not OLD_GENERICS:
+            @_tp_cache
+            def __getitem__(self, params):
+                # We also need to copy this from GenericMeta.__getitem__ to get
+                # special treatment of "Protocol". (Comments removed for brevity.)
+                if not isinstance(params, tuple):
+                    params = (params,)
+                if not params and _gorg(self) is not Tuple:
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Parameter list to %s[...] cannot be empty" % self.__qualname__)
+                msg = "Parameters to generic types must be types."
+                params = tuple(_type_check(p, msg) for p in params)
+                if self in (Generic, Protocol):
+                    if not all(isinstance(p, TypeVar) for p in params):
+                        raise TypeError(
+                            "Parameters to %r[...] must all be type variables" % self)
+                    if len(set(params)) != len(params):
+                        raise TypeError(
+                            "Parameters to %r[...] must all be unique" % self)
+                    tvars = params
+                    args = params
+                elif self in (Tuple, Callable):
+                    tvars = _type_vars(params)
+                    args = params
+                elif self.__origin__ in (Generic, Protocol):
+                    raise TypeError("Cannot subscript already-subscripted %s" %
+                                    repr(self))
+                else:
+                    _check_generic(self, params)
+                    tvars = _type_vars(params)
+                    args = params
+
+                prepend = (self,) if self.__origin__ is None else ()
+                return self.__class__(self.__name__,
+                                      prepend + self.__bases__,
+                                      _no_slots_copy(self.__dict__),
+                                      tvars=tvars,
+                                      args=args,
+                                      origin=self,
+                                      extra=self.__extra__,
+                                      orig_bases=self.__orig_bases__)
+
+    class Protocol(metaclass=_ProtocolMeta):
+        """Base class for protocol classes. Protocol classes are defined as::
+
+          class Proto(Protocol):
+              def meth(self) -> int:
+                  ...
+
+        Such classes are primarily used with static type checkers that recognize
+        structural subtyping (static duck-typing), for example::
+
+          class C:
+              def meth(self) -> int:
+                  return 0
+
+          def func(x: Proto) -> int:
+              return x.meth()
+
+          func(C())  # Passes static type check
+
+        See PEP 544 for details. Protocol classes decorated with
+        @typing_extensions.runtime act as simple-minded runtime protocol that checks
+        only the presence of given attributes, ignoring their type signatures.
+
+        Protocol classes can be generic, they are defined as::
+
+          class GenProto({bases}):
+              def meth(self) -> T:
+                  ...
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+        _is_protocol = True
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if _gorg(cls) is Protocol:
+                raise TypeError("Type Protocol cannot be instantiated; "
+                                "it can be used only as a base class")
+            if OLD_GENERICS:
+                return _generic_new(_next_in_mro(cls), cls, *args, **kwds)
+            return _generic_new(cls.__next_in_mro__, cls, *args, **kwds)
+    if Protocol.__doc__ is not None:
+        Protocol.__doc__ = Protocol.__doc__.format(bases="Protocol, Generic[T]" if
+                                                   OLD_GENERICS else "Protocol[T]")
+
+
+elif PEP_560:
+    from typing import _type_check, _collect_type_vars  # noqa
+
+    def _no_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if type(self)._is_protocol:
+            raise TypeError('Protocols cannot be instantiated')
+
+    class _ProtocolMeta(abc.ABCMeta):
+        # This metaclass is a bit unfortunate and exists only because of the lack
+        # of __instancehook__.
+        def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
+            # We need this method for situations where attributes are
+            # assigned in __init__.
+            if ((not getattr(cls, '_is_protocol', False) or
+                    _is_callable_members_only(cls)) and
+                    issubclass(instance.__class__, cls)):
+                return True
+            if cls._is_protocol:
+                if all(hasattr(instance, attr) and
+                        (not callable(getattr(cls, attr, None)) or
+                         getattr(instance, attr) is not None)
+                        for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls)):
+                    return True
+            return super().__instancecheck__(instance)
+
+    class Protocol(metaclass=_ProtocolMeta):
+        # There is quite a lot of overlapping code with typing.Generic.
+        # Unfortunately it is hard to avoid this while these live in two different
+        # modules. The duplicated code will be removed when Protocol is moved to typing.
+        """Base class for protocol classes. Protocol classes are defined as::
+
+            class Proto(Protocol):
+                def meth(self) -> int:
+                    ...
+
+        Such classes are primarily used with static type checkers that recognize
+        structural subtyping (static duck-typing), for example::
+
+            class C:
+                def meth(self) -> int:
+                    return 0
+
+            def func(x: Proto) -> int:
+                return x.meth()
+
+            func(C())  # Passes static type check
+
+        See PEP 544 for details. Protocol classes decorated with
+        @typing_extensions.runtime act as simple-minded runtime protocol that checks
+        only the presence of given attributes, ignoring their type signatures.
+
+        Protocol classes can be generic, they are defined as::
+
+            class GenProto(Protocol[T]):
+                def meth(self) -> T:
+                    ...
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+        _is_protocol = True
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds):
+            if cls is Protocol:
+                raise TypeError("Type Protocol cannot be instantiated; "
+                                "it can only be used as a base class")
+            return super().__new__(cls)
+
+        @_tp_cache
+        def __class_getitem__(cls, params):
+            if not isinstance(params, tuple):
+                params = (params,)
+            if not params and cls is not Tuple:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "Parameter list to {}[...] cannot be empty".format(cls.__qualname__))
+            msg = "Parameters to generic types must be types."
+            params = tuple(_type_check(p, msg) for p in params)
+            if cls is Protocol:
+                # Generic can only be subscripted with unique type variables.
+                if not all(isinstance(p, TypeVar) for p in params):
+                    i = 0
+                    while isinstance(params[i], TypeVar):
+                        i += 1
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Parameters to Protocol[...] must all be type variables."
+                        " Parameter {} is {}".format(i + 1, params[i]))
+                if len(set(params)) != len(params):
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Parameters to Protocol[...] must all be unique")
+            else:
+                # Subscripting a regular Generic subclass.
+                _check_generic(cls, params)
+            return _GenericAlias(cls, params)
+
+        def __init_subclass__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            tvars = []
+            if '__orig_bases__' in cls.__dict__:
+                error = Generic in cls.__orig_bases__
+            else:
+                error = Generic in cls.__bases__
+            if error:
+                raise TypeError("Cannot inherit from plain Generic")
+            if '__orig_bases__' in cls.__dict__:
+                tvars = _collect_type_vars(cls.__orig_bases__)
+                # Look for Generic[T1, ..., Tn] or Protocol[T1, ..., Tn].
+                # If found, tvars must be a subset of it.
+                # If not found, tvars is it.
+                # Also check for and reject plain Generic,
+                # and reject multiple Generic[...] and/or Protocol[...].
+                gvars = None
+                for base in cls.__orig_bases__:
+                    if (isinstance(base, _GenericAlias) and
+                            base.__origin__ in (Generic, Protocol)):
+                        # for error messages
+                        the_base = 'Generic' if base.__origin__ is Generic else 'Protocol'
+                        if gvars is not None:
+                            raise TypeError(
+                                "Cannot inherit from Generic[...]"
+                                " and/or Protocol[...] multiple types.")
+                        gvars = base.__parameters__
+                if gvars is None:
+                    gvars = tvars
+                else:
+                    tvarset = set(tvars)
+                    gvarset = set(gvars)
+                    if not tvarset <= gvarset:
+                        s_vars = ', '.join(str(t) for t in tvars if t not in gvarset)
+                        s_args = ', '.join(str(g) for g in gvars)
+                        raise TypeError("Some type variables ({}) are"
+                                        " not listed in {}[{}]".format(s_vars,
+                                                                       the_base, s_args))
+                    tvars = gvars
+            cls.__parameters__ = tuple(tvars)
+
+            # Determine if this is a protocol or a concrete subclass.
+            if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                cls._is_protocol = any(b is Protocol for b in cls.__bases__)
+
+            # Set (or override) the protocol subclass hook.
+            def _proto_hook(other):
+                if not cls.__dict__.get('_is_protocol', None):
+                    return NotImplemented
+                if not getattr(cls, '_is_runtime_protocol', False):
+                    if sys._getframe(2).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                    raise TypeError("Instance and class checks can only be used with"
+                                    " @runtime protocols")
+                if not _is_callable_members_only(cls):
+                    if sys._getframe(2).f_globals['__name__'] in ['abc', 'functools']:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                    raise TypeError("Protocols with non-method members"
+                                    " don't support issubclass()")
+                if not isinstance(other, type):
+                    # Same error as for issubclass(1, int)
+                    raise TypeError('issubclass() arg 1 must be a class')
+                for attr in _get_protocol_attrs(cls):
+                    for base in other.__mro__:
+                        if attr in base.__dict__:
+                            if base.__dict__[attr] is None:
+                                return NotImplemented
+                            break
+                        annotations = getattr(base, '__annotations__', {})
+                        if (isinstance(annotations, typing.Mapping) and
+                                attr in annotations and
+                                isinstance(other, _ProtocolMeta) and
+                                other._is_protocol):
+                            break
+                    else:
+                        return NotImplemented
+                return True
+            if '__subclasshook__' not in cls.__dict__:
+                cls.__subclasshook__ = _proto_hook
+
+            # We have nothing more to do for non-protocols.
+            if not cls._is_protocol:
+                return
+
+            # Check consistency of bases.
+            for base in cls.__bases__:
+                if not (base in (object, Generic) or
+                        base.__module__ == 'collections.abc' and
+                        base.__name__ in _PROTO_WHITELIST or
+                        isinstance(base, _ProtocolMeta) and base._is_protocol):
+                    raise TypeError('Protocols can only inherit from other'
+                                    ' protocols, got %r' % base)
+            cls.__init__ = _no_init
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'runtime_checkable'):
+    runtime_checkable = typing.runtime_checkable
+elif HAVE_PROTOCOLS:
+    def runtime_checkable(cls):
+        """Mark a protocol class as a runtime protocol, so that it
+        can be used with isinstance() and issubclass(). Raise TypeError
+        if applied to a non-protocol class.
+
+        This allows a simple-minded structural check very similar to the
+        one-offs in collections.abc such as Hashable.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(cls, _ProtocolMeta) or not cls._is_protocol:
+            raise TypeError('@runtime_checkable can be only applied to protocol classes,'
+                            ' got %r' % cls)
+        cls._is_runtime_protocol = True
+        return cls
+
+
+if HAVE_PROTOCOLS:
+    # Exists for backwards compatibility.
+    runtime = runtime_checkable
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'SupportsIndex'):
+    SupportsIndex = typing.SupportsIndex
+elif HAVE_PROTOCOLS:
+    @runtime_checkable
+    class SupportsIndex(Protocol):
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        @abc.abstractmethod
+        def __index__(self) -> int:
+            pass
+
+
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 9, 2):
+    # The standard library TypedDict in Python 3.8 does not store runtime information
+    # about which (if any) keys are optional.  See https://bugs.python.org/issue38834
+    # The standard library TypedDict in Python 3.9.0/1 does not honour the "total"
+    # keyword with old-style TypedDict().  See https://bugs.python.org/issue42059
+    TypedDict = typing.TypedDict
+else:
+    def _check_fails(cls, other):
+        try:
+            if sys._getframe(1).f_globals['__name__'] not in ['abc',
+                                                              'functools',
+                                                              'typing']:
+                # Typed dicts are only for static structural subtyping.
+                raise TypeError('TypedDict does not support instance and class checks')
+        except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+            pass
+        return False
+
+    def _dict_new(*args, **kwargs):
+        if not args:
+            raise TypeError('TypedDict.__new__(): not enough arguments')
+        _, args = args[0], args[1:]  # allow the "cls" keyword be passed
+        return dict(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    _dict_new.__text_signature__ = '($cls, _typename, _fields=None, /, **kwargs)'
+
+    def _typeddict_new(*args, total=True, **kwargs):
+        if not args:
+            raise TypeError('TypedDict.__new__(): not enough arguments')
+        _, args = args[0], args[1:]  # allow the "cls" keyword be passed
+        if args:
+            typename, args = args[0], args[1:]  # allow the "_typename" keyword be passed
+        elif '_typename' in kwargs:
+            typename = kwargs.pop('_typename')
+            import warnings
+            warnings.warn("Passing '_typename' as keyword argument is deprecated",
+                          DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("TypedDict.__new__() missing 1 required positional "
+                            "argument: '_typename'")
+        if args:
+            try:
+                fields, = args  # allow the "_fields" keyword be passed
+            except ValueError:
+                raise TypeError('TypedDict.__new__() takes from 2 to 3 '
+                                'positional arguments but {} '
+                                'were given'.format(len(args) + 2))
+        elif '_fields' in kwargs and len(kwargs) == 1:
+            fields = kwargs.pop('_fields')
+            import warnings
+            warnings.warn("Passing '_fields' as keyword argument is deprecated",
+                          DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        else:
+            fields = None
+
+        if fields is None:
+            fields = kwargs
+        elif kwargs:
+            raise TypeError("TypedDict takes either a dict or keyword arguments,"
+                            " but not both")
+
+        ns = {'__annotations__': dict(fields)}
+        try:
+            # Setting correct module is necessary to make typed dict classes pickleable.
+            ns['__module__'] = sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get('__name__', '__main__')
+        except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+            pass
+
+        return _TypedDictMeta(typename, (), ns, total=total)
+
+    _typeddict_new.__text_signature__ = ('($cls, _typename, _fields=None,'
+                                         ' /, *, total=True, **kwargs)')
+
+    class _TypedDictMeta(type):
+        def __init__(cls, name, bases, ns, total=True):
+            # In Python 3.4 and 3.5 the __init__ method also needs to support the
+            # keyword arguments.
+            # See https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0487/#implementation-details
+            super(_TypedDictMeta, cls).__init__(name, bases, ns)
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, ns, total=True):
+            # Create new typed dict class object.
+            # This method is called directly when TypedDict is subclassed,
+            # or via _typeddict_new when TypedDict is instantiated. This way
+            # TypedDict supports all three syntaxes described in its docstring.
+            # Subclasses and instances of TypedDict return actual dictionaries
+            # via _dict_new.
+            ns['__new__'] = _typeddict_new if name == 'TypedDict' else _dict_new
+            tp_dict = super(_TypedDictMeta, cls).__new__(cls, name, (dict,), ns)
+
+            annotations = {}
+            own_annotations = ns.get('__annotations__', {})
+            own_annotation_keys = set(own_annotations.keys())
+            msg = "TypedDict('Name', {f0: t0, f1: t1, ...}); each t must be a type"
+            own_annotations = {
+                n: typing._type_check(tp, msg) for n, tp in own_annotations.items()
+            }
+            required_keys = set()
+            optional_keys = set()
+
+            for base in bases:
+                annotations.update(base.__dict__.get('__annotations__', {}))
+                required_keys.update(base.__dict__.get('__required_keys__', ()))
+                optional_keys.update(base.__dict__.get('__optional_keys__', ()))
+
+            annotations.update(own_annotations)
+            if total:
+                required_keys.update(own_annotation_keys)
+            else:
+                optional_keys.update(own_annotation_keys)
+
+            tp_dict.__annotations__ = annotations
+            tp_dict.__required_keys__ = frozenset(required_keys)
+            tp_dict.__optional_keys__ = frozenset(optional_keys)
+            if not hasattr(tp_dict, '__total__'):
+                tp_dict.__total__ = total
+            return tp_dict
+
+        __instancecheck__ = __subclasscheck__ = _check_fails
+
+    TypedDict = _TypedDictMeta('TypedDict', (dict,), {})
+    TypedDict.__module__ = __name__
+    TypedDict.__doc__ = \
+        """A simple typed name space. At runtime it is equivalent to a plain dict.
+
+        TypedDict creates a dictionary type that expects all of its
+        instances to have a certain set of keys, with each key
+        associated with a value of a consistent type. This expectation
+        is not checked at runtime but is only enforced by type checkers.
+        Usage::
+
+            class Point2D(TypedDict):
+                x: int
+                y: int
+                label: str
+
+            a: Point2D = {'x': 1, 'y': 2, 'label': 'good'}  # OK
+            b: Point2D = {'z': 3, 'label': 'bad'}           # Fails type check
+
+            assert Point2D(x=1, y=2, label='first') == dict(x=1, y=2, label='first')
+
+        The type info can be accessed via the Point2D.__annotations__ dict, and
+        the Point2D.__required_keys__ and Point2D.__optional_keys__ frozensets.
+        TypedDict supports two additional equivalent forms::
+
+            Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', x=int, y=int, label=str)
+            Point2D = TypedDict('Point2D', {'x': int, 'y': int, 'label': str})
+
+        The class syntax is only supported in Python 3.6+, while two other
+        syntax forms work for Python 2.7 and 3.2+
+        """
+
+
+# Python 3.9+ has PEP 593 (Annotated and modified get_type_hints)
+if hasattr(typing, 'Annotated'):
+    Annotated = typing.Annotated
+    get_type_hints = typing.get_type_hints
+    # Not exported and not a public API, but needed for get_origin() and get_args()
+    # to work.
+    _AnnotatedAlias = typing._AnnotatedAlias
+elif PEP_560:
+    class _AnnotatedAlias(typing._GenericAlias, _root=True):
+        """Runtime representation of an annotated type.
+
+        At its core 'Annotated[t, dec1, dec2, ...]' is an alias for the type 't'
+        with extra annotations. The alias behaves like a normal typing alias,
+        instantiating is the same as instantiating the underlying type, binding
+        it to types is also the same.
+        """
+        def __init__(self, origin, metadata):
+            if isinstance(origin, _AnnotatedAlias):
+                metadata = origin.__metadata__ + metadata
+                origin = origin.__origin__
+            super().__init__(origin, origin)
+            self.__metadata__ = metadata
+
+        def copy_with(self, params):
+            assert len(params) == 1
+            new_type = params[0]
+            return _AnnotatedAlias(new_type, self.__metadata__)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return "typing_extensions.Annotated[{}, {}]".format(
+                typing._type_repr(self.__origin__),
+                ", ".join(repr(a) for a in self.__metadata__)
+            )
+
+        def __reduce__(self):
+            return operator.getitem, (
+                Annotated, (self.__origin__,) + self.__metadata__
+            )
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _AnnotatedAlias):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__origin__ != other.__origin__:
+                return False
+            return self.__metadata__ == other.__metadata__
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((self.__origin__, self.__metadata__))
+
+    class Annotated:
+        """Add context specific metadata to a type.
+
+        Example: Annotated[int, runtime_check.Unsigned] indicates to the
+        hypothetical runtime_check module that this type is an unsigned int.
+        Every other consumer of this type can ignore this metadata and treat
+        this type as int.
+
+        The first argument to Annotated must be a valid type (and will be in
+        the __origin__ field), the remaining arguments are kept as a tuple in
+        the __extra__ field.
+
+        Details:
+
+        - It's an error to call `Annotated` with less than two arguments.
+        - Nested Annotated are flattened::
+
+            Annotated[Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2], Ann3] == Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2, Ann3]
+
+        - Instantiating an annotated type is equivalent to instantiating the
+        underlying type::
+
+            Annotated[C, Ann1](5) == C(5)
+
+        - Annotated can be used as a generic type alias::
+
+            Optimized = Annotated[T, runtime.Optimize()]
+            Optimized[int] == Annotated[int, runtime.Optimize()]
+
+            OptimizedList = Annotated[List[T], runtime.Optimize()]
+            OptimizedList[int] == Annotated[List[int], runtime.Optimize()]
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise TypeError("Type Annotated cannot be instantiated.")
+
+        @_tp_cache
+        def __class_getitem__(cls, params):
+            if not isinstance(params, tuple) or len(params) < 2:
+                raise TypeError("Annotated[...] should be used "
+                                "with at least two arguments (a type and an "
+                                "annotation).")
+            msg = "Annotated[t, ...]: t must be a type."
+            origin = typing._type_check(params[0], msg)
+            metadata = tuple(params[1:])
+            return _AnnotatedAlias(origin, metadata)
+
+        def __init_subclass__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Cannot subclass {}.Annotated".format(cls.__module__)
+            )
+
+    def _strip_annotations(t):
+        """Strips the annotations from a given type.
+        """
+        if isinstance(t, _AnnotatedAlias):
+            return _strip_annotations(t.__origin__)
+        if isinstance(t, typing._GenericAlias):
+            stripped_args = tuple(_strip_annotations(a) for a in t.__args__)
+            if stripped_args == t.__args__:
+                return t
+            res = t.copy_with(stripped_args)
+            res._special = t._special
+            return res
+        return t
+
+    def get_type_hints(obj, globalns=None, localns=None, include_extras=False):
+        """Return type hints for an object.
+
+        This is often the same as obj.__annotations__, but it handles
+        forward references encoded as string literals, adds Optional[t] if a
+        default value equal to None is set and recursively replaces all
+        'Annotated[T, ...]' with 'T' (unless 'include_extras=True').
+
+        The argument may be a module, class, method, or function. The annotations
+        are returned as a dictionary. For classes, annotations include also
+        inherited members.
+
+        TypeError is raised if the argument is not of a type that can contain
+        annotations, and an empty dictionary is returned if no annotations are
+        present.
+
+        BEWARE -- the behavior of globalns and localns is counterintuitive
+        (unless you are familiar with how eval() and exec() work).  The
+        search order is locals first, then globals.
+
+        - If no dict arguments are passed, an attempt is made to use the
+          globals from obj (or the respective module's globals for classes),
+          and these are also used as the locals.  If the object does not appear
+          to have globals, an empty dictionary is used.
+
+        - If one dict argument is passed, it is used for both globals and
+          locals.
+
+        - If two dict arguments are passed, they specify globals and
+          locals, respectively.
+        """
+        hint = typing.get_type_hints(obj, globalns=globalns, localns=localns)
+        if include_extras:
+            return hint
+        return {k: _strip_annotations(t) for k, t in hint.items()}
+
+elif HAVE_ANNOTATED:
+
+    def _is_dunder(name):
+        """Returns True if name is a __dunder_variable_name__."""
+        return len(name) > 4 and name.startswith('__') and name.endswith('__')
+
+    # Prior to Python 3.7 types did not have `copy_with`. A lot of the equality
+    # checks, argument expansion etc. are done on the _subs_tre. As a result we
+    # can't provide a get_type_hints function that strips out annotations.
+
+    class AnnotatedMeta(typing.GenericMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Annotated"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, **kwargs):
+            if any(b is not object for b in bases):
+                raise TypeError("Cannot subclass " + str(Annotated))
+            return super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, **kwargs)
+
+        @property
+        def __metadata__(self):
+            return self._subs_tree()[2]
+
+        def _tree_repr(self, tree):
+            cls, origin, metadata = tree
+            if not isinstance(origin, tuple):
+                tp_repr = typing._type_repr(origin)
+            else:
+                tp_repr = origin[0]._tree_repr(origin)
+            metadata_reprs = ", ".join(repr(arg) for arg in metadata)
+            return '%s[%s, %s]' % (cls, tp_repr, metadata_reprs)
+
+        def _subs_tree(self, tvars=None, args=None):  # noqa
+            if self is Annotated:
+                return Annotated
+            res = super()._subs_tree(tvars=tvars, args=args)
+            # Flatten nested Annotated
+            if isinstance(res[1], tuple) and res[1][0] is Annotated:
+                sub_tp = res[1][1]
+                sub_annot = res[1][2]
+                return (Annotated, sub_tp, sub_annot + res[2])
+            return res
+
+        def _get_cons(self):
+            """Return the class used to create instance of this type."""
+            if self.__origin__ is None:
+                raise TypeError("Cannot get the underlying type of a "
+                                "non-specialized Annotated type.")
+            tree = self._subs_tree()
+            while isinstance(tree, tuple) and tree[0] is Annotated:
+                tree = tree[1]
+            if isinstance(tree, tuple):
+                return tree[0]
+            else:
+                return tree
+
+        @_tp_cache
+        def __getitem__(self, params):
+            if not isinstance(params, tuple):
+                params = (params,)
+            if self.__origin__ is not None:  # specializing an instantiated type
+                return super().__getitem__(params)
+            elif not isinstance(params, tuple) or len(params) < 2:
+                raise TypeError("Annotated[...] should be instantiated "
+                                "with at least two arguments (a type and an "
+                                "annotation).")
+            else:
+                msg = "Annotated[t, ...]: t must be a type."
+                tp = typing._type_check(params[0], msg)
+                metadata = tuple(params[1:])
+            return self.__class__(
+                self.__name__,
+                self.__bases__,
+                _no_slots_copy(self.__dict__),
+                tvars=_type_vars((tp,)),
+                # Metadata is a tuple so it won't be touched by _replace_args et al.
+                args=(tp, metadata),
+                origin=self,
+            )
+
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            cons = self._get_cons()
+            result = cons(*args, **kwargs)
+            try:
+                result.__orig_class__ = self
+            except AttributeError:
+                pass
+            return result
+
+        def __getattr__(self, attr):
+            # For simplicity we just don't relay all dunder names
+            if self.__origin__ is not None and not _is_dunder(attr):
+                return getattr(self._get_cons(), attr)
+            raise AttributeError(attr)
+
+        def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
+            if _is_dunder(attr) or attr.startswith('_abc_'):
+                super().__setattr__(attr, value)
+            elif self.__origin__ is None:
+                raise AttributeError(attr)
+            else:
+                setattr(self._get_cons(), attr, value)
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("Annotated cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("Annotated cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+    class Annotated(metaclass=AnnotatedMeta):
+        """Add context specific metadata to a type.
+
+        Example: Annotated[int, runtime_check.Unsigned] indicates to the
+        hypothetical runtime_check module that this type is an unsigned int.
+        Every other consumer of this type can ignore this metadata and treat
+        this type as int.
+
+        The first argument to Annotated must be a valid type, the remaining
+        arguments are kept as a tuple in the __metadata__ field.
+
+        Details:
+
+        - It's an error to call `Annotated` with less than two arguments.
+        - Nested Annotated are flattened::
+
+            Annotated[Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2], Ann3] == Annotated[T, Ann1, Ann2, Ann3]
+
+        - Instantiating an annotated type is equivalent to instantiating the
+        underlying type::
+
+            Annotated[C, Ann1](5) == C(5)
+
+        - Annotated can be used as a generic type alias::
+
+            Optimized = Annotated[T, runtime.Optimize()]
+            Optimized[int] == Annotated[int, runtime.Optimize()]
+
+            OptimizedList = Annotated[List[T], runtime.Optimize()]
+            OptimizedList[int] == Annotated[List[int], runtime.Optimize()]
+        """
+
+# Python 3.8 has get_origin() and get_args() but those implementations aren't
+# Annotated-aware, so we can't use those, only Python 3.9 versions will do.
+# Similarly, Python 3.9's implementation doesn't support ParamSpecArgs and
+# ParamSpecKwargs.
+if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10):
+    get_origin = typing.get_origin
+    get_args = typing.get_args
+elif PEP_560:
+    try:
+        # 3.9+
+        from typing import _BaseGenericAlias
+    except ImportError:
+        _BaseGenericAlias = _GenericAlias
+    try:
+        # 3.9+
+        from typing import GenericAlias
+    except ImportError:
+        GenericAlias = _GenericAlias
+
+    def get_origin(tp):
+        """Get the unsubscripted version of a type.
+
+        This supports generic types, Callable, Tuple, Union, Literal, Final, ClassVar
+        and Annotated. Return None for unsupported types. Examples::
+
+            get_origin(Literal[42]) is Literal
+            get_origin(int) is None
+            get_origin(ClassVar[int]) is ClassVar
+            get_origin(Generic) is Generic
+            get_origin(Generic[T]) is Generic
+            get_origin(Union[T, int]) is Union
+            get_origin(List[Tuple[T, T]][int]) == list
+            get_origin(P.args) is P
+        """
+        if isinstance(tp, _AnnotatedAlias):
+            return Annotated
+        if isinstance(tp, (_GenericAlias, GenericAlias, _BaseGenericAlias,
+                           ParamSpecArgs, ParamSpecKwargs)):
+            return tp.__origin__
+        if tp is Generic:
+            return Generic
+        return None
+
+    def get_args(tp):
+        """Get type arguments with all substitutions performed.
+
+        For unions, basic simplifications used by Union constructor are performed.
+        Examples::
+            get_args(Dict[str, int]) == (str, int)
+            get_args(int) == ()
+            get_args(Union[int, Union[T, int], str][int]) == (int, str)
+            get_args(Union[int, Tuple[T, int]][str]) == (int, Tuple[str, int])
+            get_args(Callable[[], T][int]) == ([], int)
+        """
+        if isinstance(tp, _AnnotatedAlias):
+            return (tp.__origin__,) + tp.__metadata__
+        if isinstance(tp, (_GenericAlias, GenericAlias)):
+            if getattr(tp, "_special", False):
+                return ()
+            res = tp.__args__
+            if get_origin(tp) is collections.abc.Callable and res[0] is not Ellipsis:
+                res = (list(res[:-1]), res[-1])
+            return res
+        return ()
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'TypeAlias'):
+    TypeAlias = typing.TypeAlias
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+    class _TypeAliasForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+    @_TypeAliasForm
+    def TypeAlias(self, parameters):
+        """Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+        be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+        checkers.
+
+        For example::
+
+            Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+        It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example above.
+        """
+        raise TypeError("{} is not subscriptable".format(self))
+
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _TypeAliasForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+    TypeAlias = _TypeAliasForm('TypeAlias',
+                               doc="""Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+                               be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+                               checkers.
+
+                               For example::
+
+                                   Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+                               It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example
+                               above.""")
+
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _TypeAliasMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for TypeAlias"""
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.TypeAlias'
+
+    class _TypeAliasBase(typing._FinalTypingBase, metaclass=_TypeAliasMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+        be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+        checkers.
+
+        For example::
+
+            Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+        It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example above.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.TypeAlias'
+
+    TypeAlias = _TypeAliasBase(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _TypeAliasMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for TypeAlias"""
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise TypeError("Cannot instantiate TypeAlias")
+
+    class TypeAlias(metaclass=_TypeAliasMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special marker indicating that an assignment should
+        be recognized as a proper type alias definition by type
+        checkers.
+
+        For example::
+
+            Predicate: TypeAlias = Callable[..., bool]
+
+        It's invalid when used anywhere except as in the example above.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+# Python 3.10+ has PEP 612
+if hasattr(typing, 'ParamSpecArgs'):
+    ParamSpecArgs = typing.ParamSpecArgs
+    ParamSpecKwargs = typing.ParamSpecKwargs
+else:
+    class _Immutable:
+        """Mixin to indicate that object should not be copied."""
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __copy__(self):
+            return self
+
+        def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
+            return self
+
+    class ParamSpecArgs(_Immutable):
+        """The args for a ParamSpec object.
+
+        Given a ParamSpec object P, P.args is an instance of ParamSpecArgs.
+
+        ParamSpecArgs objects have a reference back to their ParamSpec:
+
+        P.args.__origin__ is P
+
+        This type is meant for runtime introspection and has no special meaning to
+        static type checkers.
+        """
+        def __init__(self, origin):
+            self.__origin__ = origin
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return "{}.args".format(self.__origin__.__name__)
+
+    class ParamSpecKwargs(_Immutable):
+        """The kwargs for a ParamSpec object.
+
+        Given a ParamSpec object P, P.kwargs is an instance of ParamSpecKwargs.
+
+        ParamSpecKwargs objects have a reference back to their ParamSpec:
+
+        P.kwargs.__origin__ is P
+
+        This type is meant for runtime introspection and has no special meaning to
+        static type checkers.
+        """
+        def __init__(self, origin):
+            self.__origin__ = origin
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return "{}.kwargs".format(self.__origin__.__name__)
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'ParamSpec'):
+    ParamSpec = typing.ParamSpec
+else:
+
+    # Inherits from list as a workaround for Callable checks in Python < 3.9.2.
+    class ParamSpec(list):
+        """Parameter specification variable.
+
+        Usage::
+
+           P = ParamSpec('P')
+
+        Parameter specification variables exist primarily for the benefit of static
+        type checkers.  They are used to forward the parameter types of one
+        callable to another callable, a pattern commonly found in higher order
+        functions and decorators.  They are only valid when used in ``Concatenate``,
+        or s the first argument to ``Callable``. In Python 3.10 and higher,
+        they are also supported in user-defined Generics at runtime.
+        See class Generic for more information on generic types.  An
+        example for annotating a decorator::
+
+           T = TypeVar('T')
+           P = ParamSpec('P')
+
+           def add_logging(f: Callable[P, T]) -> Callable[P, T]:
+               '''A type-safe decorator to add logging to a function.'''
+               def inner(*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs) -> T:
+                   logging.info(f'{f.__name__} was called')
+                   return f(*args, **kwargs)
+               return inner
+
+           @add_logging
+           def add_two(x: float, y: float) -> float:
+               '''Add two numbers together.'''
+               return x + y
+
+        Parameter specification variables defined with covariant=True or
+        contravariant=True can be used to declare covariant or contravariant
+        generic types.  These keyword arguments are valid, but their actual semantics
+        are yet to be decided.  See PEP 612 for details.
+
+        Parameter specification variables can be introspected. e.g.:
+
+           P.__name__ == 'T'
+           P.__bound__ == None
+           P.__covariant__ == False
+           P.__contravariant__ == False
+
+        Note that only parameter specification variables defined in global scope can
+        be pickled.
+        """
+
+        # Trick Generic __parameters__.
+        __class__ = TypeVar
+
+        @property
+        def args(self):
+            return ParamSpecArgs(self)
+
+        @property
+        def kwargs(self):
+            return ParamSpecKwargs(self)
+
+        def __init__(self, name, *, bound=None, covariant=False, contravariant=False):
+            super().__init__([self])
+            self.__name__ = name
+            self.__covariant__ = bool(covariant)
+            self.__contravariant__ = bool(contravariant)
+            if bound:
+                self.__bound__ = typing._type_check(bound, 'Bound must be a type.')
+            else:
+                self.__bound__ = None
+
+            # for pickling:
+            try:
+                def_mod = sys._getframe(1).f_globals.get('__name__', '__main__')
+            except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+                def_mod = None
+            if def_mod != 'typing_extensions':
+                self.__module__ = def_mod
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            if self.__covariant__:
+                prefix = '+'
+            elif self.__contravariant__:
+                prefix = '-'
+            else:
+                prefix = '~'
+            return prefix + self.__name__
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return object.__hash__(self)
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            return self is other
+
+        def __reduce__(self):
+            return self.__name__
+
+        # Hack to get typing._type_check to pass.
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+
+        if not PEP_560:
+            # Only needed in 3.6 and lower.
+            def _get_type_vars(self, tvars):
+                if self not in tvars:
+                    tvars.append(self)
+
+
+# Inherits from list as a workaround for Callable checks in Python < 3.9.2.
+class _ConcatenateGenericAlias(list):
+
+    # Trick Generic into looking into this for __parameters__.
+    if PEP_560:
+        __class__ = typing._GenericAlias
+    elif sys.version_info[:3] == (3, 5, 2):
+        __class__ = typing.TypingMeta
+    else:
+        __class__ = typing._TypingBase
+
+    # Flag in 3.8.
+    _special = False
+    # Attribute in 3.6 and earlier.
+    if sys.version_info[:3] == (3, 5, 2):
+        _gorg = typing.GenericMeta
+    else:
+        _gorg = typing.Generic
+
+    def __init__(self, origin, args):
+        super().__init__(args)
+        self.__origin__ = origin
+        self.__args__ = args
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        _type_repr = typing._type_repr
+        return '{origin}[{args}]' \
+               .format(origin=_type_repr(self.__origin__),
+                       args=', '.join(_type_repr(arg) for arg in self.__args__))
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash((self.__origin__, self.__args__))
+
+    # Hack to get typing._type_check to pass in Generic.
+    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        pass
+
+    @property
+    def __parameters__(self):
+        return tuple(tp for tp in self.__args__ if isinstance(tp, (TypeVar, ParamSpec)))
+
+    if not PEP_560:
+        # Only required in 3.6 and lower.
+        def _get_type_vars(self, tvars):
+            if self.__origin__ and self.__parameters__:
+                typing._get_type_vars(self.__parameters__, tvars)
+
+
+@_tp_cache
+def _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters):
+    if parameters == ():
+        raise TypeError("Cannot take a Concatenate of no types.")
+    if not isinstance(parameters, tuple):
+        parameters = (parameters,)
+    if not isinstance(parameters[-1], ParamSpec):
+        raise TypeError("The last parameter to Concatenate should be a "
+                        "ParamSpec variable.")
+    msg = "Concatenate[arg, ...]: each arg must be a type."
+    parameters = tuple(typing._type_check(p, msg) for p in parameters)
+    return _ConcatenateGenericAlias(self, parameters)
+
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'Concatenate'):
+    Concatenate = typing.Concatenate
+    _ConcatenateGenericAlias = typing._ConcatenateGenericAlias # noqa
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+    @_TypeAliasForm
+    def Concatenate(self, parameters):
+        """Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """
+        return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _ConcatenateForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+
+    Concatenate = _ConcatenateForm(
+        'Concatenate',
+        doc="""Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """)
+
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _ConcatenateAliasMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Concatenate."""
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.Concatenate'
+
+    class _ConcatenateAliasBase(typing._FinalTypingBase,
+                                metaclass=_ConcatenateAliasMeta,
+                                _root=True):
+        """Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("Concatenate cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("Concatenate cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.Concatenate'
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+
+    Concatenate = _ConcatenateAliasBase(_root=True)
+# For 3.5.0 - 3.5.2
+else:
+    class _ConcatenateAliasMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for Concatenate."""
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("TypeAlias cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            raise TypeError("Cannot instantiate TypeAlias")
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            return _concatenate_getitem(self, parameters)
+
+    class Concatenate(metaclass=_ConcatenateAliasMeta, _root=True):
+        """Used in conjunction with ``ParamSpec`` and ``Callable`` to represent a
+        higher order function which adds, removes or transforms parameters of a
+        callable.
+
+        For example::
+
+           Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]
+
+        See PEP 612 for detailed information.
+        """
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+if hasattr(typing, 'TypeGuard'):
+    TypeGuard = typing.TypeGuard
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
+    class _TypeGuardForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+    @_TypeGuardForm
+    def TypeGuard(self, parameters):
+        """Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """
+        item = typing._type_check(parameters, '{} accepts only single type.'.format(self))
+        return _GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 7):
+    class _TypeGuardForm(typing._SpecialForm, _root=True):
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return 'typing_extensions.' + self._name
+
+        def __getitem__(self, parameters):
+            item = typing._type_check(parameters,
+                                      '{} accepts only a single type'.format(self._name))
+            return _GenericAlias(self, (item,))
+
+    TypeGuard = _TypeGuardForm(
+        'TypeGuard',
+        doc="""Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """)
+elif hasattr(typing, '_FinalTypingBase'):
+    class _TypeGuard(typing._FinalTypingBase, _root=True):
+        """Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """
+
+        __slots__ = ('__type__',)
+
+        def __init__(self, tp=None, **kwds):
+            self.__type__ = tp
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is None:
+                return cls(typing._type_check(item,
+                           '{} accepts only a single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:])),
+                           _root=True)
+            raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                            .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(new_tp, _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not isinstance(other, _TypeGuard):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    TypeGuard = _TypeGuard(_root=True)
+else:
+    class _TypeGuardMeta(typing.TypingMeta):
+        """Metaclass for TypeGuard"""
+
+        def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, tp=None, _root=False):
+            self = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, _root=_root)
+            if tp is not None:
+                self.__type__ = tp
+            return self
+
+        def __instancecheck__(self, obj):
+            raise TypeError("TypeGuard cannot be used with isinstance().")
+
+        def __subclasscheck__(self, cls):
+            raise TypeError("TypeGuard cannot be used with issubclass().")
+
+        def __getitem__(self, item):
+            cls = type(self)
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                raise TypeError('{} cannot be further subscripted'
+                                .format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+
+            param = typing._type_check(
+                item,
+                '{} accepts only single type.'.format(cls.__name__[1:]))
+            return cls(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                       dict(self.__dict__), tp=param, _root=True)
+
+        def _eval_type(self, globalns, localns):
+            new_tp = typing._eval_type(self.__type__, globalns, localns)
+            if new_tp == self.__type__:
+                return self
+            return type(self)(self.__name__, self.__bases__,
+                              dict(self.__dict__), tp=self.__type__,
+                              _root=True)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            r = super().__repr__()
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                r += '[{}]'.format(typing._type_repr(self.__type__))
+            return r
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return hash((type(self).__name__, self.__type__))
+
+        def __eq__(self, other):
+            if not hasattr(other, "__type__"):
+                return NotImplemented
+            if self.__type__ is not None:
+                return self.__type__ == other.__type__
+            return self is other
+
+    class TypeGuard(typing.Final, metaclass=_TypeGuardMeta, _root=True):
+        """Special typing form used to annotate the return type of a user-defined
+        type guard function.  ``TypeGuard`` only accepts a single type argument.
+        At runtime, functions marked this way should return a boolean.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` aims to benefit *type narrowing* -- a technique used by static
+        type checkers to determine a more precise type of an expression within a
+        program's code flow.  Usually type narrowing is done by analyzing
+        conditional code flow and applying the narrowing to a block of code.  The
+        conditional expression here is sometimes referred to as a "type guard".
+
+        Sometimes it would be convenient to use a user-defined boolean function
+        as a type guard.  Such a function should use ``TypeGuard[...]`` as its
+        return type to alert static type checkers to this intention.
+
+        Using  ``-> TypeGuard`` tells the static type checker that for a given
+        function:
+
+        1. The return value is a boolean.
+        2. If the return value is ``True``, the type of its argument
+        is the type inside ``TypeGuard``.
+
+        For example::
+
+            def is_str(val: Union[str, float]):
+                # "isinstance" type guard
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    # Type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``str``
+                    ...
+                else:
+                    # Else, type of ``val`` is narrowed to ``float``.
+                    ...
+
+        Strict type narrowing is not enforced -- ``TypeB`` need not be a narrower
+        form of ``TypeA`` (it can even be a wider form) and this may lead to
+        type-unsafe results.  The main reason is to allow for things like
+        narrowing ``List[object]`` to ``List[str]`` even though the latter is not
+        a subtype of the former, since ``List`` is invariant.  The responsibility of
+        writing type-safe type guards is left to the user.
+
+        ``TypeGuard`` also works with type variables.  For more information, see
+        PEP 647 (User-Defined Type Guards).
+        """
+        __type__ = None
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e63e066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+from .serving import run_simple as run_simple
+from .test import Client as Client
+from .wrappers import Request as Request
+from .wrappers import Response as Response
+
+__version__ = "2.0.2"
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/__pycache__/wsgi.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/__pycache__/wsgi.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/_internal.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/_internal.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d33563
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/_internal.py
@@ -0,0 +1,626 @@
+import inspect
+import logging
+import operator
+import re
+import string
+import sys
+import typing
+import typing as t
+from datetime import date
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timezone
+from itertools import chain
+from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+    from .wrappers.request import Request  # noqa: F401
+
+_logger: t.Optional[logging.Logger] = None
+_signature_cache = WeakKeyDictionary()  # type: ignore
+_epoch_ord = date(1970, 1, 1).toordinal()
+_legal_cookie_chars = frozenset(
+    c.encode("ascii")
+    for c in f"{string.ascii_letters}{string.digits}/=!#$%&'*+-.^_`|~:"
+)
+
+_cookie_quoting_map = {b",": b"\\054", b";": b"\\073", b'"': b'\\"', b"\\": b"\\\\"}
+for _i in chain(range(32), range(127, 256)):
+    _cookie_quoting_map[_i.to_bytes(1, sys.byteorder)] = f"\\{_i:03o}".encode("latin1")
+
+_octal_re = re.compile(br"\\[0-3][0-7][0-7]")
+_quote_re = re.compile(br"[\\].")
+_legal_cookie_chars_re = br"[\w\d!#%&\'~_`><@,:/\$\*\+\-\.\^\|\)\(\?\}\{\=]"
+_cookie_re = re.compile(
+    br"""
+    (?P<key>[^=;]+)
+    (?:\s*=\s*
+        (?P<val>
+            "(?:[^\\"]|\\.)*" |
+             (?:.*?)
+        )
+    )?
+    \s*;
+""",
+    flags=re.VERBOSE,
+)
+
+
+class _Missing:
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "no value"
+
+    def __reduce__(self) -> str:
+        return "_missing"
+
+
+_missing = _Missing()
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def _make_encode_wrapper(reference: str) -> t.Callable[[str], str]:
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def _make_encode_wrapper(reference: bytes) -> t.Callable[[str], bytes]:
+    ...
+
+
+def _make_encode_wrapper(reference: t.AnyStr) -> t.Callable[[str], t.AnyStr]:
+    """Create a function that will be called with a string argument. If
+    the reference is bytes, values will be encoded to bytes.
+    """
+    if isinstance(reference, str):
+        return lambda x: x
+
+    return operator.methodcaller("encode", "latin1")
+
+
+def _check_str_tuple(value: t.Tuple[t.AnyStr, ...]) -> None:
+    """Ensure tuple items are all strings or all bytes."""
+    if not value:
+        return
+
+    item_type = str if isinstance(value[0], str) else bytes
+
+    if any(not isinstance(item, item_type) for item in value):
+        raise TypeError(f"Cannot mix str and bytes arguments (got {value!r})")
+
+
+_default_encoding = sys.getdefaultencoding()
+
+
+def _to_bytes(
+    x: t.Union[str, bytes], charset: str = _default_encoding, errors: str = "strict"
+) -> bytes:
+    if x is None or isinstance(x, bytes):
+        return x
+
+    if isinstance(x, (bytearray, memoryview)):
+        return bytes(x)
+
+    if isinstance(x, str):
+        return x.encode(charset, errors)
+
+    raise TypeError("Expected bytes")
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def _to_str(  # type: ignore
+    x: None,
+    charset: t.Optional[str] = ...,
+    errors: str = ...,
+    allow_none_charset: bool = ...,
+) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def _to_str(
+    x: t.Any,
+    charset: t.Optional[str] = ...,
+    errors: str = ...,
+    allow_none_charset: bool = ...,
+) -> str:
+    ...
+
+
+def _to_str(
+    x: t.Optional[t.Any],
+    charset: t.Optional[str] = _default_encoding,
+    errors: str = "strict",
+    allow_none_charset: bool = False,
+) -> t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes]]:
+    if x is None or isinstance(x, str):
+        return x
+
+    if not isinstance(x, (bytes, bytearray)):
+        return str(x)
+
+    if charset is None:
+        if allow_none_charset:
+            return x
+
+    return x.decode(charset, errors)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def _wsgi_decoding_dance(
+    s: str, charset: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "replace"
+) -> str:
+    return s.encode("latin1").decode(charset, errors)
+
+
+def _wsgi_encoding_dance(
+    s: str, charset: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "replace"
+) -> str:
+    if isinstance(s, bytes):
+        return s.decode("latin1", errors)
+
+    return s.encode(charset).decode("latin1", errors)
+
+
+def _get_environ(obj: t.Union["WSGIEnvironment", "Request"]) -> "WSGIEnvironment":
+    env = getattr(obj, "environ", obj)
+    assert isinstance(
+        env, dict
+    ), f"{type(obj).__name__!r} is not a WSGI environment (has to be a dict)"
+    return env
+
+
+def _has_level_handler(logger: logging.Logger) -> bool:
+    """Check if there is a handler in the logging chain that will handle
+    the given logger's effective level.
+    """
+    level = logger.getEffectiveLevel()
+    current = logger
+
+    while current:
+        if any(handler.level <= level for handler in current.handlers):
+            return True
+
+        if not current.propagate:
+            break
+
+        current = current.parent  # type: ignore
+
+    return False
+
+
+class _ColorStreamHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
+    """On Windows, wrap stream with Colorama for ANSI style support."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            import colorama
+        except ImportError:
+            stream = None
+        else:
+            stream = colorama.AnsiToWin32(sys.stderr)
+
+        super().__init__(stream)
+
+
+def _log(type: str, message: str, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+    """Log a message to the 'werkzeug' logger.
+
+    The logger is created the first time it is needed. If there is no
+    level set, it is set to :data:`logging.INFO`. If there is no handler
+    for the logger's effective level, a :class:`logging.StreamHandler`
+    is added.
+    """
+    global _logger
+
+    if _logger is None:
+        _logger = logging.getLogger("werkzeug")
+
+        if _logger.level == logging.NOTSET:
+            _logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
+
+        if not _has_level_handler(_logger):
+            _logger.addHandler(_ColorStreamHandler())
+
+    getattr(_logger, type)(message.rstrip(), *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _parse_signature(func):  # type: ignore
+    """Return a signature object for the function.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1 along with ``utils.bind`` and
+        ``validate_arguments``.
+    """
+    # if we have a cached validator for this function, return it
+    parse = _signature_cache.get(func)
+    if parse is not None:
+        return parse
+
+    # inspect the function signature and collect all the information
+    tup = inspect.getfullargspec(func)
+    positional, vararg_var, kwarg_var, defaults = tup[:4]
+    defaults = defaults or ()
+    arg_count = len(positional)
+    arguments = []
+    for idx, name in enumerate(positional):
+        if isinstance(name, list):
+            raise TypeError(
+                "cannot parse functions that unpack tuples in the function signature"
+            )
+        try:
+            default = defaults[idx - arg_count]
+        except IndexError:
+            param = (name, False, None)
+        else:
+            param = (name, True, default)
+        arguments.append(param)
+    arguments = tuple(arguments)
+
+    def parse(args, kwargs):  # type: ignore
+        new_args = []
+        missing = []
+        extra = {}
+
+        # consume as many arguments as positional as possible
+        for idx, (name, has_default, default) in enumerate(arguments):
+            try:
+                new_args.append(args[idx])
+            except IndexError:
+                try:
+                    new_args.append(kwargs.pop(name))
+                except KeyError:
+                    if has_default:
+                        new_args.append(default)
+                    else:
+                        missing.append(name)
+            else:
+                if name in kwargs:
+                    extra[name] = kwargs.pop(name)
+
+        # handle extra arguments
+        extra_positional = args[arg_count:]
+        if vararg_var is not None:
+            new_args.extend(extra_positional)
+            extra_positional = ()
+        if kwargs and kwarg_var is None:
+            extra.update(kwargs)
+            kwargs = {}
+
+        return (
+            new_args,
+            kwargs,
+            missing,
+            extra,
+            extra_positional,
+            arguments,
+            vararg_var,
+            kwarg_var,
+        )
+
+    _signature_cache[func] = parse
+    return parse
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def _dt_as_utc(dt: None) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def _dt_as_utc(dt: datetime) -> datetime:
+    ...
+
+
+def _dt_as_utc(dt: t.Optional[datetime]) -> t.Optional[datetime]:
+    if dt is None:
+        return dt
+
+    if dt.tzinfo is None:
+        return dt.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+    elif dt.tzinfo != timezone.utc:
+        return dt.astimezone(timezone.utc)
+
+    return dt
+
+
+_TAccessorValue = t.TypeVar("_TAccessorValue")
+
+
+class _DictAccessorProperty(t.Generic[_TAccessorValue]):
+    """Baseclass for `environ_property` and `header_property`."""
+
+    read_only = False
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        default: t.Optional[_TAccessorValue] = None,
+        load_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[str], _TAccessorValue]] = None,
+        dump_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[_TAccessorValue], str]] = None,
+        read_only: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        doc: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self.default = default
+        self.load_func = load_func
+        self.dump_func = dump_func
+        if read_only is not None:
+            self.read_only = read_only
+        self.__doc__ = doc
+
+    def lookup(self, instance: t.Any) -> t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any]:
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def __get__(
+        self, instance: None, owner: type
+    ) -> "_DictAccessorProperty[_TAccessorValue]":
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def __get__(self, instance: t.Any, owner: type) -> _TAccessorValue:
+        ...
+
+    def __get__(
+        self, instance: t.Optional[t.Any], owner: type
+    ) -> t.Union[_TAccessorValue, "_DictAccessorProperty[_TAccessorValue]"]:
+        if instance is None:
+            return self
+
+        storage = self.lookup(instance)
+
+        if self.name not in storage:
+            return self.default  # type: ignore
+
+        value = storage[self.name]
+
+        if self.load_func is not None:
+            try:
+                return self.load_func(value)
+            except (ValueError, TypeError):
+                return self.default  # type: ignore
+
+        return value  # type: ignore
+
+    def __set__(self, instance: t.Any, value: _TAccessorValue) -> None:
+        if self.read_only:
+            raise AttributeError("read only property")
+
+        if self.dump_func is not None:
+            self.lookup(instance)[self.name] = self.dump_func(value)
+        else:
+            self.lookup(instance)[self.name] = value
+
+    def __delete__(self, instance: t.Any) -> None:
+        if self.read_only:
+            raise AttributeError("read only property")
+
+        self.lookup(instance).pop(self.name, None)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self.name}>"
+
+
+def _cookie_quote(b: bytes) -> bytes:
+    buf = bytearray()
+    all_legal = True
+    _lookup = _cookie_quoting_map.get
+    _push = buf.extend
+
+    for char_int in b:
+        char = char_int.to_bytes(1, sys.byteorder)
+        if char not in _legal_cookie_chars:
+            all_legal = False
+            char = _lookup(char, char)
+        _push(char)
+
+    if all_legal:
+        return bytes(buf)
+    return bytes(b'"' + buf + b'"')
+
+
+def _cookie_unquote(b: bytes) -> bytes:
+    if len(b) < 2:
+        return b
+    if b[:1] != b'"' or b[-1:] != b'"':
+        return b
+
+    b = b[1:-1]
+
+    i = 0
+    n = len(b)
+    rv = bytearray()
+    _push = rv.extend
+
+    while 0 <= i < n:
+        o_match = _octal_re.search(b, i)
+        q_match = _quote_re.search(b, i)
+        if not o_match and not q_match:
+            rv.extend(b[i:])
+            break
+        j = k = -1
+        if o_match:
+            j = o_match.start(0)
+        if q_match:
+            k = q_match.start(0)
+        if q_match and (not o_match or k < j):
+            _push(b[i:k])
+            _push(b[k + 1 : k + 2])
+            i = k + 2
+        else:
+            _push(b[i:j])
+            rv.append(int(b[j + 1 : j + 4], 8))
+            i = j + 4
+
+    return bytes(rv)
+
+
+def _cookie_parse_impl(b: bytes) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[bytes, bytes]]:
+    """Lowlevel cookie parsing facility that operates on bytes."""
+    i = 0
+    n = len(b)
+
+    while i < n:
+        match = _cookie_re.search(b + b";", i)
+        if not match:
+            break
+
+        key = match.group("key").strip()
+        value = match.group("val") or b""
+        i = match.end(0)
+
+        yield key, _cookie_unquote(value)
+
+
+def _encode_idna(domain: str) -> bytes:
+    # If we're given bytes, make sure they fit into ASCII
+    if isinstance(domain, bytes):
+        domain.decode("ascii")
+        return domain
+
+    # Otherwise check if it's already ascii, then return
+    try:
+        return domain.encode("ascii")
+    except UnicodeError:
+        pass
+
+    # Otherwise encode each part separately
+    return b".".join(p.encode("idna") for p in domain.split("."))
+
+
+def _decode_idna(domain: t.Union[str, bytes]) -> str:
+    # If the input is a string try to encode it to ascii to do the idna
+    # decoding. If that fails because of a unicode error, then we
+    # already have a decoded idna domain.
+    if isinstance(domain, str):
+        try:
+            domain = domain.encode("ascii")
+        except UnicodeError:
+            return domain  # type: ignore
+
+    # Decode each part separately. If a part fails, try to decode it
+    # with ascii and silently ignore errors. This makes sense because
+    # the idna codec does not have error handling.
+    def decode_part(part: bytes) -> str:
+        try:
+            return part.decode("idna")
+        except UnicodeError:
+            return part.decode("ascii", "ignore")
+
+    return ".".join(decode_part(p) for p in domain.split(b"."))
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def _make_cookie_domain(domain: None) -> None:
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def _make_cookie_domain(domain: str) -> bytes:
+    ...
+
+
+def _make_cookie_domain(domain: t.Optional[str]) -> t.Optional[bytes]:
+    if domain is None:
+        return None
+    domain = _encode_idna(domain)
+    if b":" in domain:
+        domain = domain.split(b":", 1)[0]
+    if b"." in domain:
+        return domain
+    raise ValueError(
+        "Setting 'domain' for a cookie on a server running locally (ex: "
+        "localhost) is not supported by complying browsers. You should "
+        "have something like: '127.0.0.1 localhost dev.localhost' on "
+        "your hosts file and then point your server to run on "
+        "'dev.localhost' and also set 'domain' for 'dev.localhost'"
+    )
+
+
+def _easteregg(app: t.Optional["WSGIApplication"] = None) -> "WSGIApplication":
+    """Like the name says.  But who knows how it works?"""
+
+    def bzzzzzzz(gyver: bytes) -> str:
+        import base64
+        import zlib
+
+        return zlib.decompress(base64.b64decode(gyver)).decode("ascii")
+
+    gyver = "\n".join(
+        [
+            x + (77 - len(x)) * " "
+            for x in bzzzzzzz(
+                b"""
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+pdvPkhntFvkc13qb9094LL5NrA3NIq3r9eNnop9DizWOqCEbyRBFJTHn6Tt3CG1o8a4HevYh0XiJ
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+krEDuNoJCHNlZYhKpvw4mspVWxqo415n8cD62N9+EfHrAvqQnINStetek7RY2Urv8nxsnGaZfRr/
+nhXbJ6m/yl1LzYqscDZA9QHLNbdaSTTr+kFg3bC0iYbX/eQy0Bv3h4B50/SGYzKAXkCeOLI3bcAt
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+7f2zLkGNv8b191cD/3vs9Q833z8t"""
+            ).splitlines()
+        ]
+    )
+
+    def easteregged(
+        environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+    ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        def injecting_start_response(
+            status: str, headers: t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]], exc_info: t.Any = None
+        ) -> t.Callable[[bytes], t.Any]:
+            headers.append(("X-Powered-By", "Werkzeug"))
+            return start_response(status, headers, exc_info)
+
+        if app is not None and environ.get("QUERY_STRING") != "macgybarchakku":
+            return app(environ, injecting_start_response)
+        injecting_start_response("200 OK", [("Content-Type", "text/html")])
+        return [
+            f"""\
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>About Werkzeug</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+  body {{ font: 15px Georgia, serif; text-align: center; }}
+  a {{ color: #333; text-decoration: none; }}
+  h1 {{ font-size: 30px; margin: 20px 0 10px 0; }}
+  p {{ margin: 0 0 30px 0; }}
+  pre {{ font: 11px 'Consolas', 'Monaco', monospace; line-height: 0.95; }}
+</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1><a href="http://werkzeug.pocoo.org/">Werkzeug</a></h1>
+<p>the Swiss Army knife of Python web development.</p>
+<pre>{gyver}\n\n\n</pre>
+</body>
+</html>""".encode(
+                "latin1"
+            )
+        ]
+
+    return easteregged
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/_reloader.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/_reloader.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab34533
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/_reloader.py
@@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
+import fnmatch
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+import typing as t
+from itertools import chain
+from pathlib import PurePath
+
+from ._internal import _log
+
+# The various system prefixes where imports are found. Base values are
+# different when running in a virtualenv. The stat reloader won't scan
+# these directories, it would be too inefficient.
+prefix = {sys.prefix, sys.base_prefix, sys.exec_prefix, sys.base_exec_prefix}
+
+if hasattr(sys, "real_prefix"):
+    # virtualenv < 20
+    prefix.add(sys.real_prefix)  # type: ignore
+
+_ignore_prefixes = tuple(prefix)
+del prefix
+
+
+def _iter_module_paths() -> t.Iterator[str]:
+    """Find the filesystem paths associated with imported modules."""
+    # List is in case the value is modified by the app while updating.
+    for module in list(sys.modules.values()):
+        name = getattr(module, "__file__", None)
+
+        if name is None:
+            continue
+
+        while not os.path.isfile(name):
+            # Zip file, find the base file without the module path.
+            old = name
+            name = os.path.dirname(name)
+
+            if name == old:  # skip if it was all directories somehow
+                break
+        else:
+            yield name
+
+
+def _remove_by_pattern(paths: t.Set[str], exclude_patterns: t.Set[str]) -> None:
+    for pattern in exclude_patterns:
+        paths.difference_update(fnmatch.filter(paths, pattern))
+
+
+def _find_stat_paths(
+    extra_files: t.Set[str], exclude_patterns: t.Set[str]
+) -> t.Iterable[str]:
+    """Find paths for the stat reloader to watch. Returns imported
+    module files, Python files under non-system paths. Extra files and
+    Python files under extra directories can also be scanned.
+
+    System paths have to be excluded for efficiency. Non-system paths,
+    such as a project root or ``sys.path.insert``, should be the paths
+    of interest to the user anyway.
+    """
+    paths = set()
+
+    for path in chain(list(sys.path), extra_files):
+        path = os.path.abspath(path)
+
+        if os.path.isfile(path):
+            # zip file on sys.path, or extra file
+            paths.add(path)
+
+        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
+            # Ignore system prefixes for efficience. Don't scan
+            # __pycache__, it will have a py or pyc module at the import
+            # path. As an optimization, ignore .git and .hg since
+            # nothing interesting will be there.
+            if root.startswith(_ignore_prefixes) or os.path.basename(root) in {
+                "__pycache__",
+                ".git",
+                ".hg",
+            }:
+                dirs.clear()
+                continue
+
+            for name in files:
+                if name.endswith((".py", ".pyc")):
+                    paths.add(os.path.join(root, name))
+
+    paths.update(_iter_module_paths())
+    _remove_by_pattern(paths, exclude_patterns)
+    return paths
+
+
+def _find_watchdog_paths(
+    extra_files: t.Set[str], exclude_patterns: t.Set[str]
+) -> t.Iterable[str]:
+    """Find paths for the stat reloader to watch. Looks at the same
+    sources as the stat reloader, but watches everything under
+    directories instead of individual files.
+    """
+    dirs = set()
+
+    for name in chain(list(sys.path), extra_files):
+        name = os.path.abspath(name)
+
+        if os.path.isfile(name):
+            name = os.path.dirname(name)
+
+        dirs.add(name)
+
+    for name in _iter_module_paths():
+        dirs.add(os.path.dirname(name))
+
+    _remove_by_pattern(dirs, exclude_patterns)
+    return _find_common_roots(dirs)
+
+
+def _find_common_roots(paths: t.Iterable[str]) -> t.Iterable[str]:
+    root: t.Dict[str, dict] = {}
+
+    for chunks in sorted((PurePath(x).parts for x in paths), key=len, reverse=True):
+        node = root
+
+        for chunk in chunks:
+            node = node.setdefault(chunk, {})
+
+        node.clear()
+
+    rv = set()
+
+    def _walk(node: t.Mapping[str, dict], path: t.Tuple[str, ...]) -> None:
+        for prefix, child in node.items():
+            _walk(child, path + (prefix,))
+
+        if not node:
+            rv.add(os.path.join(*path))
+
+    _walk(root, ())
+    return rv
+
+
+def _get_args_for_reloading() -> t.List[str]:
+    """Determine how the script was executed, and return the args needed
+    to execute it again in a new process.
+    """
+    rv = [sys.executable]
+    py_script = sys.argv[0]
+    args = sys.argv[1:]
+    # Need to look at main module to determine how it was executed.
+    __main__ = sys.modules["__main__"]
+
+    # The value of __package__ indicates how Python was called. It may
+    # not exist if a setuptools script is installed as an egg. It may be
+    # set incorrectly for entry points created with pip on Windows.
+    if getattr(__main__, "__package__", None) is None or (
+        os.name == "nt"
+        and __main__.__package__ == ""
+        and not os.path.exists(py_script)
+        and os.path.exists(f"{py_script}.exe")
+    ):
+        # Executed a file, like "python app.py".
+        py_script = os.path.abspath(py_script)
+
+        if os.name == "nt":
+            # Windows entry points have ".exe" extension and should be
+            # called directly.
+            if not os.path.exists(py_script) and os.path.exists(f"{py_script}.exe"):
+                py_script += ".exe"
+
+            if (
+                os.path.splitext(sys.executable)[1] == ".exe"
+                and os.path.splitext(py_script)[1] == ".exe"
+            ):
+                rv.pop(0)
+
+        rv.append(py_script)
+    else:
+        # Executed a module, like "python -m werkzeug.serving".
+        if sys.argv[0] == "-m":
+            # Flask works around previous behavior by putting
+            # "-m flask" in sys.argv.
+            # TODO remove this once Flask no longer misbehaves
+            args = sys.argv
+        else:
+            if os.path.isfile(py_script):
+                # Rewritten by Python from "-m script" to "/path/to/script.py".
+                py_module = t.cast(str, __main__.__package__)
+                name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(py_script))[0]
+
+                if name != "__main__":
+                    py_module += f".{name}"
+            else:
+                # Incorrectly rewritten by pydevd debugger from "-m script" to "script".
+                py_module = py_script
+
+            rv.extend(("-m", py_module.lstrip(".")))
+
+    rv.extend(args)
+    return rv
+
+
+class ReloaderLoop:
+    name = ""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        extra_files: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+        exclude_patterns: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+        interval: t.Union[int, float] = 1,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.extra_files: t.Set[str] = {os.path.abspath(x) for x in extra_files or ()}
+        self.exclude_patterns: t.Set[str] = set(exclude_patterns or ())
+        self.interval = interval
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "ReloaderLoop":
+        """Do any setup, then run one step of the watch to populate the
+        initial filesystem state.
+        """
+        self.run_step()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):  # type: ignore
+        """Clean up any resources associated with the reloader."""
+        pass
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        """Continually run the watch step, sleeping for the configured
+        interval after each step.
+        """
+        while True:
+            self.run_step()
+            time.sleep(self.interval)
+
+    def run_step(self) -> None:
+        """Run one step for watching the filesystem. Called once to set
+        up initial state, then repeatedly to update it.
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def restart_with_reloader(self) -> int:
+        """Spawn a new Python interpreter with the same arguments as the
+        current one, but running the reloader thread.
+        """
+        while True:
+            _log("info", f" * Restarting with {self.name}")
+            args = _get_args_for_reloading()
+            new_environ = os.environ.copy()
+            new_environ["WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN"] = "true"
+            exit_code = subprocess.call(args, env=new_environ, close_fds=False)
+
+            if exit_code != 3:
+                return exit_code
+
+    def trigger_reload(self, filename: str) -> None:
+        self.log_reload(filename)
+        sys.exit(3)
+
+    def log_reload(self, filename: str) -> None:
+        filename = os.path.abspath(filename)
+        _log("info", f" * Detected change in {filename!r}, reloading")
+
+
+class StatReloaderLoop(ReloaderLoop):
+    name = "stat"
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> ReloaderLoop:
+        self.mtimes: t.Dict[str, float] = {}
+        return super().__enter__()
+
+    def run_step(self) -> None:
+        for name in chain(_find_stat_paths(self.extra_files, self.exclude_patterns)):
+            try:
+                mtime = os.stat(name).st_mtime
+            except OSError:
+                continue
+
+            old_time = self.mtimes.get(name)
+
+            if old_time is None:
+                self.mtimes[name] = mtime
+                continue
+
+            if mtime > old_time:
+                self.trigger_reload(name)
+
+
+class WatchdogReloaderLoop(ReloaderLoop):
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        from watchdog.observers import Observer
+        from watchdog.events import PatternMatchingEventHandler
+
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+        trigger_reload = self.trigger_reload
+
+        class EventHandler(PatternMatchingEventHandler):  # type: ignore
+            def on_any_event(self, event):  # type: ignore
+                trigger_reload(event.src_path)
+
+        reloader_name = Observer.__name__.lower()
+
+        if reloader_name.endswith("observer"):
+            reloader_name = reloader_name[:-8]
+
+        self.name = f"watchdog ({reloader_name})"
+        self.observer = Observer()
+        # Extra patterns can be non-Python files, match them in addition
+        # to all Python files in default and extra directories. Ignore
+        # __pycache__ since a change there will always have a change to
+        # the source file (or initial pyc file) as well. Ignore Git and
+        # Mercurial internal changes.
+        extra_patterns = [p for p in self.extra_files if not os.path.isdir(p)]
+        self.event_handler = EventHandler(
+            patterns=["*.py", "*.pyc", "*.zip", *extra_patterns],
+            ignore_patterns=[
+                "*/__pycache__/*",
+                "*/.git/*",
+                "*/.hg/*",
+                *self.exclude_patterns,
+            ],
+        )
+        self.should_reload = False
+
+    def trigger_reload(self, filename: str) -> None:
+        # This is called inside an event handler, which means throwing
+        # SystemExit has no effect.
+        # https://github.com/gorakhargosh/watchdog/issues/294
+        self.should_reload = True
+        self.log_reload(filename)
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> ReloaderLoop:
+        self.watches: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+        self.observer.start()
+        return super().__enter__()
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):  # type: ignore
+        self.observer.stop()
+        self.observer.join()
+
+    def run(self) -> None:
+        while not self.should_reload:
+            self.run_step()
+            time.sleep(self.interval)
+
+        sys.exit(3)
+
+    def run_step(self) -> None:
+        to_delete = set(self.watches)
+
+        for path in _find_watchdog_paths(self.extra_files, self.exclude_patterns):
+            if path not in self.watches:
+                try:
+                    self.watches[path] = self.observer.schedule(
+                        self.event_handler, path, recursive=True
+                    )
+                except OSError:
+                    # Clear this path from list of watches We don't want
+                    # the same error message showing again in the next
+                    # iteration.
+                    self.watches[path] = None
+
+            to_delete.discard(path)
+
+        for path in to_delete:
+            watch = self.watches.pop(path, None)
+
+            if watch is not None:
+                self.observer.unschedule(watch)
+
+
+reloader_loops: t.Dict[str, t.Type[ReloaderLoop]] = {
+    "stat": StatReloaderLoop,
+    "watchdog": WatchdogReloaderLoop,
+}
+
+try:
+    __import__("watchdog.observers")
+except ImportError:
+    reloader_loops["auto"] = reloader_loops["stat"]
+else:
+    reloader_loops["auto"] = reloader_loops["watchdog"]
+
+
+def ensure_echo_on() -> None:
+    """Ensure that echo mode is enabled. Some tools such as PDB disable
+    it which causes usability issues after a reload."""
+    # tcgetattr will fail if stdin isn't a tty
+    if sys.stdin is None or not sys.stdin.isatty():
+        return
+
+    try:
+        import termios
+    except ImportError:
+        return
+
+    attributes = termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
+
+    if not attributes[3] & termios.ECHO:
+        attributes[3] |= termios.ECHO
+        termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSANOW, attributes)
+
+
+def run_with_reloader(
+    main_func: t.Callable[[], None],
+    extra_files: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+    exclude_patterns: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+    interval: t.Union[int, float] = 1,
+    reloader_type: str = "auto",
+) -> None:
+    """Run the given function in an independent Python interpreter."""
+    import signal
+
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, lambda *args: sys.exit(0))
+    reloader = reloader_loops[reloader_type](
+        extra_files=extra_files, exclude_patterns=exclude_patterns, interval=interval
+    )
+
+    try:
+        if os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") == "true":
+            ensure_echo_on()
+            t = threading.Thread(target=main_func, args=())
+            t.daemon = True
+
+            # Enter the reloader to set up initial state, then start
+            # the app thread and reloader update loop.
+            with reloader:
+                t.start()
+                reloader.run()
+        else:
+            sys.exit(reloader.restart_with_reloader())
+    except KeyboardInterrupt:
+        pass
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/datastructures.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/datastructures.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff48a0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/datastructures.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3059 @@
+import base64
+import codecs
+import mimetypes
+import re
+import warnings
+from collections.abc import Collection
+from collections.abc import MutableSet
+from copy import deepcopy
+from io import BytesIO
+from itertools import repeat
+from os import fspath
+
+from . import exceptions
+from ._internal import _make_encode_wrapper
+from ._internal import _missing
+from .filesystem import get_filesystem_encoding
+
+
+def is_immutable(self):
+    raise TypeError(f"{type(self).__name__!r} objects are immutable")
+
+
+def iter_multi_items(mapping):
+    """Iterates over the items of a mapping yielding keys and values
+    without dropping any from more complex structures.
+    """
+    if isinstance(mapping, MultiDict):
+        yield from mapping.items(multi=True)
+    elif isinstance(mapping, dict):
+        for key, value in mapping.items():
+            if isinstance(value, (tuple, list)):
+                for v in value:
+                    yield key, v
+            else:
+                yield key, value
+    else:
+        yield from mapping
+
+
+class ImmutableListMixin:
+    """Makes a :class:`list` immutable.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :private:
+    """
+
+    _hash_cache = None
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        if self._hash_cache is not None:
+            return self._hash_cache
+        rv = self._hash_cache = hash(tuple(self))
+        return rv
+
+    def __reduce_ex__(self, protocol):
+        return type(self), (list(self),)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def __imul__(self, other):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def append(self, item):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def remove(self, item):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def extend(self, iterable):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def insert(self, pos, value):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def pop(self, index=-1):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def reverse(self):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def sort(self, key=None, reverse=False):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+
+class ImmutableList(ImmutableListMixin, list):
+    """An immutable :class:`list`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :private:
+    """
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}({list.__repr__(self)})"
+
+
+class ImmutableDictMixin:
+    """Makes a :class:`dict` immutable.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :private:
+    """
+
+    _hash_cache = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def fromkeys(cls, keys, value=None):
+        instance = super().__new__(cls)
+        instance.__init__(zip(keys, repeat(value)))
+        return instance
+
+    def __reduce_ex__(self, protocol):
+        return type(self), (dict(self),)
+
+    def _iter_hashitems(self):
+        return self.items()
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        if self._hash_cache is not None:
+            return self._hash_cache
+        rv = self._hash_cache = hash(frozenset(self._iter_hashitems()))
+        return rv
+
+    def setdefault(self, key, default=None):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def update(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def pop(self, key, default=None):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def clear(self):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+
+class ImmutableMultiDictMixin(ImmutableDictMixin):
+    """Makes a :class:`MultiDict` immutable.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :private:
+    """
+
+    def __reduce_ex__(self, protocol):
+        return type(self), (list(self.items(multi=True)),)
+
+    def _iter_hashitems(self):
+        return self.items(multi=True)
+
+    def add(self, key, value):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def popitemlist(self):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def poplist(self, key):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def setlist(self, key, new_list):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def setlistdefault(self, key, default_list=None):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+
+def _calls_update(name):
+    def oncall(self, *args, **kw):
+        rv = getattr(super(UpdateDictMixin, self), name)(*args, **kw)
+
+        if self.on_update is not None:
+            self.on_update(self)
+
+        return rv
+
+    oncall.__name__ = name
+    return oncall
+
+
+class UpdateDictMixin(dict):
+    """Makes dicts call `self.on_update` on modifications.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :private:
+    """
+
+    on_update = None
+
+    def setdefault(self, key, default=None):
+        modified = key not in self
+        rv = super().setdefault(key, default)
+        if modified and self.on_update is not None:
+            self.on_update(self)
+        return rv
+
+    def pop(self, key, default=_missing):
+        modified = key in self
+        if default is _missing:
+            rv = super().pop(key)
+        else:
+            rv = super().pop(key, default)
+        if modified and self.on_update is not None:
+            self.on_update(self)
+        return rv
+
+    __setitem__ = _calls_update("__setitem__")
+    __delitem__ = _calls_update("__delitem__")
+    clear = _calls_update("clear")
+    popitem = _calls_update("popitem")
+    update = _calls_update("update")
+
+
+class TypeConversionDict(dict):
+    """Works like a regular dict but the :meth:`get` method can perform
+    type conversions.  :class:`MultiDict` and :class:`CombinedMultiDict`
+    are subclasses of this class and provide the same feature.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+    """
+
+    def get(self, key, default=None, type=None):
+        """Return the default value if the requested data doesn't exist.
+        If `type` is provided and is a callable it should convert the value,
+        return it or raise a :exc:`ValueError` if that is not possible.  In
+        this case the function will return the default as if the value was not
+        found:
+
+        >>> d = TypeConversionDict(foo='42', bar='blub')
+        >>> d.get('foo', type=int)
+        42
+        >>> d.get('bar', -1, type=int)
+        -1
+
+        :param key: The key to be looked up.
+        :param default: The default value to be returned if the key can't
+                        be looked up.  If not further specified `None` is
+                        returned.
+        :param type: A callable that is used to cast the value in the
+                     :class:`MultiDict`.  If a :exc:`ValueError` is raised
+                     by this callable the default value is returned.
+        """
+        try:
+            rv = self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            return default
+        if type is not None:
+            try:
+                rv = type(rv)
+            except ValueError:
+                rv = default
+        return rv
+
+
+class ImmutableTypeConversionDict(ImmutableDictMixin, TypeConversionDict):
+    """Works like a :class:`TypeConversionDict` but does not support
+    modifications.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+    """
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """Return a shallow mutable copy of this object.  Keep in mind that
+        the standard library's :func:`copy` function is a no-op for this class
+        like for any other python immutable type (eg: :class:`tuple`).
+        """
+        return TypeConversionDict(self)
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        return self
+
+
+class MultiDict(TypeConversionDict):
+    """A :class:`MultiDict` is a dictionary subclass customized to deal with
+    multiple values for the same key which is for example used by the parsing
+    functions in the wrappers.  This is necessary because some HTML form
+    elements pass multiple values for the same key.
+
+    :class:`MultiDict` implements all standard dictionary methods.
+    Internally, it saves all values for a key as a list, but the standard dict
+    access methods will only return the first value for a key. If you want to
+    gain access to the other values, too, you have to use the `list` methods as
+    explained below.
+
+    Basic Usage:
+
+    >>> d = MultiDict([('a', 'b'), ('a', 'c')])
+    >>> d
+    MultiDict([('a', 'b'), ('a', 'c')])
+    >>> d['a']
+    'b'
+    >>> d.getlist('a')
+    ['b', 'c']
+    >>> 'a' in d
+    True
+
+    It behaves like a normal dict thus all dict functions will only return the
+    first value when multiple values for one key are found.
+
+    From Werkzeug 0.3 onwards, the `KeyError` raised by this class is also a
+    subclass of the :exc:`~exceptions.BadRequest` HTTP exception and will
+    render a page for a ``400 BAD REQUEST`` if caught in a catch-all for HTTP
+    exceptions.
+
+    A :class:`MultiDict` can be constructed from an iterable of
+    ``(key, value)`` tuples, a dict, a :class:`MultiDict` or from Werkzeug 0.2
+    onwards some keyword parameters.
+
+    :param mapping: the initial value for the :class:`MultiDict`.  Either a
+                    regular dict, an iterable of ``(key, value)`` tuples
+                    or `None`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, mapping=None):
+        if isinstance(mapping, MultiDict):
+            dict.__init__(self, ((k, l[:]) for k, l in mapping.lists()))
+        elif isinstance(mapping, dict):
+            tmp = {}
+            for key, value in mapping.items():
+                if isinstance(value, (tuple, list)):
+                    if len(value) == 0:
+                        continue
+                    value = list(value)
+                else:
+                    value = [value]
+                tmp[key] = value
+            dict.__init__(self, tmp)
+        else:
+            tmp = {}
+            for key, value in mapping or ():
+                tmp.setdefault(key, []).append(value)
+            dict.__init__(self, tmp)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return dict(self.lists())
+
+    def __setstate__(self, value):
+        dict.clear(self)
+        dict.update(self, value)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        # Work around https://bugs.python.org/issue43246.
+        # (`return super().__iter__()` also works here, which makes this look
+        # even more like it should be a no-op, yet it isn't.)
+        return dict.__iter__(self)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        """Return the first data value for this key;
+        raises KeyError if not found.
+
+        :param key: The key to be looked up.
+        :raise KeyError: if the key does not exist.
+        """
+
+        if key in self:
+            lst = dict.__getitem__(self, key)
+            if len(lst) > 0:
+                return lst[0]
+        raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(key)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        """Like :meth:`add` but removes an existing key first.
+
+        :param key: the key for the value.
+        :param value: the value to set.
+        """
+        dict.__setitem__(self, key, [value])
+
+    def add(self, key, value):
+        """Adds a new value for the key.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+
+        :param key: the key for the value.
+        :param value: the value to add.
+        """
+        dict.setdefault(self, key, []).append(value)
+
+    def getlist(self, key, type=None):
+        """Return the list of items for a given key. If that key is not in the
+        `MultiDict`, the return value will be an empty list.  Just like `get`,
+        `getlist` accepts a `type` parameter.  All items will be converted
+        with the callable defined there.
+
+        :param key: The key to be looked up.
+        :param type: A callable that is used to cast the value in the
+                     :class:`MultiDict`.  If a :exc:`ValueError` is raised
+                     by this callable the value will be removed from the list.
+        :return: a :class:`list` of all the values for the key.
+        """
+        try:
+            rv = dict.__getitem__(self, key)
+        except KeyError:
+            return []
+        if type is None:
+            return list(rv)
+        result = []
+        for item in rv:
+            try:
+                result.append(type(item))
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+        return result
+
+    def setlist(self, key, new_list):
+        """Remove the old values for a key and add new ones.  Note that the list
+        you pass the values in will be shallow-copied before it is inserted in
+        the dictionary.
+
+        >>> d = MultiDict()
+        >>> d.setlist('foo', ['1', '2'])
+        >>> d['foo']
+        '1'
+        >>> d.getlist('foo')
+        ['1', '2']
+
+        :param key: The key for which the values are set.
+        :param new_list: An iterable with the new values for the key.  Old values
+                         are removed first.
+        """
+        dict.__setitem__(self, key, list(new_list))
+
+    def setdefault(self, key, default=None):
+        """Returns the value for the key if it is in the dict, otherwise it
+        returns `default` and sets that value for `key`.
+
+        :param key: The key to be looked up.
+        :param default: The default value to be returned if the key is not
+                        in the dict.  If not further specified it's `None`.
+        """
+        if key not in self:
+            self[key] = default
+        else:
+            default = self[key]
+        return default
+
+    def setlistdefault(self, key, default_list=None):
+        """Like `setdefault` but sets multiple values.  The list returned
+        is not a copy, but the list that is actually used internally.  This
+        means that you can put new values into the dict by appending items
+        to the list:
+
+        >>> d = MultiDict({"foo": 1})
+        >>> d.setlistdefault("foo").extend([2, 3])
+        >>> d.getlist("foo")
+        [1, 2, 3]
+
+        :param key: The key to be looked up.
+        :param default_list: An iterable of default values.  It is either copied
+                             (in case it was a list) or converted into a list
+                             before returned.
+        :return: a :class:`list`
+        """
+        if key not in self:
+            default_list = list(default_list or ())
+            dict.__setitem__(self, key, default_list)
+        else:
+            default_list = dict.__getitem__(self, key)
+        return default_list
+
+    def items(self, multi=False):
+        """Return an iterator of ``(key, value)`` pairs.
+
+        :param multi: If set to `True` the iterator returned will have a pair
+                      for each value of each key.  Otherwise it will only
+                      contain pairs for the first value of each key.
+        """
+        for key, values in dict.items(self):
+            if multi:
+                for value in values:
+                    yield key, value
+            else:
+                yield key, values[0]
+
+    def lists(self):
+        """Return a iterator of ``(key, values)`` pairs, where values is the list
+        of all values associated with the key."""
+        for key, values in dict.items(self):
+            yield key, list(values)
+
+    def values(self):
+        """Returns an iterator of the first value on every key's value list."""
+        for values in dict.values(self):
+            yield values[0]
+
+    def listvalues(self):
+        """Return an iterator of all values associated with a key.  Zipping
+        :meth:`keys` and this is the same as calling :meth:`lists`:
+
+        >>> d = MultiDict({"foo": [1, 2, 3]})
+        >>> zip(d.keys(), d.listvalues()) == d.lists()
+        True
+        """
+        return dict.values(self)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """Return a shallow copy of this object."""
+        return self.__class__(self)
+
+    def deepcopy(self, memo=None):
+        """Return a deep copy of this object."""
+        return self.__class__(deepcopy(self.to_dict(flat=False), memo))
+
+    def to_dict(self, flat=True):
+        """Return the contents as regular dict.  If `flat` is `True` the
+        returned dict will only have the first item present, if `flat` is
+        `False` all values will be returned as lists.
+
+        :param flat: If set to `False` the dict returned will have lists
+                     with all the values in it.  Otherwise it will only
+                     contain the first value for each key.
+        :return: a :class:`dict`
+        """
+        if flat:
+            return dict(self.items())
+        return dict(self.lists())
+
+    def update(self, mapping):
+        """update() extends rather than replaces existing key lists:
+
+        >>> a = MultiDict({'x': 1})
+        >>> b = MultiDict({'x': 2, 'y': 3})
+        >>> a.update(b)
+        >>> a
+        MultiDict([('y', 3), ('x', 1), ('x', 2)])
+
+        If the value list for a key in ``other_dict`` is empty, no new values
+        will be added to the dict and the key will not be created:
+
+        >>> x = {'empty_list': []}
+        >>> y = MultiDict()
+        >>> y.update(x)
+        >>> y
+        MultiDict([])
+        """
+        for key, value in iter_multi_items(mapping):
+            MultiDict.add(self, key, value)
+
+    def pop(self, key, default=_missing):
+        """Pop the first item for a list on the dict.  Afterwards the
+        key is removed from the dict, so additional values are discarded:
+
+        >>> d = MultiDict({"foo": [1, 2, 3]})
+        >>> d.pop("foo")
+        1
+        >>> "foo" in d
+        False
+
+        :param key: the key to pop.
+        :param default: if provided the value to return if the key was
+                        not in the dictionary.
+        """
+        try:
+            lst = dict.pop(self, key)
+
+            if len(lst) == 0:
+                raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(key)
+
+            return lst[0]
+        except KeyError:
+            if default is not _missing:
+                return default
+
+            raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(key) from None
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        """Pop an item from the dict."""
+        try:
+            item = dict.popitem(self)
+
+            if len(item[1]) == 0:
+                raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(item[0])
+
+            return (item[0], item[1][0])
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(e.args[0]) from None
+
+    def poplist(self, key):
+        """Pop the list for a key from the dict.  If the key is not in the dict
+        an empty list is returned.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+           If the key does no longer exist a list is returned instead of
+           raising an error.
+        """
+        return dict.pop(self, key, [])
+
+    def popitemlist(self):
+        """Pop a ``(key, list)`` tuple from the dict."""
+        try:
+            return dict.popitem(self)
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(e.args[0]) from None
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        return self.copy()
+
+    def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
+        return self.deepcopy(memo=memo)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}({list(self.items(multi=True))!r})"
+
+
+class _omd_bucket:
+    """Wraps values in the :class:`OrderedMultiDict`.  This makes it
+    possible to keep an order over multiple different keys.  It requires
+    a lot of extra memory and slows down access a lot, but makes it
+    possible to access elements in O(1) and iterate in O(n).
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("prev", "key", "value", "next")
+
+    def __init__(self, omd, key, value):
+        self.prev = omd._last_bucket
+        self.key = key
+        self.value = value
+        self.next = None
+
+        if omd._first_bucket is None:
+            omd._first_bucket = self
+        if omd._last_bucket is not None:
+            omd._last_bucket.next = self
+        omd._last_bucket = self
+
+    def unlink(self, omd):
+        if self.prev:
+            self.prev.next = self.next
+        if self.next:
+            self.next.prev = self.prev
+        if omd._first_bucket is self:
+            omd._first_bucket = self.next
+        if omd._last_bucket is self:
+            omd._last_bucket = self.prev
+
+
+class OrderedMultiDict(MultiDict):
+    """Works like a regular :class:`MultiDict` but preserves the
+    order of the fields.  To convert the ordered multi dict into a
+    list you can use the :meth:`items` method and pass it ``multi=True``.
+
+    In general an :class:`OrderedMultiDict` is an order of magnitude
+    slower than a :class:`MultiDict`.
+
+    .. admonition:: note
+
+       Due to a limitation in Python you cannot convert an ordered
+       multi dict into a regular dict by using ``dict(multidict)``.
+       Instead you have to use the :meth:`to_dict` method, otherwise
+       the internal bucket objects are exposed.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, mapping=None):
+        dict.__init__(self)
+        self._first_bucket = self._last_bucket = None
+        if mapping is not None:
+            OrderedMultiDict.update(self, mapping)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, MultiDict):
+            return NotImplemented
+        if isinstance(other, OrderedMultiDict):
+            iter1 = iter(self.items(multi=True))
+            iter2 = iter(other.items(multi=True))
+            try:
+                for k1, v1 in iter1:
+                    k2, v2 = next(iter2)
+                    if k1 != k2 or v1 != v2:
+                        return False
+            except StopIteration:
+                return False
+            try:
+                next(iter2)
+            except StopIteration:
+                return True
+            return False
+        if len(self) != len(other):
+            return False
+        for key, values in self.lists():
+            if other.getlist(key) != values:
+                return False
+        return True
+
+    __hash__ = None
+
+    def __reduce_ex__(self, protocol):
+        return type(self), (list(self.items(multi=True)),)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return list(self.items(multi=True))
+
+    def __setstate__(self, values):
+        dict.clear(self)
+        for key, value in values:
+            self.add(key, value)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        if key in self:
+            return dict.__getitem__(self, key)[0].value
+        raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(key)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        self.poplist(key)
+        self.add(key, value)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key):
+        self.pop(key)
+
+    def keys(self):
+        return (key for key, value in self.items())
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.keys())
+
+    def values(self):
+        return (value for key, value in self.items())
+
+    def items(self, multi=False):
+        ptr = self._first_bucket
+        if multi:
+            while ptr is not None:
+                yield ptr.key, ptr.value
+                ptr = ptr.next
+        else:
+            returned_keys = set()
+            while ptr is not None:
+                if ptr.key not in returned_keys:
+                    returned_keys.add(ptr.key)
+                    yield ptr.key, ptr.value
+                ptr = ptr.next
+
+    def lists(self):
+        returned_keys = set()
+        ptr = self._first_bucket
+        while ptr is not None:
+            if ptr.key not in returned_keys:
+                yield ptr.key, self.getlist(ptr.key)
+                returned_keys.add(ptr.key)
+            ptr = ptr.next
+
+    def listvalues(self):
+        for _key, values in self.lists():
+            yield values
+
+    def add(self, key, value):
+        dict.setdefault(self, key, []).append(_omd_bucket(self, key, value))
+
+    def getlist(self, key, type=None):
+        try:
+            rv = dict.__getitem__(self, key)
+        except KeyError:
+            return []
+        if type is None:
+            return [x.value for x in rv]
+        result = []
+        for item in rv:
+            try:
+                result.append(type(item.value))
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+        return result
+
+    def setlist(self, key, new_list):
+        self.poplist(key)
+        for value in new_list:
+            self.add(key, value)
+
+    def setlistdefault(self, key, default_list=None):
+        raise TypeError("setlistdefault is unsupported for ordered multi dicts")
+
+    def update(self, mapping):
+        for key, value in iter_multi_items(mapping):
+            OrderedMultiDict.add(self, key, value)
+
+    def poplist(self, key):
+        buckets = dict.pop(self, key, ())
+        for bucket in buckets:
+            bucket.unlink(self)
+        return [x.value for x in buckets]
+
+    def pop(self, key, default=_missing):
+        try:
+            buckets = dict.pop(self, key)
+        except KeyError:
+            if default is not _missing:
+                return default
+
+            raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(key) from None
+
+        for bucket in buckets:
+            bucket.unlink(self)
+
+        return buckets[0].value
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        try:
+            key, buckets = dict.popitem(self)
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(e.args[0]) from None
+
+        for bucket in buckets:
+            bucket.unlink(self)
+
+        return key, buckets[0].value
+
+    def popitemlist(self):
+        try:
+            key, buckets = dict.popitem(self)
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(e.args[0]) from None
+
+        for bucket in buckets:
+            bucket.unlink(self)
+
+        return key, [x.value for x in buckets]
+
+
+def _options_header_vkw(value, kw):
+    return http.dump_options_header(
+        value, {k.replace("_", "-"): v for k, v in kw.items()}
+    )
+
+
+def _unicodify_header_value(value):
+    if isinstance(value, bytes):
+        value = value.decode("latin-1")
+    if not isinstance(value, str):
+        value = str(value)
+    return value
+
+
+class Headers:
+    """An object that stores some headers. It has a dict-like interface,
+    but is ordered, can store the same key multiple times, and iterating
+    yields ``(key, value)`` pairs instead of only keys.
+
+    This data structure is useful if you want a nicer way to handle WSGI
+    headers which are stored as tuples in a list.
+
+    From Werkzeug 0.3 onwards, the :exc:`KeyError` raised by this class is
+    also a subclass of the :class:`~exceptions.BadRequest` HTTP exception
+    and will render a page for a ``400 BAD REQUEST`` if caught in a
+    catch-all for HTTP exceptions.
+
+    Headers is mostly compatible with the Python :class:`wsgiref.headers.Headers`
+    class, with the exception of `__getitem__`.  :mod:`wsgiref` will return
+    `None` for ``headers['missing']``, whereas :class:`Headers` will raise
+    a :class:`KeyError`.
+
+    To create a new :class:`Headers` object pass it a list or dict of headers
+    which are used as default values.  This does not reuse the list passed
+    to the constructor for internal usage.
+
+    :param defaults: The list of default values for the :class:`Headers`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+       This data structure now stores unicode values similar to how the
+       multi dicts do it.  The main difference is that bytes can be set as
+       well which will automatically be latin1 decoded.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+       The :meth:`linked` function was removed without replacement as it
+       was an API that does not support the changes to the encoding model.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, defaults=None):
+        self._list = []
+        if defaults is not None:
+            if isinstance(defaults, (list, Headers)):
+                self._list.extend(defaults)
+            else:
+                self.extend(defaults)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key, _get_mode=False):
+        if not _get_mode:
+            if isinstance(key, int):
+                return self._list[key]
+            elif isinstance(key, slice):
+                return self.__class__(self._list[key])
+        if not isinstance(key, str):
+            raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(key)
+        ikey = key.lower()
+        for k, v in self._list:
+            if k.lower() == ikey:
+                return v
+        # micro optimization: if we are in get mode we will catch that
+        # exception one stack level down so we can raise a standard
+        # key error instead of our special one.
+        if _get_mode:
+            raise KeyError()
+        raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(key)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        def lowered(item):
+            return (item[0].lower(),) + item[1:]
+
+        return other.__class__ is self.__class__ and set(
+            map(lowered, other._list)
+        ) == set(map(lowered, self._list))
+
+    __hash__ = None
+
+    def get(self, key, default=None, type=None, as_bytes=False):
+        """Return the default value if the requested data doesn't exist.
+        If `type` is provided and is a callable it should convert the value,
+        return it or raise a :exc:`ValueError` if that is not possible.  In
+        this case the function will return the default as if the value was not
+        found:
+
+        >>> d = Headers([('Content-Length', '42')])
+        >>> d.get('Content-Length', type=int)
+        42
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+           Added support for `as_bytes`.
+
+        :param key: The key to be looked up.
+        :param default: The default value to be returned if the key can't
+                        be looked up.  If not further specified `None` is
+                        returned.
+        :param type: A callable that is used to cast the value in the
+                     :class:`Headers`.  If a :exc:`ValueError` is raised
+                     by this callable the default value is returned.
+        :param as_bytes: return bytes instead of strings.
+        """
+        try:
+            rv = self.__getitem__(key, _get_mode=True)
+        except KeyError:
+            return default
+        if as_bytes:
+            rv = rv.encode("latin1")
+        if type is None:
+            return rv
+        try:
+            return type(rv)
+        except ValueError:
+            return default
+
+    def getlist(self, key, type=None, as_bytes=False):
+        """Return the list of items for a given key. If that key is not in the
+        :class:`Headers`, the return value will be an empty list.  Just like
+        :meth:`get`, :meth:`getlist` accepts a `type` parameter.  All items will
+        be converted with the callable defined there.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+           Added support for `as_bytes`.
+
+        :param key: The key to be looked up.
+        :param type: A callable that is used to cast the value in the
+                     :class:`Headers`.  If a :exc:`ValueError` is raised
+                     by this callable the value will be removed from the list.
+        :return: a :class:`list` of all the values for the key.
+        :param as_bytes: return bytes instead of strings.
+        """
+        ikey = key.lower()
+        result = []
+        for k, v in self:
+            if k.lower() == ikey:
+                if as_bytes:
+                    v = v.encode("latin1")
+                if type is not None:
+                    try:
+                        v = type(v)
+                    except ValueError:
+                        continue
+                result.append(v)
+        return result
+
+    def get_all(self, name):
+        """Return a list of all the values for the named field.
+
+        This method is compatible with the :mod:`wsgiref`
+        :meth:`~wsgiref.headers.Headers.get_all` method.
+        """
+        return self.getlist(name)
+
+    def items(self, lower=False):
+        for key, value in self:
+            if lower:
+                key = key.lower()
+            yield key, value
+
+    def keys(self, lower=False):
+        for key, _ in self.items(lower):
+            yield key
+
+    def values(self):
+        for _, value in self.items():
+            yield value
+
+    def extend(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Extend headers in this object with items from another object
+        containing header items as well as keyword arguments.
+
+        To replace existing keys instead of extending, use
+        :meth:`update` instead.
+
+        If provided, the first argument can be another :class:`Headers`
+        object, a :class:`MultiDict`, :class:`dict`, or iterable of
+        pairs.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+            Support :class:`MultiDict`. Allow passing ``kwargs``.
+        """
+        if len(args) > 1:
+            raise TypeError(f"update expected at most 1 arguments, got {len(args)}")
+
+        if args:
+            for key, value in iter_multi_items(args[0]):
+                self.add(key, value)
+
+        for key, value in iter_multi_items(kwargs):
+            self.add(key, value)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key, _index_operation=True):
+        if _index_operation and isinstance(key, (int, slice)):
+            del self._list[key]
+            return
+        key = key.lower()
+        new = []
+        for k, v in self._list:
+            if k.lower() != key:
+                new.append((k, v))
+        self._list[:] = new
+
+    def remove(self, key):
+        """Remove a key.
+
+        :param key: The key to be removed.
+        """
+        return self.__delitem__(key, _index_operation=False)
+
+    def pop(self, key=None, default=_missing):
+        """Removes and returns a key or index.
+
+        :param key: The key to be popped.  If this is an integer the item at
+                    that position is removed, if it's a string the value for
+                    that key is.  If the key is omitted or `None` the last
+                    item is removed.
+        :return: an item.
+        """
+        if key is None:
+            return self._list.pop()
+        if isinstance(key, int):
+            return self._list.pop(key)
+        try:
+            rv = self[key]
+            self.remove(key)
+        except KeyError:
+            if default is not _missing:
+                return default
+            raise
+        return rv
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        """Removes a key or index and returns a (key, value) item."""
+        return self.pop()
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        """Check if a key is present."""
+        try:
+            self.__getitem__(key, _get_mode=True)
+        except KeyError:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def has_key(self, key):
+        """
+        .. deprecated:: 2.0
+            Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use ``key in data``
+            instead.
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'has_key' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug"
+            " 2.1. Use 'key in data' instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return key in self
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Yield ``(key, value)`` tuples."""
+        return iter(self._list)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._list)
+
+    def add(self, _key, _value, **kw):
+        """Add a new header tuple to the list.
+
+        Keyword arguments can specify additional parameters for the header
+        value, with underscores converted to dashes::
+
+        >>> d = Headers()
+        >>> d.add('Content-Type', 'text/plain')
+        >>> d.add('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='foo.png')
+
+        The keyword argument dumping uses :func:`dump_options_header`
+        behind the scenes.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.4.1
+            keyword arguments were added for :mod:`wsgiref` compatibility.
+        """
+        if kw:
+            _value = _options_header_vkw(_value, kw)
+        _key = _unicodify_header_value(_key)
+        _value = _unicodify_header_value(_value)
+        self._validate_value(_value)
+        self._list.append((_key, _value))
+
+    def _validate_value(self, value):
+        if not isinstance(value, str):
+            raise TypeError("Value should be a string.")
+        if "\n" in value or "\r" in value:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Detected newline in header value.  This is "
+                "a potential security problem"
+            )
+
+    def add_header(self, _key, _value, **_kw):
+        """Add a new header tuple to the list.
+
+        An alias for :meth:`add` for compatibility with the :mod:`wsgiref`
+        :meth:`~wsgiref.headers.Headers.add_header` method.
+        """
+        self.add(_key, _value, **_kw)
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """Clears all headers."""
+        del self._list[:]
+
+    def set(self, _key, _value, **kw):
+        """Remove all header tuples for `key` and add a new one.  The newly
+        added key either appears at the end of the list if there was no
+        entry or replaces the first one.
+
+        Keyword arguments can specify additional parameters for the header
+        value, with underscores converted to dashes.  See :meth:`add` for
+        more information.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.6.1
+           :meth:`set` now accepts the same arguments as :meth:`add`.
+
+        :param key: The key to be inserted.
+        :param value: The value to be inserted.
+        """
+        if kw:
+            _value = _options_header_vkw(_value, kw)
+        _key = _unicodify_header_value(_key)
+        _value = _unicodify_header_value(_value)
+        self._validate_value(_value)
+        if not self._list:
+            self._list.append((_key, _value))
+            return
+        listiter = iter(self._list)
+        ikey = _key.lower()
+        for idx, (old_key, _old_value) in enumerate(listiter):
+            if old_key.lower() == ikey:
+                # replace first occurrence
+                self._list[idx] = (_key, _value)
+                break
+        else:
+            self._list.append((_key, _value))
+            return
+        self._list[idx + 1 :] = [t for t in listiter if t[0].lower() != ikey]
+
+    def setlist(self, key, values):
+        """Remove any existing values for a header and add new ones.
+
+        :param key: The header key to set.
+        :param values: An iterable of values to set for the key.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+        """
+        if values:
+            values_iter = iter(values)
+            self.set(key, next(values_iter))
+
+            for value in values_iter:
+                self.add(key, value)
+        else:
+            self.remove(key)
+
+    def setdefault(self, key, default):
+        """Return the first value for the key if it is in the headers,
+        otherwise set the header to the value given by ``default`` and
+        return that.
+
+        :param key: The header key to get.
+        :param default: The value to set for the key if it is not in the
+            headers.
+        """
+        if key in self:
+            return self[key]
+
+        self.set(key, default)
+        return default
+
+    def setlistdefault(self, key, default):
+        """Return the list of values for the key if it is in the
+        headers, otherwise set the header to the list of values given
+        by ``default`` and return that.
+
+        Unlike :meth:`MultiDict.setlistdefault`, modifying the returned
+        list will not affect the headers.
+
+        :param key: The header key to get.
+        :param default: An iterable of values to set for the key if it
+            is not in the headers.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+        """
+        if key not in self:
+            self.setlist(key, default)
+
+        return self.getlist(key)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        """Like :meth:`set` but also supports index/slice based setting."""
+        if isinstance(key, (slice, int)):
+            if isinstance(key, int):
+                value = [value]
+            value = [
+                (_unicodify_header_value(k), _unicodify_header_value(v))
+                for (k, v) in value
+            ]
+            for (_, v) in value:
+                self._validate_value(v)
+            if isinstance(key, int):
+                self._list[key] = value[0]
+            else:
+                self._list[key] = value
+        else:
+            self.set(key, value)
+
+    def update(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Replace headers in this object with items from another
+        headers object and keyword arguments.
+
+        To extend existing keys instead of replacing, use :meth:`extend`
+        instead.
+
+        If provided, the first argument can be another :class:`Headers`
+        object, a :class:`MultiDict`, :class:`dict`, or iterable of
+        pairs.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+        """
+        if len(args) > 1:
+            raise TypeError(f"update expected at most 1 arguments, got {len(args)}")
+
+        if args:
+            mapping = args[0]
+
+            if isinstance(mapping, (Headers, MultiDict)):
+                for key in mapping.keys():
+                    self.setlist(key, mapping.getlist(key))
+            elif isinstance(mapping, dict):
+                for key, value in mapping.items():
+                    if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+                        self.setlist(key, value)
+                    else:
+                        self.set(key, value)
+            else:
+                for key, value in mapping:
+                    self.set(key, value)
+
+        for key, value in kwargs.items():
+            if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+                self.setlist(key, value)
+            else:
+                self.set(key, value)
+
+    def to_wsgi_list(self):
+        """Convert the headers into a list suitable for WSGI.
+
+        :return: list
+        """
+        return list(self)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        return self.__class__(self._list)
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        return self.copy()
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        """Returns formatted headers suitable for HTTP transmission."""
+        strs = []
+        for key, value in self.to_wsgi_list():
+            strs.append(f"{key}: {value}")
+        strs.append("\r\n")
+        return "\r\n".join(strs)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}({list(self)!r})"
+
+
+class ImmutableHeadersMixin:
+    """Makes a :class:`Headers` immutable.  We do not mark them as
+    hashable though since the only usecase for this datastructure
+    in Werkzeug is a view on a mutable structure.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :private:
+    """
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key, **kwargs):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def set(self, _key, _value, **kw):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def setlist(self, key, values):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def add(self, _key, _value, **kw):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def add_header(self, _key, _value, **_kw):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def remove(self, key):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def extend(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def update(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def insert(self, pos, value):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def pop(self, key=None, default=_missing):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def popitem(self):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def setdefault(self, key, default):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+    def setlistdefault(self, key, default):
+        is_immutable(self)
+
+
+class EnvironHeaders(ImmutableHeadersMixin, Headers):
+    """Read only version of the headers from a WSGI environment.  This
+    provides the same interface as `Headers` and is constructed from
+    a WSGI environment.
+
+    From Werkzeug 0.3 onwards, the `KeyError` raised by this class is also a
+    subclass of the :exc:`~exceptions.BadRequest` HTTP exception and will
+    render a page for a ``400 BAD REQUEST`` if caught in a catch-all for
+    HTTP exceptions.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, environ):
+        self.environ = environ
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self.environ is other.environ
+
+    __hash__ = None
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key, _get_mode=False):
+        # _get_mode is a no-op for this class as there is no index but
+        # used because get() calls it.
+        if not isinstance(key, str):
+            raise KeyError(key)
+        key = key.upper().replace("-", "_")
+        if key in ("CONTENT_TYPE", "CONTENT_LENGTH"):
+            return _unicodify_header_value(self.environ[key])
+        return _unicodify_header_value(self.environ[f"HTTP_{key}"])
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        # the iter is necessary because otherwise list calls our
+        # len which would call list again and so forth.
+        return len(list(iter(self)))
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for key, value in self.environ.items():
+            if key.startswith("HTTP_") and key not in (
+                "HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE",
+                "HTTP_CONTENT_LENGTH",
+            ):
+                yield (
+                    key[5:].replace("_", "-").title(),
+                    _unicodify_header_value(value),
+                )
+            elif key in ("CONTENT_TYPE", "CONTENT_LENGTH") and value:
+                yield (key.replace("_", "-").title(), _unicodify_header_value(value))
+
+    def copy(self):
+        raise TypeError(f"cannot create {type(self).__name__!r} copies")
+
+
+class CombinedMultiDict(ImmutableMultiDictMixin, MultiDict):
+    """A read only :class:`MultiDict` that you can pass multiple :class:`MultiDict`
+    instances as sequence and it will combine the return values of all wrapped
+    dicts:
+
+    >>> from werkzeug.datastructures import CombinedMultiDict, MultiDict
+    >>> post = MultiDict([('foo', 'bar')])
+    >>> get = MultiDict([('blub', 'blah')])
+    >>> combined = CombinedMultiDict([get, post])
+    >>> combined['foo']
+    'bar'
+    >>> combined['blub']
+    'blah'
+
+    This works for all read operations and will raise a `TypeError` for
+    methods that usually change data which isn't possible.
+
+    From Werkzeug 0.3 onwards, the `KeyError` raised by this class is also a
+    subclass of the :exc:`~exceptions.BadRequest` HTTP exception and will
+    render a page for a ``400 BAD REQUEST`` if caught in a catch-all for HTTP
+    exceptions.
+    """
+
+    def __reduce_ex__(self, protocol):
+        return type(self), (self.dicts,)
+
+    def __init__(self, dicts=None):
+        self.dicts = list(dicts) or []
+
+    @classmethod
+    def fromkeys(cls, keys, value=None):
+        raise TypeError(f"cannot create {cls.__name__!r} instances by fromkeys")
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        for d in self.dicts:
+            if key in d:
+                return d[key]
+        raise exceptions.BadRequestKeyError(key)
+
+    def get(self, key, default=None, type=None):
+        for d in self.dicts:
+            if key in d:
+                if type is not None:
+                    try:
+                        return type(d[key])
+                    except ValueError:
+                        continue
+                return d[key]
+        return default
+
+    def getlist(self, key, type=None):
+        rv = []
+        for d in self.dicts:
+            rv.extend(d.getlist(key, type))
+        return rv
+
+    def _keys_impl(self):
+        """This function exists so __len__ can be implemented more efficiently,
+        saving one list creation from an iterator.
+        """
+        rv = set()
+        rv.update(*self.dicts)
+        return rv
+
+    def keys(self):
+        return self._keys_impl()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.keys())
+
+    def items(self, multi=False):
+        found = set()
+        for d in self.dicts:
+            for key, value in d.items(multi):
+                if multi:
+                    yield key, value
+                elif key not in found:
+                    found.add(key)
+                    yield key, value
+
+    def values(self):
+        for _key, value in self.items():
+            yield value
+
+    def lists(self):
+        rv = {}
+        for d in self.dicts:
+            for key, values in d.lists():
+                rv.setdefault(key, []).extend(values)
+        return list(rv.items())
+
+    def listvalues(self):
+        return (x[1] for x in self.lists())
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """Return a shallow mutable copy of this object.
+
+        This returns a :class:`MultiDict` representing the data at the
+        time of copying. The copy will no longer reflect changes to the
+        wrapped dicts.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+            Return a mutable :class:`MultiDict`.
+        """
+        return MultiDict(self)
+
+    def to_dict(self, flat=True):
+        """Return the contents as regular dict.  If `flat` is `True` the
+        returned dict will only have the first item present, if `flat` is
+        `False` all values will be returned as lists.
+
+        :param flat: If set to `False` the dict returned will have lists
+                     with all the values in it.  Otherwise it will only
+                     contain the first item for each key.
+        :return: a :class:`dict`
+        """
+        if flat:
+            return dict(self.items())
+
+        return dict(self.lists())
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._keys_impl())
+
+    def __contains__(self, key):
+        for d in self.dicts:
+            if key in d:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def has_key(self, key):
+        """
+        .. deprecated:: 2.0
+            Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use ``key in data``
+            instead.
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'has_key' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug"
+            " 2.1. Use 'key in data' instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return key in self
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}({self.dicts!r})"
+
+
+class FileMultiDict(MultiDict):
+    """A special :class:`MultiDict` that has convenience methods to add
+    files to it.  This is used for :class:`EnvironBuilder` and generally
+    useful for unittesting.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+    """
+
+    def add_file(self, name, file, filename=None, content_type=None):
+        """Adds a new file to the dict.  `file` can be a file name or
+        a :class:`file`-like or a :class:`FileStorage` object.
+
+        :param name: the name of the field.
+        :param file: a filename or :class:`file`-like object
+        :param filename: an optional filename
+        :param content_type: an optional content type
+        """
+        if isinstance(file, FileStorage):
+            value = file
+        else:
+            if isinstance(file, str):
+                if filename is None:
+                    filename = file
+                file = open(file, "rb")
+            if filename and content_type is None:
+                content_type = (
+                    mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0] or "application/octet-stream"
+                )
+            value = FileStorage(file, filename, name, content_type)
+
+        self.add(name, value)
+
+
+class ImmutableDict(ImmutableDictMixin, dict):
+    """An immutable :class:`dict`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+    """
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}({dict.__repr__(self)})"
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """Return a shallow mutable copy of this object.  Keep in mind that
+        the standard library's :func:`copy` function is a no-op for this class
+        like for any other python immutable type (eg: :class:`tuple`).
+        """
+        return dict(self)
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        return self
+
+
+class ImmutableMultiDict(ImmutableMultiDictMixin, MultiDict):
+    """An immutable :class:`MultiDict`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+    """
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """Return a shallow mutable copy of this object.  Keep in mind that
+        the standard library's :func:`copy` function is a no-op for this class
+        like for any other python immutable type (eg: :class:`tuple`).
+        """
+        return MultiDict(self)
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        return self
+
+
+class ImmutableOrderedMultiDict(ImmutableMultiDictMixin, OrderedMultiDict):
+    """An immutable :class:`OrderedMultiDict`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6
+    """
+
+    def _iter_hashitems(self):
+        return enumerate(self.items(multi=True))
+
+    def copy(self):
+        """Return a shallow mutable copy of this object.  Keep in mind that
+        the standard library's :func:`copy` function is a no-op for this class
+        like for any other python immutable type (eg: :class:`tuple`).
+        """
+        return OrderedMultiDict(self)
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        return self
+
+
+class Accept(ImmutableList):
+    """An :class:`Accept` object is just a list subclass for lists of
+    ``(value, quality)`` tuples.  It is automatically sorted by specificity
+    and quality.
+
+    All :class:`Accept` objects work similar to a list but provide extra
+    functionality for working with the data.  Containment checks are
+    normalized to the rules of that header:
+
+    >>> a = CharsetAccept([('ISO-8859-1', 1), ('utf-8', 0.7)])
+    >>> a.best
+    'ISO-8859-1'
+    >>> 'iso-8859-1' in a
+    True
+    >>> 'UTF8' in a
+    True
+    >>> 'utf7' in a
+    False
+
+    To get the quality for an item you can use normal item lookup:
+
+    >>> print a['utf-8']
+    0.7
+    >>> a['utf7']
+    0
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+       :class:`Accept` objects are forced immutable now.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
+       :class:`Accept` internal values are no longer ordered
+       alphabetically for equal quality tags. Instead the initial
+       order is preserved.
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, values=()):
+        if values is None:
+            list.__init__(self)
+            self.provided = False
+        elif isinstance(values, Accept):
+            self.provided = values.provided
+            list.__init__(self, values)
+        else:
+            self.provided = True
+            values = sorted(
+                values, key=lambda x: (self._specificity(x[0]), x[1]), reverse=True
+            )
+            list.__init__(self, values)
+
+    def _specificity(self, value):
+        """Returns a tuple describing the value's specificity."""
+        return (value != "*",)
+
+    def _value_matches(self, value, item):
+        """Check if a value matches a given accept item."""
+        return item == "*" or item.lower() == value.lower()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        """Besides index lookup (getting item n) you can also pass it a string
+        to get the quality for the item.  If the item is not in the list, the
+        returned quality is ``0``.
+        """
+        if isinstance(key, str):
+            return self.quality(key)
+        return list.__getitem__(self, key)
+
+    def quality(self, key):
+        """Returns the quality of the key.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+           In previous versions you had to use the item-lookup syntax
+           (eg: ``obj[key]`` instead of ``obj.quality(key)``)
+        """
+        for item, quality in self:
+            if self._value_matches(key, item):
+                return quality
+        return 0
+
+    def __contains__(self, value):
+        for item, _quality in self:
+            if self._value_matches(value, item):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        pairs_str = ", ".join(f"({x!r}, {y})" for x, y in self)
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}([{pairs_str}])"
+
+    def index(self, key):
+        """Get the position of an entry or raise :exc:`ValueError`.
+
+        :param key: The key to be looked up.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+           This used to raise :exc:`IndexError`, which was inconsistent
+           with the list API.
+        """
+        if isinstance(key, str):
+            for idx, (item, _quality) in enumerate(self):
+                if self._value_matches(key, item):
+                    return idx
+            raise ValueError(key)
+        return list.index(self, key)
+
+    def find(self, key):
+        """Get the position of an entry or return -1.
+
+        :param key: The key to be looked up.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self.index(key)
+        except ValueError:
+            return -1
+
+    def values(self):
+        """Iterate over all values."""
+        for item in self:
+            yield item[0]
+
+    def to_header(self):
+        """Convert the header set into an HTTP header string."""
+        result = []
+        for value, quality in self:
+            if quality != 1:
+                value = f"{value};q={quality}"
+            result.append(value)
+        return ",".join(result)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.to_header()
+
+    def _best_single_match(self, match):
+        for client_item, quality in self:
+            if self._value_matches(match, client_item):
+                # self is sorted by specificity descending, we can exit
+                return client_item, quality
+        return None
+
+    def best_match(self, matches, default=None):
+        """Returns the best match from a list of possible matches based
+        on the specificity and quality of the client. If two items have the
+        same quality and specificity, the one is returned that comes first.
+
+        :param matches: a list of matches to check for
+        :param default: the value that is returned if none match
+        """
+        result = default
+        best_quality = -1
+        best_specificity = (-1,)
+        for server_item in matches:
+            match = self._best_single_match(server_item)
+            if not match:
+                continue
+            client_item, quality = match
+            specificity = self._specificity(client_item)
+            if quality <= 0 or quality < best_quality:
+                continue
+            # better quality or same quality but more specific => better match
+            if quality > best_quality or specificity > best_specificity:
+                result = server_item
+                best_quality = quality
+                best_specificity = specificity
+        return result
+
+    @property
+    def best(self):
+        """The best match as value."""
+        if self:
+            return self[0][0]
+
+
+_mime_split_re = re.compile(r"/|(?:\s*;\s*)")
+
+
+def _normalize_mime(value):
+    return _mime_split_re.split(value.lower())
+
+
+class MIMEAccept(Accept):
+    """Like :class:`Accept` but with special methods and behavior for
+    mimetypes.
+    """
+
+    def _specificity(self, value):
+        return tuple(x != "*" for x in _mime_split_re.split(value))
+
+    def _value_matches(self, value, item):
+        # item comes from the client, can't match if it's invalid.
+        if "/" not in item:
+            return False
+
+        # value comes from the application, tell the developer when it
+        # doesn't look valid.
+        if "/" not in value:
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid mimetype {value!r}")
+
+        # Split the match value into type, subtype, and a sorted list of parameters.
+        normalized_value = _normalize_mime(value)
+        value_type, value_subtype = normalized_value[:2]
+        value_params = sorted(normalized_value[2:])
+
+        # "*/*" is the only valid value that can start with "*".
+        if value_type == "*" and value_subtype != "*":
+            raise ValueError(f"invalid mimetype {value!r}")
+
+        # Split the accept item into type, subtype, and parameters.
+        normalized_item = _normalize_mime(item)
+        item_type, item_subtype = normalized_item[:2]
+        item_params = sorted(normalized_item[2:])
+
+        # "*/not-*" from the client is invalid, can't match.
+        if item_type == "*" and item_subtype != "*":
+            return False
+
+        return (
+            (item_type == "*" and item_subtype == "*")
+            or (value_type == "*" and value_subtype == "*")
+        ) or (
+            item_type == value_type
+            and (
+                item_subtype == "*"
+                or value_subtype == "*"
+                or (item_subtype == value_subtype and item_params == value_params)
+            )
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def accept_html(self):
+        """True if this object accepts HTML."""
+        return (
+            "text/html" in self or "application/xhtml+xml" in self or self.accept_xhtml
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def accept_xhtml(self):
+        """True if this object accepts XHTML."""
+        return "application/xhtml+xml" in self or "application/xml" in self
+
+    @property
+    def accept_json(self):
+        """True if this object accepts JSON."""
+        return "application/json" in self
+
+
+_locale_delim_re = re.compile(r"[_-]")
+
+
+def _normalize_lang(value):
+    """Process a language tag for matching."""
+    return _locale_delim_re.split(value.lower())
+
+
+class LanguageAccept(Accept):
+    """Like :class:`Accept` but with normalization for language tags."""
+
+    def _value_matches(self, value, item):
+        return item == "*" or _normalize_lang(value) == _normalize_lang(item)
+
+    def best_match(self, matches, default=None):
+        """Given a list of supported values, finds the best match from
+        the list of accepted values.
+
+        Language tags are normalized for the purpose of matching, but
+        are returned unchanged.
+
+        If no exact match is found, this will fall back to matching
+        the first subtag (primary language only), first with the
+        accepted values then with the match values. This partial is not
+        applied to any other language subtags.
+
+        The default is returned if no exact or fallback match is found.
+
+        :param matches: A list of supported languages to find a match.
+        :param default: The value that is returned if none match.
+        """
+        # Look for an exact match first. If a client accepts "en-US",
+        # "en-US" is a valid match at this point.
+        result = super().best_match(matches)
+
+        if result is not None:
+            return result
+
+        # Fall back to accepting primary tags. If a client accepts
+        # "en-US", "en" is a valid match at this point. Need to use
+        # re.split to account for 2 or 3 letter codes.
+        fallback = Accept(
+            [(_locale_delim_re.split(item[0], 1)[0], item[1]) for item in self]
+        )
+        result = fallback.best_match(matches)
+
+        if result is not None:
+            return result
+
+        # Fall back to matching primary tags. If the client accepts
+        # "en", "en-US" is a valid match at this point.
+        fallback_matches = [_locale_delim_re.split(item, 1)[0] for item in matches]
+        result = super().best_match(fallback_matches)
+
+        # Return a value from the original match list. Find the first
+        # original value that starts with the matched primary tag.
+        if result is not None:
+            return next(item for item in matches if item.startswith(result))
+
+        return default
+
+
+class CharsetAccept(Accept):
+    """Like :class:`Accept` but with normalization for charsets."""
+
+    def _value_matches(self, value, item):
+        def _normalize(name):
+            try:
+                return codecs.lookup(name).name
+            except LookupError:
+                return name.lower()
+
+        return item == "*" or _normalize(value) == _normalize(item)
+
+
+def cache_control_property(key, empty, type):
+    """Return a new property object for a cache header. Useful if you
+    want to add support for a cache extension in a subclass.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Renamed from ``cache_property``.
+    """
+    return property(
+        lambda x: x._get_cache_value(key, empty, type),
+        lambda x, v: x._set_cache_value(key, v, type),
+        lambda x: x._del_cache_value(key),
+        f"accessor for {key!r}",
+    )
+
+
+def cache_property(key, empty, type):
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'cache_property' is renamed to 'cache_control_property'. The"
+        " old name is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return cache_control_property(key, empty, type)
+
+
+class _CacheControl(UpdateDictMixin, dict):
+    """Subclass of a dict that stores values for a Cache-Control header.  It
+    has accessors for all the cache-control directives specified in RFC 2616.
+    The class does not differentiate between request and response directives.
+
+    Because the cache-control directives in the HTTP header use dashes the
+    python descriptors use underscores for that.
+
+    To get a header of the :class:`CacheControl` object again you can convert
+    the object into a string or call the :meth:`to_header` method.  If you plan
+    to subclass it and add your own items have a look at the sourcecode for
+    that class.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.4
+
+       Setting `no_cache` or `private` to boolean `True` will set the implicit
+       none-value which is ``*``:
+
+       >>> cc = ResponseCacheControl()
+       >>> cc.no_cache = True
+       >>> cc
+       <ResponseCacheControl 'no-cache'>
+       >>> cc.no_cache
+       '*'
+       >>> cc.no_cache = None
+       >>> cc
+       <ResponseCacheControl ''>
+
+       In versions before 0.5 the behavior documented here affected the now
+       no longer existing `CacheControl` class.
+    """
+
+    no_cache = cache_control_property("no-cache", "*", None)
+    no_store = cache_control_property("no-store", None, bool)
+    max_age = cache_control_property("max-age", -1, int)
+    no_transform = cache_control_property("no-transform", None, None)
+
+    def __init__(self, values=(), on_update=None):
+        dict.__init__(self, values or ())
+        self.on_update = on_update
+        self.provided = values is not None
+
+    def _get_cache_value(self, key, empty, type):
+        """Used internally by the accessor properties."""
+        if type is bool:
+            return key in self
+        if key in self:
+            value = self[key]
+            if value is None:
+                return empty
+            elif type is not None:
+                try:
+                    value = type(value)
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass
+            return value
+        return None
+
+    def _set_cache_value(self, key, value, type):
+        """Used internally by the accessor properties."""
+        if type is bool:
+            if value:
+                self[key] = None
+            else:
+                self.pop(key, None)
+        else:
+            if value is None:
+                self.pop(key, None)
+            elif value is True:
+                self[key] = None
+            else:
+                self[key] = value
+
+    def _del_cache_value(self, key):
+        """Used internally by the accessor properties."""
+        if key in self:
+            del self[key]
+
+    def to_header(self):
+        """Convert the stored values into a cache control header."""
+        return http.dump_header(self)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.to_header()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        kv_str = " ".join(f"{k}={v!r}" for k, v in sorted(self.items()))
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {kv_str}>"
+
+    cache_property = staticmethod(cache_control_property)
+
+
+class RequestCacheControl(ImmutableDictMixin, _CacheControl):
+    """A cache control for requests.  This is immutable and gives access
+    to all the request-relevant cache control headers.
+
+    To get a header of the :class:`RequestCacheControl` object again you can
+    convert the object into a string or call the :meth:`to_header` method.  If
+    you plan to subclass it and add your own items have a look at the sourcecode
+    for that class.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+       In previous versions a `CacheControl` class existed that was used
+       both for request and response.
+    """
+
+    max_stale = cache_control_property("max-stale", "*", int)
+    min_fresh = cache_control_property("min-fresh", "*", int)
+    only_if_cached = cache_control_property("only-if-cached", None, bool)
+
+
+class ResponseCacheControl(_CacheControl):
+    """A cache control for responses.  Unlike :class:`RequestCacheControl`
+    this is mutable and gives access to response-relevant cache control
+    headers.
+
+    To get a header of the :class:`ResponseCacheControl` object again you can
+    convert the object into a string or call the :meth:`to_header` method.  If
+    you plan to subclass it and add your own items have a look at the sourcecode
+    for that class.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+       In previous versions a `CacheControl` class existed that was used
+       both for request and response.
+    """
+
+    public = cache_control_property("public", None, bool)
+    private = cache_control_property("private", "*", None)
+    must_revalidate = cache_control_property("must-revalidate", None, bool)
+    proxy_revalidate = cache_control_property("proxy-revalidate", None, bool)
+    s_maxage = cache_control_property("s-maxage", None, None)
+    immutable = cache_control_property("immutable", None, bool)
+
+
+def csp_property(key):
+    """Return a new property object for a content security policy header.
+    Useful if you want to add support for a csp extension in a
+    subclass.
+    """
+    return property(
+        lambda x: x._get_value(key),
+        lambda x, v: x._set_value(key, v),
+        lambda x: x._del_value(key),
+        f"accessor for {key!r}",
+    )
+
+
+class ContentSecurityPolicy(UpdateDictMixin, dict):
+    """Subclass of a dict that stores values for a Content Security Policy
+    header. It has accessors for all the level 3 policies.
+
+    Because the csp directives in the HTTP header use dashes the
+    python descriptors use underscores for that.
+
+    To get a header of the :class:`ContentSecuirtyPolicy` object again
+    you can convert the object into a string or call the
+    :meth:`to_header` method.  If you plan to subclass it and add your
+    own items have a look at the sourcecode for that class.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0.0
+       Support for Content Security Policy headers was added.
+
+    """
+
+    base_uri = csp_property("base-uri")
+    child_src = csp_property("child-src")
+    connect_src = csp_property("connect-src")
+    default_src = csp_property("default-src")
+    font_src = csp_property("font-src")
+    form_action = csp_property("form-action")
+    frame_ancestors = csp_property("frame-ancestors")
+    frame_src = csp_property("frame-src")
+    img_src = csp_property("img-src")
+    manifest_src = csp_property("manifest-src")
+    media_src = csp_property("media-src")
+    navigate_to = csp_property("navigate-to")
+    object_src = csp_property("object-src")
+    prefetch_src = csp_property("prefetch-src")
+    plugin_types = csp_property("plugin-types")
+    report_to = csp_property("report-to")
+    report_uri = csp_property("report-uri")
+    sandbox = csp_property("sandbox")
+    script_src = csp_property("script-src")
+    script_src_attr = csp_property("script-src-attr")
+    script_src_elem = csp_property("script-src-elem")
+    style_src = csp_property("style-src")
+    style_src_attr = csp_property("style-src-attr")
+    style_src_elem = csp_property("style-src-elem")
+    worker_src = csp_property("worker-src")
+
+    def __init__(self, values=(), on_update=None):
+        dict.__init__(self, values or ())
+        self.on_update = on_update
+        self.provided = values is not None
+
+    def _get_value(self, key):
+        """Used internally by the accessor properties."""
+        return self.get(key)
+
+    def _set_value(self, key, value):
+        """Used internally by the accessor properties."""
+        if value is None:
+            self.pop(key, None)
+        else:
+            self[key] = value
+
+    def _del_value(self, key):
+        """Used internally by the accessor properties."""
+        if key in self:
+            del self[key]
+
+    def to_header(self):
+        """Convert the stored values into a cache control header."""
+        return http.dump_csp_header(self)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.to_header()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        kv_str = " ".join(f"{k}={v!r}" for k, v in sorted(self.items()))
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {kv_str}>"
+
+
+class CallbackDict(UpdateDictMixin, dict):
+    """A dict that calls a function passed every time something is changed.
+    The function is passed the dict instance.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, initial=None, on_update=None):
+        dict.__init__(self, initial or ())
+        self.on_update = on_update
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {dict.__repr__(self)}>"
+
+
+class HeaderSet(MutableSet):
+    """Similar to the :class:`ETags` class this implements a set-like structure.
+    Unlike :class:`ETags` this is case insensitive and used for vary, allow, and
+    content-language headers.
+
+    If not constructed using the :func:`parse_set_header` function the
+    instantiation works like this:
+
+    >>> hs = HeaderSet(['foo', 'bar', 'baz'])
+    >>> hs
+    HeaderSet(['foo', 'bar', 'baz'])
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, headers=None, on_update=None):
+        self._headers = list(headers or ())
+        self._set = {x.lower() for x in self._headers}
+        self.on_update = on_update
+
+    def add(self, header):
+        """Add a new header to the set."""
+        self.update((header,))
+
+    def remove(self, header):
+        """Remove a header from the set.  This raises an :exc:`KeyError` if the
+        header is not in the set.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+            In older versions a :exc:`IndexError` was raised instead of a
+            :exc:`KeyError` if the object was missing.
+
+        :param header: the header to be removed.
+        """
+        key = header.lower()
+        if key not in self._set:
+            raise KeyError(header)
+        self._set.remove(key)
+        for idx, key in enumerate(self._headers):
+            if key.lower() == header:
+                del self._headers[idx]
+                break
+        if self.on_update is not None:
+            self.on_update(self)
+
+    def update(self, iterable):
+        """Add all the headers from the iterable to the set.
+
+        :param iterable: updates the set with the items from the iterable.
+        """
+        inserted_any = False
+        for header in iterable:
+            key = header.lower()
+            if key not in self._set:
+                self._headers.append(header)
+                self._set.add(key)
+                inserted_any = True
+        if inserted_any and self.on_update is not None:
+            self.on_update(self)
+
+    def discard(self, header):
+        """Like :meth:`remove` but ignores errors.
+
+        :param header: the header to be discarded.
+        """
+        try:
+            self.remove(header)
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+
+    def find(self, header):
+        """Return the index of the header in the set or return -1 if not found.
+
+        :param header: the header to be looked up.
+        """
+        header = header.lower()
+        for idx, item in enumerate(self._headers):
+            if item.lower() == header:
+                return idx
+        return -1
+
+    def index(self, header):
+        """Return the index of the header in the set or raise an
+        :exc:`IndexError`.
+
+        :param header: the header to be looked up.
+        """
+        rv = self.find(header)
+        if rv < 0:
+            raise IndexError(header)
+        return rv
+
+    def clear(self):
+        """Clear the set."""
+        self._set.clear()
+        del self._headers[:]
+        if self.on_update is not None:
+            self.on_update(self)
+
+    def as_set(self, preserve_casing=False):
+        """Return the set as real python set type.  When calling this, all
+        the items are converted to lowercase and the ordering is lost.
+
+        :param preserve_casing: if set to `True` the items in the set returned
+                                will have the original case like in the
+                                :class:`HeaderSet`, otherwise they will
+                                be lowercase.
+        """
+        if preserve_casing:
+            return set(self._headers)
+        return set(self._set)
+
+    def to_header(self):
+        """Convert the header set into an HTTP header string."""
+        return ", ".join(map(http.quote_header_value, self._headers))
+
+    def __getitem__(self, idx):
+        return self._headers[idx]
+
+    def __delitem__(self, idx):
+        rv = self._headers.pop(idx)
+        self._set.remove(rv.lower())
+        if self.on_update is not None:
+            self.on_update(self)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, idx, value):
+        old = self._headers[idx]
+        self._set.remove(old.lower())
+        self._headers[idx] = value
+        self._set.add(value.lower())
+        if self.on_update is not None:
+            self.on_update(self)
+
+    def __contains__(self, header):
+        return header.lower() in self._set
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._set)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._headers)
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(self._set)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.to_header()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}({self._headers!r})"
+
+
+class ETags(Collection):
+    """A set that can be used to check if one etag is present in a collection
+    of etags.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, strong_etags=None, weak_etags=None, star_tag=False):
+        if not star_tag and strong_etags:
+            self._strong = frozenset(strong_etags)
+        else:
+            self._strong = frozenset()
+
+        self._weak = frozenset(weak_etags or ())
+        self.star_tag = star_tag
+
+    def as_set(self, include_weak=False):
+        """Convert the `ETags` object into a python set.  Per default all the
+        weak etags are not part of this set."""
+        rv = set(self._strong)
+        if include_weak:
+            rv.update(self._weak)
+        return rv
+
+    def is_weak(self, etag):
+        """Check if an etag is weak."""
+        return etag in self._weak
+
+    def is_strong(self, etag):
+        """Check if an etag is strong."""
+        return etag in self._strong
+
+    def contains_weak(self, etag):
+        """Check if an etag is part of the set including weak and strong tags."""
+        return self.is_weak(etag) or self.contains(etag)
+
+    def contains(self, etag):
+        """Check if an etag is part of the set ignoring weak tags.
+        It is also possible to use the ``in`` operator.
+        """
+        if self.star_tag:
+            return True
+        return self.is_strong(etag)
+
+    def contains_raw(self, etag):
+        """When passed a quoted tag it will check if this tag is part of the
+        set.  If the tag is weak it is checked against weak and strong tags,
+        otherwise strong only."""
+        etag, weak = http.unquote_etag(etag)
+        if weak:
+            return self.contains_weak(etag)
+        return self.contains(etag)
+
+    def to_header(self):
+        """Convert the etags set into a HTTP header string."""
+        if self.star_tag:
+            return "*"
+        return ", ".join(
+            [f'"{x}"' for x in self._strong] + [f'W/"{x}"' for x in self._weak]
+        )
+
+    def __call__(self, etag=None, data=None, include_weak=False):
+        if [etag, data].count(None) != 1:
+            raise TypeError("either tag or data required, but at least one")
+        if etag is None:
+            etag = http.generate_etag(data)
+        if include_weak:
+            if etag in self._weak:
+                return True
+        return etag in self._strong
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(self.star_tag or self._strong or self._weak)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.to_header()
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._strong)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self._strong)
+
+    def __contains__(self, etag):
+        return self.contains(etag)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {str(self)!r}>"
+
+
+class IfRange:
+    """Very simple object that represents the `If-Range` header in parsed
+    form.  It will either have neither a etag or date or one of either but
+    never both.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, etag=None, date=None):
+        #: The etag parsed and unquoted.  Ranges always operate on strong
+        #: etags so the weakness information is not necessary.
+        self.etag = etag
+        #: The date in parsed format or `None`.
+        self.date = date
+
+    def to_header(self):
+        """Converts the object back into an HTTP header."""
+        if self.date is not None:
+            return http.http_date(self.date)
+        if self.etag is not None:
+            return http.quote_etag(self.etag)
+        return ""
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.to_header()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {str(self)!r}>"
+
+
+class Range:
+    """Represents a ``Range`` header. All methods only support only
+    bytes as the unit. Stores a list of ranges if given, but the methods
+    only work if only one range is provided.
+
+    :raise ValueError: If the ranges provided are invalid.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        The ranges passed in are validated.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, units, ranges):
+        #: The units of this range.  Usually "bytes".
+        self.units = units
+        #: A list of ``(begin, end)`` tuples for the range header provided.
+        #: The ranges are non-inclusive.
+        self.ranges = ranges
+
+        for start, end in ranges:
+            if start is None or (end is not None and (start < 0 or start >= end)):
+                raise ValueError(f"{(start, end)} is not a valid range.")
+
+    def range_for_length(self, length):
+        """If the range is for bytes, the length is not None and there is
+        exactly one range and it is satisfiable it returns a ``(start, stop)``
+        tuple, otherwise `None`.
+        """
+        if self.units != "bytes" or length is None or len(self.ranges) != 1:
+            return None
+        start, end = self.ranges[0]
+        if end is None:
+            end = length
+            if start < 0:
+                start += length
+        if http.is_byte_range_valid(start, end, length):
+            return start, min(end, length)
+        return None
+
+    def make_content_range(self, length):
+        """Creates a :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ContentRange` object
+        from the current range and given content length.
+        """
+        rng = self.range_for_length(length)
+        if rng is not None:
+            return ContentRange(self.units, rng[0], rng[1], length)
+        return None
+
+    def to_header(self):
+        """Converts the object back into an HTTP header."""
+        ranges = []
+        for begin, end in self.ranges:
+            if end is None:
+                ranges.append(f"{begin}-" if begin >= 0 else str(begin))
+            else:
+                ranges.append(f"{begin}-{end - 1}")
+        return f"{self.units}={','.join(ranges)}"
+
+    def to_content_range_header(self, length):
+        """Converts the object into `Content-Range` HTTP header,
+        based on given length
+        """
+        range = self.range_for_length(length)
+        if range is not None:
+            return f"{self.units} {range[0]}-{range[1] - 1}/{length}"
+        return None
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.to_header()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {str(self)!r}>"
+
+
+def _callback_property(name):
+    def fget(self):
+        return getattr(self, name)
+
+    def fset(self, value):
+        setattr(self, name, value)
+        if self.on_update is not None:
+            self.on_update(self)
+
+    return property(fget, fset)
+
+
+class ContentRange:
+    """Represents the content range header.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, units, start, stop, length=None, on_update=None):
+        assert http.is_byte_range_valid(start, stop, length), "Bad range provided"
+        self.on_update = on_update
+        self.set(start, stop, length, units)
+
+    #: The units to use, usually "bytes"
+    units = _callback_property("_units")
+    #: The start point of the range or `None`.
+    start = _callback_property("_start")
+    #: The stop point of the range (non-inclusive) or `None`.  Can only be
+    #: `None` if also start is `None`.
+    stop = _callback_property("_stop")
+    #: The length of the range or `None`.
+    length = _callback_property("_length")
+
+    def set(self, start, stop, length=None, units="bytes"):
+        """Simple method to update the ranges."""
+        assert http.is_byte_range_valid(start, stop, length), "Bad range provided"
+        self._units = units
+        self._start = start
+        self._stop = stop
+        self._length = length
+        if self.on_update is not None:
+            self.on_update(self)
+
+    def unset(self):
+        """Sets the units to `None` which indicates that the header should
+        no longer be used.
+        """
+        self.set(None, None, units=None)
+
+    def to_header(self):
+        if self.units is None:
+            return ""
+        if self.length is None:
+            length = "*"
+        else:
+            length = self.length
+        if self.start is None:
+            return f"{self.units} */{length}"
+        return f"{self.units} {self.start}-{self.stop - 1}/{length}"
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return self.units is not None
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.to_header()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {str(self)!r}>"
+
+
+class Authorization(ImmutableDictMixin, dict):
+    """Represents an ``Authorization`` header sent by the client.
+
+    This is returned by
+    :func:`~werkzeug.http.parse_authorization_header`. It can be useful
+    to create the object manually to pass to the test
+    :class:`~werkzeug.test.Client`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+        This object became immutable.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, auth_type, data=None):
+        dict.__init__(self, data or {})
+        self.type = auth_type
+
+    @property
+    def username(self):
+        """The username transmitted.  This is set for both basic and digest
+        auth all the time.
+        """
+        return self.get("username")
+
+    @property
+    def password(self):
+        """When the authentication type is basic this is the password
+        transmitted by the client, else `None`.
+        """
+        return self.get("password")
+
+    @property
+    def realm(self):
+        """This is the server realm sent back for HTTP digest auth."""
+        return self.get("realm")
+
+    @property
+    def nonce(self):
+        """The nonce the server sent for digest auth, sent back by the client.
+        A nonce should be unique for every 401 response for HTTP digest auth.
+        """
+        return self.get("nonce")
+
+    @property
+    def uri(self):
+        """The URI from Request-URI of the Request-Line; duplicated because
+        proxies are allowed to change the Request-Line in transit.  HTTP
+        digest auth only.
+        """
+        return self.get("uri")
+
+    @property
+    def nc(self):
+        """The nonce count value transmitted by clients if a qop-header is
+        also transmitted.  HTTP digest auth only.
+        """
+        return self.get("nc")
+
+    @property
+    def cnonce(self):
+        """If the server sent a qop-header in the ``WWW-Authenticate``
+        header, the client has to provide this value for HTTP digest auth.
+        See the RFC for more details.
+        """
+        return self.get("cnonce")
+
+    @property
+    def response(self):
+        """A string of 32 hex digits computed as defined in RFC 2617, which
+        proves that the user knows a password.  Digest auth only.
+        """
+        return self.get("response")
+
+    @property
+    def opaque(self):
+        """The opaque header from the server returned unchanged by the client.
+        It is recommended that this string be base64 or hexadecimal data.
+        Digest auth only.
+        """
+        return self.get("opaque")
+
+    @property
+    def qop(self):
+        """Indicates what "quality of protection" the client has applied to
+        the message for HTTP digest auth. Note that this is a single token,
+        not a quoted list of alternatives as in WWW-Authenticate.
+        """
+        return self.get("qop")
+
+    def to_header(self):
+        """Convert to a string value for an ``Authorization`` header.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 2.0
+            Added to support passing authorization to the test client.
+        """
+        if self.type == "basic":
+            value = base64.b64encode(
+                f"{self.username}:{self.password}".encode()
+            ).decode("utf8")
+            return f"Basic {value}"
+
+        if self.type == "digest":
+            return f"Digest {http.dump_header(self)}"
+
+        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported type {self.type!r}.")
+
+
+def auth_property(name, doc=None):
+    """A static helper function for Authentication subclasses to add
+    extra authentication system properties onto a class::
+
+        class FooAuthenticate(WWWAuthenticate):
+            special_realm = auth_property('special_realm')
+
+    For more information have a look at the sourcecode to see how the
+    regular properties (:attr:`realm` etc.) are implemented.
+    """
+
+    def _set_value(self, value):
+        if value is None:
+            self.pop(name, None)
+        else:
+            self[name] = str(value)
+
+    return property(lambda x: x.get(name), _set_value, doc=doc)
+
+
+def _set_property(name, doc=None):
+    def fget(self):
+        def on_update(header_set):
+            if not header_set and name in self:
+                del self[name]
+            elif header_set:
+                self[name] = header_set.to_header()
+
+        return http.parse_set_header(self.get(name), on_update)
+
+    return property(fget, doc=doc)
+
+
+class WWWAuthenticate(UpdateDictMixin, dict):
+    """Provides simple access to `WWW-Authenticate` headers."""
+
+    #: list of keys that require quoting in the generated header
+    _require_quoting = frozenset(["domain", "nonce", "opaque", "realm", "qop"])
+
+    def __init__(self, auth_type=None, values=None, on_update=None):
+        dict.__init__(self, values or ())
+        if auth_type:
+            self["__auth_type__"] = auth_type
+        self.on_update = on_update
+
+    def set_basic(self, realm="authentication required"):
+        """Clear the auth info and enable basic auth."""
+        dict.clear(self)
+        dict.update(self, {"__auth_type__": "basic", "realm": realm})
+        if self.on_update:
+            self.on_update(self)
+
+    def set_digest(
+        self, realm, nonce, qop=("auth",), opaque=None, algorithm=None, stale=False
+    ):
+        """Clear the auth info and enable digest auth."""
+        d = {
+            "__auth_type__": "digest",
+            "realm": realm,
+            "nonce": nonce,
+            "qop": http.dump_header(qop),
+        }
+        if stale:
+            d["stale"] = "TRUE"
+        if opaque is not None:
+            d["opaque"] = opaque
+        if algorithm is not None:
+            d["algorithm"] = algorithm
+        dict.clear(self)
+        dict.update(self, d)
+        if self.on_update:
+            self.on_update(self)
+
+    def to_header(self):
+        """Convert the stored values into a WWW-Authenticate header."""
+        d = dict(self)
+        auth_type = d.pop("__auth_type__", None) or "basic"
+        kv_items = (
+            (k, http.quote_header_value(v, allow_token=k not in self._require_quoting))
+            for k, v in d.items()
+        )
+        kv_string = ", ".join([f"{k}={v}" for k, v in kv_items])
+        return f"{auth_type.title()} {kv_string}"
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.to_header()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self.to_header()!r}>"
+
+    type = auth_property(
+        "__auth_type__",
+        doc="""The type of the auth mechanism. HTTP currently specifies
+        ``Basic`` and ``Digest``.""",
+    )
+    realm = auth_property(
+        "realm",
+        doc="""A string to be displayed to users so they know which
+        username and password to use. This string should contain at
+        least the name of the host performing the authentication and
+        might additionally indicate the collection of users who might
+        have access.""",
+    )
+    domain = _set_property(
+        "domain",
+        doc="""A list of URIs that define the protection space. If a URI
+        is an absolute path, it is relative to the canonical root URL of
+        the server being accessed.""",
+    )
+    nonce = auth_property(
+        "nonce",
+        doc="""
+        A server-specified data string which should be uniquely generated
+        each time a 401 response is made. It is recommended that this
+        string be base64 or hexadecimal data.""",
+    )
+    opaque = auth_property(
+        "opaque",
+        doc="""A string of data, specified by the server, which should
+        be returned by the client unchanged in the Authorization header
+        of subsequent requests with URIs in the same protection space.
+        It is recommended that this string be base64 or hexadecimal
+        data.""",
+    )
+    algorithm = auth_property(
+        "algorithm",
+        doc="""A string indicating a pair of algorithms used to produce
+        the digest and a checksum. If this is not present it is assumed
+        to be "MD5". If the algorithm is not understood, the challenge
+        should be ignored (and a different one used, if there is more
+        than one).""",
+    )
+    qop = _set_property(
+        "qop",
+        doc="""A set of quality-of-privacy directives such as auth and
+        auth-int.""",
+    )
+
+    @property
+    def stale(self):
+        """A flag, indicating that the previous request from the client
+        was rejected because the nonce value was stale.
+        """
+        val = self.get("stale")
+        if val is not None:
+            return val.lower() == "true"
+
+    @stale.setter
+    def stale(self, value):
+        if value is None:
+            self.pop("stale", None)
+        else:
+            self["stale"] = "TRUE" if value else "FALSE"
+
+    auth_property = staticmethod(auth_property)
+
+
+class FileStorage:
+    """The :class:`FileStorage` class is a thin wrapper over incoming files.
+    It is used by the request object to represent uploaded files.  All the
+    attributes of the wrapper stream are proxied by the file storage so
+    it's possible to do ``storage.read()`` instead of the long form
+    ``storage.stream.read()``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        stream=None,
+        filename=None,
+        name=None,
+        content_type=None,
+        content_length=None,
+        headers=None,
+    ):
+        self.name = name
+        self.stream = stream or BytesIO()
+
+        # if no filename is provided we can attempt to get the filename
+        # from the stream object passed.  There we have to be careful to
+        # skip things like <fdopen>, <stderr> etc.  Python marks these
+        # special filenames with angular brackets.
+        if filename is None:
+            filename = getattr(stream, "name", None)
+            s = _make_encode_wrapper(filename)
+            if filename and filename[0] == s("<") and filename[-1] == s(">"):
+                filename = None
+
+            # Make sure the filename is not bytes. This might happen if
+            # the file was opened from the bytes API.
+            if isinstance(filename, bytes):
+                filename = filename.decode(get_filesystem_encoding(), "replace")
+
+        self.filename = filename
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = Headers()
+        self.headers = headers
+        if content_type is not None:
+            headers["Content-Type"] = content_type
+        if content_length is not None:
+            headers["Content-Length"] = str(content_length)
+
+    def _parse_content_type(self):
+        if not hasattr(self, "_parsed_content_type"):
+            self._parsed_content_type = http.parse_options_header(self.content_type)
+
+    @property
+    def content_type(self):
+        """The content-type sent in the header.  Usually not available"""
+        return self.headers.get("content-type")
+
+    @property
+    def content_length(self):
+        """The content-length sent in the header.  Usually not available"""
+        return int(self.headers.get("content-length") or 0)
+
+    @property
+    def mimetype(self):
+        """Like :attr:`content_type`, but without parameters (eg, without
+        charset, type etc.) and always lowercase.  For example if the content
+        type is ``text/HTML; charset=utf-8`` the mimetype would be
+        ``'text/html'``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        self._parse_content_type()
+        return self._parsed_content_type[0].lower()
+
+    @property
+    def mimetype_params(self):
+        """The mimetype parameters as dict.  For example if the content
+        type is ``text/html; charset=utf-8`` the params would be
+        ``{'charset': 'utf-8'}``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        self._parse_content_type()
+        return self._parsed_content_type[1]
+
+    def save(self, dst, buffer_size=16384):
+        """Save the file to a destination path or file object.  If the
+        destination is a file object you have to close it yourself after the
+        call.  The buffer size is the number of bytes held in memory during
+        the copy process.  It defaults to 16KB.
+
+        For secure file saving also have a look at :func:`secure_filename`.
+
+        :param dst: a filename, :class:`os.PathLike`, or open file
+            object to write to.
+        :param buffer_size: Passed as the ``length`` parameter of
+            :func:`shutil.copyfileobj`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+            Supports :mod:`pathlib`.
+        """
+        from shutil import copyfileobj
+
+        close_dst = False
+
+        if hasattr(dst, "__fspath__"):
+            dst = fspath(dst)
+
+        if isinstance(dst, str):
+            dst = open(dst, "wb")
+            close_dst = True
+
+        try:
+            copyfileobj(self.stream, dst, buffer_size)
+        finally:
+            if close_dst:
+                dst.close()
+
+    def close(self):
+        """Close the underlying file if possible."""
+        try:
+            self.stream.close()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        return bool(self.filename)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):
+        try:
+            return getattr(self.stream, name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            # SpooledTemporaryFile doesn't implement IOBase, get the
+            # attribute from its backing file instead.
+            # https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/3249
+            if hasattr(self.stream, "_file"):
+                return getattr(self.stream._file, name)
+            raise
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.stream)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__}: {self.filename!r} ({self.content_type!r})>"
+
+
+# circular dependencies
+from . import http
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/datastructures.pyi b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/datastructures.pyi
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1fcd4f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/datastructures.pyi
@@ -0,0 +1,912 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from os import PathLike
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Collection
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import FrozenSet
+from typing import Generic
+from typing import Hashable
+from typing import IO
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import List
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import NoReturn
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import overload
+from typing import Set
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import Type
+from typing import TypeVar
+from typing import Union
+from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+from typing_extensions import Literal
+from typing_extensions import SupportsIndex
+
+K = TypeVar("K")
+V = TypeVar("V")
+T = TypeVar("T")
+D = TypeVar("D")
+_CD = TypeVar("_CD", bound="CallbackDict")
+
+def is_immutable(self: object) -> NoReturn: ...
+def iter_multi_items(
+    mapping: Union[Mapping[K, Union[V, Iterable[V]]], Iterable[Tuple[K, V]]]
+) -> Iterator[Tuple[K, V]]: ...
+
+class ImmutableListMixin(List[V]):
+    _hash_cache: Optional[int]
+    def __hash__(self) -> int: ...  # type: ignore
+    def __delitem__(self, key: Union[SupportsIndex, slice]) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def __iadd__(self, other: t.Any) -> NoReturn: ...  # type: ignore
+    def __imul__(self, other: int) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def __setitem__(  # type: ignore
+        self, key: Union[int, slice], value: V
+    ) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def append(self, value: V) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def remove(self, value: V) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def extend(self, values: Iterable[V]) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def insert(self, pos: int, value: V) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def pop(self, index: int = -1) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def reverse(self) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def sort(
+        self, key: Optional[Callable[[V], Any]] = None, reverse: bool = False
+    ) -> NoReturn: ...
+
+class ImmutableList(ImmutableListMixin[V]): ...
+
+class ImmutableDictMixin(Dict[K, V]):
+    _hash_cache: Optional[int]
+    @classmethod
+    def fromkeys(  # type: ignore
+        cls, keys: Iterable[K], value: Optional[V] = None
+    ) -> ImmutableDictMixin[K, V]: ...
+    def _iter_hashitems(self) -> Iterable[Hashable]: ...
+    def __hash__(self) -> int: ...  # type: ignore
+    def setdefault(self, key: K, default: Optional[V] = None) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def update(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: V) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def pop(self, key: K, default: Optional[V] = None) -> NoReturn: ...  # type: ignore
+    def popitem(self) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def __setitem__(self, key: K, value: V) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def __delitem__(self, key: K) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def clear(self) -> NoReturn: ...
+
+class ImmutableMultiDictMixin(ImmutableDictMixin[K, V]):
+    def _iter_hashitems(self) -> Iterable[Hashable]: ...
+    def add(self, key: K, value: V) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def popitemlist(self) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def poplist(self, key: K) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def setlist(self, key: K, new_list: Iterable[V]) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def setlistdefault(
+        self, key: K, default_list: Optional[Iterable[V]] = None
+    ) -> NoReturn: ...
+
+def _calls_update(name: str) -> Callable[[UpdateDictMixin[K, V]], Any]: ...
+
+class UpdateDictMixin(Dict[K, V]):
+    on_update: Optional[Callable[[UpdateDictMixin[K, V]], None]]
+    def setdefault(self, key: K, default: Optional[V] = None) -> V: ...
+    @overload
+    def pop(self, key: K) -> V: ...
+    @overload
+    def pop(self, key: K, default: Union[V, T] = ...) -> Union[V, T]: ...
+    def __setitem__(self, key: K, value: V) -> None: ...
+    def __delitem__(self, key: K) -> None: ...
+    def clear(self) -> None: ...
+    def popitem(self) -> Tuple[K, V]: ...
+    def update(
+        self, *args: Union[Mapping[K, V], Iterable[Tuple[K, V]]], **kwargs: V
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class TypeConversionDict(Dict[K, V]):
+    @overload
+    def get(self, key: K, default: None = ..., type: None = ...) -> Optional[V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def get(self, key: K, default: D, type: None = ...) -> Union[D, V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def get(self, key: K, default: D, type: Callable[[V], T]) -> Union[D, T]: ...
+    @overload
+    def get(self, key: K, type: Callable[[V], T]) -> Optional[T]: ...
+
+class ImmutableTypeConversionDict(ImmutableDictMixin[K, V], TypeConversionDict[K, V]):
+    def copy(self) -> TypeConversionDict[K, V]: ...
+    def __copy__(self) -> ImmutableTypeConversionDict: ...
+
+class MultiDict(TypeConversionDict[K, V]):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        mapping: Optional[
+            Union[Mapping[K, Union[Iterable[V], V]], Iterable[Tuple[K, V]]]
+        ] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, item: K) -> V: ...
+    def __setitem__(self, key: K, value: V) -> None: ...
+    def add(self, key: K, value: V) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def getlist(self, key: K) -> List[V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def getlist(self, key: K, type: Callable[[V], T] = ...) -> List[T]: ...
+    def setlist(self, key: K, new_list: Iterable[V]) -> None: ...
+    def setdefault(self, key: K, default: Optional[V] = None) -> V: ...
+    def setlistdefault(
+        self, key: K, default_list: Optional[Iterable[V]] = None
+    ) -> List[V]: ...
+    def items(self, multi: bool = False) -> Iterator[Tuple[K, V]]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def lists(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[K, List[V]]]: ...
+    def values(self) -> Iterator[V]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def listvalues(self) -> Iterator[List[V]]: ...
+    def copy(self) -> MultiDict[K, V]: ...
+    def deepcopy(self, memo: Any = None) -> MultiDict[K, V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[K, V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def to_dict(self, flat: Literal[False]) -> Dict[K, List[V]]: ...
+    def update(  # type: ignore
+        self, mapping: Union[Mapping[K, Union[Iterable[V], V]], Iterable[Tuple[K, V]]]
+    ) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def pop(self, key: K) -> V: ...
+    @overload
+    def pop(self, key: K, default: Union[V, T] = ...) -> Union[V, T]: ...
+    def popitem(self) -> Tuple[K, V]: ...
+    def poplist(self, key: K) -> List[V]: ...
+    def popitemlist(self) -> Tuple[K, List[V]]: ...
+    def __copy__(self) -> MultiDict[K, V]: ...
+    def __deepcopy__(self, memo: Any) -> MultiDict[K, V]: ...
+
+class _omd_bucket(Generic[K, V]):
+    prev: Optional[_omd_bucket]
+    next: Optional[_omd_bucket]
+    key: K
+    value: V
+    def __init__(self, omd: OrderedMultiDict, key: K, value: V) -> None: ...
+    def unlink(self, omd: OrderedMultiDict) -> None: ...
+
+class OrderedMultiDict(MultiDict[K, V]):
+    _first_bucket: Optional[_omd_bucket]
+    _last_bucket: Optional[_omd_bucket]
+    def __init__(self, mapping: Optional[Mapping[K, V]] = None) -> None: ...
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, key: K) -> V: ...
+    def __setitem__(self, key: K, value: V) -> None: ...
+    def __delitem__(self, key: K) -> None: ...
+    def keys(self) -> Iterator[K]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[K]: ...
+    def values(self) -> Iterator[V]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def items(self, multi: bool = False) -> Iterator[Tuple[K, V]]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def lists(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[K, List[V]]]: ...
+    def listvalues(self) -> Iterator[List[V]]: ...
+    def add(self, key: K, value: V) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def getlist(self, key: K) -> List[V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def getlist(self, key: K, type: Callable[[V], T] = ...) -> List[T]: ...
+    def setlist(self, key: K, new_list: Iterable[V]) -> None: ...
+    def setlistdefault(
+        self, key: K, default_list: Optional[Iterable[V]] = None
+    ) -> List[V]: ...
+    def update(  # type: ignore
+        self, mapping: Union[Mapping[K, V], Iterable[Tuple[K, V]]]
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def poplist(self, key: K) -> List[V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def pop(self, key: K) -> V: ...
+    @overload
+    def pop(self, key: K, default: Union[V, T] = ...) -> Union[V, T]: ...
+    def popitem(self) -> Tuple[K, V]: ...
+    def popitemlist(self) -> Tuple[K, List[V]]: ...
+
+def _options_header_vkw(
+    value: str, kw: Mapping[str, Optional[Union[str, int]]]
+) -> str: ...
+def _unicodify_header_value(value: Union[str, int]) -> str: ...
+
+HV = Union[str, int]
+
+class Headers(Dict[str, str]):
+    _list: List[Tuple[str, str]]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        defaults: Optional[
+            Union[Mapping[str, Union[HV, Iterable[HV]]], Iterable[Tuple[str, HV]]]
+        ] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> str: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> Tuple[str, str]: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> Headers: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str, _get_mode: Literal[True] = ...) -> str: ...
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool: ...
+    @overload  # type: ignore
+    def get(self, key: str, default: str) -> str: ...
+    @overload
+    def get(self, key: str, default: Optional[str] = None) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @overload
+    def get(
+        self, key: str, default: Optional[T] = None, type: Callable[[str], T] = ...
+    ) -> Optional[T]: ...
+    @overload
+    def getlist(self, key: str) -> List[str]: ...
+    @overload
+    def getlist(self, key: str, type: Callable[[str], T]) -> List[T]: ...
+    def get_all(self, name: str) -> List[str]: ...
+    def items(  # type: ignore
+        self, lower: bool = False
+    ) -> Iterator[Tuple[str, str]]: ...
+    def keys(self, lower: bool = False) -> Iterator[str]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def values(self) -> Iterator[str]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def extend(
+        self,
+        *args: Union[Mapping[str, Union[HV, Iterable[HV]]], Iterable[Tuple[str, HV]]],
+        **kwargs: Union[HV, Iterable[HV]],
+    ) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def __delitem__(self, key: Union[str, int, slice]) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def __delitem__(self, key: str, _index_operation: Literal[False]) -> None: ...
+    def remove(self, key: str) -> None: ...
+    @overload  # type: ignore
+    def pop(self, key: str, default: Optional[str] = None) -> str: ...
+    @overload
+    def pop(
+        self, key: Optional[int] = None, default: Optional[Tuple[str, str]] = None
+    ) -> Tuple[str, str]: ...
+    def popitem(self) -> Tuple[str, str]: ...
+    def __contains__(self, key: str) -> bool: ...  # type: ignore
+    def has_key(self, key: str) -> bool: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[str, str]]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def add(self, _key: str, _value: HV, **kw: HV) -> None: ...
+    def _validate_value(self, value: str) -> None: ...
+    def add_header(self, _key: str, _value: HV, **_kw: HV) -> None: ...
+    def clear(self) -> None: ...
+    def set(self, _key: str, _value: HV, **kw: HV) -> None: ...
+    def setlist(self, key: str, values: Iterable[HV]) -> None: ...
+    def setdefault(self, key: str, default: HV) -> str: ...  # type: ignore
+    def setlistdefault(self, key: str, default: Iterable[HV]) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: HV) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def __setitem__(self, key: int, value: Tuple[str, HV]) -> None: ...
+    @overload
+    def __setitem__(self, key: slice, value: Iterable[Tuple[str, HV]]) -> None: ...
+    def update(
+        self,
+        *args: Union[Mapping[str, HV], Iterable[Tuple[str, HV]]],
+        **kwargs: Union[HV, Iterable[HV]],
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def to_wsgi_list(self) -> List[Tuple[str, str]]: ...
+    def copy(self) -> Headers: ...
+    def __copy__(self) -> Headers: ...
+
+class ImmutableHeadersMixin(Headers):
+    def __delitem__(self, key: Any, _index_operation: bool = True) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def __setitem__(self, key: Any, value: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def set(self, _key: Any, _value: Any, **kw: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def setlist(self, key: Any, values: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def add(self, _key: Any, _value: Any, **kw: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def add_header(self, _key: Any, _value: Any, **_kw: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def remove(self, key: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def extend(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def update(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def insert(self, pos: Any, value: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def pop(self, key: Any = None, default: Any = ...) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def popitem(self) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def setdefault(self, key: Any, default: Any) -> NoReturn: ...  # type: ignore
+    def setlistdefault(self, key: Any, default: Any) -> NoReturn: ...
+
+class EnvironHeaders(ImmutableHeadersMixin, Headers):
+    environ: WSGIEnvironment
+    def __init__(self, environ: WSGIEnvironment) -> None: ...
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool: ...
+    def __getitem__(  # type: ignore
+        self, key: str, _get_mode: Literal[False] = False
+    ) -> str: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[str, str]]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def copy(self) -> NoReturn: ...
+
+class CombinedMultiDict(ImmutableMultiDictMixin[K, V], MultiDict[K, V]):  # type: ignore
+    dicts: List[MultiDict[K, V]]
+    def __init__(self, dicts: Optional[Iterable[MultiDict[K, V]]]) -> None: ...
+    @classmethod
+    def fromkeys(cls, keys: Any, value: Any = None) -> NoReturn: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, key: K) -> V: ...
+    @overload  # type: ignore
+    def get(self, key: K) -> Optional[V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def get(self, key: K, default: Union[V, T] = ...) -> Union[V, T]: ...
+    @overload
+    def get(
+        self, key: K, default: Optional[T] = None, type: Callable[[V], T] = ...
+    ) -> Optional[T]: ...
+    @overload
+    def getlist(self, key: K) -> List[V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def getlist(self, key: K, type: Callable[[V], T] = ...) -> List[T]: ...
+    def _keys_impl(self) -> Set[K]: ...
+    def keys(self) -> Set[K]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def __iter__(self) -> Set[K]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def items(self, multi: bool = False) -> Iterator[Tuple[K, V]]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def values(self) -> Iterator[V]: ...  # type: ignore
+    def lists(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[K, List[V]]]: ...
+    def listvalues(self) -> Iterator[List[V]]: ...
+    def copy(self) -> MultiDict[K, V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[K, V]: ...
+    @overload
+    def to_dict(self, flat: Literal[False]) -> Dict[K, List[V]]: ...
+    def __contains__(self, key: K) -> bool: ...  # type: ignore
+    def has_key(self, key: K) -> bool: ...
+
+class FileMultiDict(MultiDict[str, "FileStorage"]):
+    def add_file(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        file: Union[FileStorage, str, IO[bytes]],
+        filename: Optional[str] = None,
+        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class ImmutableDict(ImmutableDictMixin[K, V], Dict[K, V]):
+    def copy(self) -> Dict[K, V]: ...
+    def __copy__(self) -> ImmutableDict[K, V]: ...
+
+class ImmutableMultiDict(  # type: ignore
+    ImmutableMultiDictMixin[K, V], MultiDict[K, V]
+):
+    def copy(self) -> MultiDict[K, V]: ...
+    def __copy__(self) -> ImmutableMultiDict[K, V]: ...
+
+class ImmutableOrderedMultiDict(  # type: ignore
+    ImmutableMultiDictMixin[K, V], OrderedMultiDict[K, V]
+):
+    def _iter_hashitems(self) -> Iterator[Tuple[int, Tuple[K, V]]]: ...
+    def copy(self) -> OrderedMultiDict[K, V]: ...
+    def __copy__(self) -> ImmutableOrderedMultiDict[K, V]: ...
+
+class Accept(ImmutableList[Tuple[str, int]]):
+    provided: bool
+    def __init__(
+        self, values: Optional[Union[Accept, Iterable[Tuple[str, float]]]] = None
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def _specificity(self, value: str) -> Tuple[bool, ...]: ...
+    def _value_matches(self, value: str, item: str) -> bool: ...
+    @overload  # type: ignore
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> int: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> Tuple[str, int]: ...
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> Iterable[Tuple[str, int]]: ...
+    def quality(self, key: str) -> int: ...
+    def __contains__(self, value: str) -> bool: ...  # type: ignore
+    def index(self, key: str) -> int: ...  # type: ignore
+    def find(self, key: str) -> int: ...
+    def values(self) -> Iterator[str]: ...
+    def to_header(self) -> str: ...
+    def _best_single_match(self, match: str) -> Optional[Tuple[str, int]]: ...
+    def best_match(
+        self, matches: Iterable[str], default: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def best(self) -> str: ...
+
+def _normalize_mime(value: str) -> List[str]: ...
+
+class MIMEAccept(Accept):
+    def _specificity(self, value: str) -> Tuple[bool, ...]: ...
+    def _value_matches(self, value: str, item: str) -> bool: ...
+    @property
+    def accept_html(self) -> bool: ...
+    @property
+    def accept_xhtml(self) -> bool: ...
+    @property
+    def accept_json(self) -> bool: ...
+
+def _normalize_lang(value: str) -> List[str]: ...
+
+class LanguageAccept(Accept):
+    def _value_matches(self, value: str, item: str) -> bool: ...
+    def best_match(
+        self, matches: Iterable[str], default: Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> Optional[str]: ...
+
+class CharsetAccept(Accept):
+    def _value_matches(self, value: str, item: str) -> bool: ...
+
+_CPT = TypeVar("_CPT", str, int, bool)
+_OptCPT = Optional[_CPT]
+
+def cache_property(key: str, empty: _OptCPT, type: Type[_CPT]) -> property: ...
+
+class _CacheControl(UpdateDictMixin[str, _OptCPT], Dict[str, _OptCPT]):
+    provided: bool
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        values: Union[Mapping[str, _OptCPT], Iterable[Tuple[str, _OptCPT]]] = (),
+        on_update: Optional[Callable[[_CacheControl], None]] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def no_cache(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+    @no_cache.setter
+    def no_cache(self, value: Optional[bool]) -> None: ...
+    @no_cache.deleter
+    def no_cache(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def no_store(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+    @no_store.setter
+    def no_store(self, value: Optional[bool]) -> None: ...
+    @no_store.deleter
+    def no_store(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def max_age(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    @max_age.setter
+    def max_age(self, value: Optional[int]) -> None: ...
+    @max_age.deleter
+    def max_age(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def no_transform(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+    @no_transform.setter
+    def no_transform(self, value: Optional[bool]) -> None: ...
+    @no_transform.deleter
+    def no_transform(self) -> None: ...
+    def _get_cache_value(self, key: str, empty: Optional[T], type: Type[T]) -> T: ...
+    def _set_cache_value(self, key: str, value: Optional[T], type: Type[T]) -> None: ...
+    def _del_cache_value(self, key: str) -> None: ...
+    def to_header(self) -> str: ...
+    @staticmethod
+    def cache_property(key: str, empty: _OptCPT, type: Type[_CPT]) -> property: ...
+
+class RequestCacheControl(ImmutableDictMixin[str, _OptCPT], _CacheControl):
+    @property
+    def max_stale(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    @max_stale.setter
+    def max_stale(self, value: Optional[int]) -> None: ...
+    @max_stale.deleter
+    def max_stale(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def min_fresh(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    @min_fresh.setter
+    def min_fresh(self, value: Optional[int]) -> None: ...
+    @min_fresh.deleter
+    def min_fresh(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def only_if_cached(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+    @only_if_cached.setter
+    def only_if_cached(self, value: Optional[bool]) -> None: ...
+    @only_if_cached.deleter
+    def only_if_cached(self) -> None: ...
+
+class ResponseCacheControl(_CacheControl):
+    @property
+    def public(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+    @public.setter
+    def public(self, value: Optional[bool]) -> None: ...
+    @public.deleter
+    def public(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def private(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+    @private.setter
+    def private(self, value: Optional[bool]) -> None: ...
+    @private.deleter
+    def private(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def must_revalidate(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+    @must_revalidate.setter
+    def must_revalidate(self, value: Optional[bool]) -> None: ...
+    @must_revalidate.deleter
+    def must_revalidate(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def proxy_revalidate(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+    @proxy_revalidate.setter
+    def proxy_revalidate(self, value: Optional[bool]) -> None: ...
+    @proxy_revalidate.deleter
+    def proxy_revalidate(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def s_maxage(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    @s_maxage.setter
+    def s_maxage(self, value: Optional[int]) -> None: ...
+    @s_maxage.deleter
+    def s_maxage(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def immutable(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+    @immutable.setter
+    def immutable(self, value: Optional[bool]) -> None: ...
+    @immutable.deleter
+    def immutable(self) -> None: ...
+
+def csp_property(key: str) -> property: ...
+
+class ContentSecurityPolicy(UpdateDictMixin[str, str], Dict[str, str]):
+    @property
+    def base_uri(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @base_uri.setter
+    def base_uri(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @base_uri.deleter
+    def base_uri(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def child_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @child_src.setter
+    def child_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @child_src.deleter
+    def child_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def connect_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @connect_src.setter
+    def connect_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @connect_src.deleter
+    def connect_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def default_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @default_src.setter
+    def default_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @default_src.deleter
+    def default_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def font_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @font_src.setter
+    def font_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @font_src.deleter
+    def font_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def form_action(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @form_action.setter
+    def form_action(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @form_action.deleter
+    def form_action(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def frame_ancestors(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @frame_ancestors.setter
+    def frame_ancestors(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @frame_ancestors.deleter
+    def frame_ancestors(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def frame_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @frame_src.setter
+    def frame_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @frame_src.deleter
+    def frame_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def img_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @img_src.setter
+    def img_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @img_src.deleter
+    def img_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def manifest_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @manifest_src.setter
+    def manifest_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @manifest_src.deleter
+    def manifest_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def media_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @media_src.setter
+    def media_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @media_src.deleter
+    def media_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def navigate_to(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @navigate_to.setter
+    def navigate_to(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @navigate_to.deleter
+    def navigate_to(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def object_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @object_src.setter
+    def object_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @object_src.deleter
+    def object_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def prefetch_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @prefetch_src.setter
+    def prefetch_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @prefetch_src.deleter
+    def prefetch_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def plugin_types(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @plugin_types.setter
+    def plugin_types(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @plugin_types.deleter
+    def plugin_types(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def report_to(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @report_to.setter
+    def report_to(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @report_to.deleter
+    def report_to(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def report_uri(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @report_uri.setter
+    def report_uri(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @report_uri.deleter
+    def report_uri(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def sandbox(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @sandbox.setter
+    def sandbox(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @sandbox.deleter
+    def sandbox(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def script_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @script_src.setter
+    def script_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @script_src.deleter
+    def script_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def script_src_attr(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @script_src_attr.setter
+    def script_src_attr(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @script_src_attr.deleter
+    def script_src_attr(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def script_src_elem(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @script_src_elem.setter
+    def script_src_elem(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @script_src_elem.deleter
+    def script_src_elem(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def style_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @style_src.setter
+    def style_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @style_src.deleter
+    def style_src(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def style_src_attr(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @style_src_attr.setter
+    def style_src_attr(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @style_src_attr.deleter
+    def style_src_attr(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def style_src_elem(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @style_src_elem.setter
+    def style_src_elem(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @style_src_elem.deleter
+    def style_src_elem(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def worker_src(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @worker_src.setter
+    def worker_src(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @worker_src.deleter
+    def worker_src(self) -> None: ...
+    provided: bool
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        values: Union[Mapping[str, str], Iterable[Tuple[str, str]]] = (),
+        on_update: Optional[Callable[[ContentSecurityPolicy], None]] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def _get_value(self, key: str) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def _set_value(self, key: str, value: str) -> None: ...
+    def _del_value(self, key: str) -> None: ...
+    def to_header(self) -> str: ...
+
+class CallbackDict(UpdateDictMixin[K, V], Dict[K, V]):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        initial: Optional[Union[Mapping[K, V], Iterable[Tuple[K, V]]]] = None,
+        on_update: Optional[Callable[[_CD], None]] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+class HeaderSet(Set[str]):
+    _headers: List[str]
+    _set: Set[str]
+    on_update: Optional[Callable[[HeaderSet], None]]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        headers: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+        on_update: Optional[Callable[[HeaderSet], None]] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def add(self, header: str) -> None: ...
+    def remove(self, header: str) -> None: ...
+    def update(self, iterable: Iterable[str]) -> None: ...  # type: ignore
+    def discard(self, header: str) -> None: ...
+    def find(self, header: str) -> int: ...
+    def index(self, header: str) -> int: ...
+    def clear(self) -> None: ...
+    def as_set(self, preserve_casing: bool = False) -> Set[str]: ...
+    def to_header(self) -> str: ...
+    def __getitem__(self, idx: int) -> str: ...
+    def __delitem__(self, idx: int) -> None: ...
+    def __setitem__(self, idx: int, value: str) -> None: ...
+    def __contains__(self, header: str) -> bool: ...  # type: ignore
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]: ...
+
+class ETags(Collection[str]):
+    _strong: FrozenSet[str]
+    _weak: FrozenSet[str]
+    star_tag: bool
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        strong_etags: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+        weak_etags: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
+        star_tag: bool = False,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def as_set(self, include_weak: bool = False) -> Set[str]: ...
+    def is_weak(self, etag: str) -> bool: ...
+    def is_strong(self, etag: str) -> bool: ...
+    def contains_weak(self, etag: str) -> bool: ...
+    def contains(self, etag: str) -> bool: ...
+    def contains_raw(self, etag: str) -> bool: ...
+    def to_header(self) -> str: ...
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        etag: Optional[str] = None,
+        data: Optional[bytes] = None,
+        include_weak: bool = False,
+    ) -> bool: ...
+    def __len__(self) -> int: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]: ...
+    def __contains__(self, item: str) -> bool: ...  # type: ignore
+
+class IfRange:
+    etag: Optional[str]
+    date: Optional[datetime]
+    def __init__(
+        self, etag: Optional[str] = None, date: Optional[datetime] = None
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def to_header(self) -> str: ...
+
+class Range:
+    units: str
+    ranges: List[Tuple[int, Optional[int]]]
+    def __init__(self, units: str, ranges: List[Tuple[int, Optional[int]]]) -> None: ...
+    def range_for_length(self, length: Optional[int]) -> Optional[Tuple[int, int]]: ...
+    def make_content_range(self, length: Optional[int]) -> Optional[ContentRange]: ...
+    def to_header(self) -> str: ...
+    def to_content_range_header(self, length: Optional[int]) -> Optional[str]: ...
+
+def _callback_property(name: str) -> property: ...
+
+class ContentRange:
+    on_update: Optional[Callable[[ContentRange], None]]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        units: Optional[str],
+        start: Optional[int],
+        stop: Optional[int],
+        length: Optional[int] = None,
+        on_update: Optional[Callable[[ContentRange], None]] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def units(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @units.setter
+    def units(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def start(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    @start.setter
+    def start(self, value: Optional[int]) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def stop(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    @stop.setter
+    def stop(self, value: Optional[int]) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def length(self) -> Optional[int]: ...
+    @length.setter
+    def length(self, value: Optional[int]) -> None: ...
+    def set(
+        self,
+        start: Optional[int],
+        stop: Optional[int],
+        length: Optional[int] = None,
+        units: Optional[str] = "bytes",
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def unset(self) -> None: ...
+    def to_header(self) -> str: ...
+
+class Authorization(ImmutableDictMixin[str, str], Dict[str, str]):
+    type: str
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        auth_type: str,
+        data: Optional[Union[Mapping[str, str], Iterable[Tuple[str, str]]]] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def username(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def password(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def realm(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def nonce(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def uri(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def nc(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def cnonce(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def response(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def opaque(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @property
+    def qop(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    def to_header(self) -> str: ...
+
+def auth_property(name: str, doc: Optional[str] = None) -> property: ...
+def _set_property(name: str, doc: Optional[str] = None) -> property: ...
+
+class WWWAuthenticate(UpdateDictMixin[str, str], Dict[str, str]):
+    _require_quoting: FrozenSet[str]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        auth_type: Optional[str] = None,
+        values: Optional[Union[Mapping[str, str], Iterable[Tuple[str, str]]]] = None,
+        on_update: Optional[Callable[[WWWAuthenticate], None]] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def set_basic(self, realm: str = ...) -> None: ...
+    def set_digest(
+        self,
+        realm: str,
+        nonce: str,
+        qop: Iterable[str] = ("auth",),
+        opaque: Optional[str] = None,
+        algorithm: Optional[str] = None,
+        stale: bool = False,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def to_header(self) -> str: ...
+    @property
+    def type(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @type.setter
+    def type(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def realm(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @realm.setter
+    def realm(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def domain(self) -> HeaderSet: ...
+    @property
+    def nonce(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @nonce.setter
+    def nonce(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def opaque(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @opaque.setter
+    def opaque(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def algorithm(self) -> Optional[str]: ...
+    @algorithm.setter
+    def algorithm(self, value: Optional[str]) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def qop(self) -> HeaderSet: ...
+    @property
+    def stale(self) -> Optional[bool]: ...
+    @stale.setter
+    def stale(self, value: Optional[bool]) -> None: ...
+    @staticmethod
+    def auth_property(name: str, doc: Optional[str] = None) -> property: ...
+
+class FileStorage:
+    name: Optional[str]
+    stream: IO[bytes]
+    filename: Optional[str]
+    headers: Headers
+    _parsed_content_type: Tuple[str, Dict[str, str]]
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        stream: Optional[IO[bytes]] = None,
+        filename: Optional[str] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        content_type: Optional[str] = None,
+        content_length: Optional[int] = None,
+        headers: Optional[Headers] = None,
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def _parse_content_type(self) -> None: ...
+    @property
+    def content_type(self) -> str: ...
+    @property
+    def content_length(self) -> int: ...
+    @property
+    def mimetype(self) -> str: ...
+    @property
+    def mimetype_params(self) -> Dict[str, str]: ...
+    def save(
+        self, dst: Union[str, PathLike, IO[bytes]], buffer_size: int = ...
+    ) -> None: ...
+    def close(self) -> None: ...
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool: ...
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Any: ...
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[bytes]: ...
+    def __repr__(self) -> str: ...
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d471c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,502 @@
+import getpass
+import hashlib
+import json
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import pkgutil
+import re
+import sys
+import time
+import typing as t
+import uuid
+from itertools import chain
+from os.path import basename
+from os.path import join
+
+from .._internal import _log
+from ..http import parse_cookie
+from ..security import gen_salt
+from ..wrappers.request import Request
+from ..wrappers.response import Response
+from .console import Console
+from .tbtools import Frame
+from .tbtools import get_current_traceback
+from .tbtools import render_console_html
+from .tbtools import Traceback
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+# A week
+PIN_TIME = 60 * 60 * 24 * 7
+
+
+def hash_pin(pin: str) -> str:
+    return hashlib.sha1(f"{pin} added salt".encode("utf-8", "replace")).hexdigest()[:12]
+
+
+_machine_id: t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes]] = None
+
+
+def get_machine_id() -> t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes]]:
+    global _machine_id
+
+    if _machine_id is not None:
+        return _machine_id
+
+    def _generate() -> t.Optional[t.Union[str, bytes]]:
+        linux = b""
+
+        # machine-id is stable across boots, boot_id is not.
+        for filename in "/etc/machine-id", "/proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id":
+            try:
+                with open(filename, "rb") as f:
+                    value = f.readline().strip()
+            except OSError:
+                continue
+
+            if value:
+                linux += value
+                break
+
+        # Containers share the same machine id, add some cgroup
+        # information. This is used outside containers too but should be
+        # relatively stable across boots.
+        try:
+            with open("/proc/self/cgroup", "rb") as f:
+                linux += f.readline().strip().rpartition(b"/")[2]
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+        if linux:
+            return linux
+
+        # On OS X, use ioreg to get the computer's serial number.
+        try:
+            # subprocess may not be available, e.g. Google App Engine
+            # https://github.com/pallets/werkzeug/issues/925
+            from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
+
+            dump = Popen(
+                ["ioreg", "-c", "IOPlatformExpertDevice", "-d", "2"], stdout=PIPE
+            ).communicate()[0]
+            match = re.search(b'"serial-number" = <([^>]+)', dump)
+
+            if match is not None:
+                return match.group(1)
+        except (OSError, ImportError):
+            pass
+
+        # On Windows, use winreg to get the machine guid.
+        try:
+            import winreg
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            try:
+                with winreg.OpenKey(
+                    winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
+                    "SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Cryptography",
+                    0,
+                    winreg.KEY_READ | winreg.KEY_WOW64_64KEY,
+                ) as rk:
+                    guid: t.Union[str, bytes]
+                    guid_type: int
+                    guid, guid_type = winreg.QueryValueEx(rk, "MachineGuid")
+
+                    if guid_type == winreg.REG_SZ:
+                        return guid.encode("utf-8")  # type: ignore
+
+                    return guid
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+
+        return None
+
+    _machine_id = _generate()
+    return _machine_id
+
+
+class _ConsoleFrame:
+    """Helper class so that we can reuse the frame console code for the
+    standalone console.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, namespace: t.Dict[str, t.Any]):
+        self.console = Console(namespace)
+        self.id = 0
+
+
+def get_pin_and_cookie_name(
+    app: "WSGIApplication",
+) -> t.Union[t.Tuple[str, str], t.Tuple[None, None]]:
+    """Given an application object this returns a semi-stable 9 digit pin
+    code and a random key.  The hope is that this is stable between
+    restarts to not make debugging particularly frustrating.  If the pin
+    was forcefully disabled this returns `None`.
+
+    Second item in the resulting tuple is the cookie name for remembering.
+    """
+    pin = os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_DEBUG_PIN")
+    rv = None
+    num = None
+
+    # Pin was explicitly disabled
+    if pin == "off":
+        return None, None
+
+    # Pin was provided explicitly
+    if pin is not None and pin.replace("-", "").isdigit():
+        # If there are separators in the pin, return it directly
+        if "-" in pin:
+            rv = pin
+        else:
+            num = pin
+
+    modname = getattr(app, "__module__", t.cast(object, app).__class__.__module__)
+    username: t.Optional[str]
+
+    try:
+        # getuser imports the pwd module, which does not exist in Google
+        # App Engine. It may also raise a KeyError if the UID does not
+        # have a username, such as in Docker.
+        username = getpass.getuser()
+    except (ImportError, KeyError):
+        username = None
+
+    mod = sys.modules.get(modname)
+
+    # This information only exists to make the cookie unique on the
+    # computer, not as a security feature.
+    probably_public_bits = [
+        username,
+        modname,
+        getattr(app, "__name__", type(app).__name__),
+        getattr(mod, "__file__", None),
+    ]
+
+    # This information is here to make it harder for an attacker to
+    # guess the cookie name.  They are unlikely to be contained anywhere
+    # within the unauthenticated debug page.
+    private_bits = [str(uuid.getnode()), get_machine_id()]
+
+    h = hashlib.sha1()
+    for bit in chain(probably_public_bits, private_bits):
+        if not bit:
+            continue
+        if isinstance(bit, str):
+            bit = bit.encode("utf-8")
+        h.update(bit)
+    h.update(b"cookiesalt")
+
+    cookie_name = f"__wzd{h.hexdigest()[:20]}"
+
+    # If we need to generate a pin we salt it a bit more so that we don't
+    # end up with the same value and generate out 9 digits
+    if num is None:
+        h.update(b"pinsalt")
+        num = f"{int(h.hexdigest(), 16):09d}"[:9]
+
+    # Format the pincode in groups of digits for easier remembering if
+    # we don't have a result yet.
+    if rv is None:
+        for group_size in 5, 4, 3:
+            if len(num) % group_size == 0:
+                rv = "-".join(
+                    num[x : x + group_size].rjust(group_size, "0")
+                    for x in range(0, len(num), group_size)
+                )
+                break
+        else:
+            rv = num
+
+    return rv, cookie_name
+
+
+class DebuggedApplication:
+    """Enables debugging support for a given application::
+
+        from werkzeug.debug import DebuggedApplication
+        from myapp import app
+        app = DebuggedApplication(app, evalex=True)
+
+    The `evalex` keyword argument allows evaluating expressions in a
+    traceback's frame context.
+
+    :param app: the WSGI application to run debugged.
+    :param evalex: enable exception evaluation feature (interactive
+                   debugging).  This requires a non-forking server.
+    :param request_key: The key that points to the request object in ths
+                        environment.  This parameter is ignored in current
+                        versions.
+    :param console_path: the URL for a general purpose console.
+    :param console_init_func: the function that is executed before starting
+                              the general purpose console.  The return value
+                              is used as initial namespace.
+    :param show_hidden_frames: by default hidden traceback frames are skipped.
+                               You can show them by setting this parameter
+                               to `True`.
+    :param pin_security: can be used to disable the pin based security system.
+    :param pin_logging: enables the logging of the pin system.
+    """
+
+    _pin: str
+    _pin_cookie: str
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: "WSGIApplication",
+        evalex: bool = False,
+        request_key: str = "werkzeug.request",
+        console_path: str = "/console",
+        console_init_func: t.Optional[t.Callable[[], t.Dict[str, t.Any]]] = None,
+        show_hidden_frames: bool = False,
+        pin_security: bool = True,
+        pin_logging: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not console_init_func:
+            console_init_func = None
+        self.app = app
+        self.evalex = evalex
+        self.frames: t.Dict[int, t.Union[Frame, _ConsoleFrame]] = {}
+        self.tracebacks: t.Dict[int, Traceback] = {}
+        self.request_key = request_key
+        self.console_path = console_path
+        self.console_init_func = console_init_func
+        self.show_hidden_frames = show_hidden_frames
+        self.secret = gen_salt(20)
+        self._failed_pin_auth = 0
+
+        self.pin_logging = pin_logging
+        if pin_security:
+            # Print out the pin for the debugger on standard out.
+            if os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") == "true" and pin_logging:
+                _log("warning", " * Debugger is active!")
+                if self.pin is None:
+                    _log("warning", " * Debugger PIN disabled. DEBUGGER UNSECURED!")
+                else:
+                    _log("info", " * Debugger PIN: %s", self.pin)
+        else:
+            self.pin = None
+
+    @property
+    def pin(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_pin"):
+            pin_cookie = get_pin_and_cookie_name(self.app)
+            self._pin, self._pin_cookie = pin_cookie  # type: ignore
+        return self._pin
+
+    @pin.setter
+    def pin(self, value: str) -> None:
+        self._pin = value
+
+    @property
+    def pin_cookie_name(self) -> str:
+        """The name of the pin cookie."""
+        if not hasattr(self, "_pin_cookie"):
+            pin_cookie = get_pin_and_cookie_name(self.app)
+            self._pin, self._pin_cookie = pin_cookie  # type: ignore
+        return self._pin_cookie
+
+    def debug_application(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+    ) -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+        """Run the application and conserve the traceback frames."""
+        app_iter = None
+        try:
+            app_iter = self.app(environ, start_response)
+            yield from app_iter
+            if hasattr(app_iter, "close"):
+                app_iter.close()  # type: ignore
+        except Exception:
+            if hasattr(app_iter, "close"):
+                app_iter.close()  # type: ignore
+            traceback = get_current_traceback(
+                skip=1,
+                show_hidden_frames=self.show_hidden_frames,
+                ignore_system_exceptions=True,
+            )
+            for frame in traceback.frames:
+                self.frames[frame.id] = frame
+            self.tracebacks[traceback.id] = traceback
+
+            try:
+                start_response(
+                    "500 INTERNAL SERVER ERROR",
+                    [
+                        ("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8"),
+                        # Disable Chrome's XSS protection, the debug
+                        # output can cause false-positives.
+                        ("X-XSS-Protection", "0"),
+                    ],
+                )
+            except Exception:
+                # if we end up here there has been output but an error
+                # occurred.  in that situation we can do nothing fancy any
+                # more, better log something into the error log and fall
+                # back gracefully.
+                environ["wsgi.errors"].write(
+                    "Debugging middleware caught exception in streamed "
+                    "response at a point where response headers were already "
+                    "sent.\n"
+                )
+            else:
+                is_trusted = bool(self.check_pin_trust(environ))
+                yield traceback.render_full(
+                    evalex=self.evalex, evalex_trusted=is_trusted, secret=self.secret
+                ).encode("utf-8", "replace")
+
+            traceback.log(environ["wsgi.errors"])
+
+    def execute_command(
+        self, request: Request, command: str, frame: t.Union[Frame, _ConsoleFrame]
+    ) -> Response:
+        """Execute a command in a console."""
+        return Response(frame.console.eval(command), mimetype="text/html")
+
+    def display_console(self, request: Request) -> Response:
+        """Display a standalone shell."""
+        if 0 not in self.frames:
+            if self.console_init_func is None:
+                ns = {}
+            else:
+                ns = dict(self.console_init_func())
+            ns.setdefault("app", self.app)
+            self.frames[0] = _ConsoleFrame(ns)
+        is_trusted = bool(self.check_pin_trust(request.environ))
+        return Response(
+            render_console_html(secret=self.secret, evalex_trusted=is_trusted),
+            mimetype="text/html",
+        )
+
+    def get_resource(self, request: Request, filename: str) -> Response:
+        """Return a static resource from the shared folder."""
+        filename = join("shared", basename(filename))
+        try:
+            data = pkgutil.get_data(__package__, filename)
+        except OSError:
+            data = None
+        if data is not None:
+            mimetype = mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0] or "application/octet-stream"
+            return Response(data, mimetype=mimetype)
+        return Response("Not Found", status=404)
+
+    def check_pin_trust(self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment") -> t.Optional[bool]:
+        """Checks if the request passed the pin test.  This returns `True` if the
+        request is trusted on a pin/cookie basis and returns `False` if not.
+        Additionally if the cookie's stored pin hash is wrong it will return
+        `None` so that appropriate action can be taken.
+        """
+        if self.pin is None:
+            return True
+        val = parse_cookie(environ).get(self.pin_cookie_name)
+        if not val or "|" not in val:
+            return False
+        ts, pin_hash = val.split("|", 1)
+        if not ts.isdigit():
+            return False
+        if pin_hash != hash_pin(self.pin):
+            return None
+        return (time.time() - PIN_TIME) < int(ts)
+
+    def _fail_pin_auth(self) -> None:
+        time.sleep(5.0 if self._failed_pin_auth > 5 else 0.5)
+        self._failed_pin_auth += 1
+
+    def pin_auth(self, request: Request) -> Response:
+        """Authenticates with the pin."""
+        exhausted = False
+        auth = False
+        trust = self.check_pin_trust(request.environ)
+        pin = t.cast(str, self.pin)
+
+        # If the trust return value is `None` it means that the cookie is
+        # set but the stored pin hash value is bad.  This means that the
+        # pin was changed.  In this case we count a bad auth and unset the
+        # cookie.  This way it becomes harder to guess the cookie name
+        # instead of the pin as we still count up failures.
+        bad_cookie = False
+        if trust is None:
+            self._fail_pin_auth()
+            bad_cookie = True
+
+        # If we're trusted, we're authenticated.
+        elif trust:
+            auth = True
+
+        # If we failed too many times, then we're locked out.
+        elif self._failed_pin_auth > 10:
+            exhausted = True
+
+        # Otherwise go through pin based authentication
+        else:
+            entered_pin = request.args["pin"]
+
+            if entered_pin.strip().replace("-", "") == pin.replace("-", ""):
+                self._failed_pin_auth = 0
+                auth = True
+            else:
+                self._fail_pin_auth()
+
+        rv = Response(
+            json.dumps({"auth": auth, "exhausted": exhausted}),
+            mimetype="application/json",
+        )
+        if auth:
+            rv.set_cookie(
+                self.pin_cookie_name,
+                f"{int(time.time())}|{hash_pin(pin)}",
+                httponly=True,
+                samesite="Strict",
+                secure=request.is_secure,
+            )
+        elif bad_cookie:
+            rv.delete_cookie(self.pin_cookie_name)
+        return rv
+
+    def log_pin_request(self) -> Response:
+        """Log the pin if needed."""
+        if self.pin_logging and self.pin is not None:
+            _log(
+                "info", " * To enable the debugger you need to enter the security pin:"
+            )
+            _log("info", " * Debugger pin code: %s", self.pin)
+        return Response("")
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+    ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        """Dispatch the requests."""
+        # important: don't ever access a function here that reads the incoming
+        # form data!  Otherwise the application won't have access to that data
+        # any more!
+        request = Request(environ)
+        response = self.debug_application
+        if request.args.get("__debugger__") == "yes":
+            cmd = request.args.get("cmd")
+            arg = request.args.get("f")
+            secret = request.args.get("s")
+            frame = self.frames.get(request.args.get("frm", type=int))  # type: ignore
+            if cmd == "resource" and arg:
+                response = self.get_resource(request, arg)  # type: ignore
+            elif cmd == "pinauth" and secret == self.secret:
+                response = self.pin_auth(request)  # type: ignore
+            elif cmd == "printpin" and secret == self.secret:
+                response = self.log_pin_request()  # type: ignore
+            elif (
+                self.evalex
+                and cmd is not None
+                and frame is not None
+                and self.secret == secret
+                and self.check_pin_trust(environ)
+            ):
+                response = self.execute_command(request, cmd, frame)  # type: ignore
+        elif (
+            self.evalex
+            and self.console_path is not None
+            and request.path == self.console_path
+        ):
+            response = self.display_console(request)  # type: ignore
+        return response(environ, start_response)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/__pycache__/tbtools.cpython-37.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/__pycache__/tbtools.cpython-37.pyc
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/console.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/console.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da78660
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/console.py
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+import code
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from html import escape
+from types import CodeType
+
+from ..local import Local
+from .repr import debug_repr
+from .repr import dump
+from .repr import helper
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import codeop  # noqa: F401
+
+_local = Local()
+
+
+class HTMLStringO:
+    """A StringO version that HTML escapes on write."""
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._buffer: t.List[str] = []
+
+    def isatty(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def flush(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def seek(self, n: int, mode: int = 0) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def readline(self) -> str:
+        if len(self._buffer) == 0:
+            return ""
+        ret = self._buffer[0]
+        del self._buffer[0]
+        return ret
+
+    def reset(self) -> str:
+        val = "".join(self._buffer)
+        del self._buffer[:]
+        return val
+
+    def _write(self, x: str) -> None:
+        if isinstance(x, bytes):
+            x = x.decode("utf-8", "replace")
+        self._buffer.append(x)
+
+    def write(self, x: str) -> None:
+        self._write(escape(x))
+
+    def writelines(self, x: t.Iterable[str]) -> None:
+        self._write(escape("".join(x)))
+
+
+class ThreadedStream:
+    """Thread-local wrapper for sys.stdout for the interactive console."""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def push() -> None:
+        if not isinstance(sys.stdout, ThreadedStream):
+            sys.stdout = t.cast(t.TextIO, ThreadedStream())
+        _local.stream = HTMLStringO()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def fetch() -> str:
+        try:
+            stream = _local.stream
+        except AttributeError:
+            return ""
+        return stream.reset()  # type: ignore
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def displayhook(obj: object) -> None:
+        try:
+            stream = _local.stream
+        except AttributeError:
+            return _displayhook(obj)  # type: ignore
+        # stream._write bypasses escaping as debug_repr is
+        # already generating HTML for us.
+        if obj is not None:
+            _local._current_ipy.locals["_"] = obj
+            stream._write(debug_repr(obj))
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: t.Any) -> None:
+        raise AttributeError(f"read only attribute {name}")
+
+    def __dir__(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        return dir(sys.__stdout__)
+
+    def __getattribute__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        try:
+            stream = _local.stream
+        except AttributeError:
+            stream = sys.__stdout__
+        return getattr(stream, name)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return repr(sys.__stdout__)
+
+
+# add the threaded stream as display hook
+_displayhook = sys.displayhook
+sys.displayhook = ThreadedStream.displayhook
+
+
+class _ConsoleLoader:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._storage: t.Dict[int, str] = {}
+
+    def register(self, code: CodeType, source: str) -> None:
+        self._storage[id(code)] = source
+        # register code objects of wrapped functions too.
+        for var in code.co_consts:
+            if isinstance(var, CodeType):
+                self._storage[id(var)] = source
+
+    def get_source_by_code(self, code: CodeType) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        try:
+            return self._storage[id(code)]
+        except KeyError:
+            return None
+
+
+class _InteractiveConsole(code.InteractiveInterpreter):
+    locals: t.Dict[str, t.Any]
+
+    def __init__(self, globals: t.Dict[str, t.Any], locals: t.Dict[str, t.Any]) -> None:
+        self.loader = _ConsoleLoader()
+        locals = {
+            **globals,
+            **locals,
+            "dump": dump,
+            "help": helper,
+            "__loader__": self.loader,
+        }
+        super().__init__(locals)
+        original_compile = self.compile
+
+        def compile(source: str, filename: str, symbol: str) -> CodeType:
+            code = original_compile(source, filename, symbol)
+            self.loader.register(code, source)
+            return code
+
+        self.compile = compile
+        self.more = False
+        self.buffer: t.List[str] = []
+
+    def runsource(self, source: str, **kwargs: t.Any) -> str:  # type: ignore
+        source = f"{source.rstrip()}\n"
+        ThreadedStream.push()
+        prompt = "... " if self.more else ">>> "
+        try:
+            source_to_eval = "".join(self.buffer + [source])
+            if super().runsource(source_to_eval, "<debugger>", "single"):
+                self.more = True
+                self.buffer.append(source)
+            else:
+                self.more = False
+                del self.buffer[:]
+        finally:
+            output = ThreadedStream.fetch()
+        return prompt + escape(source) + output
+
+    def runcode(self, code: CodeType) -> None:
+        try:
+            exec(code, self.locals)
+        except Exception:
+            self.showtraceback()
+
+    def showtraceback(self) -> None:
+        from .tbtools import get_current_traceback
+
+        tb = get_current_traceback(skip=1)
+        sys.stdout._write(tb.render_summary())  # type: ignore
+
+    def showsyntaxerror(self, filename: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        from .tbtools import get_current_traceback
+
+        tb = get_current_traceback(skip=4)
+        sys.stdout._write(tb.render_summary())  # type: ignore
+
+    def write(self, data: str) -> None:
+        sys.stdout.write(data)
+
+
+class Console:
+    """An interactive console."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        globals: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        locals: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if locals is None:
+            locals = {}
+        if globals is None:
+            globals = {}
+        self._ipy = _InteractiveConsole(globals, locals)
+
+    def eval(self, code: str) -> str:
+        _local._current_ipy = self._ipy
+        old_sys_stdout = sys.stdout
+        try:
+            return self._ipy.runsource(code)
+        finally:
+            sys.stdout = old_sys_stdout
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/repr.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/repr.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d847b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/repr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+"""Object representations for debugging purposes. Unlike the default
+repr, these expose more information and produce HTML instead of ASCII.
+
+Together with the CSS and JavaScript of the debugger this gives a
+colorful and more compact output.
+"""
+import codecs
+import re
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from collections import deque
+from html import escape
+from traceback import format_exception_only
+
+missing = object()
+_paragraph_re = re.compile(r"(?:\r\n|\r|\n){2,}")
+RegexType = type(_paragraph_re)
+
+HELP_HTML = """\
+<div class=box>
+  <h3>%(title)s</h3>
+  <pre class=help>%(text)s</pre>
+</div>\
+"""
+OBJECT_DUMP_HTML = """\
+<div class=box>
+  <h3>%(title)s</h3>
+  %(repr)s
+  <table>%(items)s</table>
+</div>\
+"""
+
+
+def debug_repr(obj: object) -> str:
+    """Creates a debug repr of an object as HTML string."""
+    return DebugReprGenerator().repr(obj)
+
+
+def dump(obj: object = missing) -> None:
+    """Print the object details to stdout._write (for the interactive
+    console of the web debugger.
+    """
+    gen = DebugReprGenerator()
+    if obj is missing:
+        rv = gen.dump_locals(sys._getframe(1).f_locals)
+    else:
+        rv = gen.dump_object(obj)
+    sys.stdout._write(rv)  # type: ignore
+
+
+class _Helper:
+    """Displays an HTML version of the normal help, for the interactive
+    debugger only because it requires a patched sys.stdout.
+    """
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "Type help(object) for help about object."
+
+    def __call__(self, topic: t.Optional[t.Any] = None) -> None:
+        if topic is None:
+            sys.stdout._write(f"<span class=help>{self!r}</span>")  # type: ignore
+            return
+        import pydoc
+
+        pydoc.help(topic)
+        rv = sys.stdout.reset()  # type: ignore
+        if isinstance(rv, bytes):
+            rv = rv.decode("utf-8", "ignore")
+        paragraphs = _paragraph_re.split(rv)
+        if len(paragraphs) > 1:
+            title = paragraphs[0]
+            text = "\n\n".join(paragraphs[1:])
+        else:
+            title = "Help"
+            text = paragraphs[0]
+        sys.stdout._write(HELP_HTML % {"title": title, "text": text})  # type: ignore
+
+
+helper = _Helper()
+
+
+def _add_subclass_info(
+    inner: str, obj: object, base: t.Union[t.Type, t.Tuple[t.Type, ...]]
+) -> str:
+    if isinstance(base, tuple):
+        for base in base:
+            if type(obj) is base:
+                return inner
+    elif type(obj) is base:
+        return inner
+    module = ""
+    if obj.__class__.__module__ not in ("__builtin__", "exceptions"):
+        module = f'<span class="module">{obj.__class__.__module__}.</span>'
+    return f"{module}{type(obj).__name__}({inner})"
+
+
+def _sequence_repr_maker(
+    left: str, right: str, base: t.Type, limit: int = 8
+) -> t.Callable[["DebugReprGenerator", t.Iterable, bool], str]:
+    def proxy(self: "DebugReprGenerator", obj: t.Iterable, recursive: bool) -> str:
+        if recursive:
+            return _add_subclass_info(f"{left}...{right}", obj, base)
+        buf = [left]
+        have_extended_section = False
+        for idx, item in enumerate(obj):
+            if idx:
+                buf.append(", ")
+            if idx == limit:
+                buf.append('<span class="extended">')
+                have_extended_section = True
+            buf.append(self.repr(item))
+        if have_extended_section:
+            buf.append("</span>")
+        buf.append(right)
+        return _add_subclass_info("".join(buf), obj, base)
+
+    return proxy
+
+
+class DebugReprGenerator:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._stack: t.List[t.Any] = []
+
+    list_repr = _sequence_repr_maker("[", "]", list)
+    tuple_repr = _sequence_repr_maker("(", ")", tuple)
+    set_repr = _sequence_repr_maker("set([", "])", set)
+    frozenset_repr = _sequence_repr_maker("frozenset([", "])", frozenset)
+    deque_repr = _sequence_repr_maker(
+        '<span class="module">collections.</span>deque([', "])", deque
+    )
+
+    def regex_repr(self, obj: t.Pattern) -> str:
+        pattern = repr(obj.pattern)
+        pattern = codecs.decode(pattern, "unicode-escape", "ignore")  # type: ignore
+        pattern = f"r{pattern}"
+        return f're.compile(<span class="string regex">{pattern}</span>)'
+
+    def string_repr(self, obj: t.Union[str, bytes], limit: int = 70) -> str:
+        buf = ['<span class="string">']
+        r = repr(obj)
+
+        # shorten the repr when the hidden part would be at least 3 chars
+        if len(r) - limit > 2:
+            buf.extend(
+                (
+                    escape(r[:limit]),
+                    '<span class="extended">',
+                    escape(r[limit:]),
+                    "</span>",
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            buf.append(escape(r))
+
+        buf.append("</span>")
+        out = "".join(buf)
+
+        # if the repr looks like a standard string, add subclass info if needed
+        if r[0] in "'\"" or (r[0] == "b" and r[1] in "'\""):
+            return _add_subclass_info(out, obj, (bytes, str))
+
+        # otherwise, assume the repr distinguishes the subclass already
+        return out
+
+    def dict_repr(
+        self,
+        d: t.Union[t.Dict[int, None], t.Dict[str, int], t.Dict[t.Union[str, int], int]],
+        recursive: bool,
+        limit: int = 5,
+    ) -> str:
+        if recursive:
+            return _add_subclass_info("{...}", d, dict)
+        buf = ["{"]
+        have_extended_section = False
+        for idx, (key, value) in enumerate(d.items()):
+            if idx:
+                buf.append(", ")
+            if idx == limit - 1:
+                buf.append('<span class="extended">')
+                have_extended_section = True
+            buf.append(
+                f'<span class="pair"><span class="key">{self.repr(key)}</span>:'
+                f' <span class="value">{self.repr(value)}</span></span>'
+            )
+        if have_extended_section:
+            buf.append("</span>")
+        buf.append("}")
+        return _add_subclass_info("".join(buf), d, dict)
+
+    def object_repr(
+        self, obj: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Type[dict], t.Callable, t.Type[list]]]
+    ) -> str:
+        r = repr(obj)
+        return f'<span class="object">{escape(r)}</span>'
+
+    def dispatch_repr(self, obj: t.Any, recursive: bool) -> str:
+        if obj is helper:
+            return f'<span class="help">{helper!r}</span>'
+        if isinstance(obj, (int, float, complex)):
+            return f'<span class="number">{obj!r}</span>'
+        if isinstance(obj, str) or isinstance(obj, bytes):
+            return self.string_repr(obj)
+        if isinstance(obj, RegexType):
+            return self.regex_repr(obj)
+        if isinstance(obj, list):
+            return self.list_repr(obj, recursive)
+        if isinstance(obj, tuple):
+            return self.tuple_repr(obj, recursive)
+        if isinstance(obj, set):
+            return self.set_repr(obj, recursive)
+        if isinstance(obj, frozenset):
+            return self.frozenset_repr(obj, recursive)
+        if isinstance(obj, dict):
+            return self.dict_repr(obj, recursive)
+        if isinstance(obj, deque):
+            return self.deque_repr(obj, recursive)
+        return self.object_repr(obj)
+
+    def fallback_repr(self) -> str:
+        try:
+            info = "".join(format_exception_only(*sys.exc_info()[:2]))
+        except Exception:
+            info = "?"
+        return (
+            '<span class="brokenrepr">'
+            f"&lt;broken repr ({escape(info.strip())})&gt;</span>"
+        )
+
+    def repr(self, obj: object) -> str:
+        recursive = False
+        for item in self._stack:
+            if item is obj:
+                recursive = True
+                break
+        self._stack.append(obj)
+        try:
+            try:
+                return self.dispatch_repr(obj, recursive)
+            except Exception:
+                return self.fallback_repr()
+        finally:
+            self._stack.pop()
+
+    def dump_object(self, obj: object) -> str:
+        repr = None
+        items: t.Optional[t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]] = None
+
+        if isinstance(obj, dict):
+            title = "Contents of"
+            items = []
+            for key, value in obj.items():
+                if not isinstance(key, str):
+                    items = None
+                    break
+                items.append((key, self.repr(value)))
+        if items is None:
+            items = []
+            repr = self.repr(obj)
+            for key in dir(obj):
+                try:
+                    items.append((key, self.repr(getattr(obj, key))))
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+            title = "Details for"
+        title += f" {object.__repr__(obj)[1:-1]}"
+        return self.render_object_dump(items, title, repr)
+
+    def dump_locals(self, d: t.Dict[str, t.Any]) -> str:
+        items = [(key, self.repr(value)) for key, value in d.items()]
+        return self.render_object_dump(items, "Local variables in frame")
+
+    def render_object_dump(
+        self, items: t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]], title: str, repr: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> str:
+        html_items = []
+        for key, value in items:
+            html_items.append(f"<tr><th>{escape(key)}<td><pre class=repr>{value}</pre>")
+        if not html_items:
+            html_items.append("<tr><td><em>Nothing</em>")
+        return OBJECT_DUMP_HTML % {
+            "title": escape(title),
+            "repr": f"<pre class=repr>{repr if repr else ''}</pre>",
+            "items": "\n".join(html_items),
+        }
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/FONT_LICENSE b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/FONT_LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae78a8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/FONT_LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+-------------------------------
+UBUNTU FONT LICENCE Version 1.0
+-------------------------------
+
+PREAMBLE
+This licence allows the licensed fonts to be used, studied, modified and
+redistributed freely. The fonts, including any derivative works, can be
+bundled, embedded, and redistributed provided the terms of this licence
+are met. The fonts and derivatives, however, cannot be released under
+any other licence. The requirement for fonts to remain under this
+licence does not require any document created using the fonts or their
+derivatives to be published under this licence, as long as the primary
+purpose of the document is not to be a vehicle for the distribution of
+the fonts.
+
+DEFINITIONS
+"Font Software" refers to the set of files released by the Copyright
+Holder(s) under this licence and clearly marked as such. This may
+include source files, build scripts and documentation.
+
+"Original Version" refers to the collection of Font Software components
+as received under this licence.
+
+"Modified Version" refers to any derivative made by adding to, deleting,
+or substituting -- in part or in whole -- any of the components of the
+Original Version, by changing formats or by porting the Font Software to
+a new environment.
+
+"Copyright Holder(s)" refers to all individuals and companies who have a
+copyright ownership of the Font Software.
+
+"Substantially Changed" refers to Modified Versions which can be easily
+identified as dissimilar to the Font Software by users of the Font
+Software comparing the Original Version with the Modified Version.
+
+To "Propagate" a work means to do anything with it that, without
+permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
+infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a
+computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying,
+distribution (with or without modification and with or without charging
+a redistribution fee), making available to the public, and in some
+countries other activities as well.
+
+PERMISSION & CONDITIONS
+This licence does not grant any rights under trademark law and all such
+rights are reserved.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+copy of the Font Software, to propagate the Font Software, subject to
+the below conditions:
+
+1) Each copy of the Font Software must contain the above copyright
+notice and this licence. These can be included either as stand-alone
+text files, human-readable headers or in the appropriate machine-
+readable metadata fields within text or binary files as long as those
+fields can be easily viewed by the user.
+
+2) The font name complies with the following:
+(a) The Original Version must retain its name, unmodified.
+(b) Modified Versions which are Substantially Changed must be renamed to
+avoid use of the name of the Original Version or similar names entirely.
+(c) Modified Versions which are not Substantially Changed must be
+renamed to both (i) retain the name of the Original Version and (ii) add
+additional naming elements to distinguish the Modified Version from the
+Original Version. The name of such Modified Versions must be the name of
+the Original Version, with "derivative X" where X represents the name of
+the new work, appended to that name.
+
+3) The name(s) of the Copyright Holder(s) and any contributor to the
+Font Software shall not be used to promote, endorse or advertise any
+Modified Version, except (i) as required by this licence, (ii) to
+acknowledge the contribution(s) of the Copyright Holder(s) or (iii) with
+their explicit written permission.
+
+4) The Font Software, modified or unmodified, in part or in whole, must
+be distributed entirely under this licence, and must not be distributed
+under any other licence. The requirement for fonts to remain under this
+licence does not affect any document created using the Font Software,
+except any version of the Font Software extracted from a document
+created using the Font Software may only be distributed under this
+licence.
+
+TERMINATION
+This licence becomes null and void if any of the above conditions are
+not met.
+
+DISCLAIMER
+THE FONT SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OF
+COPYRIGHT, PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR OTHER RIGHT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+DAMAGES, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+FROM, OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE FONT SOFTWARE OR FROM OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE FONT SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/ICON_LICENSE.md b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/ICON_LICENSE.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bdbfc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/ICON_LICENSE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+Silk icon set 1.3 by Mark James <mjames@gmail.com>
+
+http://www.famfamfam.com/lab/icons/silk/
+
+License: [CC-BY-2.5](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/)
+or [CC-BY-3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/console.png b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/console.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c28dd63
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/console.png differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/debugger.js b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/debugger.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2354f03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/debugger.js
@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+docReady(() => {
+  if (!EVALEX_TRUSTED) {
+    initPinBox();
+  }
+  // if we are in console mode, show the console.
+  if (CONSOLE_MODE && EVALEX) {
+    createInteractiveConsole();
+  }
+
+  const frames = document.querySelectorAll("div.traceback div.frame");
+  if (EVALEX) {
+    addConsoleIconToFrames(frames);
+  }
+  addEventListenersToElements(document.querySelectorAll("div.detail"), "click", () =>
+    document.querySelector("div.traceback").scrollIntoView(false)
+  );
+  addToggleFrameTraceback(frames);
+  addToggleTraceTypesOnClick(document.querySelectorAll("h2.traceback"));
+  addInfoPrompt(document.querySelectorAll("span.nojavascript"));
+  wrapPlainTraceback();
+});
+
+function addToggleFrameTraceback(frames) {
+  frames.forEach((frame) => {
+    frame.addEventListener("click", () => {
+      frame.getElementsByTagName("pre")[0].parentElement.classList.toggle("expanded");
+    });
+  })
+}
+
+
+function wrapPlainTraceback() {
+  const plainTraceback = document.querySelector("div.plain textarea");
+  const wrapper = document.createElement("pre");
+  const textNode = document.createTextNode(plainTraceback.textContent);
+  wrapper.appendChild(textNode);
+  plainTraceback.replaceWith(wrapper);
+}
+
+function initPinBox() {
+  document.querySelector(".pin-prompt form").addEventListener(
+    "submit",
+    function (event) {
+      event.preventDefault();
+      const pin = encodeURIComponent(this.pin.value);
+      const encodedSecret = encodeURIComponent(SECRET);
+      const btn = this.btn;
+      btn.disabled = true;
+
+      fetch(
+        `${document.location.pathname}?__debugger__=yes&cmd=pinauth&pin=${pin}&s=${encodedSecret}`
+      )
+        .then((res) => res.json())
+        .then(({auth, exhausted}) => {
+          if (auth) {
+            EVALEX_TRUSTED = true;
+            fadeOut(document.getElementsByClassName("pin-prompt")[0]);
+          } else {
+            alert(
+              `Error: ${
+                exhausted
+                  ? "too many attempts.  Restart server to retry."
+                  : "incorrect pin"
+              }`
+            );
+          }
+        })
+        .catch((err) => {
+          alert("Error: Could not verify PIN.  Network error?");
+          console.error(err);
+        })
+        .finally(() => (btn.disabled = false));
+    },
+    false
+  );
+}
+
+function promptForPin() {
+  if (!EVALEX_TRUSTED) {
+    const encodedSecret = encodeURIComponent(SECRET);
+    fetch(
+      `${document.location.pathname}?__debugger__=yes&cmd=printpin&s=${encodedSecret}`
+    );
+    const pinPrompt = document.getElementsByClassName("pin-prompt")[0];
+    fadeIn(pinPrompt);
+    document.querySelector('.pin-prompt input[name="pin"]').focus();
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper function for shell initialization
+ */
+function openShell(consoleNode, target, frameID) {
+  promptForPin();
+  if (consoleNode) {
+    slideToggle(consoleNode);
+    return consoleNode;
+  }
+  let historyPos = 0;
+  const history = [""];
+  const consoleElement = createConsole();
+  const output = createConsoleOutput();
+  const form = createConsoleInputForm();
+  const command = createConsoleInput();
+
+  target.parentNode.appendChild(consoleElement);
+  consoleElement.append(output);
+  consoleElement.append(form);
+  form.append(command);
+  command.focus();
+  slideToggle(consoleElement);
+
+  form.addEventListener("submit", (e) => {
+    handleConsoleSubmit(e, command, frameID).then((consoleOutput) => {
+      output.append(consoleOutput);
+      command.focus();
+      consoleElement.scrollTo(0, consoleElement.scrollHeight);
+      const old = history.pop();
+      history.push(command.value);
+      if (typeof old !== "undefined") {
+        history.push(old);
+      }
+      historyPos = history.length - 1;
+      command.value = "";
+    });
+  });
+
+  command.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
+    if (e.key === "l" && e.ctrlKey) {
+      output.innerText = "--- screen cleared ---";
+    } else if (e.key === "ArrowUp" || e.key === "ArrowDown") {
+      // Handle up arrow and down arrow.
+      if (e.key === "ArrowUp" && historyPos > 0) {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        historyPos--;
+      } else if (e.key === "ArrowDown" && historyPos < history.length - 1) {
+        historyPos++;
+      }
+      command.value = history[historyPos];
+    }
+    return false;
+  });
+
+  return consoleElement;
+}
+
+function addEventListenersToElements(elements, event, listener) {
+  elements.forEach((el) => el.addEventListener(event, listener));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Add extra info
+ */
+function addInfoPrompt(elements) {
+  for (let i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+    elements[i].innerHTML =
+      "<p>To switch between the interactive traceback and the plaintext " +
+      'one, you can click on the "Traceback" headline. From the text ' +
+      "traceback you can also create a paste of it. " +
+      (!EVALEX
+        ? ""
+        : "For code execution mouse-over the frame you want to debug and " +
+          "click on the console icon on the right side." +
+          "<p>You can execute arbitrary Python code in the stack frames and " +
+          "there are some extra helpers available for introspection:" +
+          "<ul><li><code>dump()</code> shows all variables in the frame" +
+          "<li><code>dump(obj)</code> dumps all that's known about the object</ul>");
+    elements[i].classList.remove("nojavascript");
+  }
+}
+
+function addConsoleIconToFrames(frames) {
+  for (let i = 0; i < frames.length; i++) {
+    let consoleNode = null;
+    const target = frames[i];
+    const frameID = frames[i].id.substring(6);
+
+    for (let j = 0; j < target.getElementsByTagName("pre").length; j++) {
+      const img = createIconForConsole();
+      img.addEventListener("click", (e) => {
+        e.stopPropagation();
+        consoleNode = openShell(consoleNode, target, frameID);
+        return false;
+      });
+      target.getElementsByTagName("pre")[j].append(img);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function slideToggle(target) {
+  target.classList.toggle("active");
+}
+
+/**
+ * toggle traceback types on click.
+ */
+function addToggleTraceTypesOnClick(elements) {
+  for (let i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
+    elements[i].addEventListener("click", () => {
+      document.querySelector("div.traceback").classList.toggle("hidden");
+      document.querySelector("div.plain").classList.toggle("hidden");
+    });
+    elements[i].style.cursor = "pointer";
+    document.querySelector("div.plain").classList.toggle("hidden");
+  }
+}
+
+function createConsole() {
+  const consoleNode = document.createElement("pre");
+  consoleNode.classList.add("console");
+  consoleNode.classList.add("active");
+  return consoleNode;
+}
+
+function createConsoleOutput() {
+  const output = document.createElement("div");
+  output.classList.add("output");
+  output.innerHTML = "[console ready]";
+  return output;
+}
+
+function createConsoleInputForm() {
+  const form = document.createElement("form");
+  form.innerHTML = "&gt;&gt;&gt; ";
+  return form;
+}
+
+function createConsoleInput() {
+  const command = document.createElement("input");
+  command.type = "text";
+  command.setAttribute("autocomplete", "off");
+  command.setAttribute("spellcheck", false);
+  command.setAttribute("autocapitalize", "off");
+  command.setAttribute("autocorrect", "off");
+  return command;
+}
+
+function createIconForConsole() {
+  const img = document.createElement("img");
+  img.setAttribute("src", "?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=console.png");
+  img.setAttribute("title", "Open an interactive python shell in this frame");
+  return img;
+}
+
+function createExpansionButtonForConsole() {
+  const expansionButton = document.createElement("a");
+  expansionButton.setAttribute("href", "#");
+  expansionButton.setAttribute("class", "toggle");
+  expansionButton.innerHTML = "&nbsp;&nbsp;";
+  return expansionButton;
+}
+
+function createInteractiveConsole() {
+  const target = document.querySelector("div.console div.inner");
+  while (target.firstChild) {
+    target.removeChild(target.firstChild);
+  }
+  openShell(null, target, 0);
+}
+
+function handleConsoleSubmit(e, command, frameID) {
+  // Prevent page from refreshing.
+  e.preventDefault();
+
+  return new Promise((resolve) => {
+    // Get input command.
+    const cmd = command.value;
+
+    // Setup GET request.
+    const urlPath = "";
+    const params = {
+      __debugger__: "yes",
+      cmd: cmd,
+      frm: frameID,
+      s: SECRET,
+    };
+    const paramString = Object.keys(params)
+      .map((key) => {
+        return "&" + encodeURIComponent(key) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(params[key]);
+      })
+      .join("");
+
+    fetch(urlPath + "?" + paramString)
+      .then((res) => {
+        return res.text();
+      })
+      .then((data) => {
+        const tmp = document.createElement("div");
+        tmp.innerHTML = data;
+        resolve(tmp);
+
+        // Handle expandable span for long list outputs.
+        // Example to test: list(range(13))
+        let wrapperAdded = false;
+        const wrapperSpan = document.createElement("span");
+        const expansionButton = createExpansionButtonForConsole();
+
+        tmp.querySelectorAll("span.extended").forEach((spanToWrap) => {
+          const parentDiv = spanToWrap.parentNode;
+          if (!wrapperAdded) {
+            parentDiv.insertBefore(wrapperSpan, spanToWrap);
+            wrapperAdded = true;
+          }
+          parentDiv.removeChild(spanToWrap);
+          wrapperSpan.append(spanToWrap);
+          spanToWrap.hidden = true;
+
+          expansionButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
+            spanToWrap.hidden = !spanToWrap.hidden;
+            expansionButton.classList.toggle("open");
+            return false;
+          });
+        });
+
+        // Add expansion button at end of wrapper.
+        if (wrapperAdded) {
+          wrapperSpan.append(expansionButton);
+        }
+      })
+      .catch((err) => {
+        console.error(err);
+      });
+    return false;
+  });
+}
+
+function fadeOut(element) {
+  element.style.opacity = 1;
+
+  (function fade() {
+    element.style.opacity -= 0.1;
+    if (element.style.opacity < 0) {
+      element.style.display = "none";
+    } else {
+      requestAnimationFrame(fade);
+    }
+  })();
+}
+
+function fadeIn(element, display) {
+  element.style.opacity = 0;
+  element.style.display = display || "block";
+
+  (function fade() {
+    let val = parseFloat(element.style.opacity) + 0.1;
+    if (val <= 1) {
+      element.style.opacity = val;
+      requestAnimationFrame(fade);
+    }
+  })();
+}
+
+function docReady(fn) {
+  if (document.readyState === "complete" || document.readyState === "interactive") {
+    setTimeout(fn, 1);
+  } else {
+    document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", fn);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/less.png b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/less.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5efefd6
Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/less.png differ
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/more.png b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/more.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..804fa22
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/source.png b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/source.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7ea904
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/style.css b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/style.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd99613
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/style.css
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Ubuntu';
+  font-style: normal;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  src: local('Ubuntu'), local('Ubuntu-Regular'),
+    url('?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=ubuntu.ttf') format('truetype');
+}
+
+body, input  { font-family: 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Geneva',
+               'Verdana', sans-serif; color: #000; text-align: center;
+               margin: 1em; padding: 0; font-size: 15px; }
+h1, h2, h3   { font-family: 'Ubuntu', 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans Unicode',
+               'Geneva', 'Verdana', sans-serif; font-weight: normal; }
+
+input        { background-color: #fff; margin: 0; text-align: left;
+               outline: none !important; }
+input[type="submit"] { padding: 3px 6px; }
+a            { color: #11557C; }
+a:hover      { color: #177199; }
+pre, code,
+textarea     { font-family: 'Consolas', 'Monaco', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono',
+               monospace; font-size: 14px; }
+
+div.debugger { text-align: left; padding: 12px; margin: auto;
+               background-color: white; }
+h1           { font-size: 36px; margin: 0 0 0.3em 0; }
+div.detail { cursor: pointer; }
+div.detail p { margin: 0 0 8px 13px; font-size: 14px; white-space: pre-wrap;
+               font-family: monospace; }
+div.explanation { margin: 20px 13px; font-size: 15px; color: #555; }
+div.footer   { font-size: 13px; text-align: right; margin: 30px 0;
+               color: #86989B; }
+
+h2           { font-size: 16px; margin: 1.3em 0 0.0 0; padding: 9px;
+               background-color: #11557C; color: white; }
+h2 em, h3 em { font-style: normal; color: #A5D6D9; font-weight: normal; }
+
+div.traceback, div.plain { border: 1px solid #ddd; margin: 0 0 1em 0; padding: 10px; }
+div.plain p      { margin: 0; }
+div.plain textarea,
+div.plain pre { margin: 10px 0 0 0; padding: 4px;
+                background-color: #E8EFF0; border: 1px solid #D3E7E9; }
+div.plain textarea { width: 99%; height: 300px; }
+div.traceback h3 { font-size: 1em; margin: 0 0 0.8em 0; }
+div.traceback ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 1em; }
+div.traceback h4 { font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin: 0.7em 0 0.1em 0; }
+div.traceback pre { margin: 0; padding: 5px 0 3px 15px;
+                    background-color: #E8EFF0; border: 1px solid #D3E7E9; }
+div.traceback .library .current { background: white; color: #555; }
+div.traceback .expanded .current { background: #E8EFF0; color: black; }
+div.traceback pre:hover { background-color: #DDECEE; color: black; cursor: pointer; }
+div.traceback div.source.expanded pre + pre { border-top: none; }
+
+div.traceback span.ws { display: none; }
+div.traceback pre.before, div.traceback pre.after { display: none; background: white; }
+div.traceback div.source.expanded pre.before,
+div.traceback div.source.expanded pre.after {
+    display: block;
+}
+
+div.traceback div.source.expanded span.ws {
+    display: inline;
+}
+
+div.traceback blockquote { margin: 1em 0 0 0; padding: 0; white-space: pre-line; }
+div.traceback img { float: right; padding: 2px; margin: -3px 2px 0 0; display: none; }
+div.traceback img:hover { background-color: #ddd; cursor: pointer;
+                          border-color: #BFDDE0; }
+div.traceback pre:hover img { display: block; }
+div.traceback cite.filename { font-style: normal; color: #3B666B; }
+
+pre.console { border: 1px solid #ccc; background: white!important;
+              color: black; padding: 5px!important;
+              margin: 3px 0 0 0!important; cursor: default!important;
+              max-height: 400px; overflow: auto; }
+pre.console form { color: #555; }
+pre.console input { background-color: transparent; color: #555;
+                    width: 90%; font-family: 'Consolas', 'Deja Vu Sans Mono',
+                    'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', monospace; font-size: 14px;
+                     border: none!important; }
+
+span.string { color: #30799B; }
+span.number { color: #9C1A1C; }
+span.help   { color: #3A7734; }
+span.object { color: #485F6E; }
+span.extended { opacity: 0.5; }
+span.extended:hover { opacity: 1; }
+a.toggle { text-decoration: none; background-repeat: no-repeat;
+           background-position: center center;
+           background-image: url(?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=more.png); }
+a.toggle:hover { background-color: #444; }
+a.open { background-image: url(?__debugger__=yes&cmd=resource&f=less.png); }
+
+pre.console div.traceback,
+pre.console div.box { margin: 5px 10px; white-space: normal;
+                      border: 1px solid #11557C; padding: 10px;
+                      font-family: 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Geneva',
+                      'Verdana', sans-serif;  }
+pre.console div.box h3,
+pre.console div.traceback h3 { margin: -10px -10px 10px -10px; padding: 5px;
+                               background: #11557C; color: white; }
+
+pre.console div.traceback pre:hover { cursor: default; background: #E8EFF0; }
+pre.console div.traceback pre.syntaxerror { background: inherit; border: none;
+                                            margin: 20px -10px -10px -10px;
+                                            padding: 10px; border-top: 1px solid #BFDDE0;
+                                            background: #E8EFF0; }
+pre.console div.noframe-traceback pre.syntaxerror { margin-top: -10px; border: none; }
+
+pre.console div.box pre.repr { padding: 0; margin: 0; background-color: white; border: none; }
+pre.console div.box table { margin-top: 6px; }
+pre.console div.box pre { border: none; }
+pre.console div.box pre.help { background-color: white; }
+pre.console div.box pre.help:hover { cursor: default; }
+pre.console table tr { vertical-align: top; }
+div.console { border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 4px; background-color: #fafafa; }
+
+div.traceback pre, div.console pre {
+    white-space: pre-wrap;       /* css-3 should we be so lucky... */
+    white-space: -moz-pre-wrap;  /* Mozilla, since 1999 */
+    white-space: -pre-wrap;      /* Opera 4-6 ?? */
+    white-space: -o-pre-wrap;    /* Opera 7 ?? */
+    word-wrap: break-word;       /* Internet Explorer 5.5+ */
+    _white-space: pre;           /* IE only hack to re-specify in
+                                 addition to word-wrap  */
+}
+
+
+div.pin-prompt {
+    position: absolute;
+    display: none;
+    top: 0;
+    bottom: 0;
+    left: 0;
+    right: 0;
+    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
+}
+
+div.pin-prompt .inner {
+    background: #eee;
+    padding: 10px 50px;
+    width: 350px;
+    margin: 10% auto 0 auto;
+    border: 1px solid #ccc;
+    border-radius: 2px;
+}
+
+div.exc-divider {
+    margin: 0.7em 0 0 -1em;
+    padding: 0.5em;
+    background: #11557C;
+    color: #ddd;
+    border: 1px solid #ddd;
+}
+
+.console.active {
+    max-height: 0!important;
+    display: none;
+}
+
+.hidden {
+    display: none;
+}
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/ubuntu.ttf b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/shared/ubuntu.ttf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8079f93
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/tbtools.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/tbtools.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ffd654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/debug/tbtools.py
@@ -0,0 +1,600 @@
+import codecs
+import inspect
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+import traceback
+import typing as t
+from html import escape
+from tokenize import TokenError
+from types import CodeType
+from types import TracebackType
+
+from .._internal import _to_str
+from ..filesystem import get_filesystem_encoding
+from ..utils import cached_property
+from .console import Console
+
+_coding_re = re.compile(br"coding[:=]\s*([-\w.]+)")
+_line_re = re.compile(br"^(.*?)$", re.MULTILINE)
+_funcdef_re = re.compile(r"^(\s*def\s)|(.*(?<!\w)lambda(:|\s))|^(\s*@)")
+
+HEADER = """\
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+  "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>%(title)s // Werkzeug Debugger</title>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="?__debugger__=yes&amp;cmd=resource&amp;f=style.css"
+        type="text/css">
+    <!-- We need to make sure this has a favicon so that the debugger does
+         not accidentally trigger a request to /favicon.ico which might
+         change the application's state. -->
+    <link rel="shortcut icon"
+        href="?__debugger__=yes&amp;cmd=resource&amp;f=console.png">
+    <script src="?__debugger__=yes&amp;cmd=resource&amp;f=debugger.js"></script>
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+      var TRACEBACK = %(traceback_id)d,
+          CONSOLE_MODE = %(console)s,
+          EVALEX = %(evalex)s,
+          EVALEX_TRUSTED = %(evalex_trusted)s,
+          SECRET = "%(secret)s";
+    </script>
+  </head>
+  <body style="background-color: #fff">
+    <div class="debugger">
+"""
+FOOTER = """\
+      <div class="footer">
+        Brought to you by <strong class="arthur">DON'T PANIC</strong>, your
+        friendly Werkzeug powered traceback interpreter.
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="pin-prompt">
+      <div class="inner">
+        <h3>Console Locked</h3>
+        <p>
+          The console is locked and needs to be unlocked by entering the PIN.
+          You can find the PIN printed out on the standard output of your
+          shell that runs the server.
+        <form>
+          <p>PIN:
+            <input type=text name=pin size=14>
+            <input type=submit name=btn value="Confirm Pin">
+        </form>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </body>
+</html>
+"""
+
+PAGE_HTML = (
+    HEADER
+    + """\
+<h1>%(exception_type)s</h1>
+<div class="detail">
+  <p class="errormsg">%(exception)s</p>
+</div>
+<h2 class="traceback">Traceback <em>(most recent call last)</em></h2>
+%(summary)s
+<div class="plain">
+    <p>
+      This is the Copy/Paste friendly version of the traceback.
+    </p>
+    <textarea cols="50" rows="10" name="code" readonly>%(plaintext)s</textarea>
+</div>
+<div class="explanation">
+  The debugger caught an exception in your WSGI application.  You can now
+  look at the traceback which led to the error.  <span class="nojavascript">
+  If you enable JavaScript you can also use additional features such as code
+  execution (if the evalex feature is enabled), automatic pasting of the
+  exceptions and much more.</span>
+</div>
+"""
+    + FOOTER
+    + """
+<!--
+
+%(plaintext_cs)s
+
+-->
+"""
+)
+
+CONSOLE_HTML = (
+    HEADER
+    + """\
+<h1>Interactive Console</h1>
+<div class="explanation">
+In this console you can execute Python expressions in the context of the
+application.  The initial namespace was created by the debugger automatically.
+</div>
+<div class="console"><div class="inner">The Console requires JavaScript.</div></div>
+"""
+    + FOOTER
+)
+
+SUMMARY_HTML = """\
+<div class="%(classes)s">
+  %(title)s
+  <ul>%(frames)s</ul>
+  %(description)s
+</div>
+"""
+
+FRAME_HTML = """\
+<div class="frame" id="frame-%(id)d">
+  <h4>File <cite class="filename">"%(filename)s"</cite>,
+      line <em class="line">%(lineno)s</em>,
+      in <code class="function">%(function_name)s</code></h4>
+  <div class="source %(library)s">%(lines)s</div>
+</div>
+"""
+
+SOURCE_LINE_HTML = """\
+<tr class="%(classes)s">
+  <td class=lineno>%(lineno)s</td>
+  <td>%(code)s</td>
+</tr>
+"""
+
+
+def render_console_html(secret: str, evalex_trusted: bool = True) -> str:
+    return CONSOLE_HTML % {
+        "evalex": "true",
+        "evalex_trusted": "true" if evalex_trusted else "false",
+        "console": "true",
+        "title": "Console",
+        "secret": secret,
+        "traceback_id": -1,
+    }
+
+
+def get_current_traceback(
+    ignore_system_exceptions: bool = False,
+    show_hidden_frames: bool = False,
+    skip: int = 0,
+) -> "Traceback":
+    """Get the current exception info as `Traceback` object.  Per default
+    calling this method will reraise system exceptions such as generator exit,
+    system exit or others.  This behavior can be disabled by passing `False`
+    to the function as first parameter.
+    """
+    info = t.cast(
+        t.Tuple[t.Type[BaseException], BaseException, TracebackType], sys.exc_info()
+    )
+    exc_type, exc_value, tb = info
+
+    if ignore_system_exceptions and exc_type in {
+        SystemExit,
+        KeyboardInterrupt,
+        GeneratorExit,
+    }:
+        raise
+    for _ in range(skip):
+        if tb.tb_next is None:
+            break
+        tb = tb.tb_next
+    tb = Traceback(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
+    if not show_hidden_frames:
+        tb.filter_hidden_frames()
+    return tb
+
+
+class Line:
+    """Helper for the source renderer."""
+
+    __slots__ = ("lineno", "code", "in_frame", "current")
+
+    def __init__(self, lineno: int, code: str) -> None:
+        self.lineno = lineno
+        self.code = code
+        self.in_frame = False
+        self.current = False
+
+    @property
+    def classes(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        rv = ["line"]
+        if self.in_frame:
+            rv.append("in-frame")
+        if self.current:
+            rv.append("current")
+        return rv
+
+    def render(self) -> str:
+        return SOURCE_LINE_HTML % {
+            "classes": " ".join(self.classes),
+            "lineno": self.lineno,
+            "code": escape(self.code),
+        }
+
+
+class Traceback:
+    """Wraps a traceback."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: t.Type[BaseException],
+        exc_value: BaseException,
+        tb: TracebackType,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.exc_type = exc_type
+        self.exc_value = exc_value
+        self.tb = tb
+
+        exception_type = exc_type.__name__
+        if exc_type.__module__ not in {"builtins", "__builtin__", "exceptions"}:
+            exception_type = f"{exc_type.__module__}.{exception_type}"
+        self.exception_type = exception_type
+
+        self.groups = []
+        memo = set()
+        while True:
+            self.groups.append(Group(exc_type, exc_value, tb))
+            memo.add(id(exc_value))
+            exc_value = exc_value.__cause__ or exc_value.__context__  # type: ignore
+            if exc_value is None or id(exc_value) in memo:
+                break
+            exc_type = type(exc_value)
+            tb = exc_value.__traceback__  # type: ignore
+        self.groups.reverse()
+        self.frames = [frame for group in self.groups for frame in group.frames]
+
+    def filter_hidden_frames(self) -> None:
+        """Remove the frames according to the paste spec."""
+        for group in self.groups:
+            group.filter_hidden_frames()
+
+        self.frames[:] = [frame for group in self.groups for frame in group.frames]
+
+    @property
+    def is_syntax_error(self) -> bool:
+        """Is it a syntax error?"""
+        return isinstance(self.exc_value, SyntaxError)
+
+    @property
+    def exception(self) -> str:
+        """String representation of the final exception."""
+        return self.groups[-1].exception
+
+    def log(self, logfile: t.Optional[t.IO[str]] = None) -> None:
+        """Log the ASCII traceback into a file object."""
+        if logfile is None:
+            logfile = sys.stderr
+        tb = f"{self.plaintext.rstrip()}\n"
+        logfile.write(tb)
+
+    def render_summary(self, include_title: bool = True) -> str:
+        """Render the traceback for the interactive console."""
+        title = ""
+        classes = ["traceback"]
+        if not self.frames:
+            classes.append("noframe-traceback")
+            frames = []
+        else:
+            library_frames = sum(frame.is_library for frame in self.frames)
+            mark_lib = 0 < library_frames < len(self.frames)
+            frames = [group.render(mark_lib=mark_lib) for group in self.groups]
+
+        if include_title:
+            if self.is_syntax_error:
+                title = "Syntax Error"
+            else:
+                title = "Traceback <em>(most recent call last)</em>:"
+
+        if self.is_syntax_error:
+            description = f"<pre class=syntaxerror>{escape(self.exception)}</pre>"
+        else:
+            description = f"<blockquote>{escape(self.exception)}</blockquote>"
+
+        return SUMMARY_HTML % {
+            "classes": " ".join(classes),
+            "title": f"<h3>{title if title else ''}</h3>",
+            "frames": "\n".join(frames),
+            "description": description,
+        }
+
+    def render_full(
+        self,
+        evalex: bool = False,
+        secret: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        evalex_trusted: bool = True,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Render the Full HTML page with the traceback info."""
+        exc = escape(self.exception)
+        return PAGE_HTML % {
+            "evalex": "true" if evalex else "false",
+            "evalex_trusted": "true" if evalex_trusted else "false",
+            "console": "false",
+            "title": exc,
+            "exception": exc,
+            "exception_type": escape(self.exception_type),
+            "summary": self.render_summary(include_title=False),
+            "plaintext": escape(self.plaintext),
+            "plaintext_cs": re.sub("-{2,}", "-", self.plaintext),
+            "traceback_id": self.id,
+            "secret": secret,
+        }
+
+    @cached_property
+    def plaintext(self) -> str:
+        return "\n".join([group.render_text() for group in self.groups])
+
+    @property
+    def id(self) -> int:
+        return id(self)
+
+
+class Group:
+    """A group of frames for an exception in a traceback. If the
+    exception has a ``__cause__`` or ``__context__``, there are multiple
+    exception groups.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: t.Type[BaseException],
+        exc_value: BaseException,
+        tb: TracebackType,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.exc_type = exc_type
+        self.exc_value = exc_value
+        self.info = None
+        if exc_value.__cause__ is not None:
+            self.info = (
+                "The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception"
+            )
+        elif exc_value.__context__ is not None:
+            self.info = (
+                "During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred"
+            )
+
+        self.frames = []
+        while tb is not None:
+            self.frames.append(Frame(exc_type, exc_value, tb))
+            tb = tb.tb_next  # type: ignore
+
+    def filter_hidden_frames(self) -> None:
+        # An exception may not have a traceback to filter frames, such
+        # as one re-raised from ProcessPoolExecutor.
+        if not self.frames:
+            return
+
+        new_frames: t.List[Frame] = []
+        hidden = False
+
+        for frame in self.frames:
+            hide = frame.hide
+            if hide in ("before", "before_and_this"):
+                new_frames = []
+                hidden = False
+                if hide == "before_and_this":
+                    continue
+            elif hide in ("reset", "reset_and_this"):
+                hidden = False
+                if hide == "reset_and_this":
+                    continue
+            elif hide in ("after", "after_and_this"):
+                hidden = True
+                if hide == "after_and_this":
+                    continue
+            elif hide or hidden:
+                continue
+            new_frames.append(frame)
+
+        # if we only have one frame and that frame is from the codeop
+        # module, remove it.
+        if len(new_frames) == 1 and self.frames[0].module == "codeop":
+            del self.frames[:]
+
+        # if the last frame is missing something went terrible wrong :(
+        elif self.frames[-1] in new_frames:
+            self.frames[:] = new_frames
+
+    @property
+    def exception(self) -> str:
+        """String representation of the exception."""
+        buf = traceback.format_exception_only(self.exc_type, self.exc_value)
+        rv = "".join(buf).strip()
+        return _to_str(rv, "utf-8", "replace")
+
+    def render(self, mark_lib: bool = True) -> str:
+        out = []
+        if self.info is not None:
+            out.append(f'<li><div class="exc-divider">{self.info}:</div>')
+        for frame in self.frames:
+            title = f' title="{escape(frame.info)}"' if frame.info else ""
+            out.append(f"<li{title}>{frame.render(mark_lib=mark_lib)}")
+        return "\n".join(out)
+
+    def render_text(self) -> str:
+        out = []
+        if self.info is not None:
+            out.append(f"\n{self.info}:\n")
+        out.append("Traceback (most recent call last):")
+        for frame in self.frames:
+            out.append(frame.render_text())
+        out.append(self.exception)
+        return "\n".join(out)
+
+
+class Frame:
+    """A single frame in a traceback."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: t.Type[BaseException],
+        exc_value: BaseException,
+        tb: TracebackType,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.lineno = tb.tb_lineno
+        self.function_name = tb.tb_frame.f_code.co_name
+        self.locals = tb.tb_frame.f_locals
+        self.globals = tb.tb_frame.f_globals
+
+        fn = inspect.getsourcefile(tb) or inspect.getfile(tb)
+        if fn[-4:] in (".pyo", ".pyc"):
+            fn = fn[:-1]
+        # if it's a file on the file system resolve the real filename.
+        if os.path.isfile(fn):
+            fn = os.path.realpath(fn)
+        self.filename = _to_str(fn, get_filesystem_encoding())
+        self.module = self.globals.get("__name__", self.locals.get("__name__"))
+        self.loader = self.globals.get("__loader__", self.locals.get("__loader__"))
+        self.code = tb.tb_frame.f_code
+
+        # support for paste's traceback extensions
+        self.hide = self.locals.get("__traceback_hide__", False)
+        info = self.locals.get("__traceback_info__")
+        if info is not None:
+            info = _to_str(info, "utf-8", "replace")
+        self.info = info
+
+    def render(self, mark_lib: bool = True) -> str:
+        """Render a single frame in a traceback."""
+        return FRAME_HTML % {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "filename": escape(self.filename),
+            "lineno": self.lineno,
+            "function_name": escape(self.function_name),
+            "lines": self.render_line_context(),
+            "library": "library" if mark_lib and self.is_library else "",
+        }
+
+    @cached_property
+    def is_library(self) -> bool:
+        return any(
+            self.filename.startswith(os.path.realpath(path))
+            for path in sysconfig.get_paths().values()
+        )
+
+    def render_text(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f'  File "{self.filename}", line {self.lineno}, in {self.function_name}\n'
+            f"    {self.current_line.strip()}"
+        )
+
+    def render_line_context(self) -> str:
+        before, current, after = self.get_context_lines()
+        rv = []
+
+        def render_line(line: str, cls: str) -> None:
+            line = line.expandtabs().rstrip()
+            stripped_line = line.strip()
+            prefix = len(line) - len(stripped_line)
+            rv.append(
+                f'<pre class="line {cls}"><span class="ws">{" " * prefix}</span>'
+                f"{escape(stripped_line) if stripped_line else ' '}</pre>"
+            )
+
+        for line in before:
+            render_line(line, "before")
+        render_line(current, "current")
+        for line in after:
+            render_line(line, "after")
+
+        return "\n".join(rv)
+
+    def get_annotated_lines(self) -> t.List[Line]:
+        """Helper function that returns lines with extra information."""
+        lines = [Line(idx + 1, x) for idx, x in enumerate(self.sourcelines)]
+
+        # find function definition and mark lines
+        if hasattr(self.code, "co_firstlineno"):
+            lineno = self.code.co_firstlineno - 1
+            while lineno > 0:
+                if _funcdef_re.match(lines[lineno].code):
+                    break
+                lineno -= 1
+            try:
+                offset = len(inspect.getblock([f"{x.code}\n" for x in lines[lineno:]]))
+            except TokenError:
+                offset = 0
+            for line in lines[lineno : lineno + offset]:
+                line.in_frame = True
+
+        # mark current line
+        try:
+            lines[self.lineno - 1].current = True
+        except IndexError:
+            pass
+
+        return lines
+
+    def eval(self, code: t.Union[str, CodeType], mode: str = "single") -> t.Any:
+        """Evaluate code in the context of the frame."""
+        if isinstance(code, str):
+            code = compile(code, "<interactive>", mode)
+        return eval(code, self.globals, self.locals)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def sourcelines(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        """The sourcecode of the file as list of strings."""
+        # get sourcecode from loader or file
+        source = None
+        if self.loader is not None:
+            try:
+                if hasattr(self.loader, "get_source"):
+                    source = self.loader.get_source(self.module)
+                elif hasattr(self.loader, "get_source_by_code"):
+                    source = self.loader.get_source_by_code(self.code)
+            except Exception:
+                # we munch the exception so that we don't cause troubles
+                # if the loader is broken.
+                pass
+
+        if source is None:
+            try:
+                with open(self.filename, mode="rb") as f:
+                    source = f.read()
+            except OSError:
+                return []
+
+        # already str?  return right away
+        if isinstance(source, str):
+            return source.splitlines()
+
+        charset = "utf-8"
+        if source.startswith(codecs.BOM_UTF8):
+            source = source[3:]
+        else:
+            for idx, match in enumerate(_line_re.finditer(source)):
+                coding_match = _coding_re.search(match.group())
+                if coding_match is not None:
+                    charset = coding_match.group(1).decode("utf-8")
+                    break
+                if idx > 1:
+                    break
+
+        # on broken cookies we fall back to utf-8 too
+        charset = _to_str(charset)
+        try:
+            codecs.lookup(charset)
+        except LookupError:
+            charset = "utf-8"
+
+        return source.decode(charset, "replace").splitlines()
+
+    def get_context_lines(
+        self, context: int = 5
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.List[str], str, t.List[str]]:
+        before = self.sourcelines[self.lineno - context - 1 : self.lineno - 1]
+        past = self.sourcelines[self.lineno : self.lineno + context]
+        return (before, self.current_line, past)
+
+    @property
+    def current_line(self) -> str:
+        try:
+            return self.sourcelines[self.lineno - 1]
+        except IndexError:
+            return ""
+
+    @cached_property
+    def console(self) -> Console:
+        return Console(self.globals, self.locals)
+
+    @property
+    def id(self) -> int:
+        return id(self)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/exceptions.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/exceptions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16c3964
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/exceptions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,943 @@
+"""Implements a number of Python exceptions which can be raised from within
+a view to trigger a standard HTTP non-200 response.
+
+Usage Example
+-------------
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from werkzeug.wrappers.request import Request
+    from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException, NotFound
+
+    def view(request):
+        raise NotFound()
+
+    @Request.application
+    def application(request):
+        try:
+            return view(request)
+        except HTTPException as e:
+            return e
+
+As you can see from this example those exceptions are callable WSGI
+applications. However, they are not Werkzeug response objects. You
+can get a response object by calling ``get_response()`` on a HTTP
+exception.
+
+Keep in mind that you may have to pass an environ (WSGI) or scope
+(ASGI) to ``get_response()`` because some errors fetch additional
+information relating to the request.
+
+If you want to hook in a different exception page to say, a 404 status
+code, you can add a second except for a specific subclass of an error:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    @Request.application
+    def application(request):
+        try:
+            return view(request)
+        except NotFound as e:
+            return not_found(request)
+        except HTTPException as e:
+            return e
+
+"""
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from datetime import datetime
+from html import escape
+
+from ._internal import _get_environ
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+    from .datastructures import WWWAuthenticate
+    from .sansio.response import Response
+    from .wrappers.response import Response as WSGIResponse  # noqa: F401
+
+
+class HTTPException(Exception):
+    """The base class for all HTTP exceptions. This exception can be called as a WSGI
+    application to render a default error page or you can catch the subclasses
+    of it independently and render nicer error messages.
+    """
+
+    code: t.Optional[int] = None
+    description: t.Optional[str] = None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        description: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        response: t.Optional["Response"] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        if description is not None:
+            self.description = description
+        self.response = response
+
+    @classmethod
+    def wrap(
+        cls, exception: t.Type[BaseException], name: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> t.Type["HTTPException"]:
+        """Create an exception that is a subclass of the calling HTTP
+        exception and the ``exception`` argument.
+
+        The first argument to the class will be passed to the
+        wrapped ``exception``, the rest to the HTTP exception. If
+        ``e.args`` is not empty and ``e.show_exception`` is ``True``,
+        the wrapped exception message is added to the HTTP error
+        description.
+
+        .. deprecated:: 2.0
+            Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Create a subclass manually
+            instead.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.15.5
+            The ``show_exception`` attribute controls whether the
+            description includes the wrapped exception message.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.15.0
+            The description includes the wrapped exception message.
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'HTTPException.wrap' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. Create a subclass manually instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+        class newcls(cls, exception):  # type: ignore
+            _description = cls.description
+            show_exception = False
+
+            def __init__(
+                self, arg: t.Optional[t.Any] = None, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+            ) -> None:
+                super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+                if arg is None:
+                    exception.__init__(self)
+                else:
+                    exception.__init__(self, arg)
+
+            @property
+            def description(self) -> str:
+                if self.show_exception:
+                    return (
+                        f"{self._description}\n"
+                        f"{exception.__name__}: {exception.__str__(self)}"
+                    )
+
+                return self._description  # type: ignore
+
+            @description.setter
+            def description(self, value: str) -> None:
+                self._description = value
+
+        newcls.__module__ = sys._getframe(1).f_globals["__name__"]
+        name = name or cls.__name__ + exception.__name__
+        newcls.__name__ = newcls.__qualname__ = name
+        return newcls
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """The status name."""
+        from .http import HTTP_STATUS_CODES
+
+        return HTTP_STATUS_CODES.get(self.code, "Unknown Error")  # type: ignore
+
+    def get_description(
+        self,
+        environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None,
+        scope: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Get the description."""
+        if self.description is None:
+            description = ""
+        elif not isinstance(self.description, str):
+            description = str(self.description)
+        else:
+            description = self.description
+
+        description = escape(description).replace("\n", "<br>")
+        return f"<p>{description}</p>"
+
+    def get_body(
+        self,
+        environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None,
+        scope: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Get the HTML body."""
+        return (
+            '<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">\n'
+            f"<title>{self.code} {escape(self.name)}</title>\n"
+            f"<h1>{escape(self.name)}</h1>\n"
+            f"{self.get_description(environ)}\n"
+        )
+
+    def get_headers(
+        self,
+        environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None,
+        scope: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+    ) -> t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        """Get a list of headers."""
+        return [("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")]
+
+    def get_response(
+        self,
+        environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None,
+        scope: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+    ) -> "Response":
+        """Get a response object.  If one was passed to the exception
+        it's returned directly.
+
+        :param environ: the optional environ for the request.  This
+                        can be used to modify the response depending
+                        on how the request looked like.
+        :return: a :class:`Response` object or a subclass thereof.
+        """
+        from .wrappers.response import Response as WSGIResponse  # noqa: F811
+
+        if self.response is not None:
+            return self.response
+        if environ is not None:
+            environ = _get_environ(environ)
+        headers = self.get_headers(environ, scope)
+        return WSGIResponse(self.get_body(environ, scope), self.code, headers)
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+    ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        """Call the exception as WSGI application.
+
+        :param environ: the WSGI environment.
+        :param start_response: the response callable provided by the WSGI
+                               server.
+        """
+        response = t.cast("WSGIResponse", self.get_response(environ))
+        return response(environ, start_response)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        code = self.code if self.code is not None else "???"
+        return f"{code} {self.name}: {self.description}"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        code = self.code if self.code is not None else "???"
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} '{code}: {self.name}'>"
+
+
+class BadRequest(HTTPException):
+    """*400* `Bad Request`
+
+    Raise if the browser sends something to the application the application
+    or server cannot handle.
+    """
+
+    code = 400
+    description = (
+        "The browser (or proxy) sent a request that this server could "
+        "not understand."
+    )
+
+
+class BadRequestKeyError(BadRequest, KeyError):
+    """An exception that is used to signal both a :exc:`KeyError` and a
+    :exc:`BadRequest`. Used by many of the datastructures.
+    """
+
+    _description = BadRequest.description
+    #: Show the KeyError along with the HTTP error message in the
+    #: response. This should be disabled in production, but can be
+    #: useful in a debug mode.
+    show_exception = False
+
+    def __init__(self, arg: t.Optional[str] = None, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any):
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        if arg is None:
+            KeyError.__init__(self)
+        else:
+            KeyError.__init__(self, arg)
+
+    @property  # type: ignore
+    def description(self) -> str:  # type: ignore
+        if self.show_exception:
+            return (
+                f"{self._description}\n"
+                f"{KeyError.__name__}: {KeyError.__str__(self)}"
+            )
+
+        return self._description
+
+    @description.setter
+    def description(self, value: str) -> None:
+        self._description = value
+
+
+class ClientDisconnected(BadRequest):
+    """Internal exception that is raised if Werkzeug detects a disconnected
+    client.  Since the client is already gone at that point attempting to
+    send the error message to the client might not work and might ultimately
+    result in another exception in the server.  Mainly this is here so that
+    it is silenced by default as far as Werkzeug is concerned.
+
+    Since disconnections cannot be reliably detected and are unspecified
+    by WSGI to a large extent this might or might not be raised if a client
+    is gone.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.8
+    """
+
+
+class SecurityError(BadRequest):
+    """Raised if something triggers a security error.  This is otherwise
+    exactly like a bad request error.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+
+
+class BadHost(BadRequest):
+    """Raised if the submitted host is badly formatted.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.11.2
+    """
+
+
+class Unauthorized(HTTPException):
+    """*401* ``Unauthorized``
+
+    Raise if the user is not authorized to access a resource.
+
+    The ``www_authenticate`` argument should be used to set the
+    ``WWW-Authenticate`` header. This is used for HTTP basic auth and
+    other schemes. Use :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.WWWAuthenticate`
+    to create correctly formatted values. Strictly speaking a 401
+    response is invalid if it doesn't provide at least one value for
+    this header, although real clients typically don't care.
+
+    :param description: Override the default message used for the body
+        of the response.
+    :param www-authenticate: A single value, or list of values, for the
+        WWW-Authenticate header(s).
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Serialize multiple ``www_authenticate`` items into multiple
+        ``WWW-Authenticate`` headers, rather than joining them
+        into a single value, for better interoperability.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15.3
+        If the ``www_authenticate`` argument is not set, the
+        ``WWW-Authenticate`` header is not set.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15.3
+        The ``response`` argument was restored.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15.1
+        ``description`` was moved back as the first argument, restoring
+         its previous position.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15.0
+        ``www_authenticate`` was added as the first argument, ahead of
+        ``description``.
+    """
+
+    code = 401
+    description = (
+        "The server could not verify that you are authorized to access"
+        " the URL requested. You either supplied the wrong credentials"
+        " (e.g. a bad password), or your browser doesn't understand"
+        " how to supply the credentials required."
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        description: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        response: t.Optional["Response"] = None,
+        www_authenticate: t.Optional[
+            t.Union["WWWAuthenticate", t.Iterable["WWWAuthenticate"]]
+        ] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(description, response)
+
+        from .datastructures import WWWAuthenticate
+
+        if isinstance(www_authenticate, WWWAuthenticate):
+            www_authenticate = (www_authenticate,)
+
+        self.www_authenticate = www_authenticate
+
+    def get_headers(
+        self,
+        environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None,
+        scope: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+    ) -> t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        headers = super().get_headers(environ, scope)
+        if self.www_authenticate:
+            headers.extend(("WWW-Authenticate", str(x)) for x in self.www_authenticate)
+        return headers
+
+
+class Forbidden(HTTPException):
+    """*403* `Forbidden`
+
+    Raise if the user doesn't have the permission for the requested resource
+    but was authenticated.
+    """
+
+    code = 403
+    description = (
+        "You don't have the permission to access the requested"
+        " resource. It is either read-protected or not readable by the"
+        " server."
+    )
+
+
+class NotFound(HTTPException):
+    """*404* `Not Found`
+
+    Raise if a resource does not exist and never existed.
+    """
+
+    code = 404
+    description = (
+        "The requested URL was not found on the server. If you entered"
+        " the URL manually please check your spelling and try again."
+    )
+
+
+class MethodNotAllowed(HTTPException):
+    """*405* `Method Not Allowed`
+
+    Raise if the server used a method the resource does not handle.  For
+    example `POST` if the resource is view only.  Especially useful for REST.
+
+    The first argument for this exception should be a list of allowed methods.
+    Strictly speaking the response would be invalid if you don't provide valid
+    methods in the header which you can do with that list.
+    """
+
+    code = 405
+    description = "The method is not allowed for the requested URL."
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        valid_methods: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+        description: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        response: t.Optional["Response"] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Takes an optional list of valid http methods
+        starting with werkzeug 0.3 the list will be mandatory."""
+        super().__init__(description=description, response=response)
+        self.valid_methods = valid_methods
+
+    def get_headers(
+        self,
+        environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None,
+        scope: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+    ) -> t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        headers = super().get_headers(environ, scope)
+        if self.valid_methods:
+            headers.append(("Allow", ", ".join(self.valid_methods)))
+        return headers
+
+
+class NotAcceptable(HTTPException):
+    """*406* `Not Acceptable`
+
+    Raise if the server can't return any content conforming to the
+    `Accept` headers of the client.
+    """
+
+    code = 406
+    description = (
+        "The resource identified by the request is only capable of"
+        " generating response entities which have content"
+        " characteristics not acceptable according to the accept"
+        " headers sent in the request."
+    )
+
+
+class RequestTimeout(HTTPException):
+    """*408* `Request Timeout`
+
+    Raise to signalize a timeout.
+    """
+
+    code = 408
+    description = (
+        "The server closed the network connection because the browser"
+        " didn't finish the request within the specified time."
+    )
+
+
+class Conflict(HTTPException):
+    """*409* `Conflict`
+
+    Raise to signal that a request cannot be completed because it conflicts
+    with the current state on the server.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+
+    code = 409
+    description = (
+        "A conflict happened while processing the request. The"
+        " resource might have been modified while the request was being"
+        " processed."
+    )
+
+
+class Gone(HTTPException):
+    """*410* `Gone`
+
+    Raise if a resource existed previously and went away without new location.
+    """
+
+    code = 410
+    description = (
+        "The requested URL is no longer available on this server and"
+        " there is no forwarding address. If you followed a link from a"
+        " foreign page, please contact the author of this page."
+    )
+
+
+class LengthRequired(HTTPException):
+    """*411* `Length Required`
+
+    Raise if the browser submitted data but no ``Content-Length`` header which
+    is required for the kind of processing the server does.
+    """
+
+    code = 411
+    description = (
+        "A request with this method requires a valid <code>Content-"
+        "Length</code> header."
+    )
+
+
+class PreconditionFailed(HTTPException):
+    """*412* `Precondition Failed`
+
+    Status code used in combination with ``If-Match``, ``If-None-Match``, or
+    ``If-Unmodified-Since``.
+    """
+
+    code = 412
+    description = (
+        "The precondition on the request for the URL failed positive evaluation."
+    )
+
+
+class RequestEntityTooLarge(HTTPException):
+    """*413* `Request Entity Too Large`
+
+    The status code one should return if the data submitted exceeded a given
+    limit.
+    """
+
+    code = 413
+    description = "The data value transmitted exceeds the capacity limit."
+
+
+class RequestURITooLarge(HTTPException):
+    """*414* `Request URI Too Large`
+
+    Like *413* but for too long URLs.
+    """
+
+    code = 414
+    description = (
+        "The length of the requested URL exceeds the capacity limit for"
+        " this server. The request cannot be processed."
+    )
+
+
+class UnsupportedMediaType(HTTPException):
+    """*415* `Unsupported Media Type`
+
+    The status code returned if the server is unable to handle the media type
+    the client transmitted.
+    """
+
+    code = 415
+    description = (
+        "The server does not support the media type transmitted in the request."
+    )
+
+
+class RequestedRangeNotSatisfiable(HTTPException):
+    """*416* `Requested Range Not Satisfiable`
+
+    The client asked for an invalid part of the file.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+
+    code = 416
+    description = "The server cannot provide the requested range."
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        units: str = "bytes",
+        description: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        response: t.Optional["Response"] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Takes an optional `Content-Range` header value based on ``length``
+        parameter.
+        """
+        super().__init__(description=description, response=response)
+        self.length = length
+        self.units = units
+
+    def get_headers(
+        self,
+        environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None,
+        scope: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+    ) -> t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        headers = super().get_headers(environ, scope)
+        if self.length is not None:
+            headers.append(("Content-Range", f"{self.units} */{self.length}"))
+        return headers
+
+
+class ExpectationFailed(HTTPException):
+    """*417* `Expectation Failed`
+
+    The server cannot meet the requirements of the Expect request-header.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+
+    code = 417
+    description = "The server could not meet the requirements of the Expect header"
+
+
+class ImATeapot(HTTPException):
+    """*418* `I'm a teapot`
+
+    The server should return this if it is a teapot and someone attempted
+    to brew coffee with it.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+
+    code = 418
+    description = "This server is a teapot, not a coffee machine"
+
+
+class UnprocessableEntity(HTTPException):
+    """*422* `Unprocessable Entity`
+
+    Used if the request is well formed, but the instructions are otherwise
+    incorrect.
+    """
+
+    code = 422
+    description = (
+        "The request was well-formed but was unable to be followed due"
+        " to semantic errors."
+    )
+
+
+class Locked(HTTPException):
+    """*423* `Locked`
+
+    Used if the resource that is being accessed is locked.
+    """
+
+    code = 423
+    description = "The resource that is being accessed is locked."
+
+
+class FailedDependency(HTTPException):
+    """*424* `Failed Dependency`
+
+    Used if the method could not be performed on the resource
+    because the requested action depended on another action and that action failed.
+    """
+
+    code = 424
+    description = (
+        "The method could not be performed on the resource because the"
+        " requested action depended on another action and that action"
+        " failed."
+    )
+
+
+class PreconditionRequired(HTTPException):
+    """*428* `Precondition Required`
+
+    The server requires this request to be conditional, typically to prevent
+    the lost update problem, which is a race condition between two or more
+    clients attempting to update a resource through PUT or DELETE. By requiring
+    each client to include a conditional header ("If-Match" or "If-Unmodified-
+    Since") with the proper value retained from a recent GET request, the
+    server ensures that each client has at least seen the previous revision of
+    the resource.
+    """
+
+    code = 428
+    description = (
+        "This request is required to be conditional; try using"
+        ' "If-Match" or "If-Unmodified-Since".'
+    )
+
+
+class _RetryAfter(HTTPException):
+    """Adds an optional ``retry_after`` parameter which will set the
+    ``Retry-After`` header. May be an :class:`int` number of seconds or
+    a :class:`~datetime.datetime`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        description: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        response: t.Optional["Response"] = None,
+        retry_after: t.Optional[t.Union[datetime, int]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(description, response)
+        self.retry_after = retry_after
+
+    def get_headers(
+        self,
+        environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None,
+        scope: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+    ) -> t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        headers = super().get_headers(environ, scope)
+
+        if self.retry_after:
+            if isinstance(self.retry_after, datetime):
+                from .http import http_date
+
+                value = http_date(self.retry_after)
+            else:
+                value = str(self.retry_after)
+
+            headers.append(("Retry-After", value))
+
+        return headers
+
+
+class TooManyRequests(_RetryAfter):
+    """*429* `Too Many Requests`
+
+    The server is limiting the rate at which this user receives
+    responses, and this request exceeds that rate. (The server may use
+    any convenient method to identify users and their request rates).
+    The server may include a "Retry-After" header to indicate how long
+    the user should wait before retrying.
+
+    :param retry_after: If given, set the ``Retry-After`` header to this
+        value. May be an :class:`int` number of seconds or a
+        :class:`~datetime.datetime`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+        Added ``retry_after`` parameter.
+    """
+
+    code = 429
+    description = "This user has exceeded an allotted request count. Try again later."
+
+
+class RequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge(HTTPException):
+    """*431* `Request Header Fields Too Large`
+
+    The server refuses to process the request because the header fields are too
+    large. One or more individual fields may be too large, or the set of all
+    headers is too large.
+    """
+
+    code = 431
+    description = "One or more header fields exceeds the maximum size."
+
+
+class UnavailableForLegalReasons(HTTPException):
+    """*451* `Unavailable For Legal Reasons`
+
+    This status code indicates that the server is denying access to the
+    resource as a consequence of a legal demand.
+    """
+
+    code = 451
+    description = "Unavailable for legal reasons."
+
+
+class InternalServerError(HTTPException):
+    """*500* `Internal Server Error`
+
+    Raise if an internal server error occurred.  This is a good fallback if an
+    unknown error occurred in the dispatcher.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
+        Added the :attr:`original_exception` attribute.
+    """
+
+    code = 500
+    description = (
+        "The server encountered an internal error and was unable to"
+        " complete your request. Either the server is overloaded or"
+        " there is an error in the application."
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        description: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        response: t.Optional["Response"] = None,
+        original_exception: t.Optional[BaseException] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        #: The original exception that caused this 500 error. Can be
+        #: used by frameworks to provide context when handling
+        #: unexpected errors.
+        self.original_exception = original_exception
+        super().__init__(description=description, response=response)
+
+
+class NotImplemented(HTTPException):
+    """*501* `Not Implemented`
+
+    Raise if the application does not support the action requested by the
+    browser.
+    """
+
+    code = 501
+    description = "The server does not support the action requested by the browser."
+
+
+class BadGateway(HTTPException):
+    """*502* `Bad Gateway`
+
+    If you do proxying in your application you should return this status code
+    if you received an invalid response from the upstream server it accessed
+    in attempting to fulfill the request.
+    """
+
+    code = 502
+    description = (
+        "The proxy server received an invalid response from an upstream server."
+    )
+
+
+class ServiceUnavailable(_RetryAfter):
+    """*503* `Service Unavailable`
+
+    Status code you should return if a service is temporarily
+    unavailable.
+
+    :param retry_after: If given, set the ``Retry-After`` header to this
+        value. May be an :class:`int` number of seconds or a
+        :class:`~datetime.datetime`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+        Added ``retry_after`` parameter.
+    """
+
+    code = 503
+    description = (
+        "The server is temporarily unable to service your request due"
+        " to maintenance downtime or capacity problems. Please try"
+        " again later."
+    )
+
+
+class GatewayTimeout(HTTPException):
+    """*504* `Gateway Timeout`
+
+    Status code you should return if a connection to an upstream server
+    times out.
+    """
+
+    code = 504
+    description = "The connection to an upstream server timed out."
+
+
+class HTTPVersionNotSupported(HTTPException):
+    """*505* `HTTP Version Not Supported`
+
+    The server does not support the HTTP protocol version used in the request.
+    """
+
+    code = 505
+    description = (
+        "The server does not support the HTTP protocol version used in the request."
+    )
+
+
+default_exceptions: t.Dict[int, t.Type[HTTPException]] = {}
+
+
+def _find_exceptions() -> None:
+    for obj in globals().values():
+        try:
+            is_http_exception = issubclass(obj, HTTPException)
+        except TypeError:
+            is_http_exception = False
+        if not is_http_exception or obj.code is None:
+            continue
+        old_obj = default_exceptions.get(obj.code, None)
+        if old_obj is not None and issubclass(obj, old_obj):
+            continue
+        default_exceptions[obj.code] = obj
+
+
+_find_exceptions()
+del _find_exceptions
+
+
+class Aborter:
+    """When passed a dict of code -> exception items it can be used as
+    callable that raises exceptions.  If the first argument to the
+    callable is an integer it will be looked up in the mapping, if it's
+    a WSGI application it will be raised in a proxy exception.
+
+    The rest of the arguments are forwarded to the exception constructor.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        mapping: t.Optional[t.Dict[int, t.Type[HTTPException]]] = None,
+        extra: t.Optional[t.Dict[int, t.Type[HTTPException]]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if mapping is None:
+            mapping = default_exceptions
+        self.mapping = dict(mapping)
+        if extra is not None:
+            self.mapping.update(extra)
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, code: t.Union[int, "Response"], *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        from .sansio.response import Response
+
+        if isinstance(code, Response):
+            raise HTTPException(response=code)
+
+        if code not in self.mapping:
+            raise LookupError(f"no exception for {code!r}")
+
+        raise self.mapping[code](*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def abort(
+    status: t.Union[int, "Response"], *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+) -> "te.NoReturn":
+    """Raises an :py:exc:`HTTPException` for the given status code or WSGI
+    application.
+
+    If a status code is given, it will be looked up in the list of
+    exceptions and will raise that exception.  If passed a WSGI application,
+    it will wrap it in a proxy WSGI exception and raise that::
+
+       abort(404)  # 404 Not Found
+       abort(Response('Hello World'))
+
+    """
+    _aborter(status, *args, **kwargs)
+
+
+_aborter: Aborter = Aborter()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/filesystem.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/filesystem.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36a3d12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/filesystem.py
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import codecs
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+# We do not trust traditional unixes.
+has_likely_buggy_unicode_filesystem = (
+    sys.platform.startswith("linux") or "bsd" in sys.platform
+)
+
+
+def _is_ascii_encoding(encoding: t.Optional[str]) -> bool:
+    """Given an encoding this figures out if the encoding is actually ASCII (which
+    is something we don't actually want in most cases). This is necessary
+    because ASCII comes under many names such as ANSI_X3.4-1968.
+    """
+    if encoding is None:
+        return False
+    try:
+        return codecs.lookup(encoding).name == "ascii"
+    except LookupError:
+        return False
+
+
+class BrokenFilesystemWarning(RuntimeWarning, UnicodeWarning):
+    """The warning used by Werkzeug to signal a broken filesystem. Will only be
+    used once per runtime."""
+
+
+_warned_about_filesystem_encoding = False
+
+
+def get_filesystem_encoding() -> str:
+    """Returns the filesystem encoding that should be used. Note that this is
+    different from the Python understanding of the filesystem encoding which
+    might be deeply flawed. Do not use this value against Python's string APIs
+    because it might be different. See :ref:`filesystem-encoding` for the exact
+    behavior.
+
+    The concept of a filesystem encoding in generally is not something you
+    should rely on. As such if you ever need to use this function except for
+    writing wrapper code reconsider.
+    """
+    global _warned_about_filesystem_encoding
+    rv = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+    if has_likely_buggy_unicode_filesystem and not rv or _is_ascii_encoding(rv):
+        if not _warned_about_filesystem_encoding:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Detected a misconfigured UNIX filesystem: Will use"
+                f" UTF-8 as filesystem encoding instead of {rv!r}",
+                BrokenFilesystemWarning,
+            )
+            _warned_about_filesystem_encoding = True
+        return "utf-8"
+    return rv
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/formparser.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/formparser.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cb758f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/formparser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from io import BytesIO
+from itertools import chain
+from typing import Union
+
+from . import exceptions
+from ._internal import _to_str
+from .datastructures import FileStorage
+from .datastructures import Headers
+from .datastructures import MultiDict
+from .http import parse_options_header
+from .sansio.multipart import Data
+from .sansio.multipart import Epilogue
+from .sansio.multipart import Field
+from .sansio.multipart import File
+from .sansio.multipart import MultipartDecoder
+from .sansio.multipart import NeedData
+from .urls import url_decode_stream
+from .wsgi import _make_chunk_iter
+from .wsgi import get_content_length
+from .wsgi import get_input_stream
+
+# there are some platforms where SpooledTemporaryFile is not available.
+# In that case we need to provide a fallback.
+try:
+    from tempfile import SpooledTemporaryFile
+except ImportError:
+    from tempfile import TemporaryFile
+
+    SpooledTemporaryFile = None  # type: ignore
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing as te
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+    t_parse_result = t.Tuple[t.IO[bytes], MultiDict, MultiDict]
+
+    class TStreamFactory(te.Protocol):
+        def __call__(
+            self,
+            total_content_length: t.Optional[int],
+            content_type: t.Optional[str],
+            filename: t.Optional[str],
+            content_length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        ) -> t.IO[bytes]:
+            ...
+
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+
+
+def _exhaust(stream: t.IO[bytes]) -> None:
+    bts = stream.read(64 * 1024)
+    while bts:
+        bts = stream.read(64 * 1024)
+
+
+def default_stream_factory(
+    total_content_length: t.Optional[int],
+    content_type: t.Optional[str],
+    filename: t.Optional[str],
+    content_length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+) -> t.IO[bytes]:
+    max_size = 1024 * 500
+
+    if SpooledTemporaryFile is not None:
+        return t.cast(t.IO[bytes], SpooledTemporaryFile(max_size=max_size, mode="rb+"))
+    elif total_content_length is None or total_content_length > max_size:
+        return t.cast(t.IO[bytes], TemporaryFile("rb+"))
+
+    return BytesIO()
+
+
+def parse_form_data(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+    stream_factory: t.Optional["TStreamFactory"] = None,
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    errors: str = "replace",
+    max_form_memory_size: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    max_content_length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    cls: t.Optional[t.Type[MultiDict]] = None,
+    silent: bool = True,
+) -> "t_parse_result":
+    """Parse the form data in the environ and return it as tuple in the form
+    ``(stream, form, files)``.  You should only call this method if the
+    transport method is `POST`, `PUT`, or `PATCH`.
+
+    If the mimetype of the data transmitted is `multipart/form-data` the
+    files multidict will be filled with `FileStorage` objects.  If the
+    mimetype is unknown the input stream is wrapped and returned as first
+    argument, else the stream is empty.
+
+    This is a shortcut for the common usage of :class:`FormDataParser`.
+
+    Have a look at :doc:`/request_data` for more details.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+       The `max_form_memory_size`, `max_content_length` and
+       `cls` parameters were added.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5.1
+       The optional `silent` flag was added.
+
+    :param environ: the WSGI environment to be used for parsing.
+    :param stream_factory: An optional callable that returns a new read and
+                           writeable file descriptor.  This callable works
+                           the same as :meth:`Response._get_file_stream`.
+    :param charset: The character set for URL and url encoded form data.
+    :param errors: The encoding error behavior.
+    :param max_form_memory_size: the maximum number of bytes to be accepted for
+                           in-memory stored form data.  If the data
+                           exceeds the value specified an
+                           :exc:`~exceptions.RequestEntityTooLarge`
+                           exception is raised.
+    :param max_content_length: If this is provided and the transmitted data
+                               is longer than this value an
+                               :exc:`~exceptions.RequestEntityTooLarge`
+                               exception is raised.
+    :param cls: an optional dict class to use.  If this is not specified
+                       or `None` the default :class:`MultiDict` is used.
+    :param silent: If set to False parsing errors will not be caught.
+    :return: A tuple in the form ``(stream, form, files)``.
+    """
+    return FormDataParser(
+        stream_factory,
+        charset,
+        errors,
+        max_form_memory_size,
+        max_content_length,
+        cls,
+        silent,
+    ).parse_from_environ(environ)
+
+
+def exhaust_stream(f: F) -> F:
+    """Helper decorator for methods that exhausts the stream on return."""
+
+    def wrapper(self, stream, *args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore
+        try:
+            return f(self, stream, *args, **kwargs)
+        finally:
+            exhaust = getattr(stream, "exhaust", None)
+
+            if exhaust is not None:
+                exhaust()
+            else:
+                while True:
+                    chunk = stream.read(1024 * 64)
+
+                    if not chunk:
+                        break
+
+    return update_wrapper(t.cast(F, wrapper), f)
+
+
+class FormDataParser:
+    """This class implements parsing of form data for Werkzeug.  By itself
+    it can parse multipart and url encoded form data.  It can be subclassed
+    and extended but for most mimetypes it is a better idea to use the
+    untouched stream and expose it as separate attributes on a request
+    object.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.8
+
+    :param stream_factory: An optional callable that returns a new read and
+                           writeable file descriptor.  This callable works
+                           the same as :meth:`Response._get_file_stream`.
+    :param charset: The character set for URL and url encoded form data.
+    :param errors: The encoding error behavior.
+    :param max_form_memory_size: the maximum number of bytes to be accepted for
+                           in-memory stored form data.  If the data
+                           exceeds the value specified an
+                           :exc:`~exceptions.RequestEntityTooLarge`
+                           exception is raised.
+    :param max_content_length: If this is provided and the transmitted data
+                               is longer than this value an
+                               :exc:`~exceptions.RequestEntityTooLarge`
+                               exception is raised.
+    :param cls: an optional dict class to use.  If this is not specified
+                       or `None` the default :class:`MultiDict` is used.
+    :param silent: If set to False parsing errors will not be caught.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        stream_factory: t.Optional["TStreamFactory"] = None,
+        charset: str = "utf-8",
+        errors: str = "replace",
+        max_form_memory_size: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        max_content_length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        cls: t.Optional[t.Type[MultiDict]] = None,
+        silent: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        if stream_factory is None:
+            stream_factory = default_stream_factory
+
+        self.stream_factory = stream_factory
+        self.charset = charset
+        self.errors = errors
+        self.max_form_memory_size = max_form_memory_size
+        self.max_content_length = max_content_length
+
+        if cls is None:
+            cls = MultiDict
+
+        self.cls = cls
+        self.silent = silent
+
+    def get_parse_func(
+        self, mimetype: str, options: t.Dict[str, str]
+    ) -> t.Optional[
+        t.Callable[
+            ["FormDataParser", t.IO[bytes], str, t.Optional[int], t.Dict[str, str]],
+            "t_parse_result",
+        ]
+    ]:
+        return self.parse_functions.get(mimetype)
+
+    def parse_from_environ(self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment") -> "t_parse_result":
+        """Parses the information from the environment as form data.
+
+        :param environ: the WSGI environment to be used for parsing.
+        :return: A tuple in the form ``(stream, form, files)``.
+        """
+        content_type = environ.get("CONTENT_TYPE", "")
+        content_length = get_content_length(environ)
+        mimetype, options = parse_options_header(content_type)
+        return self.parse(get_input_stream(environ), mimetype, content_length, options)
+
+    def parse(
+        self,
+        stream: t.IO[bytes],
+        mimetype: str,
+        content_length: t.Optional[int],
+        options: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, str]] = None,
+    ) -> "t_parse_result":
+        """Parses the information from the given stream, mimetype,
+        content length and mimetype parameters.
+
+        :param stream: an input stream
+        :param mimetype: the mimetype of the data
+        :param content_length: the content length of the incoming data
+        :param options: optional mimetype parameters (used for
+                        the multipart boundary for instance)
+        :return: A tuple in the form ``(stream, form, files)``.
+        """
+        if (
+            self.max_content_length is not None
+            and content_length is not None
+            and content_length > self.max_content_length
+        ):
+            # if the input stream is not exhausted, firefox reports Connection Reset
+            _exhaust(stream)
+            raise exceptions.RequestEntityTooLarge()
+
+        if options is None:
+            options = {}
+
+        parse_func = self.get_parse_func(mimetype, options)
+
+        if parse_func is not None:
+            try:
+                return parse_func(self, stream, mimetype, content_length, options)
+            except ValueError:
+                if not self.silent:
+                    raise
+
+        return stream, self.cls(), self.cls()
+
+    @exhaust_stream
+    def _parse_multipart(
+        self,
+        stream: t.IO[bytes],
+        mimetype: str,
+        content_length: t.Optional[int],
+        options: t.Dict[str, str],
+    ) -> "t_parse_result":
+        parser = MultiPartParser(
+            self.stream_factory,
+            self.charset,
+            self.errors,
+            max_form_memory_size=self.max_form_memory_size,
+            cls=self.cls,
+        )
+        boundary = options.get("boundary", "").encode("ascii")
+
+        if not boundary:
+            raise ValueError("Missing boundary")
+
+        form, files = parser.parse(stream, boundary, content_length)
+        return stream, form, files
+
+    @exhaust_stream
+    def _parse_urlencoded(
+        self,
+        stream: t.IO[bytes],
+        mimetype: str,
+        content_length: t.Optional[int],
+        options: t.Dict[str, str],
+    ) -> "t_parse_result":
+        if (
+            self.max_form_memory_size is not None
+            and content_length is not None
+            and content_length > self.max_form_memory_size
+        ):
+            # if the input stream is not exhausted, firefox reports Connection Reset
+            _exhaust(stream)
+            raise exceptions.RequestEntityTooLarge()
+
+        form = url_decode_stream(stream, self.charset, errors=self.errors, cls=self.cls)
+        return stream, form, self.cls()
+
+    #: mapping of mimetypes to parsing functions
+    parse_functions: t.Dict[
+        str,
+        t.Callable[
+            ["FormDataParser", t.IO[bytes], str, t.Optional[int], t.Dict[str, str]],
+            "t_parse_result",
+        ],
+    ] = {
+        "multipart/form-data": _parse_multipart,
+        "application/x-www-form-urlencoded": _parse_urlencoded,
+        "application/x-url-encoded": _parse_urlencoded,
+    }
+
+
+def _line_parse(line: str) -> t.Tuple[str, bool]:
+    """Removes line ending characters and returns a tuple (`stripped_line`,
+    `is_terminated`).
+    """
+    if line[-2:] == "\r\n":
+        return line[:-2], True
+
+    elif line[-1:] in {"\r", "\n"}:
+        return line[:-1], True
+
+    return line, False
+
+
+def parse_multipart_headers(iterable: t.Iterable[bytes]) -> Headers:
+    """Parses multipart headers from an iterable that yields lines (including
+    the trailing newline symbol).  The iterable has to be newline terminated.
+    The iterable will stop at the line where the headers ended so it can be
+    further consumed.
+    :param iterable: iterable of strings that are newline terminated
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'parse_multipart_headers' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+        " Werkzeug 2.1.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    result: t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]] = []
+
+    for b_line in iterable:
+        line = _to_str(b_line)
+        line, line_terminated = _line_parse(line)
+
+        if not line_terminated:
+            raise ValueError("unexpected end of line in multipart header")
+
+        if not line:
+            break
+        elif line[0] in " \t" and result:
+            key, value = result[-1]
+            result[-1] = (key, f"{value}\n {line[1:]}")
+        else:
+            parts = line.split(":", 1)
+
+            if len(parts) == 2:
+                result.append((parts[0].strip(), parts[1].strip()))
+
+    # we link the list to the headers, no need to create a copy, the
+    # list was not shared anyways.
+    return Headers(result)
+
+
+class MultiPartParser:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        stream_factory: t.Optional["TStreamFactory"] = None,
+        charset: str = "utf-8",
+        errors: str = "replace",
+        max_form_memory_size: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        cls: t.Optional[t.Type[MultiDict]] = None,
+        buffer_size: int = 64 * 1024,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.charset = charset
+        self.errors = errors
+        self.max_form_memory_size = max_form_memory_size
+
+        if stream_factory is None:
+            stream_factory = default_stream_factory
+
+        self.stream_factory = stream_factory
+
+        if cls is None:
+            cls = MultiDict
+
+        self.cls = cls
+
+        self.buffer_size = buffer_size
+
+    def fail(self, message: str) -> "te.NoReturn":
+        raise ValueError(message)
+
+    def get_part_charset(self, headers: Headers) -> str:
+        # Figure out input charset for current part
+        content_type = headers.get("content-type")
+
+        if content_type:
+            mimetype, ct_params = parse_options_header(content_type)
+            return ct_params.get("charset", self.charset)
+
+        return self.charset
+
+    def start_file_streaming(
+        self, event: File, total_content_length: t.Optional[int]
+    ) -> t.IO[bytes]:
+        content_type = event.headers.get("content-type")
+
+        try:
+            content_length = int(event.headers["content-length"])
+        except (KeyError, ValueError):
+            content_length = 0
+
+        container = self.stream_factory(
+            total_content_length=total_content_length,
+            filename=event.filename,
+            content_type=content_type,
+            content_length=content_length,
+        )
+        return container
+
+    def parse(
+        self, stream: t.IO[bytes], boundary: bytes, content_length: t.Optional[int]
+    ) -> t.Tuple[MultiDict, MultiDict]:
+        container: t.Union[t.IO[bytes], t.List[bytes]]
+        _write: t.Callable[[bytes], t.Any]
+
+        iterator = chain(
+            _make_chunk_iter(
+                stream,
+                limit=content_length,
+                buffer_size=self.buffer_size,
+            ),
+            [None],
+        )
+
+        parser = MultipartDecoder(boundary, self.max_form_memory_size)
+
+        fields = []
+        files = []
+
+        current_part: Union[Field, File]
+        for data in iterator:
+            parser.receive_data(data)
+            event = parser.next_event()
+            while not isinstance(event, (Epilogue, NeedData)):
+                if isinstance(event, Field):
+                    current_part = event
+                    container = []
+                    _write = container.append
+                elif isinstance(event, File):
+                    current_part = event
+                    container = self.start_file_streaming(event, content_length)
+                    _write = container.write
+                elif isinstance(event, Data):
+                    _write(event.data)
+                    if not event.more_data:
+                        if isinstance(current_part, Field):
+                            value = b"".join(container).decode(
+                                self.get_part_charset(current_part.headers), self.errors
+                            )
+                            fields.append((current_part.name, value))
+                        else:
+                            container = t.cast(t.IO[bytes], container)
+                            container.seek(0)
+                            files.append(
+                                (
+                                    current_part.name,
+                                    FileStorage(
+                                        container,
+                                        current_part.filename,
+                                        current_part.name,
+                                        headers=current_part.headers,
+                                    ),
+                                )
+                            )
+
+                event = parser.next_event()
+
+        return self.cls(fields), self.cls(files)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/http.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/http.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca48fe2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/http.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1388 @@
+import base64
+import email.utils
+import re
+import typing
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from datetime import date
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import time
+from datetime import timedelta
+from datetime import timezone
+from enum import Enum
+from hashlib import sha1
+from time import mktime
+from time import struct_time
+from urllib.parse import unquote_to_bytes as _unquote
+from urllib.request import parse_http_list as _parse_list_header
+
+from ._internal import _cookie_parse_impl
+from ._internal import _cookie_quote
+from ._internal import _make_cookie_domain
+from ._internal import _to_bytes
+from ._internal import _to_str
+from ._internal import _wsgi_decoding_dance
+from werkzeug._internal import _dt_as_utc
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+# for explanation of "media-range", etc. see Sections 5.3.{1,2} of RFC 7231
+_accept_re = re.compile(
+    r"""
+    (                       # media-range capturing-parenthesis
+      [^\s;,]+              # type/subtype
+      (?:[ \t]*;[ \t]*      # ";"
+        (?:                 # parameter non-capturing-parenthesis
+          [^\s;,q][^\s;,]*  # token that doesn't start with "q"
+        |                   # or
+          q[^\s;,=][^\s;,]* # token that is more than just "q"
+        )
+      )*                    # zero or more parameters
+    )                       # end of media-range
+    (?:[ \t]*;[ \t]*q=      # weight is a "q" parameter
+      (\d*(?:\.\d+)?)       # qvalue capturing-parentheses
+      [^,]*                 # "extension" accept params: who cares?
+    )?                      # accept params are optional
+    """,
+    re.VERBOSE,
+)
+_token_chars = frozenset(
+    "!#$%&'*+-.0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz|~"
+)
+_etag_re = re.compile(r'([Ww]/)?(?:"(.*?)"|(.*?))(?:\s*,\s*|$)')
+_option_header_piece_re = re.compile(
+    r"""
+    ;\s*,?\s*  # newlines were replaced with commas
+    (?P<key>
+        "[^"\\]*(?:\\.[^"\\]*)*"  # quoted string
+    |
+        [^\s;,=*]+  # token
+    )
+    (?:\*(?P<count>\d+))?  # *1, optional continuation index
+    \s*
+    (?:  # optionally followed by =value
+        (?:  # equals sign, possibly with encoding
+            \*\s*=\s*  # * indicates extended notation
+            (?:  # optional encoding
+                (?P<encoding>[^\s]+?)
+                '(?P<language>[^\s]*?)'
+            )?
+        |
+            =\s*  # basic notation
+        )
+        (?P<value>
+            "[^"\\]*(?:\\.[^"\\]*)*"  # quoted string
+        |
+            [^;,]+  # token
+        )?
+    )?
+    \s*
+    """,
+    flags=re.VERBOSE,
+)
+_option_header_start_mime_type = re.compile(r",\s*([^;,\s]+)([;,]\s*.+)?")
+_entity_headers = frozenset(
+    [
+        "allow",
+        "content-encoding",
+        "content-language",
+        "content-length",
+        "content-location",
+        "content-md5",
+        "content-range",
+        "content-type",
+        "expires",
+        "last-modified",
+    ]
+)
+_hop_by_hop_headers = frozenset(
+    [
+        "connection",
+        "keep-alive",
+        "proxy-authenticate",
+        "proxy-authorization",
+        "te",
+        "trailer",
+        "transfer-encoding",
+        "upgrade",
+    ]
+)
+HTTP_STATUS_CODES = {
+    100: "Continue",
+    101: "Switching Protocols",
+    102: "Processing",
+    103: "Early Hints",  # see RFC 8297
+    200: "OK",
+    201: "Created",
+    202: "Accepted",
+    203: "Non Authoritative Information",
+    204: "No Content",
+    205: "Reset Content",
+    206: "Partial Content",
+    207: "Multi Status",
+    208: "Already Reported",  # see RFC 5842
+    226: "IM Used",  # see RFC 3229
+    300: "Multiple Choices",
+    301: "Moved Permanently",
+    302: "Found",
+    303: "See Other",
+    304: "Not Modified",
+    305: "Use Proxy",
+    306: "Switch Proxy",  # unused
+    307: "Temporary Redirect",
+    308: "Permanent Redirect",
+    400: "Bad Request",
+    401: "Unauthorized",
+    402: "Payment Required",  # unused
+    403: "Forbidden",
+    404: "Not Found",
+    405: "Method Not Allowed",
+    406: "Not Acceptable",
+    407: "Proxy Authentication Required",
+    408: "Request Timeout",
+    409: "Conflict",
+    410: "Gone",
+    411: "Length Required",
+    412: "Precondition Failed",
+    413: "Request Entity Too Large",
+    414: "Request URI Too Long",
+    415: "Unsupported Media Type",
+    416: "Requested Range Not Satisfiable",
+    417: "Expectation Failed",
+    418: "I'm a teapot",  # see RFC 2324
+    421: "Misdirected Request",  # see RFC 7540
+    422: "Unprocessable Entity",
+    423: "Locked",
+    424: "Failed Dependency",
+    425: "Too Early",  # see RFC 8470
+    426: "Upgrade Required",
+    428: "Precondition Required",  # see RFC 6585
+    429: "Too Many Requests",
+    431: "Request Header Fields Too Large",
+    449: "Retry With",  # proprietary MS extension
+    451: "Unavailable For Legal Reasons",
+    500: "Internal Server Error",
+    501: "Not Implemented",
+    502: "Bad Gateway",
+    503: "Service Unavailable",
+    504: "Gateway Timeout",
+    505: "HTTP Version Not Supported",
+    506: "Variant Also Negotiates",  # see RFC 2295
+    507: "Insufficient Storage",
+    508: "Loop Detected",  # see RFC 5842
+    510: "Not Extended",
+    511: "Network Authentication Failed",
+}
+
+
+class COEP(Enum):
+    """Cross Origin Embedder Policies"""
+
+    UNSAFE_NONE = "unsafe-none"
+    REQUIRE_CORP = "require-corp"
+
+
+class COOP(Enum):
+    """Cross Origin Opener Policies"""
+
+    UNSAFE_NONE = "unsafe-none"
+    SAME_ORIGIN_ALLOW_POPUPS = "same-origin-allow-popups"
+    SAME_ORIGIN = "same-origin"
+
+
+def quote_header_value(
+    value: t.Union[str, int], extra_chars: str = "", allow_token: bool = True
+) -> str:
+    """Quote a header value if necessary.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :param value: the value to quote.
+    :param extra_chars: a list of extra characters to skip quoting.
+    :param allow_token: if this is enabled token values are returned
+                        unchanged.
+    """
+    if isinstance(value, bytes):
+        value = value.decode("latin1")
+    value = str(value)
+    if allow_token:
+        token_chars = _token_chars | set(extra_chars)
+        if set(value).issubset(token_chars):
+            return value
+    value = value.replace("\\", "\\\\").replace('"', '\\"')
+    return f'"{value}"'
+
+
+def unquote_header_value(value: str, is_filename: bool = False) -> str:
+    r"""Unquotes a header value.  (Reversal of :func:`quote_header_value`).
+    This does not use the real unquoting but what browsers are actually
+    using for quoting.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :param value: the header value to unquote.
+    :param is_filename: The value represents a filename or path.
+    """
+    if value and value[0] == value[-1] == '"':
+        # this is not the real unquoting, but fixing this so that the
+        # RFC is met will result in bugs with internet explorer and
+        # probably some other browsers as well.  IE for example is
+        # uploading files with "C:\foo\bar.txt" as filename
+        value = value[1:-1]
+
+        # if this is a filename and the starting characters look like
+        # a UNC path, then just return the value without quotes.  Using the
+        # replace sequence below on a UNC path has the effect of turning
+        # the leading double slash into a single slash and then
+        # _fix_ie_filename() doesn't work correctly.  See #458.
+        if not is_filename or value[:2] != "\\\\":
+            return value.replace("\\\\", "\\").replace('\\"', '"')
+    return value
+
+
+def dump_options_header(
+    header: t.Optional[str], options: t.Mapping[str, t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]]]
+) -> str:
+    """The reverse function to :func:`parse_options_header`.
+
+    :param header: the header to dump
+    :param options: a dict of options to append.
+    """
+    segments = []
+    if header is not None:
+        segments.append(header)
+    for key, value in options.items():
+        if value is None:
+            segments.append(key)
+        else:
+            segments.append(f"{key}={quote_header_value(value)}")
+    return "; ".join(segments)
+
+
+def dump_header(
+    iterable: t.Union[t.Dict[str, t.Union[str, int]], t.Iterable[str]],
+    allow_token: bool = True,
+) -> str:
+    """Dump an HTTP header again.  This is the reversal of
+    :func:`parse_list_header`, :func:`parse_set_header` and
+    :func:`parse_dict_header`.  This also quotes strings that include an
+    equals sign unless you pass it as dict of key, value pairs.
+
+    >>> dump_header({'foo': 'bar baz'})
+    'foo="bar baz"'
+    >>> dump_header(('foo', 'bar baz'))
+    'foo, "bar baz"'
+
+    :param iterable: the iterable or dict of values to quote.
+    :param allow_token: if set to `False` tokens as values are disallowed.
+                        See :func:`quote_header_value` for more details.
+    """
+    if isinstance(iterable, dict):
+        items = []
+        for key, value in iterable.items():
+            if value is None:
+                items.append(key)
+            else:
+                items.append(
+                    f"{key}={quote_header_value(value, allow_token=allow_token)}"
+                )
+    else:
+        items = [quote_header_value(x, allow_token=allow_token) for x in iterable]
+    return ", ".join(items)
+
+
+def dump_csp_header(header: "ds.ContentSecurityPolicy") -> str:
+    """Dump a Content Security Policy header.
+
+    These are structured into policies such as "default-src 'self';
+    script-src 'self'".
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0.0
+       Support for Content Security Policy headers was added.
+
+    """
+    return "; ".join(f"{key} {value}" for key, value in header.items())
+
+
+def parse_list_header(value: str) -> t.List[str]:
+    """Parse lists as described by RFC 2068 Section 2.
+
+    In particular, parse comma-separated lists where the elements of
+    the list may include quoted-strings.  A quoted-string could
+    contain a comma.  A non-quoted string could have quotes in the
+    middle.  Quotes are removed automatically after parsing.
+
+    It basically works like :func:`parse_set_header` just that items
+    may appear multiple times and case sensitivity is preserved.
+
+    The return value is a standard :class:`list`:
+
+    >>> parse_list_header('token, "quoted value"')
+    ['token', 'quoted value']
+
+    To create a header from the :class:`list` again, use the
+    :func:`dump_header` function.
+
+    :param value: a string with a list header.
+    :return: :class:`list`
+    """
+    result = []
+    for item in _parse_list_header(value):
+        if item[:1] == item[-1:] == '"':
+            item = unquote_header_value(item[1:-1])
+        result.append(item)
+    return result
+
+
+def parse_dict_header(value: str, cls: t.Type[dict] = dict) -> t.Dict[str, str]:
+    """Parse lists of key, value pairs as described by RFC 2068 Section 2 and
+    convert them into a python dict (or any other mapping object created from
+    the type with a dict like interface provided by the `cls` argument):
+
+    >>> d = parse_dict_header('foo="is a fish", bar="as well"')
+    >>> type(d) is dict
+    True
+    >>> sorted(d.items())
+    [('bar', 'as well'), ('foo', 'is a fish')]
+
+    If there is no value for a key it will be `None`:
+
+    >>> parse_dict_header('key_without_value')
+    {'key_without_value': None}
+
+    To create a header from the :class:`dict` again, use the
+    :func:`dump_header` function.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+       Added support for `cls` argument.
+
+    :param value: a string with a dict header.
+    :param cls: callable to use for storage of parsed results.
+    :return: an instance of `cls`
+    """
+    result = cls()
+    if isinstance(value, bytes):
+        value = value.decode("latin1")
+    for item in _parse_list_header(value):
+        if "=" not in item:
+            result[item] = None
+            continue
+        name, value = item.split("=", 1)
+        if value[:1] == value[-1:] == '"':
+            value = unquote_header_value(value[1:-1])
+        result[name] = value
+    return result
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def parse_options_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str], multiple: "te.Literal[False]" = False
+) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Dict[str, str]]:
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def parse_options_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str], multiple: "te.Literal[True]"
+) -> t.Tuple[t.Any, ...]:
+    ...
+
+
+def parse_options_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str], multiple: bool = False
+) -> t.Union[t.Tuple[str, t.Dict[str, str]], t.Tuple[t.Any, ...]]:
+    """Parse a ``Content-Type`` like header into a tuple with the content
+    type and the options:
+
+    >>> parse_options_header('text/html; charset=utf8')
+    ('text/html', {'charset': 'utf8'})
+
+    This should not be used to parse ``Cache-Control`` like headers that use
+    a slightly different format.  For these headers use the
+    :func:`parse_dict_header` function.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        :rfc:`2231` parameter continuations are handled.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :param value: the header to parse.
+    :param multiple: Whether try to parse and return multiple MIME types
+    :return: (mimetype, options) or (mimetype, options, mimetype, options, …)
+             if multiple=True
+    """
+    if not value:
+        return "", {}
+
+    result: t.List[t.Any] = []
+
+    value = "," + value.replace("\n", ",")
+    while value:
+        match = _option_header_start_mime_type.match(value)
+        if not match:
+            break
+        result.append(match.group(1))  # mimetype
+        options: t.Dict[str, str] = {}
+        # Parse options
+        rest = match.group(2)
+        encoding: t.Optional[str]
+        continued_encoding: t.Optional[str] = None
+        while rest:
+            optmatch = _option_header_piece_re.match(rest)
+            if not optmatch:
+                break
+            option, count, encoding, language, option_value = optmatch.groups()
+            # Continuations don't have to supply the encoding after the
+            # first line. If we're in a continuation, track the current
+            # encoding to use for subsequent lines. Reset it when the
+            # continuation ends.
+            if not count:
+                continued_encoding = None
+            else:
+                if not encoding:
+                    encoding = continued_encoding
+                continued_encoding = encoding
+            option = unquote_header_value(option)
+            if option_value is not None:
+                option_value = unquote_header_value(option_value, option == "filename")
+                if encoding is not None:
+                    option_value = _unquote(option_value).decode(encoding)
+            if count:
+                # Continuations append to the existing value. For
+                # simplicity, this ignores the possibility of
+                # out-of-order indices, which shouldn't happen anyway.
+                options[option] = options.get(option, "") + option_value
+            else:
+                options[option] = option_value
+            rest = rest[optmatch.end() :]
+        result.append(options)
+        if multiple is False:
+            return tuple(result)
+        value = rest
+
+    return tuple(result) if result else ("", {})
+
+
+_TAnyAccept = t.TypeVar("_TAnyAccept", bound="ds.Accept")
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def parse_accept_header(value: t.Optional[str]) -> "ds.Accept":
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def parse_accept_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str], cls: t.Type[_TAnyAccept]
+) -> _TAnyAccept:
+    ...
+
+
+def parse_accept_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str], cls: t.Optional[t.Type[_TAnyAccept]] = None
+) -> _TAnyAccept:
+    """Parses an HTTP Accept-* header.  This does not implement a complete
+    valid algorithm but one that supports at least value and quality
+    extraction.
+
+    Returns a new :class:`Accept` object (basically a list of ``(value, quality)``
+    tuples sorted by the quality with some additional accessor methods).
+
+    The second parameter can be a subclass of :class:`Accept` that is created
+    with the parsed values and returned.
+
+    :param value: the accept header string to be parsed.
+    :param cls: the wrapper class for the return value (can be
+                         :class:`Accept` or a subclass thereof)
+    :return: an instance of `cls`.
+    """
+    if cls is None:
+        cls = t.cast(t.Type[_TAnyAccept], ds.Accept)
+
+    if not value:
+        return cls(None)
+
+    result = []
+    for match in _accept_re.finditer(value):
+        quality_match = match.group(2)
+        if not quality_match:
+            quality: float = 1
+        else:
+            quality = max(min(float(quality_match), 1), 0)
+        result.append((match.group(1), quality))
+    return cls(result)
+
+
+_TAnyCC = t.TypeVar("_TAnyCC", bound="ds._CacheControl")
+_t_cc_update = t.Optional[t.Callable[[_TAnyCC], None]]
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def parse_cache_control_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str], on_update: _t_cc_update, cls: None = None
+) -> "ds.RequestCacheControl":
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def parse_cache_control_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str], on_update: _t_cc_update, cls: t.Type[_TAnyCC]
+) -> _TAnyCC:
+    ...
+
+
+def parse_cache_control_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str],
+    on_update: _t_cc_update = None,
+    cls: t.Optional[t.Type[_TAnyCC]] = None,
+) -> _TAnyCC:
+    """Parse a cache control header.  The RFC differs between response and
+    request cache control, this method does not.  It's your responsibility
+    to not use the wrong control statements.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+       The `cls` was added.  If not specified an immutable
+       :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.RequestCacheControl` is returned.
+
+    :param value: a cache control header to be parsed.
+    :param on_update: an optional callable that is called every time a value
+                      on the :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.CacheControl`
+                      object is changed.
+    :param cls: the class for the returned object.  By default
+                :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.RequestCacheControl` is used.
+    :return: a `cls` object.
+    """
+    if cls is None:
+        cls = t.cast(t.Type[_TAnyCC], ds.RequestCacheControl)
+
+    if not value:
+        return cls((), on_update)
+
+    return cls(parse_dict_header(value), on_update)
+
+
+_TAnyCSP = t.TypeVar("_TAnyCSP", bound="ds.ContentSecurityPolicy")
+_t_csp_update = t.Optional[t.Callable[[_TAnyCSP], None]]
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def parse_csp_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str], on_update: _t_csp_update, cls: None = None
+) -> "ds.ContentSecurityPolicy":
+    ...
+
+
+@typing.overload
+def parse_csp_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str], on_update: _t_csp_update, cls: t.Type[_TAnyCSP]
+) -> _TAnyCSP:
+    ...
+
+
+def parse_csp_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str],
+    on_update: _t_csp_update = None,
+    cls: t.Optional[t.Type[_TAnyCSP]] = None,
+) -> _TAnyCSP:
+    """Parse a Content Security Policy header.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0.0
+       Support for Content Security Policy headers was added.
+
+    :param value: a csp header to be parsed.
+    :param on_update: an optional callable that is called every time a value
+                      on the object is changed.
+    :param cls: the class for the returned object.  By default
+                :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ContentSecurityPolicy` is used.
+    :return: a `cls` object.
+    """
+    if cls is None:
+        cls = t.cast(t.Type[_TAnyCSP], ds.ContentSecurityPolicy)
+
+    if value is None:
+        return cls((), on_update)
+
+    items = []
+
+    for policy in value.split(";"):
+        policy = policy.strip()
+
+        # Ignore badly formatted policies (no space)
+        if " " in policy:
+            directive, value = policy.strip().split(" ", 1)
+            items.append((directive.strip(), value.strip()))
+
+    return cls(items, on_update)
+
+
+def parse_set_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str],
+    on_update: t.Optional[t.Callable[["ds.HeaderSet"], None]] = None,
+) -> "ds.HeaderSet":
+    """Parse a set-like header and return a
+    :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.HeaderSet` object:
+
+    >>> hs = parse_set_header('token, "quoted value"')
+
+    The return value is an object that treats the items case-insensitively
+    and keeps the order of the items:
+
+    >>> 'TOKEN' in hs
+    True
+    >>> hs.index('quoted value')
+    1
+    >>> hs
+    HeaderSet(['token', 'quoted value'])
+
+    To create a header from the :class:`HeaderSet` again, use the
+    :func:`dump_header` function.
+
+    :param value: a set header to be parsed.
+    :param on_update: an optional callable that is called every time a
+                      value on the :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.HeaderSet`
+                      object is changed.
+    :return: a :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.HeaderSet`
+    """
+    if not value:
+        return ds.HeaderSet(None, on_update)
+    return ds.HeaderSet(parse_list_header(value), on_update)
+
+
+def parse_authorization_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str],
+) -> t.Optional["ds.Authorization"]:
+    """Parse an HTTP basic/digest authorization header transmitted by the web
+    browser.  The return value is either `None` if the header was invalid or
+    not given, otherwise an :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.Authorization`
+    object.
+
+    :param value: the authorization header to parse.
+    :return: a :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.Authorization` object or `None`.
+    """
+    if not value:
+        return None
+    value = _wsgi_decoding_dance(value)
+    try:
+        auth_type, auth_info = value.split(None, 1)
+        auth_type = auth_type.lower()
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+    if auth_type == "basic":
+        try:
+            username, password = base64.b64decode(auth_info).split(b":", 1)
+        except Exception:
+            return None
+        try:
+            return ds.Authorization(
+                "basic",
+                {
+                    "username": _to_str(username, "utf-8"),
+                    "password": _to_str(password, "utf-8"),
+                },
+            )
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            return None
+    elif auth_type == "digest":
+        auth_map = parse_dict_header(auth_info)
+        for key in "username", "realm", "nonce", "uri", "response":
+            if key not in auth_map:
+                return None
+        if "qop" in auth_map:
+            if not auth_map.get("nc") or not auth_map.get("cnonce"):
+                return None
+        return ds.Authorization("digest", auth_map)
+    return None
+
+
+def parse_www_authenticate_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str],
+    on_update: t.Optional[t.Callable[["ds.WWWAuthenticate"], None]] = None,
+) -> "ds.WWWAuthenticate":
+    """Parse an HTTP WWW-Authenticate header into a
+    :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.WWWAuthenticate` object.
+
+    :param value: a WWW-Authenticate header to parse.
+    :param on_update: an optional callable that is called every time a value
+                      on the :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.WWWAuthenticate`
+                      object is changed.
+    :return: a :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.WWWAuthenticate` object.
+    """
+    if not value:
+        return ds.WWWAuthenticate(on_update=on_update)
+    try:
+        auth_type, auth_info = value.split(None, 1)
+        auth_type = auth_type.lower()
+    except (ValueError, AttributeError):
+        return ds.WWWAuthenticate(value.strip().lower(), on_update=on_update)
+    return ds.WWWAuthenticate(auth_type, parse_dict_header(auth_info), on_update)
+
+
+def parse_if_range_header(value: t.Optional[str]) -> "ds.IfRange":
+    """Parses an if-range header which can be an etag or a date.  Returns
+    a :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.IfRange` object.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        If the value represents a datetime, it is timezone-aware.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+    if not value:
+        return ds.IfRange()
+    date = parse_date(value)
+    if date is not None:
+        return ds.IfRange(date=date)
+    # drop weakness information
+    return ds.IfRange(unquote_etag(value)[0])
+
+
+def parse_range_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str], make_inclusive: bool = True
+) -> t.Optional["ds.Range"]:
+    """Parses a range header into a :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.Range`
+    object.  If the header is missing or malformed `None` is returned.
+    `ranges` is a list of ``(start, stop)`` tuples where the ranges are
+    non-inclusive.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+    if not value or "=" not in value:
+        return None
+
+    ranges = []
+    last_end = 0
+    units, rng = value.split("=", 1)
+    units = units.strip().lower()
+
+    for item in rng.split(","):
+        item = item.strip()
+        if "-" not in item:
+            return None
+        if item.startswith("-"):
+            if last_end < 0:
+                return None
+            try:
+                begin = int(item)
+            except ValueError:
+                return None
+            end = None
+            last_end = -1
+        elif "-" in item:
+            begin_str, end_str = item.split("-", 1)
+            begin_str = begin_str.strip()
+            end_str = end_str.strip()
+            if not begin_str.isdigit():
+                return None
+            begin = int(begin_str)
+            if begin < last_end or last_end < 0:
+                return None
+            if end_str:
+                if not end_str.isdigit():
+                    return None
+                end = int(end_str) + 1
+                if begin >= end:
+                    return None
+            else:
+                end = None
+            last_end = end if end is not None else -1
+        ranges.append((begin, end))
+
+    return ds.Range(units, ranges)
+
+
+def parse_content_range_header(
+    value: t.Optional[str],
+    on_update: t.Optional[t.Callable[["ds.ContentRange"], None]] = None,
+) -> t.Optional["ds.ContentRange"]:
+    """Parses a range header into a
+    :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ContentRange` object or `None` if
+    parsing is not possible.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+
+    :param value: a content range header to be parsed.
+    :param on_update: an optional callable that is called every time a value
+                      on the :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ContentRange`
+                      object is changed.
+    """
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        units, rangedef = (value or "").strip().split(None, 1)
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+
+    if "/" not in rangedef:
+        return None
+    rng, length_str = rangedef.split("/", 1)
+    if length_str == "*":
+        length = None
+    elif length_str.isdigit():
+        length = int(length_str)
+    else:
+        return None
+
+    if rng == "*":
+        return ds.ContentRange(units, None, None, length, on_update=on_update)
+    elif "-" not in rng:
+        return None
+
+    start_str, stop_str = rng.split("-", 1)
+    try:
+        start = int(start_str)
+        stop = int(stop_str) + 1
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+
+    if is_byte_range_valid(start, stop, length):
+        return ds.ContentRange(units, start, stop, length, on_update=on_update)
+
+    return None
+
+
+def quote_etag(etag: str, weak: bool = False) -> str:
+    """Quote an etag.
+
+    :param etag: the etag to quote.
+    :param weak: set to `True` to tag it "weak".
+    """
+    if '"' in etag:
+        raise ValueError("invalid etag")
+    etag = f'"{etag}"'
+    if weak:
+        etag = f"W/{etag}"
+    return etag
+
+
+def unquote_etag(
+    etag: t.Optional[str],
+) -> t.Union[t.Tuple[str, bool], t.Tuple[None, None]]:
+    """Unquote a single etag:
+
+    >>> unquote_etag('W/"bar"')
+    ('bar', True)
+    >>> unquote_etag('"bar"')
+    ('bar', False)
+
+    :param etag: the etag identifier to unquote.
+    :return: a ``(etag, weak)`` tuple.
+    """
+    if not etag:
+        return None, None
+    etag = etag.strip()
+    weak = False
+    if etag.startswith(("W/", "w/")):
+        weak = True
+        etag = etag[2:]
+    if etag[:1] == etag[-1:] == '"':
+        etag = etag[1:-1]
+    return etag, weak
+
+
+def parse_etags(value: t.Optional[str]) -> "ds.ETags":
+    """Parse an etag header.
+
+    :param value: the tag header to parse
+    :return: an :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ETags` object.
+    """
+    if not value:
+        return ds.ETags()
+    strong = []
+    weak = []
+    end = len(value)
+    pos = 0
+    while pos < end:
+        match = _etag_re.match(value, pos)
+        if match is None:
+            break
+        is_weak, quoted, raw = match.groups()
+        if raw == "*":
+            return ds.ETags(star_tag=True)
+        elif quoted:
+            raw = quoted
+        if is_weak:
+            weak.append(raw)
+        else:
+            strong.append(raw)
+        pos = match.end()
+    return ds.ETags(strong, weak)
+
+
+def generate_etag(data: bytes) -> str:
+    """Generate an etag for some data.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Use SHA-1. MD5 may not be available in some environments.
+    """
+    return sha1(data).hexdigest()
+
+
+def parse_date(value: t.Optional[str]) -> t.Optional[datetime]:
+    """Parse an :rfc:`2822` date into a timezone-aware
+    :class:`datetime.datetime` object, or ``None`` if parsing fails.
+
+    This is a wrapper for :func:`email.utils.parsedate_to_datetime`. It
+    returns ``None`` if parsing fails instead of raising an exception,
+    and always returns a timezone-aware datetime object. If the string
+    doesn't have timezone information, it is assumed to be UTC.
+
+    :param value: A string with a supported date format.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Return a timezone-aware datetime object. Use
+        ``email.utils.parsedate_to_datetime``.
+    """
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        dt = email.utils.parsedate_to_datetime(value)
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        return None
+
+    if dt.tzinfo is None:
+        return dt.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+
+    return dt
+
+
+def cookie_date(
+    expires: t.Optional[t.Union[datetime, date, int, float, struct_time]] = None
+) -> str:
+    """Format a datetime object or timestamp into an :rfc:`2822` date
+    string for ``Set-Cookie expires``.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use :func:`http_date` instead.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'cookie_date' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug"
+        " 2.1. Use 'http_date' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return http_date(expires)
+
+
+def http_date(
+    timestamp: t.Optional[t.Union[datetime, date, int, float, struct_time]] = None
+) -> str:
+    """Format a datetime object or timestamp into an :rfc:`2822` date
+    string.
+
+    This is a wrapper for :func:`email.utils.format_datetime`. It
+    assumes naive datetime objects are in UTC instead of raising an
+    exception.
+
+    :param timestamp: The datetime or timestamp to format. Defaults to
+        the current time.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Use ``email.utils.format_datetime``. Accept ``date`` objects.
+    """
+    if isinstance(timestamp, date):
+        if not isinstance(timestamp, datetime):
+            # Assume plain date is midnight UTC.
+            timestamp = datetime.combine(timestamp, time(), tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+        else:
+            # Ensure datetime is timezone-aware.
+            timestamp = _dt_as_utc(timestamp)
+
+        return email.utils.format_datetime(timestamp, usegmt=True)
+
+    if isinstance(timestamp, struct_time):
+        timestamp = mktime(timestamp)
+
+    return email.utils.formatdate(timestamp, usegmt=True)
+
+
+def parse_age(value: t.Optional[str] = None) -> t.Optional[timedelta]:
+    """Parses a base-10 integer count of seconds into a timedelta.
+
+    If parsing fails, the return value is `None`.
+
+    :param value: a string consisting of an integer represented in base-10
+    :return: a :class:`datetime.timedelta` object or `None`.
+    """
+    if not value:
+        return None
+    try:
+        seconds = int(value)
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+    if seconds < 0:
+        return None
+    try:
+        return timedelta(seconds=seconds)
+    except OverflowError:
+        return None
+
+
+def dump_age(age: t.Optional[t.Union[timedelta, int]] = None) -> t.Optional[str]:
+    """Formats the duration as a base-10 integer.
+
+    :param age: should be an integer number of seconds,
+                a :class:`datetime.timedelta` object, or,
+                if the age is unknown, `None` (default).
+    """
+    if age is None:
+        return None
+    if isinstance(age, timedelta):
+        age = int(age.total_seconds())
+    else:
+        age = int(age)
+
+    if age < 0:
+        raise ValueError("age cannot be negative")
+
+    return str(age)
+
+
+def is_resource_modified(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+    etag: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    data: t.Optional[bytes] = None,
+    last_modified: t.Optional[t.Union[datetime, str]] = None,
+    ignore_if_range: bool = True,
+) -> bool:
+    """Convenience method for conditional requests.
+
+    :param environ: the WSGI environment of the request to be checked.
+    :param etag: the etag for the response for comparison.
+    :param data: or alternatively the data of the response to automatically
+                 generate an etag using :func:`generate_etag`.
+    :param last_modified: an optional date of the last modification.
+    :param ignore_if_range: If `False`, `If-Range` header will be taken into
+                            account.
+    :return: `True` if the resource was modified, otherwise `False`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        SHA-1 is used to generate an etag value for the data. MD5 may
+        not be available in some environments.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
+        The check is run for methods other than ``GET`` and ``HEAD``.
+    """
+    if etag is None and data is not None:
+        etag = generate_etag(data)
+    elif data is not None:
+        raise TypeError("both data and etag given")
+
+    unmodified = False
+    if isinstance(last_modified, str):
+        last_modified = parse_date(last_modified)
+
+    # HTTP doesn't use microsecond, remove it to avoid false positive
+    # comparisons. Mark naive datetimes as UTC.
+    if last_modified is not None:
+        last_modified = _dt_as_utc(last_modified.replace(microsecond=0))
+
+    if_range = None
+    if not ignore_if_range and "HTTP_RANGE" in environ:
+        # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7233#section-3.2
+        # A server MUST ignore an If-Range header field received in a request
+        # that does not contain a Range header field.
+        if_range = parse_if_range_header(environ.get("HTTP_IF_RANGE"))
+
+    if if_range is not None and if_range.date is not None:
+        modified_since: t.Optional[datetime] = if_range.date
+    else:
+        modified_since = parse_date(environ.get("HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE"))
+
+    if modified_since and last_modified and last_modified <= modified_since:
+        unmodified = True
+
+    if etag:
+        etag, _ = unquote_etag(etag)
+        etag = t.cast(str, etag)
+
+        if if_range is not None and if_range.etag is not None:
+            unmodified = parse_etags(if_range.etag).contains(etag)
+        else:
+            if_none_match = parse_etags(environ.get("HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH"))
+            if if_none_match:
+                # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7232#section-3.2
+                # "A recipient MUST use the weak comparison function when comparing
+                # entity-tags for If-None-Match"
+                unmodified = if_none_match.contains_weak(etag)
+
+            # https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7232#section-3.1
+            # "Origin server MUST use the strong comparison function when
+            # comparing entity-tags for If-Match"
+            if_match = parse_etags(environ.get("HTTP_IF_MATCH"))
+            if if_match:
+                unmodified = not if_match.is_strong(etag)
+
+    return not unmodified
+
+
+def remove_entity_headers(
+    headers: t.Union["ds.Headers", t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]],
+    allowed: t.Iterable[str] = ("expires", "content-location"),
+) -> None:
+    """Remove all entity headers from a list or :class:`Headers` object.  This
+    operation works in-place.  `Expires` and `Content-Location` headers are
+    by default not removed.  The reason for this is :rfc:`2616` section
+    10.3.5 which specifies some entity headers that should be sent.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+       added `allowed` parameter.
+
+    :param headers: a list or :class:`Headers` object.
+    :param allowed: a list of headers that should still be allowed even though
+                    they are entity headers.
+    """
+    allowed = {x.lower() for x in allowed}
+    headers[:] = [
+        (key, value)
+        for key, value in headers
+        if not is_entity_header(key) or key.lower() in allowed
+    ]
+
+
+def remove_hop_by_hop_headers(
+    headers: t.Union["ds.Headers", t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]]
+) -> None:
+    """Remove all HTTP/1.1 "Hop-by-Hop" headers from a list or
+    :class:`Headers` object.  This operation works in-place.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :param headers: a list or :class:`Headers` object.
+    """
+    headers[:] = [
+        (key, value) for key, value in headers if not is_hop_by_hop_header(key)
+    ]
+
+
+def is_entity_header(header: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if a header is an entity header.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :param header: the header to test.
+    :return: `True` if it's an entity header, `False` otherwise.
+    """
+    return header.lower() in _entity_headers
+
+
+def is_hop_by_hop_header(header: str) -> bool:
+    """Check if a header is an HTTP/1.1 "Hop-by-Hop" header.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :param header: the header to test.
+    :return: `True` if it's an HTTP/1.1 "Hop-by-Hop" header, `False` otherwise.
+    """
+    return header.lower() in _hop_by_hop_headers
+
+
+def parse_cookie(
+    header: t.Union["WSGIEnvironment", str, bytes, None],
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    errors: str = "replace",
+    cls: t.Optional[t.Type["ds.MultiDict"]] = None,
+) -> "ds.MultiDict[str, str]":
+    """Parse a cookie from a string or WSGI environ.
+
+    The same key can be provided multiple times, the values are stored
+    in-order. The default :class:`MultiDict` will have the first value
+    first, and all values can be retrieved with
+    :meth:`MultiDict.getlist`.
+
+    :param header: The cookie header as a string, or a WSGI environ dict
+        with a ``HTTP_COOKIE`` key.
+    :param charset: The charset for the cookie values.
+    :param errors: The error behavior for the charset decoding.
+    :param cls: A dict-like class to store the parsed cookies in.
+        Defaults to :class:`MultiDict`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
+        Returns a :class:`MultiDict` instead of a
+        ``TypeConversionDict``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+       Returns a :class:`TypeConversionDict` instead of a regular dict.
+       The ``cls`` parameter was added.
+    """
+    if isinstance(header, dict):
+        header = header.get("HTTP_COOKIE", "")
+    elif header is None:
+        header = ""
+
+    # PEP 3333 sends headers through the environ as latin1 decoded
+    # strings. Encode strings back to bytes for parsing.
+    if isinstance(header, str):
+        header = header.encode("latin1", "replace")
+
+    if cls is None:
+        cls = ds.MultiDict
+
+    def _parse_pairs() -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        for key, val in _cookie_parse_impl(header):  # type: ignore
+            key_str = _to_str(key, charset, errors, allow_none_charset=True)
+
+            if not key_str:
+                continue
+
+            val_str = _to_str(val, charset, errors, allow_none_charset=True)
+            yield key_str, val_str
+
+    return cls(_parse_pairs())
+
+
+def dump_cookie(
+    key: str,
+    value: t.Union[bytes, str] = "",
+    max_age: t.Optional[t.Union[timedelta, int]] = None,
+    expires: t.Optional[t.Union[str, datetime, int, float]] = None,
+    path: t.Optional[str] = "/",
+    domain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    secure: bool = False,
+    httponly: bool = False,
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    sync_expires: bool = True,
+    max_size: int = 4093,
+    samesite: t.Optional[str] = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Create a Set-Cookie header without the ``Set-Cookie`` prefix.
+
+    The return value is usually restricted to ascii as the vast majority
+    of values are properly escaped, but that is no guarantee. It's
+    tunneled through latin1 as required by :pep:`3333`.
+
+    The return value is not ASCII safe if the key contains unicode
+    characters.  This is technically against the specification but
+    happens in the wild.  It's strongly recommended to not use
+    non-ASCII values for the keys.
+
+    :param max_age: should be a number of seconds, or `None` (default) if
+                    the cookie should last only as long as the client's
+                    browser session.  Additionally `timedelta` objects
+                    are accepted, too.
+    :param expires: should be a `datetime` object or unix timestamp.
+    :param path: limits the cookie to a given path, per default it will
+                 span the whole domain.
+    :param domain: Use this if you want to set a cross-domain cookie. For
+                   example, ``domain=".example.com"`` will set a cookie
+                   that is readable by the domain ``www.example.com``,
+                   ``foo.example.com`` etc. Otherwise, a cookie will only
+                   be readable by the domain that set it.
+    :param secure: The cookie will only be available via HTTPS
+    :param httponly: disallow JavaScript to access the cookie.  This is an
+                     extension to the cookie standard and probably not
+                     supported by all browsers.
+    :param charset: the encoding for string values.
+    :param sync_expires: automatically set expires if max_age is defined
+                         but expires not.
+    :param max_size: Warn if the final header value exceeds this size. The
+        default, 4093, should be safely `supported by most browsers
+        <cookie_>`_. Set to 0 to disable this check.
+    :param samesite: Limits the scope of the cookie such that it will
+        only be attached to requests if those requests are same-site.
+
+    .. _`cookie`: http://browsercookielimits.squawky.net/
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
+        The string ``'None'`` is accepted for ``samesite``.
+    """
+    key = _to_bytes(key, charset)
+    value = _to_bytes(value, charset)
+
+    if path is not None:
+        from .urls import iri_to_uri
+
+        path = iri_to_uri(path, charset)
+
+    domain = _make_cookie_domain(domain)
+
+    if isinstance(max_age, timedelta):
+        max_age = int(max_age.total_seconds())
+
+    if expires is not None:
+        if not isinstance(expires, str):
+            expires = http_date(expires)
+    elif max_age is not None and sync_expires:
+        expires = http_date(datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc).timestamp() + max_age)
+
+    if samesite is not None:
+        samesite = samesite.title()
+
+        if samesite not in {"Strict", "Lax", "None"}:
+            raise ValueError("SameSite must be 'Strict', 'Lax', or 'None'.")
+
+    buf = [key + b"=" + _cookie_quote(value)]
+
+    # XXX: In theory all of these parameters that are not marked with `None`
+    # should be quoted.  Because stdlib did not quote it before I did not
+    # want to introduce quoting there now.
+    for k, v, q in (
+        (b"Domain", domain, True),
+        (b"Expires", expires, False),
+        (b"Max-Age", max_age, False),
+        (b"Secure", secure, None),
+        (b"HttpOnly", httponly, None),
+        (b"Path", path, False),
+        (b"SameSite", samesite, False),
+    ):
+        if q is None:
+            if v:
+                buf.append(k)
+            continue
+
+        if v is None:
+            continue
+
+        tmp = bytearray(k)
+        if not isinstance(v, (bytes, bytearray)):
+            v = _to_bytes(str(v), charset)
+        if q:
+            v = _cookie_quote(v)
+        tmp += b"=" + v
+        buf.append(bytes(tmp))
+
+    # The return value will be an incorrectly encoded latin1 header for
+    # consistency with the headers object.
+    rv = b"; ".join(buf)
+    rv = rv.decode("latin1")
+
+    # Warn if the final value of the cookie is larger than the limit. If the
+    # cookie is too large, then it may be silently ignored by the browser,
+    # which can be quite hard to debug.
+    cookie_size = len(rv)
+
+    if max_size and cookie_size > max_size:
+        value_size = len(value)
+        warnings.warn(
+            f"The {key.decode(charset)!r} cookie is too large: the value was"
+            f" {value_size} bytes but the"
+            f" header required {cookie_size - value_size} extra bytes. The final size"
+            f" was {cookie_size} bytes but the limit is {max_size} bytes. Browsers may"
+            f" silently ignore cookies larger than this.",
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+    return rv
+
+
+def is_byte_range_valid(
+    start: t.Optional[int], stop: t.Optional[int], length: t.Optional[int]
+) -> bool:
+    """Checks if a given byte content range is valid for the given length.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+    if (start is None) != (stop is None):
+        return False
+    elif start is None:
+        return length is None or length >= 0
+    elif length is None:
+        return 0 <= start < stop  # type: ignore
+    elif start >= stop:  # type: ignore
+        return False
+    return 0 <= start < length
+
+
+# circular dependencies
+from . import datastructures as ds
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b4dee7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/local.py
@@ -0,0 +1,677 @@
+import copy
+import math
+import operator
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from functools import partial
+from functools import update_wrapper
+
+from .wsgi import ClosingIterator
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+F = t.TypeVar("F", bound=t.Callable[..., t.Any])
+
+try:
+    from greenlet import getcurrent as _get_ident
+except ImportError:
+    from threading import get_ident as _get_ident
+
+
+def get_ident() -> int:
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'get_ident' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug"
+        " 2.1. Use 'greenlet.getcurrent' or 'threading.get_ident' for"
+        " previous behavior.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return _get_ident()  # type: ignore
+
+
+class _CannotUseContextVar(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+try:
+    from contextvars import ContextVar
+
+    if "gevent" in sys.modules or "eventlet" in sys.modules:
+        # Both use greenlet, so first check it has patched
+        # ContextVars, Greenlet <0.4.17 does not.
+        import greenlet
+
+        greenlet_patched = getattr(greenlet, "GREENLET_USE_CONTEXT_VARS", False)
+
+        if not greenlet_patched:
+            # If Gevent is used, check it has patched ContextVars,
+            # <20.5 does not.
+            try:
+                from gevent.monkey import is_object_patched
+            except ImportError:
+                # Gevent isn't used, but Greenlet is and hasn't patched
+                raise _CannotUseContextVar() from None
+            else:
+                if is_object_patched("threading", "local") and not is_object_patched(
+                    "contextvars", "ContextVar"
+                ):
+                    raise _CannotUseContextVar()
+
+    def __release_local__(storage: t.Any) -> None:
+        # Can remove when support for non-stdlib ContextVars is
+        # removed, see "Fake" version below.
+        storage.set({})
+
+
+except (ImportError, _CannotUseContextVar):
+
+    class ContextVar:  # type: ignore
+        """A fake ContextVar based on the previous greenlet/threading
+        ident function. Used on Python 3.6, eventlet, and old versions
+        of gevent.
+        """
+
+        def __init__(self, _name: str) -> None:
+            self.storage: t.Dict[int, t.Dict[str, t.Any]] = {}
+
+        def get(self, default: t.Dict[str, t.Any]) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+            return self.storage.get(_get_ident(), default)
+
+        def set(self, value: t.Dict[str, t.Any]) -> None:
+            self.storage[_get_ident()] = value
+
+    def __release_local__(storage: t.Any) -> None:
+        # Special version to ensure that the storage is cleaned up on
+        # release.
+        storage.storage.pop(_get_ident(), None)
+
+
+def release_local(local: t.Union["Local", "LocalStack"]) -> None:
+    """Releases the contents of the local for the current context.
+    This makes it possible to use locals without a manager.
+
+    Example::
+
+        >>> loc = Local()
+        >>> loc.foo = 42
+        >>> release_local(loc)
+        >>> hasattr(loc, 'foo')
+        False
+
+    With this function one can release :class:`Local` objects as well
+    as :class:`LocalStack` objects.  However it is not possible to
+    release data held by proxies that way, one always has to retain
+    a reference to the underlying local object in order to be able
+    to release it.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6.1
+    """
+    local.__release_local__()
+
+
+class Local:
+    __slots__ = ("_storage",)
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_storage", ContextVar("local_storage"))
+
+    @property
+    def __storage__(self) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'__storage__' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return self._storage.get({})  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def __ident_func__(self) -> t.Callable[[], int]:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'__ident_func__' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. It should not be used in Python 3.7+.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return _get_ident  # type: ignore
+
+    @__ident_func__.setter
+    def __ident_func__(self, func: t.Callable[[], int]) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'__ident_func__' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. Setting it no longer has any effect.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[int, t.Any]]:
+        return iter(self._storage.get({}).items())
+
+    def __call__(self, proxy: str) -> "LocalProxy":
+        """Create a proxy for a name."""
+        return LocalProxy(self, proxy)
+
+    def __release_local__(self) -> None:
+        __release_local__(self._storage)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+        values = self._storage.get({})
+        try:
+            return values[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name) from None
+
+    def __setattr__(self, name: str, value: t.Any) -> None:
+        values = self._storage.get({}).copy()
+        values[name] = value
+        self._storage.set(values)
+
+    def __delattr__(self, name: str) -> None:
+        values = self._storage.get({}).copy()
+        try:
+            del values[name]
+            self._storage.set(values)
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(name) from None
+
+
+class LocalStack:
+    """This class works similar to a :class:`Local` but keeps a stack
+    of objects instead.  This is best explained with an example::
+
+        >>> ls = LocalStack()
+        >>> ls.push(42)
+        >>> ls.top
+        42
+        >>> ls.push(23)
+        >>> ls.top
+        23
+        >>> ls.pop()
+        23
+        >>> ls.top
+        42
+
+    They can be force released by using a :class:`LocalManager` or with
+    the :func:`release_local` function but the correct way is to pop the
+    item from the stack after using.  When the stack is empty it will
+    no longer be bound to the current context (and as such released).
+
+    By calling the stack without arguments it returns a proxy that resolves to
+    the topmost item on the stack.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6.1
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._local = Local()
+
+    def __release_local__(self) -> None:
+        self._local.__release_local__()
+
+    @property
+    def __ident_func__(self) -> t.Callable[[], int]:
+        return self._local.__ident_func__
+
+    @__ident_func__.setter
+    def __ident_func__(self, value: t.Callable[[], int]) -> None:
+        object.__setattr__(self._local, "__ident_func__", value)
+
+    def __call__(self) -> "LocalProxy":
+        def _lookup() -> t.Any:
+            rv = self.top
+            if rv is None:
+                raise RuntimeError("object unbound")
+            return rv
+
+        return LocalProxy(_lookup)
+
+    def push(self, obj: t.Any) -> t.List[t.Any]:
+        """Pushes a new item to the stack"""
+        rv = getattr(self._local, "stack", []).copy()
+        rv.append(obj)
+        self._local.stack = rv
+        return rv  # type: ignore
+
+    def pop(self) -> t.Any:
+        """Removes the topmost item from the stack, will return the
+        old value or `None` if the stack was already empty.
+        """
+        stack = getattr(self._local, "stack", None)
+        if stack is None:
+            return None
+        elif len(stack) == 1:
+            release_local(self._local)
+            return stack[-1]
+        else:
+            return stack.pop()
+
+    @property
+    def top(self) -> t.Any:
+        """The topmost item on the stack.  If the stack is empty,
+        `None` is returned.
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._local.stack[-1]
+        except (AttributeError, IndexError):
+            return None
+
+
+class LocalManager:
+    """Local objects cannot manage themselves. For that you need a local
+    manager. You can pass a local manager multiple locals or add them
+    later by appending them to `manager.locals`. Every time the manager
+    cleans up, it will clean up all the data left in the locals for this
+    context.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``ident_func`` is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug
+         2.1.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.6.1
+        The :func:`release_local` function can be used instead of a
+        manager.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.7
+        The ``ident_func`` parameter was added.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        locals: t.Optional[t.Iterable[t.Union[Local, LocalStack]]] = None,
+        ident_func: None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if locals is None:
+            self.locals = []
+        elif isinstance(locals, Local):
+            self.locals = [locals]
+        else:
+            self.locals = list(locals)
+
+        if ident_func is not None:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "'ident_func' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+                " Werkzeug 2.1. Setting it no longer has any effect.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+
+    @property
+    def ident_func(self) -> t.Callable[[], int]:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'ident_func' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return _get_ident  # type: ignore
+
+    @ident_func.setter
+    def ident_func(self, func: t.Callable[[], int]) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'ident_func' is deprecated and will be removedin Werkzeug"
+            " 2.1. Setting it no longer has any effect.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+    def get_ident(self) -> int:
+        """Return the context identifier the local objects use internally for
+        this context.  You cannot override this method to change the behavior
+        but use it to link other context local objects (such as SQLAlchemy's
+        scoped sessions) to the Werkzeug locals.
+
+        .. deprecated:: 2.0
+            Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.7
+           You can pass a different ident function to the local manager that
+           will then be propagated to all the locals passed to the
+           constructor.
+        """
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'get_ident' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return self.ident_func()
+
+    def cleanup(self) -> None:
+        """Manually clean up the data in the locals for this context.  Call
+        this at the end of the request or use `make_middleware()`.
+        """
+        for local in self.locals:
+            release_local(local)
+
+    def make_middleware(self, app: "WSGIApplication") -> "WSGIApplication":
+        """Wrap a WSGI application so that cleaning up happens after
+        request end.
+        """
+
+        def application(
+            environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+        ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+            return ClosingIterator(app(environ, start_response), self.cleanup)
+
+        return application
+
+    def middleware(self, func: "WSGIApplication") -> "WSGIApplication":
+        """Like `make_middleware` but for decorating functions.
+
+        Example usage::
+
+            @manager.middleware
+            def application(environ, start_response):
+                ...
+
+        The difference to `make_middleware` is that the function passed
+        will have all the arguments copied from the inner application
+        (name, docstring, module).
+        """
+        return update_wrapper(self.make_middleware(func), func)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} storages: {len(self.locals)}>"
+
+
+class _ProxyLookup:
+    """Descriptor that handles proxied attribute lookup for
+    :class:`LocalProxy`.
+
+    :param f: The built-in function this attribute is accessed through.
+        Instead of looking up the special method, the function call
+        is redone on the object.
+    :param fallback: Call this method if the proxy is unbound instead of
+        raising a :exc:`RuntimeError`.
+    :param class_value: Value to return when accessed from the class.
+        Used for ``__doc__`` so building docs still works.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("bind_f", "fallback", "class_value", "name")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        f: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
+        fallback: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None,
+        class_value: t.Optional[t.Any] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        bind_f: t.Optional[t.Callable[["LocalProxy", t.Any], t.Callable]]
+
+        if hasattr(f, "__get__"):
+            # A Python function, can be turned into a bound method.
+
+            def bind_f(instance: "LocalProxy", obj: t.Any) -> t.Callable:
+                return f.__get__(obj, type(obj))  # type: ignore
+
+        elif f is not None:
+            # A C function, use partial to bind the first argument.
+
+            def bind_f(instance: "LocalProxy", obj: t.Any) -> t.Callable:
+                return partial(f, obj)  # type: ignore
+
+        else:
+            # Use getattr, which will produce a bound method.
+            bind_f = None
+
+        self.bind_f = bind_f
+        self.fallback = fallback
+        self.class_value = class_value
+
+    def __set_name__(self, owner: "LocalProxy", name: str) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __get__(self, instance: "LocalProxy", owner: t.Optional[type] = None) -> t.Any:
+        if instance is None:
+            if self.class_value is not None:
+                return self.class_value
+
+            return self
+
+        try:
+            obj = instance._get_current_object()
+        except RuntimeError:
+            if self.fallback is None:
+                raise
+
+            return self.fallback.__get__(instance, owner)  # type: ignore
+
+        if self.bind_f is not None:
+            return self.bind_f(instance, obj)
+
+        return getattr(obj, self.name)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"proxy {self.name}"
+
+    def __call__(self, instance: "LocalProxy", *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        """Support calling unbound methods from the class. For example,
+        this happens with ``copy.copy``, which does
+        ``type(x).__copy__(x)``. ``type(x)`` can't be proxied, so it
+        returns the proxy type and descriptor.
+        """
+        return self.__get__(instance, type(instance))(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+class _ProxyIOp(_ProxyLookup):
+    """Look up an augmented assignment method on a proxied object. The
+    method is wrapped to return the proxy instead of the object.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, f: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None, fallback: t.Optional[t.Callable] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(f, fallback)
+
+        def bind_f(instance: "LocalProxy", obj: t.Any) -> t.Callable:
+            def i_op(self: t.Any, other: t.Any) -> "LocalProxy":
+                f(self, other)  # type: ignore
+                return instance
+
+            return i_op.__get__(obj, type(obj))  # type: ignore
+
+        self.bind_f = bind_f
+
+
+def _l_to_r_op(op: F) -> F:
+    """Swap the argument order to turn an l-op into an r-op."""
+
+    def r_op(obj: t.Any, other: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        return op(other, obj)
+
+    return t.cast(F, r_op)
+
+
+class LocalProxy:
+    """A proxy to the object bound to a :class:`Local`. All operations
+    on the proxy are forwarded to the bound object. If no object is
+    bound, a :exc:`RuntimeError` is raised.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        from werkzeug.local import Local
+        l = Local()
+
+        # a proxy to whatever l.user is set to
+        user = l("user")
+
+        from werkzeug.local import LocalStack
+        _request_stack = LocalStack()
+
+        # a proxy to _request_stack.top
+        request = _request_stack()
+
+        # a proxy to the session attribute of the request proxy
+        session = LocalProxy(lambda: request.session)
+
+    ``__repr__`` and ``__class__`` are forwarded, so ``repr(x)`` and
+    ``isinstance(x, cls)`` will look like the proxied object. Use
+    ``issubclass(type(x), LocalProxy)`` to check if an object is a
+    proxy.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        repr(user)  # <User admin>
+        isinstance(user, User)  # True
+        issubclass(type(user), LocalProxy)  # True
+
+    :param local: The :class:`Local` or callable that provides the
+        proxied object.
+    :param name: The attribute name to look up on a :class:`Local`. Not
+        used if a callable is given.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Updated proxied attributes and methods to reflect the current
+        data model.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.6.1
+        The class can be instantiated with a callable.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("__local", "__name", "__wrapped__")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        local: t.Union["Local", t.Callable[[], t.Any]],
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_LocalProxy__local", local)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_LocalProxy__name", name)
+
+        if callable(local) and not hasattr(local, "__release_local__"):
+            # "local" is a callable that is not an instance of Local or
+            # LocalManager: mark it as a wrapped function.
+            object.__setattr__(self, "__wrapped__", local)
+
+    def _get_current_object(self) -> t.Any:
+        """Return the current object.  This is useful if you want the real
+        object behind the proxy at a time for performance reasons or because
+        you want to pass the object into a different context.
+        """
+        if not hasattr(self.__local, "__release_local__"):  # type: ignore
+            return self.__local()  # type: ignore
+
+        try:
+            return getattr(self.__local, self.__name)  # type: ignore
+        except AttributeError:
+            name = self.__name  # type: ignore
+            raise RuntimeError(f"no object bound to {name}") from None
+
+    __doc__ = _ProxyLookup(  # type: ignore
+        class_value=__doc__, fallback=lambda self: type(self).__doc__
+    )
+    # __del__ should only delete the proxy
+    __repr__ = _ProxyLookup(  # type: ignore
+        repr, fallback=lambda self: f"<{type(self).__name__} unbound>"
+    )
+    __str__ = _ProxyLookup(str)  # type: ignore
+    __bytes__ = _ProxyLookup(bytes)
+    __format__ = _ProxyLookup()  # type: ignore
+    __lt__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.lt)
+    __le__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.le)
+    __eq__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.eq)  # type: ignore
+    __ne__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.ne)  # type: ignore
+    __gt__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.gt)
+    __ge__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.ge)
+    __hash__ = _ProxyLookup(hash)  # type: ignore
+    __bool__ = _ProxyLookup(bool, fallback=lambda self: False)
+    __getattr__ = _ProxyLookup(getattr)
+    # __getattribute__ triggered through __getattr__
+    __setattr__ = _ProxyLookup(setattr)  # type: ignore
+    __delattr__ = _ProxyLookup(delattr)  # type: ignore
+    __dir__ = _ProxyLookup(dir, fallback=lambda self: [])  # type: ignore
+    # __get__ (proxying descriptor not supported)
+    # __set__ (descriptor)
+    # __delete__ (descriptor)
+    # __set_name__ (descriptor)
+    # __objclass__ (descriptor)
+    # __slots__ used by proxy itself
+    # __dict__ (__getattr__)
+    # __weakref__ (__getattr__)
+    # __init_subclass__ (proxying metaclass not supported)
+    # __prepare__ (metaclass)
+    __class__ = _ProxyLookup(fallback=lambda self: type(self))  # type: ignore
+    __instancecheck__ = _ProxyLookup(lambda self, other: isinstance(other, self))
+    __subclasscheck__ = _ProxyLookup(lambda self, other: issubclass(other, self))
+    # __class_getitem__ triggered through __getitem__
+    __call__ = _ProxyLookup(lambda self, *args, **kwargs: self(*args, **kwargs))
+    __len__ = _ProxyLookup(len)
+    __length_hint__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.length_hint)
+    __getitem__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.getitem)
+    __setitem__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.setitem)
+    __delitem__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.delitem)
+    # __missing__ triggered through __getitem__
+    __iter__ = _ProxyLookup(iter)
+    __next__ = _ProxyLookup(next)
+    __reversed__ = _ProxyLookup(reversed)
+    __contains__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.contains)
+    __add__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.add)
+    __sub__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.sub)
+    __mul__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.mul)
+    __matmul__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.matmul)
+    __truediv__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.truediv)
+    __floordiv__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.floordiv)
+    __mod__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.mod)
+    __divmod__ = _ProxyLookup(divmod)
+    __pow__ = _ProxyLookup(pow)
+    __lshift__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.lshift)
+    __rshift__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.rshift)
+    __and__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.and_)
+    __xor__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.xor)
+    __or__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.or_)
+    __radd__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.add))
+    __rsub__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.sub))
+    __rmul__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.mul))
+    __rmatmul__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.matmul))
+    __rtruediv__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.truediv))
+    __rfloordiv__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.floordiv))
+    __rmod__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.mod))
+    __rdivmod__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(divmod))
+    __rpow__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(pow))
+    __rlshift__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.lshift))
+    __rrshift__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.rshift))
+    __rand__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.and_))
+    __rxor__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.xor))
+    __ror__ = _ProxyLookup(_l_to_r_op(operator.or_))
+    __iadd__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.iadd)
+    __isub__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.isub)
+    __imul__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.imul)
+    __imatmul__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.imatmul)
+    __itruediv__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.itruediv)
+    __ifloordiv__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.ifloordiv)
+    __imod__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.imod)
+    __ipow__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.ipow)
+    __ilshift__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.ilshift)
+    __irshift__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.irshift)
+    __iand__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.iand)
+    __ixor__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.ixor)
+    __ior__ = _ProxyIOp(operator.ior)
+    __neg__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.neg)
+    __pos__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.pos)
+    __abs__ = _ProxyLookup(abs)
+    __invert__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.invert)
+    __complex__ = _ProxyLookup(complex)
+    __int__ = _ProxyLookup(int)
+    __float__ = _ProxyLookup(float)
+    __index__ = _ProxyLookup(operator.index)
+    __round__ = _ProxyLookup(round)
+    __trunc__ = _ProxyLookup(math.trunc)
+    __floor__ = _ProxyLookup(math.floor)
+    __ceil__ = _ProxyLookup(math.ceil)
+    __enter__ = _ProxyLookup()
+    __exit__ = _ProxyLookup()
+    __await__ = _ProxyLookup()
+    __aiter__ = _ProxyLookup()
+    __anext__ = _ProxyLookup()
+    __aenter__ = _ProxyLookup()
+    __aexit__ = _ProxyLookup()
+    __copy__ = _ProxyLookup(copy.copy)
+    __deepcopy__ = _ProxyLookup(copy.deepcopy)
+    # __getnewargs_ex__ (pickle through proxy not supported)
+    # __getnewargs__ (pickle)
+    # __getstate__ (pickle)
+    # __setstate__ (pickle)
+    # __reduce__ (pickle)
+    # __reduce_ex__ (pickle)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ddcf7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+"""
+Middleware
+==========
+
+A WSGI middleware is a WSGI application that wraps another application
+in order to observe or change its behavior. Werkzeug provides some
+middleware for common use cases.
+
+.. toctree::
+    :maxdepth: 1
+
+    proxy_fix
+    shared_data
+    dispatcher
+    http_proxy
+    lint
+    profiler
+
+The :doc:`interactive debugger </debug>` is also a middleware that can
+be applied manually, although it is typically used automatically with
+the :doc:`development server </serving>`.
+"""
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index 0000000..ace1c75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/dispatcher.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+"""
+Application Dispatcher
+======================
+
+This middleware creates a single WSGI application that dispatches to
+multiple other WSGI applications mounted at different URL paths.
+
+A common example is writing a Single Page Application, where you have a
+backend API and a frontend written in JavaScript that does the routing
+in the browser rather than requesting different pages from the server.
+The frontend is a single HTML and JS file that should be served for any
+path besides "/api".
+
+This example dispatches to an API app under "/api", an admin app
+under "/admin", and an app that serves frontend files for all other
+requests::
+
+    app = DispatcherMiddleware(serve_frontend, {
+        '/api': api_app,
+        '/admin': admin_app,
+    })
+
+In production, you might instead handle this at the HTTP server level,
+serving files or proxying to application servers based on location. The
+API and admin apps would each be deployed with a separate WSGI server,
+and the static files would be served directly by the HTTP server.
+
+.. autoclass:: DispatcherMiddleware
+
+:copyright: 2007 Pallets
+:license: BSD-3-Clause
+"""
+import typing as t
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+class DispatcherMiddleware:
+    """Combine multiple applications as a single WSGI application.
+    Requests are dispatched to an application based on the path it is
+    mounted under.
+
+    :param app: The WSGI application to dispatch to if the request
+        doesn't match a mounted path.
+    :param mounts: Maps path prefixes to applications for dispatching.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: "WSGIApplication",
+        mounts: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, "WSGIApplication"]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        self.mounts = mounts or {}
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+    ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        script = environ.get("PATH_INFO", "")
+        path_info = ""
+
+        while "/" in script:
+            if script in self.mounts:
+                app = self.mounts[script]
+                break
+
+            script, last_item = script.rsplit("/", 1)
+            path_info = f"/{last_item}{path_info}"
+        else:
+            app = self.mounts.get(script, self.app)
+
+        original_script_name = environ.get("SCRIPT_NAME", "")
+        environ["SCRIPT_NAME"] = original_script_name + script
+        environ["PATH_INFO"] = path_info
+        return app(environ, start_response)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/http_proxy.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/http_proxy.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cde458
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/http_proxy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+"""
+Basic HTTP Proxy
+================
+
+.. autoclass:: ProxyMiddleware
+
+:copyright: 2007 Pallets
+:license: BSD-3-Clause
+"""
+import typing as t
+from http import client
+
+from ..datastructures import EnvironHeaders
+from ..http import is_hop_by_hop_header
+from ..urls import url_parse
+from ..urls import url_quote
+from ..wsgi import get_input_stream
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+class ProxyMiddleware:
+    """Proxy requests under a path to an external server, routing other
+    requests to the app.
+
+    This middleware can only proxy HTTP requests, as HTTP is the only
+    protocol handled by the WSGI server. Other protocols, such as
+    WebSocket requests, cannot be proxied at this layer. This should
+    only be used for development, in production a real proxy server
+    should be used.
+
+    The middleware takes a dict mapping a path prefix to a dict
+    describing the host to be proxied to::
+
+        app = ProxyMiddleware(app, {
+            "/static/": {
+                "target": "http://127.0.0.1:5001/",
+            }
+        })
+
+    Each host has the following options:
+
+    ``target``:
+        The target URL to dispatch to. This is required.
+    ``remove_prefix``:
+        Whether to remove the prefix from the URL before dispatching it
+        to the target. The default is ``False``.
+    ``host``:
+        ``"<auto>"`` (default):
+            The host header is automatically rewritten to the URL of the
+            target.
+        ``None``:
+            The host header is unmodified from the client request.
+        Any other value:
+            The host header is overwritten with the value.
+    ``headers``:
+        A dictionary of headers to be sent with the request to the
+        target. The default is ``{}``.
+    ``ssl_context``:
+        A :class:`ssl.SSLContext` defining how to verify requests if the
+        target is HTTPS. The default is ``None``.
+
+    In the example above, everything under ``"/static/"`` is proxied to
+    the server on port 5001. The host header is rewritten to the target,
+    and the ``"/static/"`` prefix is removed from the URLs.
+
+    :param app: The WSGI application to wrap.
+    :param targets: Proxy target configurations. See description above.
+    :param chunk_size: Size of chunks to read from input stream and
+        write to target.
+    :param timeout: Seconds before an operation to a target fails.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.14
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: "WSGIApplication",
+        targets: t.Mapping[str, t.Dict[str, t.Any]],
+        chunk_size: int = 2 << 13,
+        timeout: int = 10,
+    ) -> None:
+        def _set_defaults(opts: t.Dict[str, t.Any]) -> t.Dict[str, t.Any]:
+            opts.setdefault("remove_prefix", False)
+            opts.setdefault("host", "<auto>")
+            opts.setdefault("headers", {})
+            opts.setdefault("ssl_context", None)
+            return opts
+
+        self.app = app
+        self.targets = {
+            f"/{k.strip('/')}/": _set_defaults(v) for k, v in targets.items()
+        }
+        self.chunk_size = chunk_size
+        self.timeout = timeout
+
+    def proxy_to(
+        self, opts: t.Dict[str, t.Any], path: str, prefix: str
+    ) -> "WSGIApplication":
+        target = url_parse(opts["target"])
+        host = t.cast(str, target.ascii_host)
+
+        def application(
+            environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+        ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+            headers = list(EnvironHeaders(environ).items())
+            headers[:] = [
+                (k, v)
+                for k, v in headers
+                if not is_hop_by_hop_header(k)
+                and k.lower() not in ("content-length", "host")
+            ]
+            headers.append(("Connection", "close"))
+
+            if opts["host"] == "<auto>":
+                headers.append(("Host", host))
+            elif opts["host"] is None:
+                headers.append(("Host", environ["HTTP_HOST"]))
+            else:
+                headers.append(("Host", opts["host"]))
+
+            headers.extend(opts["headers"].items())
+            remote_path = path
+
+            if opts["remove_prefix"]:
+                remote_path = remote_path[len(prefix) :].lstrip("/")
+                remote_path = f"{target.path.rstrip('/')}/{remote_path}"
+
+            content_length = environ.get("CONTENT_LENGTH")
+            chunked = False
+
+            if content_length not in ("", None):
+                headers.append(("Content-Length", content_length))  # type: ignore
+            elif content_length is not None:
+                headers.append(("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked"))
+                chunked = True
+
+            try:
+                if target.scheme == "http":
+                    con = client.HTTPConnection(
+                        host, target.port or 80, timeout=self.timeout
+                    )
+                elif target.scheme == "https":
+                    con = client.HTTPSConnection(
+                        host,
+                        target.port or 443,
+                        timeout=self.timeout,
+                        context=opts["ssl_context"],
+                    )
+                else:
+                    raise RuntimeError(
+                        "Target scheme must be 'http' or 'https', got"
+                        f" {target.scheme!r}."
+                    )
+
+                con.connect()
+                remote_url = url_quote(remote_path)
+                querystring = environ["QUERY_STRING"]
+
+                if querystring:
+                    remote_url = f"{remote_url}?{querystring}"
+
+                con.putrequest(environ["REQUEST_METHOD"], remote_url, skip_host=True)
+
+                for k, v in headers:
+                    if k.lower() == "connection":
+                        v = "close"
+
+                    con.putheader(k, v)
+
+                con.endheaders()
+                stream = get_input_stream(environ)
+
+                while True:
+                    data = stream.read(self.chunk_size)
+
+                    if not data:
+                        break
+
+                    if chunked:
+                        con.send(b"%x\r\n%s\r\n" % (len(data), data))
+                    else:
+                        con.send(data)
+
+                resp = con.getresponse()
+            except OSError:
+                from ..exceptions import BadGateway
+
+                return BadGateway()(environ, start_response)
+
+            start_response(
+                f"{resp.status} {resp.reason}",
+                [
+                    (k.title(), v)
+                    for k, v in resp.getheaders()
+                    if not is_hop_by_hop_header(k)
+                ],
+            )
+
+            def read() -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+                while True:
+                    try:
+                        data = resp.read(self.chunk_size)
+                    except OSError:
+                        break
+
+                    if not data:
+                        break
+
+                    yield data
+
+            return read()
+
+        return application
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+    ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        path = environ["PATH_INFO"]
+        app = self.app
+
+        for prefix, opts in self.targets.items():
+            if path.startswith(prefix):
+                app = self.proxy_to(opts, path, prefix)
+                break
+
+        return app(environ, start_response)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/lint.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/lint.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c74703b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/lint.py
@@ -0,0 +1,420 @@
+"""
+WSGI Protocol Linter
+====================
+
+This module provides a middleware that performs sanity checks on the
+behavior of the WSGI server and application. It checks that the
+:pep:`3333` WSGI spec is properly implemented. It also warns on some
+common HTTP errors such as non-empty responses for 304 status codes.
+
+.. autoclass:: LintMiddleware
+
+:copyright: 2007 Pallets
+:license: BSD-3-Clause
+"""
+import typing as t
+from types import TracebackType
+from urllib.parse import urlparse
+from warnings import warn
+
+from ..datastructures import Headers
+from ..http import is_entity_header
+from ..wsgi import FileWrapper
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+class WSGIWarning(Warning):
+    """Warning class for WSGI warnings."""
+
+
+class HTTPWarning(Warning):
+    """Warning class for HTTP warnings."""
+
+
+def check_type(context: str, obj: object, need: t.Type = str) -> None:
+    if type(obj) is not need:
+        warn(
+            f"{context!r} requires {need.__name__!r}, got {type(obj).__name__!r}.",
+            WSGIWarning,
+            stacklevel=3,
+        )
+
+
+class InputStream:
+    def __init__(self, stream: t.IO[bytes]) -> None:
+        self._stream = stream
+
+    def read(self, *args: t.Any) -> bytes:
+        if len(args) == 0:
+            warn(
+                "WSGI does not guarantee an EOF marker on the input stream, thus making"
+                " calls to 'wsgi.input.read()' unsafe. Conforming servers may never"
+                " return from this call.",
+                WSGIWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+        elif len(args) != 1:
+            warn(
+                "Too many parameters passed to 'wsgi.input.read()'.",
+                WSGIWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+        return self._stream.read(*args)
+
+    def readline(self, *args: t.Any) -> bytes:
+        if len(args) == 0:
+            warn(
+                "Calls to 'wsgi.input.readline()' without arguments are unsafe. Use"
+                " 'wsgi.input.read()' instead.",
+                WSGIWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+        elif len(args) == 1:
+            warn(
+                "'wsgi.input.readline()' was called with a size hint. WSGI does not"
+                " support this, although it's available on all major servers.",
+                WSGIWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("Too many arguments passed to 'wsgi.input.readline()'.")
+        return self._stream.readline(*args)
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+        try:
+            return iter(self._stream)
+        except TypeError:
+            warn("'wsgi.input' is not iterable.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return iter(())
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        warn("The application closed the input stream!", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        self._stream.close()
+
+
+class ErrorStream:
+    def __init__(self, stream: t.IO[str]) -> None:
+        self._stream = stream
+
+    def write(self, s: str) -> None:
+        check_type("wsgi.error.write()", s, str)
+        self._stream.write(s)
+
+    def flush(self) -> None:
+        self._stream.flush()
+
+    def writelines(self, seq: t.Iterable[str]) -> None:
+        for line in seq:
+            self.write(line)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        warn("The application closed the error stream!", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        self._stream.close()
+
+
+class GuardedWrite:
+    def __init__(self, write: t.Callable[[bytes], None], chunks: t.List[int]) -> None:
+        self._write = write
+        self._chunks = chunks
+
+    def __call__(self, s: bytes) -> None:
+        check_type("write()", s, bytes)
+        self._write(s)
+        self._chunks.append(len(s))
+
+
+class GuardedIterator:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        iterator: t.Iterable[bytes],
+        headers_set: t.Tuple[int, Headers],
+        chunks: t.List[int],
+    ) -> None:
+        self._iterator = iterator
+        self._next = iter(iterator).__next__
+        self.closed = False
+        self.headers_set = headers_set
+        self.chunks = chunks
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> "GuardedIterator":
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self) -> bytes:
+        if self.closed:
+            warn("Iterated over closed 'app_iter'.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+        rv = self._next()
+
+        if not self.headers_set:
+            warn(
+                "The application returned before it started the response.",
+                WSGIWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+
+        check_type("application iterator items", rv, bytes)
+        self.chunks.append(len(rv))
+        return rv
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        self.closed = True
+
+        if hasattr(self._iterator, "close"):
+            self._iterator.close()  # type: ignore
+
+        if self.headers_set:
+            status_code, headers = self.headers_set
+            bytes_sent = sum(self.chunks)
+            content_length = headers.get("content-length", type=int)
+
+            if status_code == 304:
+                for key, _value in headers:
+                    key = key.lower()
+                    if key not in ("expires", "content-location") and is_entity_header(
+                        key
+                    ):
+                        warn(
+                            f"Entity header {key!r} found in 304 response.", HTTPWarning
+                        )
+                if bytes_sent:
+                    warn("304 responses must not have a body.", HTTPWarning)
+            elif 100 <= status_code < 200 or status_code == 204:
+                if content_length != 0:
+                    warn(
+                        f"{status_code} responses must have an empty content length.",
+                        HTTPWarning,
+                    )
+                if bytes_sent:
+                    warn(f"{status_code} responses must not have a body.", HTTPWarning)
+            elif content_length is not None and content_length != bytes_sent:
+                warn(
+                    "Content-Length and the number of bytes sent to the"
+                    " client do not match.",
+                    WSGIWarning,
+                )
+
+    def __del__(self) -> None:
+        if not self.closed:
+            try:
+                warn(
+                    "Iterator was garbage collected before it was closed.", WSGIWarning
+                )
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+
+class LintMiddleware:
+    """Warns about common errors in the WSGI and HTTP behavior of the
+    server and wrapped application. Some of the issues it checks are:
+
+    -   invalid status codes
+    -   non-bytes sent to the WSGI server
+    -   strings returned from the WSGI application
+    -   non-empty conditional responses
+    -   unquoted etags
+    -   relative URLs in the Location header
+    -   unsafe calls to wsgi.input
+    -   unclosed iterators
+
+    Error information is emitted using the :mod:`warnings` module.
+
+    :param app: The WSGI application to wrap.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        from werkzeug.middleware.lint import LintMiddleware
+        app = LintMiddleware(app)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, app: "WSGIApplication") -> None:
+        self.app = app
+
+    def check_environ(self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment") -> None:
+        if type(environ) is not dict:
+            warn(
+                "WSGI environment is not a standard Python dict.",
+                WSGIWarning,
+                stacklevel=4,
+            )
+        for key in (
+            "REQUEST_METHOD",
+            "SERVER_NAME",
+            "SERVER_PORT",
+            "wsgi.version",
+            "wsgi.input",
+            "wsgi.errors",
+            "wsgi.multithread",
+            "wsgi.multiprocess",
+            "wsgi.run_once",
+        ):
+            if key not in environ:
+                warn(
+                    f"Required environment key {key!r} not found",
+                    WSGIWarning,
+                    stacklevel=3,
+                )
+        if environ["wsgi.version"] != (1, 0):
+            warn("Environ is not a WSGI 1.0 environ.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=3)
+
+        script_name = environ.get("SCRIPT_NAME", "")
+        path_info = environ.get("PATH_INFO", "")
+
+        if script_name and script_name[0] != "/":
+            warn(
+                f"'SCRIPT_NAME' does not start with a slash: {script_name!r}",
+                WSGIWarning,
+                stacklevel=3,
+            )
+
+        if path_info and path_info[0] != "/":
+            warn(
+                f"'PATH_INFO' does not start with a slash: {path_info!r}",
+                WSGIWarning,
+                stacklevel=3,
+            )
+
+    def check_start_response(
+        self,
+        status: str,
+        headers: t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]],
+        exc_info: t.Optional[
+            t.Tuple[t.Type[BaseException], BaseException, TracebackType]
+        ],
+    ) -> t.Tuple[int, Headers]:
+        check_type("status", status, str)
+        status_code_str = status.split(None, 1)[0]
+
+        if len(status_code_str) != 3 or not status_code_str.isdigit():
+            warn("Status code must be three digits.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=3)
+
+        if len(status) < 4 or status[3] != " ":
+            warn(
+                f"Invalid value for status {status!r}. Valid status strings are three"
+                " digits, a space and a status explanation.",
+                WSGIWarning,
+                stacklevel=3,
+            )
+
+        status_code = int(status_code_str)
+
+        if status_code < 100:
+            warn("Status code < 100 detected.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=3)
+
+        if type(headers) is not list:
+            warn("Header list is not a list.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=3)
+
+        for item in headers:
+            if type(item) is not tuple or len(item) != 2:
+                warn("Header items must be 2-item tuples.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=3)
+            name, value = item
+            if type(name) is not str or type(value) is not str:
+                warn(
+                    "Header keys and values must be strings.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=3
+                )
+            if name.lower() == "status":
+                warn(
+                    "The status header is not supported due to"
+                    " conflicts with the CGI spec.",
+                    WSGIWarning,
+                    stacklevel=3,
+                )
+
+        if exc_info is not None and not isinstance(exc_info, tuple):
+            warn("Invalid value for exc_info.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=3)
+
+        headers = Headers(headers)
+        self.check_headers(headers)
+
+        return status_code, headers
+
+    def check_headers(self, headers: Headers) -> None:
+        etag = headers.get("etag")
+
+        if etag is not None:
+            if etag.startswith(("W/", "w/")):
+                if etag.startswith("w/"):
+                    warn(
+                        "Weak etag indicator should be upper case.",
+                        HTTPWarning,
+                        stacklevel=4,
+                    )
+
+                etag = etag[2:]
+
+            if not (etag[:1] == etag[-1:] == '"'):
+                warn("Unquoted etag emitted.", HTTPWarning, stacklevel=4)
+
+        location = headers.get("location")
+
+        if location is not None:
+            if not urlparse(location).netloc:
+                warn(
+                    "Absolute URLs required for location header.",
+                    HTTPWarning,
+                    stacklevel=4,
+                )
+
+    def check_iterator(self, app_iter: t.Iterable[bytes]) -> None:
+        if isinstance(app_iter, bytes):
+            warn(
+                "The application returned a bytestring. The response will send one"
+                " character at a time to the client, which will kill performance."
+                " Return a list or iterable instead.",
+                WSGIWarning,
+                stacklevel=3,
+            )
+
+    def __call__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        if len(args) != 2:
+            warn("A WSGI app takes two arguments.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+        if kwargs:
+            warn(
+                "A WSGI app does not take keyword arguments.", WSGIWarning, stacklevel=2
+            )
+
+        environ: "WSGIEnvironment" = args[0]
+        start_response: "StartResponse" = args[1]
+
+        self.check_environ(environ)
+        environ["wsgi.input"] = InputStream(environ["wsgi.input"])
+        environ["wsgi.errors"] = ErrorStream(environ["wsgi.errors"])
+
+        # Hook our own file wrapper in so that applications will always
+        # iterate to the end and we can check the content length.
+        environ["wsgi.file_wrapper"] = FileWrapper
+
+        headers_set: t.List[t.Any] = []
+        chunks: t.List[int] = []
+
+        def checking_start_response(
+            *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any
+        ) -> t.Callable[[bytes], None]:
+            if len(args) not in {2, 3}:
+                warn(
+                    f"Invalid number of arguments: {len(args)}, expected 2 or 3.",
+                    WSGIWarning,
+                    stacklevel=2,
+                )
+
+            if kwargs:
+                warn("'start_response' does not take keyword arguments.", WSGIWarning)
+
+            status: str = args[0]
+            headers: t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]] = args[1]
+            exc_info: t.Optional[
+                t.Tuple[t.Type[BaseException], BaseException, TracebackType]
+            ] = (args[2] if len(args) == 3 else None)
+
+            headers_set[:] = self.check_start_response(status, headers, exc_info)
+            return GuardedWrite(start_response(status, headers, exc_info), chunks)
+
+        app_iter = self.app(environ, t.cast("StartResponse", checking_start_response))
+        self.check_iterator(app_iter)
+        return GuardedIterator(
+            app_iter, t.cast(t.Tuple[int, Headers], headers_set), chunks
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/profiler.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/profiler.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..200dae0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/profiler.py
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+"""
+Application Profiler
+====================
+
+This module provides a middleware that profiles each request with the
+:mod:`cProfile` module. This can help identify bottlenecks in your code
+that may be slowing down your application.
+
+.. autoclass:: ProfilerMiddleware
+
+:copyright: 2007 Pallets
+:license: BSD-3-Clause
+"""
+import os.path
+import sys
+import time
+import typing as t
+from pstats import Stats
+
+try:
+    from cProfile import Profile
+except ImportError:
+    from profile import Profile  # type: ignore
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+class ProfilerMiddleware:
+    """Wrap a WSGI application and profile the execution of each
+    request. Responses are buffered so that timings are more exact.
+
+    If ``stream`` is given, :class:`pstats.Stats` are written to it
+    after each request. If ``profile_dir`` is given, :mod:`cProfile`
+    data files are saved to that directory, one file per request.
+
+    The filename can be customized by passing ``filename_format``. If
+    it is a string, it will be formatted using :meth:`str.format` with
+    the following fields available:
+
+    -   ``{method}`` - The request method; GET, POST, etc.
+    -   ``{path}`` - The request path or 'root' should one not exist.
+    -   ``{elapsed}`` - The elapsed time of the request.
+    -   ``{time}`` - The time of the request.
+
+    If it is a callable, it will be called with the WSGI ``environ``
+    dict and should return a filename.
+
+    :param app: The WSGI application to wrap.
+    :param stream: Write stats to this stream. Disable with ``None``.
+    :param sort_by: A tuple of columns to sort stats by. See
+        :meth:`pstats.Stats.sort_stats`.
+    :param restrictions: A tuple of restrictions to filter stats by. See
+        :meth:`pstats.Stats.print_stats`.
+    :param profile_dir: Save profile data files to this directory.
+    :param filename_format: Format string for profile data file names,
+        or a callable returning a name. See explanation above.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        from werkzeug.middleware.profiler import ProfilerMiddleware
+        app = ProfilerMiddleware(app)
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        Stats are written even if ``profile_dir`` is given, and can be
+        disable by passing ``stream=None``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.15
+        Added ``filename_format``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        Added ``restrictions`` and ``profile_dir``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: "WSGIApplication",
+        stream: t.IO[str] = sys.stdout,
+        sort_by: t.Iterable[str] = ("time", "calls"),
+        restrictions: t.Iterable[t.Union[str, int, float]] = (),
+        profile_dir: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        filename_format: str = "{method}.{path}.{elapsed:.0f}ms.{time:.0f}.prof",
+    ) -> None:
+        self._app = app
+        self._stream = stream
+        self._sort_by = sort_by
+        self._restrictions = restrictions
+        self._profile_dir = profile_dir
+        self._filename_format = filename_format
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+    ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        response_body: t.List[bytes] = []
+
+        def catching_start_response(status, headers, exc_info=None):  # type: ignore
+            start_response(status, headers, exc_info)
+            return response_body.append
+
+        def runapp() -> None:
+            app_iter = self._app(
+                environ, t.cast("StartResponse", catching_start_response)
+            )
+            response_body.extend(app_iter)
+
+            if hasattr(app_iter, "close"):
+                app_iter.close()  # type: ignore
+
+        profile = Profile()
+        start = time.time()
+        profile.runcall(runapp)
+        body = b"".join(response_body)
+        elapsed = time.time() - start
+
+        if self._profile_dir is not None:
+            if callable(self._filename_format):
+                filename = self._filename_format(environ)
+            else:
+                filename = self._filename_format.format(
+                    method=environ["REQUEST_METHOD"],
+                    path=environ["PATH_INFO"].strip("/").replace("/", ".") or "root",
+                    elapsed=elapsed * 1000.0,
+                    time=time.time(),
+                )
+            filename = os.path.join(self._profile_dir, filename)
+            profile.dump_stats(filename)
+
+        if self._stream is not None:
+            stats = Stats(profile, stream=self._stream)
+            stats.sort_stats(*self._sort_by)
+            print("-" * 80, file=self._stream)
+            path_info = environ.get("PATH_INFO", "")
+            print(f"PATH: {path_info!r}", file=self._stream)
+            stats.print_stats(*self._restrictions)
+            print(f"{'-' * 80}\n", file=self._stream)
+
+        return [body]
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/proxy_fix.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/proxy_fix.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e90b1b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/proxy_fix.py
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+"""
+X-Forwarded-For Proxy Fix
+=========================
+
+This module provides a middleware that adjusts the WSGI environ based on
+``X-Forwarded-`` headers that proxies in front of an application may
+set.
+
+When an application is running behind a proxy server, WSGI may see the
+request as coming from that server rather than the real client. Proxies
+set various headers to track where the request actually came from.
+
+This middleware should only be used if the application is actually
+behind such a proxy, and should be configured with the number of proxies
+that are chained in front of it. Not all proxies set all the headers.
+Since incoming headers can be faked, you must set how many proxies are
+setting each header so the middleware knows what to trust.
+
+.. autoclass:: ProxyFix
+
+:copyright: 2007 Pallets
+:license: BSD-3-Clause
+"""
+import typing as t
+
+from ..http import parse_list_header
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+class ProxyFix:
+    """Adjust the WSGI environ based on ``X-Forwarded-`` that proxies in
+    front of the application may set.
+
+    -   ``X-Forwarded-For`` sets ``REMOTE_ADDR``.
+    -   ``X-Forwarded-Proto`` sets ``wsgi.url_scheme``.
+    -   ``X-Forwarded-Host`` sets ``HTTP_HOST``, ``SERVER_NAME``, and
+        ``SERVER_PORT``.
+    -   ``X-Forwarded-Port`` sets ``HTTP_HOST`` and ``SERVER_PORT``.
+    -   ``X-Forwarded-Prefix`` sets ``SCRIPT_NAME``.
+
+    You must tell the middleware how many proxies set each header so it
+    knows what values to trust. It is a security issue to trust values
+    that came from the client rather than a proxy.
+
+    The original values of the headers are stored in the WSGI
+    environ as ``werkzeug.proxy_fix.orig``, a dict.
+
+    :param app: The WSGI application to wrap.
+    :param x_for: Number of values to trust for ``X-Forwarded-For``.
+    :param x_proto: Number of values to trust for ``X-Forwarded-Proto``.
+    :param x_host: Number of values to trust for ``X-Forwarded-Host``.
+    :param x_port: Number of values to trust for ``X-Forwarded-Port``.
+    :param x_prefix: Number of values to trust for
+        ``X-Forwarded-Prefix``.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        from werkzeug.middleware.proxy_fix import ProxyFix
+        # App is behind one proxy that sets the -For and -Host headers.
+        app = ProxyFix(app, x_for=1, x_host=1)
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+        Deprecated code has been removed:
+
+        *   The ``num_proxies`` argument and attribute.
+        *   The ``get_remote_addr`` method.
+        *   The environ keys ``orig_remote_addr``,
+            ``orig_wsgi_url_scheme``, and ``orig_http_host``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        All headers support multiple values. The ``num_proxies``
+        argument is deprecated. Each header is configured with a
+        separate number of trusted proxies.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        Original WSGI environ values are stored in the
+        ``werkzeug.proxy_fix.orig`` dict. ``orig_remote_addr``,
+        ``orig_wsgi_url_scheme``, and ``orig_http_host`` are deprecated
+        and will be removed in 1.0.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        Support ``X-Forwarded-Port`` and ``X-Forwarded-Prefix``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        ``X-Forwarded-Host`` and ``X-Forwarded-Port`` modify
+        ``SERVER_NAME`` and ``SERVER_PORT``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: "WSGIApplication",
+        x_for: int = 1,
+        x_proto: int = 1,
+        x_host: int = 0,
+        x_port: int = 0,
+        x_prefix: int = 0,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        self.x_for = x_for
+        self.x_proto = x_proto
+        self.x_host = x_host
+        self.x_port = x_port
+        self.x_prefix = x_prefix
+
+    def _get_real_value(self, trusted: int, value: t.Optional[str]) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """Get the real value from a list header based on the configured
+        number of trusted proxies.
+
+        :param trusted: Number of values to trust in the header.
+        :param value: Comma separated list header value to parse.
+        :return: The real value, or ``None`` if there are fewer values
+            than the number of trusted proxies.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+            Renamed from ``_get_trusted_comma``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.15
+        """
+        if not (trusted and value):
+            return None
+        values = parse_list_header(value)
+        if len(values) >= trusted:
+            return values[-trusted]
+        return None
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+    ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        """Modify the WSGI environ based on the various ``Forwarded``
+        headers before calling the wrapped application. Store the
+        original environ values in ``werkzeug.proxy_fix.orig_{key}``.
+        """
+        environ_get = environ.get
+        orig_remote_addr = environ_get("REMOTE_ADDR")
+        orig_wsgi_url_scheme = environ_get("wsgi.url_scheme")
+        orig_http_host = environ_get("HTTP_HOST")
+        environ.update(
+            {
+                "werkzeug.proxy_fix.orig": {
+                    "REMOTE_ADDR": orig_remote_addr,
+                    "wsgi.url_scheme": orig_wsgi_url_scheme,
+                    "HTTP_HOST": orig_http_host,
+                    "SERVER_NAME": environ_get("SERVER_NAME"),
+                    "SERVER_PORT": environ_get("SERVER_PORT"),
+                    "SCRIPT_NAME": environ_get("SCRIPT_NAME"),
+                }
+            }
+        )
+
+        x_for = self._get_real_value(self.x_for, environ_get("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR"))
+        if x_for:
+            environ["REMOTE_ADDR"] = x_for
+
+        x_proto = self._get_real_value(
+            self.x_proto, environ_get("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO")
+        )
+        if x_proto:
+            environ["wsgi.url_scheme"] = x_proto
+
+        x_host = self._get_real_value(self.x_host, environ_get("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_HOST"))
+        if x_host:
+            environ["HTTP_HOST"] = x_host
+            parts = x_host.split(":", 1)
+            environ["SERVER_NAME"] = parts[0]
+            if len(parts) == 2:
+                environ["SERVER_PORT"] = parts[1]
+
+        x_port = self._get_real_value(self.x_port, environ_get("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PORT"))
+        if x_port:
+            host = environ.get("HTTP_HOST")
+            if host:
+                parts = host.split(":", 1)
+                host = parts[0] if len(parts) == 2 else host
+                environ["HTTP_HOST"] = f"{host}:{x_port}"
+            environ["SERVER_PORT"] = x_port
+
+        x_prefix = self._get_real_value(
+            self.x_prefix, environ_get("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PREFIX")
+        )
+        if x_prefix:
+            environ["SCRIPT_NAME"] = x_prefix
+
+        return self.app(environ, start_response)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/shared_data.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/shared_data.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..62da672
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/middleware/shared_data.py
@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+"""
+Serve Shared Static Files
+=========================
+
+.. autoclass:: SharedDataMiddleware
+    :members: is_allowed
+
+:copyright: 2007 Pallets
+:license: BSD-3-Clause
+"""
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import pkgutil
+import posixpath
+import typing as t
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timezone
+from io import BytesIO
+from time import time
+from zlib import adler32
+
+from ..filesystem import get_filesystem_encoding
+from ..http import http_date
+from ..http import is_resource_modified
+from ..security import safe_join
+from ..utils import get_content_type
+from ..wsgi import get_path_info
+from ..wsgi import wrap_file
+
+_TOpener = t.Callable[[], t.Tuple[t.IO[bytes], datetime, int]]
+_TLoader = t.Callable[[t.Optional[str]], t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[_TOpener]]]
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+class SharedDataMiddleware:
+
+    """A WSGI middleware which provides static content for development
+    environments or simple server setups. Its usage is quite simple::
+
+        import os
+        from werkzeug.middleware.shared_data import SharedDataMiddleware
+
+        app = SharedDataMiddleware(app, {
+            '/shared': os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'shared')
+        })
+
+    The contents of the folder ``./shared`` will now be available on
+    ``http://example.com/shared/``.  This is pretty useful during development
+    because a standalone media server is not required. Files can also be
+    mounted on the root folder and still continue to use the application because
+    the shared data middleware forwards all unhandled requests to the
+    application, even if the requests are below one of the shared folders.
+
+    If `pkg_resources` is available you can also tell the middleware to serve
+    files from package data::
+
+        app = SharedDataMiddleware(app, {
+            '/static': ('myapplication', 'static')
+        })
+
+    This will then serve the ``static`` folder in the `myapplication`
+    Python package.
+
+    The optional `disallow` parameter can be a list of :func:`~fnmatch.fnmatch`
+    rules for files that are not accessible from the web.  If `cache` is set to
+    `False` no caching headers are sent.
+
+    Currently the middleware does not support non-ASCII filenames. If the
+    encoding on the file system happens to match the encoding of the URI it may
+    work but this could also be by accident. We strongly suggest using ASCII
+    only file names for static files.
+
+    The middleware will guess the mimetype using the Python `mimetype`
+    module.  If it's unable to figure out the charset it will fall back
+    to `fallback_mimetype`.
+
+    :param app: the application to wrap.  If you don't want to wrap an
+                application you can pass it :exc:`NotFound`.
+    :param exports: a list or dict of exported files and folders.
+    :param disallow: a list of :func:`~fnmatch.fnmatch` rules.
+    :param cache: enable or disable caching headers.
+    :param cache_timeout: the cache timeout in seconds for the headers.
+    :param fallback_mimetype: The fallback mimetype for unknown files.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+        The default ``fallback_mimetype`` is
+        ``application/octet-stream``. If a filename looks like a text
+        mimetype, the ``utf-8`` charset is added to it.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6
+        Added ``fallback_mimetype``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+        Added ``cache_timeout``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: "WSGIApplication",
+        exports: t.Union[
+            t.Dict[str, t.Union[str, t.Tuple[str, str]]],
+            t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, t.Union[str, t.Tuple[str, str]]]],
+        ],
+        disallow: None = None,
+        cache: bool = True,
+        cache_timeout: int = 60 * 60 * 12,
+        fallback_mimetype: str = "application/octet-stream",
+    ) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        self.exports: t.List[t.Tuple[str, _TLoader]] = []
+        self.cache = cache
+        self.cache_timeout = cache_timeout
+
+        if isinstance(exports, dict):
+            exports = exports.items()
+
+        for key, value in exports:
+            if isinstance(value, tuple):
+                loader = self.get_package_loader(*value)
+            elif isinstance(value, str):
+                if os.path.isfile(value):
+                    loader = self.get_file_loader(value)
+                else:
+                    loader = self.get_directory_loader(value)
+            else:
+                raise TypeError(f"unknown def {value!r}")
+
+            self.exports.append((key, loader))
+
+        if disallow is not None:
+            from fnmatch import fnmatch
+
+            self.is_allowed = lambda x: not fnmatch(x, disallow)
+
+        self.fallback_mimetype = fallback_mimetype
+
+    def is_allowed(self, filename: str) -> bool:
+        """Subclasses can override this method to disallow the access to
+        certain files.  However by providing `disallow` in the constructor
+        this method is overwritten.
+        """
+        return True
+
+    def _opener(self, filename: str) -> _TOpener:
+        return lambda: (
+            open(filename, "rb"),
+            datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(filename), tz=timezone.utc),
+            int(os.path.getsize(filename)),
+        )
+
+    def get_file_loader(self, filename: str) -> _TLoader:
+        return lambda x: (os.path.basename(filename), self._opener(filename))
+
+    def get_package_loader(self, package: str, package_path: str) -> _TLoader:
+        load_time = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        provider = pkgutil.get_loader(package)
+
+        if hasattr(provider, "get_resource_reader"):
+            # Python 3
+            reader = provider.get_resource_reader(package)  # type: ignore
+
+            def loader(
+                path: t.Optional[str],
+            ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[_TOpener]]:
+                if path is None:
+                    return None, None
+
+                path = safe_join(package_path, path)
+
+                if path is None:
+                    return None, None
+
+                basename = posixpath.basename(path)
+
+                try:
+                    resource = reader.open_resource(path)
+                except OSError:
+                    return None, None
+
+                if isinstance(resource, BytesIO):
+                    return (
+                        basename,
+                        lambda: (resource, load_time, len(resource.getvalue())),
+                    )
+
+                return (
+                    basename,
+                    lambda: (
+                        resource,
+                        datetime.fromtimestamp(
+                            os.path.getmtime(resource.name), tz=timezone.utc
+                        ),
+                        os.path.getsize(resource.name),
+                    ),
+                )
+
+        else:
+            # Python 3.6
+            package_filename = provider.get_filename(package)  # type: ignore
+            is_filesystem = os.path.exists(package_filename)
+            root = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(package_filename), package_path)
+
+            def loader(
+                path: t.Optional[str],
+            ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[_TOpener]]:
+                if path is None:
+                    return None, None
+
+                path = safe_join(root, path)
+
+                if path is None:
+                    return None, None
+
+                basename = posixpath.basename(path)
+
+                if is_filesystem:
+                    if not os.path.isfile(path):
+                        return None, None
+
+                    return basename, self._opener(path)
+
+                try:
+                    data = provider.get_data(path)  # type: ignore
+                except OSError:
+                    return None, None
+
+                return basename, lambda: (BytesIO(data), load_time, len(data))
+
+        return loader
+
+    def get_directory_loader(self, directory: str) -> _TLoader:
+        def loader(
+            path: t.Optional[str],
+        ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[_TOpener]]:
+            if path is not None:
+                path = safe_join(directory, path)
+
+                if path is None:
+                    return None, None
+            else:
+                path = directory
+
+            if os.path.isfile(path):
+                return os.path.basename(path), self._opener(path)
+
+            return None, None
+
+        return loader
+
+    def generate_etag(self, mtime: datetime, file_size: int, real_filename: str) -> str:
+        if not isinstance(real_filename, bytes):
+            real_filename = real_filename.encode(  # type: ignore
+                get_filesystem_encoding()
+            )
+
+        timestamp = mtime.timestamp()
+        checksum = adler32(real_filename) & 0xFFFFFFFF  # type: ignore
+        return f"wzsdm-{timestamp}-{file_size}-{checksum}"
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+    ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        path = get_path_info(environ)
+        file_loader = None
+
+        for search_path, loader in self.exports:
+            if search_path == path:
+                real_filename, file_loader = loader(None)
+
+                if file_loader is not None:
+                    break
+
+            if not search_path.endswith("/"):
+                search_path += "/"
+
+            if path.startswith(search_path):
+                real_filename, file_loader = loader(path[len(search_path) :])
+
+                if file_loader is not None:
+                    break
+
+        if file_loader is None or not self.is_allowed(real_filename):  # type: ignore
+            return self.app(environ, start_response)
+
+        guessed_type = mimetypes.guess_type(real_filename)  # type: ignore
+        mime_type = get_content_type(guessed_type[0] or self.fallback_mimetype, "utf-8")
+        f, mtime, file_size = file_loader()
+
+        headers = [("Date", http_date())]
+
+        if self.cache:
+            timeout = self.cache_timeout
+            etag = self.generate_etag(mtime, file_size, real_filename)  # type: ignore
+            headers += [
+                ("Etag", f'"{etag}"'),
+                ("Cache-Control", f"max-age={timeout}, public"),
+            ]
+
+            if not is_resource_modified(environ, etag, last_modified=mtime):
+                f.close()
+                start_response("304 Not Modified", headers)
+                return []
+
+            headers.append(("Expires", http_date(time() + timeout)))
+        else:
+            headers.append(("Cache-Control", "public"))
+
+        headers.extend(
+            (
+                ("Content-Type", mime_type),
+                ("Content-Length", str(file_size)),
+                ("Last-Modified", http_date(mtime)),
+            )
+        )
+        start_response("200 OK", headers)
+        return wrap_file(environ, f)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/py.typed b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/py.typed
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
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+"""When it comes to combining multiple controller or view functions
+(however you want to call them) you need a dispatcher. A simple way
+would be applying regular expression tests on the ``PATH_INFO`` and
+calling registered callback functions that return the value then.
+
+This module implements a much more powerful system than simple regular
+expression matching because it can also convert values in the URLs and
+build URLs.
+
+Here a simple example that creates a URL map for an application with
+two subdomains (www and kb) and some URL rules:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    m = Map([
+        # Static URLs
+        Rule('/', endpoint='static/index'),
+        Rule('/about', endpoint='static/about'),
+        Rule('/help', endpoint='static/help'),
+        # Knowledge Base
+        Subdomain('kb', [
+            Rule('/', endpoint='kb/index'),
+            Rule('/browse/', endpoint='kb/browse'),
+            Rule('/browse/<int:id>/', endpoint='kb/browse'),
+            Rule('/browse/<int:id>/<int:page>', endpoint='kb/browse')
+        ])
+    ], default_subdomain='www')
+
+If the application doesn't use subdomains it's perfectly fine to not set
+the default subdomain and not use the `Subdomain` rule factory. The
+endpoint in the rules can be anything, for example import paths or
+unique identifiers. The WSGI application can use those endpoints to get the
+handler for that URL.  It doesn't have to be a string at all but it's
+recommended.
+
+Now it's possible to create a URL adapter for one of the subdomains and
+build URLs:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    c = m.bind('example.com')
+
+    c.build("kb/browse", dict(id=42))
+    'http://kb.example.com/browse/42/'
+
+    c.build("kb/browse", dict())
+    'http://kb.example.com/browse/'
+
+    c.build("kb/browse", dict(id=42, page=3))
+    'http://kb.example.com/browse/42/3'
+
+    c.build("static/about")
+    '/about'
+
+    c.build("static/index", force_external=True)
+    'http://www.example.com/'
+
+    c = m.bind('example.com', subdomain='kb')
+
+    c.build("static/about")
+    'http://www.example.com/about'
+
+The first argument to bind is the server name *without* the subdomain.
+Per default it will assume that the script is mounted on the root, but
+often that's not the case so you can provide the real mount point as
+second argument:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    c = m.bind('example.com', '/applications/example')
+
+The third argument can be the subdomain, if not given the default
+subdomain is used.  For more details about binding have a look at the
+documentation of the `MapAdapter`.
+
+And here is how you can match URLs:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    c = m.bind('example.com')
+
+    c.match("/")
+    ('static/index', {})
+
+    c.match("/about")
+    ('static/about', {})
+
+    c = m.bind('example.com', '/', 'kb')
+
+    c.match("/")
+    ('kb/index', {})
+
+    c.match("/browse/42/23")
+    ('kb/browse', {'id': 42, 'page': 23})
+
+If matching fails you get a ``NotFound`` exception, if the rule thinks
+it's a good idea to redirect (for example because the URL was defined
+to have a slash at the end but the request was missing that slash) it
+will raise a ``RequestRedirect`` exception. Both are subclasses of
+``HTTPException`` so you can use those errors as responses in the
+application.
+
+If matching succeeded but the URL rule was incompatible to the given
+method (for example there were only rules for ``GET`` and ``HEAD`` but
+routing tried to match a ``POST`` request) a ``MethodNotAllowed``
+exception is raised.
+"""
+import ast
+import difflib
+import posixpath
+import re
+import typing
+import typing as t
+import uuid
+import warnings
+from pprint import pformat
+from string import Template
+from threading import Lock
+from types import CodeType
+
+from ._internal import _encode_idna
+from ._internal import _get_environ
+from ._internal import _to_bytes
+from ._internal import _to_str
+from ._internal import _wsgi_decoding_dance
+from .datastructures import ImmutableDict
+from .datastructures import MultiDict
+from .exceptions import BadHost
+from .exceptions import BadRequest
+from .exceptions import HTTPException
+from .exceptions import MethodNotAllowed
+from .exceptions import NotFound
+from .urls import _fast_url_quote
+from .urls import url_encode
+from .urls import url_join
+from .urls import url_quote
+from .urls import url_unquote
+from .utils import cached_property
+from .utils import redirect
+from .wsgi import get_host
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+    from .wrappers.response import Response
+
+_rule_re = re.compile(
+    r"""
+    (?P<static>[^<]*)                           # static rule data
+    <
+    (?:
+        (?P<converter>[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)   # converter name
+        (?:\((?P<args>.*?)\))?                  # converter arguments
+        \:                                      # variable delimiter
+    )?
+    (?P<variable>[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*)        # variable name
+    >
+    """,
+    re.VERBOSE,
+)
+_simple_rule_re = re.compile(r"<([^>]+)>")
+_converter_args_re = re.compile(
+    r"""
+    ((?P<name>\w+)\s*=\s*)?
+    (?P<value>
+        True|False|
+        \d+.\d+|
+        \d+.|
+        \d+|
+        [\w\d_.]+|
+        [urUR]?(?P<stringval>"[^"]*?"|'[^']*')
+    )\s*,
+    """,
+    re.VERBOSE,
+)
+
+
+_PYTHON_CONSTANTS = {"None": None, "True": True, "False": False}
+
+
+def _pythonize(value: str) -> t.Union[None, bool, int, float, str]:
+    if value in _PYTHON_CONSTANTS:
+        return _PYTHON_CONSTANTS[value]
+    for convert in int, float:
+        try:
+            return convert(value)  # type: ignore
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+    if value[:1] == value[-1:] and value[0] in "\"'":
+        value = value[1:-1]
+    return str(value)
+
+
+def parse_converter_args(argstr: str) -> t.Tuple[t.Tuple, t.Dict[str, t.Any]]:
+    argstr += ","
+    args = []
+    kwargs = {}
+
+    for item in _converter_args_re.finditer(argstr):
+        value = item.group("stringval")
+        if value is None:
+            value = item.group("value")
+        value = _pythonize(value)
+        if not item.group("name"):
+            args.append(value)
+        else:
+            name = item.group("name")
+            kwargs[name] = value
+
+    return tuple(args), kwargs
+
+
+def parse_rule(rule: str) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str], str]]:
+    """Parse a rule and return it as generator. Each iteration yields tuples
+    in the form ``(converter, arguments, variable)``. If the converter is
+    `None` it's a static url part, otherwise it's a dynamic one.
+
+    :internal:
+    """
+    pos = 0
+    end = len(rule)
+    do_match = _rule_re.match
+    used_names = set()
+    while pos < end:
+        m = do_match(rule, pos)
+        if m is None:
+            break
+        data = m.groupdict()
+        if data["static"]:
+            yield None, None, data["static"]
+        variable = data["variable"]
+        converter = data["converter"] or "default"
+        if variable in used_names:
+            raise ValueError(f"variable name {variable!r} used twice.")
+        used_names.add(variable)
+        yield converter, data["args"] or None, variable
+        pos = m.end()
+    if pos < end:
+        remaining = rule[pos:]
+        if ">" in remaining or "<" in remaining:
+            raise ValueError(f"malformed url rule: {rule!r}")
+        yield None, None, remaining
+
+
+class RoutingException(Exception):
+    """Special exceptions that require the application to redirect, notifying
+    about missing urls, etc.
+
+    :internal:
+    """
+
+
+class RequestRedirect(HTTPException, RoutingException):
+    """Raise if the map requests a redirect. This is for example the case if
+    `strict_slashes` are activated and an url that requires a trailing slash.
+
+    The attribute `new_url` contains the absolute destination url.
+    """
+
+    code = 308
+
+    def __init__(self, new_url: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(new_url)
+        self.new_url = new_url
+
+    def get_response(
+        self,
+        environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None,
+        scope: t.Optional[dict] = None,
+    ) -> "Response":
+        return redirect(self.new_url, self.code)
+
+
+class RequestPath(RoutingException):
+    """Internal exception."""
+
+    __slots__ = ("path_info",)
+
+    def __init__(self, path_info: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self.path_info = path_info
+
+
+class RequestAliasRedirect(RoutingException):  # noqa: B903
+    """This rule is an alias and wants to redirect to the canonical URL."""
+
+    def __init__(self, matched_values: t.Mapping[str, t.Any]) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self.matched_values = matched_values
+
+
+class BuildError(RoutingException, LookupError):
+    """Raised if the build system cannot find a URL for an endpoint with the
+    values provided.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        endpoint: str,
+        values: t.Mapping[str, t.Any],
+        method: t.Optional[str],
+        adapter: t.Optional["MapAdapter"] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(endpoint, values, method)
+        self.endpoint = endpoint
+        self.values = values
+        self.method = method
+        self.adapter = adapter
+
+    @cached_property
+    def suggested(self) -> t.Optional["Rule"]:
+        return self.closest_rule(self.adapter)
+
+    def closest_rule(self, adapter: t.Optional["MapAdapter"]) -> t.Optional["Rule"]:
+        def _score_rule(rule: "Rule") -> float:
+            return sum(
+                [
+                    0.98
+                    * difflib.SequenceMatcher(
+                        None, rule.endpoint, self.endpoint
+                    ).ratio(),
+                    0.01 * bool(set(self.values or ()).issubset(rule.arguments)),
+                    0.01 * bool(rule.methods and self.method in rule.methods),
+                ]
+            )
+
+        if adapter and adapter.map._rules:
+            return max(adapter.map._rules, key=_score_rule)
+
+        return None
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        message = [f"Could not build url for endpoint {self.endpoint!r}"]
+        if self.method:
+            message.append(f" ({self.method!r})")
+        if self.values:
+            message.append(f" with values {sorted(self.values)!r}")
+        message.append(".")
+        if self.suggested:
+            if self.endpoint == self.suggested.endpoint:
+                if (
+                    self.method
+                    and self.suggested.methods is not None
+                    and self.method not in self.suggested.methods
+                ):
+                    message.append(
+                        " Did you mean to use methods"
+                        f" {sorted(self.suggested.methods)!r}?"
+                    )
+                missing_values = self.suggested.arguments.union(
+                    set(self.suggested.defaults or ())
+                ) - set(self.values.keys())
+                if missing_values:
+                    message.append(
+                        f" Did you forget to specify values {sorted(missing_values)!r}?"
+                    )
+            else:
+                message.append(f" Did you mean {self.suggested.endpoint!r} instead?")
+        return "".join(message)
+
+
+class WebsocketMismatch(BadRequest):
+    """The only matched rule is either a WebSocket and the request is
+    HTTP, or the rule is HTTP and the request is a WebSocket.
+    """
+
+
+class ValidationError(ValueError):
+    """Validation error.  If a rule converter raises this exception the rule
+    does not match the current URL and the next URL is tried.
+    """
+
+
+class RuleFactory:
+    """As soon as you have more complex URL setups it's a good idea to use rule
+    factories to avoid repetitive tasks.  Some of them are builtin, others can
+    be added by subclassing `RuleFactory` and overriding `get_rules`.
+    """
+
+    def get_rules(self, map: "Map") -> t.Iterable["Rule"]:
+        """Subclasses of `RuleFactory` have to override this method and return
+        an iterable of rules."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class Subdomain(RuleFactory):
+    """All URLs provided by this factory have the subdomain set to a
+    specific domain. For example if you want to use the subdomain for
+    the current language this can be a good setup::
+
+        url_map = Map([
+            Rule('/', endpoint='#select_language'),
+            Subdomain('<string(length=2):lang_code>', [
+                Rule('/', endpoint='index'),
+                Rule('/about', endpoint='about'),
+                Rule('/help', endpoint='help')
+            ])
+        ])
+
+    All the rules except for the ``'#select_language'`` endpoint will now
+    listen on a two letter long subdomain that holds the language code
+    for the current request.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, subdomain: str, rules: t.Iterable[RuleFactory]) -> None:
+        self.subdomain = subdomain
+        self.rules = rules
+
+    def get_rules(self, map: "Map") -> t.Iterator["Rule"]:
+        for rulefactory in self.rules:
+            for rule in rulefactory.get_rules(map):
+                rule = rule.empty()
+                rule.subdomain = self.subdomain
+                yield rule
+
+
+class Submount(RuleFactory):
+    """Like `Subdomain` but prefixes the URL rule with a given string::
+
+        url_map = Map([
+            Rule('/', endpoint='index'),
+            Submount('/blog', [
+                Rule('/', endpoint='blog/index'),
+                Rule('/entry/<entry_slug>', endpoint='blog/show')
+            ])
+        ])
+
+    Now the rule ``'blog/show'`` matches ``/blog/entry/<entry_slug>``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, path: str, rules: t.Iterable[RuleFactory]) -> None:
+        self.path = path.rstrip("/")
+        self.rules = rules
+
+    def get_rules(self, map: "Map") -> t.Iterator["Rule"]:
+        for rulefactory in self.rules:
+            for rule in rulefactory.get_rules(map):
+                rule = rule.empty()
+                rule.rule = self.path + rule.rule
+                yield rule
+
+
+class EndpointPrefix(RuleFactory):
+    """Prefixes all endpoints (which must be strings for this factory) with
+    another string. This can be useful for sub applications::
+
+        url_map = Map([
+            Rule('/', endpoint='index'),
+            EndpointPrefix('blog/', [Submount('/blog', [
+                Rule('/', endpoint='index'),
+                Rule('/entry/<entry_slug>', endpoint='show')
+            ])])
+        ])
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, prefix: str, rules: t.Iterable[RuleFactory]) -> None:
+        self.prefix = prefix
+        self.rules = rules
+
+    def get_rules(self, map: "Map") -> t.Iterator["Rule"]:
+        for rulefactory in self.rules:
+            for rule in rulefactory.get_rules(map):
+                rule = rule.empty()
+                rule.endpoint = self.prefix + rule.endpoint
+                yield rule
+
+
+class RuleTemplate:
+    """Returns copies of the rules wrapped and expands string templates in
+    the endpoint, rule, defaults or subdomain sections.
+
+    Here a small example for such a rule template::
+
+        from werkzeug.routing import Map, Rule, RuleTemplate
+
+        resource = RuleTemplate([
+            Rule('/$name/', endpoint='$name.list'),
+            Rule('/$name/<int:id>', endpoint='$name.show')
+        ])
+
+        url_map = Map([resource(name='user'), resource(name='page')])
+
+    When a rule template is called the keyword arguments are used to
+    replace the placeholders in all the string parameters.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, rules: t.Iterable["Rule"]) -> None:
+        self.rules = list(rules)
+
+    def __call__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "RuleTemplateFactory":
+        return RuleTemplateFactory(self.rules, dict(*args, **kwargs))
+
+
+class RuleTemplateFactory(RuleFactory):
+    """A factory that fills in template variables into rules.  Used by
+    `RuleTemplate` internally.
+
+    :internal:
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, rules: t.Iterable[RuleFactory], context: t.Dict[str, t.Any]
+    ) -> None:
+        self.rules = rules
+        self.context = context
+
+    def get_rules(self, map: "Map") -> t.Iterator["Rule"]:
+        for rulefactory in self.rules:
+            for rule in rulefactory.get_rules(map):
+                new_defaults = subdomain = None
+                if rule.defaults:
+                    new_defaults = {}
+                    for key, value in rule.defaults.items():
+                        if isinstance(value, str):
+                            value = Template(value).substitute(self.context)
+                        new_defaults[key] = value
+                if rule.subdomain is not None:
+                    subdomain = Template(rule.subdomain).substitute(self.context)
+                new_endpoint = rule.endpoint
+                if isinstance(new_endpoint, str):
+                    new_endpoint = Template(new_endpoint).substitute(self.context)
+                yield Rule(
+                    Template(rule.rule).substitute(self.context),
+                    new_defaults,
+                    subdomain,
+                    rule.methods,
+                    rule.build_only,
+                    new_endpoint,
+                    rule.strict_slashes,
+                )
+
+
+def _prefix_names(src: str) -> ast.stmt:
+    """ast parse and prefix names with `.` to avoid collision with user vars"""
+    tree = ast.parse(src).body[0]
+    if isinstance(tree, ast.Expr):
+        tree = tree.value  # type: ignore
+    for node in ast.walk(tree):
+        if isinstance(node, ast.Name):
+            node.id = f".{node.id}"
+    return tree
+
+
+_CALL_CONVERTER_CODE_FMT = "self._converters[{elem!r}].to_url()"
+_IF_KWARGS_URL_ENCODE_CODE = """\
+if kwargs:
+    q = '?'
+    params = self._encode_query_vars(kwargs)
+else:
+    q = params = ''
+"""
+_IF_KWARGS_URL_ENCODE_AST = _prefix_names(_IF_KWARGS_URL_ENCODE_CODE)
+_URL_ENCODE_AST_NAMES = (_prefix_names("q"), _prefix_names("params"))
+
+
+class Rule(RuleFactory):
+    """A Rule represents one URL pattern.  There are some options for `Rule`
+    that change the way it behaves and are passed to the `Rule` constructor.
+    Note that besides the rule-string all arguments *must* be keyword arguments
+    in order to not break the application on Werkzeug upgrades.
+
+    `string`
+        Rule strings basically are just normal URL paths with placeholders in
+        the format ``<converter(arguments):name>`` where the converter and the
+        arguments are optional.  If no converter is defined the `default`
+        converter is used which means `string` in the normal configuration.
+
+        URL rules that end with a slash are branch URLs, others are leaves.
+        If you have `strict_slashes` enabled (which is the default), all
+        branch URLs that are matched without a trailing slash will trigger a
+        redirect to the same URL with the missing slash appended.
+
+        The converters are defined on the `Map`.
+
+    `endpoint`
+        The endpoint for this rule. This can be anything. A reference to a
+        function, a string, a number etc.  The preferred way is using a string
+        because the endpoint is used for URL generation.
+
+    `defaults`
+        An optional dict with defaults for other rules with the same endpoint.
+        This is a bit tricky but useful if you want to have unique URLs::
+
+            url_map = Map([
+                Rule('/all/', defaults={'page': 1}, endpoint='all_entries'),
+                Rule('/all/page/<int:page>', endpoint='all_entries')
+            ])
+
+        If a user now visits ``http://example.com/all/page/1`` he will be
+        redirected to ``http://example.com/all/``.  If `redirect_defaults` is
+        disabled on the `Map` instance this will only affect the URL
+        generation.
+
+    `subdomain`
+        The subdomain rule string for this rule. If not specified the rule
+        only matches for the `default_subdomain` of the map.  If the map is
+        not bound to a subdomain this feature is disabled.
+
+        Can be useful if you want to have user profiles on different subdomains
+        and all subdomains are forwarded to your application::
+
+            url_map = Map([
+                Rule('/', subdomain='<username>', endpoint='user/homepage'),
+                Rule('/stats', subdomain='<username>', endpoint='user/stats')
+            ])
+
+    `methods`
+        A sequence of http methods this rule applies to.  If not specified, all
+        methods are allowed. For example this can be useful if you want different
+        endpoints for `POST` and `GET`.  If methods are defined and the path
+        matches but the method matched against is not in this list or in the
+        list of another rule for that path the error raised is of the type
+        `MethodNotAllowed` rather than `NotFound`.  If `GET` is present in the
+        list of methods and `HEAD` is not, `HEAD` is added automatically.
+
+    `strict_slashes`
+        Override the `Map` setting for `strict_slashes` only for this rule. If
+        not specified the `Map` setting is used.
+
+    `merge_slashes`
+        Override :attr:`Map.merge_slashes` for this rule.
+
+    `build_only`
+        Set this to True and the rule will never match but will create a URL
+        that can be build. This is useful if you have resources on a subdomain
+        or folder that are not handled by the WSGI application (like static data)
+
+    `redirect_to`
+        If given this must be either a string or callable.  In case of a
+        callable it's called with the url adapter that triggered the match and
+        the values of the URL as keyword arguments and has to return the target
+        for the redirect, otherwise it has to be a string with placeholders in
+        rule syntax::
+
+            def foo_with_slug(adapter, id):
+                # ask the database for the slug for the old id.  this of
+                # course has nothing to do with werkzeug.
+                return f'foo/{Foo.get_slug_for_id(id)}'
+
+            url_map = Map([
+                Rule('/foo/<slug>', endpoint='foo'),
+                Rule('/some/old/url/<slug>', redirect_to='foo/<slug>'),
+                Rule('/other/old/url/<int:id>', redirect_to=foo_with_slug)
+            ])
+
+        When the rule is matched the routing system will raise a
+        `RequestRedirect` exception with the target for the redirect.
+
+        Keep in mind that the URL will be joined against the URL root of the
+        script so don't use a leading slash on the target URL unless you
+        really mean root of that domain.
+
+    `alias`
+        If enabled this rule serves as an alias for another rule with the same
+        endpoint and arguments.
+
+    `host`
+        If provided and the URL map has host matching enabled this can be
+        used to provide a match rule for the whole host.  This also means
+        that the subdomain feature is disabled.
+
+    `websocket`
+        If ``True``, this rule is only matches for WebSocket (``ws://``,
+        ``wss://``) requests. By default, rules will only match for HTTP
+        requests.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+        Added ``websocket``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 1.0
+        Added ``merge_slashes``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        Added ``alias`` and ``host``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.6.1
+       ``HEAD`` is added to ``methods`` if ``GET`` is present.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        string: str,
+        defaults: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        subdomain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        methods: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+        build_only: bool = False,
+        endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        strict_slashes: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        merge_slashes: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+        redirect_to: t.Optional[t.Union[str, t.Callable[..., str]]] = None,
+        alias: bool = False,
+        host: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        websocket: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not string.startswith("/"):
+            raise ValueError("urls must start with a leading slash")
+        self.rule = string
+        self.is_leaf = not string.endswith("/")
+
+        self.map: "Map" = None  # type: ignore
+        self.strict_slashes = strict_slashes
+        self.merge_slashes = merge_slashes
+        self.subdomain = subdomain
+        self.host = host
+        self.defaults = defaults
+        self.build_only = build_only
+        self.alias = alias
+        self.websocket = websocket
+
+        if methods is not None:
+            if isinstance(methods, str):
+                raise TypeError("'methods' should be a list of strings.")
+
+            methods = {x.upper() for x in methods}
+
+            if "HEAD" not in methods and "GET" in methods:
+                methods.add("HEAD")
+
+            if websocket and methods - {"GET", "HEAD", "OPTIONS"}:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "WebSocket rules can only use 'GET', 'HEAD', and 'OPTIONS' methods."
+                )
+
+        self.methods = methods
+        self.endpoint: str = endpoint  # type: ignore
+        self.redirect_to = redirect_to
+
+        if defaults:
+            self.arguments = set(map(str, defaults))
+        else:
+            self.arguments = set()
+
+        self._trace: t.List[t.Tuple[bool, str]] = []
+
+    def empty(self) -> "Rule":
+        """
+        Return an unbound copy of this rule.
+
+        This can be useful if want to reuse an already bound URL for another
+        map.  See ``get_empty_kwargs`` to override what keyword arguments are
+        provided to the new copy.
+        """
+        return type(self)(self.rule, **self.get_empty_kwargs())
+
+    def get_empty_kwargs(self) -> t.Mapping[str, t.Any]:
+        """
+        Provides kwargs for instantiating empty copy with empty()
+
+        Use this method to provide custom keyword arguments to the subclass of
+        ``Rule`` when calling ``some_rule.empty()``.  Helpful when the subclass
+        has custom keyword arguments that are needed at instantiation.
+
+        Must return a ``dict`` that will be provided as kwargs to the new
+        instance of ``Rule``, following the initial ``self.rule`` value which
+        is always provided as the first, required positional argument.
+        """
+        defaults = None
+        if self.defaults:
+            defaults = dict(self.defaults)
+        return dict(
+            defaults=defaults,
+            subdomain=self.subdomain,
+            methods=self.methods,
+            build_only=self.build_only,
+            endpoint=self.endpoint,
+            strict_slashes=self.strict_slashes,
+            redirect_to=self.redirect_to,
+            alias=self.alias,
+            host=self.host,
+        )
+
+    def get_rules(self, map: "Map") -> t.Iterator["Rule"]:
+        yield self
+
+    def refresh(self) -> None:
+        """Rebinds and refreshes the URL.  Call this if you modified the
+        rule in place.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        self.bind(self.map, rebind=True)
+
+    def bind(self, map: "Map", rebind: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Bind the url to a map and create a regular expression based on
+        the information from the rule itself and the defaults from the map.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        if self.map is not None and not rebind:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"url rule {self!r} already bound to map {self.map!r}")
+        self.map = map
+        if self.strict_slashes is None:
+            self.strict_slashes = map.strict_slashes
+        if self.merge_slashes is None:
+            self.merge_slashes = map.merge_slashes
+        if self.subdomain is None:
+            self.subdomain = map.default_subdomain
+        self.compile()
+
+    def get_converter(
+        self,
+        variable_name: str,
+        converter_name: str,
+        args: t.Tuple,
+        kwargs: t.Mapping[str, t.Any],
+    ) -> "BaseConverter":
+        """Looks up the converter for the given parameter.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        """
+        if converter_name not in self.map.converters:
+            raise LookupError(f"the converter {converter_name!r} does not exist")
+        return self.map.converters[converter_name](self.map, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def _encode_query_vars(self, query_vars: t.Mapping[str, t.Any]) -> str:
+        return url_encode(
+            query_vars,
+            charset=self.map.charset,
+            sort=self.map.sort_parameters,
+            key=self.map.sort_key,
+        )
+
+    def compile(self) -> None:
+        """Compiles the regular expression and stores it."""
+        assert self.map is not None, "rule not bound"
+
+        if self.map.host_matching:
+            domain_rule = self.host or ""
+        else:
+            domain_rule = self.subdomain or ""
+
+        self._trace = []
+        self._converters: t.Dict[str, "BaseConverter"] = {}
+        self._static_weights: t.List[t.Tuple[int, int]] = []
+        self._argument_weights: t.List[int] = []
+        regex_parts = []
+
+        def _build_regex(rule: str) -> None:
+            index = 0
+            for converter, arguments, variable in parse_rule(rule):
+                if converter is None:
+                    for match in re.finditer(r"/+|[^/]+", variable):
+                        part = match.group(0)
+                        if part.startswith("/"):
+                            if self.merge_slashes:
+                                regex_parts.append(r"/+?")
+                                self._trace.append((False, "/"))
+                            else:
+                                regex_parts.append(part)
+                                self._trace.append((False, part))
+                            continue
+                        self._trace.append((False, part))
+                        regex_parts.append(re.escape(part))
+                        if part:
+                            self._static_weights.append((index, -len(part)))
+                else:
+                    if arguments:
+                        c_args, c_kwargs = parse_converter_args(arguments)
+                    else:
+                        c_args = ()
+                        c_kwargs = {}
+                    convobj = self.get_converter(variable, converter, c_args, c_kwargs)
+                    regex_parts.append(f"(?P<{variable}>{convobj.regex})")
+                    self._converters[variable] = convobj
+                    self._trace.append((True, variable))
+                    self._argument_weights.append(convobj.weight)
+                    self.arguments.add(str(variable))
+                index = index + 1
+
+        _build_regex(domain_rule)
+        regex_parts.append("\\|")
+        self._trace.append((False, "|"))
+        _build_regex(self.rule if self.is_leaf else self.rule.rstrip("/"))
+        if not self.is_leaf:
+            self._trace.append((False, "/"))
+
+        self._build: t.Callable[..., t.Tuple[str, str]]
+        self._build = self._compile_builder(False).__get__(self, None)  # type: ignore
+        self._build_unknown: t.Callable[..., t.Tuple[str, str]]
+        self._build_unknown = self._compile_builder(True).__get__(  # type: ignore
+            self, None
+        )
+
+        if self.build_only:
+            return
+
+        if not (self.is_leaf and self.strict_slashes):
+            reps = "*" if self.merge_slashes else "?"
+            tail = f"(?<!/)(?P<__suffix__>/{reps})"
+        else:
+            tail = ""
+
+        regex = f"^{''.join(regex_parts)}{tail}$"
+        self._regex = re.compile(regex)
+
+    def match(
+        self, path: str, method: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any]]:
+        """Check if the rule matches a given path. Path is a string in the
+        form ``"subdomain|/path"`` and is assembled by the map.  If
+        the map is doing host matching the subdomain part will be the host
+        instead.
+
+        If the rule matches a dict with the converted values is returned,
+        otherwise the return value is `None`.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        if not self.build_only:
+            require_redirect = False
+
+            m = self._regex.search(path)
+            if m is not None:
+                groups = m.groupdict()
+                # we have a folder like part of the url without a trailing
+                # slash and strict slashes enabled. raise an exception that
+                # tells the map to redirect to the same url but with a
+                # trailing slash
+                if (
+                    self.strict_slashes
+                    and not self.is_leaf
+                    and not groups.pop("__suffix__")
+                    and (
+                        method is None or self.methods is None or method in self.methods
+                    )
+                ):
+                    path += "/"
+                    require_redirect = True
+                # if we are not in strict slashes mode we have to remove
+                # a __suffix__
+                elif not self.strict_slashes:
+                    del groups["__suffix__"]
+
+                result = {}
+                for name, value in groups.items():
+                    try:
+                        value = self._converters[name].to_python(value)
+                    except ValidationError:
+                        return None
+                    result[str(name)] = value
+                if self.defaults:
+                    result.update(self.defaults)
+
+                if self.merge_slashes:
+                    new_path = "|".join(self.build(result, False))  # type: ignore
+                    if path.endswith("/") and not new_path.endswith("/"):
+                        new_path += "/"
+                    if new_path.count("/") < path.count("/"):
+                        # The URL will be encoded when MapAdapter.match
+                        # handles the RequestPath raised below. Decode
+                        # the URL here to avoid a double encoding.
+                        path = url_unquote(new_path)
+                        require_redirect = True
+
+                if require_redirect:
+                    path = path.split("|", 1)[1]
+                    raise RequestPath(path)
+
+                if self.alias and self.map.redirect_defaults:
+                    raise RequestAliasRedirect(result)
+
+                return result
+
+        return None
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_func_code(code: CodeType, name: str) -> t.Callable[..., t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        globs: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+        locs: t.Dict[str, t.Any] = {}
+        exec(code, globs, locs)
+        return locs[name]  # type: ignore
+
+    def _compile_builder(
+        self, append_unknown: bool = True
+    ) -> t.Callable[..., t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        defaults = self.defaults or {}
+        dom_ops: t.List[t.Tuple[bool, str]] = []
+        url_ops: t.List[t.Tuple[bool, str]] = []
+
+        opl = dom_ops
+        for is_dynamic, data in self._trace:
+            if data == "|" and opl is dom_ops:
+                opl = url_ops
+                continue
+            # this seems like a silly case to ever come up but:
+            # if a default is given for a value that appears in the rule,
+            # resolve it to a constant ahead of time
+            if is_dynamic and data in defaults:
+                data = self._converters[data].to_url(defaults[data])
+                opl.append((False, data))
+            elif not is_dynamic:
+                opl.append(
+                    (False, url_quote(_to_bytes(data, self.map.charset), safe="/:|+"))
+                )
+            else:
+                opl.append((True, data))
+
+        def _convert(elem: str) -> ast.stmt:
+            ret = _prefix_names(_CALL_CONVERTER_CODE_FMT.format(elem=elem))
+            ret.args = [ast.Name(str(elem), ast.Load())]  # type: ignore  # str for py2
+            return ret
+
+        def _parts(ops: t.List[t.Tuple[bool, str]]) -> t.List[ast.AST]:
+            parts = [
+                _convert(elem) if is_dynamic else ast.Str(s=elem)
+                for is_dynamic, elem in ops
+            ]
+            parts = parts or [ast.Str("")]
+            # constant fold
+            ret = [parts[0]]
+            for p in parts[1:]:
+                if isinstance(p, ast.Str) and isinstance(ret[-1], ast.Str):
+                    ret[-1] = ast.Str(ret[-1].s + p.s)
+                else:
+                    ret.append(p)
+            return ret
+
+        dom_parts = _parts(dom_ops)
+        url_parts = _parts(url_ops)
+        if not append_unknown:
+            body = []
+        else:
+            body = [_IF_KWARGS_URL_ENCODE_AST]
+            url_parts.extend(_URL_ENCODE_AST_NAMES)
+
+        def _join(parts: t.List[ast.AST]) -> ast.AST:
+            if len(parts) == 1:  # shortcut
+                return parts[0]
+            return ast.JoinedStr(parts)
+
+        body.append(
+            ast.Return(ast.Tuple([_join(dom_parts), _join(url_parts)], ast.Load()))
+        )
+
+        pargs = [
+            elem
+            for is_dynamic, elem in dom_ops + url_ops
+            if is_dynamic and elem not in defaults
+        ]
+        kargs = [str(k) for k in defaults]
+
+        func_ast: ast.FunctionDef = _prefix_names("def _(): pass")  # type: ignore
+        func_ast.name = f"<builder:{self.rule!r}>"
+        func_ast.args.args.append(ast.arg(".self", None))
+        for arg in pargs + kargs:
+            func_ast.args.args.append(ast.arg(arg, None))
+        func_ast.args.kwarg = ast.arg(".kwargs", None)
+        for _ in kargs:
+            func_ast.args.defaults.append(ast.Str(""))
+        func_ast.body = body
+
+        # use `ast.parse` instead of `ast.Module` for better portability
+        # Python 3.8 changes the signature of `ast.Module`
+        module = ast.parse("")
+        module.body = [func_ast]
+
+        # mark everything as on line 1, offset 0
+        # less error-prone than `ast.fix_missing_locations`
+        # bad line numbers cause an assert to fail in debug builds
+        for node in ast.walk(module):
+            if "lineno" in node._attributes:
+                node.lineno = 1
+            if "col_offset" in node._attributes:
+                node.col_offset = 0
+
+        code = compile(module, "<werkzeug routing>", "exec")
+        return self._get_func_code(code, func_ast.name)
+
+    def build(
+        self, values: t.Mapping[str, t.Any], append_unknown: bool = True
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+        """Assembles the relative url for that rule and the subdomain.
+        If building doesn't work for some reasons `None` is returned.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        try:
+            if append_unknown:
+                return self._build_unknown(**values)
+            else:
+                return self._build(**values)
+        except ValidationError:
+            return None
+
+    def provides_defaults_for(self, rule: "Rule") -> bool:
+        """Check if this rule has defaults for a given rule.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        return bool(
+            not self.build_only
+            and self.defaults
+            and self.endpoint == rule.endpoint
+            and self != rule
+            and self.arguments == rule.arguments
+        )
+
+    def suitable_for(
+        self, values: t.Mapping[str, t.Any], method: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Check if the dict of values has enough data for url generation.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        # if a method was given explicitly and that method is not supported
+        # by this rule, this rule is not suitable.
+        if (
+            method is not None
+            and self.methods is not None
+            and method not in self.methods
+        ):
+            return False
+
+        defaults = self.defaults or ()
+
+        # all arguments required must be either in the defaults dict or
+        # the value dictionary otherwise it's not suitable
+        for key in self.arguments:
+            if key not in defaults and key not in values:
+                return False
+
+        # in case defaults are given we ensure that either the value was
+        # skipped or the value is the same as the default value.
+        if defaults:
+            for key, value in defaults.items():
+                if key in values and value != values[key]:
+                    return False
+
+        return True
+
+    def match_compare_key(
+        self,
+    ) -> t.Tuple[bool, int, t.Iterable[t.Tuple[int, int]], int, t.Iterable[int]]:
+        """The match compare key for sorting.
+
+        Current implementation:
+
+        1.  rules without any arguments come first for performance
+            reasons only as we expect them to match faster and some
+            common ones usually don't have any arguments (index pages etc.)
+        2.  rules with more static parts come first so the second argument
+            is the negative length of the number of the static weights.
+        3.  we order by static weights, which is a combination of index
+            and length
+        4.  The more complex rules come first so the next argument is the
+            negative length of the number of argument weights.
+        5.  lastly we order by the actual argument weights.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        return (
+            bool(self.arguments),
+            -len(self._static_weights),
+            self._static_weights,
+            -len(self._argument_weights),
+            self._argument_weights,
+        )
+
+    def build_compare_key(self) -> t.Tuple[int, int, int]:
+        """The build compare key for sorting.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        return (1 if self.alias else 0, -len(self.arguments), -len(self.defaults or ()))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(other, type(self)) and self._trace == other._trace
+
+    __hash__ = None  # type: ignore
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.rule
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        if self.map is None:
+            return f"<{type(self).__name__} (unbound)>"
+        parts = []
+        for is_dynamic, data in self._trace:
+            if is_dynamic:
+                parts.append(f"<{data}>")
+            else:
+                parts.append(data)
+        parts = "".join(parts).lstrip("|")
+        methods = f" ({', '.join(self.methods)})" if self.methods is not None else ""
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {parts!r}{methods} -> {self.endpoint}>"
+
+
+class BaseConverter:
+    """Base class for all converters."""
+
+    regex = "[^/]+"
+    weight = 100
+
+    def __init__(self, map: "Map", *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.map = map
+
+    def to_python(self, value: str) -> t.Any:
+        return value
+
+    def to_url(self, value: t.Any) -> str:
+        if isinstance(value, (bytes, bytearray)):
+            return _fast_url_quote(value)
+        return _fast_url_quote(str(value).encode(self.map.charset))
+
+
+class UnicodeConverter(BaseConverter):
+    """This converter is the default converter and accepts any string but
+    only one path segment.  Thus the string can not include a slash.
+
+    This is the default validator.
+
+    Example::
+
+        Rule('/pages/<page>'),
+        Rule('/<string(length=2):lang_code>')
+
+    :param map: the :class:`Map`.
+    :param minlength: the minimum length of the string.  Must be greater
+                      or equal 1.
+    :param maxlength: the maximum length of the string.
+    :param length: the exact length of the string.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        map: "Map",
+        minlength: int = 1,
+        maxlength: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(map)
+        if length is not None:
+            length_regex = f"{{{int(length)}}}"
+        else:
+            if maxlength is None:
+                maxlength_value = ""
+            else:
+                maxlength_value = str(int(maxlength))
+            length_regex = f"{{{int(minlength)},{maxlength_value}}}"
+        self.regex = f"[^/]{length_regex}"
+
+
+class AnyConverter(BaseConverter):
+    """Matches one of the items provided.  Items can either be Python
+    identifiers or strings::
+
+        Rule('/<any(about, help, imprint, class, "foo,bar"):page_name>')
+
+    :param map: the :class:`Map`.
+    :param items: this function accepts the possible items as positional
+                  arguments.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, map: "Map", *items: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(map)
+        self.regex = f"(?:{'|'.join([re.escape(x) for x in items])})"
+
+
+class PathConverter(BaseConverter):
+    """Like the default :class:`UnicodeConverter`, but it also matches
+    slashes.  This is useful for wikis and similar applications::
+
+        Rule('/<path:wikipage>')
+        Rule('/<path:wikipage>/edit')
+
+    :param map: the :class:`Map`.
+    """
+
+    regex = "[^/].*?"
+    weight = 200
+
+
+class NumberConverter(BaseConverter):
+    """Baseclass for `IntegerConverter` and `FloatConverter`.
+
+    :internal:
+    """
+
+    weight = 50
+    num_convert: t.Callable = int
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        map: "Map",
+        fixed_digits: int = 0,
+        min: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        max: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        signed: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        if signed:
+            self.regex = self.signed_regex
+        super().__init__(map)
+        self.fixed_digits = fixed_digits
+        self.min = min
+        self.max = max
+        self.signed = signed
+
+    def to_python(self, value: str) -> t.Any:
+        if self.fixed_digits and len(value) != self.fixed_digits:
+            raise ValidationError()
+        value = self.num_convert(value)
+        if (self.min is not None and value < self.min) or (
+            self.max is not None and value > self.max
+        ):
+            raise ValidationError()
+        return value
+
+    def to_url(self, value: t.Any) -> str:
+        value = str(self.num_convert(value))
+        if self.fixed_digits:
+            value = value.zfill(self.fixed_digits)
+        return value
+
+    @property
+    def signed_regex(self) -> str:
+        return f"-?{self.regex}"
+
+
+class IntegerConverter(NumberConverter):
+    """This converter only accepts integer values::
+
+        Rule("/page/<int:page>")
+
+    By default it only accepts unsigned, positive values. The ``signed``
+    parameter will enable signed, negative values. ::
+
+        Rule("/page/<int(signed=True):page>")
+
+    :param map: The :class:`Map`.
+    :param fixed_digits: The number of fixed digits in the URL. If you
+        set this to ``4`` for example, the rule will only match if the
+        URL looks like ``/0001/``. The default is variable length.
+    :param min: The minimal value.
+    :param max: The maximal value.
+    :param signed: Allow signed (negative) values.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.15
+        The ``signed`` parameter.
+    """
+
+    regex = r"\d+"
+
+
+class FloatConverter(NumberConverter):
+    """This converter only accepts floating point values::
+
+        Rule("/probability/<float:probability>")
+
+    By default it only accepts unsigned, positive values. The ``signed``
+    parameter will enable signed, negative values. ::
+
+        Rule("/offset/<float(signed=True):offset>")
+
+    :param map: The :class:`Map`.
+    :param min: The minimal value.
+    :param max: The maximal value.
+    :param signed: Allow signed (negative) values.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.15
+        The ``signed`` parameter.
+    """
+
+    regex = r"\d+\.\d+"
+    num_convert = float
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        map: "Map",
+        min: t.Optional[float] = None,
+        max: t.Optional[float] = None,
+        signed: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(map, min=min, max=max, signed=signed)  # type: ignore
+
+
+class UUIDConverter(BaseConverter):
+    """This converter only accepts UUID strings::
+
+        Rule('/object/<uuid:identifier>')
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.10
+
+    :param map: the :class:`Map`.
+    """
+
+    regex = (
+        r"[A-Fa-f0-9]{8}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{4}-"
+        r"[A-Fa-f0-9]{4}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{4}-[A-Fa-f0-9]{12}"
+    )
+
+    def to_python(self, value: str) -> uuid.UUID:
+        return uuid.UUID(value)
+
+    def to_url(self, value: uuid.UUID) -> str:
+        return str(value)
+
+
+#: the default converter mapping for the map.
+DEFAULT_CONVERTERS: t.Mapping[str, t.Type[BaseConverter]] = {
+    "default": UnicodeConverter,
+    "string": UnicodeConverter,
+    "any": AnyConverter,
+    "path": PathConverter,
+    "int": IntegerConverter,
+    "float": FloatConverter,
+    "uuid": UUIDConverter,
+}
+
+
+class Map:
+    """The map class stores all the URL rules and some configuration
+    parameters.  Some of the configuration values are only stored on the
+    `Map` instance since those affect all rules, others are just defaults
+    and can be overridden for each rule.  Note that you have to specify all
+    arguments besides the `rules` as keyword arguments!
+
+    :param rules: sequence of url rules for this map.
+    :param default_subdomain: The default subdomain for rules without a
+                              subdomain defined.
+    :param charset: charset of the url. defaults to ``"utf-8"``
+    :param strict_slashes: If a rule ends with a slash but the matched
+        URL does not, redirect to the URL with a trailing slash.
+    :param merge_slashes: Merge consecutive slashes when matching or
+        building URLs. Matches will redirect to the normalized URL.
+        Slashes in variable parts are not merged.
+    :param redirect_defaults: This will redirect to the default rule if it
+                              wasn't visited that way. This helps creating
+                              unique URLs.
+    :param converters: A dict of converters that adds additional converters
+                       to the list of converters. If you redefine one
+                       converter this will override the original one.
+    :param sort_parameters: If set to `True` the url parameters are sorted.
+                            See `url_encode` for more details.
+    :param sort_key: The sort key function for `url_encode`.
+    :param encoding_errors: the error method to use for decoding
+    :param host_matching: if set to `True` it enables the host matching
+                          feature and disables the subdomain one.  If
+                          enabled the `host` parameter to rules is used
+                          instead of the `subdomain` one.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+        If ``url_scheme`` is ``ws`` or ``wss``, only WebSocket rules
+        will match.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+        Added ``merge_slashes``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.7
+        Added ``encoding_errors`` and ``host_matching``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+        Added ``sort_parameters`` and ``sort_key``.
+    """
+
+    #: A dict of default converters to be used.
+    default_converters = ImmutableDict(DEFAULT_CONVERTERS)
+
+    #: The type of lock to use when updating.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 1.0
+    lock_class = Lock
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        rules: t.Optional[t.Iterable[RuleFactory]] = None,
+        default_subdomain: str = "",
+        charset: str = "utf-8",
+        strict_slashes: bool = True,
+        merge_slashes: bool = True,
+        redirect_defaults: bool = True,
+        converters: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Type[BaseConverter]]] = None,
+        sort_parameters: bool = False,
+        sort_key: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Any], t.Any]] = None,
+        encoding_errors: str = "replace",
+        host_matching: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._rules: t.List[Rule] = []
+        self._rules_by_endpoint: t.Dict[str, t.List[Rule]] = {}
+        self._remap = True
+        self._remap_lock = self.lock_class()
+
+        self.default_subdomain = default_subdomain
+        self.charset = charset
+        self.encoding_errors = encoding_errors
+        self.strict_slashes = strict_slashes
+        self.merge_slashes = merge_slashes
+        self.redirect_defaults = redirect_defaults
+        self.host_matching = host_matching
+
+        self.converters = self.default_converters.copy()
+        if converters:
+            self.converters.update(converters)
+
+        self.sort_parameters = sort_parameters
+        self.sort_key = sort_key
+
+        for rulefactory in rules or ():
+            self.add(rulefactory)
+
+    def is_endpoint_expecting(self, endpoint: str, *arguments: str) -> bool:
+        """Iterate over all rules and check if the endpoint expects
+        the arguments provided.  This is for example useful if you have
+        some URLs that expect a language code and others that do not and
+        you want to wrap the builder a bit so that the current language
+        code is automatically added if not provided but endpoints expect
+        it.
+
+        :param endpoint: the endpoint to check.
+        :param arguments: this function accepts one or more arguments
+                          as positional arguments.  Each one of them is
+                          checked.
+        """
+        self.update()
+        arguments = set(arguments)
+        for rule in self._rules_by_endpoint[endpoint]:
+            if arguments.issubset(rule.arguments):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def iter_rules(self, endpoint: t.Optional[str] = None) -> t.Iterator[Rule]:
+        """Iterate over all rules or the rules of an endpoint.
+
+        :param endpoint: if provided only the rules for that endpoint
+                         are returned.
+        :return: an iterator
+        """
+        self.update()
+        if endpoint is not None:
+            return iter(self._rules_by_endpoint[endpoint])
+        return iter(self._rules)
+
+    def add(self, rulefactory: RuleFactory) -> None:
+        """Add a new rule or factory to the map and bind it.  Requires that the
+        rule is not bound to another map.
+
+        :param rulefactory: a :class:`Rule` or :class:`RuleFactory`
+        """
+        for rule in rulefactory.get_rules(self):
+            rule.bind(self)
+            self._rules.append(rule)
+            self._rules_by_endpoint.setdefault(rule.endpoint, []).append(rule)
+        self._remap = True
+
+    def bind(
+        self,
+        server_name: str,
+        script_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        subdomain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        url_scheme: str = "http",
+        default_method: str = "GET",
+        path_info: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        query_args: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Mapping[str, t.Any], str]] = None,
+    ) -> "MapAdapter":
+        """Return a new :class:`MapAdapter` with the details specified to the
+        call.  Note that `script_name` will default to ``'/'`` if not further
+        specified or `None`.  The `server_name` at least is a requirement
+        because the HTTP RFC requires absolute URLs for redirects and so all
+        redirect exceptions raised by Werkzeug will contain the full canonical
+        URL.
+
+        If no path_info is passed to :meth:`match` it will use the default path
+        info passed to bind.  While this doesn't really make sense for
+        manual bind calls, it's useful if you bind a map to a WSGI
+        environment which already contains the path info.
+
+        `subdomain` will default to the `default_subdomain` for this map if
+        no defined. If there is no `default_subdomain` you cannot use the
+        subdomain feature.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0
+            If ``url_scheme`` is ``ws`` or ``wss``, only WebSocket rules
+            will match.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+            ``path_info`` defaults to ``'/'`` if ``None``.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.8
+            ``query_args`` can be a string.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.7
+            Added ``query_args``.
+        """
+        server_name = server_name.lower()
+        if self.host_matching:
+            if subdomain is not None:
+                raise RuntimeError("host matching enabled and a subdomain was provided")
+        elif subdomain is None:
+            subdomain = self.default_subdomain
+        if script_name is None:
+            script_name = "/"
+        if path_info is None:
+            path_info = "/"
+
+        try:
+            server_name = _encode_idna(server_name)  # type: ignore
+        except UnicodeError as e:
+            raise BadHost() from e
+
+        return MapAdapter(
+            self,
+            server_name,
+            script_name,
+            subdomain,
+            url_scheme,
+            path_info,
+            default_method,
+            query_args,
+        )
+
+    def bind_to_environ(
+        self,
+        environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+        server_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        subdomain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> "MapAdapter":
+        """Like :meth:`bind` but you can pass it an WSGI environment and it
+        will fetch the information from that dictionary.  Note that because of
+        limitations in the protocol there is no way to get the current
+        subdomain and real `server_name` from the environment.  If you don't
+        provide it, Werkzeug will use `SERVER_NAME` and `SERVER_PORT` (or
+        `HTTP_HOST` if provided) as used `server_name` with disabled subdomain
+        feature.
+
+        If `subdomain` is `None` but an environment and a server name is
+        provided it will calculate the current subdomain automatically.
+        Example: `server_name` is ``'example.com'`` and the `SERVER_NAME`
+        in the wsgi `environ` is ``'staging.dev.example.com'`` the calculated
+        subdomain will be ``'staging.dev'``.
+
+        If the object passed as environ has an environ attribute, the value of
+        this attribute is used instead.  This allows you to pass request
+        objects.  Additionally `PATH_INFO` added as a default of the
+        :class:`MapAdapter` so that you don't have to pass the path info to
+        the match method.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
+            If the passed server name specifies port 443, it will match
+            if the incoming scheme is ``https`` without a port.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
+            A warning is shown when the passed server name does not
+            match the incoming WSGI server name.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.8
+           This will no longer raise a ValueError when an unexpected server
+           name was passed.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+            previously this method accepted a bogus `calculate_subdomain`
+            parameter that did not have any effect.  It was removed because
+            of that.
+
+        :param environ: a WSGI environment.
+        :param server_name: an optional server name hint (see above).
+        :param subdomain: optionally the current subdomain (see above).
+        """
+        environ = _get_environ(environ)
+        wsgi_server_name = get_host(environ).lower()
+        scheme = environ["wsgi.url_scheme"]
+        upgrade = any(
+            v.strip() == "upgrade"
+            for v in environ.get("HTTP_CONNECTION", "").lower().split(",")
+        )
+
+        if upgrade and environ.get("HTTP_UPGRADE", "").lower() == "websocket":
+            scheme = "wss" if scheme == "https" else "ws"
+
+        if server_name is None:
+            server_name = wsgi_server_name
+        else:
+            server_name = server_name.lower()
+
+            # strip standard port to match get_host()
+            if scheme in {"http", "ws"} and server_name.endswith(":80"):
+                server_name = server_name[:-3]
+            elif scheme in {"https", "wss"} and server_name.endswith(":443"):
+                server_name = server_name[:-4]
+
+        if subdomain is None and not self.host_matching:
+            cur_server_name = wsgi_server_name.split(".")
+            real_server_name = server_name.split(".")
+            offset = -len(real_server_name)
+
+            if cur_server_name[offset:] != real_server_name:
+                # This can happen even with valid configs if the server was
+                # accessed directly by IP address under some situations.
+                # Instead of raising an exception like in Werkzeug 0.7 or
+                # earlier we go by an invalid subdomain which will result
+                # in a 404 error on matching.
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f"Current server name {wsgi_server_name!r} doesn't match configured"
+                    f" server name {server_name!r}",
+                    stacklevel=2,
+                )
+                subdomain = "<invalid>"
+            else:
+                subdomain = ".".join(filter(None, cur_server_name[:offset]))
+
+        def _get_wsgi_string(name: str) -> t.Optional[str]:
+            val = environ.get(name)
+            if val is not None:
+                return _wsgi_decoding_dance(val, self.charset)
+            return None
+
+        script_name = _get_wsgi_string("SCRIPT_NAME")
+        path_info = _get_wsgi_string("PATH_INFO")
+        query_args = _get_wsgi_string("QUERY_STRING")
+        return Map.bind(
+            self,
+            server_name,
+            script_name,
+            subdomain,
+            scheme,
+            environ["REQUEST_METHOD"],
+            path_info,
+            query_args=query_args,
+        )
+
+    def update(self) -> None:
+        """Called before matching and building to keep the compiled rules
+        in the correct order after things changed.
+        """
+        if not self._remap:
+            return
+
+        with self._remap_lock:
+            if not self._remap:
+                return
+
+            self._rules.sort(key=lambda x: x.match_compare_key())
+            for rules in self._rules_by_endpoint.values():
+                rules.sort(key=lambda x: x.build_compare_key())
+            self._remap = False
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        rules = self.iter_rules()
+        return f"{type(self).__name__}({pformat(list(rules))})"
+
+
+class MapAdapter:
+
+    """Returned by :meth:`Map.bind` or :meth:`Map.bind_to_environ` and does
+    the URL matching and building based on runtime information.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        map: Map,
+        server_name: str,
+        script_name: str,
+        subdomain: t.Optional[str],
+        url_scheme: str,
+        path_info: str,
+        default_method: str,
+        query_args: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Mapping[str, t.Any], str]] = None,
+    ):
+        self.map = map
+        self.server_name = _to_str(server_name)
+        script_name = _to_str(script_name)
+        if not script_name.endswith("/"):
+            script_name += "/"
+        self.script_name = script_name
+        self.subdomain = _to_str(subdomain)
+        self.url_scheme = _to_str(url_scheme)
+        self.path_info = _to_str(path_info)
+        self.default_method = _to_str(default_method)
+        self.query_args = query_args
+        self.websocket = self.url_scheme in {"ws", "wss"}
+
+    def dispatch(
+        self,
+        view_func: t.Callable[[str, t.Mapping[str, t.Any]], "WSGIApplication"],
+        path_info: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        method: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        catch_http_exceptions: bool = False,
+    ) -> "WSGIApplication":
+        """Does the complete dispatching process.  `view_func` is called with
+        the endpoint and a dict with the values for the view.  It should
+        look up the view function, call it, and return a response object
+        or WSGI application.  http exceptions are not caught by default
+        so that applications can display nicer error messages by just
+        catching them by hand.  If you want to stick with the default
+        error messages you can pass it ``catch_http_exceptions=True`` and
+        it will catch the http exceptions.
+
+        Here a small example for the dispatch usage::
+
+            from werkzeug.wrappers import Request, Response
+            from werkzeug.wsgi import responder
+            from werkzeug.routing import Map, Rule
+
+            def on_index(request):
+                return Response('Hello from the index')
+
+            url_map = Map([Rule('/', endpoint='index')])
+            views = {'index': on_index}
+
+            @responder
+            def application(environ, start_response):
+                request = Request(environ)
+                urls = url_map.bind_to_environ(environ)
+                return urls.dispatch(lambda e, v: views[e](request, **v),
+                                     catch_http_exceptions=True)
+
+        Keep in mind that this method might return exception objects, too, so
+        use :class:`Response.force_type` to get a response object.
+
+        :param view_func: a function that is called with the endpoint as
+                          first argument and the value dict as second.  Has
+                          to dispatch to the actual view function with this
+                          information.  (see above)
+        :param path_info: the path info to use for matching.  Overrides the
+                          path info specified on binding.
+        :param method: the HTTP method used for matching.  Overrides the
+                       method specified on binding.
+        :param catch_http_exceptions: set to `True` to catch any of the
+                                      werkzeug :class:`HTTPException`\\s.
+        """
+        try:
+            try:
+                endpoint, args = self.match(path_info, method)
+            except RequestRedirect as e:
+                return e
+            return view_func(endpoint, args)
+        except HTTPException as e:
+            if catch_http_exceptions:
+                return e
+            raise
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def match(  # type: ignore
+        self,
+        path_info: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        method: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        return_rule: "te.Literal[False]" = False,
+        query_args: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Mapping[str, t.Any], str]] = None,
+        websocket: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Mapping[str, t.Any]]:
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def match(
+        self,
+        path_info: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        method: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        return_rule: "te.Literal[True]" = True,
+        query_args: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Mapping[str, t.Any], str]] = None,
+        websocket: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> t.Tuple[Rule, t.Mapping[str, t.Any]]:
+        ...
+
+    def match(
+        self,
+        path_info: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        method: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        return_rule: bool = False,
+        query_args: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Mapping[str, t.Any], str]] = None,
+        websocket: t.Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Union[str, Rule], t.Mapping[str, t.Any]]:
+        """The usage is simple: you just pass the match method the current
+        path info as well as the method (which defaults to `GET`).  The
+        following things can then happen:
+
+        - you receive a `NotFound` exception that indicates that no URL is
+          matching.  A `NotFound` exception is also a WSGI application you
+          can call to get a default page not found page (happens to be the
+          same object as `werkzeug.exceptions.NotFound`)
+
+        - you receive a `MethodNotAllowed` exception that indicates that there
+          is a match for this URL but not for the current request method.
+          This is useful for RESTful applications.
+
+        - you receive a `RequestRedirect` exception with a `new_url`
+          attribute.  This exception is used to notify you about a request
+          Werkzeug requests from your WSGI application.  This is for example the
+          case if you request ``/foo`` although the correct URL is ``/foo/``
+          You can use the `RequestRedirect` instance as response-like object
+          similar to all other subclasses of `HTTPException`.
+
+        - you receive a ``WebsocketMismatch`` exception if the only
+          match is a WebSocket rule but the bind is an HTTP request, or
+          if the match is an HTTP rule but the bind is a WebSocket
+          request.
+
+        - you get a tuple in the form ``(endpoint, arguments)`` if there is
+          a match (unless `return_rule` is True, in which case you get a tuple
+          in the form ``(rule, arguments)``)
+
+        If the path info is not passed to the match method the default path
+        info of the map is used (defaults to the root URL if not defined
+        explicitly).
+
+        All of the exceptions raised are subclasses of `HTTPException` so they
+        can be used as WSGI responses. They will all render generic error or
+        redirect pages.
+
+        Here is a small example for matching:
+
+        >>> m = Map([
+        ...     Rule('/', endpoint='index'),
+        ...     Rule('/downloads/', endpoint='downloads/index'),
+        ...     Rule('/downloads/<int:id>', endpoint='downloads/show')
+        ... ])
+        >>> urls = m.bind("example.com", "/")
+        >>> urls.match("/", "GET")
+        ('index', {})
+        >>> urls.match("/downloads/42")
+        ('downloads/show', {'id': 42})
+
+        And here is what happens on redirect and missing URLs:
+
+        >>> urls.match("/downloads")
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+          ...
+        RequestRedirect: http://example.com/downloads/
+        >>> urls.match("/missing")
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+          ...
+        NotFound: 404 Not Found
+
+        :param path_info: the path info to use for matching.  Overrides the
+                          path info specified on binding.
+        :param method: the HTTP method used for matching.  Overrides the
+                       method specified on binding.
+        :param return_rule: return the rule that matched instead of just the
+                            endpoint (defaults to `False`).
+        :param query_args: optional query arguments that are used for
+                           automatic redirects as string or dictionary.  It's
+                           currently not possible to use the query arguments
+                           for URL matching.
+        :param websocket: Match WebSocket instead of HTTP requests. A
+            websocket request has a ``ws`` or ``wss``
+            :attr:`url_scheme`. This overrides that detection.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.0
+            Added ``websocket``.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.8
+            ``query_args`` can be a string.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+            Added ``query_args``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+            Added ``return_rule``.
+        """
+        self.map.update()
+        if path_info is None:
+            path_info = self.path_info
+        else:
+            path_info = _to_str(path_info, self.map.charset)
+        if query_args is None:
+            query_args = self.query_args or {}
+        method = (method or self.default_method).upper()
+
+        if websocket is None:
+            websocket = self.websocket
+
+        require_redirect = False
+
+        domain_part = self.server_name if self.map.host_matching else self.subdomain
+        path_part = f"/{path_info.lstrip('/')}" if path_info else ""
+        path = f"{domain_part}|{path_part}"
+
+        have_match_for = set()
+        websocket_mismatch = False
+
+        for rule in self.map._rules:
+            try:
+                rv = rule.match(path, method)
+            except RequestPath as e:
+                raise RequestRedirect(
+                    self.make_redirect_url(
+                        url_quote(e.path_info, self.map.charset, safe="/:|+"),
+                        query_args,
+                    )
+                ) from None
+            except RequestAliasRedirect as e:
+                raise RequestRedirect(
+                    self.make_alias_redirect_url(
+                        path, rule.endpoint, e.matched_values, method, query_args
+                    )
+                ) from None
+            if rv is None:
+                continue
+            if rule.methods is not None and method not in rule.methods:
+                have_match_for.update(rule.methods)
+                continue
+
+            if rule.websocket != websocket:
+                websocket_mismatch = True
+                continue
+
+            if self.map.redirect_defaults:
+                redirect_url = self.get_default_redirect(rule, method, rv, query_args)
+                if redirect_url is not None:
+                    raise RequestRedirect(redirect_url)
+
+            if rule.redirect_to is not None:
+                if isinstance(rule.redirect_to, str):
+
+                    def _handle_match(match: t.Match[str]) -> str:
+                        value = rv[match.group(1)]  # type: ignore
+                        return rule._converters[match.group(1)].to_url(value)
+
+                    redirect_url = _simple_rule_re.sub(_handle_match, rule.redirect_to)
+                else:
+                    redirect_url = rule.redirect_to(self, **rv)
+
+                if self.subdomain:
+                    netloc = f"{self.subdomain}.{self.server_name}"
+                else:
+                    netloc = self.server_name
+
+                raise RequestRedirect(
+                    url_join(
+                        f"{self.url_scheme or 'http'}://{netloc}{self.script_name}",
+                        redirect_url,
+                    )
+                )
+
+            if require_redirect:
+                raise RequestRedirect(
+                    self.make_redirect_url(
+                        url_quote(path_info, self.map.charset, safe="/:|+"), query_args
+                    )
+                )
+
+            if return_rule:
+                return rule, rv
+            else:
+                return rule.endpoint, rv
+
+        if have_match_for:
+            raise MethodNotAllowed(valid_methods=list(have_match_for))
+
+        if websocket_mismatch:
+            raise WebsocketMismatch()
+
+        raise NotFound()
+
+    def test(
+        self, path_info: t.Optional[str] = None, method: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Test if a rule would match.  Works like `match` but returns `True`
+        if the URL matches, or `False` if it does not exist.
+
+        :param path_info: the path info to use for matching.  Overrides the
+                          path info specified on binding.
+        :param method: the HTTP method used for matching.  Overrides the
+                       method specified on binding.
+        """
+        try:
+            self.match(path_info, method)
+        except RequestRedirect:
+            pass
+        except HTTPException:
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def allowed_methods(self, path_info: t.Optional[str] = None) -> t.Iterable[str]:
+        """Returns the valid methods that match for a given path.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        try:
+            self.match(path_info, method="--")
+        except MethodNotAllowed as e:
+            return e.valid_methods  # type: ignore
+        except HTTPException:
+            pass
+        return []
+
+    def get_host(self, domain_part: t.Optional[str]) -> str:
+        """Figures out the full host name for the given domain part.  The
+        domain part is a subdomain in case host matching is disabled or
+        a full host name.
+        """
+        if self.map.host_matching:
+            if domain_part is None:
+                return self.server_name
+            return _to_str(domain_part, "ascii")
+        subdomain = domain_part
+        if subdomain is None:
+            subdomain = self.subdomain
+        else:
+            subdomain = _to_str(subdomain, "ascii")
+
+        if subdomain:
+            return f"{subdomain}.{self.server_name}"
+        else:
+            return self.server_name
+
+    def get_default_redirect(
+        self,
+        rule: Rule,
+        method: str,
+        values: t.MutableMapping[str, t.Any],
+        query_args: t.Union[t.Mapping[str, t.Any], str],
+    ) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """A helper that returns the URL to redirect to if it finds one.
+        This is used for default redirecting only.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        assert self.map.redirect_defaults
+        for r in self.map._rules_by_endpoint[rule.endpoint]:
+            # every rule that comes after this one, including ourself
+            # has a lower priority for the defaults.  We order the ones
+            # with the highest priority up for building.
+            if r is rule:
+                break
+            if r.provides_defaults_for(rule) and r.suitable_for(values, method):
+                values.update(r.defaults)  # type: ignore
+                domain_part, path = r.build(values)  # type: ignore
+                return self.make_redirect_url(path, query_args, domain_part=domain_part)
+        return None
+
+    def encode_query_args(self, query_args: t.Union[t.Mapping[str, t.Any], str]) -> str:
+        if not isinstance(query_args, str):
+            return url_encode(query_args, self.map.charset)
+        return query_args
+
+    def make_redirect_url(
+        self,
+        path_info: str,
+        query_args: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Mapping[str, t.Any], str]] = None,
+        domain_part: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Creates a redirect URL.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        if query_args:
+            suffix = f"?{self.encode_query_args(query_args)}"
+        else:
+            suffix = ""
+
+        scheme = self.url_scheme or "http"
+        host = self.get_host(domain_part)
+        path = posixpath.join(self.script_name.strip("/"), path_info.lstrip("/"))
+        return f"{scheme}://{host}/{path}{suffix}"
+
+    def make_alias_redirect_url(
+        self,
+        path: str,
+        endpoint: str,
+        values: t.Mapping[str, t.Any],
+        method: str,
+        query_args: t.Union[t.Mapping[str, t.Any], str],
+    ) -> str:
+        """Internally called to make an alias redirect URL."""
+        url = self.build(
+            endpoint, values, method, append_unknown=False, force_external=True
+        )
+        if query_args:
+            url += f"?{self.encode_query_args(query_args)}"
+        assert url != path, "detected invalid alias setting. No canonical URL found"
+        return url
+
+    def _partial_build(
+        self,
+        endpoint: str,
+        values: t.Mapping[str, t.Any],
+        method: t.Optional[str],
+        append_unknown: bool,
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, str, bool]]:
+        """Helper for :meth:`build`.  Returns subdomain and path for the
+        rule that accepts this endpoint, values and method.
+
+        :internal:
+        """
+        # in case the method is none, try with the default method first
+        if method is None:
+            rv = self._partial_build(
+                endpoint, values, self.default_method, append_unknown
+            )
+            if rv is not None:
+                return rv
+
+        # Default method did not match or a specific method is passed.
+        # Check all for first match with matching host. If no matching
+        # host is found, go with first result.
+        first_match = None
+
+        for rule in self.map._rules_by_endpoint.get(endpoint, ()):
+            if rule.suitable_for(values, method):
+                build_rv = rule.build(values, append_unknown)
+
+                if build_rv is not None:
+                    rv = (build_rv[0], build_rv[1], rule.websocket)
+                    if self.map.host_matching:
+                        if rv[0] == self.server_name:
+                            return rv
+                        elif first_match is None:
+                            first_match = rv
+                    else:
+                        return rv
+
+        return first_match
+
+    def build(
+        self,
+        endpoint: str,
+        values: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        method: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        force_external: bool = False,
+        append_unknown: bool = True,
+        url_scheme: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Building URLs works pretty much the other way round.  Instead of
+        `match` you call `build` and pass it the endpoint and a dict of
+        arguments for the placeholders.
+
+        The `build` function also accepts an argument called `force_external`
+        which, if you set it to `True` will force external URLs. Per default
+        external URLs (include the server name) will only be used if the
+        target URL is on a different subdomain.
+
+        >>> m = Map([
+        ...     Rule('/', endpoint='index'),
+        ...     Rule('/downloads/', endpoint='downloads/index'),
+        ...     Rule('/downloads/<int:id>', endpoint='downloads/show')
+        ... ])
+        >>> urls = m.bind("example.com", "/")
+        >>> urls.build("index", {})
+        '/'
+        >>> urls.build("downloads/show", {'id': 42})
+        '/downloads/42'
+        >>> urls.build("downloads/show", {'id': 42}, force_external=True)
+        'http://example.com/downloads/42'
+
+        Because URLs cannot contain non ASCII data you will always get
+        bytes back.  Non ASCII characters are urlencoded with the
+        charset defined on the map instance.
+
+        Additional values are converted to strings and appended to the URL as
+        URL querystring parameters:
+
+        >>> urls.build("index", {'q': 'My Searchstring'})
+        '/?q=My+Searchstring'
+
+        When processing those additional values, lists are furthermore
+        interpreted as multiple values (as per
+        :py:class:`werkzeug.datastructures.MultiDict`):
+
+        >>> urls.build("index", {'q': ['a', 'b', 'c']})
+        '/?q=a&q=b&q=c'
+
+        Passing a ``MultiDict`` will also add multiple values:
+
+        >>> urls.build("index", MultiDict((('p', 'z'), ('q', 'a'), ('q', 'b'))))
+        '/?p=z&q=a&q=b'
+
+        If a rule does not exist when building a `BuildError` exception is
+        raised.
+
+        The build method accepts an argument called `method` which allows you
+        to specify the method you want to have an URL built for if you have
+        different methods for the same endpoint specified.
+
+        :param endpoint: the endpoint of the URL to build.
+        :param values: the values for the URL to build.  Unhandled values are
+                       appended to the URL as query parameters.
+        :param method: the HTTP method for the rule if there are different
+                       URLs for different methods on the same endpoint.
+        :param force_external: enforce full canonical external URLs. If the URL
+                               scheme is not provided, this will generate
+                               a protocol-relative URL.
+        :param append_unknown: unknown parameters are appended to the generated
+                               URL as query string argument.  Disable this
+                               if you want the builder to ignore those.
+        :param url_scheme: Scheme to use in place of the bound
+            :attr:`url_scheme`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            Added the ``url_scheme`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+           Added the ``append_unknown`` parameter.
+        """
+        self.map.update()
+
+        if values:
+            temp_values: t.Dict[str, t.Union[t.List[t.Any], t.Any]] = {}
+            always_list = isinstance(values, MultiDict)
+            key: str
+            value: t.Optional[t.Union[t.List[t.Any], t.Any]]
+
+            # For MultiDict, dict.items(values) is like values.lists()
+            # without the call or list coercion overhead.
+            for key, value in dict.items(values):  # type: ignore
+                if value is None:
+                    continue
+
+                if always_list or isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+                    value = [v for v in value if v is not None]
+
+                    if not value:
+                        continue
+
+                    if len(value) == 1:
+                        value = value[0]
+
+                temp_values[key] = value
+
+            values = temp_values
+        else:
+            values = {}
+
+        rv = self._partial_build(endpoint, values, method, append_unknown)
+        if rv is None:
+            raise BuildError(endpoint, values, method, self)
+
+        domain_part, path, websocket = rv
+        host = self.get_host(domain_part)
+
+        if url_scheme is None:
+            url_scheme = self.url_scheme
+
+        # Always build WebSocket routes with the scheme (browsers
+        # require full URLs). If bound to a WebSocket, ensure that HTTP
+        # routes are built with an HTTP scheme.
+        secure = url_scheme in {"https", "wss"}
+
+        if websocket:
+            force_external = True
+            url_scheme = "wss" if secure else "ws"
+        elif url_scheme:
+            url_scheme = "https" if secure else "http"
+
+        # shortcut this.
+        if not force_external and (
+            (self.map.host_matching and host == self.server_name)
+            or (not self.map.host_matching and domain_part == self.subdomain)
+        ):
+            return f"{self.script_name.rstrip('/')}/{path.lstrip('/')}"
+
+        scheme = f"{url_scheme}:" if url_scheme else ""
+        return f"{scheme}//{host}{self.script_name[:-1]}/{path.lstrip('/')}"
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/multipart.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/multipart.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb8ab34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/multipart.py
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+import re
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import auto
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import cast
+from typing import List
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Tuple
+
+from .._internal import _to_bytes
+from .._internal import _to_str
+from ..datastructures import Headers
+from ..exceptions import RequestEntityTooLarge
+from ..http import parse_options_header
+
+
+class Event:
+    pass
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Preamble(Event):
+    data: bytes
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Field(Event):
+    name: str
+    headers: Headers
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class File(Event):
+    name: str
+    filename: str
+    headers: Headers
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Data(Event):
+    data: bytes
+    more_data: bool
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Epilogue(Event):
+    data: bytes
+
+
+class NeedData(Event):
+    pass
+
+
+NEED_DATA = NeedData()
+
+
+class State(Enum):
+    PREAMBLE = auto()
+    PART = auto()
+    DATA = auto()
+    EPILOGUE = auto()
+    COMPLETE = auto()
+
+
+# Multipart line breaks MUST be CRLF (\r\n) by RFC-7578, except that
+# many implementations break this and either use CR or LF alone.
+LINE_BREAK = b"(?:\r\n|\n|\r)"
+BLANK_LINE_RE = re.compile(b"(?:\r\n\r\n|\r\r|\n\n)", re.MULTILINE)
+LINE_BREAK_RE = re.compile(LINE_BREAK, re.MULTILINE)
+# Header values can be continued via a space or tab after the linebreak, as
+# per RFC2231
+HEADER_CONTINUATION_RE = re.compile(b"%s[ \t]" % LINE_BREAK, re.MULTILINE)
+
+
+class MultipartDecoder:
+    """Decodes a multipart message as bytes into Python events.
+
+    The part data is returned as available to allow the caller to save
+    the data from memory to disk, if desired.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        boundary: bytes,
+        max_form_memory_size: Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.buffer = bytearray()
+        self.complete = False
+        self.max_form_memory_size = max_form_memory_size
+        self.state = State.PREAMBLE
+        self.boundary = boundary
+
+        # Note in the below \h i.e. horizontal whitespace is used
+        # as [^\S\n\r] as \h isn't supported in python.
+
+        # The preamble must end with a boundary where the boundary is
+        # prefixed by a line break, RFC2046. Except that many
+        # implementations including Werkzeug's tests omit the line
+        # break prefix. In addition the first boundary could be the
+        # epilogue boundary (for empty form-data) hence the matching
+        # group to understand if it is an epilogue boundary.
+        self.preamble_re = re.compile(
+            br"%s?--%s(--[^\S\n\r]*%s?|[^\S\n\r]*%s)"
+            % (LINE_BREAK, re.escape(boundary), LINE_BREAK, LINE_BREAK),
+            re.MULTILINE,
+        )
+        # A boundary must include a line break prefix and suffix, and
+        # may include trailing whitespace. In addition the boundary
+        # could be the epilogue boundary hence the matching group to
+        # understand if it is an epilogue boundary.
+        self.boundary_re = re.compile(
+            br"%s--%s(--[^\S\n\r]*%s?|[^\S\n\r]*%s)"
+            % (LINE_BREAK, re.escape(boundary), LINE_BREAK, LINE_BREAK),
+            re.MULTILINE,
+        )
+
+    def last_newline(self) -> int:
+        try:
+            last_nl = self.buffer.rindex(b"\n")
+        except ValueError:
+            last_nl = len(self.buffer)
+        try:
+            last_cr = self.buffer.rindex(b"\r")
+        except ValueError:
+            last_cr = len(self.buffer)
+
+        return min(last_nl, last_cr)
+
+    def receive_data(self, data: Optional[bytes]) -> None:
+        if data is None:
+            self.complete = True
+        elif (
+            self.max_form_memory_size is not None
+            and len(self.buffer) + len(data) > self.max_form_memory_size
+        ):
+            raise RequestEntityTooLarge()
+        else:
+            self.buffer.extend(data)
+
+    def next_event(self) -> Event:
+        event: Event = NEED_DATA
+
+        if self.state == State.PREAMBLE:
+            match = self.preamble_re.search(self.buffer)
+            if match is not None:
+                if match.group(1).startswith(b"--"):
+                    self.state = State.EPILOGUE
+                else:
+                    self.state = State.PART
+                data = bytes(self.buffer[: match.start()])
+                del self.buffer[: match.end()]
+                event = Preamble(data=data)
+
+        elif self.state == State.PART:
+            match = BLANK_LINE_RE.search(self.buffer)
+            if match is not None:
+                headers = self._parse_headers(self.buffer[: match.start()])
+                del self.buffer[: match.end()]
+
+                if "content-disposition" not in headers:
+                    raise ValueError("Missing Content-Disposition header")
+
+                disposition, extra = parse_options_header(
+                    headers["content-disposition"]
+                )
+                name = cast(str, extra.get("name"))
+                filename = extra.get("filename")
+                if filename is not None:
+                    event = File(
+                        filename=filename,
+                        headers=headers,
+                        name=name,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    event = Field(
+                        headers=headers,
+                        name=name,
+                    )
+                self.state = State.DATA
+
+        elif self.state == State.DATA:
+            if self.buffer.find(b"--" + self.boundary) == -1:
+                # No complete boundary in the buffer, but there may be
+                # a partial boundary at the end. As the boundary
+                # starts with either a nl or cr find the earliest and
+                # return up to that as data.
+                data_length = del_index = self.last_newline()
+                more_data = True
+            else:
+                match = self.boundary_re.search(self.buffer)
+                if match is not None:
+                    if match.group(1).startswith(b"--"):
+                        self.state = State.EPILOGUE
+                    else:
+                        self.state = State.PART
+                    data_length = match.start()
+                    del_index = match.end()
+                else:
+                    data_length = del_index = self.last_newline()
+                more_data = match is None
+
+            data = bytes(self.buffer[:data_length])
+            del self.buffer[:del_index]
+            if data or not more_data:
+                event = Data(data=data, more_data=more_data)
+
+        elif self.state == State.EPILOGUE and self.complete:
+            event = Epilogue(data=bytes(self.buffer))
+            del self.buffer[:]
+            self.state = State.COMPLETE
+
+        if self.complete and isinstance(event, NeedData):
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid form-data cannot parse beyond {self.state}")
+
+        return event
+
+    def _parse_headers(self, data: bytes) -> Headers:
+        headers: List[Tuple[str, str]] = []
+        # Merge the continued headers into one line
+        data = HEADER_CONTINUATION_RE.sub(b" ", data)
+        # Now there is one header per line
+        for line in data.splitlines():
+            if line.strip() != b"":
+                name, value = _to_str(line).strip().split(":", 1)
+                headers.append((name.strip(), value.strip()))
+        return Headers(headers)
+
+
+class MultipartEncoder:
+    def __init__(self, boundary: bytes) -> None:
+        self.boundary = boundary
+        self.state = State.PREAMBLE
+
+    def send_event(self, event: Event) -> bytes:
+        if isinstance(event, Preamble) and self.state == State.PREAMBLE:
+            self.state = State.PART
+            return event.data
+        elif isinstance(event, (Field, File)) and self.state in {
+            State.PREAMBLE,
+            State.PART,
+            State.DATA,
+        }:
+            self.state = State.DATA
+            data = b"\r\n--" + self.boundary + b"\r\n"
+            data += b'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"' % _to_bytes(event.name)
+            if isinstance(event, File):
+                data += b'; filename="%s"' % _to_bytes(event.filename)
+            data += b"\r\n"
+            for name, value in cast(Field, event).headers:
+                if name.lower() != "content-disposition":
+                    data += _to_bytes(f"{name}: {value}\r\n")
+            data += b"\r\n"
+            return data
+        elif isinstance(event, Data) and self.state == State.DATA:
+            return event.data
+        elif isinstance(event, Epilogue):
+            self.state = State.COMPLETE
+            return b"\r\n--" + self.boundary + b"--\r\n" + event.data
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Cannot generate {event} in state: {self.state}")
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/request.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/request.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c21a21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/request.py
@@ -0,0 +1,548 @@
+import typing as t
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from .._internal import _to_str
+from ..datastructures import Accept
+from ..datastructures import Authorization
+from ..datastructures import CharsetAccept
+from ..datastructures import ETags
+from ..datastructures import Headers
+from ..datastructures import HeaderSet
+from ..datastructures import IfRange
+from ..datastructures import ImmutableList
+from ..datastructures import ImmutableMultiDict
+from ..datastructures import LanguageAccept
+from ..datastructures import MIMEAccept
+from ..datastructures import MultiDict
+from ..datastructures import Range
+from ..datastructures import RequestCacheControl
+from ..http import parse_accept_header
+from ..http import parse_authorization_header
+from ..http import parse_cache_control_header
+from ..http import parse_cookie
+from ..http import parse_date
+from ..http import parse_etags
+from ..http import parse_if_range_header
+from ..http import parse_list_header
+from ..http import parse_options_header
+from ..http import parse_range_header
+from ..http import parse_set_header
+from ..urls import url_decode
+from ..user_agent import UserAgent
+from ..useragents import _UserAgent as _DeprecatedUserAgent
+from ..utils import cached_property
+from ..utils import header_property
+from .utils import get_current_url
+from .utils import get_host
+
+
+class Request:
+    """Represents the non-IO parts of a HTTP request, including the
+    method, URL info, and headers.
+
+    This class is not meant for general use. It should only be used when
+    implementing WSGI, ASGI, or another HTTP application spec. Werkzeug
+    provides a WSGI implementation at :cls:`werkzeug.wrappers.Request`.
+
+    :param method: The method the request was made with, such as
+        ``GET``.
+    :param scheme: The URL scheme of the protocol the request used, such
+        as ``https`` or ``wss``.
+    :param server: The address of the server. ``(host, port)``,
+        ``(path, None)`` for unix sockets, or ``None`` if not known.
+    :param root_path: The prefix that the application is mounted under.
+        This is prepended to generated URLs, but is not part of route
+        matching.
+    :param path: The path part of the URL after ``root_path``.
+    :param query_string: The part of the URL after the "?".
+    :param headers: The headers received with the request.
+    :param remote_addr: The address of the client sending the request.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+
+    #: The charset used to decode most data in the request.
+    charset = "utf-8"
+
+    #: the error handling procedure for errors, defaults to 'replace'
+    encoding_errors = "replace"
+
+    #: the class to use for `args` and `form`.  The default is an
+    #: :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ImmutableMultiDict` which supports
+    #: multiple values per key.  alternatively it makes sense to use an
+    #: :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ImmutableOrderedMultiDict` which
+    #: preserves order or a :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ImmutableDict`
+    #: which is the fastest but only remembers the last key.  It is also
+    #: possible to use mutable structures, but this is not recommended.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.6
+    parameter_storage_class: t.Type[MultiDict] = ImmutableMultiDict
+
+    #: The type to be used for dict values from the incoming WSGI
+    #: environment. (For example for :attr:`cookies`.) By default an
+    #: :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ImmutableMultiDict` is used.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionchanged:: 1.0.0
+    #:     Changed to ``ImmutableMultiDict`` to support multiple values.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.6
+    dict_storage_class: t.Type[MultiDict] = ImmutableMultiDict
+
+    #: the type to be used for list values from the incoming WSGI environment.
+    #: By default an :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ImmutableList` is used
+    #: (for example for :attr:`access_list`).
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.6
+    list_storage_class: t.Type[t.List] = ImmutableList
+
+    user_agent_class = _DeprecatedUserAgent
+    """The class used and returned by the :attr:`user_agent` property to
+    parse the header. Defaults to
+    :class:`~werkzeug.user_agent.UserAgent`, which does no parsing. An
+    extension can provide a subclass that uses a parser to provide other
+    data.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+
+    #: Valid host names when handling requests. By default all hosts are
+    #: trusted, which means that whatever the client says the host is
+    #: will be accepted.
+    #:
+    #: Because ``Host`` and ``X-Forwarded-Host`` headers can be set to
+    #: any value by a malicious client, it is recommended to either set
+    #: this property or implement similar validation in the proxy (if
+    #: the application is being run behind one).
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    trusted_hosts: t.Optional[t.List[str]] = None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        scheme: str,
+        server: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[int]]],
+        root_path: str,
+        path: str,
+        query_string: bytes,
+        headers: Headers,
+        remote_addr: t.Optional[str],
+    ) -> None:
+        #: The method the request was made with, such as ``GET``.
+        self.method = method.upper()
+        #: The URL scheme of the protocol the request used, such as
+        #: ``https`` or ``wss``.
+        self.scheme = scheme
+        #: The address of the server. ``(host, port)``, ``(path, None)``
+        #: for unix sockets, or ``None`` if not known.
+        self.server = server
+        #: The prefix that the application is mounted under, without a
+        #: trailing slash. :attr:`path` comes after this.
+        self.root_path = root_path.rstrip("/")
+        #: The path part of the URL after :attr:`root_path`. This is the
+        #: path used for routing within the application.
+        self.path = "/" + path.lstrip("/")
+        #: The part of the URL after the "?". This is the raw value, use
+        #: :attr:`args` for the parsed values.
+        self.query_string = query_string
+        #: The headers received with the request.
+        self.headers = headers
+        #: The address of the client sending the request.
+        self.remote_addr = remote_addr
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        try:
+            url = self.url
+        except Exception as e:
+            url = f"(invalid URL: {e})"
+
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {url!r} [{self.method}]>"
+
+    @property
+    def url_charset(self) -> str:
+        """The charset that is assumed for URLs. Defaults to the value
+        of :attr:`charset`.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+        """
+        return self.charset
+
+    @cached_property
+    def args(self) -> "MultiDict[str, str]":
+        """The parsed URL parameters (the part in the URL after the question
+        mark).
+
+        By default an
+        :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ImmutableMultiDict`
+        is returned from this function.  This can be changed by setting
+        :attr:`parameter_storage_class` to a different type.  This might
+        be necessary if the order of the form data is important.
+        """
+        return url_decode(
+            self.query_string,
+            self.url_charset,
+            errors=self.encoding_errors,
+            cls=self.parameter_storage_class,
+        )
+
+    @cached_property
+    def access_route(self) -> t.List[str]:
+        """If a forwarded header exists this is a list of all ip addresses
+        from the client ip to the last proxy server.
+        """
+        if "X-Forwarded-For" in self.headers:
+            return self.list_storage_class(
+                parse_list_header(self.headers["X-Forwarded-For"])
+            )
+        elif self.remote_addr is not None:
+            return self.list_storage_class([self.remote_addr])
+        return self.list_storage_class()
+
+    @cached_property
+    def full_path(self) -> str:
+        """Requested path, including the query string."""
+        return f"{self.path}?{_to_str(self.query_string, self.url_charset)}"
+
+    @property
+    def is_secure(self) -> bool:
+        """``True`` if the request was made with a secure protocol
+        (HTTPS or WSS).
+        """
+        return self.scheme in {"https", "wss"}
+
+    @cached_property
+    def url(self) -> str:
+        """The full request URL with the scheme, host, root path, path,
+        and query string."""
+        return get_current_url(
+            self.scheme, self.host, self.root_path, self.path, self.query_string
+        )
+
+    @cached_property
+    def base_url(self) -> str:
+        """Like :attr:`url` but without the query string."""
+        return get_current_url(self.scheme, self.host, self.root_path, self.path)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def root_url(self) -> str:
+        """The request URL scheme, host, and root path. This is the root
+        that the application is accessed from.
+        """
+        return get_current_url(self.scheme, self.host, self.root_path)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def host_url(self) -> str:
+        """The request URL scheme and host only."""
+        return get_current_url(self.scheme, self.host)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def host(self) -> str:
+        """The host name the request was made to, including the port if
+        it's non-standard. Validated with :attr:`trusted_hosts`.
+        """
+        return get_host(
+            self.scheme, self.headers.get("host"), self.server, self.trusted_hosts
+        )
+
+    @cached_property
+    def cookies(self) -> "ImmutableMultiDict[str, str]":
+        """A :class:`dict` with the contents of all cookies transmitted with
+        the request."""
+        wsgi_combined_cookie = ";".join(self.headers.getlist("Cookie"))
+        return parse_cookie(  # type: ignore
+            wsgi_combined_cookie,
+            self.charset,
+            self.encoding_errors,
+            cls=self.dict_storage_class,
+        )
+
+    # Common Descriptors
+
+    content_type = header_property[str](
+        "Content-Type",
+        doc="""The Content-Type entity-header field indicates the media
+        type of the entity-body sent to the recipient or, in the case of
+        the HEAD method, the media type that would have been sent had
+        the request been a GET.""",
+        read_only=True,
+    )
+
+    @cached_property
+    def content_length(self) -> t.Optional[int]:
+        """The Content-Length entity-header field indicates the size of the
+        entity-body in bytes or, in the case of the HEAD method, the size of
+        the entity-body that would have been sent had the request been a
+        GET.
+        """
+        if self.headers.get("Transfer-Encoding", "") == "chunked":
+            return None
+
+        content_length = self.headers.get("Content-Length")
+        if content_length is not None:
+            try:
+                return max(0, int(content_length))
+            except (ValueError, TypeError):
+                pass
+
+        return None
+
+    content_encoding = header_property[str](
+        "Content-Encoding",
+        doc="""The Content-Encoding entity-header field is used as a
+        modifier to the media-type. When present, its value indicates
+        what additional content codings have been applied to the
+        entity-body, and thus what decoding mechanisms must be applied
+        in order to obtain the media-type referenced by the Content-Type
+        header field.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9""",
+        read_only=True,
+    )
+    content_md5 = header_property[str](
+        "Content-MD5",
+        doc="""The Content-MD5 entity-header field, as defined in
+        RFC 1864, is an MD5 digest of the entity-body for the purpose of
+        providing an end-to-end message integrity check (MIC) of the
+        entity-body. (Note: a MIC is good for detecting accidental
+        modification of the entity-body in transit, but is not proof
+        against malicious attacks.)
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9""",
+        read_only=True,
+    )
+    referrer = header_property[str](
+        "Referer",
+        doc="""The Referer[sic] request-header field allows the client
+        to specify, for the server's benefit, the address (URI) of the
+        resource from which the Request-URI was obtained (the
+        "referrer", although the header field is misspelled).""",
+        read_only=True,
+    )
+    date = header_property(
+        "Date",
+        None,
+        parse_date,
+        doc="""The Date general-header field represents the date and
+        time at which the message was originated, having the same
+        semantics as orig-date in RFC 822.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The datetime object is timezone-aware.
+        """,
+        read_only=True,
+    )
+    max_forwards = header_property(
+        "Max-Forwards",
+        None,
+        int,
+        doc="""The Max-Forwards request-header field provides a
+        mechanism with the TRACE and OPTIONS methods to limit the number
+        of proxies or gateways that can forward the request to the next
+        inbound server.""",
+        read_only=True,
+    )
+
+    def _parse_content_type(self) -> None:
+        if not hasattr(self, "_parsed_content_type"):
+            self._parsed_content_type = parse_options_header(
+                self.headers.get("Content-Type", "")
+            )
+
+    @property
+    def mimetype(self) -> str:
+        """Like :attr:`content_type`, but without parameters (eg, without
+        charset, type etc.) and always lowercase.  For example if the content
+        type is ``text/HTML; charset=utf-8`` the mimetype would be
+        ``'text/html'``.
+        """
+        self._parse_content_type()
+        return self._parsed_content_type[0].lower()
+
+    @property
+    def mimetype_params(self) -> t.Dict[str, str]:
+        """The mimetype parameters as dict.  For example if the content
+        type is ``text/html; charset=utf-8`` the params would be
+        ``{'charset': 'utf-8'}``.
+        """
+        self._parse_content_type()
+        return self._parsed_content_type[1]
+
+    @cached_property
+    def pragma(self) -> HeaderSet:
+        """The Pragma general-header field is used to include
+        implementation-specific directives that might apply to any recipient
+        along the request/response chain.  All pragma directives specify
+        optional behavior from the viewpoint of the protocol; however, some
+        systems MAY require that behavior be consistent with the directives.
+        """
+        return parse_set_header(self.headers.get("Pragma", ""))
+
+    # Accept
+
+    @cached_property
+    def accept_mimetypes(self) -> MIMEAccept:
+        """List of mimetypes this client supports as
+        :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.MIMEAccept` object.
+        """
+        return parse_accept_header(self.headers.get("Accept"), MIMEAccept)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def accept_charsets(self) -> CharsetAccept:
+        """List of charsets this client supports as
+        :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.CharsetAccept` object.
+        """
+        return parse_accept_header(self.headers.get("Accept-Charset"), CharsetAccept)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def accept_encodings(self) -> Accept:
+        """List of encodings this client accepts.  Encodings in a HTTP term
+        are compression encodings such as gzip.  For charsets have a look at
+        :attr:`accept_charset`.
+        """
+        return parse_accept_header(self.headers.get("Accept-Encoding"))
+
+    @cached_property
+    def accept_languages(self) -> LanguageAccept:
+        """List of languages this client accepts as
+        :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.LanguageAccept` object.
+
+        .. versionchanged 0.5
+           In previous versions this was a regular
+           :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.Accept` object.
+        """
+        return parse_accept_header(self.headers.get("Accept-Language"), LanguageAccept)
+
+    # ETag
+
+    @cached_property
+    def cache_control(self) -> RequestCacheControl:
+        """A :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.RequestCacheControl` object
+        for the incoming cache control headers.
+        """
+        cache_control = self.headers.get("Cache-Control")
+        return parse_cache_control_header(cache_control, None, RequestCacheControl)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def if_match(self) -> ETags:
+        """An object containing all the etags in the `If-Match` header.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ETags`
+        """
+        return parse_etags(self.headers.get("If-Match"))
+
+    @cached_property
+    def if_none_match(self) -> ETags:
+        """An object containing all the etags in the `If-None-Match` header.
+
+        :rtype: :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ETags`
+        """
+        return parse_etags(self.headers.get("If-None-Match"))
+
+    @cached_property
+    def if_modified_since(self) -> t.Optional[datetime]:
+        """The parsed `If-Modified-Since` header as a datetime object.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The datetime object is timezone-aware.
+        """
+        return parse_date(self.headers.get("If-Modified-Since"))
+
+    @cached_property
+    def if_unmodified_since(self) -> t.Optional[datetime]:
+        """The parsed `If-Unmodified-Since` header as a datetime object.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The datetime object is timezone-aware.
+        """
+        return parse_date(self.headers.get("If-Unmodified-Since"))
+
+    @cached_property
+    def if_range(self) -> IfRange:
+        """The parsed ``If-Range`` header.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            ``IfRange.date`` is timezone-aware.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+        return parse_if_range_header(self.headers.get("If-Range"))
+
+    @cached_property
+    def range(self) -> t.Optional[Range]:
+        """The parsed `Range` header.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+
+        :rtype: :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.Range`
+        """
+        return parse_range_header(self.headers.get("Range"))
+
+    # User Agent
+
+    @cached_property
+    def user_agent(self) -> UserAgent:
+        """The user agent. Use ``user_agent.string`` to get the header
+        value. Set :attr:`user_agent_class` to a subclass of
+        :class:`~werkzeug.user_agent.UserAgent` to provide parsing for
+        the other properties or other extended data.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The built in parser is deprecated and will be removed in
+            Werkzeug 2.1. A ``UserAgent`` subclass must be set to parse
+            data from the string.
+        """
+        return self.user_agent_class(self.headers.get("User-Agent", ""))
+
+    # Authorization
+
+    @cached_property
+    def authorization(self) -> t.Optional[Authorization]:
+        """The `Authorization` object in parsed form."""
+        return parse_authorization_header(self.headers.get("Authorization"))
+
+    # CORS
+
+    origin = header_property[str](
+        "Origin",
+        doc=(
+            "The host that the request originated from. Set"
+            " :attr:`~CORSResponseMixin.access_control_allow_origin` on"
+            " the response to indicate which origins are allowed."
+        ),
+        read_only=True,
+    )
+
+    access_control_request_headers = header_property(
+        "Access-Control-Request-Headers",
+        load_func=parse_set_header,
+        doc=(
+            "Sent with a preflight request to indicate which headers"
+            " will be sent with the cross origin request. Set"
+            " :attr:`~CORSResponseMixin.access_control_allow_headers`"
+            " on the response to indicate which headers are allowed."
+        ),
+        read_only=True,
+    )
+
+    access_control_request_method = header_property[str](
+        "Access-Control-Request-Method",
+        doc=(
+            "Sent with a preflight request to indicate which method"
+            " will be used for the cross origin request. Set"
+            " :attr:`~CORSResponseMixin.access_control_allow_methods`"
+            " on the response to indicate which methods are allowed."
+        ),
+        read_only=True,
+    )
+
+    @property
+    def is_json(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the mimetype indicates JSON data, either
+        :mimetype:`application/json` or :mimetype:`application/*+json`.
+        """
+        mt = self.mimetype
+        return (
+            mt == "application/json"
+            or mt.startswith("application/")
+            and mt.endswith("+json")
+        )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/response.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/response.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82817e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/response.py
@@ -0,0 +1,704 @@
+import typing as t
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timedelta
+from datetime import timezone
+from http import HTTPStatus
+
+from .._internal import _to_str
+from ..datastructures import Headers
+from ..datastructures import HeaderSet
+from ..http import dump_cookie
+from ..http import HTTP_STATUS_CODES
+from ..utils import get_content_type
+from werkzeug.datastructures import CallbackDict
+from werkzeug.datastructures import ContentRange
+from werkzeug.datastructures import ContentSecurityPolicy
+from werkzeug.datastructures import ResponseCacheControl
+from werkzeug.datastructures import WWWAuthenticate
+from werkzeug.http import COEP
+from werkzeug.http import COOP
+from werkzeug.http import dump_age
+from werkzeug.http import dump_header
+from werkzeug.http import dump_options_header
+from werkzeug.http import http_date
+from werkzeug.http import parse_age
+from werkzeug.http import parse_cache_control_header
+from werkzeug.http import parse_content_range_header
+from werkzeug.http import parse_csp_header
+from werkzeug.http import parse_date
+from werkzeug.http import parse_options_header
+from werkzeug.http import parse_set_header
+from werkzeug.http import parse_www_authenticate_header
+from werkzeug.http import quote_etag
+from werkzeug.http import unquote_etag
+from werkzeug.utils import header_property
+
+
+def _set_property(name: str, doc: t.Optional[str] = None) -> property:
+    def fget(self: "Response") -> HeaderSet:
+        def on_update(header_set: HeaderSet) -> None:
+            if not header_set and name in self.headers:
+                del self.headers[name]
+            elif header_set:
+                self.headers[name] = header_set.to_header()
+
+        return parse_set_header(self.headers.get(name), on_update)
+
+    def fset(
+        self: "Response",
+        value: t.Optional[
+            t.Union[str, t.Dict[str, t.Union[str, int]], t.Iterable[str]]
+        ],
+    ) -> None:
+        if not value:
+            del self.headers[name]
+        elif isinstance(value, str):
+            self.headers[name] = value
+        else:
+            self.headers[name] = dump_header(value)
+
+    return property(fget, fset, doc=doc)
+
+
+class Response:
+    """Represents the non-IO parts of an HTTP response, specifically the
+    status and headers but not the body.
+
+    This class is not meant for general use. It should only be used when
+    implementing WSGI, ASGI, or another HTTP application spec. Werkzeug
+    provides a WSGI implementation at :cls:`werkzeug.wrappers.Response`.
+
+    :param status: The status code for the response. Either an int, in
+        which case the default status message is added, or a string in
+        the form ``{code} {message}``, like ``404 Not Found``. Defaults
+        to 200.
+    :param headers: A :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.Headers` object,
+        or a list of ``(key, value)`` tuples that will be converted to a
+        ``Headers`` object.
+    :param mimetype: The mime type (content type without charset or
+        other parameters) of the response. If the value starts with
+        ``text/`` (or matches some other special cases), the charset
+        will be added to create the ``content_type``.
+    :param content_type: The full content type of the response.
+        Overrides building the value from ``mimetype``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+    """
+
+    #: the charset of the response.
+    charset = "utf-8"
+
+    #: the default status if none is provided.
+    default_status = 200
+
+    #: the default mimetype if none is provided.
+    default_mimetype = "text/plain"
+
+    #: Warn if a cookie header exceeds this size. The default, 4093, should be
+    #: safely `supported by most browsers <cookie_>`_. A cookie larger than
+    #: this size will still be sent, but it may be ignored or handled
+    #: incorrectly by some browsers. Set to 0 to disable this check.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.13
+    #:
+    #: .. _`cookie`: http://browsercookielimits.squawky.net/
+    max_cookie_size = 4093
+
+    # A :class:`Headers` object representing the response headers.
+    headers: Headers
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        status: t.Optional[t.Union[int, str, HTTPStatus]] = None,
+        headers: t.Optional[
+            t.Union[
+                t.Mapping[str, t.Union[str, int, t.Iterable[t.Union[str, int]]]],
+                t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, t.Union[str, int]]],
+            ]
+        ] = None,
+        mimetype: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        content_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if isinstance(headers, Headers):
+            self.headers = headers
+        elif not headers:
+            self.headers = Headers()
+        else:
+            self.headers = Headers(headers)
+
+        if content_type is None:
+            if mimetype is None and "content-type" not in self.headers:
+                mimetype = self.default_mimetype
+            if mimetype is not None:
+                mimetype = get_content_type(mimetype, self.charset)
+            content_type = mimetype
+        if content_type is not None:
+            self.headers["Content-Type"] = content_type
+        if status is None:
+            status = self.default_status
+        self.status = status  # type: ignore
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} [{self.status}]>"
+
+    @property
+    def status_code(self) -> int:
+        """The HTTP status code as a number."""
+        return self._status_code
+
+    @status_code.setter
+    def status_code(self, code: int) -> None:
+        self.status = code  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def status(self) -> str:
+        """The HTTP status code as a string."""
+        return self._status
+
+    @status.setter
+    def status(self, value: t.Union[str, int, HTTPStatus]) -> None:
+        if not isinstance(value, (str, bytes, int, HTTPStatus)):
+            raise TypeError("Invalid status argument")
+
+        self._status, self._status_code = self._clean_status(value)
+
+    def _clean_status(self, value: t.Union[str, int, HTTPStatus]) -> t.Tuple[str, int]:
+        if isinstance(value, HTTPStatus):
+            value = int(value)
+        status = _to_str(value, self.charset)
+        split_status = status.split(None, 1)
+
+        if len(split_status) == 0:
+            raise ValueError("Empty status argument")
+
+        if len(split_status) > 1:
+            if split_status[0].isdigit():
+                # code and message
+                return status, int(split_status[0])
+
+            # multi-word message
+            return f"0 {status}", 0
+
+        if split_status[0].isdigit():
+            # code only
+            status_code = int(split_status[0])
+
+            try:
+                status = f"{status_code} {HTTP_STATUS_CODES[status_code].upper()}"
+            except KeyError:
+                status = f"{status_code} UNKNOWN"
+
+            return status, status_code
+
+        # one-word message
+        return f"0 {status}", 0
+
+    def set_cookie(
+        self,
+        key: str,
+        value: str = "",
+        max_age: t.Optional[t.Union[timedelta, int]] = None,
+        expires: t.Optional[t.Union[str, datetime, int, float]] = None,
+        path: t.Optional[str] = "/",
+        domain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        secure: bool = False,
+        httponly: bool = False,
+        samesite: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Sets a cookie.
+
+        A warning is raised if the size of the cookie header exceeds
+        :attr:`max_cookie_size`, but the header will still be set.
+
+        :param key: the key (name) of the cookie to be set.
+        :param value: the value of the cookie.
+        :param max_age: should be a number of seconds, or `None` (default) if
+                        the cookie should last only as long as the client's
+                        browser session.
+        :param expires: should be a `datetime` object or UNIX timestamp.
+        :param path: limits the cookie to a given path, per default it will
+                     span the whole domain.
+        :param domain: if you want to set a cross-domain cookie.  For example,
+                       ``domain=".example.com"`` will set a cookie that is
+                       readable by the domain ``www.example.com``,
+                       ``foo.example.com`` etc.  Otherwise, a cookie will only
+                       be readable by the domain that set it.
+        :param secure: If ``True``, the cookie will only be available
+            via HTTPS.
+        :param httponly: Disallow JavaScript access to the cookie.
+        :param samesite: Limit the scope of the cookie to only be
+            attached to requests that are "same-site".
+        """
+        self.headers.add(
+            "Set-Cookie",
+            dump_cookie(
+                key,
+                value=value,
+                max_age=max_age,
+                expires=expires,
+                path=path,
+                domain=domain,
+                secure=secure,
+                httponly=httponly,
+                charset=self.charset,
+                max_size=self.max_cookie_size,
+                samesite=samesite,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def delete_cookie(
+        self,
+        key: str,
+        path: str = "/",
+        domain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        secure: bool = False,
+        httponly: bool = False,
+        samesite: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Delete a cookie.  Fails silently if key doesn't exist.
+
+        :param key: the key (name) of the cookie to be deleted.
+        :param path: if the cookie that should be deleted was limited to a
+                     path, the path has to be defined here.
+        :param domain: if the cookie that should be deleted was limited to a
+                       domain, that domain has to be defined here.
+        :param secure: If ``True``, the cookie will only be available
+            via HTTPS.
+        :param httponly: Disallow JavaScript access to the cookie.
+        :param samesite: Limit the scope of the cookie to only be
+            attached to requests that are "same-site".
+        """
+        self.set_cookie(
+            key,
+            expires=0,
+            max_age=0,
+            path=path,
+            domain=domain,
+            secure=secure,
+            httponly=httponly,
+            samesite=samesite,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def is_json(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the mimetype indicates JSON data, either
+        :mimetype:`application/json` or :mimetype:`application/*+json`.
+        """
+        mt = self.mimetype
+        return mt is not None and (
+            mt == "application/json"
+            or mt.startswith("application/")
+            and mt.endswith("+json")
+        )
+
+    # Common Descriptors
+
+    @property
+    def mimetype(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The mimetype (content type without charset etc.)"""
+        ct = self.headers.get("content-type")
+
+        if ct:
+            return ct.split(";")[0].strip()
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    @mimetype.setter
+    def mimetype(self, value: str) -> None:
+        self.headers["Content-Type"] = get_content_type(value, self.charset)
+
+    @property
+    def mimetype_params(self) -> t.Dict[str, str]:
+        """The mimetype parameters as dict. For example if the
+        content type is ``text/html; charset=utf-8`` the params would be
+        ``{'charset': 'utf-8'}``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.5
+        """
+
+        def on_update(d: CallbackDict) -> None:
+            self.headers["Content-Type"] = dump_options_header(self.mimetype, d)
+
+        d = parse_options_header(self.headers.get("content-type", ""))[1]
+        return CallbackDict(d, on_update)
+
+    location = header_property[str](
+        "Location",
+        doc="""The Location response-header field is used to redirect
+        the recipient to a location other than the Request-URI for
+        completion of the request or identification of a new
+        resource.""",
+    )
+    age = header_property(
+        "Age",
+        None,
+        parse_age,
+        dump_age,  # type: ignore
+        doc="""The Age response-header field conveys the sender's
+        estimate of the amount of time since the response (or its
+        revalidation) was generated at the origin server.
+
+        Age values are non-negative decimal integers, representing time
+        in seconds.""",
+    )
+    content_type = header_property[str](
+        "Content-Type",
+        doc="""The Content-Type entity-header field indicates the media
+        type of the entity-body sent to the recipient or, in the case of
+        the HEAD method, the media type that would have been sent had
+        the request been a GET.""",
+    )
+    content_length = header_property(
+        "Content-Length",
+        None,
+        int,
+        str,
+        doc="""The Content-Length entity-header field indicates the size
+        of the entity-body, in decimal number of OCTETs, sent to the
+        recipient or, in the case of the HEAD method, the size of the
+        entity-body that would have been sent had the request been a
+        GET.""",
+    )
+    content_location = header_property[str](
+        "Content-Location",
+        doc="""The Content-Location entity-header field MAY be used to
+        supply the resource location for the entity enclosed in the
+        message when that entity is accessible from a location separate
+        from the requested resource's URI.""",
+    )
+    content_encoding = header_property[str](
+        "Content-Encoding",
+        doc="""The Content-Encoding entity-header field is used as a
+        modifier to the media-type. When present, its value indicates
+        what additional content codings have been applied to the
+        entity-body, and thus what decoding mechanisms must be applied
+        in order to obtain the media-type referenced by the Content-Type
+        header field.""",
+    )
+    content_md5 = header_property[str](
+        "Content-MD5",
+        doc="""The Content-MD5 entity-header field, as defined in
+        RFC 1864, is an MD5 digest of the entity-body for the purpose of
+        providing an end-to-end message integrity check (MIC) of the
+        entity-body. (Note: a MIC is good for detecting accidental
+        modification of the entity-body in transit, but is not proof
+        against malicious attacks.)""",
+    )
+    date = header_property(
+        "Date",
+        None,
+        parse_date,
+        http_date,
+        doc="""The Date general-header field represents the date and
+        time at which the message was originated, having the same
+        semantics as orig-date in RFC 822.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The datetime object is timezone-aware.
+        """,
+    )
+    expires = header_property(
+        "Expires",
+        None,
+        parse_date,
+        http_date,
+        doc="""The Expires entity-header field gives the date/time after
+        which the response is considered stale. A stale cache entry may
+        not normally be returned by a cache.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The datetime object is timezone-aware.
+        """,
+    )
+    last_modified = header_property(
+        "Last-Modified",
+        None,
+        parse_date,
+        http_date,
+        doc="""The Last-Modified entity-header field indicates the date
+        and time at which the origin server believes the variant was
+        last modified.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The datetime object is timezone-aware.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    @property
+    def retry_after(self) -> t.Optional[datetime]:
+        """The Retry-After response-header field can be used with a
+        503 (Service Unavailable) response to indicate how long the
+        service is expected to be unavailable to the requesting client.
+
+        Time in seconds until expiration or date.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The datetime object is timezone-aware.
+        """
+        value = self.headers.get("retry-after")
+        if value is None:
+            return None
+        elif value.isdigit():
+            return datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(seconds=int(value))
+        return parse_date(value)
+
+    @retry_after.setter
+    def retry_after(self, value: t.Optional[t.Union[datetime, int, str]]) -> None:
+        if value is None:
+            if "retry-after" in self.headers:
+                del self.headers["retry-after"]
+            return
+        elif isinstance(value, datetime):
+            value = http_date(value)
+        else:
+            value = str(value)
+        self.headers["Retry-After"] = value
+
+    vary = _set_property(
+        "Vary",
+        doc="""The Vary field value indicates the set of request-header
+        fields that fully determines, while the response is fresh,
+        whether a cache is permitted to use the response to reply to a
+        subsequent request without revalidation.""",
+    )
+    content_language = _set_property(
+        "Content-Language",
+        doc="""The Content-Language entity-header field describes the
+        natural language(s) of the intended audience for the enclosed
+        entity. Note that this might not be equivalent to all the
+        languages used within the entity-body.""",
+    )
+    allow = _set_property(
+        "Allow",
+        doc="""The Allow entity-header field lists the set of methods
+        supported by the resource identified by the Request-URI. The
+        purpose of this field is strictly to inform the recipient of
+        valid methods associated with the resource. An Allow header
+        field MUST be present in a 405 (Method Not Allowed)
+        response.""",
+    )
+
+    # ETag
+
+    @property
+    def cache_control(self) -> ResponseCacheControl:
+        """The Cache-Control general-header field is used to specify
+        directives that MUST be obeyed by all caching mechanisms along the
+        request/response chain.
+        """
+
+        def on_update(cache_control: ResponseCacheControl) -> None:
+            if not cache_control and "cache-control" in self.headers:
+                del self.headers["cache-control"]
+            elif cache_control:
+                self.headers["Cache-Control"] = cache_control.to_header()
+
+        return parse_cache_control_header(
+            self.headers.get("cache-control"), on_update, ResponseCacheControl
+        )
+
+    def set_etag(self, etag: str, weak: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Set the etag, and override the old one if there was one."""
+        self.headers["ETag"] = quote_etag(etag, weak)
+
+    def get_etag(self) -> t.Union[t.Tuple[str, bool], t.Tuple[None, None]]:
+        """Return a tuple in the form ``(etag, is_weak)``.  If there is no
+        ETag the return value is ``(None, None)``.
+        """
+        return unquote_etag(self.headers.get("ETag"))
+
+    accept_ranges = header_property[str](
+        "Accept-Ranges",
+        doc="""The `Accept-Ranges` header. Even though the name would
+        indicate that multiple values are supported, it must be one
+        string token only.
+
+        The values ``'bytes'`` and ``'none'`` are common.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7""",
+    )
+
+    @property
+    def content_range(self) -> ContentRange:
+        """The ``Content-Range`` header as a
+        :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ContentRange` object. Available
+        even if the header is not set.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.7
+        """
+
+        def on_update(rng: ContentRange) -> None:
+            if not rng:
+                del self.headers["content-range"]
+            else:
+                self.headers["Content-Range"] = rng.to_header()
+
+        rv = parse_content_range_header(self.headers.get("content-range"), on_update)
+        # always provide a content range object to make the descriptor
+        # more user friendly.  It provides an unset() method that can be
+        # used to remove the header quickly.
+        if rv is None:
+            rv = ContentRange(None, None, None, on_update=on_update)
+        return rv
+
+    @content_range.setter
+    def content_range(self, value: t.Optional[t.Union[ContentRange, str]]) -> None:
+        if not value:
+            del self.headers["content-range"]
+        elif isinstance(value, str):
+            self.headers["Content-Range"] = value
+        else:
+            self.headers["Content-Range"] = value.to_header()
+
+    # Authorization
+
+    @property
+    def www_authenticate(self) -> WWWAuthenticate:
+        """The ``WWW-Authenticate`` header in a parsed form."""
+
+        def on_update(www_auth: WWWAuthenticate) -> None:
+            if not www_auth and "www-authenticate" in self.headers:
+                del self.headers["www-authenticate"]
+            elif www_auth:
+                self.headers["WWW-Authenticate"] = www_auth.to_header()
+
+        header = self.headers.get("www-authenticate")
+        return parse_www_authenticate_header(header, on_update)
+
+    # CSP
+
+    @property
+    def content_security_policy(self) -> ContentSecurityPolicy:
+        """The ``Content-Security-Policy`` header as a
+        :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ContentSecurityPolicy` object. Available
+        even if the header is not set.
+
+        The Content-Security-Policy header adds an additional layer of
+        security to help detect and mitigate certain types of attacks.
+        """
+
+        def on_update(csp: ContentSecurityPolicy) -> None:
+            if not csp:
+                del self.headers["content-security-policy"]
+            else:
+                self.headers["Content-Security-Policy"] = csp.to_header()
+
+        rv = parse_csp_header(self.headers.get("content-security-policy"), on_update)
+        if rv is None:
+            rv = ContentSecurityPolicy(None, on_update=on_update)
+        return rv
+
+    @content_security_policy.setter
+    def content_security_policy(
+        self, value: t.Optional[t.Union[ContentSecurityPolicy, str]]
+    ) -> None:
+        if not value:
+            del self.headers["content-security-policy"]
+        elif isinstance(value, str):
+            self.headers["Content-Security-Policy"] = value
+        else:
+            self.headers["Content-Security-Policy"] = value.to_header()
+
+    @property
+    def content_security_policy_report_only(self) -> ContentSecurityPolicy:
+        """The ``Content-Security-policy-report-only`` header as a
+        :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ContentSecurityPolicy` object. Available
+        even if the header is not set.
+
+        The Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only header adds a csp policy
+        that is not enforced but is reported thereby helping detect
+        certain types of attacks.
+        """
+
+        def on_update(csp: ContentSecurityPolicy) -> None:
+            if not csp:
+                del self.headers["content-security-policy-report-only"]
+            else:
+                self.headers["Content-Security-policy-report-only"] = csp.to_header()
+
+        rv = parse_csp_header(
+            self.headers.get("content-security-policy-report-only"), on_update
+        )
+        if rv is None:
+            rv = ContentSecurityPolicy(None, on_update=on_update)
+        return rv
+
+    @content_security_policy_report_only.setter
+    def content_security_policy_report_only(
+        self, value: t.Optional[t.Union[ContentSecurityPolicy, str]]
+    ) -> None:
+        if not value:
+            del self.headers["content-security-policy-report-only"]
+        elif isinstance(value, str):
+            self.headers["Content-Security-policy-report-only"] = value
+        else:
+            self.headers["Content-Security-policy-report-only"] = value.to_header()
+
+    # CORS
+
+    @property
+    def access_control_allow_credentials(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether credentials can be shared by the browser to
+        JavaScript code. As part of the preflight request it indicates
+        whether credentials can be used on the cross origin request.
+        """
+        return "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials" in self.headers
+
+    @access_control_allow_credentials.setter
+    def access_control_allow_credentials(self, value: t.Optional[bool]) -> None:
+        if value is True:
+            self.headers["Access-Control-Allow-Credentials"] = "true"
+        else:
+            self.headers.pop("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", None)
+
+    access_control_allow_headers = header_property(
+        "Access-Control-Allow-Headers",
+        load_func=parse_set_header,
+        dump_func=dump_header,
+        doc="Which headers can be sent with the cross origin request.",
+    )
+
+    access_control_allow_methods = header_property(
+        "Access-Control-Allow-Methods",
+        load_func=parse_set_header,
+        dump_func=dump_header,
+        doc="Which methods can be used for the cross origin request.",
+    )
+
+    access_control_allow_origin = header_property[str](
+        "Access-Control-Allow-Origin",
+        doc="The origin or '*' for any origin that may make cross origin requests.",
+    )
+
+    access_control_expose_headers = header_property(
+        "Access-Control-Expose-Headers",
+        load_func=parse_set_header,
+        dump_func=dump_header,
+        doc="Which headers can be shared by the browser to JavaScript code.",
+    )
+
+    access_control_max_age = header_property(
+        "Access-Control-Max-Age",
+        load_func=int,
+        dump_func=str,
+        doc="The maximum age in seconds the access control settings can be cached for.",
+    )
+
+    cross_origin_opener_policy = header_property[COOP](
+        "Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy",
+        load_func=lambda value: COOP(value),
+        dump_func=lambda value: value.value,
+        default=COOP.UNSAFE_NONE,
+        doc="""Allows control over sharing of browsing context group with cross-origin
+        documents. Values must be a member of the :class:`werkzeug.http.COOP` enum.""",
+    )
+
+    cross_origin_embedder_policy = header_property[COEP](
+        "Cross-Origin-Embedder-Policy",
+        load_func=lambda value: COEP(value),
+        dump_func=lambda value: value.value,
+        default=COEP.UNSAFE_NONE,
+        doc="""Prevents a document from loading any cross-origin resources that do not
+        explicitly grant the document permission. Values must be a member of the
+        :class:`werkzeug.http.COEP` enum.""",
+    )
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/utils.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b4d892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/sansio/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+import typing as t
+
+from .._internal import _encode_idna
+from ..exceptions import SecurityError
+from ..urls import uri_to_iri
+from ..urls import url_quote
+
+
+def host_is_trusted(hostname: str, trusted_list: t.Iterable[str]) -> bool:
+    """Check if a host matches a list of trusted names.
+
+    :param hostname: The name to check.
+    :param trusted_list: A list of valid names to match. If a name
+        starts with a dot it will match all subdomains.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+    if not hostname:
+        return False
+
+    if isinstance(trusted_list, str):
+        trusted_list = [trusted_list]
+
+    def _normalize(hostname: str) -> bytes:
+        if ":" in hostname:
+            hostname = hostname.rsplit(":", 1)[0]
+
+        return _encode_idna(hostname)
+
+    try:
+        hostname_bytes = _normalize(hostname)
+    except UnicodeError:
+        return False
+
+    for ref in trusted_list:
+        if ref.startswith("."):
+            ref = ref[1:]
+            suffix_match = True
+        else:
+            suffix_match = False
+
+        try:
+            ref_bytes = _normalize(ref)
+        except UnicodeError:
+            return False
+
+        if ref_bytes == hostname_bytes:
+            return True
+
+        if suffix_match and hostname_bytes.endswith(b"." + ref_bytes):
+            return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+def get_host(
+    scheme: str,
+    host_header: t.Optional[str],
+    server: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[int]]] = None,
+    trusted_hosts: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Return the host for the given parameters.
+
+    This first checks the ``host_header``. If it's not present, then
+    ``server`` is used. The host will only contain the port if it is
+    different than the standard port for the protocol.
+
+    Optionally, verify that the host is trusted using
+    :func:`host_is_trusted` and raise a
+    :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.SecurityError` if it is not.
+
+    :param scheme: The protocol the request used, like ``"https"``.
+    :param host_header: The ``Host`` header value.
+    :param server: Address of the server. ``(host, port)``, or
+        ``(path, None)`` for unix sockets.
+    :param trusted_hosts: A list of trusted host names.
+
+    :return: Host, with port if necessary.
+    :raise ~werkzeug.exceptions.SecurityError: If the host is not
+        trusted.
+    """
+    host = ""
+
+    if host_header is not None:
+        host = host_header
+    elif server is not None:
+        host = server[0]
+
+        if server[1] is not None:
+            host = f"{host}:{server[1]}"
+
+    if scheme in {"http", "ws"} and host.endswith(":80"):
+        host = host[:-3]
+    elif scheme in {"https", "wss"} and host.endswith(":443"):
+        host = host[:-4]
+
+    if trusted_hosts is not None:
+        if not host_is_trusted(host, trusted_hosts):
+            raise SecurityError(f"Host {host!r} is not trusted.")
+
+    return host
+
+
+def get_current_url(
+    scheme: str,
+    host: str,
+    root_path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    path: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    query_string: t.Optional[bytes] = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Recreate the URL for a request. If an optional part isn't
+    provided, it and subsequent parts are not included in the URL.
+
+    The URL is an IRI, not a URI, so it may contain Unicode characters.
+    Use :func:`~werkzeug.urls.iri_to_uri` to convert it to ASCII.
+
+    :param scheme: The protocol the request used, like ``"https"``.
+    :param host: The host the request was made to. See :func:`get_host`.
+    :param root_path: Prefix that the application is mounted under. This
+        is prepended to ``path``.
+    :param path: The path part of the URL after ``root_path``.
+    :param query_string: The portion of the URL after the "?".
+    """
+    url = [scheme, "://", host]
+
+    if root_path is None:
+        url.append("/")
+        return uri_to_iri("".join(url))
+
+    url.append(url_quote(root_path.rstrip("/")))
+    url.append("/")
+
+    if path is None:
+        return uri_to_iri("".join(url))
+
+    url.append(url_quote(path.lstrip("/")))
+
+    if query_string:
+        url.append("?")
+        url.append(url_quote(query_string, safe=":&%=+$!*'(),"))
+
+    return uri_to_iri("".join(url))
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/security.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/security.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e23040a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/security.py
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+import hashlib
+import hmac
+import os
+import posixpath
+import secrets
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    pass
+
+SALT_CHARS = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789"
+DEFAULT_PBKDF2_ITERATIONS = 260000
+
+_os_alt_seps: t.List[str] = list(
+    sep for sep in [os.path.sep, os.path.altsep] if sep is not None and sep != "/"
+)
+
+
+def pbkdf2_hex(
+    data: t.Union[str, bytes],
+    salt: t.Union[str, bytes],
+    iterations: int = DEFAULT_PBKDF2_ITERATIONS,
+    keylen: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    hashfunc: t.Optional[t.Union[str, t.Callable]] = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Like :func:`pbkdf2_bin`, but returns a hex-encoded string.
+
+    :param data: the data to derive.
+    :param salt: the salt for the derivation.
+    :param iterations: the number of iterations.
+    :param keylen: the length of the resulting key.  If not provided,
+                   the digest size will be used.
+    :param hashfunc: the hash function to use.  This can either be the
+                     string name of a known hash function, or a function
+                     from the hashlib module.  Defaults to sha256.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use :func:`hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac`
+        instead.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'pbkdf2_hex' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug"
+        " 2.1. Use 'hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac().hex()' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return pbkdf2_bin(data, salt, iterations, keylen, hashfunc).hex()
+
+
+def pbkdf2_bin(
+    data: t.Union[str, bytes],
+    salt: t.Union[str, bytes],
+    iterations: int = DEFAULT_PBKDF2_ITERATIONS,
+    keylen: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    hashfunc: t.Optional[t.Union[str, t.Callable]] = None,
+) -> bytes:
+    """Returns a binary digest for the PBKDF2 hash algorithm of `data`
+    with the given `salt`. It iterates `iterations` times and produces a
+    key of `keylen` bytes. By default, SHA-256 is used as hash function;
+    a different hashlib `hashfunc` can be provided.
+
+    :param data: the data to derive.
+    :param salt: the salt for the derivation.
+    :param iterations: the number of iterations.
+    :param keylen: the length of the resulting key.  If not provided
+                   the digest size will be used.
+    :param hashfunc: the hash function to use.  This can either be the
+                     string name of a known hash function or a function
+                     from the hashlib module.  Defaults to sha256.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use :func:`hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac`
+        instead.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'pbkdf2_bin' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug"
+        " 2.1. Use 'hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac()' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+
+    if isinstance(data, str):
+        data = data.encode("utf8")
+
+    if isinstance(salt, str):
+        salt = salt.encode("utf8")
+
+    if not hashfunc:
+        hash_name = "sha256"
+    elif callable(hashfunc):
+        hash_name = hashfunc().name
+    else:
+        hash_name = hashfunc
+
+    return hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac(hash_name, data, salt, iterations, keylen)
+
+
+def safe_str_cmp(a: str, b: str) -> bool:
+    """This function compares strings in somewhat constant time.  This
+    requires that the length of at least one string is known in advance.
+
+    Returns `True` if the two strings are equal, or `False` if they are not.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use
+        :func:`hmac.compare_digest` instead.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.7
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'safe_str_cmp' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug"
+        " 2.1. Use 'hmac.compare_digest' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+
+    if isinstance(a, str):
+        a = a.encode("utf-8")  # type: ignore
+
+    if isinstance(b, str):
+        b = b.encode("utf-8")  # type: ignore
+
+    return hmac.compare_digest(a, b)
+
+
+def gen_salt(length: int) -> str:
+    """Generate a random string of SALT_CHARS with specified ``length``."""
+    if length <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("Salt length must be positive")
+
+    return "".join(secrets.choice(SALT_CHARS) for _ in range(length))
+
+
+def _hash_internal(method: str, salt: str, password: str) -> t.Tuple[str, str]:
+    """Internal password hash helper.  Supports plaintext without salt,
+    unsalted and salted passwords.  In case salted passwords are used
+    hmac is used.
+    """
+    if method == "plain":
+        return password, method
+
+    salt = salt.encode("utf-8")
+    password = password.encode("utf-8")
+
+    if method.startswith("pbkdf2:"):
+        if not salt:
+            raise ValueError("Salt is required for PBKDF2")
+
+        args = method[7:].split(":")
+
+        if len(args) not in (1, 2):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid number of arguments for PBKDF2")
+
+        method = args.pop(0)
+        iterations = int(args[0] or 0) if args else DEFAULT_PBKDF2_ITERATIONS
+        return (
+            hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac(method, password, salt, iterations).hex(),
+            f"pbkdf2:{method}:{iterations}",
+        )
+
+    if salt:
+        return hmac.new(salt, password, method).hexdigest(), method
+
+    return hashlib.new(method, password).hexdigest(), method
+
+
+def generate_password_hash(
+    password: str, method: str = "pbkdf2:sha256", salt_length: int = 16
+) -> str:
+    """Hash a password with the given method and salt with a string of
+    the given length. The format of the string returned includes the method
+    that was used so that :func:`check_password_hash` can check the hash.
+
+    The format for the hashed string looks like this::
+
+        method$salt$hash
+
+    This method can **not** generate unsalted passwords but it is possible
+    to set param method='plain' in order to enforce plaintext passwords.
+    If a salt is used, hmac is used internally to salt the password.
+
+    If PBKDF2 is wanted it can be enabled by setting the method to
+    ``pbkdf2:method:iterations`` where iterations is optional::
+
+        pbkdf2:sha256:80000$salt$hash
+        pbkdf2:sha256$salt$hash
+
+    :param password: the password to hash.
+    :param method: the hash method to use (one that hashlib supports). Can
+                   optionally be in the format ``pbkdf2:method:iterations``
+                   to enable PBKDF2.
+    :param salt_length: the length of the salt in letters.
+    """
+    salt = gen_salt(salt_length) if method != "plain" else ""
+    h, actual_method = _hash_internal(method, salt, password)
+    return f"{actual_method}${salt}${h}"
+
+
+def check_password_hash(pwhash: str, password: str) -> bool:
+    """Check a password against a given salted and hashed password value.
+    In order to support unsalted legacy passwords this method supports
+    plain text passwords, md5 and sha1 hashes (both salted and unsalted).
+
+    Returns `True` if the password matched, `False` otherwise.
+
+    :param pwhash: a hashed string like returned by
+                   :func:`generate_password_hash`.
+    :param password: the plaintext password to compare against the hash.
+    """
+    if pwhash.count("$") < 2:
+        return False
+
+    method, salt, hashval = pwhash.split("$", 2)
+    return hmac.compare_digest(_hash_internal(method, salt, password)[0], hashval)
+
+
+def safe_join(directory: str, *pathnames: str) -> t.Optional[str]:
+    """Safely join zero or more untrusted path components to a base
+    directory to avoid escaping the base directory.
+
+    :param directory: The trusted base directory.
+    :param pathnames: The untrusted path components relative to the
+        base directory.
+    :return: A safe path, otherwise ``None``.
+    """
+    parts = [directory]
+
+    for filename in pathnames:
+        if filename != "":
+            filename = posixpath.normpath(filename)
+
+        if (
+            any(sep in filename for sep in _os_alt_seps)
+            or os.path.isabs(filename)
+            or filename == ".."
+            or filename.startswith("../")
+        ):
+            return None
+
+        parts.append(filename)
+
+    return posixpath.join(*parts)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/serving.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/serving.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..197b6fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/serving.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1081 @@
+"""A WSGI and HTTP server for use **during development only**. This
+server is convenient to use, but is not designed to be particularly
+stable, secure, or efficient. Use a dedicate WSGI server and HTTP
+server when deploying to production.
+
+It provides features like interactive debugging and code reloading. Use
+``run_simple`` to start the server. Put this in a ``run.py`` script:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    from myapp import create_app
+    from werkzeug import run_simple
+"""
+import io
+import os
+import platform
+import signal
+import socket
+import socketserver
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from datetime import datetime as dt
+from datetime import timedelta
+from datetime import timezone
+from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler
+from http.server import HTTPServer
+
+from ._internal import _log
+from ._internal import _wsgi_encoding_dance
+from .exceptions import InternalServerError
+from .urls import uri_to_iri
+from .urls import url_parse
+from .urls import url_unquote
+
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+
+    class _SslDummy:
+        def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> t.Any:
+            raise RuntimeError("SSL support unavailable")  # noqa: B904
+
+    ssl = _SslDummy()  # type: ignore
+
+_log_add_style = True
+
+if os.name == "nt":
+    try:
+        __import__("colorama")
+    except ImportError:
+        _log_add_style = False
+
+can_fork = hasattr(os, "fork")
+
+if can_fork:
+    ForkingMixIn = socketserver.ForkingMixIn
+else:
+
+    class ForkingMixIn:  # type: ignore
+        pass
+
+
+try:
+    af_unix = socket.AF_UNIX
+except AttributeError:
+    af_unix = None  # type: ignore
+
+LISTEN_QUEUE = 128
+can_open_by_fd = not platform.system() == "Windows" and hasattr(socket, "fromfd")
+
+_TSSLContextArg = t.Optional[
+    t.Union["ssl.SSLContext", t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str]], "te.Literal['adhoc']"]
+]
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te  # noqa: F401
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+    from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric.rsa import (
+        RSAPrivateKeyWithSerialization,
+    )
+    from cryptography.x509 import Certificate
+
+
+class DechunkedInput(io.RawIOBase):
+    """An input stream that handles Transfer-Encoding 'chunked'"""
+
+    def __init__(self, rfile: t.IO[bytes]) -> None:
+        self._rfile = rfile
+        self._done = False
+        self._len = 0
+
+    def readable(self) -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    def read_chunk_len(self) -> int:
+        try:
+            line = self._rfile.readline().decode("latin1")
+            _len = int(line.strip(), 16)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise OSError("Invalid chunk header") from e
+        if _len < 0:
+            raise OSError("Negative chunk length not allowed")
+        return _len
+
+    def readinto(self, buf: bytearray) -> int:  # type: ignore
+        read = 0
+        while not self._done and read < len(buf):
+            if self._len == 0:
+                # This is the first chunk or we fully consumed the previous
+                # one. Read the next length of the next chunk
+                self._len = self.read_chunk_len()
+
+            if self._len == 0:
+                # Found the final chunk of size 0. The stream is now exhausted,
+                # but there is still a final newline that should be consumed
+                self._done = True
+
+            if self._len > 0:
+                # There is data (left) in this chunk, so append it to the
+                # buffer. If this operation fully consumes the chunk, this will
+                # reset self._len to 0.
+                n = min(len(buf), self._len)
+
+                # If (read + chunk size) becomes more than len(buf), buf will
+                # grow beyond the original size and read more data than
+                # required. So only read as much data as can fit in buf.
+                if read + n > len(buf):
+                    buf[read:] = self._rfile.read(len(buf) - read)
+                    self._len -= len(buf) - read
+                    read = len(buf)
+                else:
+                    buf[read : read + n] = self._rfile.read(n)
+                    self._len -= n
+                    read += n
+
+            if self._len == 0:
+                # Skip the terminating newline of a chunk that has been fully
+                # consumed. This also applies to the 0-sized final chunk
+                terminator = self._rfile.readline()
+                if terminator not in (b"\n", b"\r\n", b"\r"):
+                    raise OSError("Missing chunk terminating newline")
+
+        return read
+
+
+class WSGIRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
+    """A request handler that implements WSGI dispatching."""
+
+    server: "BaseWSGIServer"
+
+    @property
+    def server_version(self) -> str:  # type: ignore
+        from . import __version__
+
+        return f"Werkzeug/{__version__}"
+
+    def make_environ(self) -> "WSGIEnvironment":
+        request_url = url_parse(self.path)
+
+        def shutdown_server() -> None:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "The 'environ['werkzeug.server.shutdown']' function is"
+                " deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            self.server.shutdown_signal = True
+
+        url_scheme = "http" if self.server.ssl_context is None else "https"
+
+        if not self.client_address:
+            self.client_address = ("<local>", 0)
+        elif isinstance(self.client_address, str):
+            self.client_address = (self.client_address, 0)
+
+        # If there was no scheme but the path started with two slashes,
+        # the first segment may have been incorrectly parsed as the
+        # netloc, prepend it to the path again.
+        if not request_url.scheme and request_url.netloc:
+            path_info = f"/{request_url.netloc}{request_url.path}"
+        else:
+            path_info = request_url.path
+
+        path_info = url_unquote(path_info)
+
+        environ: "WSGIEnvironment" = {
+            "wsgi.version": (1, 0),
+            "wsgi.url_scheme": url_scheme,
+            "wsgi.input": self.rfile,
+            "wsgi.errors": sys.stderr,
+            "wsgi.multithread": self.server.multithread,
+            "wsgi.multiprocess": self.server.multiprocess,
+            "wsgi.run_once": False,
+            "werkzeug.server.shutdown": shutdown_server,
+            "werkzeug.socket": self.connection,
+            "SERVER_SOFTWARE": self.server_version,
+            "REQUEST_METHOD": self.command,
+            "SCRIPT_NAME": "",
+            "PATH_INFO": _wsgi_encoding_dance(path_info),
+            "QUERY_STRING": _wsgi_encoding_dance(request_url.query),
+            # Non-standard, added by mod_wsgi, uWSGI
+            "REQUEST_URI": _wsgi_encoding_dance(self.path),
+            # Non-standard, added by gunicorn
+            "RAW_URI": _wsgi_encoding_dance(self.path),
+            "REMOTE_ADDR": self.address_string(),
+            "REMOTE_PORT": self.port_integer(),
+            "SERVER_NAME": self.server.server_address[0],
+            "SERVER_PORT": str(self.server.server_address[1]),
+            "SERVER_PROTOCOL": self.request_version,
+        }
+
+        for key, value in self.headers.items():
+            key = key.upper().replace("-", "_")
+            value = value.replace("\r\n", "")
+            if key not in ("CONTENT_TYPE", "CONTENT_LENGTH"):
+                key = f"HTTP_{key}"
+                if key in environ:
+                    value = f"{environ[key]},{value}"
+            environ[key] = value
+
+        if environ.get("HTTP_TRANSFER_ENCODING", "").strip().lower() == "chunked":
+            environ["wsgi.input_terminated"] = True
+            environ["wsgi.input"] = DechunkedInput(environ["wsgi.input"])
+
+        # Per RFC 2616, if the URL is absolute, use that as the host.
+        # We're using "has a scheme" to indicate an absolute URL.
+        if request_url.scheme and request_url.netloc:
+            environ["HTTP_HOST"] = request_url.netloc
+
+        try:
+            # binary_form=False gives nicer information, but wouldn't be compatible with
+            # what Nginx or Apache could return.
+            peer_cert = self.connection.getpeercert(binary_form=True)
+            if peer_cert is not None:
+                # Nginx and Apache use PEM format.
+                environ["SSL_CLIENT_CERT"] = ssl.DER_cert_to_PEM_cert(peer_cert)
+        except ValueError:
+            # SSL handshake hasn't finished.
+            self.server.log("error", "Cannot fetch SSL peer certificate info")
+        except AttributeError:
+            # Not using TLS, the socket will not have getpeercert().
+            pass
+
+        return environ
+
+    def run_wsgi(self) -> None:
+        if self.headers.get("Expect", "").lower().strip() == "100-continue":
+            self.wfile.write(b"HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n\r\n")
+
+        self.environ = environ = self.make_environ()
+        status_set: t.Optional[str] = None
+        headers_set: t.Optional[t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]] = None
+        status_sent: t.Optional[str] = None
+        headers_sent: t.Optional[t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]] = None
+
+        def write(data: bytes) -> None:
+            nonlocal status_sent, headers_sent
+            assert status_set is not None, "write() before start_response"
+            assert headers_set is not None, "write() before start_response"
+            if status_sent is None:
+                status_sent = status_set
+                headers_sent = headers_set
+                try:
+                    code_str, msg = status_sent.split(None, 1)
+                except ValueError:
+                    code_str, msg = status_sent, ""
+                code = int(code_str)
+                self.send_response(code, msg)
+                header_keys = set()
+                for key, value in headers_sent:
+                    self.send_header(key, value)
+                    key = key.lower()
+                    header_keys.add(key)
+                if not (
+                    "content-length" in header_keys
+                    or environ["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "HEAD"
+                    or code < 200
+                    or code in (204, 304)
+                ):
+                    self.close_connection = True
+                    self.send_header("Connection", "close")
+                if "server" not in header_keys:
+                    self.send_header("Server", self.version_string())
+                if "date" not in header_keys:
+                    self.send_header("Date", self.date_time_string())
+                self.end_headers()
+
+            assert isinstance(data, bytes), "applications must write bytes"
+            self.wfile.write(data)
+            self.wfile.flush()
+
+        def start_response(status, headers, exc_info=None):  # type: ignore
+            nonlocal status_set, headers_set
+            if exc_info:
+                try:
+                    if headers_sent:
+                        raise exc_info[1].with_traceback(exc_info[2])
+                finally:
+                    exc_info = None
+            elif headers_set:
+                raise AssertionError("Headers already set")
+            status_set = status
+            headers_set = headers
+            return write
+
+        def execute(app: "WSGIApplication") -> None:
+            application_iter = app(environ, start_response)
+            try:
+                for data in application_iter:
+                    write(data)
+                if not headers_sent:
+                    write(b"")
+            finally:
+                if hasattr(application_iter, "close"):
+                    application_iter.close()  # type: ignore
+
+        try:
+            execute(self.server.app)
+        except (ConnectionError, socket.timeout) as e:
+            self.connection_dropped(e, environ)
+        except Exception:
+            if self.server.passthrough_errors:
+                raise
+            from .debug.tbtools import get_current_traceback
+
+            traceback = get_current_traceback(ignore_system_exceptions=True)
+            try:
+                # if we haven't yet sent the headers but they are set
+                # we roll back to be able to set them again.
+                if status_sent is None:
+                    status_set = None
+                    headers_set = None
+                execute(InternalServerError())
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            self.server.log("error", "Error on request:\n%s", traceback.plaintext)
+
+    def handle(self) -> None:
+        """Handles a request ignoring dropped connections."""
+        try:
+            BaseHTTPRequestHandler.handle(self)
+        except (ConnectionError, socket.timeout) as e:
+            self.connection_dropped(e)
+        except Exception as e:
+            if self.server.ssl_context is not None and is_ssl_error(e):
+                self.log_error("SSL error occurred: %s", e)
+            else:
+                raise
+        if self.server.shutdown_signal:
+            self.initiate_shutdown()
+
+    def initiate_shutdown(self) -> None:
+        if is_running_from_reloader():
+            # Windows does not provide SIGKILL, go with SIGTERM then.
+            sig = getattr(signal, "SIGKILL", signal.SIGTERM)
+            os.kill(os.getpid(), sig)
+
+        self.server._BaseServer__shutdown_request = True  # type: ignore
+
+    def connection_dropped(
+        self, error: BaseException, environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None
+    ) -> None:
+        """Called if the connection was closed by the client.  By default
+        nothing happens.
+        """
+
+    def handle_one_request(self) -> None:
+        """Handle a single HTTP request."""
+        self.raw_requestline = self.rfile.readline()
+        if not self.raw_requestline:
+            self.close_connection = True
+        elif self.parse_request():
+            self.run_wsgi()
+
+    def send_response(self, code: int, message: t.Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """Send the response header and log the response code."""
+        self.log_request(code)
+        if message is None:
+            message = self.responses[code][0] if code in self.responses else ""
+        if self.request_version != "HTTP/0.9":
+            hdr = f"{self.protocol_version} {code} {message}\r\n"
+            self.wfile.write(hdr.encode("ascii"))
+
+    def version_string(self) -> str:
+        return super().version_string().strip()
+
+    def address_string(self) -> str:
+        if getattr(self, "environ", None):
+            return self.environ["REMOTE_ADDR"]  # type: ignore
+
+        if not self.client_address:
+            return "<local>"
+
+        return self.client_address[0]
+
+    def port_integer(self) -> int:
+        return self.client_address[1]
+
+    def log_request(
+        self, code: t.Union[int, str] = "-", size: t.Union[int, str] = "-"
+    ) -> None:
+        try:
+            path = uri_to_iri(self.path)
+            msg = f"{self.command} {path} {self.request_version}"
+        except AttributeError:
+            # path isn't set if the requestline was bad
+            msg = self.requestline
+
+        code = str(code)
+
+        if _log_add_style:
+            if code[0] == "1":  # 1xx - Informational
+                msg = _ansi_style(msg, "bold")
+            elif code == "200":  # 2xx - Success
+                pass
+            elif code == "304":  # 304 - Resource Not Modified
+                msg = _ansi_style(msg, "cyan")
+            elif code[0] == "3":  # 3xx - Redirection
+                msg = _ansi_style(msg, "green")
+            elif code == "404":  # 404 - Resource Not Found
+                msg = _ansi_style(msg, "yellow")
+            elif code[0] == "4":  # 4xx - Client Error
+                msg = _ansi_style(msg, "bold", "red")
+            else:  # 5xx, or any other response
+                msg = _ansi_style(msg, "bold", "magenta")
+
+        self.log("info", '"%s" %s %s', msg, code, size)
+
+    def log_error(self, format: str, *args: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.log("error", format, *args)
+
+    def log_message(self, format: str, *args: t.Any) -> None:
+        self.log("info", format, *args)
+
+    def log(self, type: str, message: str, *args: t.Any) -> None:
+        _log(
+            type,
+            f"{self.address_string()} - - [{self.log_date_time_string()}] {message}\n",
+            *args,
+        )
+
+
+def _ansi_style(value: str, *styles: str) -> str:
+    codes = {
+        "bold": 1,
+        "red": 31,
+        "green": 32,
+        "yellow": 33,
+        "magenta": 35,
+        "cyan": 36,
+    }
+
+    for style in styles:
+        value = f"\x1b[{codes[style]}m{value}"
+
+    return f"{value}\x1b[0m"
+
+
+def generate_adhoc_ssl_pair(
+    cn: t.Optional[str] = None,
+) -> t.Tuple["Certificate", "RSAPrivateKeyWithSerialization"]:
+    try:
+        from cryptography import x509
+        from cryptography.x509.oid import NameOID
+        from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend
+        from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
+        from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa
+    except ImportError:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "Using ad-hoc certificates requires the cryptography library."
+        ) from None
+
+    backend = default_backend()
+    pkey = rsa.generate_private_key(
+        public_exponent=65537, key_size=2048, backend=backend
+    )
+
+    # pretty damn sure that this is not actually accepted by anyone
+    if cn is None:
+        cn = "*"
+
+    subject = x509.Name(
+        [
+            x509.NameAttribute(NameOID.ORGANIZATION_NAME, "Dummy Certificate"),
+            x509.NameAttribute(NameOID.COMMON_NAME, cn),
+        ]
+    )
+
+    backend = default_backend()
+    cert = (
+        x509.CertificateBuilder()
+        .subject_name(subject)
+        .issuer_name(subject)
+        .public_key(pkey.public_key())
+        .serial_number(x509.random_serial_number())
+        .not_valid_before(dt.now(timezone.utc))
+        .not_valid_after(dt.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(days=365))
+        .add_extension(x509.ExtendedKeyUsage([x509.OID_SERVER_AUTH]), critical=False)
+        .add_extension(x509.SubjectAlternativeName([x509.DNSName(cn)]), critical=False)
+        .sign(pkey, hashes.SHA256(), backend)
+    )
+    return cert, pkey
+
+
+def make_ssl_devcert(
+    base_path: str, host: t.Optional[str] = None, cn: t.Optional[str] = None
+) -> t.Tuple[str, str]:
+    """Creates an SSL key for development.  This should be used instead of
+    the ``'adhoc'`` key which generates a new cert on each server start.
+    It accepts a path for where it should store the key and cert and
+    either a host or CN.  If a host is given it will use the CN
+    ``*.host/CN=host``.
+
+    For more information see :func:`run_simple`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+
+    :param base_path: the path to the certificate and key.  The extension
+                      ``.crt`` is added for the certificate, ``.key`` is
+                      added for the key.
+    :param host: the name of the host.  This can be used as an alternative
+                 for the `cn`.
+    :param cn: the `CN` to use.
+    """
+
+    if host is not None:
+        cn = f"*.{host}/CN={host}"
+    cert, pkey = generate_adhoc_ssl_pair(cn=cn)
+
+    from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
+
+    cert_file = f"{base_path}.crt"
+    pkey_file = f"{base_path}.key"
+
+    with open(cert_file, "wb") as f:
+        f.write(cert.public_bytes(serialization.Encoding.PEM))
+    with open(pkey_file, "wb") as f:
+        f.write(
+            pkey.private_bytes(
+                encoding=serialization.Encoding.PEM,
+                format=serialization.PrivateFormat.TraditionalOpenSSL,
+                encryption_algorithm=serialization.NoEncryption(),
+            )
+        )
+
+    return cert_file, pkey_file
+
+
+def generate_adhoc_ssl_context() -> "ssl.SSLContext":
+    """Generates an adhoc SSL context for the development server."""
+    import tempfile
+    import atexit
+
+    cert, pkey = generate_adhoc_ssl_pair()
+
+    from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
+
+    cert_handle, cert_file = tempfile.mkstemp()
+    pkey_handle, pkey_file = tempfile.mkstemp()
+    atexit.register(os.remove, pkey_file)
+    atexit.register(os.remove, cert_file)
+
+    os.write(cert_handle, cert.public_bytes(serialization.Encoding.PEM))
+    os.write(
+        pkey_handle,
+        pkey.private_bytes(
+            encoding=serialization.Encoding.PEM,
+            format=serialization.PrivateFormat.TraditionalOpenSSL,
+            encryption_algorithm=serialization.NoEncryption(),
+        ),
+    )
+
+    os.close(cert_handle)
+    os.close(pkey_handle)
+    ctx = load_ssl_context(cert_file, pkey_file)
+    return ctx
+
+
+def load_ssl_context(
+    cert_file: str, pkey_file: t.Optional[str] = None, protocol: t.Optional[int] = None
+) -> "ssl.SSLContext":
+    """Loads SSL context from cert/private key files and optional protocol.
+    Many parameters are directly taken from the API of
+    :py:class:`ssl.SSLContext`.
+
+    :param cert_file: Path of the certificate to use.
+    :param pkey_file: Path of the private key to use. If not given, the key
+                      will be obtained from the certificate file.
+    :param protocol: A ``PROTOCOL`` constant from the :mod:`ssl` module.
+        Defaults to :data:`ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER`.
+    """
+    if protocol is None:
+        protocol = ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER
+
+    ctx = ssl.SSLContext(protocol)
+    ctx.load_cert_chain(cert_file, pkey_file)
+    return ctx
+
+
+def is_ssl_error(error: t.Optional[Exception] = None) -> bool:
+    """Checks if the given error (or the current one) is an SSL error."""
+    if error is None:
+        error = t.cast(Exception, sys.exc_info()[1])
+    return isinstance(error, ssl.SSLError)
+
+
+def select_address_family(host: str, port: int) -> socket.AddressFamily:
+    """Return ``AF_INET4``, ``AF_INET6``, or ``AF_UNIX`` depending on
+    the host and port."""
+    if host.startswith("unix://"):
+        return socket.AF_UNIX
+    elif ":" in host and hasattr(socket, "AF_INET6"):
+        return socket.AF_INET6
+    return socket.AF_INET
+
+
+def get_sockaddr(
+    host: str, port: int, family: socket.AddressFamily
+) -> t.Union[t.Tuple[str, int], str]:
+    """Return a fully qualified socket address that can be passed to
+    :func:`socket.bind`."""
+    if family == af_unix:
+        return host.split("://", 1)[1]
+    try:
+        res = socket.getaddrinfo(
+            host, port, family, socket.SOCK_STREAM, socket.IPPROTO_TCP
+        )
+    except socket.gaierror:
+        return host, port
+    return res[0][4]  # type: ignore
+
+
+def get_interface_ip(family: socket.AddressFamily) -> str:
+    """Get the IP address of an external interface. Used when binding to
+    0.0.0.0 or ::1 to show a more useful URL.
+
+    :meta private:
+    """
+    # arbitrary private address
+    host = "fd31:f903:5ab5:1::1" if family == socket.AF_INET6 else "10.253.155.219"
+
+    with socket.socket(family, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) as s:
+        try:
+            s.connect((host, 58162))
+        except OSError:
+            return "::1" if family == socket.AF_INET6 else "127.0.0.1"
+
+        return s.getsockname()[0]  # type: ignore
+
+
+class BaseWSGIServer(HTTPServer):
+
+    """Simple single-threaded, single-process WSGI server."""
+
+    multithread = False
+    multiprocess = False
+    request_queue_size = LISTEN_QUEUE
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host: str,
+        port: int,
+        app: "WSGIApplication",
+        handler: t.Optional[t.Type[WSGIRequestHandler]] = None,
+        passthrough_errors: bool = False,
+        ssl_context: t.Optional[_TSSLContextArg] = None,
+        fd: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if handler is None:
+            handler = WSGIRequestHandler
+
+        self.address_family = select_address_family(host, port)
+
+        if fd is not None:
+            real_sock = socket.fromfd(fd, self.address_family, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+            port = 0
+
+        server_address = get_sockaddr(host, int(port), self.address_family)
+
+        # remove socket file if it already exists
+        if self.address_family == af_unix:
+            server_address = t.cast(str, server_address)
+
+            if os.path.exists(server_address):
+                os.unlink(server_address)
+
+        super().__init__(server_address, handler)  # type: ignore
+
+        self.app = app
+        self.passthrough_errors = passthrough_errors
+        self.shutdown_signal = False
+        self.host = host
+        self.port = self.socket.getsockname()[1]
+
+        # Patch in the original socket.
+        if fd is not None:
+            self.socket.close()
+            self.socket = real_sock
+            self.server_address = self.socket.getsockname()
+
+        if ssl_context is not None:
+            if isinstance(ssl_context, tuple):
+                ssl_context = load_ssl_context(*ssl_context)
+            if ssl_context == "adhoc":
+                ssl_context = generate_adhoc_ssl_context()
+
+            self.socket = ssl_context.wrap_socket(self.socket, server_side=True)
+            self.ssl_context: t.Optional["ssl.SSLContext"] = ssl_context
+        else:
+            self.ssl_context = None
+
+    def log(self, type: str, message: str, *args: t.Any) -> None:
+        _log(type, message, *args)
+
+    def serve_forever(self, poll_interval: float = 0.5) -> None:
+        self.shutdown_signal = False
+        try:
+            super().serve_forever(poll_interval=poll_interval)
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            pass
+        finally:
+            self.server_close()
+
+    def handle_error(self, request: t.Any, client_address: t.Tuple[str, int]) -> None:
+        if self.passthrough_errors:
+            raise
+
+        return super().handle_error(request, client_address)
+
+
+class ThreadedWSGIServer(socketserver.ThreadingMixIn, BaseWSGIServer):
+
+    """A WSGI server that does threading."""
+
+    multithread = True
+    daemon_threads = True
+
+
+class ForkingWSGIServer(ForkingMixIn, BaseWSGIServer):
+
+    """A WSGI server that does forking."""
+
+    multiprocess = True
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        host: str,
+        port: int,
+        app: "WSGIApplication",
+        processes: int = 40,
+        handler: t.Optional[t.Type[WSGIRequestHandler]] = None,
+        passthrough_errors: bool = False,
+        ssl_context: t.Optional[_TSSLContextArg] = None,
+        fd: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not can_fork:
+            raise ValueError("Your platform does not support forking.")
+        BaseWSGIServer.__init__(
+            self, host, port, app, handler, passthrough_errors, ssl_context, fd
+        )
+        self.max_children = processes
+
+
+def make_server(
+    host: str,
+    port: int,
+    app: "WSGIApplication",
+    threaded: bool = False,
+    processes: int = 1,
+    request_handler: t.Optional[t.Type[WSGIRequestHandler]] = None,
+    passthrough_errors: bool = False,
+    ssl_context: t.Optional[_TSSLContextArg] = None,
+    fd: t.Optional[int] = None,
+) -> BaseWSGIServer:
+    """Create a new server instance that is either threaded, or forks
+    or just processes one request after another.
+    """
+    if threaded and processes > 1:
+        raise ValueError("cannot have a multithreaded and multi process server.")
+    elif threaded:
+        return ThreadedWSGIServer(
+            host, port, app, request_handler, passthrough_errors, ssl_context, fd=fd
+        )
+    elif processes > 1:
+        return ForkingWSGIServer(
+            host,
+            port,
+            app,
+            processes,
+            request_handler,
+            passthrough_errors,
+            ssl_context,
+            fd=fd,
+        )
+    else:
+        return BaseWSGIServer(
+            host, port, app, request_handler, passthrough_errors, ssl_context, fd=fd
+        )
+
+
+def is_running_from_reloader() -> bool:
+    """Checks if the application is running from within the Werkzeug
+    reloader subprocess.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.10
+    """
+    return os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") == "true"
+
+
+def run_simple(
+    hostname: str,
+    port: int,
+    application: "WSGIApplication",
+    use_reloader: bool = False,
+    use_debugger: bool = False,
+    use_evalex: bool = True,
+    extra_files: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+    exclude_patterns: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+    reloader_interval: int = 1,
+    reloader_type: str = "auto",
+    threaded: bool = False,
+    processes: int = 1,
+    request_handler: t.Optional[t.Type[WSGIRequestHandler]] = None,
+    static_files: t.Optional[t.Dict[str, t.Union[str, t.Tuple[str, str]]]] = None,
+    passthrough_errors: bool = False,
+    ssl_context: t.Optional[_TSSLContextArg] = None,
+) -> None:
+    """Start a WSGI application. Optional features include a reloader,
+    multithreading and fork support.
+
+    This function has a command-line interface too::
+
+        python -m werkzeug.serving --help
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Added ``exclude_patterns`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+       `static_files` was added to simplify serving of static files as well
+       as `passthrough_errors`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6
+       support for SSL was added.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.8
+       Added support for automatically loading a SSL context from certificate
+       file and private key.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+       Added command-line interface.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.10
+       Improved the reloader and added support for changing the backend
+       through the `reloader_type` parameter.  See :ref:`reloader`
+       for more information.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        Bind to a Unix socket by passing a path that starts with
+        ``unix://`` as the ``hostname``.
+
+    :param hostname: The host to bind to, for example ``'localhost'``.
+        If the value is a path that starts with ``unix://`` it will bind
+        to a Unix socket instead of a TCP socket..
+    :param port: The port for the server.  eg: ``8080``
+    :param application: the WSGI application to execute
+    :param use_reloader: should the server automatically restart the python
+                         process if modules were changed?
+    :param use_debugger: should the werkzeug debugging system be used?
+    :param use_evalex: should the exception evaluation feature be enabled?
+    :param extra_files: a list of files the reloader should watch
+                        additionally to the modules.  For example configuration
+                        files.
+    :param exclude_patterns: List of :mod:`fnmatch` patterns to ignore
+        when running the reloader. For example, ignore cache files that
+        shouldn't reload when updated.
+    :param reloader_interval: the interval for the reloader in seconds.
+    :param reloader_type: the type of reloader to use.  The default is
+                          auto detection.  Valid values are ``'stat'`` and
+                          ``'watchdog'``. See :ref:`reloader` for more
+                          information.
+    :param threaded: should the process handle each request in a separate
+                     thread?
+    :param processes: if greater than 1 then handle each request in a new process
+                      up to this maximum number of concurrent processes.
+    :param request_handler: optional parameter that can be used to replace
+                            the default one.  You can use this to replace it
+                            with a different
+                            :class:`~BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler`
+                            subclass.
+    :param static_files: a list or dict of paths for static files.  This works
+                         exactly like :class:`SharedDataMiddleware`, it's actually
+                         just wrapping the application in that middleware before
+                         serving.
+    :param passthrough_errors: set this to `True` to disable the error catching.
+                               This means that the server will die on errors but
+                               it can be useful to hook debuggers in (pdb etc.)
+    :param ssl_context: an SSL context for the connection. Either an
+                        :class:`ssl.SSLContext`, a tuple in the form
+                        ``(cert_file, pkey_file)``, the string ``'adhoc'`` if
+                        the server should automatically create one, or ``None``
+                        to disable SSL (which is the default).
+    """
+    if not isinstance(port, int):
+        raise TypeError("port must be an integer")
+    if use_debugger:
+        from .debug import DebuggedApplication
+
+        application = DebuggedApplication(application, use_evalex)
+    if static_files:
+        from .middleware.shared_data import SharedDataMiddleware
+
+        application = SharedDataMiddleware(application, static_files)
+
+    def log_startup(sock: socket.socket) -> None:
+        all_addresses_message = (
+            " * Running on all addresses.\n"
+            "   WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in"
+            " a production deployment."
+        )
+
+        if sock.family == af_unix:
+            _log("info", " * Running on %s (Press CTRL+C to quit)", hostname)
+        else:
+            if hostname == "0.0.0.0":
+                _log("warning", all_addresses_message)
+                display_hostname = get_interface_ip(socket.AF_INET)
+            elif hostname == "::":
+                _log("warning", all_addresses_message)
+                display_hostname = get_interface_ip(socket.AF_INET6)
+            else:
+                display_hostname = hostname
+
+            if ":" in display_hostname:
+                display_hostname = f"[{display_hostname}]"
+
+            _log(
+                "info",
+                " * Running on %s://%s:%d/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)",
+                "http" if ssl_context is None else "https",
+                display_hostname,
+                sock.getsockname()[1],
+            )
+
+    def inner() -> None:
+        try:
+            fd: t.Optional[int] = int(os.environ["WERKZEUG_SERVER_FD"])
+        except (LookupError, ValueError):
+            fd = None
+        srv = make_server(
+            hostname,
+            port,
+            application,
+            threaded,
+            processes,
+            request_handler,
+            passthrough_errors,
+            ssl_context,
+            fd=fd,
+        )
+        if fd is None:
+            log_startup(srv.socket)
+        srv.serve_forever()
+
+    if use_reloader:
+        # If we're not running already in the subprocess that is the
+        # reloader we want to open up a socket early to make sure the
+        # port is actually available.
+        if not is_running_from_reloader():
+            if port == 0 and not can_open_by_fd:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Cannot bind to a random port with enabled "
+                    "reloader if the Python interpreter does "
+                    "not support socket opening by fd."
+                )
+
+            # Create and destroy a socket so that any exceptions are
+            # raised before we spawn a separate Python interpreter and
+            # lose this ability.
+            address_family = select_address_family(hostname, port)
+            server_address = get_sockaddr(hostname, port, address_family)
+            s = socket.socket(address_family, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+            s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
+            s.bind(server_address)
+            s.set_inheritable(True)
+
+            # If we can open the socket by file descriptor, then we can just
+            # reuse this one and our socket will survive the restarts.
+            if can_open_by_fd:
+                os.environ["WERKZEUG_SERVER_FD"] = str(s.fileno())
+                s.listen(LISTEN_QUEUE)
+                log_startup(s)
+            else:
+                s.close()
+                if address_family == af_unix:
+                    server_address = t.cast(str, server_address)
+                    _log("info", "Unlinking %s", server_address)
+                    os.unlink(server_address)
+
+        from ._reloader import run_with_reloader as _rwr
+
+        _rwr(
+            inner,
+            extra_files=extra_files,
+            exclude_patterns=exclude_patterns,
+            interval=reloader_interval,
+            reloader_type=reloader_type,
+        )
+    else:
+        inner()
+
+
+def run_with_reloader(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+    """Run a process with the reloader. This is not a public API, do
+    not use this function.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.
+    """
+    from ._reloader import run_with_reloader as _rwr
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        (
+            "'run_with_reloader' is a private API, it will no longer be"
+            " accessible in Werkzeug 2.1. Use 'run_simple' instead."
+        ),
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    _rwr(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+    """A simple command-line interface for :py:func:`run_simple`."""
+    import argparse
+    from .utils import import_string
+
+    _log("warning", "This CLI is deprecated and will be removed in version 2.1.")
+
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Run the given WSGI application with the development server.",
+        allow_abbrev=False,
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-b",
+        "--bind",
+        dest="address",
+        help="The hostname:port the app should listen on.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-d",
+        "--debug",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Show the interactive debugger for unhandled exceptions.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "-r",
+        "--reload",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Reload the process if modules change.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "application", help="Application to import and serve, in the form module:app."
+    )
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    hostname, port = None, None
+
+    if args.address:
+        hostname, _, port = args.address.partition(":")
+
+    run_simple(
+        hostname=hostname or "127.0.0.1",
+        port=int(port or 5000),
+        application=import_string(args.application),
+        use_reloader=args.reload,
+        use_debugger=args.debug,
+    )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/test.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09cb7e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1326 @@
+import mimetypes
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from collections import defaultdict
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timedelta
+from http.cookiejar import CookieJar
+from io import BytesIO
+from itertools import chain
+from random import random
+from tempfile import TemporaryFile
+from time import time
+from urllib.request import Request as _UrllibRequest
+
+from ._internal import _get_environ
+from ._internal import _make_encode_wrapper
+from ._internal import _wsgi_decoding_dance
+from ._internal import _wsgi_encoding_dance
+from .datastructures import Authorization
+from .datastructures import CallbackDict
+from .datastructures import CombinedMultiDict
+from .datastructures import EnvironHeaders
+from .datastructures import FileMultiDict
+from .datastructures import Headers
+from .datastructures import MultiDict
+from .http import dump_cookie
+from .http import dump_options_header
+from .http import parse_options_header
+from .sansio.multipart import Data
+from .sansio.multipart import Epilogue
+from .sansio.multipart import Field
+from .sansio.multipart import File
+from .sansio.multipart import MultipartEncoder
+from .sansio.multipart import Preamble
+from .urls import iri_to_uri
+from .urls import url_encode
+from .urls import url_fix
+from .urls import url_parse
+from .urls import url_unparse
+from .urls import url_unquote
+from .utils import get_content_type
+from .wrappers.request import Request
+from .wrappers.response import Response
+from .wsgi import ClosingIterator
+from .wsgi import get_current_url
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+def stream_encode_multipart(
+    data: t.Mapping[str, t.Any],
+    use_tempfile: bool = True,
+    threshold: int = 1024 * 500,
+    boundary: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+) -> t.Tuple[t.IO[bytes], int, str]:
+    """Encode a dict of values (either strings or file descriptors or
+    :class:`FileStorage` objects.) into a multipart encoded string stored
+    in a file descriptor.
+    """
+    if boundary is None:
+        boundary = f"---------------WerkzeugFormPart_{time()}{random()}"
+
+    stream: t.IO[bytes] = BytesIO()
+    total_length = 0
+    on_disk = False
+
+    if use_tempfile:
+
+        def write_binary(s: bytes) -> int:
+            nonlocal stream, total_length, on_disk
+
+            if on_disk:
+                return stream.write(s)
+            else:
+                length = len(s)
+
+                if length + total_length <= threshold:
+                    stream.write(s)
+                else:
+                    new_stream = t.cast(t.IO[bytes], TemporaryFile("wb+"))
+                    new_stream.write(stream.getvalue())  # type: ignore
+                    new_stream.write(s)
+                    stream = new_stream
+                    on_disk = True
+
+                total_length += length
+                return length
+
+    else:
+        write_binary = stream.write
+
+    encoder = MultipartEncoder(boundary.encode())
+    write_binary(encoder.send_event(Preamble(data=b"")))
+    for key, value in _iter_data(data):
+        reader = getattr(value, "read", None)
+        if reader is not None:
+            filename = getattr(value, "filename", getattr(value, "name", None))
+            content_type = getattr(value, "content_type", None)
+            if content_type is None:
+                content_type = (
+                    filename
+                    and mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0]
+                    or "application/octet-stream"
+                )
+            headers = Headers([("Content-Type", content_type)])
+            if filename is None:
+                write_binary(encoder.send_event(Field(name=key, headers=headers)))
+            else:
+                write_binary(
+                    encoder.send_event(
+                        File(name=key, filename=filename, headers=headers)
+                    )
+                )
+            while True:
+                chunk = reader(16384)
+
+                if not chunk:
+                    break
+
+                write_binary(encoder.send_event(Data(data=chunk, more_data=True)))
+        else:
+            if not isinstance(value, str):
+                value = str(value)
+            write_binary(encoder.send_event(Field(name=key, headers=Headers())))
+            write_binary(
+                encoder.send_event(Data(data=value.encode(charset), more_data=False))
+            )
+
+    write_binary(encoder.send_event(Epilogue(data=b"")))
+
+    length = stream.tell()
+    stream.seek(0)
+    return stream, length, boundary
+
+
+def encode_multipart(
+    values: t.Mapping[str, t.Any],
+    boundary: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+) -> t.Tuple[str, bytes]:
+    """Like `stream_encode_multipart` but returns a tuple in the form
+    (``boundary``, ``data``) where data is bytes.
+    """
+    stream, length, boundary = stream_encode_multipart(
+        values, use_tempfile=False, boundary=boundary, charset=charset
+    )
+    return boundary, stream.read()
+
+
+class _TestCookieHeaders:
+    """A headers adapter for cookielib"""
+
+    def __init__(self, headers: t.Union[Headers, t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]]) -> None:
+        self.headers = headers
+
+    def getheaders(self, name: str) -> t.Iterable[str]:
+        headers = []
+        name = name.lower()
+        for k, v in self.headers:
+            if k.lower() == name:
+                headers.append(v)
+        return headers
+
+    def get_all(
+        self, name: str, default: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None
+    ) -> t.Iterable[str]:
+        headers = self.getheaders(name)
+
+        if not headers:
+            return default  # type: ignore
+
+        return headers
+
+
+class _TestCookieResponse:
+    """Something that looks like a httplib.HTTPResponse, but is actually just an
+    adapter for our test responses to make them available for cookielib.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, headers: t.Union[Headers, t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]]) -> None:
+        self.headers = _TestCookieHeaders(headers)
+
+    def info(self) -> _TestCookieHeaders:
+        return self.headers
+
+
+class _TestCookieJar(CookieJar):
+    """A cookielib.CookieJar modified to inject and read cookie headers from
+    and to wsgi environments, and wsgi application responses.
+    """
+
+    def inject_wsgi(self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment") -> None:
+        """Inject the cookies as client headers into the server's wsgi
+        environment.
+        """
+        cvals = [f"{c.name}={c.value}" for c in self]
+
+        if cvals:
+            environ["HTTP_COOKIE"] = "; ".join(cvals)
+        else:
+            environ.pop("HTTP_COOKIE", None)
+
+    def extract_wsgi(
+        self,
+        environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+        headers: t.Union[Headers, t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Extract the server's set-cookie headers as cookies into the
+        cookie jar.
+        """
+        self.extract_cookies(
+            _TestCookieResponse(headers),  # type: ignore
+            _UrllibRequest(get_current_url(environ)),
+        )
+
+
+def _iter_data(data: t.Mapping[str, t.Any]) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[str, t.Any]]:
+    """Iterate over a mapping that might have a list of values, yielding
+    all key, value pairs. Almost like iter_multi_items but only allows
+    lists, not tuples, of values so tuples can be used for files.
+    """
+    if isinstance(data, MultiDict):
+        yield from data.items(multi=True)
+    else:
+        for key, value in data.items():
+            if isinstance(value, list):
+                for v in value:
+                    yield key, v
+            else:
+                yield key, value
+
+
+_TAnyMultiDict = t.TypeVar("_TAnyMultiDict", bound=MultiDict)
+
+
+class EnvironBuilder:
+    """This class can be used to conveniently create a WSGI environment
+    for testing purposes.  It can be used to quickly create WSGI environments
+    or request objects from arbitrary data.
+
+    The signature of this class is also used in some other places as of
+    Werkzeug 0.5 (:func:`create_environ`, :meth:`Response.from_values`,
+    :meth:`Client.open`).  Because of this most of the functionality is
+    available through the constructor alone.
+
+    Files and regular form data can be manipulated independently of each
+    other with the :attr:`form` and :attr:`files` attributes, but are
+    passed with the same argument to the constructor: `data`.
+
+    `data` can be any of these values:
+
+    -   a `str` or `bytes` object: The object is converted into an
+        :attr:`input_stream`, the :attr:`content_length` is set and you have to
+        provide a :attr:`content_type`.
+    -   a `dict` or :class:`MultiDict`: The keys have to be strings. The values
+        have to be either any of the following objects, or a list of any of the
+        following objects:
+
+        -   a :class:`file`-like object:  These are converted into
+            :class:`FileStorage` objects automatically.
+        -   a `tuple`:  The :meth:`~FileMultiDict.add_file` method is called
+            with the key and the unpacked `tuple` items as positional
+            arguments.
+        -   a `str`:  The string is set as form data for the associated key.
+    -   a file-like object: The object content is loaded in memory and then
+        handled like a regular `str` or a `bytes`.
+
+    :param path: the path of the request.  In the WSGI environment this will
+                 end up as `PATH_INFO`.  If the `query_string` is not defined
+                 and there is a question mark in the `path` everything after
+                 it is used as query string.
+    :param base_url: the base URL is a URL that is used to extract the WSGI
+                     URL scheme, host (server name + server port) and the
+                     script root (`SCRIPT_NAME`).
+    :param query_string: an optional string or dict with URL parameters.
+    :param method: the HTTP method to use, defaults to `GET`.
+    :param input_stream: an optional input stream.  Do not specify this and
+                         `data`.  As soon as an input stream is set you can't
+                         modify :attr:`args` and :attr:`files` unless you
+                         set the :attr:`input_stream` to `None` again.
+    :param content_type: The content type for the request.  As of 0.5 you
+                         don't have to provide this when specifying files
+                         and form data via `data`.
+    :param content_length: The content length for the request.  You don't
+                           have to specify this when providing data via
+                           `data`.
+    :param errors_stream: an optional error stream that is used for
+                          `wsgi.errors`.  Defaults to :data:`stderr`.
+    :param multithread: controls `wsgi.multithread`.  Defaults to `False`.
+    :param multiprocess: controls `wsgi.multiprocess`.  Defaults to `False`.
+    :param run_once: controls `wsgi.run_once`.  Defaults to `False`.
+    :param headers: an optional list or :class:`Headers` object of headers.
+    :param data: a string or dict of form data or a file-object.
+                 See explanation above.
+    :param json: An object to be serialized and assigned to ``data``.
+        Defaults the content type to ``"application/json"``.
+        Serialized with the function assigned to :attr:`json_dumps`.
+    :param environ_base: an optional dict of environment defaults.
+    :param environ_overrides: an optional dict of environment overrides.
+    :param charset: the charset used to encode string data.
+    :param auth: An authorization object to use for the
+        ``Authorization`` header value. A ``(username, password)`` tuple
+        is a shortcut for ``Basic`` authorization.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``REQUEST_URI`` and ``RAW_URI`` is the full raw URI including
+        the query string, not only the path.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        The default :attr:`request_class` is ``Request`` instead of
+        ``BaseRequest``.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+       Added the ``auth`` parameter.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.15
+        The ``json`` param and :meth:`json_dumps` method.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.15
+        The environ has keys ``REQUEST_URI`` and ``RAW_URI`` containing
+        the path before perecent-decoding. This is not part of the WSGI
+        PEP, but many WSGI servers include it.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.6
+       ``path`` and ``base_url`` can now be unicode strings that are
+       encoded with :func:`iri_to_uri`.
+    """
+
+    #: the server protocol to use.  defaults to HTTP/1.1
+    server_protocol = "HTTP/1.1"
+
+    #: the wsgi version to use.  defaults to (1, 0)
+    wsgi_version = (1, 0)
+
+    #: The default request class used by :meth:`get_request`.
+    request_class = Request
+
+    import json
+
+    #: The serialization function used when ``json`` is passed.
+    json_dumps = staticmethod(json.dumps)
+    del json
+
+    _args: t.Optional[MultiDict]
+    _query_string: t.Optional[str]
+    _input_stream: t.Optional[t.IO[bytes]]
+    _form: t.Optional[MultiDict]
+    _files: t.Optional[FileMultiDict]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        path: str = "/",
+        base_url: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        query_string: t.Optional[t.Union[t.Mapping[str, str], str]] = None,
+        method: str = "GET",
+        input_stream: t.Optional[t.IO[bytes]] = None,
+        content_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        content_length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        errors_stream: t.Optional[t.IO[str]] = None,
+        multithread: bool = False,
+        multiprocess: bool = False,
+        run_once: bool = False,
+        headers: t.Optional[t.Union[Headers, t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]]]] = None,
+        data: t.Optional[
+            t.Union[t.IO[bytes], str, bytes, t.Mapping[str, t.Any]]
+        ] = None,
+        environ_base: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        environ_overrides: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        charset: str = "utf-8",
+        mimetype: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        json: t.Optional[t.Mapping[str, t.Any]] = None,
+        auth: t.Optional[t.Union[Authorization, t.Tuple[str, str]]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        path_s = _make_encode_wrapper(path)
+        if query_string is not None and path_s("?") in path:
+            raise ValueError("Query string is defined in the path and as an argument")
+        request_uri = url_parse(path)
+        if query_string is None and path_s("?") in path:
+            query_string = request_uri.query
+        self.charset = charset
+        self.path = iri_to_uri(request_uri.path)
+        self.request_uri = path
+        if base_url is not None:
+            base_url = url_fix(iri_to_uri(base_url, charset), charset)
+        self.base_url = base_url  # type: ignore
+        if isinstance(query_string, (bytes, str)):
+            self.query_string = query_string
+        else:
+            if query_string is None:
+                query_string = MultiDict()
+            elif not isinstance(query_string, MultiDict):
+                query_string = MultiDict(query_string)
+            self.args = query_string
+        self.method = method
+        if headers is None:
+            headers = Headers()
+        elif not isinstance(headers, Headers):
+            headers = Headers(headers)
+        self.headers = headers
+        if content_type is not None:
+            self.content_type = content_type
+        if errors_stream is None:
+            errors_stream = sys.stderr
+        self.errors_stream = errors_stream
+        self.multithread = multithread
+        self.multiprocess = multiprocess
+        self.run_once = run_once
+        self.environ_base = environ_base
+        self.environ_overrides = environ_overrides
+        self.input_stream = input_stream
+        self.content_length = content_length
+        self.closed = False
+
+        if auth is not None:
+            if isinstance(auth, tuple):
+                auth = Authorization(
+                    "basic", {"username": auth[0], "password": auth[1]}
+                )
+
+            self.headers.set("Authorization", auth.to_header())
+
+        if json is not None:
+            if data is not None:
+                raise TypeError("can't provide both json and data")
+
+            data = self.json_dumps(json)
+
+            if self.content_type is None:
+                self.content_type = "application/json"
+
+        if data:
+            if input_stream is not None:
+                raise TypeError("can't provide input stream and data")
+            if hasattr(data, "read"):
+                data = data.read()  # type: ignore
+            if isinstance(data, str):
+                data = data.encode(self.charset)
+            if isinstance(data, bytes):
+                self.input_stream = BytesIO(data)
+                if self.content_length is None:
+                    self.content_length = len(data)
+            else:
+                for key, value in _iter_data(data):  # type: ignore
+                    if isinstance(value, (tuple, dict)) or hasattr(value, "read"):
+                        self._add_file_from_data(key, value)
+                    else:
+                        self.form.setlistdefault(key).append(value)
+
+        if mimetype is not None:
+            self.mimetype = mimetype
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_environ(
+        cls, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", **kwargs: t.Any
+    ) -> "EnvironBuilder":
+        """Turn an environ dict back into a builder. Any extra kwargs
+        override the args extracted from the environ.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            Path and query values are passed through the WSGI decoding
+            dance to avoid double encoding.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.15
+        """
+        headers = Headers(EnvironHeaders(environ))
+        out = {
+            "path": _wsgi_decoding_dance(environ["PATH_INFO"]),
+            "base_url": cls._make_base_url(
+                environ["wsgi.url_scheme"],
+                headers.pop("Host"),
+                _wsgi_decoding_dance(environ["SCRIPT_NAME"]),
+            ),
+            "query_string": _wsgi_decoding_dance(environ["QUERY_STRING"]),
+            "method": environ["REQUEST_METHOD"],
+            "input_stream": environ["wsgi.input"],
+            "content_type": headers.pop("Content-Type", None),
+            "content_length": headers.pop("Content-Length", None),
+            "errors_stream": environ["wsgi.errors"],
+            "multithread": environ["wsgi.multithread"],
+            "multiprocess": environ["wsgi.multiprocess"],
+            "run_once": environ["wsgi.run_once"],
+            "headers": headers,
+        }
+        out.update(kwargs)
+        return cls(**out)
+
+    def _add_file_from_data(
+        self,
+        key: str,
+        value: t.Union[
+            t.IO[bytes], t.Tuple[t.IO[bytes], str], t.Tuple[t.IO[bytes], str, str]
+        ],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Called in the EnvironBuilder to add files from the data dict."""
+        if isinstance(value, tuple):
+            self.files.add_file(key, *value)
+        else:
+            self.files.add_file(key, value)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _make_base_url(scheme: str, host: str, script_root: str) -> str:
+        return url_unparse((scheme, host, script_root, "", "")).rstrip("/") + "/"
+
+    @property
+    def base_url(self) -> str:
+        """The base URL is used to extract the URL scheme, host name,
+        port, and root path.
+        """
+        return self._make_base_url(self.url_scheme, self.host, self.script_root)
+
+    @base_url.setter
+    def base_url(self, value: t.Optional[str]) -> None:
+        if value is None:
+            scheme = "http"
+            netloc = "localhost"
+            script_root = ""
+        else:
+            scheme, netloc, script_root, qs, anchor = url_parse(value)
+            if qs or anchor:
+                raise ValueError("base url must not contain a query string or fragment")
+        self.script_root = script_root.rstrip("/")
+        self.host = netloc
+        self.url_scheme = scheme
+
+    @property
+    def content_type(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The content type for the request.  Reflected from and to
+        the :attr:`headers`.  Do not set if you set :attr:`files` or
+        :attr:`form` for auto detection.
+        """
+        ct = self.headers.get("Content-Type")
+        if ct is None and not self._input_stream:
+            if self._files:
+                return "multipart/form-data"
+            if self._form:
+                return "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
+            return None
+        return ct
+
+    @content_type.setter
+    def content_type(self, value: t.Optional[str]) -> None:
+        if value is None:
+            self.headers.pop("Content-Type", None)
+        else:
+            self.headers["Content-Type"] = value
+
+    @property
+    def mimetype(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The mimetype (content type without charset etc.)
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.14
+        """
+        ct = self.content_type
+        return ct.split(";")[0].strip() if ct else None
+
+    @mimetype.setter
+    def mimetype(self, value: str) -> None:
+        self.content_type = get_content_type(value, self.charset)
+
+    @property
+    def mimetype_params(self) -> t.Mapping[str, str]:
+        """The mimetype parameters as dict.  For example if the
+        content type is ``text/html; charset=utf-8`` the params would be
+        ``{'charset': 'utf-8'}``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.14
+        """
+
+        def on_update(d: CallbackDict) -> None:
+            self.headers["Content-Type"] = dump_options_header(self.mimetype, d)
+
+        d = parse_options_header(self.headers.get("content-type", ""))[1]
+        return CallbackDict(d, on_update)
+
+    @property
+    def content_length(self) -> t.Optional[int]:
+        """The content length as integer.  Reflected from and to the
+        :attr:`headers`.  Do not set if you set :attr:`files` or
+        :attr:`form` for auto detection.
+        """
+        return self.headers.get("Content-Length", type=int)
+
+    @content_length.setter
+    def content_length(self, value: t.Optional[int]) -> None:
+        if value is None:
+            self.headers.pop("Content-Length", None)
+        else:
+            self.headers["Content-Length"] = str(value)
+
+    def _get_form(self, name: str, storage: t.Type[_TAnyMultiDict]) -> _TAnyMultiDict:
+        """Common behavior for getting the :attr:`form` and
+        :attr:`files` properties.
+
+        :param name: Name of the internal cached attribute.
+        :param storage: Storage class used for the data.
+        """
+        if self.input_stream is not None:
+            raise AttributeError("an input stream is defined")
+
+        rv = getattr(self, name)
+
+        if rv is None:
+            rv = storage()
+            setattr(self, name, rv)
+
+        return rv  # type: ignore
+
+    def _set_form(self, name: str, value: MultiDict) -> None:
+        """Common behavior for setting the :attr:`form` and
+        :attr:`files` properties.
+
+        :param name: Name of the internal cached attribute.
+        :param value: Value to assign to the attribute.
+        """
+        self._input_stream = None
+        setattr(self, name, value)
+
+    @property
+    def form(self) -> MultiDict:
+        """A :class:`MultiDict` of form values."""
+        return self._get_form("_form", MultiDict)
+
+    @form.setter
+    def form(self, value: MultiDict) -> None:
+        self._set_form("_form", value)
+
+    @property
+    def files(self) -> FileMultiDict:
+        """A :class:`FileMultiDict` of uploaded files. Use
+        :meth:`~FileMultiDict.add_file` to add new files.
+        """
+        return self._get_form("_files", FileMultiDict)
+
+    @files.setter
+    def files(self, value: FileMultiDict) -> None:
+        self._set_form("_files", value)
+
+    @property
+    def input_stream(self) -> t.Optional[t.IO[bytes]]:
+        """An optional input stream. This is mutually exclusive with
+        setting :attr:`form` and :attr:`files`, setting it will clear
+        those. Do not provide this if the method is not ``POST`` or
+        another method that has a body.
+        """
+        return self._input_stream
+
+    @input_stream.setter
+    def input_stream(self, value: t.Optional[t.IO[bytes]]) -> None:
+        self._input_stream = value
+        self._form = None
+        self._files = None
+
+    @property
+    def query_string(self) -> str:
+        """The query string.  If you set this to a string
+        :attr:`args` will no longer be available.
+        """
+        if self._query_string is None:
+            if self._args is not None:
+                return url_encode(self._args, charset=self.charset)
+            return ""
+        return self._query_string
+
+    @query_string.setter
+    def query_string(self, value: t.Optional[str]) -> None:
+        self._query_string = value
+        self._args = None
+
+    @property
+    def args(self) -> MultiDict:
+        """The URL arguments as :class:`MultiDict`."""
+        if self._query_string is not None:
+            raise AttributeError("a query string is defined")
+        if self._args is None:
+            self._args = MultiDict()
+        return self._args
+
+    @args.setter
+    def args(self, value: t.Optional[MultiDict]) -> None:
+        self._query_string = None
+        self._args = value
+
+    @property
+    def server_name(self) -> str:
+        """The server name (read-only, use :attr:`host` to set)"""
+        return self.host.split(":", 1)[0]
+
+    @property
+    def server_port(self) -> int:
+        """The server port as integer (read-only, use :attr:`host` to set)"""
+        pieces = self.host.split(":", 1)
+        if len(pieces) == 2 and pieces[1].isdigit():
+            return int(pieces[1])
+        if self.url_scheme == "https":
+            return 443
+        return 80
+
+    def __del__(self) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.close()
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Closes all files.  If you put real :class:`file` objects into the
+        :attr:`files` dict you can call this method to automatically close
+        them all in one go.
+        """
+        if self.closed:
+            return
+        try:
+            files = self.files.values()
+        except AttributeError:
+            files = ()  # type: ignore
+        for f in files:
+            try:
+                f.close()
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        self.closed = True
+
+    def get_environ(self) -> "WSGIEnvironment":
+        """Return the built environ.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+            The content type and length headers are set based on
+            input stream detection. Previously this only set the WSGI
+            keys.
+        """
+        input_stream = self.input_stream
+        content_length = self.content_length
+
+        mimetype = self.mimetype
+        content_type = self.content_type
+
+        if input_stream is not None:
+            start_pos = input_stream.tell()
+            input_stream.seek(0, 2)
+            end_pos = input_stream.tell()
+            input_stream.seek(start_pos)
+            content_length = end_pos - start_pos
+        elif mimetype == "multipart/form-data":
+            input_stream, content_length, boundary = stream_encode_multipart(
+                CombinedMultiDict([self.form, self.files]), charset=self.charset
+            )
+            content_type = f'{mimetype}; boundary="{boundary}"'
+        elif mimetype == "application/x-www-form-urlencoded":
+            form_encoded = url_encode(self.form, charset=self.charset).encode("ascii")
+            content_length = len(form_encoded)
+            input_stream = BytesIO(form_encoded)
+        else:
+            input_stream = BytesIO()
+
+        result: "WSGIEnvironment" = {}
+        if self.environ_base:
+            result.update(self.environ_base)
+
+        def _path_encode(x: str) -> str:
+            return _wsgi_encoding_dance(url_unquote(x, self.charset), self.charset)
+
+        raw_uri = _wsgi_encoding_dance(self.request_uri, self.charset)
+        result.update(
+            {
+                "REQUEST_METHOD": self.method,
+                "SCRIPT_NAME": _path_encode(self.script_root),
+                "PATH_INFO": _path_encode(self.path),
+                "QUERY_STRING": _wsgi_encoding_dance(self.query_string, self.charset),
+                # Non-standard, added by mod_wsgi, uWSGI
+                "REQUEST_URI": raw_uri,
+                # Non-standard, added by gunicorn
+                "RAW_URI": raw_uri,
+                "SERVER_NAME": self.server_name,
+                "SERVER_PORT": str(self.server_port),
+                "HTTP_HOST": self.host,
+                "SERVER_PROTOCOL": self.server_protocol,
+                "wsgi.version": self.wsgi_version,
+                "wsgi.url_scheme": self.url_scheme,
+                "wsgi.input": input_stream,
+                "wsgi.errors": self.errors_stream,
+                "wsgi.multithread": self.multithread,
+                "wsgi.multiprocess": self.multiprocess,
+                "wsgi.run_once": self.run_once,
+            }
+        )
+
+        headers = self.headers.copy()
+
+        if content_type is not None:
+            result["CONTENT_TYPE"] = content_type
+            headers.set("Content-Type", content_type)
+
+        if content_length is not None:
+            result["CONTENT_LENGTH"] = str(content_length)
+            headers.set("Content-Length", content_length)
+
+        combined_headers = defaultdict(list)
+
+        for key, value in headers.to_wsgi_list():
+            combined_headers[f"HTTP_{key.upper().replace('-', '_')}"].append(value)
+
+        for key, values in combined_headers.items():
+            result[key] = ", ".join(values)
+
+        if self.environ_overrides:
+            result.update(self.environ_overrides)
+
+        return result
+
+    def get_request(self, cls: t.Optional[t.Type[Request]] = None) -> Request:
+        """Returns a request with the data.  If the request class is not
+        specified :attr:`request_class` is used.
+
+        :param cls: The request wrapper to use.
+        """
+        if cls is None:
+            cls = self.request_class
+
+        return cls(self.get_environ())
+
+
+class ClientRedirectError(Exception):
+    """If a redirect loop is detected when using follow_redirects=True with
+    the :cls:`Client`, then this exception is raised.
+    """
+
+
+class Client:
+    """This class allows you to send requests to a wrapped application.
+
+    The use_cookies parameter indicates whether cookies should be stored and
+    sent for subsequent requests. This is True by default, but passing False
+    will disable this behaviour.
+
+    If you want to request some subdomain of your application you may set
+    `allow_subdomain_redirects` to `True` as if not no external redirects
+    are allowed.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``response_wrapper`` is always a subclass of
+        :class:``TestResponse``.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+        Added the ``use_cookies`` parameter.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        application: "WSGIApplication",
+        response_wrapper: t.Optional[t.Type["Response"]] = None,
+        use_cookies: bool = True,
+        allow_subdomain_redirects: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.application = application
+
+        if response_wrapper in {None, Response}:
+            response_wrapper = TestResponse
+        elif not isinstance(response_wrapper, TestResponse):
+            response_wrapper = type(
+                "WrapperTestResponse",
+                (TestResponse, response_wrapper),  # type: ignore
+                {},
+            )
+
+        self.response_wrapper = t.cast(t.Type["TestResponse"], response_wrapper)
+
+        if use_cookies:
+            self.cookie_jar: t.Optional[_TestCookieJar] = _TestCookieJar()
+        else:
+            self.cookie_jar = None
+
+        self.allow_subdomain_redirects = allow_subdomain_redirects
+
+    def set_cookie(
+        self,
+        server_name: str,
+        key: str,
+        value: str = "",
+        max_age: t.Optional[t.Union[timedelta, int]] = None,
+        expires: t.Optional[t.Union[str, datetime, int, float]] = None,
+        path: str = "/",
+        domain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        secure: bool = False,
+        httponly: bool = False,
+        samesite: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        charset: str = "utf-8",
+    ) -> None:
+        """Sets a cookie in the client's cookie jar.  The server name
+        is required and has to match the one that is also passed to
+        the open call.
+        """
+        assert self.cookie_jar is not None, "cookies disabled"
+        header = dump_cookie(
+            key,
+            value,
+            max_age,
+            expires,
+            path,
+            domain,
+            secure,
+            httponly,
+            charset,
+            samesite=samesite,
+        )
+        environ = create_environ(path, base_url=f"http://{server_name}")
+        headers = [("Set-Cookie", header)]
+        self.cookie_jar.extract_wsgi(environ, headers)
+
+    def delete_cookie(
+        self,
+        server_name: str,
+        key: str,
+        path: str = "/",
+        domain: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        secure: bool = False,
+        httponly: bool = False,
+        samesite: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Deletes a cookie in the test client."""
+        self.set_cookie(
+            server_name,
+            key,
+            expires=0,
+            max_age=0,
+            path=path,
+            domain=domain,
+            secure=secure,
+            httponly=httponly,
+            samesite=samesite,
+        )
+
+    def run_wsgi_app(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", buffered: bool = False
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Iterable[bytes], str, Headers]:
+        """Runs the wrapped WSGI app with the given environment.
+
+        :meta private:
+        """
+        if self.cookie_jar is not None:
+            self.cookie_jar.inject_wsgi(environ)
+
+        rv = run_wsgi_app(self.application, environ, buffered=buffered)
+
+        if self.cookie_jar is not None:
+            self.cookie_jar.extract_wsgi(environ, rv[2])
+
+        return rv
+
+    def resolve_redirect(
+        self, response: "TestResponse", buffered: bool = False
+    ) -> "TestResponse":
+        """Perform a new request to the location given by the redirect
+        response to the previous request.
+
+        :meta private:
+        """
+        scheme, netloc, path, qs, anchor = url_parse(response.location)
+        builder = EnvironBuilder.from_environ(response.request.environ, query_string=qs)
+
+        to_name_parts = netloc.split(":", 1)[0].split(".")
+        from_name_parts = builder.server_name.split(".")
+
+        if to_name_parts != [""]:
+            # The new location has a host, use it for the base URL.
+            builder.url_scheme = scheme
+            builder.host = netloc
+        else:
+            # A local redirect with autocorrect_location_header=False
+            # doesn't have a host, so use the request's host.
+            to_name_parts = from_name_parts
+
+        # Explain why a redirect to a different server name won't be followed.
+        if to_name_parts != from_name_parts:
+            if to_name_parts[-len(from_name_parts) :] == from_name_parts:
+                if not self.allow_subdomain_redirects:
+                    raise RuntimeError("Following subdomain redirects is not enabled.")
+            else:
+                raise RuntimeError("Following external redirects is not supported.")
+
+        path_parts = path.split("/")
+        root_parts = builder.script_root.split("/")
+
+        if path_parts[: len(root_parts)] == root_parts:
+            # Strip the script root from the path.
+            builder.path = path[len(builder.script_root) :]
+        else:
+            # The new location is not under the script root, so use the
+            # whole path and clear the previous root.
+            builder.path = path
+            builder.script_root = ""
+
+        # Only 307 and 308 preserve all of the original request.
+        if response.status_code not in {307, 308}:
+            # HEAD is preserved, everything else becomes GET.
+            if builder.method != "HEAD":
+                builder.method = "GET"
+
+            # Clear the body and the headers that describe it.
+
+            if builder.input_stream is not None:
+                builder.input_stream.close()
+                builder.input_stream = None
+
+            builder.content_type = None
+            builder.content_length = None
+            builder.headers.pop("Transfer-Encoding", None)
+
+        return self.open(builder, buffered=buffered)
+
+    def open(
+        self,
+        *args: t.Any,
+        as_tuple: bool = False,
+        buffered: bool = False,
+        follow_redirects: bool = False,
+        **kwargs: t.Any,
+    ) -> "TestResponse":
+        """Generate an environ dict from the given arguments, make a
+        request to the application using it, and return the response.
+
+        :param args: Passed to :class:`EnvironBuilder` to create the
+            environ for the request. If a single arg is passed, it can
+            be an existing :class:`EnvironBuilder` or an environ dict.
+        :param buffered: Convert the iterator returned by the app into
+            a list. If the iterator has a ``close()`` method, it is
+            called automatically.
+        :param follow_redirects: Make additional requests to follow HTTP
+            redirects until a non-redirect status is returned.
+            :attr:`TestResponse.history` lists the intermediate
+            responses.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            ``as_tuple`` is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug
+            2.1. Use :attr:`TestResponse.request` and
+            ``request.environ`` instead.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            The request input stream is closed when calling
+            ``response.close()``. Input streams for redirects are
+            automatically closed.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+            If a dict is provided as file in the dict for the ``data``
+            parameter the content type has to be called ``content_type``
+            instead of ``mimetype``. This change was made for
+            consistency with :class:`werkzeug.FileWrapper`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+            Added the ``follow_redirects`` parameter.
+        """
+        request: t.Optional["Request"] = None
+
+        if not kwargs and len(args) == 1:
+            arg = args[0]
+
+            if isinstance(arg, EnvironBuilder):
+                request = arg.get_request()
+            elif isinstance(arg, dict):
+                request = EnvironBuilder.from_environ(arg).get_request()
+            elif isinstance(arg, Request):
+                request = arg
+
+        if request is None:
+            builder = EnvironBuilder(*args, **kwargs)
+
+            try:
+                request = builder.get_request()
+            finally:
+                builder.close()
+
+        response = self.run_wsgi_app(request.environ, buffered=buffered)
+        response = self.response_wrapper(*response, request=request)
+
+        redirects = set()
+        history: t.List["TestResponse"] = []
+
+        while follow_redirects and response.status_code in {
+            301,
+            302,
+            303,
+            305,
+            307,
+            308,
+        }:
+            # Exhaust intermediate response bodies to ensure middleware
+            # that returns an iterator runs any cleanup code.
+            if not buffered:
+                response.make_sequence()
+                response.close()
+
+            new_redirect_entry = (response.location, response.status_code)
+
+            if new_redirect_entry in redirects:
+                raise ClientRedirectError(
+                    f"Loop detected: A {response.status_code} redirect"
+                    f" to {response.location} was already made."
+                )
+
+            redirects.add(new_redirect_entry)
+            response.history = tuple(history)
+            history.append(response)
+            response = self.resolve_redirect(response, buffered=buffered)
+        else:
+            # This is the final request after redirects, or not
+            # following redirects.
+            response.history = tuple(history)
+            # Close the input stream when closing the response, in case
+            # the input is an open temporary file.
+            response.call_on_close(request.input_stream.close)
+
+        if as_tuple:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "'as_tuple' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+                " Werkzeug 2.1. Access 'response.request.environ'"
+                " instead.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            return request.environ, response  # type: ignore
+
+        return response
+
+    def get(self, *args: t.Any, **kw: t.Any) -> "TestResponse":
+        """Call :meth:`open` with ``method`` set to ``GET``."""
+        kw["method"] = "GET"
+        return self.open(*args, **kw)
+
+    def post(self, *args: t.Any, **kw: t.Any) -> "TestResponse":
+        """Call :meth:`open` with ``method`` set to ``POST``."""
+        kw["method"] = "POST"
+        return self.open(*args, **kw)
+
+    def put(self, *args: t.Any, **kw: t.Any) -> "TestResponse":
+        """Call :meth:`open` with ``method`` set to ``PUT``."""
+        kw["method"] = "PUT"
+        return self.open(*args, **kw)
+
+    def delete(self, *args: t.Any, **kw: t.Any) -> "TestResponse":
+        """Call :meth:`open` with ``method`` set to ``DELETE``."""
+        kw["method"] = "DELETE"
+        return self.open(*args, **kw)
+
+    def patch(self, *args: t.Any, **kw: t.Any) -> "TestResponse":
+        """Call :meth:`open` with ``method`` set to ``PATCH``."""
+        kw["method"] = "PATCH"
+        return self.open(*args, **kw)
+
+    def options(self, *args: t.Any, **kw: t.Any) -> "TestResponse":
+        """Call :meth:`open` with ``method`` set to ``OPTIONS``."""
+        kw["method"] = "OPTIONS"
+        return self.open(*args, **kw)
+
+    def head(self, *args: t.Any, **kw: t.Any) -> "TestResponse":
+        """Call :meth:`open` with ``method`` set to ``HEAD``."""
+        kw["method"] = "HEAD"
+        return self.open(*args, **kw)
+
+    def trace(self, *args: t.Any, **kw: t.Any) -> "TestResponse":
+        """Call :meth:`open` with ``method`` set to ``TRACE``."""
+        kw["method"] = "TRACE"
+        return self.open(*args, **kw)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self.application!r}>"
+
+
+def create_environ(*args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "WSGIEnvironment":
+    """Create a new WSGI environ dict based on the values passed.  The first
+    parameter should be the path of the request which defaults to '/'.  The
+    second one can either be an absolute path (in that case the host is
+    localhost:80) or a full path to the request with scheme, netloc port and
+    the path to the script.
+
+    This accepts the same arguments as the :class:`EnvironBuilder`
+    constructor.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+       This function is now a thin wrapper over :class:`EnvironBuilder` which
+       was added in 0.5.  The `headers`, `environ_base`, `environ_overrides`
+       and `charset` parameters were added.
+    """
+    builder = EnvironBuilder(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    try:
+        return builder.get_environ()
+    finally:
+        builder.close()
+
+
+def run_wsgi_app(
+    app: "WSGIApplication", environ: "WSGIEnvironment", buffered: bool = False
+) -> t.Tuple[t.Iterable[bytes], str, Headers]:
+    """Return a tuple in the form (app_iter, status, headers) of the
+    application output.  This works best if you pass it an application that
+    returns an iterator all the time.
+
+    Sometimes applications may use the `write()` callable returned
+    by the `start_response` function.  This tries to resolve such edge
+    cases automatically.  But if you don't get the expected output you
+    should set `buffered` to `True` which enforces buffering.
+
+    If passed an invalid WSGI application the behavior of this function is
+    undefined.  Never pass non-conforming WSGI applications to this function.
+
+    :param app: the application to execute.
+    :param buffered: set to `True` to enforce buffering.
+    :return: tuple in the form ``(app_iter, status, headers)``
+    """
+    # Copy environ to ensure any mutations by the app (ProxyFix, for
+    # example) don't affect subsequent requests (such as redirects).
+    environ = _get_environ(environ).copy()
+    status: str
+    response: t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]]] = None
+    buffer: t.List[bytes] = []
+
+    def start_response(status, headers, exc_info=None):  # type: ignore
+        nonlocal response
+
+        if exc_info:
+            try:
+                raise exc_info[1].with_traceback(exc_info[2])
+            finally:
+                exc_info = None
+
+        response = (status, headers)
+        return buffer.append
+
+    app_rv = app(environ, start_response)
+    close_func = getattr(app_rv, "close", None)
+    app_iter: t.Iterable[bytes] = iter(app_rv)
+
+    # when buffering we emit the close call early and convert the
+    # application iterator into a regular list
+    if buffered:
+        try:
+            app_iter = list(app_iter)
+        finally:
+            if close_func is not None:
+                close_func()
+
+    # otherwise we iterate the application iter until we have a response, chain
+    # the already received data with the already collected data and wrap it in
+    # a new `ClosingIterator` if we need to restore a `close` callable from the
+    # original return value.
+    else:
+        for item in app_iter:
+            buffer.append(item)
+
+            if response is not None:
+                break
+
+        if buffer:
+            app_iter = chain(buffer, app_iter)
+
+        if close_func is not None and app_iter is not app_rv:
+            app_iter = ClosingIterator(app_iter, close_func)
+
+    status, headers = response  # type: ignore
+    return app_iter, status, Headers(headers)
+
+
+class TestResponse(Response):
+    """:class:`~werkzeug.wrappers.Response` subclass that provides extra
+    information about requests made with the test :class:`Client`.
+
+    Test client requests will always return an instance of this class.
+    If a custom response class is passed to the client, it is
+    subclassed along with this to support test information.
+
+    If the test request included large files, or if the application is
+    serving a file, call :meth:`close` to close any open files and
+    prevent Python showing a ``ResourceWarning``.
+    """
+
+    request: Request
+    """A request object with the environ used to make the request that
+    resulted in this response.
+    """
+
+    history: t.Tuple["TestResponse", ...]
+    """A list of intermediate responses. Populated when the test request
+    is made with ``follow_redirects`` enabled.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        response: t.Iterable[bytes],
+        status: str,
+        headers: Headers,
+        request: Request,
+        history: t.Tuple["TestResponse"] = (),  # type: ignore
+        **kwargs: t.Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(response, status, headers, **kwargs)
+        self.request = request
+        self.history = history
+        self._compat_tuple = response, status, headers
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> t.Iterator:
+        warnings.warn(
+            (
+                "The test client no longer returns a tuple, it returns"
+                " a 'TestResponse'. Tuple unpacking is deprecated and"
+                " will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Access the"
+                " attributes 'data', 'status', and 'headers' instead."
+            ),
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return iter(self._compat_tuple)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, item: int) -> t.Any:
+        warnings.warn(
+            (
+                "The test client no longer returns a tuple, it returns"
+                " a 'TestResponse'. Item indexing is deprecated and"
+                " will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Access the"
+                " attributes 'data', 'status', and 'headers' instead."
+            ),
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return self._compat_tuple[item]
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/testapp.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/testapp.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..981f887
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/testapp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+"""A small application that can be used to test a WSGI server and check
+it for WSGI compliance.
+"""
+import base64
+import os
+import sys
+import typing as t
+from html import escape
+from textwrap import wrap
+
+from . import __version__ as _werkzeug_version
+from .wrappers.request import Request
+from .wrappers.response import Response
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+logo = Response(
+    base64.b64decode(
+        """
+R0lGODlhoACgAOMIAAEDACwpAEpCAGdgAJaKAM28AOnVAP3rAP/////////
+//////////////////////yH5BAEKAAgALAAAAACgAKAAAAT+EMlJq704680R+F0ojmRpnuj0rWnrv
+nB8rbRs33gu0bzu/0AObxgsGn3D5HHJbCUFyqZ0ukkSDlAidctNFg7gbI9LZlrBaHGtzAae0eloe25
+7w9EDOX2fst/xenyCIn5/gFqDiVVDV4aGeYiKkhSFjnCQY5OTlZaXgZp8nJ2ekaB0SQOjqphrpnOiq
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+kiIzwKucd0wsEHlLpe5yHXuc6FrNelOl7pY2+11kTWx7VpRu97dXA3DO1vbkhcb4zyvERYajQgAADs
+="""
+    ),
+    mimetype="image/png",
+)
+
+
+TEMPLATE = """\
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
+  "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
+<title>WSGI Information</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+  @import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Ubuntu);
+
+  body       { font-family: 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Geneva',
+               'Verdana', sans-serif; background-color: white; color: #000;
+               font-size: 15px; text-align: center; }
+  #logo      { float: right; padding: 0 0 10px 10px; }
+  div.box    { text-align: left; width: 45em; margin: auto; padding: 50px 0;
+               background-color: white; }
+  h1, h2     { font-family: 'Ubuntu', 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans Unicode',
+               'Geneva', 'Verdana', sans-serif; font-weight: normal; }
+  h1         { margin: 0 0 30px 0; }
+  h2         { font-size: 1.4em; margin: 1em 0 0.5em 0; }
+  table      { width: 100%%; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid #AFC5C9 }
+  table th   { background-color: #AFC1C4; color: white; font-size: 0.72em;
+               font-weight: normal; width: 18em; vertical-align: top;
+               padding: 0.5em 0 0.1em 0.5em; }
+  table td   { border: 1px solid #AFC5C9; padding: 0.1em 0 0.1em 0.5em; }
+  code       { font-family: 'Consolas', 'Monaco', 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono',
+               monospace; font-size: 0.7em; }
+  ul li      { line-height: 1.5em; }
+  ul.path    { font-size: 0.7em; margin: 0 -30px; padding: 8px 30px;
+               list-style: none; background: #E8EFF0; }
+  ul.path li { line-height: 1.6em; }
+  li.virtual { color: #999; text-decoration: underline; }
+  li.exp     { background: white; }
+</style>
+<div class="box">
+  <img src="?resource=logo" id="logo" alt="[The Werkzeug Logo]" />
+  <h1>WSGI Information</h1>
+  <p>
+    This page displays all available information about the WSGI server and
+    the underlying Python interpreter.
+  <h2 id="python-interpreter">Python Interpreter</h2>
+  <table>
+    <tr>
+      <th>Python Version
+      <td>%(python_version)s
+    <tr>
+      <th>Platform
+      <td>%(platform)s [%(os)s]
+    <tr>
+      <th>API Version
+      <td>%(api_version)s
+    <tr>
+      <th>Byteorder
+      <td>%(byteorder)s
+    <tr>
+      <th>Werkzeug Version
+      <td>%(werkzeug_version)s
+  </table>
+  <h2 id="wsgi-environment">WSGI Environment</h2>
+  <table>%(wsgi_env)s</table>
+  <h2 id="installed-eggs">Installed Eggs</h2>
+  <p>
+    The following python packages were installed on the system as
+    Python eggs:
+  <ul>%(python_eggs)s</ul>
+  <h2 id="sys-path">System Path</h2>
+  <p>
+    The following paths are the current contents of the load path.  The
+    following entries are looked up for Python packages.  Note that not
+    all items in this path are folders.  Gray and underlined items are
+    entries pointing to invalid resources or used by custom import hooks
+    such as the zip importer.
+  <p>
+    Items with a bright background were expanded for display from a relative
+    path.  If you encounter such paths in the output you might want to check
+    your setup as relative paths are usually problematic in multithreaded
+    environments.
+  <ul class="path">%(sys_path)s</ul>
+</div>
+"""
+
+
+def iter_sys_path() -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[str, bool, bool]]:
+    if os.name == "posix":
+
+        def strip(x: str) -> str:
+            prefix = os.path.expanduser("~")
+            if x.startswith(prefix):
+                x = f"~{x[len(prefix) :]}"
+            return x
+
+    else:
+
+        def strip(x: str) -> str:
+            return x
+
+    cwd = os.path.abspath(os.getcwd())
+    for item in sys.path:
+        path = os.path.join(cwd, item or os.path.curdir)
+        yield strip(os.path.normpath(path)), not os.path.isdir(path), path != item
+
+
+def render_testapp(req: Request) -> bytes:
+    try:
+        import pkg_resources
+    except ImportError:
+        eggs: t.Iterable[t.Any] = ()
+    else:
+        eggs = sorted(
+            pkg_resources.working_set,
+            key=lambda x: x.project_name.lower(),  # type: ignore
+        )
+    python_eggs = []
+    for egg in eggs:
+        try:
+            version = egg.version
+        except (ValueError, AttributeError):
+            version = "unknown"
+        python_eggs.append(
+            f"<li>{escape(egg.project_name)} <small>[{escape(version)}]</small>"
+        )
+
+    wsgi_env = []
+    sorted_environ = sorted(req.environ.items(), key=lambda x: repr(x[0]).lower())
+    for key, value in sorted_environ:
+        value = "".join(wrap(escape(repr(value))))
+        wsgi_env.append(f"<tr><th>{escape(str(key))}<td><code>{value}</code>")
+
+    sys_path = []
+    for item, virtual, expanded in iter_sys_path():
+        class_ = []
+        if virtual:
+            class_.append("virtual")
+        if expanded:
+            class_.append("exp")
+        class_ = f' class="{" ".join(class_)}"' if class_ else ""
+        sys_path.append(f"<li{class_}>{escape(item)}")
+
+    return (
+        TEMPLATE
+        % {
+            "python_version": "<br>".join(escape(sys.version).splitlines()),
+            "platform": escape(sys.platform),
+            "os": escape(os.name),
+            "api_version": sys.api_version,
+            "byteorder": sys.byteorder,
+            "werkzeug_version": _werkzeug_version,
+            "python_eggs": "\n".join(python_eggs),
+            "wsgi_env": "\n".join(wsgi_env),
+            "sys_path": "\n".join(sys_path),
+        }
+    ).encode("utf-8")
+
+
+def test_app(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+    """Simple test application that dumps the environment.  You can use
+    it to check if Werkzeug is working properly:
+
+    .. sourcecode:: pycon
+
+        >>> from werkzeug.serving import run_simple
+        >>> from werkzeug.testapp import test_app
+        >>> run_simple('localhost', 3000, test_app)
+         * Running on http://localhost:3000/
+
+    The application displays important information from the WSGI environment,
+    the Python interpreter and the installed libraries.
+    """
+    req = Request(environ, populate_request=False)
+    if req.args.get("resource") == "logo":
+        response = logo
+    else:
+        response = Response(render_testapp(req), mimetype="text/html")
+    return response(environ, start_response)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    from .serving import run_simple
+
+    run_simple("localhost", 5000, test_app, use_reloader=True)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/urls.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/urls.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9529da0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/urls.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1211 @@
+"""Functions for working with URLs.
+
+Contains implementations of functions from :mod:`urllib.parse` that
+handle bytes and strings.
+"""
+import codecs
+import os
+import re
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+from ._internal import _check_str_tuple
+from ._internal import _decode_idna
+from ._internal import _encode_idna
+from ._internal import _make_encode_wrapper
+from ._internal import _to_str
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from . import datastructures as ds
+
+# A regular expression for what a valid schema looks like
+_scheme_re = re.compile(r"^[a-zA-Z0-9+-.]+$")
+
+# Characters that are safe in any part of an URL.
+_always_safe = frozenset(
+    bytearray(
+        b"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+        b"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+        b"0123456789"
+        b"-._~"
+    )
+)
+
+_hexdigits = "0123456789ABCDEFabcdef"
+_hextobyte = {
+    f"{a}{b}".encode("ascii"): int(f"{a}{b}", 16)
+    for a in _hexdigits
+    for b in _hexdigits
+}
+_bytetohex = [f"%{char:02X}".encode("ascii") for char in range(256)]
+
+
+class _URLTuple(t.NamedTuple):
+    scheme: str
+    netloc: str
+    path: str
+    query: str
+    fragment: str
+
+
+class BaseURL(_URLTuple):
+    """Superclass of :py:class:`URL` and :py:class:`BytesURL`."""
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+    _at: str
+    _colon: str
+    _lbracket: str
+    _rbracket: str
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.to_url()
+
+    def replace(self, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "BaseURL":
+        """Return an URL with the same values, except for those parameters
+        given new values by whichever keyword arguments are specified."""
+        return self._replace(**kwargs)
+
+    @property
+    def host(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The host part of the URL if available, otherwise `None`.  The
+        host is either the hostname or the IP address mentioned in the
+        URL.  It will not contain the port.
+        """
+        return self._split_host()[0]
+
+    @property
+    def ascii_host(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """Works exactly like :attr:`host` but will return a result that
+        is restricted to ASCII.  If it finds a netloc that is not ASCII
+        it will attempt to idna decode it.  This is useful for socket
+        operations when the URL might include internationalized characters.
+        """
+        rv = self.host
+        if rv is not None and isinstance(rv, str):
+            try:
+                rv = _encode_idna(rv)  # type: ignore
+            except UnicodeError:
+                rv = rv.encode("ascii", "ignore")  # type: ignore
+        return _to_str(rv, "ascii", "ignore")
+
+    @property
+    def port(self) -> t.Optional[int]:
+        """The port in the URL as an integer if it was present, `None`
+        otherwise.  This does not fill in default ports.
+        """
+        try:
+            rv = int(_to_str(self._split_host()[1]))
+            if 0 <= rv <= 65535:
+                return rv
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            pass
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def auth(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The authentication part in the URL if available, `None`
+        otherwise.
+        """
+        return self._split_netloc()[0]
+
+    @property
+    def username(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The username if it was part of the URL, `None` otherwise.
+        This undergoes URL decoding and will always be a string.
+        """
+        rv = self._split_auth()[0]
+        if rv is not None:
+            return _url_unquote_legacy(rv)
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def raw_username(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The username if it was part of the URL, `None` otherwise.
+        Unlike :attr:`username` this one is not being decoded.
+        """
+        return self._split_auth()[0]
+
+    @property
+    def password(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The password if it was part of the URL, `None` otherwise.
+        This undergoes URL decoding and will always be a string.
+        """
+        rv = self._split_auth()[1]
+        if rv is not None:
+            return _url_unquote_legacy(rv)
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def raw_password(self) -> t.Optional[str]:
+        """The password if it was part of the URL, `None` otherwise.
+        Unlike :attr:`password` this one is not being decoded.
+        """
+        return self._split_auth()[1]
+
+    def decode_query(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "ds.MultiDict[str, str]":
+        """Decodes the query part of the URL.  Ths is a shortcut for
+        calling :func:`url_decode` on the query argument.  The arguments and
+        keyword arguments are forwarded to :func:`url_decode` unchanged.
+        """
+        return url_decode(self.query, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def join(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "BaseURL":
+        """Joins this URL with another one.  This is just a convenience
+        function for calling into :meth:`url_join` and then parsing the
+        return value again.
+        """
+        return url_parse(url_join(self, *args, **kwargs))
+
+    def to_url(self) -> str:
+        """Returns a URL string or bytes depending on the type of the
+        information stored.  This is just a convenience function
+        for calling :meth:`url_unparse` for this URL.
+        """
+        return url_unparse(self)
+
+    def encode_netloc(self) -> str:
+        """Encodes the netloc part to an ASCII safe URL as bytes."""
+        rv = self.ascii_host or ""
+        if ":" in rv:
+            rv = f"[{rv}]"
+        port = self.port
+        if port is not None:
+            rv = f"{rv}:{port}"
+        auth = ":".join(
+            filter(
+                None,
+                [
+                    url_quote(self.raw_username or "", "utf-8", "strict", "/:%"),
+                    url_quote(self.raw_password or "", "utf-8", "strict", "/:%"),
+                ],
+            )
+        )
+        if auth:
+            rv = f"{auth}@{rv}"
+        return rv
+
+    def decode_netloc(self) -> str:
+        """Decodes the netloc part into a string."""
+        rv = _decode_idna(self.host or "")
+
+        if ":" in rv:
+            rv = f"[{rv}]"
+        port = self.port
+        if port is not None:
+            rv = f"{rv}:{port}"
+        auth = ":".join(
+            filter(
+                None,
+                [
+                    _url_unquote_legacy(self.raw_username or "", "/:%@"),
+                    _url_unquote_legacy(self.raw_password or "", "/:%@"),
+                ],
+            )
+        )
+        if auth:
+            rv = f"{auth}@{rv}"
+        return rv
+
+    def to_uri_tuple(self) -> "BaseURL":
+        """Returns a :class:`BytesURL` tuple that holds a URI.  This will
+        encode all the information in the URL properly to ASCII using the
+        rules a web browser would follow.
+
+        It's usually more interesting to directly call :meth:`iri_to_uri` which
+        will return a string.
+        """
+        return url_parse(iri_to_uri(self))
+
+    def to_iri_tuple(self) -> "BaseURL":
+        """Returns a :class:`URL` tuple that holds a IRI.  This will try
+        to decode as much information as possible in the URL without
+        losing information similar to how a web browser does it for the
+        URL bar.
+
+        It's usually more interesting to directly call :meth:`uri_to_iri` which
+        will return a string.
+        """
+        return url_parse(uri_to_iri(self))
+
+    def get_file_location(
+        self, pathformat: t.Optional[str] = None
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str]]:
+        """Returns a tuple with the location of the file in the form
+        ``(server, location)``.  If the netloc is empty in the URL or
+        points to localhost, it's represented as ``None``.
+
+        The `pathformat` by default is autodetection but needs to be set
+        when working with URLs of a specific system.  The supported values
+        are ``'windows'`` when working with Windows or DOS paths and
+        ``'posix'`` when working with posix paths.
+
+        If the URL does not point to a local file, the server and location
+        are both represented as ``None``.
+
+        :param pathformat: The expected format of the path component.
+                           Currently ``'windows'`` and ``'posix'`` are
+                           supported.  Defaults to ``None`` which is
+                           autodetect.
+        """
+        if self.scheme != "file":
+            return None, None
+
+        path = url_unquote(self.path)
+        host = self.netloc or None
+
+        if pathformat is None:
+            if os.name == "nt":
+                pathformat = "windows"
+            else:
+                pathformat = "posix"
+
+        if pathformat == "windows":
+            if path[:1] == "/" and path[1:2].isalpha() and path[2:3] in "|:":
+                path = f"{path[1:2]}:{path[3:]}"
+            windows_share = path[:3] in ("\\" * 3, "/" * 3)
+            import ntpath
+
+            path = ntpath.normpath(path)
+            # Windows shared drives are represented as ``\\host\\directory``.
+            # That results in a URL like ``file://///host/directory``, and a
+            # path like ``///host/directory``. We need to special-case this
+            # because the path contains the hostname.
+            if windows_share and host is None:
+                parts = path.lstrip("\\").split("\\", 1)
+                if len(parts) == 2:
+                    host, path = parts
+                else:
+                    host = parts[0]
+                    path = ""
+        elif pathformat == "posix":
+            import posixpath
+
+            path = posixpath.normpath(path)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(f"Invalid path format {pathformat!r}")
+
+        if host in ("127.0.0.1", "::1", "localhost"):
+            host = None
+
+        return host, path
+
+    def _split_netloc(self) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], str]:
+        if self._at in self.netloc:
+            auth, _, netloc = self.netloc.partition(self._at)
+            return auth, netloc
+        return None, self.netloc
+
+    def _split_auth(self) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str]]:
+        auth = self._split_netloc()[0]
+        if not auth:
+            return None, None
+        if self._colon not in auth:
+            return auth, None
+
+        username, _, password = auth.partition(self._colon)
+        return username, password
+
+    def _split_host(self) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str]]:
+        rv = self._split_netloc()[1]
+        if not rv:
+            return None, None
+
+        if not rv.startswith(self._lbracket):
+            if self._colon in rv:
+                host, _, port = rv.partition(self._colon)
+                return host, port
+            return rv, None
+
+        idx = rv.find(self._rbracket)
+        if idx < 0:
+            return rv, None
+
+        host = rv[1:idx]
+        rest = rv[idx + 1 :]
+        if rest.startswith(self._colon):
+            return host, rest[1:]
+        return host, None
+
+
+class URL(BaseURL):
+    """Represents a parsed URL.  This behaves like a regular tuple but
+    also has some extra attributes that give further insight into the
+    URL.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+    _at = "@"
+    _colon = ":"
+    _lbracket = "["
+    _rbracket = "]"
+
+    def encode(self, charset: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "replace") -> "BytesURL":
+        """Encodes the URL to a tuple made out of bytes.  The charset is
+        only being used for the path, query and fragment.
+        """
+        return BytesURL(
+            self.scheme.encode("ascii"),  # type: ignore
+            self.encode_netloc(),
+            self.path.encode(charset, errors),  # type: ignore
+            self.query.encode(charset, errors),  # type: ignore
+            self.fragment.encode(charset, errors),  # type: ignore
+        )
+
+
+class BytesURL(BaseURL):
+    """Represents a parsed URL in bytes."""
+
+    __slots__ = ()
+    _at = b"@"  # type: ignore
+    _colon = b":"  # type: ignore
+    _lbracket = b"["  # type: ignore
+    _rbracket = b"]"  # type: ignore
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.to_url().decode("utf-8", "replace")  # type: ignore
+
+    def encode_netloc(self) -> bytes:  # type: ignore
+        """Returns the netloc unchanged as bytes."""
+        return self.netloc  # type: ignore
+
+    def decode(self, charset: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "replace") -> "URL":
+        """Decodes the URL to a tuple made out of strings.  The charset is
+        only being used for the path, query and fragment.
+        """
+        return URL(
+            self.scheme.decode("ascii"),  # type: ignore
+            self.decode_netloc(),
+            self.path.decode(charset, errors),  # type: ignore
+            self.query.decode(charset, errors),  # type: ignore
+            self.fragment.decode(charset, errors),  # type: ignore
+        )
+
+
+_unquote_maps: t.Dict[t.FrozenSet[int], t.Dict[bytes, int]] = {frozenset(): _hextobyte}
+
+
+def _unquote_to_bytes(
+    string: t.Union[str, bytes], unsafe: t.Union[str, bytes] = ""
+) -> bytes:
+    if isinstance(string, str):
+        string = string.encode("utf-8")
+
+    if isinstance(unsafe, str):
+        unsafe = unsafe.encode("utf-8")
+
+    unsafe = frozenset(bytearray(unsafe))
+    groups = iter(string.split(b"%"))
+    result = bytearray(next(groups, b""))
+
+    try:
+        hex_to_byte = _unquote_maps[unsafe]
+    except KeyError:
+        hex_to_byte = _unquote_maps[unsafe] = {
+            h: b for h, b in _hextobyte.items() if b not in unsafe
+        }
+
+    for group in groups:
+        code = group[:2]
+
+        if code in hex_to_byte:
+            result.append(hex_to_byte[code])
+            result.extend(group[2:])
+        else:
+            result.append(37)  # %
+            result.extend(group)
+
+    return bytes(result)
+
+
+def _url_encode_impl(
+    obj: t.Union[t.Mapping[str, str], t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]]],
+    charset: str,
+    sort: bool,
+    key: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Tuple[str, str]], t.Any]],
+) -> t.Iterator[str]:
+    from .datastructures import iter_multi_items
+
+    iterable: t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]] = iter_multi_items(obj)
+
+    if sort:
+        iterable = sorted(iterable, key=key)
+
+    for key_str, value_str in iterable:
+        if value_str is None:
+            continue
+
+        if not isinstance(key_str, bytes):
+            key_bytes = str(key_str).encode(charset)
+        else:
+            key_bytes = key_str
+
+        if not isinstance(value_str, bytes):
+            value_bytes = str(value_str).encode(charset)
+        else:
+            value_bytes = value_str
+
+        yield f"{_fast_url_quote_plus(key_bytes)}={_fast_url_quote_plus(value_bytes)}"
+
+
+def _url_unquote_legacy(value: str, unsafe: str = "") -> str:
+    try:
+        return url_unquote(value, charset="utf-8", errors="strict", unsafe=unsafe)
+    except UnicodeError:
+        return url_unquote(value, charset="latin1", unsafe=unsafe)
+
+
+def url_parse(
+    url: str, scheme: t.Optional[str] = None, allow_fragments: bool = True
+) -> BaseURL:
+    """Parses a URL from a string into a :class:`URL` tuple.  If the URL
+    is lacking a scheme it can be provided as second argument. Otherwise,
+    it is ignored.  Optionally fragments can be stripped from the URL
+    by setting `allow_fragments` to `False`.
+
+    The inverse of this function is :func:`url_unparse`.
+
+    :param url: the URL to parse.
+    :param scheme: the default schema to use if the URL is schemaless.
+    :param allow_fragments: if set to `False` a fragment will be removed
+                            from the URL.
+    """
+    s = _make_encode_wrapper(url)
+    is_text_based = isinstance(url, str)
+
+    if scheme is None:
+        scheme = s("")
+    netloc = query = fragment = s("")
+    i = url.find(s(":"))
+    if i > 0 and _scheme_re.match(_to_str(url[:i], errors="replace")):
+        # make sure "iri" is not actually a port number (in which case
+        # "scheme" is really part of the path)
+        rest = url[i + 1 :]
+        if not rest or any(c not in s("0123456789") for c in rest):
+            # not a port number
+            scheme, url = url[:i].lower(), rest
+
+    if url[:2] == s("//"):
+        delim = len(url)
+        for c in s("/?#"):
+            wdelim = url.find(c, 2)
+            if wdelim >= 0:
+                delim = min(delim, wdelim)
+        netloc, url = url[2:delim], url[delim:]
+        if (s("[") in netloc and s("]") not in netloc) or (
+            s("]") in netloc and s("[") not in netloc
+        ):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid IPv6 URL")
+
+    if allow_fragments and s("#") in url:
+        url, fragment = url.split(s("#"), 1)
+    if s("?") in url:
+        url, query = url.split(s("?"), 1)
+
+    result_type = URL if is_text_based else BytesURL
+    return result_type(scheme, netloc, url, query, fragment)
+
+
+def _make_fast_url_quote(
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    errors: str = "strict",
+    safe: t.Union[str, bytes] = "/:",
+    unsafe: t.Union[str, bytes] = "",
+) -> t.Callable[[bytes], str]:
+    """Precompile the translation table for a URL encoding function.
+
+    Unlike :func:`url_quote`, the generated function only takes the
+    string to quote.
+
+    :param charset: The charset to encode the result with.
+    :param errors: How to handle encoding errors.
+    :param safe: An optional sequence of safe characters to never encode.
+    :param unsafe: An optional sequence of unsafe characters to always encode.
+    """
+    if isinstance(safe, str):
+        safe = safe.encode(charset, errors)
+
+    if isinstance(unsafe, str):
+        unsafe = unsafe.encode(charset, errors)
+
+    safe = (frozenset(bytearray(safe)) | _always_safe) - frozenset(bytearray(unsafe))
+    table = [chr(c) if c in safe else f"%{c:02X}" for c in range(256)]
+
+    def quote(string: bytes) -> str:
+        return "".join([table[c] for c in string])
+
+    return quote
+
+
+_fast_url_quote = _make_fast_url_quote()
+_fast_quote_plus = _make_fast_url_quote(safe=" ", unsafe="+")
+
+
+def _fast_url_quote_plus(string: bytes) -> str:
+    return _fast_quote_plus(string).replace(" ", "+")
+
+
+def url_quote(
+    string: t.Union[str, bytes],
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    errors: str = "strict",
+    safe: t.Union[str, bytes] = "/:",
+    unsafe: t.Union[str, bytes] = "",
+) -> str:
+    """URL encode a single string with a given encoding.
+
+    :param s: the string to quote.
+    :param charset: the charset to be used.
+    :param safe: an optional sequence of safe characters.
+    :param unsafe: an optional sequence of unsafe characters.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9.2
+       The `unsafe` parameter was added.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(string, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+        string = str(string)
+    if isinstance(string, str):
+        string = string.encode(charset, errors)
+    if isinstance(safe, str):
+        safe = safe.encode(charset, errors)
+    if isinstance(unsafe, str):
+        unsafe = unsafe.encode(charset, errors)
+    safe = (frozenset(bytearray(safe)) | _always_safe) - frozenset(bytearray(unsafe))
+    rv = bytearray()
+    for char in bytearray(string):
+        if char in safe:
+            rv.append(char)
+        else:
+            rv.extend(_bytetohex[char])
+    return bytes(rv).decode(charset)
+
+
+def url_quote_plus(
+    string: str, charset: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "strict", safe: str = ""
+) -> str:
+    """URL encode a single string with the given encoding and convert
+    whitespace to "+".
+
+    :param s: The string to quote.
+    :param charset: The charset to be used.
+    :param safe: An optional sequence of safe characters.
+    """
+    return url_quote(string, charset, errors, safe + " ", "+").replace(" ", "+")
+
+
+def url_unparse(components: t.Tuple[str, str, str, str, str]) -> str:
+    """The reverse operation to :meth:`url_parse`.  This accepts arbitrary
+    as well as :class:`URL` tuples and returns a URL as a string.
+
+    :param components: the parsed URL as tuple which should be converted
+                       into a URL string.
+    """
+    _check_str_tuple(components)
+    scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = components
+    s = _make_encode_wrapper(scheme)
+    url = s("")
+
+    # We generally treat file:///x and file:/x the same which is also
+    # what browsers seem to do.  This also allows us to ignore a schema
+    # register for netloc utilization or having to differentiate between
+    # empty and missing netloc.
+    if netloc or (scheme and path.startswith(s("/"))):
+        if path and path[:1] != s("/"):
+            path = s("/") + path
+        url = s("//") + (netloc or s("")) + path
+    elif path:
+        url += path
+    if scheme:
+        url = scheme + s(":") + url
+    if query:
+        url = url + s("?") + query
+    if fragment:
+        url = url + s("#") + fragment
+    return url
+
+
+def url_unquote(
+    s: t.Union[str, bytes],
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    errors: str = "replace",
+    unsafe: str = "",
+) -> str:
+    """URL decode a single string with a given encoding.  If the charset
+    is set to `None` no decoding is performed and raw bytes are
+    returned.
+
+    :param s: the string to unquote.
+    :param charset: the charset of the query string.  If set to `None`
+        no decoding will take place.
+    :param errors: the error handling for the charset decoding.
+    """
+    rv = _unquote_to_bytes(s, unsafe)
+    if charset is None:
+        return rv
+    return rv.decode(charset, errors)
+
+
+def url_unquote_plus(
+    s: t.Union[str, bytes], charset: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "replace"
+) -> str:
+    """URL decode a single string with the given `charset` and decode "+" to
+    whitespace.
+
+    Per default encoding errors are ignored.  If you want a different behavior
+    you can set `errors` to ``'replace'`` or ``'strict'``.
+
+    :param s: The string to unquote.
+    :param charset: the charset of the query string.  If set to `None`
+        no decoding will take place.
+    :param errors: The error handling for the `charset` decoding.
+    """
+    if isinstance(s, str):
+        s = s.replace("+", " ")
+    else:
+        s = s.replace(b"+", b" ")
+    return url_unquote(s, charset, errors)
+
+
+def url_fix(s: str, charset: str = "utf-8") -> str:
+    r"""Sometimes you get an URL by a user that just isn't a real URL because
+    it contains unsafe characters like ' ' and so on. This function can fix
+    some of the problems in a similar way browsers handle data entered by the
+    user:
+
+    >>> url_fix('http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elf (Begriffskl\xe4rung)')
+    'http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elf%20(Begriffskl%C3%A4rung)'
+
+    :param s: the string with the URL to fix.
+    :param charset: The target charset for the URL if the url was given
+        as a string.
+    """
+    # First step is to switch to text processing and to convert
+    # backslashes (which are invalid in URLs anyways) to slashes.  This is
+    # consistent with what Chrome does.
+    s = _to_str(s, charset, "replace").replace("\\", "/")
+
+    # For the specific case that we look like a malformed windows URL
+    # we want to fix this up manually:
+    if s.startswith("file://") and s[7:8].isalpha() and s[8:10] in (":/", "|/"):
+        s = f"file:///{s[7:]}"
+
+    url = url_parse(s)
+    path = url_quote(url.path, charset, safe="/%+$!*'(),")
+    qs = url_quote_plus(url.query, charset, safe=":&%=+$!*'(),")
+    anchor = url_quote_plus(url.fragment, charset, safe=":&%=+$!*'(),")
+    return url_unparse((url.scheme, url.encode_netloc(), path, qs, anchor))
+
+
+# not-unreserved characters remain quoted when unquoting to IRI
+_to_iri_unsafe = "".join([chr(c) for c in range(128) if c not in _always_safe])
+
+
+def _codec_error_url_quote(e: UnicodeError) -> t.Tuple[str, int]:
+    """Used in :func:`uri_to_iri` after unquoting to re-quote any
+    invalid bytes.
+    """
+    # the docs state that UnicodeError does have these attributes,
+    # but mypy isn't picking them up
+    out = _fast_url_quote(e.object[e.start : e.end])  # type: ignore
+    return out, e.end  # type: ignore
+
+
+codecs.register_error("werkzeug.url_quote", _codec_error_url_quote)
+
+
+def uri_to_iri(
+    uri: t.Union[str, t.Tuple[str, str, str, str, str]],
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    errors: str = "werkzeug.url_quote",
+) -> str:
+    """Convert a URI to an IRI. All valid UTF-8 characters are unquoted,
+    leaving all reserved and invalid characters quoted. If the URL has
+    a domain, it is decoded from Punycode.
+
+    >>> uri_to_iri("http://xn--n3h.net/p%C3%A5th?q=%C3%A8ry%DF")
+    'http://\\u2603.net/p\\xe5th?q=\\xe8ry%DF'
+
+    :param uri: The URI to convert.
+    :param charset: The encoding to encode unquoted bytes with.
+    :param errors: Error handler to use during ``bytes.encode``. By
+        default, invalid bytes are left quoted.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        All reserved and invalid characters remain quoted. Previously,
+        only some reserved characters were preserved, and invalid bytes
+        were replaced instead of left quoted.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6
+    """
+    if isinstance(uri, tuple):
+        uri = url_unparse(uri)
+
+    uri = url_parse(_to_str(uri, charset))
+    path = url_unquote(uri.path, charset, errors, _to_iri_unsafe)
+    query = url_unquote(uri.query, charset, errors, _to_iri_unsafe)
+    fragment = url_unquote(uri.fragment, charset, errors, _to_iri_unsafe)
+    return url_unparse((uri.scheme, uri.decode_netloc(), path, query, fragment))
+
+
+# reserved characters remain unquoted when quoting to URI
+_to_uri_safe = ":/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;=%"
+
+
+def iri_to_uri(
+    iri: t.Union[str, t.Tuple[str, str, str, str, str]],
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    errors: str = "strict",
+    safe_conversion: bool = False,
+) -> str:
+    """Convert an IRI to a URI. All non-ASCII and unsafe characters are
+    quoted. If the URL has a domain, it is encoded to Punycode.
+
+    >>> iri_to_uri('http://\\u2603.net/p\\xe5th?q=\\xe8ry%DF')
+    'http://xn--n3h.net/p%C3%A5th?q=%C3%A8ry%DF'
+
+    :param iri: The IRI to convert.
+    :param charset: The encoding of the IRI.
+    :param errors: Error handler to use during ``bytes.encode``.
+    :param safe_conversion: Return the URL unchanged if it only contains
+        ASCII characters and no whitespace. See the explanation below.
+
+    There is a general problem with IRI conversion with some protocols
+    that are in violation of the URI specification. Consider the
+    following two IRIs::
+
+        magnet:?xt=uri:whatever
+        itms-services://?action=download-manifest
+
+    After parsing, we don't know if the scheme requires the ``//``,
+    which is dropped if empty, but conveys different meanings in the
+    final URL if it's present or not. In this case, you can use
+    ``safe_conversion``, which will return the URL unchanged if it only
+    contains ASCII characters and no whitespace. This can result in a
+    URI with unquoted characters if it was not already quoted correctly,
+    but preserves the URL's semantics. Werkzeug uses this for the
+    ``Location`` header for redirects.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        All reserved characters remain unquoted. Previously, only some
+        reserved characters were left unquoted.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.9.6
+       The ``safe_conversion`` parameter was added.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6
+    """
+    if isinstance(iri, tuple):
+        iri = url_unparse(iri)
+
+    if safe_conversion:
+        # If we're not sure if it's safe to convert the URL, and it only
+        # contains ASCII characters, return it unconverted.
+        try:
+            native_iri = _to_str(iri)
+            ascii_iri = native_iri.encode("ascii")
+
+            # Only return if it doesn't have whitespace. (Why?)
+            if len(ascii_iri.split()) == 1:
+                return native_iri
+        except UnicodeError:
+            pass
+
+    iri = url_parse(_to_str(iri, charset, errors))
+    path = url_quote(iri.path, charset, errors, _to_uri_safe)
+    query = url_quote(iri.query, charset, errors, _to_uri_safe)
+    fragment = url_quote(iri.fragment, charset, errors, _to_uri_safe)
+    return url_unparse((iri.scheme, iri.encode_netloc(), path, query, fragment))
+
+
+def url_decode(
+    s: t.AnyStr,
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    decode_keys: None = None,
+    include_empty: bool = True,
+    errors: str = "replace",
+    separator: str = "&",
+    cls: t.Optional[t.Type["ds.MultiDict"]] = None,
+) -> "ds.MultiDict[str, str]":
+    """Parse a query string and return it as a :class:`MultiDict`.
+
+    :param s: The query string to parse.
+    :param charset: Decode bytes to string with this charset. If not
+        given, bytes are returned as-is.
+    :param include_empty: Include keys with empty values in the dict.
+    :param errors: Error handling behavior when decoding bytes.
+    :param separator: Separator character between pairs.
+    :param cls: Container to hold result instead of :class:`MultiDict`.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        The ``decode_keys`` parameter is deprecated and will be removed
+        in Werkzeug 2.1.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+        In previous versions ";" and "&" could be used for url decoding.
+        Now only "&" is supported. If you want to use ";", a different
+        ``separator`` can be provided.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+        The ``cls`` parameter was added.
+    """
+    if decode_keys is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'decode_keys' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+    if cls is None:
+        from .datastructures import MultiDict  # noqa: F811
+
+        cls = MultiDict
+    if isinstance(s, str) and not isinstance(separator, str):
+        separator = separator.decode(charset or "ascii")
+    elif isinstance(s, bytes) and not isinstance(separator, bytes):
+        separator = separator.encode(charset or "ascii")  # type: ignore
+    return cls(
+        _url_decode_impl(
+            s.split(separator), charset, include_empty, errors  # type: ignore
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def url_decode_stream(
+    stream: t.IO[bytes],
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    decode_keys: None = None,
+    include_empty: bool = True,
+    errors: str = "replace",
+    separator: bytes = b"&",
+    cls: t.Optional[t.Type["ds.MultiDict"]] = None,
+    limit: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    return_iterator: bool = False,
+) -> "ds.MultiDict[str, str]":
+    """Works like :func:`url_decode` but decodes a stream.  The behavior
+    of stream and limit follows functions like
+    :func:`~werkzeug.wsgi.make_line_iter`.  The generator of pairs is
+    directly fed to the `cls` so you can consume the data while it's
+    parsed.
+
+    :param stream: a stream with the encoded querystring
+    :param charset: the charset of the query string.  If set to `None`
+        no decoding will take place.
+    :param include_empty: Set to `False` if you don't want empty values to
+                          appear in the dict.
+    :param errors: the decoding error behavior.
+    :param separator: the pair separator to be used, defaults to ``&``
+    :param cls: an optional dict class to use.  If this is not specified
+                       or `None` the default :class:`MultiDict` is used.
+    :param limit: the content length of the URL data.  Not necessary if
+                  a limited stream is provided.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        The ``decode_keys`` and ``return_iterator`` parameters are
+        deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.8
+    """
+    from .wsgi import make_chunk_iter
+
+    if decode_keys is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'decode_keys' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+    pair_iter = make_chunk_iter(stream, separator, limit)
+    decoder = _url_decode_impl(pair_iter, charset, include_empty, errors)
+
+    if return_iterator:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'return_iterator' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return decoder  # type: ignore
+
+    if cls is None:
+        from .datastructures import MultiDict  # noqa: F811
+
+        cls = MultiDict
+
+    return cls(decoder)
+
+
+def _url_decode_impl(
+    pair_iter: t.Iterable[t.AnyStr], charset: str, include_empty: bool, errors: str
+) -> t.Iterator[t.Tuple[str, str]]:
+    for pair in pair_iter:
+        if not pair:
+            continue
+        s = _make_encode_wrapper(pair)
+        equal = s("=")
+        if equal in pair:
+            key, value = pair.split(equal, 1)
+        else:
+            if not include_empty:
+                continue
+            key = pair
+            value = s("")
+        yield (
+            url_unquote_plus(key, charset, errors),
+            url_unquote_plus(value, charset, errors),
+        )
+
+
+def url_encode(
+    obj: t.Union[t.Mapping[str, str], t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]]],
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    encode_keys: None = None,
+    sort: bool = False,
+    key: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Tuple[str, str]], t.Any]] = None,
+    separator: str = "&",
+) -> str:
+    """URL encode a dict/`MultiDict`.  If a value is `None` it will not appear
+    in the result string.  Per default only values are encoded into the target
+    charset strings.
+
+    :param obj: the object to encode into a query string.
+    :param charset: the charset of the query string.
+    :param sort: set to `True` if you want parameters to be sorted by `key`.
+    :param separator: the separator to be used for the pairs.
+    :param key: an optional function to be used for sorting.  For more details
+                check out the :func:`sorted` documentation.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        The ``encode_keys`` parameter is deprecated and will be removed
+        in Werkzeug 2.1.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+        Added the ``sort``, ``key``, and ``separator`` parameters.
+    """
+    if encode_keys is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'encode_keys' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+    separator = _to_str(separator, "ascii")
+    return separator.join(_url_encode_impl(obj, charset, sort, key))
+
+
+def url_encode_stream(
+    obj: t.Union[t.Mapping[str, str], t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]]],
+    stream: t.Optional[t.IO[str]] = None,
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    encode_keys: None = None,
+    sort: bool = False,
+    key: t.Optional[t.Callable[[t.Tuple[str, str]], t.Any]] = None,
+    separator: str = "&",
+) -> None:
+    """Like :meth:`url_encode` but writes the results to a stream
+    object.  If the stream is `None` a generator over all encoded
+    pairs is returned.
+
+    :param obj: the object to encode into a query string.
+    :param stream: a stream to write the encoded object into or `None` if
+                   an iterator over the encoded pairs should be returned.  In
+                   that case the separator argument is ignored.
+    :param charset: the charset of the query string.
+    :param sort: set to `True` if you want parameters to be sorted by `key`.
+    :param separator: the separator to be used for the pairs.
+    :param key: an optional function to be used for sorting.  For more details
+                check out the :func:`sorted` documentation.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        The ``encode_keys`` parameter is deprecated and will be removed
+        in Werkzeug 2.1.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.8
+    """
+    if encode_keys is not None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'encode_keys' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+    separator = _to_str(separator, "ascii")
+    gen = _url_encode_impl(obj, charset, sort, key)
+    if stream is None:
+        return gen  # type: ignore
+    for idx, chunk in enumerate(gen):
+        if idx:
+            stream.write(separator)
+        stream.write(chunk)
+    return None
+
+
+def url_join(
+    base: t.Union[str, t.Tuple[str, str, str, str, str]],
+    url: t.Union[str, t.Tuple[str, str, str, str, str]],
+    allow_fragments: bool = True,
+) -> str:
+    """Join a base URL and a possibly relative URL to form an absolute
+    interpretation of the latter.
+
+    :param base: the base URL for the join operation.
+    :param url: the URL to join.
+    :param allow_fragments: indicates whether fragments should be allowed.
+    """
+    if isinstance(base, tuple):
+        base = url_unparse(base)
+    if isinstance(url, tuple):
+        url = url_unparse(url)
+
+    _check_str_tuple((base, url))
+    s = _make_encode_wrapper(base)
+
+    if not base:
+        return url
+    if not url:
+        return base
+
+    bscheme, bnetloc, bpath, bquery, bfragment = url_parse(
+        base, allow_fragments=allow_fragments
+    )
+    scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment = url_parse(url, bscheme, allow_fragments)
+    if scheme != bscheme:
+        return url
+    if netloc:
+        return url_unparse((scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment))
+    netloc = bnetloc
+
+    if path[:1] == s("/"):
+        segments = path.split(s("/"))
+    elif not path:
+        segments = bpath.split(s("/"))
+        if not query:
+            query = bquery
+    else:
+        segments = bpath.split(s("/"))[:-1] + path.split(s("/"))
+
+    # If the rightmost part is "./" we want to keep the slash but
+    # remove the dot.
+    if segments[-1] == s("."):
+        segments[-1] = s("")
+
+    # Resolve ".." and "."
+    segments = [segment for segment in segments if segment != s(".")]
+    while True:
+        i = 1
+        n = len(segments) - 1
+        while i < n:
+            if segments[i] == s("..") and segments[i - 1] not in (s(""), s("..")):
+                del segments[i - 1 : i + 1]
+                break
+            i += 1
+        else:
+            break
+
+    # Remove trailing ".." if the URL is absolute
+    unwanted_marker = [s(""), s("..")]
+    while segments[:2] == unwanted_marker:
+        del segments[1]
+
+    path = s("/").join(segments)
+    return url_unparse((scheme, netloc, path, query, fragment))
+
+
+class Href:
+    """Implements a callable that constructs URLs with the given base. The
+    function can be called with any number of positional and keyword
+    arguments which than are used to assemble the URL.  Works with URLs
+    and posix paths.
+
+    Positional arguments are appended as individual segments to
+    the path of the URL:
+
+    >>> href = Href('/foo')
+    >>> href('bar', 23)
+    '/foo/bar/23'
+    >>> href('foo', bar=23)
+    '/foo/foo?bar=23'
+
+    If any of the arguments (positional or keyword) evaluates to `None` it
+    will be skipped.  If no keyword arguments are given the last argument
+    can be a :class:`dict` or :class:`MultiDict` (or any other dict subclass),
+    otherwise the keyword arguments are used for the query parameters, cutting
+    off the first trailing underscore of the parameter name:
+
+    >>> href(is_=42)
+    '/foo?is=42'
+    >>> href({'foo': 'bar'})
+    '/foo?foo=bar'
+
+    Combining of both methods is not allowed:
+
+    >>> href({'foo': 'bar'}, bar=42)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+      ...
+    TypeError: keyword arguments and query-dicts can't be combined
+
+    Accessing attributes on the href object creates a new href object with
+    the attribute name as prefix:
+
+    >>> bar_href = href.bar
+    >>> bar_href("blub")
+    '/foo/bar/blub'
+
+    If `sort` is set to `True` the items are sorted by `key` or the default
+    sorting algorithm:
+
+    >>> href = Href("/", sort=True)
+    >>> href(a=1, b=2, c=3)
+    '/?a=1&b=2&c=3'
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use :mod:`werkzeug.routing`
+        instead.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+        `sort` and `key` were added.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(  # type: ignore
+        self, base="./", charset="utf-8", sort=False, key=None
+    ):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'Href' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1."
+            " Use 'werkzeug.routing' instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+        if not base:
+            base = "./"
+        self.base = base
+        self.charset = charset
+        self.sort = sort
+        self.key = key
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name):  # type: ignore
+        if name[:2] == "__":
+            raise AttributeError(name)
+        base = self.base
+        if base[-1:] != "/":
+            base += "/"
+        return Href(url_join(base, name), self.charset, self.sort, self.key)
+
+    def __call__(self, *path, **query):  # type: ignore
+        if path and isinstance(path[-1], dict):
+            if query:
+                raise TypeError("keyword arguments and query-dicts can't be combined")
+            query, path = path[-1], path[:-1]
+        elif query:
+            query = {k[:-1] if k.endswith("_") else k: v for k, v in query.items()}
+        path = "/".join(
+            [
+                _to_str(url_quote(x, self.charset), "ascii")
+                for x in path
+                if x is not None
+            ]
+        ).lstrip("/")
+        rv = self.base
+        if path:
+            if not rv.endswith("/"):
+                rv += "/"
+            rv = url_join(rv, f"./{path}")
+        if query:
+            rv += "?" + _to_str(
+                url_encode(query, self.charset, sort=self.sort, key=self.key), "ascii"
+            )
+        return rv
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/user_agent.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/user_agent.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66ffcbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/user_agent.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import typing as t
+
+
+class UserAgent:
+    """Represents a parsed user agent header value.
+
+    The default implementation does no parsing, only the :attr:`string`
+    attribute is set. A subclass may parse the string to set the
+    common attributes or expose other information. Set
+    :attr:`werkzeug.wrappers.Request.user_agent_class` to use a
+    subclass.
+
+    :param string: The header value to parse.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        This replaces the previous ``useragents`` module, but does not
+        provide a built-in parser.
+    """
+
+    platform: t.Optional[str] = None
+    """The OS name, if it could be parsed from the string."""
+
+    browser: t.Optional[str] = None
+    """The browser name, if it could be parsed from the string."""
+
+    version: t.Optional[str] = None
+    """The browser version, if it could be parsed from the string."""
+
+    language: t.Optional[str] = None
+    """The browser language, if it could be parsed from the string."""
+
+    def __init__(self, string: str) -> None:
+        self.string: str = string
+        """The original header value."""
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {self.browser}/{self.version}>"
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return self.string
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return bool(self.browser)
+
+    def to_header(self) -> str:
+        """Convert to a header value."""
+        return self.string
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/useragents.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/useragents.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4deed8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/useragents.py
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+import re
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+from .user_agent import UserAgent as _BaseUserAgent
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+class _UserAgentParser:
+    platform_rules: t.ClassVar[t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]]] = (
+        (" cros ", "chromeos"),
+        ("iphone|ios", "iphone"),
+        ("ipad", "ipad"),
+        (r"darwin\b|mac\b|os\s*x", "macos"),
+        ("win", "windows"),
+        (r"android", "android"),
+        ("netbsd", "netbsd"),
+        ("openbsd", "openbsd"),
+        ("freebsd", "freebsd"),
+        ("dragonfly", "dragonflybsd"),
+        ("(sun|i86)os", "solaris"),
+        (r"x11\b|lin(\b|ux)?", "linux"),
+        (r"nintendo\s+wii", "wii"),
+        ("irix", "irix"),
+        ("hp-?ux", "hpux"),
+        ("aix", "aix"),
+        ("sco|unix_sv", "sco"),
+        ("bsd", "bsd"),
+        ("amiga", "amiga"),
+        ("blackberry|playbook", "blackberry"),
+        ("symbian", "symbian"),
+    )
+    browser_rules: t.ClassVar[t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, str]]] = (
+        ("googlebot", "google"),
+        ("msnbot", "msn"),
+        ("yahoo", "yahoo"),
+        ("ask jeeves", "ask"),
+        (r"aol|america\s+online\s+browser", "aol"),
+        (r"opera|opr", "opera"),
+        ("edge|edg", "edge"),
+        ("chrome|crios", "chrome"),
+        ("seamonkey", "seamonkey"),
+        ("firefox|firebird|phoenix|iceweasel", "firefox"),
+        ("galeon", "galeon"),
+        ("safari|version", "safari"),
+        ("webkit", "webkit"),
+        ("camino", "camino"),
+        ("konqueror", "konqueror"),
+        ("k-meleon", "kmeleon"),
+        ("netscape", "netscape"),
+        (r"msie|microsoft\s+internet\s+explorer|trident/.+? rv:", "msie"),
+        ("lynx", "lynx"),
+        ("links", "links"),
+        ("Baiduspider", "baidu"),
+        ("bingbot", "bing"),
+        ("mozilla", "mozilla"),
+    )
+
+    _browser_version_re = r"(?:{pattern})[/\sa-z(]*(\d+[.\da-z]+)?"
+    _language_re = re.compile(
+        r"(?:;\s*|\s+)(\b\w{2}\b(?:-\b\w{2}\b)?)\s*;|"
+        r"(?:\(|\[|;)\s*(\b\w{2}\b(?:-\b\w{2}\b)?)\s*(?:\]|\)|;)"
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.platforms = [(b, re.compile(a, re.I)) for a, b in self.platform_rules]
+        self.browsers = [
+            (b, re.compile(self._browser_version_re.format(pattern=a), re.I))
+            for a, b in self.browser_rules
+        ]
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, user_agent: str
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str], t.Optional[str]]:
+        platform: t.Optional[str]
+        browser: t.Optional[str]
+        version: t.Optional[str]
+        language: t.Optional[str]
+
+        for platform, regex in self.platforms:  # noqa: B007
+            match = regex.search(user_agent)
+            if match is not None:
+                break
+        else:
+            platform = None
+
+        # Except for Trident, all browser key words come after the last ')'
+        last_closing_paren = 0
+        if (
+            not re.compile(r"trident/.+? rv:", re.I).search(user_agent)
+            and ")" in user_agent
+            and user_agent[-1] != ")"
+        ):
+            last_closing_paren = user_agent.rindex(")")
+
+        for browser, regex in self.browsers:  # noqa: B007
+            match = regex.search(user_agent[last_closing_paren:])
+            if match is not None:
+                version = match.group(1)
+                break
+        else:
+            browser = version = None
+        match = self._language_re.search(user_agent)
+        if match is not None:
+            language = match.group(1) or match.group(2)
+        else:
+            language = None
+        return platform, browser, version, language
+
+
+# It wasn't public, but users might have imported it anyway, show a
+# warning if a user created an instance.
+class UserAgentParser(_UserAgentParser):
+    """A simple user agent parser.  Used by the `UserAgent`.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use a dedicated parser library
+        instead.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'UserAgentParser' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. Use a dedicated parser library instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__()
+
+
+class _deprecated_property(property):
+    def __init__(self, fget: t.Callable[["_UserAgent"], t.Any]) -> None:
+        super().__init__(fget)
+        self.message = (
+            "The built-in user agent parser is deprecated and will be"
+            f" removed in Werkzeug 2.1. The {fget.__name__!r} property"
+            " will be 'None'. Subclass 'werkzeug.user_agent.UserAgent'"
+            " and set 'Request.user_agent_class' to use a different"
+            " parser."
+        )
+
+    def __get__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> t.Any:
+        warnings.warn(self.message, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=3)
+        return super().__get__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+# This is what Request.user_agent returns for now, only show warnings on
+# attribute access, not creation.
+class _UserAgent(_BaseUserAgent):
+    _parser = _UserAgentParser()
+
+    def __init__(self, string: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(string)
+        info = self._parser(string)
+        self._platform, self._browser, self._version, self._language = info
+
+    @_deprecated_property
+    def platform(self) -> t.Optional[str]:  # type: ignore
+        return self._platform
+
+    @_deprecated_property
+    def browser(self) -> t.Optional[str]:  # type: ignore
+        return self._browser
+
+    @_deprecated_property
+    def version(self) -> t.Optional[str]:  # type: ignore
+        return self._version
+
+    @_deprecated_property
+    def language(self) -> t.Optional[str]:  # type: ignore
+        return self._language
+
+
+# This is what users might be importing, show warnings on create.
+class UserAgent(_UserAgent):
+    """Represents a parsed user agent header value.
+
+    This uses a basic parser to try to extract some information from the
+    header.
+
+    :param environ_or_string: The header value to parse, or a WSGI
+        environ containing the header.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Subclass
+        :class:`werkzeug.user_agent.UserAgent` (note the new module
+        name) to use a dedicated parser instead.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Passing a WSGI environ is deprecated and will be removed in 2.1.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, environ_or_string: "t.Union[str, WSGIEnvironment]") -> None:
+        if isinstance(environ_or_string, dict):
+            warnings.warn(
+                "Passing an environ to 'UserAgent' is deprecated and"
+                " will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Pass the header"
+                " value string instead.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            string = environ_or_string.get("HTTP_USER_AGENT", "")
+        else:
+            string = environ_or_string
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "The 'werkzeug.useragents' module is deprecated and will be"
+            " removed in Werkzeug 2.1. The new base API is"
+            " 'werkzeug.user_agent.UserAgent'.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(string)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/utils.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9007231
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1099 @@
+import codecs
+import io
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import pkgutil
+import re
+import sys
+import typing as t
+import unicodedata
+import warnings
+from datetime import datetime
+from html.entities import name2codepoint
+from time import time
+from zlib import adler32
+
+from ._internal import _DictAccessorProperty
+from ._internal import _missing
+from ._internal import _parse_signature
+from ._internal import _TAccessorValue
+from .datastructures import Headers
+from .exceptions import NotFound
+from .exceptions import RequestedRangeNotSatisfiable
+from .security import safe_join
+from .urls import url_quote
+from .wsgi import wrap_file
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+    from .wrappers.request import Request
+    from .wrappers.response import Response
+
+_T = t.TypeVar("_T")
+
+_entity_re = re.compile(r"&([^;]+);")
+_filename_ascii_strip_re = re.compile(r"[^A-Za-z0-9_.-]")
+_windows_device_files = (
+    "CON",
+    "AUX",
+    "COM1",
+    "COM2",
+    "COM3",
+    "COM4",
+    "LPT1",
+    "LPT2",
+    "LPT3",
+    "PRN",
+    "NUL",
+)
+
+
+class cached_property(property, t.Generic[_T]):
+    """A :func:`property` that is only evaluated once. Subsequent access
+    returns the cached value. Setting the property sets the cached
+    value. Deleting the property clears the cached value, accessing it
+    again will evaluate it again.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        class Example:
+            @cached_property
+            def value(self):
+                # calculate something important here
+                return 42
+
+        e = Example()
+        e.value  # evaluates
+        e.value  # uses cache
+        e.value = 16  # sets cache
+        del e.value  # clears cache
+
+    The class must have a ``__dict__`` for this to work.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``del obj.name`` clears the cached value.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        fget: t.Callable[[t.Any], _T],
+        name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        doc: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(fget, doc=doc)
+        self.__name__ = name or fget.__name__
+        self.__module__ = fget.__module__
+
+    def __set__(self, obj: object, value: _T) -> None:
+        obj.__dict__[self.__name__] = value
+
+    def __get__(self, obj: object, type: type = None) -> _T:  # type: ignore
+        if obj is None:
+            return self  # type: ignore
+
+        value: _T = obj.__dict__.get(self.__name__, _missing)
+
+        if value is _missing:
+            value = self.fget(obj)  # type: ignore
+            obj.__dict__[self.__name__] = value
+
+        return value
+
+    def __delete__(self, obj: object) -> None:
+        del obj.__dict__[self.__name__]
+
+
+def invalidate_cached_property(obj: object, name: str) -> None:
+    """Invalidates the cache for a :class:`cached_property`:
+
+    >>> class Test(object):
+    ...     @cached_property
+    ...     def magic_number(self):
+    ...         print("recalculating...")
+    ...         return 42
+    ...
+    >>> var = Test()
+    >>> var.magic_number
+    recalculating...
+    42
+    >>> var.magic_number
+    42
+    >>> invalidate_cached_property(var, "magic_number")
+    >>> var.magic_number
+    recalculating...
+    42
+
+    You must pass the name of the cached property as the second argument.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use ``del obj.name`` instead.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'invalidate_cached_property' is deprecated and will be removed"
+        " in Werkzeug 2.1. Use 'del obj.name' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    delattr(obj, name)
+
+
+class environ_property(_DictAccessorProperty[_TAccessorValue]):
+    """Maps request attributes to environment variables. This works not only
+    for the Werkzeug request object, but also any other class with an
+    environ attribute:
+
+    >>> class Test(object):
+    ...     environ = {'key': 'value'}
+    ...     test = environ_property('key')
+    >>> var = Test()
+    >>> var.test
+    'value'
+
+    If you pass it a second value it's used as default if the key does not
+    exist, the third one can be a converter that takes a value and converts
+    it.  If it raises :exc:`ValueError` or :exc:`TypeError` the default value
+    is used. If no default value is provided `None` is used.
+
+    Per default the property is read only.  You have to explicitly enable it
+    by passing ``read_only=False`` to the constructor.
+    """
+
+    read_only = True
+
+    def lookup(self, obj: "Request") -> "WSGIEnvironment":
+        return obj.environ
+
+
+class header_property(_DictAccessorProperty[_TAccessorValue]):
+    """Like `environ_property` but for headers."""
+
+    def lookup(self, obj: t.Union["Request", "Response"]) -> Headers:
+        return obj.headers
+
+
+class HTMLBuilder:
+    """Helper object for HTML generation.
+
+    Per default there are two instances of that class.  The `html` one, and
+    the `xhtml` one for those two dialects.  The class uses keyword parameters
+    and positional parameters to generate small snippets of HTML.
+
+    Keyword parameters are converted to XML/SGML attributes, positional
+    arguments are used as children.  Because Python accepts positional
+    arguments before keyword arguments it's a good idea to use a list with the
+    star-syntax for some children:
+
+    >>> html.p(class_='foo', *[html.a('foo', href='foo.html'), ' ',
+    ...                        html.a('bar', href='bar.html')])
+    '<p class="foo"><a href="foo.html">foo</a> <a href="bar.html">bar</a></p>'
+
+    This class works around some browser limitations and can not be used for
+    arbitrary SGML/XML generation.  For that purpose lxml and similar
+    libraries exist.
+
+    Calling the builder escapes the string passed:
+
+    >>> html.p(html("<foo>"))
+    '<p>&lt;foo&gt;</p>'
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.
+    """
+
+    _entity_re = re.compile(r"&([^;]+);")
+    _entities = name2codepoint.copy()
+    _entities["apos"] = 39
+    _empty_elements = {
+        "area",
+        "base",
+        "basefont",
+        "br",
+        "col",
+        "command",
+        "embed",
+        "frame",
+        "hr",
+        "img",
+        "input",
+        "keygen",
+        "isindex",
+        "link",
+        "meta",
+        "param",
+        "source",
+        "wbr",
+    }
+    _boolean_attributes = {
+        "selected",
+        "checked",
+        "compact",
+        "declare",
+        "defer",
+        "disabled",
+        "ismap",
+        "multiple",
+        "nohref",
+        "noresize",
+        "noshade",
+        "nowrap",
+    }
+    _plaintext_elements = {"textarea"}
+    _c_like_cdata = {"script", "style"}
+
+    def __init__(self, dialect):  # type: ignore
+        self._dialect = dialect
+
+    def __call__(self, s):  # type: ignore
+        import html
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'utils.HTMLBuilder' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return html.escape(s)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, tag):  # type: ignore
+        import html
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'utils.HTMLBuilder' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        if tag[:2] == "__":
+            raise AttributeError(tag)
+
+        def proxy(*children, **arguments):  # type: ignore
+            buffer = f"<{tag}"
+            for key, value in arguments.items():
+                if value is None:
+                    continue
+                if key[-1] == "_":
+                    key = key[:-1]
+                if key in self._boolean_attributes:
+                    if not value:
+                        continue
+                    if self._dialect == "xhtml":
+                        value = f'="{key}"'
+                    else:
+                        value = ""
+                else:
+                    value = f'="{html.escape(value)}"'
+                buffer += f" {key}{value}"
+            if not children and tag in self._empty_elements:
+                if self._dialect == "xhtml":
+                    buffer += " />"
+                else:
+                    buffer += ">"
+                return buffer
+            buffer += ">"
+
+            children_as_string = "".join([str(x) for x in children if x is not None])
+
+            if children_as_string:
+                if tag in self._plaintext_elements:
+                    children_as_string = html.escape(children_as_string)
+                elif tag in self._c_like_cdata and self._dialect == "xhtml":
+                    children_as_string = f"/*<![CDATA[*/{children_as_string}/*]]>*/"
+            buffer += children_as_string + f"</{tag}>"
+            return buffer
+
+        return proxy
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} for {self._dialect!r}>"
+
+
+html = HTMLBuilder("html")
+xhtml = HTMLBuilder("xhtml")
+
+# https://cgit.freedesktop.org/xdg/shared-mime-info/tree/freedesktop.org.xml.in
+# https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml
+# Types listed in the XDG mime info that have a charset in the IANA registration.
+_charset_mimetypes = {
+    "application/ecmascript",
+    "application/javascript",
+    "application/sql",
+    "application/xml",
+    "application/xml-dtd",
+    "application/xml-external-parsed-entity",
+}
+
+
+def get_content_type(mimetype: str, charset: str) -> str:
+    """Returns the full content type string with charset for a mimetype.
+
+    If the mimetype represents text, the charset parameter will be
+    appended, otherwise the mimetype is returned unchanged.
+
+    :param mimetype: The mimetype to be used as content type.
+    :param charset: The charset to be appended for text mimetypes.
+    :return: The content type.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        Any type that ends with ``+xml`` gets a charset, not just those
+        that start with ``application/``. Known text types such as
+        ``application/javascript`` are also given charsets.
+    """
+    if (
+        mimetype.startswith("text/")
+        or mimetype in _charset_mimetypes
+        or mimetype.endswith("+xml")
+    ):
+        mimetype += f"; charset={charset}"
+
+    return mimetype
+
+
+def detect_utf_encoding(data: bytes) -> str:
+    """Detect which UTF encoding was used to encode the given bytes.
+
+    The latest JSON standard (:rfc:`8259`) suggests that only UTF-8 is
+    accepted. Older documents allowed 8, 16, or 32. 16 and 32 can be big
+    or little endian. Some editors or libraries may prepend a BOM.
+
+    :internal:
+
+    :param data: Bytes in unknown UTF encoding.
+    :return: UTF encoding name
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. This is built in to
+        :func:`json.loads`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.15
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'detect_utf_encoding' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+        " Werkzeug 2.1. This is built in to 'json.loads'.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    head = data[:4]
+
+    if head[:3] == codecs.BOM_UTF8:
+        return "utf-8-sig"
+
+    if b"\x00" not in head:
+        return "utf-8"
+
+    if head in (codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE, codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE):
+        return "utf-32"
+
+    if head[:2] in (codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE, codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE):
+        return "utf-16"
+
+    if len(head) == 4:
+        if head[:3] == b"\x00\x00\x00":
+            return "utf-32-be"
+
+        if head[::2] == b"\x00\x00":
+            return "utf-16-be"
+
+        if head[1:] == b"\x00\x00\x00":
+            return "utf-32-le"
+
+        if head[1::2] == b"\x00\x00":
+            return "utf-16-le"
+
+    if len(head) == 2:
+        return "utf-16-be" if head.startswith(b"\x00") else "utf-16-le"
+
+    return "utf-8"
+
+
+def format_string(string: str, context: t.Mapping[str, t.Any]) -> str:
+    """String-template format a string:
+
+    >>> format_string('$foo and ${foo}s', dict(foo=42))
+    '42 and 42s'
+
+    This does not do any attribute lookup.
+
+    :param string: the format string.
+    :param context: a dict with the variables to insert.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use :class:`string.Template`
+        instead.
+    """
+    from string import Template
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'utils.format_string' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+        " Werkzeug 2.1. Use 'string.Template' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return Template(string).substitute(context)
+
+
+def secure_filename(filename: str) -> str:
+    r"""Pass it a filename and it will return a secure version of it.  This
+    filename can then safely be stored on a regular file system and passed
+    to :func:`os.path.join`.  The filename returned is an ASCII only string
+    for maximum portability.
+
+    On windows systems the function also makes sure that the file is not
+    named after one of the special device files.
+
+    >>> secure_filename("My cool movie.mov")
+    'My_cool_movie.mov'
+    >>> secure_filename("../../../etc/passwd")
+    'etc_passwd'
+    >>> secure_filename('i contain cool \xfcml\xe4uts.txt')
+    'i_contain_cool_umlauts.txt'
+
+    The function might return an empty filename.  It's your responsibility
+    to ensure that the filename is unique and that you abort or
+    generate a random filename if the function returned an empty one.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    :param filename: the filename to secure
+    """
+    filename = unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", filename)
+    filename = filename.encode("ascii", "ignore").decode("ascii")
+
+    for sep in os.path.sep, os.path.altsep:
+        if sep:
+            filename = filename.replace(sep, " ")
+    filename = str(_filename_ascii_strip_re.sub("", "_".join(filename.split()))).strip(
+        "._"
+    )
+
+    # on nt a couple of special files are present in each folder.  We
+    # have to ensure that the target file is not such a filename.  In
+    # this case we prepend an underline
+    if (
+        os.name == "nt"
+        and filename
+        and filename.split(".")[0].upper() in _windows_device_files
+    ):
+        filename = f"_{filename}"
+
+    return filename
+
+
+def escape(s: t.Any) -> str:
+    """Replace ``&``, ``<``, ``>``, ``"``, and ``'`` with HTML-safe
+    sequences.
+
+    ``None`` is escaped to an empty string.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use MarkupSafe instead.
+    """
+    import html
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'utils.escape' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug"
+        " 2.1. Use MarkupSafe instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+
+    if s is None:
+        return ""
+
+    if hasattr(s, "__html__"):
+        return s.__html__()  # type: ignore
+
+    if not isinstance(s, str):
+        s = str(s)
+
+    return html.escape(s, quote=True)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def unescape(s: str) -> str:
+    """The reverse of :func:`escape`. This unescapes all the HTML
+    entities, not only those inserted by ``escape``.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use MarkupSafe instead.
+    """
+    import html
+
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'utils.unescape' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzueg"
+        " 2.1. Use MarkupSafe instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    return html.unescape(s)
+
+
+def redirect(
+    location: str, code: int = 302, Response: t.Optional[t.Type["Response"]] = None
+) -> "Response":
+    """Returns a response object (a WSGI application) that, if called,
+    redirects the client to the target location. Supported codes are
+    301, 302, 303, 305, 307, and 308. 300 is not supported because
+    it's not a real redirect and 304 because it's the answer for a
+    request with a request with defined If-Modified-Since headers.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6
+       The location can now be a unicode string that is encoded using
+       the :func:`iri_to_uri` function.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.10
+        The class used for the Response object can now be passed in.
+
+    :param location: the location the response should redirect to.
+    :param code: the redirect status code. defaults to 302.
+    :param class Response: a Response class to use when instantiating a
+        response. The default is :class:`werkzeug.wrappers.Response` if
+        unspecified.
+    """
+    import html
+
+    if Response is None:
+        from .wrappers import Response  # type: ignore
+
+    display_location = html.escape(location)
+    if isinstance(location, str):
+        # Safe conversion is necessary here as we might redirect
+        # to a broken URI scheme (for instance itms-services).
+        from .urls import iri_to_uri
+
+        location = iri_to_uri(location, safe_conversion=True)
+    response = Response(  # type: ignore
+        '<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">\n'
+        "<title>Redirecting...</title>\n"
+        "<h1>Redirecting...</h1>\n"
+        "<p>You should be redirected automatically to target URL: "
+        f'<a href="{html.escape(location)}">{display_location}</a>. If'
+        " not click the link.",
+        code,
+        mimetype="text/html",
+    )
+    response.headers["Location"] = location
+    return response
+
+
+def append_slash_redirect(environ: "WSGIEnvironment", code: int = 301) -> "Response":
+    """Redirects to the same URL but with a slash appended.  The behavior
+    of this function is undefined if the path ends with a slash already.
+
+    :param environ: the WSGI environment for the request that triggers
+                    the redirect.
+    :param code: the status code for the redirect.
+    """
+    new_path = environ["PATH_INFO"].strip("/") + "/"
+    query_string = environ.get("QUERY_STRING")
+    if query_string:
+        new_path += f"?{query_string}"
+    return redirect(new_path, code)
+
+
+def send_file(
+    path_or_file: t.Union[os.PathLike, str, t.IO[bytes]],
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+    mimetype: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    as_attachment: bool = False,
+    download_name: t.Optional[str] = None,
+    conditional: bool = True,
+    etag: t.Union[bool, str] = True,
+    last_modified: t.Optional[t.Union[datetime, int, float]] = None,
+    max_age: t.Optional[
+        t.Union[int, t.Callable[[t.Optional[str]], t.Optional[int]]]
+    ] = None,
+    use_x_sendfile: bool = False,
+    response_class: t.Optional[t.Type["Response"]] = None,
+    _root_path: t.Optional[t.Union[os.PathLike, str]] = None,
+) -> "Response":
+    """Send the contents of a file to the client.
+
+    The first argument can be a file path or a file-like object. Paths
+    are preferred in most cases because Werkzeug can manage the file and
+    get extra information from the path. Passing a file-like object
+    requires that the file is opened in binary mode, and is mostly
+    useful when building a file in memory with :class:`io.BytesIO`.
+
+    Never pass file paths provided by a user. The path is assumed to be
+    trusted, so a user could craft a path to access a file you didn't
+    intend.
+
+    If the WSGI server sets a ``file_wrapper`` in ``environ``, it is
+    used, otherwise Werkzeug's built-in wrapper is used. Alternatively,
+    if the HTTP server supports ``X-Sendfile``, ``use_x_sendfile=True``
+    will tell the server to send the given path, which is much more
+    efficient than reading it in Python.
+
+    :param path_or_file: The path to the file to send, relative to the
+        current working directory if a relative path is given.
+        Alternatively, a file-like object opened in binary mode. Make
+        sure the file pointer is seeked to the start of the data.
+    :param environ: The WSGI environ for the current request.
+    :param mimetype: The MIME type to send for the file. If not
+        provided, it will try to detect it from the file name.
+    :param as_attachment: Indicate to a browser that it should offer to
+        save the file instead of displaying it.
+    :param download_name: The default name browsers will use when saving
+        the file. Defaults to the passed file name.
+    :param conditional: Enable conditional and range responses based on
+        request headers. Requires passing a file path and ``environ``.
+    :param etag: Calculate an ETag for the file, which requires passing
+        a file path. Can also be a string to use instead.
+    :param last_modified: The last modified time to send for the file,
+        in seconds. If not provided, it will try to detect it from the
+        file path.
+    :param max_age: How long the client should cache the file, in
+        seconds. If set, ``Cache-Control`` will be ``public``, otherwise
+        it will be ``no-cache`` to prefer conditional caching.
+    :param use_x_sendfile: Set the ``X-Sendfile`` header to let the
+        server to efficiently send the file. Requires support from the
+        HTTP server. Requires passing a file path.
+    :param response_class: Build the response using this class. Defaults
+        to :class:`~werkzeug.wrappers.Response`.
+    :param _root_path: Do not use. For internal use only. Use
+        :func:`send_from_directory` to safely send files under a path.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0.2
+        ``send_file`` only sets a detected ``Content-Encoding`` if
+        ``as_attachment`` is disabled.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        Adapted from Flask's implementation.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``download_name`` replaces Flask's ``attachment_filename``
+         parameter. If ``as_attachment=False``, it is passed with
+         ``Content-Disposition: inline`` instead.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``max_age`` replaces Flask's ``cache_timeout`` parameter.
+        ``conditional`` is enabled and ``max_age`` is not set by
+        default.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        ``etag`` replaces Flask's ``add_etags`` parameter. It can be a
+        string to use instead of generating one.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        If an encoding is returned when guessing ``mimetype`` from
+        ``download_name``, set the ``Content-Encoding`` header.
+    """
+    if response_class is None:
+        from .wrappers import Response
+
+        response_class = Response
+
+    path: t.Optional[str] = None
+    file: t.Optional[t.IO[bytes]] = None
+    size: t.Optional[int] = None
+    mtime: t.Optional[float] = None
+    headers = Headers()
+
+    if isinstance(path_or_file, (os.PathLike, str)) or hasattr(
+        path_or_file, "__fspath__"
+    ):
+        path_or_file = t.cast(t.Union[os.PathLike, str], path_or_file)
+
+        # Flask will pass app.root_path, allowing its send_file wrapper
+        # to not have to deal with paths.
+        if _root_path is not None:
+            path = os.path.join(_root_path, path_or_file)
+        else:
+            path = os.path.abspath(path_or_file)
+
+        stat = os.stat(path)
+        size = stat.st_size
+        mtime = stat.st_mtime
+    else:
+        file = path_or_file
+
+    if download_name is None and path is not None:
+        download_name = os.path.basename(path)
+
+    if mimetype is None:
+        if download_name is None:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Unable to detect the MIME type because a file name is"
+                " not available. Either set 'download_name', pass a"
+                " path instead of a file, or set 'mimetype'."
+            )
+
+        mimetype, encoding = mimetypes.guess_type(download_name)
+
+        if mimetype is None:
+            mimetype = "application/octet-stream"
+
+        # Don't send encoding for attachments, it causes browsers to
+        # save decompress tar.gz files.
+        if encoding is not None and not as_attachment:
+            headers.set("Content-Encoding", encoding)
+
+    if download_name is not None:
+        try:
+            download_name.encode("ascii")
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            simple = unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", download_name)
+            simple = simple.encode("ascii", "ignore").decode("ascii")
+            quoted = url_quote(download_name, safe="")
+            names = {"filename": simple, "filename*": f"UTF-8''{quoted}"}
+        else:
+            names = {"filename": download_name}
+
+        value = "attachment" if as_attachment else "inline"
+        headers.set("Content-Disposition", value, **names)
+    elif as_attachment:
+        raise TypeError(
+            "No name provided for attachment. Either set"
+            " 'download_name' or pass a path instead of a file."
+        )
+
+    if use_x_sendfile and path is not None:
+        headers["X-Sendfile"] = path
+        data = None
+    else:
+        if file is None:
+            file = open(path, "rb")  # type: ignore
+        elif isinstance(file, io.BytesIO):
+            size = file.getbuffer().nbytes
+        elif isinstance(file, io.TextIOBase):
+            raise ValueError("Files must be opened in binary mode or use BytesIO.")
+
+        data = wrap_file(environ, file)
+
+    rv = response_class(
+        data, mimetype=mimetype, headers=headers, direct_passthrough=True
+    )
+
+    if size is not None:
+        rv.content_length = size
+
+    if last_modified is not None:
+        rv.last_modified = last_modified  # type: ignore
+    elif mtime is not None:
+        rv.last_modified = mtime  # type: ignore
+
+    rv.cache_control.no_cache = True
+
+    # Flask will pass app.get_send_file_max_age, allowing its send_file
+    # wrapper to not have to deal with paths.
+    if callable(max_age):
+        max_age = max_age(path)
+
+    if max_age is not None:
+        if max_age > 0:
+            rv.cache_control.no_cache = None
+            rv.cache_control.public = True
+
+        rv.cache_control.max_age = max_age
+        rv.expires = int(time() + max_age)  # type: ignore
+
+    if isinstance(etag, str):
+        rv.set_etag(etag)
+    elif etag and path is not None:
+        check = adler32(path.encode("utf-8")) & 0xFFFFFFFF
+        rv.set_etag(f"{mtime}-{size}-{check}")
+
+    if conditional:
+        try:
+            rv = rv.make_conditional(environ, accept_ranges=True, complete_length=size)
+        except RequestedRangeNotSatisfiable:
+            if file is not None:
+                file.close()
+
+            raise
+
+        # Some x-sendfile implementations incorrectly ignore the 304
+        # status code and send the file anyway.
+        if rv.status_code == 304:
+            rv.headers.pop("x-sendfile", None)
+
+    return rv
+
+
+def send_from_directory(
+    directory: t.Union[os.PathLike, str],
+    path: t.Union[os.PathLike, str],
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+    **kwargs: t.Any,
+) -> "Response":
+    """Send a file from within a directory using :func:`send_file`.
+
+    This is a secure way to serve files from a folder, such as static
+    files or uploads. Uses :func:`~werkzeug.security.safe_join` to
+    ensure the path coming from the client is not maliciously crafted to
+    point outside the specified directory.
+
+    If the final path does not point to an existing regular file,
+    returns a 404 :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.NotFound` error.
+
+    :param directory: The directory that ``path`` must be located under.
+    :param path: The path to the file to send, relative to
+        ``directory``.
+    :param environ: The WSGI environ for the current request.
+    :param kwargs: Arguments to pass to :func:`send_file`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 2.0
+        Adapted from Flask's implementation.
+    """
+    path = safe_join(os.fspath(directory), os.fspath(path))
+
+    if path is None:
+        raise NotFound()
+
+    # Flask will pass app.root_path, allowing its send_from_directory
+    # wrapper to not have to deal with paths.
+    if "_root_path" in kwargs:
+        path = os.path.join(kwargs["_root_path"], path)
+
+    try:
+        if not os.path.isfile(path):
+            raise NotFound()
+    except ValueError:
+        # path contains null byte on Python < 3.8
+        raise NotFound() from None
+
+    return send_file(path, environ, **kwargs)
+
+
+def import_string(import_name: str, silent: bool = False) -> t.Any:
+    """Imports an object based on a string.  This is useful if you want to
+    use import paths as endpoints or something similar.  An import path can
+    be specified either in dotted notation (``xml.sax.saxutils.escape``)
+    or with a colon as object delimiter (``xml.sax.saxutils:escape``).
+
+    If `silent` is True the return value will be `None` if the import fails.
+
+    :param import_name: the dotted name for the object to import.
+    :param silent: if set to `True` import errors are ignored and
+                   `None` is returned instead.
+    :return: imported object
+    """
+    import_name = import_name.replace(":", ".")
+    try:
+        try:
+            __import__(import_name)
+        except ImportError:
+            if "." not in import_name:
+                raise
+        else:
+            return sys.modules[import_name]
+
+        module_name, obj_name = import_name.rsplit(".", 1)
+        module = __import__(module_name, globals(), locals(), [obj_name])
+        try:
+            return getattr(module, obj_name)
+        except AttributeError as e:
+            raise ImportError(e) from None
+
+    except ImportError as e:
+        if not silent:
+            raise ImportStringError(import_name, e).with_traceback(
+                sys.exc_info()[2]
+            ) from None
+
+    return None
+
+
+def find_modules(
+    import_path: str, include_packages: bool = False, recursive: bool = False
+) -> t.Iterator[str]:
+    """Finds all the modules below a package.  This can be useful to
+    automatically import all views / controllers so that their metaclasses /
+    function decorators have a chance to register themselves on the
+    application.
+
+    Packages are not returned unless `include_packages` is `True`.  This can
+    also recursively list modules but in that case it will import all the
+    packages to get the correct load path of that module.
+
+    :param import_path: the dotted name for the package to find child modules.
+    :param include_packages: set to `True` if packages should be returned, too.
+    :param recursive: set to `True` if recursion should happen.
+    :return: generator
+    """
+    module = import_string(import_path)
+    path = getattr(module, "__path__", None)
+    if path is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"{import_path!r} is not a package")
+    basename = f"{module.__name__}."
+    for _importer, modname, ispkg in pkgutil.iter_modules(path):
+        modname = basename + modname
+        if ispkg:
+            if include_packages:
+                yield modname
+            if recursive:
+                yield from find_modules(modname, include_packages, True)
+        else:
+            yield modname
+
+
+def validate_arguments(func, args, kwargs, drop_extra=True):  # type: ignore
+    """Checks if the function accepts the arguments and keyword arguments.
+    Returns a new ``(args, kwargs)`` tuple that can safely be passed to
+    the function without causing a `TypeError` because the function signature
+    is incompatible.  If `drop_extra` is set to `True` (which is the default)
+    any extra positional or keyword arguments are dropped automatically.
+
+    The exception raised provides three attributes:
+
+    `missing`
+        A set of argument names that the function expected but where
+        missing.
+
+    `extra`
+        A dict of keyword arguments that the function can not handle but
+        where provided.
+
+    `extra_positional`
+        A list of values that where given by positional argument but the
+        function cannot accept.
+
+    This can be useful for decorators that forward user submitted data to
+    a view function::
+
+        from werkzeug.utils import ArgumentValidationError, validate_arguments
+
+        def sanitize(f):
+            def proxy(request):
+                data = request.values.to_dict()
+                try:
+                    args, kwargs = validate_arguments(f, (request,), data)
+                except ArgumentValidationError:
+                    raise BadRequest('The browser failed to transmit all '
+                                     'the data expected.')
+                return f(*args, **kwargs)
+            return proxy
+
+    :param func: the function the validation is performed against.
+    :param args: a tuple of positional arguments.
+    :param kwargs: a dict of keyword arguments.
+    :param drop_extra: set to `False` if you don't want extra arguments
+                       to be silently dropped.
+    :return: tuple in the form ``(args, kwargs)``.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use :func:`inspect.signature`
+        instead.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'utils.validate_arguments' is deprecated and will be removed"
+        " in Werkzeug 2.1. Use 'inspect.signature' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    parser = _parse_signature(func)
+    args, kwargs, missing, extra, extra_positional = parser(args, kwargs)[:5]
+    if missing:
+        raise ArgumentValidationError(tuple(missing))
+    elif (extra or extra_positional) and not drop_extra:
+        raise ArgumentValidationError(None, extra, extra_positional)
+    return tuple(args), kwargs
+
+
+def bind_arguments(func, args, kwargs):  # type: ignore
+    """Bind the arguments provided into a dict.  When passed a function,
+    a tuple of arguments and a dict of keyword arguments `bind_arguments`
+    returns a dict of names as the function would see it.  This can be useful
+    to implement a cache decorator that uses the function arguments to build
+    the cache key based on the values of the arguments.
+
+    :param func: the function the arguments should be bound for.
+    :param args: tuple of positional arguments.
+    :param kwargs: a dict of keyword arguments.
+    :return: a :class:`dict` of bound keyword arguments.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Use :meth:`Signature.bind`
+        instead.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(
+        "'utils.bind_arguments' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+        " Werkzeug 2.1. Use 'Signature.bind' instead.",
+        DeprecationWarning,
+        stacklevel=2,
+    )
+    (
+        args,
+        kwargs,
+        missing,
+        extra,
+        extra_positional,
+        arg_spec,
+        vararg_var,
+        kwarg_var,
+    ) = _parse_signature(func)(args, kwargs)
+    values = {}
+    for (name, _has_default, _default), value in zip(arg_spec, args):
+        values[name] = value
+    if vararg_var is not None:
+        values[vararg_var] = tuple(extra_positional)
+    elif extra_positional:
+        raise TypeError("too many positional arguments")
+    if kwarg_var is not None:
+        multikw = set(extra) & {x[0] for x in arg_spec}
+        if multikw:
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"got multiple values for keyword argument {next(iter(multikw))!r}"
+            )
+        values[kwarg_var] = extra
+    elif extra:
+        raise TypeError(f"got unexpected keyword argument {next(iter(extra))!r}")
+    return values
+
+
+class ArgumentValidationError(ValueError):
+    """Raised if :func:`validate_arguments` fails to validate
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1 along with ``utils.bind`` and
+        ``validate_arguments``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, missing=None, extra=None, extra_positional=None):  # type: ignore
+        self.missing = set(missing or ())
+        self.extra = extra or {}
+        self.extra_positional = extra_positional or []
+        super().__init__(
+            "function arguments invalid."
+            f" ({len(self.missing)} missing,"
+            f" {len(self.extra) + len(self.extra_positional)} additional)"
+        )
+
+
+class ImportStringError(ImportError):
+    """Provides information about a failed :func:`import_string` attempt."""
+
+    #: String in dotted notation that failed to be imported.
+    import_name: str
+    #: Wrapped exception.
+    exception: BaseException
+
+    def __init__(self, import_name: str, exception: BaseException) -> None:
+        self.import_name = import_name
+        self.exception = exception
+        msg = import_name
+        name = ""
+        tracked = []
+        for part in import_name.replace(":", ".").split("."):
+            name = f"{name}.{part}" if name else part
+            imported = import_string(name, silent=True)
+            if imported:
+                tracked.append((name, getattr(imported, "__file__", None)))
+            else:
+                track = [f"- {n!r} found in {i!r}." for n, i in tracked]
+                track.append(f"- {name!r} not found.")
+                track_str = "\n".join(track)
+                msg = (
+                    f"import_string() failed for {import_name!r}. Possible reasons"
+                    f" are:\n\n"
+                    "- missing __init__.py in a package;\n"
+                    "- package or module path not included in sys.path;\n"
+                    "- duplicated package or module name taking precedence in"
+                    " sys.path;\n"
+                    "- missing module, class, function or variable;\n\n"
+                    f"Debugged import:\n\n{track_str}\n\n"
+                    f"Original exception:\n\n{type(exception).__name__}: {exception}"
+                )
+                break
+
+        super().__init__(msg)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__}({self.import_name!r}, {self.exception!r})>"
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb69a99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from .accept import AcceptMixin
+from .auth import AuthorizationMixin
+from .auth import WWWAuthenticateMixin
+from .base_request import BaseRequest
+from .base_response import BaseResponse
+from .common_descriptors import CommonRequestDescriptorsMixin
+from .common_descriptors import CommonResponseDescriptorsMixin
+from .etag import ETagRequestMixin
+from .etag import ETagResponseMixin
+from .request import PlainRequest
+from .request import Request as Request
+from .request import StreamOnlyMixin
+from .response import Response as Response
+from .response import ResponseStream
+from .response import ResponseStreamMixin
+from .user_agent import UserAgentMixin
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diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/accept.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/accept.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9605e63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/accept.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+
+class AcceptMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'AcceptMixin' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. 'Request' now includes the functionality"
+            " directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/auth.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/auth.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da31b7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/auth.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+
+class AuthorizationMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'AuthorizationMixin' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. 'Request' now includes the functionality"
+            " directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+
+
+class WWWAuthenticateMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'WWWAuthenticateMixin' is deprecated and will be removed"
+            " in Werkzeug 2.1. 'Response' now includes the"
+            " functionality directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/base_request.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/base_request.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..451989f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/base_request.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+from .request import Request
+
+
+class _FakeSubclassCheck(type):
+    def __subclasscheck__(cls, subclass: t.Type) -> bool:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'BaseRequest' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. Use 'issubclass(cls, Request)' instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return issubclass(subclass, Request)
+
+    def __instancecheck__(cls, instance: t.Any) -> bool:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'BaseRequest' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. Use 'isinstance(obj, Request)' instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return isinstance(instance, Request)
+
+
+class BaseRequest(Request, metaclass=_FakeSubclassCheck):
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'BaseRequest' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. 'Request' now includes the functionality"
+            " directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/base_response.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/base_response.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e0dc67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/base_response.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+from .response import Response
+
+
+class _FakeSubclassCheck(type):
+    def __subclasscheck__(cls, subclass: t.Type) -> bool:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'BaseResponse' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. Use 'issubclass(cls, Response)' instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return issubclass(subclass, Response)
+
+    def __instancecheck__(cls, instance: t.Any) -> bool:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'BaseResponse' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. Use 'isinstance(obj, Response)' instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        return isinstance(instance, Response)
+
+
+class BaseResponse(Response, metaclass=_FakeSubclassCheck):
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'BaseResponse' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. 'Response' now includes the functionality"
+            " directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/common_descriptors.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/common_descriptors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db87ea5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/common_descriptors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+
+class CommonRequestDescriptorsMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'CommonRequestDescriptorsMixin' is deprecated and will be"
+            " removed in Werkzeug 2.1. 'Request' now includes the"
+            " functionality directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+
+
+class CommonResponseDescriptorsMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'CommonResponseDescriptorsMixin' is deprecated and will be"
+            " removed in Werkzeug 2.1. 'Response' now includes the"
+            " functionality directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/cors.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/cors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..89cf83e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/cors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+
+class CORSRequestMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'CORSRequestMixin' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. 'Request' now includes the functionality"
+            " directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+
+
+class CORSResponseMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'CORSResponseMixin' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. 'Response' now includes the functionality"
+            " directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/etag.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/etag.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e9015a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/etag.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+
+class ETagRequestMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'ETagRequestMixin' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. 'Request' now includes the functionality"
+            " directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+
+
+class ETagResponseMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'ETagResponseMixin' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. 'Response' now includes the functionality"
+            " directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/json.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/json.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab6ed7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/json.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+
+class JSONMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'JSONMixin' is deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug"
+            " 2.1. 'Request' now includes the functionality directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/request.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/request.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..700cda0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/request.py
@@ -0,0 +1,660 @@
+import functools
+import json
+import typing
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from io import BytesIO
+
+from .._internal import _wsgi_decoding_dance
+from ..datastructures import CombinedMultiDict
+from ..datastructures import EnvironHeaders
+from ..datastructures import FileStorage
+from ..datastructures import ImmutableMultiDict
+from ..datastructures import iter_multi_items
+from ..datastructures import MultiDict
+from ..formparser import default_stream_factory
+from ..formparser import FormDataParser
+from ..sansio.request import Request as _SansIORequest
+from ..utils import cached_property
+from ..utils import environ_property
+from ..wsgi import _get_server
+from ..wsgi import get_input_stream
+from werkzeug.exceptions import BadRequest
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+class Request(_SansIORequest):
+    """Represents an incoming WSGI HTTP request, with headers and body
+    taken from the WSGI environment. Has properties and methods for
+    using the functionality defined by various HTTP specs. The data in
+    requests object is read-only.
+
+    Text data is assumed to use UTF-8 encoding, which should be true for
+    the vast majority of modern clients. Using an encoding set by the
+    client is unsafe in Python due to extra encodings it provides, such
+    as ``zip``. To change the assumed encoding, subclass and replace
+    :attr:`charset`.
+
+    :param environ: The WSGI environ is generated by the WSGI server and
+        contains information about the server configuration and client
+        request.
+    :param populate_request: Add this request object to the WSGI environ
+        as ``environ['werkzeug.request']``. Can be useful when
+        debugging.
+    :param shallow: Makes reading from :attr:`stream` (and any method
+        that would read from it) raise a :exc:`RuntimeError`. Useful to
+        prevent consuming the form data in middleware, which would make
+        it unavailable to the final application.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Combine ``BaseRequest`` and mixins into a single ``Request``
+        class. Using the old classes is deprecated and will be removed
+        in Werkzeug 2.1.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+        Read-only mode is enforced with immutable classes for all data.
+    """
+
+    #: the maximum content length.  This is forwarded to the form data
+    #: parsing function (:func:`parse_form_data`).  When set and the
+    #: :attr:`form` or :attr:`files` attribute is accessed and the
+    #: parsing fails because more than the specified value is transmitted
+    #: a :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.RequestEntityTooLarge` exception is raised.
+    #:
+    #: Have a look at :doc:`/request_data` for more details.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.5
+    max_content_length: t.Optional[int] = None
+
+    #: the maximum form field size.  This is forwarded to the form data
+    #: parsing function (:func:`parse_form_data`).  When set and the
+    #: :attr:`form` or :attr:`files` attribute is accessed and the
+    #: data in memory for post data is longer than the specified value a
+    #: :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.RequestEntityTooLarge` exception is raised.
+    #:
+    #: Have a look at :doc:`/request_data` for more details.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.5
+    max_form_memory_size: t.Optional[int] = None
+
+    #: The form data parser that shoud be used.  Can be replaced to customize
+    #: the form date parsing.
+    form_data_parser_class: t.Type[FormDataParser] = FormDataParser
+
+    #: Disable the :attr:`data` property to avoid reading from the input
+    #: stream.
+    #:
+    #: .. deprecated:: 2.0
+    #:     Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Create the request with
+    #:     ``shallow=True`` instead.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    disable_data_descriptor: t.Optional[bool] = None
+
+    #: The WSGI environment containing HTTP headers and information from
+    #: the WSGI server.
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment"
+
+    #: Set when creating the request object. If ``True``, reading from
+    #: the request body will cause a ``RuntimeException``. Useful to
+    #: prevent modifying the stream from middleware.
+    shallow: bool
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+        populate_request: bool = True,
+        shallow: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            method=environ.get("REQUEST_METHOD", "GET"),
+            scheme=environ.get("wsgi.url_scheme", "http"),
+            server=_get_server(environ),
+            root_path=_wsgi_decoding_dance(
+                environ.get("SCRIPT_NAME") or "", self.charset, self.encoding_errors
+            ),
+            path=_wsgi_decoding_dance(
+                environ.get("PATH_INFO") or "", self.charset, self.encoding_errors
+            ),
+            query_string=environ.get("QUERY_STRING", "").encode("latin1"),
+            headers=EnvironHeaders(environ),
+            remote_addr=environ.get("REMOTE_ADDR"),
+        )
+        self.environ = environ
+
+        if self.disable_data_descriptor is not None:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "'disable_data_descriptor' is deprecated and will be"
+                " removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Create the request with"
+                " 'shallow=True' instead.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            shallow = shallow or self.disable_data_descriptor
+
+        self.shallow = shallow
+
+        if populate_request and not shallow:
+            self.environ["werkzeug.request"] = self
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_values(cls, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> "Request":
+        """Create a new request object based on the values provided.  If
+        environ is given missing values are filled from there.  This method is
+        useful for small scripts when you need to simulate a request from an URL.
+        Do not use this method for unittesting, there is a full featured client
+        object (:class:`Client`) that allows to create multipart requests,
+        support for cookies etc.
+
+        This accepts the same options as the
+        :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+           This method now accepts the same arguments as
+           :class:`~werkzeug.test.EnvironBuilder`.  Because of this the
+           `environ` parameter is now called `environ_overrides`.
+
+        :return: request object
+        """
+        from ..test import EnvironBuilder
+
+        charset = kwargs.pop("charset", cls.charset)
+        kwargs["charset"] = charset
+        builder = EnvironBuilder(*args, **kwargs)
+        try:
+            return builder.get_request(cls)
+        finally:
+            builder.close()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def application(
+        cls, f: t.Callable[["Request"], "WSGIApplication"]
+    ) -> "WSGIApplication":
+        """Decorate a function as responder that accepts the request as
+        the last argument.  This works like the :func:`responder`
+        decorator but the function is passed the request object as the
+        last argument and the request object will be closed
+        automatically::
+
+            @Request.application
+            def my_wsgi_app(request):
+                return Response('Hello World!')
+
+        As of Werkzeug 0.14 HTTP exceptions are automatically caught and
+        converted to responses instead of failing.
+
+        :param f: the WSGI callable to decorate
+        :return: a new WSGI callable
+        """
+        #: return a callable that wraps the -2nd argument with the request
+        #: and calls the function with all the arguments up to that one and
+        #: the request.  The return value is then called with the latest
+        #: two arguments.  This makes it possible to use this decorator for
+        #: both standalone WSGI functions as well as bound methods and
+        #: partially applied functions.
+        from ..exceptions import HTTPException
+
+        @functools.wraps(f)
+        def application(*args):  # type: ignore
+            request = cls(args[-2])
+            with request:
+                try:
+                    resp = f(*args[:-2] + (request,))
+                except HTTPException as e:
+                    resp = e.get_response(args[-2])
+                return resp(*args[-2:])
+
+        return t.cast("WSGIApplication", application)
+
+    def _get_file_stream(
+        self,
+        total_content_length: t.Optional[int],
+        content_type: t.Optional[str],
+        filename: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        content_length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> t.IO[bytes]:
+        """Called to get a stream for the file upload.
+
+        This must provide a file-like class with `read()`, `readline()`
+        and `seek()` methods that is both writeable and readable.
+
+        The default implementation returns a temporary file if the total
+        content length is higher than 500KB.  Because many browsers do not
+        provide a content length for the files only the total content
+        length matters.
+
+        :param total_content_length: the total content length of all the
+                                     data in the request combined.  This value
+                                     is guaranteed to be there.
+        :param content_type: the mimetype of the uploaded file.
+        :param filename: the filename of the uploaded file.  May be `None`.
+        :param content_length: the length of this file.  This value is usually
+                               not provided because webbrowsers do not provide
+                               this value.
+        """
+        return default_stream_factory(
+            total_content_length=total_content_length,
+            filename=filename,
+            content_type=content_type,
+            content_length=content_length,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def want_form_data_parsed(self) -> bool:
+        """``True`` if the request method carries content. By default
+        this is true if a ``Content-Type`` is sent.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        """
+        return bool(self.environ.get("CONTENT_TYPE"))
+
+    def make_form_data_parser(self) -> FormDataParser:
+        """Creates the form data parser. Instantiates the
+        :attr:`form_data_parser_class` with some parameters.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        """
+        return self.form_data_parser_class(
+            self._get_file_stream,
+            self.charset,
+            self.encoding_errors,
+            self.max_form_memory_size,
+            self.max_content_length,
+            self.parameter_storage_class,
+        )
+
+    def _load_form_data(self) -> None:
+        """Method used internally to retrieve submitted data.  After calling
+        this sets `form` and `files` on the request object to multi dicts
+        filled with the incoming form data.  As a matter of fact the input
+        stream will be empty afterwards.  You can also call this method to
+        force the parsing of the form data.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.8
+        """
+        # abort early if we have already consumed the stream
+        if "form" in self.__dict__:
+            return
+
+        if self.want_form_data_parsed:
+            parser = self.make_form_data_parser()
+            data = parser.parse(
+                self._get_stream_for_parsing(),
+                self.mimetype,
+                self.content_length,
+                self.mimetype_params,
+            )
+        else:
+            data = (
+                self.stream,
+                self.parameter_storage_class(),
+                self.parameter_storage_class(),
+            )
+
+        # inject the values into the instance dict so that we bypass
+        # our cached_property non-data descriptor.
+        d = self.__dict__
+        d["stream"], d["form"], d["files"] = data
+
+    def _get_stream_for_parsing(self) -> t.IO[bytes]:
+        """This is the same as accessing :attr:`stream` with the difference
+        that if it finds cached data from calling :meth:`get_data` first it
+        will create a new stream out of the cached data.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9.3
+        """
+        cached_data = getattr(self, "_cached_data", None)
+        if cached_data is not None:
+            return BytesIO(cached_data)
+        return self.stream
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Closes associated resources of this request object.  This
+        closes all file handles explicitly.  You can also use the request
+        object in a with statement which will automatically close it.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        """
+        files = self.__dict__.get("files")
+        for _key, value in iter_multi_items(files or ()):
+            value.close()
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "Request":
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb) -> None:  # type: ignore
+        self.close()
+
+    @cached_property
+    def stream(self) -> t.IO[bytes]:
+        """
+        If the incoming form data was not encoded with a known mimetype
+        the data is stored unmodified in this stream for consumption.  Most
+        of the time it is a better idea to use :attr:`data` which will give
+        you that data as a string.  The stream only returns the data once.
+
+        Unlike :attr:`input_stream` this stream is properly guarded that you
+        can't accidentally read past the length of the input.  Werkzeug will
+        internally always refer to this stream to read data which makes it
+        possible to wrap this object with a stream that does filtering.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+           This stream is now always available but might be consumed by the
+           form parser later on.  Previously the stream was only set if no
+           parsing happened.
+        """
+        if self.shallow:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "This request was created with 'shallow=True', reading"
+                " from the input stream is disabled."
+            )
+
+        return get_input_stream(self.environ)
+
+    input_stream = environ_property[t.IO[bytes]](
+        "wsgi.input",
+        doc="""The WSGI input stream.
+
+        In general it's a bad idea to use this one because you can
+        easily read past the boundary.  Use the :attr:`stream`
+        instead.""",
+    )
+
+    @cached_property
+    def data(self) -> bytes:
+        """
+        Contains the incoming request data as string in case it came with
+        a mimetype Werkzeug does not handle.
+        """
+        return self.get_data(parse_form_data=True)
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def get_data(  # type: ignore
+        self,
+        cache: bool = True,
+        as_text: "te.Literal[False]" = False,
+        parse_form_data: bool = False,
+    ) -> bytes:
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def get_data(
+        self,
+        cache: bool = True,
+        as_text: "te.Literal[True]" = ...,
+        parse_form_data: bool = False,
+    ) -> str:
+        ...
+
+    def get_data(
+        self, cache: bool = True, as_text: bool = False, parse_form_data: bool = False
+    ) -> t.Union[bytes, str]:
+        """This reads the buffered incoming data from the client into one
+        bytes object.  By default this is cached but that behavior can be
+        changed by setting `cache` to `False`.
+
+        Usually it's a bad idea to call this method without checking the
+        content length first as a client could send dozens of megabytes or more
+        to cause memory problems on the server.
+
+        Note that if the form data was already parsed this method will not
+        return anything as form data parsing does not cache the data like
+        this method does.  To implicitly invoke form data parsing function
+        set `parse_form_data` to `True`.  When this is done the return value
+        of this method will be an empty string if the form parser handles
+        the data.  This generally is not necessary as if the whole data is
+        cached (which is the default) the form parser will used the cached
+        data to parse the form data.  Please be generally aware of checking
+        the content length first in any case before calling this method
+        to avoid exhausting server memory.
+
+        If `as_text` is set to `True` the return value will be a decoded
+        string.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        """
+        rv = getattr(self, "_cached_data", None)
+        if rv is None:
+            if parse_form_data:
+                self._load_form_data()
+            rv = self.stream.read()
+            if cache:
+                self._cached_data = rv
+        if as_text:
+            rv = rv.decode(self.charset, self.encoding_errors)
+        return rv  # type: ignore
+
+    @cached_property
+    def form(self) -> "ImmutableMultiDict[str, str]":
+        """The form parameters.  By default an
+        :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.ImmutableMultiDict`
+        is returned from this function.  This can be changed by setting
+        :attr:`parameter_storage_class` to a different type.  This might
+        be necessary if the order of the form data is important.
+
+        Please keep in mind that file uploads will not end up here, but instead
+        in the :attr:`files` attribute.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+
+            Previous to Werkzeug 0.9 this would only contain form data for POST
+            and PUT requests.
+        """
+        self._load_form_data()
+        return self.form
+
+    @cached_property
+    def values(self) -> "CombinedMultiDict[str, str]":
+        """A :class:`werkzeug.datastructures.CombinedMultiDict` that
+        combines :attr:`args` and :attr:`form`.
+
+        For GET requests, only ``args`` are present, not ``form``.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            For GET requests, only ``args`` are present, not ``form``.
+        """
+        sources = [self.args]
+
+        if self.method != "GET":
+            # GET requests can have a body, and some caching proxies
+            # might not treat that differently than a normal GET
+            # request, allowing form data to "invisibly" affect the
+            # cache without indication in the query string / URL.
+            sources.append(self.form)
+
+        args = []
+
+        for d in sources:
+            if not isinstance(d, MultiDict):
+                d = MultiDict(d)
+
+            args.append(d)
+
+        return CombinedMultiDict(args)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def files(self) -> "ImmutableMultiDict[str, FileStorage]":
+        """:class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.MultiDict` object containing
+        all uploaded files.  Each key in :attr:`files` is the name from the
+        ``<input type="file" name="">``.  Each value in :attr:`files` is a
+        Werkzeug :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.FileStorage` object.
+
+        It basically behaves like a standard file object you know from Python,
+        with the difference that it also has a
+        :meth:`~werkzeug.datastructures.FileStorage.save` function that can
+        store the file on the filesystem.
+
+        Note that :attr:`files` will only contain data if the request method was
+        POST, PUT or PATCH and the ``<form>`` that posted to the request had
+        ``enctype="multipart/form-data"``.  It will be empty otherwise.
+
+        See the :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.MultiDict` /
+        :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.FileStorage` documentation for
+        more details about the used data structure.
+        """
+        self._load_form_data()
+        return self.files
+
+    @property
+    def script_root(self) -> str:
+        """Alias for :attr:`self.root_path`. ``environ["SCRIPT_ROOT"]``
+        without a trailing slash.
+        """
+        return self.root_path
+
+    @cached_property
+    def url_root(self) -> str:
+        """Alias for :attr:`root_url`. The URL with scheme, host, and
+        root path. For example, ``https://example.com/app/``.
+        """
+        return self.root_url
+
+    remote_user = environ_property[str](
+        "REMOTE_USER",
+        doc="""If the server supports user authentication, and the
+        script is protected, this attribute contains the username the
+        user has authenticated as.""",
+    )
+    is_multithread = environ_property[bool](
+        "wsgi.multithread",
+        doc="""boolean that is `True` if the application is served by a
+        multithreaded WSGI server.""",
+    )
+    is_multiprocess = environ_property[bool](
+        "wsgi.multiprocess",
+        doc="""boolean that is `True` if the application is served by a
+        WSGI server that spawns multiple processes.""",
+    )
+    is_run_once = environ_property[bool](
+        "wsgi.run_once",
+        doc="""boolean that is `True` if the application will be
+        executed only once in a process lifetime.  This is the case for
+        CGI for example, but it's not guaranteed that the execution only
+        happens one time.""",
+    )
+
+    # JSON
+
+    #: A module or other object that has ``dumps`` and ``loads``
+    #: functions that match the API of the built-in :mod:`json` module.
+    json_module = json
+
+    @property
+    def json(self) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        """The parsed JSON data if :attr:`mimetype` indicates JSON
+        (:mimetype:`application/json`, see :attr:`is_json`).
+
+        Calls :meth:`get_json` with default arguments.
+        """
+        return self.get_json()
+
+    # Cached values for ``(silent=False, silent=True)``. Initialized
+    # with sentinel values.
+    _cached_json: t.Tuple[t.Any, t.Any] = (Ellipsis, Ellipsis)
+
+    def get_json(
+        self, force: bool = False, silent: bool = False, cache: bool = True
+    ) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        """Parse :attr:`data` as JSON.
+
+        If the mimetype does not indicate JSON
+        (:mimetype:`application/json`, see :attr:`is_json`), this
+        returns ``None``.
+
+        If parsing fails, :meth:`on_json_loading_failed` is called and
+        its return value is used as the return value.
+
+        :param force: Ignore the mimetype and always try to parse JSON.
+        :param silent: Silence parsing errors and return ``None``
+            instead.
+        :param cache: Store the parsed JSON to return for subsequent
+            calls.
+        """
+        if cache and self._cached_json[silent] is not Ellipsis:
+            return self._cached_json[silent]
+
+        if not (force or self.is_json):
+            return None
+
+        data = self.get_data(cache=cache)
+
+        try:
+            rv = self.json_module.loads(data)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            if silent:
+                rv = None
+
+                if cache:
+                    normal_rv, _ = self._cached_json
+                    self._cached_json = (normal_rv, rv)
+            else:
+                rv = self.on_json_loading_failed(e)
+
+                if cache:
+                    _, silent_rv = self._cached_json
+                    self._cached_json = (rv, silent_rv)
+        else:
+            if cache:
+                self._cached_json = (rv, rv)
+
+        return rv
+
+    def on_json_loading_failed(self, e: ValueError) -> t.Any:
+        """Called if :meth:`get_json` parsing fails and isn't silenced.
+        If this method returns a value, it is used as the return value
+        for :meth:`get_json`. The default implementation raises
+        :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.BadRequest`.
+        """
+        raise BadRequest(f"Failed to decode JSON object: {e}")
+
+
+class StreamOnlyMixin:
+    """Mixin to create a ``Request`` that disables the ``data``,
+    ``form``, and ``files`` properties. Only ``stream`` is available.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Create the request with
+        ``shallow=True`` instead.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'StreamOnlyMixin' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. Create the request with 'shallow=True'"
+            " instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        kwargs["shallow"] = True
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
+
+
+class PlainRequest(StreamOnlyMixin, Request):
+    """A request object without ``data``, ``form``, and ``files``.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 2.0
+        Will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1. Create the request with
+        ``shallow=True`` instead.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'PlainRequest' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. Create the request with 'shallow=True'"
+            " instead.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+        # Don't show the DeprecationWarning for StreamOnlyMixin.
+        with warnings.catch_warnings():
+            warnings.simplefilter("ignore", DeprecationWarning)
+            super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/response.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/response.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d365c4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/response.py
@@ -0,0 +1,890 @@
+import json
+import typing
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+from http import HTTPStatus
+
+from .._internal import _to_bytes
+from ..datastructures import Headers
+from ..http import remove_entity_headers
+from ..sansio.response import Response as _SansIOResponse
+from ..urls import iri_to_uri
+from ..urls import url_join
+from ..utils import cached_property
+from ..wsgi import ClosingIterator
+from ..wsgi import get_current_url
+from werkzeug._internal import _get_environ
+from werkzeug.http import generate_etag
+from werkzeug.http import http_date
+from werkzeug.http import is_resource_modified
+from werkzeug.http import parse_etags
+from werkzeug.http import parse_range_header
+from werkzeug.wsgi import _RangeWrapper
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import typing_extensions as te
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import StartResponse
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+def _warn_if_string(iterable: t.Iterable) -> None:
+    """Helper for the response objects to check if the iterable returned
+    to the WSGI server is not a string.
+    """
+    if isinstance(iterable, str):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Response iterable was set to a string. This will appear to"
+            " work but means that the server will send the data to the"
+            " client one character at a time. This is almost never"
+            " intended behavior, use 'response.data' to assign strings"
+            " to the response object.",
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+
+
+def _iter_encoded(
+    iterable: t.Iterable[t.Union[str, bytes]], charset: str
+) -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+    for item in iterable:
+        if isinstance(item, str):
+            yield item.encode(charset)
+        else:
+            yield item
+
+
+def _clean_accept_ranges(accept_ranges: t.Union[bool, str]) -> str:
+    if accept_ranges is True:
+        return "bytes"
+    elif accept_ranges is False:
+        return "none"
+    elif isinstance(accept_ranges, str):
+        return accept_ranges
+    raise ValueError("Invalid accept_ranges value")
+
+
+class Response(_SansIOResponse):
+    """Represents an outgoing WSGI HTTP response with body, status, and
+    headers. Has properties and methods for using the functionality
+    defined by various HTTP specs.
+
+    The response body is flexible to support different use cases. The
+    simple form is passing bytes, or a string which will be encoded as
+    UTF-8. Passing an iterable of bytes or strings makes this a
+    streaming response. A generator is particularly useful for building
+    a CSV file in memory or using SSE (Server Sent Events). A file-like
+    object is also iterable, although the
+    :func:`~werkzeug.utils.send_file` helper should be used in that
+    case.
+
+    The response object is itself a WSGI application callable. When
+    called (:meth:`__call__`) with ``environ`` and ``start_response``,
+    it will pass its status and headers to ``start_response`` then
+    return its body as an iterable.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        from werkzeug.wrappers.response import Response
+
+        def index():
+            return Response("Hello, World!")
+
+        def application(environ, start_response):
+            path = environ.get("PATH_INFO") or "/"
+
+            if path == "/":
+                response = index()
+            else:
+                response = Response("Not Found", status=404)
+
+            return response(environ, start_response)
+
+    :param response: The data for the body of the response. A string or
+        bytes, or tuple or list of strings or bytes, for a fixed-length
+        response, or any other iterable of strings or bytes for a
+        streaming response. Defaults to an empty body.
+    :param status: The status code for the response. Either an int, in
+        which case the default status message is added, or a string in
+        the form ``{code} {message}``, like ``404 Not Found``. Defaults
+        to 200.
+    :param headers: A :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.Headers` object,
+        or a list of ``(key, value)`` tuples that will be converted to a
+        ``Headers`` object.
+    :param mimetype: The mime type (content type without charset or
+        other parameters) of the response. If the value starts with
+        ``text/`` (or matches some other special cases), the charset
+        will be added to create the ``content_type``.
+    :param content_type: The full content type of the response.
+        Overrides building the value from ``mimetype``.
+    :param direct_passthrough: Pass the response body directly through
+        as the WSGI iterable. This can be used when the body is a binary
+        file or other iterator of bytes, to skip some unnecessary
+        checks. Use :func:`~werkzeug.utils.send_file` instead of setting
+        this manually.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+        Combine ``BaseResponse`` and mixins into a single ``Response``
+        class. Using the old classes is deprecated and will be removed
+        in Werkzeug 2.1.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.5
+        The ``direct_passthrough`` parameter was added.
+    """
+
+    #: if set to `False` accessing properties on the response object will
+    #: not try to consume the response iterator and convert it into a list.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.6.2
+    #:
+    #:    That attribute was previously called `implicit_seqence_conversion`.
+    #:    (Notice the typo).  If you did use this feature, you have to adapt
+    #:    your code to the name change.
+    implicit_sequence_conversion = True
+
+    #: Should this response object correct the location header to be RFC
+    #: conformant?  This is true by default.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.8
+    autocorrect_location_header = True
+
+    #: Should this response object automatically set the content-length
+    #: header if possible?  This is true by default.
+    #:
+    #: .. versionadded:: 0.8
+    automatically_set_content_length = True
+
+    #: The response body to send as the WSGI iterable. A list of strings
+    #: or bytes represents a fixed-length response, any other iterable
+    #: is a streaming response. Strings are encoded to bytes as UTF-8.
+    #:
+    #: Do not set to a plain string or bytes, that will cause sending
+    #: the response to be very inefficient as it will iterate one byte
+    #: at a time.
+    response: t.Union[t.Iterable[str], t.Iterable[bytes]]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        response: t.Optional[
+            t.Union[t.Iterable[bytes], bytes, t.Iterable[str], str]
+        ] = None,
+        status: t.Optional[t.Union[int, str, HTTPStatus]] = None,
+        headers: t.Optional[
+            t.Union[
+                t.Mapping[str, t.Union[str, int, t.Iterable[t.Union[str, int]]]],
+                t.Iterable[t.Tuple[str, t.Union[str, int]]],
+            ]
+        ] = None,
+        mimetype: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        content_type: t.Optional[str] = None,
+        direct_passthrough: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            status=status,
+            headers=headers,
+            mimetype=mimetype,
+            content_type=content_type,
+        )
+
+        #: Pass the response body directly through as the WSGI iterable.
+        #: This can be used when the body is a binary file or other
+        #: iterator of bytes, to skip some unnecessary checks. Use
+        #: :func:`~werkzeug.utils.send_file` instead of setting this
+        #: manually.
+        self.direct_passthrough = direct_passthrough
+        self._on_close: t.List[t.Callable[[], t.Any]] = []
+
+        # we set the response after the headers so that if a class changes
+        # the charset attribute, the data is set in the correct charset.
+        if response is None:
+            self.response = []
+        elif isinstance(response, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+            self.set_data(response)
+        else:
+            self.response = response
+
+    def call_on_close(self, func: t.Callable[[], t.Any]) -> t.Callable[[], t.Any]:
+        """Adds a function to the internal list of functions that should
+        be called as part of closing down the response.  Since 0.7 this
+        function also returns the function that was passed so that this
+        can be used as a decorator.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+        """
+        self._on_close.append(func)
+        return func
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        if self.is_sequence:
+            body_info = f"{sum(map(len, self.iter_encoded()))} bytes"
+        else:
+            body_info = "streamed" if self.is_streamed else "likely-streamed"
+        return f"<{type(self).__name__} {body_info} [{self.status}]>"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def force_type(
+        cls, response: "Response", environ: t.Optional["WSGIEnvironment"] = None
+    ) -> "Response":
+        """Enforce that the WSGI response is a response object of the current
+        type.  Werkzeug will use the :class:`Response` internally in many
+        situations like the exceptions.  If you call :meth:`get_response` on an
+        exception you will get back a regular :class:`Response` object, even
+        if you are using a custom subclass.
+
+        This method can enforce a given response type, and it will also
+        convert arbitrary WSGI callables into response objects if an environ
+        is provided::
+
+            # convert a Werkzeug response object into an instance of the
+            # MyResponseClass subclass.
+            response = MyResponseClass.force_type(response)
+
+            # convert any WSGI application into a response object
+            response = MyResponseClass.force_type(response, environ)
+
+        This is especially useful if you want to post-process responses in
+        the main dispatcher and use functionality provided by your subclass.
+
+        Keep in mind that this will modify response objects in place if
+        possible!
+
+        :param response: a response object or wsgi application.
+        :param environ: a WSGI environment object.
+        :return: a response object.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(response, Response):
+            if environ is None:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "cannot convert WSGI application into response"
+                    " objects without an environ"
+                )
+
+            from ..test import run_wsgi_app
+
+            response = Response(*run_wsgi_app(response, environ))
+
+        response.__class__ = cls
+        return response
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_app(
+        cls, app: "WSGIApplication", environ: "WSGIEnvironment", buffered: bool = False
+    ) -> "Response":
+        """Create a new response object from an application output.  This
+        works best if you pass it an application that returns a generator all
+        the time.  Sometimes applications may use the `write()` callable
+        returned by the `start_response` function.  This tries to resolve such
+        edge cases automatically.  But if you don't get the expected output
+        you should set `buffered` to `True` which enforces buffering.
+
+        :param app: the WSGI application to execute.
+        :param environ: the WSGI environment to execute against.
+        :param buffered: set to `True` to enforce buffering.
+        :return: a response object.
+        """
+        from ..test import run_wsgi_app
+
+        return cls(*run_wsgi_app(app, environ, buffered))
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def get_data(self, as_text: "te.Literal[False]" = False) -> bytes:
+        ...
+
+    @typing.overload
+    def get_data(self, as_text: "te.Literal[True]") -> str:
+        ...
+
+    def get_data(self, as_text: bool = False) -> t.Union[bytes, str]:
+        """The string representation of the response body.  Whenever you call
+        this property the response iterable is encoded and flattened.  This
+        can lead to unwanted behavior if you stream big data.
+
+        This behavior can be disabled by setting
+        :attr:`implicit_sequence_conversion` to `False`.
+
+        If `as_text` is set to `True` the return value will be a decoded
+        string.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        """
+        self._ensure_sequence()
+        rv = b"".join(self.iter_encoded())
+
+        if as_text:
+            return rv.decode(self.charset)
+
+        return rv
+
+    def set_data(self, value: t.Union[bytes, str]) -> None:
+        """Sets a new string as response.  The value must be a string or
+        bytes. If a string is set it's encoded to the charset of the
+        response (utf-8 by default).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        """
+        # if a string is set, it's encoded directly so that we
+        # can set the content length
+        if isinstance(value, str):
+            value = value.encode(self.charset)
+        else:
+            value = bytes(value)
+        self.response = [value]
+        if self.automatically_set_content_length:
+            self.headers["Content-Length"] = str(len(value))
+
+    data = property(
+        get_data,
+        set_data,
+        doc="A descriptor that calls :meth:`get_data` and :meth:`set_data`.",
+    )
+
+    def calculate_content_length(self) -> t.Optional[int]:
+        """Returns the content length if available or `None` otherwise."""
+        try:
+            self._ensure_sequence()
+        except RuntimeError:
+            return None
+        return sum(len(x) for x in self.iter_encoded())
+
+    def _ensure_sequence(self, mutable: bool = False) -> None:
+        """This method can be called by methods that need a sequence.  If
+        `mutable` is true, it will also ensure that the response sequence
+        is a standard Python list.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+        """
+        if self.is_sequence:
+            # if we need a mutable object, we ensure it's a list.
+            if mutable and not isinstance(self.response, list):
+                self.response = list(self.response)  # type: ignore
+            return
+        if self.direct_passthrough:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "Attempted implicit sequence conversion but the"
+                " response object is in direct passthrough mode."
+            )
+        if not self.implicit_sequence_conversion:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                "The response object required the iterable to be a"
+                " sequence, but the implicit conversion was disabled."
+                " Call make_sequence() yourself."
+            )
+        self.make_sequence()
+
+    def make_sequence(self) -> None:
+        """Converts the response iterator in a list.  By default this happens
+        automatically if required.  If `implicit_sequence_conversion` is
+        disabled, this method is not automatically called and some properties
+        might raise exceptions.  This also encodes all the items.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+        """
+        if not self.is_sequence:
+            # if we consume an iterable we have to ensure that the close
+            # method of the iterable is called if available when we tear
+            # down the response
+            close = getattr(self.response, "close", None)
+            self.response = list(self.iter_encoded())
+            if close is not None:
+                self.call_on_close(close)
+
+    def iter_encoded(self) -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+        """Iter the response encoded with the encoding of the response.
+        If the response object is invoked as WSGI application the return
+        value of this method is used as application iterator unless
+        :attr:`direct_passthrough` was activated.
+        """
+        if __debug__:
+            _warn_if_string(self.response)
+        # Encode in a separate function so that self.response is fetched
+        # early.  This allows us to wrap the response with the return
+        # value from get_app_iter or iter_encoded.
+        return _iter_encoded(self.response, self.charset)
+
+    @property
+    def is_streamed(self) -> bool:
+        """If the response is streamed (the response is not an iterable with
+        a length information) this property is `True`.  In this case streamed
+        means that there is no information about the number of iterations.
+        This is usually `True` if a generator is passed to the response object.
+
+        This is useful for checking before applying some sort of post
+        filtering that should not take place for streamed responses.
+        """
+        try:
+            len(self.response)  # type: ignore
+        except (TypeError, AttributeError):
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    @property
+    def is_sequence(self) -> bool:
+        """If the iterator is buffered, this property will be `True`.  A
+        response object will consider an iterator to be buffered if the
+        response attribute is a list or tuple.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+        """
+        return isinstance(self.response, (tuple, list))
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Close the wrapped response if possible.  You can also use the object
+        in a with statement which will automatically close it.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+           Can now be used in a with statement.
+        """
+        if hasattr(self.response, "close"):
+            self.response.close()  # type: ignore
+        for func in self._on_close:
+            func()
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "Response":
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb):  # type: ignore
+        self.close()
+
+    def freeze(self, no_etag: None = None) -> None:
+        """Make the response object ready to be pickled. Does the
+        following:
+
+        *   Buffer the response into a list, ignoring
+            :attr:`implicity_sequence_conversion` and
+            :attr:`direct_passthrough`.
+        *   Set the ``Content-Length`` header.
+        *   Generate an ``ETag`` header if one is not already set.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            An ``ETag`` header is added, the ``no_etag`` parameter is
+            deprecated and will be removed in Werkzeug 2.1.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.6
+            The ``Content-Length`` header is set.
+        """
+        # Always freeze the encoded response body, ignore
+        # implicit_sequence_conversion and direct_passthrough.
+        self.response = list(self.iter_encoded())
+        self.headers["Content-Length"] = str(sum(map(len, self.response)))
+
+        if no_etag is not None:
+            warnings.warn(
+                "The 'no_etag' parameter is deprecated and will be"
+                " removed in Werkzeug 2.1.",
+                DeprecationWarning,
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+
+        self.add_etag()
+
+    def get_wsgi_headers(self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment") -> Headers:
+        """This is automatically called right before the response is started
+        and returns headers modified for the given environment.  It returns a
+        copy of the headers from the response with some modifications applied
+        if necessary.
+
+        For example the location header (if present) is joined with the root
+        URL of the environment.  Also the content length is automatically set
+        to zero here for certain status codes.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 0.6
+           Previously that function was called `fix_headers` and modified
+           the response object in place.  Also since 0.6, IRIs in location
+           and content-location headers are handled properly.
+
+           Also starting with 0.6, Werkzeug will attempt to set the content
+           length if it is able to figure it out on its own.  This is the
+           case if all the strings in the response iterable are already
+           encoded and the iterable is buffered.
+
+        :param environ: the WSGI environment of the request.
+        :return: returns a new :class:`~werkzeug.datastructures.Headers`
+                 object.
+        """
+        headers = Headers(self.headers)
+        location: t.Optional[str] = None
+        content_location: t.Optional[str] = None
+        content_length: t.Optional[t.Union[str, int]] = None
+        status = self.status_code
+
+        # iterate over the headers to find all values in one go.  Because
+        # get_wsgi_headers is used each response that gives us a tiny
+        # speedup.
+        for key, value in headers:
+            ikey = key.lower()
+            if ikey == "location":
+                location = value
+            elif ikey == "content-location":
+                content_location = value
+            elif ikey == "content-length":
+                content_length = value
+
+        # make sure the location header is an absolute URL
+        if location is not None:
+            old_location = location
+            if isinstance(location, str):
+                # Safe conversion is necessary here as we might redirect
+                # to a broken URI scheme (for instance itms-services).
+                location = iri_to_uri(location, safe_conversion=True)
+
+            if self.autocorrect_location_header:
+                current_url = get_current_url(environ, strip_querystring=True)
+                if isinstance(current_url, str):
+                    current_url = iri_to_uri(current_url)
+                location = url_join(current_url, location)
+            if location != old_location:
+                headers["Location"] = location
+
+        # make sure the content location is a URL
+        if content_location is not None and isinstance(content_location, str):
+            headers["Content-Location"] = iri_to_uri(content_location)
+
+        if 100 <= status < 200 or status == 204:
+            # Per section 3.3.2 of RFC 7230, "a server MUST NOT send a
+            # Content-Length header field in any response with a status
+            # code of 1xx (Informational) or 204 (No Content)."
+            headers.remove("Content-Length")
+        elif status == 304:
+            remove_entity_headers(headers)
+
+        # if we can determine the content length automatically, we
+        # should try to do that.  But only if this does not involve
+        # flattening the iterator or encoding of strings in the
+        # response. We however should not do that if we have a 304
+        # response.
+        if (
+            self.automatically_set_content_length
+            and self.is_sequence
+            and content_length is None
+            and status not in (204, 304)
+            and not (100 <= status < 200)
+        ):
+            try:
+                content_length = sum(len(_to_bytes(x, "ascii")) for x in self.response)
+            except UnicodeError:
+                # Something other than bytes, can't safely figure out
+                # the length of the response.
+                pass
+            else:
+                headers["Content-Length"] = str(content_length)
+
+        return headers
+
+    def get_app_iter(self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment") -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        """Returns the application iterator for the given environ.  Depending
+        on the request method and the current status code the return value
+        might be an empty response rather than the one from the response.
+
+        If the request method is `HEAD` or the status code is in a range
+        where the HTTP specification requires an empty response, an empty
+        iterable is returned.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+
+        :param environ: the WSGI environment of the request.
+        :return: a response iterable.
+        """
+        status = self.status_code
+        if (
+            environ["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "HEAD"
+            or 100 <= status < 200
+            or status in (204, 304)
+        ):
+            iterable: t.Iterable[bytes] = ()
+        elif self.direct_passthrough:
+            if __debug__:
+                _warn_if_string(self.response)
+            return self.response  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            iterable = self.iter_encoded()
+        return ClosingIterator(iterable, self.close)
+
+    def get_wsgi_response(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment"
+    ) -> t.Tuple[t.Iterable[bytes], str, t.List[t.Tuple[str, str]]]:
+        """Returns the final WSGI response as tuple.  The first item in
+        the tuple is the application iterator, the second the status and
+        the third the list of headers.  The response returned is created
+        specially for the given environment.  For example if the request
+        method in the WSGI environment is ``'HEAD'`` the response will
+        be empty and only the headers and status code will be present.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.6
+
+        :param environ: the WSGI environment of the request.
+        :return: an ``(app_iter, status, headers)`` tuple.
+        """
+        headers = self.get_wsgi_headers(environ)
+        app_iter = self.get_app_iter(environ)
+        return app_iter, self.status, headers.to_wsgi_list()
+
+    def __call__(
+        self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment", start_response: "StartResponse"
+    ) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+        """Process this response as WSGI application.
+
+        :param environ: the WSGI environment.
+        :param start_response: the response callable provided by the WSGI
+                               server.
+        :return: an application iterator
+        """
+        app_iter, status, headers = self.get_wsgi_response(environ)
+        start_response(status, headers)
+        return app_iter
+
+    # JSON
+
+    #: A module or other object that has ``dumps`` and ``loads``
+    #: functions that match the API of the built-in :mod:`json` module.
+    json_module = json
+
+    @property
+    def json(self) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        """The parsed JSON data if :attr:`mimetype` indicates JSON
+        (:mimetype:`application/json`, see :attr:`is_json`).
+
+        Calls :meth:`get_json` with default arguments.
+        """
+        return self.get_json()
+
+    def get_json(self, force: bool = False, silent: bool = False) -> t.Optional[t.Any]:
+        """Parse :attr:`data` as JSON. Useful during testing.
+
+        If the mimetype does not indicate JSON
+        (:mimetype:`application/json`, see :attr:`is_json`), this
+        returns ``None``.
+
+        Unlike :meth:`Request.get_json`, the result is not cached.
+
+        :param force: Ignore the mimetype and always try to parse JSON.
+        :param silent: Silence parsing errors and return ``None``
+            instead.
+        """
+        if not (force or self.is_json):
+            return None
+
+        data = self.get_data()
+
+        try:
+            return self.json_module.loads(data)
+        except ValueError:
+            if not silent:
+                raise
+
+            return None
+
+    # Stream
+
+    @cached_property
+    def stream(self) -> "ResponseStream":
+        """The response iterable as write-only stream."""
+        return ResponseStream(self)
+
+    def _wrap_range_response(self, start: int, length: int) -> None:
+        """Wrap existing Response in case of Range Request context."""
+        if self.status_code == 206:
+            self.response = _RangeWrapper(self.response, start, length)  # type: ignore
+
+    def _is_range_request_processable(self, environ: "WSGIEnvironment") -> bool:
+        """Return ``True`` if `Range` header is present and if underlying
+        resource is considered unchanged when compared with `If-Range` header.
+        """
+        return (
+            "HTTP_IF_RANGE" not in environ
+            or not is_resource_modified(
+                environ,
+                self.headers.get("etag"),
+                None,
+                self.headers.get("last-modified"),
+                ignore_if_range=False,
+            )
+        ) and "HTTP_RANGE" in environ
+
+    def _process_range_request(
+        self,
+        environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+        complete_length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+        accept_ranges: t.Optional[t.Union[bool, str]] = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Handle Range Request related headers (RFC7233).  If `Accept-Ranges`
+        header is valid, and Range Request is processable, we set the headers
+        as described by the RFC, and wrap the underlying response in a
+        RangeWrapper.
+
+        Returns ``True`` if Range Request can be fulfilled, ``False`` otherwise.
+
+        :raises: :class:`~werkzeug.exceptions.RequestedRangeNotSatisfiable`
+                 if `Range` header could not be parsed or satisfied.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            Returns ``False`` if the length is 0.
+        """
+        from ..exceptions import RequestedRangeNotSatisfiable
+
+        if (
+            accept_ranges is None
+            or complete_length is None
+            or complete_length == 0
+            or not self._is_range_request_processable(environ)
+        ):
+            return False
+
+        parsed_range = parse_range_header(environ.get("HTTP_RANGE"))
+
+        if parsed_range is None:
+            raise RequestedRangeNotSatisfiable(complete_length)
+
+        range_tuple = parsed_range.range_for_length(complete_length)
+        content_range_header = parsed_range.to_content_range_header(complete_length)
+
+        if range_tuple is None or content_range_header is None:
+            raise RequestedRangeNotSatisfiable(complete_length)
+
+        content_length = range_tuple[1] - range_tuple[0]
+        self.headers["Content-Length"] = content_length
+        self.headers["Accept-Ranges"] = accept_ranges
+        self.content_range = content_range_header  # type: ignore
+        self.status_code = 206
+        self._wrap_range_response(range_tuple[0], content_length)
+        return True
+
+    def make_conditional(
+        self,
+        request_or_environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+        accept_ranges: t.Union[bool, str] = False,
+        complete_length: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ) -> "Response":
+        """Make the response conditional to the request.  This method works
+        best if an etag was defined for the response already.  The `add_etag`
+        method can be used to do that.  If called without etag just the date
+        header is set.
+
+        This does nothing if the request method in the request or environ is
+        anything but GET or HEAD.
+
+        For optimal performance when handling range requests, it's recommended
+        that your response data object implements `seekable`, `seek` and `tell`
+        methods as described by :py:class:`io.IOBase`.  Objects returned by
+        :meth:`~werkzeug.wsgi.wrap_file` automatically implement those methods.
+
+        It does not remove the body of the response because that's something
+        the :meth:`__call__` function does for us automatically.
+
+        Returns self so that you can do ``return resp.make_conditional(req)``
+        but modifies the object in-place.
+
+        :param request_or_environ: a request object or WSGI environment to be
+                                   used to make the response conditional
+                                   against.
+        :param accept_ranges: This parameter dictates the value of
+                              `Accept-Ranges` header. If ``False`` (default),
+                              the header is not set. If ``True``, it will be set
+                              to ``"bytes"``. If ``None``, it will be set to
+                              ``"none"``. If it's a string, it will use this
+                              value.
+        :param complete_length: Will be used only in valid Range Requests.
+                                It will set `Content-Range` complete length
+                                value and compute `Content-Length` real value.
+                                This parameter is mandatory for successful
+                                Range Requests completion.
+        :raises: :class:`~werkzeug.exceptions.RequestedRangeNotSatisfiable`
+                 if `Range` header could not be parsed or satisfied.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            Range processing is skipped if length is 0 instead of
+            raising a 416 Range Not Satisfiable error.
+        """
+        environ = _get_environ(request_or_environ)
+        if environ["REQUEST_METHOD"] in ("GET", "HEAD"):
+            # if the date is not in the headers, add it now.  We however
+            # will not override an already existing header.  Unfortunately
+            # this header will be overriden by many WSGI servers including
+            # wsgiref.
+            if "date" not in self.headers:
+                self.headers["Date"] = http_date()
+            accept_ranges = _clean_accept_ranges(accept_ranges)
+            is206 = self._process_range_request(environ, complete_length, accept_ranges)
+            if not is206 and not is_resource_modified(
+                environ,
+                self.headers.get("etag"),
+                None,
+                self.headers.get("last-modified"),
+            ):
+                if parse_etags(environ.get("HTTP_IF_MATCH")):
+                    self.status_code = 412
+                else:
+                    self.status_code = 304
+            if (
+                self.automatically_set_content_length
+                and "content-length" not in self.headers
+            ):
+                length = self.calculate_content_length()
+                if length is not None:
+                    self.headers["Content-Length"] = length
+        return self
+
+    def add_etag(self, overwrite: bool = False, weak: bool = False) -> None:
+        """Add an etag for the current response if there is none yet.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+            SHA-1 is used to generate the value. MD5 may not be
+            available in some environments.
+        """
+        if overwrite or "etag" not in self.headers:
+            self.set_etag(generate_etag(self.get_data()), weak)
+
+
+class ResponseStream:
+    """A file descriptor like object used by the :class:`ResponseStreamMixin` to
+    represent the body of the stream.  It directly pushes into the response
+    iterable of the response object.
+    """
+
+    mode = "wb+"
+
+    def __init__(self, response: Response):
+        self.response = response
+        self.closed = False
+
+    def write(self, value: bytes) -> int:
+        if self.closed:
+            raise ValueError("I/O operation on closed file")
+        self.response._ensure_sequence(mutable=True)
+        self.response.response.append(value)  # type: ignore
+        self.response.headers.pop("Content-Length", None)
+        return len(value)
+
+    def writelines(self, seq: t.Iterable[bytes]) -> None:
+        for item in seq:
+            self.write(item)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        self.closed = True
+
+    def flush(self) -> None:
+        if self.closed:
+            raise ValueError("I/O operation on closed file")
+
+    def isatty(self) -> bool:
+        if self.closed:
+            raise ValueError("I/O operation on closed file")
+        return False
+
+    def tell(self) -> int:
+        self.response._ensure_sequence()
+        return sum(map(len, self.response.response))
+
+    @property
+    def encoding(self) -> str:
+        return self.response.charset
+
+
+class ResponseStreamMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'ResponseStreamMixin' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. 'Response' now includes the functionality"
+            " directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/user_agent.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/user_agent.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..184ffd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wrappers/user_agent.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import typing as t
+import warnings
+
+
+class UserAgentMixin:
+    def __init__(self, *args: t.Any, **kwargs: t.Any) -> None:
+        warnings.warn(
+            "'UserAgentMixin' is deprecated and will be removed in"
+            " Werkzeug 2.1. 'Request' now includes the functionality"
+            " directly.",
+            DeprecationWarning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wsgi.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wsgi.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cfa74d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/werkzeug/wsgi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,982 @@
+import io
+import re
+import typing as t
+from functools import partial
+from functools import update_wrapper
+from itertools import chain
+
+from ._internal import _make_encode_wrapper
+from ._internal import _to_bytes
+from ._internal import _to_str
+from .sansio import utils as _sansio_utils
+from .sansio.utils import host_is_trusted  # noqa: F401 # Imported as part of API
+from .urls import _URLTuple
+from .urls import uri_to_iri
+from .urls import url_join
+from .urls import url_parse
+from .urls import url_quote
+
+if t.TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIApplication
+    from _typeshed.wsgi import WSGIEnvironment
+
+
+def responder(f: t.Callable[..., "WSGIApplication"]) -> "WSGIApplication":
+    """Marks a function as responder.  Decorate a function with it and it
+    will automatically call the return value as WSGI application.
+
+    Example::
+
+        @responder
+        def application(environ, start_response):
+            return Response('Hello World!')
+    """
+    return update_wrapper(lambda *a: f(*a)(*a[-2:]), f)
+
+
+def get_current_url(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+    root_only: bool = False,
+    strip_querystring: bool = False,
+    host_only: bool = False,
+    trusted_hosts: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Recreate the URL for a request from the parts in a WSGI
+    environment.
+
+    The URL is an IRI, not a URI, so it may contain Unicode characters.
+    Use :func:`~werkzeug.urls.iri_to_uri` to convert it to ASCII.
+
+    :param environ: The WSGI environment to get the URL parts from.
+    :param root_only: Only build the root path, don't include the
+        remaining path or query string.
+    :param strip_querystring: Don't include the query string.
+    :param host_only: Only build the scheme and host.
+    :param trusted_hosts: A list of trusted host names to validate the
+        host against.
+    """
+    parts = {
+        "scheme": environ["wsgi.url_scheme"],
+        "host": get_host(environ, trusted_hosts),
+    }
+
+    if not host_only:
+        parts["root_path"] = environ.get("SCRIPT_NAME", "")
+
+        if not root_only:
+            parts["path"] = environ.get("PATH_INFO", "")
+
+            if not strip_querystring:
+                parts["query_string"] = environ.get("QUERY_STRING", "").encode("latin1")
+
+    return _sansio_utils.get_current_url(**parts)
+
+
+def _get_server(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment",
+) -> t.Optional[t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[int]]]:
+    name = environ.get("SERVER_NAME")
+
+    if name is None:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        port: t.Optional[int] = int(environ.get("SERVER_PORT", None))
+    except (TypeError, ValueError):
+        # unix socket
+        port = None
+
+    return name, port
+
+
+def get_host(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment", trusted_hosts: t.Optional[t.Iterable[str]] = None
+) -> str:
+    """Return the host for the given WSGI environment.
+
+    The ``Host`` header is preferred, then ``SERVER_NAME`` if it's not
+    set. The returned host will only contain the port if it is different
+    than the standard port for the protocol.
+
+    Optionally, verify that the host is trusted using
+    :func:`host_is_trusted` and raise a
+    :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.SecurityError` if it is not.
+
+    :param environ: A WSGI environment dict.
+    :param trusted_hosts: A list of trusted host names.
+
+    :return: Host, with port if necessary.
+    :raise ~werkzeug.exceptions.SecurityError: If the host is not
+        trusted.
+    """
+    return _sansio_utils.get_host(
+        environ["wsgi.url_scheme"],
+        environ.get("HTTP_HOST"),
+        _get_server(environ),
+        trusted_hosts,
+    )
+
+
+def get_content_length(environ: "WSGIEnvironment") -> t.Optional[int]:
+    """Returns the content length from the WSGI environment as
+    integer. If it's not available or chunked transfer encoding is used,
+    ``None`` is returned.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+
+    :param environ: the WSGI environ to fetch the content length from.
+    """
+    if environ.get("HTTP_TRANSFER_ENCODING", "") == "chunked":
+        return None
+
+    content_length = environ.get("CONTENT_LENGTH")
+    if content_length is not None:
+        try:
+            return max(0, int(content_length))
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            pass
+    return None
+
+
+def get_input_stream(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment", safe_fallback: bool = True
+) -> t.IO[bytes]:
+    """Returns the input stream from the WSGI environment and wraps it
+    in the most sensible way possible. The stream returned is not the
+    raw WSGI stream in most cases but one that is safe to read from
+    without taking into account the content length.
+
+    If content length is not set, the stream will be empty for safety reasons.
+    If the WSGI server supports chunked or infinite streams, it should set
+    the ``wsgi.input_terminated`` value in the WSGI environ to indicate that.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+
+    :param environ: the WSGI environ to fetch the stream from.
+    :param safe_fallback: use an empty stream as a safe fallback when the
+        content length is not set. Disabling this allows infinite streams,
+        which can be a denial-of-service risk.
+    """
+    stream = t.cast(t.IO[bytes], environ["wsgi.input"])
+    content_length = get_content_length(environ)
+
+    # A wsgi extension that tells us if the input is terminated.  In
+    # that case we return the stream unchanged as we know we can safely
+    # read it until the end.
+    if environ.get("wsgi.input_terminated"):
+        return stream
+
+    # If the request doesn't specify a content length, returning the stream is
+    # potentially dangerous because it could be infinite, malicious or not. If
+    # safe_fallback is true, return an empty stream instead for safety.
+    if content_length is None:
+        return io.BytesIO() if safe_fallback else stream
+
+    # Otherwise limit the stream to the content length
+    return t.cast(t.IO[bytes], LimitedStream(stream, content_length))
+
+
+def get_query_string(environ: "WSGIEnvironment") -> str:
+    """Returns the ``QUERY_STRING`` from the WSGI environment. This also
+    takes care of the WSGI decoding dance. The string returned will be
+    restricted to ASCII characters.
+
+    :param environ: WSGI environment to get the query string from.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+    qs = environ.get("QUERY_STRING", "").encode("latin1")
+    # QUERY_STRING really should be ascii safe but some browsers
+    # will send us some unicode stuff (I am looking at you IE).
+    # In that case we want to urllib quote it badly.
+    return url_quote(qs, safe=":&%=+$!*'(),")
+
+
+def get_path_info(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment", charset: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "replace"
+) -> str:
+    """Return the ``PATH_INFO`` from the WSGI environment and decode it
+    unless ``charset`` is ``None``.
+
+    :param environ: WSGI environment to get the path from.
+    :param charset: The charset for the path info, or ``None`` if no
+        decoding should be performed.
+    :param errors: The decoding error handling.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+    path = environ.get("PATH_INFO", "").encode("latin1")
+    return _to_str(path, charset, errors, allow_none_charset=True)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def get_script_name(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment", charset: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "replace"
+) -> str:
+    """Return the ``SCRIPT_NAME`` from the WSGI environment and decode
+    it unless `charset` is set to ``None``.
+
+    :param environ: WSGI environment to get the path from.
+    :param charset: The charset for the path, or ``None`` if no decoding
+        should be performed.
+    :param errors: The decoding error handling.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+    """
+    path = environ.get("SCRIPT_NAME", "").encode("latin1")
+    return _to_str(path, charset, errors, allow_none_charset=True)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def pop_path_info(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment", charset: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "replace"
+) -> t.Optional[str]:
+    """Removes and returns the next segment of `PATH_INFO`, pushing it onto
+    `SCRIPT_NAME`.  Returns `None` if there is nothing left on `PATH_INFO`.
+
+    If the `charset` is set to `None` bytes are returned.
+
+    If there are empty segments (``'/foo//bar``) these are ignored but
+    properly pushed to the `SCRIPT_NAME`:
+
+    >>> env = {'SCRIPT_NAME': '/foo', 'PATH_INFO': '/a/b'}
+    >>> pop_path_info(env)
+    'a'
+    >>> env['SCRIPT_NAME']
+    '/foo/a'
+    >>> pop_path_info(env)
+    'b'
+    >>> env['SCRIPT_NAME']
+    '/foo/a/b'
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+       The path is now decoded and a charset and encoding
+       parameter can be provided.
+
+    :param environ: the WSGI environment that is modified.
+    :param charset: The ``encoding`` parameter passed to
+        :func:`bytes.decode`.
+    :param errors: The ``errors`` paramater passed to
+        :func:`bytes.decode`.
+    """
+    path = environ.get("PATH_INFO")
+    if not path:
+        return None
+
+    script_name = environ.get("SCRIPT_NAME", "")
+
+    # shift multiple leading slashes over
+    old_path = path
+    path = path.lstrip("/")
+    if path != old_path:
+        script_name += "/" * (len(old_path) - len(path))
+
+    if "/" not in path:
+        environ["PATH_INFO"] = ""
+        environ["SCRIPT_NAME"] = script_name + path
+        rv = path.encode("latin1")
+    else:
+        segment, path = path.split("/", 1)
+        environ["PATH_INFO"] = f"/{path}"
+        environ["SCRIPT_NAME"] = script_name + segment
+        rv = segment.encode("latin1")
+
+    return _to_str(rv, charset, errors, allow_none_charset=True)  # type: ignore
+
+
+def peek_path_info(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment", charset: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "replace"
+) -> t.Optional[str]:
+    """Returns the next segment on the `PATH_INFO` or `None` if there
+    is none.  Works like :func:`pop_path_info` without modifying the
+    environment:
+
+    >>> env = {'SCRIPT_NAME': '/foo', 'PATH_INFO': '/a/b'}
+    >>> peek_path_info(env)
+    'a'
+    >>> peek_path_info(env)
+    'a'
+
+    If the `charset` is set to `None` bytes are returned.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.9
+       The path is now decoded and a charset and encoding
+       parameter can be provided.
+
+    :param environ: the WSGI environment that is checked.
+    """
+    segments = environ.get("PATH_INFO", "").lstrip("/").split("/", 1)
+    if segments:
+        return _to_str(  # type: ignore
+            segments[0].encode("latin1"), charset, errors, allow_none_charset=True
+        )
+    return None
+
+
+def extract_path_info(
+    environ_or_baseurl: t.Union[str, "WSGIEnvironment"],
+    path_or_url: t.Union[str, _URLTuple],
+    charset: str = "utf-8",
+    errors: str = "werkzeug.url_quote",
+    collapse_http_schemes: bool = True,
+) -> t.Optional[str]:
+    """Extracts the path info from the given URL (or WSGI environment) and
+    path. The path info returned is a string. The URLs might also be IRIs.
+
+    If the path info could not be determined, `None` is returned.
+
+    Some examples:
+
+    >>> extract_path_info('http://example.com/app', '/app/hello')
+    '/hello'
+    >>> extract_path_info('http://example.com/app',
+    ...                   'https://example.com/app/hello')
+    '/hello'
+    >>> extract_path_info('http://example.com/app',
+    ...                   'https://example.com/app/hello',
+    ...                   collapse_http_schemes=False) is None
+    True
+
+    Instead of providing a base URL you can also pass a WSGI environment.
+
+    :param environ_or_baseurl: a WSGI environment dict, a base URL or
+                               base IRI.  This is the root of the
+                               application.
+    :param path_or_url: an absolute path from the server root, a
+                        relative path (in which case it's the path info)
+                        or a full URL.
+    :param charset: the charset for byte data in URLs
+    :param errors: the error handling on decode
+    :param collapse_http_schemes: if set to `False` the algorithm does
+                                  not assume that http and https on the
+                                  same server point to the same
+                                  resource.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.15
+        The ``errors`` parameter defaults to leaving invalid bytes
+        quoted instead of replacing them.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.6
+    """
+
+    def _normalize_netloc(scheme: str, netloc: str) -> str:
+        parts = netloc.split("@", 1)[-1].split(":", 1)
+        port: t.Optional[str]
+
+        if len(parts) == 2:
+            netloc, port = parts
+            if (scheme == "http" and port == "80") or (
+                scheme == "https" and port == "443"
+            ):
+                port = None
+        else:
+            netloc = parts[0]
+            port = None
+
+        if port is not None:
+            netloc += f":{port}"
+
+        return netloc
+
+    # make sure whatever we are working on is a IRI and parse it
+    path = uri_to_iri(path_or_url, charset, errors)
+    if isinstance(environ_or_baseurl, dict):
+        environ_or_baseurl = get_current_url(environ_or_baseurl, root_only=True)
+    base_iri = uri_to_iri(environ_or_baseurl, charset, errors)
+    base_scheme, base_netloc, base_path = url_parse(base_iri)[:3]
+    cur_scheme, cur_netloc, cur_path = url_parse(url_join(base_iri, path))[:3]
+
+    # normalize the network location
+    base_netloc = _normalize_netloc(base_scheme, base_netloc)
+    cur_netloc = _normalize_netloc(cur_scheme, cur_netloc)
+
+    # is that IRI even on a known HTTP scheme?
+    if collapse_http_schemes:
+        for scheme in base_scheme, cur_scheme:
+            if scheme not in ("http", "https"):
+                return None
+    else:
+        if not (base_scheme in ("http", "https") and base_scheme == cur_scheme):
+            return None
+
+    # are the netlocs compatible?
+    if base_netloc != cur_netloc:
+        return None
+
+    # are we below the application path?
+    base_path = base_path.rstrip("/")
+    if not cur_path.startswith(base_path):
+        return None
+
+    return f"/{cur_path[len(base_path) :].lstrip('/')}"
+
+
+class ClosingIterator:
+    """The WSGI specification requires that all middlewares and gateways
+    respect the `close` callback of the iterable returned by the application.
+    Because it is useful to add another close action to a returned iterable
+    and adding a custom iterable is a boring task this class can be used for
+    that::
+
+        return ClosingIterator(app(environ, start_response), [cleanup_session,
+                                                              cleanup_locals])
+
+    If there is just one close function it can be passed instead of the list.
+
+    A closing iterator is not needed if the application uses response objects
+    and finishes the processing if the response is started::
+
+        try:
+            return response(environ, start_response)
+        finally:
+            cleanup_session()
+            cleanup_locals()
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        iterable: t.Iterable[bytes],
+        callbacks: t.Optional[
+            t.Union[t.Callable[[], None], t.Iterable[t.Callable[[], None]]]
+        ] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        iterator = iter(iterable)
+        self._next = t.cast(t.Callable[[], bytes], partial(next, iterator))
+        if callbacks is None:
+            callbacks = []
+        elif callable(callbacks):
+            callbacks = [callbacks]
+        else:
+            callbacks = list(callbacks)
+        iterable_close = getattr(iterable, "close", None)
+        if iterable_close:
+            callbacks.insert(0, iterable_close)
+        self._callbacks = callbacks
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> "ClosingIterator":
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self) -> bytes:
+        return self._next()
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        for callback in self._callbacks:
+            callback()
+
+
+def wrap_file(
+    environ: "WSGIEnvironment", file: t.IO[bytes], buffer_size: int = 8192
+) -> t.Iterable[bytes]:
+    """Wraps a file.  This uses the WSGI server's file wrapper if available
+    or otherwise the generic :class:`FileWrapper`.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    If the file wrapper from the WSGI server is used it's important to not
+    iterate over it from inside the application but to pass it through
+    unchanged.  If you want to pass out a file wrapper inside a response
+    object you have to set :attr:`Response.direct_passthrough` to `True`.
+
+    More information about file wrappers are available in :pep:`333`.
+
+    :param file: a :class:`file`-like object with a :meth:`~file.read` method.
+    :param buffer_size: number of bytes for one iteration.
+    """
+    return environ.get("wsgi.file_wrapper", FileWrapper)(  # type: ignore
+        file, buffer_size
+    )
+
+
+class FileWrapper:
+    """This class can be used to convert a :class:`file`-like object into
+    an iterable.  It yields `buffer_size` blocks until the file is fully
+    read.
+
+    You should not use this class directly but rather use the
+    :func:`wrap_file` function that uses the WSGI server's file wrapper
+    support if it's available.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.5
+
+    If you're using this object together with a :class:`Response` you have
+    to use the `direct_passthrough` mode.
+
+    :param file: a :class:`file`-like object with a :meth:`~file.read` method.
+    :param buffer_size: number of bytes for one iteration.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, file: t.IO[bytes], buffer_size: int = 8192) -> None:
+        self.file = file
+        self.buffer_size = buffer_size
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if hasattr(self.file, "close"):
+            self.file.close()
+
+    def seekable(self) -> bool:
+        if hasattr(self.file, "seekable"):
+            return self.file.seekable()
+        if hasattr(self.file, "seek"):
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def seek(self, *args: t.Any) -> None:
+        if hasattr(self.file, "seek"):
+            self.file.seek(*args)
+
+    def tell(self) -> t.Optional[int]:
+        if hasattr(self.file, "tell"):
+            return self.file.tell()
+        return None
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> "FileWrapper":
+        return self
+
+    def __next__(self) -> bytes:
+        data = self.file.read(self.buffer_size)
+        if data:
+            return data
+        raise StopIteration()
+
+
+class _RangeWrapper:
+    # private for now, but should we make it public in the future ?
+
+    """This class can be used to convert an iterable object into
+    an iterable that will only yield a piece of the underlying content.
+    It yields blocks until the underlying stream range is fully read.
+    The yielded blocks will have a size that can't exceed the original
+    iterator defined block size, but that can be smaller.
+
+    If you're using this object together with a :class:`Response` you have
+    to use the `direct_passthrough` mode.
+
+    :param iterable: an iterable object with a :meth:`__next__` method.
+    :param start_byte: byte from which read will start.
+    :param byte_range: how many bytes to read.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        iterable: t.Union[t.Iterable[bytes], t.IO[bytes]],
+        start_byte: int = 0,
+        byte_range: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    ):
+        self.iterable = iter(iterable)
+        self.byte_range = byte_range
+        self.start_byte = start_byte
+        self.end_byte = None
+
+        if byte_range is not None:
+            self.end_byte = start_byte + byte_range
+
+        self.read_length = 0
+        self.seekable = (
+            hasattr(iterable, "seekable") and iterable.seekable()  # type: ignore
+        )
+        self.end_reached = False
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> "_RangeWrapper":
+        return self
+
+    def _next_chunk(self) -> bytes:
+        try:
+            chunk = next(self.iterable)
+            self.read_length += len(chunk)
+            return chunk
+        except StopIteration:
+            self.end_reached = True
+            raise
+
+    def _first_iteration(self) -> t.Tuple[t.Optional[bytes], int]:
+        chunk = None
+        if self.seekable:
+            self.iterable.seek(self.start_byte)  # type: ignore
+            self.read_length = self.iterable.tell()  # type: ignore
+            contextual_read_length = self.read_length
+        else:
+            while self.read_length <= self.start_byte:
+                chunk = self._next_chunk()
+            if chunk is not None:
+                chunk = chunk[self.start_byte - self.read_length :]
+            contextual_read_length = self.start_byte
+        return chunk, contextual_read_length
+
+    def _next(self) -> bytes:
+        if self.end_reached:
+            raise StopIteration()
+        chunk = None
+        contextual_read_length = self.read_length
+        if self.read_length == 0:
+            chunk, contextual_read_length = self._first_iteration()
+        if chunk is None:
+            chunk = self._next_chunk()
+        if self.end_byte is not None and self.read_length >= self.end_byte:
+            self.end_reached = True
+            return chunk[: self.end_byte - contextual_read_length]
+        return chunk
+
+    def __next__(self) -> bytes:
+        chunk = self._next()
+        if chunk:
+            return chunk
+        self.end_reached = True
+        raise StopIteration()
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if hasattr(self.iterable, "close"):
+            self.iterable.close()  # type: ignore
+
+
+def _make_chunk_iter(
+    stream: t.Union[t.Iterable[bytes], t.IO[bytes]],
+    limit: t.Optional[int],
+    buffer_size: int,
+) -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+    """Helper for the line and chunk iter functions."""
+    if isinstance(stream, (bytes, bytearray, str)):
+        raise TypeError(
+            "Passed a string or byte object instead of true iterator or stream."
+        )
+    if not hasattr(stream, "read"):
+        for item in stream:
+            if item:
+                yield item
+        return
+    stream = t.cast(t.IO[bytes], stream)
+    if not isinstance(stream, LimitedStream) and limit is not None:
+        stream = t.cast(t.IO[bytes], LimitedStream(stream, limit))
+    _read = stream.read
+    while True:
+        item = _read(buffer_size)
+        if not item:
+            break
+        yield item
+
+
+def make_line_iter(
+    stream: t.Union[t.Iterable[bytes], t.IO[bytes]],
+    limit: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    buffer_size: int = 10 * 1024,
+    cap_at_buffer: bool = False,
+) -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+    """Safely iterates line-based over an input stream.  If the input stream
+    is not a :class:`LimitedStream` the `limit` parameter is mandatory.
+
+    This uses the stream's :meth:`~file.read` method internally as opposite
+    to the :meth:`~file.readline` method that is unsafe and can only be used
+    in violation of the WSGI specification.  The same problem applies to the
+    `__iter__` function of the input stream which calls :meth:`~file.readline`
+    without arguments.
+
+    If you need line-by-line processing it's strongly recommended to iterate
+    over the input stream using this helper function.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 0.8
+       This function now ensures that the limit was reached.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+       added support for iterators as input stream.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.11.10
+       added support for the `cap_at_buffer` parameter.
+
+    :param stream: the stream or iterate to iterate over.
+    :param limit: the limit in bytes for the stream.  (Usually
+                  content length.  Not necessary if the `stream`
+                  is a :class:`LimitedStream`.
+    :param buffer_size: The optional buffer size.
+    :param cap_at_buffer: if this is set chunks are split if they are longer
+                          than the buffer size.  Internally this is implemented
+                          that the buffer size might be exhausted by a factor
+                          of two however.
+    """
+    _iter = _make_chunk_iter(stream, limit, buffer_size)
+
+    first_item = next(_iter, "")
+    if not first_item:
+        return
+
+    s = _make_encode_wrapper(first_item)
+    empty = t.cast(bytes, s(""))
+    cr = t.cast(bytes, s("\r"))
+    lf = t.cast(bytes, s("\n"))
+    crlf = t.cast(bytes, s("\r\n"))
+
+    _iter = t.cast(t.Iterator[bytes], chain((first_item,), _iter))
+
+    def _iter_basic_lines() -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+        _join = empty.join
+        buffer: t.List[bytes] = []
+        while True:
+            new_data = next(_iter, "")
+            if not new_data:
+                break
+            new_buf: t.List[bytes] = []
+            buf_size = 0
+            for item in t.cast(
+                t.Iterator[bytes], chain(buffer, new_data.splitlines(True))
+            ):
+                new_buf.append(item)
+                buf_size += len(item)
+                if item and item[-1:] in crlf:
+                    yield _join(new_buf)
+                    new_buf = []
+                elif cap_at_buffer and buf_size >= buffer_size:
+                    rv = _join(new_buf)
+                    while len(rv) >= buffer_size:
+                        yield rv[:buffer_size]
+                        rv = rv[buffer_size:]
+                    new_buf = [rv]
+            buffer = new_buf
+        if buffer:
+            yield _join(buffer)
+
+    # This hackery is necessary to merge 'foo\r' and '\n' into one item
+    # of 'foo\r\n' if we were unlucky and we hit a chunk boundary.
+    previous = empty
+    for item in _iter_basic_lines():
+        if item == lf and previous[-1:] == cr:
+            previous += item
+            item = empty
+        if previous:
+            yield previous
+        previous = item
+    if previous:
+        yield previous
+
+
+def make_chunk_iter(
+    stream: t.Union[t.Iterable[bytes], t.IO[bytes]],
+    separator: bytes,
+    limit: t.Optional[int] = None,
+    buffer_size: int = 10 * 1024,
+    cap_at_buffer: bool = False,
+) -> t.Iterator[bytes]:
+    """Works like :func:`make_line_iter` but accepts a separator
+    which divides chunks.  If you want newline based processing
+    you should use :func:`make_line_iter` instead as it
+    supports arbitrary newline markers.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.8
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.9
+       added support for iterators as input stream.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 0.11.10
+       added support for the `cap_at_buffer` parameter.
+
+    :param stream: the stream or iterate to iterate over.
+    :param separator: the separator that divides chunks.
+    :param limit: the limit in bytes for the stream.  (Usually
+                  content length.  Not necessary if the `stream`
+                  is otherwise already limited).
+    :param buffer_size: The optional buffer size.
+    :param cap_at_buffer: if this is set chunks are split if they are longer
+                          than the buffer size.  Internally this is implemented
+                          that the buffer size might be exhausted by a factor
+                          of two however.
+    """
+    _iter = _make_chunk_iter(stream, limit, buffer_size)
+
+    first_item = next(_iter, b"")
+    if not first_item:
+        return
+
+    _iter = t.cast(t.Iterator[bytes], chain((first_item,), _iter))
+    if isinstance(first_item, str):
+        separator = _to_str(separator)
+        _split = re.compile(f"({re.escape(separator)})").split
+        _join = "".join
+    else:
+        separator = _to_bytes(separator)
+        _split = re.compile(b"(" + re.escape(separator) + b")").split
+        _join = b"".join
+
+    buffer: t.List[bytes] = []
+    while True:
+        new_data = next(_iter, b"")
+        if not new_data:
+            break
+        chunks = _split(new_data)
+        new_buf: t.List[bytes] = []
+        buf_size = 0
+        for item in chain(buffer, chunks):
+            if item == separator:
+                yield _join(new_buf)
+                new_buf = []
+                buf_size = 0
+            else:
+                buf_size += len(item)
+                new_buf.append(item)
+
+                if cap_at_buffer and buf_size >= buffer_size:
+                    rv = _join(new_buf)
+                    while len(rv) >= buffer_size:
+                        yield rv[:buffer_size]
+                        rv = rv[buffer_size:]
+                    new_buf = [rv]
+                    buf_size = len(rv)
+
+        buffer = new_buf
+    if buffer:
+        yield _join(buffer)
+
+
+class LimitedStream(io.IOBase):
+    """Wraps a stream so that it doesn't read more than n bytes.  If the
+    stream is exhausted and the caller tries to get more bytes from it
+    :func:`on_exhausted` is called which by default returns an empty
+    string.  The return value of that function is forwarded
+    to the reader function.  So if it returns an empty string
+    :meth:`read` will return an empty string as well.
+
+    The limit however must never be higher than what the stream can
+    output.  Otherwise :meth:`readlines` will try to read past the
+    limit.
+
+    .. admonition:: Note on WSGI compliance
+
+       calls to :meth:`readline` and :meth:`readlines` are not
+       WSGI compliant because it passes a size argument to the
+       readline methods.  Unfortunately the WSGI PEP is not safely
+       implementable without a size argument to :meth:`readline`
+       because there is no EOF marker in the stream.  As a result
+       of that the use of :meth:`readline` is discouraged.
+
+       For the same reason iterating over the :class:`LimitedStream`
+       is not portable.  It internally calls :meth:`readline`.
+
+       We strongly suggest using :meth:`read` only or using the
+       :func:`make_line_iter` which safely iterates line-based
+       over a WSGI input stream.
+
+    :param stream: the stream to wrap.
+    :param limit: the limit for the stream, must not be longer than
+                  what the string can provide if the stream does not
+                  end with `EOF` (like `wsgi.input`)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, stream: t.IO[bytes], limit: int) -> None:
+        self._read = stream.read
+        self._readline = stream.readline
+        self._pos = 0
+        self.limit = limit
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> "LimitedStream":
+        return self
+
+    @property
+    def is_exhausted(self) -> bool:
+        """If the stream is exhausted this attribute is `True`."""
+        return self._pos >= self.limit
+
+    def on_exhausted(self) -> bytes:
+        """This is called when the stream tries to read past the limit.
+        The return value of this function is returned from the reading
+        function.
+        """
+        # Read null bytes from the stream so that we get the
+        # correct end of stream marker.
+        return self._read(0)
+
+    def on_disconnect(self) -> bytes:
+        """What should happen if a disconnect is detected?  The return
+        value of this function is returned from read functions in case
+        the client went away.  By default a
+        :exc:`~werkzeug.exceptions.ClientDisconnected` exception is raised.
+        """
+        from .exceptions import ClientDisconnected
+
+        raise ClientDisconnected()
+
+    def exhaust(self, chunk_size: int = 1024 * 64) -> None:
+        """Exhaust the stream.  This consumes all the data left until the
+        limit is reached.
+
+        :param chunk_size: the size for a chunk.  It will read the chunk
+                           until the stream is exhausted and throw away
+                           the results.
+        """
+        to_read = self.limit - self._pos
+        chunk = chunk_size
+        while to_read > 0:
+            chunk = min(to_read, chunk)
+            self.read(chunk)
+            to_read -= chunk
+
+    def read(self, size: t.Optional[int] = None) -> bytes:
+        """Read `size` bytes or if size is not provided everything is read.
+
+        :param size: the number of bytes read.
+        """
+        if self._pos >= self.limit:
+            return self.on_exhausted()
+        if size is None or size == -1:  # -1 is for consistence with file
+            size = self.limit
+        to_read = min(self.limit - self._pos, size)
+        try:
+            read = self._read(to_read)
+        except (OSError, ValueError):
+            return self.on_disconnect()
+        if to_read and len(read) != to_read:
+            return self.on_disconnect()
+        self._pos += len(read)
+        return read
+
+    def readline(self, size: t.Optional[int] = None) -> bytes:
+        """Reads one line from the stream."""
+        if self._pos >= self.limit:
+            return self.on_exhausted()
+        if size is None:
+            size = self.limit - self._pos
+        else:
+            size = min(size, self.limit - self._pos)
+        try:
+            line = self._readline(size)
+        except (ValueError, OSError):
+            return self.on_disconnect()
+        if size and not line:
+            return self.on_disconnect()
+        self._pos += len(line)
+        return line
+
+    def readlines(self, size: t.Optional[int] = None) -> t.List[bytes]:
+        """Reads a file into a list of strings.  It calls :meth:`readline`
+        until the file is read to the end.  It does support the optional
+        `size` argument if the underlying stream supports it for
+        `readline`.
+        """
+        last_pos = self._pos
+        result = []
+        if size is not None:
+            end = min(self.limit, last_pos + size)
+        else:
+            end = self.limit
+        while True:
+            if size is not None:
+                size -= last_pos - self._pos
+            if self._pos >= end:
+                break
+            result.append(self.readline(size))
+            if size is not None:
+                last_pos = self._pos
+        return result
+
+    def tell(self) -> int:
+        """Returns the position of the stream.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 0.9
+        """
+        return self._pos
+
+    def __next__(self) -> bytes:
+        line = self.readline()
+        if not line:
+            raise StopIteration()
+        return line
+
+    def readable(self) -> bool:
+        return True
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/INSTALLER b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1b589e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/INSTALLER
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+pip
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/LICENSE b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..353924b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Copyright Jason R. Coombs
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
+deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
+rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
+sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
+IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/METADATA b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23f844d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: zipp
+Version: 3.6.0
+Summary: Backport of pathlib-compatible object wrapper for zip files
+Home-page: https://github.com/jaraco/zipp
+Author: Jason R. Coombs
+Author-email: jaraco@jaraco.com
+License: UNKNOWN
+Platform: UNKNOWN
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+Requires-Python: >=3.6
+License-File: LICENSE
+Provides-Extra: docs
+Requires-Dist: sphinx ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: jaraco.packaging (>=8.2) ; extra == 'docs'
+Requires-Dist: rst.linker (>=1.9) ; extra == 'docs'
+Provides-Extra: testing
+Requires-Dist: pytest (>=4.6) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-checkdocs (>=2.4) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-flake8 ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-cov ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-enabler (>=1.0.1) ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: jaraco.itertools ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: func-timeout ; extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-black (>=0.3.7) ; (platform_python_implementation != "PyPy") and extra == 'testing'
+Requires-Dist: pytest-mypy ; (platform_python_implementation != "PyPy") and extra == 'testing'
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/zipp.svg
+   :target: `PyPI link`_
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/zipp.svg
+   :target: `PyPI link`_
+
+.. _PyPI link: https://pypi.org/project/zipp
+
+.. image:: https://github.com/jaraco/zipp/workflows/tests/badge.svg
+   :target: https://github.com/jaraco/zipp/actions?query=workflow%3A%22tests%22
+   :alt: tests
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg
+   :target: https://github.com/psf/black
+   :alt: Code style: Black
+
+.. .. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/skeleton/badge/?version=latest
+..    :target: https://skeleton.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest
+
+.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/skeleton-2021-informational
+   :target: https://blog.jaraco.com/skeleton
+
+
+A pathlib-compatible Zipfile object wrapper. Official backport of the standard library
+`Path object <https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/zipfile.html#path-objects>`_.
+
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/RECORD b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/RECORD
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26f4f26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/RECORD
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+__pycache__/zipp.cpython-37.pyc,,
+zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=2z8CRrH5J48VhFuZ_sR4uLUG63ZIeZNyL4xuJUKF-vg,1050
+zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=qZcCKAkx7YTb17tMj97MF7A930rB-LWXw_5SwbGPefs,2263
+zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=ewwEueio1C2XeHTvT17n8dZUJgOvyCWCt0WVNLClP9o,92
+zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/top_level.txt,sha256=iAbdoSHfaGqBfVb2XuR9JqSQHCoOsOtG6y9C_LSpqFw,5
+zipp.py,sha256=ajztOH-9I7KA_4wqDYygtHa6xUBVZgFpmZ8FE74HHHI,8425
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/WHEEL b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/WHEEL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bad85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/WHEEL
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: bdist_wheel (0.37.0)
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any
+
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/top_level.txt b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e82f676
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp-3.6.0.dist-info/top_level.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+zipp
diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp.py b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26b723c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/zipp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+import io
+import posixpath
+import zipfile
+import itertools
+import contextlib
+import sys
+import pathlib
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+    from collections import OrderedDict
+else:
+    OrderedDict = dict
+
+
+__all__ = ['Path']
+
+
+def _parents(path):
+    """
+    Given a path with elements separated by
+    posixpath.sep, generate all parents of that path.
+
+    >>> list(_parents('b/d'))
+    ['b']
+    >>> list(_parents('/b/d/'))
+    ['/b']
+    >>> list(_parents('b/d/f/'))
+    ['b/d', 'b']
+    >>> list(_parents('b'))
+    []
+    >>> list(_parents(''))
+    []
+    """
+    return itertools.islice(_ancestry(path), 1, None)
+
+
+def _ancestry(path):
+    """
+    Given a path with elements separated by
+    posixpath.sep, generate all elements of that path
+
+    >>> list(_ancestry('b/d'))
+    ['b/d', 'b']
+    >>> list(_ancestry('/b/d/'))
+    ['/b/d', '/b']
+    >>> list(_ancestry('b/d/f/'))
+    ['b/d/f', 'b/d', 'b']
+    >>> list(_ancestry('b'))
+    ['b']
+    >>> list(_ancestry(''))
+    []
+    """
+    path = path.rstrip(posixpath.sep)
+    while path and path != posixpath.sep:
+        yield path
+        path, tail = posixpath.split(path)
+
+
+_dedupe = OrderedDict.fromkeys
+"""Deduplicate an iterable in original order"""
+
+
+def _difference(minuend, subtrahend):
+    """
+    Return items in minuend not in subtrahend, retaining order
+    with O(1) lookup.
+    """
+    return itertools.filterfalse(set(subtrahend).__contains__, minuend)
+
+
+class CompleteDirs(zipfile.ZipFile):
+    """
+    A ZipFile subclass that ensures that implied directories
+    are always included in the namelist.
+    """
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _implied_dirs(names):
+        parents = itertools.chain.from_iterable(map(_parents, names))
+        as_dirs = (p + posixpath.sep for p in parents)
+        return _dedupe(_difference(as_dirs, names))
+
+    def namelist(self):
+        names = super(CompleteDirs, self).namelist()
+        return names + list(self._implied_dirs(names))
+
+    def _name_set(self):
+        return set(self.namelist())
+
+    def resolve_dir(self, name):
+        """
+        If the name represents a directory, return that name
+        as a directory (with the trailing slash).
+        """
+        names = self._name_set()
+        dirname = name + '/'
+        dir_match = name not in names and dirname in names
+        return dirname if dir_match else name
+
+    @classmethod
+    def make(cls, source):
+        """
+        Given a source (filename or zipfile), return an
+        appropriate CompleteDirs subclass.
+        """
+        if isinstance(source, CompleteDirs):
+            return source
+
+        if not isinstance(source, zipfile.ZipFile):
+            return cls(_pathlib_compat(source))
+
+        # Only allow for FastLookup when supplied zipfile is read-only
+        if 'r' not in source.mode:
+            cls = CompleteDirs
+
+        source.__class__ = cls
+        return source
+
+
+class FastLookup(CompleteDirs):
+    """
+    ZipFile subclass to ensure implicit
+    dirs exist and are resolved rapidly.
+    """
+
+    def namelist(self):
+        with contextlib.suppress(AttributeError):
+            return self.__names
+        self.__names = super(FastLookup, self).namelist()
+        return self.__names
+
+    def _name_set(self):
+        with contextlib.suppress(AttributeError):
+            return self.__lookup
+        self.__lookup = super(FastLookup, self)._name_set()
+        return self.__lookup
+
+
+def _pathlib_compat(path):
+    """
+    For path-like objects, convert to a filename for compatibility
+    on Python 3.6.1 and earlier.
+    """
+    try:
+        return path.__fspath__()
+    except AttributeError:
+        return str(path)
+
+
+class Path:
+    """
+    A pathlib-compatible interface for zip files.
+
+    Consider a zip file with this structure::
+
+        .
+        ├── a.txt
+        └── b
+            ├── c.txt
+            └── d
+                └── e.txt
+
+    >>> data = io.BytesIO()
+    >>> zf = zipfile.ZipFile(data, 'w')
+    >>> zf.writestr('a.txt', 'content of a')
+    >>> zf.writestr('b/c.txt', 'content of c')
+    >>> zf.writestr('b/d/e.txt', 'content of e')
+    >>> zf.filename = 'mem/abcde.zip'
+
+    Path accepts the zipfile object itself or a filename
+
+    >>> root = Path(zf)
+
+    From there, several path operations are available.
+
+    Directory iteration (including the zip file itself):
+
+    >>> a, b = root.iterdir()
+    >>> a
+    Path('mem/abcde.zip', 'a.txt')
+    >>> b
+    Path('mem/abcde.zip', 'b/')
+
+    name property:
+
+    >>> b.name
+    'b'
+
+    join with divide operator:
+
+    >>> c = b / 'c.txt'
+    >>> c
+    Path('mem/abcde.zip', 'b/c.txt')
+    >>> c.name
+    'c.txt'
+
+    Read text:
+
+    >>> c.read_text()
+    'content of c'
+
+    existence:
+
+    >>> c.exists()
+    True
+    >>> (b / 'missing.txt').exists()
+    False
+
+    Coercion to string:
+
+    >>> import os
+    >>> str(c).replace(os.sep, posixpath.sep)
+    'mem/abcde.zip/b/c.txt'
+
+    At the root, ``name``, ``filename``, and ``parent``
+    resolve to the zipfile. Note these attributes are not
+    valid and will raise a ``ValueError`` if the zipfile
+    has no filename.
+
+    >>> root.name
+    'abcde.zip'
+    >>> str(root.filename).replace(os.sep, posixpath.sep)
+    'mem/abcde.zip'
+    >>> str(root.parent)
+    'mem'
+    """
+
+    __repr = "{self.__class__.__name__}({self.root.filename!r}, {self.at!r})"
+
+    def __init__(self, root, at=""):
+        """
+        Construct a Path from a ZipFile or filename.
+
+        Note: When the source is an existing ZipFile object,
+        its type (__class__) will be mutated to a
+        specialized type. If the caller wishes to retain the
+        original type, the caller should either create a
+        separate ZipFile object or pass a filename.
+        """
+        self.root = FastLookup.make(root)
+        self.at = at
+
+    def open(self, mode='r', *args, pwd=None, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Open this entry as text or binary following the semantics
+        of ``pathlib.Path.open()`` by passing arguments through
+        to io.TextIOWrapper().
+        """
+        if self.is_dir():
+            raise IsADirectoryError(self)
+        zip_mode = mode[0]
+        if not self.exists() and zip_mode == 'r':
+            raise FileNotFoundError(self)
+        stream = self.root.open(self.at, zip_mode, pwd=pwd)
+        if 'b' in mode:
+            if args or kwargs:
+                raise ValueError("encoding args invalid for binary operation")
+            return stream
+        return io.TextIOWrapper(stream, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        return pathlib.Path(self.at).name or self.filename.name
+
+    @property
+    def suffix(self):
+        return pathlib.Path(self.at).suffix or self.filename.suffix
+
+    @property
+    def suffixes(self):
+        return pathlib.Path(self.at).suffixes or self.filename.suffixes
+
+    @property
+    def stem(self):
+        return pathlib.Path(self.at).stem or self.filename.stem
+
+    @property
+    def filename(self):
+        return pathlib.Path(self.root.filename).joinpath(self.at)
+
+    def read_text(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        with self.open('r', *args, **kwargs) as strm:
+            return strm.read()
+
+    def read_bytes(self):
+        with self.open('rb') as strm:
+            return strm.read()
+
+    def _is_child(self, path):
+        return posixpath.dirname(path.at.rstrip("/")) == self.at.rstrip("/")
+
+    def _next(self, at):
+        return self.__class__(self.root, at)
+
+    def is_dir(self):
+        return not self.at or self.at.endswith("/")
+
+    def is_file(self):
+        return self.exists() and not self.is_dir()
+
+    def exists(self):
+        return self.at in self.root._name_set()
+
+    def iterdir(self):
+        if not self.is_dir():
+            raise ValueError("Can't listdir a file")
+        subs = map(self._next, self.root.namelist())
+        return filter(self._is_child, subs)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return posixpath.join(self.root.filename, self.at)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__repr.format(self=self)
+
+    def joinpath(self, *other):
+        next = posixpath.join(self.at, *map(_pathlib_compat, other))
+        return self._next(self.root.resolve_dir(next))
+
+    __truediv__ = joinpath
+
+    @property
+    def parent(self):
+        if not self.at:
+            return self.filename.parent
+        parent_at = posixpath.dirname(self.at.rstrip('/'))
+        if parent_at:
+            parent_at += '/'
+        return self._next(parent_at)
diff --git a/venv/pyvenv.cfg b/venv/pyvenv.cfg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f967d3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/venv/pyvenv.cfg
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+home = /usr/bin
+include-system-site-packages = false
+version = 3.7.3
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